jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Canine Infectious Respiratory Disease Complex

Canine infectious respiratory disease complex (CIRD) is a multifaceted disease of immunologically naive, immunocompromised, and otherwise healthy dogs. It is a complex rather than a single disease in which various pathogens, including viruses, bacteria and mycoplasma, co-infect naive, immunocompromised or previously vaccinated dogs. Most of the organisms involved with CIRD are primary pathogens of the respiratory epithelium and thus require aerosol exposure or contact with fomites to facilitate infection. Following exposure, clinical signs generally develop within 3–5 days and the animal may shed virus for up to 8–10 days, though influenza virus can be shed for up to several weeks following infection. CIRD has a propensity for young, immunologically naive animals and immunocompromised patients. In an ideal world, diagnosis of the diseases associated with CIRD would precede therapy and help guide the use of antimicrobials. Antimicrobial therapy, when indicated, should be directed by culture of bronchoalveolar lavage or tracheal wash fluid.

Topic: Microbial infections and disease research
Subfield: Microbiology
Field: Immunology and Microbiology
Domain: Life Sciences
Anzac memories: living with the legend

n this highly original book, Alistair Thomson poses salient questions about the Anzac legend and its effects on those who lived under its shadow. How was the legend created and what form has it taken since Charles Bean's seminal work? What was its changing significance for Australianpolitics and society? Most crucially, how has it served the men whose lives it represents - the survivors of the Great War?

Topic: Australian History and Society
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
ORIGINAL RESEARCH Association of diabetes and perineural invasion in pancreatic cancer

Diabetes and perineural invasion are frequently observed in pancreatic cancer. In this study, we tested possible relations between diabetes and perineural inva-sion in patients with resected pancreatic cancer. We conducted a retrospective study in 544 cases of resected pancreatic adenocarcinoma seen at the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center during 1996–2011. Information on tumor characteristics, diabetes history, and survival time was collected by personal interview and medical record review. Patients with diabetes before or at the time of the pancreatic cancer diagnosis were considered diabetes only. Pearson v2 test was used to compare categorical variables in diabetic and nondiabetic groups. Kaplan–Meier plot, log-rank test, and Cox proportional regression models were applied in survival analysis. The prevalence of diabetes and perineural invasion was 26.5 % and 86.9%, respectively, in this study population. Patients with dia-betes had a significantly higher prevalence of perineural invasion (92.4%) than those without diabetes (85%) (P = 0.025, v2 test). Diabetes was not associated

Topic: Pancreatic and Hepatic Oncology Research
Subfield: Oncology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Inorganic self-assembly through sequential complexation in the formation of bimetallic and trimetallic architectures from multisite ligands based on 5,5'-disubstituted 2,2'-bipyridines

Two multisite 5,5'-disubstituted 2,2'-bipyridine ligands containing N-methyl hydroxamic acids as substituents [5,5'-bis(N-methylhydroxamic)-2,2'-bipyridine (4) and 5-methyl-5'-(N-methylhydroxamic)-2,2-bipyridine (10)] were synthesized. These ligands were used in order to illustrate the strategy of self-assembly through sequential complexation. According to this concept, the first metal added organizes the ligands disposed in 5,5'-positions to accomodate the second metal ion that is sequentially added. Thus, addition of Fe2+ to a solution of 4 led to a Fe2+-tris(bipyridine) complex. Addition of Fe3+ to this solution yielded a trimetallic architecture, which was characterized. Ligand 10 yielded a mixture of bimetallic architectures through complexation with Fe2+ followed by Fe3+ ions. However, if the order of metal addition is changed, only one bimetallic complex is obtained. This is due to the fact that the first metal ion added (Fe3+) acts as a template, organizing the bipyridine ligands and preforming an adequate cavity for the Fe2+ ion.

Topic: Supramolecular Chemistry and Complexes
Subfield: Organic Chemistry
Field: Chemistry
Domain: Physical Sciences
Proximate and Phytochemical Compositions of Leaf and Root of (Cattle Stick) &lt;i&gt;Carpolobia lutea&lt;/i&gt; G. Don

Carpolobia lutea is a medicinal plant commonly utilized in Nigeria to boost libido. The ethnomedicinal importance of any plant lies in some secondary metabolites. Hence, the present study was carried out to investigate the proximate and phytochemical composition of roots and leaves of this plant using standard methods. The proximate composition of leaves and roots showed moisture, ash, fibre, protein, fat and carbohydrate contents with values that ranged between 8.84-9.55, 3.48-3.65, 1.10-1.06, 6.64-8.39, 1.80-1.80 and 76.16-77.47% respectively. The leaves contained higher amount of ash, crude protein and fat than the roots. The results of ethanolic extracts showed the presence of alkaloids, anthraquinones, steroids, saponins, tannins, phenols, terpenoids, anthocyanin, carotenoids and flavonoids in both the leaves and roots. These phytochemicals were found to be significantly higher in roots except for anthraquinones, flavonoids and steroids which were significantly higher in the leaves. Among the phytochemicals, alkaloids were found to be highest in concentration followed in decreasing order by saponins, steroids, tannins, flavonoids, anthraquinones, anthocyanin, terpenoids, phenols and carotenoids. The results indicated that, C. lutea leaf and root have high nutritive and medicinal values and this could be explored for pharmaceutical purposes.

Topic: Seed and Plant Biochemistry
Subfield: Food Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Rights of the body and perversions of war: sexual rights and wrongs ten years past Beijing<sup>*</sup>

The Beijing Platform for Action (1995) and its companion documents – those of the Vienna Conference on Human Rights (1993) and the International Conference on Population and Development (1994) – took important steps toward securing recognition for what we might call human rights of the body. These are affirmative rights relating to sexual expression, reproductive choice and access to health care and negative rights pertaining to freedom from violence, torture and abuse. But ten years later, the violated male bodies of Abu Ghraib, Guantánamo, and Gujarat seem to mock certain of Beijing's most basic premises: that women are primarily the victims rather than the perpetrators of bodily abuses; and that, as such, women are, or should be, the privileged beneficiaries of bodily integrity rights. This paper re‐examines these premises in the shadow of the “war on terrorism”, religious extremism, and practices of racialised, sexual, and often homophobic violence against men that emerge in wars and ethnic conflicts. In particular it looks at the war in Iraq and how that war configures such practices in both old and new ways. My purpose is not to repudiate feminist visions but rather to challenge the exclusive privileging of women as the bearers of sexual rights and to open up discussion of new, more inclusive coalitions of diverse social movements for rights of the body.

Topic: Gender, Security, and Conflict
Subfield: Gender Studies
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Extra-Curricular Exposures AS Factors Influencing The Development Of Proficiency In English

The study reported here aims to investigate the relation between the level of proficiency in English as a second language attained by a sample of 100 Bahraini university students and exposures to the language: extra-curricular exposures outside the formal environment of the classroom.The results demonstrate no significant association between extra exposure and proficiency for the sample.In this report, I first discuss the results and then present an analysis and interpretation of the statistical findings.I conclude by considering the pedagogic implications of the findings for the studied group and the theoretical implications for Krashen's Comprehensible Input Hypothesis.

Topic: Second Language Learning and Teaching
Subfield: Literature and Literary Theory
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Modeling and Control of a Three-Phase Interleaved Buck Converter as a Battery Charger

In this paper, a control design methodology is proposed for the implementation of a three-phase interleaved buck converter as a battery charger. The control strategy consists of a multiple-loop controller in cascade configuration to implement the constant-current constant-voltage (CC-CV) protocol for the fast charging of an electric vehicle (EV) battery. To compensate for the inherent asymmetric distribution of the current between the phases, the first control loop (inner loop) is dedicated to implement the democratic current sharing technique, while the two outer loops constitute a seamless controller, which allows a soft transition from CC mode to CV mode when charging the battery. The controllers are designed using the root locus method and conventional rules for cascade controllers. The design methodology is validated and tested by numerical simulations of the switched model system implemented in PSIM&#x00A9; software. The obtained results put in evidence a robust performance in front of input voltage and load variations, failure conditions and other parametric uncertainties. A 1.5 kW experimental prototype is implemented to charge a battery of 48 V from a 100 V DC input voltage and to validate the theoretical predictions and the simulation results. The proposal opens the way for subsequent research in ultrafast charging of batteries.

Topic: Advanced DC-DC Converters
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Choline-Based Ionic Liquids-Enhanced Biodegradation of Azo Dyes

Industrial wastewaters such as tannery and textile processing effluents are often characterized by a high content of dissolved organic dyes, resulting in large values of chemical and biological oxygen demand (COD and BOD) in the aquatic systems into which they are discharged. Such wastewater streams are of rapidly growing concern as a major environmental issue in developing countries. Hence there is a need to mitigate this challenge by effective approaches to degrade dye-contaminated wastewater. In this study, several choline-based salts originally developed for use as biocompatible hydrated ionic liquids (i.e., choline sacchrinate (CS), choline dihydrogen phosphate (CDP), choline lactate (CL), and choline tartarate (CT)) have been successfully employed as the cosubstrate with S. lentus in the biodegradation of an azo dye in aqueous solution. We also demonstrate that the azo dye has been degraded to less toxic components coupled with low biomass formation.

Topic: Enzyme-mediated dye degradation
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Polymorphism in CD33 and CD34 genes: a source of minor histocompatibility antigens on haemopoietic progenitor cells?

Following bone marrow stem cell transplantation allo‐responses against haemopoietic progenitor cells (HPC), causing graft rejection and graft‐versus‐leukaemia effects, can be induced by donor T cells recognizing peptides derived from polymorphic endogenous proteins present in HPC. Since CD33 and CD34 are both expressed on HPC, we looked for genetic polymorphisms that might be the source of minor histocompatibility antigens (mHA) on such cells. Bone marrow from 14 donors and their HLA‐identical recipients undergoing BMT for haematological malignancies were studied. Using non‐radioactive single‐strand conformation polymorphism analysis (cold SSCP) of complementary DNA encoding CD33 and CD34, three DNA polymorphisms, two in CD33 and one in CD34 were found and sequenced. Two were in non‐coding regions, but in CD33, ATA or ATG at codon 183 resulted in an Ile or Met in the protein sequence. Nonapeptides derived from both alleles were predicted to bind to HLA A68.1. Thus two alleles of CD33 protein exist that could be mHA. With an alternate allele frequency of &lt; 10%, allo‐responses against CD33 would be uncommon after marrow transplantation. However, donors homozygous for this allele could be used to generate cytotoxic T cells against the frequent CD33 allele, for adoptive therapy of leukaemia.

Topic: Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
Subfield: Immunology
Field: Immunology and Microbiology
Domain: Life Sciences
Obstructive sleep apnea is a determinant of asthma control independent of smoking, reflux, and rhinitis

Background: Asthma control is defined as to what extent manifestations of asthma can be observed in a patient or have been reduced or removed by treatment. Regular use of asthma treatments, correct inhaler technique, adequate information provided about the patient's diseases and medicines, and patient‐clinician collaboration aid asthma control. Asthma shares risk factors and links in the pathogenesis with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), and OSA may aggravate asthma symptoms. Objective: To assess the risk of OSA for asthma control. Methods: The study was carried out in subjects with asthma who were followed up at specific time points and who used asthma medication regularly and with an appropriate inhaler technique. An asthma control test and a questionnaire were used to determine the asthma control levels and OSA risk of the subjects. Results: With regard to the questionnaire scoring, 77 of 137 subjects with asthma had a low OSA risk and 60 had a high OSA risk. The proportion of the subjects with a high OSA risk (p &lt; 0.001) and were smokers (p = 0.020) were significantly higher in the subjects with uncontrolled asthma than in those with controlled asthma. Logistic regression analysis showed that the variables that affect asthma control status were the risk of OSA and obesity. The subjects with a low OSA risk were more likely to have controlled asthma than those with a high OSA risk (odds ratio 7.896 [95% confidence interval, 2.902‐21.487]; p &lt; 0.001). Conclusion: In the subjects with asthma and who adhered to therapy and used inhalers with the correct technique, a high risk of OSA was associated with poor control of their asthma. This association was independent of other factors, including rhinitis, gastroesophageal reflux, and smoking.

Topic: Obstructive Sleep Apnea Research
Subfield: Physiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Successful mechanical thrombectomy using a combined technique for internal carotid artery occlusion with persistent primitive trigeminal artery

Background: The prevalence of persistent primitive trigeminal artery (PPTA) has been reported to be 0.1–0.6%. We report the successful recanalization of internal carotid artery (ICA) without embolization to new vascular territory (ENT) using a combined technique in a case of ICA occlusion with PPTA. Case Description: A 65-year-old female presented with sudden consciousness disorder. The Glasgow Coma Scale score was 7 (E1, V1, M5) and National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score was 28. Magnetic resonance diffusion-weighted imaging showed areas of high signal intensity in the left frontal lobe, parietal lobe, insular cortex, and corona radiata. Magnetic resonance angiography showed occlusion of the left ICA distal to a PPTA. We performed mechanical thrombectomy (MT) using a combined technique with a balloon guide catheter (BGC), aspiration catheter, and stent retriever and achieved complete recanalization without ENT. The patient experienced a good postoperative recovery course. At 6 months, her Modified Rankin Scale score was 2. Conclusion: MT using a combined technique with BGC would be useful to prevent embolization to the posterior circulation through the PPTA in cases of ICA occlusion with PPTA.

Topic: Acute Ischemic Stroke Management
Subfield: Epidemiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Legal framework of the Islamic banking in the United Kingdom and the Republic of Ireland

The thesis explores the Islamic banking concept in the legal framework of the United Kingdom and the Republic of Ireland. The main objective is to focus on the legal and regulatory aspects of Islamic banking and finance in the United Kingdom, and the Republic of Ireland. As Islamic banking has entered the market with conventional banking in the United Kingdom and the Republic of Ireland, both countries have legal rules and regulation to control Islamic banking and financial transaction.

Topic: Islamic Finance and Banking Studies
Subfield: Accounting
Field: Business, Management and Accounting
Domain: Social Sciences
Operations on totally weighted graphs

The investigation and study of different operations on graphs leads many interesting results in various branches of science and technology. The operations of union, join, corona, Cartesian product and strong product in totally weighted graphs are introduced in this article. The types of edges in the resultant graphs are studied and strong connectivity indices of totally weighted graphs through these graph operations are discussed here. Weighted graph operations are relevant, as many complicated networks can be obtained through the operations of basic types of networks.

Topic: Advanced Graph Theory Research
Subfield: Computational Theory and Mathematics
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Osteogenic Sarcoma with Epithelial Differentiation

AbstractThis case report details an osteogenic sarcoma arising in a vertebra in which cytokeratin intermediate filaments were detected immunohistochemically with three different antibodies. This feature was present not only in the primary neoplasm but also in two local recurrences and a metastasis to the iliac bone. What is unique about this primary bone tumor, however, is the structural evidence for epithelial differentiation. Ultrastructurally, wellformed desmosomes and tonofilaments were present in all four surgically resected specimens. This tumor expands the list of soft tissue and bone tumors in which anomalous expression of intermediate filaments can occur but, more important, illustrates that changes in genetic expression of neoplasia of mesenchymal origin can result in paradoxic epithelial differentiation.Key Words: bone tumorcytokeratinimmunocytochemistrysarcomaultrastructure

Topic: Sarcoma Diagnosis and Treatment
Subfield: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Innovation management in the construction industry based on an ontological model

Aim. The presented study develops an ontological model of innovation from the industrial perspective (through the example of the construction industry) reflecting the relationship between innovation and the goals of their implementation and management objects, which would ensure the optimization of the innovation management system in the long term and facilitate the introduction of a quality assessment and selection system for more efficient operation of organizations. Tasks. The authors analyze the existing terminology and types of innovations at construction enterprises; classify the objects of innovation management; develop an ontological model of innovation at construction enterprises in the form of a directed graph. Methods. This study is based on the theory of innovation management, elements of system analysis, practical foundations of the organizational life cycle, and graph theory. Results. The obtained results can be used both in building an innovation management model at construction enterprises and in applying the methodology for assessing the quality of innovation. The relationship between management goals, implemented innovations, and management objects is determined and presented in the form of an ontological model. Conclusions. Development of an ontological model makes it possible not only to determine the relationship between various elements of economic, scientific, technical, and innovation activities of a construction company, but also to develop approaches to assessing their quality and building an innovation management system. Further research should focus on the aspects of innovation implementation at construction enterprises, its technological features, and processes that can be transformed for the successful implementation of these innovations.

Topic: Educational Methods and Teacher Development
Subfield: Information Systems
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Ensuring volunteer impacts, legacy and leveraging is not “fake news”

Purpose This study aims to explore the legacy potential of the FIFA Women’s World Cup (FWWC) 2015, for the host communities across Canada. Design/methodology/approach The mixed-methods study included a link to an online anonymous survey being sent to all volunteers at the FWWC that explored their prior volunteering experience, motivations for volunteering, perceived skill development and future volunteering intentions. Documents were reviewed, and key stakeholders were interviewed. Findings The results support previous research that mega-sport event (MSE) volunteers are typically older females with prior volunteering experience. Those most likely to indicate they wanted to volunteer more are younger volunteers without prior volunteering experience. While legacy was discussed as a desired outcome, this was not operationalised through strategic human resource strategies such as being imbedded in the position descriptions for the volunteer managers. Research limitations/implications As this study was conducted in the real-world context of a sport event, the timing of the survey was determined by the organising committee. Practical implications Mega sport events typically draw upon existing host-city social and human capital. For future event organising committees planning for and delivering a volunteer legacy may require better strategic planning and leveraging relationships with existing host-city volunteer networks. In the context of a single sport, women’s MSE, multi-venue, multi-province event, greater connection was required to proactively connect younger women for volunteers to their geographic sport and event volunteering infrastructure. Originality/value This is the first research of volunteers for the largest women’s mega single-sport event. There are three theoretical contributions of the paper to: the socio-ecological lens, motivational theory of single event MSE and the contribution of social and human capital to understandings of legacy.

Topic: Sport and Mega-Event Impacts
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Fecal intestinal alkaline phosphatase in coeliac disease.

The intestinal alkaline phosphatase (I-AP) in feces was investigated in 16 patients with adult coeliac disease and 2 patients with gluten-sensitive enteropathy in dermatitis herpetiformis using an immunoprecipitation method. The mean concentration of I-AP activity in feces was reduced by 76% in patients with coeliac disease in comparison to normal controls (11.5 : 47.5 U/g). Patients with total villous atrophy (mean = 5.3 U/g) demonstrated a lower activity than patients with partial villous atrophy (mean = 14.3 U/g). Follow-up studies showed stable fecal I-AP-activities in symptom-free patients, whereas patients with relapses were characterized by fluctuating activities. The administration of a single oral dose of 31 g gluten is followed by a fecal I-AP-excretion pattern similar to toxic damage of the small bowel mucosa.

Topic: Celiac Disease Research and Management
Subfield: Gastroenterology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences