jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Addition of alarm pheromone to insecticides and the possible improvement of the control of the western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis Pergande (Thysanoptera: Thripidae)

This study represents the first attempt to improve insecticide contact using the dodecyl acetate component of the alarm pheromone of the western flower thrips (Frankliniella occidentalis Pergande). Dodecyl acetate dissolved in ethanol was added to both fipronil and maldison and used in three spray applications (7 days apart) against field infestations of F. occidentalis on strawberries in two separate trials. Fipronil alone was highly effective against larvae and to a lesser extent against adults; however, the addition of dodecyl acetate did not significantly enhance thrips mortality. Although maldison was significantly less effective against adults and larvae, the larval mortality rate was significantly increased with the addition of dodecyl acetate. In one trial, dodecyl acetate applied on its own caused a significant reduction in larval numbers. Frequent insecticide applications are recommended for control of F. occidentalis in Australia because of the short-term effectiveness of most insecticides. This may hasten the development of insecticide resistance, which is already evident in F. occidentalis populations across the continent. Hence, either cultural methods, biological control agents or more effective chemicals need to be identified. This study has shown that there is potential for dodecyl acetate to enhance insecticide control of F occidentalis.

Topic: Insect-Plant Interactions and Control
Subfield: Insect Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
A Krasnoselskii Cone Compression Theorem for $\scr{U}_{c}^{k}$ Maps

The main purpose of this paper is to prove a generalisation of the Krasnoselskii cone compression theorem for the $\scr{U}_{c}^{k}$ maps of Park. Our analysis is elementary and relies on the fact that the unit sphere (in a cone) is a retract of the unit ball (in a cone).

Topic: Geometric Analysis and Curvature Flows
Subfield: Applied Mathematics
Field: Mathematics
Domain: Physical Sciences
Hamstring Pain - Football Player

HISTORY: An 18 year-old high school football player presented with posterior thigh pain after dead-lifting heavy weight. He reported several months of progressive aching pain and tightness in his right hamstring. When standing, he had limited forward flex at the hip without also flexing his knee. He experienced no improvement with conservative treatment. Initial physical therapy focused on hamstring stretching, eccentric hamstring loading, deep tissue massage, and self-massage with a foam roller. PHYSICAL EXAM: There was tenderness to palpation of right hamstring. Pain was also reproduced with passive range of motion of the hamstring. With the knee flexed, the patient could flex, internally rotate, and externally rotate the hip without limitation. Forward flexion of the lumbar spine was limited to 10-15 degrees with reproduction of posterior thigh pain. Also, with attempted straight leg raise, he would lift his hip to prevent flexion at the hip. Manual muscle testing revealed 5/5 strength throughout his L2-S2 myotomes. Muscle stretch reflexes were 2+/4 at the knee, medial hamstring, and ankle bilaterally. DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS: - Hamstring strain - S1 Radiculopathy - Sacroiliac joint inflammation TESTS AND RESULTS: - Posterior thigh pain was exacerbated by slump sit testing, and cervical extension provided significant symptom reduction. - His popliteal angle measured 70 degrees on the left side and 30 degrees on the right side. The pain in his hamstring worsened with cervical flexion while checking the popliteal angle. - Straight leg raising was painful at the 30 degrees on the right side, made worse with cervical flexion. - There was also tenderness to palpation over the L5-S1 paraspinal musculature. - MRI of the lower limb which was intepreted as normal. - MRI of the lumbar spine noting a disk extrusion at L5-S1 on the right. WORKING DIAGNOSIS: - L5-S1 disk extrusion with S1 radiculopathy TREATMENT AND OUTCOMES: - Right S1 transforaminal epidural steroid injection. - Immediate improvement in symptoms post-injection. - Complete resolution of symptoms when evaluated for clinical follow-up. - Prescribed regimen of physical therapy with focus on centralization (if symptoms were to recur), core stabilization, and lumbar strengthening for return to high level functionality and eventual heavy weight-lifting.

Topic: Shoulder Injury and Treatment
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Antiproliferative Effects of Novel 5′‐Fluorinated Analogues of 5′‐Deoxy‐5′‐(methylthio)adenosine.

Abstract Reaction of the adenosine sulfoxide (III), prepared by protection of (I) with acetanhydride (II), reacts with (dimethylamino)sulfur trifluoride to give the fluoro compounds (IV) and (V), together with (VI).

Topic: Adenosine and Purinergic Signaling
Subfield: Physiology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Investigations on Tungsten Inert Gas Welded Magnesium Alloy

Generally, magnesium alloys show interesting technological characteristics, which make them valuable for many industrial applications. Good mechanical properties, creep resistance and good castability, recyclability are only some of the most important properties remarkable for their employment in different areas. Generally, at industrial level welding technologies, like Tungsten Inert Gas technique, are used to eliminate and/or to repair the casting defects. In the present paper some details on their microstructural behaviour and mechanical performances on welded WE43 magnesium alloy are evaluated and reported. The obtained results have demonstrated that welding do not decrease the mechanical performance of the material and the heat affected zone cannot compromise the overall behaviour of the welded samples. In most of cases, the material's failure takes place nearly the welding defects.

Topic: Magnesium Alloys: Properties and Applications
Subfield: Biomaterials
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Survey of Small Scale Heat Recovery Incinerators.

Solid waste heat incinerator (HRI) facilities within the United States, which were capable of 24-hr/day operation, had operated for about a year, and had combustors of between 0.75 - 3.00 ton/hr capacity were identified to permit selection of best facilities for field visits. Thirteen manufacturers of HRI were identified.

Topic: Hermeneutics and Narrative Identity
Subfield: Philosophy
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Molecular datasets from "SMILES-Based Deep Generative Scaffold Decorator for De-Novo Drug Design"

Herein find the molecular datasets from "SMILES-Based Deep Generative Scaffold Decorator for De-Novo Drug Design". These were generated with SMILES-based scaffold decorator generative models trained with two training sets (DRD2 and ChEMBL). These generative models require a partially-built molecule (scaffold) as input and output several possible completions for each scaffold. Each dataset corresponds to a model trained with the ChEMBL or DRD2 sets, wither multi-step (ms) or single-step (ss) and the provenance of the scaffolds (validation set, or non-dataset). The molecules generated are annotated with a set of descriptors. The DRD2 datasets have the predicted probability of each molecule to be active on DRD2 (p) obtained from a Random Forest model. The ChEMBL model's descriptors are related to the synthesizability of the molecules (see manuscript). Also, the datasets decorated from validation set scaffolds are annotated whether they are part of the validation set (in_validation).

Topic: Computational Drug Discovery Methods
Subfield: Computational Theory and Mathematics
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Cross-calibration experiment of JPL AIRSAR and truck-mounted polarimetric scatterometer

When point calibration targets are used to calibrate a SAR image, the calibration accuracy is governed by two major factors. The first factor stems from the stringent requirement on the radar cross section (RCS) of the point calibration target. To reduce the effect of radar return from the background, the RCS of a point calibration target must be much larger than that of the background. Calibration targets with large RCS require large physical dimensions for passive targets or high amplifier gain for active targets, which in practice leads to uncertainty in the nominal RCS of the targets. The second factor is related to the fact that point calibration targets are used to develop a calibration algorithm which is applied to distributed targets. To this end, accurate knowledge of the impulse response (ambiguity function) of the SAR system is required. To evaluate the accuracy of such a calibration process, a cross-calibration experiment was conducted at a test site near Pellston, MI, using the JPL aircraft SAR and the University of Michigan truck-mounted polarimetric scatterometer. Five different types of distributed surfaces, all in the same area, were chosen: three of these were bare surfaces with varying roughnesses, and the other two were covered with vegetation. Trihedral corner reflectors were used for calibrating the aircraft SAR, and the UM scatterometer was calibrated using a metallic sphere. The scatterometer data were collected at L and C bands immediately after the aircraft flew over the test site. This paper presents results of the cross calibration between the polarimetric SAR and ground-based polarimetric scatterometer measurements at L and C bands. Comparison of the data measured by the two radar systems shows that SAR calibration with trihedrals may lead to unreliable results. A distributed-target calibration technique is introduced and applied to the data with good results.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>

Topic: Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Applications and Techniques
Subfield: Aerospace Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Large larvae of a flush-feeding moth (Epirrita autumnata, Lepidoptera: Geometridae) are not at a higher risk of parasitism: implications for the moth's life-history

The effect of larval body size of Epirrita autumnata (Lepidoptera, Geometridae) on the risk of parasitism was studied in a field experiment. The experiment involved three pairwise exposures of different larval instars to parasitoids. Three hymenopteran species were responsible for most of the parasitism. Parasitism risk was found to be host-instar independent. This result was consistent across parasitoid species and experiments. The results suggest that host use by larval parasitoids cannot constrain selection for larger body size in E. autumnata. However, high mortality due to parasitism may select for a short developmental period (the slow-growth/high-mortality hypothesis), and smaller body sizes as a by-product. A strong selective effect of parasitism on the timing of larval development in E. autumnata is also unlikely. The larger was the host, the larger was the adult size of the parasitoid and the shorter its development time (for one species). We suggest that the lack of a preference-performance linkage in the system studied may be related to the time stress associated with the short phenological window of host vulnerability.

Topic: Insect-Plant Interactions and Control
Subfield: Insect Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Adaptive Changes in the Perception of Fast and Slow Movement at Different Head Positions

BACKGROUND: This paper examines the subjective sense of orientation during asymmetric body rotations in normal subjects. METHODS: Self-motion perception was investigated in 10 healthy individuals during asymmetric whole-body rotation with different head orientations. Both on-vertical axis and off-vertical axis rotations were employed. Subjects tracked a remembered earth-fixed visual target while rotating in the dark for four cycles of asymmetric rotation (two half-sinusoidal cycles of the same amplitude, but of different duration). RESULTS: The rotations induced a bias in the perception of velocity (more pronounced with fast than with slow motion). At the end of rotation, a marked target position error (TPE) was present. For the on-vertical axis rotations, the TPE was no different if the rotations were performed with a 30° nose-down, a 60° nose-up, or a 90° side-down head tilt. With off-vertical axis rotations, the simultaneous activation of the semicircular canals and otolithic receptors produced a significant increase of TPE for all head positions. DISCUSSIONS: This difference between on-vertical and off-vertical axis rotation was probably partly due to the vestibular transfer function and partly due to different adaptation to the speed of rotation. Such a phenomenon might be generated in different components of the vestibular system. The adaptive process enhancing the perception of dynamic movement around the vertical axis is not related to the specific semicircular canals that are activated; the addition of an otolithic component results in a significant increase of the TPE.Panichi R, Occhigrossi C, Ferraresi A, Faralli M, Lucertini M, Pettorossi VE. Adaptive changes in the perception of fast and slow movement at different head positions . Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2017; 88(5):463–468.

Topic: Motor Control and Adaptation
Subfield: Cognitive Neuroscience
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences
L 2 -preserving Schrodinger heat ∞ow under the Ricci ∞ow

In the present paper, we study the L 2 ipreserved Schrodinger heat ∞ow under the Ricci ∞ow on closed manifolds. First, we establish the global existence and the uniqueness of the solution to the heat ∞ow under the Ricci ∞ow. Next, we prove an elliptic type gradient estimate of smooth positive solutions to the heat ∞ow and get a Harnack inequality.

Topic: Geometric Analysis and Curvature Flows
Subfield: Applied Mathematics
Field: Mathematics
Domain: Physical Sciences
Economics of Using Cocoa Bean Shell as Feed Supplement for Rabbits

The study analyzed the economics of using cocoa bean shell (cbs) as feed supplement in rabbit production. Data used for this study was collected from an experimental study of performance of rabbits fed graded levels of various treatments of CBS as feed supplement. Gross margin and dominance analysis were used to analyze the data. The study showed that untreated CBS can be used economically at 100g/kg inclusion in rabbit feed while hot Water treated CBS (WCBS) can be included up to 200 g/kg in rabbit feed. The study recommends the use of hot water treatment of CBS at 200 g/kg inclusion for optimum profitability of rabbit production.

Topic: Rabbits: Nutrition, Reproduction, Health
Subfield: Animal Science and Zoology
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
1998 Fort Hays State University Baseball Player Tracy Schneweis

The 1998 Fort Hays State University Baseball Player Tracy Schneweis. A black and white photograph shows Tracy Schneweis posing for a portrait. He wears a white shirt with the word "Tigers" written across the front and a black baseball hat with the letters "FH" written across the front above the bill.

Topic: American Sports and Literature
Subfield: History
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Chemical mutagenesis.

This chapter discusses the mutagenic effects of alkylating agents and other chemical mutagens (nitrous acid, nitric oxide, base analogues and related compounds, antibiotics, and intercalating agents and topoisomerase poisons) in plants. Guidelines on the conduct of plant mutagenesis experiments and on the induction of mutagenesis in plants using chemical mutagens are presented.

Topic: Plant Genetic and Mutation Studies
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Italian expert panel consensus statement on the optimal use of PD-1 blockade therapy in classical Hodgkin lymphoma

Programmed death 1 (PD-1) blocking antibodies now represent a major advance in the treatment of patients with classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) who relapse after autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) and pre- and/or post-ASCT brentuximab vedotin or after at least three lines of therapy. However, uncertainties still remain on the optimal use of these agents in refractory Hodgkin disease. A panel of experts was convened to produce a consensus document aimed at providing practice recommendations for the optimal use of PD-1 blocking antibodies in cHL, especially on pretreatment selection and evaluation of cHL patients' response and treatment length, management of PD-1 blockade therapy-treated patients, evaluation and management of toxicity. Our hope is that these recommendations might help hematologists to improve optimal management of patients with pretreated cHL.

Topic: Lymphoma Diagnosis and Treatment
Subfield: Pathology and Forensic Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Time Series and Correlational Analyses of Inmate-Initiated Assaultive Incidents in a Large Correctional System

Inmate-initiated assaultive incidents reported by staff in a large correctional system over period of 9 years were subjected to regression and time series analyses. The time series analysis revealed that the assault data curve followed a nonlinear path Several of the significant correlates of inmate-initiated assault (young age, Black-to-White ratio) were anticipated, whereas several others were not (population density staff inexperience). These outcomes are viewed as furnishing preliminary support for a systemic interpretation of prison violence.

Topic: Criminal Justice and Corrections Analysis
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
The Effects of Acceptance versus Suppression and of Anxiety Sensitivity on Changes in Anxious Rresponses to a Hyperventilation Challenge Procedure in University Students

본 연구는 과잉호흡 도전절차에 의해 유도된 불안반응을 감소시키는데 있어 수용 대 억제처치의 효과를 검증하고, 이러한 효과가 불안민감성의 수준에 따라 달라지는 지를 탐색하고자 수행되었다. 개정된 불안민감성지표의 호흡계 감각 염려 차원 점수에 기초하여 불안민감성 고저집단에 각각 36명씩 총 72명의 대학생이 선별된 후, 각 집단별로 절반씩 수용처치 또는 억제처치조건에 무선할당 되었다. 참가자들은 각 처치조건별로 수용 또는 억제처치의 이론적 근거를 청취하였고, 각 처치 조건에 해당되는 실습단계와 과잉호흡 도전 절차를 거쳤다. 연구 결과, 주관적인 불안 평정치를 제외한 대부분의 종속 측정치들에서 억제처치보다 수용처치의 효과가 더 우수하였다. 불안반응이 주관적 평정치와 맥박으로 측정된 경우, 처치조건에 따른 불안반응 감소의 차이는 고 불안민감성 집단보다 저 불안민감성 집단에서 더 두드러졌다. 이에 대한 추가분석 결과, 처치조건 간 효과크기의 차이는 고 불안민감성 집단에 비해 저 불안민감성 집단에서 더 크게 나타났으며, 수용처치의 불안감소정도는 불안민감성 고저에 관계없이 비슷하게 우수하였는데 비해, 억제처치의 경우 고 불안민감성 집단이 저 불안민감성 집단보다 불안감소정도가 유의하게 더 컸다. 이러한 결과들은 비임상적인 대학생 표본들의 자발적인 과잉호흡에 의한 불안반응을 감소시키는데 있어 수용처치가 효과적인 방법임을 시사한다. 마지막으로, 본 연구의 제한점 및 연구 결과의 의의에 관해 논의하였다.

Topic: Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
Subfield: Experimental and Cognitive Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Effects of Pre-Strain on Properties of Low-Carbon Sheet Steels Tested over a Wide Range of Strain Rates

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Knowledge of high strain-rate deformation behavior of automotive body structural materials is of importance for design of new vehicles with improved crash-energy management characteristics. Since a large range of plastic strains is encountered during the forming process prior to assembly, the mechanical behavior of sheet steels under high strain rate deformation conditions must be understood after pre-straining, in addition to the as-produced condition. This paper presents the compression testing methodology employed to examine these properties, and focuses on the effects of quasi-static pre-strains (from 0 to 20%) on the subsequent behavior of a low carbon interstitial free steel tested over a broad range of strain rates (from 10&lt;sup&gt;−2&lt;/sup&gt; to 10&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;s&lt;sup&gt;−1&lt;/sup&gt;). The results suggest that the increase in yield stress associated with increasing strain rate is not substantially influenced by prior cold work. The work hardening rate is strongly influenced by strain rate, however, and this occurrence is attributed to a combination of 1) thermal softening due to adiabatic heating, and 2) a likely change in dislocation interactions resulting from high rate deformation. The combined effects of forming strains and adiabatic heating diminish work hardening rate to a greater extent at high strain rates. The implications of these results are also discussed.&lt;/div&gt;

Topic: High-Velocity Impact and Material Behavior
Subfield: Materials Chemistry
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Comparative functional evaluation of immunocompetent mouse breast cancer models established from PyMT-tumors using small animal PET with [(18)F]FDG and [(18)F]FLT.

Positron emission tomography (PET) allows detection of functional changes in malignant tissue. Establishment of an immortalized immunocompetent breast cancer mouse model would provide a useful platform for the analysis of novel cancer treatment strategies. This study describes a comparative functional evaluation of murine breast cancer models established from polyoma virus middle T antigen (PyMT)-derived tumors using small animal PET imaging with [(18)F]FDG and [(18)F]FLT. Primary PyMT tumor-derived cells and a cell line derived from these tumors (MTHJ) were injected subcutaneously into immunocompetent FVB mice to generate breast cancer xenografts. Tumor growth rates were comparable in both models and tumors were analyzed after 4-5 weeks post-injection. [(18)F]FDG uptake in vitro followed a comparable trend in both models but reached higher uptake levels in primary PyMT cells vs. MTHJ cells after 120 min. At all time points, [(18)F]FLT uptake was significantly higher in MTHJ compared to primary PyMT cells. Dynamic small animal PET imaging with [(18)F]FDG revealed standardized uptake values (SUVs) of 2.5±0.1 (n=8) in tumors from primary cells and 2.8±0.4 (n=6) in MTHJ tumors after 60 min p.i.. The corresponding tumor-muscle-ratios were 9.3±1.5 and 10.4±0.9, respectively. Uptake of [(18)F]FLT resulted in slightly higher SUV(60min) in MTHJ tumors (1.1±0.1, n=6) compared to tumors from primary cells (SUV(60min)=0.9±0.05, n=8, p=0.07). The tumor-muscle-ratio was comparable in both tumors (2.1±0.2 and 1.8±0.1, respectively). The PET imaging data demonstrates that the functional profile of immunocompetent murine breast tumor model MTHJ remains the same as in primary-derived PyMT tumors in vivo. Metabolic and proliferative rates as assessed with [(18)F]FDG and [(18)F]FLT are comparable in both tumor models. The observed high SUV(60min) of 2.8±0.4 with [(18)F]FDG in MTHJ tumors allows one to monitor efficacy of therapeutic interventions connected with changes in metabolic response of the tumor by means of small animal PET.

Topic: Virus-based gene therapy research
Subfield: Genetics
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION OF LUNG CANCER INCIDENCE AND CIGARETTE SMOKING IN ALLEGHENY COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA

The results of the Third National Cancer Survey have shown substantial variations in lung cancer incidence rates for white males within Allegheny County, Pennsylvania. To explain these differences, two areas showing over a twofold difference in the 1970 age-adjusted incidence rates (127.7 compared to 59.0 per 100,00) were studied in greater detail. Estimates of smoking experience by age were determined in the two areas by survey sampling methods of white males 35 years of age and older. The results show the high risk area had a significantly greater proportion of males currently smoking and who had ever smoked cigarettes compared to the low risk area. Males in the high risk area also began smoking over four years earlier, and proportionally fewer men smoked filter cigarettes. Calculations of Lung cancer risk based on these results and a model of risk from the prospective and retrospective studies showed that almost all of the observed difference in risk between areas was attributable to cigarettes.

Topic: Global Cancer Incidence and Screening
Subfield: Oncology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences