jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Hydrodynamic Regimes of Interaction between a Droplet of Water-in-Diesel Microemulsion and a Horizontal Heated Wall

The hydrodynamic regimes of interaction between a droplet of the fuel water-in-diesel microemulsion with a heated rigid surface are studied, and regime maps are drawn with the separation of constitutive equations and inertia, viscous, and surface tension forces. The critical values of the Weber and Reynolds numbers are established that correspond to transitions between the interaction regimes (thermal disintegration and rebound of the droplet). From the practical point of view, the results may be used in studying the formation processes of air–fuel mixture in the combustion chambers.

Topic: Fluid Dynamics and Heat Transfer
Subfield: Computational Mechanics
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Warrior Race - A Journey Through The Land Of The Tribal Pathans

Imran Khan's family are Pathans from the fiercely independent tribal areas of the north-west frontier province of Pakistan and in this book he describes their way of life, culture and traditions. The author makes a journey through wild and hostile terrain, finding a proud and warlike people who received him with great generosity and quiet courtesy. Every Pathan male carries a gun and defends his independence and the honour of his family and his tribe, to the death.

Topic: South Asian Studies and Conflicts
Subfield: Political Science and International Relations
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
825. Downstream Processing of Supercoiled Plasmid DNA

The production of highly purified supercoiled plasmid DNA in large quantities for gene therapy is a prerequisit for the success of plasmid DNA as a therapeutic. The shift from small-scale plasmid production (for cell transfections at the benchtop level) to large-scale production for gene therapy and DNA vaccines poses new demands on the bacterial fermentation, bacterial lysate processing and the final purification of plasmid DNA. To meet these objectives a cost-effective and generic production process for plasmid DNA was developed.

Topic: Bacteriophages and microbial interactions
Subfield: Ecology
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
The Optimal Size of a Sports League

In this contribution, based on a simple theoretical approach, we try to show that the number of teams that is optimal to a monopoly league, being a cartel of clubs and acting in the interest of the participating or insider clubs only, is smaller than the welfare optimal number of teams in a league, which also takes into account the interests of the spectators.

Topic: Sports Analytics and Performance
Subfield: Economics and Econometrics
Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance
Domain: Social Sciences
“Crystal Is Creepy, but Cool”: Mapping Folk Theories and Responses to Automated Personality Recognition Algorithms

This article examines Crystal Knows, a company that generates automated personality profiles through an algorithm and sells access to their database. These algorithms are the result of a long line of research into computational and predictive algorithms that track social media practices and uses them to infer individual characteristics and make psychometric assessments. Although it is now computationally possible, these algorithms are not widely known or understood by the general public. Little is known about how people would respond to them, particularly when they do not even know their online activities are being assessed by the algorithm. This study examines how people construct “snap” folk theories about the ways personality algorithms operate as well as how they react when shown their outputs. Through qualitative interviews ( n = 37) with people after being presented with their own profile, this study identifies a series of folk theories that people came up with to explain the personality algorithm across four dimensions (data source, scope, collection process, and outputs). In addition, this study examined how those folk theories contributed to certain reactions, fears, and justifications people had about the algorithm. This study builds on our theoretical understanding of folk theory literature as well as certain limitations of algorithmic transparency/sovereignty when these types of inferential and predictive algorithms get coupled with people’s hopes and fears about employment, hiring, and promotion.

Topic: Ethics and Social Impacts of AI
Subfield: Safety Research
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
A REVIEW OF EFFECT OF YOGA IN INFERTILITY

Infertility is the most common gynecological problem. Ayurveda has a long tradition og supporting and promoting pregnancy. There is no any direct link between yoga and fertility, but it is found that yoga does have benefits for those who are trying to conceive. It is not substitute for medicines. A regular yoga practice may improve outcomes for women going through infertility treatment. That is yoga used in concert with conventional medical treatment may increase the chances of conception. Yoga is the ideal ayurvedic exercise because it rejuvenates the body, improves digestion and removes stress. Automatically, these supports to relieve from somewhat factors causing infertility like stress, anxiety, fear, depression, etc and it also regulates the menstrual cycle by balancing the tridoshas.

Topic: Dietary Effects on Health
Subfield: Physiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Franck's Sonata in A Major for Violin and Piano (1886) and Faure's Sonata No. 1 in A Major for Violin and Piano Op. 13 (1875-6), and: Sonate Nr. 2 e-Moll Opus 108 fur Violine und Klavier, and: Deuxieme Sonate Op. 117 fur Violoncello und Klavier, and: Elegie Op. 24 fur Violoncello und Klavier, and: Papillon op. 77 aus "Les Soirees Intimes" fur Violoncello und Klavier, and: Anthology of Selected Pieces for Cello and Piano, and: Elegie Op. 24, Sicilienne Op. 78 for Violoncello and Piano, and: Anthology of Selected Pieces for Flute and Piano, and: Anthology of Original Pieces for Violin and Piano, and: Dolly Op. 56 for Piano Duet, and: Pieces breves pour piano Op. 84, and: Sonata No. 1 Op. 13 for Violin and Piano (review)

Gabriel Fauré. Sonata No. 1 in A Major for Violin and Piano Op. 13 (1875-6). César Franck. Sonata in A Major for Violin and Piano (1886). Reprints of the Breitkopf & Härtel editions (Edition Breitkopf Nr. 2569 and Nr. 5234). Mineola, NY: Dover Publications, c1997. [Score, 84 p.; and part. ISBN 0-486-29703-9. $11.95.]

Topic: Musicology and Musical Analysis
Subfield: Music
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
CdSe and CdSe/CdS Nanorod Solids

We demonstrate the self-organization of CdSe nanorods into nematic, smectic, and crystalline solids. Layered colloidal crystals of CdSe nanorods grow by slow destabilization of a nanocrystal solution upon allowing the diffusion of a nonsolvent into the colloidal solution of nanocrystals. The colloidal crystals of nanorods show characteristic birefringence, which we assign to specific spherulite-like texture of each nanorod assembly. To demonstrate the general character of nanorod self-assembly technique, CdSe/CdS heterostructure nanorods were organized into highly luminescent superlattices.

Topic: Quantum Dots Synthesis And Properties
Subfield: Materials Chemistry
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Ureteroscopy clinical applications in urology

Objective:To investigate the ureteroscopy in the diagnosis and treatment of urological clinical value.Methods:From March 2004 to January 2010 ureteroscopic diagnosis and treatment techniques were 416 cases of urinary system diseases, including 387 cases of ureteroscopic therapy, used in diagnosis of 29 patients (side).Results:Ureteral calculi stones in the lower success rate was 96.8%(176/182), ureteral stone stone success rate was 69.6%(56/81).The diagnosis and treatment of urinary tract diseases in children under the application of ureteroscopy satisfactory effect.Lower urinary tract stones in adults, especially in patients with urethral stricture ureteroscopy good effect.19 patients for the diagnosis of minimally invasive way to clear the diagnosis.Operation failed in 4 cases, serious complications occurred in 12 cases.Conclu-sion:The wide clinical application in urology ureteroscopy for lower ureteral stones in the preferred ureteroscope, minimally invasive treatment for pediatric urology has unique advantages in other common urological diseases, application of minimally invasive diagnosis and treatment of choice.

Topic: Pediatric Urology and Nephrology Studies
Subfield: Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Goal Shifts Structure Memories and Prioritize Event-defining Information in Memory

Abstract Every day, we encounter far more information than we could possibly remember. Thus, our memory systems must organize and prioritize the details from an experience that can adaptively guide the storage and retrieval of specific episodic events. Prior work has shown that shifts in internal goal states can function as event boundaries, chunking experiences into distinct and memorable episodes. In addition, at short delays, memory for contextual information at boundaries has been shown to be enhanced compared with items within each event. However, it remains unclear if these memory enhancements are limited to features that signal a meaningful transition between events. To determine how changes in dynamic goal states influence the organization and content of long-term memory, we designed a 2-day experiment in which participants viewed a series of black-and-white objects surrounded by a color border on a two-by-two grid. The location of the object on the grid determined which of two tasks participants performed on a given trial. To examine if distinct types of goal shifts modulate the effects of event segmentation, we changed the border color, the task, or both after every four items in a sequence. We found that goal shifts influenced temporal memory in a manner consistent with the formation of distinct events. However, for subjective memory representations in particular, these effects differed by the type of event boundary. Furthermore, to examine if goal shifts lead to the prioritization of goal-relevant features in longer lasting memories, we tested source memory for each object's color and grid location both immediately and after a 24-hr delay. On the immediate test, boundaries enhanced the memory for all concurrent source features compared with nonboundary items, but only if those boundaries involved a goal shift. In contrast, after a delay, the source memory was selectively enhanced for the feature relevant to the goal shift. These findings suggest that goals can adaptively structure memories by prioritizing contextual features that define a unique episode in memory.

Topic: Memory Processes and Influences
Subfield: Cognitive Neuroscience
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences
Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Kecemasan Mahasiswa dalam Menghadapi Tugas Akhir

This study aims to look at the factors that influence students in facing their final project. This research method is quantitative research with a cross-sectional study design. The results showed that the average age of the respondents was 21 years, with the youngest 20 years old and the oldest 22 years old. Most (76.3%) of the research respondents were 45, and of the total respondents, the majority (64.9%) of 24 respondents experienced moderate anxiety. And 31 respondents (83.8%) have high family support then, strong peer influence is 31 respondents (83.8%), the influence of supervisors is vital to as many as 33 respondents (89.2%), and the influence of the environment good as many as 30 respondents (81.1%). The bivariate analysis results showed that the p-values ​​for all variables were &lt; 0.05. In conclusion, there is a significant relationship between support from family, peers, supervisors, and the environment with student anxiety in facing the final project.&#x0D; &#x0D; Keywords: Student, Anxiety, Nursing, Final Project

Topic: Education and Character Development
Subfield: Education
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Tomato Fruit Color Changes During Ripening On Vine

Tomato (<em>Lycopersicon esculentum</em> Mill.) hybrid 'Brooklyn' was investigated at the LRCAF Institute of Horticulture. For investigation, five green tomatoes, which were grown on vine, were selected. Color measurements were made in the greenhouse with the same selected tomato fruits (fruits were not harvested and were growing and ripening on tomato vine through all experiment) in every two days while tomatoes fruits became fully ripen. Study showed that color index L has tendency to decline and established determination coefficient (R<sup>2</sup>) was 0.9504. Also, hue angle has tendency to decline during tomato fruit ripening on vine and it’s coefficient of determination (R<sup>2</sup>) reached – 0.9739. Opposite tendency was determined with color index a*, which has tendency to increase during tomato ripening and that was expressed by polynomial trendline where coefficient of determination (R<sup>2</sup>) reached – 0.9592.

Topic: Horticultural and Viticultural Research
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Cost-effectiveness of Competing Strategies for the Treatment of Pediatric Empyema

BACKGROUND. The optimal management of pediatric empyema is controversial. The purpose of this decision analysis was to assess the relative merits in terms of costs and clinical outcomes associated with competing treatment strategies. METHODS. A cost-effectiveness analysis was conducted using a Bayesian tree approach. Probability and outcome estimates were derived from the published literature, with preference given to data derived from randomized trials. Costing was based on published estimates from Great Ormond Street Hospital (London, United Kingdom), supplemented by American and Canadian data. Five strategies were evaluated: (1) nonoperative; (2) chest tube insertion; (3) repeated thoracentesis; (4) chest tube insertion with instillation of fibrinolytics; or (5) video-assisted thorascopic surgery. The model was used to project overall costs, survival in life-years, and incremental cost-effectiveness ratios for competing strategies. RESULTS. In the base-case analysis, chest tube with instillation of fibrinolytics was the least expensive therapy, at $7787 per episode. This strategy was projected to cost less but provide equivalent health benefit when compared with all of the competing strategies except repeated thoracentesis, which had an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of approximately $6 422 699 per life-year gained relative to chest tube with instillation of fibrinolytics. In univariable and multivariable sensitivity analyses, thorascopic surgery was preferred only when the length of stay associated with chest tube with instillation of fibrinolytics exceeded 10.3 days or when the probability of dying as a result of this strategy exceeded 0.2%, assuming a threshold willingness to pay of $75 000 per life-year gained. Chest tube with instillation of fibrinolytics was preferred in &amp;gt;58% of Monte Carlo simulations. CONCLUSIONS. On the basis of the best available data, chest tube with instillation of fibrinolytics is the most cost-effective strategy for treating pediatric empyema. Video-assisted thorascopic surgery would be preferred to chest tube with instillation of fibrinolytics if the differential in length of stay between these 2 strategies were proven to be greater than that suggested by currently available data.

Topic: Pleural and Pulmonary Diseases
Subfield: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Metal on metal: removal of an extruding mandibular titanium reconstruction plate using a high-speed surgical drill

Plate extrusion is one of the most common complications following mandibular reconstruction with free vascularised bone flap, and partial plate extrusion commonly occurs.Patients who experience such complications often have compromised wound healing from previous surgery and radiation therapy.We describe a novel technique of segmental plate removal in which a high-speed electrical surgical drill with a 3.2-mm round burr was used to partially remove the exposed plate.This method was selected due to the precision and control that the burr provides, allowing for effective and precise removal of the exposed plate with minimal tissue damage.

Topic: Reconstructive Surgery and Microvascular Techniques
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Deciphering the evolution of the ovule genetic network through expression analyses in <i>Gnetum gnemon</i>

Abstract Background and aims The ovule is a synapomorphy of all seed plants (gymnosperms and angiosperms); however, there are some striking differences in ovules among the major seed plant lineages, such as the number of integuments or the orientation of the ovule. The genetics involved in ovule development have been well studied in the model species Arabidopsis thaliana, which has two integuments and anatropous orientation. This study is approached from what is known in arabidopsis, focusing on the expression patterns of homologues of four genes known to be key for the proper development of the integuments in arabidopsis: AINTEGUMENTA (ANT), BELL1, (BEL1), KANADIs (KANs) and UNICORN (UCN). Methods We used histology to describe the morphoanatomical development from ovules to seeds in Gnetum gnemon. We carried out spatiotemporal expression analyses in G. gnemon, a gymnosperm, which has a unique ovule morphology with an integument covering the nucellus, two additional envelopes where the outermost becomes fleshy as the seed matures, and an orthotropous orientation. Key Results Our anatomical and developmental descriptions provide a framework for expression analyses in the ovule of G. gnemon. Our expression results show that although ANT, KAN and UCN homologues are expressed in the inner integument, their spatiotemporal patterns differ from those found in angiosperms. Furthermore, all homologues studied here are expressed in the nucellus, revealing major differences in seed plants. Finally, no expression of the studied homologues was detected in the outer envelopes. Conclusions Altogether, these analyses provide significant comparative data that allows us to better understand the functional evolution of these gene lineages, providing a compelling framework for evolutionary and developmental studies of seeds. Our findings suggest that these genes were most likely recruited from the sporangium development network and became restricted to the integuments of angiosperm ovules.

Topic: Plant Molecular Biology Research
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
A Serious Game for Competence Development in Internet of Things and Knowledge Sharing

Internet of Things provides an ability to interact with, share the data, and expand the capabilities of the physical world in terms of computation, communication, and key control with humans through many new modalities devices in the connected network. Though the availability of the information and performance are higher at lower cost, the usage of such system becomes more complex with the advancement of technologies. The traditional ways like lecture-based and role-playing learning has developed one-sided learning and also expensive for the low-income people to acquire such knowledge. On the other hand, serious gaming has helped the users in acquiring new experiences and complex knowledge which are acquired through solving presented challenges whereby the user applies competency to solve these problems. This paper proposes serious gaming as a learning environment for gaining competence, knowledge, and experiences in IoT and knowledge sharing for the users. Moreover, the design of a serious game, effectiveness of ATMSG framework and evaluation results are also discussed.

Topic: Educational Games and Gamification
Subfield: Developmental and Educational Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Reciprocal Duplication of the Williams-Beuren Syndrome Deletion on Chromosome 7q11.23 Is Associated with Schizophrenia

Several copy number variants (CNVs) have been implicated as susceptibility factors for schizophrenia (SZ). Some of these same CNV also increase risk for autism spectrum disorders (ASD), suggesting an etiologic overlap between these conditions. Recently, de novo duplications of a region on chromosome 7q11.23 were associated with ASD. The reciprocal deletion of this region causes Williams-Beuren syndrome (WBS).

Topic: Williams Syndrome Research
Subfield: Developmental Neuroscience
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences
CoditT5: Pretraining for Source Code and Natural Language Editing

Pretrained language models have been shown to be effective in many software-related generation tasks; however, they are not well-suited for editing tasks as they are not designed to reason about edits. To address this, we propose a novel pretraining objective which explicitly models edits and use it to build CoditT5, a large language model for software-related editing tasks that is pretrained on large amounts of source code and natural language comments. We fine-tune it on various downstream editing tasks, including comment updating, bug fixing, and automated code review. By outperforming standard generation-based models, we demonstrate the generalizability of our approach and its suitability for editing tasks. We also show how a standard generation model and our edit-based model can complement one another through simple reranking strategies, with which we achieve state-of-the-art performance for the three downstream editing tasks.

Topic: Software Engineering Research
Subfield: Information Systems
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
THE PROBLEM OF FALSE TWIST OF YARN DURING SPINNING

The improvement of pneumatic-mechanical spinning machines producing high-quality yarn by pneumatic-mechanical means, with the aim of increasing the quality and reducing the cost of products manufactured in the textile and light industry, on a global scale requires the introduction of methods and means for eliminating factors that negatively affect the quality of products in the process of yarn spinning. The article theoretically studies the mechanism and process of false twisting, which affect the quality indicators of yarn obtained by the false twisting method. Also, the analysis of stopping and opening the false twisting device is conducted.

Topic: Textile materials and evaluations
Subfield: Polymers and Plastics
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences