jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Mobile Addiction of Generation Z and its Effects on their Social Lifes

Mobile phones is one of the most preferred digital devices in constituting a large part of our daily lives in particular. Using of the mobile phones with technical innovations has become more common for this group named as generation Z. Creating a new and different social environment with sharing the private life in social websites like as Facebook, Twitter, Instagram etc. has reach a level that is closer to their social life than real life. It has been believed that smart phone usage especially in these generations has become an addiction and is considered that this situation has an effect to great extent on their social life and psychology. The aim of the study is to analyze mobile addiction of generation Z and how this addiction impacts in their social and individual lifes. In this study, the determination of the importance of factors that affect the mobile dependence of the generation Z and whether has an impact of the generations Z's social lifes or not, was evaluated by creating a new scale and utilizing a variety of scales in literature. This research was done with university students aged 18-23 is composed of a sample consisting of 276 persons.

Topic: Impact of Technology on Adolescents
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Evaluating the effectiveness of aerial pesticide application in reducing the risk of pesticide-related diseases

BACKGROUND AND AIM: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the risk of pesticide-related diseases among pesticide-spraying personnel compared to farmers and to assess the effectiveness of the new method of aerial pesticide application in reducing this risk. METHOD: This study included all 2,725 pesticide-spraying personnel who passed the national certification examination from 2010 to 2021. To compare their risk of pesticide-related diseases with farmers, we matched them with four times the number of farmer controls of the same age, gender, and enrollment area (n=10,858). The study population was linked to the National Health Insurance Research Database from 2010 to 2020 to track inpatient/ outpatient cases. The target diseases of this study were pesticide-related diseases, including pesticide poisoning (ICD-10 CM: T60), acute liver failure (K72), acute renal failure (N17), asthma (J45, J46), chronic bronchitis (J410, J411, J418, J42), Parkinson's disease (G20, G21)). Logistic regression was used to assess odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals for outcomes. RESULTS: This study found only a slight increase in the prevalence of pesticide poisoning among pesticide-spraying personnel compared to the farmer controls (25.69 per 100,000 vs. 23.95 per 100,000), but there was no statistical difference between the two groups. To further analyze the effectiveness of different application methods, we compared the risk of disease between aerial pesticide applicators (n=1,001) and ground pesticide applicators (including indoor facility fumigation, outdoor soil fumigation, and seed disinfection) (n=1,724) among pesticide-spraying personnel. After correcting for age, gender, and place of residence, we found that the aerial applicators had a lower risk of asthma (OR=0.30; 95%CI=0.15-0.57) and chronic bronchitis (OR=0.20; 95%CI=0.06-0.66) compared to the ground pesticide applicators. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests the aerial pesticide spraying can reduce the risk of asthma and chronic bronchitis in applicators compared to ground application. Field surveys are recommended to verify these potential health risk indicators.

Topic: Pesticide Exposure and Toxicity
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Fractional and group composition of the Mn, Cr, Ni, and Cd compounds in the soils of technogenic landscapes in the impact zone of the Novocherkassk Power Station

The compounds of Cr, Ni, Mn, and Cd in the soils around the Novocherkassk Power Station and the influence of the technogenic and natural factors on their composition were investigated. The data on the fractional and the group composition of these compounds proved to be informative for assessing the ecological state of the soils. The soil components specifying the accumulation and the properties of the heavy metal compounds in the polluted and unpolluted areas were identified.

Topic: Heavy metals in environment
Subfield: Pollution
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Microstructure and Properties of Porous Si3N4/Dense Si3N4 Joints Bonded Using RE–Si–Al–O–N (RE = Y or Yb) Glasses

The joining of porous Si3N4 to dense Si3N4 ceramics has been successfully performed using mixed RE2O3 (RE = Y or Yb), Al2O3, SiO2, and α-Si3N4 powders. The results suggested that the α-Si3N4 powders partly transformed into β-SiAlON and partly dissolved into oxide glass to form oxynitride glass. Thus, composites of glass/β-SiAlON-ceramic formed in the seam of joints. Due to the capillary action of the porous Si3N4 ceramic, the molten glass solder infiltrated into the porous Si3N4 ceramic side during the joining process and formed the “infiltration zone” with a thickness of about 400 μm, which contributed to the heterogeneous distribution of the RE–Si–Al–O–N glasses in the porous Si3N4 substrate. In-situ formation of β-SiAlON in the seam resulted in a high bonding strength. The maximum bending strength of 103 MPa and 88 MPa was reached for the porous Si3N4/dense Si3N4 joints using Y–Si–Al–O–N and Yb–Si–Al–O–N glass solders, respectively.

Topic: Advanced ceramic materials synthesis
Subfield: Ceramics and Composites
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
LHD Magnetics5 #115744.1

Magnetic measurements for estimating global parameters and for magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) study to introduce diamagnetic flux measurement and MHD mode analysis. Various types of magnetic sensors are used; Rogowski coils and magnetic probes inside and ourside the LHD vacuum vessel.

Topic: Particle physics theoretical and experimental studies
Subfield: Nuclear and High Energy Physics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Fêtes - (Part 2)

Performer: ORCHESTRE DE LA SOCIETE DES CONCERTS DU CONSERVATOIRE Writer: CLAUDE DEBUSSY NOCTURNES; Orchestra; Conducted by;. Digitized at 78 revolutions per minute. Four stylii were used to transfer this record. They are 3.5mil ET, 2.3mil CT, 2.8mil CT, 3.3mil CT. These were recorded flat and then also equalized with Turnover: 250, Rolloff: -5. The preferred versions suggested by an audio engineer at George Blood, L.P. have been copied to have the more friendly filenames. Matrix number: 2LA2569 Catalog number: D.B.5067 Other IDs from the record include: 2LA.2569; No. 4

Topic: Magnetic confinement fusion research
Subfield: Nuclear and High Energy Physics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Ulcerative Colitis in Elderly People: An Emerging Issue

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a common cause of chronic gastrointestinal disease in the developed world, which has a bimodal age distribution, with 10-30% of the affected population older than 60 years. Elderly patients with UC will be seen more frequently with the aging of the population and increasing incidence of UC. The management of UC in the elderly population is more complex due to comorbidities and polypharmacy. This review article provides a brief up-to-date comprehensive summary of the epidemiology, diagnosis, and management of UC, with a focus on the special caring for elderly patients. Clinical challenges in the diagnosis of elderly patients with UC and the adverse effects or benefits of treatment options have been described.

Topic: Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Subfield: Genetics
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
User's guide for RAM. Volume I. Algorithm description and use

The information presented in this user's guide is directed to air pollution scientists having an interest in applying air quality simulation models. RAM is a method of estimating short-term dispersion using the Gaussian steady-state model. These algorithms can be used for estimating air quality concentrations of relatively nonreactive pollutants for averaging times from an hour to a day from point and area sources. The algorithms are applicable for locations with level or gently rolling terrain where a single wind vector for each hour is a good approximation to the flow over the source area considered. Calculations are performed for each hour. Hourly meteorological data required are wind direction, wind speed, temperature, stability class, and mixing height. Emission information required of point sources consists of source coordinates, emission rate, physical height, stack diameter, stack gas exit velocity, and stack gas temperature. Emission information required of area sources consists of southwest corner coordinates, source side length, total area emission rate and effective area source-height. Computation time is kept to a minimum by the manner in which concentrations from area sources are estimated using a narrow plume hypothesis and using the area source squares as given rather than breaking down all sources intomore » an area of uniform elements. Options are available to the user to allow use of three different types of receptor locations: (1) those whose coordinates are input by the user, (2) those whose coordinates are determined by the model and are downwind of significant point and area sources where maxima are likely to occur, and (3) those whose coordinates are determined by the model to give good area coverage of a specific portion of the region. Computation time is also decreased by keeping the number of receptors to a minimum.« less

Topic: Vehicle emissions and performance
Subfield: Automotive Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
The Myth of the Imposed Constitution

© Cambridge University Press 2013. “Is there any point to which you would wish to draw my attention?” “To the curious incident of the dog in the night-time.” “The dog did nothing in the night-time.” “That was the curious incident,” remarked Sherlock Holmes. – Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, Silver Blaze INTRODUCTION: Postwar constitutionalism in Japan can be likened to the story of the dog that did not bark: the absence of the most routine forms of constitutional change is a source of mystery. Since its promulgation in 1947, the Nihonkoku Kenpō has yet to be amended even once, a record unmatched by any other constitution currently in force (Elkins et al. 2009: 180). (By way of comparison, the average national constitution lasts only nineteen years before it is replaced [129], to say nothing of how frequently it is amended. Germany alone has amended its postwar constitution more than fifty times.) Nor would it seem that judicial lawmaking has supplanted formal amendment. The Supreme Court of Japan almost never strikes down laws on constitutional grounds: since its establishment in 1947, it has done so just eight times. (Germany's constitutional court, created at roughly the same time, has struck down more than 600 laws; the U.S. Supreme Court's tally over the same period is roughly 900.)

Topic: International Law and Human Rights
Subfield: Political Science and International Relations
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Gold Concentrations Hosted in Coal — An Exploration Model

Abstract Although some recent gold exploration efforts have been directed at carbonaceous sediments as hosts for gold deposits, extrapolation of that same exploration philosophy to include the possibility of coal beds as favorable host horizons has been generally ignored. Coal, sub-coal, and carbon-rich sediments are ideal concentrating units for gold in hydrothermal and diagenetic systems. Coal is typically the most permeable of carbon-rich sediments due to its inherent brittleness, which leads to high fracture density. Coal is also typically enclosed by packages of relatively impermeable sediments, which can serve to channel potentially mineralizing solutions into coal seams. Coal concentrates metals both by the carbon and hydrocarbons acting as chemical reductants and by the elemental carbon acting as a molecular lattice trap. The entrained gold is finely dispersed in micrometer-sized particles of metal in the coal. Gold concentrations of a few ppm are known to occur naturally in some coal beds. Extreme concentrations of gold (>200 ounces per ton) are commonly loaded onto carbon in conventional gold mill circuits. Regional compilations of coal occurrences coincident with occurrences of gold and other epithermal-suite metals could help provide the framework for an exploration model.

Topic: Coal and Its By-products
Subfield: Geochemistry and Petrology
Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences
Domain: Physical Sciences
New Perspectives on Middle English Texts: A Festschrift for R. A. Waldron

Setting and context in the works of the Gawain-Poet, Malcom Andrew performance and structure of the alliterative Morte Arthure, Rosamund S. Allen feasting in Middle English alliterative poetry, Ralph Hanna untying the knot - reading Sir Gawain and the Green Knight, Susan Powell two Laymon readings, Jane Roberts semantics and metrical form in Sir Gawain and the Green Knight, Jeremy J. Smith Quha wait gift all that Chauceir wrait was trew? Henryson's testament of Cresseid, Derek Pearsall the links in The Canterbury Tales, Norman Blake Middle English verse in chronicles, Julia Boffey, A.S.G Edwards an English reading of Boccaccio - a selective Middle English version of Boccaccio's De Mulieribus Claris in British Library MS Additional 10304, Janet M. Cowen temporal and spiritual indebtedness in The Canterbury Tales, Elton D. Higgs notes on Chaucer, George Kane.

Topic: Medieval Literature and History
Subfield: Classics
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
New HRM Practices in the Public and Private Sector Industrial Enterprises of Bangladesh: A Comparative Assessment

This study explored adoption of new HRM practices in the public and private sector organizations of Bangladesh. We collected data from sixty industrial enterprises located in the main industrial city of country, i.e. Chittagong. The study revealed significant difference on adoption of new HRM practices between public and private sector industrial enterprises of Bangladesh. Employees in the private sector organizations appeared to be more satisfied than public sector organizations with organizational HRM practices.

Topic: Regional Development and Management Studies
Subfield: Economics and Econometrics
Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance
Domain: Social Sciences
Scale dependence of energy transfer in turbulent plasma

In the context of space and astrophysical plasma turbulence and particle heating, several vocabularies emerge for estimating turbulent energy dissipation rate, including Kolmogorov-Yaglom third-order law and, in its various forms, $\boldsymbol{j}\cdot\boldsymbol{E}$ (work done by the electromagnetic field on particles), and $-\left( \boldsymbol{P} \cdot \nabla \right) \cdot \boldsymbol{u}$ (pressure-strain interaction), to name a couple. It is now understood that these energy transfer channels, to some extent, are correlated with coherent structures. In particular, we find that different energy dissipation proxies, although not point-wise correlated, are concentrated in proximity to each other, for which they decorrelate in a few $d_i$(s). However, the energy dissipation proxies dominate at different scales. For example, there is an inertial range over which the third-order law is meaningful. Contributions from scale bands stemming from scale-dependent spatial filtering show that, the energy exchange through $\boldsymbol{j}\cdot\boldsymbol{E}$ mainly results from large scales, while the energy conversion from fluid flow to internal through $-\left( \boldsymbol{P} \cdot \nabla \right) \cdot \boldsymbol{u}$ dominates at small scales.

Topic: Solar and Space Plasma Dynamics
Subfield: Astronomy and Astrophysics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Testosterone Production in Normal and Virilized Women and in Women with the Stein-Leventhal Syndrome or Idiopathic Hirsutism

Testosterone production rates have been measured in normal and virilized women and in patients with the Stein-Leventhal syndrome and idiopathic hirsutism. In patients with virilization, production rates were increased. However, production rates were within the normal range and plasma testosterone levels varied from normal to high in patients with Stein-Leventhal syndrome or idiopathic hirsutism. Suppression studies indicated that the adrenal cortex was a significant source of the plasma testosterone in all groups. HCG did not increase either measure of androgen metabolism in the normal woman but was effective in some of the subjects with the Stein-Leventhal syndrome.

Topic: Sexual Differentiation and Disorders
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Magnetic order induced by Fe doping in the intermediate valence system β-YbAlB4

We have succeeded in doping Fe at the Al site in the intermediate valence and quantum critical material β-YbAlB4 up to 6%. Our measurements of the magnetization and the specific heat for β-YbAl0.94Fe0.06B4 show magnetic ordering at 10 K. The antiferromagnetic Weiss temperature of 88 K, which is smaller than the 110 K for β-YbAlB4, indicates that Fe doping suppresses the Kondo temperature and induces magnetism, driving the system away from the quantum critical point.

Topic: Rare-earth and actinide compounds
Subfield: Condensed Matter Physics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
[A female anatomist of the enlightenment: Marie Marguerite Biheron (1719-1795)].

Since a notice published in 1811 in the Biographie universelle of Michaud, it has been supposed that the famous "Mademoiselle Biheron" of the XVIIIth century, who made artificial anatomies and was especially admired by Diderot, had Marie Catherine as her Christian names. It was a mistake which would invalidate for almost two centuries all the researches on the biography of this anatomist and artist. No one even knew the date and the circumstances of her death. The author, having discovered her true names - Marie Marguerite -, realised many investigations on her and her family. He worked especially on notarian archives, both in Paris, where she was born, and in the north of the old Maine province (present Sarthe department), from which her father, who was a Parisian apothecary, originated. Also he recalls the essential part that this Marie Marguerite Biheron (1719-1795) played in the evolution of the ideas concerning the teaching and medical use of anatomical data. Her contribution in that field was one of those which prepared the important reforms which would take place at the end of the century, at the time of the Convention, conducting in particular to the development of modern surgery.

Topic: Historical and Scientific Studies
Subfield: Pathology and Forensic Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Time reference and tense marking in Greek agrammatism: evidence from narratives and a sentence production priming task

Background Cross-linguistic studies on time reference in highly inflected languages have shown that tense inflection is particularly vulnerable in agrammatic speakers. According to the PAstDIscourseLInking Hypothesis (PADILIH), an asymmetry is predicted between past and non-past forms, due to the extra discourse linkage the former type imposes.Aims The present paper investigates whether Greek agrammatic speakers are able to correctly use tense markers with respect to the relevant reference point, analyzing data from three different production tasks to understand how performance is modulated by different methodologies.Methods & Procedures seven agrammatic speakers and a control group participated in three experimental tasks (a) an elicited picture description, (b) a semi-standardized interview and (c) a sentence production priming task.Outcomes & Results Different outcomes were elicited across different tasks. Agrammatic speakers tended to accurately use past tense forms when they could freely select the content of their narration, as in the case of the two narrative tasks (the elicited picture description, and the semi-standardized interview). However, the same participants experienced significant difficulties referring to past and future events when using a sentence production priming task. Consequently, the predictions of PADILIH are not fully supported by the Greek data, given that, in addition to past tense deficits, the future tense was also severely compromised.Conclusions Our data clearly suggest that language performance is affected by the processing demands placed on the patient’s linguistic system by the experimental task used. Moreover, future tense deficits in Greek are interpreted as difficulties in the processing of conversational implicatures.

Topic: Neurobiology of Language and Bilingualism
Subfield: Cognitive Neuroscience
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences
From the art of teamwork to the science of team performance in the operating room

In the past few years, teamwork and team skills in surgery have been attracting significant attention. A number of interventions aimed at improving teamwork in operating room and several assessment tools have been developed and reported in the surgical and anaesthetic literatures. In this talk, I will first provide a background to these developments, highlighting their origins, and rationale. I will then present the current state of the art, including evidence of effectiveness of interventions aimed at improving teamwork in the peri-operative setting and ongoing large trials of some of them. To conclude, a framework for integrating the various aspects of team performance in the operating room will be presented, to be discussed with the audience.

Topic: Cardiac, Anesthesia and Surgical Outcomes
Subfield: Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
A new electrochemically graded hydroxyapatite coating for osteosynthetic implants promotes implant osteointegration in a rat model

Hydroxyapatite (HAP) is widely used as an osteoconductive coating for orthopedic implants. So far standard coating methods like plasma spraying produce a relatively thick coating layer (>30 μm). In addition, the chemical structure of the HAP may be altered because of the heating throughout the coating process. This may have negative effects on the coating stability, implant fixation, and induction of bone formation. The relatively thick layer may detach from the implant with the risk of wear debris. In the present study the potential of a newly developed HAP coating of implants on osteointegration was investigated in a rat model. The coating method, based on an electrochemical process, is applied in a graded manner and results in a biodegradable HAP coating with a thickness of approximately 2 μm. Coated versus uncoated titanium Kirschner wires (1.4-mm diameter) were inserted into the medullary cavity of the right femora of 5-month old female Sprague Dawley rats (n=36) in a retrograde fashion. Throughout an experimental period of 2 months the osteointegration was traced radiologically. After this time the animals were sacrificed and the implant integration was tested biomechanically with the use of a push-out test. To analyze the bone-implant interface, histological sections (80 μm) were investigated with an image analyzing system. The biomechanical testing revealed a significantly higher implant fixation in the group treated with the HAP-coated implant (shear strength: 27.8 ± 6.7 MPa) compared to control (shear strength: 8.08 ± 3.4 MPa). The histological analyses demonstrated a better ingrowth of the implants in the HAP group with significantly more direct bone-implant contacts compared to the control group. The results demonstrate that the HAP coating promotes implant osteointegration in a rat model. © John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res (Appl Biomater) 63: 168–172, 2002; DOI 10.002/jbm.10130

Topic: Orthopaedic implants and arthroplasty
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences