jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
On a collection of hydroids (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) from the southwest coast of Florida, USA

Family Incertae Sedis Genus and species indeterminate Fig. 8d Material examined. Southwest Florida Shelf, outer shelf northwest of the Dry Tortugas, 25°16.83’N, 83°57.35’W, 127 m, on Lafoea coalescens, 03 August 1981, triangle dredge, one pedicel and hydranth, 0.5 mm high, without gonophores, coll. Continental Shelf Associates, ROMIZ B4355. Remarks. This material has been treated as unidentifiable in having a somewhat damaged hydrotheca, a single pedicel, a short length of stolon, and few distinguishing characters. Eucuspidella pedunculata Allman, 1877, originally described from a depth of 260 fathoms (475 m) off Tortugas, was considered but ruled out as a possibility. Hydrothecae of that species are fusiform rather than tapered towards the base, as in this hydroid, and hydranth pedicels are shown in the original account by Allman (1877) to be smooth throughout rather than being annulated at the base. While also resembling certain species of Egmundella Stechow, 1921b, no nematophores were observed as in that genus. The operculum of this miniscule hydroid (0.5 mm high) was indistinctly demarcated from the hydrothecal rim. Crease lines at the intersection of the two structures were invisible in lateral view, although they were seen in apical view. Meanwhile, a thin line observed at the base of a hydranth remnant may have marked the location of a thin diaphragm. The specimen is illustrated (Fig. 8d) for possible future reference.

Topic: Marine Invertebrate Physiology and Ecology
Subfield: Paleontology
Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences
Domain: Physical Sciences
Modeling and Simulation of the Fine-tuned Parameter Fuzzy Control System of the Copperplate Rolling

The control method of the fine-tuned parameter is proposed to control the copperplate rolling based on fuzzy control theory.The kind of controller are designed and simulated by Matlab.The simulation result shows that the control method enhances the real-time control result of system,and improves the dynamic property of control system evidently,and improves the precision of control system.

Topic: Metallurgy and Material Forming
Subfield: Mechanics of Materials
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Synchrotron X-ray topography of dislocations in high-pressure high-temperature-grown single-crystal diamond with low dislocation density

Individual dislocations in high-pressure high-temperature-grown single-crystal diamond with a dislocation density of less than 47 cm−2 in the (001) growth sector were observed using synchrotron X-ray topography in the Laue geometry. By analyzing image contrasts for various g vectors using photoluminescence images, we found that dislocations in the (001) growth sector run in the [001] direction; some are pure edge dislocations having Burgers vectors (b) of a/2[110] or while others are mixed dislocations. Dislocations in the (111) growth sector have and run in the direction from [111] to [331]; they are classified as edge dislocations.

Topic: Diamond and Carbon-based Materials Research
Subfield: Materials Chemistry
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
A study on the countersinking of aluminium sheet (1st Report)

When aluminium sheet is countersunk with a twist drill, it is well known that it is not easy to obtain a circular countersink but an odd numbered polygonal holes, such as the rounded triangular, pentagonal or heptagonal hole. It is due to so-called "the walking phenomenon of drill" which gets into trouble not to be neglected in practice from the viewpoint of machining accuracy, finished appearance and others.In this paper, the influence of chisel edge angle of drill on the geometry of countersink is examined and the drilling conditions to obtain the circular hole are searched in the case of countersinking sixsorts of aluminium sheets, e. g., 2S-H, 3S-H, 14S-O, 52S-H, 61S-H and G4-H.As the results, chisel edge angle was found to heve a large affect on increasing "the out of roundness". And the latter In the case of using high-tension hard alloy, such as, 52S-H and G4-H, the countersink is enarly circular and has smallusing roundness, even if the chisel edge angle is considerablly large (in this experiment, 140°), however, in the case of low-tension soft alloy, such as, 2S-H and 3S-H, the countersink has small out of roundness, unless the chisel edge angle is small (in this experiment, not more than 120°).This study was conducted uuder the partial financial support of the fund furnished by Scholarship Committee of the Institute of Light Metals for which we feel deeply grateful.

Topic: Educational Robotics and Engineering
Subfield: Artificial Intelligence
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Requirement of the Inositol Trisphosphate Receptor for Activation of Store-Operated Ca <sup>2+</sup> Channels

The coupling mechanism between endoplasmic reticulum (ER) calcium ion (Ca 2+ ) stores and plasma membrane (PM) store-operated channels (SOCs) is crucial to Ca 2+ signaling but has eluded detection. SOCs may be functionally related to the TRP family of receptor-operated channels. Direct comparison of endogenous SOCs with stably expressed TRP3 channels in human embryonic kidney (HEK293) cells revealed that TRP3 channels differ in being store independent. However, condensed cortical F-actin prevented activation of both SOC and TRP3 channels, which suggests that ER-PM interactions underlie coupling of both channels. A cell-permeant inhibitor of inositol trisphosphate receptor (InsP 3 R) function, 2-aminoethoxydiphenyl borate, prevented both receptor-induced TRP3 activation and store-induced SOC activation. It is concluded that InsP 3 Rs mediate both SOC and TRP channel opening and that the InsP 3 R is essential for maintaining coupling between store emptying and physiological activation of SOCs.

Topic: Ion Channels and Receptors
Subfield: Sensory Systems
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences
“We remember what we like?”: Aesthetic value and memorability for photos and artworks - a combined behavioral and computational study

Several studies testing long-term pictorial memory have claimed nearly unlimited memory capacity even for large amounts of stimuli. Additionally, theories in empirical aesthetics have suggested that the aesthetic appreciation of a stimulus and its memorability may be linked – “we remember what we like”. In the present study we investigated these questions for two types of stimuli: photos and artworks. Specifically, we tested whether the memorability of a photo or artwork may be connected to its aesthetic value. A total of 52 participants took part in a two-phase experiment. In the first phase, 750 images (photos of everyday scenes, Korean artworks, and Western artworks) had to be memorized and rated for aesthetic value. In the second phase one day later, these images had to be recognized in an old-new paradigm. Overall, participants’ long-term memory capacity proved to be significantly more limited than suggested before (average d-prime=0.987). Nonetheless, memorability scores themselves were reliable across participants. Surprisingly, artworks – although appreciated more aesthetically – were less memorable (d-prime=0.854) than everyday scenes (d-prime=1.201). Furthermore, aesthetic ratings correlated only marginally with memorability (r=0.174), suggesting that these two variables need to be examined separately in future research and modeling. For our computational study, we then tested a large set (n=1025) of pictorial, low-level image features in terms of correlations with the behavioral results. The features were able to predict the correct stimulus class with 85% accuracy (chance=33%). Interestingly, we found small, yet significant correlations for some low-level measures for aesthetic ratings (maximum r=0.312), but not for memorability scores (maximum r=0.15). Overall, however, computational features only provided a small amount of explanatory power. Taken together, these results show that aesthetic appreciation and memorability are two independent concepts (for both art and everyday scenes). In addition, memory representations and aesthetic experience seem driven largely by high-level interpretation processes. Meeting abstract presented at VSS 2015

Topic: Aesthetic Perception and Analysis
Subfield: Cognitive Neuroscience
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences
Effects of Local and Gradient-Corrected Density Approximations on the Prediction of the Intralayer Lattice Distance<i>c</i>, in Graphite and LiC<sub>6</sub>

Abstract Ab initio total energy calculations, on hexagonal models of graphite and LiC6, are carried out within the most widely density functional theory (DFT) implementation, the local density approximation (LDA). Improvements to LDA in the form of generalized gradient approximation (GGA) are explored. Structural parameters predicted by LDA, as expected underestimate experiment within 1–2% margin of accuracy. GGA does not give a good account in the prediction of lattice parameter c, especially in graphite. This is evident in both recently implemented gradient corrections by Perdew and Wang and earlier corrections by Becke approximations. A substantial improvement is seen on introducing lithium ion in LiC6 and using recent approximations. Valence electron densities from both LDA and GGA calculations, shows charge distribution plots that compare well with experimental results. Charge density distribution plots of these approximations appears similar on a larger scale.

Topic: Advancements in Battery Materials
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
The Abstractor and Indexer.

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Abstractor and Indexer.Erick I. HoegbergCite this: J. Chem. Doc. 1962, 2, 3, 165–167Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1962Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1962https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/c160006a014https://doi.org/10.1021/c160006a014research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views18Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts

Topic: History and advancements in chemistry
Subfield: Physical and Theoretical Chemistry
Field: Chemistry
Domain: Physical Sciences
Prospects for Trust in Russia: The Perspective as Seen from 2010 and 2011 Drafts Amendments to the Russian Civil Code

Abstract The reader of this work is offered two theses by the author: Firstly , the myopic focus on the privatization in the early 1990s reflected the general view that this was the 'only' way to divest the state of property. Because of the predominance of this policy, the state—as an owner—has been deprived of the possibility of managing state property efficiently and effectively in another way short of total divestiture of ownership; i.e ., transferring state-owned assets by way of a trust (trust agreement, trust management) to professional mangers. Secondly , that the trust doctrine is not totally alien to Russian legal tradition as many renowned Russian law thinkers argued in the 1990s for example and continue to believe to this day. Indeed, the issue of whether or not the trust doctrine—as a construct involving 'split' ownership—can be 'transplanted' into Russian legal soil has been a particularly contentious part of law reform in post-Soviet Russia continuing through the present. After highlighting the 'rush to privatization' mentality in Russia, the author of the present article takes the reader into nineteenth-century Russian legal theory as she demonstrates that trust is not alien to Russia. She also traces this clear thread through the Soviet era by reference to the works of one of its leading intellectual lights in the civil-law field of that time. In the post-Soviet era, trust has already been explicitly introduced (in the first decade of the twenty-first century) into the legal space immediately bordering the Russian Federation: the new Ukrainian Civil Code. These historical digressions should help the reader appreciate more clearly the proposed 2010/2011 amendments to the Russian Civil Code. It is the view of the present author that these proposals pave the way for the recognition of the doctrine of trust in modern-day Russian law—augmenting the more limited nature of the institute of 'trust management' currently provided for under the Russian Civil Code.

Topic: Digital Transformation in Law
Subfield: General Economics, Econometrics and Finance
Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance
Domain: Social Sciences
Analisis Posisi Pasar Produk Pasta Gigi Berdasarkan Persepsi Konsumen

The aim of the author in conducting this research is to analyze and study the positioning or market position of Pepsodent, Ciptadent and Close up brand toothpaste products based on consumer perceptions. This research uses a descriptive qualitative method with a literature study method. In general, Pepsodent, Ciptadent and Close-up toothpastes have the main characteristics of their contents. Pepsodent is the superior choice in terms of packaging size, while Ciptadent stands out in the attributes of taste, color, content, product design and packaging design. Close Up has similarities in terms of packaging attributes to Pepsodent

Topic: Agriculture and Agroindustry Studies
Subfield: General Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Bat-inspired dynamic features and factors that modulate their impact on speech recognition

One of the most serious remaining challenges in speech recognition is dealing with corruption of speech signal by other nuisance speech ("babble"). A promising approach to solving the problem of separating the signal of interest from the detractors is to inject direction dependent signatures into all signals received, which has been realized by bat-inspired biomimetic pinna—dynamic periphery. Changing the shape of a biomimetic pinna during the recordings introduces substantial time-variant signatures into speech signals. To investigate the utility of these signatures, we have used bioinspired signal representations (cochleagram and spikegram) as input for speech classifiers based on Gaussian mixture models (GMM) and hidden Markov models (HMM). The speech samples used were obtained from open source databases: spoken digits and alphabets from Carnegie Mellon University were mixed with babble or noise samples from Columbia University. Since the time-variant signatures were found to depend strongly on the direction of the sound source, we attempted to include datasets from different directions for training and testing to feed into the classifiers. The results indicate that dynamic periphery can substantially improve recognition and that these effects depend on the signal representation as well as the angular composition of the training dataset.

Topic: Animal Vocal Communication and Behavior
Subfield: Developmental Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Bank Securities Holdings and Industrial Finance Before World War I: Britain and Germany Compared

Orthodox paradigms hold that through direct involvement with firms, the German universal banks funneled substantial amounts of financial capital into industry during the half century before World War I. At the same time, by avoiding such engagement with industrial companies, British banks are thought to have disadvantaged that country's economy with respect to its continental and American competitors. Using balance sheet data for the British deposit banks and the German universal banks, this paper shows that the German and British banks held approximately the same proportion of their assets in the form of non-government securities. In addition, the paper uses details garnered from two of the largest German banks to demonstrate that the universal banks became directly involved in only a few companies, that the total of these equity holdings amounted to a small share of bank assets, and that often the shares remained on the banks' books only because of an insufficient market for new issues. Thus, the idea that the German universal banks purposely took long-term stakes in industrial companies in order to credibly commit to behaving in the long-run interest of the firms finds limited support from this analysis.

Topic: Corporate Finance and Governance
Subfield: Accounting
Field: Business, Management and Accounting
Domain: Social Sciences
Matrix Metalloproteases Involved in Injured Corneal Tissue Remodelling

2002 Our aim was to demonstrate the matrix metalloproteases role in corneal remodelling after injury by keratotomy and chemical burn and to study their modulation by dexamethasone. The study was performed on 3 groups of albinotic rabbits which were injured as follows: a) mechanical injury 0.1 mm depth in cornea; b) chemical burn by NaOH 1N; c) chemical burn followed by dexamethasone treatment. After sacrification, rabbit corneas were analysed by light and electron microscopy and gelatin-zymography. In normal cornea the constant presence of pro-enzymatic form of MMP-2 was observed. After mechanical injury, MMP-2 level rises and the active form of MMP-2 becomes present as well. Moreover, the temporary presence of gelatinase B (MMP-9) was observed, with a peak at 10 days after injury. In the case of cornea injury by chemical burn, we found an overexpression of MMP-9 compared

Topic: Corneal Surgery and Treatments
Subfield: Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
A Review on Natural Language Processing in Opinion Mining

Opinion Mining is a recent area of interest for Natural Language (NLP) researchers. Peoples are intended to develop a system that can identify and classify opinion or sentiment as represented in an electronic text. Since previous attempts have defined opinion mining as a few sequence of well known standard mechanisms as: Subjectivity Detection, polarity Detection, Degree of polarity identification. The scope of the present research proposal is to develop a system that can identify subjective sentence from an input document and successively identify the polar phrases among the sentences as positive either negative. Multi Perspective Question Answering (MPQA) corpus has been chosen for the present task. The research contribution will rely on finding upon new ways to solve the subjectivity detection or polarity detection as a hard unsolved research problem.

Topic: Hermeneutics and Narrative Identity
Subfield: Philosophy
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Experimental Studies on Ultrasonic Vibration Grinding of the Workpiece Made from Fine-crystalline Zirconia Ceramics

The performances of fine-crystalline zirconia ceramics in workpiece ultrasonic vibration grinding (WUVG) and conventional grinding (CG) with diamond wheel were researched. The effects of WUVG and CG on material removal rate, grinding forces, surface roughness and microstructure of zirconia ceramic were investigated. Experimental results indicated that: (1) The material removal rate (MRR) in ultrasonic grinding process is two times as large as that of in conventional grinding. The material removal rate increases with increasing grinding depth in both ultrasonic grinding and conventional grinding. (2) The ultrasonic vibration grinding force is lower than that of conventional grinding force, and the increase of the worktable speed leads to a decrease of the grinding force, while the grinding force increases with larger grinding depth in both WUVG and CG. (3) The surface of ultrasonic vibration grinding has no spur and build-up edge and its surface roughness is smaller than that of CG significantly. Surface quality of WUVG is superior to that of conventional grinding, it is easy for ultrasonic vibration grinding that material removal mechanism is ductile grinding.

Topic: Advanced Surface Polishing Techniques
Subfield: Biomedical Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Optimization of the synthesis and puri cation of 6-[18F]fluoropiperonal, synton for the preparation of complex molecules used as pet tracers

An optimized synthesis method for 6-[18F] uoropiperonal (6-[18F]FP) via nucleophilic sub itution of the nitro group in the precursor molecule (nitropiperonal, 6-NP) with [18F] uoride in the presence of tetrabutylammonium tosylate has been proposed. Using this weakly basic phase transfer catalyst, the amount of initial 6-NP in the reaction was reduced from 4.0 to 0.2 mg with negligible amounts after subsequent treatment of the reaction mixture with a strong base (potassium methoxide). In turn, this made it possible to separate 6-[18F]FP and 6-NP with similar physicochemical properties by a simple and e cient solid-phase extraction technique on disposable cartridges. 6-[18F]FP was obtained with radiochemical purity of 99% and a radiochemical yield of 10%. The content of unreacted 6-NP did not exceed 1 μg/mL, which is comparable to the results of laborious semi-preparative HPLC puri cation.

Topic: Chemical Synthesis and Analysis
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
The Sylvester resultant with applications to systems over rings

The Sylvester resultant is studied in this paper for systems over rings. The systems over rings may have zero coprime fractions, fractor coprime fractions, and fraction with common factors. The Sylvester resultant can be used to test these situations. It can also be used to achieve the design of coefficient assignment in the first case, to test the regulability in the second case, and to find the fractor coprime fractions in the third case.

Topic: Numerical Methods and Algorithms
Subfield: Computational Theory and Mathematics
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Area Morphological Segmentation

Content based retrieval (CBR) has emerged as a useful tool for management of digital image libraries. Traditional approaches based on metadata and global features are limited m effectiveness and suffer from various drawbacks involving the use of heuristics and postprocessing techniques. The automated segmentation technique presented here is based on fuz clustering in a scaled texture space, which is gcnerated via a bank of Gabor filters. Within the texture space, we scale the responses using the novel tool of area morphology. The segmentation algorithm provides segments satisfying a minimum scale requirement for use in CBR. The experiments indicate that our segmentation mechanism increases feature relevancy and reduces the computational costs of segment based matching.

Topic: Image Retrieval and Classification Techniques
Subfield: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences