jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Ulcerative colitis and Nephrotic syndrome: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study

<title>Abstract</title> Objectives This study employed Mendelian randomization to investigate the potential causal relationship between ulcerative colitis and nephrotic syndrome Methods We obtained the whole-genome association study data of ulcerative colitis in the European population from the GWAS database. Relevant single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were selected for analysis. We employed the inverse variance-weighted meta-analysis of multiplicative random effects models to obtain SNP-specific Wald ratio estimates, which assume horizontal pleiotropy. In addition, we performed sensitivity analyses using MR-Egger, weighted median, and IVW. Results Our findings suggest a strong association between ulcerative colitis and nephrotic syndrome(P &lt; 0.05). After conducting sensitivity analyses, we found no evidence of horizontal pleiotropy or heterogeneity(P &gt; 0.05). Conclusion Our Mendelian randomization study provides evidence for an association between ulcerative colitis and nephrotic syndrome, which may help us better understand the conditions of ulcerative colitis and nephropathy, as well as their relationship.

Topic: Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Subfield: Genetics
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
LHD nbpwr_tot_temporal #69507.1 (analyzed)

Sum of NBI port-through powers tangentially injected beam (NBI#1, NBI#2, NBI#3) and perpendicularly injected beam (NBI#4, NBI#5).

Topic: Proteoglycans and glycosaminoglycans research
Subfield: Cell Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Effects of foreign direct investment on employment in Latin America and the Caribbean

The discussion over the relationship between employment and foreign direct investment (FDI) forms part of the debate on how FDI affects the region’s economic development. Employment is a dimension that derives from output, and therefore its dynamics and characteristics are subject to production trends and technological developments in the economy, and to the institutional frameworks in which these trends and developments take shape.

Topic: Employment, Labor, and Gender Studies
Subfield: Safety Research
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Cytotoxic Effects of Paracetamol in Vitro: The Effects of an S9 Fraction

The cytotoxic effects of short-term and long-term exposure of HeLa cells to paracetamol (acetaminophen) were assayed by total protein content reduction (microprotein assay) and by [ 14 C]-L-leucine incorporation into macromolecular acid-insoluble cell fraction. The level of total protein content was followed over 72 hours and the level of [ 14 C]-L-leucine incorporation over 24 hours, after paracetamol treatment. Statistical evaluation did not show a significant difference between results obtained by these two methods. In addition, the influence of S9 fraction on [ 14 C]-L-leucine incorporation and the growth activity of paracetamol-treated HeLa cells were assayed. In these experiments, short-term paracetamol treatments (2 hours in phosphate buffered saline), were used. Statistical analysis of the data did not show an increase in paracetamol-induced cytotoxicity in the presence of the S9 fraction; on the contrary, a protective effect of S9 fraction on paracetamol-treated cells was found.

Topic: Drug-Induced Hepatotoxicity and Protection
Subfield: Pharmacology
Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics
Domain: Life Sciences
Differential Effects of Likelihood Alarm Technology and False-Alarm vs. Miss Prone Automation on Decision Making

Past research concerning decision support tools has primarily focused on either false-alarm prone (FP) or miss-prone (MP) automation. Some studies have explored performance disparities of binary versus likelihood alarm technology (BAT vs. LAT) but only in FP automation. The goal of this study was to explore differential effects of alarm technology and FP vs. MP automation on human decision-making accuracy. One-hundred university students performed a low-fidelity uninhabited aerial vehicle flight simulation, composed of two primary flight tasks and an automation-aided secondary weapon-deployment task. As expected, participants' decision-making accuracy was highest when using LAT, specifically with FP prone automation. These findings provide support for incorporating LAT into FP prone automation to enhance human decision-making accuracy.

Topic: Human-Automation Interaction and Safety
Subfield: Social Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
TiO2 Based Nanocrystalline Thin Film Gas Sensors Prepared by Ion-assisted Electron beam Evaporation

In this work, we develop TiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> based nanocrystalline thin films prepared by ion-assisted e-beam evaporation process. N-type and p-type TiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> gas-sensing layers have been deposited by doping with various metal oxide materials including WO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> , MoO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> , and NiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">x</sub> . Structural and morphological characterization by means of AFM, SEM, and XRD reveal the thin film is nanocrystalline structure with fine grain of 10-30 nm. NiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">x</sub> doping with sufficiently high concentration has proven to produce p-type semiconducting thin film while WO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> and MoO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> doping results in typical n-type metal oxide semiconductor. The gas-sensing sensitivity, selectivity, and minimum detectable concentration can be effectively controlled by different dopants and doping concentrations. WO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> doped TiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> thin film showed high sensitivity towards NO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> acetone and ethylene at lower working temperature. In addition, TiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> -MO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> material demonstrated good sensitivity towards CO. While p-type NiOx doped TiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> structure show high sensitivity toward ethanol and acetone with distinct behaviors compared to other n-type TiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> thin films.

Topic: Gas Sensing Nanomaterials and Sensors
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Covalent Modifications as Targets and Means for Research in Intrinsically Disordered Proteins

A reported 33% of eukaryotic proteins are predicted to contain intrinsically disordered regions (IDRs) over 30 residues in length. IDRs are regions of protein which natively exist in an unfolded conformation. Due to their highly dynamic nature, many common methods of inquiry such as crystallography and NMR can be thwarted. As a result, valuable analysis such as probing function, dynamics and binding interfaces are unable to be performed. To minimize these problems, researchers typically study shorter IDRs. We probed fragments of plant protein villin 4 (VLN4) for covalent modifications to explore its regulation and degradation. Disordered regions of proteins have greater solvent accessibility compared to their folded counterparts. This results in various post translational modifications, a common method of protein regulation. The protein VLN4 is vital to the development of roots and understanding its regulation could greatly benefit agriculture. Thus, VLN4 was examined for degradation, ubiquitination, and phosphorylation.\nComplimentarily, overcoming challenges of IDR research can be done by targeting the IDR with covalent modification via sortase-mediated ligation (SML). In NMR, large IDRs create substantial spectral overlap in the 1H dimension for backbone amide protons. By introducing isotopically labeled residues with SML, this overlap can be greatly reduced and allow for characterization of longer IDRs. Through the use of authentic IDRs with extreme pentapeptide residue properties on N- and C- terminal flanking regions of LPXTG motifs, ligation efficiencies were characterized, followed by identification and optimization of problematic sortase ligation sequences.

Topic: Biochemical and Structural Characterization
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Detached Note B. The Parable of the Wedding Feast (Mt. xxii. 1–14)

It has been pointed out already that this passage is composite, verses 1–10 forming one parable, and 11–14 the conclusion of another whose beginning has been lost. In the present note I wish to draw attention to some peculiarities of the former passage.

Topic: Biblical Studies and Interpretation
Subfield: Religious studies
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Groundwater management in China

After introducing groundwater development and other issues, the paper analyzes China's groundwater management system and its problems, and provides suggestions for improving the system. Increasing water demand since the 1970s has resulted in severe groundwater overdraft, water level decline and water quality degradation in China, but the current management system is not able to provide an effective and efficient solution. The legislation is separate and local, the management institutions are locally designed and the key management instruments are not integrated. This is because China lacks distinct groundwater management systems, comprehensive legislation, a quality management system and capacity, as well as coordinated institutions, and clear relationships and effective links among systems. To improve groundwater management, the concept of aquifer management and an integrated groundwater management system must be developed. The existing systems need to be restructured to clarify relationships and functions. The groundwater abstraction permit system needs to be reformed to a group permit. A quality management system is required and capacity building must be strengthened.

Topic: Hydropower, Displacement, Environmental Impact
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
The Political Economy of the Public Finances Situation: An Empirical Investigation with French Data, 1970-2006

Le présent document n&amp;apos;est pas la version préliminaire mais l&amp;apos;amorce d&amp;apos;un article. Il n&amp;apos;a pour but que de susciter questions, commentaires et suggestions sur le sujet abordé.

Topic: Hermeneutics and Narrative Identity
Subfield: Philosophy
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
The Queer Time of the Lesbian Premodern

Walter Benjamin’s “Theses on the Philosophy of History” move through the lexicons of recent critical and queer theory, spectrally accompanying rethinkings of time, event, and the past, present, and future.2 States of emergency demand it, as do life inside times of war and states of exception that have become (or were they always?) historical norm.3 At such times critics and theorists look to others who have spoken during states of emergency and tried to teach us. These are the ghosts Jacques Derrida writes about as the paternal and quasi-paternal figures who rise up to warn and admonish and enjoin us, like the ghost of Hamlet’s father or like Abraham’s God, to attend to the way “the time is out of joint” and to assume, as Hamlet calls it, the “cursèd” ethical and political burden of setting it right, to sacrifice ourselves in a “vanishing present” and in the name of a future to come, without knowledge of what setting it right entails for a future we cannot know.4

Topic: Walter Benjamin Studies Compilation
Subfield: Philosophy
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Characterization of murine cDNAs encoding P-57, a neural-specific calmodulin-binding protein.

Polyclonal antibodies raised against bovine brain P-57, a neural-specific calmodulin-binding protein, were used to isolate murine cDNAs encoding P-57 from murine brain cDNA libraries in the expression vector lambda gt 11. Two of the overlapping clones contained an open reading frame encoding a polypeptide of 227 amino acid residues (predicted Mr, 23,635), a 163-nucleotide 5'-untranslated sequence, and a 403-nucleotide 3'-untranslated sequence. Hydrophobicity analysis of the predicted polypeptide indicated the lack of any considerable stretch of hydrophobic residues that may span the membrane. This is consistent with prior data suggesting that P-57 exists in a soluble, as well as a membrane-associated, form. The predicted amino acid composition of P-57 is rather unusual in that it is highly enriched in alanine, glutamic acid, and lysine residues, and relatively enriched with proline residues. This amino acid composition accounts for the very low helical content of the predicted polypeptide. A search of the GenBank and EMBL sequence data banks (GenBank Inc., release 44.0 (August, 1986); European Molecular Biology Library, release 8.0 (April, 1986] indicated that the P-57 nucleotide sequence shows no significant homology to any reported sequences. RNA blot analysis of brain, heart, liver, and testes RNA revealed that cDNAs detect P-57 transcripts of 1.5 kilobases in brain, but not in other tissues. Genome blot analysis was consistent with P-57 being encoded by a single or small number of genes. These data demonstrate that the accumulation of this novel calmodulin-binding polypeptide in neural tissue is controlled primarily at the level of RNA abundance.

Topic: Protein Structure and Dynamics
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Figure S7 from Bortezomib Stabilizes and Activates p53 in Proliferative Compartments of Both Normal and Tumor Tissues &lt;i&gt;In Vivo&lt;/i&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Upregulation of p53 target genes in response to bortezomib in HCT116 p53+/+ xenograft tumors.&lt;/p&gt;

Topic: Cancer, Hypoxia, and Metabolism
Subfield: Cancer Research
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Drink Bleach or Do What Now? COVID-HeRA: A Study of Risk-Informed Health Decision Making in the Presence of COVID-19 Misinformation

Given the widespread dissemination of inaccurate medical advice related to the 2019 coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19), such as fake remedies, treatments and prevention suggestions, misinformation detection has emerged as an open problem of high importance and interest for the research community. Several works study health misinformation detection, yet little attention has been given to the perceived severity of misinformation posts. In this work, we frame health misinformation as a risk assessment task. More specifically, we study the severity of each misinformation story and how readers perceive this severity, i.e., how harmful a message believed by the audience can be and what type of signals can be used to recognize potentially malicious fake news and detect refuted claims. To address our research questions, we introduce a new benchmark dataset, accompanied with detailed data analysis. We evaluate several traditional and state-of-the-art models, and show there is a significant gap in performance when applying traditional misinformation classification models to this task. We conclude with open challenges and future directions.

Topic: Misinformation and Its Impacts
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Assisted Reproductive Technology and Origins of Disease: The Clinical Realities and Implications

Abstract The majority of offspring born following assisted reproductive technology (ART) achieve equivalent development milestones and demonstrate comparable health as spontaneously conceived children. Yet, multiple studies have suggested offspring conceived with ART have slightly increased risk of metabolic derangements, cardiovascular disease, and malignancy. However, the associations observed in these studies often inadequately control for a variety of confounding variables, such as multiple gestation, premature birth, and low birth weight. Furthermore, many studies fail to account for the increased risk of many of these pathologies in the offspring of subfertile women in general. Lastly, the absolute risk of most of the ailments studied is extremely low. In nearly all examples, the number of women who would need to be treated to observe one additional diagnosis is substantially high. When compared with the number of couples who would have remained childless due to severe male factor infertility or would have been exposed to the risk of passing on a severe monogenic disorder, the general increased risks to ART-exposed children is very small.

Topic: Assisted Reproductive Technology and Twin Pregnancy
Subfield: Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
George Herbert (1593–1633)

Unlike Donne, Herbert has one theme only and it runs through all his writings: Christianity and Christian experience. Inevitably much of his vocabulary is taken from religious sources, principally the Bible, but also the Liturgy and other medieval and Renaissance works and devotional writings, not excluding religious lyrics and the illuminated Books of Hours. Two well-known and popular books were the Biblia Pauperum and the Speculum humanae salvationis, both of which were illustrated.1 Herbert uses these not so much for vocabulary as for the inter-relating of images and symbols, and thus enriches the significance of many biblical allusions. References to the Bible and biblical stories of the Old and New Testaments are common. Often Herbert simply uses the names of biblical characters, clearly expecting his readers to be familiar with the context and significance of the names. An example is in the first stanza of 'Decay': Sweet were the dayes, when thou didst lodge with Lot, Struggle with Jacob, sit with Gideon, Advise with Abraham, when thy power could not Encounter Moses strong complaints and mone: Thy words were then, Let me alone. (11.1–5)

Topic: Reformation and Early Modern Christianity
Subfield: History
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Randomized non-inferiority clinical trial evaluating three commercial dry cow mastitis preparations

University of Minnesota M.S. thesis. December 2012. Major: Veterinary Medicine. Advisor: Sandra M. Godden. 1 computer file (PDF); viii, 147 pages.

Topic: Milk Quality and Mastitis in Dairy Cows
Subfield: Agronomy and Crop Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Adaptation as a Water Resource Policy Challenge —Institutions and Science

Adaptation is the pursuit of active, deliberate measures to enhance humankind's capacity to manage water supply and attenuate demand in the face of climate uncertainty. This article contends that worsening constraints upon freshwater due to climate variability demand concerted, imaginative, science-based solutions. These solutions must join creative management to co-production of climate knowledge. Through a series of case studies, we analyze the need for adaptation approaches to prevail over climate variability, and the role of these factors to facilitate their implementation. We also examine how translation of climate knowledge is helping spur adaptation at various spatial levels. These experiences point to the challenges in adaptation, and the adversity various regions will be faced if we do not.

Topic: Water-Energy-Food Nexus Studies
Subfield: Water Science and Technology
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Sexual dysfunction in men aged 40–60 years old in infertile couples

This study aimed to determine sexual dysfunction (SD) and erectile disorder (ED) prevalence and analyze risk factors in older men of infertile couples. The study was a cross-sectional descriptive study conducted on male partners in infertile couples who were aged between 40–60 years. The study took place at the Hue Center for Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Hue University Hospital, Viet Nam from January 2022 to August 2023. All participants were examinated and were privately asked to answer the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF)-15 questionaires vietnamese-language version to diagnose sexual dysfunction and erectile disorder. The study sample consisted of 81 qualified men. The prevalence of SD was 51.9% (N = 42), of which the rate of ED accounted for 46.9% (N = 38). Among the 42 cases of SD, 37 were mild cases (45.8%), 1 was moderate (1.2%) and 4 were severe (4.9%). In all five sexual domains, it was found that the severity of SD was associated with lower scores (p < 0.001). Cardiovascular disease (CVD) was associated with severity of SD (p = 0.044). The decrease in scores of sexual desire and satisfaction could significantly affect sperm vitality and DNA fragmentation index. Age, number of living children and economic income were statistically correlated to SD domains (p < 0.05). Sexual dysfunction is a comprehensive disorder that affects each of the four phases of the sexual response cycle in older infertile men. It is a common disorder that could affect semen quality, leading to total sexual dysfunction and erectile disorder. Factors such as age, term births history, number of living children, geography and economic income are demography-sociology risk factors. Additionally, CVD with vascular endothelial damage mechanism has a statistically significant relationship with the severity of sexual dysfunction.

Topic: Sexual function and dysfunction studies
Subfield: Psychiatry and Mental health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences