jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Equilibrium between Solid Ferrous Chloride and Gaseous Hydrogen Sulfide at Intermediate Temperatures

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTEquilibrium between Solid Ferrous Chloride and Gaseous Hydrogen Sulfide at Intermediate TemperaturesJames J. Lukes, Carl F. Prutton, and David TurnbullCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1945, 67, 5, 697–700Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1945Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1945https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01221a001https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01221a001research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views61Altmetric-Citations2LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts

Topic: Industrial Gas Emission Control
Subfield: Mechanical Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Sydney Long: Deterioration and <i>Improvement</i> of Early Paintings

Sydney Long’s painting Pan, 1898, underwent conservation treatment at the Art Gallery of New South Wales in 1994. Examination of the painting and recently found archival material, raised the possibility of the artist reworking Pan some time after it was exhibited at the 1898 Society of Artists Spring Exhibition and acquired directly from this exhibition by the Art Gallery of New South Wales. Sydney Long himself writes about “improving” a number of his paintings at dates after their initial completion, exhibition and sale. The reasons for this are not explicitly stated in the Art Gallery of New South Wales correspondence, although the paintings themselves suggest that it was probably due to premature cracking. Several later letters begin to give a clearer picture of the problems that Sydney Long was forced to confront with the deteriorating condition of these early paintings.

Topic: Museums and Cultural Heritage
Subfield: Museology
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Effect of Rye and Levels of Raw and Autoclaved Beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) on Adhesion of Microflora to the Intestinal Mucosa ,

Feeding young chicks diets containing 80% raw beans caused poor growth, heavy mortality and adhesion of coliforms, Lactobacilli and Enterococci, to the intestinal epithelium. Supplementation of the diet with penicillin reduced mortality and microbial adhesion. Feeding diets containing autoclaved beans improved growth and eliminated microbial adhesion and toxicity. Replacement of corn in a chick diet with rye caused depressed chick growth, lower tibia ash, and increased microbial adhesion. These results indicate that the toxicity of raw beans to young chicks was increased when the dietary level of raw beans was increased from 40% to 80%.

Topic: Animal Nutrition and Physiology
Subfield: Animal Science and Zoology
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Income-related differences in private doctor visits in Finland, 2005 and 2011

Background 

According to OECD comparisons, Finland is among the most unequal countries in terms of doctor visits. One reason behind this is that while universal public services are not always easily accessible, private services, partly reimbursed from the social insurance system (22% of costs in 2012), can be used by those who can trade off high co-payments for rapid access to care. However, not much is known on use of private care by socioeconomic groups. The aim of this study is to find out how private …

Topic: Primary Care and Health Outcomes
Subfield: General Health Professions
Field: Health Professions
Domain: Health Sciences
Supplementary Material for: Predicted Indirectly ReCognizable HLA Epitopes (PIRCHE) Are Associated with Poorer Outcome after Single Mismatch Unrelated Donor Stem Cell Transplantation: A Study of the Cooperative Transplant Study Group (KTS) of the German Group for Bone Marrow and Stem Cell Transplantation (DAG-KBT)

There is no established standard for selection of mismatched unrelated donors. Indirect recognition of HLA mismatches can be predicted using the model of “Predicted Indirectly ReCognizable HLA Epitopes” (PIRCHE). We performed a multicenter retrospective study evaluating the impact PIRCHE on outcome after allogeneic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) from single mismatched (HLA 9/10 matched) unrelated donors. The study cohort included 424 adult recipients of HLA 9/10 matched unrelated donor transplants (9/10 MUD), treated for AML or MDS at 6 transplant centers across Germany. Detection of PIRCHE was associated with lower overall survival (OS) (47 vs. 57%, <i>p</i> = 0.04), higher non-relapse mortality (NRM) (32 vs. 20%, <i>p</i> = 0.05), and higher incidence of chronic graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) (49 vs. 31%, <i>p</i> = 0.04) at 2 years. Cumulative incidence of acute GVHD grade 2–4 at 6 months was not significantly different (30 vs. 23%, <i>p</i> = 0.2). OS for 9/10 MUD with no PIRCHE was similar to 10/10 MUD (57 vs. 55%). In multivariate analysis, PIRCHE retained negative impact on OS (RR 1.5, 95% CI 1.0–2.1, <i>p</i> = 0.03) and NRM (RR 1.7, 95% CI 1.0–2.9, <i>p</i> = 0.03). To the best of our knowledge, for the first time, we show the association of PIRCHE and survival outcome after allo-HSCT. The PIRCHE model, if validated in an independent cohort, may allow selection of permissible HLA mismatches that enable improved transplant outcome.

Topic: Renal Transplantation Outcomes and Treatments
Subfield: Transplantation
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Stoichiometry-dependent photodimerization of tranilast in a γ-cyclodextrin inclusion complex

F. Hirayama, T. Utsuki and K. Uekama, J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun., 1991, 887 DOI: 10.1039/C39910000887

Topic: Surfactants and Colloidal Systems
Subfield: Organic Chemistry
Field: Chemistry
Domain: Physical Sciences
Excitation of geodesic acoustic mode in toroidal plasmas

The instability of the geodesic acoustic mode (GAM) in tokamak turbulence is analysed. It can be caused by dynamic shearing of the ambient turbulence by GAMs combined with the poloidal inhomogeneity of the turbulent flux. The dispersion relation is derived. The competition between the drive mechanism and the damping by turbulence viscosity is discussed. GAMs are more unstable for high safety factors.

Topic: Magnetic confinement fusion research
Subfield: Nuclear and High Energy Physics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
THE ROLE OF PLAY THERAPY IN ELIMINATING SPEECH DISORDERS.

Speech disorders are prevalent among children and can significantly hinder their social, emotional, and educational development. Traditional speech therapy, though effective, may not always fully engage young patients. Play therapy, a child-centered therapeutic approach, has gained attention for its potential to enhance speech therapy outcomes. This article explores the role of play therapy in addressing speech disorders, examining its principles, benefits, methodologies, and effectiveness based on recent studies and clinical observations.

Topic: Child Therapy and Development
Subfield: Clinical Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Occurrence Download

A dataset containing 21 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query: { "and" : [ "TaxonKey is Rattus rattus", "HasCoordinate is true", "Country is Poland" ] } The dataset includes 21 records from 3 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0006373-251009101135966/datasets/export for details. Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.

Topic: Endometrial and Cervical Cancer Treatments
Subfield: Obstetrics and Gynecology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Magnetoresistive devices based on epitaxial NiMnSb layers with built-in anisotropy

We have fabricated tunnelling magnetoresistance (TMR) devices based on an epitaxial layer of NiMnSb grown almost lattice matched on (In,Ga)As, an aluminium oxide barrier and a CoFe counter electrode. The devices show a TMR of 14% at low temperature and 8% at room temperature. The as-grown NiMnSb layer exhibits a strong uniaxial anisotropy, which leads either to a clean spin valve signal with layers that switch separately and in single steps when the field is applied along the easy axis of the material, or to a resistance which varies linearly with B-field when the field is applied along the hard axis of the Heusler layer. Giant magnetoresistance (GMR) devices have also been fabricated, using sputter deposition of a Cu interlayer onto the NiMnSb and subsequent deposition of CoFe. Devices fabricated this way exhibit a magnetoresistance of 3.5% at room temperature. Depending on the thickness of the interlayer no coupling or a strong antiferromagnetic coupling can be observed.

Topic: Heusler alloys: electronic and magnetic properties
Subfield: Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Microneurotrophin BNN27 Reduces Astrogliosis and Increases Density of Neurons and Implanted Neural Stem Cell-Derived Cells after Spinal Cord Injury

Microneurotrophins, small-molecule mimetics of endogenous neurotrophins, have demonstrated significant therapeutic effects on various animal models of neurological diseases. Nevertheless, their effects on central nervous system injuries remain unknown. Herein, we evaluate the effects of microneurotrophin BNN27, an NGF analog, in the mouse dorsal column crush spinal cord injury (SCI) model. BNN27 was delivered systemically either by itself or combined with neural stem cell (NSC)-seeded collagen-based scaffold grafts, demonstrated recently to improve locomotion performance in the same SCI model. Data validate the ability of NSC-seeded grafts to enhance locomotion recovery, neuronal cell integration with surrounding tissues, axonal elongation and angiogenesis. Our findings also show that systemic administration of BNN27 significantly reduced astrogliosis and increased neuron density in mice SCI lesion sites at 12 weeks post injury. Furthermore, when BNN27 administration was combined with NSC-seeded PCS grafts, BNN27 increased the density of survived implanted NSC-derived cells, possibly addressing a major challenge of NSC-based SCI treatments. In conclusion, this study provides evidence that small-molecule mimetics of endogenous neurotrophins can contribute to effective combinatorial treatments for SCI, by simultaneously regulating key events of SCI and supporting grafted cell therapies in the lesion site.

Topic: Nerve injury and regeneration
Subfield: Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences
ALICE Highlights

Deconfined strongly interacting QCD matter is produced in the laboratory at the highest energy densities in heavy-ion collisions at the LHC. A selection of recent results from ALICE is presented, spanning observables from the soft sector (bulk particle production and correlations), the hard probes (charmed hadrons and jets) and signatures of possible collective effects in pp and p-Pb collisions with high multiplicity. Finally, the perspectives after the detectors upgrades, taking place in the period 2019-2020, are presented.

Topic: High-Energy Particle Collisions Research
Subfield: Nuclear and High Energy Physics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
[Evaluation of intracranial volume compensation analyzing changes of harmonic components of intracranial pressure pulse wave].

Intracranial pressure (ICP) pulse wave was analysed during infusion tests performed in hospital (hydrocephalus) and in cats. Pulse wave changes were evaluated calculating the high frequency centroid index (HFC) in the HFC, found to be a very valuable parameter in intracranial volume-pressure situation evaluation. The HFC decrease occurred much earlier than the rise of ICP in both clinical and experimental studies. Thus the HCF index should be very usefull in clinical evaluation of intracranial volume-pressure relation disturbances.

Topic: Traumatic Brain Injury and Neurovascular Disturbances
Subfield: Neurology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Total and high molecular weight adiponectin and level-modifying polymorphisms of ADIPOQ in centenarians.

Serum adiponectin concentration in female centenarians is associated with biochemical parameters that are favourable for cardiovascular risk. We suggest that adiponectin might be of importance for extreme longevity.

Topic: Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
Subfield: Epidemiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Correlating Nanocrystalline Structure with Electronic Properties in 2D Platinum Diselenide

Abstract Platinum diselenide (PtSe 2 ) is a 2D material with outstanding electronic and piezoresistive properties. The material can be grown at low temperatures in a scalable manner, which makes it extremely appealing for many potential electronics, photonics, and sensing applications. Here, the nanocrystalline structure of different PtSe 2 thin films grown by thermally assisted conversion (TAC) is investigated and is correlated with their electronic and piezoresistive properties. Scanning transmission electron microscopy for structural analysis, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) for chemical analysis, and Raman spectroscopy for phase identification are used. Electronic devices are fabricated using transferred PtSe 2 films for electrical characterization and piezoresistive gauge factor measurements. The variations of crystallite size and their orientations are found to have a strong correlation with the electronic and piezoresistive properties of the films, especially the sheet resistivity and the effective charge carrier mobility. The findings may pave the way for tuning and optimizing the properties of TAC‐grown PtSe 2 toward numerous applications.

Topic: Chalcogenide Semiconductor Thin Films
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Effect of Tripolyphosphate on Physical and Enzymatic Stabilities of Insulin Loaded Nanoparticles of N-Trimethyl Chitosan

The aim of the present work was to elucidate the influence of tripolyphosphate (TPP) on the colloidal and insulin stabilities. Using a trimethyl chitosan (TMC) with quaternization degree of 40%, insulin loaded nanoparticles were prepared by ionotropic gelation with TPP crosslinker. The nanoparticles were characterized for size, zeta potential, insulin loading, process yield, colloidal stability and the protection capability of insulin against enzymatic degradation of trypsin. The results showed that insulin nanoparticles were in the range of 200-260 nm with spherical or oval morphology. The highest insulin loading efficiency of nanoparticles with narrow size distribution was achieved when TPP:TMC:insulin mass ratio of 0.4:1:1 was used. The colloidal stability was TPP concentration dependent. The presence of TPP accelerated the degradation of free insulin and insulin loaded nanoparticles which increased with increasing TPP concentration. Therefore, the preparation of nanoparticles by ionotropic gelation with TPP would not be suitable for the development of insulin delivery system. ©All right reserved.

Topic: Advanced Drug Delivery Systems
Subfield: Pharmaceutical Science
Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics
Domain: Life Sciences
The Role of Vaccination Centers in a National Mass Immunization Campaign—Policymaker Insights from the German COVID-19 Pandemic Vaccine Roll-Out

During the COVID-19 vaccination campaign, Germany, like other high-income countries, introduced mass vaccination centers for administering vaccinations. This qualitative study aimed to examine the role that these novel, temporary government healthcare structures played in a mass immunization roll-out and how they can be optimally deployed. In addition, learnings for general emergency preparedness were explored. A total of 27 high-level policymakers responsible for planning and implementing the COVID vaccination campaign at the national and state level in Germany were interviewed in May and June 2022. The semi-structured interviews were analyzed using thematic analysis. Interviewees indicated that mass vaccination structures played an essential role with respect to controllability, throughput, accessibility and openness in line with the key success criteria vaccination coverage, speed and accessibility. In contrast to the regular vaccination structures (private medical practices and occupational health services), public administration has direct authority over mass vaccination centers, allowing for reliable vaccine access prioritization and documentation. The deployment of vaccination centers should be guided by vaccine availability and demand, and vaccine requirements related to logistics, as well as local capacities, i.e., public-health-service strength and the physician density, to ensure effective, timely and equitable access. Improvements to the capacity use, scalability and flexibility of governmental vaccination structures are warranted for future pandemics.

Topic: Vaccine Coverage and Hesitancy
Subfield: Health
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Comparison of selected methods of assessing intelligibility of misarticulated speech

Speech intelligibility is one of the most frequently employed parameters used to describe the effectiveness of treatment for articulation disorders. Intelligibility is measured by evaluating the percentage of agreement between the speaker's intended message and the listener's response to the message. Speech-language pathologists rely on indirect measures of speech intelligibility, making inferences about an individual's overall communicative abilities based on subjective evaluation, or on indirect measures of intelligibility derived from commercial tests of articulation. The primary purpose of this investigation was to compare several methods of measuring intelligibility, including direct measures, subjective measures, and indirect measures derived from commercial tests of articulation. The exact nature of the relationships among measures of intelligibility has not been previously examined, making it difficult to compare and interpret results based on different measures of intelligibility. The efficacy with which indirect indices of intelligibility derived from commercial tests of articulation predict objective intelligibility scores based on the rate of correct identification of stimulus materials by listeners, as well as prediction of subjective impressions of intelligibility, was determined.

Topic: Transportation Systems and Safety
Subfield: Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Rethinking Insects as Food: From Protein Ingredient to Culinary Experience- Insects as a Culinary Ingredient

Edible insects are often promoted in Europe as an environmentally sustainable and affordable protein source. This perspective has guided product development toward insect flours blended into conventional foods such as pasta, bread, or pastries. While nutritionally promising, this approach has done little to overcome cultural resistance. By reducing insects to a generic commodity protein, it fails to address the sensory and culinary dimensions that drive consumer acceptance of new foods. Food culture demonstrates that novel ingredients succeed when they are celebrated for their distinctive flavors, textures, and preparation rituals. In France, few consumers could describe the intrinsic taste of snails, frog legs, or scallops, yet these foods enjoy enduring popularity due to the iconic dishes and sauces built around them. We argue that insect-based foods should follow a similar path - developed as flavorful, high-quality culinary ingredients, not as hidden protein supplements. Moreover, positioning insects as premium, aspirational products rather than low-cost substitutes may accelerate adoption. The history of electric vehicles illustrates this dynamic: only when premium models demonstrated desirability and performance did public perception shift. To unlock the full potential of insects for sustainable diets, we must invest in gastronomic innovation, sensory research, and the cultural narratives that transform ingredients into cuisine.

Topic: Insect Utilization and Effects
Subfield: Insect Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Tolerating DNA Rearrangement

B cells undergo DNA rearrangement to produce antibodies. In other cell types, DNA breaks can be lethal due to induction of apoptosis through a p53-mediated process. Phan and Dalla-Favera suggest that the transcriptional repressor protein BCL6, which is abundant in mature B cells of the germinal center (those undergoing somatic hypermutation and class switch recombination), represses p53 expression and allows the cells to tolerate low levels of genetic stress associated with DNA rearrangement. BCL6 repressed expression of a reporter gene containing the p53 promoter region, and BCL6 was detected associated with the p53 promoter in chromatin immunoprecipitation assays. When BCL6 expression was inhibited by siRNA, p53 mRNA increased to levels similar to those detected in naïve B cells that do not express BCL6 . Furthermore, cells in which BCL6 was knocked down exhibited a larger increase in p53 abundance in response to genotoxic stress (etoposide treatment) compared with control cells. In wild-type cells, BCL6 is targeted for degradation by a ubiquitin-mediated proteasomal process in response to genotoxic stress. However, in cells expressing a mutant form of BCL6 that could not be ubiquitin tagged, apoptotic cell death was decreased and the induction of p53 expression and expression of p53 target genes were reduced compared to that observed in cells expressing wild-type BCL6. Constitutive expression of BCL6 through chromosomal translocation is associated with certain types of lymphoma, and it may be that repression of p53 is one mechanism by which these cancers arise. R. T. Phan, R. Dalla-Favera, The BCL6 proto-oncogene suppresses p53 expression in germinal-centre B cells. Nature 432 , 635-639 (2004). [Online Journal]

Topic: Cancer-related Molecular Pathways
Subfield: Oncology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Asymptotic cosmological solutions: orthogonal Bianchi type-II models

The time evolution of the orthogonal spatially homogeneous Bianchi type-II models is analysed by applying qualitative techniques to the reduced and regularised differential system of Rosquist and Jantzen (1988). This enables the author to obtain the asymptotic behaviour of solutions near the initial singularity and in the distant future. A global picture emerges in which the general orthogonal type-II solution is shown to be spiralling about the non-LRS solution found by Collins (1971). The author also gives an example how one can obtain exact solutions with help of the series method developed by Picard (1928).

Topic: Cosmology and Gravitation Theories
Subfield: Astronomy and Astrophysics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences