jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Blind MIMO deconvolution of any source distributions via high-order spectra

This paper is concerned with blind separation of convolutive mixtures of spatially independent, and temporally possible non linear processes. We consider the MIMO extraction based on the maximization of a contrast function. A new self-styled referenced contrast (RC) function is proposed, which is based on cross-trispectra between the estimated output and a reference signal. Using Parsevals formula, the former criterion yields a new class of time-domain contrast. It presents two main advantages over other more traditional contrasts. Firstly, it concerns the computational cost, and secondly the extension takes into consideration the extraction of the independent sources in the presence of Gaussian sources by making some constraints on the reference signals. There is no comparison with other methods because this is the first technique that deals with this kind of signals in the convolutif mixtures.

Topic: Blind Source Separation Techniques
Subfield: Signal Processing
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
A dissipative approach to control of biological wastewater treatment plants based on entire nonlinear process models

This paper proposes an approach to control design of biological wastewater treatment (WWT) plants based on rigorous treatment of the complex mathematical models from a nonlinear control theoretical viewpoint. Without resorting to order reduction, localization and linearization of process models, this paper provides a promising avenue to model-based control design for necessary innovations of modern WWT. Fundamental properties of the activated sludge WWT plant are investigated, and a dissipation property of the entire plant is derived from precise integration of all components of the plant. For the purpose of efficient removal of carbon and nitrogen, control laws are proposed so that the dissipation of the entire plant is preserved in the presence of control inputs. This paper demonstrates that utilization of the natural principle, the dissipation, is very effective in extracting compact global information of the large-scale plant, and it enables us to accomplish a model-based control design taking into account the whole behavior of the WWT plant.

Topic: Wastewater Treatment and Nitrogen Removal
Subfield: Pollution
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Characteristics of School Health Education in Myanmar

The purpose of this paper is to outline the characteristics of school health education in Myanmar, with special focus on the recent introduction of the new subject ‘Life Skill (Ba-wa Twe Tha)’ within the school curriculum. Also examined is the role played by international agencies in establishing the school health program there.Although many studies have been carried out on school health education in developing countries, little is known about how such programs take root in different cultures, and how specific cultural hazards are addressed. Typical of this trend, for example, are the studies conducted by the World Bank, which have mainly focused on economic efficiency.

Topic: School Health and Nursing Education
Subfield: Speech and Hearing
Field: Health Professions
Domain: Health Sciences
Prasasti Kintamani E Kajian Epigrafi

This study is concentrated on a group of inscriptions currently stored in Bale Agung Kintamani Temple. Therefore the problemsis consists of two questions, those are: how the linguistic aspects of the inscription and aspects of social institutions enclosed to the inscription. The are two phasesresearch method. Data collection is done through libraryresearch and observation to documentation result. The collected dataare analyzed through morphological analysis and qualitative analysis.The research results showed that the Kintamani E inscription contains several aspects of language such as the using of affixation are Perfix: (di-, sa-, a- or ma-, pa-, ka-, pari-, Infix: -um- , -in-, suffixes: -nya-, -aken, - ?n, konfiks: (pa - an), (ma - an), (ka - an), (ma - ak?n), (pa - nya), (saka-nya).The social orders involved the political aspect, economic aspect, religious aspect and social aspects contained in the inscription very possibly reflectedthe society at that time

Topic: Linguistics and Language Analysis
Subfield: Language and Linguistics
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Figure S1 from Wedelolactone, an Anti-inflammatory Botanical, Interrupts c-Myc Oncogenic Signaling and Synergizes with Enzalutamide to Induce Apoptosis in Prostate Cancer Cells

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figure 1-chemical structures of Wedelolactone and Enzalutamide.&lt;/p&gt;

Topic: Microbial Metabolism and Applications
Subfield: Biotechnology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Poverty Alleviation through Optimizing the Marketing of <i>Garcinia kola</i> and <i>Irvingia gabonensis</i> in Ondo State, Nigeria

The paper examines poverty alleviation through optimizing the marketing of Garcinia kola and Irvingia gabonensis in Ondo State, Nigeria. Data for this study were collected using structured questionnaire. Two categories of pretested structured questionnaires were used to obtain information from the respondents (farmers and the marketers of the species). Data analysis was done using descriptive analysis, and Student t -test was used to compare the income generated by the producers and the marketers of the fruits of the tree species. In addition, analysis of variance (ANOVA), arranged in randomized complete block design, was employed to test the significance of price variable across the three market structures (i.e., farm gate price, rural market price, and urban market price). Marketing of forest fruits species is a profitable enterprise with an average profit of ₦ 19,123.37 per marketer per month. The analysis of variance for the two forest fruit species indicated that Irvingia gabonensis generated the highest annual income in rainforest ecosystem while Garcinia kola generated the highest annual income in derived savanna ecosystem. Major constraints militating against these forest fruit species are poor market access and infrastructure development. The paper recommended among other things that domestication and interventions of these forest fruit species should be encouraged for proper management and sustainability.

Topic: African Botany and Ecology Studies
Subfield: Forestry
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
LHD Halpha #177750.1

Toroidal visible array to measure toroidal distribution of H-alpha and He-I, ratio of helium to hydrogen: H/(H+He) or D/(D+He), and particle recycling and edge tau_p. H-alpha and He-I line emissions are detected by photomultipliers passing through an interference filter. H/D influx ratio can be also minitored by resolving H-alpha and D-alpha line profiles.

Topic: Viral Infections and Outbreaks Research
Subfield: Infectious Diseases
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
COVID-19 Pandemic: The Role of Nutrition in Strengthening the Immunity

Coronavirus is one of many viruses that can cause symptoms like pneumonia, lung infection, difficulty in breathing, fever, etc. (1).This virus is a sub-family of the coronavirus family, which occurs as a large ribonucleic acid (RNA) virus that infects the human respiratory tract (2).These viruses are fatal for those with immunocompromise, particularly elderly people.They are known to infect human airways from the luminal side, and progeny viruses are released from the same side.This makes it easier to spread through coughing and sneezing (2).

Topic: Diverse Scientific Research Studies
Subfield: General Health Professions
Field: Health Professions
Domain: Health Sciences
Pure red cell aplasia, a disease of a great diversity

Pure red cell aplasia (PRCA) is a type of normocytic or sometimes macrocytic anemia characterized by reticulocytopenia. The cause of hypo erythropoiesis is varied. It could be of a congenital or an acquired type. A congenital PRCA is different than anemia caused by congenital dyserythropoiesis. The classification of acquired PRCA can be primary when no cause is identified or secondary due to underling or associated pathology. The primary PRCA is a disease of exclusion. There are many disorders such as autoimmune disorders, hematological and nonhematological malignancies, some infections, and medications that cause secondary PRCA. Immune-mediated mechanism plays an important role in both primary and secondary types. Therefore, immunomodulating agents are important in the treatment of primary type and many secondary types. Other therapy modalities include surgery, plasmapheresis, and hemopoietic stem cell transplantation. The assessment of hemoglobin level and absolute reticulocyte count with the frequency of blood transfusion are important to monitor therapy response achievement. Achievement of complete response is important to eliminate demands for blood transfusion and to avoid blood-transfusion risks. Herein, we review this disorder which has broad diversity, its causes, approach to its cause, therapy modalities.

Topic: Parvovirus B19 Infection Studies
Subfield: Infectious Diseases
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Communications Deregulation and Democratization in Thailand

AbstractThis article considers recent Thai communication policy as a case study of some of the tensions in Asian communications regulation. Thailand is now reregulating its communications after a period of boom and bust. With the new 1997 Constitution, there is an expectation that regulation should ensure more public oversight oftelecoms and broadcasting, formerly the province of state agencies, the Army and big business (Ubonrat, 1997). One problem for reformers, however, is the prospect of telecom and broadcasting regulation being combined. This could subordinate public interest considerations to the free-market culture prevailing in telecom regulation. Broadcasting and telecommunications have historically been distinct in terms of their regulatory institutions, in Australia as well as Thailand (Barr, 2000: 22). Another issue is that as the power of the Army and the state agencies is being challenged, new private monopolies are replacing them. Additional informationNotes on contributorsGlen LewisGlen Lewis is Professor, Bangkok University, Thailand.

Topic: Asian Culture and Media Studies
Subfield: Cultural Studies
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
From Whiteboards to Web 2.0: Activating Language Skills with New TechnologiesImplementing and Researching Technological Innovation in Language Teaching: The Case of Interactive Whiteboards for EFL in French Schools

Few educational technologies are as controversial as the interactive whiteboard (IWB). In some parts of the world, they ‘have become an integral part of classroom life’ ( Mercer 2010 : xv). In others, they are largely unused, gathering dust. Some institutions have chosen not to invest in IWBs at all. The IWB itself has come to symbolize the digital divide. What is an IWB? Originating in the corporate world as a way of enhancing presentations, it is a large interactive display, usually connected to a computer and a data projector. Graphics and text are moveable; users can play video and audio, annotate the screen, and use interactive language exercises with their students, all through using the board. Current boards can support ten simultaneous users, and configurations may simply involve a computer plus an interactive screen. When it comes to using IWBs in language teaching, there are two broad camps: supporters and detractors. For supporters, the IWB is a powerful learning tool. Research has established that teachers can use it to deliver memorable presentations; better review is possible by going back over the flipcharts saved in a lesson. The IWB is good for gaining and holding students’ attention, and for delivering complex content. It has proven especially beneficial for kinaesthetic learners. For detractors, claims about its ‘interactivity’ are questionable; the learning curve involved is deemed too steep; any money invested in IWBs is better spent elsewhere, on Wi-Fi for example. Both camps are in agreement that the IWB itself is a ‘tool’: ‘it’s not what it is, but what you do with it’, to adapt a well-known statement about computer programs ( Jones 1986 ).

Topic: Education and Technology Integration
Subfield: Education
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
The interaction of monovalent cations with fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase modified by N-ethylmaleimide and its relation with AMP inhibition.

The relationship between derivatization of reactive cysteine residues with N-ethylmaleimide and a partial desensitization of fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase to AMP inhibition was studied. AMP desensitization of the enzyme was found to be dependent on the activity assay conditions used. When the assay was performed in the presence of high levels of monovalent cations (150 mM), the AMP affinity of the enzyme decreased with the chemical modification. The apparent loss of sensitivity toward AMP was accompanied by an uptake of 1 mole of N-ethylmaleimide/mole of enzyme subunit. However, the modified enzyme did not show alteration in AMP inhibition in the absence of K+. Evidence was obtained that K+ induces a conformational change on the enzyme derivative, which hinders AMP interaction with the protein. The results point to the importance of selecting suitable conditions for the study of the regulatory properties in allosteric enzymes.

Topic: Cancer, Hypoxia, and Metabolism
Subfield: Cancer Research
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Studies on curing of meat products-II

Cured meats processed with added nitrate, nitrite or raw spices containing nitrate were investigated in relation to meat color development and the residual N03 and NO2- when reducing agents such as ascorbic acid and cysteine were present. The residual N02- level in cured meats was also studied, taking into account the interference of reducing agents with N02- determination. 1) The residual NO2- decreased remarkably and a high development of cured meat color was observed in the presence of reducing agents. 2) Soaking whale meat in water to remove blood before curing accelerated the color develop-ment of cured meat but also resulted in a relatively high residual N02 level unless reducing agents were used with nitrate or nitrite. 3) Although low N03 levels were detected in meat products processed without the addition of nitrate, further experiments are necessary to clarify where this N03- is derived from. 4) High amounts of N03- were found in several raw spices. There was a high develop-ment of cured meat color on addition of raw spices, such as raw celery juice, in the presence of ascorbic acid.

Topic: Meat and Animal Product Quality
Subfield: Animal Science and Zoology
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Effect of Medium Moisture on Growth, Osmotic Adjustment and Recovery Capacity of Cabbage Plug Seedlings During Low-temperature Storage

This experiment studied the effect of different medium moisture on plant growth, water relations, and accumulation of osmotic adjustment substances of cabbage plug seedlings during low-temperature storage in darkness and on the photosynthetic and transpiration rates after removal from storage and transplanting. The plants were not watered from 0 (control), 1 (D), and 2 (DD) d before the start of storage. The results indicated that plant growth, and leaf relative water content and leaf saturated osmotic potential under water stress treatment significantly decreased compared with the control at the end of storage. However, the water stress resulted in increase in the proline contents in leaves, and abscisic acid, soluble sugar and total ion contents in plants. Starch contents in plants decreased significantly over storage time. After removal from storage and transplanting, plug cabbage seedlings under D treatment showed a faster and steadier recovery to photosynthesis and transpiration than the control.

Topic: Composting and Vermicomposting Techniques
Subfield: Soil Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Effect of Exogenous Progesterone on Estrous Cycle Length

The effect of exogenous progesterone on estrous cycle length was studied in four species. Injections were begun on day of estrus in all animals. In ewes the injection of 25 mg. of progesterone per day for the first 6 days reduced average length of the estrous cycle from 16.5 days in control ewes to 12.7 days in treated ewes. In cattle 10 daily injections of 100 mg. of progesterone reduced estrous cycle length from 20.7 days in controls to 16.7 days in treated cows. Similarly, 2.5 mg. of progesterone per day for 6 days reduced the average estrous cycle length of guinea pigs from 16.3 days in controls to 15.0 days in treated guinea pigs. However, in swine there was no difference between average estrous cycle length of control gilts (20.7 days) and that of gilts treated with 200 mg. of progesterone per day for 10 days (22.8 days).

Topic: Reproductive Physiology in Livestock
Subfield: Agronomy and Crop Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
A model of speech recognition for hearing-impaired listeners based on deep learning

Automatic speech recognition (ASR) has made major progress based on deep machine learning, which motivated the use of deep neural networks (DNNs) as perception models and specifically to predict human speech recognition (HSR). This study investigates if a modeling approach based on a DNN that serves as phoneme classifier [Spille, Ewert, Kollmeier, and Meyer (2018). Comput. Speech Lang. 48, 51–66] can predict HSR for subjects with different degrees of hearing loss when listening to speech embedded in different complex noises. The eight noise signals range from simple stationary noise to a single competing talker and are added to matrix sentences, which are presented to 20 hearing-impaired (HI) listeners (categorized into three groups with different types of age-related hearing loss) to measure their speech recognition threshold (SRT), i.e., the signal-to-noise ratio with 50% word recognition rate. These are compared to responses obtained from the ASR-based model using degraded feature representations that take into account the individual hearing loss of the participants captured by a pure-tone audiogram. Additionally, SRTs obtained from eight normal-hearing (NH) listeners are analyzed. For NH subjects and three groups of HI listeners, the average SRT prediction error is below 2 dB, which is lower than the errors of the baseline models.

Topic: Speech and Audio Processing
Subfield: Signal Processing
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Comparative Effects of Household and Manufactured Feeds on Heavy Metal Accumulation and Proximate Composition in Labeo rohita and Oreochromis niloticus under Tank Conditions

This research evaluated the effects of household versus manufactured feeds on heavy metal accumulation and proximate composition in Labeo rohita and Oreochromis niloticus in controlled tank environments. Fish were raised under three feeding regimes: household feed, manufactured feed, and a control group. Analysis of heavy metals revealed that L. rohita receiving manufactured feed had the highest levels of chromium (8.464 mg/kg in muscle), cadmium (0.949 mg/kg in viscera), and lead (0.411 mg/kg in viscera), compared to the household-fed and control groups. In O. niloticus, elevated cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) levels were observed in fish-fed manufactured diets, whereas chromium levels were relatively lower. The findings indicate that manufactured feeds may increase the risk of heavy metal accumulation. Proximate composition analysis showed that L. rohita fed manufactured feed exhibited the highest crude protein (15.92%) and ash (5.23%) content, whereas household feed produced moderate protein levels (15.73%) and slightly elevated lipid content. In O. niloticus, household feed increased lipid content (3.11%) while slightly decreasing protein levels (14.33%) in comparison to manufactured feed (14.99%). The control group exhibited a higher moisture content for both species. These results highlight the significance of choosing safe and balanced feed formulations for sustainable aquaculture techniques by pointing to a trade-off between nutritional advantages and possible contamination hazards.

Topic: Aquaculture Nutrition and Growth
Subfield: Aquatic Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
The Quadrennial Defense Review: Improving the Process to Improve the Product

Abstract : The above quote, taken from Secretary of Defense William Cohen's cover letter that accompanied the May 1997 Report of the Quadrennial Defense Review, might leave one with the impression that those responsible for that undertaking were driven by purely noble motives. Rather than accepting such a lofty notion at face value, we must probe more deeply to reveal the process at work during the Quadrennial Defense Review (QDR). This is especially appropriate since more than a year has passed since the completion of the QDR and the follow-on report by the National Defense Panel (NDP). We can now view the results with some perspective. In addition, lessons learned from the 1997 reviews can help guide the next review cycle, scheduled for 2001. While many in Congress may have held out high hopes that the QDR and NDP would produce meaningful recommendations for change to meet the nation's future security requirements, the results have been disappointing. This paper will seek to explain that the shortcomings in the products from the QDR and NDP were, perhaps predictably, largely a result of the bureaucratic structure of the process used to conduct these two much-publicized defense reviews. Furthermore, this paper will offer recommendations for an alternative structure for the next QDR to increase the freedom and independence of its operations. This will improve the chances that the next review will take a truly fresh look at defense and yield a more relevant report.

Topic: Military and Defense Studies
Subfield: Political Science and International Relations
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
A Study of Cross-Correlation and Breakfinding Algorithms Applied to the Measurements of Redshifts in Very Low-Resolution Spectra

In this article we compare the cross-correlation and breakfinder techniques applied to the measurements of redshifts from low-resolution spectra. We assume spectra obtained from multinarrowband imagery, a technique for multi-object spectrophotometry. Comparing the cross-correlation with the breakfinder, we find that neither is intrinsically superior to the other. They have comparable precision for early type galaxies but the cross-correlation is clearly superior for later type galaxies. On the other hand, unlike the breakfinder, the cross-correlation is sensitive to instrumental errors as well as the shape of the templates used. We carried out simulations with two types of global spectral errors: a slope error and sinusoidal errors. They can introduce serious systematic errors in redshifts measured with the cross-correlation. The breakfinder is a spectrally local test and does not suffer from this type of error. We therefore conclude that the two techniques are complementary and that they should both be used to help flag objects for which they give abnormally discrepant redshifts.

Topic: Astronomy and Astrophysical Research
Subfield: Instrumentation
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences