jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Microalloyed steels

This review considers the compositions, the main process routes, microstructure and structural properties of microalloyed steels. The background and brief history are followed by sections dealing with aspects of precipitation, which control grain size and dispersion strengthening in ferrite–pearlite steels, the approaches to modelling thermomechanical processing and the influence of multiple additions of transition metals on properties. High strength acicular ferrite/bainite steels used for linepipe are included and lead to super bainite steels. Around 12% of the world strip production is processed by the thin slab direct charging route, which is considered in some detail. The weldability of microalloyed steels now embraces joining using friction stir welding, which is discussed. Over the years, many approaches have been developed to predict the structural properties of these steels. They comprise several quantifiable microstructural features including possible atom clusters, relatively recently identified through atom probe tomography. A comprehensive collection of references is provided.

Topic: Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Steels
Subfield: Mechanical Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Multi-pulse evolution and space-time chaos in dissipative systems

We study semilinear parabolic systems on the full space Rn that admit a
family of exponentially decaying pulse-like steady states obtained via translations.
The multi-pulse solutions under consideration look like the sum of infinitely many
such pulses which are well separated. We prove a global center-manifold reduction
theorem for the temporal evolution of such multi-pulse solutions and show that the
dynamics of these solutions can be described by an infinite system of ODEs for the
positions of the pulses.
As an application of the developed theory, we verify the existence of SinaiBunimovich
space-time chaos in 1D space-time periodically forced Swift-Hohenberg
equation.

Topic: Nonlinear Dynamics and Pattern Formation
Subfield: Computer Networks and Communications
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Perception of HIV/AIDS among Tertiary Education Students in the Tamale Metropolis and Their Willingness to Take the HIV Test

Aim: The study assessed the perception of HIV/AIDS among students in tertiary education institutions in northern Ghana and their willingness to take the HIV test.&#x0D; Study Design: Descriptive cross-sectional study.&#x0D; Place and Duration of Study: Tamale Metropolis from September 2020 to June 2021.&#x0D; Methodology: A convenience sampling technique was employed to select 374 students aged 15-30 years. Data from participants was collected using a standardized structure questionnaire and analyzed on Epi Info version 7. Cross tabulation was used to estimate the association between outcome variables and independent variables.&#x0D; Results: Almost all participants (366; 93.61% [95% CI: 90.73 – 95. 63]) were aware of HIV/AIDS, having acquired information about the disease mostly from a health worker. A very high proportion of the respondents (346; 88.49% [95% CI: 84.95 – 91.29]) were also aware of the modes of transmission of HIV, with 64.41% of participants identifying unprotected sexual intercourse as a major mode of HIV transmission. Though aware of how HIV is transmitted, almost half (46.21%) of sexually active participants did not use a condom in their last sexual intercourse. More than half (221; 56.52% [95% CI: 51.57 – 61.35]) of respondents had never heard of any HIV/AIDS support groups in their schools or communities. Though a majority (58.57%) of respondents were aware of free HCT in the country, the majority (207; 52.94% [95% CI: 47.99 – 57.84]) of the respondents had never taken the HIV test. Close to half (167; 42.71% [95% CI: 37.90 – 47.66]) of respondents had no plans to take the HIV test in the future.&#x0D; Conclusion: Our results revealed the need to intensify HIV/AIDS education, especially among the youth, emphasizing the increasing risk of HIV infection, importance of regular HIV tests for sexually active persons and the use of protection during casual sex.

Topic: Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health
Subfield: General Health Professions
Field: Health Professions
Domain: Health Sciences
Trypanosoma cruzi: constancy of clone pathogenicity for inbred mice during long-term in vitro maintenance

The reproducibility of infection of C3H/He mice with T. cruzi clones Sylvio-X10/4 and Sylvio-X10/7 maintained in the laboratory for 946 and 496 days respectively was assayed. Clone X10/7 from 15 different in vitro passages consistently induced an acute lethal infection (94.3% mortality) and constant survival time (Mean = 24.6 d.p.i.). Female mice survived significantly longer than males and mice older than 30 days at the time of infection survived significantly longer than younger mice. The mortality of mice infected with clone X10/4 from 23 different in vitro passages was lower (5.1%) and their survival longer (Mean = 42.7 d.p.i.) than mice infected with clone X10/7. High anti-T. cruzi IgG titres were detected in the plasma of all mice killed after 30 d.p.i. Histologically, the heart, skeletal muscles and/or large intestine contained intracellular parasites in 59% of the mice; parasites were found in mice of all groups tested. The hearts of all mice were comparably inflammed regardless of parasite passage number or duration of infection. These data demonstrate that the presentation and course of infection of inbred mice with two T. cruzi clones is not changed by either the duration or protocol used for in vitro maintenance; the reported loss or change in virulence of T. cruzi strains during long-term in vitro maintenance did not occur. Consequently, T. cruzi clones and inbred mice provide a dependable and reproducible means to study host-parasite interactions.

Topic: Trypanosoma species research and implications
Subfield: Epidemiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
GUT-scale inflation with sizeable tensor modes

A sizeable tensor-to-scalar ratio, such as recently claimed by BICEP2, would\nimply a scale of inflation at the typical scale of supersymmetric grand\nunification. This could be an accident, or strong support for supersymmetric\ntheories. Models of F-term hybrid inflation naturally connect the GUT scale\nwith the inflationary scale, but they also predict the tensor-to-scalar ratio\nto be unmeasurably small. In this work we analyze a general UV embedding of\nF-term hybrid inflation into a supergravity theory with a general Kahler\npotential. The CMB observables are generated during the early phase of\ninflation, at large inflaton values, where the potential is dominated by\nPlanck-suppressed operators. Tuning the leading higher-order terms can give an\ninflaton potential with sizeable tensor fluctuations and a field excursion\nwhich is still sub-Planckian but close to the Planck scale, as expected from\nthe Lyth bound.\n

Topic: Cosmology and Gravitation Theories
Subfield: Astronomy and Astrophysics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Effects of Head-Supported Devices on Female Aviators During Simulated Helicopter Rides. Part I: Biomechanical Response

Abstract : Researchers at the U.S. Army Aeromedical Research Laboratory (USAARL) recently concluded that weight-moment of head-supported devices (HSDs) worn by male aviators should not exceed 82.8 +/- 22.9 Newton-centimeters (N-cm). The goal of this study was to define a safe range of weights and centers of mass of HSDs that can be tolerated by female helicopter pilots without affecting their health or degrading their performance. Twelve subjects were exposed to whole-body vibration while wearing an HSD with various mass properties. During exposure, biomechanical head acceleration, neck muscle activities, and performance responses were recorded. This paper reports the biomechanical response findings. Head pitch, anterior-posterior, and axial accelerations were measured for 12 different helmet configurations during sinusoidal vertical vibration having a magnitude of 0.45 m/s2 and frequencies swept from 2 Hz to 17 Hz at the rate of 0.25 Hz/sec. Results indicated that head pitch and axial acceleration levels for female subjects were lower than those for their male counterparts. This may be attributed to differences in seat damping.

Topic: Vehicle Noise and Vibration Control
Subfield: Automotive Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
heART space: Curating community grief from overdose

This article details the transformation of an empty store into a gallery honouring youth and others who have passed away from overdoses, and the creation of extensive harm reduction and grief support programming that accompanied the display of artwork. The outpouring of community interest, participation, and emotion that surfaced around heART space clearly shows how art, exhibitions and creative programming can help foster communities of care during times of crisis. Drawing from research into practices of care from harm reduction work, grief studies and participatory arts and curatorial studies, the authors explore how heART space comforted youth and others with direct experiences with overdose and disenfranchised grief while creating dialogues with visitors about the stigma of drug use and homelessness. The authors argue curating heART space produced an opportunity for community healing while nuancing and humanizing the way we see people who use drugs. As such, this youth-driven community project created a safe space to share stories, collaborate, honour trauma and transform grief into action.

Topic: Grief, Bereavement, and Mental Health
Subfield: Clinical Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Thermoelectric Properties, Effective Mass, Chemical Bonding, and Optical Properties of 1,3,6-trimetylo-alloxazine: C13H12N4O2

The thermoelectric properties, electronic band structure, density of states, chemical bonding, optical properties, electrons and holes effective mass of 1,3,6-trimetylo-alloxazine are calculated by using the full potential linear augmented plane wave method, based on the density function theory. Result shows that 1,3,6-trimetylo-alloxazine is an indirect band gap semiconductor. The band gap for LDA, GGA, EVGGA and mBJ are 1.919, 1.984, 2.106, 2.335 eV respectively, the valence bands are mostly attributed to N-s/p, H-s, O-p and C-s electronic states, and the conduction bands are attributed to N-s/p and O-p electronic states. The electrical transport properties and types of carriers of 1,3,6-trimetylo- alloxazine are attributed to N-p and O-p electronic states near the Fermi level. From the electronic charge density nature, the covalency can be clearly seen in the bonds C-N and C-H. From the optical behavior we found that the reflectivity of the investigated compound is smaller. Thermoelectric properties of semi conducting 1,3,6-trimetylo-alloxazine were also reported. 1,3,6-trimetylo-alloxazine compound is approximately large band gap semiconductor with a large p-type Seebeck coefficient. The thermoelectric figure of merit is small because of high electrical resistivity and thermal conductivity.

Topic: Heusler alloys: electronic and magnetic properties
Subfield: Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Estimating the prevalence of injury involving Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people in Western Australia

Due to the limited injury information currently available (other than death or hospitalisation data), alternative sources of data on Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander injury are imperative. The specific aim of this report is to survey some existing data sources that may be useful to support future injury prevention programs targeting Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people in Western Australia. In particular, the authors examine these available sources of data on Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people's injury critically, reviewing how they can be used to estimate the prevalence of injury involving Aboriginal people. Recommendations are made regarding further work in this area. (a)

Topic: Injury Epidemiology and Prevention
Subfield: Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Improving the School Context of Early Adolescence Through Teacher Attunement to Victimization: Effects on School Belonging

The present study examined the effects of teacher attunement to victimization on student perceptions of the bullying culture of their schools as a means of fostering a sense of belonging among early adolescents. Participants (n = 1,264) in sixth grade reported on the frequency that they had been bullied, and teachers were asked to report students who were “picked on.” Teacher attunement represented the correspondence between self-identified and teacher-identified victims. Attunement at the beginning of the school year was related to positive changes in student reports that their peers would intervene in bullying; in turn, sense of belonging was greater when students perceived that their peers would intervene in bullying. Teacher attunement was indirectly related to greater belonging through its impact on student perceptions of the bullying context.

Topic: Psychosocial Factors Impacting Youth
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Transition Metal Dithiolate Complexes. I. π-Cyclopentadienyl Maleonitrile Dithiolate Compounds

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTransition Metal Dithiolate Complexes. I. π-Cyclopentadienyl Maleonitrile Dithiolate CompoundsJ. Locke and J. A. McClevertyCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1966, 5, 7, 1157–1161Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1966Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1966https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic50041a018https://doi.org/10.1021/ic50041a018research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views332Altmetric-Citations91LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts

Topic: Organic and Molecular Conductors Research
Subfield: Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Registration of A/BN641 and RN642 <i>waxy</i> Grain Sorghum Genetic Stocks

Loss-of-function mutations in the granule-bound starch synthase gene result in an endosperm with a waxy appearance and a near absence of starch amylose. Three waxy grain sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] lines, AN641 (Reg. No. GS-741, PI 672150), BN641 (Reg. No. GS-742, PI 672151), and RN642 (Reg. No. GS-743, PI 672152) were developed jointly by the USDA–ARS and the Agricultural Research Division, Institute of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Nebraska, and were released in June 2014. AN641 and BN641 have the waxyb (wxb) allele and are near-isogenic to ‘Wheatland’. RN642 has the waxya (wxa) allele and is nearisogenic to ‘Tx430’. Release of these lines with cytoplasmic male-sterile (A), maintainer (B), and fertility restorer (R) fertility reactions to A1 cytoplasm facilitates the production and evaluation of interallelic (wxb × wxa) waxy and heterowaxy [wxb × wild-type (WT) and WT × wxa] hybrids as a source of low-amylose starch for the ethanol and food industries.

Topic: Food composition and properties
Subfield: Nutrition and Dietetics
Field: Nursing
Domain: Health Sciences
The Lived Experiences of an Injured Athlete and Members of a Performance Management Team During Injury Rehabilitation: an Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis

In response to an ever growing understanding of the biopsychosocial nature of health and well-being, multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary approaches to rehabilitation have grown in acceptance over the past decade. Studies that have explored the effect of these two approaches have found them to be effective in improving rehabilitation outcomes (McAlister et al., 2001; Tur et al., 2003). Although they have been shown to be objectively effective, the impact that these approaches have on the lived experiences of the team employing them, and the athlete or patient they serve, is not well understood. As such, the purpose of the current study was to investigate the lived experiences of the same members of a performance management team (PMT) through two separate injury Cases. Members of the same Australian Slopestyle Ski PMT (N=5) were asked to participate in the current study. An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) framework was utilized (Smith, Flowers, &amp; Larkin, 2009), and as such, in-depth, semi-structured interviews were conducted with each member of the team. Interviews were audio recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed using guidelines given by IPA scholars (Smith et al., 2009). Analysis of transcribed interviews revealed three higher-order themes that remained consistent across the two injury Cases (i.e., sociocultural context, team functioning, individual human struggle). Although the themes remained consistent, the essence of those themes changed considerably across the two Cases, highlighting the varied lived experiences for all members of the PMT. Analysis of the two Cases revealed that the lived experiences of the participants changed as a result of participants’ appraisal of the sociocultural context around them, and the consequential focus on either their own individual struggles (i.e., Case #1), or the team’s functioning (i.e., Case #2). The approach to injury rehabilitation in Case #1 resembled previous definitions of a multidisciplinary team (Melvin, 1980), while the approach in Case #2 resembled an interdisciplinary team approach (Körner, 2010). Results suggest that an interdisciplinary approach should be used when possible, as it facilitates improved team functioning and more positive lived experiences for all team members. Findings will be discussed in light of relevant literature, and implications for research and professional practice are discussed.

Topic: Sports injuries and prevention
Subfield: Orthopedics and Sports Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Do performance measurement models have any impact on primary health care? A systematic review

Purpose The purpose of this article is to analyze and compare between the frameworks of performance measurement in primary health care in the world. The subject of search is to compare if the frameworks of performance measurement in primary health care have an influence on performances of health centers. Design/methodology/approach We conducted a systematic review of the literature to (1) identify the conceptual framework for measuring quality management systems, (2) assess the effects of conceptual framework on quality improvement and quality of care outcomes. We opted for the frameworks that are more cited in the literature and we analyzed and compared between these frameworks. Findings Eight dimensions were identified for assessing performance in Primary Health Care Facilities “PHCF” in more than 50% frameworks: Effectiveness, Safety, Accessibility, Equity, Efficiency, Acceptability, Patient Centeredness and Timeliness. Research limitations/implications The limits of this study can be represented by the following elements: (1) lack of exhaustiveness with regard to the current Frameworks. (2) The evaluation of reliability and validity of the qualitative studies remains difficult to appreciate. (3) Most of the evaluation tools of the primary health care are not validated yet. (4) The difference in performance levels between countries, especially for the developed countries and the multitude of the frames of measure of performance, limits the comparability of the results. Practical implications This study provides a conceptual and descriptive literature on the different conceptual frameworks for performance measurement in primary health care, and a practical and useful tool for comparison between the different conceptual frameworks. Several organisations of accreditation or certification introduced, developed, incorporated and checked the indicators of clinical quality in the organizations of health care. Some studies revealed links with the governance, the access, the continuity, the coordination, the efficiency and the strength primary care (Dionne Kringos, 2018). Improvements in the quality of care have been observed in the results of accreditation and certification bodies regarding hospital infection control infrastructure, organization and performance. Originality/value Even if the links are not established within the framework of a scientific research, quality approaches are generally recognized as an essential tool to help establishments to improve the quality and the safety of the patients. Until now, it is not still common to make evaluation of the quality of care in the “PHCF” to obtain the relevant information. The necessity of having performance measurement tools, which puts in coherence the piloting of the operational level with the strategy, to integrate the organizational objectives into the measures of operational performances and make estimate its structures towards a real management by the quality.

Topic: Patient Satisfaction in Healthcare
Subfield: General Health Professions
Field: Health Professions
Domain: Health Sciences