jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Motor Coordination and Strategic Cooperation in Joint Action

Naturalistic joint action between two agents typically requires both motor coordination and strategic cooperation. However, these two fundamental processes have systematically been studied independently. We presented 50 dyads of adult participants with a novel collaborative task that combined different levels of motor noise with different levels of strategic noise, to determine whether the sense of agency (the experience of control over an action) reflects the interplay between these low-level (motor) and high-level (strategic) dimensions. We also examined how dominance in motor control could influence prosocial behaviors. We found that self-agency was particularly dependent on motor cues, whereas joint agency was particularly dependent on strategic cues. We suggest that the prime importance of strategic cues to joint agency reflects the co-representation of coagents’ interests during the task. Furthermore, we observed a reduction in prosocial strategies in agents who exerted dominant motor control over joint action, showing that the strategic dimension of human interactions is also susceptible to the influence of low-level motor characteristics.

Topic: Action Observation and Synchronization
Subfield: Social Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
A MODEL OF COMMUNICATION APPREHENSION, JOB LEVEL, COMMUNICATION REQUIREMENTS OF THE JOB, JOB SATISFACTION, AND CAREER CHANGE ACTIVITIES.

A model of communication apprehension, job level, communication requirements of the job, job satisfaction, and career change activities was developed. Questionnaires from 351 employees provided support for the model in correlation, regression, and structural analyses. Implications for practice, theory, and further research were discussed.

Topic: Communication in Education and Healthcare
Subfield: Social Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Finding Dense Subgraph for Community Detection on Social Network Based on Information Diffusion

Finding communities on the social network has become a fascinating research area in social network analysis. Unfortunately, many community detection methods that had been proposed still use the underlying network topology to find communities inside the network. The underlying topology is not always available to retrieve completely because of the size of the data or due to the data confidentiality. For that reason, the method cannot find communities inside the social network accurately. In this article, we focus on detecting communities on social network using a method for searching dynamic dense subgraph without need any prior knowledge about the underlying network structure. The proposed method, Dense CoDi (community diffusion based on density), estimates the network structure from information diffusion process and finds the communities based on the method for discovering dynamic dense subgraph whose edges occur in short time intervals. We evaluate the proposed methods on synthetic and real datasets, which prove that the algorithm can detect communities from a network where information related to its main topology is completely unknown and the obtained communities provide richer knowledge compared to the communities detected by the existing method.

Topic: Complex Network Analysis Techniques
Subfield: Statistical and Nonlinear Physics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Special section of [the journal] Early Theatre. Issues in Review Essays: New Developments in Commedia Research

A guest-edited section of the journal "Early Theatre" (vol.11, issue 2, 2008, 141-240), introduced by the guest editor: M A Katritzky, "The commedia dell'arte: new perspectives and new documents"; Maria Ines Aliverti, "An icon for a new woman: a previously unidentified portrait of Isabella Andreini by Paolo Veronese"; Rosalind Kerr, "The Italian actress and the foundations of early modern European theatre: performing female sexual identities on the commedia dell'arte stage"; Erith Jaffe-Berg, "New perspectives on language, oral transmission, and multilingualism in commedia dell'arte"; Stefano Mengarelli, "The commedia all'improvviso pictures in the Corsini manuscript: a new reading"; Robert Henke, "Back to the future: a review of comparative studies in Shakespeare and the commedia dell'arte".

Topic: Renaissance and Early Modern Studies
Subfield: History
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Effect of Dexmedetomidine Hydrochloride on Early Cognitive Function in Postoperative Elderly Patients

Purpose: to explore the effect of dexmedetomidine hydrochloride on early cognitive function in postoperative elderly patients. Methods: during December 2015 to November 2016, 80 elderly patients who received surgical treatment in our hospital were selected as research object. Result: patients were randomly divided into two groups (control group and research group). On the basis of routine anesthetic induction, patients in research group took dexmedetomidine, in comparison, patients in control group took an equal dose of sodium chloride solution. The goal was to evaluate the anesthetic effect of those two methods. One hour before surgery, there was no significant difference in the MMSE score between the two groups (P＞0.05). In research group, the MMSE scores at postoperative 1d and 3d were (23.8 ± 2.4) and (27.1 ± 2.0) respectively. In control group, the MMSE scores at postoperative 1d and 3d were (20.5 ± 3.2) and (24.6 ± 3.4) respectively. The difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05). There was no significant difference in anesthesia time, awake time and extubation time between those two groups (P＞0.05). Conclusion: using dexmedetomidine in elderly patients after surgery can protect early cognitive function and improve the prognosis.

Topic: Intensive Care Unit Cognitive Disorders
Subfield: Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Multidimensional direct free energy perturbation

In this work we propose a multidimensional free energy perturbation scheme that allows the evaluation of the free energy difference between a state sampled based on importance sampling and almost any state that can be constructed by the reduction of the number of molecules in the system and the change of either the interaction energy or the thermodynamic state variable (e.g., the temperature) of the system. We show that via this approach it is possible to evaluate any thermodynamic property included but not limited to free energy, chemical potential, and pressure, along a series of isotherms from a single molecular simulation.

Topic: Material Dynamics and Properties
Subfield: Materials Chemistry
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Geographical topic learning for social images with a deep neural network

The use of geographical tagging in social-media images is becoming a part of image metadata and a great interest for geographical information science. It is well recognized that geographical topic learning is crucial for geographical annotation. Existing methods usually exploit geographical characteristics using image preprocessing, pixel-based classification, and feature recognition. How to effectively exploit the high-level semantic feature and underlying correlation among different types of contents is a crucial task for geographical topic learning. Deep learning (DL) has recently demonstrated robust capabilities for image tagging and has been introduced into geoscience. It extracts high-level features computed from a whole image component, where the cluttered background may dominate spatial features in the deep representation. Therefore, a method of spatial-attentional DL for geographical topic learning is provided and we can regard it as a special case of DL combined with various deep networks and tuning tricks. Results demonstrated that the method is discriminative for different types of geographical topic learning. In addition, it outperforms other sequential processing models in a tagging task for a geographical image dataset.

Topic: Geographic Information Systems Studies
Subfield: Geography, Planning and Development
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Results of implementation of mechanical logging for additional investigation of the geological structure of the Olon-Shibirskoe coal deposit

Mining coal requires detailed geological information about the structure of the coal seam and the quality of coal seams that allows to minimize the risks associated with the complicating mining and geological factors and changes in the quality characteristics of coal. The article discusses the experience of applying the mechanical logging method as an express method of operational exploration in the Olon-Shibirsk coal deposit. The mechanical logging data were compared with core sampling data and geophysical well surveys. As a result, criteria for dividing the coalbearing sequence of the deposit into lithotypes were identified. According to these criteria, it is possible to identify a general pattern for the considered coal seam: drilling speed increases with decreasing grain size, drilling speed also increases with increasing the content of organic matter in the rock, the maximum drilling speed is characterized by coal seams. The drilling speed is the determining parameter, while the other drilling parameters complement its readings in case of ambiguity in the interpretation of the graph. For coal seams, the dependence of drilling speed on ash content was determined. At the same time, the dependence is most correct for coal seams with thickness more than one meter. On the basis of operational exploration data using mechanical logging for some areas, the morphology of coal seams, as well as the complexity of their structure and ash content, which allowed to specify the reserves and quality by geological blocks. In the final comparison with the fact was confirmed an increase in the accuracy of calculations using the method of mechanical logging. Practical significance of the results of the study is to improve the quality of operational exploration in the field while reducing costs.

Topic: Geotechnical and Geomechanical Engineering
Subfield: Mechanics of Materials
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Pathogenesis of oncogenic simian adenoviruses. IV. The histopathology and ultrastructure of intraperitoneal neoplasms induced by SV20

Abstract The histopathology and ultrastructure of SV20‐induced intraperitoneal (IP) neoplasms is described and compared to neoplasms induced by this virus administered by the intracranial and subcutaneous routes. SV20‐induced IP neoplasms are relatively undifferentiated and contain two types of tumor giant cells. Dilated rough endoplasmic reticulum was increased, but annulate lamellae were rarely observed in IP neoplasms. Virus‐like particles within the cytoplasm and nuclei of neoplastic cells resembled the original inoculated SV20 virus. Virus particles associated with cisternae of endoplasmic reticulum, nuclear projections, and unusual cytoplasmic bodies with many smaller dense structures were observed. These latter dense structures were attached to the inner and outer surface of cytoplasmic bodies and resembled the nucleoid of virus particles.

Topic: Polyomavirus and related diseases
Subfield: Oncology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Between Peking and Moscow

Replying recently to an allegation that his party was 'pro-Moscow', the secretary general of the Partido Komunista ng Pilipinas (Communist Party of the Philippines — PKP), Felicisimo C. Macapagal rejected that particular characterisation. He emphasised instead that the PKP is an 'independent' Filipino party and does not take orders from Moscow. He added, however, that the PKP has supported the Soviet point of view, because the USSR 'has consistently taken a progressive and principled position' on various world issues, in contrast to the position of the Chinese Communist Party which, according to Macapagal, not only has a 'chauvinistic and pro-imperialist' point of view, but, indeed, allegedly has attempted to interfere in the affairs of 'fraternal parties', including in the Philippines.1

Topic: Philippine History and Culture
Subfield: Anthropology
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
The genome sequence of the psychrophilic archaeon,<i>Methanococcoides burtonii</i>: the role of genome evolution in cold adaptation

Abstract Psychrophilic archaea are abundant and perform critical roles throughout the Earth's expansive cold biosphere. Here we report the first complete genome sequence for a psychrophilic methanogenic archaeon, Methanococcoides burtonii. The genome sequence was manually annotated including the use of a five-tiered evidence rating (ER) system that ranked annotations from ER1 (gene product experimentally characterized from the parent organism) to ER5 (hypothetical gene product) to provide a rapid means of assessing the certainty of gene function predictions. The genome is characterized by a higher level of aberrant sequence composition (51%) than any other archaeon. In comparison to hyper/thermophilic archaea, which are subject to selection of synonymous codon usage, M. burtonii has evolved cold adaptation through a genomic capacity to accommodate highly skewed amino-acid content, while retaining codon usage in common with its mesophilic Methanosarcina cousins. Polysaccharide biosynthesis genes comprise at least 3.3% of protein coding genes in the genome, and Cell wall, membrane, envelope biogenesis COG genes are overrepresented. Likewise, signal transduction (COG category T) genes are overrepresented and M. burtonii has a high ‘IQ’ (a measure of adaptive potential) compared to many methanogens. Numerous genes in these two overrepresented COG categories appear to have been acquired from ɛ- and δ-Proteobacteria, as do specific genes involved in central metabolism such as a novel B form of aconitase. Transposases also distinguish M. burtonii from other archaea, and their genomic characteristics indicate they have an important role in evolving the M. burtonii genome. Our study reveals a capacity for this model psychrophile to evolve through genome plasticity (including nucleotide skew, horizontal gene transfer and transposase activity) that enables adaptation to the cold, and to the biological and physical changes that have occurred over the last several thousand years as it adapted from a marine to an Antarctic lake environment.

Topic: Methane Hydrates and Related Phenomena
Subfield: Environmental Chemistry
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
BASICS OF LIMITATION OF RIGHTS AND FREEDOMS IN THE ECONOMIC SPHERE

Purpose: consideration of basic economic rights and freedoms, as well as their legal restrictions. Methods: the methodological basis of the study was philosophical, ideological, general scientific and special methods. Results: the constitution of any state regulates the most important areas of activity of the country, society and the individual. Since the economy is an integral part of the life of society, the reflection of the basic principles of its regulation in the basic law of the state is no exception. In the Constitutions of many countries, the socio-economic topics received fairly complete coverage. They contain a list of the most significant economic problems requiring constitutional consolidation. Simultaneously with the consolidation of basic economic rights and freedoms, the basic laws of countries also contain the conditions under which the state can restrict them. Discussion: mechanisms of state regulation of economic activity of economic entities. Licensing is considered as a necessary measure of state regulation of the economy, which is an integral part of market relations. In the light of the above, the thesis that licensing is one of the most complex and serious mechanisms of state regulation of economic activities of economic entities and reducing licensing by switching to alternative regulatory methods should be carried out only for activities that do not pose a potential danger to the fundamentals of the constitutional system and fundamental human rights and freedoms.

Topic: Legal and Policy Issues
Subfield: Law
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Influence of Delayed Staging Laparotomy After Laparoscopic Removal of Ovarian Masses Later Found Malignant

In Brief Objective To determine whether delayed laparotomy after attempted laparoscopic excision of an ovarian mass later found to be malignant has an impact on the stage of disease. Methods A questionnaire regarding laparoscopic management of ovarian masses later found to be malignant was mailed to all gynecologic departments in Austria. Of the 70 cases reported, laparotomy was performed after laparoscopy in 48 cases. In 24 of these cases, laparotomy was performed within 17 days of laparoscopy, whereas 24 cases involved a delay of more than 17 days. Twenty-two patients in whom laparotomy was performed immediately after laparoscopy were used as controls. Results In patients with borderline tumors who underwent laparotomy more than 17 days after laparoscopy, the odds ratio (OR) for International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage IIB-IV disease was 5.3 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.40, ∞), compared with patients undergoing immediate laparotomy (multivariate analysis). Patients with invasive ovarian cancer who underwent laparotomy more than 17 days after laparoscopy had an OR of 9.2 (CI 0.92, 481) for stage IIB-IV disease compared with patients undergoing immediate laparotomy (multivariate analysis). In patients with borderline tumors, multivariate analysis showed that the timing of laparotomy is an independent prognostic factor for the stage of disease. In invasive ovarian cancer, none of the factors evaluated by multivariate analysis was found to be an independent prognostic factor for the distribution of disease stage. A delay between laparoscopy and laparotomy may affect adversely the distribution of disease stage. Conclusion The timing of subsequent laparotomy was found to be a factor predictive of the distribution of disease stage. A delay between initial laparoscopy and staging laparotomy in ovarian cancer may affect the distribution of disease stage adversely.

Topic: Ovarian cancer diagnosis and treatment
Subfield: Reproductive Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
An Efficient Full Wave Model for Investigating Layered Media Using Bi-Static Ground Penetrating Radar

Ground penetrating radar (GPR) is a popular nondestructive sensor for subsurface media investigation. Modeling of the GPR system has a significant role in the successful estimation of subsurface media properties, imaging, and detection of buried object. A model should provide good accuracy and computational efficiency while taking care of numerous GPR scenarios. However, achieving accuracy and speed of computation is a difficult task. In this respect, analytical modelings are promising techniques to represent a specific GPR scenario. In this work, a simplified full wave model (FWM) for bi-static GPR has been developed to represent radar transceivers with layered media. The model has been derived from an existing FWM solution. The accuracy of the proposed model has been verified by comparing it with existing FWMs, and by laboratory experiments based on stepped frequency continuous wave (SFCW) GPR. The corresponding results show that the proposed bi-static model is as accurate as FWM and its computational efficiency is enormous in estimating the sub-surface media properties.

Topic: Geophysical Methods and Applications
Subfield: Ocean Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Representing ICD-11 JLMMS Using IHTSDO Representation Formalisms

It is investigated whether the content of the Joint Linearization for Mortality and Morbidity Statistics of the 11th ICD revision can be semantically represented by formalisms acting on the clinical terminology SNOMED CT, viz. the IHTSDO Compositional Grammar (CG) and the Expression Constraint Language (ECL). Whereas CG provides a composition syntax for building coordinated SNOMED CT expressions, ECL provides a powerful query mechanism. Both formalisms can be leveraged to guarantee inter-operation between an ontology-based terminology like SNOMED CT and a statistical classification like ICD, characterized by single hierarchies and exhaustive, mutually exclusive classes. We test the feasibility of the method on the circulatory chapter of ICD-11 JLMMS.

Topic: Biomedical Text Mining and Ontologies
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
"“Going Out” of the Box: Depth of Intercultural Relationships Predicts Creativity, Workplace Innovation, and Entrepreneurship"

Using multiple methods (longitudinal, experimental, and field studies), diverse population samples (MBA students, employees, and professional repatriates), and both laboratory and real-world measures, the present research investigates whether close intercultural relationships promote creativity, workplace innovation, and entrepreneurship-outcomes that are vital to individual and organizational success. Using a longitudinal design over a ten-month MBA program, Study 1 demonstrated that intercultural dating predicted improved creative performance on both divergent and convergent thinking tasks. Using an experimental design, Study 2 established the causal connection between intercultural dating and creativity: Among participants who had previously had both intercultural and intracultural dating experiences, those who recalled an intercultural dating experience displayed higher creativity compared to those who recalled an intracultural dating experience. Importantly, cultural learning fully mediated this effect. Extending the first two studies, Study 3 found that the depth (i.e., duration), but not the breadth (i.e., number of partners), of intercultural dating experiences positively predicted the ability of working adults to generate creative names for marketing products. In Study 4, we analyzed an original dataset of 2,226 professional repatriates from 81 countries who had previously worked in the U.S. under J-1 visas. Results indicated that the depth of intercultural friendships (i.e., their frequency of contact with American friends) since returning to their home countries positively predicted their entrepreneurship and workplace innovation. Going out with a friend or romantic partner from a foreign culture at a deep level can help people “go out” of the box and into a creative frame of mind.

Topic: Cultural Differences and Values
Subfield: Social Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Normal Lymphocyte Development but Delayed Humoral Immune Response in CD81-null Mice

CD81 is a cell surface molecule expressed on many cell types and associated with the CD19/ CD21/Leu13 signal-transducing complex on B cells. A recent report implies that CD81 expression on thymic stromal cells is important in the maturation of thymocytes from CD4− CD8− to CD4+CD8+. However, we have produced CD81-null mice by gene targeting, and find that they undergo normal development of thymocytes and express normal numbers of T cells. B cells are also found in normal numbers in the spleen, blood, and peritoneal cavity of CD81-null mice, but they express a lower level of CD19 compared to heterozygous littermates. Finally, early antibody responses to the protein antigen ovalbumin are weaker in CD81null mice compared to their heterozygous littermates. This is consistent with the proposed role of the CD19/CD21/CD81-signaling complex in lowering the threshold for B cell responses. These results show that CD81 is not required for maturation of T cells, but is important for optimal expression of CD19 on B cells and optimal stimulation of antibody production.

Topic: Immune Cell Function and Interaction
Subfield: Immunology
Field: Immunology and Microbiology
Domain: Life Sciences