jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Effects of Quercetin on Reversion of Temozolomide Resistance in U87/TR Cell Line

Objective To generate drug resistant U87/TR cell line induced by timozolomide(TMZ),and to study the effect of quercetin on reversing temozolomide resistance in glioma cells.Methods Drug resistance of U87 glioma cells was induced with escalating concentrations of TMZ to produce U87/TR cell line.The drug resistance factor(RF) was determined by cell colony method.The cytotoxicity of TMZ to U87/TR cell line and IC50 value to U87/TMZ were evaluated by MTT method.U87/TMZ and U87 cells were treated with quercetin;the cytotoxicity and the inhibition rate were evaluated by MTT and LDH assay among the groups.Results U87/TR cell line of drug resistance was successfully induced by TMZ with stepwise revulsion method.The colony-forming efficency of U87/TR was about 1.5-8.0 times that of U251 cells in cell cloning experiment.The drug resistance factor was about 4.18 in U87/TR cell line assayed by MTT method.The cell survival rate was less than 50% in U87/TMZ group that was pretreated by quercetin combinated with TMZ at the concentration of 50 μmol·L-1.Conclusion The drug-resistant U87/TR cell line was established.Combination of quercetin with TMZ could reverse durg resistance of U87/TR cells.It suggests that quercetin combined with TMZ maybe enhances chemotherapeutical effect on glioma.

Topic: Medicinal Plant Pharmacodynamics Research
Subfield: Pharmacology
Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics
Domain: Life Sciences
Improving Productivity in Manufacturing ‘S’ Cam Shafts Using Implementation of Lean Manufacturing System

Article Improving Productivity in Manufacturing ‘S’ Cam Shafts Using Implementation of Lean Manufacturing System was published on December 1, 2008 in the journal Journal for Manufacturing Science and Production (volume 9, issue 3-4).

Topic: Quality and Supply Management
Subfield: Management Information Systems
Field: Business, Management and Accounting
Domain: Social Sciences
Challenges Faced by Teachers in Teaching Literacy and Numeracy for Slow Learners

The current study explored pedagogical strategies carried out by teachers to support special need children in improving their level of literacy and numeracy. The current study utilized qualitative research design where classroom observations were carried out to explore teaching activities used by teachers in teaching language and mathematics. It was then followed by a focus group discussion to identify problems faced by children in numeracy and literacy. This research was carried out in one of the elementary schools in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Data collected was analyzed manually by focusing on the main aspects. Results demonstrated that 27 activities were frequently used by teachers in teaching language and mathematics. Those activities are the common teaching practice for slow learners. In order to evaluate the effectiveness of those practices, a focus group discussion with a group of students was carried out. Results revealed that most students have problems in literacy (spelling, reading complex words, and write long words) and numeracy (counting, subtraction, multiplication and divide). As the common teaching practice was found to have minimal effect on children’s literacy and numeracy, the current study suggests rethinking of a new pedagogical approach for improving literacy and numeracy for slow learners.

Topic: Educational Methods and Media Use
Subfield: Information Systems
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Faculty Opinions recommendation of Distinct mechanisms for spiro-carbon formation reveal biosynthetic pathway crosstalk.

Spirotryprostatins, an indole alkaloid class of nonribosomal peptides isolated from Aspergillus fumigatus, are known for their antimitotic activity in tumor cells. Because spirotryprostatins and many other chemically complex spiro-carbon-bearing natural products exhibit useful biological activities, identifying and understanding the mechanism of spiro-carbon biosynthesis is of great interest. Here we report a detailed study of spiro-ring formation in spirotryprostatins from tryprostatins derived from the fumitremorgin biosynthetic pathway, using reactants and products prepared with engineered yeast and fungal strains. Unexpectedly, FqzB, an FAD-dependent monooxygenase from the unrelated fumiquinazoline biosynthetic pathway, catalyzed spiro-carbon formation in spirotryprostatin A via an epoxidation route. Furthermore, FtmG, a cytochrome P450 from the fumitremorgin biosynthetic pathway, was determined to catalyze the spiro-ring formation in spirotryprostatin B. Our results highlight the versatile role of oxygenating enzymes in the biosynthesis of structurally complex natural products and indicate that cross-talk of different biosynthetic pathways allows product diversification in natural product biosynthesis. PMID: 24121553

Topic: Plant and fungal interactions
Subfield: Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Minimum Clearance Time on the Prioritized Integrated Evacuation Network

The evacuation planning problem can be viewed as different variants of dynamic flow maximization and time minimization problems. An optimal solution to the latter problem sends a given amount of flow from disaster zones to safe zones in minimum time. We solve this problem on an embedded integrated network of a prioritized primary and a bus-routed secondary sub-networks. For a lexicographically maximum (lex-max) dynamic flow problem, we are given a time horizon and a prioritized network, where we need a feasible dynamic flow that lexicographically maximizes the flow amount leaving each terminal respecting the priority. Here, we use the quickest transshipment partial arc reversal strategy to collect the evacuees in minimum time from the disaster zones to the pickup locations of the primary sub-network. By treating such pickup locations as sources, the available set of transit-buses is assigned in the secondary sub-network to shift the evacuees finally to the sinks on the first-come-first-serve basis. This novel approach proposed here is better suited for the simultaneous flow of evacuees with minimum waiting delay at such pickup locations in the integrated evacuation network topology. The lane reversal strategy significantly reduces the evacuation time, whereas reversing them only partially has an additional benefit that the unused road capacities can be used for supplying emergency logistics and allocating facilities as well.

Topic: Evacuation and Crowd Dynamics
Subfield: Ocean Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Effectiveness of Consumption of a Combination of Citrus Fruit Flavonoids and Olive Leaf Polyphenols to Reduce Oxidation of Low-Density Lipoprotein in Treatment-Naïve Cardiovascular Risk Subjects: A Randomized Double-Blind Controlled Study

The aim of the study was to assess whether oral intake of a nutraceutical product (Citrolive™) could determine changes in low-density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidation and other parameters of lipid metabolism and plasma atherogenic capacity. Citrolive™ is a commercial extract obtained from the combination of citrus fruit flavonoids and olive leaf extracts. Twenty-three untreated subjects (69.6% males, 30.4% females, mean age 41.9 ± 9.4 years) with cardiovascular risk factors and a total cholesterol level &gt;200 mg/dL and LDL cholesterol (LDL-C) &gt; 130 mg/dL participated in a 3-month randomized double-blind controlled study. Participants in the intervention group (71.4% males, 28.6% females, mean age 42.7 ± 9.7 years) consumed Citrolive™ (500 mg, two capsules/day), and controls (66.7% males, 33.3% females, mean age 40.6 ± 9.4 years) received a matched placebo. At 3 months, oxidized LDL (ox-LDL) decreased significantly in the intervention group from 93.8 ± 19.1 U/L to 62.8 ± 28.7 U/L (p &lt; 0.05), whereas the control group increased from 98.2 ± 23.5 U/L to 105.7 ± 21.9 U/L (p = 0.1). Between-group differences were also significant (p &lt; 0.05). Similar findings in the ox-LDL/LDL-C ratio were observed. Serum paraoxonase activity (PON1) increased significantly in the intervention group from 64.5 ± 15.6 U/L to 78.7 ± 28.8 U/L (p &lt; 0.05) but remained unchanged in controls. Consumption of Citrolive™ for 3 months in treatment-naïve subjects with moderate risk of atherosclerosis was associated with a reduction in oxidized LDL-C and LDL-oxidase/LDL-C ratio as compared to controls.

Topic: Paraoxonase enzyme and polymorphisms
Subfield: Clinical Biochemistry
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Field Spectroscopy Measurements over Asprokremmos Dam in Cyprus Intended for Water Quality Monitoring

High concentrations of suspended particulate matter in reservoir waters directly affect the water treatment plants by occurring damages to the filters during the pretreatment. The objective of this project is to define the support that can be derived from the use of remote sensing techniques in order to determine the spatial variations of Total Suspended Solids (TSS) in Asprokremmos Dam in Paphos District in Cyprus. Such techniques have been successfully applied to the retrieval of TSS concentration and other water quality parameters in various geographical locations and environmental settings. This paper describes the results obtained by an existing running campaign in which in-situ spectroradiometric measurements and water sampling measurements of turbidity have been acquired at the study area. A GER-1500 field sperctro-radiometer equipped with a fibre optic probe is used to retrieve the spectral signatures of the Asprokremmos Dam and a portable turbidity meter is used for the determination of turbidity values. Ground-truth data based on the spectro-radiometric measurements were simulated to comply with the Landsat TM/ETM+ visible and infrared bands, so that identification of the ‘best-suited’ spectral region in which turbidity can be retrieved, was performed.

Topic: Water Quality and Pollution Assessment
Subfield: Water Science and Technology
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Influence of a pilot carbon trading policy on enterprises’ low-carbon innovation in China

China’s pilot carbon trading policy is expected to be both efficient and flexible in reducing carbon emissions through incentivising low-carbon innovation. This paper analyses the effects of this pilot policy on low-carbon innovation using a difference-in-difference model, based on a sample of selected enterprises and carrying out a series of robustness tests to corroborate the results. The analysis shows that the pilot carbon trading policy is predicted to have a significantly positive effect on the low-carbon innovation of enterprises that fall under its scope, notably by alleviating obstacles to the financing of low-carbon innovation. Furthermore, a heterogeneity analysis of enterprises’ characteristics and carbon allowance allocation methods in different pilots indicates that the effect of the pilot carbon trading policy on enterprises’ low-carbon innovation will be reflected mainly in enterprises in China’s eastern provinces, and in state-owned enterprises. Compared with the grandfathering and historical intensity allocation methods, the findings of this study suggest that the extent of low-carbon innovation is significantly greater when the benchmarking method is used. The results of this paper offer some key insights into improving the policy design of a nationwide carbon trading market in China, as well as a reference point for other countries and regions, especially developing countries, in establishing a carbon trading market.Key policy insights China’s pilot carbon trading policy can promote low-carbon innovation.Easing the financing constraints of enterprises can promote low-carbon innovation.Compared with the grandfathering and historical intensity allocation methods, using the benchmarking method significantly improves the enterprises’ low-carbon innovation.

Topic: Climate Change Policy and Economics
Subfield: Economics and Econometrics
Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance
Domain: Social Sciences
END-OF-LIFE COMMUNICATION IN THE ICU: A GLOBAL PERSPECTIVE

END-OF-LIFE COMMUNICATION IN THE ICU: A GLOBAL PERSPECTIVE Author: David W. Crippen, MD Bibliographic Data: Springer, 2008. ISBN: 978-0-387-72965-7, 180 pages, hard cover, $79.95. Reviewer's Expert Opinion Description: This is a multiauthored collection of perspectives on medical futility, its communication, and its management in the critical care setting. Purpose: Communication issues which affect formulation of treatment plans for patients at the end-of-life in intensive care units are discussed. Audience: Senior staff, fellows, and residents at all levels are an appropriate audience for this work which originates from a multinational set of authors with an interest in end-of-life care. Features: The book begins with a brief presentation of Western European, United States, Asian, and Latin American perspectives on the issues. Fundamentals of communication and biology of multiorgan failure are briefly discussed followed by a series of chapters focused on communication with patients and their surrogate decision makers. Discussion topics include autonomy, communication of futility, emotions associated with end-of-life, medical liability, and the role of ethics committees. While the majority of perspectives come from physicians, comments from a bedside nurse, chaplain, and pharmacist reviewing pharmacotherapy are also included. Chapters are brief and frequently include clinical anecdotes to facilitate discussion. Some presentations make extensive use of primary literature with citations dating to within two years of publication while others do not include references. Web sites and popular media are sometimes included to document public perspectives. A concluding index of 10 pages provides adequate access to topics. Assessment: This book shares insights on the need for a focused discussion of communication with surrogate decision makers in the ICU. Although the discussion of the biology of death seems out of place, communication perspectives are well thought out and presented. Reviewer: David J. Dries, MD (University of Minnesota Medical School)

Topic: Palliative Care and End-of-Life Issues
Subfield: Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Table S1 from Intertumoral Heterogeneity of CD3&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; and CD8&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; T-Cell Densities in the Microenvironment of DNA Mismatch-Repair–Deficient Colon Cancers: Implications for Prognosis

&lt;p&gt;Table S1. Inter-tumor heterogeneity of T-cell densities in tumor microenvironment in dMMR vs pMMR stage III colon cancers&lt;/p&gt;

Topic: Cancer Immunotherapy and Biomarkers
Subfield: Oncology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Impact of rainstorm weather on urban road capacity

The rainstorm weather seriously affects the operation of urban traffic, and the surface gathered water and its obstruction to vision lead to a decrease of road capacity. Based on the weather data and coil detector data in Shenzhen, this study compared the urban traffic flow characteristics under rainstorm, light rain, moderate rain and normal weather conditions, and their flow-density relationships were analyzed based on the Green-shields model. Moreover, the road capacity reduction coefficients for urban arterial and sub arterial roads were quantitative calculated respectively. The results can provide theoretical support for the emergency management of urban traffic operation under rainstorm weather.

Topic: Traffic Prediction and Management Techniques
Subfield: Building and Construction
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Persicaria minor (Huds.) Opiz Exhibits Antihypertensive Effects by Inhibiting the Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme/Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Pathway in Human Endothelial Cells

Overactivation of the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)/angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) pathway leads to vasoconstriction and elevated blood pressure. Persicaria minor (Huds.) Opiz is an herbal plant known for its antioxidant, anti-hyperlipidemic, and anti-atherosclerotic properties, with bioactive compounds that exhibit antihypertensive effects. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the antihypertensive effects of the standardized aqueous extract of P. minor leaf (AEPM) through the ACE/AT1R pathway in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) induced with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA). HUVECs were stimulated with PMA to induce ACE, with or without AEPM or captopril treatment, for 24 h. Subsequently, ACE mRNA expression, ACE protein levels, ACE activity, angiotensin II levels, and AT1R expression were measured. The results demonstrated that AEPM treatment significantly reduced ACE mRNA expression, ACE protein levels, ACE activity, angiotensin II levels, and AT1R expression in PMA-induced HUVECs. The modulatory effects of AEPM on the ACE/AT1R pathway were comparable to those of captopril. Ex vivo experiments further confirmed that AEPM reduced the contraction responses of rat aortic rings to PMA. In conclusion, P. minor effectively inhibits the ACE/AT1R pathway in PMA-induced HUVECs, suggesting its potential as a natural antihypertensive agent.

Topic: Pharmacological Effects of Natural Compounds
Subfield: Pharmacology
Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics
Domain: Life Sciences
Territorial Dimension in the Naga Peace Process

Peace process in Nagaland draws one’s attention to the impending havoc if the Nagas’ declaration of ‘integration’ of all Naga inhabited areas, that has definite territorial dimension, is not dealt with great maturity of mind. Naga political conflict which was commenced since the late 1940s is un-fathomable without understanding the Nagas’ aspiration for integration. Such aspiration of the Nagas, however, has the potential to set-off fresh round of conflict in the Northeast region of India involving the issue of redrawing the boundary of Assam, Arunachal Pradesh and Manipur. In the light of this, the following paper will make an effort to examine the territorial difficulties involved in the Nagas’ aspiration. It will also try to analyse the authenticity of the Nagas’ claim for integration as their ‘birthright’.

Topic: South Asian Studies and Conflicts
Subfield: Political Science and International Relations
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Shostakovich and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

Dmitri Shostakovich (1906-1975) is one of the Twentieth Century's greatest composers. Beginning in the late 1950s, he experienced gradual progressive asymmetric weakness of the limbs, and was eventually diagnosed with motor neuron disease, which is the subject of this review.

Topic: Neurogenetic and Muscular Disorders Research
Subfield: Genetics
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
An electronic-textile wearable communication board for individuals with autism engaged in horse therapy

Horse therapy is becoming an increasingly popular physical therapy activity for individuals with social, communication, or cognitive impairments as a means to help enhance social and interpersonal skills [1]. However, horse therapy and other very physically engaging therapies pose a challenge for those who rely on a communication board to communicate as the highly unstable nature of such activities impedes device operation. In such an instance, users are typically forced to abandon their communication board [2], rendering them unable to convey vital pieces of information throughout the duration of the physical therapy activity. This poster presents the Electronic-Textile (E-Textile) Wearable Communication Board - a device that was developed specifically to fill this void and support the communication needs of individuals with autism during horse therapy.

Topic: Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
Subfield: Cognitive Neuroscience
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences
SOLVING THE HAMILTONIAN CYCLE PROBLEM USING SYMBOLIC DETERMINANTS

In this note we show how the Hamiltonian Cycle problem can be reduced to solving a system of polynomial equations related to the adjacency matrix of a graph. This system of equations can be solved using the method of Gröbner bases, but we also show how a symbolic determinant related to the adjacency matrix can be used to directly decide whether a graph has a Hamiltonian cycle.

Topic: Polynomial and algebraic computation
Subfield: Computational Theory and Mathematics
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Selective Degradation of Lignosulfonate and Lignin with Periodate to 5‐Iodovanillin

Abstract This work represents a new method that uses electrochemically generated periodate to oxidize side‐stream lignins. Using periodate, a lignin‐derived product other than vanillin becomes accessible. The development of an eco‐friendly method for generating 5‐iodovanillin from lignin is reported and is of significant interest for the wood‐based industry. Wider utilization of lignin can substitute fossil‐based chemicals and fuels, reduce the emission of greenhouse gases, and facilitate the dependence on fossil energy. The reaction conditions are easy to conduct, the lignin is modified, and no specific setup is required. This one‐pot cost‐efficient method does not use toxic or harmful metals and yields more than 15 wt% 5‐iodovanillin. 5‐Iodovanillin represents an advanced building block for the synthesis of complex molecules, such as active pharmaceutical ingredients.

Topic: Lignin and Wood Chemistry
Subfield: Biomedical Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Laser Ablation‐based Techniques – Data Fusion

This chapter provides an overview of data fusion of laser ablation-based spectroscopic data. Data fusion is a method that combines data sets from different sources (techniques or sensors) to produce a single data set for building analytical models. The case for using data fusion stems from the idea that one particular method or sensor might not be able to thoroughly characterize a sample. In contrast, combined data from multiple techniques or sensors can offer a more complete representation of the sample composition. This approach involving various analytical techniques and instrument capabilities allows for a more comprehensive sample composition representation.

Topic: Laser-induced spectroscopy and plasma
Subfield: Mechanics of Materials
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Bioresorbable Bioactive Bone Chips: A New 3D Scaffold for Tissue Engineering in Reconstructive Maxillo-Facial Surgery

Scaffolds for bone tissue engineering (t.e) should ensure both mechanical stability and adequate strength. Moreover, their intimate structure should have an interconnected porous network for cell migration and proliferation, while also providing specific signals for bone regeneration. In this framework of know requirements, our approach was focused in finding a composite solution, bearing cues from both mineral components and polymeric ones. Indeed, here we present the first results of a new composite 3D scaffold thought for bone t.e., particularly for maxillo-facial surgery, using a novel concept based on biomaterial

Topic: Bone Tissue Engineering Materials
Subfield: Biomedical Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences