jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Near supermartingales for convergence analysis of recursive identification and adaptive control schemes

An equivalent stochastic feedback system can be associated to many recursive identification and adaptive control schemes. This equivalent feedback system has a certain structure which is used for constructing near supermartingales allowing to establish a.s. convergence. Explicit convergence conditions are then obtained for recursive identification and adaptive control schemes which admit an equivalent stochastic feedback representation of the form considered. The usefulness of the results is llustrated by their application to the straightforward convergence analysis of Several schemes.

Topic: Stochastic processes and financial applications
Subfield: Finance
Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance
Domain: Social Sciences
The advantage of differentials in the technique of differentiation

In the last few years the topic of differentials has occupied the attention of a good many teachers of mathematics. Since the appearance in 1931 of my article advocating the teaching of the Differential Calculus from the differential standpoint right from the start, very divergent views have been expressed on this question and there was a general discussion on the topic at the annual meeting of the Mathematical Association in 1934. This article, the subsequent correspondence and the discussion have certainly brought into evidence the fact that many mathematicians still have a very obvious distrust of “differentials” and they seem unable to clear their minds of some early prejudice against the employment of differentials for any purpose.

Topic: History and Theory of Mathematics
Subfield: Theoretical Computer Science
Field: Mathematics
Domain: Physical Sciences
Packaging Effects on Transistor Radiation Response

A procedure is established for determining the effective device radiation dose from the equivalent silicon ionizing dose as measured by a silicon calorimeter, provided the incident spectrum and device dimensions are known. Experimental data is obtained from a silicon transistor packaged in Kovar and Kovar/ gold TO-5 cans and subjected to low-and high-energy photon radiation environments. The experimental results are compared to depth-dose profiles calculated by the SANDYL radiation transport code. The procedure correlates device photocurrent data between radiation environments with different photon energies.

Topic: Radiation Effects in Electronics
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Simulations and symbolic explanations

The following paper defines the problem of writing symbolic explanation facilities for computer simulations. Our approach towards this problem draws from an existing body of research on a related problem, that of writing an explanation facility for an expert system. We discuss the notion of an explanation facility for a computer simulation with reference to a specific inventory control simulation (Gaither, 1982). We believe, however, that the structure of our explanation facility for Gaither's simulation reflects the structure of human explanatory activities, and thus may be usefully applied in a variety of problem domains.

Topic: AI-based Problem Solving and Planning
Subfield: Artificial Intelligence
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
The Frequency of Round Handwriting in Edmonton, Alberta Schools

Round handwriting is not taught in the public school system. This style is reportedly favoured by females and rarely found in males. To determine the frequency of this style among the students in the Edmonton, Alberta, Canada region, eight schools were approached to provide handwriting from students in grades 4 through 12. A page of writing on a prescribed form was requested from each student who had permission to participate in this study. A total of 569 males and 617 females completed the form. Of these, 192 males and 171 females hand printed their sample forms either from habit or as a result of teacher instruction. Of the remaining forms, no males and no females wrote using round handwriting. This is not a common style of handwriting in school age children in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.

Topic: Writing and Handwriting Education
Subfield: Education
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Synthesis of SbSBr and SbSI<sub>1-x</sub>Br<sub>x</sub> in water solution

The possibility to synthesize SbSBr and SbSI1-xBrx in a dilute hydrochloric acid solution was shown. Conversely to the SbSI, synthesis of SbSBr and SbSI1-xBrx in this solution requires an excess of bromide-anions, higher temperature and prolonged duration of chemical reaction. The final products were characterized by X-ray diffraction, X-ray fluorescence, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and iodometric titration measurements. The real content of bromide in the resulting SbSI1-xBrx phases is less than the bromide amount calculated according to the reaction equation due to the lower π-acceptor properties of bromide as compared with iodide.

Topic: Nuclear materials and radiation effects
Subfield: Materials Chemistry
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Sensing strategy and recognizing attractor

The representation of intelligence is analyzed for intelligent behaviours, and its shortcoming is showed. It is proposed that the intelligent sensing behaviour in active sensing is necessary to realize a corresponding ethological behaviour in dynamic environment. As a part of general intelligent measurement methodology, the process of evolving a recognizing attractor is simulated. The behaviour evolution and convergence is described by logistic dynamic model.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>

Topic: Motor Control and Adaptation
Subfield: Cognitive Neuroscience
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences
Carbon Long Fiber Reinforced Magnesium Alloys

Magnesium alloys have a high potential for reducing mass in automotive and aerospace applications due to their extraordinary low density. However, their utilization is often restricted since magnesium suffers from several material inherent deficiencies like low stiffness, poor high temperature strength, low wear and creep resistance as well as a high thermal expansion coefficient. Certain remedies have been developed in the past, e.g., extremely high in-axis strength and stiffness values can be reached by the reinforcement of magnesium with carbon long fibers. This paper reviews the investigations at the University of Erlangen on carbon long-fibers introduced into magnesium by a gas pressure melt infiltration technique.

Topic: Magnesium Alloys: Properties and Applications
Subfield: Biomaterials
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
The E-Money Revolution: Challenges and Implications for Monetary Policy

The e-revolution promises to introduce new e-monies that may ultimately displace existing money. E-money poses a challenge to central banks’ ability to control interest rates, and it may also increase endogenous financial instability. The challenge to interest rate control stems from the possibility that e-money may diminish the financial system’s demand for central bank liabilities, rendering central banks unable to conduct meaningful open market operations. Increasedfinancial instability could emerge from the increased elasticity of private money production, and from periodic runs out of e-money into central bank money that generate liquidity crises.

Topic: Economic Theory and Policy
Subfield: General Economics, Econometrics and Finance
Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance
Domain: Social Sciences
Inhibitory Effect of Sulfides on Browning of Apple Slice

ネギ属の野菜を切ったり磨砕したりする時に生成するスルフィド類がリンゴ切片の褐変に及ぼす影響を調べた. 500mlのポリプロピレン袋に新鮮なリンゴ切片と10μlのジメチルトリスルフィドを入れておくとリンゴ切片は褐変せず, また, すでに褐変したリンゴ切片の色を白色化した. リンゴ切片とジメチルトリスルフィドを一緒に包装しておくとメタンチオールが生成し, そのメタンチオールによって褐変が抑制されることを見出した. ジメチルジスルフィドの場合は褐変を中程度に抑制し, 少しづつメタンチオールを生成した. 一方, ジメチルスルフィドはリンゴ切片の褐変を抑制せず, メタンチオールも生成しなかった. これらの結果から, トリスルフィド, ジスルフィドによるリンゴ切片の褐変抑制は, 大部分がリンゴとこれらのスルフィドから生成するメタンチオールの作用であり, モノスルフィドはメタンチオール生成の基質となり得ないと考えられた.

Topic: Garlic and Onion Studies
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
A New Method of Automatic Recognition of B-Mode Ultrasound Imaging of Common Carotid Artery in Longitude

Carotid sonography can be used to assess the extent and severity of atherosclerosis in populations. The common carotid artery (CCA) properties, such as the lumen diameter and wall thickness, can be measured non-invasively. In real-time processing systems of ultrasound imaging, the manual initialization procedure interferes with the difficult task of the sonographer to select. In order to eliminate user interference and to accelerate processing of ultrasound imaging, we present a new algorithm for the automatic recognition of B-mode ultrasound imaging of common carotid artery in longitude. This algorithm is fast and effective in recognition common carotid artery. The experiment result showed that correct recognition rate of CCA is more than 99% of 748 logarithmic compressed frames and 98% of 748 uncompressed frames.

Topic: Cardiovascular Health and Disease Prevention
Subfield: Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
1374: COME TOGETHER: IMPLEMENTING INTERDISCIPLINARY SAFETY HUDDLES TO IMPROVE RESIDENT EVENT REPORTING

Ramagnano, Sebastian; Myers, Jennifer; Pascual, Jose; Sonnenberg, Elizabeth; Cereda, Maurizio; Aiello, Christine; Scesa, Kevin; Dowzicky, Phillip Author Information

Topic: Radiology practices and education
Subfield: Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Recommendations for the Early Recognition and Prevention of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

The symptoms of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) commonly occur during or soon after the onset of puberty, which may preclude early recognition of the disorder, because the clinical expression of gonadal activation with pubertal development may bear close resemblance to that of PCOS. The single-most important finding is that of progressive hirsutism. Chronic anovulation is less reliable unless the pattern of menstrual irregularity persists beyond 2–3 years. Obesity does not appear to be an etiology for PCOS but may hasten the onset by virtue of associated insulin resistance and compensatory hyperinsulinemia. Efforts to minimize the clinical features of PCOS in young adolescent girls depend on early diagnosis and timely suppression of excess ovarian androgen production.

Topic: Ovarian function and disorders
Subfield: Reproductive Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Biomarkers for adult-onset Still’s disease

Adult-onset Still’s disease (AOSD) is a rare complex autoinflammatory disease of unknown etiology. The main problem, practitioners have been facing with when researching AOSD, is the lack of developed approaches to assessing the activity of the disease. Traditionally used standard markers of inflammation do not always reflect the real activity of AOSD, especially when a patient is already receiving anti-inflammatory therapy. The article presents original data on the study of biomarkers: interleukin-1 beta (IL-1b), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-18 (IL-18), ferritin, glycosylated ferritin, calprotectin, procalcitonin compared with C-reactive protein, leukocyte and neutrophil counts in patients with moderate and high activity of AOSD. The relationship between inflammatory biomarkers and the Pouchot systemic score was evaluated to identify promising laboratory indicators of disease activity.

Topic: Autoimmune and Inflammatory Disorders Research
Subfield: Hematology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Influence of the exact source and receiver positions on the uncertainty of acoustical measurements in concert halls

Acoustical measurements are crucial to backing up theories or supporting conclusions in research and practical applications. In concert halls, however, it is well known that small changes to the receiver position yield a measurable change to the impulse response and the calculated single number parameter. This gives raise to the questions whether these spatial fluctuations limit the validity of measurements and whether there are implications for measurement applications? The presented study discusses how a measurement uncertainty approach may provide a new perspective to these problems. Based on array measurements a relationship has been established that quantifies how a change in measurement position leads to an average change to a room acoustic quantity. Strategies as outlined by the “Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement” (GUM) are used to determine the bounds in which valid measurement results can be collected. It is discussed how these findings can be considered in applied measurement studies.

Topic: Hearing Loss and Rehabilitation
Subfield: Cognitive Neuroscience
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences
CCDC 676205: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.

Topic: Crystallization and Solubility Studies
Subfield: Materials Chemistry
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
[Study on the stability of Japanese encephalitis vaccine--development of freeze-dry dosage form].

In order to prolong shelf-life and improve the quality of the vaccine product, not only an effective stabilizer but also a more proper dosage form has been sought. The stability of a Japanese encephalitis (JE) vaccine produced from mouse brain along with a variety of stabilizers and lyophilization protocols was evaluated. Without any stabilizers added, almost 90% of the antigenicity would vanish after freeze-drying process. Comparative studies of various compounds, including carbohydrates, amino acids, peptides and medium 199, on both antigenicity preservation and thermostability of the vaccine were carried out. The results indicated that the best reconstituted vaccines were prepared with two stabilizer formulations, sucrose and sucrose/gelatin. They were further examined by accelerated stability test at room and higher temperatures. The sucrose-added lyophilized vaccine can retain its original antigenicity for more than 60 days both at 37 degrees C and 45 degrees C. We conclude the thermostability efficiency of each of the stabilizers tested is as that follows: sucrose > sucrose/gelatin > gelatin/medium > gelatin.

Topic: Mosquito-borne diseases and control
Subfield: Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Problems of Novice Teachers: Challenges vs. Support

Each year thousands of students (novice teachers) get a degree to start teaching. 30% to 50% teachers leave their jobs in the first five years of their carrier around the world. The novice teachers often appear to be in need of helpful feedback in their first years from experienced colleagues and administrators. The goal of this survey was to find out the problems that beginning teachers face in their first years of teaching, and investigate the support they get in these years from their colleagues and administrators. A conclusion is made that beginning teachers are not emotionally and practically ready to face the difficulties of teaching alone. Teachers are having challenges in their first years with classroom management, relational issues with colleagues, students and administrators. They are not getting enough support from their colleagues in the first years, when they especially need it.

Topic: Teacher Education and Leadership Studies
Subfield: Education
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
There's Something About An Old Fashioned Girl (Muchaha Anticuada)

Performer: Ben Selvin &amp; His Orch. Writer: De Sylva; Brown; Henderson Fox Trot; Vocal Refrain; Talkie Hit from William Fox Production "Just Imagine". Digitized at 78 revolutions per minute. Four stylii were used to transfer this record. They are 3.8 mil truncated conical, 2.3 mil truncated conical, 2.8 mil truncated conical, 3.3 mil truncated conical. These were recorded flat and then also equalized with Turnover: 500.0. The preferred versions suggested by an audio engineer at George Blood, L.P. have been copied to have the more friendly filenames. Matrix number: W 150803 Catalog number: 2298-D Other IDs from the record include: (150803)

Topic: Magnetic confinement fusion research
Subfield: Nuclear and High Energy Physics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Abstract TMP17: Impaired Perfusion Imaging Predicts Recurrent Cerebrovascular Events in Symptomatic Large Vessel Stenosis

Importance: Large vessel disease (LVD) stroke subtype carries the highest risk of early recurrent stroke, reaching up to 30% in the first few days. Predictors of early recurrence have been previously described, but less is known regarding infarct expansion and other causes of neurological worsening. We aim to determine the association between impaired perfusion and neurological decline in patients with LVD subtype. Methods: This is a single center retrospective cohort study of all consecutive patients 18 years or older with LVD admitted with a diagnosis of ischemic stroke within 24 hours from symptom onset (12/1/2016 to 3/31/2017). Patients with 1) evidence of ≥ 50% stenosis of a large intra- or extracranial artery on computerized tomography angiography (CTA); 2) symptoms referable to the territory of the affected artery and NIHSS &lt; 15 and 3) perfusion imaging data using the RAPID processing software were included. The primary predictor was unfavorable mismatch volume ≥15 mL, defined as perfusion deficit of Tmax &gt; 6sec volume minus infarct volume similar to neuro-interventional trials. The outcome was recurrent cerebrovascular events (RCVE) at 90 days (adjudicated independently by two vascular neurologists) defined as a decline in neurologic function in the absence of a medical cause, or new infarct or infarct extension in the territory of the affected artery. We estimated the hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for unfavorable perfusion imaging as predictor of RCVE using univariable and multivariable Cox proportional hazards models. Results: Sixty-eight patients met our inclusion criteria (mean age 64.7 years; 61.8% male; 58.8% intracranial LVD). When compared to patients without RCVE, patients with RCVE were more likely to have unfavorable mismatch volume [71.4% vs. 14.8%, p&lt;0.001]. This association persisted after adjusting for sex, dual antiplatelet therapy, initial stroke severity, and intracranial location of LVD (adjusted HR 15.6, 95% CI 3.7-66.7, p&lt;0.001). Conclusion: Perfusion mismatch is associated with RCVE in patients with ischemic stroke due to LVD. Pursuit of more aggressive treatment and management strategies may be warranted in this population.

Topic: Cerebrovascular and Carotid Artery Diseases
Subfield: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
New Concept of Universal Binary Multiplication and Its Implementation on FPGA

This paper proposes the new improvements of signed binary multiplication equation, signed multiplier, and universal multiplier. The proposed multipliers have low complexity algorithms and are easy to implement into software and hardware. Both signed, and universal multipliers are embedded into FPGA by optimizing the use of LUTs (6-LUT and 5-LUT), carry chain Carry4, and fast carry logics: MUXCYs and XORCYs.Each one is implemented as a serial-parallel multiplier and parallel multiplier. The signed multiplier executes four types of multiplication, i.e., between two operands that each one can be a signed positive (SPN) or signed negative numbers (SNN). The universal multiplier can handle all (nine) types of multiplication, where each operand can be as unsigned(USN), signed positive, and signed negative numbers. For 8x8 bits, signed serial-parallel and signed parallel multipliers occupy19 LUTs and 58 LUTs with a logic time delay of 0.769 ns and 3.600 ns. Besides, for 8x8 bits, serial-parallel and parallel universal multipliers inhabit 21 LUTs and 60 LUTs with a logic time delay of 0.831ns and 3.677 ns, successively.

Topic: Low-power high-performance VLSI design
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Structural characterization of starch networks in the solid state by cross-polarization magic-angle-spinning carbon-13 NMR spectroscopy and wide angle x-ray diffraction

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStructural characterization of starch networks in the solid state by cross-polarization magic-angle-spinning carbon-13 NMR spectroscopy and wide angle x-ray diffractionA. Shefer, S. Shefer, J. Kost, and R. LangerCite this: Macromolecules 1992, 25, 25, 6756–6760Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00051a005https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00051a005research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views207Altmetric-Citations22LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts

Topic: Advanced NMR Techniques and Applications
Subfield: Spectroscopy
Field: Chemistry
Domain: Physical Sciences
If “Everyone Does It,” Then You Can Too

I argue that the “But Everyone Does That” (BEDT) defense can have significant exculpatory force in a legal sense, but not a moral sense. I consider whether legal realism is a better theory of the law than the more orthodox view of respecting the law as it is written. I next examine what the purpose of the law is, especially attending to how widespread disobedience is treated. Finally, I attempt to fit BEDT within Paul Robinson’s framework for categorizing defenses. I conclude that, first, BEDT can have significant exculpatory force; second, a BEDT plea does not comport with either Robinson’s definition of an excuse or other commonly held conceptions and so needs its own classification; and finally, BEDT does not exonerate the offender in a moral sense—only in a legal context.

Topic: Free Will and Agency
Subfield: Cognitive Neuroscience
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences