jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Platform for Stop-based Carpooling

This paper introduces a transformative stop-based carpooling app designed to address the limitations of existing solutions. By strategically placing designated stops, such as bus stops, our innovative model restricts ride creation and participation exclusively between these stops, ensuring consistent availability, mitigating privacy concerns, and providing users with alternative transportation options. Through a comprehensive study in a representative urban setting, we examine the impact on car occupancy rates, traffic reduction, and user satisfaction, highlighting the model's ability to cater to diverse user needs. The integration with existing public transport systems extends its eco-friendly footprint, while strategically placed stops enhance coverage in areas with fewer active drivers, overcoming the limitations of conventional carpooling solutions. This paper contributes a blueprint for a sustainable and efficient shared mobility system, showcasing the potential of the stop-based approach in revolutionizing urban transportation.

Topic: Transportation and Mobility Innovations
Subfield: Automotive Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Management of the patients with food allergies

食物アレルギー管理の原則は，正しい診断に基づいた必要最小限の原因食物の除去である．この言葉には正確に診断された原因食物のみを除去するという意味と，食品によっては原因食物であっても摂取可能な範囲までは摂取を行うという2つの意味が含まれている．患者や家族に対しては誤食などによる誘発症状を防止するための注意点を指導すると共に，摂取している食事全体を評価し，必要に応じて管理栄養士による栄養摂取状況の評価および栄養食事指導を行う．また合併するアレルギー疾患を十分にコントロールすることも重要である．

Topic: Food Allergy and Anaphylaxis Research
Subfield: Immunology and Allergy
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Letter from I.Rennie to John Muir, 1895 Sep 28.

[2]Two Sundays ago I spent the weekend with Willie Douglas in Edinburgh. We loafed round the "auld house" &amp; went up Arthur's Seat. He had just returned from a month's climbing in Switzerland. He had been up the Matterhorn, Rothorn, etc. &amp; some other breakneck places.

Topic: Magnetic confinement fusion research
Subfield: Nuclear and High Energy Physics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
In Vitro Susceptibility Testing Methods for Caspofungin against <i>Aspergillus</i> and <i>Fusarium</i> Isolates

ABSTRACT We investigated the relevance of prominent reduction in turbidity macroscopically (MIC) and formation of aberrant hyphal tips microscopically (minimum effective concentration; MEC) in measuring the in vitro activity of caspofungin against Aspergillus and Fusarium . Caspofungin generated low MICs and MECs against Aspergillus , but not for Fusarium . While MICs increased inconsistently when the incubation time was prolonged, MEC appeared as a stable and potentially relevant endpoint in testing in vitro caspofungin activity.

Topic: Mycotoxins in Agriculture and Food
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Note on an MMPI-2 Scale of Early Sexual Abuse

The mean of 191 female psychiatric inpatients on the Griffith, Myers, and Tankersley (1996) MMPI-2 scale of childhood sexual abuse was compared with means of 2 community samples (58 sexually abused women and 57 nonabused women). The mean of the patients was substantially larger than that of the nonabused women but slightly larger than that of the abused women. The scale may measure general maladjustment or psychopathology instead of, or in addition to, specific sequelae of sexual abuse. Further investigation is necessary to cross-validate the scale in community samples and to examine whether scores differentiate abused and nonabused women in clinical samples. This note illustrates use of an archival data set with results of recent research.

Topic: Child Abuse and Trauma
Subfield: Clinical Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Microstructure Evolution of TiB&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;/7075 Composites in Semi-Solid State near Liquids within Holding Time

Novel reactive technique has been employed in synthesis of 7075 Al matrix composites, and effect of TiB 2 particles on sedimentation and microstructure of 7075 Al Alloy in near liquidus was investigated. Researchers have shown that 4.5%TiB 2 /7075 composites had the smallest grains and the minimum liquidus and solidus temperatures in 7075 Al matrix composites. 4.5%TiB 2 /7075 composites holding for 21 hours appeared stratification phenomenon, the globular grains were 61μm and 214μm, 250μm and 283μm with the increase of holding time respectively. The microstructures evolution of TiB 2 /7075 composites holding for different time at 635°C was a two-stage mechanism that the globular grains was formed firstly and secondly sedimentation and layering were began after a period of time of Ostwald ripening. The globular grain continued to increase during the settling process.

Topic: Aluminum Alloys Composites Properties
Subfield: Mechanical Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Major Differences between the Self-Assembly and Seeding Behavior of Heparin-Induced and in Vitro Phosphorylated Tau and Their Modulation by Potential Inhibitors

Self-assembly of the microtubule-associated protein tau into neurotoxic oligomers, fibrils, and paired helical filaments, and cell-to-cell spreading of these pathological tau species are critical processes underlying the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease and other tauopathies. Modulating the self-assembly process and inhibiting formation and spreading of such toxic species are promising strategies for therapy development. A challenge in investigating tau self-assembly in vitro is that, unlike most amyloidogenic proteins, tau does not aggregate in the absence of posttranslational modifications (PTM), aggregation inducers, or preformed seeds. The most common induction method is addition of polyanions, such as heparin; yet, this artificial system may not represent adequately tau self-assembly in vivo, which is driven by aberrant phosphorylation and other PTMs, potentially leading to in vitro data that do not reflect the behavior of tau and its interaction with modulators in vivo. To tackle these challenges, methods for in vitro phosphorylation of tau to produce aggregation-competent forms recently have been introduced ( Despres et al. ( 2017 ) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. , 114 , 9080 - 9085 ). However, the oligomerization, seeding, and interaction with assembly modulators of the different forms of tau have not been studied to date. To address these knowledge gaps, we compared here side-by-side the self-assembly and seeding activity of heparin-induced tau with two forms of in vitro phosphorylated tau and tested how the molecular tweezer CLR01, a negatively charged compound, affected these processes. Tau was phosphorylated by incubation either with activated extracellular signal-regulated kinase 2 or with a whole rat brain extract. Seeding activity was measured using a fluorescence-resonance energy transfer-based biosensor-cell method. We also used solution-state NMR to investigate the binding sites of CLR01 on tau and how they were impacted by phosphorylation. Our systematic structure-activity relationship study demonstrates that heparin-induced tau behaves differently from in vitro phosphorylated tau. The aggregation rates of the different forms are distinct as is the intracellular localization of the induced aggregates, which resemble brain-derived tau strains suggesting that heparin-induced tau and in vitro phosphorylated tau have different conformations, properties, and activities. CLR01 inhibits aggregation and seeding of both heparin-induced and in vitro phosphorylated tau dose-dependently, although heparin induction interferes with the interaction between CLR01 and tau.

Topic: Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
Subfield: Physiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
BEC in a star-comb graph

We investigate the properties of free bosons hopping on a star-comb network, discussing the single-particle spectrum and the main thermodynamic equilibrium properties: Bose-Einstein critical temperature, fraction of condensate, and spatial boson distribution. We find an enhancement of the critical temperature with respect to other inhomogeneous networks.

Topic: Coleoptera Taxonomy and Distribution
Subfield: Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Motivational Interviewing: A Positive Approach

How do we encourage our patients to give up smoking, drink less alcohol and engage in healthy activities that would enhance and possibly lengthen their lives? Health promotion and explaining risk are part of the GP's everyday job but it is a skill that could be improved. One suggestion for improving health promotion by GPs is that a motivational interviewing (MI) approach could be used. This article aims to describe the MI method and its practical relevance to primary care practitioners in dealing with common patient concerns.

Topic: Childhood Cancer Survivors' Quality of Life
Subfield: Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Supplementary Table 1 from Potentially Prognostic miRNAs in HPV-Associated Oropharyngeal Carcinoma

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 31K, The list of the aberrantly-expressed miRNAs between OPC and normals&lt;/p&gt;

Topic: MicroRNA in disease regulation
Subfield: Cancer Research
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Determination of Average Ternary Interdiffusion Coefficients Using Moments of Interdiffusion Flux and Concentration Profiles

We developed a method of rigorous solution of the Onsager’s flow equations using moments of the interdiffusion-parameter integrands for the determination of average ternary interdiffusion coefficients. The analysis developed by Dayananda and Sohn [1] is the basis for this refined approach. Average main and cross interdiffusion coefficients are determined over selected regions in the diffusion zone using the diffusion-distance moments of the interdiffusion flux flow equations. Thermodynamic stability of solid solutions in the light of interdiffusion phenomenon is taken as validation criteria to identify accurate and reliable values of the ternary interdiffusion coefficients. Regulations are proposed for successful application of the analysis method to various ternary diffusion couples in Ni- and Fe-based intermetallics.

Topic: Intermetallics and Advanced Alloy Properties
Subfield: Mechanical Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
AQUACEL<sup>®</sup> Ag BURN glove and silver sulfadiazine for the treatment of partial thickness hand burns: A retrospective review

&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; Loss of hand function has a detrimental impact on the physical and psychosocial functioning of those with hand burns. Of prime importance is the maintenance of range of movement (ROM). Subsequently, an ideal hand dressing needs to allow for full ROM, be comfortable, and facilitate healing. However, hand burns present complex challenges for burn clinicians with the dressing of choice remaining controversial.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Patients and Methods: &lt;/strong&gt; This retrospective review was undertaken to determine the effectiveness of the AQUACEL&lt;sup&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; Ag BURN glove as compared to silver sulfadiazine (SSD; standard care) in patients with partial thickness hand burns. The average total body surface area % was 14.6% with an average age of 37 years. Eight hands were dressed with an AQUACEL&lt;sup&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; Ag BURN glove and eight were dressed with SSD.&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt; Pain scores were reduced in those with the glove compared to those who were treated with SSD dressing. Mobility of the hand with the glove was reduced compared to the patients treated with SSD. The glove cost including outer dressings was $330 US, this is compared to $432 US for the SSD dressing based on the average reepithelization rate of 15 days, and translates into a financial saving of approximately $100 US per patient and further reduces workload and resources.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt;The use of a hydrofiber silver impregnated glove for partial thickness hand burns, has clinical significance in the outpatient setting reducing the need for hospitalization, and the amount of dressing changes required.&lt;/p&gt;

Topic: Wound Healing and Treatments
Subfield: Rehabilitation
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Figure et style : concepts esthétiques dans la théorie du discours de Gérard Genette

Genette's theory of the conditions of production of literariness slips into an aesthetics, concerned by effects on readers. Nowhere is this clearer than in his use of the concepts of figuration and style — suggesting that no poetics can be independent of a reader-informed aesthetics.

Topic: Historical and Literary Studies
Subfield: Anthropology
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Teacher Preparation and Enhancement Programs at the NSF Web Site

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVReportNEXTTeacher Preparation and Enhancement Programs at the NSF Web SiteDonald J. Wink View Author Information University of Illinois at Chicago, Department of Chemistry, Chicago, IL 60607Cite this: J. Chem. Educ. 1999, 76, 1, 21Publication Date (Web):January 1, 1999Publication History Received3 August 2009Published online1 January 1999Published inissue 1 January 1999https://doi.org/10.1021/ed076p21Request reuse permissionsArticle Views39Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (49 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts

Topic: Various Chemistry Research Topics
Subfield: Physical and Theoretical Chemistry
Field: Chemistry
Domain: Physical Sciences
Conflict management in the extractive industries: A comparison of four mining projects in Latin America

Increasing global demand for minerals has led to increasing socio-environmental conflicts in the mining sector. To understand why mining company managers (especially those in the areas of community relations, corporate affairs, social performance, and corporate social responsibility) fail to adequately manage conflict, we examined the conflict management approaches used by managers of large mining operations in Latin America. We interviewed a few managers per mine and analysed secondary data relating to the conflicts associated with the Nueva Unión (Chile), Peñasquito (Mexico), Vazante (Brazil), and Yanacocha (Peru) mines. We found that the conflict management style being used did not incorporate understandings from political ecology or environmental justice. We consider these perspectives could improve conflict management in the extractive industries, which would reduce the environmental and social impacts experienced by host communities, the cost of conflict borne by companies and communities, and would increase the social licence to operate of companies and their operations. We discuss various key issues including: worldviews and ontological differences; the distribution of costs and benefits from the extractive industries; power imbalance; corporate structure and strategy towards community and environmental issues; and the adequacy of the response of the national and international social justice systems.

Topic: Mining and Resource Management
Subfield: Building and Construction
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Bacterial species in raw and cured compost from a large-scale urban composter

Raw and cured compost samples from a large-scale urban composter were studied over a period of eight months to gain information on bacterial species present. Total viable, aerobic heterotrophic bacteria, lactose-positive bacteria, antibiotic and metal-resistant bacteria and thermophilic bacteria were enumerated. Both raw and cured compost samples contained metal and antibiotic-tolerant bacteria (<Log 3.0 to Log 8.5 CFU g−1 compost) as well as high numbers (as high as Log 7.4 CFU g−1 dry weight compost) of thermophilic bacteria isolated by growth at 55 °C. Selected colonies were also identified using the Biolog 95 substrate identification system.Escherichia coli andSalmonella spp. were not detected in compost samples.

Topic: Composting and Vermicomposting Techniques
Subfield: Soil Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Is Just One Component of the Complex Multimorbidities in Patients with COPD

1. Ford ES. The epidemiology of obesity and asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2005;115:897–909. 2. Sideleva O, Suratt BT, Black KE, Tharp WG, Pratley RE, Forgione P, Dienz O, Irvin CG, Dixon AE. Obesity and asthma: an inflammatory disease of adipose tissue not the airway.Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2012;186:598–605. 3. Vahlkvist S, Inman MD, Pedersen S. Effect of asthma treatment on fitness, daily activity and body composition in children with asthma. Allergy 2010;65:1464–1471. 4. Boulet LP. Asthma and obesity. Clin Exp Allergy 2013;43:8–21. 5. Quinto KB, Zuraw BL, Poon KY, Chen W, Schatz M, Christiansen SC. The association of obesity and asthma severity and control in children. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2011;128:964–969. 6. Sutherland TJ, Cowan JO, Taylor DR. Dynamic hyperinflation with bronchoconstriction: differences between obese and nonobese women with asthma. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2008;177:970–975. 7. De Groot EP, Duiverman EJ, Brand PL. Comorbidities of asthma during childhood possibly important, yet poorly studied. Eur Respir J 2010; 36:671–678. 8. Jensen ME, Gibson PG, Collins CE, Wood LG. Airway and systemic inflammation in obese children with asthma. Eur Respir J (In press) 9. Sutherland ER, Goleva E, Strand M, Beuther DA, Leung DY. Body mass and glucocorticoid response in asthma. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2008;178:682–687. 10. Borrell LN, Nguyen EA, Roth LA, Oh SS, Tcheurekdjian H, Sen S, Davis A, Farber HJ, Avila PC, Brigino-Buenaventura E, et al. Childhood obesity and asthma control in the GALA II and SAGE II studies. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2013;187:697–702. 11. Holguin F, Bleecker ER, Busse WW, Calhoun WJ, Castro M, Erzurum SC, Fitzpatrick AM, Gaston B, Israel E, Jarjour NN, et al. Obesity and asthma: an association modified by age of asthma onset. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2011;127:1486–1493. 12. Miranda C, Busacker A, Balzar S, Trudeau J, Wenzel SE. Distinguishing severe asthma phenotypes: role of age at onset and eosinophilic inflammation. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2004;113:101– 108. 13. van Veen IH, Ten Brinke A, Sterk PJ, Rabe KF, Bel EH. Airway inflammation in obese and nonobese patients with difficult-to-treat asthma. Allergy 2008;63:570–574. 14. Lang JE, Holbrook JT, Wise RA, Dixon AE, Teague WG, Wei CY, Irvin CG, Shade D, Lima JJ; American Lung Association-Asthma Clinical Research Centers. Obesity in children with poorly controlled asthma: sex differences. Pediatr Pulmonol (In press) 15. Staiano AE, Katzmarzyk PT. Ethnic and sex differences in body fat and visceral and subcutaneous adiposity in children and adolescents. Int J Obes 2012;36:1261–1269.

Topic: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Research
Subfield: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
The minimal Martin boundary of a Cartesian product of trees

On a tree, the Martin boundary for positive eigenfunctions of the "Laplacian" or other suitable difference operators is known to coincide with the natural boundary of the tree. In this survey, operators on a finite product of trees are considered. Old and new results are described. In the case when all the trees are homogeneous, we let the operator be a positive linear combination of the Laplacians in the factor trees. If at least one of the trees is not $\\mathbb{Z}$, the corresponding Martin boundary is nontrivial for all sufficiently large eigenvalues, and is given as the product of the natural boundaries of the trees times a hyper surface which depends on the eigemalue. The situation is similar to that of a polydisc. There is a pointwise convergence theorem at the boundary. For $\\mathbb{Z}^n$ however, the boundary is a one-point set. To get a nontrivial boundary here, one can consider instead an operator with drift.

Topic: Polynomial and algebraic computation
Subfield: Computational Theory and Mathematics
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
A Senegal Village Water Supply Project

ABSTRACT T his P roject D escribes a rural water supply project in Senegal, West Africa, carried out in phases by Balfours, during the period 1983‐88. The first phase was a study, followed by detailed survey, construction works and borehole drilling. The scheme was financed by a $6 million grant from the Overseas Development Administration (ODA). British equipment such as the vehicles, pumps, elevated sectional steel water towers, pipes and fittings, were purchased and shipped to Senegal by the Crown Aents. Balfours designed, specified, and supervised the construction of water supply systems in 18 villages in Senegal comprising deep boreholes, pumping plant, elevated sectional steel water towers, and limited piped distribution systems. In order to ensure a full understanding of the project by the people it was to serve, and because major international contractors were unwilling to bid for a project which was scattered across a large area of Senegal, the work was carried out by direct labour, much of which was recruited in the villages in which the works were located. About 85000 people and 250000 cattle and sheep were provided with safe, reliable supplies of clean drinking water, as a result of the project.

Topic: Child Nutrition and Water Access
Subfield: Nutrition and Dietetics
Field: Nursing
Domain: Health Sciences
On the centenary of the birth of Francis H. C. Crick – from physics to genetics and neuroscience

ABSTRACT The year 2016 marks the centenary of the birth of Francis Crick (1916–2004), who made outstanding contributions to genetics and neuroscience. In 1953, in a collaborative study, Francis Crick and James Watson discovered the DNA double helix, and in 1962 they and Maurice Wilkins were awarded the Noble Prize in Physiology or Medicine. Crick subsequently became very interested in neuroscience, particularly consciousness and its relationship to the claustrum, a small gray matter structure between the insula and putamen.

Topic: Origins and Evolution of Life
Subfield: Astronomy and Astrophysics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Adaptation of Asparagus to overwinter in cold climates

Asparagus is grown in a broad range of climates, varying not only for the levels of cold winter temperatures but also for the occurrence and severity of freezing events as plants enter or are released from dormancy. Consequently, cultivars bred in different regions can have distinct phenotypes for freezing tolerance and winterhardiness. Studies of hybrids with varying adaptation to the cold winter climate of Ontario, Canada have indicated the timing of fall acclimation and spring deacclimation and concentrations of certain cryoprotective compounds in the crown may be most important for survival. An improved understanding of winterhardiness can offer insights into breeding strategies and indirect selection criteria for the trait.

Topic: Phytochemical Studies and Bioactivities
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences