jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Regional Training Manual

This publication was funded by the U. S. Agency for International Development (USAID) under the terms of cooperative Agreement Number HRN-A-00-98-00012-00. The opinions expressed herein are those of authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of USAID. Frontiers in Reproductive Health Program (FRONTIERS) seeks to improve people&amp;apos;s lives by enhancing services in family planning, safe motherhood, and other reproductive health areas. The Program conducts Operations Research in collaboration with developing-country organizations to design innovative interventions for improving services. One of the main goals is to communicate these research results so they can be utilized for program and policy development. FRONTIERS Program also works to build the capacity of local organizations to conduct operations research and utilize best practices that emerge from the studies.

Topic: Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances research
Subfield: Environmental Chemistry
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Extended X-ray absorption fine-structure studies of 3d ions in YBa<sub>2</sub>(Cu<sub>1-x</sub>M<sub>x</sub>)<sub>3</sub>O<sub>7- delta</sub>(x&lt;or=0.10; M identical to Mn, Fe, Co, Ni and Zn)

EXAFS measurements on 3d ions in samples of nominal composition YBa2(Cu1-xMx)3O7-delta (x less-than-or-equal-to 0.10; M = Mn, Fe, Co, Ni and Zn) were made in fluorescence mode using the synchrotron radiation source at Daresbury Laboratory. The standard Daresbury packages including the EXCURV90 program were used to identify the dopant site occupancy and to evaluate the coordination number and bond lengths. It is found, perhaps for the first time, that the Mn2+ ion occupies the Cu(1) chain site in the 1:2:3 lattice. The occupancy of the Cu(1) site by Fe and Co dopants is confirmed. Ni ions are distributed nearly equally between Cu(1) chain and Cu(2) plane sites. For x &gt; 0.03, some of the Ni separates out as NiO and the maximum Ni content in the 1:2:3 compound has been estimated to be 4 +/- 1 at.%. No useful data could be obtained for Zn dopant owing to interference from the adjacent Cu K edge in the 1:2:3 compound. An attempt has been made to interpret the observed drop in T(c) due to substitution on the basis of EXAFS findings.

Topic: Rare-earth and actinide compounds
Subfield: Condensed Matter Physics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Charitable Women And Their Pious Foundations In The Ottoman Empire: The Hospital of The Senior Mother,

The understanding of mutual help and social solidarity underlies the institution of the wakf, pious foundation. This institution, with its social, economic, religious, legal and cultural contributions to human life, could maintain its existence from a distant past to the present. It has been satisfying a number of varied but crucial social functions. However, the wakf could embody its institutional identity as well as a robust legal framework under Islam more than any other religion. It became a well-established entity with its extensive functions penetrating almost in every realm of public life during Ottoman period. In the Orientalist literature built on the Ottoman society, accounts are presented either with distortion or with exaggeration especially when the subject is the woman. In much of the Orientalist literature especially the seraglio, harem, is put under the limelight, and the woman is represented as nothing more than a sexual object, who is not entitled to any rights in society, and whose life amounts to sitting at home and bearing children. Quite on the contrary, however, studies conducted on the basis of archival documents show that the woman used to enjoy an active role and status in Ottoman society. For example, it comes to our knowledge that there were many women, especially royal women, among the founders of numerous wakf institutions. The present essay is a case study depicting just one of such institutions established by Nurbanu Valide Sultan. The wakf by-law of the darussifa (hospital) to which Nurbanu Valide Sultan devoted a great deal of charity is elaborated in detail. The section on the hospital attached to the trust deed of Nurbanu

Topic: Islamic Studies and History
Subfield: Political Science and International Relations
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
LHD nb1pwr_PortThrough #156426.1 (analyzed)

Neutral beam injector (NBI) power-PortThrough of beam line 1 (BL1). The effective power that actually reaches the plasma after the negative ion-based neutral particle beam emitted from the NBI system passes through BL1.

Topic: Circular RNAs in diseases
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Privatization of Life Insurance in India-Successful or Not?

The Life Insurance sector was privatized in India with an objective of bolstering the social security system and enhancing 'Insurance Inclusion' amongst the vast population of the country. But the private companies are commercial organization. The policies related with these life insurance companies, have always been an imperative issue for concerned stakeholders considering the corpus of fund and the underlying objective of the fund. After a decade of privatization of the insurance sector it becomes imperative to study the performance of private companies and their contribution to the economy. There is a need to study the investment pattern of private life insurance companies and the trends in their performance individually, as well as against the industry. The given research is an empirical effort to analyze the performance of life insurance companies in India in the post insurance liberalization era.

Topic: Insurance and Financial Risk Management
Subfield: Economics and Econometrics
Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance
Domain: Social Sciences
P1-431 Social support networks and mental health: evidence from share

Introduction This study investigates whether the social support networks (SSNs) of older Europeans exert a causal influence on their mental health. The manner in which social support influences mental health has been characterised by two psychological models. The main effects hypothesis predicts that individuals with strong social support experience higher levels of well-being than those with weak social support. According to the stress-buffering hypothesis, it is only upon exposure to unexpected negative life events that individuals with weaker levels of social support are adversely affected. Methods The dataset used comprises over 60 000 observations from adults aged 50+, from two waves of the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (2004 &amp; 2006), including the EURO-D scale of depressive mood. Cluster analysis of objective criteria such as proximity of family members and support-exchange identified four SSN types: self-contained; spouse-reliant; family-dependent; and family and community integrated. Networks differed in terms of socio-demographic indicators. Personal characteristics were controlled for and standard panel data techniques determined whether omitted variables such as personality were driving the relationship between network type and depressive mood. Results Among women, weak SSNs were associated with higher EURO-D scores (main effects hypothesis). This relationship appears to be mediated through feelings of loneliness. We found no evidence that network membership either exacerbates or mitigates the effect of negative life events on depressive mood for either gender (buffer hypothesis). Conclusion Enhanced social support provides a mechanism for alleviating depressive mood, which was found to be mediated through feelings of loneliness.

Topic: Health disparities and outcomes
Subfield: Health
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Soil fertilization of Sarracenia seedlings

Conventional wisdom has it that soil fertilization is dangerous for carnivorous plants. A grower may get away with it once or twice with great results but the next time wipe out their whole collection. I have seen this on a small scale with volunteers at the University of California, Davis, Botanical Conservatory multiple times. At first the plants are truly stunning. Give them one treatment too many or at the wrong time and all the plants die. We are talking hundreds of plants.

Topic: Plant and Biological Electrophysiology Studies
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Processing multidimensional optical video surveillance signals for triangulation scanner linearization algorithm

This article was described some features of processing multidimensional optical video surveillance signals for triangulation scanner linearization algorithm. So, exactly: the obtainment source data, measurement point's coordinate by physical location of target object, measurement coordinate of their points at photosensitive matrix coordinate system, the rating the operator transform from photosensitive matrix coordinate system to physical coordinate system. The result of linearization quality by the root mean square value was showed at conclusion. RMS value was calculated by real and measuring point's coordinate of some part of scanner measuring filed.

Topic: Optical measurement and interference techniques
Subfield: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Labor market flexibility, flexicurity and employment : lessons of the Baltic States

Introduction Labour market developments in the Baltic states Demographic development and challenges for employment change in the Baltic states Labour market flexibility and flexicurity Job flows and worker flows in the Baltic states: labour reallocation and structural changes Macro-level labour market flexibility in the Baltic states Social protection systems and labour market policies in the Baltic states Conclusion Index.

Topic: Employment and Welfare Studies
Subfield: General Health Professions
Field: Health Professions
Domain: Health Sciences
Abstract 5609: Characteristics of triple-negative breast cancer in patients with a <i>BRCA1</i> mutation, results from a population-based study of young women

Abstract BACKGROUND: Triple-negative breast cancers (TNBC) are tumors with low or no expression of estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, or human epidermal growth factor receptor-2. These tumors have a poor prognosis, remain a clinical challenge, and are more common among women with BRCA1 mutations. We tested whether there are distinguishing features of TNBC after BRCA1 mutation status has been taken into account. METHODS: We sequenced BRCA1/2 genes in a population-based sample of 1,469 incident breast cancer patients aged 20-49 years from Los Angeles County. Information on tumor receptor status was available for 1,167 women. Clinical, pathologic and hormone-related lifestyle characteristics were compared across patient subgroups defined by BRCA1-mutation status and triple-negative receptor status. RESULTS: Forty-eight percent of BRCA1 mutation carriers had TNBC in contrast with only 12% of non-carriers. Within BRCA1 mutation carriers, as well as within non-carriers, triple-negative receptor status was associated with younger age at diagnosis and higher tumor grade. Among women without a BRCA1 mutation we observed that women with TNBC had higher premenopausal body mass index and earlier age at first full-term pregnancy than those with non-TNBC. Age at menarche and other reproductive factors were not associated with triple-negative status regardless of BRCA1 mutation status. Within BRCA1 mutation carriers, Ashkenazi Jewish women were about 5 times more likely to have TNBC than non-Ashkenazi Jewish women. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that among BRCA1 mutation carriers, as among non-carriers, there are unique characteristics associated with the triple-negative subtype. The finding in Ashkenazi Jewish BRCA1 mutation carriers should be confirmed. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5609. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-5609

Topic: BRCA gene mutations in cancer
Subfield: Genetics
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
What would make them read more? Insights from Western Australian adolescents

The link between recreational book reading and improved literacy performance is consistently supported by educational research. Increasing engagement in recreational book reading remains imperative for English teachers, though how to best facilitate this in a secondary context is an object of contention, with limited research in this field. The West Australian Study in Adolescent Book Reading explored attitudes and engagement in recreational book reading. Student responses provide valuable insight directly from the target group that can help to shape best practice for adolescent literacy educators. Findings are presented around six key themes, and include strategies for choice, access to attractive and diverse books, time availability, time allocation, concentration and encouragement.

Topic: Reading and Literacy Development
Subfield: Developmental and Educational Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Réduction des délais de publication du Document Modificatif du Parcellaire Cadastral

The Cadastral Parcel Correction Document is a shuttle document, allowing to ensure the concordance between the real estate file and the cadastral information. During a parcel division, for example, the publication of the DMPC accompanying the act to the Land Publicity Department allows the cadastral numbering of new parcels created. In the absence of the latter, parcels do not formally exist at the cadaster and cannot be divided in return or subject to boundary changes. The current processing time of the publication is of the order of 9 months, which prevents any overlapping operations or forces to anticipate any future division, considerably increasing the development of the development operations and impacting all the actors of the construction chain. Thus, at the time of the digital transformation, simplification measures to overcome these issues are needed, including a specific solution for professionals who are most affected by this problem. However, these measures must be accompanied by an evolution of land registration law that is no longer fully adapted to current realities.

Topic: French Urban and Social Studies
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
ArrowSAM: In-Memory Genomics Data Processing Using Apache Arrow

&lt;p&gt;The rapidly growing size of genomics data bases, driven by advances in sequencing technologies, demands fast and cost-effective processing. However, processing this data creates many challenges, particularly in selecting appropriate algorithms and computing platforms. Computing systems need data closer to the processor for fast processing. Traditionally, due to cost, volatility and other physical constraints of DRAM, it was not feasible to place large amounts of working data sets in memory. However, new emerging storage class memories allow storing and processing big data closer to the processor. In this work, we show how the commonly used genomics data format, Sequence Alignment/Map (SAM), can be presented in the Apache Arrow in-memory data representation to benefit of in-memory processing and to ensure better scalability through shared memory objects, by avoiding large (de)-serialization overheads in cross-language interoperability. To demonstrate the benefits of such a system, we propose ArrowSAM, an in-memory SAM format that uses the Apache Arrow framework, and integrate it into genome pre-processing pipelines including BWA-MEM, Picard and Sambamba. Results show 15x and 2.4x speedups as compared to Picard and Sambamba, respectively. The code and scripts for running all workflows are freely available at https://github.com/abs-tudelft/ArrowSAM.&lt;/p&gt;

Topic: Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Active pulmonary tuberculosis with predominant radiologic findings of Clustered Micronodules (CMs) with large nodular opacity consist of coalescent micronodules in a 79-year-old male patient.

&lt;p&gt;(&lt;b&gt;A&lt;/b&gt;) A pre-diagnostic CT image taken 2 months before the diagnosis of active pulmonary TB. There are CMs along the thickened dilated small airways (&lt;i&gt;arrow&lt;/i&gt;) in the right upper lobe. A central coalescence is not evident at the pre-diagnostic CT scan. (&lt;b&gt;B&lt;/b&gt;) A diagnostic CT image shows the progression of CMs into a large pulmonary nodular opacity with central coalescence (&lt;i&gt;arrow&lt;/i&gt;), which can mimic ‘sarcoid galaxy sign’. Some of dilated small airways are obscured by the central coalescence.&lt;/p&gt;

Topic: Genetic and Environmental Crop Studies
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Evaluating the ‘skin disease-avoidance’ and ‘dangerous animal’ frameworks for understanding trypophobia

Trypophobia refers to the extreme negative reaction when viewing clusters of circular objects. Two major evolutionary frameworks have been proposed to account for trypophobic visual discomfort. The <i>skin disease-avoidance</i> (SD) framework proposes that trypophobia is an over-generalised response to stimuli resembling pathogen-related skin diseases. The <i>dangerous animal</i> (DA) framework posits that some dangerous organisms and trypophobic stimuli share similar visual characteristics. Here, we performed the first experimental manipulations which directly compare these two frameworks by superimposing trypophobic imagery onto multiple image categories to evaluate changes in comfort. Participants from two countries (United States and Croatia) were evaluated on several measures, including general trypophobia levels, perceived vulnerability to disease, and generalised anxiety. Several analyses showed stronger changes in comfort in the human skin condition (hand, feet, and chest images) compared to the dangerous animal condition (snake and spider images). Furthermore, participants with higher levels of trypophobia showed significantly stronger changes in comfort in the skin condition than the dangerous animal condition, with comparable effects obtained across nationalities. Several variables entered as covariates failed to significantly account for this effect. The present work is the first to experimentally test both evolutionary frameworks of trypophobia, with results supporting the skin disease-avoidance framework.

Topic: Psychology of Moral and Emotional Judgment
Subfield: Cognitive Neuroscience
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences
Elite Coach Perceptions of Cohesion on Coacting Teams

This study explored the knowledge and perceptions of elite coacting sport coaches as applied to team cohesion. Six experienced university cross-country running coaches who achieved high levels of success and recognition were purposefully chosen and interviewed for this study. Results demonstrated that these coaches valued cohesion and felt it played an integral role in developing team success and satisfaction, despite facing barriers such as intrateam competition and rivalry. Purposeful recruiting, choosing effective team leaders, setting and monitoring team goals, and encouraging social events were some strategies utilized to enhance cohesion and establish positive relationships among teammates. These findings provide a greater understanding of the knowledge of elite coacting coaches and cohesion.

Topic: Sport Psychology and Performance
Subfield: Developmental and Educational Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Azimuthal anisotropy of the crust and uppermost mantle in northeast North China Craton from inversion of Rayleigh wave phase velocity

We imaged the azimuthal anisotropy of Rayleigh wave phase velocity (10–60 s) in northeast North China Craton using the teleseismic data recorded by a dense temporary array, and then inverted for the 3-D azimuthal anisotropy of the crust and uppermost mantle (20–110 km). The results reveal that the azimuthal anisotropy varies both horizontally and vertically. Obvious stratified azimuthal anisotropy is shown in the Central Orogenic Belt, where the fast direction is NE–SW to NNE–SSW in the depth range of 20–40 km and changes to NW–SE to NWW–SEE in the depth range of 60–110 km. In the depth range of 30–40 km, a prominent low velocity belt is shown on the southwest of Zhangjiakou-Penglai fault zone (ZPFZ) and the fast direction is subparallel to the strike of the low velocity belt. Distinct lateral variations of azimuthal anisotropy are clearly shown at 110 km. Our results provide new evidence for the existence of upwelling asthenosphere beneath the Datong volcano and support the assumption that ZPFZ may act as the channel of upwelling asthenosphere. Historical strong earthquakes (M ≥ 6.0) mainly occurred in the transition zone between low and high velocity anomalies in the upper and middle crust. The upwelling asthenosphere may prompt the generation of large earthquake.

Topic: High-pressure geophysics and materials
Subfield: Geophysics
Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences
Domain: Physical Sciences
Tunnel current through a redox molecule coupled to classical phonon modes in the strong tunneling limit

The tunnel current through a redox molecule coupled to classical phonon modes is calculated in the strong tunneling limit in the Born-Oppenhiemer approximation. The effective ``potential energy'' of the phonon modes is introduced in the steady state of the in situ scanning tunneling microscope system. The expression for the tunnel current is obtained by using thermal averaging over this potential energy calculated within the spinless model in the wideband approximation. The dependence of the tunnel current on the width of the valence level of the redox molecule, the bias voltage, and the overvoltage is studied and discussed. The results of calculations of the tunnel current and the spectral density are used for interpretation of the experimental data obtained by Tao [Phys. Rev. Lett. 76, 4066 (1996)] and Visoly-Fisher et al. [Proc. Natt. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 103, 8686 (2006)].

Topic: Quantum and electron transport phenomena
Subfield: Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences