jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Identification and Evaluation of Bisquinoline Scaffold as a New Candidate for α-Synuclein-PET Imaging

α-Synuclein (α-syn) aggregates are pathologically associated with the hallmarks found in brains affected by synucleinopathies such as Parkinson's disease (PD) and multiple system atrophy (MSA). Therefore, the <i>in vivo</i> detection of α-syn aggregates using radiolabeled probes is useful for the comprehension of and medical intervention for synucleinopathies. In the present study, we identified a bisquinoline scaffold as a new promising structure for targeting α-syn aggregates by a screening assay. Then, based on the scaffold, novel bisquinoline derivatives, BQ1 and BQ2, were designed and synthesized, and we evaluated their utilities as α-syn imaging probes. Both compounds showed high affinity for recombinant α-syn aggregates in binding assays <i>in vitro</i> and clearly detected α-syn aggregates in human brain sections. BQ2 showed higher affinity for α-syn aggregates than BQ1, leading to performing <sup>18</sup>F-labeling to obtain [<sup>18</sup>F]BQ2. In a biodistribution study using normal mice, [<sup>18</sup>F]BQ2 displayed moderate uptake (1.59% ID/g at 2 min postinjection) into but subsequent retention (1.35% ID/g at 60 min postinjection) in the brain. The results of this study suggest that a bisquinoline derivative may be a new candidate as an α-syn-PET imaging probe after appropriate structure modification for further improvement in the pharmacokinetics.

Topic: Parkinson's Disease Mechanisms and Treatments
Subfield: Neurology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Transparent Random Dot Markers

This paper presents random dot markers (RDM) printed on transparent sheets as transparent fiducial markers. They are extremely unobstructive, and useful for developing novel user interfaces. However, the marker identification is required to be robust to observable back sides of the transparent sheets. To realize such markers, we propose a graph based framework for geometric feature based robust point matching for RDM. Instead of building one-to-one correspondences, we first build one-to-many correspondences using a 2D affinity matrix, and then globally optimize the matching assignment from the matrix. Especially, we incorporate pairwise relationship between neighboring points using local geometric descriptors into the matrix, and finally solve it with spectral matching. In the evaluation, we investigate the effectiveness of the global assignment from one-to-many correspondences, and finally show that our proposed method is enough robust to identifying overlapped markers.

Topic: Robotics and Sensor-Based Localization
Subfield: Aerospace Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Comprehention of Coils Overlappings Effects —Magnetic Resonance Imaging

A typical medical Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) contains a Local transmit/receive coil.Magnetic coil design is very important in study of the human brain and for neurological therapeutics technique.Precise spatial localization of stimulation sites is the key of efficient functional magnetic stimulations.Others have examined this issue at radio frequencies.This paper develops circular coils, figure-of-8 coils and coil array elements in order to realize a transcranial magnetic stimulator, and analyses the coil properties.The tests are done here with the applied DC excitation.The results show that different coils have different focus.The most important feature of these simulations is the ability to expand it.With these tests, the procedure of construction is determined.I simulate all procedures by MAXWELL 16.0.

Topic: Advanced MRI Techniques and Applications
Subfield: Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
“Naomi the Nurse: Obed’s Ambiguous Identity Transmission”

Three central figures within Israelite tradition—Isaac, Moses, and Samuel—are breastfed as infants by their own mothers, an activity that scholarship argues transfers identity. The case of the baby Obed, future grandfather of King David, however, is ambiguous: Ruth 4.16 articulates that Naomi becomes Obed’s “nurse,” derived from the root אמן‎, but not specifically that she “nurses” (breastfeeds) Obed, drawing on the root ינק‎. The present essay studies cases of the root אמן‎ when paired with a reference to a child or identified figure to assess Naomi’s role vis-à-vis Obed and to imagine the locus of Obed’s identity transmission. Though the text may be intentionally ambiguous, Naomi serves as Obed’s wet nurse and purveyor of Judahite kinship and identity.

Topic: Jewish and Middle Eastern Studies
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Byzantine Views of Islam

This chapter examines the encounter between Byzantium and Islam in the sphere of religion. The first encounter of Islam with Orthodox Christianity took place on the battlefield, in the wars which since the seventh century have opposed the Arabs to the Greek emperors. Byzantine polemical literature has largely determined the official canonical attitude of the Church towards Islam, an attitude which is reflected in the rites of the reception of Moslem converts to Christianity. Islam not only obliged the Christians to live in a tiny enclosed world which concentrated on the liturgical cult, it also made them feel that an existence was a normal one. A large part of Leo's letter is devoted to the problems of cult and worship, in reply to Omar's attack on the Christian doctrine of the sacraments. An apologetical exposition of the Christian faith, concentrated mainly on the doctrine of the Trinity.

Topic: Historical and Linguistic Studies
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Abstract 352: Anti-aging Gene Klotho Deficiency Causes Hypertension and Vascular Dysfunction via Upregulation of Mammalian Target of Rapamycin (mTOR)

Klotho is a recently discovered anti-aging gene. Genetic mutation of klotho expedites the aging process and shortens the lifespan while overexpression of klotho slows down the aging process and extends the lifespan by 20%. Interestingly, blood pressure (BP) was elevated significantly and vasodilatory responses to acetylcholine and sodium nitroprusside were impaired in klotho heterozygeous (+/-) mice, suggesting that klotho deficiency causes hypertension and vascular dysfunction. It is noted that klotho deficiency is associated with upregulation of mTOR expression and NADPH oxidase activity and downregulation of Mn-SOD expression in aortas and kidneys. Inhibition of mTOR by rapamycin abolished the upregulation of NADPH oxidase activity and O 2 - production and the downregulation of Mn-SOD expression and decreased BP to the control levels. Inhibition of mTOR also abolished vascular endothelial dysfunction and macrophage infiltration in kidneys in klotho (+/-) mice. The upregulation of NADPH oxidase activity and downregulation of Mn-SOD may be involved in klotho deficiency-induced hypertension which can be decreased significantly by apocynin (NADPH oxidase inhibitor) or Tempol (O 2 - scavenger). These results demonstrate, for the first time, that klotho is essential in the maintenance of normal blood pressure. Klotho deficiency-induced hypertension and vascular dysfunction are mediated by upregulation of mTOR. This study also reveals a previously unidentified role of mTOR in the regulation of NADPH oxidase and MnSOD. (Supported by HL105302 and HL102074).

Topic: Parathyroid Disorders and Treatments
Subfield: Nephrology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Revascularization led to less angina and fewer adverse cardiac events than did optimal medical care in angina pectoris in the elderly

Source Citation The TIME Investigators. Trial of invasive versus medical therapy in elderly patients with chronic symptomatic coronary-artery disease (TIME): a randomised trial. Lancet. 2001 Sep 22;358:951-7. 11583747

Topic: Health Systems, Economic Evaluations, Quality of Life
Subfield: Economics and Econometrics
Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance
Domain: Social Sciences
Carcinoma of the vagina. A case report and review of the literature.

The clinical details of a case of primary carcinoma of the vagina are described. The literature on the management of vaginal cancer is reviewed. Treatment must be individualized and planned according to the location and stage of the primary tumour. All patients treated for malignant lesions of the vagina must be followed up for life with regular pelvic and vaginal cytological examinations.

Topic: Ovarian cancer diagnosis and treatment
Subfield: Reproductive Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Low-temperature resistivity in nearly excitonic systems

Abstract The effects of spin and charge fluctuations in semimetals close to an excitonic transition have been investigated. The calculation of the resistivity has been performed for a particular anisotropic two-band model and yields an exchange-enhanced contribution proportional to T 2 in the limit of zero temperature. Low-temperature resistivity measurements are reported for ytterbium in the semimetallic range up to a pressure corresponding to the vanishing of the overlap. The large and pressure-dependent T 2 contribution which is found is in fair agreement with the theory. It is therefore suggested that manifestations of nearly excitonic systems are observed in Yb under pressure at low temperature.

Topic: Rare-earth and actinide compounds
Subfield: Condensed Matter Physics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
High-accuracy Nuclear Spin Dependent Parity Violating Amplitudes in $^{133}$Cs

Relativistic coupled-cluster (RCC) theory at the singles and doubles approximation has been implemented to estimate nuclear spin dependent (NSD) parity violating (PV) electric dipole (E1) transition amplitudes ($E1_{PV}^{NSD}$) among hyperfine levels of the $6s ~^2S_{1/2} \rightarrow 7s ~^2S_{1/2}$ transition in $^{133}$Cs. To validate our calculations, we reproduce the Dirac-Hartree-Fock values and results from the combined coupled-Dirac-Hartree-Fock and random phase approximation (CPDF-RPA) method reported earlier. Contributions from the double-core-polarization (DCP) effects at the CPDF-RPA method were found to be between 3-12\% among different hyperfine levels. We derived a generalized expression for $E1_{PV}^{NSD}$, which helped incorporate both the NSD PV Hamiltonian and E1 operator simultaneously in the perturbative approach to account for the DCP contributions. The RCC method subsumes the CPDF-RPA and DCP effects in addition to contributions from the Brückner pair-correlations and normalization of the wave functions, and correlations among them. To improve accuracy of the $E1_{PV}^{NSD}$ amplitudes further, we replace the {\it ab initio} values of the E1 matrix elements and energies by their experimental values via a sum-over-states approach.

Topic: Particle physics theoretical and experimental studies
Subfield: Nuclear and High Energy Physics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Enhancing Food Security Through Sustainable Agriculture: Investigating the Allelopathic Effects of Sorghum on Weed Management in Field Pea (Pisum sativum var. arvense)

Allelopathy can be a viable approach to address the issues of environmental degradation by reducing the use of herbicides and herbicide-resistant weeds. Allelopathic crop residues have a lot of potential for improving soil quality and suppressing weed growth. A field experiment at an agronomic research farm, Lovely Professional University in Phagwara, Punjab, examined the effects of water extracts and crop residues from sorghum on the population of weeds, indices of weed management, and the productivity of field peas. The experiment during the year 2022-2023 comprised in randomized block design with 2 levels of Sorghum water extract (1:10, 1:20 w/v), 3 levels of Sorghum stalk soil incorporation @ 2, 4, 6 Mg.ha-1, Sorghum surface mulching at 10tonnes ha-1, Field pea and rabi sorghum intercropping at 2:1, Weedy check and hand weeding. The findings showed that the sorghum surface mulching, addition of sorghum water extract, and sorghum stalk incorporation significantly altered the dynamics of weeds which was comparable with hand weeding. In the case of weed density (9.17 no.m-2), weed fresh (7.66g), and dry weight (3.0g) hand weeding gave the best result which was followed by sorghum surface mulching with 10.77 weeds no.m-2, 10.11 g weed fresh weight and 4.26gm weed dry weight. The highest weed control efficiency (80.9%) was recorded in hand weeding which was followed by sorghum water extract (1:10) and sorghum stalk incorporation (4 Mg.ha-1). The weed management index, weed persistence index, and agronomic management index showed an inverse relationship with weed control efficiency. Hand weeding (20, 40, 60 DAS) gave the highest grain yield (2897 kg.ha-1) of field pea followed by Sorghum surface mulching. Yield attributes were calculated which prescribed that all the treatments significantly reduced the weed infestation and increased the yield attributes over a weedy check. Hand weeding gave the best result, but it is not economical due to the intensive labor requirement. Initiating sustainable weed control and significantly improving the nutrient content of field peas can be achieved through sorghum surface mulching, sorghum stalk incorporation at 4 Mg.ha-1, and sorghum water extract (1:10). These practices can contribute to environmentally friendly and sustainable agriculture.

Topic: Allelopathy and phytotoxic interactions
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Antimicrobial use at a multi-disciplinary hospital

During the analyzed periods we observed some improvement in the sensitivity of the main pathogens to antibiotics. At the same time, the resistance of Acinetobacter baumannii to carbapenems and fluoroquinolones increased.Limitations of the studyThere are many other than antibiotic use factors, which influence these results. Further analysis is planned to be carried out. Nevertheless, this analysis makes us believe that we are, probably, on the right path for improving the use of antibacterial drugs.

Topic: Bacterial Identification and Susceptibility Testing
Subfield: Clinical Biochemistry
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
MAXILLOFACIAL TRAUMA MANAGEMENT IN POLYTRAUMATIZED PATIENTS – THE USE OF ADVANCED TRAUMA LIFE SUPPORT (ATLS) PRINCIPLES.

Management of the multiply injured patient requires a co-ordinated multi-disciplinary approach in order to optimise patients’ outcome. A working knowledge of the sort of problems these patients encounter is therefore vital to ensure that life-threatening injuries are recognised and treated in a timely pattern and that more minor associated injuries are not omitted. This article outlines the management of polytraumatized patients using the Advanced Trauma Life Support (ATLS) principles and highlights the areas of specific involvement of the engaged medical team. Advanced Trauma Life Support is generally regarded as the gold standard and is founded on a number of well known principles, but strict adherence to protocols may have its drawbacks when facial trauma co-exists. These can arise in the presence of either major or minor facial injuries, and oral and maxillofacial surgeons need to be aware of the potential problems.

Topic: Facial Trauma and Fracture Management
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
GEORGIOS TSIGANOS1, DIMOSTHENIS SOTIROPOULOS2

The purpose of this study was to record retrospectively the epidemiology of injuries in amateur Greek soccer play-ers. Three hundred and one (301) amateur soccer players voluntarily participated in the study. Participants answered a specially-designed questionnaire that included questions about demographics, playing surface, division, position, hours of training plus participation, the use of stretching or prophylactic tape, the injury mechanism, the location and type of injury. During the five years these soccer players sustained a total of 1.745 injuries, that diagnosed by the or-thopedist of the team. Most of injuries were strains (33%), overuse (27%) and sprains (25%). The location of injuries was the thigh (38 %), ankle (27%) and knee (13%). There was a significant difference in the total number of injuries among soccer players with or without scoliosis (t = 3.152, p 0.05) and players that played on sand/dirt (gravel), who sustained more injuries than the players who played on arti-ficial grass or on grass (t = 3.413, p 0.05). No differences were found in the other measurement parameters. The re-sults of our study shows that spine deformities and ground surfaces are the factors that causes more injuries in amateur Greek soccer players.

Topic: Child and Animal Learning Development
Subfield: Developmental and Educational Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Utilization of tannery solid waste for protease production by <i>Synergistes</i> sp. in solid‐state fermentation and partial protease characterization

Abstract Synergistes sp. DQ560074 produced a protease in submerged fermentation (SmF) at 400–420 U/mL and in solid‐state fermentation (SSF) at 745–755 U/g. The protease, which belongs to the aspartic protease class, was active over a wide range of pH (5–7) and at high temperatures (25–45°C). The protease is stable and active in various polar protic solvents (50% v/v) like ethanol, isopropanol, n –butanol, in polar aprotic solvents (50% v/v) like acetonitrile, and in non‐polar solvents (50% v/v) such as ethylacetate and toluene, but not in hydrophilic organic solvents (methyl alcohol and acetone). As far as we know, this is the first contribution to the production of a mesophilic protease with solvent stability in SSF using a proteinaceous solid waste.

Topic: Enzyme Production and Characterization
Subfield: Biotechnology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
The Male Gaze in Visual Culture

The male gaze remains one of the most canonical and contested concepts in feminist media studies. Since Laura Mulvey introduced the phrase in 1975 in her study of Hollywood cinema, scholars have applied the concept of the male gaze to film, television, art, advertising, and myriad other visual cultures. Mulvey suggested that the cinematic camera positions spectators to assume the perspective of heterosexual male viewers, wherein women's bodies are objectified and commodified toward sadistic ends. Her arguments have raised questions about the limitations of and potential for spectatorial identifications, desire, agency, and resistance. This chapter will, accordingly, offer explication of Mulvey's theory of the male gaze and will also consider other intersectional perspectives that have deployed, critiqued, and expanded this concept, arguing for both recognition of the hegemony of the male gaze and its limitations.

Topic: Cinema and Media Studies
Subfield: Economics and Econometrics
Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance
Domain: Social Sciences
Evaluation of the Immediate Impact of the Washington, D.C., Smoke-Free Indoor Air Policy on Bar Employee Environmental Tobacco Smoke Exposure

Objective. On January 2, 2007, the Washington, D.C., City Council banned smoking in restaurants and bars. We sought to determine the immediate impact of the ban on cotinine-confirmed environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) levels and respiratory symptom reports of a random sample of bar employees. Methods. We conducted an assessment of 66 employees from 41 randomly selected bars in December 2006, a month before the ban went into effect. After analyses of baseline data, 52 employees were eligible and 49 of them (94%) had a post-ban assessment in February 2007. Three participants were excluded due to high cotinine levels at the post-ban assessment, yielding a final sample size of 46 bar employees. ETS exposure levels were documented using saliva cotinine analyses by tandem liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry. Employee respiratory and sensory symptoms reports were assessed by a standardized, validated form: the International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease Bronchial Symptoms Questionnaire. Employee ETS exposure reports at work were eliminated after the ban. Results. Sensory symptoms reports (at ≤4 weeks) declined significantly by 70% to 100% ( p=0.0016); respiratory symptoms results were inconclusive due to a lack of data. Saliva cotinine medians declined significantly by 70% ( p&lt;0.0001), from a pre-ban mean of 2.11 nanograms per millileter (ng/mL) to a post-ban mean of 0.29 ng/mL, confirming reports of no ETS exposure at work. Conclusion. We concluded that the indoor air law was effective, eliminating employee ETS exposure reports, dramatically reducing their cotinine levels, and almost eliminating reports of sensory symptoms.

Topic: Air Quality and Health Impacts
Subfield: Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Chemical Composition, Quality Indices and Viscosity of Edible Oils from Blends of African Oil Bean Seed Oil and Sesame Seed Oil

This study adopted the concept of blending in developing and evaluating the properties of binary oil blends from African oil bean seed oil and sesame seed oil. Vegetal oils were extracted from African oil bean seeds (AB) and sesame seeds (SS) through Soxhlet extraction and blended in the following proportions: AB100:SS0, AB0:SS100, AB90:SS10, AB80:SS20, AB70:SS30, AB60:SS40 and AB50:SS50 respectively. The chemical, quality and viscosity properties was investigated. Findings from this study showed that the chemical composition decreased from 124.55 to 101.28 g of I2/100 g, 208.67 to 191.29 mg KOH/g, 1.94 to 1.62% for iodine, saponification and unsaponifiable matter values while quality properties improved with reduction in PV, FFA, pAV, AV and totox value from 3.12 to 2.79 meq O2/kg, 4.04 to 2.99%, 0.57 to 0.31, 8.08 to 5.99 mg KOH/g and 6.81 to 5.88 respectively as the proportion of sesame seed oil increased in the blended oils from 10 to 50%. Viscosity results at 50C and 370C increased in the studied samples from 560.00 mPa.s in AB100:SS0 to 635.00 mPa.s in AB50:SS50 and from 91.00 mPa.s in AB100:SS0 to 103.00 mPa.s in AB50:SS50 respectively. Conclusively, binary oil blends had better oil properties and could be optimized for food applications

Topic: Sesame and Sesamin Research
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences