jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Additional file 1 of New methods for assessing secondary performance attributes of sunscreens suitable for professional outdoor work

Additional file 1. Table AF 1: Inclusion and exclusion criteria for study participation. Fig. AF 1: Evaluation of absorption time. Absorption time was assessed 1, 2, and 3 min after test product application and, if applicable, 10 min after application, if not yet absorbed after 3 min. Data show percentages of “yes” ratings at assessment time. Single subjects stated an absorption time of 10 min regarding products P5 – P 10 while none of the subjects stated an absorption time longer than 3 min for codes P1, P2, P3 and P4. The shortest time to be absorbed was found for code P8. Fig. AF 2: Evaluation of subjective evaluation of skin feeling on wood. Subjective evaluation of skin feeling on a wooden bar after an absorption time of 3 min. Participants rated subjective skin feeling on a 5-point Likert scale. Favorable: Includes the answers for “very good skin feeling”, “good skin feeling” and “moderate skin feeling”. Unfavorable: Includes the answers for “unpleasant skin feeling” and “very unpleasant skin feeling”. Fig. AF 3: Evaluation of subjective evaluation of skin feeling on metal. Subjective evaluation of skin feeling on a metal bar after an absorption time of 3 min. Participants rated subjective skin feeling on a 5-point Likert scale. Favorable: Includes the answers for “very good skin feeling”, “good skin feeling” and “moderate skin feeling”. Unfavorable: Includes the answers for “unpleasant skin feeling” and “very unpleasant skin feeling. Figure AF 4: Evaluation of non-slip grip on wood. Subjective evaluation of non-slip grip on a wooden bar after an absorption time of 3 minutes. Participants rated subjective grip on a 5-point Likert scale. The best assessment for grip 3 minutes after product application was achieved by product P8 (about 96% favorable answers). Lowest frequencies of favorable answers were obtained for products P5, P9 and P3 (between 50% and 58% favorable answers). Favorable: Includes the answers for “very good grip”, “good grip” and “moderate grip”. Unfavorable: Includes the answers for “slippery” and “very slippery“. Figure AF 5: Evaluation of non-slip grip on metal. Subjective evaluation of non-slip grip on a metal bar after an absorption time of 3 minutes. Participants rated subjective grip on a 5-point Likert scale. The best assessment for grip 3 minutes after product application was achieved by product P2 (about 88% favorable answers). Lowest frequencies of favorable answers were obtained for products P5 and P9 (between 42% and 58% favorable answers). Favorable: Includes the answers for “very good grip”, “good grip” and “moderate grip”. Unfavorable: Includes the answers for “slippery” and “very slippery”.

Topic: Skin Protection and Aging
Subfield: Dermatology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Learning Preferences with Millions of Parameters by Enforcing Sparsity

We study the retrieval task that ranks a set of objects for a given query in the pair wise preference learning framework. Recently researchers found out that raw features (e.g. words for text retrieval) and their pair wise features which describe relationships between two raw features (e.g. word synonymy or polysemy) could greatly improve the retrieval precision. However, most existing methods can not scale up to problems with many raw features (e.g. English vocabulary), due to the prohibitive computational cost on learning and the memory requirement to store a quadratic number of parameters. In this paper, we propose to learn a sparse representation of the pair wise features under the preference learning framework using the L1 regularization. Based on stochastic gradient descent, an online algorithm is devised to enforce the sparsity using a mini-batch shrinkage strategy. On multiple benchmark datasets, we show that our method achieves better performance with fast convergence, and takes much less memory on models with millions of parameters.

Topic: Advanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques
Subfield: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
CCDC 791051: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.

Topic: Crystallization and Solubility Studies
Subfield: Materials Chemistry
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
To determine the factors that influence customer buying behaviour (Generation Y) towards purchasing Amanah Saham Nasional Berhad (ASNB) products / Mohammad Iskandar Karib and Nor Ain Nadia Zamran

All companies need strategies in order to survive or to become a leader in the market nowadays, therefore a research study towards finding the suitable strategies for Amanah Saham Nasional Berhad had been carried out. This research attempts to determine the influence of the independent variables (financial literacy, family background, and Syariah compliance) on the Gen Y buying behaviour towards purchasing ASNB products. Survey questionnaires were distributed to the students of UiTM Malacca City Campus, Malacca. A Likert Scale has been formed in the questionnaire. The results of the research were obtained by using three methods of analysis which are frequency distribution, reliability test, and Pearson correlation. Furthermore, the process of analyzing and interpreting the data was being presented through tables. Eventually, the results of this study showing that family background is the most influential factor that contributes the Gen Y buying behavior towards purchasing ASNB products.

Topic: Consumer Behavior and Marketing Influence
Subfield: Marketing
Field: Business, Management and Accounting
Domain: Social Sciences
Literature Reviews of Internal Aspects of Individual Taxpayers That Influence Tax-Paying Compliance

Studies on individual taxpayer compliance have been carried out. Several internal factors from within the taxpayer can affect taxpayer compliance. In this study, researchers will identify any internal factors affecting taxpayer compliance in paying taxes. Researchers reviewed 20 articles related to internal factors that can affect tax compliance. Such internal factors include tax morale, education level, income level, age, and gender. According to the 20 articles, there are still inconsistencies. Several studies have stated that these internal factors affect taxpayer compliance. Another study states that the internal factors did not affect taxpayer compliance.

Topic: Taxation and Compliance Studies
Subfield: Economics and Econometrics
Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance
Domain: Social Sciences
Vibration Isolation Control Via Simultaneous Left and Right Eigenvector Assignment

The objective of this research is to investigate the feasibility of utilizing the simultaneous left and right eigenvector assignment concept for vibration isolation feedback control design. The purpose of the right eigenvector assignment method is to alter the closed-loop system modes such that the modal components corresponding to the concerned regions (isolation end of an isolator) have relatively small amplitude. Correspondently, the design goal of left eigenvector assignment is to alter the left eigenvectors of the closed-loop system so that they are as closely orthogonal to the system’s forcing vectors as possible. With this approach, one can achieve both disturbance rejection and modal confinement concurrently for the purpose of vibration isolation. In this research, a new formulation is developed so that the desired left eigenvectors of this integrated system are selected through solving a generalized eigenvalue problem, where the orthogonality indices between the forcing vector and the left eigenvectors are minimized. The components of right eigenvectors corresponding to the concerned regions are minimized concurrently. To realistically implement the algorithm, an integrated closed-loop system with state estimator is developed. Numerical simulations are performed to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed method on concurrent disturbance rejection and modal confinement for a isolator rod design. Frequency responses of the isolator in the selected frequency range are illustrated. It is shown that with the simultaneous left-right eigenvector assignment technique, both disturbance rejection and modal confinement can be achieved, and thus the vibration amplitude in the isolated regions can be suppressed significantly.

Topic: Vibration Control and Rheological Fluids
Subfield: Civil and Structural Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Self-Assembling Structures of Long-Chain Phenyl Glucoside Influenced by the Introduction of Double Bonds

Four long-chain phenyl glucoside amphiphiles possessing a saturated or unsaturated long alkyl chain group as the self-assembling unit of a highly organized molecular architecture were synthesized. Their self-assembling properties were investigated by EF-TEM, SEM, CD, FT-IR, and XRD. Compound 2 possessing one double bond in the lipophilic portion showed twisted helical fibers, which formed a bilayered structure with a 3.59 nm period, while compound 3 showed the helical ribbons and left-handed nanotubular structures with 150-200 nm inner diameters and ca. 20 nm of wall. Very interestingly, compound 4 possessing three double bonds showed a nanotubular structure with ca. 70 nm of inner diameter through a helical ribbon, which formed a loose bilayered structure with 4.62 nm. These results indicate that self-assembling properties strongly depend on the number of cis double bonds.

Topic: Supramolecular Self-Assembly in Materials
Subfield: Biomaterials
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
<i>cis</i>-4-(Piperazin-1-yl)-5,6,7a,8,9,10,11,11a-octahydrobenzofuro[2,3-<i>h</i>]quinazolin-2-amine (A-987306), A New Histamine H<sub>4</sub>R Antagonist that Blocks Pain Responses against Carrageenan-Induced Hyperalgesia

cis-4-(Piperazin-1-yl)-5,6,7a,8,9,10,11,11a-octahydrobenzofuro[2,3-h]quinazolin-2-amine, 4 (A-987306) is a new histamine H(4) antagonist. The compound is potent in H(4) receptor binding assays (rat H(4), K(i) = 3.4 nM, human H(4) K(i) = 5.8 nM) and demonstrated potent functional antagonism in vitro at human, rat, and mouse H(4) receptors in cell-based FLIPR assays. Compound 4 also demonstrated H(4) antagonism in vivo in mice, blocking H(4)-agonist induced scratch responses, and showed anti-inflammatory activity in mice in a peritonitis model. Most interesting was the high potency and efficacy of this compound in blocking pain responses, where it showed an ED(50) of 42 mumol/kg (ip) in a rat post-carrageenan thermal hyperalgesia model of inflammatory pain.

Topic: Mast cells and histamine
Subfield: Immunology
Field: Immunology and Microbiology
Domain: Life Sciences
Information Handling in the Behavioral Sciences

Within the behavioral sciences, a surprising breadth of interest exists in information handling capabilities, as is shown in this report of a conference sponsored by The Galton Institute, Los Angeles. Dr. Frieda Libaw is Executive Director of the Galton Institute, which is devoted to the scientific study and dissemination of information on perceptual-cognitive-creative processes.

Topic: scientometrics and bibliometrics research
Subfield: Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty
Field: Decision Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Tingkat Kecemasan pada Lansia yang Dilakukan Terapi Teknik Relaksasi Otot Progresif dan Terapi Reminiscence

Anxiety experienced by the elderly in Indonesia is very high. Anxiety disorders in the elderly reach 5.5%, which is often experienced by those aged 60 years and over. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of progressive muscle relaxation techniques and reminiscence therapy on the level of anxiety in the elderly. This research is a quasi-experimental study, with a total sampling technique of 30 respondents who were divided into 2 groups. The instrument in this study used HARS. Data analysis using paired samples test and GLM. The results showed a decrease in anxiety levels after the intervention with p-value=0.000. The results obtained in these two interventions were a p-value of 0.000&lt;0.05, it can be concluded that there was a change in the value of decreasing anxiety in the elderly before and after the progressive muscle relaxation technique and reminiscence therapy was carried out. Suggestions for further researchers need to do similar research with the addition of a larger number of respondents. Therefore, intervention was carried out not in groups, and different sample criteria were carried out to get maximum results.

Topic: Mental Health and Well-being
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Modeling Design and Management of Residential Community for Enhancing Elderly Well-Being in Thai Cultural and Spiritual Environments

This research presents factors related to the environmental perceptions, the residential community,and the design of spiritual and healing environments, which effect the elderly Thai population. Theresearch revealed that their needs were identified as 1) the requirements of general facilities and activities,2) requirements of facilities related to health and security, and 3) the requirements of facilities related tophysical exercise. The results show that the characteristics of the elderly have a direct effect on a varietyof requirements needed in the residential community. From observing and interviewing three case studies,the concept of the spiritual environment was necessary for the elderly Thais. The result led to formulatingappropriate policies in design and management of the residential community to enhance the quality of life,both physically and mentally, of elderly Thais.

Topic: Architecture and Cultural Influences
Subfield: Archeology
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Salutogenic presence supports a healthpromoting work life

Many employees of the Norwegian municipal health services retire beforereaching retirement age. In Norway, initiatives to retain health care workers are part of a broad strategy to retain older workers in all occupations and professions. The study is explorative and qualitative. It explores older workers’ (50 +) perceptions of presence and work-related well-being. Multi-stage focus groups, individual in-depth interviews, and qualitative content analyses were carried out. To promote presence, it must be understood as somewhat more than the opposite of absence. Salutogenic presence has four characteristics: Sense of usefulness; Relational quality: wanting the best for each other; Mastery; Zest for work. Experiencing and exploring the characteristics of presence in the workplace stimulate salutogenic presence and build health-promoting working life for seniors. A leader's role is to facilitate the process and to acknowledge the characteristics.

Topic: Health, psychology, and well-being
Subfield: General Health Professions
Field: Health Professions
Domain: Health Sciences
Estimating requirement values for apparent faecal digestible and standardised ileal digestible methionine+cysteine in broilers by a metaanalysis approach

This study provides an update of the requirement values for apparent faecal digestible and standardised ileal digestible methionine+cysteine in broilers by a meta-analysis approach.

Topic: Animal Nutrition and Physiology
Subfield: Animal Science and Zoology
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Reduced Oxidative Stress Promotes NF-κB-Mediated Neuroprotective Gene Expression after Transient Focal Cerebral Ischemia: Lymphocytotrophic Cytokines and Antiapoptotic Factors

Nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) is activated by oxidative stress such as that induced by transient focal cerebral ischemia (tFCI). Whether NF-κB has a role in cell survival or death in stroke is a matter of debate. We proposed that the status of oxidative stress may determine its role in cell death or survival after focal ischemia. To characterize the coordinated expression of genes in NF-κB signaling after mild cerebral ischemia, we investigated the temporal profile of a NF-κB-pathway-focused DNA array after 30 mins of tFCI in wild-type (WT) mice and human copper/zinc-superoxide dismutase transgenic (SOD1 Tg) mice that had a significantly reduced level of superoxide. Differentially expressed genes among 96 NF-κB-related genes were further confirmed and compared in the WT and SOD1 Tg mice using quantitative polymerase chain reaction, Western blotting, and immunohistochemistry. Persistent upregulation of NF-κB seen at 7 days in the WT mice was decreased in the SOD1 Tg mice. Lymphocytotrophic cytokine genes such as interleukin-2, interleukin-12, and interferon-α1 were increased in the SOD1 Tg mice compared with the WT mice after tFCI. In addition, antiapoptosis factors bcl-2 and tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 1 rapidly increased in the SOD1 Tg mice compared with the WT mice. This study indicates that reduced oxidative stress by SOD1 overexpression increased NF-κB-related rapid defenses, such as immune response and antiapoptosis factors, and prevented brain damage after tFCI-induced oxidative stress.

Topic: Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
Subfield: Neurology
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences
IS THERE A POST-SECULAR FOREIGN POLICY? A UK PERSPECTIVE

Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image size Additional informationNotes on contributorsJane Lindsay graduated from the University of Cambridge in 2005, before joining the UK Civil Service “Fast Stream” program. She developed her government career in a variety of corporate and policy development positions, most recently acting as senior policy adviser in security and counter-terrorism policy to the National Security Council. In 2010, she took a career break from this post to complete her Ph.D., on completion of which she will return to Government.

Topic: Religion and Society Interactions
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
DEPOSIT PROTECTION BOARD v BARCLAYS BANK PLC

This case concerned the validity of a scheme entered into by some depositors in the Bank of Credit and Commerce International (hereinafter referred to as ‘BCCI’) in order to increase the level of payouts from the Deposit Protection Fund in respect of their original deposits with BCCI.

Topic: Law, logistics, and international trade
Subfield: Accounting
Field: Business, Management and Accounting
Domain: Social Sciences
Symbols and the culture of memory in Republika Srpska Krajina

This article examines how rebel Serbs in Croatia reinterpreted narratives of World War Two to justify their uprising against the democratically elected Croatian government in 1990 and gain domestic and international legitimacy for the Republika Srpska Krajina (RSK) parastate. While scholars have written about the strategies nationalist elites used regarding controversial symbols and the rehabilitation of World War Two collaborators in Croatia and other Yugoslav successor states, the RSK's “culture of memory” has received little attention. Based on documents captured after the RSK's defeat in 1995, this article shows that it was not only the government of Franjo Tudjman that rejected the Partisan narratives of “Brotherhood and Unity,” but a parallel process took place among the leadership in the Krajina. Ultimately the decision to base the historical foundations of the Croatian Serbs’ political goals on a chauvinist and extremist interpretation of the past resulted in a criminalized entity that ended tragically for both Serbs and Croats living on the territory of the RSK.

Topic: Balkans: History, Politics, Society
Subfield: Cultural Studies
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
PERSONHOOD, SELF, DIFFERENCE, AND DIALOGUE (COMMENTARY ON CHAUDHARY)

The self, or is an intriguing but challenging topic in the social sciences. Relationships and interactions among self/person, body, mind, and sociality are universal cultural preoccupations, although these categories are not delineated in identical ways across cultures, or even within the same culture, and they do not remain the same over time. Local concepts of personhood or self are notoriously difficult to detach from the culture- bound analytical classifications and a priori assumptions of researchers. Chaudhary's essay on self-other dynamics in India (Chaudhary, 2008) paves the way toward opening up new theoretical spaces to explore the concept of person contextually and dynamically, revealing more nuanced aspects of self/other negotiations in dialogical constructions. Here, the person or self emerges not as a reified, static attribute, but as part of a dynamic process. This commentary takes up Chaudhary's article, exploring ways in which it resonates with anthropological discussions of personhood/self and more general theorizing on culture.

Topic: Anthropological Studies and Insights
Subfield: Anthropology
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Methodology for Development of Laboratory-Based Comprehensive Foam Model for Use in Reservoir Simulation of EOR

Abstract An integrated methodology is presented for development of a comprehensive empirical foam model based on tailored laboratory tests and representative numerical simulations that encompass processes of foam generation, coalescence, shear thinning along with rheological characteristics and flow regimes. Multitude of steady state and unsteady state laboratory experiments of foam floods in a vertical column of sandpack with and without oil at different surfactant concentrations and at varied gas-surfactant solution injection rates are designed, conducted and analyzed. The logic and basis for the conduct of each of these experiments are provided. Test results from experiments in the presence of oil provide information on the oil-induced foam-lamella coalescence functions. Unsteady state experiments are conducted to characterize foam generation and foam dry-out phenomena, while steady state experiments capture the effects of foam quality, foam velocity and surfactant concentration. Process-based numerical simulations of these experimental results are combined with analytical solutions of foam flow equations to provide a methodology for comprehensive foam model. Simulations of unsteady state foam flow experiments with and without oil saturation quantify the foam generation and coalescence function parameters. A procedure is presented to fully model the effect of surfactant concentration on foam strength and quantify all concentration function parameters, and in particular, epsurf. The combination of sound mathematical principles of governing foam flow equations and numerical simulation techniques is shown to be the key for uniquely defining the empirical foam model parameters and for preserving consistency with simulations of foam flow processes.

Topic: Enhanced Oil Recovery Techniques
Subfield: Ocean Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Intrinsic challenges in x-ray spectrometry instrumentation with CdTe diode detector

The X-ray spectrometry is subject to a diversity of problems that distort the measured beam. To observe them, spectra from N20, N25, N30, N60, N80, and N100 radiation qualities were obtained and evaluated their non-correction impact in the values of mean energy when compared with the requirements on ISO 4037-1 standard. The error percentages calculated were 2%, 2%, 2%, 11%, 9%, and 6%, respectively, related to partial energy deposition, efficiency loss, and charge trapping. These results suggest the need for correction of measured spectra, mainly for voltages higher than 30 kV.

Topic: Advanced X-ray and CT Imaging
Subfield: Biomedical Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences