jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
HEREDITARY INFLAMMATORY VASCULITIS WITH PERSISTENT NODLES A GENETICALLY-DETERMINED NEW ENTITY PROBABLY RELATED TO LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS

Journal Article HEREDITARY INFLAMMATORY VASCULITIS WITH PERSISTENT NODLES A GENETICALLY‐DETERMINED NEW ENTITY PROBABLY RELATED TO LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS Get access WILLIAM B. REED, WILLIAM B. REED University of California, U.S.A., and Institute of Dermatology, St John's Hospital, London Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar ROBERT F. BERGERON, ROBERT F. BERGERON University of California, U.S.A., and Institute of Dermatology, St John's Hospital, London Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar DENNY TUFFANELLI, DENNY TUFFANELLI University of California, U.S.A., and Institute of Dermatology, St John's Hospital, London Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar EDWARD WILSON JONES EDWARD WILSON JONES University of California, U.S.A., and Institute of Dermatology, St John's Hospital, London Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 87, Issue 4, 1 October 1972, Pages 299–307, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1972.tb07414.x Published: 01 October 1972 Article history Accepted: 28 February 1972 Published: 01 October 1972

Topic: Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Research
Subfield: Rheumatology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Bankruptcy as Implicit Health Insurance

This paper examines the implicit health insurance that households receive from the ability to declare bankruptcy. Exploiting multiple sources of variation in asset exemption law, I show that uninsured households with a greater financial cost of bankruptcy make higher out-of-pocket medical payments, conditional on the amount of care received. In turn, I find that households with greater wealth at risk are more likely to hold health insurance. The implicit insurance from bankruptcy distorts the insurance coverage decision. Using a microsimulation model, I calculate that the optimal Pigovian penalties are three-quarters as large as the average penalties under the Affordable Care Act. (JEL D14, H51, I13, K35)

Topic: Healthcare Policy and Management
Subfield: Economics and Econometrics
Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance
Domain: Social Sciences
In-Silico Primer Designing and PCR for Detection of Foot and Mouth Disease Virus (FMDV)

Abstract This study focuses on Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD), a contagious viral illness affecting cloven-hoofed animals. Caused by the Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV), it is known for rapid replication and various transmission modes. Clinical symptoms vary among animals, including vesicular lesions and lameness in cattle. Global outbreaks continue to pose challenges. Amid the pandemic crisis, quick and sensitive diagnostic tests are essential. Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) and Real-time PCR (qPCR) are precise methods for viral detection. The study aims to design FMDV-specific primers using bioinformatics tools, targeting conserved genome regions. The study successfully designs primers, demonstrating specificity against FMDV. These primers hold promise for commercial PCR-based kits, offering rapid, sensitive, and specific FMDV detection in various samples. Further validation on infected cattle is required. In conclusion, this study presents potential primer sets for FMDV detection, contributing to accurate and efficient diagnosis in disease control efforts.

Topic: Animal Disease Management and Epidemiology
Subfield: Agronomy and Crop Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
2978 Hypothyroidism Is Associated With Lower Mortality in Hospitalized Patients With Cirrhosis

INTRODUCTION: The liver is involved in the synthesis of thyroid binding proteins, the peripheral conversion of T4 to T3, and thyroid hormone conjugation and excretion. Consequently, liver dysfunction is associated with a decrease in thyroid hormone levels. Previous studies have supported thyroid hormone levels to have a predictive role for survival in critically ill patients. Here, we seek to evaluate if hypothyroidism influences survival in hospitalized patients with cirrhosis. METHODS: The National Inpatient Sample (NIS) is an inpatient database comprising approximately 20% of all inpatient admissions to hospitals in the United States. From the database, we collected data from hospitalized patients with cirrhosis listed as primary or secondary diagnosis and divided them into two subgroups: those with a diagnosis of hypothyroidism and those without. We reviewed and compared the two groups for mean hospital length of stay in days, Charlson comorbidity index as well as rates in mortality. IBM Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: A total of 338, 990 cases of patients from the 2012-2014 NIS database had cirrhosis as primary or secondary diagnosis. 35,135 of these patients (10.36%) had hypothyroidism. The mean length of hospital stay in patients with cirrhosis and hypothyroidism was 5.1 days and 4.9 days for those without hypothyroidism. Charlson comorbidity index was significantly higher ( P &lt; 0.05) in cirrhotic patients with hypothyroidism. In the patients with cirrhosis, the mortality was 4%. In the subgroup with hypothyroidism, the mortality was 3.2% while the other subgroup without hypothyroidism was 4.1%. After adjusted for age, sex, race, and the Charlson comorbidity index, the group of patients with hypothyroidism had lower mortality (OR: 0.74, 95% CI (0.7-0.8). CONCLUSION: Our results show that cirrhotic patients with hypothyroidism had a higher comorbidity but a lower rate of mortality in the hospital than those without hypothyroidism. A review of the literature showed no consensus of suppressed total thyroid hormone level and its association with mortality. Some studies demonstrate that lower fT3 levels are directly associated with severity of liver disease and that lower fT3 was associated with higher mortality risk in the ICU setting. Further studies should be done to explore this association.

Topic: Thyroid Disorders and Treatments
Subfield: Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
School leaders’ self-efficacy and job satisfaction over nine annual waves: A substantive-methodological synergy juxtaposing competing models of directional ordering

Highlights 1.The school principal’s job is becoming increasingly demanding and complex, but their well-being is under-studied.2.Job satisfaction and self-efficacy are key constructs for school principal’s well-being.3.Research assumes self-efficacy leads to job satisfaction but is untested.4.School-leader job satisfaction and self-efficacy are reciprocally related over time.5.Methodologically we critique and juxtapose competing statistical models of reciprocal effects.6.Our study is a substantive-methodological synergy of strong data, methodology, theory &amp;amp; implications. The school principal’s job is increasingly demanding and complex, but school-principal well-being is understudied. Self-efficacy and job satisfaction are critical constructs for studying school principals’ well-being, and self-efficacy is a core predictor of job satisfaction. Cross-sectional research typically assumes a unidirectional ordering; self-efficacy predicts (and leads to) job satisfaction, not the reverse. However, this unidirectional ordering is inconsistent with theoretical models positing a bidirectional (reciprocal) ordering. Furthermore, the assumption is largely untested with appropriate longitudinal data and statistical models. We evaluated the directional ordering of job satisfaction and self-efficacy for a large (N = 5663), nationally representative, longitudinal (nine annual waves) sample of Australian school leaders. Job satisfaction and self-efficacy were moderately correlated within waves and over time. Consistently with theoretical models and a priori predictions, the two constructs were reciprocally related over time; prior measures of each had small statistically positive effects on subsequent measures of the other, with no evidence of directional predominance of one over the other. Support for reciprocal effects was remarkably consistent across competing cross-lag-panel models, multiple tests of the consistency of effects over time (measurement invariance and stationarity), control for covariates, and the addition of lag-2 paths. Methodologically, we critique competing models that estimate cross-lagged effects and evaluate directional ordering from within and between-person perspectives. We demonstrate the value of both approaches in achieving a robust framework for assessing longitudinal panel models.. Our substantive-methodological synergy has important substantive implications for theory, policy, and practice—showing that school-leader job satisfaction and selfefficacy are mutually reinforcing.

Topic: Psychological Well-being and Life Satisfaction
Subfield: Social Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Age-appropriate preparations for children with cancer undergoing radiotherapy: A feasibility study

The aim of this study was to test age-appropriate information and preparation procedures for children with cancer undergoing radiotherapy (RT) for feasibility and effectiveness in terms of the need for general anesthesia (GA) and anxiety. In a quasi-experimental controlled clinical trial, 17 children aged 3–18 years receiving age-appropriate preparation were compared with 16 children in a control group. Feasibility in terms of recruitment, compliance, and acceptability was assessed. Effectiveness was assessed by the number of children who underwent treatment without GA and their respective fractions and validated instruments measured the children’s anxiety and emotional behavior. The preparation parts were delivered as intended without any additional personnel and without dropouts in the intervention group (IG) and therefore found feasible and acceptable. No statistic significances were found concerning the number of children receiving GA or anxiety. However, three children planned for GA in the IG completed their treatments, including 73 fractions awake. Children receiving GA, regardless of group, showed significantly higher negative emotional behavior. Giving children individualized preparation may decrease the need for GA during RT, which gives benefits in terms of fewer risks and restrictions in life for the child and lower costs for health care.

Topic: Pediatric Pain Management Techniques
Subfield: Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Patch Clamp Electrophysiology and Capillary Electrophoresis−Mass Spectrometry Metabolomics for Single Cell Characterization

ABSTRACT: The visual selection of specific cells within an ex vivo brain slice, combined with whole-cell patch clamp recording and capillary electrophoresis (CE)−mass spectrometry (MS)-based metabolomics, yields high chemical information on the selected cells. By providing access to a cell’s intracellular environment, the whole-cell patch clamp technique allows one to record the cell’s physiological activity. A patch clamp pipet is used to withdraw ∼3 pL of cytoplasm for metabolomic analysis using CE−MS. Sampling the cytoplasm, rather than an intact isolated neuron, ensures that the sample arises from the cell of interest and that structures such as presynaptic terminals from surrounding, nontargeted neurons are not sampled. We sampled the rat thalamus, a well-defined system containing gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-ergic and glutamatergic neurons. The approach was validated by recording and sampling from glutamatergic thalamocortical neurons, which receive major synaptic input from GABAergic thalamic reticular nucleus neurons,

Topic: Hospitality and Tourism Education
Subfield: Tourism, Leisure and Hospitality Management
Field: Business, Management and Accounting
Domain: Social Sciences
Mechanical Properties of Incoloy 908 — An Update

Incoloy 908 is a nickel-iron base superalloy with its coefficient of thermal expansion and mechanical properties optimized for use in Nb3Sn superconducting magnets. Thermoelastic, tensile, fatigue crack growth, fracture toughness,and Charpy impact properties, and the results of conduit pressurization tests are summarized for base and weld metal.A limited number of stress rupture tests were also performed in air. The average yield strength (0.2% offset) for the solution annealed and aged base metal is 1200 MPa at 4.2 K. The fracture toughness,KIC, is greater than 230 MPa√m at 4.2 K. The fatigue behavior at 4.2K is comparable to austenitic stainless steels. Fatigue crack growth rates are a factor of three lower at 4.2 K than 298 K and are independent of heat treatment. At 4.2 K, the 20% cold-work-then-aged material has a 20% higher yield strength and a 10% higher ultimate tensile strength. Gas tungsten arc weld (GTAW) metal with or without Incoloy 908 filler metal exhibited comparable yield and about 10% lower tensile strength when compared with that of the base metal after a 200 hour age at 650°C. Fracture toughness, tensile elongation and Charpy absorbed energy were about 40% of those of the base metal. Leak-before-break behavior was observed in an internal pressurization test at room temperature for a geometry identical to that of the US-Demonstration Poloidal Coil conduit. The stress rupture performance is better than other low COE alloys of a similar type to that of Incoloy 908.

Topic: Fatigue and fracture mechanics
Subfield: Mechanics of Materials
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Health Shocks and Disability Transitions Among Near-elderly Workers

Between the ages of 50 and 64, seven percent of full-time workers will have a major adverse health event, such as a heart attack, a stroke, or a new onset of cancer. Evidence shows clearly that the labor force response to health shocks differs systematically across groups. Relative to the 12 percent of full-time workers overall who apply for or receive disability insurance (DI) within four years after a health shock, the share is 27 percent among those with less than a high school degree. For blacks, the application or receipt rate is 21 percent. We analyze these issues empirically using 1994-2008 data from the Health and Retirement Study (HRS). Our paper first presents a simple model of the response to an adverse health shock, emphasizing the importance of health capital and labor supply theories of disability application decisions. We then test the implications of these models regarding differences across demographic groups and the importance of health and labor supply variables as determinants of the DI application decisions. In a sample of older workers, after controlling for the onset of a new major health shock, demographic differences diminish only slightly, but they disappear after controlling further for labor market variables. Among the subset of workers who experience a health shock, we find further evidence that the nature of the health shock and prior health status matters a great deal for the DI application decision, as do labor market related variables. A rich model of health and labor supply factors explains 40 to 60 percent of the variation in DI application. However, health and labor supply variables in our models cannot explain large differences in DI application by education and race. PRELIMINARY, DO NOT CITE

Topic: Retirement, Disability, and Employment
Subfield: Demography
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Tax audit: Methodology and management considerations

Subject. This article deals with the issues of the effectiveness of tax audit, which requires a special, focused integrated approach. Objectives. The article aims to develop methodological aspects of tax audit, as well as practical and organizational approaches to its conducting. Methods. For the study, we used analysis and synthesis, modeling, and abstraction. Results. Based on the analysis of the differences and similarities of methodological approaches to tax audit within the framework of internal and external audit, the article proposes a classification of tax audit by category, discloses the methods of tax audit and their classification according to certain criteria. Conclusions. The proposed comprehensive approach to tax audit will help organizations both comply with legal requirements and optimize tax liabilities.

Topic: Corporate Taxation and Avoidance
Subfield: Accounting
Field: Business, Management and Accounting
Domain: Social Sciences
Service Providers’ Perception of Providing Family-Centered Care for Children with Developmental Disabilities: A Meta-Analysis

Understanding service providers ' perceptions of family-centred care (FCC) is essential to improve the processes and outcomes of children's services in early intervention. A systematic review and meta-analysis of the research on the Measure of Processes of Care-Service Provider (MPOC-SP) were performed to determine the extent service-providers of children with developmental disabilities perceive while they provided FCC. A comprehensive literature search was conducted on three databases. A total of 446 studies were retrieved, and 14 met the criteria of the current research. Meta-analysis for 2,094 service-providers of children with developmental disabilities that were included in 14 studies was conducted based on the four scales of the MPOC-SP. The aggregated means of the four factors of the MPOC-SP, showing interpersonal sensitivity, providing general information, communicating specific information, and treating people respectfully, is from 4.26 to 5.77. The result shows that treating people respectfully has the highest score while providing general information has the lowest one. Service providers are encouraged to focus on children's and their families' needs for general information. Further research on better understanding inter-professional service providers' perspectives of providing family-centred care and engaging professionals in intervention processes are recommended.

Topic: Family and Disability Support Research
Subfield: Clinical Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Contribution of Some Agro-Food Processing By-products to Chicken Sausages

In this study, some agro-food processing by-products were evaluated as novel food ingredients, that meet the consumer's demand for natural ingredients, and their contributions to chicken-type sausage production were examined. Sausages were formulated with 3% quince waste (QS3), 3% grapefruit waste (GS3), 2% tomato waste (TS2), and 3% tomato waste (TS3). Other ingredients were fresh breast chicken meat, beef tallow, spice mix, ice, NaCl, and NaNO2. Proximate composition and sensory analyses were conducted before the storage. Water activity, pH, TBARS, purge accumulation, and microbiological analyses were performed during the storage. QS3, TS2, and TS3 treatments got appreciated (7.0-7.4 out of 10) sensory scores, while GS3 scored low acceptability (4.0 out of 10) points. Adding food waste significantly reduced purge accumulation; the average purge accumulation of the control sample was 3.70% which is approximately two times higher than food waste added samples. The average TBARS value of the control sample was determined as 0.31 mg MA/kg, and the food waste-added samples were found between 0.57-0.65 mg MA/kg during storage. Total mesophilic aerobic bacteria and yeast-mold load were higher in TS2 and TS3 products; microbial load and TBARS values of food waste affected the product quality. Also, water activity, microbial growth, and purge accumulation amount affected each other during storage.

Topic: Meat and Animal Product Quality
Subfield: Animal Science and Zoology
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
ASSESSMENT OF KNOWLEDGE, AWARENESS ON GLAUCOMA AMONG GLAUCOMA PATIENTS &amp; ITS IMPACT ON DAILY LIFE.

Aim: To assess the knowledge, awareness on glaucoma and its impact on the quality of life of patients with glaucoma. Materials and method: A questionnaire was delivered to patients willing to take part,and have a regular visit to the ophthalmology department,250 patients who are diagnosed of having glaucoma and started on medical management with age between 40 -70 years were included in the study. Results: Among 250 patients who attended to the glaucoma department 58% were females and males were 42% with the mean age of 51.2 years (ranges40-70) of them. Among them literates were 32%, illiterates were 68%.82% patients in our study never heard about glaucoma before diagnosed as having glaucoma.65%of patients reported negative emotions, 85% were facing difficulties in daily activities due to visual problems,38% reported poor compliance to the treatment. Conclusion: Our study highlights that there is a need for improving the awarenesson this asymptomatic disease and reinforcement of knowledge and practice on proper instillation of eye drops among patients by counselling can help patients to adhere to management and follow up.

Topic: Retinal Imaging and Analysis
Subfield: Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Management of a renal artery aneurysm with coil embolization.

We describe a case of a 51-year-old female who was incidentally noted to have a renal artery aneurysm on computed tomography (CT). The aneurysm was not seen on an abdominal CT performed 4 years prior, so the patient underwent successful percutaneous coil embolization. The indications for repair of such aneurysms are unknown, and there are a myriad of surgical and percutaneous management options. Because of the increase in abdominal imaging, the incidence of renal artery aneurysms is likely to rise. We describe the case and review the literature surrounding the epidemiology, outcome and management of renal artery aneurysms.

Topic: Abdominal vascular conditions and treatments
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Numerical simulation of the cooling of a solar flare

A one-dimensional hydrodynamics code is used to study the cooling of solar flares. The cooling of the flux tube is calculated for the case in which the atmosphere is initially in thermal equilibrium with a maximum temperature of about 107 K. As the system cools, the evolution of the temperature, density, and velocity is calculated as a function of height for different lengths of the loop. We use the cooling function proposed by Hildner (1974), extended to include temperatures lower than 104 K and the Bremsstrahlung effect for values higher than 106 K. It is found that the cooling time increases as the length of the loop is increased. Furthermore, if a spatially-varying energy source is allowed along the loop length, the cooling time differs from the case with no external heating. In particular, it is seen to decrease as the input heating concentrates at the base of the loop.

Topic: Solar and Space Plasma Dynamics
Subfield: Astronomy and Astrophysics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences