jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
CCDC 988578: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.

Topic: Crystallization and Solubility Studies
Subfield: Materials Chemistry
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Growth and Physiological Characteristics of Rice Seedlings Raised with Long Mat by Hydroponics: —Comparison with young seedlings raised in soil—

Growth and physiological characteristics of rice seedlings raised with long mat by hydroponics (SLH) were compared with those of young seedlings raised in soil (YSS). When SLH and YSS were raised under the similar environmental conditions, the dry weight of shoot in SLH was significantly lighter than that in YSS at the time of seedling harvest, whereas the shoot in SLH was as long as that in YSS. The increase of dry weight of shoot and the decrease of dry weight of grain were smaller in SLH than in YSS during the raising of seedlings. In addition, the content of soluble sugars in the grain of SLH was apparently lower than that of YSS, indicating that the supply of carbohydrates from endosperm to shoot was less in SLH than in YSS. Crop growth rate and mean leaf area index of SLH were lower than those of YSS, while net assimilation rate of SLH was similar to that of YSS. The size of leaf blades in SLH was markedly smaller than that in YSS, whereas no significant difference was observed in the rates of photosynthesis and dark respiration in leaf blades between SLH and YSS. The results suggest that the leaf growth of SLH is reduced by the insufficient supply of carbohydrates from endosperm, and this is the major cause of lower levels of dry matter production in SLH as compared with that in YSS.

Topic: Agriculture, Soil, Plant Science
Subfield: Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
The effect of supplemental irrigation and exogenous application of glycine betaine on chickpea performance in the semi-arid region

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of foliar spraying of different concentrations of glycine betaine as an osmotic regulator and supplemental irrigation under rainfed conditions on chickpea growth and yield. Material and Methods: Simultaneous effects of foliar spray of glycine betaine (0 mM: GB0, 25Mm: GB25, and 50 Mm: GB50) and different levels of irrigation (RF: rainfed or no irrigation, SI1: supplemental irrigation during flowering stage, SI2: two supplemental irrigations during flowering and podding, and FI: full irrigation) were assessed on the morphophysiological characteristics of chickpeas under field condition in the western part of Iran. Results: The effect of SI treatments on the growth was much more noticeable than GB foliar application. Utilization SI2 + GB25 significantly improved chlorophyll content, pod and seed number, hundred seed weight, and biological yield. SI1 and SI2 increased grain yield by 30% and 62%, respectively, compared to RF conditions. Conclusion: Taken together, two supplemental irrigation during flowering and podding along with foliar spray of GB25 as a reasonable management options increased seed yield and the water use efficiency.

Topic: Plant Micronutrient Interactions and Effects
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Sharing Economy in a context of pandemic propagation : Case of the COVID19

The coronavirus outbreak identified in Wuhan, China brought the majority of countries in the world under lockdown. The socioeconomic consequences will be, without doubt, severe and enormous. In this paper, we investigate the sharing approach as a strategy to help reduce the heavy toll of the pandemic. A state of the art is provided to describe the virus propagation, the rationale behind the emergence of the sharing concept as well as its impact in a pandemic context. Finally, we suggest a list of recommendations for policy makers in order to attempt the endorsement of the sharing economy to enrich existing measures that have been taken in the same respect.

Topic: Sharing Economy and Platforms
Subfield: Marketing
Field: Business, Management and Accounting
Domain: Social Sciences
A Closer Look at Unmet Needs at the End of Primary Treatment for Breast Cancer: A Longitudinal Pilot Study

This study describes the nature of unmet needs (UN) as women with breast cancer transition from "patient" to "survivor." Data are from a longitudinal study of 90 women with stage I-III breast cancer. Data were collected 2-3 weeks before, and 10 weeks after, completion of radiation. A modified Cancer Survivors' Unmet Needs (CaSUN) instrument measured UN. Most participants reported ≥1 unmet need at baseline (80.00%) and follow-up (69.31%), with UN across physical, healthcare, information, psychosocial, and survivorship domains. Total number of UN declined over time, t(87) = 3.00, p < .01. UN likely to persist from baseline to follow-up involved cancer recurrence concerns, stress management, household responsibilities, and others not acknowledging/understanding cancer. Younger women (p = .01) and those with more severe (p < .01), life-interfering (p = .01) symptoms had greater burden of UN. This study highlights the dynamics of UN in the weeks before and after primary treatment. Future studies should identify long-term consequences of persistent UN.

Topic: Cancer survivorship and care
Subfield: Oncology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Law and Politics: Rumours of the Demise of the Lord Chancellor have been Exaggerated ...

Not surprisingly, the war in Iraq and the ‘war on terror’ have set the agenda for many of the developments in law and politics during 2004. There have been major conflicts between the government and the courts on legislation intended to protect society from terrorists. There have also been major developments on the domestic front. The announcement of the demise of the office of Lord Chancellor and its replacement by a Secretary of State for Constitutional Affairs in June 2003 was proved to be premature, following pressure from the House of Lords in the autumn. However, plans for a new Supreme Court made progress after a Concordat was agreed between the government and senior members of the judiciary. Hunting again provoked much controversy, with the Hunting Bill eventually passing through use of the Parliament Acts; it promises some interesting legal challenges in 2005.

Topic: Legal principles and applications
Subfield: Law
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Variants of the human <i>PPARG</i> locus and the susceptibility to chronic periodontitis

Apart from its regulatory function in lipid and glucose metabolism, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)γ has impact on the regulation of inflammation and bone metabolism. The aim of the study was to investigate the association of five polymorphisms (rs10865710, rs2067819, rs3892175, rs1801282, rs3856806) within the PPARG gene with chronic periodontitis. The study population comprised 402 periodontitis patients and 793 healthy individuals. Genotyping of the PPARG gene polymorphisms was performed by PCR and melting curve analysis. Comparison of frequency distribution of genotypes between individuals with periodontal disease and healthy controls for the polymorphism rs3856806 showed a P-value of 0.04 but failed to reach significance after correction for multiple testing ( P &lt; 0.01). Two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (rs10865710 and rs3892175) were found to be in strong linkage disequilibrium to rs2067819 (D’ &gt; 0.90). A 3-site analysis (rs2067819-rs1801282-rs3856860) revealed five haplotypes with a frequency of ≥1% among cases and controls. Following adjustment for age, gender and smoking, none of the haplotypes was significantly different between periodontitis and healthy controls after Bonferroni correction. This study could not show a significant association between PPARG gene variants and chronic periodontitis.

Topic: Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Comparative Analysis of Repetitive Elements of Imprinting Genes Reveals Eleven Candidate Imprinting Genes in Cattle

Few studies have reported the existence of imprinted genes in cattle compared to the human and mouse.Genomic imprinting is expressed in monoallelic form and it depends on a single parent-specific form of the allele.Comparative analysis of mammals other than the human is a valuable tool for explaining the genomic basis of imprinted genes.In this study, we investigated 34 common imprinted genes in the human and mouse as well as 35 known non-imprinted genes in the human.We found short interspersed nuclear elements (SINEs), long interspersed nuclear elements (LINEs), and long terminal repeats (LTRs) in imprinted (human and mouse) and control (cattle) genes.Pair-wise comparisons for the three species were conducted using SINEs, LINEs, and LTRs.We also calculated 95% confidence intervals of frequencies of repetitive sequences for the three species.As a result, most genes had a similar interval between species.We found 11 genes with conserved SINEs, LINEs, and LTRs in the human, mouse, and cattle.In conclusion, eleven genes (CALCR, Grb10, HTR2A, KCNK9, Kcnq1, MEST, OSBPL5, PPP1R9A, Sgce, SLC22A18, and UBE3A) were identified as candidate imprinted genes in cattle.

Topic: Genetic Syndromes and Imprinting
Subfield: Genetics
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Studies on the secretion of milk fat

Research Article| July 01 1940 Studies on the secretion of milk fat: The effect of thyroxine administration on the blood lipoids and on the nature of the milk fat James Andrew Buchan Smith; James Andrew Buchan Smith 1The Hannah Dairy Research Institute, Kirkhill, Ayr Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Noshir Navroji Dastur Noshir Navroji Dastur 1The Hannah Dairy Research Institute, Kirkhill, Ayr Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem J (1940) 34 (7): 1093–1107. https://doi.org/10.1042/bj0341093 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation James Andrew Buchan Smith, Noshir Navroji Dastur; Studies on the secretion of milk fat: The effect of thyroxine administration on the blood lipoids and on the nature of the milk fat. Biochem J 1 July 1940; 34 (7): 1093–1107. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bj0341093 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Journal Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 1940 CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS1940 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.

Topic: Fatty Acid Research and Health
Subfield: Nutrition and Dietetics
Field: Nursing
Domain: Health Sciences
Lower Bounds for Identifying Codes in some Infinite Grids

An $r$-identifying code on a graph $G$ is a set $C\subset V(G)$ such that for every vertex in $V(G)$, the intersection of the radius-$r$ closed neighborhood with $C$ is nonempty and unique. On a finite graph, the density of a code is $|C|/|V(G)|$, which naturally extends to a definition of density in certain infinite graphs which are locally finite. We present new lower bounds for densities of codes for some small values of $r$ in both the square and hexagonal grids.

Topic: Interconnection Networks and Systems
Subfield: Computer Networks and Communications
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Bag3+ P209L Transgene Provides a Cardiac-Specific Murine Model of Nonischemic Cardiomyopathy

Quintana, Megan T. MD; Willis, Monte S. MD, PhD; Stansfield, William E. MD, FACS Author Information

Topic: Cardiomyopathy and Myosin Studies
Subfield: Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Imine Amidation Catalyzed by a Chiral VAPOL Calcium Phosphate

Over the last 16 years, chiral phosphoric acids (CPAs) have been shown to be excellent asymmetric catalysts, very effectively used in constructing chiral molecules with high enantiocontrol. In 2010, Ishihara et al. discovered that chiral metal phosphate complexes (or salts) could be found in substantial quantities, as contaminates, in some reported CPA-catalyzed reactions (Hatano, M.; Moriyama, K.; Maki, T.; Ishihara, K. <i>Angew. Chem., Int. Ed.</i> 2010, 49, 3823-3826). These metal phosphates were shown to actually catalyze the reactions in addition to CPAs. In this work, we have investigated in depth a reaction first reported to be catalyzed by CPAs based on a vaulted bis-phenanthrol (VAPOL) backbone. We have found that VAPOL metal phosphates were, in fact, superior catalysts for this reaction. Upon optimization, a wide substrate scope, low catalyst loading, and mild conditions could provide intermolecular imine amidation reactions producing chiral <i>N</i>,<i>N</i>'-aminal products in high yields and with excellent <i>ee</i> values (up to >99% yield, >99% <i>ee</i>).

Topic: Chemical Synthesis and Analysis
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Managing Generative AI Innovation: The Impact of Proactive Personality and LMX on Work Outcomes

This study uses leader-member exchange (LMX) theory to examine the interplay between proactive personality, LMX, generative AI innovation (GenAI innovation), and affective employee perceptions. Data collected from 378 working adults were tested with mediated-moderation analyses to examine the extent to which the relationship between proactive personality and employee perceptions varied as a function of LMX while working through GenAI innovation. The results indicated that LMX positively moderated (i.e., strengthened) the relationship between proactive personality and GenAI innovation. Furthermore, GenAI innovation mediated the relationship between the interaction (i.e., proactive personality X LMX) and three affective perceptions, namely organizational commitment, job satisfaction, and turnover intentions. Support for this mediated-moderation model empirically validates the interactive influence between individual characteristics and relational factors in the organizational environment. These findings pose beneficial managerial and conceptual insights to improve organizational performance by facilitating innovation and retaining engaged employees.

Topic: Job Satisfaction and Organizational Behavior
Subfield: Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management
Field: Business, Management and Accounting
Domain: Social Sciences
Significance of dielectrics in space technology

The main objective of this paper is to provide a brief and necessary background of dielectrics in the field of space technology. The mobile telephone, TV, Radio, Satellite or any type of modern communication is not possible without one type of antenna or the other and no radar works without an antenna. Antenna is a sensor of electromagnetic waves. Electric and magnetic fields exist in a dielectric material and also penetrate the dielectric material freely. When an electromagnetic wave is incident normally on the surface of a dielectric, reflection and transmission takes place. In this investigation, dielectric polarization studies were made in the liquid dielectric mixtures Epichlorohydrin, p-cresol in benzene using standard methods at 308K.The values of dielectric constant, refractive index and density were measured at different concentrations. The dipolar increment value has been calculated using Huyskens method based on Onsager's theory.

Topic: Scientific Measurement and Uncertainty Evaluation
Subfield: Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty
Field: Decision Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Mortgagees and receivers exercising powers of sale – An English and Australian comparative analysis

Abstract For many years, the English and Australian courts have been at odds in their respective treatment of the obligations imposed on mortgagees and receivers when exercising powers of sale. Indeed, a Full Court of the Federal Court of Australia has recently confirmed that the more onerous test under English law, as enunciated in Cuckmere Brick , 1 does not reflect the current general law in Australia. 2 This paper examines the current state of the law in England and Australia and argues that the widely held belief that mortgagees and receivers in Australia are under a lesser duty than their English counterparts is largely misconceived. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.

Topic: Legal principles and applications
Subfield: Law
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Systematic Security Guideline Framework through Intelligently Automated Vulnerability Analysis

This research aims to propose a practical framework designed for the automatic analysis of a product's comprehensive functionality and security vulnerabilities, generating applicable guidelines based on real-world software. The existing analysis of software security vulnerabilities often focuses on specific features or modules. This partial and arbitrary analysis of the security vulnerabilities makes it challenging to comprehend the overall security vulnerabilities of the software. The key novelty lies in overcoming the constraints of partial approaches. The proposed framework utilizes data from various sources to create a comprehensive functionality profile, facilitating the derivation of real-world security guidelines. Security guidelines are dynamically generated by associating functional security vulnerabilities with the latest Common Vulnerabilities and Exposure (CVE) and Common Vulnerability Scoring System (CVSS) scores, resulting in automated guidelines tailored to each product. These guidelines are not only practical but also applicable in real-world software, allowing for prioritized security responses. The proposed framework is applied to virtual private network (VPN) software, wherein a validated Level 2 data flow diagram is generated using the Spoofing, Tampering, Repudiation, Information Disclosure, Denial of Service, and Elevation of privilege (STRIDE) technique with references to various papers and examples from related software. The analysis resulted in the identification of a total of 121 vulnerabilities. The successful implementation and validation demonstrate the framework's efficacy in generating customized guidelines for entire systems, subsystems, and selected modules.

Topic: Information and Cyber Security
Subfield: Information Systems
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Studies on the breeding of housefly : (1) Relation between the state of medium and the breeding of housefly

イエバエ幼虫の培地として用いている配合飼料を, 温度, 期間, 処理ポットを開放または密閉するなど種々の条件で処理し, これら培地からイエバエの発生状態を観察し, さらに, 処理培地の性状として総窒素, pH, 滴定酸度を測定することによつて, 培地の性状とイエバエの発生について検討した.(1) 処理培地からのイエバエの発生状態は処理条件によつて異なり, とくに温度による影響が大きかつた.10℃の比較的低い温度で処理された培地は, 処理期間および処理状態の如何にかかわらず, イエバエはほとんど対照とかわりなく発生した.30℃で開放状態で処理した培地でも, 対照と大差なかつたが, 30℃で密閉した培地では, イエバエの発生が極度に抑制された.そして, 50℃で処理した培地は, 開放, 密閉ともイエバエの発育には不適となり, 密閉の場合はとくにこの傾向が強かつた.(2) 処理培地の性状を総窒素, pH, 滴定酸度の測定によつてみると, 総窒素は処理条件の如何を問わず, 大差なく, 処理期間が延長するにつれて, いくらか高くなる傾向がみられた.pHおよび滴定酸度は処理条件により大きく変化し, とくに30℃の密閉処理および50℃処理の場合には, pHはかなり酸性となり, これに比例して滴定酸度もきわめて上昇した.(3) 処理培地からのイエバエの発生状態は, 培地の性状と関連があるようであつた.培地のpHが酸性になるとこれにほぼ比例して滴定酸度は上昇するが, さらにこれとともにイエバエの羽化率が低下した.そして, pH5.5, 滴定酸度100ぐらいのところがイエバエの発生限界ではないかと考えられた.

Topic: Animal and Plant Science Education
Subfield: Social Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Possibility of Shear Type Fracture in Viscoplastic Material under Confining Pressures

Transition from opening‐mode wing crack growth to shear type fracture has been investigated by conducting triaxial compression tests under confining pressures, using epoxy resin cylindrical specimens. The epoxy resin used exhibited viscoplastic deformation characteristics under confining pressures, which is expected to simulate the nonlinear deformation observed commonly for rocks at great depths and to provide useful insight in understanding of the fracture transition in rocks. Under the range of confining pressures, 10 MPa–30 MPa, an array of opening‐mode wing cracks were initiated from a preexisting inclined penny‐shaped crack, as the axial stress was increased. Only the extension of a wing crack was observed to take place under no confining pressure condition. It was shown that the growth of the wing cracks were suppressed when higher confining pressures were applied and shear type fracture consisting of several wing cracks was induced as the deformation progressed. The experimental observation suggests the possibility of occurrence of shear type fracture in such a homogeneous material under higher confining pressures, and the mechanical interaction between cracks plays a crucial role in the generation of shear type fracture rather than the inhomogeneity of rocks.

Topic: Rock Mechanics and Modeling
Subfield: Mechanics of Materials
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Sampling of Stochastic Differential Equations using the Karhunen-Loève Expansion and Matrix Functions

We consider linearizations of stochastic differential equations with additive noise using the Karhunen-Loève expansion. We obtain our linearizations by truncating the expansion and writing the solution as a series of matrix-vector products using the theory of matrix functions. Moreover, we restate the solution as the solution of a system of linear differential equations. We obtain strong and weak error bounds for the truncation procedure and show that, under suitable conditions, the mean square error has order of convergence $\mathcal{O}(\frac{1}{m})$ and the second moment has a weak order of convergence $\mathcal{O}(\frac{1}{m})$, where $m$ denotes the size of the expansion. We also discuss efficient numerical linear algebraic techniques to approximate the series of matrix functions and the linearized system of differential equations. These theoretical results are supported by experiments showing the effectiveness of our algorithms when compared to standard methods such as the Euler-Maruyama scheme.

Topic: Stochastic processes and financial applications
Subfield: Finance
Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance
Domain: Social Sciences