jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
EXPERIMENTAL FURNITURE POLISH PNEUMONIA IN RATS.

1. A study of the physical properties of three furniture polishes reveals that the viscosity is low and of the same magnitude as kerosene and turpentine and thus the hazard of aspiration is considerable. 2. Similar pulmonary lesions were produced in rats by intratracheal and intravenous furniture polish. Two probable mechanisms causing pulmonary injury have been implicated: (a) direct contact by aspiration; (b) excretion of hydrocarbon from the blood through the alveolar capillary wall. 3. The absence of pulmonary involvement in rats that received as much as 60 cc/kg of furniture polish by intraduodenal instillation suggests that the pulmonary lesion cannot be produced by the amount of hydrocarbon absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. Furthermore, the furniture polish does not appear to injure the intestinal mucosa or the liver significantly. On the basis of these results we believe that gastric lavage should not be used in the treatment of furniture polish ingestion.

Topic: Renal function and acid-base balance
Subfield: Nephrology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Multifractal spectrum of quotients of Birkhoff averages for a family of quadratic maps

In a recent article, Chung and Takahashi (Erg. Th & Dynan. Sys. 34, 1116 (2014)) effected a multifractal description of the Birkhoff spectrum for a set of quadratic one dimensional functions known as the Benedicks-Carleson maps. They obtained a variational formula for the dimension spectrum of Birkhoff averages. In this article we try to complete the analysis studying the spectrum of quotients of Birkhoff averages.

Topic: Mathematical Dynamics and Fractals
Subfield: Mathematical Physics
Field: Mathematics
Domain: Physical Sciences
The Use of Digitalis in Spite of the Presence of Ventricular Tachycardia

The authors' observations throw some doubt on the validity of objections to the use of digitalis in the presence of ventricular tachycardia. These observations demonstrate that digitalis can be used liberally and that it does not appear to interfere with conversion to a normal mechanism. They suggest that digitalis may even set the stage for reconversion by aiding the failing heart.

Topic: Cardiac pacing and defibrillation studies
Subfield: Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Agile vs traditional project management approaches

Purpose Agile project management methods gain increasing attention of practitioners while they often remain neglected by scholarly research. Specifically, there is little known about how performance factors of agile firms differ from those of traditional firms. Scholars argue that these factors often relate to a firm’s human resource management (HRM). This study aims to analyze and compare the HRM architectures in agile and traditional project-based organizations that lead to high firm performance. Design/methodology/approach The authors apply fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis on data of 154 project-based organizations of diverse professional service industries in Russia. Findings This study’s findings suggest that HRM architectures of high-performance agile firms imply a broad use of ability-, motivation- and opportunity-enhancing practices and a high degree of HRM process centralization, while traditional firms adopt more diverse HRM architectures. Originality/value Based on this study’s results, the authors stress the importance of ensuring a good fit between a company’s project management approach and HRM architecture. The revealed configurations may also provide guidance for practitioners on designing effective HRM architectures in project-based organizations.

Topic: Qualitative Comparative Analysis Research
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Bibliography

In today's world, we are offered a constantly expanding number of technologies to integrate into our lives. We now utilise a range of interconnected technologies at work, at home and at leisure. The realm of sport is no exception, where new technologies or enhancements are available to athletes, coaches, scientists, umpires, governing bodies and broadcasters. However, this book argues that in a world where time has become a precious commodity and numerous options are always on offer, functionality is no longer enough to drive their usage within elite sports training, competition and broadcasting. Consistent with an actor-network theory approach as developed by Bruno Latour, John Law, Michele Callon and Annemarie Mol, the book shows how those involved in sport must grapple with a unique set of understandings and connections in order to determine the best combination of technologies and other factors to serve their particular purpose. This book uses a case study approach to demonstrate how there are multiple explanations and factors at play in the use of technology that cannot be reduced to singular explanations like performance enhancement or commercialisation. Specific cases examined include doping, swimsuits, GPS units, Hawk-Eye and kayaks, along with broader areas such as the use of sports scientists in training and the integration of new enhancements in broadcasting. In all cases, the book demonstrates how multiple actors can affect the use or non-use of technology.

Topic: Digital Games and Media
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Evidence for two mechanisms of ligand-receptor movement on surface-activated platelets.

The movement of platelet membrane glycoproteins was studied by correlative light and electron microscopy. Two distinct classes of movement were seen. In the first type, binding of colloidal gold-labeled ligand or antibody to the fibrinogen receptor (GPIIb/IIIa) triggered a long-range centripetal movement of the receptor-ligand complexes, in the plane of the membrane, on the surfaces of fully spread platelets. This movement was dependent on the presence of the intact cytoplasmic actin cytoskeleton, as evidenced by its inhibition by treatment of the platelets with cytochalasins D and E to disrupt actin filaments. A second surface receptor, the platelet von Willebrand's factor receptor (GPIb), did not undergo this long range, actin-dependent movement in response to antibody binding. However, in a second class of movement, both GPIb and GPIIb/IIIa were translocated on the platelet membrane. Both receptors, GPIb and GPIIb/IIIa, in response to binding of gold-labeled antibody or ligand, accumulated in the channels of the open canalicular system when these were present, and between platelets, under the platelet margins at the sites of platelet-platelet contact. This type of movement occurred only over a much shorter distance than the centripetal movement seen with ligand-bound GPIIb/IIIa and was not affected by the disruption of filamentous actin by the cytochalasins. These results suggest that there are two active mechanisms driving ligand-receptor movement on surface-activated platelets, and that one receptor type may be driven by either mechanism. However, each mechanism predominates at a different stage in the sequence of platelet activation, adherence, and spreading, consistent with differences in function related to receptor-ligand complex formation at the different stages.

Topic: Platelet Disorders and Treatments
Subfield: Hematology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
The effect of organic chelates and gibberellic acid on petroleum hydrocarbons degradation in the soil co-contaminated with Ni and crude oil under canola cultivation

Background: Soil remediation is one the important problem in environmental studies. Thus, this research&#13;\nwas conducted to evaluate the effect of organic chelates and gibberellic acid (GA3) on the degradation of&#13;\ncrude oil in the soil co-contaminated with Ni and crude oil under canola cultivation.&#13;\nMethods: For treatments, HEDTA and NTA chelates at rates of 0 and 2.5 mmol/kg soil and foliar GA3&#13;\n(0 (GA3(-) and 0.05 (GA3(+) mM) were used. In addition, the soil was polluted with Ni (0 and 100 mg&#13;\nNi/kg soil) and crude oil at rates of 0, 2, and 4% (W/W). The plant used in this experiment was canola.&#13;\nThe concentration of Ni in soil and plant was measured using atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS).&#13;\nThe concentration of total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) was measured using GC-mass. The mean&#13;\ndifferences were calculated according to the least significant difference (LSD) test.&#13;\nResults: The greatest degradation of crude oil belonged to the non-Ni-polluted soil under cultivation of&#13;\nGA3-treated plant, while the lowest one was observed in the soil received the greatest level of HEDTA&#13;\nand NTA chelates. Applying 0.05 mM GA3 foliar significantly increased the degradation of crude oil in&#13;\nsoil and Ni in plant shoot by 12.1 and 8.3%, respectively. In addition, soil microbial respiration was also&#13;\nincreased by 11.3%.&#13;\nConclusion: HEDTA, NTA, and GA3 had a significant effect on the Ni phytoremediation efficiency and&#13;\ndegradation of crude oil in soil that is a positive point in environmental pollution. However, the role of&#13;\nsoil physico-chemical properties on the phytoremediation efficiency cannot be ignored.&#13;\nKeywords: Soil pollutants, Biodegradation, Environmental, Petroleum

Topic: Microbial bioremediation and biosurfactants
Subfield: Pollution
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
The Individuality's Malpractices of Tibetan Traditional Culture and Modernization

In this article,the author deems,for an old civilization, Tibetan traditional culture lacks new cultural factors of the idealism and humanitarianism.Only by desalinating and eliminating individuality's malpractices of Tibetan traditional culture can we improve the levels of Tibetan culture and the whole nationalities quality,and carry out modernization of Tibetan culture.

Topic: Chinese history and philosophy
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Correlation and path analysis in mulberry silkworm, Bombyx mori L. (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae)

The correlation and path analysis for nine quantitative characters in sixty five varieties of silkworm, Bombyx mori L. have been investigated. Out of all contributing characters studied expected cocoon yield 100 dfls (ECY) showed significant positive associations with majority of the characters except filament size (FS) both at the phenotypic and genotypic levels. It suggested a strong association of these traits with yield. The direct and indirect effects of the component characters of ECY at phenotypic and genotypic levels were obtained separately. Here surviving percentage of larvae (SPL) and cocoon weight (CW) showed positive and high direct effect which indicated a true relationship as obtained from correlation values. Other characters showed positive correlations but the direct effects were either negative or negligible. In such a situation indirect causal factors are to be considered simultaneously&#x0D; J. Asiat. Soc. Bangladesh, Sci. 40(1): 151-156, June 2014

Topic: Silkworms and Sericulture Research
Subfield: Insect Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Benin: political metamorphoses (on the occasion of the 60th anniversary of independence)

The Republic of Benin, which at the time was called Dahomey, gained independence on 1 August 1960. Over its 60-year history, the country has experienced several military coups and non-violent regime changes, the turbulent first post-colonial years, and the periods of “socialist orientation” and “democratization”. However, despite frequent political transformations, for decades Benin has remained an “island of stability” in West Africa, where most states over the same time have routinely underwent wars or military-political conflicts.

Topic: African Studies and Ethnography
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Safety of oral anticoagulant therapy for thromboprophylaxis in atrial fibrillation: Results of the randomized clinical trials phase III and their clinical implications

Oral anticoagulant therapy is warranted in most patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (AF). Until recently, oral vitamin K antagonists were the only available oral anticoagulant therapy (with high efficacy but numerous other disadvantages, which often compromised their long-term use). Now, we have several treatment options for oral anticoagulant therapy (i.e., dabigatran, rivaroxaban and apixaban), and edoxaban will be available soon. For the first time clinicians have a possibility of tailoring an individualized strategy for stroke prevention in patients with AF, which necessitates certain knowledge on the pharmacological characteristics of each oral anticoagulant drug, as well as the awareness of the main results of randomized clinical trials comparing newer oral anticoagulant drugs with the 'old' standard warfarin for stroke prevention in patients with AF , in order to ensure optimal treatment choice for each patient. In this review article we summarize the safety results of the randomized clinical trials which compared dabigatran, rivaroxaban, apixaban or edoxaban versus warfarin (and apixaban versus aspirin) for the prevention of stroke or systemic embolism in patients with non-valvular AF, and then we discuss the clinical implications of these results.

Topic: Atrial Fibrillation Management and Outcomes
Subfield: Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Magnetic Silicone Composites with Uniform Nanoparticle Dispersion as a Biomedical Stent Coating for Hyperthermia

Abstract Magnetic nanoparticles (NPs) offer some attractive possibilities in the field of medicine such as magnetic separation for purification and immunoassay and hyperthermia treatment of cancer. Hyperthermia uses the thermal energy adsorbed by magnetite NPs to kill cancer cells. Concerns regarding esophageal cancer treatment by hyperthermia are related to the development of an advanced film as a polymeric stent cover for hyperthermia. In this paper, we tried to confer the hyperthermia function to the stent cover by the composition of magnetite NPs with a silicone rubber film. Herein, we fabricated the hybrid composite of magnetite NPs and a silicone matrix with a uniform particle dispersion. Forty percent of magnetite NPs could be dispersed in silicone matrices, which was confirmed in the scale of hundreds of nanometers by transmission electron microscopy. The composition could be possible via the surface modification of magnetite NPs with oleic acid in the silicone rubber, which was identified by the analysis of FT‐IR. Plasma treatment of the composite film transforms the hydrophobicity of the film to the hydrophlicity. The hyperthermia effect of the composite film increased temperature from 36 to 42°C. Moreover, our manufacturing strategy could readily control the thickness of the smooth composite film, facilitate large‐scale synthesis, and enable multifunctionalization. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Adv Polym Techn 32: E714–E723, 2013; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com . DOI 10.1002/adv.21314

Topic: Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery
Subfield: Biomaterials
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Supplemental Figure 3 from Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor Entinostat Inhibits Tumor-Initiating Cells in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells

&lt;p&gt;Supplemental Figure 3. Effect of ENT on mammosphere formation&lt;/p&gt;

Topic: Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors Research
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Noninvasive Arterial Testing in Patients With Diabetes

Background: This study was designed to compare the findings of noninvasive arterial testing in patients with and without diabetic foot pathology. Methods: The ABI (ankle brachial index), TBI (toe brachial index), and great toe pressures were measured in 207 patients. PAD (peripheral artery disease) was defined as an ABI &lt; 0.91 on either extremity or a TBI &lt; 0.7. Results: PAD was identified in 103 of the 207 patients (49.8%), 80 patients with diabetic foot pathology and 23 patients with nondiabetic foot pathology. Although patients with diabetic foot pathology were 1.4 times more likely to have PAD compared to patients without diabetic pathology, this increased risk was not statistically significant (OR 1.41 [95% CI 0.75-2.64], P = .28). Patients with PAD and diabetic foot pathology were 4.9 times more likely to have ischemia (toe pressure &lt; 60 mm Hg) than patients with PAD and nondiabetic foot pathology (OR 4.93 [95% CI 1.35-17.94], P &lt; .05). Patients on dialysis had a 7.3 times increased likelihood of having PAD compared to patients not on dialysis (OR 7.3 [95% CI 1.6-33.6], P &lt; .01). Patients with absent pedal pulses were 4.9 more likely to have PAD than patients with normal pulses (OR 4.9 [95% CI 2.6-9.4], P &lt; .0001). PAD was identified in 97 of 188 patients (51.6%) with peripheral neuropathy compared to 6 of 19 patients (31.5%) without peripheral neuropathy (OR 2.31 [95% CI 0.84-6.33], P = .10). Conclusions: Combining the ABI with TBI improved the ability to diagnose PAD in diabetic patients because the ABI has high specificity (low false positives) and the TBI has high sensitivity (low false negatives). The TBI was more reliable in patients with noncompressible arteries, medial artery calcinosis and/or neuropathy. Due to the relative incompressibility of calcified distal arteries in patients with DM, the ABI may be within normal limits in patients with PAD. This false negative result may lead surgeons to assume that normal perfusion is present. Level of Evidence: Level III, comparative study.

Topic: Peripheral Artery Disease Management
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Secondary reconstruction of below knee amputation stump with free anterolateral thigh flap

ABSTRACT Below knee stump preservation reduces ambulatory energy expenditure and improves the quality of life. Reconstruction of soft tissue loss around the stump is a challenging task. Below knee stump reconstruction demands stable skin with sufficient soft tissue to allow weigh bearing. Microsurgical tissue transfer is increasingly being used as a salvage option. Anterolateral thigh flap with additional vastus lateralis muscle provides extra cushioning effect. We report two cases of amputation below knee successfully salvaged. The anterolteral flap with abundant tissue and stable skin offers a reliable option for cover. Two patients with below knee amputation were reconstructed secondarily. After 6 to 20 months of follow -up, stumps showed no signs of pressure effects. Patients are able to bear 50-70 hours of weight per week.

Topic: Reconstructive Surgery and Microvascular Techniques
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Grain Flow for Rough Surfaces Considering Elastic/Inelastic Grain Collision

Previous work by this group on an average lubrication equation for grain flow with roughness effects is extended to include grain-grain collision elasticity ranging from perfectly elastic to perfectly inelastic. The average lubrication equation is based on Haff’s grain flow theory, with flow factors from Patir and Cheng and Tripp’s use of perturbation. The derived flow factors are obtained as functions of rough surface characteristics, grain size and collision pattern. As collision energy loss approaches zero, the inelastic results approach those for perfectly elastic grain collision. The mathematical formulae for flow factors, grain/grain collision elasticity, grain size and roughness are presented, discussed. Predictions for the elastic and inelastic cases are graphically demonstrated and compared.

Topic: Granular flow and fluidized beds
Subfield: Computational Mechanics
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Acoustic Classification of Singing Insects Based on MFCC/LFCC Fusion

This work introduces a new approach for automatic identification of crickets, katydids and cicadas analyzing their acoustic signals. We propose the building of a tool to identify this biodiversity. The study proposes a sound parameterization technique designed specifically for identification and classification of acoustic signals of insects using Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficients (MFCC) and Linear Frequency Cepstral Coefficients (LFCC). These two sets of coefficients are evaluated individually as has been done in previous studies and have been compared with the fusion proposed in this work, showing an outstanding increase in identification and classification at species level reaching a success rate of 98.07% on 343 insect species.

Topic: Animal Vocal Communication and Behavior
Subfield: Developmental Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Evaluation of Levamisole Against Metastrongylus spp. in Swine

SUMMARY Twenty-six swine assumed to be naturally infected with Metastrongylus spp. were allotted by weight to 3 groups—2 groups serving as principals for treatment with 2 different levamisole preparations and 1 group serving as untreated controls. All hogs were confined to individual concrete-floored pens. All hogs were necropsied and their lungs were examined for evidence of infection with Metastrongylus spp. The untreated hogs harbored a mean population of 192 adult lungworms and 36 immature 5th-stage larvae. Hogs treated with levamisole HCl at the rate of 8 mg./kg. of body weight given in 1 gal. of drinking water harbored a mean population of 1 adult lungworm. Hogs treated with levamisole resinate fed in a pelleted ration (0.08% levamisole HCl equivalent) at the rate of 1 lb./100 lb. (0.45 kg./45 kg.) of body weight harbored a mean population of 1.8 adult lungworms and 0.1 immature 5th-stage larvae. Palatability was not a problem with either the medicated feed or drinking water.

Topic: Helminth infection and control
Subfield: Small Animals
Field: Veterinary
Domain: Health Sciences
Is sentinel lymph node biopsy reliable and indicated after preoperative chemotherapy in patients with breast carcinoma?

Even after patients undergo PC, SNB seems to be a reliable method for accurate staging of the axilla in those more advanced breast carcinoma. Thus, axillary dissection may be avoided in certain patients. Lymph node involvement seems to be likely in women with suspicious axillary findings before chemotherapy who have no visible sentinel lymph nodes on preoperative lymphosintigraphy and in patients without recurrent tumors. Further investigation of the SNB concept in this patient group should be evaluated in larger studies.

Topic: Breast Cancer Treatment Studies
Subfield: Cancer Research
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences