jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Coherent beam combining of stimulated Brillion scattering based multiwavelength lasers

Multiwavelength seed laser can suppress stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) and improve the ultimate output power of the fiber laser amplifier. Coherent combining of multiwavelength lasers/amplifiers is a promising way to get much higher total output power than coherent combining of the single frequency lasers/amplifiers. Coherent beam combining of stimulated Brillouin scattering based multiwavelength fiber lasers is proposed and demonstrated. Multiwavelength laser is generated using stimulated Brillouin scattering effect by seeded a 10 kilometer single mode fiber laser with a single frequency laser and phase locking is achieved using stochastic parallel gradient descent (SPGD) algorithm. Experiment results shows that more than 15 wavelengths are generated for the laser. With active phase control, mean power of the main-lobe in close-loop is 1.37 times of that value in open-loop and the visibility of the long exposure interference pattern is 0.37. Scale up this architecture to higher power involves introduction of power amplifiers, increasing channel number of amplifiers and power of each individual amplifier.

Topic: Advanced Fiber Optic Sensors
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Rudolf Steiner's Koberwitz (Kobierzyce, Poland) - Birthplace of Biodynamic Agriculture - A Photographic Exhibition

A Photographic Exhibition of Rudolf Steiner's Koberwitz. &#13;\nRudolf Steiner, in the eight lectures of his Agriculture Course presented at Koberwitz (Kobierzyce) in the summer of 1924, laid down the foundations for the development of biodynamic agriculture and organic farming.

Topic: Scientific and Historical Analyses
Subfield: Philosophy
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
EDITORIAL COMMENT CT perfusion angiography; beware of artifacts!

Ó The Author(s) 2009. This article is published with open access at Springerlink.com Over the past years, myocardial perfusion imaging has been established as the reference standard for prognosis and clinical decision making of patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). Myocardial perfusion has predominantly been assessed by single photon emission tomography (SPECT) [1–7] and, more recently, by positron emission tomography (PET) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) [8–16]. Amongst the advanced cardiac imaging modalities, multi detector computed tomography (CT) angiography has emerged as a reliable non-invasive method for the assessment of coronary anatomy, CAD, and cardiac function [17–22]. Multiple studies involving over several thousands of patients have established that CT angiography is highly accurate for delineation of the presence and severity of coronary atherosclerosis [23–30]. CT angiography may also reveal the total plaque burden, i.e. both calcified and non-calcified components, for individual patients with coronary atherosclerosis [31–40]. The advent of prospectively gated acquisition techniques for 64-slice CT angiography has allowed Editorial comment on the article of Rodríguez-Granillo et al.

Topic: Cardiac Imaging and Diagnostics
Subfield: Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
The Relationship of Anxiety, School Burnout and Well-Being in High School Students

School as center of adolescent social life has an important role to help students to achieve well-being.But in fact, adolescence is often vulnerable to individual problems such as stress, anxiety, and self-destructive behavior.The current study examined the mediation effect of state and trait anxiety in the association between school burnout and well-being.State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), School Burnout Inventory (SBI), and Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) was administered to 192 vocational high school students.Mediator analysis using bias corrected bootstrap method N = 5000 and 95% confidential interval on PROCESS software.The results show that school burnout as predictors on well-being students only indirectly via state and trait anxiety.These findings can be beneficial to our understanding of how and when state and trait anxiety impacts student"s well-being, and have implication for development guidance and counseling programs to improve student"s well-being.

Topic: Health and Well-being Studies
Subfield: Clinical Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Tracking functions of cGMP-dependent protein kinases (cGK)

The options available for distinguishing the effects of cGMP mediated by cGK versus those mediated by other cGMP targets are discussed and evaluated. These include the unnecessary but often sole reliance on synthetic, small-molecule activators and inhibitors of cGK which are increasingly recognized as deficient in specificity. Other important adjunct options include cGK overexpression using adenoviral vectors and transgenic animals, or use of cGK-deficient systems, i.e. cells which have spontaneously lost cGK during repetitive passaging in cell culture, cells treated with siRNA, or genetically-engineered cGK-deficient mice. Finally, cGK-dependent phosphorylation of substrates such as vasodilator stimulated phosphoprotein (VASP) and phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE 5) is described as a useful monitor of cGK presence and activity associated with physiological functions or dysfunctions of signaling pathways.

Topic: Phosphodiesterase function and regulation
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Susceptibility of Civilian GPS Receivers to Electromagnetic Radiation

<para xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> Civilian handheld global positioning system receivers were tested for their susceptibility against radiated electromagnetic disturbances of different characteristics and field levels. This susceptibility data were compared to the existing electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) immunity requirements for electronic devices. Some of the receivers were disrupted by continues waves at in- as well as out-of-band frequencies, at field levels far below the existing EMC requirements. The possible reason for this is discussed. In general, due to the ever-growing use of commercial-off-the-shelf equipment even for critical functions, certificates of conformity to current EMC requirements may be inadequate. </para>

Topic: Electromagnetic Compatibility and Measurements
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Vaginal birth after cesarean or recurrent elective cesarean section: What are the decision making processes of pregnant women in Turkey? A phenomenological study

What is known about deciding the mode of delivery after cesarean section (CS) is limited. Our aim was explore women's decision-making process since pregnancy. Constant comparative analysis was used in the analysis. COREQ checklist was used in reporting. The main theme was inability of having control. Four categories emerged; reasons for wanting VBAC, VBAC experiences, reasons for RCS, and RCS experiences. Women did not have an absolute say in their decisions. RCS experiences were defined as traumatic and VBAC experiences were defined as achievement that provided strength and pride. Findings contribute to the literature on increasing the success of VBAC the importance and encouraging healthcare professionals.

Topic: Maternal and Perinatal Health Interventions
Subfield: Obstetrics and Gynecology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
&lt;title&gt;Influence of acoustic power on parietal thermometry during extracorporeal high-intensity focused ultrasound treatments&lt;/title&gt;

Objectives: Compare the muscular parietal heating during high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) at different acoustic power levels. Methods: 3 series of 100 acoustic pulses of same energy but variable power were applied in vivo on the muscular lumbar and abdominal walls in 4 pigs. The target volume was located 47 to 94 mm behind the skin. Two thermocouples were inserted into the muscular wall facing the focal point 10 - 15 m and 25 - 30 mm from the skin. The position of the treatment head was the same for the 3 series of acoustic pulses. The temperatures in the muscular wall were recorded during the HIFU treatment. Conclusion: During extracorporeal HIFU treatments, the muscular parietal heating is variable among individuals and increases with the acoustic power.

Topic: Ultrasound and Hyperthermia Applications
Subfield: Biomedical Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
L’ἀτιμία del cittadino prostituto nell’Atene dell’età classica

ABSTRACT The atimia of the prostituting citizen in Classical Athens A law cited by Aeschines in his oration Against Timarchus sanctioned Athenian citizens who practised ἑταίρησις, excluding them from many public activities. Other sources mention further prohibitions, not cited by Aeschines, but these, upon careful analysis, appear mostly unreliable. It follows that the prostitute was subject to partial ἀτιμία, however extensive; it was automatic (ipso facto). The prostitute perhaps incurred total ἀτιμία only if he was condemned in a δοκιμασία ῥητόρων.

Topic: Classical Antiquity Studies
Subfield: Anthropology
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Occurrence Download

A dataset containing 11426 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query: { "and" : [ "TaxonKey is Cuscuta pentagona Engelm.", "HasCoordinate is true" ] } The dataset includes 11426 records from 357 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0068153-220831081235567/datasets/export for details. Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.

Topic: Hydraulic Fracturing and Reservoir Analysis
Subfield: Mechanical Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Parametric design methods development for the comparison of American football faceguards using validated structural stiffness models

Recent advances in headgear design research have sought to inform athletes’ safety related decisions by ranking headgear systems according to impact performance. These rankings have provided athletes with greater agency in their safety-related decisions. Despite these improvements, little quantitative information exists to compare faceguard performance. Using validated structural stiffness finite element models, this study sought to develop a parametric design approach that could be consistently applied to faceguards of different qualitative categories and of different helmet-compatible series. The methods presented in this study detail the objective measurement techniques and parameters of interest used to fully define three common American football faceguards. The results of this study indicate an ability to define parameters consistently for faceguards of different qualitative categories and of different helmet-compatible series. The high degree of correlation between mass and structural stiffness indicates expected model performance – providing increased confidence in results. Intuitively, the greatest effect on mass and structural stiffness was the size of the diameter of the main bars. Increases in mass were achieved with minimal changes in structural stiffness. Conversely, increases in structural stiffness were achieved with minimal changes in mass. These results have implications for manufacturers as some faceguards, such as those classified as “overbuilt,” are banned – in part – for their weight. Future work should continue to compare manufacturers’ original designs and investigate other metrics to further quantify performance and safety for athletes. This tool may be used to improve new faceguard designs by comparing new models to faceguards allowed for use.

Topic: Occupational Health and Safety Research
Subfield: Radiological and Ultrasound Technology
Field: Health Professions
Domain: Health Sciences
Duality of Orthogonal and Symplectic Matrix Integrals and Quaternionic Feynman Graphs

We present an asymptotic expansion for quaternionic self-adjoint matrix integrals. The Feynman diagrams appearing in the expansion are ordinary ribbon graphs and their non-orientable counterparts. The result exhibits a striking duality between quaternionic self-adjoint and real symmetric matrix integrals. The asymptotic expansions of these integrals are given in terms of summations over topologies of compact surfaces, both orientable and non-orientable, for all genera and an arbitrary positive number of marked points on them. We show that the Gaussian Orthogonal Ensemble (GOE) and Gaussian Symplectic Ensemble (GSE) have exactly the same graphical expansion term by term (when appropriately normalized),except that the contributions from non-orientable surfaces with odd Euler characteristic carry the opposite sign. As an application, we give a new topological proof of the known duality for correlations of characteristic polynomials. Indeed, we show that this duality is equivalent to Poincare duality of graphs drawn on a compact surface. Another application of our graphical expansion formula is a simple and simultaneous (re)derivation of the Central Limit Theorem for GOE, GUE (Gaussian Unitary Ensemble) and GSE: The three cases have exactly the same graphical limiting formula except for an overall constant that represents the type of the ensemble.

Topic: Animal Vocal Communication and Behavior
Subfield: Developmental Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
An object-oriented approach for PC clusters

This paper addresses a methodology for designing PC clusters using object-oriented technology. The proposed methodology simplifies the design process and manages specification differences in both the academic and the industrial environments. This is to respond to the need to implement an existing CFD code on PC clusters for research purposes and future industrial usage. The objectoriented technology is well suited to solve this kind of design problems.

Topic: Distributed and Parallel Computing Systems
Subfield: Computer Networks and Communications
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Therapeutic Strategies for Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 1

: Spinocerebellar ataxia type 1 (SCA1) is an autosomal dominant neurodegenerative disorder that affects one or two individuals per 100,000. The disease is caused by an extended CAG repeat in exon 8 of the ATXN1 gene and is characterized mostly by a profound loss of cerebellar Purkinje cells, leading to disturbances in coordination, balance, and gait. At present, no curative treatment is available for SCA1. However, increasing knowledge on the cellular and molecular mechanisms of SCA1 has led the way towards several therapeutic strategies that can potentially slow disease progression. SCA1 therapeutics can be classified as genetic, pharmacological, and cell replacement therapies. These different therapeutic strategies target either the (mutant) ATXN1 RNA or the ataxin-1 protein, pathways that play an important role in downstream SCA1 disease mechanisms or which help restore cells that are lost due to SCA1 pathology. In this review, we will provide a summary of the different therapeutic strategies that are currently being investigated for SCA1.

Topic: Genetic Neurodegenerative Diseases
Subfield: Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences
Multimode operation and mode-locking effect in injection lasers

The oscillation regime of GaAs injection lasers has been investigated by methods of time-resolved spectroscopy and nonlinear interferometry. The relative roles of random and correlated process were studied. Spectroscopic data and interferometric investigations of laser samples in CW as well as in pulse regimes show that in most cases multimode operation occurs with random phase fluctuations. However, in some cases signs of mode locking of longitudinal modes were observed with ultrashort pulsation. The duration time of the pulsation is estimated to be about 3 ps.

Topic: Laser-Matter Interactions and Applications
Subfield: Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
College student involvement and leadership: Studying learning and living communities at Lasallian institutions

With the cost of college education increasing exponentially, colleges have used learning and living communities as a major retention practice in higher education. Learning and living communities have been assessed in recent years using the National Survey for Living-Learning, however, the survey focused on the academic outcomes of the communities at larger universities. The purpose of this quantitative study was to discover outcomes of learning and living communities at Lasallian institutions--specifically, the satisfaction of the students, the effectiveness of the program, and the planned retention of the students. The study was an evaluation of college students' roles and relationships in learning and living communities at three Lasallian institutions in the United States: The focus of these institutions was on community. The variables used included student involvement and programming, leadership opportunities, and relationships within the learning and living communities to determine satisfaction, effectiveness, and planned retention of the students and the communities. Results indicated that the college students in learning and living communities were satisfied, the communities were effective, and the students were likely to return to the community and the college.

Topic: Higher Education Research Studies
Subfield: Education
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Neuroendocrine Tumor Hepatic Metastases

Objective The aim of this study was to determine if magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) performed with hepatobiliary phase imaging results in higher lesion conspicuity and produces lesion measurements with higher interobserver agreement than other MRI sequences when imaging neuroendocrine hepatic metastases. Methods Patients who had MRIs with both gadoxetate disodium and gadopentetate dimeglumine contrast within a 6-month span were identified, and 23 hepatic lesions were selected. Three radiologists and 1 oncologist measured the greatest diameter of each lesion on the following sequences: T2 weighted, T1 weighted, postcontrast (dynamic, delayed, and hepatobiliary phase), and diffusion weighted. Signal intensity ratio (SIlesion/SIliver) and contrast-to-noise ratio ([SIlesion – SIliver]/noise) were calculated for all lesions on each sequence. The interobserver agreement of measurements on each sequence was calculated using concordance correlation coefficient. Results Diffusion-weighted sequences had the highest signal intensity ratio ranging from 147% to 187% (vs other sequences range of 19.6%–130%). One hepatobiliary sequence had the highest contrast-to-noise ratio with a value of 41 (vs other sequences range of 3.2–28.1). Lesion measurements on all sequences showed high-interobserver agreement, with hepatobiliary sequences showing some of the highest levels of agreement. Conclusions Our results support the use of contrast agents with hepatobiliary excretion when imaging neuroendocrine tumors metastatic to liver.

Topic: Neuroendocrine Tumor Research Advances
Subfield: Epidemiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Collaborative learning: an effective and enjoyable experience! a successful computer-facilitated environment for tertiary students

We have developed a collaborative learning environment (CLE) as a student-centred approach to lecture replacement, with a special focus on assisting students' learning of difficult concepts. The majority of the program is structured around cost-efficient web-delivered tutorials incorporating re-usable interactive components. These are supported by several stand-alone computer-based learning tutorials including ones that we developed to allow students to construct their own models of physiological mechanisms, together with computer-facilitated semester-long investigative projects to enhance their communication and critical reasoning skills. Each week for two hours during two semesters, students work in groups of three with an iMac computer. The computer-facilitated tasks are designed to support and extend their three weekly lectures by encouraging peer-learning and peer-teaching. In this article, the successful attributes of this collaborative learning environment are described and evaluated. In addition, relationships between the use of CLE and the students' approaches to learning are being investigated.

Topic: Reflective Practices in Education
Subfield: Education
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Set Features for Fine-grained Anomaly Detection

Fine-grained anomaly detection has recently been dominated by segmentation based approaches. These approaches first classify each element of the sample (e.g., image patch) as normal or anomalous and then classify the entire sample as anomalous if it contains anomalous elements. However, such approaches do not extend to scenarios where the anomalies are expressed by an unusual combination of normal elements. In this paper, we overcome this limitation by proposing set features that model each sample by the distribution its elements. We compute the anomaly score of each sample using a simple density estimation method. Our simple-to-implement approach outperforms the state-of-the-art in image-level logical anomaly detection (+3.4%) and sequence-level time-series anomaly detection (+2.4%).

Topic: Anomaly Detection Techniques and Applications
Subfield: Artificial Intelligence
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
The use of biologics and small molecules in pregnant patients with rheumatic diseases

Biological agents have radically changed the prognosis of rheumatic patients. Current evidence demonstrates that tight disease control during pregnancy is mandatory to minimize adverse outcome risk. As the new therapeutic tools are pivotal to maintain appropriate disease activity, it is timely to review available evidence about the safety of biologics and small molecules in pregnancy. Areas covered: A comprehensive literature review has been performed, reporting available data about the passage into breast milk, rate of pregnancy loss and fetal malformations, and long-term complications due to in utero exposure to biological agents and small molecules. Expert commentary: Data about the safety of agents against tumor necrosis factor in pregnancy are reassuring. Even rituximab, tocilizumab, belimumab, ustekinumab, secukinumab, and abatacept have not been associated with an increased rate of fetal abnormalities or adverse pregnancy outcome. Experience with small molecules is too small to draw any conclusion. Even if further data are warranted to define the possible long-term effects of in utero biologic exposure on the infant immune system development, it is reasonable to speculate that in the next future the use of biologics during pregnancy will continue to expand, at least when maternal benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus.

Topic: Pregnancy and Medication Impact
Subfield: Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences