jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Classification of Brain Tumor Into Four Categories Using Convolution Neural Network

A Brain Tumor is a growth of abnormal cells in the brain which can cause discomfort and loss of function for some parts of the brain. The detection and classification of brain tumor using MRI Imaging is done manually by doctors and radiologists which is very time consuming and tedious task as well as the accuracy depends upon the human expertise. So, the use of computer aided technology such as Deep Learning becomes very necessary to overcome these limitations. Our proposed system used Deep Learning algorithm called CNN for automated detection and classification of brain tumor using MRI images into four major categories, Glioma, Meningioma, Pituitary Tumor and No-Tumor. Our dataset consists of 7,183 Brain MRI Images collected from different hospitals and few private scan centers in Mumbai, India. Out of 7,183 Brain MRI images, 5,712 images were used for training and 1,471 images were used for Test Dataset 1 and Test Dataset 2 contains 1,311 images acquired from online sources. Our proposed system has achieved 97.82% accuracy, 97.54% precision, 98.01% recall and 97.76% f1-score on the Test Dataset 1 while Test Dataset 2 achieved 98.70% accuracy, 98.59% precision, 98.66% recall and 98.61% f1-score.

Topic: Brain Tumor Detection and Classification
Subfield: Neurology
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences
Consumer Neuroscience Techniques in Advertising Research: A Bibliometric Citation Analysis

The limitations of self-report techniques (i.e., questionnaires or surveys) in measuring consumer response to advertising stimuli have necessitated more objective and accurate tools from the fields of neuroscience and psychology for the study of consumer behavior, resulting in the creation of consumer neuroscience. This recent marketing sub-field stems from a wide range of disciplines and applies multiple types of techniques to diverse advertising subdomains (e.g., advertising constructs, media elements, or prediction strategies). Due to its complex nature and continuous growth, this area of research calls for a clear understanding of its evolution, current scope, and potential domains in the field of advertising. Thus, this current research is among the first to apply a bibliometric approach to clarify the main research streams analyzing advertising persuasion using neuroimaging. Particularly, this paper combines a comprehensive review with performance analysis tools of 203 papers published between 1986 and 2019 in outlets indexed by the ISI Web of Science database. Our findings describe the research tools, journals, and themes that are worth considering in future research. The current study also provides an agenda for future research and therefore constitutes a starting point for advertising academics and professionals intending to use neuroimaging techniques.

Topic: Behavioral Health and Interventions
Subfield: Applied Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Deep learning of algorithmic trading strategies &amp; limit order book dynamics

The transcendental advancements over the past decade in automated trading systems and theoretical models of deep learning have led to the rise of machines as the primordial arbiter of decision making in financial markets. Consequently, markets organised around limit order books (LOB) have come to be dominated by algorithmic trading strategies based on objective rules derived form the market microstructure. Traders are increasingly capable of wielding deep learning tools to extract complex abstract hierarchical representations from the plethora of high-frequency financial data available. Despite these manifest changes to the trader ecosystem driven by significant investment in automated technology and algorithms, there remain only fractured frameworks through which regulators, practitioners and academics view this new complex and intricate trader environment. The objective of this thesis is to develop deep learning models capable of defining algorithmic traders in this new environment by the type of strategy the firm is conducting, analysing the impact of these strategies on UL equity market quality and modelling the nexus between algorithmic trading strategies and LOB dynamics.

Topic: Stock Market Forecasting Methods
Subfield: Management Science and Operations Research
Field: Decision Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Wavelet Analysis of Well-Logging Data in Petrophysical and Stratigraphic Correlation

Sequence stratigraphy is a great contribution to the analysis and characterization of oil reservoirs. But how to divide sequence stratigraphic units quantitatively is the urgent problem to solve. Well logging signal representing litho logy and physical properties embrace much information related to sedimentary cycles, and wavelet analysis of signal has good time-frequency local adjustable performance to be able to identified different frequency cycles. So we can draw the conclusion that the sediment cycles in different periods can be identified by using wavelet and analysis of well log curves. In terms of the properties of the wavelet bases and the characteristics of logging signals, dmey 12 is chosen for the cycle classification of logging curve. The research shows that the wavelet analysis is a helpful complementary technique for the location of stratigraphic sequences.

Topic: Hydrocarbon exploration and reservoir analysis
Subfield: Mechanics of Materials
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Characterization and growth conditions of <scp><i>Vibrio parahaemolyticus</i></scp> strains with different virulence degrees that cause acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease in <scp><i>Litopenaeus vannamei</i></scp>

Abstract The phenotypic characteristics and growth kinetics at several temperatures, salinities, and pH values of three Vibrio parahaemolyticus ( Vp ) strains with different virulence and one nonpathogenic strain were evaluated. Independent of the virulence of the strain, a high metabolic diversity was found, which yielded different colored phenotypes on the CHROMagar™ Vibrio. All strains were resistant to ampicillin and carbenicillin, and Vp AHPND+ organisms were the most sensitive to enrofloxacin. The exponential growth of Vp strains started at 1–2 hr of incubation, although no relationship was observed between the bacterial density and degree of virulence. Moreover, the growth of the most virulent strain was independent of the nutrients in the incubation media during the initial hour postinoculation. No strain grew at 4°C in 0% NaCl and pH 4, but only Vp AHPND+ grew at 44°C. For all strains, the lag phase was proportional to the NaCl concentration, and the growth was better at pH 8–9. However, the Vp AHPND− strain displayed a greater variability, was more sensitive to extreme conditions, and showed a lag phase of 9 hr independent of the pH.

Topic: Vibrio bacteria research studies
Subfield: Endocrinology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Efficacy of Chemicals for Controlling Colony Spread by Rhizopus Species

Of various chemicals tested, dichloran was found to be most effective for restricting the rates of colony spread by three Rhizopus species at the lowest concentration (25 mg/L or less) on potato dextrose agar and Czapek Dox agar. Higher concentrations of methyl red (50 mg/L), rose bengal (50 mg/L), Triton X-100 (100 mg/L), bromocresol green (500 mg/L), sodium deoxychlorate (500 mg/L) and oxgall (3000 mg/L) were required to equally reduce colony spreading. Tween 80 (5000 mg/L) and methanol (50 000 mg/L) did not reduce the colony diameters of the molds. R. oryzae grew faster and was more tolerant to chemicals than R. oligosporus and R. stolonifer.

Topic: Marine and coastal plant biology
Subfield: Oceanography
Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences
Domain: Physical Sciences
Evaluation of Two-Phase Cold Plate for Cooling Electric Vehicle Power Electronics

Rapid increases in the power ratings and continued miniaturization of semiconductor devices have pushed the heat flux of power electronics well beyond the range of conventional thermal management techniques, and thus maintaining the IGBT temperature below a specified limit has become a critical issue for thermal management of electric vehicle power electronics. Although two-phase cold plates have been identified as a very promising high flux cooling solution, they have received little attention for cooling of power electronics. In this work, a first-order analytical model and a system-level thermal simulation are used to compare single-phase and two-phase cold plate cooling for Toyota Prius motor inverter, consisting of 12 pairs of IGBT’s and diodes. Our results demonstrate that with the same cold plate geometry, R134a two-phase cooling can substantially reduce the maximum IGBT temperature, operate all the IGBT’s at very uniform temperatures, and lower the pumping power and flow rate in comparison to single-phase cold plate cooling. These results suggest that two-phase cold plate can be developed as a low-cost, small-volume, and high-performance cooling solution to improve system reliability and conversion efficiency for electric vehicle power electronics.

Topic: Silicon Carbide Semiconductor Technologies
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Combining computer animation and speech understanding to a multimedia system

The objectives of the multimedia project currently running at Siemens Corporate R&D laboratories are outlined. The long-term goal is to develop a computer animation system with a speech dialog interface allowing cooperative work in a broadband-network environment. The authors outline experience with the production of animation by current tools. Based on that experience, research was done on the extension of animation tools by physically based models and on the improvement of the user interface by providing a command-word recognizer, leading to a first prototype. The authors consider the implications of the use of multimedia in broadband-networking and discuss their vision of a future interactive animation system.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>

Topic: Multimedia Communication and Technology
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Decline of the Black Tern (<i>Chlidonias niger</i>) Population in the Klamath Basin, Oregon, 2001–2010

We monitored the Black Tern (Chlidonias niger) population at Agency and Upper Klamath Lakes, in the Klamath Basin, Oregon, from 2001–2010. We estimated that the population of adult Black Terns declined at these 2 joined waterbodies by 8.4% annually. In contrast, our analysis of Breeding Bird Survey data for the Bird Conservation Region 9/Great Basin during the same period did not detect a trend. Knowledge of local short-term trends in the Klamath Basin can contribute to understanding regional and continental population declines of this species. Water levels, which may affect both habitat availability and suitability, were relatively stable from 2001–2009, but dropped in 2010 and remained depressed from 2010–2014. The direct effect of water-level fluctuations on habitat availability (hectares of habitat loss) is not well understood. Water allocation is a management challenge in this region and has been exacerbated by recent drought conditions. In combination, understanding trends and causal factors can inform water management, restoration, and habitat protection, all of which may contribute to reversing the decline of breeding terns.

Topic: Avian ecology and behavior
Subfield: Ecology
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
The Public Administrator and Final Offer Arbitration

The large-scale emergence of unionization and collective bargaining in the public sector has made labor relations of the more salient parts of the public administrator's environment. Probably the most important feature of the governmental labor relations landscape is impasse resolution and the right to strike: How can bargaining impasses be resolved in a manner that allows the employees some method of meaningfully manipulating management's costs of disagreement but which protects the public's interest in continuously receiving government services? This question assumes increasing importance as the essentiality of government services increases, and has received most attention with police officers and fire fighters. While in selected jurisdictions some public employees have been granted the legal right to strike,' the vast majority of public employees, including all public safety personnel, do not enjoy this right to withhold their services. Consequently, there has been much experimentation with various forms of third party impasse resolution procedures designed to achieve agreement without work stoppages. A wide variety of impasse resolution procedures have been implemented (all of which can be described as some form of mediation, fact finding, or arbitration), and all of them have been acknowledged to have some usefulness in different contexts.2 Probably the newest procedure undergoing experimentation is known variously as final offer, one or the other, last best offer, or

Topic: Corporate Law and Human Rights
Subfield: Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management
Field: Business, Management and Accounting
Domain: Social Sciences
Effect of leadership style and organizational climate on employees' food safety and hygiene behaviors in the institutional food service of schools

Abstract This study took the employees working in the institutional food service of schools in northern Taiwan as subjects to explore the influences of leadership style and organizational climate on food safety and hygiene behaviors. In this study, 400 questionnaires were distributed and 324 valid questionnaires were collected, for a valid return rate of 81%. The results showed that leadership style and organizational climate positively correlate with employees' behaviors with respect to food safety and hygiene. Transactional and transformational leadership have a significantly positive effect on organizational climate. Organizational climate has a significantly positive impact on employees' food safety and hygiene behaviors. Transactional and transformational leadership have a significantly positive effect on employees' food safety and hygiene behaviors, but the difference between the two factors is not obvious. Organizational climate has a complete mediating effect on the process of transactional and transformational leadership affecting food safety and hygiene behaviors.

Topic: Food Safety and Hygiene
Subfield: Food Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Data from Effective Targeting of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells by PF-4942847, a Novel Oral Inhibitor of Hsp 90

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Purpose:&lt;/b&gt; Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients have poor prognoses and survival outcomes such that the development of new targeted therapies is in strong demand. Mechanisms associated with high proliferation and aggressive tumor progression, such as PI3K/PTEN aberration, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) overexpression, and cell-cycle upregulation, play important roles in TNBC. The molecular chaperone Hsp90 is required for the conformational maturation and stability of a variety of proteins in multiple pathways, such as EGFR, AKT, Raf, cdk4, etc. Therefore, an Hsp90 inhibitor may show therapeutic benefit in TNBC by targeting multiple pathways.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Experimental Design:&lt;/b&gt; The novel oral Hsp90 inhibitor PF-4942847 was characterized in multiple &lt;i&gt;in vitro&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;in vivo&lt;/i&gt; assays to determine its antitumor activity in TNBC cell lines. In addition, the correlation of AKT degradation and Hsp70 induction in host peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) and xenograft tumors was determined.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; PF-4942847 induces degradation of multiple client proteins, cell-cycle block, apoptosis, and inhibits cell proliferation in TNBC lines, subsequently leading to tumor growth inhibition in mouse xenograft models. The correlation of AKT degradation and Hsp70 induction between PBLs and xenograft tumors reveals a differential modulation of Hsp90 activity between host and tumor tissues, and suggests that AKT degradation in PBLs may serve as a pharmacodynamic biomarker in future clinical development.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/b&gt; The novel oral Hsp90 inhibitor, PF-4942847, is a candidate for clinical development in TNBC by collaboratively targeting multiple signaling pathways. In addition, AKT degradation in PBLs may serve as a biomarker in clinical development. &lt;i&gt;Clin Cancer Res; 17(16); 5432–42. ©2011 AACR&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

Topic: Heat shock proteins research
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Network Delay-Aware Energy Management for Mobile Systems

Smartphones and tablets have occupied the every facet of our daily life in recent years. According to a recent survey, users spend over 3 hours a day on their mobile devices. In addition, 76% and 75% of smartphone users perform web browsing and social networking at least once a day, respectively. To fully enjoy their benefits, those mobile systems require a long battery life. However, network errors such as packet losses decrease the battery life more quickly. We analyzed the reason for this through measurements using real smartphones and mobile full system simulation. We found that the smartphones maintain high performance level on packet losses without doing useful work. To address this problem, we propose a method for reducing energy consumption by lowering down performance level with a Dynamic Voltage and Frequency Scaling mechanism when long network delay is expected due to packet losses. Experimental results show that the total energy consumption is reduced by 8.4% without performance loss.

Topic: Green IT and Sustainability
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Urobatis halleri: Lyons, K., Ebert, D.A. &amp; Lowe, C.G

Established in 1964, the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species has evolved to become the world’s most comprehensive information source on the global conservation status of animal, fungi and plant species.

Topic: Botany, Ecology, and Taxonomy Studies
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Aotus nancymaae Hershkovitz 1983

Aotus nancymaae Hershkovitz, 1983. Am. J. Primatol., 4:223. TYPE LOCALITY: Peru, Loreto, right bank of Rio Samiria, above Estacion Pithecia, 130 m. DISTRIBUTION: Loreto Dept. (Peru) to Rio Jandiatuba, south of Rio Solimöes (Brazil); and enclave between Rios Tigre and Pastaza (Peru). STATUS: CITES - Appendix II. COMMENTS: The form of the name is changed in accordance with the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, Art. 31 (a(ii)) (International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature, 1985).

Topic: Primate Behavior and Ecology
Subfield: Social Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Optically Controlled Construction of Three‐Dimensional Protein Arrays

Abstract Protein crystallization is an important tool for structural biology and nanostructure preparation. Here, we report on kinetic pathway‐dependent protein crystals that are controlled by light. Photo‐responsive crystallites are obtained by complexing the model proteins with cationic azobenzene dyes. The crystalline state is readily switched to a dispersed phase under ultraviolet light and restored by subsequent visible‐light illumination. The switching can be reversibly repeated for multiple cycles without noticeable structure deterioration. Importantly, the photo‐treatment not only significantly increases the crystallinity, but creates crystallites at conditions where no ordered lattices are observed upon directly mixing the components. Further control over the azobenzene isomerization kinetics produces protein single crystals of up to ≈50 μm. This approach offers an intriguing method to fabricate metamaterials and study optically controlled crystallization.

Topic: Photoreceptor and optogenetics research
Subfield: Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences
The effect of MCCG compliance level on the likelihood of Malaysian firm financial distress

This study aims to examine the effect of the Malaysia Code of Corporate Governance (MCCG) compliance on the likelihood of financial distress among Malaysian industrial firms. Secondary data from Datastream and manually collected data from annual report disclosed in Bursa Malaysia for 78 listed firms under the industrial sector from 2017 to 2021 with a sample of 390 firm-year observations, are used to self-construct corporate governance index. Binary coding score is constructed to measure MCCG compliance in the Malaysia Corporate Governance Index (MCGI). Descriptive analysis, correlation analysis, regression model analysis on three models comprised of corporate governance element, mechanism, and self-constructed MCGI is used to examine the effectiveness of MCCG 2021 in mitigating financial distress on Malaysian PLCs. Using Binary Logistic Regression analysis, this study provides evidence that good corporate governance can also be achieved by adhering to the best practices proposed in MCCG 2021 as it positively reduces the likelihood of financial distress. MCCG 2021 provision is adequate for Malaysian firms to sustain their financial stability. This study enriches the literature on corporate governance by supporting that CG best practices reduce the level of financial distress in a listed firm. Interestingly, the appointment of senior independent directors, gender diversity, two-tier voting process elements, and risk management committees mechanism have negative significant relationship with the financial distress likelihood. These findings encourage listed companies in Malaysia to adhere to and implement good corporate governance practices guided by MCCG 2021, which has been proven to reduce the likelihood of financial difficulties and increase investor, regulatory, and stakeholder confidence. This research study is subject to several limitations. The observation period of the company year needs to be extended as this study involved only 35% of listed firms in the industrial sector in Malaysia.

Topic: Financial Distress and Bankruptcy Prediction
Subfield: Accounting
Field: Business, Management and Accounting
Domain: Social Sciences
Increasing the Efficiency of State Institutional Aid to Small Innovative Enterprises

This article is devoted to solving the urgent problem of low efficiency of state support system for small innovative enterprises. The development of this sector is essential for the future of Russian economy. The recent economic crisis has only reinvigorated the debate. In generally our paper is concerned with studying the specific factors that influenced a SE’s behavior to be involved in innovation process. This paper elaborates a methodological approach for systematically identifying and estimating institutional factors in the system of small innovative business. The authors have developed a method of assessing the effectiveness of the state support system at the regional level, which makes it possible to evaluate the actual level of performance management in a particular region and to identify existing reserves. Correlation and regression analysis, which allows identifying the most important factors that have the greatest influence on the efficiency of the system of state support in the sector. In addition, proposed correlation and regression models are developed. Application of this method in the practice of public administration of SMEs will take into account the influence of qualitative factors in evaluating the effectiveness of the system as a whole.

Topic: Innovation Policy and R&D
Subfield: Economics and Econometrics
Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance
Domain: Social Sciences