jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Reduction of torque ripple in DTC for induction motor using input-output feedback linearization

Direct torque control (DTC) is known to produce fast responses and robust control in AC adjustable-speed drives. However, in the steady-state operation, notable torque, flux, and current pulsations occur. In this paper, nonlinear DTC of induction motor drives is presented based on a space vector pulse-width modulation scheme combined with the input-output feedback linearization technique. The variation of stator and rotor resistance due to changes in temperature or frequency deteriorates the performance of the DTC controller by introducing errors in the estimated flux linkage and the electromagnetic torque. This approach will not be suitable for high power drives such as those used in tractions, as they require good torque control performance at a considerably lower frequency. Finally, extensive simulation results are presented to validate the proposed technique. The system is tested at different speeds and a very satisfactory performance is achieved.

Topic: Sensorless Control of Electric Motors
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
IPSASB’s Conceptual Framework: Coherence with Accounting Systems in European Public Administrations

Accounting and reporting systems in public administrations of European countries have deeply changed in the last 20 years due to the new public management wave and the trend toward international harmonization. This research aims to examine the possibility of implementing International Public Sector Accounting Standards Board’s (IPSASB’s) Conceptual Framework (CF), by observing accounting and reporting systems in the different governmental levels of countries selected and taking into account the embedded traditional characteristics of European countries. Results highlight how many structural differences still occur within and among countries, showing that much work is still necessary to obtain harmonization as implied in the IPSASB’s CF.

Topic: Public Policy and Administration Research
Subfield: Public Administration
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Inaccuracy Effects in Recursive Analog Sampled- Dat a Filters

This paper investigates the coefficient inaccu- racy effects in the frequency response of discrete-time recur- sive transfer functions. After describing these inaccuracies as additive zero-mean Gaussian random variables, new ana- lytic expressions for the deviation in the frequency response of recursive sampled-data filters are derived through a sta- tistical analysis. Also obtained is an estimate of the actual magnitude of the filter frequency response. Results obtained through computer simulations using the Monte Carlo techni- que are compared to the proposed approach to give support to the developed analysis.

Topic: Probabilistic and Robust Engineering Design
Subfield: Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty
Field: Decision Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Supplementary Figures 1 - 6 from Threshold Levels of ABL Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors Retained in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Cells Determine Their Commitment to Apoptosis

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 1469K, Different ABL TKIs demonstrate potency differences in relative cellular and biochemical target inhibition (S1); Incomplete restoration of BCR-ABL signaling activity following washout of dasatinib or ponatinib tracks with intracellular drug retention and commitment to apoptosis in LAMA cells (S2); Incomplete restoration of BCR-ABL signaling activity following washout of nilotinib, imatinib, or DCC-2036 tracks with intracellular drug retention and commitment to apoptosis in LAMA cells (S3); BCR-ABL signaling is partially attenuated in conditions of continuous low concentrations of ABL TKIs that induce apoptosis (S4); Commitment to apoptosis in primary CML cells tracks with intracellular retention of ABL TKIs (S5); Intracellular retention of dasatinib, nilotinib, and imatinib is reduced following washout in primary CML cells harboring the resistant BCR-ABLT315I mutant (S6).&lt;/p&gt;

Topic: Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Treatments
Subfield: Hematology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Effect of Propolis Extract as a Natural Preservative on the Microbial Content of Kareish Cheese

The present study aimed to utilize propolis extract as natural preservative and attractive healthy ingredients on the microbial content of kareish cheese during storage. Effect of two extracts of proplis (ethanolic and water extract) were used at different concentrations on the growth of three bacterial strains, Streptococcus thermophilus, Lactobacillus bulgaricus and Bifdobacterium bifidium being used as starter. The affect of these extracts on some spoilage contaminants of dairy microorganisms in milk medium were also studied. The resultant kareish cheeses from different treatments (with ethanol and water propolis extracts) were analyzed for phenolic compounds, antioxidant activity, microbiological and sensory properties when fresh and during storage (28 day) at 5±1°C. The counts of Str. thermophilus and Lb. bulgaricus in milk with different concentrations of propolis extracts were significantly higher than those in control. Ethanol extraction of propolis (EEP) and water extraction of propolis (WEP) at 600 and 1000 mg /100ml displayed a bactericidal effect with all of the tested spoilage microorganisms.The addition of propolis extract had a negligible effect on the content of cheese moisture, and slight decrease in total protein of cheese was observed along the storage period. High acidity of kareish cheese observed with increasing the concentration of added propolis extracts. Addition of different concentrations (6 and 10%) of propolis extracts (ethanolic and water) increased of the phenolic compounds, flavonids and antioxidant activity with the increase of propolis extracts. The counts of Lb. bulgaricus and Str. thermophilus in kareish cheese treatments were significantly (p ≤ 0.05) higher than these in the control. However, counts of mesophilic (MBC) and psychrophilic (PBC), coliform bacteria and moulds & yeasts in kariesh cheese treatments were not detected until 21 days. Kareish cheeses made with water propolis extract (T3 andT4) were of higher sensory evaluation and with the best acceptablility during storage period, compared with cheese made by ethanolic propolis extract (T1 and T2).

Topic: Bee Products Chemical Analysis
Subfield: Insect Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
The impact of institutionalised civil society participation in local policymaking in times of democratic innovation: The case of Flanders (Belgium)

In neo-corporatist societies, organised interests like civil society organisations (CSOs) are largely embedded in the policy-making process through institutionalised participation . However, this practice is criticised in recent years for sustaining itself and not being effective anymore. Moreover, institutionalised participation often occurs in a context where governments increasingly experiment with new forms of democratic innovation, this challenges the traditional practice of institutionalised participation. This research is concerned with to what extent institutionalised participation is impactful in the policymaking process, and whether this impact is influenced by the municipal context and perceived legitimacy of institutionalised participation. We study this in the case of local advisory councils in Flemish municipalities, which are a longstanding practice of institutionalised participation. Our results show that institutionalised participation has a reasonably good impact (on average, they receive a score of 5.5/10), which is positively influenced when a municipality has a lower governance capacity, and when a municipality undertakes efforts to involve individual citizens. Last, the perceived legitimacy of institutionalised participation also positively influences its impact.

Topic: Public Policy and Administration Research
Subfield: Public Administration
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Reversible immune abnormality and regulatory T cells in offspring of Der p 1-exposed female mice

Under the influence of maternal AR, offspring have an abnormal immune state at birth. However, without exposure to allergens, the immune state in AR offspring recovered by maturity. Changes in Tregs and Foxp3 DNA methylation may be the mechanism for this reversible immune abnormality in AR offspring.

Topic: IL-33, ST2, and ILC Pathways
Subfield: Immunology
Field: Immunology and Microbiology
Domain: Life Sciences
Geological Controls on Effective Hard-rock TBM Tunneling in Crystalline Terrains

Rock does not equal rock when it comes to cost-efficient tunneling. Vast global experience gained from over 50 years of TBM tunneling indicate that proactive geological investigations in the pre-bid and as-built periods can mitigate losses encountered during hard-rock tunneling. Changed rock condition scenarios can commonly be avoided by professional geological study. The compilation of published bedrock data are an essential prelude to bidding subsurface work. At the pre-bid stage, core analysis to establish lithologic and mineralogic trends and targeted petrographic and geotechnical investigations are essential to fully characterize rock mass properties. In particular, cores should be examined at the tunnel depth to establish the weighted percentage of different rock types and for noting any anomalous rock types or horizons for further study. For example, fine-textured (aphanitic or vesiculated) dike rocks have proven to create collapsed ground as a result of intersecting cooling fractures yet coarse-grained dike rocks (pegmatites) are easily mined through by comparison. Allied studies on rock mass composition (felsic, intermediate, and mafic categories), texture, density, and metamorphic grade are also important. Here, petrographic analysis can offer profound insights into the degree of interlocking texture vs. foliated texture in metamorphic and igneous terrains. Rock mass texture and mineralogy, easily determined by petrographic study, are paramount in predicting TBM penetration destiny in igneous and metamorphic terrains. Brittle fault and -joint systems of numerous orientations typically cut bedrock creating fractured and disturbed ground often with high water inflows. From cores extracted at and surrounding the tunnel horizon, comparative statistical studies on fracture index, RQD, and rock fabric orientation offer an effective means of categorizing the rock mass. During the as-built stage, geological mapping, structural analysis, fracture class mapping, and machine performance data together provide the ability to adjust to changed conditions. A clear understanding of the geology of any tunnel line is the simplest and most cost-effective method to mitigate losses encountered during TBM tunneling in crystalline terrains.

Topic: Tunneling and Rock Mechanics
Subfield: Civil and Structural Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Phenomena of spin rotation and oscillation of particles (atoms, molecules) containing in a trap blowing on by wind of high energy particles in storage ring

Spin rotation and oscillation phenomena of particles captured in a gas target through which beam of high energy particles passes is discussed. Such experiment arrangement make it realizable for storage ring and allows to study zero-angle scattering amplitude at highest possible energies.

Topic: Solar and Space Plasma Dynamics
Subfield: Astronomy and Astrophysics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
PRIMARY SPLENIC LYMPHOMA: CAN TRUCUT BIOPSY AND R-CHOP SUPERSEDE SPLENECTOMY?

Primary Splenic lymphoma is a rare type of Non Hodgkin’s lymphoma of the spleen with or without splenic hilar lymph nodes with preservation of other organ systems. In this case, we encountered a patient who presented with fever of unknown origin since 25 days and was diagnosed with Primary splenic lymphoma based on a tru cut biopsy which was then confirmed by immunohistochemistry. Patient was treated with Chemotherapy alone and showed no recurrence after 6 months of follow up. The aim of reporting this case is to have a high index of suspicion for rare malignancies like PSL in cases of FUO. Contrary to the current guidelines, use of trucut biopsy can be used as a promising investigation to diagnose PSL and treatment with chemotherapy with R-CHOP regimen alone prevented recurrence of the tumour. Investigations like PET-CT which have 100% accuracy in diagnosing PSL can reduce the number of operative procedures like splenectomy used for its diagnosis and treatment.

Topic: Lymphoma Diagnosis and Treatment
Subfield: Pathology and Forensic Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Improper Creation and Distribution of 3D Data and Response of the Design Protection Act

본고는 디지털제조시대의 중심으로 떠오른 3D데이터의 법적위상을 정립하고 해외동향을 주 시하면서 3D데이터의 제작과 유통에 따른 디자인보호 정책상 대응 전략을 몇 가지 제시하고자 한다. 첫째, 디자인의 물품성, 시각성 등 성립요건과, 공업성, 실시개념 등 기초개념을 디지털제조시 대에 부합되게 재정립하여야 한다. 둘째, 정책적으로 3D프린터 제조 및 관련 서비스 산업의 활성화를 위해 3D프린팅 단계에서의 컨트롤과 3D데이터 자체의 제작과 유통에 대한 통제간의 실익을 잘 따져보아 법의 개입 단계를 신중하게 설정하여야 한다. 셋째, 디자인보호법 영역에서 그 보호대상과 실시대상으로서의 물품(또는 물)의 개념을 재정립하고 침해판단의 전제가 되는 실시개념도 데이터 전송을 포함한 무형적 이용이 포함될 수 있도록 개정되어야 한다. 또한 디자 인보호법에서 업(業)으로서 실시개념을 유지하여야 하는지에 대한 찬반론이 있는 만큼 충분한 검토가 필요하다. 넷째, 교체부품의 3D프린팅을 용인할 것인지의 여부는 소위 수리-재생산법리 (Repair- Reconstruction Doctrine)의 법칙에 따르게 되는데, 소비자 개인의 개입과 빈도수가 크게 증가한 측면에서 새로운 도전을 제기한다. 권리자의 침해사실 추적과 입증을 용이하게 하고 소비자들인 개인도 불안한 상태를 극복할 수 있도록 합리적 기준마련이 필요하다. 다섯째, 디지 털이슈를 먼저 겪은 저작권법 영역에서는 분산된 침해나 간접침해에 대한 대응과 사적 복제의 한계 설정 등에 대한 입법이 이루어졌다. 이러한 대응방식을 디자인보호법 영역에 어떻게 도입할 것인가에 대한 진지한 고민이 필요하다. 디자인과 특허의 영역에서 DMPA의 입법을 통해 DMCA의 세이프 하버(safe harbor) 규정 및 통지 및 게시 중단 조항과 유사한 조항의 도입을 통해 불법적 3D데이터의 유통을 통제하되 무고한 OSP에게 면책도 주어져야 한다. 간접침해에 대해서는 디자인보호법에도 비전용품에 대한 간접침해를 도입할 것인지를 검토하여야 하며 이 때 그 권리남용을 통제할 수 있도록 적절한 주관적 요건을 추가할 필요가 있다.

Topic: Cultural and Historical Studies
Subfield: Visual Arts and Performing Arts
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Retrieval of Metallic Foreign Bodies from the Upper Airway Using Intraoperative C-Arm Fluoroscopy: Case Report and Literature Review

Foreign body ingestion is commonly encountered by otolaryngologists. Most foreign bodies in the upper airway can be easily removed via direct endoscopy; however, if they penetrate the soft tissue deeply, both localization and retrieval may be challenging. Here, we report on the successful removal of multiple sewing needles from the throat using intraoperative, real-time C-arm fluoroscopy to guide endoscopic extraction. The use of intraoperative, real time C-arm fluoroscopy to guide endoscopic extraction allowed quick, safe treatment and avoided any development of complications in our patient.

Topic: Foreign Body Medical Cases
Subfield: Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Migration and Neoliberalism: Creating Spaces of Resistance

Anne McNevin’s book provides a valuable contribution to ongoing debates about the plight of irregular migrants in the context of neoliberal hegemony. It combines detailed analysis of contemporary movements that resist the ever-increasing controls over borders and movement, together with critical assessments of a range of contemporary theorists on the question. McNevin’s central argument is that neoliberalism not only delineates the migrant subject in various ways, but also traps activists into replicating many harmful assumptions about ‘deserving’ versus ‘undeserving’ migrants. She further argues for a resurrection of the political subjectivity of migrant communities, by both exploiting the crisis engendered at the nexus of neoliberal economics and the sovereign subject, and resisting the framework set by those paradigms.

Topic: Employment and Welfare Studies
Subfield: General Health Professions
Field: Health Professions
Domain: Health Sciences
Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Monitoring During Esophagectomy and Mediastinal Lymph Node Dissection

Abstract Background Patients who undergo surgery to the esophagus and lungs are in jeopardy of recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) damage during the procedure. This study was designed to investigate the feasibility of intraoperative monitoring of the RLN for single‐lung ventilation esophagus and lung surgery. Methods Twelve consecutive patients booked for esophagus or lung surgery were included in this prospective, observational study. Six patients underwent transthoracic esophagectomy for carcinoma of the esophagogastric junction or lower esophagus, five had a lobectomy, and one underwent a pneumonectomy for lung carcinoma. Intraoperative, noninvasive RLN identification and monitoring was performed unilaterally ( n = 8) or bilaterally ( n = 4) using a handheld stimulator and a laryngeal surface electrode. The correct functioning of the nerve monitoring system was tested directly at the vagus nerve. Diagnosis of postoperative RLN paralysis was performed using indirect laryngoscopy. Results During the surgical procedures, we monitored a nerve signal in all 12 patients. In one patient with lower esophagus carcinoma, a nerve signal could be detected only on one side. Postoperative indirect laryngoscopy showed normal vocal cord movement in all patients. Conclusions Intraoperative RLN identification and monitoring during single‐lung ventilation surgery is technically feasible, easy, and reliable. The introduction of standardized RLN monitoring during this type of surgery may reduce the incidence of permanent RLN paralysis.

Topic: Voice and Speech Disorders
Subfield: Physiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Cytology, Reproduction, and Sex Determination of Strongyloides ransomi and S. papillosus

Parasitic females of Strongyloides ransomi and Strongyloides papillosus have 4 chromosomes and reproduce exclusively by mitotic (apomictic) parthenogenesis. The free-living generation includes females and males. The females have 2 pairs of chromosomes of unequal size and reproduce by meiotic parthenogenesis following obligatory pseudofertilization (gynogenesis). The males undergo spermatogenesis by the regular meiotic process and have the same chromosomal complement as the females. During prophase I, however, a portion of one homologue of the large bivalent breaks free and subsequently is diminished, as in S. ransomi, or it rejoins the original homologue, as in S. papillosus. This behavior of meiotic chromosomes during spermatogenesis suggests that the karyotype of these species has evolved from a karyotype analogous to that of Strongyloides ratti with 2 pairs of autosomes and a pair of X chromosomes, following fusion of the X chromosome with an autosome and the formation of a Neo-X and a Neo-Y chromosome. The female karyotype of S. ransomi and S. papillosus thus may be 2A + 2 Neo-X. The males are phenotypic males and have the same karyotype as the females, but their functional karyotype may be 2A + Neo-X + Neo-Y.

Topic: Parasites and Host Interactions
Subfield: Parasitology
Field: Immunology and Microbiology
Domain: Life Sciences
Detection of Lupeol in Calendula Officinalis Grown in Iraq by GC-MS Analysis

Triterpenes are abundant group of natural compounds with important structural components of plant’s cell membranes. Free triterpenes stabilize phospholipid bilayers in plant cell membranes just as cholesterol does in animal cell membranes. Lupeol is a pentacyclic trite- rpene reported to have important physiological and therapeutic effects in human health issues, therefore its extraction from Calendula officinalis flowers and detection by GC-MS is of significant importance.

Topic: Nitrogen and Sulfur Effects on Brassica
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Charge-Generated Changes in Graphite Structures

It will be shown that a negatively charged carbon atom in a graphite sheet has an electron structure that is unusual in carbons, viz. the lone pair of electrons. This atom, similarly to the positively charged ones, is no longer able to participate in the (pi) bond network: both pop out from the sheet because of their elongated single bonds and tetrahedral structure. The lone-pair structure localizes the extra electron. Forbidden gaps open above and below the Fermi level as a consequence of the destroyed (pi) bonds. This model offers an explanation for many anomalous experimental data.

Topic: Graphene research and applications
Subfield: Materials Chemistry
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
State-to-State Mode Specificity in F + CHD<sub>3</sub> → HF/DF + CD<sub>3</sub>/CHD<sub>2</sub> Reaction

The F + CHD3 → HF/DF + CD3/CHD2 reaction is studied using a state-to-state quasi-classical trajectory method on a recently developed ab initio based full-dimensional potential energy surface. Consistent with sudden vector projection model predictions, the HF/DF products are highly excited in both vibrational and rotational modes, while the CD3/CHD2 product internal excitation is mostly in the umbrella/out-of-plane mode. Furthermore, the C-H stretching vibration in the CHD3 reactant is found to behave as an active mode for the HF + CD3 channel, leading to additional excitation in the HF product but having almost no impact on CD3 vibrational state distributions. On the other hand, this mode acts as a spectator for the DF + CHD2 channel, exerting little influence on the DF and other CHD2 vibrational modes except an extra quantum excitation in the C-H stretching mode. The calculated vibrational state resolved differential cross sections are in good agreement with available experimental results at Ec = 9.00 kcal/mol.

Topic: Advanced Chemical Physics Studies
Subfield: Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Acoustic Liner Drag: Measurements on Novel Facesheet Perforate Geometries

Interest in characterization of the aerodynamic drag of acoustic liners has increased in the past several years. This paper details experiments in the NASA Langley Grazing Flow Impedance Tube to quantify the relative drag of several perforate-over-honeycomb liner configurations at flow speeds of centerline flow Mach number equals 0.3 and 0.5. Various perforate geometries and orientations are investigated to determine their resistance factors using a static pressure drop approach. Comparison of these resistance factors gives a relative measurement of liner drag. For these same flow conditions, acoustic measurements are performed with tonal excitation from 400 to 3000 hertz at source sound pressure levels of 140 and 150 decibels. Educed impedance and attenuation spectra are used to determine the impact of variations in perforate geometry on acoustic performance.

Topic: Aerodynamics and Acoustics in Jet Flows
Subfield: Aerospace Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences