jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Experiences of Six Asian International Graduate Students in Online Courses

This study explored online experiences of six Asian international graduate students in the United States (U.S.). The qualitative research study used a narrative analysis approach that collected data from semi-structured interviews. Three major themes emerged: (1) classroom differences, (2) positive attitude toward online courses and (3) sociocultural experiences in online courses. The key findings were: a)participants shared differences between their teacher centered instructional delivery in their home county to student centered instructional delivery in the U.S.; b) most participants had positive experiences in online classes when it comes to flexibility and convenience, but wanted more opportunities to interact directly with instructors and classmates; and c) participants felt a sense of belonging when there were inclusiveness from professors and classmates.

Topic: Online and Blended Learning
Subfield: Education
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
A review on green synthesis and recent applications of red nano Selenium

As an essential micronutrient, the selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) are gaining much importance in therapeutics, agriculture, nutrient supplements, and antimicrobial agents. Different techniques can synthesize these SeNPs. Nowadays, biological synthesis is favored because it is environmentally safe, least toxic, more stable, and requires less energy. The whole microbial cells or their extracts with added selenium oxyanions or selenium dioxides as the precursor synthesize SeNPs after incubation. The elemental selenium (Se0) is significantly less toxic than its oxyanions, selenite, and selenate. Selenomethionine and selenocysteine are the primary organic forms of Se, involved in many proteins. Therefore, transforming these toxic materials into a biologically safe atomic structure becomes essential. Many microorganisms convert the environmentally available toxic selenium oxyanions such as selenate or selenite into less toxic elemental Se nanoparticles (Se0). These microbes work as bio-nano-factories that utilize the Se anions into their metabolic pathways and detoxify them by forming the nanomaterial as the byproduct. In respiration, they may even use the selenite /selenate as a final electron acceptor. This review focuses on the biological methods for SeNPs synthesis, using various microbes reported and their applications in different fields.

Topic: Selenium in Biological Systems
Subfield: Nutrition and Dietetics
Field: Nursing
Domain: Health Sciences
Pengaruh Kuala Lumpur Composite Index (KLCI), Strait Times Index (STI), Philiphinnes Indexs (PSEi), Terhadap Indeks Harga Saham Gabungan (IHSG)

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan bukti empiris tentang Pengaruh Kuala Lumpur Composite Index (KLCI), Strait Times Index (STI), Philiphinnes Index (PSEi) terhadap Indeks Harga Saham Gabungan (IHSG) . sampel penelitian ini sebanyak 4 bursa dari 9 bursa yang ada di kawasan regional. Metode statistic yang digunakan untuk menguji hipotesis penelitian adalah analisis regresi linier berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa secara parsial kuala Lumpur Composite Index (KLCI) tidak memiliki pengaruh dengan tingkat signifikansi 0,106 terhadap Indeks Harga Saham Gabungan (IHSG) sedangkan Strait Times Index (STI) dan Philiphinnes Index (PSEi) mempunyai pengaruh dengan tingkat signifikansi sebesar 0,000 terhadap Indeks Harga Saham Gabungan, Adapun Kuala Lumpur Composite Index (KLCI), Strait Times Index (STI) dan Philiphinnes Index (PSEi) secara serempak (simultan) mempunyai pengaruh dengan tingkat signifikansi sebesar 0,000 terhadap Indeks Harga Saham Gabungan (IHSG) di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI).

Topic: Financial Analysis and Corporate Governance
Subfield: Accounting
Field: Business, Management and Accounting
Domain: Social Sciences
Recent advances in electrospinning supramolecular systems

Electrospinning based on supramolecular systems is an innovative strategy for developing nanostructured scaffolds or membranes, and it has been attracting much research interest in the fields of electrospinning as well as supramolecular chemistry.

Topic: Electrospun Nanofibers in Biomedical Applications
Subfield: Biomaterials
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Further Studies on Guinea Pig and Rabbit Cytophilic Antibodies Directed Against Human Serum Albumin

The fixation of guinea pig and rabbit cytophilic antibodies to normal cells of homologous origin was investigated. For both systems, PE cells were found to fix antibody most efficiently. Spleen cells from other animal species were also shown to fix both guinea pig and rabbit cytophilic antibodies; human spleen cells showed the highest levels of fixation. Interference in the fixation of cytophilic antibodies to homologous spleen cells of guinea pig and rabbit origin was effected when absorptions were carried out in the presence of homologous and heterologous normal serum protein; with the guinea pig system, the presence of one &amp;#8216;cytophilic&amp;#8217; antibody did not lead to levels of interference in antibody fixation of a second cytophilic antibody which were higher than those induced with normal serum proteins. Destruction of antibody receptor site activity by trypsin was not demonstrable for PE cells whereas the receptor site responsible for fixation of rabbit IgG but not IgM cytophilic antibody was shown to be highly susceptible to proteolytic enzyme treatment. Localized hemolysis in gel was produced using normal guinea pig and rabbit cells passively coated with homologous cytophilic antibody. Whereas the cytophilic antibody activity of guinea pig serum was previously shown to involve only the IgG class of immunoglobulins, the present report provides evidence for both IgM and IgG cytophilic antibody production in the rabbit.

Topic: Monoclonal and Polyclonal Antibodies Research
Subfield: Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Mouse models for spontaneous dermatitis due to impaired skin barrier formation

Flaky tail mice possess two distinct autosomal recessive mutations, hair abnormality (matted: ma) and stratum corneum layer abnormality (flaky tail: ft), and develop dermatitis spontaneously with high serum IgE even under specific pathogen free condition. We demonstrated that flaky tail mice possess loss of function mutation in Filaggrin (Flg) which is one of the major component of stratum corneum, and showed skin barrier abnormality, although our genetically engineered Flg null mice did not develop dermatitis spontaneously. As a result of segregation of ft and ma mutations, we identified that ma mutation is responsible for the dermatitis phenotype in flaky tail mice, and Tmem79 nonsense mutation (Tmem79(ma)) is corresponding to the ma mutation. Tmem79 is expressed in outermost cell of stratum granulosum layer, and ma mice showed abnormal lamellar granule secretory system and abnormal formation of stratum corneum. Thus, Tmem79(ma/ma) mice provides a useful mouse model for spontaneous dermatitis caused by skin barrier gene deficiency. Further analysis for Tmem79(ma/ma) mice would elucidate important mechanisms for development of atopic dermatitis.

Topic: Dermatology and Skin Diseases
Subfield: Dermatology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Silicon Nanowires/Reduced Graphene Oxide Composites for Enhanced Photoelectrochemical Properties

The top of silicon nanowires (SiNWs) arrays was coated with reduced graphene oxide (rGO) by the facile spin-coating method. The resulting SiNWs/rGO composite exhibits enhanced photoelectrochemical properties, with short-circuit photocurrent density more than 4 times higher than that of the pristine SiNWs and more than 600 times higher than that of planar Si/rGO composite. The trapping and recombination of photogenerated carriers at the surface state of SiNWs were reduced after the application of rGO. The results of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy measurements suggest that the reduction of trapping and recombination of photogenerated carriers as well as remarkably enhancement of photoelectrochemical properties can be attributed to the low charge transfer resistance at the SiNWs-rGO interface and rGO-electrolyte interface. The method and results shown here indicate a convenient and applicable approach to further exploitation of high activity materials for photoelectrochemical applications.

Topic: Nanowire Synthesis and Applications
Subfield: Biomedical Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Talk to Papers: Bringing Neural Question Answering to Academic Search

We introduce Talk to Papers, which exploits the recent open-domain question answering (QA) techniques to improve the current experience of academic search. It's designed to enable researchers to use natural language queries to find precise answers and extract insights from a massive amount of academic papers. We present a large improvement over classic search engine baseline on several standard QA datasets and provide the community a collaborative data collection tool to curate the first natural language processing research QA dataset via a community effort.

Topic: Topic Modeling
Subfield: Artificial Intelligence
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Asymptotic analysis of the Askey-scheme II: from Charlier to Hermite

We analyze the Hermite polynomials $H_{n}(ξ)$ and their zeros asymptotically as $n\to\infty,$ using the limit relation between the Charlier and Hermite polynomials. Our formulas involve some special functions and they yield very accurate approximations.

Topic: Mathematical functions and polynomials
Subfield: Applied Mathematics
Field: Mathematics
Domain: Physical Sciences
531 Comparison of Clinical Estimation and Stereophotogrammic Instrumented Imaging of Burn Scar Height and Volume

Abstract Introduction Descriptive clinical tools for the characterization of burn scar features are limited by variability between users and unknown sensitivity to change over time. We have previously described pre-clinical assessment of stereophotogrammetry as a valid measure of burn related scar and in this study compare the estimated vs. instrumented measurement of maximum height and total positive volume of burn scars in a tertiary care adult outpatient burn clinic. Methods This study was approved by our university’s research ethics board. All participants provided written informed consent. Persons 18 years or older presenting to an outpatient burn clinic with closed burn scar that may be captured in a single image were enrolled in the study. Patients with scars from other injuries or who were unable to provide consent were excluded. Photographs of burn scars were taken with a commercially available 3D camera. Three experienced wound care therapists estimated the maximum height and total positive volume of the collected images. The images were assessed with stereophotogrammic software with results exported to a spreadsheet for further analysis. Two factor analysis without replication was performed to calculate intra-class correlation coefficients (ICC) between the assessors estimated scar height and volume and the measured height and volume. Two sided Wilcoxon tests were performed comparing mean estimated height and volume between estimated and measured output. Results Fifteen participants with a mean age of 42.6 (21-68) were enrolled. Twenty-six scar images were taken from wounds that were managed by non operative treatment (20), excision and grafting (5), and 1 image was collected from a skin graft donor site. Scar images were taken of the trunk and extremities, but none of the head nor neck. The estimated maximum scar height ICC was 0.595 and volume 0.531. The measured scar height ICC was 0.933 and volume 0.890. Wilcoxon tests of estimated and measured volume were significantly different (z = -2.87, p = 0.041). Comparison of estimated and measured height were not significant (z = -1.39, p 0.161). Conclusions Stereophotogrammic measurement of maximum scar height and total scar volume is more reliable than clinical photograph assessment. Clinical estimation of scar volume is significantly less than instrumented measurement, although maximum estimated vs. measured scar height was not significant in this study. There are limitations in measuring scar properties for image capture that exceeds the visual field.

Topic: Wound Healing and Treatments
Subfield: Rehabilitation
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
NON-DIABETIC GLYCOSURIA

A light or even a heavy glycosuria is not an uncommon finding in the routine examination of patients. In Table I, I have collected references to such findings as have been reported by various observers in the recent literature. Noteworthy among these observations are those in which the condition had been observed over very prolonged periods, viz., from 3 to 35 years. Various terms have been applied to this non-diabetic type of glycosuria. Thus it has been called diabetes innocens; renal diabetes; renal glycosuria. Such terms as the last two of these are misnomers since glycosuria is always renal, being dependent upon the renal threshold as well as the glycemic level. Glycosuria innocens is a better term since it indicates at least the non-diabetic character of the glycosuria—but for this very reason, since whenever glycosuria is present it is imperative to determine whether or not it is due to a diabetic condition, I have adopted the term non-diabetic glycosuria as most applicable to glycosuria of this type.

Topic: Diabetes and associated disorders
Subfield: Genetics
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Reconstructing Health Profiles from Skeletal Remains

This chapter provides a selective review of nine skeletal and dental lesions that have been used to construct the skeletal database employed in the development of the health index. These lesions are described within a biosocial framework. Change in length of subadult long bones can identify differences in nutrition and health. Linear enamel hypoplasias provide information on the severity and temporal pattern of stress during infancy and childhood. Porotic hyperostosis is a lesion of the skull associated with iron deficiency. Bony responses to bacterial infections are associated with differences in contact with bacteria and the levels of resistance. Patterns of healed fractures indicate activities that include livingon difficult terrain, hazardous occupations, and the extent of warfare and interpersonal violence. Osteoarthritis indicates the degree of regular strenuous activity and quality of life. Dental decay and tooth loss have functional significance for nutritional status.

Topic: Forensic Anthropology and Bioarchaeology Studies
Subfield: Archeology
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Polyubiquitin-Proteasomal Degradation of Leucine-Rich Repeat Kinase 2 Wildtype and G2019S

Parkinson disease (PD) is becoming one of the most neurodegenerative disorder worldwide.The deposited aggregates have been connected in the pathophysiology of PD, which are degraded either by ubiquitin-proteasomal system (UPS) or autophagy-lysosomal pathway (ALP).Leucin-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2), one of the neurodegenerative proteins of PD is also stringently controlled by both UPS and ALP degradation as well.However, the polyubiquitination pattern of LRRK2 aggregates is largely unknown.Here, we found that K63-linked polyubiquitinations of G2019S mutant, most familial variant for PD, is highly enhanced compared to those of wild type LRRK2 (WT).In addition, in the presence of overexpressed p62/SQSTM-1, ubiquitination of LRRK2 WT or D1994A was reduced, whereas G2019S mutant was not diminished significantly.Therefore, we propose that degradation of G2019S via UPS is more involved with K63-linked ubiquitination than K48-linked ubiquitination, and overexpressed p62/SQSTM-1 does not enhance degradative effect on G2019S variant.

Topic: Ubiquitin and proteasome pathways
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Insulin Resistance/Hyperinsulinemia as an Independent Risk Factor That Has Been Overlooked for Too Long

Unfortunately, cardiovascular diseases and cancers are still the leading causes of death in developed and developing countries despite the considerable progress made in the prevention and treatment of diseases. Maybe we missed something? Insulin resistance (IR) with associated hyperinsulinemia (Hypein) is a silent pandemic whose prevalence is continually growing in developed and developing countries, now exceeding 51% of the general population. IR/Hypein, despite the vast scientific literature supporting its adverse action on the development of type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular alterations, tumors, neurological disorders, and cellular senescence, is not yet considered an independent risk factor and, therefore, is not screened in the general population and adequately treated. There are now numerous substances, drugs, and natural substances that, in association with the correction of a wrong lifestyle, can help to reduce IR/Hypein. We are convinced that the time has come to implement a prevention plan against this critical risk factor. Therefore, this manuscript aims to highlight IR/Hypein as an independent risk factor for type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, cancers, cellular senescence, and neuropsychiatric disorders, supporting our conviction with the available scientific literature on the topic.

Topic: Metabolism, Diabetes, and Cancer
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Assessment Of Electrical Safety Beliefs And Practices: A Case Study

In this paper, the electrical safety beliefs and practices in Hail region, Saudi Arabia, have been assessed. Based on legislative recommendations and rules applied in Saudi Arabia, on official statistics regarding the electricity-caused accidents and on the analysis of more than 200 photos captured in Hail (related to electrical safety), a questionnaire composed of 36 questions (10 for the respondents information, 16 for the home safety culture and 10 for the electrical devices purchasing culture) has been devised and distributed to residents. 228 responses have been collected and analyzed. Using a scale similar to the one adopted for a university student GPA calculation, the electrical safety level (ESL) in Hail region has been found to be 0.76 (in a scale of 4 points) which is a very low score and indicates a poor electrical safety culture. Several recommendations involving different competent authorities have been proposed. Future work will concern the assessment of safety in industrial companies in Hail region.

Topic: Risk and Safety Analysis
Subfield: Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty
Field: Decision Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Ecology in Times of Scarcity

In an energy-scarce future, ecosystem services will become more important in supporting the human economy. The primary role of ecology will be the sustainable management of ecosystems. Energy scarcity will affect ecology in a number of ways. Ecology will become more expensive, which will be justified by its help in solving societal problems, especially in maintaining ecosystem services. Applied research on highly productive ecosystems, including agroecosystems, will dominate ecology. Ecology may become less collegial and more competitive. Biodiversity preservation will be closely tied to preservation of productive ecosystems and provision of high ecosystem services. Restoration and management of rich natural ecosystems will be as important as protection of existing wild areas. Energy-intensive micromanagement of ecosystems will become less feasible. Ecotechnology and, more specifically, ecological engineering and self-design are appropriate bases for sustainable ecosystem management. We use the Mississipp...

Topic: Global Energy and Sustainability Research
Subfield: Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment
Field: Energy
Domain: Physical Sciences
FNR‐Like Proteins in Rhizobia: Past and Future

Rhizobium etli is a Gram-negative soil bacteria that are able to establish a symbiotic association with the common bean plant Phaseolus vulgaris, leading to the formation of N2-fixing root nodules. A key checkpoint of this energetic-expensive process is the drop in oxygen concentration. In R. etli, the regulatory network that responds to low oxygen is somewhat different from the circuit described in Sinorhizobium meliloti and Bradyrhizobium japonicum. Expression of the fix genes including the symbiotic cytochrome oxidase (cbb3) is regulated by a phosphorelay system composed of at least two proteins, a hybrid FixL-related histidine kinase and FxkR a response regulator that belongs to the OmpR/PhoB superfamily. Downstream of this, two-component system are five regulators from the FNR/CRP superfamily: FixKf, FnrNch, FnrNd, StoRd, StoRf, and NnrR. In this chapter, we aim to discuss relevant aspects on the role of FNR-like regulators within an intricate regulatory network that controls nitrogen fixation in R. etli.

Topic: Legume Nitrogen Fixing Symbiosis
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
The <i>Samagra</i> anti‐poverty programme in Madhya Pradesh: Integrating household data, overcoming silo‐problems and leaving nobody behind

Abstract Motivation To “leave nobody behind” a state must maintain a comprehensive database of individuals and households within its jurisdiction. Such a database can also assist in overcoming silo‐based fragmentation in government anti‐poverty programmes and services. We explore the process of establishing such a database through a case study of the Samagra programme in the Indian state of Madhya Pradesh. Research questions How was Samagra conceived and implemented, given the political, administrative and technical challenges confronting large data and programme consolidation in the public sector? What are the benefits and potential risks to rationalizing social protection programmes of this kind? Approach The article is an extended case study based on the main author’s experience and reflection as a leading participant in Samagra . It also draws on official evaluations of Samagra . Findings Samagra demonstrates that it is feasible to rationalize siloed social protection programmes. It also demonstrates the scope for shifting welfare provision from being demand‐led to entitlement‐based. The successful establishment of Samagra arose from a shared narrative of improvement at state, national and global levels, strong political and administrative leadership at the state level, and the potential for relatively quick and substantial budgetary pay‐offs. The efficiency gains achieved must be balanced against risks arising from the state’s centralization of data. Policy implications The Samagra model is already being emulated in other states across India, and there is also scope for other countries to learn from it, particularly those with fragmented social protection systems. While holding out the promise of leaving fewer citizens behind in pursuit of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) the approach also accentuates the need to strengthen the governance and public accountability of consolidated data, particularly when linked to public entitlements.

Topic: Income, Poverty, and Inequality
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Our Straitlaced Administrators: The Law, Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgendered Educational Administrators, and the Assimilationist Imperative

Drawing upon queer legal theory, historical policy analysis, and social, legal, and educational history, this article explores the legal foundations and maintenance of what I describe as the assimilationist imperative for lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgendered administrators working in public schools.

Topic: Race, History, and American Society
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences