jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
‘It is stressful, almost every hour…’: Experiences of caring for people living with dementia in Kenya—An interpretive phenomenological approach

Introduction As chronic conditions such as dementia become increasingly prevalent, the role of caregivers will become ever more critical. In the East African region, little is known about the experiences of caring for people living with dementia. This study aims to describe the views of being a caregiver, including day-to-day responsibilities and duties, determine the impact of caregiving and understand participants’ experiences of supports available or required to facilitate caring for a person living with dementia in Kenya. Methods This was a qualitative study that employed an interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) approach. We used convenience sampling to identify study participants in three counties in Kenya. Participants were main caregivers for the family and hence included both families and paid caregivers. We recruited 10 caregivers to participate in the study (9 females and 1 male). Data were analysed manually following the IPA approach. Results Three main themes emerged from the analysis: the personal experience of caregiving, supports to assist with caregiving and the perceived unmet care needs. The challenges experienced varied based on the support available to the caregiver, the number of years in the caregiving role and knowledge and skills related to providing care. Conclusion Our study shows that caring for a person living with dementia is an arduous experience, requiring significant mental and physical effort. The study highlights a general lack of knowledge and awareness of dementia among families, healthcare professionals and the general public. Training programmes for caregivers, including dementia care skills, educating healthcare practitioners and organising public awareness programmes to understand and accept dementia are urgently needed.

Topic: Intergenerational Family Dynamics and Caregiving
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Analysis of the Activities of the Website “Question and Answer about Radiation in Daily Life” after the Accident at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station and Some Lessons Learned from It

After the accident at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station, artificial radionuclides such as radioactive cesium and iodine were released into the environment. It caused great anxiety not only in the vicinity of the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station but also in other regions of Japan. Some members of the Japan Health Physics Society (JHPS) which is a leading academic society in Japan in the field of radiation protection volunteered to establish the website called "Question and Answer about radiation in Daily Life" just after the accident to reduce the anxiety of the residents about the health effects of radiation. After that, Committee of "Question and Answer about radiation in Daily Life" was established in August 2011 in JHPS, and this activity had been carried out under the responsibility of the society that answered with sincerity against questions from the public as specialists until February 2013. The number of questions on the website had gradually decreased as time passed; therefore, the Committee members decided to end these activities in February 2013. In this paper, following contents were shown; the activities of the Q&A website for about two years, the issues of the stance on our activities, the information related to the website activities and the analysis of Twitter data. Based on the experience and the knowledge obtained from these activities, the issues and experiences that can be utilized in the initial response to emergencies for radiation protection experts as well as other fields are presented.

Topic: Radioactive contamination and transfer
Subfield: Global and Planetary Change
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Lattice dynamics of a crystal containing a point defect with a long range interaction

A point defect with a long range interaction changes the dynamical matrix of the ideal crystal in infinitely many elements. Therefore it is not possible to use the same procedures as in the case of a defect with a short range interaction. A method for the computation of the Green function in the case of a long range interaction defect is shown.

Topic: Material Science and Thermodynamics
Subfield: Mechanical Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
carbenium ion

Citation: 'carbenium ion' in the IUPAC Compendium of Chemical Terminology, 3rd ed.; International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry; 2006. Online version 3.0.1, 2019. 10.1351/goldbook.C00812 • License: The IUPAC Gold Book is licensed under Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike CC BY-SA 4.0 International for individual terms. Requests for commercial usage of the compendium should be directed to IUPAC.

Topic: Analytical Chemistry and Chromatography
Subfield: Spectroscopy
Field: Chemistry
Domain: Physical Sciences
New Concept in Helium Cooled Transmission Microscopes Philips Tecnai F30 Helium: Design and First Results

Abstract To date it has been possible to solve the structure of several membrane proteins to atomic resolution with cryo-electron crystallography (1-4). in all studies two-dimensional crystals were required as well as special provisions on the transmission microscope. in all cases a field emission gun provided the necessary coherence and liquid-Helium cooling the specimen protection (4,5). Although repeatedly studies have been done on the cryo-protection factor of beam sensitive specimen at liquid-Nitrogen and liquid-Helium temperatures (6-10), the data available are still too limited for a clear demonstration of the superiority of liquid-Helium. Especially investigations are needed with individual particles embedded in amorphous ice (11). To meet the increasing demand for liquid-Helium cooling, FEI developed the Tecnai F30 Helium. The challenge was to provide an instrument with a very stable cryo-stage, which can work at liquid- Nitrogen as well as liquid-Helium temperature.

Topic: Advanced Electron Microscopy Techniques and Applications
Subfield: Structural Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Technologies to Solve the Routing Issues in IoVs

This book chapter explores the challenges and technologies involved in solving routing issues in the context of the Internet of Vehicles (IoV). The IoV represents a dynamic and complex network environment that connects vehicles, infrastructure, and various other entities. Efficient routing is crucial for timely and reliable information exchange in such networks. The chapter begins by discussing the unique challenges associated with routing in IoV, such as frequent topology changes, limited bandwidth, and high vehicle mobility. It emphasizes the need for robust and efficient routing protocols to ensure seamless data delivery in vehicular networks. Next, the chapter provides a comprehensive review of existing routing techniques and protocols designed specifically for IoV. It covers geographic routing, cluster-based routing, and hybrid routing approaches, examining their strengths, limitations, and applicability to different IoV scenarios. The chapter also discusses the importance of considering quality-of-service (QoS) metrics, such as latency, reliability, and energy efficiency, when designing routing solutions for IoV. Furthermore, the chapter explores advanced technologies that can enhance routing performance in IoV. It delves into the integration of IoV with cloud computing, edge computing, and the Internet of Things (IoT). These technologies offer additional computational resources, data storage capabilities, and real-time data processing at the network edge, leading to improved routing efficiency and reduced latency. The chapter also highlights the role of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) techniques in addressing routing challenges in IoV. It explores how AI and ML algorithms can analyze and predict vehicular mobility patterns, optimize routing decisions, and mitigate network congestion. The chapter emphasizes the potential of AI and ML to adaptively optimize routing strategies based on real-time network conditions. Finally, the chapter concludes by discussing open research challenges and future directions for solving routing issues in IoV. It identifies areas such as intelligent routing protocols, energy-efficient routing schemes, and security mechanisms as critical research domains. The chapter underscores the importance of ongoing research and development to ensure the efficient and secure operation of IoV routing. Overall, this book chapter provides a comprehensive overview of the technologies proposed to address routing issues in the IoV. It serves as a valuable resource for researchers, practitioners, and policymakers working in the field of vehicular networking, offering insights into the challenges, solutions, and future directions for efficient and reliable routing in IoV environments.

Topic: Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs)
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Design Perspective and Theoretical Analysis of Performance Parameters on CZTS Solar Cell

Cu <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> ZnSnS <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">4</inf> (CZTS)-based solar cells show promising performance due to better efficiency with different architectures. In this study, numerical simulations and optimization of ZnO-Al/i-ZnO/n-CdS/CZTS/Mo structure have been done using device simulation software. The effects of the thickness of various layers, temperature, series, and shunt resistance were investigated on the cell performance. The primary goal of this study is to improve device efficiency by using materials that are less expensive than traditional CIGS. By optimizing the device parameters, we have achieved a power conversion efficiency of 22.8% under AM 1.5 illumination, which indicates better prospective for low cost high performance CZTS solar cell

Topic: Chalcogenide Semiconductor Thin Films
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Experiential analysis of the effectiveness of Buck and Boost DC-DC converters in a basic off grid PV system

The major renewable energy potential on earth is provided from solar radiation and solar photovoltaics (PV) are considered a promising technological solution to support the global transformation to a low-carbon economy and reduce dependence on fossil fuels. The aim of this paper is to carry out an experiential analysis of the effectiveness of power conditioning devices with a focus on the Buck and Boost DC-DC converters (12 V, 24 V and 48 V) in a basic off grid PV system with a fixed load profile. Improper choice of power conditioning device in a basic off-grid PV system can attribute to power loss, hence the need for a right choice of power conditioning device to be coupled with the system of the essence. This would assist in harnessing more of the available solar energy. The practical setup consists of a PV panel that is set to an orientation angle of 0o N, with a corresponding tilt angle of 36o, 26o and 16o. Preliminary results, which include data analysis showing the power loss in the system and efficiency, indicate that the 12V DC-DC converter coupled with the load profile had the highest efficiency for a latitude of 26o S throughout the year.

Topic: Photovoltaic System Optimization Techniques
Subfield: Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment
Field: Energy
Domain: Physical Sciences
High Flux Haemodialysis and Capd: A Lower Predisposition to Dialysis Amyloid?

Conference Abstract| January 01 1988 High Flux Haemodialysis and Capd: A Lower Predisposition to Dialysis Amyloid? D Sethi; D Sethi 1Charing Cross & Westminster Medical School London W6 8RF Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar CMB Murphy; CMB Murphy 1Charing Cross & Westminster Medical School London W6 8RF Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar EA Brown; EA Brown 1Charing Cross & Westminster Medical School London W6 8RF Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar PE Gower PE Gower 1Charing Cross & Westminster Medical School London W6 8RF Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Clin Sci (Lond) (1988) 74 (s18): 18P. https://doi.org/10.1042/cs074018P Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation D Sethi, CMB Murphy, EA Brown, PE Gower; High Flux Haemodialysis and Capd: A Lower Predisposition to Dialysis Amyloid?. Clin Sci (Lond) 1 January 1988; 74 (s18): 18P. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/cs074018P Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsClinical Science Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 1988 The Biochemical Society and the Medical Research Society1988 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.

Topic: Dialysis and Renal Disease Management
Subfield: Nephrology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Galectin-3 Associated with Severe Forms and Long-term Mortality in Patients with Chagas Disease

Abstract Background The histopathological characteristics of Chagas disease (ChD) are: presence of myocarditis, destruction of heart fibers, and myocardial fibrosis. Galectin-3 (Gal-3) is a biomarker involved in the mechanism of fibrosis and inflammation that may be useful for risk stratification of individuals with ChD. Objectives We sought to evaluate whether high Gal-3 levels are associated with severe forms of Chagas cardiomyopathy (CC) and whether they are predictive of mortality. Methods We studied anti-T. cruzi positive blood donors (BD): Non-CC-BD (187 BD without CC with normal electrocardiogram [ECG] and left ventricular ejection fraction [LVEF]); CC-Non-Dys-BD (46 BD with CC with abnormal ECG but normal LVEF); and 153 matched serum-negative controls. This cohort was composed of 97 patients with severe CC (CC-Dys). We used Kruskall-Wallis and Spearman’s correlation to test hypothesis of associations, assuming a two-tailed p&lt;0.05 as significant. Results The Gal-3 level was 12.3 ng/mL for Non-CC-BD, 12.0 ng/mL for CC-Non-Dys-BD, 13.8 ng/mL for controls, and 15.4 ng/mL for CC-Dys. LVEF&lt;50 was associated with higher Gal-3 levels (p=0.0001). In our linear regression adjusted model, we found association between Gal-3 levels and echocardiogram parameters in T. cruzi-seropositive subjects. In CC-Dys patients, we found a significant association of higher Gal-3 levels (≥15.3 ng/mL) and subsequent death or heart transplantation in a 5-year follow-up (Hazard ratio – HR 3.11; 95%CI 1.21–8.04; p=0.019). Conclusions In ChD patients, higher Gal-3 levels were significantly associated with severe forms of the disease and more long-term mortality, which means it may be a useful means to identify high-risk patients. (Arq Bras Cardiol. 2021; 116(2):248-256)

Topic: Galectins and Cancer Biology
Subfield: Immunology
Field: Immunology and Microbiology
Domain: Life Sciences
Characteristics of formacell OPEFB lignin by potassium hydroxide precipitation

Formacell lignin derived from oil palm empty fruit bunches (OPEFBs) holds significant potential as a raw material for various industrial applications. However, its properties need enhancement for specific uses. This study investigated the influence of the potassium hydroxide concentration on the physicochemical properties of lignin extracted from the black liquor of OPEFBs. The chemical structure and functional groups were analyzed using pyrolysis-gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Lignin was extracted via alkaline precipitation using potassium hydroxide (KOH) at concentrations of 5%–30%. The results indicate yields ranging from 3.57% to 14.95% on the basis of potassium hydroxide concentration. Increasing the potassium hydroxide concentration, increased lignin yields and decreased acid-insoluble lignin content. Thermogravimetric analysis demonstrated that lignin exhibited thermal stability, with degradation occurring between 100°C and 750°C. These findings suggest that lignin extraction via potassium hydroxide is an effective method for obtaining thermally stable lignin suitable for biopolymers and wood composites. However, further studies are needed to optimize the process, assess scalability, and evaluate environmental impacts. This research provides insight into improving lignin extraction techniques, enhancing its potential for sustainable industrial applications.

Topic: Lignin and Wood Chemistry
Subfield: Biomedical Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
“Breathe Less, and Farther Off”: The Hazardous Proximity of Other Bodies in Jonson’s The Alchemist

This essay contextualizes Ben Jonson’s The Alchemist in relation to the social controversy generated by London’s rich runaways in the first decade of the seventeenth century. Reading the surviving playtext as a record of a site-specific performance at London’s Blackfriars playhouse in November 1610, I argue that the notable presence of the Blackfriars’ stage-sitters is a crucial dimension of Jonson’s dramaturgy, one previously unconsidered in scholarship on the play. Occupying a contradictory play space that is informed by contemporary theories positing a material connection between playgoing and the threat of plague exposure, on the one hand, and the emergent public awareness of plague mortality as a class-based phenomenon, on the other, The Alchemist ironically stages the hazardous proximity of other bodies as a provocation to its socially privileged audiences, especially those seated onstage at the Blackfriars playhouse in November 1610.

Topic: Literature: history, themes, analysis
Subfield: Literature and Literary Theory
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
The effects of a number of management practices on chiller beef production in Victoria. II. Live measurements

Data are presented from a factorial experiment on the effects of a number of management practices on live measurements of young growing Aberdeen Angus cattle. Sire and dam influenced most measurements, as did supplementary feeding. Season of birth and sex were the two most important factors affecting all body measurements. Year of birth had a slight effect. Correlation coefficients are presented for corresponding measurements of dams and progeny, and for liveweights and measurements at successive ages. Birth weight was highly significantly correlated with weaning and slaughter weights (r = +0.432, +0.504; P&amp;lt;0.001), independent of the sex effect on growth rate. Body measurements at 6 weeks had a fair predictive value for corresponding measurements at 32 weeks (pre-weaning) and 84 weeks (pre-slaughter). The growth curves of heart girth and width of hooks closely paralleled that of liveweight (r = +0.985, -0.982). Length and height measurements were less close, followed by cannon measurements and depth of chest. Width of head and round measurements were least well correlated with weight.Under conditions of nutritional stress, bone growth may continue little impaired, despite loss of liveweight. Birth weights, or weights at a fixed time shortly after birth, could have a useful predictive value in selecting cattle for high weaning weight and post-weaning weight-for-age under southern Australian conditions of husbandry.

Topic: Genetic and phenotypic traits in livestock
Subfield: Genetics
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Techniques for efficient cloud modeling, simulation and rendering

Realistic cloud simulation and rending find applications in many 3D applications such as high-quality 3D film production and realistic 3D flight simulation. However, the infinite variation in the cloud shape and appearance make cloud simulation and rendering a challenge in termsof complexity and realisticity. The major focus of this work is on efficient and realistic cloud simulation. We adopt a similarity approach to describe the characteristics of simple fluid flow without rigorously solving the governing PDEs. Based on the similarity solution of turbulent thermals, plumes and vortex rings in stable stratified fluids or unstable environments, we propose three methods for cloud simulation and modeling.

Topic: Cloud Computing and Resource Management
Subfield: Information Systems
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Associative memory Hamiltonians for structure prediction without homology: Alpha-helical proteins

Energy landscape theory is used to obtain optimized energy functions for predicting protein structure, without using homology information. At short sequence separation the energy functions are associative memory Hamiltonians constructed from a database of folding patterns in nonhomologous proteins and at large separations they have the form of simple pair potentials. The lowest energy minima provide reasonably accurate tertiary structures even though no homologous proteins are included in the construction of the Hamiltonian. We also quantify the funnel-like nature of these energy functions by using free energy profiles obtained by the multiple histogram method.

Topic: Protein Structure and Dynamics
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
CTLA-4 blockade increases antigen-specific CD8 + T cells in prevaccinated patients with melanoma: three cases Jianda YuanBrian GinsbergDavid PageYanyun LiTeresa RasalanHumilidad F. Gallardo •

Background Anti-cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4) antibodies, such as ipilimumab, have generated measurable immune responses to Melan-A, NY-ESO-1, and gp100 antigens in metastatic melanoma. Vaccination against such targets has potential for immunogenicity and may produce an effector-memory T-cell response. Methods To determine the effect of CTLA-4 blockade on antigen-specific responses following vaccination, in-depth immune monitoring was performed on three ipilimumabtreated patients prevaccinated with gp100 DNA (IMF-24), gp100 209‐217 and tyrosinase peptides plus GM-CSF DNA

Topic: Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
Subfield: Immunology
Field: Immunology and Microbiology
Domain: Life Sciences
[The investigation of bioadhesive property of carbomer 934 by gamma camera in vivo].

To study bioadhesive property of carbomer 934 in dog alimentary tract, carbomer 934 and ethylcellulose were radiolabelled with technetium-99 m. The gastrointestinal emptying rate of these materials was measured by the technique of gamma scintiscan. The results showed that the empty rate of adhesive material (carbomer 934) was remarkably slower in dog alimentary tract compared to nonadhesive material (ethylcellulose). It is concluded that, in dog, the interaction between gastrointestinal mucus layer and adhesive material or nonadhesive material was significantly different. Carbomer 934 had stronger bioadhesive property in vivo than that of ethylcellulose.

Topic: Laser Applications in Dentistry and Medicine
Subfield: Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Lepetodrilus japonicus: Molloy, A., Thomas, E.A., Chen, C. &amp; Sigwart, J.

Established in 1964, the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species has evolved to become the world’s most comprehensive information source on the global conservation status of animal, fungi and plant species.

Topic: Mollusks and Parasites Studies
Subfield: Insect Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences