jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Preparation and characterization of membrane fractions enriched in outer and inner envelope membranes from spinach chloroplasts. I. Electrophoretic and immunochemical analyses.

We have developed a fast and reliable method for the separation of two membrane fractions respectively enriched in outer and inner envelope membranes from isolated, intact, purified spinach chloroplasts kept in a hypertonic medium (0.6 M mannitol). This separation was achieved by osmotically shrinking the inner envelope membrane, thus widening the intermembrane space, and then subsequently removing the "loosened" outer envelope membrane by applying low pressure to the shrunken chloroplasts and slowly extruding them through the small aperture of a Yeda press under controlled conditions. By centrifugation of the mixture obtained through a discontinuous sucrose gradient, we were able to separate two membrane fractions having different densities (fraction 2 or light fraction, d = 1.08 g/cm3, and fraction 3 or heavy fraction, d = 1.13 g/cm3). The recent characterization of polypeptides localized on the outer envelope membrane from spinach chloroplasts, E10 and E24 (Joyard, J., Billecocq, A., Bartlett, S. G., Block, M. A., Chua, N.-H., and Douce, R. J. Biol. Chem., 258, 10000-10006) enabled us to characterize our two membrane fractions. Analyses of the polypeptides by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacryl-amide gel electrophoresis and immunoblotting have shown that fraction 2 (light fraction) was completely devoid of polypeptide E30, which is involved in the transport of phosphate across the inner envelope membrane, but was enriched in polypeptides E10 and E24. The reverse was true for fraction 3 (heavy fraction). Under these conditions, it is clear that fraction 2 is strongly enriched in outer envelope membrane whereas fraction 3 consisted mostly of inner envelope membrane. Indeed, by immunoelectrophoresis, we were able to demonstrate that, on a protein basis, fraction 2 contained about 90% of outer membrane, whereas fraction 3 contained about 80% of inner membrane. Further characterization of the outer envelope membrane was achieved by using thermolysin, a nonpenetrant protease.

Topic: Photosynthetic Processes and Mechanisms
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
The treatment of threatened premature labor by tocolytics, Ca++-Antagonists and anti-inflammatory drugs.

Prevention of premature labor is of considerable interest in research and clinics. Three groups of pharmacological agents can inhibit uterine activity: tocolytics, spasmolytics, and anti-inflammatory drugs. Tocolvtics like isoprenaline and fenoterol stimulate the beta-adrenergic receptors in decreasing the amplitude of contractions but with little effort on the muscle tone. Spasmolytic uterine inhibitors produce primarily a decrease in contraction frequency and tonus, and finally in high concentrations a decrease of the amplitude of contraction. An alteration of the electro-mechnaical coupling mechanism of the muscle cell via calcium antagonism is discussed. A combined application of both drugs, tocolytics and spasmolvtics, potentiates the inhibitory effect and may simultaneously reduce undesirable systemic and cardiovascular side effects. Anti-inflammatory agents of the acetylsalicylic acid or indometacin type reduce uterine activity by inhibition of prostaglandin synetheis and release. They are clinically used as complementary agents in case of unsuccessful tocolytic or spasmolytic inhibition of uterine activity. In our study only 21.4 per cent out of 603 cases of threatened premature labor justified a tocolytic treatment. Before attempting an inhibition one must decide on certain clinical parameters.

Topic: Preterm Birth and Chorioamnionitis
Subfield: Epidemiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Landuse And Land Cover Change Of Alluvial Plain Using Geographic Information System And Integration High Resolution Imagery And Google Street View In Sempaja, Samarinda City

Rapid urbanization in urban alluvial plains presents significant challenges, including changes in land use and land cover in the Sempaja alluvial plain of Samarinda City from 2002 to 2023 have increased flood risk in the area. This study aims to analyze land use and land cover changes and their impact on flood risk using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and the integration of high-resolution imagery with Google Street View. Data were obtained from high-resolution satellite imagery (2002, 2013) by google earth pro and the 2023 photo map by the Ministry of Agrarian Affairs and Spatial Planning/National Land Agency of the Republic of Indonesia (ATR/BPN) which were then processed and analyzed using ArcGIS 10.8 software. GIS analysis revealed an increase in built-up areas from 30.6 hectares (14%) in 2002 to 73 hectares (34%) in 2023. The findings also show a decrease in the area of natural wetlands and rice fields converted into residential and commercial zones, leading to increased surface runoff and flood risk. The construction of stilt houses around the Karang Mumus River represents an effective adaptive strategy to local hydrological conditions. This study highlights the need for sustainable urban planning and improved flood management, including wetland preservation, green infrastructure creation, and adequate drainage systems. The implications of this research emphasize the importance of integrating various building types in urban planning to enhance flood resilience.

Topic: Soil and Land Suitability Analysis
Subfield: Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Peran Tenaga Pendidik Dalam Mengembangkan Pola Belajar Siswa di SMK Tunas Berkarya Batam

The era of globalization demands the role of teachers to adapt to the challenges that are not easy in teaching and fostering students who are their duties and responsibilities as educators. Tri Dharma of Higher Education as a guide for lecturers in carrying out their duties as educators. Community service, on this occasion carried out at SMK Tunas Muda Berkarya Batu Aji Batam. The purpose of service is to conduct training for Educators in Developing Effective Learning Patterns for students. The method we use is to give presentations and discussions for 1 hour and 30 minutes to educators and students so that we get input on appropriate learning for students and efficient methods in implementing learning to students. The results of the service concluded that the increasing understanding of teachers about effective learning patterns applied to students by combining offline and online learning and hubryd learning learning so that students become many alternative learning options that are not boring.

Topic: Educational Curriculum and Learning Methods
Subfield: Education
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Polymorphism Diacylglycerol Acyltransferase 1 (DGAT1) Gene in Bali Cattle

Bali cattle is a native cattle from Indonesia that has tremendous potential to be developed. However, the utilization is not yet optimal. Carcass quality is one of the unoptimized traits and molecular approach is used to study this trait. One of the markers that can be used to study carcass quality is Diacylglycerol Acyltransferase 1 (DGAT) gene. The purpose of this study was to identify the diversity of Diacylglycerol Acyltransferase 1 (DGAT) gene in Bali cattle at Bali Cattle Breeding Center. Sequencing method and defining the right SNP on the target fragment of DGAT1 gene were used for this study. The number of samples used in this study were 48 heads of Bali cattle consisting of 24 males and 24 females. Primer DGAT1 gene amplification used forward 5'-CACCATCCTCTTCCTCA-3’ and reverse 5'-GGAAGCGCTTTCGGATG-3'. Identification of DGAT1 gene diversity was conducted by direct sequencing of allele and genotype methods. Hardy-Weinberg balance was calculated by GENEPOP (V3.2). The result of analysis found SNP in DGAT1 gene in Bali cattle. There were SNP c.10433G> A and c.10434C> A, but they were monomorphic.

Topic: Livestock Farming and Management
Subfield: Agronomy and Crop Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Temporal Proteomic Analysis of Intestine Developing Necrotizing Enterocolitis following Enteral Formula Feeding to Preterm Pigs

Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), a serious gastrointestinal inflammatory disease, frequently occurs in preterm neonates that fail to adapt to enteral nutrition. A temporal gel-based proteomics study was performed on porcine intestine with NEC lesions induced by enteral formula feeding. Functional assignment of the differentially expressed proteins revealed that important cellular functions, such as the heat shock response, protein processing; and purine, nitrogen, energy metabolism, were possible involved in the early progression of NEC.

Topic: Infant Nutrition and Health
Subfield: Nutrition and Dietetics
Field: Nursing
Domain: Health Sciences
Supplementary Video 8 from Pattern of Invasion in Human Pancreatic Cancer Organoids Is Associated with Loss of SMAD4 and Clinical Outcome

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Video 8. Time-lapse analysis of SMAD4-mutant PDAC organoids: Dox+TGFβ+.&lt;/p&gt;

Topic: TGF-β signaling in diseases
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
[Clinical strains of Burkholderia cepacia: characteristic and detection of the components in the quorum sensing regulatory system].

Described in the paper are characteristics of B. cepacia clinical strains isolated from patients at Moscow hospitals. The strains were investigated for the presence of proteolytic, chitinolytic, hemolytic and lipase activities as well as for presence of components of the "Quorum sensing" gene activity regulatory system by using biological test-systems and in the polymerase chain reaction with primers to genes cepI and cepR.

Topic: Bacterial biofilms and quorum sensing
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Prediction model for fracturing incremental recovery of damaged well in low-permeability reservoir and sensitivity analysis

The equivalent start-up pressure gradient within the fracturing radius decreases after reservoir fracturing.A low velocity flow equation including start-up pressure gradient was introduced in the productivity prediction model of fractured wells in low-permeability reservoir.And a prediction model for fracturing incremental recovery of damaged well was developed in radical and steady flow conditions.The influencing factors for productivity of damaged well after fracturing were analyzed.The results show that the variation of start-up pressure gradient has a great effect on productivity of damaged well after fracturing.The contributions of semi-length and width of fractures to incremental recovery are different.Furthermore,the contributions of fracture parameters and improving level of factor skin to incremental recovery have optimization values.

Topic: Hydraulic Fracturing and Reservoir Analysis
Subfield: Mechanical Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Superoxide Radical: An Endogenous Toxicant

The Two Faces of Oxygen Molecular oxygen is both benign and malign. On the one hand it provides enormous advantages and on the other it imposes a universal toxicity. This toxicity is largely due to the intermediates of oxygen reduction, i.e. 0;, H202, and OH·, and any organism that avails itself of the benefits of oxygen does so at the cost of maintaining an elaborate system of defenses against these intermediates. We will here concern ourselves with the superoxide dismutases which, by catalytically scavenging 0;, provide a defense against it and against any reactive radical species which can be derived from it.

Topic: Glutathione Transferases and Polymorphisms
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
fitlins_tests

This component was built from a DataLad dataset using the datalad-osf extension (https://github.com/datalad/datalad-osf). With this extension installed, this component can be git or datalad cloned from a 'osf://ID' URL, where 'ID' is the OSF node ID that shown in the OSF HTTP URL, e.g. https://osf.io/q8xnk/ can be cloned from osf://q8xnk

Topic: Magnetic confinement fusion research
Subfield: Nuclear and High Energy Physics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
&lt;title&gt;Model-based multiple-sensor dynamic scene interpretation&lt;/title&gt;

A model-based method is developed with the overall objective of estimating multiple object motion in 3-D from one or more image sequences. Object 3-D positions and orientations are obtained by recognition of 3-D objects from an object library and determining object viewpoints for each image frame. There are two stages in the viewpoint determination. First, the relational structures in an edge line image are matched with the relational structures in 2-D projections of 3-D model lines to select candidate object models and associated viewpoints from the model library. In the second stage, the selected object model is verified using a viewpoint consistency constraints. Thereafter, motion information may be derived. Stereo sensors, where available, provide additional and redundant information. A comprehensive example is shown.

Topic: Advanced Vision and Imaging
Subfield: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
The dialogue of cultures: theoretical and practical features of cultural production

In this article the cultural product is understood in two contexts. According to the first one it is perceived as a result of cultural production, which depends on the characteristics of cultural work and communication between the producer and the audience, ie the peculiarities of the consumption of cultural products. According to the second approach it is a tool for cultural dialogue and cultural diplomacy. Thus, the logic of presenting the theses is intended to analyze three main aspects: cultural work (its specific features, the level of understanding and perception), cultural consumption (dialogue of the artist with the audience, ethics of art production), features of the ecosystem of cultural production of Ukraine. The necessity to legitimize the cultural economics (an inherent component of cultural space) as a subject of research focuses on three main tasks: first, to create an appropriate ecosystem for cultural development (from training to clear financial terms, the status of cultural production in society and economy); secondly, to reproduce the laws of social relations in cultural production (from working conditions and the status of artists to dialogue with the audience or the consumption of cultural products) and thirdly, to implement the strategies for the development of culture and cultural industries. This justifies the relevance of the given topic for research, aimed to analyze the importance of the economic component of cultural production for the concept of cultural dialogue.

Topic: Cultural Industries and Urban Development
Subfield: Urban Studies
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Band gap shift in the indium-tin-oxide films on polyethylene napthalate after thermal annealing in air

Indium-tin-oxide (ITO) thin films on polyethylene napthalate (PEN) with high carrier concentration (∼1021∕cm3) have been grown by electron-beam deposition without the introduction of oxygen into the chamber. The electrical properties of the ITO films (such as, carrier concentration, electrical mobility, and resistivity) abruptly changed after annealing in the air atmospheres. In addition, optical transmittance and optical band gap values significantly changed after heat treatment. The optical band gap narrowing behavior is observed in the as-deposited sample because of impurity band and heavy carrier concentration. The influence of annealing in air on the electrical and optical properties of ITO∕PEN samples can be explained by the change in the free electron concentration, which is evaluated in terms of the oxygen content. Rutherford backscattering spectrometry and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analyses are used to determine the oxygen content in the film. Hall effect measurements are used to determine the dependence of electrical properties on oxygen content.

Topic: ZnO doping and properties
Subfield: Materials Chemistry
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Closure to "Debris-Blocking Sensitivity of Piano Key Weirs under Reservoir-Type

The writers were pleased to read the overview of some work pub-lished so far on piano key weirs (PKWs) and labyrinth weirs aspresented by the discusser. Besides the publications mentioned bythe discusser, two recent workshop proceedings give a comprehen-sivesummary on the current state of the art on PKWs and labyrinthweirs (Erpicum et al. 2011, 2013).Regarding the discussed paper on the effect of driftwood onthe discharge efficiency of PKWs (Pfister et al. 2013a), some addi-tional insights can be added that have been gained in the meantimeas a result of further model investigations and prototype observa-tions, as well as discussions with dam operators using PKWs ontheir spillways.Remarks on the Sensitivity of PKWs RegardingDebrisPKWs are probably less sensitive to the effect of driftwood on thedischarge capacity than classical weir types, as for instance ogees.However, there is presently a lack of explicit observations allowingfor a direct comparison. Nevertheless, the following facts supportthis assumption:1. Considering a virtual approach flow channel upstream ofbuilt or planned PKWs owned by Electricite de France (EDF)(Laugier et al. 2013) with a width W and a height Pþ Hunder their design discharge Q results in maximum channelapproach flow Froude number F ¼ Q=½Wg

Topic: Hydraulic flow and structures
Subfield: Civil and Structural Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Analysis of the Structural Relationships among Self-Reflection, Future Time Perspective, Self-Control, Empathy and Moral Behaviors of Pre-Service Elementary School Teachers

이 연구는 예비초등교사가 지각하는 자기성찰, 미래지향 시간관, 자기통제력, 공감, 도덕적 행동 간의 구조적인 인과관계와 직․간접효과를 규명하는 것이다. 이를 위해 전국 8개 교육대학교에 재학 중인 794명의 학생들을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였으며, 최종적으로 771명의 자료가 분석에 활용되었다. 수집된 자료는 SPSS Ver 26.0과 AMOS Ver 26.0 프로그램을 사용하여 구조방정식모델 절차에 따라 분석하였다. 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 예비초등교사의 공감은 도덕적 행동에 직접효과가 있다. 그러나 자기성찰, 미래지향 시간관, 자기통제력은 도덕적 행동에 직접효과가 없다. 둘째, 예비초등교사의 자기성찰, 미래지향 시간관, 자기통제력은 공감을 매개로 도덕적 행동에 간접효과가 있다. 셋째, 예비초등교사의 자기성찰과 도덕적 행동 간의 관계에서 미래지향 시간관과 자기통제력, 공감을 매개로 간접효과가 있다. 또한 자기성찰에서 미래지향 시간관, 공감에서 도덕적 행동으로 가는 이중매개 경로와, 자기성찰에서 자기통제력, 공감에서 도덕적 행동으로 가는 이중매개 경로가 밝혀졌다. 이 연구는 자기성찰이 도덕적 행동에 영향을 미치는 과정을 설명하는 변인인 미래지향 시간관과 자기통제력 및 공감의 경로를 확인하였다는 점에서 의의가 있다.

Topic: Psychosocial Factors Impacting Youth
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Adaptive SVR-HDMR Metamodeling Technique for High Dimensional Problems

Modeling or approximating high dimensional, computationally-expensive problems faces an exponentially increasing difficulty, the "curse of dimensionality". This paper proposes a new form of high dimensional model representation (HDMR) by utilizing the support vector regression (SVR), termed as adaptive SVR-HMDR, to conquer this dilemma. The proposed model could reveal explicit correlations among different input variables of the underlying function which is unknown or expensive for computation. Taking advantage of HDMR's hierarchical structure, it could alleviate the exponential increasing difficulty, and gain satisfying accuracy with small set of samples by SVR. Numerical examples of different dimensionality are given to illustrate the principle, procedure and performance of SVR-HDMR.

Topic: Probabilistic and Robust Engineering Design
Subfield: Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty
Field: Decision Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
[Share of extracellular mutated mitochondrial DNA increases in plasma of lung cancer patients following radiotherapy].

Quantitative and qualitative changes in circulating extracellular DNA (ec-DNA) of blood plasma are considered as markers for diagnosis and prognostic of tumor pathology. We investigated the content of mutant copies of the circulating extracellular mitochondrial DNA (ec-mtDNA) in blood plasma (using the enzymatic method, based on the cleavage of DNA with unpaired bases by CEL-I endonuclease) in 8 patients with lung cancer before and after radiotherapy, as well as in healthy young and elderly donors. It was found that in the plasma of healthy elderly donors share of ec-mtDNA with mutations (consisting of total circulating DNA) is much greater, than that of young donors. On the other hand, in the plasma of lung cancer patients (aged 70-76 years) before radiotherapy a substantial increase in the share of ec-mtDNA with mutations, compared with that of healthy elderly donors. Following radiotherapy, patients with lung cancer found a twofold increase of the proportion of ec-mtDNA with mutations in the total circulating plasma DNA. This increase is largely, perhaps due to the release of ec-mtDNA with mutations from dying tumor cells and cells damaged by normal tissues.

Topic: Cancer Genomics and Diagnostics
Subfield: Cancer Research
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Amorphous silica reduces N2O emissions from arable land at the field plot scale

Introduction Increasing greenhouse gas emissions pose a strong threat due to accelerating global warming. N 2 O emissions are highly important in this regard as N 2 O is a very powerful greenhouse gas. Agriculture is the main human-induced source for N 2 O emissions, contributing roughly 60% to total N 2 O emissions. Soil amorphous silica (ASi) contents are reduced in arable soils due to yearly exports by crop harvest as most crops are silicon accumulator plants. Most recently it has been shown that ASi is increasing water and nutrient availability in soils. Both factors are known to directly and indirectly affect N 2 O emissions from agroecosystems. Methods In this study we conducted a field plot trial on arable soil depleted in ASi and fertilized this soil to its pre-agricultural ASi level. Results Our data clearly shows that increasing soil ASi to a pre-agricultural level decreased seasonal N 2 O emissions by ∼30%. Discussion This reduction of N 2 O emissions due to ASi might be of global relevance as agricultural practice has reduced the ASi content in agricultural soils. If future studies confirm the effect of ASi on N 2 O emissions, the soil ASi depletion by agricultural practice in the last decades may have led to a substantial increase of N 2 O emissions.

Topic: Silicon Effects in Agriculture
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences