jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Description and genomic characterization of Cohnella amylolytica sp. nov., isolated from Hot Springs in Yunnan province, south-west China

Abstract A bacterial strain, Gram staining positive, strictly aerobic, rod-shaped, motile bacterium with flagellum and endospore-forming, designated strain YIM B05605 T , was isolated from soil sampled in Hamazui hot springs, Tengchong City, Yunnan province, China. Optimum growth for the strain occurred at pH 7.0 and 45 °C. The predominant menaquinone of strain YIM B05605 T was MK-7. The diagnostic diamino acid in the cell-wall peptidoglycan was meso -diaminopimelic acid. Diphosphatidylglycerol (DPG), phosphatidylglycerol (PG), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylmonomethylethanolamine (PME), unidentified glycolipid (GL), three unknown aminophospholipids (APLs) and unidentified polarlipid (PL) were part of the polar lipid profle. The major fatty acids were anteiso- C 15:0 and iso- C 16:0 . The DNA G+C content of the type strain was 58.76 mol%. Genome-based phylogenetic analysis confirmed that strain YIM B05605 T formed a distinct phylogenetic cluster within the genus Cohnella . The average nucleotide identity (ANI) and digital DNA-DNA hybridization (dDDH) values of strain YIM B05605 T with the most related species C. fontinalis YT-1101 T were 73.42 % and 15.7 %. Based on phylogenomic and phylogenetic analyses coupled with phenotypic and chemotaxonomic characterizations, strain YIM B05605 T could be classified as a novel species of the genus Cohnella , for which the name Cohnella amylolytica sp. nov., is proposed. The type strain is YIM B05605 T (= CGMCC 1.60052 T = KCTC 43462 T = NBRC 115921 T ).

Topic: Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Harmonic Waves in a Linear Viscoelastic Plate

The procedure of analysis of harmonic waves propagate in elasticwave guides is applied to harmonic waves in linear viscoelastic wave guides. The formal solutions which satisfy the frequency equations of guides wave motions in a linear viscoelastic plate are thus obtained. The frequency spectra of guided waves in a viscoelastic plate are compared with those of elastic waves, and their differences are discussed. The displacement and the phase lag profiles in L and SV modes are obtained at specific frequencies, and it is shown that the viscoelastic waves of these modes are not plane waves.

Topic: Ultrasonics and Acoustic Wave Propagation
Subfield: Mechanics of Materials
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Orbital lymphosarcoma associated with reticuloendotheliosis virus in a peafowl

Lymphosarcoma should be considered in the differential diagnoses of exophthalmia in Indian peafowl. Complications of orbital exenteration in birds may include profound oculocardiac reflex and hemorrhage. Orbital bleeding may be controlled by direct pressure, electrocautery, topical administration of bovine thrombin, and application of sterile gelatine sponges and oxidized regenerated cellulose. Blood transfusions may be necessary. Reticuloendotheliosis virus may play a role in the genesis of lymphosarcoma in peafowl.

Topic: Animal Virus Infections Studies
Subfield: Animal Science and Zoology
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Enhancing Peptide Ligand Binding to Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor by Covalent Bond Formation

Formation of a stable covalent bond between a synthetic probe molecule and a specific site on a target protein has many potential applications in biomedical science. For example, the properties of probes used as receptor-imaging ligands may be improved by increasing their residence time on the targeted receptor. Among the more interesting cases are peptide ligands, the strongest of which typically bind to receptors with micromolar dissociation constants, and which may depend on processes other than simple binding to provide images. The side chains of cysteine, histidine, or lysine are attractive for chemical attachment to improve binding to a receptor protein, and a system based on acryloyl probes attaching to engineered cysteine provides excellent positron emission tomographic images in animal models (Wei et al. (2008) J. Nucl. Med. 49, 1828-1835). In nature, lysine is a more common but less reactive residue than cysteine, making it an interesting challenge to modify. To seek practically useful cross-linking yields with naturally occurring lysine side chains, we have explored not only acryloyl but also other reactive linkers with different chemical properties. We employed a peptide-VEGF model system to discover that a 19mer peptide ligand, which carried a lysine-tagged dinitrofluorobenzene group, became attached stably and with good yield to a unique lysine residue on human vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), even in the presence of 70% fetal bovine serum. The same peptide carrying acryloyl and related Michael acceptors gave low yields of attachment to VEGF, as did the chloroacetyl peptide.

Topic: Click Chemistry and Applications
Subfield: Organic Chemistry
Field: Chemistry
Domain: Physical Sciences
Fundamentals of EEG Signal Processing

Electroencephalography (EEG) signals are the signatures of neural activities and generally are the integrals of active potentials which elicit from the brain with different latencies and populations around each time instant. Modelling of neural activities is probably more difficult than modelling the function of any other organ. Application of time– frequency (TF) domain analysis for detection of the seizure in neonates has paved the way for further research in this area. An EEG signal can be considered as the output of a nonlinear system, which may be characterized deterministically. Nonstationarity of the signals can be quantified by evaluating the changes in signal distribution over time. The synchro-squeezing wavelet transform has been introduced as a post-processing technique to enhance the TF spectrum obtained by applying the wavelet transform. Empirical mode decomposition is an adaptive time–space analysis method suitable for processing nonstationary and nonlinear time series.

Topic: EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces
Subfield: Cognitive Neuroscience
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences
Effect of moisture conservation and integrated nutrient management on summer maize (Zea mays) in Kandahar, Afghanistan

Afghanistan National Agricultural Sciences and Technology University (ANASTU), Kandahar, Afghanistan during summer season of 2017 to determine the effect of moisture conservation practices and INM on maize growth, productivity, profitability and resource-use efficiency. Planting maize on raised-beds along with wheat crop residues-mulch (3 t/ha) significantly improved the growth, yield attributes, yield, net returns, monetary-efficiency, production-efficiency and water-productivity over flat-bed planting. Applying 50% RDF + FYM (10 t/ha) and 2-foliar sprays of urea (2%) first at knee-high stage and second at tasseling stage, resulted in the highest growth, yield, production efficiency and water productivity, which was in general at par with 100% RDF. These results suggest that summer maize crop in Kandahar and other similar regions may be planted on raised beds mulched with crop residue (3 t/ha) and fertilized using INM approach to enhance productivity, profitability and resource-use efficiency.

Topic: Crop Yield and Soil Fertility
Subfield: Agronomy and Crop Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Alcohol and new onset atrial fibrillation: a case-control study of a current series

SUMMARY The aetiological role of alcohol in new onset atrial fibrillation was evaluated in a case-control study of 100 consecutive patients aged 21-64 years. Clinical examination, routine diagnostic tests, and echocardiography revealed an underlying disease or other identifiable factor for atrial fibrillation in 65 patients (group 1); 35 patients had idiopathic atrial fibrillation (group 2). The most common diseases associated with atrial fibrillation were ischaemic heart disease (21%), hypertension (13%), and cardiomyopathy (8%). Data on alcohol consumption were obtained by interviewing the patients and their age and sex matched controls on admission. The mean daily alcohol intake of group 2 patients during the week preceding atrial fibrillation was significantly larger than that of either their controls or group 1 patients. Compared with controls significantly more patients in both groups with atrial fibrillation had consumed alcohol within two days of the onset of the arrhythmia. Significantly more patients had onset of arrhythmia on Wednesday, Thursday, or Friday than on any other weekday, including patients with high alcohol intake. This study establishes alcohol as an important precipitating factor for new onset atrial fibrillation.

Topic: Alcohol Consumption and Health Effects
Subfield: Pathology and Forensic Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Research of Modern Information Technology on Tree Growth Management Decision Making Model

Tree growth management decision-making model can simulate growth management of tree and perform quantitative analysis of tree growth conditions.This paper explores the feasibility of modern information technology in management assessment of tree growth, information technology include neural network, ontology and expert system technology, then ontology technology is used to establish ontology database and knowledge base of tree growth management resource, the growth simulation and tree growth management ontology technology are used to build simulation models of tree growth, then expert systems and neural network technology are combined to simulate tree growth development process of decision-making model.The practice has proved that the research can not only predict the growth conditions of tree and dynamic grasp the growth process of the tree, but also can provide theoretical basis for the analysis and evaluation of tree growth management, greatly improving the level of tree growth management.

Topic: Advanced Decision-Making Techniques
Subfield: Information Systems
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Instantaneous and scale-versatile gourdron theory: pair momentum equation, quasi-stability concept, and statistical indeterminacy revealing masses of elementary, bio-molecular, and cosmic particles

Flexible particles, including hadrons, atoms, hydrated biological molecules, cells, organs containing water, liquid fuel droplets in engines, and stars commonly break up after becoming a gourd shape rather than that of a string; this leads to cyto-fluid dynamics that can explain the proliferation, differentiation, and replication of biomolecules, onto-biology that clarifies the relationship between information, structure, and function, and the gourd theory that clarifies masses, including quark-leptons and Plank energy. The masses are related to the super-magic numbers, including the asymmetric silver ratio and symmetric yamato ratio, and reveal further mechanisms underlying symmetry breaking. This paper gives further theoretical basis and evidence, because the gourd theory reported previously is a little analogical and instinctive.

Topic: Origins and Evolution of Life
Subfield: Astronomy and Astrophysics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Copper mineralization in Pennsylvanian-Permian rocks of the Tonto Rim segment of the Mogollon Rim in central Arizona

This item was digitized from a paper original and/or a microfilm copy. If you need higher-resolution images for any content in this item, please contact us at repository@u.library.arizona.edu.

Topic: Geochemistry and Geologic Mapping
Subfield: Artificial Intelligence
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Spectroscopic Studies and Photodynamic Actions of Hypocrellin B in Liposomes¶

Hypocrellin B (HB), a lipid-soluble natural pigment of perylenequinone derivative, is considered as potential photosensitizer for photodynamic therapy. Liposomes loaded with HB can constitute a simple model system, appropriate for better understanding the photodynamic action of HB in vivo. The steady-state absorption and emission spectra, quantum yield and lifetime of fluorescence of HB incorporated into egg L-a-phosphatidyl-choline (EPC) liposome were examined. The photochemical properties (Type I and/or Type II) of HB have also been studied in aqueous dispersions of small unilamellar liposomes of EPC using electron paramagnetic resonance and spectrophotometric methods, respectively. The quantum yield of 1O2 generated by HB is ca 0.76 in chloroform solution and it did not change upon the incorporation of HB into liposomes of EPC. The superoxide anion radical was generated by the electron transfer from the anion radical of HB (HB.-) to oxygen. The disproportionation of O2.- can generate H2O2 and ultimately the highly reactive .OH via the Fenton reaction. It could be that the disproportionation proceeded too fast, so we could not detect O2.- directly in aqueous dispersions of liposome EPC. Moreover, the self-sensitized photooxygenation of HB embedded in liposomes was studied, and almost fully (87%) inhibiting this reaction of HB by p-benzoquinone (as the quencher of O2.-) in aqueous dispersion of liposome EPC indicated that the radical mechanism (Type I) might be mainly involved in this oxygenation. All these findings suggested that the photodynamic action of HB proceeded via both Type-I and -II mechanisms, but Type-I mechanism might play a more important role in the aqueous dispersion.

Topic: Photodynamic Therapy Research Studies
Subfield: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
STRESS AND FATIGUE LIFE PREDICTION OF THE H-TYPE DARRIEUS VERTICAL AXIS TURBINE FOR MICRO-HYDROPOWER APPLICATIONS

The present study aims to analyze the structural behavior of the Darrieus Hydro-kinetic turbine at different upstream velocity values and rotational rates. For that purpose, one-way fluid-structure interaction is performed to predict stresses, deformation and fatigue life of the turbine. To determine real-time fluid loads three-dimensional fluid flow simulations were performed, the obtained fluid loads were transferred to the structural finite element analysis model. CFD simulation results were validated with experimental results from literature where the close agreement was noticed. Structural analysis results revealed that the highest stresses are produced in the struts and at the joint where the shaft is connected with struts. Moreover, it was also found that the stress produced in the turbine is highly non-linear against Tip Speed Ratio (TSR) i.e inflow water velocity. Finite Element Analysis (FEA) results showed that maximum values of stresses were found in the turbine strut having a value 131.99MPa, which lower than the yield strength of the material, the fatigue life of 117520 cycles and factor of safety 1.89. The study also found that increased inflow velocity results increase in stress and deformation produced in the turbine. Additionally, the study assumed Aluminum Alloy as turbine blade material, further; it was found that the blade which confronts flow, experience higher stresses. Moreover, the study concluded that strut, blade-strut joint and strut-shaft joint are the critical parts of the turbine, require careful design consideration. Furthermore, the study also suggests that the turbine blade may be kept hollow to reduce turbine weight; hence inertia and turbine struts and shaft should be made of steel or the material having higher stiffness and strength.

Topic: Cavitation Phenomena in Pumps
Subfield: Mechanics of Materials
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Prevalence and genotype-specific distribution of Human papillomavirus in Burundi according to HIV status and urban or rural residence and its implications for control

Background Human papillomaviruses are the most important causative agents for invasive cervical cancer development. HPV type-specific vaccination and HPV cervical cancer screening methods are being widely recommended to control the disease but the epidemiology of the circulating HPV types may vary locally. The circulating HPV-strains have never been assessed in Burundi. This study determined the prevalence and genotype-specific distribution of HPV in four different strata in Burundi: HIV-infected or non-infected and women living in rural or urban areas. Implications for HPV diagnosis and vaccine implementation was discussed. Methods Four cross-sectional surveys were conducted in Burundi (2013 in a rural area and 2016 in urban area) among rural and urban HIV-infected and uninfected women. Cytology and HPV genotyping was performed to screen women for cervical cancer lesions. Risk factors for HPV infection and cervical cancer lesions were determined using logistic regression model. Results HPV prevalence was very high in urban area with significant differences between HIV-positive and negative women (p<0.0001). In fact, 45.7% of HIV-positive participants were infected with any HPV type and all were infected with at least one HR/pHR-HPV type. Among the HIV-negative participants, 13.4% were HPV-infected, of whom, only 4 women (2.7%) were infected with HR/pHR-HPV types. In rural, HPV infection did not significantly differ between HIV-positive and negative women (30.0% and 31.3% respectively; p=0.80). In urban, multiple infections with HR/pHR-HPV types were detected in 13.9% and 2.7% among HIV-positive and negative women respectively (p<0.0001), whereas in rural, multiple infections with HR/pHR-HPV types were detected in 4.7% and 3.3% of HIV positive and negative women respectively (p=0.56). The most prevalent HR/pHR-HPV types in HIV-positive urban women were HPV 52, 51 and 56. In the HIV-negative urban women, the most prevalent HR/pHR-HPV types were HPV 66, 67 and 18. In HIV-positive rural women, the most prevalent HR/pHR-HPV types were HPV 66, 16 and 18. In the HIV-negative rural women, the most prevalent HR/pHR-HPV types were HPV 16, 66 and 18. Independent risk factors associated with cervical lesions were HPV and HIV infections. Conclusions There is a high burden of HR/pHR-HPV infections, in particular among HIV-infected urban women. The study points out the need to introduce a comprehensive cervical cancer control program adapted to the context. This study shows that the nonavalent vaccine covers most of the HR/pHR-HPV infections in rural and urban areas among HIV-infected and uninfected women.

Topic: Cervical Cancer and HPV Research
Subfield: Epidemiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Estimation and Compensation for Signal-Signal Beating Interference in Direct Detection Fiber-Optical Transmission Systems of OFDM Signals

A mathematical model is developed for calculating the beating noise that occurs during photodetection of a single-band optical OFDM signal. The model allows one to estimate the spectral distribution of the beating noise and the distortion of the OFDM signal subcarrier levels due to fiber dispersion. The influence of the beating noise on orthogonal subcarrier channels, possible ways of increasing the system transmission capacity, and the method of noise compensation on the receiving side are investigated.

Topic: Advanced Photonic Communication Systems
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Conductive, transparent, flexible electrode from silver nanowire thin film with double layer structure

Herein we report a double layer structured transparent/flexible transparent electrode from silver nanowire (Ag NW) network film with graphene oxide (GO) coating. The electrode consists of two layers on top of a transparent substrate successively: the first layer is a thin film composed of Ag NW networks, and a GO coating on top. The top encapsulation layer not only greatly decreases the film resistivity while keeping its transparency, but also enhances the thermal and chemical stability. It is expected that the proposed GO/Ag NW double layered electrode might serve as an ultimate solution to the practical applications of Ag NW based electrode.

Topic: Nanomaterials and Printing Technologies
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Controlled Synthesis of Kinked Ultrathin ZnS Nanorods/Nanowires Triggered by Chloride Ions: A Case Study

Colloidal synthesis of kinked ultrathin ZnS nanorods/nanowires with mixed phases using tiny Ag 2 S nanocrystals as catalysts is reported. It is found that chloride ions can induce the controlled morphology transition from straight to kinking. The synthetic parameters modulating the growth of kinked ZnS nanorods/nanowires are systematically investigated. Chloride ions introduced in the reaction can generate more proportion of wurtzite phase by slowing the nucleation and growth rates during the growth of one‐dimensional (1D) ZnS nanorods/nanowires. The formation of kinked morphology is responsible for the increased domains of mixed stacking and twinning in single 1D nanostructures. The present recipe on controlled synthesis of 1D kinked nanorods/nanowires provides a model of crystal growth control, and these unique 1D nanostructures may also offer new opportunities to fabricate nanodevices with special functions.

Topic: Quantum Dots Synthesis And Properties
Subfield: Materials Chemistry
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
[Sympathetic ganglia nerve and glial cells in mice of different ages. II. Interferometric and electron microscopic study of the perikarya of neurocytes from a population with a sharply decreased number of cells].

The number of nerve cells in stellate ganglia of mice injected antiserum against the nerve growth factor during the first five days after birth made -- 22%, 19 and 15.5% in 1, 3 and 8 month old animals compared to the control values. The neurons that developed in ganglia with reduced cell numbers are characterized by a higher dry weight of their nuclei and cytoplasm. The ultrastructure of perikaria of such cells has some pecularities different in mice of different age, and are possibly brought about by compensatory changes in the ganglia.

Topic: ATP Synthase and ATPases Research
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences