jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
KEEPER and Protege: An Elicitation Environment for Bayesian Inference Tools

In this presentation we will discuss the role of Protege in a system designed for eliciting and reasoning with probabilistic models. Information Extraction and Transport, Inc. (IET) is developing the Knowledge Elicitation Environment for Probabilistic Event and Entity Relation (KEEPER) system, a tool for eliciting, storing, updating and implementing probabilistic relational models. A key feature of this tool, and focus of this presentation, is the KEEPER’s ability to elicit probabilistic relational models (PRMs or RPMs) from different sources including subject matter experts. The KEEPER elicitation component implements a single ontology for purposes of constraining and guiding elicitation and for purposes of providing the semantic bedrock for the reintegration of diverse sources and learning from diverse sources. This ontology guides and constrains the probabilistic models created by users. The KEEPER system also implements a first-ordering reasoning tool to support querying and learning and to facilitate the implementation of the PRMs in actual data scenarios. The KEEPER ontology, or tactical modeling language (TML), is stored in Protege and acts as the domain language within which all KEEPER knowledge is represented. The TML can be extended by users, but all terms used in the KEEPER knowledge base must be defined within the TML. However, in this presentation we focus on our utilization of Protege as a tool for the elicitation of PRMs and the implementation of those models in IET’s suite of uncertainty reasoning tools, Quiddity*Suite. We will address three distinct issues: • Implementing Probabilistic relational models in the

Topic: Bayesian Modeling and Causal Inference
Subfield: Artificial Intelligence
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Community participation in the provision of environmental sanitation infrastructure in Akure, Nigeria

Abstract This article assessed community participation in the provision of environmental sanitation infrastructure in Akure, Nigeria. A multi-stage sampling procedure was employed for the study. Four residential zones: the traditional core, the transition zone, the peripheral zone and the public housing district were identified, this was with a view to showcasing the variation in the level of contributions and efforts of different communities based on the delineated areas towards the provision of environmental sanitation infrastructure in the study area. Twenty residential areas were identified across the residential zones of the study area out of which ten areas which represented 50% of the total areas were selected. Ten percent of the total number of buildings in the selected areas were subsequently sampled, resulting in the selection of 180 residents for questionnaire administration. The data collected were analysed using descriptive statistics with frequency used for univariate analysis and cross tabulation for bivariate and multivariate analysis as well as the use of chi-square for inferential statistics. Findings revealed that community participation did not play a leading role in providing environmental sanitation facilities in Akure, but that the government did. This shows that most of the environmental facilities in the area are provided by the government, thus revealing the overdependence of the residents on the government for the provision of environmental sanitation infrastructure. Further findings revealed that most of the challenges faced in the study area in terms of providing environmental sanitation infrastructure had a significant influence on the provision of these facilities. Thus, the study showed that challenges significantly hindered the provision of environmental sanitation facilities in the area.

Topic: Urban and Rural Development Challenges
Subfield: Urban Studies
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Evaluation of different skin regions derived from a postmortem jaguar, <i>Panthera onca</i> (Linnaeus, 1758), after vitrification for development of cryobanks from captive animals

Abstract Biological resource banks represent valuable tools for the conservation of species vulnerable to extinction, such as the jaguar. Cryobanks of skins have the potential to safeguard rare genotypes, allowing the potential exploitation of biological samples in animal multiplication technologies and the study of genetic variability. Determination of the most suitable skin regions for tissue conservation can help increase the efficiency of cryobanks and the storage of biological samples. To this end, we evaluated the effects of vitrification of skin tissues from the ear, caudal, and femoral regions of a post‐mortem jaguar belonging to a zoo in Brazil. Non‐vitrified and vitrified samples were evaluated and compared using quantitative methods, focusing on skin thickness, cell quantification, number of perinuclear halos, collagen and elastic density, and proliferative activity. No differences were observed in skin thickness, number of perinuclear halos, elastic density, and proliferative activity between non‐vitrified and vitrified tissues in skin from any region. However, vitrified tissues derived from femoral skin showed a reduction in the number of fibroblasts, epidermal cells and collagen density compared to non‐vitrified tissues. In summary, the ear and caudal regions provided the best conservation of somatic tissues derived from jaguars, and skin samples from these regions are therefore the most suitable for the formation of cryobanks.

Topic: Forensic Entomology and Diptera Studies
Subfield: Insect Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Concentrations of Trace Elements in Great Lakes Fishes

The concentration of 15 trace elements was determined by activation analysis of samples of whole fish and fish livers from three of the Great Lakes: Michigan, Superior, and Erie. The average concentrations of 7 elements in 19 whole fish from 3 species were as follows: uranium, 3 ppb (parts per billion); thorium, 6 ppb; cobalt, 28 ppb; cadmium, 94 ppb; arsenic, 16 ppb; chromium, 1 ppm; and copper, 1.3 ppm. The average concentrations of 8 elements in 40 liver samples from 10 species of fish were as follows: uranium, −2 ppb; thorium, ≤ 2 ppb; cobalt, 40 ppb; copper, 9 ppm; zinc, 30 ppm; bromine, 0.4 ppm; arsenic, 30 ppb; and cadmium, 0.4 ppm. Other elements observed in most of the samples were: antimony, 5–100 ppb; gold, 2–5 ppb; lanthanum, 1–20 ppb; rhenium, 0.5–5 ppb; rubidium, 0.06–4 ppm; and selenium, 0.1–2 ppb.Trace element concentrations varied with species and lake. Uranium and thorium varied with species, but not for the same species from different lakes. The levels of copper, cobalt, zinc, and bromine varied little between species and lakes. The concentration of cadmium, arsenic, and chromium varied between species and with species between lakes.

Topic: Mercury impact and mitigation studies
Subfield: Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
On the Effects of Including Counterrotating Angular Momentum in Simulations of Galactic Disk Systems

We describe the evolution of two-dimensional disk systems constructed with significant portions of their angular momentum counterrotating. We confirm that counterrotating angular momentum stabilizes an otherwise bar unstable disk. Further, we show that is possible to realize novel bar/disk and bar/bar configurations by varying our initial conditions. We find that it is possible to construct models that evolve to the following configurations: two counterrotating bars, a cospatial bar and bulgelike component, and a slow counterrotating bar. We examine the possible implications of such systems and whether they might exist in nature.

Topic: Astrophysics and Star Formation Studies
Subfield: Astronomy and Astrophysics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Sonnevi Göran. Mozart’s Third Brain.

Even outside the rich world of poetry, Göran Sonnevi, one of the most esteemed poets and translators in contemporary Sweden, is known to almost every Swede.When his thirteenth book, Mozarts Tredje Hjärna was published by Bonniers, Stockholm, in 1996, several Swedish critics mentioned the powerful combination of beauty and terror in his lyrics, and the fact that the poems also consisted of moments of simplicity with a stunning beauty, drawing the reader into big questions about our existence."The reader is in a room where time is a mass in which the whole is constantly accessible, he simultaneously tells about then and now, mixes personal memories with daily news and the historical …" (Arne Johnsson, Bonniers Litterära Magasin, 65.6 [1996], 44).The English translation, Mozart's Third Brain, translated by Rika Lesser, was published by Yale University Press in 2009.The title poem consists of 144 sections marked by Roman numerals and stretches from July 3, 1992, to June 12, 1996.As Rosanna Warren points out in the "Foreword," Sonnevi has "fanned out in long lines" these 144 sections that break "almost every poetic convention" (ix).Mozart's Third Brain is, on the one hand, an encompassing overview of the political unrest and social terror in Africa and the Former Yugoslavia in the first half of the 1990s.But, in another way, it is a conversation with himself and beloved friends, both living and dead.The poems, a journey in time, are often open-ended, with many significant themes such as our existence, politics, social reality, nature, music, language, and friendship.They keep coming back to Mozart, his music, and his genius.Sonnevi describes the way we merge into the infinite world of music, a world without time, without beginning or end-the speaker says "the song alone does not sing" (XXVIII).Images of social reality and music come together: "We are that language also that music," the speaker says in VI.In regard to the situation in Rwanda, the speaker continues: "oil of genocide on our hands, in our society" (XXVII).The speaker declares that "we enter into the infinite brain" (XXXII), a place where not only the political situation in Rwanda is discussed, but also Sarajevo and Srebrenica, and even nature, philosophy, and everyday life.In despair he asks "what holds us together?Only the impossible vision" (XXXII).The speaker in Mozart's Third Brain is tormented by social reality, a dark world, and the loss of dear friends.Music and nature alone provide some comfort from this harsh reality.In contrast to the ugliness in a world filled with violence and its despair, Sonnevi's language provides plenty of solace: for example, "the crocus opens its petals to the stars," as the speaker says in LIII.Some of the poems are conversations with friends who are ill and soon to pass away.To Bengt, after his passing, the speaker says "Now you are in the highest music" (XXXVI).In LXII

Topic: Neurology and Historical Studies
Subfield: Neurology
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences
Making Gender and Sexuality Studies Illegal: Heteronationalism, Anti-gender Mobilization, and the Neoliberal "Utopian" Gaze in Bulgaria, 2018–2023

Abstract: The past decade has witnessed an escalating, well-financed, and well-organized international mobilization against any study, policy, or discussion related to gender or LGBTQI+ issues in many parts of the world. The countries of Central and Eastern Europe have been disproportionately affected by this backlash, resulting in public threats and violence against scholars and representatives of the nongovernmental sector who work on gender and LGBTQI+ issues. The anti-gender mobilization has been extremely successful in Bulgaria, where there have been numerous threats against scholars, nongovernmental organizations, and public figures dealing with gender and sexuality issues. The Bulgarian Constitutional Court was the first court on a global level to pronounce the term "gender" anti-constitutional in response to a request submitted by the government regarding ratification of the so-called Istanbul Convention. Dealing with gender and LGBTQI+ studies in Bulgaria is believed to be "illegal" by many, based on the court's decision. As a result, any approaches to gender and sexuality that do not fit essentialist and religious beliefs have become dangerous and have endangered knowledge in many contexts. In this paper, I discuss the rapid development of the anti-gender mobilization within certain neoliberal discourses and values, and using the concept of a "neoliberal utopian gaze," I outline the challenges gender and sexuality studies have faced. Based on case studies, personal experiences, and public discourses, the paper explores how gender and sexuality studies have been affected by (1) institutional decisions, (2) manipulation of scientific information, (3) radical political populism, (4) transnational religious movements, and (5) the advancement of social media. Finally, the paper discusses possible solutions to this alarming trend, paying particular attention to academic solidarity, knowledge production, and institutionally coordinated policies.

Topic: Gender Politics and Representation
Subfield: Gender Studies
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
KARAKTERISTIK GEOKIMIA PHOSPHOR SEDIMEN PERMUKAAN PERAIRAN MANGUNHARJO (SEMARANG) DAN MARUNDA (JAKARTA)

ABSTRACTThe waters of Mangunharjo, Semarang and Marunda, Jakarta are located in the area of industrial and dense population. There is the activity of industrial, household, urban waste and agricultural in the land or along the river upstream can potentially as a source of pollutants and impacting the aquatic environment. Pollutants get into the water together with a suspension of sediment through river water flow and precipitation in the coastal environment. The study aims to determine the geochemical characteristics of sedimentary phosphor from two different locations. Determination of the phosphate fraction of sediment, using sequential determination extraction (SEDEX). The results showed that the concentration of the inorganic phosphorus sediment fraction has a similar relative distribution of Mangunharjo and Marunda waters i.e. Fe-P Ca-P Ads-P. The concentration of Ads-P, Ca-P, and Fe-P in Mangunharjo water is between 0.20-0.26 μmol g-1, 2.77-3.60 μmol g-1, and 4.60-5.74 μmol g-1 and Marunda water is between 0.28-0.61 μmol g-1, 2.91-4.13 μmol g-1, and 0.92-2.83 μmol g-1, respectively. The grain size of sediments and current patterns affect the distribution of phosphorus fraction.Keywords: Phosphorus fraction, surface sediments, Mangunharjo, MarundaABSTRAKPerairan Mangunharjo, Semarang dan Marunda, Jakarta berada didaerah kawasan industri dan padat penduduk. Terdapatnya aktivitas industri, rumah tangga, limbah perkotaan dan pertanian di daratan ataupun di sepanjang hulu sungai dapat berpotensi sebagai sumber pencemar dan berdampak bagi lingkungan perairan. Bahan pencemar masuk ke perairan bersama-sama muatan sedimen tersuspensi melalui aliran air sungai dan mengalami pengendapan di lingkungan pantai. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik geokimia sedimen phosphor dari dua lokasi yang berbeda. Penentuan lokasi penelitian menggunakan metode purposive sampling. Penentuan fraksi phosphat sedimen, menggunakan ekstraksi bertingkat (SEDEX). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi dari fraksi inorganic phosphor sedimen memiliki distribusi relatif yang serupa antara Perairan Mangunharjo dan Marunda yaitu Fe-P Ca-P Ads-P. Konsentrasi Ads-P, Ca-P, dan Fe-P di Perairan Mangunharjo adalah antara 0.20 - 0.26 μmol g-1, 2.77 - 3.60 μmol g-1, dan 4.60 - 5.74 μmol g-1 dan Perairan Marunda adalah antara 0.28 - 0.61 μmol g-1, 2.91 - 4.13 μmol g-1, dan 0.92 - 2.83 μmol g-1, secara berurutan. Ukuran butir sedimen dan pola arus mempengaruhi konsentrasi fraksi fosfat pada kedua perairan tersebut.Kata Kunci : Fraksi phosphor, Sedimen permukaan, Mangunharjo, Marunda

Topic: Heavy Metal Pollution Remediation
Subfield: Water Science and Technology
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Effect of metal content on the electrocatalytic activity of Au<sub>x</sub>Pd<sub>y</sub> mixtures and their use in a glucose membraneless microfluidic fuel cell

Performance increase of a glucose membraneless microfluidic fuel cell using Au<sub>60</sub>Pd<sub>40</sub> material electrodeposited on the anodic compartment.

Topic: Electrochemical sensors and biosensors
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Human origins: what bones and genomes tell us about ourselves

Ever since the recognition of the Neanderthals as an archaic form of human in the mid-nineteenth century, the fossilized bones of extinct humans have been used by paleoanthropologists to explore human origins. These bones told the story of how the earliest humans - bipedal apes, actually - first emerged in Africa some 6 to 7 million years ago. Starting about 2 million years ago, the bones reveal that as humans became anatomically and behaviorally more modern, they swept out of Africa in waves into Asia, Europe, and finally into the New World. Even as paleoanthropologists continued to make important discoveries - Mary Leakey's Nutcracker Man in 1959, Don Johanson's Lucy in 1974, and most recently Martin Pickford's Millennium Man, to name just a few - experts in genetics were looking at the human species from a very different angle. In 1953, James Watson and Francis Crick first envisioned the double helix structure of DNA, the basic building block of all life. In the 1970s it was shown that humans share 98.7 percent of their genes with the great apes - that in fact genetically we are more closely related to chimpanzees than chimpanzees are to gorillas. And most recently the entire human genome has been mapped - we now know where each of the genes are located on the DNA strands that make up our chromosomes. In Human Origins: What Bones and Genomes Tell Us about Ourselves, two of the world's foremost scientists, geneticist Rob DeSalle and paleoanthropologist Ian Tattersall, show how research into the human genome confirms what fossil bones have told us about human origins. This unprecedented integration of the fossil and genomic records provides the most complete understanding possible of humanity's place in nature, its emergence from the rest of the living world, and the evolutionary processes that have molded human populations to be what they are today. Human Origins serves as a companion volume to the American Museum of Natural History's new permanent exhibit, as well as standing alone as an accessible overview of recent insights into what it means to be human.

Topic: Genetics, Bioinformatics, and Biomedical Research
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Status of the Fermilab Recycler

The author presents the current operational status of the Fermilab Recycler Ring. Using a mix of stochastic and electron cooling, we prepare antiproton beams for the Fermilab Tevatron Collider program. Included are discussion of stashing and cooling performance, operational scenarios, and collider performance.

Topic: Superconducting Materials and Applications
Subfield: Biomedical Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Performance for 1&lt;sup&gt;st&lt;/sup&gt; degree unclassifiable peptides, further split into 2&lt;sup&gt;nd&lt;/sup&gt; degree classifiable and unclassifiable peptides employing the simplified machine learning approach with understandable attributes (ML-simple) for prediction of IVIG binding&lt;sup&gt;*&lt;/sup&gt;.

*&lt;p&gt;Comparison of AUC and accuracy when the classifier was 10-fold cross-validated on peptides of the 1&lt;sup&gt;st&lt;/sup&gt; degree unclassifiable set or on its peptide subsets that the first one classified correctly (2&lt;sup&gt;nd&lt;/sup&gt; degree classifiable) or incorrectly (2&lt;sup&gt;nd&lt;/sup&gt; degree unclassifiable), respectively. All classifiers used the interpretable attributes and logistic regression.&lt;/p&gt;

Topic: Banana Cultivation and Research
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on the Italian Humanitarian Congenital Cardiac Surgery Activity: What No One Tells You

Giamberti A, Caldaroni F, Varrica A, Pace Napoleone C, Marianeschi SM, Uricchio N, Vanini V, Santoro F, Luciani GB, Stellin G, Gargiulo G, Murzi B, Filippelli S, Oppido G, Agati S, Galletti L, Frigiola A. Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on the Italian Humanitarian Congenital Cardiac Surgery Activity: What No One Tells You. Front Cardiovasc Med. 2021 Jul 28;8:705029. doi: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.705029. PMID: 34395564; PMCID: PMC8355370. Abstract More than 4 millions of children with congenital heart disease (CHD) are waiting for cardiac surgery around the world. Few of these patients are treated only thanks to the support of many non-governmental organizations (NGOs). Starting in December 2019, the so-called coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has rapidly become a worldwide pandemic and has dramatically impacted on all the international humanitarian activities for congenital heart disease. We analyzed data from all the Italian congenital cardiac surgery centers with the aim to quantify the impact of the pandemic on their charities. Fifteen Italian centers participated in the study and contributed to data collection. We analyzed and compared data regarding humanitarian activities carried out abroad and on site from two periods: year 2019 (pre-COVID-19) and year 2020 (COVID-19 pandemic). In 2019, 53 international missions were carried out by Italian congenital cardiac surgeons, resulting in the treatment of 471 CHD patients. In the same period 11 Italian cardiac centers operated on 251 foreign patients in Italy. In 2020, the pandemic led to a reduction of this activity by 96% for the surgery performed overseas and 86% for the interventions carried out in Italy. In conclusion our study shows the important quantitative impact of the pandemic on the Italian humanitarian cardiac surgical activity overseas and in Italy. This shocking result highlights the failure of the systems adopted so far to solve the problem of CHD in developing countries.

Topic: COVID-19 and healthcare impacts
Subfield: Oncology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
The ICRF-3: Status, plans, and progress on the next generation International Celestial Reference Frame

The goal of this presentation is to report the latest progress in creation of the next generation of VLBI-based International Celestial Reference Frame, ICRF3. Two main directions of ICRF3 development are improvement of the S/X-band frame and extension of the ICRF to higher frequencies. Another important task of this work is the preparation for comparison of ICRF3 with the new generation optical frame GCRF expected by the end of the decade as a result of the Gaia mission.

Topic: GNSS positioning and interference
Subfield: Aerospace Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Physical and structural properties of Dy3+ and Nd3+-ions doped oxy-fluoride glasses

Glasses containing potassium-zinc-boro-oxy-fluoride glasses were doped with Dy3+ and Nd3+-ions. For more incite the prepared glasses physical properties and structural studies analyzed. Refractive index nearly 1.62 is obtained for all glasses resulting in optical behaviour representing nature of the glasses. The single doped and co-doped systems represent not many changes in structural modes.

Topic: Glass properties and applications
Subfield: Ceramics and Composites
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences