jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
ACCELEROMETER-BASED NAVIGATION VERSUS CONVENTIONAL TECHNIQUE IN TOTAL KNEE REPLACEMENT. A PROSPECTIVE STUDY IN A TERTIARY CARE MEDIUM VOLUME SETUP IN INDIA.

The iASSIST system is a portable, accelerometer base with electronic navigation used for total knee arthroplasty (TKA) which guides the surgeon to align and validate bone resection during the surgical procedure. The purpose of this study was to compare the radiological outcome between accelerometer base iASSIST system and the conventional system. Method: A prospective study between two group of 36 patients (50 TKA) of primary osteoarthritis of the knee who underwent TKA using iASSIST ™ or conventional method (25 TKA in each group) from January 2018 to December 2019. A single surgeon performs all operations with the same instrumentation and same surgical approach. Pre-operative and postoperative management protocol are same for both groups. All patients had standardized scanogram (full leg radiogram) performed post operatively to determine mechanical axis of lower limb, femoral and tibial component alignment. Result: There was no significant difference between the 2 groups for Age, Gender, Body mass index, Laterality and Preoperative mechanical axis(p&gt;0.05).There was no difference in proportion of outliers for mechanical axis (p=0.91),Coronal femoral component alignment angle (p=0.08),Coronal tibial component alignment angle (p=1.0).The mean duration of surgery, postoperative drop in Hb, number of blood transfusion didn’t show significant difference between 2 groups (p&gt;0.05). Conclusion: Our study concludes that despite being a useful guidance tool during TKA, iASSIST does not show any difference in limb alignment (mechanical axis), Tibial and femoral component alignment when compared with the conventional method.

Topic: Total Knee Arthroplasty Outcomes
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Critics of Empire: British Radical Attitudes to Colonialism in Africa, 1895-1914, <i>by Bernard Porter</i>

Journal Article Critics of Empire: British Radical Attitudes to Colonialism in Africa, 1895-1914, by Bernard Porter Get access Critics of Empire: British Radical Attitudes to Colonialism in Africa, 1895-1914 by Bernard Porter. London, Macmillan Co., 1968.—xvi, 369 pp. Raymond F. Betts Raymond F. Betts Grinnell College Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Political Science Quarterly, Volume 86, Issue 2, June 1971, Pages 324–325, https://doi.org/10.2307/2148036 Published: 15 June 1971

Topic: African history and culture studies
Subfield: Anthropology
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Back-arc extension in the Scotia Sea

The nature of back-arc extension in the East Scotia Sea is re-examined with the use of an enlarged geophysical data set. Well developed oceanic magnetic lineations confirm that the present spreading episode started about 8 Ma ago, that spreading is asymmetric, and that the total rate increased from 50 to 70 m m /a about 1.5 Ma ago. Most of the currently active South Sandwich volcanic island arc lies upon ocean floor only 6-8 M a old and generated at the current spreading ridge. Subsequent extension has not modified the curvature of the arc. East-west magnetic lineations of Miocene age in the Central Scotia Sea and contemporaneous low-K arc tholeiites dredged from the eastern South Scotia Ridge (Discovery Bank) indicate a regime of coupled subduction and back-arc extension preceding that occurring now. A speculative model involving a series of collisions of parts of this earlier Discovery trench with ridge crest sections of the South American-Antarctic plate boundary explains the transformation of this earlier regime into the present, self-contained Sandwich plate regime. The considerable small-scale variability observed in the back-arc region may be seen as an inevitable consequence of the action of the ridge-trench collision mechanism. The entire Scotia Sea could have formed by a similar kind of back-arc extensional modification of the South American-Antarctic plate boundary.

Topic: Geology and Paleoclimatology Research
Subfield: Atmospheric Science
Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences
Domain: Physical Sciences
A Microeconometric Model of Intertemporal Substitution and Consumer Demand

In this paper we investigate the relationship between within-period preferences and the degree of intertemporal substitution. We first present a theoretical discussion which argues that the form of within-period preferences and the way these differ across consumers may have important consequences for the formulation and specification of intertemporal models. We then apply this methodology to a detailed study of disaggregate household expenditure patterns using a pooled cross-section of some 70,000 households across 15 years. Our objective is to assess the degree of intertemporal substitution across different household types avoiding aggregation bias and accounting for nonadditive within-period preferences and nonlinearity in Engel curves.

Topic: Economics of Agriculture and Food Markets
Subfield: Economics and Econometrics
Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance
Domain: Social Sciences
OPTIMIZATION OF TRANSPORTATION COST USING GENETIC ALGORITHM

Transportation model is application of linear programming that is used to obtain optimum results from distribution issue, especially for minimize transportation cost. General transportation model requires two stages to obtain optimum results such as initial solution method and optimum solution method. These methods are not effective, because it need two stages. Moreover, selection of initial solution method will distinguish the number of iteration on optimum solution method. Therefore, in this study other method such as genetic algorithm that required one stage was used. Genetic algorithm was chosen as alternative method for transportation issue because this method didn’t need two stages and proved to be nice to solve optimization problems. The goal of this study to got method that more effective between combination of North West Corner (NWC) and Modified Distribution Method (MODI) with genetic algorithm to solved two data transportation issues. Based on results, the combination NWC and MODI was more effective for minimize transportation cost than genetic algorithm for two data that solved in this study

Topic: Decision Support System Applications
Subfield: Management Information Systems
Field: Business, Management and Accounting
Domain: Social Sciences
Characterising earth scent

Rationale. Earth scent is the odour emitted from soils. This scent, primarily comprising the alcohols geosmin and 2-methylisoborneol (MIB), has not been fully characterised, but offers high potential for use as an environmental interrogation tool. Methodology. We utilised our field- based, solid-phase microextraction fibre method to test the hypothesis that soil activity and soil property variation can be detected in situ by comparing biogenic volatile emissions. Results. We eliminated sources of error utilising field-based sampling with these fibres, concluding that room temperature storage for up to 7 days is acceptable with minimal loss. Variation in individual fibre affinity for both compounds was higher than expected but no measured concentrations were observed to constitute outliers. Disturbance of minor soil volumes led to significantly higher emission of both compounds over background levels. Soil texture and soil cover had a significant effect on the emission of both compounds. Simulated rainfall, producing the characteristic odour known as petrichor, initiates elevated emission of geosmin. Background (undisturbed soil) concentrations of MIB were occasionally detectable during some sampling events, but geosmin concentrations in the air were always below detection limits without soil disturbance. Virtually all background and disturbed soil samples contained much higher concentrations of MIB compared to geosmin, but geosmin variation between replicates and experimental units was much lower. Discussion. Soil disturbance and soil property variation can be remotely detected using emission of volatile compounds. Correlating emission from the soil with respect to disturbance events and environmental properties could yield a powerful new tool for acquiring soil information.

Topic: Lichen and fungal ecology
Subfield: Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Studies on the Transmission of Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis Virus by Colombian Simuliidae (Diptera)

The ability of Simulium mexicanum and Simulium metallicum to serve as biological or mechanical vectors of an enzootic and an epizootic strain of Venezuelan equine encephalitis (VEE) virus was examined. Guinea pigs were inoculated with the epizootic Cordoba strain or the enzootic RPVP407 strain of VEE virus. Wild-caught adult Simuliidae were fed on the viremic guinea pigs and the virus content of groups of flies was determined at daily intervals post-engorgement to test for viral replication. Flies were refed on suckling mice at greater than or equal to 8 days post-engorgement to test for biological transmission. Other flies were interrupted while feeding on viremic guinea pigs and refed on suckling mice to test for mechanical transmission. Neither S. mexicanum nor S. metallicum appear to be efficient vectors of either strain of VEE virus, although occasional mechanical transmission was obtained. Titers of virus in flies decreased rapidly after engorgement and from 3-12 days post-engorgement virus was detected only in 5%-25% of both species of flies. Although earlier field evidence implicated both S. mexicanum and S. metallicum as vectors of epizootic VEE, we conclude that it is highly unlikely that they play an important role as vectors of the virus in nature.

Topic: Mosquito-borne diseases and control
Subfield: Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Critical position of fatigue damage within asphalt pavement considering temperature and strain distribution

The fatigue properties of the asphalt pavement layer are influenced significantly by different strain levels and temperatures. This research investigated the critical fatigue position within the asphalt pavement layer considering the couple effects of strain levels and temperatures. Firstly, field tests were conducted to measure the typical temperature distribution of the asphalt pavement layer. Secondly, laboratory four-point beam fatigue test and dynamic modulus test were applied to evaluate the fatigue life and the dynamic modulus of the asphalt mixture, respectively. Based on the results of field and laboratory tests, the distributions of strain and fatigue damage within the asphalt layer at different temperature conditions were calculated. It was found that the fatigue life of asphalt mixture decreased with the rising strain level but increased with the rising temperature. The critical fatigue position in the flexible pavement changed from 5 to 20 cm when the pavement temperature condition varied from high to medium/low. In terms of the semi-rigid pavement, this position varied between 6 and 12 cm at different temperature conditions. In addition, the fatigue damage within the semi-rigid pavement at high temperature was found to be as noticeable as that at medium/low temperatures. Thus, the fatigue properties of the asphalt layer at higher temperatures need to be carefully evaluated as well.

Topic: Asphalt Pavement Performance Evaluation
Subfield: Civil and Structural Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Feedback on a Sickle Cell Family Education Symposium

Sickle cell disease (SCD) is estimated to affect approximately 100,000 Americans. Children and adolescents with chronic medical conditions like SCD require comprehensive care that addresses both medical and psychosocial needs to better control their disease and ultimately maximize function at home, school and the community.

Topic: Hemoglobinopathies and Related Disorders
Subfield: Genetics
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Initial characterization of the Siemens E.CAM/sup +/: a dual-detector camera with coincidence imaging capability

This study characterizes the performance of the new E.CAM/sup +/ dual-gamma camera imaging system with coincidence imaging capability. This device utilizes 20.25"/spl times/14.75"/spl times/5/8" thick NaI[Tl] scintillators and slat collimators for coincidence imaging. The intrinsic spatial resolution, scatter fraction, sensitivity, count-rate capability, energy resolution and clinical image quality are evaluated. Transaxial resolution is 4.9 mm at center and does not change significantly in the radial direction and degrades to 11.4 mm tangential at source position of 20 cm for maximum detector separation of 56.8 cm. Axial resolution degrades from 4.9 mm at center to 12.2 mm at R=20 cm. Similar resolutions were measured at smaller detector separations. Scatter fraction (NEMA NU-2) was measured as 11.7%, 14.8% and 16.1% for 20%, 30% and 30%+Compton energy windows. System sensitivity, in units of cps/[/spl mu/Ci/mL] was measured as 8102, 8772 and 9740 for a 20%, 30% and 30%+Compton energy windows with a 20 cm diameter cylindrical water phantom at an activity concentration of 46 nCi/mL. Dead time losses in this phantom of 50% occur at a radioactivity concentration of 0.16 /spl mu/Ci/mL with a corresponding trues count rate of 911 cps. The true coincidence count rate peaks at 966, 1129 and 1364 cps at activity concentration of 0.24, 0.27 and 0.30 /spl mu/Ci/mL for 20%, 30% and 30%+Compton energy windows, respectively. Noise-equivalent count rate (NEC) shows a peak rate of 762, 820 and 851 cps at activity concentrations of 0.20, 0.21 and 0.19 /spl mu/Ci/mL with 20%, 30% and 30%+Compton energy windows, respectively. The system percent energy resolution degrades from 7.1% at low dead time to approximately 10% at 85% dead time. The peak center shift is less than 3% over the same dead time range. The results show that this dual-headed NaI[T1]-based gamma camera will be suitable for FDG imaging in oncologic applications with superior energy resolution but inferior sensitivity as compared to traditional cylindrical PET tomographs. Further study is required to determine optimal imaging parameters for the E.CAM/sup +/.

Topic: Medical Imaging Techniques and Applications
Subfield: Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Liberia country program evaluation 2004 - 2011 : evaluation of the World Bank Group program

This report evaluates the outcomes of World Bank Group support to Liberia from its postwar reengagement in 2003 through 2011. Following re-engagement in 2003, the World Bank Group strategy in Liberia initially focused on two areas: (i) restoring the functionality of the state; and (ii) rebuilding infrastructure. In addition, the World Bank Group designated three priorities as cross-cutting themes: capacity-building, gender equality, and environmental sustainability, with the aim of reflecting these in all interventions. Finally, the Bank (together with the International Monetary Fund) led efforts to reduce Liberia's inherited external debt burden under the enhanced Highly-Indebted Poor Country (HIPC) Initiative and the Multi-lateral Debt Relief Initiative (MDRI) Highlights xiv Liberia Country Program Evaluation: 2004-2011 mechanisms. Two issues merit greater attention. One is the stewardship of natural resources, including the need to systematically enhance the quality of governance across the value chain of resources - with the overarching goal of sharing the benefits among all Liberians. The second issue is	 the need to create job opportunities, especially among youth who also need skills development, to address the pervasive unemployment or underemployment problem.

Topic: Poverty, Education, and Child Welfare
Subfield: Safety Research
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Islam and mystical movements in post-independence Indonesia : Susila Budhi Dharma (Subud) and its doctrines

This thesis deals with the rise of mystical movements (Aliran Kebatinan) in post-independence Indonesia, focusing on Susila Budhi Dharma (Subud), founded in 1925 by Muhammad Subuh. Despite that Subuh had been raised as a Javanese man and was heavily influenced by Javanese culture, he also learned from a S&amp;dotbelow;ufi master who introduced him to certain fundamental concepts of Islamic mysticism. The aim of this thesis is therefore to observe the possible influences on Subud doctrine from both Javanese and Islamic mystical traditions. The major themes of this thesis are three in number: first, to discuss the historical background of the emergence of mystical movements in Java, and to present two mystical movements; second, to give a brief account of Muhammad Subuh's biography and the basic concepts of Subud; and lastly, to analyze Subud theories and practices and see its relation to both Javanese and Islamic mystical traditions.

Topic: Islamic Studies and Radicalism
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Reading the Society of J.R.R, Tolkien’s The Hobbit: A Marxist perspective

Everyone needs money to survive and to afford a good life because they are not free. This is somehow I line with Marxist proposal that money makes the world go round so that it is a manifestation of power. People with money occupy the upper class that controls the society. As a greatly successful and awarded literary work, J.R.R.Tolkien’s The Hobbit is an interesting phenomenon. Relating its success in terms of economy and art to Marxist principles, this study would like to examine Marxist ideas in the work. The findings reveal that the essence of the story itself; i.e. a class struggle, fits Marxism. The Hobbit also depicts a society which runs based on Marxist ideas of base and superstructure, ideology and hegemony as well as how the hegemony is maintained. The results are expected to help readers gain a deeper understanding of Marxism and to cope with life better.

Topic: Magnetic confinement fusion research
Subfield: Nuclear and High Energy Physics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
The Roles of SPOP in DNA Damage Response and DNA Replication

Speckle-type BTB/POZ protein (SPOP) is a substrate recognition receptor of the cullin-3 (CUL3)/RING type ubiquitin E3 complex. To date, approximately 30 proteins have been identified as ubiquitinated substrates of the CUL3/SPOP complex. Pathologically, missense mutations in the substrate-binding domain of SPOP have been found in prostate and endometrial cancers. Prostate and endometrial cancer-associated SPOP mutations lose and increase substrate-binding ability, respectively. Expression of these SPOP mutants, thus, causes aberrant turnovers of the substrate proteins, leading to tumor formation. Although the molecular properties of SPOP and its cancer-associated mutants have been intensively elucidated, their cellular functions remain unclear. Recently, a number of studies have uncovered the critical role of SPOP and its mutants in DNA damage response and DNA replication. In this review article, we summarize the physiological functions of SPOP as a “gatekeeper” of genome stability.

Topic: Ubiquitin and proteasome pathways
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Dietary Patterns, Gut Microbiota Remodeling, and Cardiometabolic Disease

The cardiovascular and metabolic disorders, collectively known as cardiometabolic disease (CMD), are high morbidity and mortality pathologies associated with lower quality of life and increasing health-care costs. The influence of the gut microbiota (GM) in dictating the interpersonal variability in CMD susceptibility, progression and treatment response is beginning to be deciphered, as is the mutualistic relation established between the GM and diet. In particular, dietary factors emerge as pivotal determinants shaping the architecture and function of resident microorganisms in the human gut. In turn, intestinal microbes influence the absorption, metabolism, and storage of ingested nutrients, with potentially profound effects on host physiology. Herein, we present an updated overview on major effects of dietary components on the GM, highlighting the beneficial and detrimental consequences of diet–microbiota crosstalk in the setting of CMD. We also discuss the promises and challenges of integrating microbiome data in dietary planning aimed at restraining CMD onset and progression with a more personalized nutritional approach.

Topic: Gut microbiota and health
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
One size fits all An analytical approach how to make use of process modelling techniques for different fundamental supply chain types

Process orientation is considered a key driver for the efficiency and effectiveness of modern supply chains.It is recognised in science and practice that the modelling of logistics processes is the first step in their optimisation.At the same time, well-known process modelling techniques are not suitable for every type of supply chain.This article uses two established frameworks to make recommendations regarding which modelling technique fits to which supply chain type.For example, BPMN or BPMN light can help lean processes, while flexible and collaborative supply chains more likely require BPM 2.0 and case management techniques.Practitioners can use these findings to apply the most promising process management technique for their business purposes.From the scientific point of view, this article focuses on the integration and process orientation of supply chains and fosters with it the necessity of corporate customer-centricity.

Topic: Quality and Supply Management
Subfield: Management Information Systems
Field: Business, Management and Accounting
Domain: Social Sciences
Excellence in Higher Education in India: Way Forward

Indian higher education is at a crossroads. Since independence India has seen a proliferation in terms of the number of institutes of higher learning. Unfortunately, this growth has often been accompanied with compromising quality. Besides internal management issues, the external regulation has also focused on inputs rather than process or output. As a result Indian higher education has lost its way in terms of creating new frontiers of knowledge. The emerging global competition & commitment under GATS is likely to make the situation further complex. It is high time the policy makers look seriously into all contours of quality of institutes of higher learning.

Topic: Higher Education Governance and Development
Subfield: Political Science and International Relations
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences