jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Controlling Lyngbya wollei in three Alabama, USA reservoirs: summary of a long-term management program

Abstract Large-scale Lyngbya wollei (Cyanobacteria, Oscillatoriales) infestations are increasing throughout the USA and globally and causing significant obstruction of water resource uses. Decision makers and stakeholders encountering this nuisance organism often seek management options. Many approaches to L. wollei management may be ineffective or not applicable to specific field sites. Chemical control with United States Environmental Protection Agency registered algaecides has shown to be effective, although the specific formulation, concentration, and application frequency can all govern efficacy. This study summarizes results from a long-term and adaptive management program on extensive L. wollei infestations in three central Alabama, USA reservoirs (Lay Lake, Jordan Lake and Lake Mitchell) managed by Alabama Power Company. Multiple treatment strategies including numerous algaecides, combinations and addition of surfactants were used in attempts to control the nuisance cyanobacterium and preserve multiple beneficial functions of the resource. Ultimately, operational shift toward one technology, a double-chelated copper algaecide with surfactants and emulsifiers (Captain ® XTR) resulted in more efficient and economical control. There were significant ( P &lt; 0.05) decreases in historic L. wollei acres requiring treatment through time on each reservoir. Throughout this study period, a 51.4, 88.1 and 94.7% percent decrease in total nuisance acres treated was realized on Lay Lake, Jordan Lake and Lake Mitchell, respectively. The large-scale and long-term dataset presented herein, covering multiple candidate treatment programs, provides valuable information to guide management decisions on other water resources impacted by L. wollei infestations.

Topic: Aquatic Ecosystems and Phytoplankton Dynamics
Subfield: Environmental Chemistry
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
The Role and Importance of Glycosylation of Acute Phase Proteins with Focus on Alpha-1 Antitrypsin in Acute and Chronic Inflammatory Conditions

Acute phase proteins (APPs) are a group of circulating plasma proteins which undergo changes quantitatively or qualitatively at the time of inflammation. Many of these APPs are glycosylated, and it has been shown that alterations in glycosylation may occur in inflammatory and malignant conditions. Changes in glycosylation have been studied as potential biomarkers in cancer and also in chronic inflammatory conditions and have been shown to correlate with disease severity in certain conditions. Serine protease inhibitors (serpins), many of which are also APPs, are proteins involved in the control of proteases in numerous pathways. Alpha-1 Antitrypsin (AAT) is the most abundant serpin within the circulation and is an APP which has been shown to increase in response to inflammation. The primary role of AAT is maintaining the protease/antiprotease balance in the lung, but it also possesses important anti-inflammatory and immune-modulating properties. Several glycoforms of AAT exist, and they possess differing properties in regard to plasma half-life and stability. Glycosylation may also be important in determining the immune modulatory properties of AAT. The review will focus on the role and importance of glycosylation in acute phase proteins with particular attention to AAT and its use as a biomarker of disease. The review describes the processes involved in glycosylation, how glycosylation changes in differing disease states, and the alterations that occur to glycans of APPs with disease and inflammation. Finally, the review explores the importance of changes in glycosylation of AAT at times of inflammation and in malignant conditions and how this may impact upon the functions of AAT.

Topic: Protease and Inhibitor Mechanisms
Subfield: Cancer Research
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Chloro and Bromo Complexation of the Manganese(II) Ion and Solvation Structure of the Manganese(II), Iron(II), Cobalt(II), Nickel(II), Copper(II), and Zinc(II) Ions in Hexamethylphosphoric Triamide

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTChloro and Bromo Complexation of the Manganese(II) Ion and Solvation Structure of the Manganese(II), Iron(II), Cobalt(II), Nickel(II), Copper(II), and Zinc(II) Ions in Hexamethylphosphoric TriamideKazuhiko Ozutsumi, Yuriko Abe, Ryouta Takahashi, and S. FshiguroCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1994, 98, 39, 9894–9899Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100090a025https://doi.org/10.1021/j100090a025research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views198Altmetric-Citations41LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts

Topic: Chemical Synthesis and Characterization
Subfield: Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Nephrotic syndrome, sickle-cell disease and pregnancy

Summary A young West Indian with sickle-cell disease and the nephrotic syndrome in the last trimester of pregnancy was treated after admission to hospital with folic acid and blood transfusion. Labour was induced by intravenous prostaglandin E2 but the fetus died. The nephrotic syndrome resolved but the proteinuria, the cause of which it is suggested is a true sickle-cell nephropathy, persisted.

Topic: Hemoglobinopathies and Related Disorders
Subfield: Genetics
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Nurses with HIV/AIDS must not be stigmatized

After the recent rumpus over whether or not British doctors should be tested for HIV it is surprising that there has not been a call for nurses to be tested as well. The argument put forward against such testing is that individuals could become infected within days of the test, and that if the test is taken during the early stages of HIV it may prove to be negative. To exclude these eventualities it would be necessary to test all doctors and nurses repeatedly and regularly, the cost of which would be considerable. In addition, screening would give the public false reassurance and could lead to doctors and nurses calling for all their patients to be screened, particularly as a nurse or doctor is more at risk of catching the virus from patients than the other way round.

Topic: Ethics and Legal Issues in Pediatric Healthcare
Subfield: Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Probing Mechanical Deformations on Hard Carbon Anode during Charge / Discharge of Na-Ion Batteries

Hard carbon is a promising anode material for Na-ion batteries due to its lower operation voltage and satisfactory capacity. It can be synthesized from waste material resources with a pyrolysis process. 1 Hard carbon is an amorphous material containing randomly oriented graphene layers with numerous structural defects and nanovoids. Hard carbon has larger interlayer spacing than crystalline graphite and this feature allows Na ions to be intercalated into Hard carbon reversibly. 2 However, the practical performance of hard carbons suffers from poor rate capability and low initial Coulombic efficiency. Unfortunately, not much is known about the driving forces behind the interfacial and structural deformations in Hard carbon during battery cycling. Also, the storage mechanism of Na- ions in hard carbon is still under debate. 3 To address this gap, in this study, we utilized operando mechanical measurements to probe electrochemical stress and strain generation in the Hard Carbon during battery cycling. The composite electrode was prepared by mixing Hard Carbon, CMC, and Super P Carbon in the ratio of 8.5:1.0:0.5 in mass, respectively. Digital image correlation and multi-beam optical stress sensor were utilized to monitor strain and stress generation in the electrode, respectively while cycling at a constant current between 0.01 to 2.0 V vs Na 0/+ . In this talk, we will present potential-dependent mechanical deformation in Hard carbon and discuss the charge storage mechanism under the guidance of operando mechanical measurements. Acknowledgement: This work is supported by the National Science Foundation (award number 2344722). We are grateful to Dr. Montse Casas-Cabanas and Dr. Damien Saurel from CIC energiGUNE for providing the Hard Carbon samples. References: 1) N. Nieto et al. ChemSusChem 2023, 16, e202301053; 2) N. Tapia-Ruiz et al 2021 J. Phys. Energy 3 031503; 3) H. Alptekin et al., ACS Appl. Energy Mater. 2020, 3, 10, 9918–9927

Topic: Advancements in Battery Materials
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Maudsley and Burn's Trusts and Trustees Cases and Materials

PART ONE. TRUSTS 1. The Nature of a Trust 2. The Requirements of a Trust 3. The Constitution of Trusts. Volunteers 4. Testamentary Dispositions which Fail to Comply with the Wills Act 1837 5. Trusts and Creditors 6. Resulting Trusts 7. Constructive Trusts 8. Non-Charitable Purpose Trusts PART TWO. CHARITIES 9. Charitable Trusts 10. Cy-pres 11. The Administration of Charities PART THREE. TRUSTS AND TAXES 12. Introduction 13. Income Tax 14. Capital Gains Tax 15. Inheritance Tax PART FOUR. TRUSTEES 16. General Principles Relating to Trustees 17. Duties of Trustees 18. Powers of Trustees 19. Variation of Trusts 20. Fiduciary Position of Trustees 21. Breach of Trust PART FIVE. TRUSTS OF PENSION FUNDS 22. Occupational Pension Fund Trusts INDEX

Topic: Legal principles and applications
Subfield: Law
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Surface-Induced Deep Hypothermia and Prolonged Circulatory Stasis in Dogs

SUMMARY Deep hypothermia (as low as 17 C.), using a surface cooling technique, was achieved in 45 dogs to provide cardioplegia for prolonged periods, thus allowing ample time for direct-vision cardiac surgery. The principal features of the technique included deep ether anesthesia, hyperventilation to achieve respiratory alkalosis, and administration of low molecular weight dextran during cooling. Cardioplegia and associated circulatory stasis was attained for periods up to 75 minutes without development of neurologic damage when a prehypothermic massive dose of hydrocortisone and selective brain cooling with cold isotonic saline solution were incorporated in the technique.

Topic: Thermal Regulation in Medicine
Subfield: Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Data from Bcl-2 Inhibits Nuclear Homologous Recombination by Localizing BRCA1 to the Endomembranes

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;Genetic stability requires coordination of a network of pathways including DNA repair/recombination and apoptosis. In addition to its canonical anti-apoptotic role, Bcl-2 negatively impacts genome stability. In this study, we identified the breast cancer tumor suppressor BRCA1, which plays an essential role in homologous recombination (HR), as a target for Bcl-2 in the repression of HR. Indeed, ionizing radiation–induced BRCA1 foci assembly was repressed when Bcl-2 was expressed ectopically, in human SV40 fibroblasts, or spontaneously, in lymphoma t(14:18) cells and in HeLa and H460 cancer cell lines. Moreover, we showed that the transmembrane (TM) domain of Bcl-2 was required for both inhibition of BRCA1 foci assembly and the inhibition of HR induced by a double-strand break targeted into an intrachromosomal HR substrate by the meganuclease I-SceI. Fluorescence confocal microscopy, proximity ligation assay, and electron microscopy analyses as well as Western blot analysis of subcellular fractions showed that Bcl-2 and BRCA1 colocalized to mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum in a process requiring the TM domain of Bcl-2. Targeting BRCA1 to the endomembranes depletes BRCA1 from the nucleus and, thus, accounts for the inhibition of HR. Furthermore, our findings support an apoptosis-stimulatory role for the cytosolic form of BRCA1, suggesting a new tumor suppressor function of BRCA1. Together, our results reveal a new mode of BRCA1 regulation and for HR in the maintenance of genome stability. &lt;i&gt;Cancer Res; 71(10); 3590–602. ©2011 AACR&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

Topic: DNA Repair Mechanisms
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Another Range Extension for Quercus dunni in Central California

Quercus dunnii Kell.(Q.palmeri Engelm.) is a xerophytic shrub with stiff, divaricate branches and small, hard, spinose-dentate leaves.Typically, it occurs in desert-border chaparral or pinyon-juniper woodland in Arizona, southern California, and northern Baja California.Usually it constitutes only a minor element in the vegetation, occurring in small groups or as isolated, scattered individuals.Its small, widely disjunct populations form an extremely "spotty" distribution pattern.The range of Q. dunnii in Arizona is presented elsewhere (Tucker and Haskell 1960).Its known range in Baja California extends just south of the Sierra San Pedro Martir (R. Moran, pers.comm.: west of Agua Amarga, 1100 m, near 30°28'N, 115°17 ' W, Moran 11416).In southern California its principal occurrence is along the western borders of the Colorado and Mohave deserts in San Diego , Riverside, San Bernardino, and Los Angeles counties .We know of no occurrence in any of the mountains of the eastern Mohave in California, although the species reoccurs in the Hualapai Mountains in western Arizona.Also, a Late Pleistocene record has been reported (Leskinen 1975) from the Newberry Mountains in extreme southern Nevada.A considerable range extension to the northwest was established during the U .S. Forest Service's extensive Vegetation Type Map Survey of the 1930's when another population was discovered several km west of Paso Robles (on Peachy Canyon Rd.), in San Luis Obispo County.Then, in 1974, J. R. Griffin discovered a tiny population of a few shrubs in southeastern San Benito County (Griffin and Tucker 1976), another range extension of 82 km.These cases illustrate dramatically how small isolated colonies of a chaparral species may escape detection for years ; and the present paper records the discovery of still another northward range extension of this sort, of ca.180 km.This most recent find was made by Glen L. Holstein (Nature Conservancy), Neil Havlik (East Bay Regional Parks) , and Ms. Heather Stout (California Department of Water Resources) in April 1981 , as members of a larger group engaged in an ecological survey of a proposed dam site southwest of Byron in the Diablo Range, Contra Costa County.This location (Fig. I) is on the Antonio Souza Ranch-extended section NW¼ Sec.31, R3E, TIS, Mt.Diablo Meridian.

Topic: Botany, Ecology, and Taxonomy Studies
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Effect of Low and High Doses of Vitamin D on Sreptozotocin-induced Diabetic Nephropathy in Adult Male Albino Rats: Histological and Immunohistochemical Sudy

Background: Diabetic nephropathy is an important instigate of persistent kidney ailment problem and irrevocably renal catastrophe.Vitamin D (VD) insufficiency is documented as a worldwide health delinquent and lately pondered as a conscientious factor in the onset and progression of diabetes mellitus (DM).Aim: This research paper was premeditated to explore the probable upshot of low and high doses of vitamin D on a rat model of diabetic nephropathy.Material and Methods: Forty adult male albino rats were segregated into four groups: Group I (control group).Group II (the diabetic nephropathy group): given streptozotocin intraperitoneal.Group III (the low dose VD group): rats were given streptozotocin then vitamin D orally as 8000 IU/kg/day.Group IV (the high dose VD group): rats were given streptozotocin then vitamin D orally as 20,000 IU/kg/day.After complete12 weeks from the beginning of the experiment, rats were sacrificed.Kidney specimens were handled and assayed by histological and Immunohistochemical procedures. Results:The diabetic nephr0pathy group revealed distortion of glomeruli, tubular distortion.mononuclear permeation and epithelial desquamation.Congested dilated glomeruli, peritubular blood vessels and interstitial outpouring of blood were also noticed.EM examination of proximal and distal c0nv0luted tubules exhibited multiple vacuoles.thickening of basement membrane and destructed mitochondria were also seen.Group III showed improvement of these changes and Group IV showed amelioration of most of these changes.Conclusion: High dose of vitamin D ameliorates experimentally induced diabetic nephropathy.

Topic: Vitamin D Research Studies
Subfield: Pathology and Forensic Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
289 Effects of informative videos to empower parents in handling acutely ill children: a randomized controlled trial

<h3>Background</h3> Copenhagen Emergency Medical Services (CEMS), Denmark, serves the Capital Region and receives about 200,000 out-of-hours calls/year regarding children. About 40% are referred for further assessment at hospital, but less than two thirds of these children need medical treatment. We studied if parents could be empowered in handling children with mild symptoms at home by informative videos, and thereby reduce hospital admissions. <h3>Method</h3> A prospective randomized controlled trial was conducted from 13th October, 2020 – 2nd December, 2021. Parents who called CEMS with children aged 0.5–11.9 years were offered access to informative videos before reaching telephone triage. Parents who accepted were randomized to intervention (receiving videos only) or control (standard telephone triage). Parents could repeat call for triage. Both groups received an electronic survey including questions on self-efficacy the following day. Hospital charts were reviewed blinded to randomization for hospital referrals within 72 hours. Main outcomes were high self-efficacy score and delayed hospital admissions or deaths. Secondary outcomes were treatment, duration of hospitalization, and number of engaged users of the videos. <h3>Results</h3> A total of 4687 children were included. Only data from preliminary analysis of the first 400 surveys is available now. The self-efficacy-score was high in 84.7% (149/176) of the intervention group and in 82.7% (167/202) of the control group (p=0.68). There were no delayed admissions or deaths caused by the videos. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Preliminary results showed equally high score of self-efficacy of parents in both groups. The use of videos appeared to be safe. <h3>Conflict of interest</h3> None. <h3>Funding</h3> This project was funded by TrygFonden, Denmark, Copenhagen University Hospital—Amager and Hvidovre, Copenhagen, Denmark and the Capital Region, Denmark.

Topic: Family and Patient Care in Intensive Care Units
Subfield: Radiological and Ultrasound Technology
Field: Health Professions
Domain: Health Sciences
High-Conductivity Adhesive for Light-Emitting Diode Die-Attachment by Low-Temperature Sintering of Micrometer-Sized Ag Particles

A paste composed of micrometer-sized Ag particles and an organic solvent formed a soft porous bonding layer under atmospheric conditions at 200 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">°</sup> C and above. Using this Ag paste for die-bonding of a light-emitting diode (LED) resulted in excellent thermal resistance and reliability. Ag/Ag interactions are thought to be responsible for internal bonding, and the Ag paste does not bond strongly to other materials. To ameliorate this, polymer particles were added to the Ag paste. The flow starting temperature of the polymer did not hinder the sintering of Ag particles, and the melted polymer particles served as an adhesive. The polymer-containing Ag paste had a lower specific resistance than that of the conventional conductive adhesives, so could be treated using low-temperature processes. The presence of polymer improved the die-shearing strength during the bonding of LED die to the plastic substrate.

Topic: 3D IC and TSV technologies
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Primitive‐based Classification Methods

Artistic photos are documents of large dimensions that demand that we process them in their full resolution, across their finest gradations and colors. Reducing these photos to a family of primitives is an arduous task, but it was a necessity for researchers working on the earliest machine learning methods. This chapter looks at the use of specific primitives to help in aesthetic judgment, primitives chosen to reflect the know-how deployed by experts in their evaluation of images and the criteria that have examined earlier. It also looks at some of the methods proposed in literature that do not use deep neural networks. The chapter distinguishes between research that aims to provide an evaluation of the quality of the photograph and research that aims to improve how a photograph is taken. It then concludes by presenting some original research on the margin of aesthetic judgment.

Topic: Aesthetic Perception and Analysis
Subfield: Cognitive Neuroscience
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences
Cellular phone applied systems with interaction by figures on diagrams

The purpose of this research is to provide a system framework that enables users to interact with systems by icons, using cellular phones as user interface devices. The response of the interaction of the system must be quick enough to satisfy users under such limitations as data transmission speed and performance. This work describes an application framework that separates interaction logic into a server and a client. To reduce the amount of client-side logic and transmission data, the interaction logic of both server-side and client-side cooperate to achieve user's operation using a simple script. A prototype system has been developed and evaluated. The client program immediately updates the screen when a user handles icons. The number of requests to the server is reduced 30%, and it takes less than 9 seconds to display typical contents, good enough for practical use.

Topic: Cloud Computing and Remote Desktop Technologies
Subfield: Hardware and Architecture
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences