jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Resettlement of China‐born immigrants in Australia: Age, duration of stay and interstate migration

Abstract Internal migration is an important settlement adjustment process for immigrants. For a high migration country, such as Australia, understanding the internal migration patterns is also needed for studying the demographic dynamics of immigration. With large numbers of immigrants now coming from Asia, little is known about how they move subsequently within Australia and whether they follow similar patterns of European‐origin groups. This paper examines resettlement patterns of the largest non‐European‐origin population in Australia: immigrants born in mainland China. Data from the 1986–2016 Australian Censuses are used to examine the complex relationship between age, duration of stay and interstate migration observed amongst China‐born immigrants in comparison with other major overseas‐born populations. Results show that migration probabilities peak for young and recently arrived immigrants, with an evident age‐on‐arrival effect. Considerable variations in migration patterns are identified across birthplaces, states and territories of residence and arrival cohorts. Interstate migration of China‐born immigrants increased over time, with recent arrivals exhibiting higher migration probabilities than that of the Australia‐born population in 2016. The findings extend our knowledge on immigrants adjustment and (re)settlement in the destination society and provide a basis for examining Australia's regional migration policies.

Topic: Migration and Labor Dynamics
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Light, Seasonal Management and other General Management Technological Needs of Layer Poultry Farmers

A study was conducted in Namakkal district of Tamilnadu, India to understand the estimate the technological needs of poultry farmers with reference to the light, seasonal management and other general management of poultry farming activities as perceived by the farmers, extension personnel and technology developers. Simple and viable technology for summer management to avoid heat stroke and production loss, standardized light management technique, less stressful bird shifting methodology, least cost technique to manage power failure, preventing rain water splashing in raised platform sheds and fly control were the technological needs identified.

Topic: Livestock and Poultry Management
Subfield: Animal Science and Zoology
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Social networks in the rise of episcopal power in late antiquity : the case of Martin of Tours

The purpose of this thesis is to analyze the case of Martin of Tours to understand the process of the rise of episcopal power during the fourth century in Gaul. A traditional understanding of this process considers that episcopal power had a significant change in nature when aristocrats took over the office of bishop in the beginning of the fifth century. Nevertheless, recent studies have pointed out that during the fourth century some bishops were able to develop and consolidate a large amount of power within the city by means of traditional Roman social relationships.. These were alliances with local notables and the development of networks of patronage. Sulpicius Severus, the biographer of Martin of Tours, constructed a figure of Martin shaped by particular religious, political and social motives. As a result, it becomes difficult to establish the actual nature and form of Martin's social relationships. Yet he also offered some hints that allow the reader to grasp them. Specially, the mention of gifts and favours are the clues that point towards the existence of a vast network of social rapports. This network reached all sectors of lateantique Gallic society, from emperors to minor officers or from aristocratic landowners to poorest sectors. Consequently, a close examination of Martin's vertical and horizontal social relationships allows the modern reader to reconsider traditional models of the rise of episcopal power in Gaul.

Topic: Medieval Literature and History
Subfield: Classics
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Politics of the New Pathway to Organ Donation

Purpose – To examine the introduction of a practice known as Donation after Cardiac Death (DCD) into Australian hospitals notwithstanding that DCD constitutes a significant shift in medical practice. The shift is from holding off organ donation activities until after death has occurred (the Brain Death Scenario and Uncontrolled Cardiac Death Scenario) to progressing the injured patient to organ donor on the basis of an early prognostic call. The more precise term is 'Controlled DCD'. What is controlled are the timing, location, mode and criteria of death.Findings – Controlled DCD first appears as an 'inpatient trial' in Pittsburgh, United States, in 1992, and has progressed, via various organisations and committees, to being used in a number of countries, including Australia and New Zealand, and being embodied in national, state and hospital protocols. Along the way, concerns that previously precluded such activity have been consistently raised and documented. Operational accounts reported in the medical literature do not acknowledge this history or the ethically problematic aspects of the practice. It is likely that these operational reports and related information sources, together with promotion of the positives of organ donation, have facilitated the practice's progress through the relevant institutional committees.Social implications – Much is at stake when the quest for more organ donors starts changing what can be done to patients. How this practice has come to be tolerated in 2012, despite a number of irresolvable ethical issues, is a matter of vital community interest.Originality/value of chapter – This chapter is part of an ongoing study by the authors.

Topic: Organ Donation and Transplantation
Subfield: Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Lupins : Comparison with soya bean as a protein source for young beef cattle

Recent work on the agronomy and the genetic make-up of a new strain of lupin, which could be grown on almost half the agricultural land in England and Wales, has resulted in improvements in the yield and protein content of lupins. The protein content of lupins, at 37 % of the dry matter, is higher than that of either peas or beans and therefore lupins could be an important source of home-grown protein. There is little information available on the potential of new strains of lupins as a protein source in the feed of ruminants, particularly in conjunction with forage maize.

Topic: Botanical Research and Chemistry
Subfield: Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Supplementary Figure from Loss of MLL Induces Epigenetic Dysregulation of Rasgrf1 to Attenuate Kras-Driven Lung Tumorigenesis

Supplementary Figure from Loss of MLL Induces Epigenetic Dysregulation of Rasgrf1 to Attenuate Kras-Driven Lung Tumorigenesis

Topic: Cancer-related gene regulation
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
The importance of suspecting superficial siderosis of the central nervous system in clinical practice.

Abstract&#13;\nOnce the central nervous system surface is greatly encrusted with haemosiderin, even removing the source of bleeding will have little effect on the progression of clinical deterioration. Superficial siderosis of the central nervous system is rare and insidious, but magnetic resonance imaging has turned a previously late, mainly autoptical diagnosis into an easy, specific, in vivo, and possibly early one. Avoiding long diagnostic delay will be very important in those cases susceptible of causal treatment.

Topic: Intracerebral and Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Research
Subfield: Neurology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Titan in Late Northern Summer from JWST and Keck Observations

Titan is an object of fascination for scientists researching the solar system, as a &amp;#8216;terrestrial-like&amp;#8217; world with active meteorology and fluvial and lacustrine formations based on methane chemistry and condensation. The Cassini-Huygens mission explored Titan extensively from 2004 to 2017, but since that time further observation of its slow seasonal cycle has been possible only via telescopes positioned on or close to the Earth. Titan&amp;#8217;s unique characteristics led to a concerted post-Cassini observational campaign, with many of the most powerful telescopes available to astronomy. In this work we report on observations from 2022 &amp;amp; 2023 with three instruments on the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST), NIRCam, NIRSpec and MIRI, also in coordination with imaging from Keck II. In November 2022 and July 2023, Titan was the subject of multi-spectral filter imaging with JWST NIRCam and Keck II NIRC2, revealing tropospheric clouds at mid-northern latitudes, in line with climate modeling predictions for this season (late northern summer). In filters sensitive to the upper troposphere, we observed clouds growing and apparently ascending in altitude during a Titan day. JWST NIRSpec spectroscopy yielded for the first time a high resolution (R=2700) spectrum of Titan across the entire near-infrared (1-5 microns) unobscured by telluric absorption. This, among other things, enabled measuring the detailed structure of the CO 4.7 micron non-LTE emission, including the fundamental, the first two overtone bands and two isotopic bands. It is also the first time that CO2 emission has been resolved in the NIR and the first time it has been seen on Titan&amp;#8217;s dayside. &amp;#160;Finally, very sensitive spectroscopy with JWST MIRI in the mid infrared (5-28 microns) confirmed the many stratospheric gases seen by Cassini CIRS, but also added a new detection of methyl (CH3) in the middle atmosphere, a product of methane photochemistry that was expected but not previously seen. We modeled parts of the spectra to find a global mean temperature profile and profiles of minor gases. Soon we hope to extract yet more results from the NIRSpec and MIRI spectra as our understanding of the calibration and modeling progresses. In this presentation we summarize our results to date and describe planned future observations of Titan with JWST and Keck cycles.

Topic: Astro and Planetary Science
Subfield: Astronomy and Astrophysics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Introduction to Computational Genomics

Where did SARS come from? Have we inherited genes from Neanderthals? How do plants use their internal clock? The genomic revolution in biology enables us to answer such questions. But the revolution would have been impossible without the support of powerful computational and statistical methods that enable us to exploit genomic data. Many universities are introducing courses to train the next generation of bioinformaticians: biologists fluent in mathematics and computer science, and data analysts familiar with biology. This readable and entertaining book, based on successful taught courses, provides a roadmap to navigate entry to this field. It guides the reader through key achievements of bioinformatics, using a hands-on approach. Statistical sequence analysis, sequence alignment, hidden Markov models, gene and motif finding and more, are introduced in a rigorous yet accessible way. A companion website provides the reader with Matlab-related software tools for reproducing the steps demonstrated in the book.

Topic: Gene expression and cancer classification
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Efficacy of Manual Therapy for Knee Meniscus Injuries: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Objectives This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of manual therapy for knee meniscus injuries. Methods We searched seven electronic databases (MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, CAJ, Wanfang, RISS, ScienceON, and OASIS) to collect randomized controlled trials (RCTs) using the keywords “manual therapy OR chuna OR tuina” and “meniscus injury.” Results Eleven RCTs were selected based on the inclusion criteria, and all studies were conducted in China. Five studies were meta-analyzed. The systematic review revealed a positive effect of manual therapy for knee meniscus injury. Low risk of selection, attrition, and reporting bias were demonstrated in all studies. Ten studies had a high risk of performance bias. Conclusions The systematic review reported favorable results using manual therapy for knee meniscus injury. However, this study has several limitations because of the high risk of bias. Further clinical studies and reviews with higher levels of evidence are warranted.

Topic: Knee injuries and reconstruction techniques
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Male involvement in family planning use and its determinants in Ethiopia. A systematic review and meta-analysis protocol

Abstract Background The need to include males that required joint spousal decision is critical in achieving key reproductive health indicators. Low involvement of males in family planning use is one of the contributing factors for low contraceptive use in Ethiopia. Despite this, there are inconsistent findings on the prevalence and determinates of males involvement in family planning use in Ethiopia. Thus, this systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to determine the pooled prevalence of mal involvement in family planning use and its determinants in Ethiopia. Methods The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guideline will be used to develop the protocol. Online databases PubMed, CINAHL, Google Scholar, and unpublished grey literature will be searched to retrieve available articles from April 10-August 11/2021. The two authors will conduct selection of studies, data extraction, and quality assessment. The quality of the studies will be assessed using Joanna Briggs Institute checklist. Chi-squared test and I-squared statistic will be used to examine heterogeneity among studies. Sources of heterogeneity will be investigated using subgroup analyses and meta-regression based on regions and residence (urban and rural). Publication bias will be examined by observation using funnel plots and statistically by Begg’s and Egger’s tests. A random-effect model will be used to estimate the pooled prevalence and its determinants of male involvement in family planning use. Discussion The role of the male in family planning and participation in contraceptive use improves women’s uptake and continuity of family planning use. Though there are studies on male involvement in family planning use, there is no synthesis research findings on the pooled prevalence of male involvement in family planning use and its determinants in Ethiopia. Therefore, the finding from this systematic review and meta-analysis will help the national health sector transformational plane to emphasize the pooled prevalence and its determinants that drive low male involvement in family planning use in Ethiopia.

Topic: Global Maternal and Child Health
Subfield: Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
The Descent Unseen: Greece's Unappreciated Place in British Political History

For hundreds of years, Great Britain possessed an empire and military that allowed it to possess an almost unrivaled power in international politics. However, as World War II drew to a close, it became increasingly evident that Great Britain no longer possessed the power it once had. In Greece, communist protest, and eventually insurrection, began as a result of disagreements in regards to the place of King George II of Greece and the future of free elections in the country after the departure of the German forces. “The Descent Unseen: Greece’s Unappreciated Place in British Political History” examines the time from outbreak of violence on December 3, 1944 and the end of June, 1945, Prime Minister Churchill’s last full month in office. As the communication between Allied leaders at the time suggested, negotiations continuously centered on how each World War II ally possessed influence, and how each party could help or hurt Great Britain’s ultimate goal of a free and democratic Greece. This project will examine how, the six-month time period witnessed the fall of Britain as a primary power in international politics, and how the influences of these nations affected the politics of Great Britain in Greece.

Topic: Irish and British Studies
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Islamic Attitudes towards Environmental Problems and Practices

Brunei Darussalam is rich in natural resources, including fossil fuels and biodiversity, which it uses to develop its economy, while at the same time, conserve them in order to ensure that it maintains a clean and green environment. However, as a developing Islamic nation, Brunei Darussalam cannot escape from creating an undesirable change to its environment. Pollution is considered to be one of the most critical problems facing the environment today. Haze and solid waste are among the most prominent kinds of pollution in the country. The paper will look into the attitudes of the largely-Muslim society in Brunei Darussalam on environmental pollution, and their knowledge and behaviour regarding this issue. Finally, the paper attempts to explain what seems to be uncaring attitude and behaviour among Muslims in Brunei Darussalam towards environmental issues.

Topic: Islamic Finance and Banking Studies
Subfield: Accounting
Field: Business, Management and Accounting
Domain: Social Sciences
Development of genomic predictions for Angus cattle in Brazil incorporating genotypes from related American sires

Abstract Genomic prediction has become the new standard for genetic improvement programs, and currently, there is a desire to implement this technology for the evaluation of Angus cattle in Brazil. Thus, the main objective of this study was to assess the feasibility of evaluating young Brazilian Angus (BA) bulls and heifers for 12 routinely recorded traits using single-step genomic BLUP (ssGBLUP) with and without genotypes from American Angus (AA) sires. The second objective was to obtain estimates of effective population size (Ne) and linkage disequilibrium (LD) in the Brazilian Angus population. The dataset contained phenotypic information for up to 277,661 animals belonging to the Promebo breeding program, pedigree for 362,900, of which 1,386 were genotyped for 50k, 77k, and 150k single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) panels. After imputation and quality control, 61,666 SNPs were available for the analyses. In addition, genotypes from 332 American Angus (AA) sires widely used in Brazil were retrieved from the AA Association database to be used for genomic predictions. Bivariate animal models were used to estimate variance components, traditional EBV, and genomic EBV (GEBV). Validation was carried out with the linear regression method (LR) using young-genotyped animals born between 2013 and 2015 without phenotypes in the reduced dataset and with records in the complete dataset. Validation animals were further split into progeny of BA and AA sires to evaluate if their progenies would benefit by including genotypes from AA sires. The Ne was 254 based on pedigree and 197 based on LD, and the average LD (±SD) and distance between adjacent single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) across all chromosomes were 0.27 (±0.27) and 40743.68 bp, respectively. Prediction accuracies with ssGBLUP outperformed BLUP for all traits, improving accuracies by, on average, 16% for BA young bulls and heifers. The GEBV prediction accuracies ranged from 0.37 (total maternal for weaning weight and tick count) to 0.54 (yearling precocity) across all traits, and dispersion (LR coefficients) fluctuated between 0.92 and 1.06. Inclusion of genotyped sires from the AA improved GEBV accuracies by 2%, on average, compared to using only the BA reference population. Our study indicated that genomic information could help us to improve GEBV accuracies and hence genetic progress in the Brazilian Angus population. The inclusion of genotypes from American Angus sires heavily used in Brazil just marginally increased the GEBV accuracies for selection candidates.

Topic: Genetic and phenotypic traits in livestock
Subfield: Genetics
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Developmental Outcome of Unrelated Donor Bone Marrow Transplantation in Children With Hurler Syndrome

To the Editor:

Bone marrow transplantation (BMT) has been shown to effectively reduce the cognitive deterioration normally associated with Hurler syndrome.[1][1] In their recent review of the Storage Disease Collaborative Study Group's retrospective experience using unrelated donor BMT for children

Topic: Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
Subfield: Hematology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Policies to Increase Calves Production in East Nusa Tenggara as a National Production Center

The determinant factors of the growth of calf cattle production in NTT Province (both technical/technological, economic, socio-cultural, investment, and related institutions) have not been specifically identified and measured. This is very important for the purpose of formulating and implementing related policies. The objectives of this study were to analyze the main factors affecting the level of calf production, and to formulate policy interventions to increase calf production. A research survey was carried out on parties related to the planning and development of cattle business. The quantitative approach is in the form of regression analysis of time series data. The economic phenomenon of calf production in Kupang Regency has been simplified into a mathematical model (response function). The result reported that the estimated value of the parameters in the total calf production equation model in NTT was: TPRAS= – 20434.1 + 0.2262 LTTSIP* – 0.0032 TLPRAns + 0.2147 TLLTP* + 0.1036 TPTRU* + 0.1877 TRKUT** + 0.2067TRDIB** + 0.1057 TRDVT** + 0.3647 LTPRAS* + 811.7645 TREND**. In conclusionl, the increased production of calves was dependent on the increase in support for the main production factors [number of productive cows, number of farmers, amount of feed, and amount of cement/vaccine] adequatly. Policy investment (through interest rates and realization farming loans), policy of productive cows control (through postponement of slaughter and the provision cash incentives), and policy of technology support (through realization AI doses of semen and livestock vaccines) significantly affect to production of calves.

Topic: Livestock Farming and Management
Subfield: Agronomy and Crop Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Health monitoring on the Android smartphones

This project aims help improve the health care systems for elderly such that the system can be placed at home, so that there is a safety mechanism to monitor the elderly when there is no one to look after them. It is mobile for them to carry it around on the go, or it can also be installed in their own home. The system monitors their health conditions via as their heart rate and brainwave, to check the elderly’s condition frequently. Otherwise it is able to dispense a capsule from the pill dispenser machine such that they are able to take some immediate medication first.

Topic: Hermeneutics and Narrative Identity
Subfield: Philosophy
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences