jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Supplementary Figure. S2 from Disruption of Endolysosomal RAB5/7 Efficiently Eliminates Colorectal Cancer Stem Cells

&lt;p&gt;The high magnification of immunohistochemical staining&lt;/p&gt;

Topic: Calcium signaling and nucleotide metabolism
Subfield: Physiology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
A little bit country, a little bit rock 'n roll at the Gympie Music Muster

The 2015 Gympie Muster has come to a close with some of the biggest acts in Australian country music taking to the stage in sometimes the soaking rain. But with additions of popular acts like Sheppard, is the festival drifting away from its country roots?

Topic: Asian Culture and Media Studies
Subfield: Cultural Studies
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
First Demonstration of Joint NOMA-PCS Coherent Passive Optical Networks Supporting Fixed-Rate and Flexible Fine-Grained Access

We demonstrate joint non-orthogonal multiple access probabilistic constellation shaping coherent passive optical network with 160-Gbps peak rate, supporting fixed-rate and flexible fine-grained access, while reducing 62.5% complexity in carrier phase recovery by a 2-stage method.

Topic: Optical Network Technologies
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Study for the Development of Computer Augmented Management Techniques

The report deals with certain aspects of a continuing research effort on direct augmentation of human intellectual effectiveness by means of full-time use of special on-line computer aids. Areas of special importance in this report are development and maintenance of a computer facility centered around a time- sharing SDS 940 and the development of on-line computer aids for management.

Topic: Hermeneutics and Narrative Identity
Subfield: Philosophy
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Massive haemoptysis

Massive or life-threatening haemoptysis may defined as more than 100 mL of expectorated blood in a 24-hour period. The major causes of such are benign diseases: tuberculosis, aspergillosis and pulmonary abscess. Bronchial neoplasms are seldom implicated (<5%). Bronchoscopy is the initial investigation and may facilitate therapy in instances. Angiography and subsequent bronchial or pulmonary branch arterial embolisation may be employed in unfit patients where a surgical approach may be contraindicated. Only a small number of patients now come to surgery but nevertheless surgical resection remains an important component of therapy. In the emergency high-risk situation, the combination of arterial embolisation and surgery will often improve the patient's outcome, especially in the management of the various benign pathologies causing significant bronchial haemorrhage.

Topic: Vascular Anomalies and Treatments
Subfield: Genetics
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Metal–Organic Framework-Decorated Nanochannel Electrode: Integration of Internal Nanoconfined Space and Outer Surface for Small-Molecule Sensing

Ionic current measurement has been the dominant signaling strategy in nanochannel-based sensors. However, the direct probing of the capture of small molecules is still challenging, and the sensing potential of the outer surface of nanochannels is always ignored. Here, we report the fabrication of an integrated nanochannel electrode (INCE) with nanoporous gold layers modified on two sides of nanochannels, and its application for small-molecule analysis was explored. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) were decorated inside and outside of nanochannels, enabling the reduction of pore size to several nanometers, which is among the thickness range of the electric double layer for confined ion diffusion. Combined with excellent adsorption characteristics of MOFs, the developed nanochannel sensor successfully constructed the internal nanoconfined space that could directly capture small molecules and instantly generate a current signal. The contribution of the outer surface and the internal nanoconfined space to diffusion suppression to electrochemical probes was investigated. We found that the constructed nanoelectrochemical cell was sensitive in both the inner channel and the outer surface, signifying a novel sensing mode with integration of the internal nanoconfined space and the outer surface of nanochannels. The MOF/INCE sensor showed excellent performance toward tetracycline (TC) with a detection limit of 0.1 ng·mL<sup>-1</sup>. Subsequently, sensitive and quantitative detection of TC down to 0.5 μg·kg<sup>-1</sup> was achieved in actual chicken samples. This work may open up a new model of nanoelectrochemistry and provide an alternative solution in the field of nanopore analysis for small molecules.

Topic: Nanopore and Nanochannel Transport Studies
Subfield: Biomedical Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
LINKAGE ANALYSIS OF CHROMOSOME 12 LOCI IN CROHN'S DISEASE FAMILIES.

57 Background: Crohn's Disease is a multifactorial disease involving both genetic and environmental factors. A previous genome scan linkage analysis has localised a susceptibility locus for Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBD) on chromosome 12q21. This result was not uniformly confirmed in other populations. Aim: to determine if our set of European families may confirm the previously published linkage and linkage disequilibrium data on chromosome 12. Patients and methods: 58 multiplex families with several affected CD members were genotyped for 13 microsatellite markers evenly spread along the chromosome 12. Genotyping data were analyzed using a multipoint non parametric linkage analysis method (GENEHUNTER). Twenty five additional CD families were also genotyped for the D12S83 locus increasing the total number of affected sib-pairs to 80. At this locus, the identity by descent between affected sibs was determined and a transmission disequilibrium test was performed. Results: The 58 CD families did not exhibit evidence of linkage at any point of chromosome 12 (maximum non parametric lodscore = 0.21, p=0.4). At D12S83, corresponding to the maximum of the linkage tests in previously published data, the non parametric lodscore value was -0.36 (p=0.66). At this point, using the 80 affected sib-pairs, the mean of alleles shared was 0.48(X2 = 0.06, p=0,83) and the transmission disequilibrium test was not significant for any allele tested. Conclusion: These data do not confirm the previously reported linkage on chromosome 12 for Inflammatory Bowel Disease. This result may reflect genetic heterogeneity between European populations.

Topic: Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Subfield: Genetics
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Ambiguous Subject: the “Masses” (<i>qunzhong</i>) Discourse in Modern China

Abstract The “masses”( qunzhong ) discourse in modern China was influenced by two western intellectual traditions, i.e., mass psychology and historical materialism. The former regards the masses as a blind, impulsive, and irrational crowd, while the latter thinks that only the people are the real dynamic forces of historical development. As a result, the “masses” discourse in modern China bifurcated into a negative one of “mass psychology” and a positive one of “mass movement”, both of which were employed as effective tools of political mobilization by different political parties and social elites. The concept of the “masses” was either the crystallization of the abstract “people”( renmin ) or the actualization of the ideal “citizenry”( guomin ). What is embodied in the concepts of the people, the citizenry, and the masses in modern China was actually an ambiguous image of a political subject.

Topic: Chinese history and philosophy
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Role of Sam68 in Sunitinib induced renal cell carcinoma apoptosis

Abstract Sunitinib is one of the first‐line targeted drugs for metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC) with dual effects of antiangiogensis and proapoptosis. Sam68 (Src‐associated in mitosis, 68 KDa), is found being involved in cell apoptosis. This article reveals that Sam68 impacts the sensitivity to sunitinib by mediating the apoptosis of RCC cells. Immunohistochemical staining indicated that the Sam68 expression levels in sunitinib sensitive tumor tissues were markedly higher than those in sunitinib resistant tumor tissues. Sunitinib induced RCC cell apoptosis in a concentration‐dependent manner and inhibited the expression of total and phosphorylated Sam68 (p‐Sam68). Downregulation of Sam68 expression inhibited RCC cell apoptosis induced by sunitinib. While upregulation of Sam68 expression could enhance apoptosis induced by sunitinib. Xenograft models showed that tumors in the Sam68‐knockdown group did not shrink as much as those in the control group after treatment with sunitinib for 4 weeks. Together, our results suggest that Sam68 expression is associated with the sensitivity of ccRCC patients to sunitinib. Sam68 may promote cell apoptosis induced by sunitinib, and the Sam68 expression level may be a biomarker for predicting sunitinib sensitivity in ccRCC patients.

Topic: Renal and related cancers
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Preparation and phase transition behaviors of temperature-responsive 3-butoxy-2-hydroxypropyl hydroxyethyl celluloses

2-Hydroxy-3-butoxypropyl hydroxyethyl celluloses (HBPEC), which are thermoresponsive polymers, are prepared by grafting butyl glycidyl ether onto hydroxyethyl cellulose. The effects of several factors on the cloud point (Tc) of the HBPEC are also investigated. The Tc of HBPEC can be tuned to a ranging from 17.0 to 43.0 °C by changing the molar substitution of hydrophobic groups. Increasing the concentration of HBPEC leads to a faster phase transition as well as a corresponding linear decrease in the Tc. A series of salts with common anions or cations are used to investigate the effects of specific anions or cations on the Tc of HBPEC aqueous solutions. It is discovered that the Tc of HBPEC is largely influenced by the variation of cation identity and concentration. Plotting Tc as a function of cation activity shows that the Tc can be classified by charge density.

Topic: Hydrogels: synthesis, properties, applications
Subfield: Molecular Medicine
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
7. Applications of bark for bio-based adhesives and foams

With the increased concern for climate change and depletion of fossil fuel resources, there is a growing trend to research and develop technologies that can use renewable biomass as the raw material for synthesizing chemical products. Bark, a largely available forestry biomass residue with attractive chemical compositions, is considered as a promising feedstock. This article summarizes our recent research and development work in deriving bark-derived adhesives and foams and various bark conversion technologies explored. Advantages and disadvantages associated with the conversion technologies and bark-based chemical products are discussed. Some future studies that can further promote commercial applications of these novel bio-based products are presented. These novel bark-derived products have potential to generate higher value return using the low-valued forestry residue materials while increasing the renewable content in the final chemical products for a higher sustainability.

Topic: Lignin and Wood Chemistry
Subfield: Biomedical Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
The efficacy of air polishing devices in supportive periodontal therapy: Clinical, microbiological and patient‐centred outcomes. A systematic review

Abstract Objectives The aim of this review was to compare air polishing devices with conventional periodontal therapy (hand instrumentation and/or ultrasonic debridement), in terms of their clinical, microbiological and patient‐related outcomes in patients undergoing periodontal maintenance therapy. Methods An online database search was performed to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published between January 1987 and March 2021. Selection, data extraction and assessment risk of individual bias were conducted by two independent reviewers. The PICO method was employed to formulate the question: “In patients undergoing periodontal maintenance therapy/supportive periodontal therapy, do air polishing systems result in better clinical, microbiological and patient related outcomes than ultrasonic instrumentation or hand instrumentation?” Primary outcomes were bleeding on probing, gingival index and/or bleeding index. Secondary outcomes were probing depth, clinical attachment level, plaque index, microbiological counts and/or patient tolerance. The risk of bias was evaluated and the systematic review protocol was registered in PROSPERO. Results The electronic search yielded 501 references of which 14 were included in this review. A meta‐analysis was not performed due to great heterogeneity within the studies. Air polishing devices and conventional periodontal therapy presented identical results in the 14 studies analysed; however, air polishing devices presented better antimicrobial behaviour and better patient‐related outcomes. Conclusions Both air polishing devices and conventional techniques demonstrated no difference in terms of clinical efficacy; however, air polishing devices seem to present improved antimicrobial results. In addition, they are also a safer, faster and more comfortable option for patients undergoing supportive periodontal therapy.

Topic: Oral microbiology and periodontitis research
Subfield: Periodontics
Field: Dentistry
Domain: Health Sciences
Feasting on the ordinary or starving for the exceptional in a warming climate: Phenological synchrony between spongy moth (<i>Lymantria dispar</i>) and budburst of six European tree species

Abstract Global warming is affecting the phenological cycles of plants and animals, altering the complex synchronization that has co‐evolved over thousands of years between interacting species and trophic levels. Here, we examined how warmer winter conditions affect the timing of budburst in six common European trees and the hatching of a generalist leaf‐feeding insect, the spongy moth Lymantria dispar , whose fitness depends on the synchrony between egg hatch and leaf emergence of the host tree. We applied four different temperature treatments to L. dispar eggs and twig cuttings, that mimicked warmer winters and reduced chilling temperatures that are necessary for insect diapause and bud dormancy release, using heated open‐top chambers (ambient or +3.5°C), and heated greenhouses (maintained at &gt;6°C or &gt;10°C). In addition, we conducted preference and performance tests to determine which tree species the larvae prefer and benefit from the most. Budburst success and twig survival were highest for all tree species at ambient temperature conditions, whereas it declined under elevated winter temperature for Tilia cordata and Acer pseudoplatanus , likely due to a lack of chilling. While L. dispar egg hatch coincided with budburst in most tree species within 10 days under ambient conditions, it coincided with budburst only in Quercus robur , Carpinus betulus , and, to a lesser extent, Ulmus glabra under warmer conditions. With further warming, we, therefore, expect an increasing mismatch in trees with high chilling requirements, such as Fagus sylvatica and A. pseudoplatanus , but still good synchronization with trees having low chilling requirements, such as Q. robur and C. betulus . Surprisingly, first instar larvae preferred and gained weight faster when fed with leaves of F. sylvatica , while Q. robur ranked second. Our results suggest that spongy moth outbreaks are likely to persist in oak and hornbeam forests in western and central Europe.

Topic: Plant and animal studies
Subfield: Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Antihypertensive prescribing patterns and hypertension control in females of childbearing age

Abstract Purpose The use of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) to treat hypertension (HTN) during pregnancy presents well-established risks to a developing fetus. A cross-sectional study was conducted to evaluate the current state of antihypertensive prescribing and contraceptive use in females of childbearing age within a large safety-net health system. Methods The retrospective cross-sectional study focused on females aged 18-49 years with a documented diagnosis of HTN. The proportion of patients prescribed an ACE inhibitor or ARB and using a documented form of contraception was calculated. Documented forms of contraception included oral contraceptives, intrauterine devices, injections, implants, and surgical intervention. Results A total of 4,187 patients were identified from the HTN registry; after application of exclusion criteria 3,045 patients were included in the study population. The mean age was 39 years (range, 18-49 years). The most frequently prescribed classes of antihypertensive medications were ACE inhibitors and ARBs (one or the other was used by 1,146 patients [37.6%]), followed by thiazide diuretics (n = 710, 23.3%) and calcium channel blockers (n = 599, 19.7%). Of the 1,146 patients prescribed an ACE inhibitor or ARB, 553 (48%) were using a documented form of contraception. Conclusion Rates of ACE inhibitor or ARB prescribing to females of childbearing age were high despite the teratogenic risks, and fewer than half of patients had documented protection from pregnancy. Provider and patient education and potential creation of best practice alerts in the electronic medical record regarding the risks of using ACE inhibitors and ARBs in females of childbearing age are warranted.

Topic: Reproductive Health and Contraception
Subfield: Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Tracing The Shifting Goals and Curriculum Trends in English Language Teaching (2015-2025): A Systematic Literature Review and Bibliometric Analysis

This study conducts a systematic literature review and bibliometric analysis to investigate the shifting goals and curriculum trends in English Language Teaching (ELT) from 2015 to 2025. Drawing upon a dataset of 92 articles retrieved from the Scopus database, the study identifies influential themes, key authors, dominant approaches, and emerging conceptual developments in the field. The findings reveal a major shift from traditional grammar-based instruction to communicative, reflective, and context-responsive teaching methodologies. Five primary thematic clusters are identified: instructional innovation, intercultural communication, sustainable integration, affective and psychological dimensions, and institutional reform. Furthermore, the study underscores the increasing significance of teacher professionalism, learner autonomy, and interdisciplinary approaches in shaping modern ELT curricula. Data visualization was carried out using VOSviewer, and the review process adhered to PRISMA standards to ensure methodological transparency and rigor. This comprehensive analysis offers valuable insights into how ELT has evolved in response to global educational demands and 21st-century challenges. It provides a strategic foundation for future research, curriculum development, and pedagogical innovation within the dynamic landscape of language education.

Topic: Second Language Learning and Teaching
Subfield: Literature and Literary Theory
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
On Section of the Tendo Achillis in Some Cases of Fracture of the Bones of the Leg

THE subcutaneous division of tendons for the removal of difficulties which sometimes occur in the treatment of frac- tures, especially of the bones of the leg, is an operation which has not met with much attention in this country, though in some cases it appears to have been successfully put in practice on the Continent.In Germany, M. Dieffenbachl is reported to have often had recourse to the division of the ligament of the patella or of the quadriceps muscle in cases of ununited fracture, or fracture with wide separation of the broken portions of the patella; and to the division of the triceps brachii in fracture of the olecranon under similar circumstances.The condi- tions which would render such operations justifiable, must be extremely rare.In France, the operation to which the cases in this paper refer was first performed by M. Meynier.2A severe fracture of the tibia and fibula had been followed by violent spasm in the muscles of the leg, suppuration had taken place, and portions of the tibialis anticus, extensor communis digitorum, and extensor proprius pollicis had been destroyed.The ends of the bones were exposed and protrud- ing, and the inferior portions were drawn behind, and formed an angle with the upper, owing to the continued spasm of the

Topic: Orthopedic Surgery and Rehabilitation
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Synthesis and light emitting properties of polyacetylenes having pendent fluorene groups

Abstract Five novel fluorene‐containing polymers, poly[(9,9‐dimethylfluoren‐2‐yl)acetylene] ( PFA1 ), poly[(1‐pentyl‐2‐(9,9‐dimethylfluoren‐2‐yl)acetylene) ( PFA2 ), poly[1‐decyl‐2‐(9,9‐dimethylfluoren‐2‐yl)acetylene] ( PFA3 ), poly[1‐phenyl‐2‐(9,9‐dimethylfluoren‐2‐yl)acetylene] ( PFA4 ), and poly[1‐(3,4‐difluorophenyl)‐2‐(9,9‐dimethylfluoren‐2‐yl)acetylene] ( PFA5 ) were synthesized by the polymerization of the corresponding fluorene‐substituted acetylenic monomers ( M1–M5), using WCl 6 , MoCl 5, and TaCl 5 as catalysts and n ‐Bu 4 Sn as a cocatalyst. The synthesized polymers were thermally stable and readily soluble in common organic solvents. The degradation temperatures for a 5% weight loss of the polymers were ∼352–503 °C under nitrogen. PFA1–PFA5 show emission peaks from 402 to 590 nm. Besides, their electroluminescent properties were studied in heterostructure light‐emitting diodes (LEDs), using PFA2–PFA5 as an emitting layer. The PFA5 device revealed an orange‐red emission peak at 602 nm with a maximum luminescence of 923 cd/m 2 at 8 V. A device with the ITO/PEDOT/ a mixture of PFA2 (98 wt %) and PFA5 (2 wt %)/Ca/Al showed near white emission. Its maximum luminance and current efficiency are 450 cd/m 2 at 15 V and 1.3 cd/A, respectively. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 44: 519–531, 2006

Topic: Organic Electronics and Photovoltaics
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
A Structural County-Level Model of Human Capital Investment and Manufacturing Sector Change: 1980-90

The objective of this paper is to empirically examine the relationship between changes in per capita manufacturing employment, manufacturing earnings per worker and human capital investment in nearly 3,000 U.S. counties over the period 1980-90. Two key hypotheses are tested: 1. Communities in which residents invested more heavily in human capital (formal education) in the 1980s were in a better position to stem the erosion of manufacturing jobs, and experienced more rapid increases in manufacturing earnings per worker. 2.Communities in which manufacturing jobs and earnings per worker both increased invested more heavily in human capital, ceteris paribus.

Topic: Regional Economics and Spatial Analysis
Subfield: Economics and Econometrics
Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance
Domain: Social Sciences
[Bridge abutments and bridge anchors--functional, technological and methodological aspects].

The fixed partial prostheses form a functional unity together with the abutment teeth and the periodontium. They must be kind to these tissues and protect them effectually. With regard to these goals, the author outlines the choice of abutment teeth and the shaping of the anchors as well as the use of materials and techniques in the light of anatomical, physiological and material-specific findings.

Topic: Dental Implant Techniques and Outcomes
Subfield: Oral Surgery
Field: Dentistry
Domain: Health Sciences