jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Alpha 1-adrenergic receptor stimulated responses.

alpha 1 Receptors have been investigated using a variety of experimental approaches. alpha 1-Receptor stimulation of phosphoinositide (PI) hydrolysis shows differences in agonist efficacy. The potency series and antagonists clearly suggest that alpha 1 receptors are coupled to phosphoinositide hydrolysis. This coupling appears to be mediated by a guanine nucleotide protein coupling the agonist-receptor complex to the phosphoinositide phosphodiesterase. However, certain alpha 1-agonists stimulate phosphoinositide hydrolysis only at very high concentrations that are not sensitive to prazosin antagonism. Other studies on alpha 1-receptor desensitization note discrepancies in coupling to phosphoinositide hydrolysis that are also found when comparing hypertensive (SHR) and normotensive (WKY) rats. Furthermore, molecular studies indicate that the apparent molecular weight of the alpha 1 receptors varies among tissues. These studies suggest heterogeneity in alpha 1 receptors and alpha 1-receptor-mediated responses. This heterogeneity is supported by studies on alpha 1-adrenergic-receptor-mediated decreases in angiotensin II receptors. The response to alpha 1 stimulation is opposite to that found with phorbol esters, which mimic the second messenger response to PI hydrolysis. Thus, these studies suggest that alpha 1-adrenergic receptors are coupled to multiple second messenger responses, one of which is phosphoinositide hydrolysis.

Topic: Receptor Mechanisms and Signaling
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Vaginal pH Measurement as a Strategy for the Early Diagnosis of Vulvovaginal Atrophy in the Development of Menopause

Objective: Most studies use clinical examination and evaluation of symptoms as subjective forms for the diagnosis of vaginal atrophy. Vaginal hormonal cytology and vaginal pH are objective forms commonly used, however, mainly for treatment control purposes. Despite the relevance of the early diagnosis of vaginal atrophy, we are not aware of studies that objectively or subjectively evaluate the evolution of the parameters with this intention. The aim of the study was to assess if the instruments most used in scientific studies for indication and follow-up of AVV therapy could be used for the early diagnosis of AVV. Methods: The sample consisted of 40 women, 21 in the menopausal/ premenopausal transition (Group 1) and 19 in the postmenopausal (Group 2), between 40 and 65 years old. Results: It was observed that the set of parameters evaluated, such as: symptoms, clinical examination, vaginal pH, cell maturation value and questionnaire, mainly when used in an associated way, suggest being efficient for the diagnosis of AVV. In general, the observed changes in pH measurement show a good association with cell cytology, which was very characteristic in the two experimental groups (pre and postmenopausal). In addition, pH also showed good association with clinical examination parameters and the main symptoms and signs of menopause. Conclusion: Finally, the results herein shown seems to be promising in relation to the use of vaginal pH measurement as a “tool” for the early diagnosis of AVV.

Topic: Menopause: Health Impacts and Treatments
Subfield: Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Porous Polycrystalline Silicon Thin Film Solar Cells: Final Report, 24 May 1999--24 May 2002

The initial focus of this project was to build on previous work performed in our group and investigate the use of porous polycrystalline silicon (Psi) as an active material in a solar cell to take advantage of potential bandgap tuning, light trapping, and blue-harvesting photoluminescence effects. However, through our work on various substrate materials, we have found that the electrical characteristics of thick (several microns) PSi layers needed for active devices are extremely sensitive to the substrate doping profiles and crystalline morphology. This sensitivity makes reproducibility difficult even in a well-controlled research environment, and therefore, prospects for commercial thick-film PSi devices are limited. We have now focused our investigation on the use of thin PSi layers for antireflective coating applications. By isolating these layers in the heavily doped surface region of a solar cell, the electrical properties of the p-n junction are relatively unaffected. Provided that good electrical contacts can be made to the material under the porous layer, the electrical properties of the PSi film are not critical, and only the optical properties need to be optimized.

Topic: Thin-Film Transistor Technologies
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
The Functional Consequences of Rectal Cancer Surgery

Total Mesorectal Excision (TME) represents the basis of treatment for rectal cancer. Oncological outcomes have improved significantly over the last 20 years, and now there is a shift towards reporting functional outcomes. Bowel, bladder and sexual function are frequently affected following TME, due to the intimate relationship between the rectum and other pelvic structures. 'Anterior Resection Syndrome' is present in 60-90% post-op. The duration of symptoms is quoted between six months and several years. Quality of life alone is not an indication to choose primary anastomosis over end colostomy, but the impact of different surgical techniques on GI disturbance is not well known. Pre-operative radiotherapy is associated with increased stool frequency and incontinence. Sexual function is more commonly affected after rectal surgery than urinary function, particularly in males. Urogenital functional outcomes in females are less well reported. Laparoscopic and robotic surgery allows better visualisation of autonomic nerves and therefore more precise dissection and preservation. It is important that procedures are standardised as much as possible, and that new research into functional outcomes uses validated outcome questionnaires, so that there is a body of homogeneous data available for metaanalysis.

Topic: Colorectal Cancer Surgical Treatments
Subfield: Oncology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Youth and Age: Families of Wealthy Commoners in Late Medieval Dubrovnik

The author discusses the intergenerational relationships in the wealthy commoner's families of Dubrovnik.The research was based on notarial documents, mostly testaments and marriage contracts, as well as on the treatise On Trade and the Perfect Merchant written by the distinguished Ragusan merchant Benedict Cotruglio (Kotruljevic) in 1458.The results were compared with those of David Rheubottom in his study on Dubrovnik's nobility, as well as with research cunducted by Zdenka Janekovic Romer and Nenad Vekaric.

Topic: Balkan and Eastern European Studies
Subfield: Economics and Econometrics
Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance
Domain: Social Sciences
Law Enforcement Employees’ Perceptions of Performance Appraisals in a Medium-Size, Suburban Police Department

The purpose of this qualitative case study was to investigate how police officers in a medium-size, suburban police department perceived performance appraisals and the effects of performance appraisals on job satisfaction and job performance. This study also examined the impacts of job satisfaction and job performance on organizations. One-on-one participant interviews were conducted, and thematic coding was utilized to capture the dominant themes associated with the police officers’ perceptions of performance appraisals. Twelve police officers from a medium-size, suburban police department in New Jersey participated in the study, and their anonymity was maintained to elicit transparent responses. This dissertation was conducted within a department of mostly Caucasian male employees. Future research conducted on this subject could utilize a sample pool with greater race and gender diversity. Studies could investigate the ways appraisals affect the world of policing and further explore the relationship of gender- and race-linked factors to job satisfaction and performance. This study may provide further incentive for job candidates of various genders and races to pursue the policing profession.

Topic: Policing Practices and Perceptions
Subfield: Political Science and International Relations
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
One‐pass 3‐D depth migration without splitting error compensation

PreviousNext No AccessSEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 1997One‐pass 3‐D depth migration without splitting error compensationAuthors: Hongbo ZhouGeorge A. McMechanHongbo ZhouCenter for Lithospheric Studies, The Univ. of Texas at Dallas and George A. McMechanCenter for Lithospheric Studies, The Univ. of Texas at Dallashttps://doi.org/10.1190/1.1885743 SectionsAboutPDF/ePub ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinked InReddit Permalink: https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1885743FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 1997 ISSN (print):1052-3812 ISSN (online):1949-4645 Copyright: 1997 Pages: 2067 publication data© 1997 Copyright © 1997 Society of Exploration GeophysicistsPublisher:Society of Exploration Geophysicists HistoryPublished Online: 10 Feb 2005 CITATION INFORMATION Hongbo Zhou and George A. McMechan, (1997), "One‐pass 3‐D depth migration without splitting error compensation," SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts : 1654-1657. https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1885743 Plain-Language Summary PDF DownloadLoading ...

Topic: Seismic Imaging and Inversion Techniques
Subfield: Geophysics
Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences
Domain: Physical Sciences
Comparison of top and bottom loading of a dextran gradient for rat pancreatic islet purification.

Rat pancreatic islet yields obtained with dextran gradient purification were compared after suspending the digest into either the top or the bottom layer of the gradient. A 5-layer discontinuous gradient was used, which consisted of 16 ml 31% dextran as bottom layer, overlayered with 25%, 23%, 20% and 11% dextran (4 ml each). When the digest of 1 rat pancreas was suspended into the top layer of the gradient, the total number of islets obtained from the 11-20, 20-23 and 23-25% interfaces was 862 +/- 38, 240 +/- 39 and 54 +/- 5, respectively. From this gradient, also 1409 +/- 81 islets were retrieved from the bottom layer (i.e., exocrine pellet). In contrast, when the pancreas digest was suspended into the bottom layer of the gradient, 1964 +/- 63, 435 +/- 42, and 177 +/- 34 islets were obtained from the successive interfaces, and only 50 +/- 20 islets from the exocrine pellet. The total islet volume obtained from the two uppermost interfaces was 3.46 +/- 0.31 microliters after top-loading, and 4.93 +/- 0.16 microliters after bottom-loading (n = 7, p < 0.01). When the islets retrieved from one bottom loaded gradient were transplanted into either 1 (n = 6) or 2 (n = 9) diabetic recipients, glucose levels normalized in all instances. We therefore conclude that a bottom-loaded dextran gradient separates islets from exocrine tissue effectively, resulting in significantly higher islet yields than obtained with a top-loaded dextran gradient.

Topic: Pancreatic function and diabetes
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Jerusalem in Bible times

city and then falls rapidly in a southwesterly direction, continually approaching the eastern wall. At a point opposite the southeast corner of the city, it lies 200 feet below its source. Between this point and its junction with the other main valley it falls 300 feet more. In this portion of its course it is known as Wady Sitti Maryam, or Valley of the Lady Mary, being so named from the Virgin's Fountain that lies in its midst. Below its junction with the other main valley it is known as W&dy en-Nar, or Valley of Fire. This falls rapidly between lofty cliffs to the Dead Sea, I,300 feet below sea-level.

Topic: Archaeology and Historical Studies
Subfield: Archeology
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Prevalence and factors associated with higher levels of perceived stigma among people with schizophrenia Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Abstract Background Schizophrenia is a severe and disabling chronic mental disorder and accompanied by different levels of a perceived stigma that affects almost all age groups. This perceived stigma negatively impacts the quality of life, physical, and mental well-being of people with schizophrenia. It is also linked with a poor level of functioning, poor adherence to drugs, and increased dropout rate. However, research into perceived stigma and associated factors among people with schizophrenia in low- and middle-income countries are limited. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the perceived stigma and correlates among people with schizophrenia in Ethiopia. Methods An institution based cross-sectional study was conducted from May to June 2018. A structured, pre-tested, and interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to collect data. The standardized perceived devaluation and discrimination questionnaire was used to assess perceived stigma. The systematic random sampling technique was used to select study participants. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with perceived stigma. An odds ratio (OR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) was computed to assess the strength of the association. Results The prevalence of high perceived stigma was found to be 62.6% [95% CI 58.3, 67.4]. In the multivariate logistic regression, female sex [AOR = 2.30, 95% CI 1.42, 3.71], age of onset of schizophrenia [AOR = 1.85, 95% CI 1.19, 2.89], multiple hospitalizations [AOR = 1.7, 95% CI 1.16, 3.27], and duration of illness 1–5 years [AOR = 2, 95% CI 1.01, 3.27], 6–10 years [AOR = 2.48, 95% CI 1.29, 4.74], and ˃10 years [AOR = 2.85, 95% CI 1.40, 5.79] were factors significantly associated with higher perceived stigma. Conclusion In the present study, the prevalence of high perceived stigma among people with schizophrenia was found to be 62.6%. Female sex, age of onset of schizophrenia, multiple hospitalizations, and duration of illness were factors significantly associated with higher perceived stigma. Measures to enhance the awareness of the patients, their families and their social networks about perceived stigma and associated factors, by the leading government and healthcare institutions are warranted.

Topic: Mental Health Treatment and Access
Subfield: Social Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Empirical investigation of a quantum field theory of forward rates

A new test of a wide class of interest rate models is proposed and applied to a recently developed quantum field theoretic model and the industry standard Heath-Jarrow-Morton model. This test is independent of the volatility function unlike other tests previously proposed in the literature. It is found that the HJM model is inconsistent with the data while the quantum field theoretic model is in significant agreement with data. We also show that a portion of the spread between long and short term interest rates is explicable in terms of this model.

Topic: Stochastic processes and financial applications
Subfield: Finance
Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance
Domain: Social Sciences
Innovative potential of future teachers in the information space

The article highlights the importance of developing the innovative potential of future teachers during their professional training. It emphasizes modern requirements in both the theoretical and practical aspects of training within the information space, especially when using innovative teaching tools. The analysis covers the results of experimental work aimed at fostering the innovative potential of future educators in this digital environment. The initial findings from the starting phase of the experiment reveal low levels of development in the innovative potential of future teachers. However, the formative stage of the study showed significant positive changes in the development levels of the students' innovative potential, aligning with the initial results. This demonstrates the effectiveness of the pedagogical conditions we created to enhance the innovative potential of future teachers within their professional training environment.

Topic: Education and Professional Development
Subfield: Education
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Permanent magnet synchronous motor drive with wheel slip control in traction application

The analysis of a permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) for the traction application with wheel slip control has been presented in this paper. The application demands of Permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) drives in electric traction have been increased to a great extent. The proposed PMSM drive has been integrated with the traction load model which provides us with extremely useful insight into the nature of traction load. The simulation results clearly indicate a high load torque during the acceleration which reduces once the acceleration period is over and the train resumes pure rolling motion. The proposed traction drive has been modeled with wheel slip control strategy which demonstrates how the wheel slip ratio can be controlled to make optimal use of force of adhesion between train wheels and track so as to allow maximum acceleration. The proposed scheme has been modeled to operate at any desired slip. The traction drive accelerates under the influence of slip ratio controller at the desired slip until the reference speed is reached. Once the train reaches the desired speed, the speed controller takes control and maintains the speed at desired value.

Topic: Electric Motor Design and Analysis
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Supplementary Figure legends from USP44&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; Cancer Stem Cell Subclones Contribute to Breast Cancer Aggressiveness by Promoting Vasculogenic Mimicry

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figure legends. Figure legends for Supplementary Figure 1-3.&lt;/p&gt;

Topic: Circular RNAs in diseases
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Centralized standards and local taxation in municipal waste management

Abstract In the EU, standards for municipal waste sorting and recycling are established by the European central institutions, being mostly based on the available estimates of recyclable materials. In a simple model of co‐production in municipal waste management with local taxation, we assess that central bodies enjoy more discretion and can set more ambitious targets in jurisdictions with stronger environmental preferences and/or lower expenditure needs. Incentives to engage in waste sorting and recycling are found to be less powerful with citizens who are less sensitive to the environmental preservation, and all the more when the public input has a high cost. This points to the conclusion that standards should be differentiated across jurisdictions, with due consideration of the local preferences and costs of waste management.

Topic: Economic and Environmental Valuation
Subfield: Economics and Econometrics
Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance
Domain: Social Sciences
Equity, pedagogy and inclusion. Harnessing digital technologies to support higher education access and success

Australia is striving to reach a 20 per cent across-the-board higher education target participation rate for students from low socio-economic backgrounds by 2020. This paper focuses on enabling higher education access for students who might otherwise be excluded by complex socio-economic circumstances. Digital learning and communication tools provide a vital pathway to higher education and a means of re-engineering pedagogies to better meet students’ learning needs, especially when students cannot access regular on campus face-to-face teaching. On-line learning enables both access to higher education and effective ways of engaging students with learning, especially those who are isolated by location or by circumstances associated with work and family commitments. This paper focuses on broad-brush factors students say supported their study success while undertaking an externally delivered, on-line teaching degree. It reports on students’ decision to study and their subsequent on-line study experiences, progression and outcomes. Analyses of students’ perceptions indicated the value of on-line pedagogy supported by ‘face-to-face’ interaction (albeit at a distance) with academics. While students wanted to study externally and on-line and in their ‘own time’ and at their own ‘pace’, all valued a personal, on-going relationship with their lecturer, teacher or other university-based mentor. Overwhelmingly, students , found the on-line learning relatively straightforward to navigate, practical and rewarding, but all wanted conversations with a “real person” although this could be on the phone, in a video conference/Skype situation or as part of a remote site ‘tutorial’ or consultation.

Topic: Higher Education Practises and Engagement
Subfield: Education
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Allocation of Resources to Research and Development. Volume 4. The Problem of Comparisons and Forecasts of Soviet Ground Weapons Technology and RDT/E for Net Assessments and US Army R and D Planning - A Preliminary View

The volume provides a preliminary view on the methods by which foreign intelligence, particularly Soviet, might be integrated into the R+D planning and decision-making process. It examines the need for, and suggests the content of, net assessments of current US and Soviet technology, considers the problem of utilizing foreign intelligence in long-range estimates, and suggests a method of integrating available intelligence into the planning and concept formulation process. Since R+D decisions are not made in an economic/political/ doctrinal vacuum, the paper outlines factors in these areas which should also be considered in order to understand the context of the Soviet decision-making process.

Topic: Hermeneutics and Narrative Identity
Subfield: Philosophy
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Supplementary Figure S1 from Intratumoral Heterogeneity in a &lt;i&gt;Trp53&lt;/i&gt;-Null Mouse Model of Human Breast Cancer

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figure S1. Genetic characterization of the four individual subpopulations (PCR and CGH analysis).&lt;/p&gt;

Topic: Molecular Biology Techniques and Applications
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
To Measure What Isn’t There — Visual Exploration of Missingness Structures Using Quality Metrics: supplemental material

Supplemental material for: Johansson Fernstad, S., Alsufyani, S., Del-Din, S., Yarnall, A., &amp; Rochester, L. (2025). "To Measure What Isn’t There — Visual Exploration of Missingness Structures Using Quality Metrics". Under review. <br> Collection includes three datasets with synthetically generated structural missingness, and a document containing larger versions of figures in the main manuscript.

Topic: Bacterial Infections and Vaccines
Subfield: Microbiology
Field: Immunology and Microbiology
Domain: Life Sciences