jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Correction: Leisure sedentary time and physical activity are higher in neighbourhoods with denser greenness and better built environments: an analysis of the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging

The maximum of annual mean Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) within 1000 m for 2011 and 2013 was used to evaluate greenness in participant neighbourhoods.

Topic: Urban Green Space and Health
Subfield: Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
A cooperative remote rehabilitation system

In this paper a new architecture for robotic rehabilitation is introduced. The mutual interaction between the therapist and patient is accomplished with robots. The architecture divides the system into three subsystems: therapist, patient, and virtual environment, which is controlled locally ensuring that it is input to state stable (ISS). Finally, the interconnection of these subsystems are shown to be stable in the presence of communication time delays. The defined scenario for the proposed architecture is as follows. The patient is considered to be generative in first stage of the rehabilitation process, which means that she/he moves the interacted robot without help from the therapist, until loosing her/his strength. Afterward, in the second stage the therapist assists her/him to continue the movement. Therefore, the patient is active at the first stage and switches to passive mode in the second stage. Hence, the controllers should deal with active robots in the teleoperation as well as passive ones. Finally, simulation results are given to validate the performance of the proposed structure.

Topic: Stroke Rehabilitation and Recovery
Subfield: Rehabilitation
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Additional file 11 of Multi-omics integration identifies key upstream regulators of pathomechanisms in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy due to truncating MYBPC3 mutations

Additional file 11: Table S3 (A) Differentially expressed genes between HCM and control hearts from the RNA-seq data. (B) Enriched GO terms and pathways by up-regulated genes in HCM versus control hearts. (C) Enriched GO terms and pathways by down-regulated genes in HCM versus control hearts

Topic: Cardiomyopathy and Myosin Studies
Subfield: Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Chaotic motion of microplugs under high-frequency thermocapillary actuation

This paper reports experimental results on chaotic motion of liquid plugs under high-frequency thermocapillary actuation. In the experiments, two heaters were alternately activated. The liquid plug was positioned in a glass capillary between these two heaters. The periodic temperature gradients generated by the two heaters made the liquid plug move back and forth. The images of the plug were captured by a camera. Plug position by a customized image-processing programme. The results were recorded as time series for further analysis. The nonlinear motion of the liquid plug in a glass capillary was systematically investigated with tools coming from chaotic dynamics. Phase-space portraits are reconstructed from the time series of the plug position obtained in the experiments. The results show that the limit sets formed by the phase-space trajectories are attractors. The largest Lyapunov exponent and correlation dimension of these attractors are calculated and indicate that these attractors are chaotic. A chaotic plug motion has potential applications in fluid mixing inside liquid plugs of capillary-based microfluidics. External chaotic motion could improve mixing in liquid plugs of capillary-based lab-on-a-chip platforms.

Topic: Electrowetting and Microfluidic Technologies
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
The Analysis of the Test Features of the Fiber Optic Sensor Technique

The development of the fiber optic sensor has become the pioneer of the development of some edges measurement technique. The technique of the fiber optic sensor is the application in moving. Experiments show that by making use of the fiber op(?)c sensor for moving,and being with the method of Induction First Melt,we can immediately measure the micron class to move,and may also be used for measurement of the further distance.At the same time, it can proceed the optics measurement to surface appearance.

Topic: Advanced Sensor and Control Systems
Subfield: Control and Systems Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Cell wall modifications in roots of <i>in vitro</i> grown Douglas-fir plantlets exposed to aluminum

Aluminum (Al) is a trace element that may hamper plant growth and development. Tolerance mechanisms could imply the cell wall as it is the first barrier before entry into the plant cell. Douglas-fir plantlets were grown <i>in vitro</i> on media supplemented with different aluminum chloride (AlCl<sub>3</sub>) concentrations up to 1 mM. The characterization of the cell wall revealed quantitative and qualitative modifications in the polysaccharidic composition of the wall, in particular in roots whose pectins showed a higher galacturonic acid content with less ramification and a lower degree of methylesterification (DME) explained by a higher pectin methylesterase activity; these Al-induced changes suggest an Al-trapping process in cell wall structures. In stems and needles, the observed increase in DME rather suggests an exclusion of Al from the cell wall.

Topic: Aluminum toxicity and tolerance in plants and animals
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Exosomal hsa_circ_0007047 Attenuates Pos-myocardial Infarction Remodeling by Promoting Angiogenesis via miR-1178-3p/PDPK1 Axis

<title>Abstract</title> Emerging studies indicate that exosomes and their inner noncoding RNAs, especially circular RNAs (circRNAs), play key roles in gene regulatory network and cardiovascular repair. However, our understanding of exosomal circRNAs on cardiac remodeling after myocardial infarction (MI) remains limited. In the present study, exosomes were harvested from the serum of patients with and without postinfarction cardiac remodeling. The results showed that the level of hsa_circ_0007047 was significantly downregulated in serum exosome of patients with the adverse cardiac remodeling when compared with those without post-MI remodeling or normal subjects. Loss-of-function approaches in vitro<italic> </italic>established that exosomal hsa_circ_0007047 robustly promoted angiogenesis and stimulated of cultured human vascular smooth muscle cells proliferation and migration. Accordingly, overexpression of exosomal hsa_circ_0007047 in mice significantly attenuated MI-induced myocardial fibrosis and left ventricular dysfunction, accompanied by a larger functional capillary network at the border zone. Further exploration of the downstream target gene indicated that hsa_circ_0007047 acts as a competing endogenous RNA by directly binding to miR-1178-3p and thereby inducing transcription of its target gene phosphoinositide-dependent kinase-1 (PDPK1), a critical positive regulatory factor of angiogenesis. Together, our results revealed that exosomal hsa_circ_0007047 attenuated detrimental post-MI remodeling via miR-1178-3p/PDPK1 axis, which facilitated revascularization, ultimately improved the cardiac function.

Topic: Circular RNAs in diseases
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Diverse phenotypic expression of NPHP4 mutations in four siblings.

Nephronophthisis (NPHP) is an autosomal recessive disease characterized by renal tubular basement membrane disruption, interstitial fibrosis and tubular cysts that progresses to end-stage kidney disease (ESKD). There are also characteristic extrarenal manifestations. Mutations of more than thirteen genes that can cause NPHP have been identified. We herein report four siblings from a consanguineous family, who carried the same NPHP4 mutations but presented with different disease phenotypes ranging from enuresis nocturna to ESKD. Diluted urine and echogenic kidneys in ultrasound examination were consistent, which is typical for 100% of the NPHP cases that have been described. Chronic kidney disease developed in the older two brothers. The observed phenotypic differences are likely to be related to environmental and epigenetic factors, oligogenic inheritance and modifier genes affecting the age of presentation of signs and symptoms. NPHP should be considered as an important cause of CKD in children, which insidiously progresses to ESKD, with no specific therapy available.

Topic: Genetic and Kidney Cyst Diseases
Subfield: Genetics
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
The assimilation of anger in a case of dissociative identity disorder

The assimilation model considers personality as a community of voices, each representing the traces of past experiences. Problematic voices are kept separate by painful emotion, but they may be gradually assimilated into the community in successful psychotherapy. People with dissociative identity disorder may be considered as having multiple subcommunities of voices. For Kristen, a nineteen-year-old therapy client diagnosed with dissociative identity disorder, the process of assimilation proceeded in at least two ways. Assimilation appeared to occur via negotiation among Kristen's various subcommunities (alters). It also occurred simultaneously through dialogue between the discrepant voices within each of the subcommunities. In this paper, Kristen's and her primary alter's changing experiences of anger over a 36 month period of therapy were identified, tracked and discussed using the assimilation model.

Topic: Psychosomatic Disorders and Their Treatments
Subfield: Psychiatry and Mental health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Pseudo-Cut Strategies for Global Optimization

Motivated by the successful use of a pseudo-cut strategy within the setting of constrained nonlinear and nonconvex optimization in Lasdon et al. (2010), we propose a framework for general pseudo-cut strategies in global optimization that provides a broader and more comprehensive range of methods. The fundamental idea is to introduce linear cutting planes that provide temporary, possibly invalid, restrictions on the space of feasible solutions, as proposed in the setting of the tabu search metaheuristic in Glover (1989), in order to guide a solution process toward a global optimum, where the cutting planes can be discarded and replaced by others as the process continues. These strategies can be used separately or in combination, and can also be used to supplement other approaches to nonlinear global optimization. Our strategies also provide mechanisms for generating trial solutions that can be used with or without the temporary enforcement of the pseudo-cuts.

Topic: Advanced Optimization Algorithms Research
Subfield: Numerical Analysis
Field: Mathematics
Domain: Physical Sciences
Stimulated Raman Scattering Microscopy Enables Gleason Scoring of Prostate Core Needle Biopsy by a Convolutional Neural Network

Abstract Focal therapy (FT) has been proposed as an approach to eradicate clinically significant prostate cancer while preserving the normal surrounding tissues to minimize treatment-related toxicity. Rapid histology of core needle biopsies is essential to ensure the precise FT for localized lesions and to determine tumor grades. However, it is difficult to achieve both high accuracy and speed with currently available histopathology methods. Here, we demonstrated that stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) microscopy could reveal the largely heterogeneous histologic features of fresh prostatic biopsy tissues in a label-free and near real-time manner. A diagnostic convolutional neural network (CNN) built based on images from 61 patients could classify Gleason patterns of prostate cancer with an accuracy of 85.7%. An additional 22 independent cases introduced as external test dataset validated the CNN performance with 84.4% accuracy. Gleason scores of core needle biopsies from 21 cases were calculated using the deep learning SRS system and showed a 71% diagnostic consistency with grading from three pathologists. This study demonstrates the potential of a deep learning–assisted SRS platform in evaluating the tumor grade of prostate cancer, which could help simplify the diagnostic workflow and provide timely histopathology compatible with FT treatment. Significance: A platform combining stimulated Raman scattering microscopy and a convolutional neural network provides rapid histopathology and automated Gleason scoring on fresh prostate core needle biopsies without complex tissue processing.

Topic: Spectroscopy Techniques in Biomedical and Chemical Research
Subfield: Biophysics
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
That Diabolical Traffic: Archaeological Explorations of the Nineteenth Century Slave Trade in Coastal Guinea

The nineteenth century transatlantic slave trade had significant social, political, and economic ramifications for the coastal West African environments. As Britain pressured European and American imperial powers to join in anti-slave trading endeavors in the early portion of the nineteenth century, the slave trade was directed to areas such as the Rio Pongo in coastal Guinea, where imperial and national powers were scarce, and both legal and contraband trade could continue to succeed. In these situations, foreign traders were able to integrate themselves into local networks, gaining access to social and material capital, and creating a new class of transnational trading families that would direct the evolution of local social and political landscapes. This dissertation employs an interdisciplinary framework to investigate the variation among slave trading villages of the nineteenth century Rio Pongo. Archaeological excavations, documentary records, and oral traditions are examined to determine how historical factors affect daily life and political organization at these slave trading sites. Specifically, results from excavations conducted from 2016-2017 at the village of Gambia and oral traditions collected there are compared to archaeological information gathered in 2013 at the villages of Bangalan, Farenya, and Sanya Paulia in a consideration of wider-scale intercultural interactions. Looking at the ways in which material and architectural remains, contextualized through a historical lens, can indicate the intentional signaling of cultural and ethnic identities, I argue that transnational trading elites (and their families) manipulated their perceived identities towards a polarized “native” or “other” as a defensive mechanism and adaptive means to experience continued success in transatlantic slaving endeavors under the gaze of antislavery patrols. I explore how such manipulations contribute to variation in intra- and inter-site dynamics during the period of occupation, and consequently the variation in these dynamics affects the development and transmission of an institutionalized memory of the slave trade among local residents, contributing to an increasing discourse of the African Diaspora.

Topic: Global Maritime and Colonial Histories
Subfield: Anthropology
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Molecular Sorption on Ion-exchange Resins: Sorption of Coumarins

The column sorption-desorption of coumarin with water and methanol as solvents and the compare. Live sorption of coumarin and twelve substituted coumarin in 10% methanol (by volume) on a atrorigly basin anion-exchange resin, Amberlite IRA-400, have been studied.

Topic: Analytical Chemistry and Chromatography
Subfield: Spectroscopy
Field: Chemistry
Domain: Physical Sciences
Imaginary Speech Recognition Using a Convolutional Network with Long-Short Memory

In recent years, a lot of researchers’ attentions were concentrating on imaginary speech understanding, decoding, and even recognition. Speech is a complex mechanism, which involves multiple brain areas in the process of production, planning, and precise control of a large number of muscles and articulation involved in the actual utterance. This paper proposes an intelligent imaginary speech recognition system of eleven different utterances, seven phonemes, and four words from the Kara One database. We showed, during our research, that the feature space of the cross-covariance in frequency domain offers a better perspective of the imaginary speech by computing LDA for 2D representation of the feature space, in comparison to cross-covariance in the time domain and the raw signals without any processing. In the classification stage, we used a CNNLSTM neural network and obtained a performance of 43% accuracy for all eleven different utterances. The developed system was meant to be a subject’s shared system. We also showed that, using the channels corresponding to the anatomical structures of the brain involved in speech production, i.e., Broca area, primary motor cortex, and secondary motor cortex, 93% of information is preserved, obtaining 40% accuracy by using 29 electrodes out of the initial 62.

Topic: EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces
Subfield: Cognitive Neuroscience
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences
Analysis of an EHF aplanatic zoned dielectric lens antenna

Zoned dielectric lenses, designed for wide-angle scanning characteristics, are serious contenders to reflector systems for multiple-beam communications and radar applications at EHF frequencies. An analysis is presented in which the zoned lens is approximated by an ideally thin spherical shell (phase transformer) in evaluating the phase aberrations in its aperture plane which are caused by off-axis scanning and deviations from the design frequency. Those results are used to produce a set of universal curves which predict the decrease in directive gain of the lens as a function of scan angle and frequency. Gain and radiation pattern measurements on a <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">90 \lambda</tex> zoned dielectric lens show agreement with these predictions and with ray-tracing and geometric optics calculations. This study establishes the validity of the spherical shell analysis as a means for rapid estimation of lens parameters for specific system requirements.

Topic: Antenna Design and Optimization
Subfield: Aerospace Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Proving and Disproving Termination in the Dependency Pair Framework

The dependency pair framework is a new general concept to integrate arbitrary techniques for termination analysis of term rewriting. In this way, the benefits of different techniques can be combined and their modularity and power are increased significantly. Moreover, this framework facilitates the development of new methods for termination analysis. Traditionally, the research on termination focused on methods which prove termination and there were hardly any approaches for disproving termination. We show that with the dependency pair framework, one can combine the search for a proof and for a disproof of termination. In this way, we obtain the first powerful method which can also verify non-termination of term rewrite systems. We implemented and evaluated our contributions in the automated termination prover AProVE. Due to these results, AProVE was the winning tool in the International Competition of Termination Provers 2005, both for proving and for disproving termination of term rewriting.

Topic: Logic, programming, and type systems
Subfield: Artificial Intelligence
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Prevalence and Health Correlates of Gambling Problems in Substance Abuse Counselors

This study examined the prevalence of disordered gambling in substance abuse counselors. Participants ( n = 328) completed an anonymous self‐report survey assessing lifetime disordered gambling, past two‐month gambling behavior, and current mental and physical health. The lifetime prevalence rates of pathological and problem gambling in this sample (11.9% and 6.4%, respectively) were higher than rates reported in general population surveys. Poorer physical health was associated with pathological gambling, but mental health was not. These results suggest that substance abuse counselors may benefit from education, prevention, and intervention efforts for disordered gambling.

Topic: Gambling Behavior and Treatments
Subfield: Clinical Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Correlation of orthodontic treatment motivation and the level of treatment needs based on the index of orthodontic treatment need (IOTN) of orthodontic patients

Introduction: Malocclusion has an impact on the quality of life, thus becoming the motivation for orthodontic treatment. Subjective and objective needs for orthodontic treatment vary, where subjective needs are sometimes higher or maybe lower than objective needs, vice versa. The Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN) is an index used to see the level of treatment needs. This study was aimed to analyse the correlation of orthodontic treatment motivation and the level of treatment needs based on the index of orthodontic treatment need (IOTN) of orthodontic patients. Methods: The research was correlation analytical. The motivation for orthodontic treatment was assessed using a questionnaire consisted of aspects of oral health motivation, oral function, aesthetics, psychosocial, and influence from others. The level of orthodontic treatment needs was assessed using the IOTN dental health component. Results: It was found that the patients’ motivation related to aesthetics was high. The motivation to get orthodontic treatment due to oral health, oral function, and psychosocial conditions was moderate, while related to the influence of others was low. The level of need for grade 4 treatment shows the largest percentage (48.57%). Gamma correlation analysis between motivation variables related to the oral and psychosocial function with the level of treatment needs showed a significantly positive correlation with the p-values of 0.003 and 0.022, categorized as weak correlation. Conclusion: There is a weak correlation of orthodontic treatment motivation and the level of treatment needs based on the index of orthodontic treatment need (IOTN) of orthodontic patients.

Topic: Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics
Subfield: Orthodontics
Field: Dentistry
Domain: Health Sciences
Manuscript Illumination in 19<sup>th</sup>-century Italy. Material Analysis of Two Partial Copies from the Squarcialupi Codex

Abstract The illuminations in two Italian manuscripts are still a mystery today. Both manuscripts were based fully or partly on the Florentine Squarcialupi Codex (Florence, Biblioteca Medicea Laurenziana, Med. Pal. 87) dating from around 1410/15. With the help of a multi-analytical, non-destructive approach employing mobile instrumentation (XRF spectroscopy, visible reflectance spectroscopy and infrared reflectography), we examined the manuscripts Toronto, Thomas Fisher Rare Book Library, MSS 09700 and Düsseldorf, Kunstpalast, Inv. K 1925-67 for the first time with regard to their production processes. The identification of modern pigments allows them to be contextualized in illumination practices of the 19 th century. Manuals of that time provide a wealth of information on specific illumination practices and the availability of writing and painting materials, which correlates with the actual artefacts.

Topic: Cultural Heritage Materials Analysis
Subfield: Archeology
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences