jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Correlated Population Genetic Structure in a Three-Tiered Host-Parasite System: The Potential for Coevolution and Adaptive Divergence

Abstract Three subspecies of Northern Bahamian Rock Iguanas, Cyclura cychlura, are currently recognized: C. c. cychlura, restricted to Andros Island, and C. c. figginsi and C. c. inornata, native to the Exuma Island chain. Populations on Andros are genetically distinct from Exuma Island populations, yet genetic divergence among populations in the Exumas is inconsistent with the 2 currently recognized subspecies from those islands. The potential consequences of this discrepancy might include the recognition of a single subspecies throughout the Exumas rather than 2. That inference also ignores evidence that populations of C. cychlura are potentially adaptively divergent. We compared patterns of population relatedness in a three-tiered host-parasite system: C. cychlura iguanas, their ticks (genus Amblyomma, preferentially parasitizing these reptiles), and Rickettsia spp. endosymbionts (within tick ectoparasites). Our results indicate that while C. c. cychlura on Andros is consistently supported as a separate clade, patterns of relatedness among populations of C. c. figginsi and C. c. inornata within the Exuma Island chain are more complex. The distribution of the hosts, different tick species, and Rickettsia spp., supports the evolutionary independence of C. c. inornata. Further, these patterns are also consistent with two independent evolutionarily significant units within C. c. figginsi. Our findings suggest coevolutionary relationships between the reptile hosts, their ectoparasites, and rickettsial organisms, suggesting local adaptation. This work also speaks to the limitations of using neutral molecular markers from a single focal taxon as the sole currency for recognizing evolutionary novelty in populations of endangered species.

Topic: Vector-borne infectious diseases
Subfield: Parasitology
Field: Immunology and Microbiology
Domain: Life Sciences
Ba<sub>3</sub>Zr<sub>2</sub>Cu<sub>4</sub>S<sub>9</sub>: the first quaternary phase of the Ba–Zr–Cu–S system

Single crystals of a new semiconducting layered quaternary sulfide, Ba 3 Zr 2 Cu 4 S 9 , are synthesized by the elemental reactions at high temperatures. This phase is the first member of the Ba–Zr–Cu–S system and represents an unprecedented structure type.

Topic: Iron-based superconductors research
Subfield: Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Effect of X-Ray Irradiation on Colloidal Quantum Dot SWIR CMOS Image Sensor

sponsorship: This work was supported by the Ministry of Trade, Industry, and Energy (MOTIE) in South Korea, under the Fostering Global Talents for Innovative Growth Program supervised by the Korea Institute for Advancement of Technology (KIAT) under Grant P0017312. (Ministry of Trade, Industry, and Energy (MOTIE) in South Korea|P0017312)

Topic: Nanowire Synthesis and Applications
Subfield: Biomedical Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Synthetic review on the genetic relatedness between North Africa and Arabia deduced from paternal lineage distributions

-Y-chromosome single-nucleotide polymorphisms are highly used for phylogenetic construction and in the study of human migration patterns and evolution. Knowing that these genetic markers are associated with certain aspects of human culture like languages, it has been reported that some specific haplogroups characterize the Arab world. In this review, we draw the main conclusions referring to these polymorphisms in the Arab world, in order to provide an anthropological approach to the analysis of the genetic landscape of these populations. In the Middle East, the predominant categories of Y chromosomes are varieties associated with haplogroup J-M304. It has been hypothesized that the center of origin of sub-haplogroup J1-M267 would be the southern Arabian Peninsula whereas J2-M172 seems to be originating from the Fertile Crescent region. In North African populations, the distribution of E-M81, the most common haplogroup there, closely matches the present area of Berber-speaking population’s allocation on the continent, suggesting a close haplogroup-ethnic group parallelism. Remarkably, J1-M267 and J2-M172 were also encountered in North African populations but with less frequency than the Middle Eastern ones, showing an important paternal gene flow from the Middle East towards North Africa. This is in agreement with historical data such as the Phoenician migration flows, from the Fertile Crescent, and mainly to the Arab expansion during the spread of Islam and the important migration of Arabic tribes like the Hilalians that led to a large scale Arabization of North Africa.Key words: Y-SNP, haplogroup, Arab-speaking populations, North Africa, Middle East

Topic: Forensic and Genetic Research
Subfield: Genetics
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Effects of Thiouracil on Turnover of Thyroidal I131 and Thyroxine Secretion Rate Measurement

SummaryThe effects of thiouracil on turnover of I131 by the thyroid in immature and mature chickens were studied. Rate of uptake of I131 by the thyroid was significantly reduced and release rate of I131 from the thyroid was significantly augmented in thiouracil-fed birds. Rate of recycling of I131 from the metabolized thyroid hormone measured by accumulation of I131 by the thyroid from I131-labelled thyroxine injected was always a little less than rate of uptake of I131 by the thyroid. Both uptake and recycling of thyroidal I131 decreased with length of the period of thiouracil feeding. Rate of release of I131 from the thyroid increased with the lengthened time of thiouracil feeding. The thyroxine secretion rate expressed either per 100 g body weight or per bird measured by the thyroxine substitution significantly increased in thiouracil-fed birds compared with normal diet-fed birds. It also increased with length of thiouracil feeding. Use of thiouracil is not adequate for precise determination of thyroxi...

Topic: Coccidia and coccidiosis research
Subfield: Animal Science and Zoology
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Lindernia rotundifolia (Linderniaceae), Picria fel-terrae (Linderniaceae), and Limnophila aromatica (Plantaginaceae): three new records for the flora of Nepal

Lindernia rotundifolia (L.) Alston (Linderniaceae), Picria fel-terrae Lour. (Linderniaceae), and Limnophila aromatica (Lam.) Merr. (Plantaginaceae) are newly reported from Jalthal forest, eastern Nepal. Picria Lour. is a new generic record for Nepal. Descriptions of all the species based on Nepalese specimens are provided, along with notes on diagnostic features, color photographs of the species, distribution maps, and notes on habitats.

Topic: Plant Taxonomy and Phylogenetics
Subfield: Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
<i>Llyfr Mormon</i>: The Translation of the Book of Mormon into Welsh

Research Article| April 01 2002 Llyfr Mormon: The Translation of the Book of Mormon into Welsh Ronald D. Dennis Ronald D. Dennis Ronald D. Dennis, a professor of Portuguese at BYU, is also an authority on the history of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in Wales. His recent focus in that area has been on producing facsimile translations of 70 Welsh missionary publications from the 1840s and 1850s. Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Journal of Book of Mormon Studies (1992-2007) (2002) 11 (1): 45–49. https://doi.org/10.5406/jbookmormstud.11.1.0045 Cite Icon Cite Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Permissions Search Site Citation Ronald D. Dennis; Llyfr Mormon: The Translation of the Book of Mormon into Welsh. Journal of Book of Mormon Studies (1992-2007) 1 April 2002; 11 (1): 45–49. doi: https://doi.org/10.5406/jbookmormstud.11.1.0045 Download citation file: Zotero Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All Scholarly Publishing CollectiveUniversity of Illinois PressJournal of Book of Mormon Studies Search Advanced Search The text of this article is only available as a PDF. Copyright 2002 by the Board of Trustees of the University of Illinois2002 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal Issue Section: The Sesquicentennial of Four European Translations of the Book of Mormon You do not currently have access to this content.

Topic: Historical Studies of British Isles
Subfield: History
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Application of the Trigonometric Polynomial Interpolation for the Estimation of the Vertical Eddy Viscosity Coefficient Based on the Ekman Adjoint Assimilation Model

In this study, a triangular polynomial interpolation (TPI) scheme was developed to estimate the vertical eddy viscosity coefficient (VEVC) on the basis of the Ekman model with adjoint assimilation. In the twin experiments, the advantages and disadvantages of estimating the VEVC using the TPI scheme under different factors are discussed. The results indicated that (1) the TPI scheme proves to be better than the cubic spline interpolation (CSI) and Cressman interpolation (CI) schemes; (2) the inversion results are more sensitive to observations from upper ocean layers than those from lower layers, and the TPI scheme is less likely to be influenced by missing data; (3) for various boundary layer depths, the inversion results of the TPI scheme remain consistent with the given distributions; (4) the inversion results can be influenced considerably by observational errors, and the TPI scheme is more resistant to noise than the CSI and CI schemes; and (5) the inversion accuracy of the TPI scheme can be improved by selecting the temporal wind stress drag coefficients. In practical experiments, the adjoint method with the TPI scheme was developed to estimate the Ekman currents by assimilating the observations from a buoy stationed in the Yellow Sea. The results showed the successful estimation of the VEVC and demonstrated that more precise current velocities can be obtained with this estimation scheme. In summary, this study provides a useful approach for the effective estimation of the VEVC.

Topic: Oceanographic and Atmospheric Processes
Subfield: Oceanography
Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences
Domain: Physical Sciences
Update on the Genetic Effects of Ionizing Radiation

The genetic implications of human exposures to radiation continue to be very much on the public mind. Interest in the issue was greatly stimulated by the report of Gardner and associates<sup>1</sup>last year. In an effort to understand the excess of childhood leukemia and lymphoma reported in the vicinity of the Sellafield nuclear plant in the West Cumbria district of the United Kingdom, these investigators conducted a case-control study for environmental associations with these diseases. The study identified 52 cases of leukemia, 22 of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, and 23 of Hodgkin's disease, all occurring under 25 years of age. For each case, up to eight controls were used. Because many of the tests for associations are overlapping, it is difficult to deduce how many independent statistical tests were performed, but it appears to be at least 70. The most significant finding was that the fathers of children who developed leukemia

Topic: Cancer-related Molecular Pathways
Subfield: Oncology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
UNDERSTANDING REACTIONS TO JOB REDESIGN: A QUASI-EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF THE MODERATING EFFECTS OF ORGANIZATIONAL CONTEXT ON PERCEPTIONS OF PERFORMANCE BEHAVIOR

Redesigning jobs from a traditional workgroup structure to a semi-autonomous team structure has become increasingly popular, but the impact of such redesigns on employee effectiveness criteria has been mixed. The present longitudinal quasi-experimental study showed that although such a redesign had positive effects on 3 performance behaviors (effort, skill usage, and problem solving), its effectiveness also depended on aspects of the organizational context. In conditions where the organizational reward and feedback and information systems were effective, redesigning work into a semi-autonomous team structure had no discernible effect on performance behaviors. In conditions where these systems were poor, however, such a redesign produced large positive benefits. This suggests that work redesigns that enhance worker autonomy are most effective in contexts where other supportive management systems are absent.

Topic: Human Resource Development and Performance Evaluation
Subfield: Applied Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
IoT Based Home Security

Internet of Things (IoT) allows real-world objects to be connected and managed through the internet. IoT is used to make any device smart and is thus a booming concept worldwide. Being a part of the era of the internet, it has become easier to experiment and develop new ideas. Many such ideas have been implemented, changing people’s lifestyles in general. Smart home technology is known to bring about more comfort and convenience at our homes. We have decided to stretch this concept out further to implement the concept of IoT into the security of our homes. The proposed model focuses on the security and ease of allowing access to the house. The leverage obtained by choosing this over other forms of home security is the ease of allowing access and monitoring our homes at any time and from anywhere. Our overall system is also focused on being made at a budget so that all sections of the society can experience this convenience and safety. In a world where technology is advancing at such a rapid rate, it is to be seen that everyone plays a part and stays up to date.

Topic: IoT-based Smart Home Systems
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Re: Telomere Homeostasis is Compromised in Spermatocytes from Patients with Idiopathic Infertility

No AccessJournal of UrologyAdult Urology1 Jul 2015Re: Telomere Homeostasis is Compromised in Spermatocytes from Patients with Idiopathic Infertility Craig NiederbergerMD Craig NiederbergerCraig Niederberger More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2015.04.006AboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "Re: Telomere Homeostasis is Compromised in Spermatocytes from Patients with Idiopathic Infertility." The Journal of Urology, 194(1), p. 171 References 1 : In every end there is a beginning—telomeres in male reproduction. Fertil Steril2014; 102: 690. Google Scholar © 2015 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 194Issue 1July 2015Page: 171Supplementary Materials Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2015 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information Craig Niederberger More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...

Topic: Sperm and Testicular Function
Subfield: Reproductive Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Virtual screening on SARS-CoV-2 Nsp14_testing of 5474 hits in a Nsp14 biochemical assay and an A549-hACE2 SARS-CoV-2 infected cells

This report describes the most relevant results of virtually screening the Janssen Pharmaceutica compound collection for potential activity against SARS-CoV-2 Nsp14 and confirmation of potential hits in a SARS-CoV-2 Nsp10/Nsp14 biochemical exonuclease assay and in a A549-hACE2 cell-based anti-SARS-CoV-2 assay.

Topic: SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
Subfield: Infectious Diseases
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Can Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership Alter the Direction of Global Textiles and Clothing Trade? A Computable General Equilibrium Analysis

The purpose of the article was to investigate the criticality of Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP) to the direction of the international trade regime of the textiles and clothing (T&amp;C) sector. The reason for selecting this sector is because RCEP block exported 50% of the global share of T&amp;C products in 2019. Besides, this industry has been quite important from an employment generation point of view and a leading earner of foreign exchange for many nations around the world. Given the free trade agreement and an ambitious approach towards removing the majority of tariff lines pertaining to this sector, RCEP can potentially alter the direction of T&amp;C trade and have related spillover benefits and trade-off in the global supply chain. This study undertakes an evaluative investigation through computable general equilibrium modelling. The article tries to analyse the impact of a potential free trade agreement specific to the RCEP block on the member nation’s gross domestic product, exports, industrial production, employment and welfare. The impact on exports is reportedly a mixed bag where countries such as China and Vietnam stand out to gain enormously while a few others are expected to lose. On similar lines, production in this sector appears to rise for RCEP members such as Singapore, Vietnam, South Korea, Japan, China and Cambodia while for other members the same is seen to decline. Also, T&amp;C trade is noticed to divert away from non-RCEP members. An important policy implication for non-member RCEP nations is to ratify individual trade agreements pertaining to T&amp;C trade. The study shows the mitigation of the trade diversion effect of RCEP by taking India’s example and incorporating its free trade agreements in T&amp;C trade with RCEP non-member country like the UK and then with RCEP nation like Australia. The supposed trade agreements of India have been incorporated in the main model along with RCEP.

Topic: Global trade and economics
Subfield: General Economics, Econometrics and Finance
Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance
Domain: Social Sciences
Intravenous Patient-controlled Analgesia using Remifentanil after Cardiac Surgery

Background: For rapid onset and predictable elimination half life, remifentanil may be suitable for patients undergoing cardiac surgery with unstable vital sign and decreased metabolism.We evaluated the efficacy, safety and proper dosage of intravenous patient-controlled analgesia (IV PCA) using remifentanil in patients undergoing cardiac surgery.Methods: Forty-nine patients scheduled for cardiac surgery with sternotomy were randomly allocated to three groups.Group F had IV PCA using fentanyl with basal rate of 0.3μg/kg/h, bolus of 0.5μg/kg and lockout time of 15 min.Group L had remifentanil IV PCA with basal rate of 4μg/kg/h, and group S with basal rate of 1μg/kg/h.Both of group L and group S had setting of bolus of 0.5μg/kg and lockout time of 5 min.In 12, 24 and 36 hours after surgery, vital sign, arterial blood gas analysis, visual analog pain scale (VAS), sedation score, and incidences of side effects were evaluated.Results: The VAS score of group L was significantly low until 24 hours after surgery compared with other groups (P ＜ 0.001).In group L, sedation score and PaCO2 in 12 hours after surgery were significantly high compared with other groups (P ＜ 0.05), but no treatments were needed.Conclusions: Remifentanil IV PCA with basal rate of 4μg/kg/h showed lower VAS score compared with small dosage of remifentanil and fentanyl with basal rate of 0.3μg/kg/h.In the safety and proper dosage, further evaluations were needed.(Korean

Topic: Anesthesia and Sedative Agents
Subfield: Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
[The effect of insulin-like growth factor-I on steroidogenesis and ultrastructures of cultured human granulosa cells in vitro].

IGF-I possesses a positive effect on the steroidogenesis of cultured human granulosa cells in dose-dependent fashion which could be enhanced by combination of IGF-I and FSH. The ultrastructures of granulosa cells showed a tendency toward activation of steroidogenesis under the stimulation of IGF-I.

Topic: Growth Hormone and Insulin-like Growth Factors
Subfield: Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Laboratory experiments of well testing for fracture-cave carbonate gas reservoirs

It is well known that the flowing of oil and gas in fracture and cave does not obey Darcy law, which makes it unable to interpret parameters correctly when doing well testing for those kinds of formation for having no flowing test used to correct corresponding flowing equations. Based on similarity criterion, a physical experimental method for gas flowing from cave to wellbore through fracture has been built up. The characteristics of fluid flowing in fracture and cave can be seen clearly according to log–log curves with the measured data, which was obtained from the experimental model test and dealt with Savitzky-Golay filtering method. In addition, a new mathematical model reflecting those transient-flow behaviors as well as its solution has been presented in this paper. Log–log curves obtained from our new model could reflect the characteristics of flowing in fracture and cave. The results showed that test experiments can reflect the influence of large-scaled cave and fracture on the flowing characteristics and the new model can be applied to explain parameters of fracture and cave for similar cases.

Topic: Hydraulic Fracturing and Reservoir Analysis
Subfield: Mechanical Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
SERUM ALPHA FETOPROTEIN, A SURROGATE MARKER FOR LIVER DISEASE PROGRESSION IN CHRONIC HEPATITIS C.

Serum alpha fetoprotein (AFP) is a commonly used marker in the screening for hepatocellular carcinoma. This study aims to evaluate the value of AFP as an early predictor of the evolution of chronic hepatitis C. In a retrospective study on 116 HCV-infected patients (62.9% females, mean age 49.13 ± 1.73 years), increased levels of serum AFP (> 7 ng/mL) were found in 39.7% of cases. High serum AFP levels were more frequently detected in older patients and in those with severe fibrosis and cirrhosis (62.2% and 76.9% respectively vs. 11.6% in those without significant fibrosis, p = 0.0001). Increased AFP levels were significantly associated with markers of hepatic cytolysis (ALT- r = 0.245, p = 0.009 and AST r = 0.441, p = 0.0001) and cholestasis (GGT level-r = 0.947, p = 0.000 1), but not with HCV viral load. A predictive model based on AFP level and routinely monitored biochemical markers of liver fibrosis and necroinflammatory activity can be a useful clinical tool in chronic HCV infection.

Topic: Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment
Subfield: Epidemiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
The Logarithmic Minkowski conjecture and the $L_p$-Minkowski Problem

The current state of art concerning the $L_p$ Minkowski problem as a Monge-Ampere equation on the sphere and Lutwak's Logarithmic Minkowski conjecture about the uniqueness of even solution in the $p=0$ case are surveyed and connections to many related problems are discussed.

Topic: Geometry and complex manifolds
Subfield: Geometry and Topology
Field: Mathematics
Domain: Physical Sciences