jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Proteomic characterization of oyster shell organic matrix proteins

Oysters are economically (aquaculture) and ecologically important bivalves, with a calcareous shell that offers mechanical strength and protects them from predators. The shell composition is a blend of inorganic crystals and shell proteins that form an organic matrix which encloses and protects the soft inner tissue of the oyster. It has been found that the mechanical properties of shells of different oyster species vary. The objective of the present study was to compare the composition of shell matrix proteins of two phylogenetically related species: the Hong Kong oyster (C rassostrea hongkongensis ) and the Portuguese oyster (C rassostrea angulata ) which differ in their shell hardness and mechanical properties. Hong Kong oyster shells are comparatively stronger than Portuguese oysters. In the present study, modern proteomics and bioinformatics tools have been used to understand the nature of the Organic Matrix Proteins (OMP) and the possible mechanism involved in the variations observed in the mechanical properties of these two species of oyster shells. After visualizing proteins on SDSPAGE (1DE) and twodimensional electrophoresis (2DE) gels, the protein spots and their intensities were compared using PDQuest software and fourteen proteins of C . hongkongensis were found to be significantly different (student’s ttest; p&lt;0.05) when compared to the C . angulata . Furthermore, shell OMP separated on 1DE gels were processed using Triple TOF5600 mass spectrometry and 42 proteins of C . hongkongensis and 37 of C . angulata identified. A Circos based comparative analysis of the shell proteins of both oyster species were prepared and compared against the shell proteome of other shell forming gastropods, molluscs and the proteome database of the Pacific oyster (C . gigas ), whose genome has recently been sequenced, to study the evolutionary conservation of OMP and their function. This pioneering comparative proteomics of the two closely related oyster species, yet with remarkably different mechanical properties, expanded our understating of the molecular mechanism behind the naturally occurring shells of Hong Kong and Portuguese oysters having different hardness and mechanical properties. From biomaterial perspectives, knowledge gained through this study will be useful in biomedical research fields to develop novel biomaterials. For example, OMP identified exclusively in the Hong Kong oysters could be a useful resource for crystallizing a much harder biomaterial.

Topic: Calcium Carbonate Crystallization and Inhibition
Subfield: Biomaterials
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Achieving hardware-efficient neural network based pattern recognition system through linear approximation

The limitations of traditional computers and the advent of real-time applications dictate the need for a dedicated hardware to realize complex neural network models that are widely used in pattern recognition systems. It has been shown that the computational bottleneck of the neural network architecture lies in the activation function. In this paper, we present an area-time efficient neural network engine that employs linear approximation to reduce the computational complexity of the activation function. It is demonstrated that the approximation method can achieve a high degree of recognition accuracy by trading-off the number of recognizable patterns. Hardware implementation results show that the proposed method has approximately 42% performance gain over the previous implementation with a hardware reduction of 123K NAND gates. The approach in this paper lends well for low-cost and high-speed portable applications such as intelligent toys.

Topic: Neural Networks and Applications
Subfield: Artificial Intelligence
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging in predicting the radiosensitivity of cervical cancer.

This study investigates the application value of diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging in predicting cervical cancer radiosensitivity. Twenty-five patients who were newly diagnosed as cervical cancer and accepted simple radiotherapy were included in this study. Before external irradiation, 20 GY and at the end of irradiation, routine 1.5 T MRI and diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging scanning were carried. Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) value of primary tumor was measured. Its correlation with tumor regression rate was analyzed. ADC values of before irradiation, 20 GY and at the end of irradiation was (0.93 ± 0.14) × 10(-3) mm(2)/s, (1.25 ± 0.17) × 10(-3) mm(2)/s and (1.55 ± 0.13) × 10(-3) mm(2)/s, respectively. There were statistical significant differences (P< 0.01). D-value of ADC values between before and 20 GY external irradiation was (0.33 ± 0.16) mm(2)/s. The tumor volume before and at the end of external irradiation were (37.48 ± 26.83) cm(3) and (4.41 ± 3.72) cm(3) respectively, with tumor regression rate of before and after external irradiation of (0.86 ± 0.11). ADC values of before irradiation, 20 GY and at the end of irradiation did not correlate with tumor regression rate. D-value of ADC values between before and 20 GY external irradiation positively correlated with tumor regression rate (r = 0.423, P = 0.035). ADC value of cervical cancer increased after radiotherapy and early changes of ADC value was positively correlated with tumor regression rate, thus, ADC value could be used as a potential prediction factor for cervical cancer radiosensitivity.

Topic: MRI in cancer diagnosis
Subfield: Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
SOX9 Is a Progressive Factor in Prostate Cancer

Abstract : The purpose of this proposal is to test the hypothesis that SOX9 contributes to prostate cancer (PCa) progression by supporting the cancer stem cells (CSC). The results have demonstrated that SOX9 is enriched in prostate CSC. SOX9 silencing leads to reduced CSC population. Cells with higher SOX9 activity (as indicated by an activity reporter) have greater tumoreigenecity. Overall, it has been established that SOX9 plays critical role in prostate progression by supporting the CSCs and may serve as a new biomarker and therapeutic target.

Topic: Wnt/β-catenin signaling in development and cancer
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Drivers of channel equity: Linking strategic marketing decisions to market performance

The channel relationships offer strategic value and can provide opportunities to increase firm performance. Marketing strategy based on channel equity provides a new approach in which channel relationships are included in the firm's strategic planning and implementation. A conceptual framework for generating channel equity from the perspective of an individual supplier is proposed. The author proposes five key drivers of channel equity-communication, trust, commitment, dependence, and customer orientation. The paper proposes that relationshipspecific investments will have favorable impact on the drivers of channel equity and would enable the firms to build their channel equity. The favorable impact of relationship-specific investments is proposed to be moderated by relationship phase, and external uncertainty. The article makes an important contribution to marketing theory by examining theoretical perspectives from the field of relationship marketing and strategic management in conjunction to illuminate the value of channel equity in improving firm performance.

Topic: Customer Service Quality and Loyalty
Subfield: Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management
Field: Business, Management and Accounting
Domain: Social Sciences
ENDOR and EPR studies of highly isotopically 13C-enriched ubiquinone radicals

ENDOR and EPR measurements of anionic, neutral and diprotonated radical cations of 13C-1-labelled ubiquinone 0 in solution are presented. The 13C-carbonyl hyperfine coupling constant in protic solvents is roughly half of that in aprotic solvents. Preferred conformers of diprotonated ubiquinone and neutral radicals exist as a result of intramolecular H-bonding interactions. The variation of spin densities on the ubiquinone ring carbon atoms correlates with the calculated out-of-plane twist angles of the methoxy groups.

Topic: Electron Spin Resonance Studies
Subfield: Biophysics
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Understanding the relationships between information technology and lean and agile supply chain strategies: a systematic literature review

Abstract This study analyzes the relationships studied in the literature between Information Technologies (IT) and two supply chain strategies that have similar mechanisms of action: Lean Supply Chain (LSC) and Agile Supply Chain (ASC). The purpose is to identify and understand the role that IT plays in the two strategies depending on the way that it is conceptualized, and whether this is transferred to performance. The Systematic Literature Review is the methodology used to locate articles, select and analyze their content. In general terms, research to date shows a positive association between IT and these two supply chain strategies and that this association improves business results. However, the study shows that research into LSC and ASC has used different conceptualizations of IT and, in some cases, these conceptualizations can have different effects on the study’s outcomes. This paper proposes directions for future research and theoretical development are suggested.

Topic: Quality and Supply Management
Subfield: Management Information Systems
Field: Business, Management and Accounting
Domain: Social Sciences
ANTIBIOGRAM PROFILE OF BACTERIA ASSOCIATED WITH BOVINE ENDOMETRITIS AND MASTITIS IN ANDHRA PRADESH

The present study was taken up with an aim to develop antibiogram profile for bacteria causing endometritis and mastitis in bovines in Andhra Pradesh, which is an essential tool to fight against antimicrobial resistance.For the current study, 30 uterine discharges and 34 mastitis milk from bovines were received from different districts of Andhra Pradesh.From 30 uterine discharges, Escherichia coli (47%), Staphylococcus aureus ( 23%), Klebsiella Spp (12%), Proteus Spp (12%), Pseudomonas Spp (6%) were isolated and most of the isolates are sensitive to Gentamicin (10 mcg) followed by Chloramphenicol (30 mcg).And from 34 mastitis milk, Staphylococcus.aureus (73%), Escherichia coli (15%), Streptococcus Spp (6%), Enterococcus Spp (6%) were isolated and antibiogram shows Amikacin (30 mcg), Chloramphenicol (30 mcg) followed by Enrofloxacin (10 mcg) as most effective antimicrobials.

Topic: Animal Disease Management and Epidemiology
Subfield: Agronomy and Crop Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
The Author's Handwritten Miscellany of the End of 19th Century of the Old Believer Monk Cyprian (Sozonov)

The publication contains information about the Old Believer scribe of Phedoseevtzy congregation of the second half of 19th century monk Cyprian and a description of the author's miscellany compiled by him. The content of the manuscript, entitled "Katolog" by the monk, is interesting both in terms of the volume of sources involved and in terms of topics. The collection reflects the doctrinal position of Cyprian, which manifested itself in the activities of the sketes at the Moscow outpost in St. Petersburg and on Ilyushkin Island, which were headed by a monk.

Topic: Regional Socio-Economic Development Trends
Subfield: Demography
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Changes in the <sup>1</sup>H NMR Metabolic Profile of Mussels (<i>Mytilus Galloprovincialis</i>) with Storage at 0°C

This study investigated the chemical and microbiological changes of mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) during storage at 0°C for 7 days. The time-related metabolic signature of mussels was characterized by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and analysed by orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA). The OPLS-DA models evidenced significant alterations in the concentration of amino acids, organic acids, and osmolites: taurine, homarine, and betaine were reduced over time, whereas acetate, alanine, glycine, succinate, and trimethylamine were elevated with respect to fresh mussels. All of these changes reflected the presence of microorganism development under cold storage conditions.

Topic: Meat and Animal Product Quality
Subfield: Animal Science and Zoology
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Agglutination of Bordetella species by lectins

Phase I cells of Bordetella pertussis but not those of B. parapertussis, B. bronchiseptica or B. avium were agglutinated by Limulus polyphemus lectin. Most strains of B. pertussis but not those of the other species were also agglutinated by Helix pomatia lectin. In precipitation reactions between lectins and purified Bordetella lipopolysaccharide (LPS) preparations a similar pattern occurred. Lectin agglutination provides a rapid presumptive method for the differentiation of B. pertussis from B. parapertussis and other Bordetella species.

Topic: Glycosylation and Glycoproteins Research
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
The Legal Liability of the Public Assessment Office (KJPP) on the Assessment Result of Banking Credit Collateral (Study at PT. Bank Bukopin, Tbk. Branch Solo)

Providing funds for consumers by a finance company (bank) to buy consumer goods whose payments are made by the installments or conducted periodically by consumers called as financing or consumer credit.The responsibilities of the public appraisal service in the appraisal agreement with the service user, it is stated that the appraisal service company responsibility is only limited due to the time and place of the implementation of assessment, where the appraisal service company is responsible for assets and reports other than those that occur after time and the place stated in the report is no longer the responsibility of the appraisal service company after conducting an appraisal and issuing the report.The legal material analysis technique was conducted by using grammatical and systematic interpretation.The results obtained in this study indicated that there is a repressive legal protection that can be provided to banks as a disadvantaged party due to a default of public appraisers in the appraisal report.The protection is in the form of completing a civil suit on the basis of tort or civil suit on the basis of acts against the law.In addition, banks can also propose a criminal suits on the basis of fraud.The need for special arrangements regarding the appraisal agreement and accountability of public appraisers, in order to prevent things that can harm the parties concerned and maintain the reputation of the public appraiser as a professional service.

Topic: Legal Studies and Policies
Subfield: Law
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Autonomous Dissipative Maxwell’s Demon in a Diamond Spin Qutrit

Engineered dynamical maps combining coherent and dissipative transformations\nof quantum states with quantum measurements, have demonstrated a number of\ntechnological applications, and promise to be a crucial tool in quantum\nthermodynamic processes. Here, we exploit the control on the effective open\nspin qutrit dynamics of an NV center, to experimentally realize an autonomous\nfeedback process (Maxwell demon) with tunable dissipative strength. The\nfeedback is enabled by random measurement events that condition the subsequent\ndissipative evolution of the qutrit. The efficacy of the autonomous Maxwell\ndemon is quantified by experimentally characterizing the fluctuations of the\nenergy exchanged by the system with the environment by means of a generalized\nSagawa-Ueda-Tasaki relation for dissipative dynamics. This opens the way to the\nimplementation of a new class of Maxwell demons, which could be useful for\nquantum sensing and quantum thermodynamic devices.\n

Topic: Advanced Thermodynamics and Statistical Mechanics
Subfield: Statistical and Nonlinear Physics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
A reliable maximum likelihood algorithm for bearing-only target motion analysis

This work presents a high performance, reliable algorithm for bearing-only target motion analysis. A general Nth-order target dynamics model is assumed. We analyze and implement, in discrete time, finite horizon setup, the maximal likelihood (ML) algorithm. The Cramer-Rao bound, for a general case of Nth-order target dynamics, is first calculated. Then, an ideal least square (ILS) estimate is defined. We show that the ILS estimate meets the Cramer-Rao, and we calculate an equation for the difference between the error of the ML estimate and the error of the ILS estimate. We conclude that as long as the error is not extremely large, the difference between the estimates is much smaller than the error itself. By utilizing the pseudo linear structure of the problem, the number of variables is reduced from 3N to N. The final result is an efficient, reliable, high performance bearings-only target motion analysis algorithm.

Topic: Target Tracking and Data Fusion in Sensor Networks
Subfield: Artificial Intelligence
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
The Skin In The Game Heuristic for Protection Against Tail Events

Nassim N. Taleb and Constantine Sandis, 'The Skin in the Game Heuristic for Protection Against Tail Events', Review of Behavioral Economics, Vol. 1(1-2): 115-135, January 2014, doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1561/105.00000006. © 2014 N. N. Taleb and C. Sandis

Topic: Leadership, Behavior, and Decision-Making Studies
Subfield: Management Science and Operations Research
Field: Decision Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
SERUM GONADOTROPHIN IN WELSH AND SHETLAND PONIES

Cole [1938] observed that the concentration of gonadotrophin in the serum of mares during pregnancy was greater in small breeds than in large breeds; the maximum concentration in Welsh ponies was stated to be about four times that in draught breeds. In an earlier publication we [Day & Rowlands, 1940] recorded the time and rate of appearance of gonadotrophin in six Welsh ponies, a New Forest pony, and a Shetland pony. The maximum concentrations obtained were 43–186 i.u./ml. in the Welsh ponies and 84 and 344 i.u./ml. in the New Forest and Shetland ponies. No attempt was made to deal with individual or breed variation in the potency of the sera. A considerable body of new information has accumulated in the past five years from two series of collections of serum gonadotrophin. One was made from a large number of Welsh ponies in Radnorshire and the other was made annually

Topic: Reproductive Physiology in Livestock
Subfield: Agronomy and Crop Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Elaboration, thermogravimetric analysis, and fire testing of a new type of wood‐sawdust composite materials based on epoxy–amine polymers modified with copper(<scp>II</scp>) hexafluorosilicate

SUMMARY The study reports the development of a new type of wood‐sawdust (WS) composite based on CuSiF 6 ‐modified epoxy–amine polymers (EAPs) with reduced combustibility. The thermo‐oxidative behavior of the obtained WS/EAP–CuSiF 6 and WS/EAP specimens was studied using the complex thermal analysis. Thermal analysis data show that incorporating CuSiF 6 (flame retardant) into WS/EAP increases the thermal oxidation resistance of WS/EAP–CuSiF 6 . It is shown that for WS/EAP–CuSiF 6 and WS/EAP, thermo‐oxidative destruction ends at 571°C and 625°C, and the maximum temperature of this exothermic process is 435°C and 499°C, respectively. The combustibility of WS/EAP–CuSiF 6 and WS/EAP was studied by the “ceramic tube” (CT) method. The CT results obtained demonstrate impressive differences in the combustibility of these two composites; the maximum temperature of gaseous combustion products for WS/EAP–CuSiF 6 is 265°C, and for WS/EAP, it is 910°C. Flammability tests for WS/EAP–CuSiF 6 and WS/EAP were carried out in accordance with ASTM D635‐18 and ASTM D3801‐19a. According to the results of vertical burning tests, the WS/EAP–CuSiF 6 composite material was classified as V‐0.

Topic: Flame retardant materials and properties
Subfield: Polymers and Plastics
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Pembelajaran Literasi Saintifik untuk Pendidikan Dasar

This research constructs a learning design to guide primary students on achieving scientific literacy. The approach used is a mixed-method sequential exploratory model. This result shows that the validity and reliability of this design in general on the category can be used. The implementation of 35 students in Kabupaten Kudus revealed that this design could be applied by the teacher and could be responded to by students during learning.

Topic: Education and Character Development
Subfield: Education
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Preparation of Amine Oxidase from Bovine Serum by Affinity Chromatography on Aminohexyl-Sepharose

Amine oxidase was purified from bovine serum by affinity chromatography on aminohexyl substituted Sepharose. The enzyme was adsorbed on the chromatographic support in a suspension of aminohexyl Sepharose in diluted serum. After thorough washing with buffer, the gel was packed in a column and the enzyme eluted with 10 mM octylamine. Using this procedure it was possible to obtain apparently homogeneous amine oxidase in a single-step procedure. The specific enzyme activity was 0.14 mumoles benzaldehyde formed per minute at 25 degrees C per mg enzyme protein. Based on the activity of amine oxidase in serum, the yield of enzyme was 64%.

Topic: Polyamine Metabolism and Applications
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Effects of Magnetic Fields Generated by Different Permanent Magnet Arrays on Image Reconstruction in a Low-Field Portable MRI System

A portable magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) imager may help this medical imaging modality to reach out areas that are remote or/and hard to access, and situations that the environment is dynamic, for example, in an ambulance. Permanent magnet array is a popular option to supply the main magnetic field for imaging. It allows portability, does not consume power, and guarantees a low cost. However, the magnet field it generates does not have a linear gradient, thus the acquired signals from the system and the image are not directly linked by Fourier Transformation. There are different kind of magnet arrays that can be used in a portable system. Halbach array with a transverse magnetic field provide an option. Besides, Aubert array with a longitudinal magnetic field that was recently proposed is a good alternative [1]-[2]. For a magnet array, the field strength, field homogeneity, and field pattern are directly related to the quality of image reconstruction [3]. In this talk, different magnet arrays and the characteristics of the magnetic fields they generate for imaging in a low-field MRI system will be introduced. The effects of the magnetic fields on the image reconstruction will be analysed in detail.

Topic: Advanced MRI Techniques and Applications
Subfield: Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences