jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
[Great differences in health behavior among high school students. A 5-year follow-up of annual questionnaires among students in different school programs].

The school health authority in the municipality of Kramfors performs an annual questionnaire among first-year high school students, which concerns their perceptions about health, wellbeing and the use of alcohol and tobacco. This study covers the period 1995-2000. Psychosomatic complaints and depressive feelings were twice as common among girls. A higher rate of girls and boys in preparatory practical programs were regular users of tobacco and alcohol, were not having breakfast regularly and were practising physical training more seldom compared to girls and boys in more theoretical programs. Bullying was more frequent among boys, especially those from practical programs. In consequence, the school health institutions should emphasise support for exposed groups. A local questionnaire can be a useful tool for identifying such groups and for monitoring health behaviour and health experiences among students as a whole.

Topic: School Health and Nursing Education
Subfield: Speech and Hearing
Field: Health Professions
Domain: Health Sciences
CCDC 834637: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.

Topic: Crystallization and Solubility Studies
Subfield: Materials Chemistry
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
The NC Machining Post-Processing Technology Based on UG

Post-processing technology is the key to CNC automatic programming technology and an important module of the CAD / CAM system. Post-processing technology converts the NC program that is produced by the CNC automatic programming tool into the file that can be identified by CNC system. Moreover, the generated tool path files must match with the CNC system. Post-processing techniques and UG software are briefly introduced. Using them, a post-processor for FANUC CNC systems is created. The program that generated by the special processor is contrasted with the general processor. The results illustrat that using the dedicated post-processor in engineering applications can improve programming efficiency and processing reliability.

Topic: Manufacturing Process and Optimization
Subfield: Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Effect of Aging Time and Retail Displaying Period with a Short-Term Temperature Abuse on Color Stability of Two Beef Muscles

Meat color and tenderness are two most important quality factors affecting consumers’ decision on meat purchasing. Post-mortem meat aging has been widely practiced to improve palatability attributes, but could be adversely related to meat color. In particular, temperature abuse during aging or retail display can negatively affect the color stability of aged meat. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of aging time and short-term temperature abuse during display on color stability of two beef muscles (M. longissimus dorsi, LD and semitendinosus, ST). LD and ST muscles were separated from three beef carcasses, vacuum-packaged and assigned into 4 different aging times (7, 14, 21 and 28 days) at 2ºC. After each assigned aging, each sample was cut into a steak, overwrap packaged with PVC film on a tray, and displayed for 7 days at 2ºC under light. At 4 d display, temperature abuse on displayed muscles was performed by placing packages at 10ºC for 45 min and 20ºC for 15 min (total 1h). Beef aged for 21 and 28d were more sensitive to discoloration induced by temperature abuse. Between two different muscles, ST was rapidly discolored compared to LD. Myoglobin content, non-heme iron content, ferric ion reducing capacity, and lipid oxidation of the steaks after display were determined. Non-heme iron content, ferric ion reducing capacity and lipid oxidation were increasing as the aging time increased. These findings suggest that longer aged beef is more susceptible to discoloration under the temperature abused condition due to reduced antioxidant properties.

Topic: Meat and Animal Product Quality
Subfield: Animal Science and Zoology
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
HCC-Related lncRNAs: Roles and Mechanisms

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) presents a significant global health threat, particularly in regions endemic to hepatitis B and C viruses, and because of the ongoing pandemic of obesity causing metabolic-dysfunction-related fatty liver disease (MAFLD), a precursor to HCC. The molecular intricacies of HCC, genetic and epigenetic alterations, and dysregulated signaling pathways facilitate personalized treatment strategies based on molecular profiling. Epigenetic regulation, encompassing DNA methyltion, histone modifications, and noncoding RNAs, functions as a critical layer influencing HCC development. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are spotlighted for their diverse roles in gene regulation and their potential as diagnostic and therapeutic tools in cancer. In this review, we explore the pivotal role of lncRNAs in HCC, including MAFLD and viral hepatitis, the most prevalent risk factors for hepatocarcinogenesis. The dysregulation of lncRNAs is implicated in HCC progression by modulating chromatin regulation and transcription, sponging miRNAs, and influencing structural functions. The ongoing studies on lncRNAs contribute to a deeper comprehension of HCC pathogenesis and offer promising routes for precision medicine, highlighting the utility of lncRNAs as early biomarkers, prognostic indicators, and therapeutic targets.

Topic: Cancer-related molecular mechanisms research
Subfield: Cancer Research
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Repeated Intracerebroventricular Administration of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1-(7–36) Amide or Exendin-(9–39) Alters Body Weight in the Rat**This work was supported by the United Kingdom Medical Research Council.

Abstract Central nervous system glucagon-like peptide-1-(7–36) amide (GLP-1) administration has been reported to acutely reduce food intake in the rat. We here report that repeated intracerebroventricular (icv) injection of GLP-1 or the GLP-1 receptor antagonist, exendin-(9–39), affects food intake and body weight. Daily icv injection of 3 nmol GLP-1 to schedule-fed rats for 6 days caused a reduction in food intake and a decrease in body weight of 16 ± 5 g (P &amp;lt; 0.02 compared with saline-injected controls). Daily icv administration of 30 nmol exendin-(9–39) to schedule-fed rats for 3 days caused an increase in food intake and increased body weight by 7 ± 2 g (P &amp;lt; 0.02 compared with saline-injected controls). Twice daily icv injections of 30 nmol exendin-(9–39) with 2.4 nmol neuropeptide Y to ad libitum-fed rats for 8 days increased food intake and increased body weight by 28 ± 4 g compared with 14 ± 3 g in neuropeptide Y-injected controls (P &amp;lt; 0.02). There was no evidence of tachyphylaxis in response to icv GLP-1 or exendin-(9–39). GLP-1 may thus be involved in the regulation of body weight in the rat.

Topic: Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
Subfield: Endocrine and Autonomic Systems
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences
The value of an operative wound swab sent in transport medium in the prediction of later clinical wound infection: A controlled clinical and bacteriological evaluation

Abstract Operative wound swabs taken at 214 transperitoneal operations were examined during the course of three controlled clinical trails to determine the value of transport medium in the carriage of specimens. The use of Stuart's transport medium more than doubled the number of swabs yielding pathogens in the laboratory compared with a control series of duplicate swabs not sent in transport medium. Anaerobes were even more severely affected than aerobes by ‘dry’ carriage. A polyester foam swab was shown to have no advantage over the standard cottonwool variety. Bacteriological swabs from superficial wound fat were shown to be superfluous if a peritoneal wound swab had already been taken. We suggest that operative abdominal wound swabs should not be accepted for processing by a microbiological laboratory unless sent in transport medium. Wound infection, assessed on the fifth postoperative day, was shown to be related to the result of operative swab culture only when the swab was sent in transport medium. When the operative culture was negative at 48 h, only 1 per cent later became infected. When the operative swabs grew obligate anaerobes alone, 13 per cent became infected–aerobes alone, 23 per cent, and mixed aerobes plus anaerobes, 71 per cent. The growth of mixed aerobes plus anaerobes from the operative swab was a far superior predictive factor for later infection than the degree of operative contamination or the type of operation, and provided a simple, rapid means of identifying a subgroup of patients at high risk (71 per cent) of developing infection who might benefit from planned antibiotic therapy.

Topic: Surgical site infection prevention
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Temporal Distribution of Harvested Mid-Continent Sandhill Craneswithin the Central Flyway states during the 1997-2001 Hunting Seasons

Since 1975, annual harvest estimates for Mid-Continent sandhill cranes (Grus canadensis) have been collected in all states for which a hunting season has been authorized by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (Service). Although these data have been used to monitor the harvest of the Mid-Continent population, analyses to promote understanding of the temporal distribution of harvested sandhill cranes by individual states throughout the Central Flyway have not been conducted. For the 1997-2001 hunting seasons, we collected harvest questionnaires from 4,408 hunters in the Central Flyway who provided information about the date, location, and number of harvested sandhill cranes on 12,639 hunt days. We calculated the number of cranes harvested on each date over the 5-year period to identify the temporal distribution of crane harvest throughout the flyway and by state. The greatest proportion of hunt days occurred in North Dakota (37%), Texas (27%), and Kansas (17%), with the remaining proportion (19%) occurring in 6 other Central Flyway states. North Dakota, Texas, and Kansas hunters also harvested the greatest number of cranes, comprising nearly 84% of the harvest and providing the richest data sets for analyses. We fit models to these data to assess the potential changes to harvest that may occur if federal framework dates were more restrictive, and possible harvest impacts that might result by reducing the number of hunt days available (i.e. season lengths) by weekly segments. Results from these analyses may provide an additional tool for harvest managers to consider in the event that changes in levels of harvest on this population are warranted in the future. ProcEEDINGS of thE North AmErIcAN crANE WorkShoP 10:50–57

Topic: Fish Ecology and Management Studies
Subfield: Nature and Landscape Conservation
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Nature's Apportionment and the Open Market: A Promising Solution to the Arab-Israeli Water Conflict

ABSTRACT The populations and consumption levels of countries throughout the Middle East are steadily increasing and, correspondingly, their water demands. Water resources available to most of these countries remain more or less the same, if not being reduced by abusive utilization or pollution. Many now speculate that the region's next war will be fought over water Today's international legislative structure is incapable of solving complex water disputes such as that of the Middle East. However principles of international legitimacy provide the basis for solutions. This paper presents a pragmatic, practical, and dispassionate formula compatible with the principles of international law and legitimacy for dealing with international water resources allocation problems. The presented formula is built around resolving the Middle East's water conflict according to natural apportionment of resources and the open market approach.

Topic: Transboundary Water Resource Management
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
MicroRNA‑138‑5p drives the progression of heart failure via inhibiting sirtuin 1 signaling

The present study aimed to investigate the regulatory effects of microRNA‑138‑5p (miR‑138‑5p) and sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) on the progression of heart failure (HF). The binding association between miR‑138‑5p and SIRT1 was assessed by the dual‑luciferase reporter assay. By conducting reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting, relative levels of SIRT1 and p53 regulated by miR‑138‑5p were detected. <i>In vitro</i> HF models were generated by hydrogen peroxide (H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>) induction in AC‑16 and human cardiomyocyte (HCM) cells, followed by detection of the regulatory effects of SIRT1 on cell apoptosis and p53 expression. MiR‑138‑5p was negatively correlated with the SIRT1 level in cardiomyocytes. By recognizing and specifically targeting SIRT1 3'‑untranslated region (3'‑UTR), miR‑138‑5p decreased the translational level of SIRT1 and inhibited its enzyme activity, thereby decreasing the deacetylation level of p53. Through downregulating SIRT1 and activating p53 signaling, miR‑138‑5p induced apoptosis in H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>‑induced AC‑16 and HCM cells. By contrast, knockdown of miR‑138‑5p in the <i>in vitro</i> HF models significantly protected the cardiomyocytes. SIRT1 contributed toward alleviate HF by inhibiting cardiomyocyte apoptosis via enhancing the deacetylation level of p53. MiR‑138‑5p decreases the enzyme activity of SIRT1 by specifically targeting its 3'‑UTR and activates p53 signaling, followed by triggering cardiomyocyte apoptosis during the process of HF. It is considered that miR‑138‑5p and SIRT1 may be potential diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for HF.

Topic: Sirtuins and Resveratrol in Medicine
Subfield: Geriatrics and Gerontology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
PERILAKU MASYARAKAT TERHADAP PENYIMPANAN ARSIP KELUARGA

The family is the first organization where a person socializes and gets education. In one family creates an archive of everyone in the family. The archives produced in a family are important documents in the phase of human life, ranging from marriage certificates, birth certificates, family cards, and other documents. Maintenance of archival documents in a family is an important thing that must be done, to maintain the integrity of the documents and information contained therein. In rural communities, the management and maintenance of family records is still very minimal in information, so it is not uncommon for family records to be neglected and lost, due to the lack of awareness of family members to maintain their archives. The focus of the research in this study is to look at how to manage digital-based family records and the factors that influence the management of digital-based family records. The method used in this research is a case study. Data were obtained from surveys and literature studies. The results of this study can be seen that people in Indonesia are not fully aware of backing up data from their family archives to anticipate the risk of loss or damage to archives.

Topic: Islamic Finance and Communication
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
RARE-05. PRIMARY CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM LYMPHOMA IN IMMUNOCOMPROMISED HOSTS – A SINGLE INSTITUTION RETROSPECTIVE STUDY (2002-2017)

BACKGROUND: Congenital or acquired immunodeficiency is a major risk factor for primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL), but studies rarely focus on disease in immunocompromised hosts. We aimed to define clinical and imaging features and determine prognostic factors for PCNSL in the immunocompromised host. METHODS: All 120 biopsy confirmed PCNSL cases seen at Yale-New Haven Hospital between 2002 and 2017 were retrospectively screened for primary or acquired immunodeficiency. Biopsies were again reviewed by a single pathologist and clinical, imaging, other diagnostic data, treatment and outcome data were reviewed. Predictors of survival were identified using Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and log-rank test (GraphPad Prism software). P values < 0.05 were considered significant. RESULTS: Twenty-three patients with acquired immunodeficiencies were included: eleven with central nervous system post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder (CNS PTLD), seven with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, and five patients with long term immunosuppressive treatment due to various autoimmune disorders (AID). All subgroups shared distinct clinical features that distinguished them from PCNSL in the immunocompetent host: they were largely Epstein-Barr-Virus (EBV) positive (PTLD: 91%, HIV: 71%, AID: 60%), histologically classified as diffuse large B-cell lymphomas (PTLD: 73%, HIV: 100%, AID: 80%) and showed peripheral enhancement on MRI (PTLD: 73%, HIV: 71%, AID: 60%). Overall median survival was 31 months (PTLD: 16 months, HIV: 26 months, AID: 98 months). Age over 60 years at pathological diagnosis was identified as a negative prognostic factor (p < 0.01). Patients with peripheral enhancement on MRI also showed significantly shorter overall survival (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: PCNSL in immunocompromised hosts presents with similar clinical and imaging features suggesting a common EBV driven pathogenesis. Differences in survival may reflect severity of comorbidities. Age over 60 years and ring enhancement on MRI may serve as predictors of less favorable outcome.

Topic: CNS Lymphoma Diagnosis and Treatment
Subfield: Neurology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Why Women Kill

Traditional homicide indicators are based on male violence--and do little to predict when, or whom, women will kill. Vickie Jensen shows that gender equality plays an important role in predicting female homicide patterns. Jensen's analysis of the occurrence of women's homicide reveals that lethal violence is most likely when severe gender inequalities exist in the family group. Her conclusions establish the clear relationship between political, economic, legal, and social equality for women and the reduction of all forms of domestic violence.

Topic: Homicide, Infanticide, and Child Abuse
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Molecular Genetic Markers as a Basis for Personalized Medicine / MOLEKULARNO-GENETIČKI MARKERI KAO OSNOV ZA PERSONALIZOVANU MEDICINU

Summary Nowadays, genetics and genomics are fully integrated into medical practice. Personalized medicine, also called genome-based medicine, uses the knowledge of the genetic basis of disease to individualize treatment for each patient. A number of genetic variants, molecular genetic markers, are already in use in medical practice for the diagnosis, prognosis and follow-up of diseases (monogenic hereditary disorders, fusion genes and rearrangements in pediatric and adult leukemia) and presymptomatic risk assessment (BRCA 1/2 for breast cancer). Additionally, the application of pharmacogenomics in clinical practice has significantly contributed to the individualization of therapy in accordance with the patient’s genotype and gene expression profile. Genetic testing for several pharmacogenomic markers (TPMT, UGT1A1, CYP2C9, VKORC1) is mandatory or recommended prior to the initiation of therapy. The most important achievement of genome-based medicine is molecular-targeted therapy, tailored to the genetic profile of a disease. Testing for gene variants in cancer (BCR-ABL, PML/RARa, RAS, BCL-2) is part of the recommended evaluation for different cancers, in order to achieve better management of the disease. The ultimate goal of medical science is to develop gene therapy which will fight or prevent a disease by targeting the disease causing genetic defect. Gene therapy technology is rapidly developing, and has already been used with success. Although medicine has always been essentially »personal« to each patient, personalized medicine today uses modern technology and knowledge in the field of molecular genetics and genomics, enabling a level of personalization which leads to significant improvement in health care.

Topic: Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia research
Subfield: Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Evaluation of the application of MSCT volume rendering technique in lung disease

Objective To study the methodology and assess the value of 16 slice MSCT with volume rendering technique in lung disease.Methods All the diagnosed 47 cases were collected from June 2003 to April 2004, with the volume rendering technique date formed after retro-reconstructing of initial scanning data and the finding of VRT image compared with MPR image.Results The VRT image clearly showed the abnormal changes of the trachea and bronchus including trachea and bronchus incrassation, bronchiectasis, and strictness. It could be used to locate the stenoses and to measure stenostic extent. The comparisons between the images of VRT and of MPR showed the differences of characteristic.Conclusion The lung images of VRT have unique characteristics, which help better diagnosis for the air filed bronchus and infected alveolus. They provide significant imaging information for the treatment and have very important clinical diagnostic values.

Topic: Radiomics and Machine Learning in Medical Imaging
Subfield: Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Association of age at first birth and risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in women: evidence from the NHANES

<title>Abstract</title> Background Numerous studies have suggested that age at first birth (AFB) is inversely associated with metabolic diseases, but positively associated with liver cancer in women. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a canonical example of metabolic dysfunction and inflammation-based liver disease, while the association between AFB and risk of NAFLD remains unclear. We aimed to investigate the association between AFB and the odds of NAFLD in women. Methods Women older than 20 years at the time of the survey were analyzed using National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data from 1999 to 2018 in the US. AFB was obtained with self-administered questionnaires. NAFLD was diagnosed as fatty liver index ≥ 60. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated using logistic regression models. Results Of the 12,188 women included in this study, 5,670 (46.5%) had NAFLD. Compared to individuals with AFB of 30–32 years old (reference group), the fully adjusted ORs and 95% CI in women with AFB &lt; 18 years, 18–20 years, 21–23 years, and 24–26 years were 1.59 (95% CI: 1.18, 2.13), 1.58 (95% CI: 1.20, 2.08), 1.38 (95% CI: 1.04, 1.83), and 1.33 (95% CI: 1.01–1.77), respectively. Yet there was no significant difference between AFB of 27–29 years, 33–35 years, or &gt; 35 years compared with the reference group. Conclusions Women with younger AFB have higher odds of NAFLD in later life. Policymakers should consider focusing on those with earlier AFB for screening and prevention of NAFLD.

Topic: Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment
Subfield: Epidemiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences