jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Comprehensive Genomic Analysis of G2-like Transcription Factor Genes and Their Role in Development and Abiotic Stresses in Arabidopsis

GOLDEN2-LIKE (GLK) transcription factors are a subfamily of GARP family transcription factors, which play an essential function in plant growth and development as well as stress response during abiotic and biotic stress conditions. This study reports GLK genes in the Arabidopsis thaliana genome in-depth and identified 55 AtGLK genes in the Arabidopsis genome. Phylogenetic analyses resolved these GLK gene clusters into seven groups. A Ka/Ks ratios analysis indicated that they had experienced purifying selection. Many essential cis elements are present in the promoter regions of AtGLK genes associated with plant hormones, light, and stress. The expression profile from RNA-Seq data revealed that 29.1% of them had relatively high expression in all tested tissues or organs, indicating their crucial housekeeping function in plant growth and development. However, many other GLK members were selectively expressed in particular tissues or organs. In silico study of the transcriptional regulation of AtGLKs indicated that it is strongly regulated by cold, drought, osmotic, salt, and metal ion stressors. Our research provides essential information for the functional studies of each GLK gene in different species in the future.

Topic: Plant Stress Responses and Tolerance
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Experimental Investigation on High-Mode Vortex-Induced Vibration of a Flexible Stay Cable in Smooth Flow

With the increase in the main spans of cable-stayed bridges, the wind-induced vibration, especially the high-mode vortex-induced vibration (VIV) of the long stay cables has become a concern for many researchers. In this study, to investigate the high-mode VIVs of stay cables via wind tunnel tests, the mode order amplification factor (MOAF) of the stay cable was proposed to design the flexible stay cable model with a relatively large-scale ratio (λRe) of the Reynolds number (Re). Furthermore, the wind-induced vibration characteristics of the flexible stay cable model with a smooth surface for wind yaw angle (β) of 0° were investigated. In addition, the β effects on the wind-induced vibration characteristics of the stay cable were studied. Finally, double-helical fillets were applied to suppress the high-mode VIV responses of the flexible stay cable model for different β. The results showed that the flexible stay cable model that was designed by the proposed method of MOAF satisfied the similarity of the prototype stay cable and the damping ratios (ξ) of the first several modes of the flexible stay cable model were from approximately 0.021% to 0.064%. The stay cable exhibited five in-plane VIVs in the test wind velocity (V) range for β = 0°. Furthermore, the maximum amplitude of the displacement of the in-plane VIV of the flexible stay cable model decreased with the increase in the VIV mode order. The significant in-plane VIV responses of the stay cable were observed for β of 15°, 30°, −15°, −30°, and −45°, respectively, and the in-plane vibration acceleration responses were significantly larger than the out-of-plane vibration acceleration responses of the flexible stay cable model. The VIV responses of the stay cable could be effectively suppressed through the double-helical fillets with a diameter (d) of d = 0.10 D (where D = diameter of the stay cable) and pitch (P) of P = 12 D.

Topic: Fluid Dynamics and Vibration Analysis
Subfield: Computational Mechanics
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Fast Electromagnetic and RF Circuit Co-Simulation for Passive Resonator Field Calculation and Optimization in MRI.

This work extends co-simulation methodology to passive resonator design for the first time, enabling fast, accurate, and scalable optimization. The approach significantly reduces computational burden while preserving full-wave accuracy, making it a powerful tool for passive RF structure development in MRI.

Topic: Advanced MRI Techniques and Applications
Subfield: Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
<i>APDH and IHRDA v Mali</i>: recent developments in the jurisprudence of the African Court on Human and Peoples’ Rights

The present article aims at providing an overview of the new developments in the jurisprudence of the African Court on Human and People’s Rights (ACtHPR). In particular this article will focus on two important aspects that have been recently addressed in the case of APDH and IHRDA v Mali, namely the ever-expanding breadth of the Court’s material jurisdiction and the bolder implementation of its remedial power. It is argued that the approach adopted by the ACtHPR in relation to these two aspects departs from the previous case law and offers fresh insights into the progress made by the youngest regional human rights court over a very short amount of time.

Topic: Human Rights and Development
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Management of Consequent Sounds in Immersive Sound Systems

Immersive audio is appearing more frequently in modern cinematic storytelling. In traditional sound mixing, scenarios can occur in which a first sound has a tight semantic coupling to a second sound, for example, a gunshot and ricochet or a handclap and its reverberation. In immersive sound systems, such precedent and consequent sounds may be directed to different locations so as to envelope the audience. When consequent sounds are not managed, the psychoacoustic principle known as the Haas effect can result in portions of an audience misunderstanding the placement of precedent sounds, momentarily disrupting their experience. A series of immersive sound examples demonstrates the resulting problem and the effectiveness of a proposed management technique, applicable to object-based audio, wave field synthesis, and ambisonic reproduction.

Topic: Hearing Loss and Rehabilitation
Subfield: Cognitive Neuroscience
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences
An attention-based deep network for plant disease classification

Plant disease classification using machine learning in a real agricultural field environment is a difficult task. Often, an automated plant disease diagnosis method might fail to capture and interpret discriminatory information due to small variations among leaf sub-categories. Yet, modern Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) have achieved decent success in discriminating various plant diseases using leave images. A few existing methods have applied additional pre-processing modules or sub-networks to tackle this challenge. Sometimes, the feature maps ignore partial information for holistic description by part-mining. A deep CNN that emphasizes integration of partial descriptiveness of leaf regions is proposed in this work. The efficacious attention mechanism is integrated with high-level feature map of a base CNN for enhancing feature representation. The proposed method focuses on important diseased areas in leaves, and employs an attention weighting scheme for utilizing useful neighborhood information. The proposed Attention-based network for Plant Disease Classification (APDC) method has achieved state-of-the-art performances on four public plant datasets containing visual/thermal images. The best top-1 accuracies attained by the proposed APDC are: PlantPathology 97.74%, PaddyCrop 99.62%, PaddyDoctor 99.65%, and PlantVillage 99.97%. These results justify the suitability of proposed method.

Topic: Smart Agriculture and AI
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Accessibility of Computer-Based Testing for Individuals with Disablities and English Language Learners within a Validity Framework

There is a great need for designers of computer-based tests and testing systems to build accessibility into their designs from the earliest stages, thereby overcoming barriers faced by individuals with disabilities and English language learners. Some important potential accessibility features include text-to-speech, font enlargement and screen magnification, online dictionaries, and extended testing time. Yet accessibility features can, under some circumstances, undermine the validity of test results. Evidence centered assessment design (ECD) is offered as a conceptual framework—providing sharable terminology, concepts, and knowledge representations—for representing and anticipating the impact of accessibility features on validity, thus helping weigh the consequences of potential design alternatives for accessible computer-based tests and testing systems.Request access from your librarian to read this chapter's full text.

Topic: Digital Accessibility for Disabilities
Subfield: Human Factors and Ergonomics
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
<i>Shift … centre</i>: cross-cultural spaces for dance training and choreographic enquiry

Contemporary dance in East Africa, specifically Kenya, is a newly emerging art form informed by the political drive of a small number of choreographers. In this article, I discuss Kenyan choreographer Opiyo Okach’s contribution to dance training as exemplified through the Shift … centre Series 10 which was performed at The Place, London, October, 2009. The research for this writing draws on observations of dance rehearsals, workshops and performances and interviews conducted during a number of visits to Nairobi, Dar es Salaam and Kampala from 2007 to 2010. Shift … centre combines improvisation, responses to site-specific locations, collaborations between artists, and offers an opportunity for dance training for the performers. Okach’s choreography is informed by his desire to de-centre the performing space and to challenge mainstream dance practice. This case study offers an example of a choreographer who creates both in his homeland and Europe and has been instrumental in the development of contemporary dance in Kenya and internationally.

Topic: Diversity and Impact of Dance
Subfield: Experimental and Cognitive Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Facile preparation KNN thin film with purity phase and excellent electrical properties

Abstract Obtaining high purity alkali niobate (K x Na 1-x NbO 3 ) thin films without secondary phase on metal coated traditional silicon (Si) substrates via sol-gel technique has remained great challenges until now. Herein, we report (K 0.5 Na 0.5 NbO 3 ; KNN) thin films successfully deposited on Pt/Ti/SiO 2 /Si(100) substrates by a simply effective sol-gel process. A comprehensive and systematic investigation of processing conditions on the microstructures and electrical properties of spin-coated KNN films were presented. We have found that phase purity and microstructures of KNN films are strongly influenced by content of alkali excess and the annealing temperature. Thin films with an equal excess amount of 10% mol K and Na (KNN1) sintered at 650 o C show high crystallinity with a preferred ( 1 00)-orientation degree of 78%, and homogeneous and dense surface with columnar structure and large grain size up to 254 nm. The result of quantitative XPS analysis has proved that the composition of the film is close to the chemical stoichiometry. As a consequence, the obtained films exhibit a large dielectric constant of 775 and low dielectric loss of 0.020 in the wide frequency range from 1 kHz up to 10 MHz. Furthermore, well ferroelectric behavior of KNN films showed remnant polarization, P r of 10.73 µC/cm 2 , coercive field E c of 74.48 kV/cm and lowest leakage current density of 9.23×10 –10 A/cm 2 at E ≈ 5 kV/cm.

Topic: Ferroelectric and Piezoelectric Materials
Subfield: Materials Chemistry
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Electron scattering from krypton: High-resolution experiments and<i>B</i>-spline<i>R</i>-matrix calculations

In a joint experimental and theoretical effort, we carried out a detailed study of e-Kr collisions. For elastic scattering and excitation of the 4p55s states, we present total and angle-differential cross sections over the entire angular range (0°-180°) for a number of energies, as well as energy scans for selected angles. The experimental results are in very satisfactory agreement with predictions from fully relativistic Dirac B-spline R-matrix models.

Topic: Atomic and Molecular Physics
Subfield: Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Measurements of electron and proton heating temperatures from extreme-ultraviolet light images at 68eV in petawatt laser experiments

A 68eV extreme-ultraviolet light imaging diagnostic measures short pulse isochoric heating by electrons and protons in petawatt laser experiments. Temperatures are deduced from the absolute intensities and comparison with modeling using a radiation hydrodynamics code.

Topic: Laser-Plasma Interactions and Diagnostics
Subfield: Nuclear and High Energy Physics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Vision based navigation for power transmission line inspection robot

Inspection robot must plan its behavior to loose or grasp the power transmission line, or recognize the obstacles from the complex background when it is crawling along the line in order to negotiate reliably. This paper describes a vision-based navigation system for a power line inspection robot. The main emphasis of this paper is on the ability of object recognition. A recognition method based on straight line extraction is proposed, which is used to recognize the typical obstacles in the power transmission line. Random Sample Consensus (RANSAC) paradigm is used to group the line segments. The proposed method scales well with respect to the size of the input image and the number and size of the shapes within the data. Moreover the algorithm is conceptually simple and easy to implement. Experimental results show that good recognition can be achieved using the proposed vision system.

Topic: Power Line Inspection Robots
Subfield: Mechanical Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Analysis of the impact of process variations on clock skew

In this paper, we analyze the impact of process variations on the clock skew of VLSI circuits designed in deep submicrometer technologies. With smaller feature size, the utilization of a dense buffering scheme has been proposed in order to realize efficient and noise-immune clock distribution networks. However, the local variance of MOSFET electrical parameters, such as VT and IDSS, increases with scaling of device dimensions, thus causing large intradie variability of the timing properties of clock buffers. As a consequence, we expect process variations to be a significant source of clock skew in deep submicrometer technologies. In order to accurately verify this hypothesis, we applied advanced statistical simulation techniques and accurate mismatch measurement data in order to thoroughly characterize the impact of intradie variations on industrial clock distribution networks. The comparison with Monte Carlo simulations performed by neglecting the effect of mismatch confirmed that local device variations play a crucial role in the design and sizing of the clock distribution network

Topic: Low-power high-performance VLSI design
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Aggression and Impulsivity Instruments: An Examination in Veterans

To gather useful and meaningful information concerning behavioral traits, instruments must be determined to be reliable and valid for the specific population in which they will be used. The objective of this study was to examine the psychometric properties and validity of the Aggression Questionnaire (AQ; Buss & Perry, 1992 Buss, A. H., & Perry, M. (1992). The Aggression Questionnaire. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 63, 452–459.[Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]), the Overt Aggression Scale–Modified (OAS–M; Coccaro, Harvey, Kupsaw-Lawrence, Herbert, & Bernstein, 1991 Coccaro, E. F., Harvey, P. D., Kupsaw-Lawrence, E., Herbert, J. L., & Bernstein, D. P. (1991). Development of neuropharmacologically based behavioral assessments of impulsive aggressive behavior. Journal of Neuropsychiatry, 3, S44–S51.[PubMed] , [Google Scholar]), and the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale–11 (BIS–11; Barratt, 1994 Barratt, E. S. (1994). Impulsiveness and aggression. In J. Monahan, & H. J. Steadman (Eds.), Violence and mental disorder: Developments in risk assessment (pp. 61–79). Chicago: University of Chicago Press. [Google Scholar]) in a sample of veterans. Participants included 474 veterans seeking outpatient care from 4 Veterans Affairs medical facilities in the southwestern United States. Results suggest that the AQ, BIS–11, and OAS–M can be reliably used with veterans. However, subscale scores of the BIS and AQ did not provide any additional information over the total score of these instruments. Although total scores of the OAS–M were found to be reliable, subscale scores were not. Nonetheless, information obtained from the OAS–M appeared to be qualitatively different than that from the self-report questionnaires. In summary, the overall results of this study indicate that these aggression and impulsivity instruments may be reliably used in a veteran sample.

Topic: Bullying, Victimization, and Aggression
Subfield: Social Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
A comparison of power losses for small (&amp;lt; 1 kW) induction motor drives adopting squarewave and sinusoidal PWM excitation

In this paper the influence of the form of motor excitation on the performance of a small (&lt; 1 kW) induction motor drive is studied. Two forms of excitation, namely sine waves generated by pulse width modulation and simple square wave are explored. Sine wave excitation gives lower motor losses but increases inverter losses. Conversely, square wave excitation increases motor losses but decreases inverter losses. Losses have been measured directly by calorimetric means or, in the case of the inverter, predicted by a Pspice model that has been verified by calorimetric methods. The work shows that overall, the use of square wave excitation leads to a more efficient drive. © 2004 The Institution of Electrical Engineers.

Topic: Magnetic confinement fusion research
Subfield: Nuclear and High Energy Physics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Electrochemical Formation of Bismuth Phosphate Nanorods by Anodization of Bismuth

We report on hexagonal-phase bismuth phosphate nanorods that can be formed on bismuth substrates by anodization in fluoride-containing concentrated phosphoric acid electrolyte. Under optimized conditions, layers can be formed that consist of rods with a diameter of 50–70 nm and a length of 250 nm. These nanorods are characterized by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and photoluminescence measurements. The results confirm the presence of nanorods that show a high photoluminescence in the visible range of the spectrum, peaking at a wavelength of 440 nm.

Topic: Ga2O3 and related materials
Subfield: Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Intercropping Sesbania rostrata with wet land rice (Oryza sativa) for seed and fuel

A field experiment was conducted during the rainy season of 1992 and 1993 in Eutric Gleysoi soil of the Barind Tract, Bangladesh, to study the feasibility of growing African dhaincha (Sesbania rostrata Brem. &amp; Oberrn) for seed and fuel as intercrop with wet land rice (Oryza sativa L.). Dhaincha seedlings transplanted at 2 m x 2 m spacing in rice gave the highest rice equivalentyield in both the years. The same treatment also gave the highest gross returns, net returns, and benefit :cost ratio. The feasibility of growing S. rostrata as an intercrop with wetland ice proved and seeds produced in 1 ha of land was sufficient for green manuring in 2 ha. Key words : - Sesbania rostrata rice intercropping, Seed, Fuel , Green-manuring (GM) with Sesbania ing Systems Research and Development before wet land rice is one of the approaches (FSRD) site, Saroil, Rajshahi, during wet sea- well accepted by the f m e r s of the area. How- sons of 1992 and 1993.- The soil of the ex- ever, S, rostrata proved superior to S. aculeata perimental plot was silt loam in texture hav- (Rinaudo et a]., 1987; Roger and Watanabe, ing pH 6.4. The experiment was laid out in 1986). Scarcity of seed is the main limiting randomized complete-block design with 4 factor for quick expansion of Sesbania green- dispersed replications and the unit plot size mamiring. There is a little scope of growing was 12 m x 12 m. The modern rice variety Sesbania as sole crop for seed and fuelas most BR 1 1 and African dhaincha were used as of the land engaged for wet land rice cultiva- test crops. Five treatments used in the experi- tion and due to the problem of animal darn- ment were, viz. T,, sole wet land rice; T,, sole age as goat and cattle like it. Considering the African dhaincha (seedlings) at a spacing of above situation an attempt made to grow Af- 50 cm x 50 cm; T,, rice + African dhaincha rican dhaincha as an intercrop with wet land (seedlings) at a spacing of 2 m x 2 m, T,, rice , + African dhaincha (stem cutting) at a spac- rice for seed and fuel to reduce the scarcity of seed for green-manuring and fuel. ing of 2 m x 2 m and T,, rice + Afrian

Topic: Rice Cultivation and Yield Improvement
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Preoperative carbohydrate loading in the enhanced recovery pathway

The enhanced recovery pathway is an evidence-based surgical care pathway that includes preoperative, perioperative and postoperative care and results in fewer complications and a shorter length of stay in hospital. There are a variety of elements associated with this pathway and one is the use of a preoperative carbohydrate-loading drink. The consumption of this drink, which is specifically designed to be safely consumed a few hours before surgery, is discussed with a review of the literature on the topic.

Topic: Enhanced Recovery After Surgery
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
IMPAIRED FFA OXIDATION AND INCREASED TRIACYLGLYCEROL SYNTHESIS IN CONTRACTING SOLEUS MUSCLE IN OBESE ZUCKER RATS.

1369 We examined the effect of obesity on the synthesis and degradation of muscle lipid pools (TG, triacylglycerol; DG, diacylglycerol; MG, monoacylglycerol; PL, phospholipid) and exogenous palmitate oxidation, in resting and contracting soleus muscles. Isolated soleus strips from 10 lean (162 ± 2 g) and 10 obese (250 ± 7 g) Zucker rats were incubated in Kreb's-Henseleit buffer (4% BSA, 2 mM pyruvate, 1.0 mM palmitic acid), using the previously defined pulse-chase procedure. Lipid metabolism was monitored either at rest (60 min) or during electrically induced contraction (20 tetani per min, 30 min). Plasma FFA, TG and insulin concentrations were significantly elevated in the obese rats. At rest, incorporation of palmitate into PL was significantly lower in the obese condition (0.6 vs. 1.0 nmol/min/g). Palmitate esterification into TG tended to be greater in the obese condition (4.7 vs. 4.2 nmol/g/min), but this difference was not significant (p=0.26). Degradation of the lipid pools at rest was unaffected by obesity. During contraction, palmitate oxidation and incorporation into all lipid pools was significantly increased. However, during contraction in the obese state, there was a repartitioning of palmitate towards storage in TG (5.9 vs. 4.8 nmol/g/min), and away from oxidation (5.5 vs. 9.4 nmol/g/min). Triacylglycerol degradation was significantly increased with contraction in muscle from both lean and obese rats, but this increase was blunted by 38% in the obese condition. In summary, in contracting oxidative muscle, obesity decreases palmitate oxidation, and increases TG storage by increasing esterification and decreasing hydrolysis. Supported by the NSERC of Canada.

Topic: Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
Subfield: Physiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences