jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Colonial Civil Servant and Counter-revolutionary: Thomas Irving (1738?-1800) in Boston, Charleston, and London

For the last two decades of the eighteenth century almost every officially compiled account of the trade of Great Britain and its empire bore the signature of Thomas Irving. A careful, astute, efficient administrator, he was one of many Scots employed in the British civil service. He played an important if hitherto unappreciated role in the pre-Revolutionary crisis in the Thirteen Continental Colonies. The Commissioners of Customs in London had sought to instruct him in his duties before he went out and even prepared samples of the required forms for his education. His activity at Boston fitted a lifelong pattern of innovative assembly and analysis of financial and commercial information. When the decision was made to reinstate the government in South Carolina after the capture of Charleston by Henry Clinton, Irving was ordered to return. Irving's experience and his command of information equipped him to express knowledgeable opinions on many policy matters.

Topic: American Constitutional Law and Politics
Subfield: Political Science and International Relations
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Conceptualizing the role of self-esteem in the burnout process

This study aims to examine and analyze the influence of Workload, Demographic Factors, Locus of Control, Self Esteem and Workstress on Burnout in the Senior Masinists.The research method used in this research is descriptive method.Questionnaires were distributed to 43 respondent employees of The Indonesia Railway Industry.The approach used in this research is a Variancebased Model or Structural Equation Model with a Smart-PLS analysis tool.The results show that the four variables namely Workload, Demography, Locus of Control and Work Stress had positive and significant effects on Burnout on Machinists while the Self-Esteem Variable did not have a significant effect on Burnout.

Topic: Occupational Health and Safety Management
Subfield: Occupational Therapy
Field: Health Professions
Domain: Health Sciences
Typhidot (IgM) as a reliable and rapid diagnostic test for typhoid fever

Introduction: Typhoid fever still continues to be a major public health problem, particularly in developing countries. A simple, reliable, affordable, and rapid diagnostic test has been a long-felt need of the clinicians. We, therefore, prospectively evaluated the sensitivity and specificity of Typhidot (IgM), a serological test to identify IgM antibodies against Salmonella typhi. Materials and Methods: The study was carried out in the Department of Microbiology, Apollo Hospital, Bangalore between January 2009 and March 2009 on a total of 186 samples from clinically suspected febrile patients. Blood culture as well as Typhidot test was performed for each of the cases. Results: Out of 61 clinically diagnosed typhoid fever, 50 were blood culture positive for S. typhi all 50 were Typhidot (IgM) positive and 11 were missed out on both. The sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values of the test using blood culture as gold standard were 100%, 95.5%, 89.2%, and 100%, respectively for typhoid fever. Conclusion: Typhidot (IgM) test is rapid, easy to perform, and reliable for diagnosing typhoid fever, and useful for small, less equipped laboratories as well as for the laboratories with better facilities in typhoid endemic countries.

Topic: Salmonella and Campylobacter epidemiology
Subfield: Food Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Variability in Estimating Total Cloud Cover from Satellite Pictures

Ten qualified weather observers were used to make estimates of the total cloud cover from satellite pictures. Tests were conducted to determine the standard deviation of estimates, the significance of the difference in estimates, and the error of estimates. Results indicate that the variability of the estimates was significant and suggestions are made that experience and training are necessary to cope with problems in this general area.

Topic: Remote Sensing in Agriculture
Subfield: Ecology
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Non-Nuclear NEP System Testing

The Safe Affordable Fission Engine (SAFE) test series addresses Phase 1 Space Fission Systems issues in particular non‐nuclear testing and system integration issues leading to the testing and non‐nuclear demonstration of a 400‐kW fully integrated flight unit. The first part of the SAFE 30 test series demonstrated operation of the simulated nuclear core and heat pipe system. Experimental data acquired in a number of different test scenarios will validate existing computational models, demonstrated system flexibility (fast start‐ups, multiple start‐ups/shut downs), simulate predictable failure modes and operating environments. The objective of the second part is to demonstrate an integrated propulsion system consisting of a core, conversion system and a thruster where the system converts thermal heat into jet power. This end‐to‐end system demonstration sets a precedent for ground testing of nuclear electric propulsion systems. The paper describes the SAFE 30 end‐to‐end system demonstration and its subsystems.

Topic: Nuclear reactor physics and engineering
Subfield: Aerospace Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Interferon-alpha affects the tumour necrosis factor-alpha content of mast cells in human nasal mucosa. A pilot study in allergic patients.

Human nasal mucosal mast cells contain and secrete tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, which in turn can stimulate histamine secretion by these cells. Interferon (IFN)-alpha can inhibit TNF-alpha secretion by mast cells in vitro. We have addressed the interrelationships between IFN-alpha and the content in TNF-alpha and number of mast cells in vivo, in the human nasal mucosa. Biopsies were taken from two healthy control patients, two allergic patients and two more allergic patients treated topically with IFN-alpha for two weeks; biopsies from the last two patients were taken both before and after stimulation with the specific allergen. Mast cells were counted upon tagging with rhodaminated avidin and by indirect immunofluorescence for TNF-alpha. Data were subjected to analysis of variance. Mast cell numbers were significantly lower in all allergic patients than in controls (P<0.001). Upon IFN-alpha treatment, TNF-alpha positive mast cells were less than in allergic, untreated patients and the opposite was true for TNF-alpha negative mast cells (p<0.05). Allergen challenge caused selective, significant decrease only in the number of TNF-alpha negative mast cells (p<0.05). The results suggest that upon topical IFN-alpha treatment: (1) mast cells stores of TNF-alpha in the nasal mucosa of allergic patients are decreased; and (2) only TNF-alpha negative cells degranulate in response to allergen challenge. Therefore, one may expect that such a treatment reduces the TNF-alpha burden to the mucosa in these patients.

Topic: Mast cells and histamine
Subfield: Immunology
Field: Immunology and Microbiology
Domain: Life Sciences
RETRACTED: MicroRNA-223-3p Regulates Ovarian Cancer Cell Proliferation and Invasion by Targeting SOX11 Expression

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) often display different expression in many cancers and other diseases in current research studies. miR-223 expression is upregulated in rheumatoid arthritis. Also, miR-223 expression has been demonstrated to be highly expressed in pancreatic cancer and gastric cancer in comparison with normal tissue. However, whether miR-223 displays different expression in ovarian cancer and what its underlying functions are in ovarian cancer have remained unclear. In this study, we demonstrated that miR-223-3p was upregulated in ovarian cancer tissue. Next, we explored the functional role of miR-223-3p in ovarian cancer using SKOV3 and OVCAR3 cell lines. Our results suggested that miR-223-3p mimic promoted ovarian cancer cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in vitro. However, miR-223-3p inhibitor displayed the opposite effects. In addition, we demonstrated that miR-223-3p mimic promoted tumor growth in vivo. Furthermore, we found SOX11 (sex determining region Y-box 11) was inversely expressed with miR-223-3p in ovarian cancer (OC) cell lines and tissue specimens. miR-223-3p mimic decreased SOX11 expression. Overexpressing SOX11 inhibited ovarian cancer cell proliferation and invasion, which indicated that miR-223-3p regulated OC cell proliferation and invasion through targeting SOX11 expression. In conclusion, the findings of the present study demonstrated that miR-223-3p could be a potential therapeutic for ovarian cancer.

Topic: MicroRNA in disease regulation
Subfield: Cancer Research
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
242 Monitoring MDSC – a hurdle to immune checkpoints inhibitors

<h3>Background</h3> Certain cell subsets have been identified to have a negative impact on cancer immunotherapies by promoting angiogenesis and immunosuppression in the tumor microenvironment. One of these cell subsets is a heterogeneous population of immature myeloid cells that have been named Myeloid Derived Suppressor Cells (MDSC). MDSC are increased in states of cancer and their numbers have been shown to inversely correlate with a positive clinical outcome. These findings have prompted the measurement of MDSC in order to predict clinical outcome during treatment with immunotherapies. In this study, flow cytometry was used to measure M-MDSC in frozen PBMC samples and hence predict medical outcome in melanoma patients treated with an anti-CTLA-4 drug (ipilimumab). <h3>Methods</h3> M-MDSC were measured in frozen PBMC from 20 healthy donors and 68 patients with melanoma treated with ipilimumab. M-MDSC were enumerated using a Lin-CD14+CD11b+HLA-DRlow/- phenotype. In order to prevent subjectivity during gating, caused by the lack of bi-modality with HLA-DR staining, a computational algorithm was used. As distinct HLA-DR spread can be observed in the different subjects, measuring the CV (a ratio between GMFI and SD) of this spread allows to calculate a standardized ad hoc quantitative measure of MDSC frequency in cancer patients. This measurement enables identification of M-MDSC in an objective manner and was used to determine whether the percentage of M-MDSC in patients could be linked with overall survival. <h3>Results</h3> The relative frequency of M-MDSC was determined in 68 melanoma patients treated with two different doses of ipilimumab. By comparing the percentage of M-MDSC at baseline (pre-treatment) and after two doses of ipilimumab with the overall survival data and applying log-rank statistics, a cut-off was defined allowing the separation of 'high' and 'low' M-MDSC expressers. Patients with 'low' M-MDSC were associated with improved overall survival with a hazard ratio of 0.35. <h3>Conclusions</h3> The reliable measurement of immune suppressive cells such as MDSC gives the ability to predict the clinical outcome of cancer treatments. In turn, these measurements will permit the design of patient-specific treatments as inhibitors to these cell subsets become available, making personalized medicine a reality in contemporaneous cancer treatment. The identification of specific phenotypes and activation markers for MDSC may improve the prediction ability of the test described in this study. These results highlight the importance of linking the frequency of immune suppressive cells with clinical outcome.

Topic: Cancer Immunotherapy and Biomarkers
Subfield: Oncology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Beyond the Home: Space and Agency in the Experiences of Female Service in Early Modern England

ABSTRACT This article reconfigures our understanding of female service in early modern England by examining the roles and spaces female servants occupied not only within their employers homes but outside and within the wider community. Using both quantitative and qualitative approaches to categorise and analyse the spaces in which female servants were recorded in church court depositions from the dioceses of Exeter, Gloucester and Winchester between 1550 and 1650, it argues that female servants were not confined to the domestic sphere either in their work or their social interactions. And further, it shows that female servants' links to the wider community gave them power and agency – limited perhaps, but significant nonetheless ‐ in their dealings with their employers.

Topic: Historical Economic and Social Studies
Subfield: Economics and Econometrics
Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance
Domain: Social Sciences
Charles Rollin's Traité and the Rhetorical Theories of Smith, Campbell, and Blair

Research Article| February 01 1985 Charles Rollin's Traité and the Rhetorical Theories of Smith, Campbell, and Blair Barbara Warnick Barbara Warnick Department of Speech Communication, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Rhetorica (1985) 3 (1): 45–65. https://doi.org/10.1525/rh.1985.3.1.45 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Tools Icon Tools Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Barbara Warnick; Charles Rollin's Traité and the Rhetorical Theories of Smith, Campbell, and Blair. Rhetorica 1 February 1985; 3 (1): 45–65. doi: https://doi.org/10.1525/rh.1985.3.1.45 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentRhetorica Search This content is only available via PDF. Copyright 1985, The International Society for the History of Rhetoric1985 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.

Topic: Rhetoric and Communication Studies
Subfield: Philosophy
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Responsible AI Management

Abstract Is there a trade-off between responsible AI and competitive AI? This article reports the results of a survey of business managers that asked what responsible AI management consists of in their organizations, who works on it, and whether it creates business value. The researchers found that (a) business responsible AI management programs consist of 14 main practices that range from tracking legal and policy developments, to adopting AI ethics principles, to appointing a responsible AI committee, (b) companies are more likely to assign the responsible AI management function to people with expertise in privacy, although they rely significantly on those with risk and data analytics expertise (suggesting that effective AI governance may require a combination of skills that go beyond any single position), and (c) responsible AI management may create significant business value by improving product quality, building trust and reputation, preparing the organization for future regulation, and enhancing employee relations. This suggests that there may be a relationship between responsible AI management and business value. If confirmed in future work such as experimental and quasi-experimental research designs, this finding could provide empirical support for the claim that responsible AI management generates significant business value and so is important to corporate strategy in the AI-enabled economy.

Topic: Ethics and Social Impacts of AI
Subfield: Safety Research
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
North American Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition Position Paper on the Evaluation and Management for Patients With Very Early‐onset Inflammatory Bowel Disease

ABSTRACT The rate of pediatric inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has been increasing over the last decade and this increase has occurred most rapidly in the youngest children diagnosed &lt;6 years, known as very early‐onset inflammatory bowel disease (VEO‐IBD). These children can present with more extensive and severe disease than older children and adults. The contribution of host genetics in this population is underscored by the young age of onset and the distinct, aggressive phenotype. In fact, monogenic defects, often involving primary immunodeficiency genes, have been identified in children with VEO‐IBD and have led to targeted and life‐saving therapy. This position paper will discuss the phenotype of VEO‐IBD and outline the approach and evaluation for these children and what factors should trigger concern for an underlying immunodeficiency. We will then review the immunological assays and genetic studies that can facilitate the identification of the underlying diagnosis in patients with VEO‐IBD and how this evaluation may lead to directed therapies. The position paper will also aid the pediatric gastroenterologist in recognizing when a patient should be referred to a center specializing in the care of these patients. These guidelines are intended for pediatricians, allied health professionals caring for children, pediatric gastroenterologists, pediatric pathologists, and immunologists.

Topic: Immunodeficiency and Autoimmune Disorders
Subfield: Immunology
Field: Immunology and Microbiology
Domain: Life Sciences
Ammonia loss from rat proximal tubule in vivo: effects of luminal pH and flow rate

The roles of luminal pH and flow rate in determining ammonia loss from proximal tubules perfused with solutions containing 10 mM NH4Cl were examined using in vivo microperfusion. Perfusate bicarbonate concentration was varied between 5, 25, and 40 mM in tubules perfused at 50 nl/min. As expected, ammonia loss from the 25 or 40 mM bicarbonate-containing perfusates was greater than from that containing 5 mM bicarbonate. Furthermore, there was a correlation between ammonia loss and the log mean luminal bicarbonate concentration (r = 0.39, P less than 0.01). From the collected fluid ammonia and bicarbonate concentrations, the transtubular gradients for NH+4 and NH3 were estimated, allowing a calculation of the apparent permeability coefficients for NH3 (PNH3) and NH+4 (PNH+4). The calculated PNH3 of 2.2 +/- 0.5 X 10(-2) cm/s was similar to previous estimates in the rabbit; the calculated PNH+4 of 5.5 +/- 0.8 X 10(-4) cm/s was approximately 10 times that previously found in the rabbit proximal straight tubule in vitro. Next, flow rate was varied between 25 and 50 nl/min using the 5 mM bicarbonate perfusate. Ammonia loss was significantly higher from the latter. Thus these studies suggest that NH+4 loss from the proximal tubule may be an important determinant of ammonia movement along this segment. Ammonia loss is flow-rate dependent, similar to ammonia entry in previous studies.

Topic: Advanced MRI Techniques and Applications
Subfield: Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Cross-Sectional Area and Current Density of Transient Glow Discharge after Static Breakdown

Cross-sectional area and current density of a transient glow discharge have been investigated in nitrogen after static breakdown. To measure the cross-sectional area of the transient glow discharge, the image converter camera is used with the framing mode. The measurements have been made for 5.0mm gap length at gas pressures of 80-160Torr. The results show that the cross-sectional area decreases with increasing gas pressure. At constant gas pressure, the cross-sectional area decreases with increasing the circuit resistance and increases in proportion to the discharge current. The current density of the transient glow discharge is proportional to the approximate square of pressure and independent of the resistance. These characteristics are similar to those of normal glow of DC glow discharge at low pressure.

Topic: Plasma Applications and Diagnostics
Subfield: Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
The Social Interaction and Activity Patterns of Children from Two San Groups Living as Refugees on a Namibian Military Base

Observations were made of the social interaction and activity patterns of children under 6 years old from two San groups, Sekele and Kwengo. Despite the fact that these children lived with their families in identical settlements on the same military base, marked intergroup differences were found, especially in patterns of social interaction. Differences were particularly marked when comparing girls. The findings are interpreted in the light of cultural history and current demography.

Topic: Social and Educational Sciences
Subfield: Education
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
eHistology Kaufman Atlas Plate 37k image b

The eMouseAtlas team have re-digitised the original histological sections used for the "Atlas of Mouse Development" by Matt Kaufman. The resource is published available on the Web at http://www.emouseatlas.org/emap/eHistology/ and the publication at https://doi.org/10.1242/dev.124917. This is the dataset for Plate 37k image b.

Topic: Anesthesia and Pain Management
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
'Climatic Room' Aids Patients With Heart Disease

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal

Topic: Workplace Health and Well-being
Subfield: General Health Professions
Field: Health Professions
Domain: Health Sciences