jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Love on Film

COMEDY AND VIOLENCE, on the films, are intellectuality respectable-they have their followings; but Love isn't. Ever since the Twenties, in fact, when Rudolf Valentino ruled the screen, and D. H. Lawrence visited his first (and last) cinema-ever since then, the Love Film has been a synonym for sentimentality and falsity. Could such a film ever be otherwise? Students and followers of the Art of Film will point to many modern movies that dwell at length upon this theme and assert that it can, definitely. What about L'A vventura, or Jules and .!ini? Well, there is certainly a question here; and the question is a comment on the claim of the film to be an Art Form at all. For, if films can't convince us on the ancient theme of love, well then, where is the art'? Makers of films about love have been experimenting lately in various ways; and the Art of Film being a visual art, and the theme being love,-or should we say sex? the first question that comes to mind is: nudity.

Topic: Cinema and Media Studies
Subfield: Economics and Econometrics
Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance
Domain: Social Sciences
Theology's Role in Public Bioethics

Abstract For at least two decades, the role of theology in public matters has been governed by what might be termed a “liberal consensus”. This consensus, shared by policymakers, theologians, philosophers, and the public, has two parts. First, that law and public policy need to be considered in terms of individual liberties and rights. Second, that the only appropriate “public” language in which to justify, qualify, and reconcile liberties and rights should be neutral, secular, and rational. The thesis of this chapter is that such a framing of the issues is outmoded. To begin with, the “secular” sphere is not neutral, since all participants inevitably come from communities which have identity. Therefore, it is appropriate to use religious narratives and language, or those of any moral tradition (which includes liberalism), as long as they are not propounded dogmatically or in a way that undermines democratic process and participatory politics.

Topic: Religion, Ecology, and Ethics
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Stability of resistive wall modes in reversed field pinches with longitudinal flow and dissipative effects

The stability of the nonresonant external kink modes in a reversed field pinch (RFP) under resistive wall boundary conditions is investigated. The effects of toroidal plasma rotation and parallel viscosity, as well as the finite β are included in the analysis. The influence of the equilibrium parameters on the mode instability is carefully studied by employing the conventional α–Θ0 equilibrium models. It is found that the behavior of the resistive wall mode (RWM) is rather sensitive to the reversal parameter F of RFPs. The effects of plasma rotation together with the viscosity and/or ion sound wave continuous spectrum damping can stabilize the RWM for certain positions of the wall relative to the plasma for both the low β (or zero β) and high β plasmas. For typical RFP operating parameters, the rotation velocity required to stabilize the modes is in the range between the ion sound wave and Alfvén wave velocities. This is larger than the natural rotation velocity in current RFPs, hence based on the above linear theory active feedback is needed for a long pulse RFP. A further nonlinear study is necessary.

Topic: Magnetic confinement fusion research
Subfield: Nuclear and High Energy Physics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Neuroproteomics Chip-Based Mass Spectrometry and Other Techniques for Alzheimer’s Disease Biomarkers – Update

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease of growing interest given that there is cognitive damage and symptom onset acceleration. Therefore, it is important to find AD biomarkers for early diagnosis, disease progression, and discrimination of AD and other diseases. Objective: The objective of this study is to update the relevance of mass spectrometry for the identification of peptides and proteins involved in AD useful as discriminating biomarkers. Methods: Proteomics and peptidomics technologies that show the highest possible specificity and selectivity for AD biomarkers are analyzed, together with the biological fluids used. In addition to positron emission tomography and magnetic resonance imaging, MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry is widely used to identify proteins and peptides involved in AD. The use of protein chips in SELDI technology and electroblotting chips for peptides makes feasible small amounts (μL) of samples for analysis. Results: Suitable biomarkers are related to AD pathology, such as intracellular neurofibrillary tangles; extraneuronal senile plaques; neuronal and axonal degeneration; inflammation and oxidative stress. Recently, peptides were added to the candidate list, which are not amyloid-β or tau fragments, but are related to coagulation, brain plasticity, and complement/neuroinflammation systems involving the neurovascular unit. Conclusion: The progress made in the application of mass spectrometry and recent chip techniques is promising for discriminating between AD, mild cognitive impairment, and matched healthy controls. The application of this technique to blood samples from patients with AD has shown to be less invasive and fast enough to determine the diagnosis, stage of the disease, prognosis, and follow-up of the therapeutic response.

Topic: Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
Subfield: Physiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
The Fossil Antelopes of Palestine in Natufian (Mesolithic) Times, with Descriptions of New Species

A study of the fossil vertebrate fauna of the Wady el-Mughara caves was published in 1937 (Bate, 1937), but at that time it had not been found possible to carry out an intensive examination of the antelope remains, except for the purpose of making the first record of a fossil hartebeest in Palestine. This omission was due partly to lack of sufficient time and partly to the fact that the specimens were generally in a very fragmentary state of preservation. Nevertheless, since remains of gazelles, together with those of Dama mesopotamica , occurred throughout the cave leveis and were more plentiful than those of other species it was found practical to make use of these two types as climatic indicators, while other species were used as a control (Bate, 1937, fig. 1).

Topic: Evolution and Paleontology Studies
Subfield: Paleontology
Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences
Domain: Physical Sciences
On the Role of Dust Particles in Decoupling of Plasma from Magnetic Field in Laboratory and Space

The objective of this paper is to apply the recent achievements in understanding of the non-MHD effects in plasma (acquired both in laboratory experiments, as well as in theory), to the interstellar phenomena. Applied to the space plasma, these effects can significantly change the picture of plasma dynamics. Charged dust particles are always present in the interstellar medium and can easily remain not magnetized, even when the plasma electrons and ions are strongly magnetized. In such a medium, the magnetic field can propagate with the super-Alfven velocity. This breaks the local "frozen-in" law for the magnetic field, which can significantly affect the gravitational collapse phenomena, the space plasma turbulence spectrum, magnetic dynamo and the rate of the Fermi acceleration of cosmic rays.

Topic: Solar and Space Plasma Dynamics
Subfield: Astronomy and Astrophysics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Toxoplasma gondii: inhibition of the intracellular growth by human lactoferrin.

In the present paper we focused on the potential role of human lactoferrin for the intracellular replication rate of T. gondii BK tachyzoites following our earlier observation that Toxoplasma gondii was able to bind human lactoferrin but not serum transferrin. The study was performed in vitro on human CaCo-2 epithelial cells and mouse L929 fibroblasts. We found that the multiplication of the parasite was inhibited by lactoferrin in both cell lines used. However, the direct cytotoxic effect on the parasite and the host cells was not observed. The intracellular growth of T. gondii was not affected when tachyzoites or host cells were only pre-coated with human lactoferrin. The results suggest that lactoferrin does not influence parasites penetration into host cells but could trigger unknown antiparasitic mechanisms in the infected cells.

Topic: Toxoplasma gondii Research Studies
Subfield: Parasitology
Field: Immunology and Microbiology
Domain: Life Sciences
A miniaturized wideband high-gain end-fire antenna for 5G-R communication applications

This paper presents a miniaturized wideband high-gain microstrip end-fire antenna specifically designed for 5G-R communication applications. The antenna structure comprises a microstrip folded dipole resonator and end-fire directing units. By employing Intercalated Coupling Structures (ICS) between the folded dipole resonator and the ground plane, the resonant frequency of the antenna is shifted to lower frequencies, thereby significantly enhancing the operational bandwidth. Furthermore, the inclusion of three end-fire directing units positioned in front of the folded dipole oscillator substantially improves the antenna's end-fire gain. The designed antenna exhibits a relative impedance bandwidth of 46 % (ranging from 1.36 to 2.18 GHz), with a peak gain of 7.33 dBi at the 2100 MHz 5G-R frequency band. The overall dimensions of the antenna are 0.31λL × 0.39λL × 0.008λL, where λL denotes the wavelength at the lowest frequency. The proposed antenna demonstrates a broad operational bandwidth, rendering it suitable for 5G-R mobile communications.

Topic: Antenna Design and Analysis
Subfield: Aerospace Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Study of The Effect of The Electric Current Strength of The Weld on The Tensile Strength of The Welded Gas Cylinder Material Joint Capacity of 3 Kg

Abstract The effect of welding electric current strength on the tensile strength of the 3 kg capacity gas cylinder material welding joint has been studied. The welding carried out in this study is a damping arc welding with variations in electric current of 40A, 60A, 80 A, 100 A, and 120 A. The results show that: The maximum tensile stress is found in the welded specimen with an electric current of 40 A with a tensile strength of 13 kg/mm 2 , 60 A with a tensile strength of 12 kg/mm 2 , 80 A with a tensile strength of 28 kg/mm 2 , 100 A with a tensile strength of 46 kg/mm 2 . The maximum tensile stress is the test object which is welded with 120 A electric current with a tensile strength of 39 kg/mm 2 . With the above results, it can be seen that the highest tensile strength of maximum is the sample that is welded with 100 A electric current. The highest maximum tensile strength reaches 46 kg/mm 2 . The results of observations of micro structures in welded and HAZ matrix areas are Ferrite and Perlite.

Topic: Welding Techniques and Residual Stresses
Subfield: Mechanical Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Imatinib mesylate in soft tissue and bone sarcomas: Interim results of a Sarcoma Alliance for Research thru Collaboration (SARC) phase II trial

9001 Background: The success of imatinib (Gleevec) in gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) is proof that a small oncogene targeted molecule can have significant benefit in a solid tumor. Sarcomas, other than GIST, also overexpress one or more of the tyrosine kinases inhibited by imatinib. We are performing a multi-institutional study to evaluate imatinib activity in nine different sarcoma subtypes and desmoid tumors. Methods: Patients ≥10 years old with a sarcoma subtype not curable by multidisciplinary management were eligible. Imatinib was prescribed at 300 mg BID (BSA≥1.5m2), 200 mg BID (BSA=1.0–1.49m2), or 100 mg BID (BSA<1.0m2). Responses at two and four months were collected. Rules for early termination within each disease type were based on a hierarchical Bayesian probability model accounting for correlation of the responses of the 10 disease types. Tissue specimens were analyzed by immunohistochemistry for c-kit, PDGFRα, PDGFR****223'3f NEEDS TO BE ADDED TO TIMES NEW ROMAN GREEK FONT****, AKT, PTEN, FKHR, and by allelic PCR analysis for PDGFRα exon 18. Results: 181 patients have been enrolled; 161 currently evaluable. Patients received prior chemotherapy and all had progressive disease. Four month progression-free survival (PFS) rates follow: all sarcoma subtypes 18% (27/147), angiosarcoma 10% (1/10), Ewing sarcoma 0% (0/13), fibrosarcoma 29% (2/7), liposarcoma 32% (9/28), leiomyosarcoma (LMS) 20% (6/30), malignant fibrous histiocytoma 1/15 (7%), osteosarcoma 18% (3/17), peripheral nerve sheath tumor 20% (1/5), rhabdomyosarcoma 0% (0/2), synovial sarcoma 20% (4/20). Among patients with LMS, one had a complete remission for 11 months while four others had PFS greater than one year. Conclusions: Further investigation of imatinib in the therapy of liposarcoma, LMS, and fibrosarcoma is warranted. Imatinib is less likely to be active in the other sarcoma subtypes. The postulated mechanism of action is through inhibition of polymorphisms of PDGFR and/or downstream effectors. The hierarchical Bayesian probability model is an effective method for studying rare diseases and their subtypes, when it is reasonable to assume that their response rates are exchangeable. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Novartis

Topic: Gastrointestinal Tumor Research and Treatment
Subfield: Gastroenterology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Report of the Workshop on Sardine Otolith Age Reading

At the ICES Annual Science Conference in Reykjavik (Iceland) from October 26 to November 4, 1996 it was decided (C. Res. 1996/2:39) that a Workshop on Sardine Otolith Age Reading (Chairman: E.Soares) will be held at the Instituto Espanol de Oceanografia (lEO) in Vigo, Spain from 4-8 March 1997 to: <br> a) analyse the otolith structure and define the yearly growth pattern of otolith from different areas; <br> b) report on the main problems resulting from the applied ageing criteria, and on agreement between readers; <br> c) establish a protocol for age determination using diagrams and photographs to illustrate age reading criteria. <br> This Workshop was sponsored by the European Commission (DG-XIV) within the framework of programme FAIR. <br>

Topic: Microbial Natural Products and Biosynthesis
Subfield: Pharmacology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Sepsis as a cause of intrahepatic cholestasis

Introduction. The causes of intrahepatic cholestasis include cholestatic viral hepatitis, primary biliary cirrhosis, benign recurrent cholestasis, primary sclerosing cholangitis and sepsis. During sepsis, proinflammatory cytokines and nitric oxide cause cholestasis by impairing hepatocellular and ductal bile formation. Case Outline. We report a 48-year-old woman who was admitted to hospital due to malaise, jaundice, fever and pain in the neck. Physical examination revealed jaundice, tachycardia (pulse rate was 120/min), hypotension 90/60 mm Hg. Laboratory findings showed normocytic normochromic anaemia, inflammatory syndrome and abnormal liver function tests indicating cholestasis and hepatocellular necrosis. Abdominal ultrasonography detected hepatosplenomegaly. Chest computed tomography showed bronchopneumonic infiltrates. Percutaneous liver biopsy was performed using a Menghini needle of 1.4 mm. Pathohystological analysis of the liver tissue confirmed reactive, intrahepatic cholestasis. Blood cultures isolated Staphylococcus aureus. After the diagnosis was established the treatment with broad-spectrum antibiotics was carried out, resulting in the improvement of general condition of the patient, regression of inflammatory syndrome, disappearance of cholestasis and regression of pulmonary infiltrates. Abdominal ultrasonography after antibiotic treatment did not show hepatosplenomegaly. Conclusion. Concerning patients with cholestasis of uncertain origin, we should always think of sepsis as a possible cause in order to start antibiotic treatment in time.

Topic: Liver Disease and Transplantation
Subfield: Hepatology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Freedom of Information

This entry provides an overview of the definition of, justification for, and evolution of freedom of information laws and systems. In their purest form freedom of information laws serve as potent accountability tools of predominantly political power. The tensions between governing and transparency via information access at times present information access obstacles that severely impede the practical functionality of freedom of information regimes. The principal obstacle is the culture of secrecy that is still prevalent in many governments around the globe.

Topic: Privacy, Security, and Data Protection
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Zea mays L. subsp. mays L. CIMMYTMA 21026

Plant Genetic Resource.<br>Taxonomy: Zea mays L. subsp. mays L.<br>Common name(s): Maize<br>Other names: CHIH 387<br>Conserved by: Centro Internacional de Mejoramiento de Maíz y Trigo (CIMMYT), Mexico<br>Local sample unique identifier: CIMMYTMA 21026<br>Method of creation: Acquisition<br>Date: 1999-05-20<br>Other identifiers: n/a,CHIH,387, n/a,CHIHUA 39, n/a,CIMMYTMA-BANK-017713, n/a,GID 258625, n/a,PERLILLA (MEZ. CON HEMBRA<br>Historical: No<br>Biological status: Traditional cultivar/landrace<br>MLS status: Included

Topic: Salmonella and Campylobacter epidemiology
Subfield: Food Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Stuck in a moment you can’t get out of: When prospective memories complicate strategizing

Based on an abductive reflexive-dialogical-action-research study the significant - but not yet adequately theoretically understood- notion of temporal work and prospective memories regarding strategizing is explored. In the article, it is empirically demonstrated and theoretically argued how retro- and prospective memories work in encouraging and discouraging ways dependent on how plausible, coherent and acceptable linkages between past and future memories are generated. It is illustrated how prospective memories constraint the possible space for strategizing in the present. It is argued that manager can adopt a reflexive stance and develop future memories working in encouraging ways to get unstuck from moments that complicate their strategizing. The article makes plausible contributions to existing literature on strategizing by; Illustrating how temporal work shapes strategizing; Exemplifying how prospective memories can work in discouraging ways; Drawing attention to the significance of reflexivity during research-interviews. Contributions that offer significant implications for management theory and practice regarding strategizing.

Topic: Human Resource and Talent Management
Subfield: Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management
Field: Business, Management and Accounting
Domain: Social Sciences
Conscious and unconscious memory differentially impact attention: Eye movements, visual search, and recognition processes

A hotly debated question is whether memory influences attention through conscious or unconscious processes. To address this controversy, we measured eye movements while participants searched repeated real-world scenes for embedded targets, and we assessed memory for each scene using confidence-based methods to isolate different states of subjective memory awareness. We found that memory-informed eye movements during visual search were predicted both by conscious recollection, which led to a highly precise first eye movement toward the remembered location, and by unconscious memory, which increased search efficiency by gradually directing the eyes toward the target throughout the search trial. In contrast, these eye movement measures were not influenced by familiarity-based memory (i.e., changes in subjective reports of memory strength). The results indicate that conscious recollection and unconscious memory can each play distinct and complementary roles in guiding attention to facilitate efficient extraction of visual information.

Topic: Memory Processes and Influences
Subfield: Cognitive Neuroscience
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences
Assessment of regional cytochrome P450 activities in rat liver slices using resorufin substrates and fluorescence confocal laser cytometry.

Characterizing constitutive activities and inducibility of various cytochrome P450 isozymes is important for elucidating species and individual differences in susceptibility to many toxicants. Although expression of certain P450s has been studied in homogenized tissues, the ability to assess functional enzyme activity without tissue disruption would further our understanding of interactive factors that modulate P450 activities. We used precision-cut, viable rat liver slices and confocal laser cytometry to determine the regional enzyme activities of P450 isozymes in situ. Livers from control and beta-naphthoflavone (beta NF)-treated rats were sectioned with a Krumdieck tissue slicer into 250-microns thick sections. A slice perfusion chamber that mounts on the cytometer stage was developed to allow for successive measurement of region-specific P450-dependent O-dealkylation of 7-ethoxy-, 7-pentoxy-, and 7-benzyloxyresorufin (EROD, PROD, and BROD activity, respectively) in the same liver slice. Images of the accumulated fluorescent resorufin product within the tissue were acquired using a confocal laser cytometer in confocal mode. As expected, slices isolated from beta NF-treated rats showed high levels of centrilobular EROD activity compared to slices from control rats, whereas PROD and BROD activities remained at control levels. These techniques should allow for the accurate quantification of regional and cell-specific P450 enzyme activity and, with subsequent analysis of the same slice, the ability to correlate specific P450 mRNAs or other factors with enzymatic activity. Moreover, these techniques should be amenable to examination of similar phenomena in other tissues such as lung and kidney, where marked heterogeneity in cellular P450 expression patterns is also known to occur.

Topic: Pharmacogenetics and Drug Metabolism
Subfield: Pharmacology
Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics
Domain: Life Sciences