jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Investigation of the Pulsing Characteristic of a Carbon Nanotube Emitter

The carbon nanotube (CNT) field emitter is suitable for the high frequency pulsing of X-ray. Pulsing reduces 49% of the dose in grid-controlled fluoroscopy and improves the image of moving objects. Various structures and manufacturing processes are being studied. However, more studies on the dynamic characteristic of a pulsing CNT and its application are needed. In this study, the combined dynamics including the field emission, MOSFET, and modified gate driver for MOSFET have been analyzed. In this configuration, between the cathode of the tube and ground, there is a MOSFET switch that turns the tube current on/off and a shunt resistor that measures the tube current. Due to the high impedance of the vacuum between the gate and cathode of the tube, about 85% of the gate voltage is still exerted between the Gate and cathode of the tube during the off-state of the MOSFET. Therefore, space charges are built during the off-state and then released at the beginning of the on-state of the MOSFET. The modified gate driver structure for MOSFET that we propose in this paper can limit the amount of current flow through the cathode. Tube current (boosted current) can be accurately controlled through a modified gate driver structure. Combining the boosted current and pulse control of MOSFET, the dynamic current performance of a CNT tube can be enhanced and the average tube current or dose can be accurately controlled. Experiments, simulation, and analysis have been conducted to study the combined dynamics and its applications.

Topic: Carbon Nanotubes in Composites
Subfield: Materials Chemistry
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Radiation-hardened pure silica-core fibre optics

Transmission losses induced by ionising radiation in fibre opties having cores drawn from pure synthetic silica may be reduced by pre-exposure to large hardening doses. Characteristics of the hardened fibres are described and the necessary features of the hardening irradiations identified.

Topic: Photonic Crystal and Fiber Optics
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Enhanced and Extended\nOphthalmic Drug Delivery by\npH-Triggered Drug-Eluting Contact Lenses with Large-Pore Mesoporous\nSilica Nanoparticles

Drug-eluting contact lenses (DCLs) have attracted considerable\nattention as potential therapeutic ophthalmic drug delivery devices.\nIn this study, we propose, fabricate, and investigate pH-triggered\nDCLs that are combined with large-pore mesoporous silica nanoparticles\n(LPMSNs). Compared to reference DCLs, LPMSN-laden DCLs can prolong\nthe residence time of glaucoma drugs in an artificial lacrimal fluid\n(ALF) environment at pH 7.4. Additionally, LPMSN-laden DCLs do not\nrequire drug preloading and are compatible with current contact lens\nmanufacturing processes. LPMSN-laden DCLs soaked at pH 6.5 exhibit\nbetter drug loading than reference DCLs due to their specific adsorption.\nThe sustained and extended release of glaucoma drugs by LPMSN-laden\nDCLs was successfully monitored in ALF, and the drug release mechanism\nwas further explained. We also evaluated the cytotoxicity of LPMSN-laden\nDCLs, and qualitative and quantitative results showed no cytotoxicity.\nOur experimental results demonstrate that LPMSNs are excellent nanocarriers\nthat have the potential to be used as safe and stable nanocarriers\nfor the delivery of glaucoma drugs or other drugs. pH-triggered LPMSN-laden\nDCLs can significantly improve drug loading efficiency and control\nprolonged drug release, indicating that they have great potential\nfor future biomedical applications.

Topic: Ocular Surface and Contact Lens
Subfield: Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Interpersonal Trust Behavior as Related to Subjective Certainty and Outcome Value

Two experiments investigated the relationship between outcome value, subjective certainty, and trust behavior, using a nonzero-sum game and a Communication Questionnaire which investigated factors related to self-disclosure. The results showed strong support for the relationship between subjective certainty and trust behavior and weak support for the relationship between outcome value and trust.

Topic: Psychometric Methodologies and Testing
Subfield: Management Science and Operations Research
Field: Decision Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Walter Kintsch: legacy and legend

In this article we reflect on the enduring and pervasive influence of Walter Kintsch. His theories and empirical research formed the bedrock of decades of national and international research on text and discourse processing, as well as cognitive science more broadly. His orientation was interdisciplinary, drawing on and contributing to the fields of cognitive psychology, cognitive science, text linguistics, computational modeling, and education sciences. He mentored dozens of students and colleagues who collaborated with him on research over his 60-year career. He was always interested in new ideas and not afraid to cast aside old ideas that were misleading or that had outlived their relevance and utility. This article highlights Walter's legacy contributions woven in with personal stories that exemplify some of the qualities that made Walter a legend in the field.

Topic: Reading and Literacy Development
Subfield: Developmental and Educational Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
An electron spin resonance study of radiation-induced electrically active paramagnetic centers at the Si/SiO2 interface

We have compared the generation of radiation-induced Pb (‘‘trivalent silicon’’) centers at the Si/SiO2 interface with the radiation-induced buildup of interface states. We observe a strong correlation between the density of Pb centers and radiation-induced interface state density (Dit) and similar annealing behavior of radiation-induced Pb and Dit. Furthermore, the Pb resonance intensity is strongly bias dependent; this indicates that the charge state of the Pb defect is bias dependent. We conclude that Pb defects account for a very large portion of radiation-induced interface states.

Topic: Semiconductor materials and devices
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
The Effect of the (Rothkopf) Model on Developing Conciliatory Thinking among Fourth-Grade Literary Students in History

After identifying the subjects of the subject to be studied in the course of the experiment by five subjects, and for the purpose of measuring the compromise thinking test for the two sets of subjects studied by the researcher himself, the researcher prepared a compromise thinking test, presented to a group of experts and specialists to verify the truthfulness of the test, to analyze its paragraphs and calculate its persistence, and after analyzing the results of the responses of female sample students and statistically addressing them using appropriate statistical means, he found that the test was all paragraphs of the test.&#x0D; After the completion of the (11) week-long experiment, the Compromise Thinking Test was applied to the requests of the pilot and officer groups, and after statistical analysis and processing of female students' answers using the T test for two linked samples, a statistically significant difference was found between the average grades of female students in the two research groups. The results also showed that the difference is statistically significant and that this difference in compromise thinking is in favor of the experimental group for the test of remote compromise thinking.

Topic: Education and Critical Thinking Development
Subfield: Education
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
[Workers' exposure to selected biological agents in libraries of Upper Silesia].

The aim of this study was to assess the exposure of library workers to biological agents based on quantitative and qualitative characteristics of airborne and settled dust microflora supplemented with the analysis of dust mite allergens. The bioaerosol sampling was carried out using a 6-stage Andersen impactor. The settled dust samples were collected from book covers using cotton swabs and vacuum cleaner. Isolated microbial colonies were identified to the genus and/or species level. Moreover, the concentration of guanine as a predictor of dust mite allergen content was determined with the semi-quantitative Acarex test. The bioaerosol concentrations were low and they did not exceed the proposed Polish reference limits. The presence of air-conditioning or ventilating system resulted in the decreased biological contamination in libraries. The identification ofmicroorganisms in bioaerosol and settled dust samples revealed the presence of strains classified into group 2 according to their risk of infection. The level of dust mite allergens was elevated. Inhalation exposure to molds and dust mite allergens may result in the occurrence of allergic reactions and SBS symptoms.

Topic: Allergic Rhinitis and Sensitization
Subfield: Immunology and Allergy
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Criminal Laws in Australia: Cases and Materials

\n\t\t\t\t\tThis book is the most user-friendly of all the criminal law books currently available in Australia. This is the only book that deals comprehensively with the criminal law in all Australian states and territories. Unlike the other criminal law books available to Australian law lecturers, it is both a casebook and textbook.&lt;br /&gt;\n\t\t\t\t

Topic: Legal principles and applications
Subfield: Law
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
[Gambling addiction: the psychopathological structure of game-circle].

Thirty-two pathological gamblers were examined. The SCL-90-R, the LSI (Life Style Index) and the CSW questionnaires were used to evaluate psychopathological disorders. Based on the data obtained and the analysis of the development of pathological behavior, authors singled out 6 periods of the game-circle: 1) distress that directly followed the game (anxiety-depressive, obsessive-compulsive and paranoia disorders); 2) moderate anxiety-depressive disorders; 3) subdepressive disorders with predominance of asthenia and apathy; 4) anxiety and dysphoria comorbid with subdepression; 5) the narrow state of consciousness (game trans) preceding the relapse; 6) the return to game.

Topic: Gambling Behavior and Treatments
Subfield: Clinical Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
The use of dry fish and dry bread in feeding common carp, Cyprinus carpio L. cultivated in floating cages

A cage culture trial was conducted in floating cages located in Shatt Al-Arab River near Hartha, Northern Basrah for cultivation common carp, Cyprinus carpio. The aim was to investigate the ability of using dry bread (DB) and dry fish (DF) as feed for two stocking densities of this fish. Eight cages were used in this experiment, four of them (two for high density and two for low density) were fed on 25% DF &amp; 75% DB, while the other four cages were fed on 40% DF &amp; 60% DB. Feeding ratio of 5% of live fish weights was used for both rations, separated into early morning and afternoon meals. Average fish weight was measured at the beginning, after 23 days and at the end of experiment after 56 days. Results of current experiment revealed that there were no significant differences (P&gt;0.05) between growth criteria for fishes fed on the two different rations at two different feeding densities, except the DGR values that showed significant differences (P≥0.05) between fishes fed on 25% DF &amp; 75% DB reared at high and low density. Results of growth and food conversion rate are not promising compared with other local feeding practices. Average food conversion rate was around 6 in both feeding trials. From the point of view of economics, it is not recommended to use DF and DB alone in feeding common carp reared in floating cages

Topic: Aquaculture Nutrition and Growth
Subfield: Aquatic Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Rewriting Peter as an Intertextual Character in the Canonical Gospels

Peter is a fascinating character in all four canonical gospels, not only as a literary figure in each of the gospels respectively, but also when looked at from an intertextual perspective. This book examines how Peter is rewritten for each of the gospels, positing that the different portrayals of this crucial figure reflect not only the theological priorities of each gospel author, but also their attitude towards their predecessors. Rewriting Peter as an Intertextual Character in the Canonical Gospels is the first critical study of the canonical gospels which is based on Markan priority, Luke's use of Mark and Matthew, and John's use of all three synoptic gospels. Through a selection of close readings, Damgaard both provides a new critical portrait of Peter and proposes a new theory of source and redaction in the gospels. In the last thirty years there has been an increasing appreciation of the gospels' literary design and of the gospel writers as authors and innovators rather than merely compilers and transmitters. However, literary critics have tended to read each gospel individually as if they were written for isolated communities. This book reconsiders the relationship between the gospels, arguing that the works were composed for a general audience and that the writers were bold and creative interpreters of the tradition they inherited from earlier gospel sources. Damgaard's view that the gospel authors were familiar with the work of their predecessors, and that the divergences between their narratives were deliberate, sheds new light on their intentions and has a tremendous impact on our understanding of the gospels.

Topic: Biblical Studies and Interpretation
Subfield: Religious studies
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Once called Albion

This thesis considers late thirteenth and early fourteenth century insular history writing in the vernaculars in its multilingual, codicological, and historical contexts. It seeks to explicate the changes in insular historiography after the conquest of Wales and amidst the ongoing Scottish wars. The dominant mode of history writing during this period shifted: the texts examined in the thesis are 'derivative texts', complex assemblages of translations from numerous source texts, compiled and combined into unique, original works. Revising current notions of scribal competency, and arguing for a wider consideration of scribal authorship are fundamental aims of the thesis. By demonstrating the diverse and sophisticated textual lexicons of the authors of derivative texts, the thesis exposes vernacular historiographies as learned productions, written for learned audiences, engaged in intertextual dialogue with more 'authoritative' Latin historiography. Medieval translation is explored throughout, in an attempt to broaden an understanding of the term to include textual and ideological transposition, and overwrite 'compilation' as an acceptable description of these sophisticated and politically engaged texts. Chapter 1 examines the Anonymous Short English Metrical Chronicle as a derivative text, situating the work in its historical context of Edward I's appeals to historiography on the Scottish question at the end of the thirteenth century. Chapter 2 is a detailed study of the chronicles of Robert Mannyng and Pierre Langtoft, arguing for the sophistication of the texts, and complexifying previously monolithic ideas of ethnicity and 'Englishness' in the chronicles. Chapter 3 focuses on the Chronicle of Robert of Gloucester, providing a comprehensive introduction to the text, and offering readings of the ideological agenda of its derivative methodology. Chapter 4 investigates London, College of Arms, MS Arundel 58, a mid-fifteenth century manuscript of Robert of Gloucester's Chronicle with unique and substantive prose interpolations, considering the physical processes by which derivative texts were written.

Topic: Medieval Literature and History
Subfield: Classics
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Allosteric Coupling in Full-Length Lyn Kinase Revealed by Molecular Dynamics and Network Analysis

Lyn is a multifunctional Src-family kinase (SFK) that regulates immune signaling and has been implicated in diverse types of cancer. Unlike other SFKs, its full-length structure and regulatory dynamics remain poorly characterized. In this study, we present the first long-timescale molecular dynamics analysis of full-length Lyn, including the SH3, SH2, and SH1 domains, across wildtype, ligand-bound, and cancer-associated mutant states. Using principal component analysis, dynamic cross-correlation matrices, and network-based methods, we show that ATP binding stabilizes the kinase core and promotes interdomain coordination, while the ATP-competitive inhibitor dasatinib and specific mutations (e.g., E290K, I364N) induce conformational decoupling and weaken long-range communication. We identify integration modules and develop an interface-weighted scoring scheme to rank dynamically central residues. This analysis reveals 44 allosteric hubs spanning SH3, SH2, SH1, and interdomain regions. Finally, a random forest classifier trained on 16 MD-derived features highlights key interdomain descriptors, distinguishing functional states with an AUC of 0.98. Our results offer a dynamic and network-level framework for understanding Lyn regulation and identify potential regulatory hotspots for structure-based drug design. More broadly, our approach demonstrates the value of integrating full-length MD simulations with network and machine learning techniques to probe allosteric control in multidomain kinases.

Topic: Advanced Electron Microscopy Techniques and Applications
Subfield: Structural Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Structure preserving discretization of time-reparametrized Hamiltonian systems with application to nonholonomic mechanics

&lt;p style='text-indent:20px;'&gt;We propose a discretization of vector fields that are Hamiltonian up to multiplication by a positive function on the phase space that may be interpreted as a time reparametrization. We construct a family of maps, labeled by an arbitrary &lt;inline-formula&gt;&lt;tex-math id="M1"&gt;\begin{document}$ \ell \in \mathbb{N} $\end{document}&lt;/tex-math&gt;&lt;/inline-formula&gt; indicating the desired order of accuracy, and prove that our method is structure preserving in the sense that the discrete flow is interpolated to order &lt;inline-formula&gt;&lt;tex-math id="M2"&gt;\begin{document}$ \ell $\end{document}&lt;/tex-math&gt;&lt;/inline-formula&gt; by the flow of a continuous system possessing the same structure as the vector field that is being discretized. In particular, our discretization preserves a smooth measure on the phase space to the arbitrary order &lt;inline-formula&gt;&lt;tex-math id="M3"&gt;\begin{document}$ \ell $\end{document}&lt;/tex-math&gt;&lt;/inline-formula&gt;. We present applications to a remarkable class of nonholonomic mechanical systems that allow Hamiltonization. To our best knowledge, these results provide the first instance of a measure preserving discretization (to arbitrary order) of measure preserving nonholonomic systems.&lt;/p&gt;

Topic: Numerical methods for differential equations
Subfield: Numerical Analysis
Field: Mathematics
Domain: Physical Sciences
FEC-free dense WDM transmission with Kerr soliton microcombs in crystalline MgF2 microresonators

We demonstrated forward-error-correction (FEC)-free dense wavelength division multiplexing communication utilizing a Kerr soliton frequency comb generated from a high-Q crystalline microresonator with a 20-GHz free spectral range.

Topic: Advanced Fiber Laser Technologies
Subfield: Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Revisiting the Role of Membrane ATPases (P-Type) in Metal-Ligand Homeostasis of Epidermal Cells

Petukhov VI* Author Affiliations Baltic International Academy, Riga, Latvia Received: July 22, 2019 | Published: July 26, 2019 Corresponding author: Petukhov VI, Baltic International Academy, Riga, Latvi DOI: 10.26717/BJSTR.2019.20.003397

Topic: Pregnancy and Medication Impact
Subfield: Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Changes in the Enzymatic Synthesis of Melatonin in the Pineal During the Estrous Cycle

Journal Article Changes in the Enzymatic Synthesis of Melatonin in the Pineal During the Estrous Cycle Get access RICHARD J. WURTMAN, RICHARD J. WURTMAN 1Laboratory of Clinical Science, National Institute of Mental Health, and Department of Pathologic Anatomy, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health Bethesda, Maryland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar JULIUS AXELROD, JULIUS AXELROD 1Laboratory of Clinical Science, National Institute of Mental Health, and Department of Pathologic Anatomy, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health Bethesda, Maryland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar SOLOMON H. SNYDER, SOLOMON H. SNYDER 1Laboratory of Clinical Science, National Institute of Mental Health, and Department of Pathologic Anatomy, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health Bethesda, Maryland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar ELIZABETH W. CHU ELIZABETH W. CHU 1Laboratory of Clinical Science, National Institute of Mental Health, and Department of Pathologic Anatomy, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health Bethesda, Maryland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Endocrinology, Volume 76, Issue 4, 1 April 1965, Pages 798–800, https://doi.org/10.1210/endo-76-4-798 Published: 01 April 1965 Article history Received: 20 November 1964 Published: 01 April 1965

Topic: Circadian rhythm and melatonin
Subfield: Endocrine and Autonomic Systems
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences