jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Investigating the effect of precession on searches for neutron-star–black-hole binaries with Advanced LIGO

The first direct detection of neutron-star– black-hole binaries will likely be made with gravitational-wave observatories. Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo will be able to observe neutron-star– black-hole mergers at a maximum distance of 900 Mpc. To achieve this sensitivity, gravitational-wave searches will rely on using a bank of filter waveforms that accurately model the expected gravitational-wave signal. The emitted signal will depend on the masses of the black hole and the neutron star and also the angular momentum of both components. The angular momentum of the black hole is expected to be comparable to the orbital angular momentum when the system is emitting gravitational waves in Advanced LIGO’s and Advanced Virgo’s sensitive band. This angular momentum will affect the dynamics of the inspiralling system and alter the phase evolution of the emitted gravitational-wave signal. In addition, if the black hole’s angular momentum is not aligned with the orbital angular momentum, it will cause the orbital plane of the system to precess. In this work we demonstrate that if the effect of the black hole’s angular momentum is neglected in the waveform models used in gravitational-wave searches, the detection rate of (10+1.4)M_⊙ neutron-star– black-hole systems with isotropic spin distributions would be reduced by 33%–37% in comparison to a hypothetical perfect search at a fixed signal-to-noise ratio threshold. The error in this measurement is due to uncertainty in the post-Newtonian approximations that are used to model the gravitational-wave signal of neutron-star– black-hole inspiralling binaries. We describe a new method for creating a bank of filter waveforms where the black hole has nonzero angular momentum that is aligned with the orbital angular momentum. With this bank we find that the detection rate of (10+1.4)M_⊙ neutron-star– black-hole systems would be reduced by 26%–33%. Systems that will not be detected are ones where the precession of the orbital plane causes the gravitational-wave signal to match poorly with nonprecessing filter waveforms. We identify the regions of parameter space where such systems occur and suggest methods for searching for highly precessing neutron-star– black-hole binaries.

Topic: Pulsars and Gravitational Waves Research
Subfield: Astronomy and Astrophysics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Supplementary Data 1 from Treatment of Prostate Cancer with CD46-targeted &lt;sup&gt;225&lt;/sup&gt;Ac Alpha Particle Radioimmunotherapy

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Data: Methods and tables.&lt;/p&gt;

Topic: Radiopharmaceutical Chemistry and Applications
Subfield: Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Health Promotion for Elders in Nicaragua: A Community-Based Rehabilitation Approach

Utilizing a Community-Based approach, students from the schools of occupational therapy (OT), physical therapy (PT), dental health science (DHS), pharmacy, and physician assistant studies (PA) completed a needs assessment and initiated services in Granada, Nicaragua in 2007.\nAn extreme need for access to health care exists in Nicaragua. Elders are often an overlooked population in developing countries and in CBR literature.\nThrough the project in Nicaragua, the process of CBR to promote sustainable services for elders is demonstrated while addressing the positive impact on students' learning and education.

Topic: Health disparities and outcomes
Subfield: Health
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
The consistency of relative incidence rates of nonviral sexually transmissible infections from health insurance claims and surveillance data, 2005–10

Background Given the growing popularity of administrative data for health research, information on the differences and similarities between administrative data and customary data sources (e.g. surveillance) will help to inform the use of administrative data in the field of sexually transmissible infections (STIs). The objective of this study was to compare the incidence rates of three nonviral STIs from a large health insurance administrative database (MarketScan) with surveillance data. Methods: We computed and compared STI rates for 2005–10 from MarketScan and national surveillance data for three major nonviral STIs (i.e. chlamydia (Chlamydia trachomatis), gonorrhoea (Neisseria gonorrhoeae) and syphilis (Treponema pallidum)). For administrative data, we assessed the sensitivity of the rates to enrolee inclusion criteria: continuous (≥320 member-days) versus all enrolees. Relative rates were computed for 5-year age groups and by gender. Results: The administrative database rates were significantly lower (P &amp;lt; 0.01) than those in the national surveillance data, except for syphilis in females. Gonorrhoea and syphilis rates based on administrative data were significantly lower (P &amp;lt; 0.01) for all enrolees versus continuous enrolees only. The relative STI rates by age group from the administrative data were similar to those in the surveillance data. Conclusions: Although absolute STI rates in administrative data were lower than in the surveillance data, relative STI rates from administrative data were consistent with national surveillance data. For gonorrhoea and syphilis, the estimated rates from administrative data were sensitive to the enrolee inclusion criteria. Future studies should examine the potential for administrative data to complement surveillance data.

Topic: Syphilis Diagnosis and Treatment
Subfield: Physiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Does the inclusion of a problem-solving component to standard care improve concordance with the self-management programme for adolescents living with diabetes?

To investigate if problem-solving activity, not used in the UK, could support UK adolescent’s living with diabetes to improve self-management of their condition leading to improvements in self-care and glycaemic control when delivered alongside usual care at paediatric and young adults’ diabetes clinics.&#13;\nMethod: A pilot study incorporating 23 Adolescents (13-18 years) with a diagnosis of Type 1 Diabetes of at least a year and with English as a primary language were randomised into a two arm (intervention based on the International Treatment Effectiveness Protocol (ITEP) node-mapping approach that addressed common aspects of non-adherence to life style factors via scenarios and personal experience to encourage behavioural change + usual care vs. education control DVD + usual care) randomised control trial.&#13;\nResults: 23 participants completed a 3 month follow up within the required time scale. There was no change in the HbA1c levels for either group. The intervention group appeared to improve self-management on scores for the SCI following the intervention.&#13;\nConclusion: The study did not recruit substantial participants for a full powered study and any changes has to be treated with caution. As a pilot study it has helped identify protocols and processes that could lead to the delivery of a powered study. It received a grant from the InDependant Diabetes Trust and generated a number of learning outcomes that will support further research on its outcomes.

Topic: Diabetes Management and Education
Subfield: Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Cold dogs: Sperm freezing, artificial insemination &amp; non-invasive monitoring tools to facilitate a hybrid conservation management approach for endangered African wild dogs

Given the ongoing fragmentation and decline of suitable habitat coupled with recurring disease outbreaks and pack eradications, a major rethink is required to manage the long-term genetic diversity of the endangered African wild dog. Competing financial demands in developing countries mean that conservation strategies need to yield the biggest genetic gains for the smallest economic cost. As such, we propose the development of a hybrid conservation approach to the metapopulation management of African wild dogs, which augments assisted dispersal and natural breeding initiatives with genetic gains afforded by sperm banking and artificial insemination. We discuss how such an approach would address current challenges faced by the species in the context of its unique social biology and how this could integrate with existing conservation management interventions. Moreover, during a period spanning nearly 20 years, we have developed many of the supporting reproductive technologies required to maximise genetic diversity of African wild dogs, in addition to a suite of non-invasive management tools to quantify, monitor and manipulate behaviour, vocalisations, hormones for reproductive function and responses to stressors, as well as immune function to improve the social cohesion, health and reproduction of packs.

Topic: Human-Animal Interaction Studies
Subfield: Genetics
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Peer Review #1 of "Adaptive divergence, neutral panmixia, and algal symbiont population structure in the temperate coral Astrangia poculata along the Mid-Atlantic United States (v0.2)"

Astrangia poculata is a temperate scleractinian coral that exists in facultative symbiosis with the dinoflagellate alga Breviolum psygmophilum across a range spanning the Gulf of Mexico to Cape Cod, Massachusetts.Our previous work on metabolic thermal performance of Virginia (VA) and Rhode Island (RI) populations of A. poculata revealed physiological signatures of cold (RI) and warm (VA) adaptation of these populations to their respective local thermal environments.Here, we used whole-transcriptome sequencing (mRNA-Seq) to evaluate genetic differences and identify potential loci involved in the adaptive signature of VA and RI populations.Sequencing data from 40 A. poculata individuals, including 10 colonies from each population and symbiotic state (VA-white, VA-brown, RIwhite, and RI-brown), yielded a total of 1,808 host-associated and 59 algal symbiontassociated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) post filtration.Fst outlier analysis identified 66 putative high outlier SNPs in the coral host and 4 in the algal symbiont.Differentiation of VA and RI populations in the coral host was driven by putatively adaptive loci, not neutral divergence (Fst=0.16,p=0.001 and Fst=0.002,p=0.269 for outlier and neutral SNPs respectively).In contrast, we found evidence of neutral population differentiation in B. psygmophilum (Fst=0.093,p=0.001).Several putatively adaptive host loci occur on genes previously associated with the coral stress response.In the symbiont, three of four putatively adaptive loci are associated with photosystem proteins.The opposing pattern of neutral differentiation in B. psygmophilum, but not the A. poculata host, reflects the contrasting dynamics of coral host and algal symbiont population connectivity, dispersal, and gene by environment interactions.

Topic: Coral and Marine Ecosystems Studies
Subfield: Ecology
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Mini-Review on the Design Principles of Biochemical Oscillators for the Continuous Ethanol Fermentation Processes

Computational modeling and the theory of nonlinear dynamical systems allow us not only to simply describe the events of biochemical oscillators in the ethanol fermentation process but also to understand why these events occur. This article reviews results of experimental and theoretical studies about the behavior of fermentation systems for bio-ethanol production so as to understand the self-oscillatory phenomena that could affect productivity in industry. In general, Hopf bifurcation and limit cycles are the theoretical basis for the oscillations observed in continuous ethanol fermentation processes, but the underline mechanisms and causes might be different because the studied system is a collection of multi-scale oscillators. To characterize the oscillatory dynamics quantitatively, negative feedback laws are implemented. However, the stimulated oscillation through linear feedback is not adequate in describing such complex dynamics. Hence, elements of nonlinearity, auto-catalysis, and time delay are sorted out and added into the feedback loops to formulate biochemical oscillators. Then, we discuss specific examples of the various models and classify them according to the three kinds of mechanisms: nonlinear feedback, positive feedback, and delay feedback. These mechanisms and modeling work might be used as a guide for process design/operation to eliminate possible oscillations and to develop out advanced configurations that could produce bio-ethanol in a continuous, cost-effective manner.

Topic: Gene Regulatory Network Analysis
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
A Social Robot with Conversational Capabilities for Visitor Reception: Design and Framework

This paper presents a social robotic platform in-tended for usage as a reception agent in a university. This platform makes use of the recent advances in social robotics and conversational systems and tackles the challenge of engaging in conversations without ápriori information about the utterances it will reply to. A detailed design of an animatronics robotics head is shown. The head is actuated by mechanisms for the eyes, the jaws and the neck, to animate the platform during its interactions. The software design, architecture and framework of operation of this platform are explained.

Topic: Social Robot Interaction and HRI
Subfield: Social Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Implementation of Health Information Technology to Maximize Efficiency of Resource Utilization in a Geographically Dispersed Prenatal Care Delivery System

This study investigated the utilization of health information technology (HIT) to enhance resource utilization in a geographically dispersed tertiary care system with extensive outpatient and delivery services. It was initiated as a result of a systems change implemented after Hurricane Ike devastated southeast Texas. A retrospective database and electronic medical record review was performed, which included data collection from all patients evaluated 18 months prior (epoch I) and 18 months following (epoch II) the landfall of Hurricane Ike. The months immediately following the storm were omitted from the analysis, allowing time to establish a new baseline. We analyzed a total of 21,201 patients evaluated in triage at the University of Texas Medical Branch. Epoch I consisted of 11,280 patients and epoch II consisted of 9922 patients. Using HIT, we were able to decrease the number of visits to triage while simultaneously managing more complex patients in the outpatient setting with no clinically significant change in maternal or fetal outcome. This study developed an innovated model of care using constrained resources while providing quality and safety to our patients without additional cost to the health care delivery system.

Topic: Electronic Health Records Systems
Subfield: Health Information Management
Field: Health Professions
Domain: Health Sciences
Studies on Echinococcus Alveolaris (Klemm, 1883), from St. Lawrence Island, Alaska. III. The Histopathology caused by the Infection of E. Alveolaris in white Mice

"Studies on Echinococcus Alveolaris (Klemm, 1883), from St. Lawrence Island, Alaska. III. The Histopathology caused by the Infection of E. Alveolaris in white Mice" published on Sep 1956 by The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.

Topic: Parasitic infections in humans and animals
Subfield: Pathology and Forensic Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Successful Anesthetic Management of an Adult with Sotos Syndrome

Sotos syndrome is a rare genetic disorder presenting with craniofacial abnormalities, profound hypotonia, and cardiac abnormalities, giving rise to several potential challenges and concerns for an anesthesiologist. When preparing for a Sotos syndrome patient’s case, we consulted the literature for precedents on how to plan the anesthetic, to which we were only able to find a few reports and nothing in the age group our patient fell within. We present our case of an adult in addition to examining the previous cases so as to document a precedent when encountering patients with this syndrome in the operating room. We describe a unique case of a nonverbal adult with hypotonia and severe craniofacial abnormalities who successfully underwent multiple dental extractions under general anesthesia, with no complications other than a delay of emergence attenuated by naloxone. Our case and the seven previous documented cases over the past several decades demonstrate anesthesia, including paralytics and intubation itself safe despite obvious concerns given the common features of the syndrome for both pediatric patients and the one adult we described in this report.

Topic: Genetic Syndromes and Imprinting
Subfield: Genetics
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Sleep Quality, Depression, and the Risk of Anaemia in Adolescents Aged 10–19 Years During One Year of the COVID‐19 Pandemic in Indonesia

ABSTRACT Sleep quality and depression are known to be associated with anaemia in adults, but studies are limited among children and adolescents. The present study aimed to assess the association between sleep quality, depression, and haemoglobin concentration in Indonesian adolescents aged 10–19 years. Data of 452 adolescent boys and girls, aged 10–19 years old, were collected across all subdistricts in Gunungkidul district, Yogyakarta province, Indonesia, in 2021 (baseline) and 2022 (follow‐up). Sleep quality and depression were assesed using The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and The Kessler‐10 Psychological Distress Scale (K10), respectively. Haemoglobin concentration was measured, with corrections applied for altitude and smoking. Anaemia status was defined as haemoglobin &lt; 11.5 g/dL for adolescents aged 10–11 years old, &lt; 12 g/dL for those aged 12–14 years old and for girls aged 15 years and older, and &lt; 13 g/dL for boys aged 15 years old and older. Latent Class Analysis (LCA) was employed to identify distinct subgroups of adolescents based on shared patterns of sleep quality and depression. Multiple linear regression was applied to identify associations between class membership and haemoglobin concentration at baseline and follow‐up, with adjustments for baseline haemoglobin concentration, sex, age, pubertal status, alcohol consumption, smoking status, and household income. The overall prevalence of anaemia was 21% at baseline and 29% at follow‐up, with girls being more affected than boys. LCA yielded 5 classes of sleep quality and depression. We did not find an association between class membership and haemoglobin concentration at baseline. However, in comparison to class A and after adjustments, membership of class B (moderate‐to‐good sleep quality and low risk of depression, with some tiredness) predicted a reduction of 0.43 g/dL (95% CI: −0.79; −0.07), whereas membership of class C (moderate sleep quality and moderate risk of depression) predicted a reduction of 0.49 g/dL (95% CI: −0.94; −0.04) in haemoglobin concentration at 1 year follow‐up. Our study found that poor sleep quality and depression symptoms are associated with lower haemoglobin concentrations over time. Mental health and sleep quality should therefore be considered in intervention programs that address anaemia.

Topic: Child Nutrition and Water Access
Subfield: Nutrition and Dietetics
Field: Nursing
Domain: Health Sciences
Data from Suppression of Lymphocyte Functions by Plasma Exosomes Correlates with Disease Activity in Patients with Head and Neck Cancer

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Purpose:&lt;/b&gt; Head and neck cancers (HNCs) often induce profound immunosuppression, which contributes to disease progression and interferes with immune-based therapies. Body fluids of patients with HNC are enriched in exosomes potentially engaged in negative regulation of antitumor immune responses. The presence and content of exosomes derived from plasma of patients with HNC are evaluated for the ability to induce immune dysfunction and influence disease activity.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Experimental Design:&lt;/b&gt; Exosomes were isolated by size-exclusion chromatography from plasma of 38 patients with HNC and 14 healthy donors. Morphology, size, numbers, and protein and molecular contents of the recovered exosomes were determined. Coculture assays were performed to measure exosome-mediated effects on functions of normal human lymphocyte subsets and natural killer (NK) cells. The results were correlated with disease stage and activity.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; The presence, quantity, and molecular content of isolated, plasma-derived exosomes discriminated patients with HNC with active disease (AD) from those with no evident disease (NED) after oncologic therapies. Exosomes of patients with AD were significantly more effective than exosomes of patients with NED in inducing apoptosis of CD8&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; T cells, suppression of CD4&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; T-cell proliferation, and upregulation of regulatory T-cell (Treg) suppressor functions (all at &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.05). Exosomes of patients with AD also downregulated NKG2D expression levels in NK cells.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/b&gt; Exosomes in plasma of patients with HNC carry immunosuppressive molecules and interfere with functions of immune cells. Exosome-induced immune suppression correlates with disease activity in HNC, suggesting that plasma exosomes could be useful as biomarkers of HNC progression. &lt;i&gt;Clin Cancer Res; 23(16); 4843–54. ©2017 AACR&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

Topic: Extracellular vesicles in disease
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
MOS Capacitance-Voltage Characteristics from Electron-Trapping at Dopant Donor Impurity

The capacitance versus DC-voltage formula from electron trapping at dopant impurity centers is derived for MOS capacitors by the charge-storage method. Fermi—Dirac distribution and impurity denization are included in the DC-voltage scale. The low-frequency and high-frequency capacitances, and their differences and derivatives, are computed in the presence of an unlimited source of minority and majority carriers. The results show that their difference and their DC-voltage derivatives, are large and readily measurable, hence suitable as a method for characterizing the electronic trapping parameters at dopant impurity centers and for a number of lower power signal processing and device technology monitoring applications.

Topic: Semiconductor materials and devices
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences