jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
A mini review of Yu-Ping-Feng polysaccharides: Their biological activities and potential applications in aquaculture

Polysaccharides, one of the important active ingredients of traditional Chinese herbal medicine, become a focus of attention in many fields, particularly in medical research industry. Yu-Ping-Feng (YPF) is a primary component of many traditional Chinese medicine prescriptions, and it’s proven to be significantly beneficial to human health. In recent years, polysaccharides from YPF have been well documented after successful isolation and purification, but the polysaccharides from YPF post-processing wastes are not studied. Under the guidance of the Pharmacological Efficacy Index, we have extracted Yu-Ping-Feng polysaccharides (YPF-P) from the wastes of YPF in our previous work. Our previous findings showed that YPF-P promote the growth, enhance immunity and organ structure or function of cultured fish northern snakehead fish (Channa argus) and grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus), and significantly improve the intestinal microflora of fish. This paper reviews the current status of YPF-P and their application in aquaculture, including the development of green feed for aquatic animals and the re-utilization of the YPF wastes. This series of work is a way to have the best of both worlds, not only to realize the rational treatment of medical wastes, but also to effectively use the wastes, to find a green raw material for aquatic feed.

Topic: Aquaculture disease management and microbiota
Subfield: Immunology
Field: Immunology and Microbiology
Domain: Life Sciences
Association of left bundle branch block with new onset abnormal wall motion in treated hypertensive patients with left ventricle hypertrophy: the LIFE Echo Sub-study

Among patients with ECG-LVH, undergoing antihypertensive treatment, the presence of LBBB independently identifies individuals with ∼3- to 7-fold greater odds of developing new segmental abnormal LV wall motion. These findings suggest that LBBB may be a marker for progressive myocardial disease.

Topic: Heart rate and cardiovascular health
Subfield: Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
ASSOCIATION BETWEEN ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE AND INEFFECTIVENESS IN MUTANT STRAINS OF RHIZOBIUM SPP.

Loss of effectiveness was found to be closely associated with mutation to viomycin resistance and neomycin resistance in strains representing three cross-inoculation groups of Rhizobium—R. leguminosarum, R. trifolii, and R. meliloti. Twenty-nine of 33 mutant clones, selected from 11 normally effective parent strains for resistance to viomycin, were uniformly ineffective. Both viomycin resistance and ineffectiveness remained unchanged in clones reisolated from nodules. Fifteen of 16 clones selected for neomycin resistance from eight normally effective strains were also ineffective, fn contrast, loss of effectiveness occurred only infrequently in clones resistant to kanamycin or polymyxin, and was not observed at all in streptomycin-resistant mutants. Cytologically, ineffective nodules were characterized by rapid dissolution of bacteroid-containing tissue. Ability to form nodules (infectiveness) on the homologous host was retained in all antibiotic-resistant mutants. Full cross resistance was noted for strains selected for resistance to viomycin and neomycin. Kanamycin resistance conferred resistance to neomycin but not to viomycin. Implications of the marker-associated changes are considered in relation to some problems in Rhizobium genetics and physiology.

Topic: Legume Nitrogen Fixing Symbiosis
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Commercial Status of the PV Industry in 2004 -- Identifying Important and Unimportant Factors: Preprint

This paper reviews the current status of the commercial PV Industry. It assesses the current status of commercially available modules, most of which use silicon wafers or ribbons. My analysis will show that the choice of Si wafers or substrates, once deemed to be the most important aspect, ended up making only negligible differences for commercial products, as long as cells are prepared by diffusion and screen printing. I will also address the prospects and requirements for both next generation thin-film modules and super-high (&amp;gt;20%) efficient commercial crystalline Si cells. It is shown that traditional recombination loss analyses provide a poor tool for understanding limitations of cell and module performance, because those analytical schemes ignore dominating interactions between different loss mechanisms (e.g., of surface and bulk recombination).

Topic: Silicon and Solar Cell Technologies
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Laboratory Simulation Methods for Studying Complex Collaborative Tasks

This paper describes a new laboratory model developed for studying complex CSCW phenomena. In our prior work a more ecological laboratory approach was developed to study activity awareness issues derived directly from earlier fieldwork. In the first study participants worked on a simulated long-term project with a confederate who introduced collaborative breakdown scenarios. Although the study produced many realistic behaviors, findings indicated that there was room for improving the model by making the simulation more ecological and engaging for participants. This paper examines the results of a follow-up study conducted with the goal of improving the laboratory model. The follow-up study varied two important elements of simulation from the first study. A real long-term project was used, and the confederate was replaced with another participant. Differences in results from the two studies indicate how the changes made to the model impacted its effectiveness.

Topic: Usability and User Interface Design
Subfield: Human-Computer Interaction
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
A 3D semantic segmentation network for accurate neuronal soma segmentation

Neuronal soma segmentation plays a crucial role in neuroscience applications. However, the fine structure, such as boundaries, small-volume neuronal somata and fibers, are commonly present in cell images, which pose a challenge for accurate segmentation. In this paper, we propose a 3D semantic segmentation network for neuronal soma segmentation to address this issue. Using an encoding-decoding structure, we introduce a Multi-Scale feature extraction and Adaptive Weighting fusion module (MSAW) after each encoding block. The MSAW module can not only emphasize the fine structures via an upsampling strategy, but also provide pixel-wise weights to measure the importance of the multi-scale features. Additionally, a dynamic convolution instead of normal convolution is employed to better adapt the network to input data with different distributions. The proposed MSAW-based semantic segmentation network (MSAW-Net) was evaluated on three neuronal soma images from mouse brain and one neuronal soma image from macaque brain, demonstrating the efficiency of the proposed method. It achieved an F1 score of 91.8% on Fezf2-2A-CreER dataset, 97.1% on LSL-H2B-GFP dataset, 82.8% on Thy1-EGFP-Mline dataset, and 86.9% on macaque dataset, achieving improvements over the 3D U-Net model by 3.1%, 3.3%, 3.9%, and 2.3%, respectively.

Topic: Cell Image Analysis Techniques
Subfield: Biophysics
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Indirect micellar spectrophotometric determination of lead in various soybean based products using green chemistry

The study was conducted for the purpose of quantifying lead in various samples of soy-products by micellar spectrophotometry using green chemistry approach. The ligandN2P4HB was synthesized for the purpose with the help of weak acid and is found to be soluble in alcohol, acetone and in chlorinated hydrocarbons such as chloroform. It dissolves in alkaline aqueous media but is practically insoluble in water at pH less than 6. In the presence of surfactants its solubility has been found to be increased significantly. On addition of solution of ligand in presence of surfactants to metal ion solution, colored complex were formed. The local nonpolar microenvironment of the micelles incorporates the non-polar colored complex. Secondly a marked increase in absorption intensity has also been observed. This phenomenon of micellar solubilization with increasing absorption intensity has been used to develop a novel, green, simple, inexpensive and sensitive spectrophotometric method for determination of heavy metal ion in various soy products.

Topic: Electrochemical Analysis and Applications
Subfield: Electrochemistry
Field: Chemistry
Domain: Physical Sciences
Ferals, strays, pets: how to control the cats that are eating our wildlife

Feral domestic cats are a global threat to biodiversity and were recently named as the biggest threat to endangered Australian mammals.

But what about your pet cat, or the local stray? While any kind of domestic cat can kill wildlife, there’s no “one size fits all” way to manage their impact.

Before we figure out how best to manage cats, we first need to distinguish between the different categories.

Topic: Human-Animal Interaction Studies
Subfield: Genetics
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
The Clinical Features of Co-circulating Dengue Viruses and the Absence of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever in Pakistan

1 Dengue virus (DENV) is the most common and widespread arboviral infection worldwide. Though all four DENV serotypes cocirculate in nature, the clinicopathological framework of these serotypes is undefined in Pakistan. A cross-sectional, observational study was performed to document the circulation of various arboviruses in the Sindh region of Pakistan. Here we describe a population of patients diagnosed with DENV spanning a 2-year period. A total of 168 NS1 positive patients were recruited of which 91 patients were serotyped via RT-PCR. There was no significant difference between sex or age for infection risk and peak transmission occurred during the Autumn months. DENV2 was the most common serotype followed by DENV1 then DENV3, then DENV4. The data show that DENV1 had the greatest impact on the liver with higher frequency of abnormal liver function tests; DENV2 affected the central nervous system and joints; DENV3 affected the urinary system and blood; and DENV4 caused headaches and rash. Notably no dengue hemorrhagic fever or other manifestations of severe dengue fever were present in patients with primary or secondary infections. This study used an orthogonal system of NS1 antigen ELISA followed by RT-PCR for DENV detection and subtyping. We were able to identify significantly more NS1 antigen positive patients than RT-PCR. This study demonstrates that all four DENV serotypes are co-circulating and co-infecting in Pakistan.

Topic: Mosquito-borne diseases and control
Subfield: Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
On a high-performance vlsi solution to database problems

Abstract : This thesis explores the design and use of custom-made VLSI hardware in the area of database problems. Our effort differs from most previous ones in that we search for structures and algorithms, directly implementable on silicon, for the solution of computation-intensive database problems. The types of target database systems include the general database management systems and the design database systems. The thesis deals mainly with database systems of the relational model. One common view concerning special-purpose hardware usage is that it performs a specific task. The proposed device is not a hardware solution to a specific problem, but provides a number of useful data structures and basic operations. It can be used to improve the performance of any sequential algorithm which makes extensive use of such data structures and basic operations. The design is based on a few basic cells, interconnected together in the form of a complete binary tree. The proposed device can handle all the basic relational operations: select, join, project, union, and intersection. With a special-purpose device of limited size attached to a host, the overall performance may ultimately be dictated by the I/O between the two sites. The ideal special-purpose device design is one that achieves a balance between computation and I/O. We propose a model to study the I/O complexity for sorting n numbers with any special-purpose hardware device of size s, and show a lower bound result of omega (n log n/log s). We present an optimal design achieving this bound. An important finding is that for practical ranges on the quantity of data to be sorted, systolic sorting devices of small sizes can beat fast sequential sorting algorithms.

Topic: Algorithms and Data Compression
Subfield: Artificial Intelligence
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Multi-omics reveals changed energy metabolism of liver and muscle by caffeine after mice swimming

In recent years, numerous studies have investigated the effects of caffeine on exercise, and provide convincing evidence for its ergogenic effects on exercise performance. However, the precise mechanisms underlying these ergogenic effects remain unclear. In this study, an exercise swimming model was conducted to investigate the effects of orally administered with caffeine before swimming on the alterations of proteome and energy metabolome of liver and muscle after swimming. We found proteins in liver, such as S100a8, S100a9, Gabpa, Igfbp1 and Sdc4, were significantly up-regulated, while Rbp4 and Tf decreased after swimming were further down-regulated in caffeine group. The glycolysis and pentose phosphate pathways in liver and muscle were both significantly down-regulated in caffeine group. The pyruvate carboxylase and amino acid levels in liver, including cysteine, serine and tyrosine, were markedly up-regulated in caffeine group, exhibiting a strong correlation with the increased pyruvic acid and oxaloacetate levels in muscle. Moreover, caffeine significantly decreased the lactate levels in both liver and muscle after swimming, potentially benefiting exercise performance.

Topic: Muscle metabolism and nutrition
Subfield: Cell Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
On the Bounds of Van der Waerden Numbers

abstract: Van der Waerden’s Theorem asserts that for any two positive integers k and r, one may find an integer w=w(k,r) known as the Van der Waerden Number such that for every r-coloring of the integers from 1 to w there exists a monochromatic arithmetic progression of length k. This groundbreaking theorem in combinatorics has greatly impacted the field of discrete math for decades. However, it is quite difficult to find the exact values of w. As such, it would be worth more of our time to try and bound such a value, both from below and above, in order to restrict the possible values of the Van der Waerden Numbers. In this thesis we will endeavor to bound such a number; in addition to proving Van der Waerden’s Theorem, we will discuss the unique functions that bound the Van der Waerden Numbers.

Topic: Magnetic confinement fusion research
Subfield: Nuclear and High Energy Physics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Constitutive versus Regulated Traffic of GLUT4

Glucose transporter GLUT4 allows glucose uptake into muscle and adipose cells. Insulin promotes recruitment and plasma membrane insertion of GLUT4 vesicles that can recycle constitutively. Obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus are associated with defects in insulin-induced GLUT4 recruitment. Knowledge of alternative modes and steps of GLUT4 traffic in L6-GLUT4myc muscle cells may reveal possible targets for therapeutic intervention in insulin-resistant patients. Hypertonicity and Platelet Derived Growth Factor also increase surface GLUT4 levels but it was unknown if they tap on the same intracellular GLUT4 depots as insulin.&#13;\nWe explored whether GLUT4 vesicles recycle using different compartments and mechanisms for the surface gain elicited by each stimulus. We hypothesized that all vesicle fusion steps require NSF but depend on individual v-SNAREs. Specifically, we tested effects of ATPase-deficient NSF or VAMP7 siRNA transfections, and endosomal ablation on GLUT4 traffic. We show that VAMP7 was required for basal and hypertonic recycling, while VAMP2 is exclusively used in response to insulin. &#13;\nAs insulin action bifurcates downstream of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, we also hypothesized that the Rac-to-actin and Akt-to-AS160 branches regulate distinct GLUT4 traffic steps. For this we determined GLUT4myc localization in rounded myoblasts relative to a surface marker. Interfering with Rac, actin dynamics or actin-binding α-actinin4 maintained GLUT4 in a perinuclear region even under insulin-stimulation. Interfering with AS160 allowed significant GLUT4 accumulation beneath the membrane, but not fusion. We propose that actin dynamics and α-actinin4 are required for cortical GLUT4 tethering mechanisms, and AS160 contributes to GLUT4 docking/fusion. We confirmed that VAMP2 facilitates GLUT4 fusion, as tetanus toxin-based cleavage did not inhibit peripheral GLUT4 recruitment. Finally, AS160 targets Rab8A and Rab14 in muscle respectively affected GLUT4 availability for membrane fusion, and basal GLUT4 retention. &#13;\nThis work will lead to future testing of strategies to selectively enhance vesicle availability, tethering, or surface fusion, for bypassing insulin resistance.

Topic: Metabolism, Diabetes, and Cancer
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Prediction of Neonatal Metabolic Acidosis in Women with a Singleton Term Pregnancy in Cephalic Presentation: An External Validation Study

External validation of the clinical prediction models for metabolic acidosis in Swedish infants showed good calibration and moderate discriminative ability. Updating of the models to enhance their predictive abilities seems indicated.

Topic: Neonatal Respiratory Health Research
Subfield: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Keys to the Successful Indexing of the Archives of Plastic Surgery in Science Citation Index Expanded

Recently, we were invited to attend the workshop for members of the Editorial Board of the Archives of Plastic Surgery (APS) to share our experience of the Science Citation Index Expanded (SCIE) indexing of the Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility (impact factor [IF] of 2013, 2.698). The Editor-in-Chief wanted us to review two issues of APS and to comment on them. Through this experience, we assessed the strengths and weaknesses of APS and how to compensate for the weaknesses.

Topic: Academic Publishing and Open Access
Subfield: Information Systems and Management
Field: Decision Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
DO ADVERSE CHILDHOOD EXPERIENCES IMPACT PARENTING SKILLS, LIFE SATISFACTION, AND RESILIENT COPING SKILLS: A DESCRIPTIVE STUDY OF HISPANIC PARENTS IN SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA

ABSTRACT\nAdverse Childhood Experiences, or ACES, are traumatic events that happen from ages 0-18. ACEs have been linked to physical and emotional issues in adulthood. Some issues include chronic disease, struggles with mental health, and the adoption of maladaptive coping skills. This research sought to assess the impact of Adverse Childhood Experiences in parenting skills, overall life satisfaction, and the use of resilient coping skills on Hispanic parents residing in Southern California. The study utilizes an online survey to gather numerical data on the impact of ACES in the areas of life mentioned above. A bivariate analysis was used to analyze if there is a correlation between ACEs, parenting skills, life satisfaction, and the use of resilient coping strategies. The results of this study showed there is no significant relationship between ACEs and the factors listed above. However, there were several limitations to the study. The research findings provide the invitation for further research and evaluation of the impact of traumatic experiences in childhood, or ACEs, for social work professionals interested in early intervention and prevention services.

Topic: Magnetic confinement fusion research
Subfield: Nuclear and High Energy Physics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
SUSTAINABILITY PERFORMANCE OF INFORMAL MICRO-ENTERPRISES: THE CASE OF SENEGAL

This study empirically investigates the relationship between entrepreneurial competencies and sustainability performance. It also explores the direct effects of financial capital, human capital, social capital, government support and business environment on sustainability performance of micro-enterprises operating in the informal sector. The study is conducted within the context of Senegal and through the lens of resource-based view theory. Employing a cross-sectional design, data is collected from randomly selected micro and small entrepreneurs operating in the informal sector. The outcomes include a positive effect of opportunity recognition competency, commitment competency and government support on the sustainability performance of micro-enterprises. An Importance Performance Matrix analysis indicates that these factors are the most important factors determining sustainability performance of micro-enterprises within the context of the informal sector. The findings extend the scope of RBV while simultaneously enhancing the knowledge and understanding pertaining to the interplay of entrepreneurial competencies and sustainability performance, particularly for small business operators in the informal sector. Implications are drawn to theory development, practice and public policy.

Topic: Innovation and Socioeconomic Development
Subfield: Business and International Management
Field: Business, Management and Accounting
Domain: Social Sciences
A study on neuroprotective effect of cod liver oil in bilateral common carotid artery occlusion induced global cerebral ischemia in rats

Cerebral ischemia is a syndrome characterized by rapid onset of neurological injury due to interruption of blood flow to the brain and it leads to various pathological modalities such as mitochondrial damage, neuronal cell death and also associated with oxidative stress and DNA fragmentation. The present study reports the neuroprotective activity of Cod liver oil in cerebral ischemic rats. Cerebral ischemia was induced in rats by the bilateral common carotid artery occlusion (BCCAO) and Cod liver oil was evaluated at four different time points i.e., 30mins before cerebral ischemia (day 1), followed by 24, 48 and 72 hours post first dose. Biochemical parameters viz., lipid peroxidase (LPO), acetyl cholinesterase (AChE), reduced glutathione (GSH) and total protein levels were estimated. The different doses of Cod liver oil have significantly improved the altered levels of LPO, AChE, GSH and total protein levels in treatment groups which prior undergone occlusion procedure for 10mins in rats. Histopathological observation supports the prevention in architecture of the brain due to the treatment with Cod liver oil against occlusion induced cerebral ischemia in rats. The results obtained from the study suggested that the neuroprotective effect of Cod liver oil was mediated through the antioxidant, free radical scavenging activity and also return of biochemical marker level near to normal values.

Topic: Neurological Disease Mechanisms and Treatments
Subfield: Neurology
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences