jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Digital Presence in the Time of COVID-19: Reflections on Past, Present and Future Strategies Using Digital Technologies at Swansea University's Egypt Centre

The Egypt Centre houses around 6,000 artefacts from the ancient Mediterranean and is internationally recognised for innovation in widening participation and education. The museum plays an integral role in teaching and research across Swansea University and was awarded The Queen’s Award for Voluntary Service (2018) for its volunteer programme. Officially opened to the public and students in 1998, the museum was pioneering as it made its complete collection available online (2005). It has recently revamped its online catalogue, which includes a number of additional digital educational resources. This paper reflects upon the impact of COVID-19 on teaching, research and public engagement that takes place at the Egypt Centre. In doing so, it will provide a debrief of the museum’s switch from face-to-face to online engagement with students, researchers and the wider public over the past 18 months (part one). It will then discuss the aims, development and launch of the new online catalogue (in October 2020). This section (part two) will introduce the development and key features of the online catalogue, including visitor engagement with interactive ‘trails’ amongst other highlights. Finally, it will review the role of students as co-creators and users of the museum’s resources (part three). Ultimately, this article considers how the new website will provide greater levels of interactivity to correlate with the needs of a diverse community of users, allowing both students and the public improved access to the collection. This complements the object-centred learning approach that the Egypt Centre champions.

Topic: Museums and Cultural Heritage
Subfield: Museology
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Rethinking R.W. Connell's Masculinity Theory: Toward a Gender Analysis of the Hegemonic Struggles of Masculinities

Masculinity studies in Japan have thus far relied on R.W. Connell's masculinity theory which is famous for its emphasis on the plurality and hierarchy of masculinity. However there have been few efforts to evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of her theory for gender analysis from the perspective of masculinity in contemporary Japan. Deﬁ ning Japanese society as one that is diversifying and transforming more and more this paper argues that Connell's theory has not only advantages but also limitations in analyzing such a society because of its features including the transcendent assumption of hierarchical relations among masculinities and the decreased emphasis on the relationship between men and women. The former feature indicates an overall assumption in her works that identifies the hierarchy among multiple masculinities not from a perspective of everyday gender practices but from a perspective of social structures other than gender such as economic structure. The latter feature indicates her tendency to limit the analytical focus to men's issues. Therefore in her discussion the relationships between men and women are likely to recede into the background; those who study masculinities in Japan also share this weakness. In other words Connell does not bring up hegemonic masculinity's operative definition and identifies it in terms of background structures which does not include gender. As a result the empirical studies based on Connell's theory including her own frequently fail to capture relationships among masculinities as well as relationships between men and women. Based on these ideas this paper will explore a more useful way to analyze Japanese society from the perspective of masculinity. Finally it asserts that it is necessary to focus on the process of hegemonic struggle rather than on hegemonic masculinity and that gender structures need to be understood as pluralistic. These are absolutely essential concepts not only for analyzing masculinities but gender relationships and structures as well.

Topic: Japanese History and Culture
Subfield: Cultural Studies
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Diagnosing a case of venereal disease in fifteenth century Scotland.

My attention was first drawn to Robert Henryson, the Scottish poet, by Roger Green (1964): 'It re- minds me of Henryson's movingly cruel version of the story of Criseyde.A lovely woman begins by deceiving one man with another, continues by turn- ing prostitute and ends, her beauty squandered and ugliness in its place, as a leper with a bell and a begging bowl '.In The Testament of Cresseid the poet Henryson portrayed a prostitute who acquired an 'incurable sickness'.According to conventional medical history today, her disease could not have been syphilis be- cause she was a literary creation of the fifteenth cen- tury, supposedly before syphilis appeared in Europe.Those who adhere to tradition explain Cresseid's sexually acquired infection by invoking the medieval diagnosis of 'venereal leprosy'.The clinical and epidemiological features of her case, however, as Henryson gives them and as they are analysed herein, seriously challenge this view.On the contrary, the unfolding story leaves little doubt that it was syphilis which Cresseid the prostitute acquired, and not some kind of leprosy.Thus another piece of evidence is in hand to support the newer and less widely held view that syphilis was indeed present in Scotland (and if in Scotland, doubtless in the rest of Europe) before the closing years of the fifteenth century.

Topic: History of Medicine Studies
Subfield: History
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
bayesianmice: A Bayesian model-based investigation of Candida albicans colonization in a preclinical mouse model.

The <em>bayesianmice</em> repository provides the complete underlying data and code for all the figures in the "Results" section in the manuscript: Shankar, J. et al. Using Bayesian modelling to investigate factors governing antibiotic-induced Candida albicans colonization of the GI tract. Scientific Reports. 5, 8131; DOI:10.1038/srep08131 (2015). Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep08131 The main website, data and additional documentation is @ the main project website. For model specifications, underlying theory as well as a comparative evaluation of BMA ensemble regression against other ensemble regression models, please review: Shankar J, Szpakowski S et al. A systematic evaluation of high-dimensional, ensemble-based regression for exploring large model spaces in microbiome analyses. BMC Bioinformatics. 2015 Feb;16(1):31+. DOI:10.1186/s12859-015-0467-6. Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12859-015-0467-6.

Topic: Antifungal resistance and susceptibility
Subfield: Infectious Diseases
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Ethical Games: Toward Evidence-Based Guidance for Safeguarding Players and Developers

As video games have moved to the mainstream of entertainment and popular culture, they also have given rise to new media fears. These span concerns for player welfare such as gaming addiction, negative effects of ‘screen time,’ gambling-like mechanics, dark patterns and questionable business practices, online toxicity, and extremism. Questions of game worker welfare are similarly making headlines, such as harassment, discrimination, or precarious and unhealthy working conditions. To sort warranted concerns from unwarranted moral panics, the first Ethical Games Conference, held in 2024, gathered the state-of-the-art of research on ethical issues in games to inform evidence-based guidelines for industry and regulators. The selected full papers and opinion pieces of the conference, collected in this special issue, showcase a wide range of issues and barriers, and aspirations to move from avoiding harm to using games for positive social impact.

Topic: Digital Games and Media
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Diffusivity and pore distribution in fractal and random media

The diffusion of a gas particle in a porous medium (fractal or random) is studied. Diffusivity and pore chord distribution are computed for different gas particle sizes and different densities of the porous media. This calculation allows us to estimate the critical density where the gas does not percolate from one side to the other side of the porous medium.

Topic: Groundwater flow and contamination studies
Subfield: Environmental Engineering
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
The relaxation method for learning in artificial neural networks

A new mathematical approach for deriving learning algorithms for various neural network models including the Hopfield model, Bidirectional Associative Memory, Dynamic Heteroassociative Neural Memory, and Radial Basis Function Networks is presented. The mathematical approach is based on the relaxation method for solving systems of linear inequalities. The newly developed learning algorithms are fast and they guarantee convergence to a solution in a finite number of steps. The new algorithms are highly insensitive to choice of parameters and the initial set of weights. They also exhibit high scalability on binary random patterns. Rigorous mathematical foundations for the new algorithms and their simulation studies are included.

Topic: Hermeneutics and Narrative Identity
Subfield: Philosophy
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
The Choctaw before Removal

Journal Article The Choctaw before Removal. Ed. by Carolyn Keller Reeves. (Jackson: University Press of Mississippi, 1985. xvi + 243 pp. Maps, illustrations, charts, tables, appendix, notes, selected bibliography, and index. $25.00.) Get access Michael D. Green Michael D. Green Dartmouth College Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of American History, Volume 73, Issue 1, June 1986, Pages 193–194, https://doi.org/10.2307/1903648 Published: 01 June 1986

Topic: Archaeology and Natural History
Subfield: Anthropology
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Agrobacterium T-strand production in vitro: sequence-specific cleavage and 5' protection of single-stranded DNA templates by purified VirD2 protein.

Virulence proteins VirD1 and VirD2 are subunits of a relaxosome-like protein complex that mediates conjugational transfer of a Ti plasmid segment, the T-DNA, from Agrobacterium into higher plants. The VirD1-VirD2 complex binds to 25-bp repeats at the borders of the T-DNA and catalyzes sequence-specific nicking of the conjugative DNA strand (the T-strand) at the third base of these repeats. Nuclear localization signals present in VirD2 target the T-strand to plant cell nuclei. In addition, VirD2 probably plays a role in the high-frequency integration of the T-DNA into the plant genome by illegitimate recombination. Whereas Agrobacterium transformation of dicots is very efficient, T-DNA integration in most monocots can barely be detected. To develop an artificial T-DNA delivery system for monocots, a technique for efficient in vitro production of T-strand DNAs was established by using VirD1 and VirD2 proteins purified from overexpressing Escherichia coli strains. The topoisomerase-like VirD2 enzyme was shown to mediate precise, sequence-specific cleavage of T-DNA border sequences carried by single-stranded DNA templates, even in the absence of VirD1 protein. During this reaction, VirD2 remains covalently bound to the 5' end of artificial T-strand DNAs. In contrast, VirD2, alone or in complex with VirD1, fails to nick linear double-stranded DNA templates in vitro.

Topic: Plant tissue culture and regeneration
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Young Silver Birch Grows Faster and Allocates Higher Portion of Biomass into Stem Than Norway Spruce, a Case Study from a Post-Disturbance Forest

The aim of the paper was to compare young silver birch (Betula pendula Roth.) and Norway spruce (Picea abies L. Karst) growing at the identical site, from the point of contribution of tree components to their aboveground biomass stock, their wood density, radial increment and aboveground biomass production. Our research activities were performed in the High Tatra Mts., which belong to the Tatra National Park (TANAP), Northern Slovakia. Currently, the substantial part of the TANAP territory is covered by post-disturbance young forests which have been growing there since the large-scale windstorm episode in November 2004. Our study combined non-destructive repeated tree measurements performed at two transects in 2016–2020, with destructive tree sampling of twenty 14-year-old individuals for each species. From the gathered data, we derived models estimating standing stock and annual production of aboveground biomass in individual tree components (foliage, branches, stem bark and stem wood), using diameter at breast height (DBH) as a predictor. The results showed contrasting contributions of tree compartments to aboveground biomass stock between birch and spruce. While spruce trees had four times higher contribution of foliage than birches, the reverse situation (1.5-fold difference) was observed for stem over bark biomass. At the same time, birch trees had a 40% greater diameter increment and a 30% denser stem wood than spruce. As for aboveground biomass production, the contribution of the stem as an economically important component was greater in birch than spruce. The results suggest that, in the young growth stage, birch may be advantageous over spruce in both ecological and production properties. Therefore, we believe that strengthening research activities focused on birch ecology and production issues would bring practical recommendations for better utilization of this tree species in forestry and wood-processing industry sectors

Topic: Forest ecology and management
Subfield: Nature and Landscape Conservation
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Digital Literacy Mastery and its Role in Human Resource Competitiveness

This study analyses the 2022 Human Development Index development in Central Java Province, exploring its correlation with challenges and opportunities in the education sector, particularly digital literacy.The primary goal is to assess the HDI trends and identify areas for improvement, focusing on the education sector's influence on digital literacy.The study utilizes HDI reports and examines the components contributing to the overall score, including health, education, and per capita expenditure.Emphasis is placed on children's average years of schooling and education expectancy.Central Java's HDI improved by 0.87%, reaching a score of 72.79, showcasing growth in health, education, and per capita expenditure.The average years of schooling (12.81 years) signal opportunities for enhancing digital literacy, crucial for workforce competitiveness in the technological era.However, challenges persist at the senior high school level, particularly low enrolment rates.To address challenges, proposed solutions include policy evaluations, adjustments to Law No 23/2014, and the optimization of traditional arts as part of cultural education.Strategies for equitable regional development, enhancement of Information and Communication Technology infrastructure and skills, and improving local-level education quality are recommended to support human development goals and enhance human resource competitiveness in Central Java.

Topic: Local Governance and Development
Subfield: Geography, Planning and Development
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Age and hypohydration independently influence the peripheral vascular response to heat stress

Seven young (Y, 22-28 yr) and seven middle-aged (MA, 49-60 yr) normotensive men of similar body size, fatness, and maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) were exposed to a heat challenge in an environmental chamber (48 degrees C, 15% relative humidity). Tests were performed in two hydration states: hydrated (H, 25 ml water/kg body wt 1 h before the test, 2.5 h before exercise) and hypohydrated (Hypo, after 18-20 h of water deprivation). Each test began with a 90-min rest period during which the transiently increased plasma volume and decreased osmolality after drinking in the H condition returned to base line. This period was followed by 30 min of cycle exercise at a mean intensity of 43% VO2max and a 60-min resting recovery period with water ad libitum. Although prior drinking caused no sustained changes in plasma osmolality, Hypo increased plasma osmolality by 7-10 mosmol/kg in both groups. There were no significant age differences in water intake, urine output or osmolality, overall change in body weight, or sweating rate. In the H state, the percent change in plasma volume was less (P less than 0.01) during exercise for the Y group (-5.9 +/- 0.7%) than for the MA group (-9.4 +/- 0.6%). Esophageal temperature (Tes) was higher in the Hypo condition for both groups with no age-related differences. Throughout the 3-h period, mean skin temperature was higher in the Y group and significantly so (P less than 0.05) in the Hypo condition.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Topic: Thermoregulation and physiological responses
Subfield: Physiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
On Primitive Covering Numbers

In 2007, Zhi-Wei Sun defined a \emph{covering number} to be a positive integer $L$ such that there exists a covering system of the integers where the moduli are distinct divisors of $L$ greater than 1. A covering number $L$ is called \emph{primitive} if no proper divisor of $L$ is a covering number. Sun constructed an infinite set $\mathcal L$ of primitive covering numbers, and he conjectured that every primitive covering number must satisfy a certain condition. In this paper, for a given $L\in \mathcal L$, we derive a formula that gives the exact number of coverings that have $L$ as the least common multiple of the set $M$ of moduli, under certain restrictions on $M$. Additionally, we disprove Sun's conjecture by constructing an infinite set of primitive covering numbers that do not satisfy his primitive covering number condition.

Topic: Analytic Number Theory Research
Subfield: Algebra and Number Theory
Field: Mathematics
Domain: Physical Sciences
Assessing Process Discovery Scalability in Data Intensive Environments

Tremendous developments in Information Technology (IT) have enabled us to store and process huge amounts of data at unprecedented rates. This phenomenon largely impacts business processes. The field of process discovery, originating from the area of process mining, is concerned with automatically discovering process models from event data related to the execution of business processes. In this paper, we assess the scalability of applying process discovery techniques in data intensive environments. We propose ways to compute the internal data abstractions used by the discovery techniques within the MapReduce framework. The combination of MapReduce and process discovery enables us to tackle much bigger event logs in less time. Our generic approach scales linearly in terms of the data size and the number of computational resources used, and thus, shows great potential for the adoption of process discovery in a Big Data context.

Topic: Business Process Modeling and Analysis
Subfield: Management Information Systems
Field: Business, Management and Accounting
Domain: Social Sciences
Biocatalytic enantiomeric resolution of l-menthol from an eight isomeric menthol mixture

Copyright: 2012 Elsevier. This is the post-print version of the work. The definitive version is published in Journal of Molecular Catalysis B, vol. 75, pp 1-10. The title of the final version was modified.

Topic: Enzyme Catalysis and Immobilization
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Michael W. Flamm. In the Heat of the Summer: The New York Riots of 1964 and the War on Crime.

As I read Michael W. Flamm’s In the Heat of the Summer: The New York Riots of 1964 and the War on Crime, Detroit was observing the fiftieth anniversary of the 1967 race riots there. The occasion was memorialized with public lectures and discussions, a digital news project, and the release of Kathryn Bigelow’s new film, Detroit (2017). In recent years, historians have produced books and public commemorations about the racial uprisings in Watts, Newark, and even Rochester, New York. But oddly enough, very little has been written about the New York City riots of 1964, the first of the summer uprisings that became almost commonplace in the late 1960s. As Flamm suggests, it may be that the New York riots do not quite fit our textbook periodization of the black freedom struggle, coming as they did in the heat of Freedom Summer and just days after the passage of the Civil Rights Act of 1964. As the southern civil rights movement moved toward a crescendo with the Selma protests and the passage of the Voting Rights Act a year later, the summer of 1965 and the Watts riots seem like a more appropriate turning point. But as the author points out, the New York riots are important not just because they marked the first long, hot summer, but because they revealed a new racial fracturing that would “drive a wedge between the civil rights movement and many white liberals” (2).

Topic: Historical Studies and Socio-cultural Analysis
Subfield: History and Philosophy of Science
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
INFORMATION USE PATTERN OF CIVIL AND MECHANICAL ENGINEERING FACULTY OF UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AUTONOMOUS JNTUK KAKINADA: A STUDY

This Article to express the role of Web based information services of Civil and Mechanical Engineering faculty of University College of Engineering Autonomous Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University, Kakinada the Researcher has used the survey method to collect data from the University College of Engineering Autonomous faculty especially Regular Library users. The faculty are processed technically and tabulated as to the variables of the concerned topic of online resources.

Topic: Open Education and E-Learning
Subfield: Computer Science Applications
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Studies on Pigment Migration in the Melanophores of the Teleost &lt;i&gt;Fundulus heteroclitus&lt;/i&gt; (L)

Observations made which coupled physiological and histochemical methods with a morphological analysis of the process of pigment migration in the melanophores of Fundulus heteroclitus suggest the following conclusions:1. The main source of energy for this activity probably derives from oxidative phosphorylation.2. Pigment migration seems to be sodium-dependent but is not influenced by external calcium ions.3. These cells present a complex system of microtubules that limit the paths through which the pigment granules migrate.4. Evidence is presented linking pigment granule transport to microtubles.5. A histochemical method failed to reveal the existence of cholinergic nerve endings in the melanophore.6. A critical review is made of the hypothesis proposed to explain pigment migration.

Topic: Photoreceptor and optogenetics research
Subfield: Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences