jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Khorasan Razavi’s Wheat Landraces (Triticum aestivum) Under Drought Stress and Identification of Effective Traits on Grain Yield

Bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L) is one of the most important crops that is grown in most parts of the world in different climatic conditions. But biotic and abiotic stresses reduce the yield of this crop. Among abiotic stresses, drought stress is one of the most important factors in reducing yield in most cultivated areas of this crop. Resistant cultivar is one of the basic strategies to overcome the problems caused by drought stress. This experiment was carried out in order to identify and determine the most tolerant of native bread wheat genotypes of Khorasan Razavi province of Iran country in drought stress, in the research farm of the Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding of the Campus of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran in 1400-1399. In this experiment, 105 native populations with 4 controls in two environments: normal and drought stress were studied using augmented design. The traits evaluated included phenological, morphological, yield and yield components. The results showed that drought stress reduced most traits, including yield (21.87%), biological yield (24.39%), and thousand-seed weigh (8.64%). Phenotypic correlation, regression and path analysis, showed that grain filling period, biological yield, harvest index, thousand grain weight, number of grain per spike, grain weight per spike increased grain yield under drought stress. Stem weight had a negative relationship with grain yield. Cluster analysis was performed according to the ward method. The genotypes were divided into 8 groups in the normal environment and seven groups in the stress environment. The first and third groups of stress environment were introduced as tolerant and more tolerant groups respectively.

Topic: Agricultural Science and Fertilization
Subfield: Soil Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
The Qur’anic View on Peaceful Interaction between Followers of Divinely Revealed Religions

The Qur’anic view on peaceful coexis tence and encouraging dialog with non-Muslims (in particular ‘the people of the Book’) is a topic of significance in international law, peace, and peaceful coexis tence between followers of different religions and is indicative of the role that may be played by major religions, particularly Islam. There exis t more than fifty Muslim countries with various economic, political, and social ties with each other and also with non-Muslim countries. It is of great significance to demons trate ‘genuineness of the idea of peaceful coexis tence in Islam’ as it practically paves the path to cooperation of Muslim countries with others based on common principles and peaceful relations.

Topic: Islamic Studies and History
Subfield: Political Science and International Relations
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Preoperative Biliary Drainage in Patients with Distal Obstruction Due to Pancreatic Head Cancer

A total of 77% of pancreatic head cancers manifest with obstructive jaundice. Hyperbilirubinemia impairs immunity and nutrition and is responsible for systemic toxicity. Several studies have attempted to investigate the impact of biliary drainage prior to duodenopancreatectomy (preoperative biliary drainage [PBD]) on jaundice resolution, morbidity, mortality and infectious complications, conferring high controversy. One large randomized controlled trial concluded that PBD should not be recommended in patients with distal obstructive jaundice owing to high infection rates. However, this work has been extensively criticized due to the exclusion of severely jaundiced patients, lack of information regarding antimicrobial agents used and employment of plastic instead of metal stents. However, proponents of PBD favor its application in selected cases. This work aims to review the literature on PBD for jaundice due to pancreatic head malignancy, to outline the controversy pertaining to this modality and to identify the indications of PBD in selected patients with malignant distal obstruction.

Topic: Pancreatic and Hepatic Oncology Research
Subfield: Oncology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Security, control and the problems of containment

Prisons which fail to keep prisoners inside the walls are a contradiction in terms and manifestly fail to protect the public. Likewise, prisons which are out of control may present threats to the lives of staff, although riots often pose a greater threat to prisoners either at the hand of other prisoners (as at Santa Fe), or by the authorities in the process of regaining control (as at Attica or Carandiru). Thankfully, events such as those at Carandiru in São Paulo, where 111 prisoners were shot by the military police in 1992 in the aftermath of a riot, are not likely to happen in the UK.1 It is not that difficult to run prisons that are virtually escape proof, though it is very expensive. It is not that difficult to run prisons which minimize opportunities for riot and mayhem, though they also tend to reduce opportunities for everything else to a minimum, and they may infringe human rights. It is very difficult indeed to run prisons which are more or less escape proof, orderly and safe, which provide programmes aimed at changing offending behaviour and offering prospects of rehabilitation, and which respect the human rights of staff and prisoners. Such are the problems of containment I have in mind in the title of this chapter. It is a question of reconciling conflicting aims, of holding things in balance.

Topic: Crime, Illicit Activities, and Governance
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
DIFFERENTIAL EXPRESSION OF VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH FACTOR IN OUTLET OBSTRUCTION VERSUS ESTROGEN-MEDIATED BLADDER HYPERTROPHY

You have accessJournal of Urology1 Apr 2008DIFFERENTIAL EXPRESSION OF VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH FACTOR IN OUTLET OBSTRUCTION VERSUS ESTROGEN-MEDIATED BLADDER HYPERTROPHY Adam R Walker, Matthew J Tanner, Catherine Schuler, Barry A Kogan, Robert M Levin, and Ralph Buttyan Adam R WalkerAdam R Walker More articles by this author , Matthew J TannerMatthew J Tanner More articles by this author , Catherine SchulerCatherine Schuler More articles by this author , Barry A KoganBarry A Kogan More articles by this author , Robert M LevinRobert M Levin More articles by this author , and Ralph ButtyanRalph Buttyan More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(08)60366-3AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "DIFFERENTIAL EXPRESSION OF VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH FACTOR IN OUTLET OBSTRUCTION VERSUS ESTROGEN-MEDIATED BLADDER HYPERTROPHY." The Journal of Urology, 179(4S), p. 127 © 2008 by American Urological AssociationFiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 179Issue 4SApril 2008Page: 127 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2008 by American Urological AssociationMetricsAuthor Information Adam R Walker More articles by this author Matthew J Tanner More articles by this author Catherine Schuler More articles by this author Barry A Kogan More articles by this author Robert M Levin More articles by this author Ralph Buttyan More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...

Topic: Urological Disorders and Treatments
Subfield: Urology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Ca&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;Si Crystal Grown Selectively by the Low Temperature Annealing

The two groups of Ca films were directly and respectively deposited on Si(100) substrates by Radio Frequency (R.F.) magnetron sputtering system (MS) and subsequent were annealed at 600°C for 5h, 6h, 8h, 10h and 12h in a vacuum furnace. The structural and morphological features of the resultant films are tested by XRD, EDAX and FT-IR. The cubic phase Ca2Si film is grown selectively from Ca-Si system of the existence of multiple silicide phases by an interdiffusion reaction of solid phase between the deposited particles and clusters and substrate constituents. And, the structure of the deposited films, annealing temperature and annealing time are the principal factor for the selective growth.

Topic: Semiconductor materials and interfaces
Subfield: Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Post-partum hemorrhage and malpractice claims: What can we learn from the findings of placental examination and endometrial curettage? A retrospective analysis of surgical pathology reports

Objective This study reviews the surgical pathology reports of post-partum hemorrhages to support clinicians in malpractice litigation and, potentially, to enhance pregnancy-related diagnoses. Study design This work is a retrospective study of surgical pathology reports of term pregnancies between January 2000 and January 2012 selected from the Surgical Pathology database of the I.R.C.C.S Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria San Martino-IST (Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genoa). Results Ninety-five revision reports were identified (0.22% “placenta accrete,” 0.46% “non-accreta placental tissue retention,” and 0.31% “no placental fragments retention”). Secondary post-partum hemorrhages occurred in 0.3%, and primary PPH occurred in 0.05%, regardless of the group examined. Both types of PPH were most often associated with vaginal deliveries (58%). The most frequent endometrial finding was post-partum endometritis (43%). The entire placenta was submitted to the pathologist in 22/95 cases (23%). Hypermaturity and/or villous immaturity were the main histological patterns. Conclusions This review supports the hypothesis that the pathological placenta abnormalities observed, rather than underlying myometrium abnormalities, may underlie the contractile failure and the incomplete removal of the placenta. For these reasons, the authors emphasized the importance of investigating the placenta in cases of complicated deliveries not associated with PPH to support clinicians in malpractice claims.

Topic: Maternal and fetal healthcare
Subfield: Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
A Passive Connection Mechanism for On-orbit Assembly of Large-Scale Antenna Structure

This paper presents a connection mechanism for operating arms to assemble antenna structure as two mating parts that attached to two antenna modules respectively. The geometry of the mechanism is described and optimized to include pose error according to kinematic model of the docking process. A simple approach is proposed that enables the mechanism to be pushed together with a tiny force. And unexpected disconnection is prevented by self-locking during normal operation of the antenna. With simulation, we demonstrate the high misalignment tolerance of this mechanism and the reliability of the connection.

Topic: Modular Robots and Swarm Intelligence
Subfield: Mechanical Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
LHD nb1pwr_PortThrough #149135.1 (analyzed)

Neutral beam injector (NBI) power-PortThrough of beam line 1 (BL1). The effective power that actually reaches the plasma after the negative ion-based neutral particle beam emitted from the NBI system passes through BL1.

Topic: Autophagy in Disease and Therapy
Subfield: Epidemiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
[Esophageal reconstruction--using gastric tube instead of whole stomach].

Stomach is the first choice for esophageal reconstruction following esophagectomy. In the earlier days, however, whole stomach pulling-up was the major surgery, which had some shortcomings. Recently, gastric tube has gained wide acceptance for esophageal reconstruction. This paper summarized the anatomical and physiological advantage of stomach, the disadvantage of whole stomach, and benefits of gastric tube for esophageal reconstruction.

Topic: Esophageal and GI Pathology
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Mosquito breeding in rice fields and its role in malaria transmission in Mandla district, M.P.

A study of the breeding of mosquitoes in the rice field agro-ecosystem was carried out in Mandla district during 1987 and 1988. Results revealed that mosquito breeding commences in July and ends in October. Mosquito breeding in rice fields is inversely proportional to the distance from village. A. culicifacies breeds in rice fields up to a plant height of 20 cm and then gradually declines and becomes scarce, and is taken over by A. theobaldi and A. splendidus. A. fluviatilis breeds in irrigation channels almost throughout the rice growing season. There were a large number of other mosquito breeding sites which increased enormously with the onset of rains. The precise role of rice fields in maintaining high malaria transmission could not be established but the rice field agro-ecosystem contributed significant vector populations.

Topic: Dengue and Mosquito Control Research
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Low-Dose CT in Pelvic Imaging: Comparing Dose and Image Quality in Relation to Clinical Value in a Phantom Study

<b>OBJECTIVE.</b> The aim of this phantom study was to determine whether low-dose CT of the pelvis can be performed using a dose similar to that used in a standard radio-graphic examination and to ascertain whether CT, with its better delineation of complex structures, has greater clinical value than radiography and therefore will result in improved patient care. Special consideration was given to CT performed using the tin filtration technique. <b>MATERIALS AND METHODS.</b> For dose comparison, an anthropomorphic phantom with 20 thermoluminescent dosimeters, two different CT scanners, and three conventional radiography devices were used. Seven CT protocols (including tin filtration) and four different radiographic examinations were performed. Dose calculations, objective and subjective evaluations of image quality, and figure-of-merit calculations were compared among the techniques. Furthermore, the images obtained were evaluated in a clinical context. Intraclass correlation was determined for the subjective results. <b>RESULTS.</b> The dose values of the tested low-dose CT protocols, in particular those using the tin filtration technique, corresponded to or were only slightly higher than the dose values of conventional pelvic radiographic images obtained in three views. Low-dose CT examinations were rated sufficient for consolidation control and had an informative value that was significantly higher than that of conventional radiography. Tin filtering showed the best results for low-dose CT in terms of combining dose and clinically relevant image quality. <b>CONCLUSION.</b> In this phantom study, low-dose CT was superior to radiography for visualizing and evaluating the dorsal pelvic ring, with only marginally higher radiation exposure occurring when the latest-generation CT systems were used. Tin filtration can improve image quality, create further dose reductions, or provide both benefits.

Topic: Radiation Dose and Imaging
Subfield: Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Polybenzoxazine foams: Modeling mechanical properties

Flame-retardant polybenzoxazine foams containing 1% phosphorus were prepared from diphenolic acid-based benzoxazine and 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-(1-hydroxy-1-methylethyl)phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide. Statistical predictive models were developed to determine the influence of the foaming time ( t f ) and foaming temperature ( T f ) on the density, compressive modulus, and compressive strength of the foams. Results showed that the density of the foams exhibited great dependence on t f , whereas both compressive properties were more dependent on T f and t f . Additionally, the flammability of the foams was also characterized by the limiting oxygen index. The presence of 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-(1-hydroxy-1-methylethyl)phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide greatly improved the flame retardancy of the resulting foams.

Topic: Epoxy Resin Curing Processes
Subfield: Mechanical Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
The Study of Business Model on Fintech Internet Only Bank

Fintech is widely spread worldwide by the convergence of IT Technology and Finance Industry. This convergence generates various financial business model which is differentiated from existed financial transaction model. In this paper I tried to seek competitive and profitable Fintech Internet Only Bank By expert interview investigation and business model canvas draw-up next major Fintech Internet Only Bank will be mobile instrument-Smart Phone, PDA, TAB, etc. Mobile payment systems can be divided into online payment of smart phone and offline payment with mobile terminal. The main stream of next Fintech Internet Only Bank will continuously reduce resistances during payment process.

Topic: Technology Adoption and User Behaviour
Subfield: Information Systems and Management
Field: Decision Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Endosulfan isomers and metabolite residue degradation in carnation (dianthus caryophyllus) byproduct under different environmental conditions

Abstract Degradation of endosulfan residues was investigated in carnation plants cultivated in a greenhouse and in carnation plant byproducts used for animal feeds. The byproducts were stored under three different environmental conditions: non washed and exposed to open air (group A), washed and exposed to open air (group B), and non washed and placed in an enclosed container (group C). Byproduct stored in an enclosed container had longer half lives for both total endosulfan and its isomers than did other groups. Higher rates of degradation were measured in the greenhouse cultivated plants. Endosulfan II half lives were greater than those for endosulfan I in all groups studied. Compared to the stored byproduct groups, only greenhouse carnation plants had endosulfan residue levels below the maximum residue levels established for vegetables in the U.S.A. and the European Union during the 49 day trial. Key words: Degradationendosulfancarnationbyproductpesticide

Topic: Pesticide Residue Analysis and Safety
Subfield: Food Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
The study on the hydrogenation of WO_3 electrochromic material

The fabrication of all solid state electrochromic device(EC)is very complex,but hydrogenation or lithiation of EC materials is also a key to preparing the same. This paper mainly discusses a WO 3 hydrogenation method, process and experiment results and so on.

Topic: Transition Metal Oxide Nanomaterials
Subfield: Polymers and Plastics
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Reduction techniques in fractures of the distal tibial articular surface

Complex articular fractures below the knee are not blessed with a generous envelope of soft tissue as are similar injuries more cephalad. This means that the surgeon must accomplish fracture reduction efficiently without unnecessary manipulation of bone fragments. Methods of obtaining proper alignment of fracture fragments involving the distal tibial articular surface without direct manipulation are termed “indirect reduction techniques” and are reviewed by case analysis. Such methods, properly utilized, can reduce soft-tissue complications and healing delay.

Topic: Bone fractures and treatments
Subfield: Epidemiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Desert Storm: Lessons Learned on Climatic Design

During Desert Shield/Storm, extreme weather conditions encountered in the desert environment caused equipment problems that raised questions regarding climatic design requirements. The common theme for these questions centered on whether or not the environments in MIL-STD-210C, 'Climatic Information to Determine Design and Test Requirements for Military Systems and Equipment', were extreme enough. This is in sharp contrast to past criticism that MIL-STD-210C provided climatic values that were too extreme. This article addresses both of these issues in the context of what we have learned from Desert Storm.

Topic: Hermeneutics and Narrative Identity
Subfield: Philosophy
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
The influence of songwriting on quality of life of family caregivers of people with dementia: An exploratory study

Introduction: Living with a person with dementia (PWD) causes physical and psychological problems in family caregivers (FCGs), as well as a reduction in their Quality of Life (QOL). The purpose of this study was to examine the possible effectiveness of the therapeutic songwriting method for improving the QOL and well-being of FCGs of PWD.Methods: The sample of caregivers (n = 21) was divided into three homogeneous groups that received 12 intervention sessions. A non-randomized, quasi-experimental design with repeated measures (pre-post intervention) was employed to determine a possible therapeutic effect. The State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36v2), Beck Depression Inventory, and Rosenberg Self- Esteem Scale were administered before and after the intervention.Results: The results showed a decrease in anxiety and depression scores and an increase in scores of self-esteem after the intervention. Regarding QOL, post-intervention scores in the Mental Component Summary and Mental Health were significantly higher. In contrast, a small effect size was observed for difference between pre-test and post-test on the subscales of QOL: General Health, Social functioning, Role Emotional and Bodily Pain.Discussion: This exploratory study concludes that therapeutic songwriting can help to reduce caregivers' symptoms of depression and anxiety and improve their perceived self-esteem and QOL. This work reinforces the progress made to date and provides new results that highlight the benefits of music therapy for FCGs of PWD.

Topic: Music Therapy and Health
Subfield: Social Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Conditional recurrence plots for the investigation of sawteeth pacing with RF modulation

Abstract In many areas of research, from neurobiology to nuclear fusion, which investigate complex dynamical systems involving numerous, different and interconnected physical quantities, the application of advanced analysis tools based on Chaos theory and Information theory has provided significant improvements both by supporting theoretical models and by highlighting hidden relationships between quantities characterizing the observed phenomena. The present article is therefore devoted to the analysis of synchronization experiments in magnetically controlled plasmas at JET, involving a ‘target’ quantity (sawteeth) and a ‘driver’ (modulated injected radio frequency) one. The typical approach to such analysis would start from assuming that the coupling between driver and target is free from external influences. However, since sawteeth can occur naturally and constitute a confounding factor in the analysis, by relaxing such an assumption a more realistic description of the system can emerge. The use of the conditional joint recurrence plots, complemented by the conditional transfer entropy, has provided further evidences supporting the effective influence of the pacing on the fast ions populations of both the minority and of the main plasma species in H-mode plasmas. The results highlight specific physical factors affecting the efficiency of the pacing and are in agreement with modelling estimates. The analysis performed then paves the way for future studies on more recent DT pulses performed at JET, and on data from other synchronization experiments.

Topic: Chaos control and synchronization
Subfield: Statistical and Nonlinear Physics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences