jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Cicer arietinum L. ICC 18053

Plant Genetic Resource.<br>Taxonomy: Cicer arietinum L.<br>Common name(s): Chickpea<br>Other names: RPIP 12-113-00906, PI 360675, EC 544240, EC 544240, ICC 18053<br>Conserved by: International Crop Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), India<br>Local sample unique identifier: ICC 18053<br>Method of creation: Acquisition<br>Date: 2004-10-01<br>Other identifiers: n/a,EC 544240, n/a,RPIP 12-113-00906, n/a,PI 360675<br>Historical: No<br>Biological status: Traditional cultivar/landrace<br>MLS status: Included

Topic: Microbial Natural Products and Biosynthesis
Subfield: Pharmacology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Effect of changing morphology of BiFeO3 from nanoparticles to nanosheets on electrochemical properties

Bismuth Ferrite nanoparticles and rectangular nanosheets are successfully synthesized at pH=2 and pH=8 respectively by sol-gel method using citric acid as a chelating agent. The Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM) images shows the formation of nanoparticles of average size 106 nm at pH =2 and rectangular nanosheets of average thickness 25 nm at pH=8. The stoichiometric content of both samples has been realized using the energy dispersive X-ray technique. The Nyquist plot describes the effect of grain morphology on electrical conduction. Non-debye type relaxation behavior appears in both the samples. Nanosheets show high dielectric constant and small dielectric loss than nanoparticles. Appearance of dielectric loss relaxation peak in both the samples confirms charge carrier hopping i.e. Fe3+↔Fe2+. Loss peak shifts towards the higher frequency region in case of nanosheets than nanoparticles and that reveals the small relaxation time of nanosheets. The frequency-dependent AC conductivity analysis shows larger conductivity in nanosheets than nanoparticles due to possible faster ions jumping motion in nanosheets.

Topic: Multiferroics and related materials
Subfield: Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
A multipass hydrogen Raman shifter for the generation of broadband multifrequencies

A four-pass cell was employed for the multifrequency parametric Raman generation in gaseous hydrogen. More than 18 rotational-vibrational Raman lines from 450 to 830 nm were generated using an 80-mJ, 3-ns pump pulse at a wavelength of 532 nm. The output spectrum broadening was observed by increasing the number of passes of the pump pulse through the Raman cell.

Topic: Spectroscopy Techniques in Biomedical and Chemical Research
Subfield: Biophysics
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
David Lewis on indicative and counterfactual conditionals

Journal Article David Lewis on indicative and counterfactual conditionals Get access Robert J. Fogelin Robert J. Fogelin Dartmouth CollegeHanover, NH 03755-3592, USARobert.J.Fogelin@Dartmouth.edu Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Analysis, Volume 58, Issue 4, October 1998, Pages 286–289, https://doi.org/10.1093/analys/58.4.286 Published: 01 October 1998

Topic: Philosophy and Theoretical Science
Subfield: Experimental and Cognitive Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Real Time Feature Extraction Deep-CNN for Mask Detection

COVID-19 pandemic outbreak became one of the serious threats to humans. As there is no cure yet for this virus, we have to control the spread of Coronavirus through precautions. One of the effective precautions as announced by the World Health Organization is mask wearing. Surveillance systems in crowded places can lead to detection of people wearing masks. Therefore, it is highly urgent for computerized mask detection methods that can operate in real-time. As for now, most countries demand mask-wearing in public places to avoid the spreading of this virus. In this paper, we are presenting an object detection technique using a single camera, which presents real-time mask detection in closed places. Our contributions are as follows: 1) presenting a real time feature extraction module to improve the detection computational time; 2) enhancing the extracted features learned from the deep convolutional neural network models to improve small objects detection. The proposed model is a lightweight backbone CNN which ensures real time mask detection. The accuracy is also enhanced by utilizing the feature enhancement module after some of the convolution layers in the CNN. We performed extensive experiments comparing our model to the single-shot detector (SDD) and YoloV3 neural network models, which are the state-of-the-art models in the literature. The comparison shows that the result of our proposed model achieves 95.9% accuracy which is 21% higher than SSD and 17.7% higher than YoloV3 accuracy. We also conducted experiments testing the mask detection speed. It was found that our model achieves average detection time of 0.85s for images of size 1024 × 1024 pixels, which is better than the speed achieved by SSD but slightly less than the speed of YoloV3.

Topic: Advanced Neural Network Applications
Subfield: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
An HLL Riemann solver for the hybridised discontinuous Galerkin formulation of compressible flows

This work proposes a high-order hybridised discontinuous Galerkin (HDG) formulation of the Harten-Lax-Van Leer (HLL) Riemann solver for compressible flows. A unified framework is introduced to present Lax-Friedrichs, Roe and HLL Riemann solvers via appropriate definitions of the HDG numerical fluxes. The resulting high-order HDG method with HLL Riemann solver is evaluated through a set of numerical simulations of inviscid compressible flows in different regimes, from subsonic isentropic flows to transonic and supersonic problems with shocks. The accuracy of the proposed method is comparable with the one of Lax-Friedrichs and Roe numerical fluxes in subsonic and transonic flows. The superior performance of HLL is highlighted in supersonic cases, where the method provides extra robustness, being able to produce positivity preserving approximations without the need of any user-defined entropy fix.

Topic: Computational Fluid Dynamics and Aerodynamics
Subfield: Computational Mechanics
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Hyper Infection with Strongyloides stercoralis in a Case of Gastric Outlet Obstruction Leading to Upper GI Haemorrhage: A Case Report

Aims: Strongyloidiasis is an asymptomatic disease caused by the intestinal helminth Strongyloides stercoralis in immunocompetent individuals and are present for decades. The rarity of our case presents in the facts that an elderly gentleman being immunocompetent before, being evaluated for a surgical condition, circumstances lead to sudden deterioration and within one day of the biopsy report succumbs to the condition. While undergoing retrospective evaluation it was diagnosed as hyper infection and disseminated strongyloidiasis. Presentation of the Case: 77 year old elderly male , a case of chronic idiopathic demyelinating neuropathy(recovered) , previously was on oral steroids for a period of 1-2 months; was admitted with persistent vomiting at other hospital, and on evaluation diagnosed with hiatus hernia with severe gastritis and referred to us, patient underwent Naso jejunal tube placement in view of gastric outlet obstruction and for feeding, post which, patient had initially loose stools and thereafter malena, upper Gi scopy with cessation of bleed done, to recur as hematemesis and within one day of diagnosis of duodenal biopsy suggestive of Strongyloides stercoralis, patient succumbed to the disease. Discussion: The case emphasizes on the importance of evaluation of various gastrointestinal infections especially caused by pathogens in our country with tropical climate and need to correlate the immunocompetency of patient especially on steroids with underlying infections. Conclusion: strongyloidiasis infection should be ruled out in all the immunodeficient patients especially on steroids for brief periods and presenting with gastrointestinal symptoms of vomiting and diarrhoea.

Topic: Eosinophilic Esophagitis
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
CoCl<sub>2</sub>‐induced glioma hypoxia environment enhances CD47‐SIRPα to promote tumor immune evasion

Abstract Elevated levels of tumor‐associated macrophages and microglia in the immune microenvironment of malignant gliomas promote tumor growth and progression. Although immune evasion has been implicated in these processes, the mechanisms underlying the regulation of CD47‐SIRPα‐mediated immune evasion under hypoxic conditions remain unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the mechanisms through which CD47‐SIRPα modulates immune evasion in a cobalt chloride (CoCl 2 )‐induced hypoxic microenvironment of malignant gliomas. Human and mouse glioma cell lines were used to investigate immune evasion in vitro. After membrane protein extraction and nucleoplasmic isolation, we downregulated the expression levels of transport receptors to elucidate the regulation of CD47‐SIRPα transport. The CoCl 2 ‐induced hypoxic microenvironment attenuated microglial phagocytosis in glioma cells. Enhanced CD47‐SIRPα interaction promoted immune evasion, which negatively affected tumor clearance. In addition, the intracellular transport of CD47 was promoted in the CoCl 2 ‐induced hypoxic state. This process was regulated by regulator of chromosome condensation 1 (RCC1) and sortilin in the nuclear cytoplasm and cytoplasmic membrane, respectively. These results demonstrate the CD47‐SIRPα‐mediated immune escape mechanism of the CoCl 2 ‐induced glioma hypoxic environment, which is associated with enhanced intracellular transport of CD47. Our findings provide a theoretical basis for the potential development of novel therapies targeting CD47‐SIRPα.

Topic: Phagocytosis and Immune Regulation
Subfield: Immunology
Field: Immunology and Microbiology
Domain: Life Sciences
Lipase-Catalyzed Aza-Michael Reaction on Acrylate Derivatives

A methodology has been developed for an efficient and selective lipase-catalyzed aza-Michael reaction of various amines (primary and secondary) with a series of acrylates and alkylacrylates. Reaction parameters were tuned, and under the optimal conditions it was found that Pseudomonas stutzeri lipase and Chromobacterium viscosum lipase showed the highest selectivity for the aza-Michael addition to substituted alkyl acrylates. For the first time also, some CLEAs were examined that showed a comparable or higher selectivity and yield than the free enzymes and other formulations.

Topic: Enzyme Catalysis and Immobilization
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Evaluation of iron profile in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients of tertiary care center of central India

Evaluation of iron profile in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients of tertiary care center of central India - IJCBR- Print ISSN No: - 2394-6369 Online ISSN No:- 2394-6377 Article DOI No:- 10.18231/2394-6377.2019.0005, International Journal of Clinical Biochemistry and Research-Int J Clin Biochem Res

Topic: Nutrition and Health in Aging
Subfield: Physiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Quantitative assays for evaluation of HTLV-III inactivation procedures: tri(N-butyl)phosphate:sodium cholate and beta-propiolactone.

Human T-lymphotropic retrovirus type III (HTLV-III) can be quantitatively assayed for infectivity by inoculation of serial dilutions into cultures of the H-9 cell line and testing for reverse transcriptase in the culture supernatants. Sequential harvests revealed that 14 days of incubation of cultures fed twice weekly was sufficient to reveal maximal titers. Stocks prepared from unconcentrated H9:HTLV-IIIb supernatants have contained from 10(4.5) to 10(6.0) (TCID50)/ml. Stocks prepared by 100-fold concentration of such fluids by pelleting or by polyethylene glycol precipitation followed by pelleting onto sucrose cushions contained 10(6.0)-10(6.5) TCID50/ml. Preliminary studies are under way to utilize this system for evaluation of sterilization processes which can be applied to blood derivatives. Exposure of HTLV-III suspended in Factor VIII preparations to 0.3% tri(n-butyl)phosphate-0.2% sodium cholate resulted in inactivation of greater than or equal to 10(4.5) TCID50 in 2.5 h at 27 degrees C. Exposure of HTLV-III suspended in 4 g of gamma-globulin per 100 ml to 0.14% beta-propiolactone for 4 h at room temperature at pH 8.0 inactivated greater than or equal to 10(4.5) TCID50. However, exposure to gamma-globulin alone inactivated about 99% of HTLV-III infectivity.

Topic: T-cell and Retrovirus Studies
Subfield: Immunology
Field: Immunology and Microbiology
Domain: Life Sciences
518: INATTENTION TEST AS A PREDICTIVE MARKER FOR VASOSPASM IN ANEURYSMAL SUBARACHNOID HEMORRHAGE PATIENTS

Introduction: Cerebral vasospasm is a common complication of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH). Although vasospasm can be detected sonographically and radiographically, there are no established clinical methods for detecting vasospasm on neurologic exam. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the accuracy of an inattention test, counting from 20 to 1, for detecting vasospasm. Methods: This retrospective, single-center, cohort study included patients admitted to the ICU for SAH from September 2018 to August 2019. Charts were reviewed to collect data on patient demographics, hospital course, imaging studies, neurologic exam, and functional ability at discharge. Those with non-aneurysmal SAH, inability to count, missing 20 to 1 data, or missing imaging studies to assess for vasospasm were excluded. Accuracy tests were performed and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using SPSS. Alternative diagnoses that account for inattention were also quantified. Results: Among our cohort of 45 patients with aSAH who were able to participate in 20 to 1 testing, 25 had inattention. Inattention was attributed to vasospasm in 20 (80%) patients, hydrocephalus in 2 (8%) patients, sedation in 1 (4%) patient, and had no discernible cause in 2 patients. Infection, fever, and seizure were not the sole correlates of inattention in any of these patients. Among a more limited cohort of patients who underwent radiographic testing for vasospasm (n=36), we found that the inattention test had a sensitivity of 77% (CI 62-93%) and a specificity of 77% (CI 51-100%). The positive predictive value of the inattention test was 91% (CI 80-100%). For patients with inattention and vessel imaging, 18 (85.7%, p-value = 0.1) had anterior cerebral artery (ACA) compared to exclusively middle cerebral artery vasospasm. Conclusions: Patients with aSAH who developed inattention during their hospital course were found to have vasospasm in the majority of cases. The attention test had a high positive predictive value for the presence of radiographic vasospasm, particularly in the ACA territory which supplies the attention centers of the brain. Although larger studies are needed to further define the accuracy of attention testing as a screening tool for vasospasm, this tool has no risk and requires no training for bedside implementation.

Topic: Traumatic Brain Injury and Neurovascular Disturbances
Subfield: Neurology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
DILEMA WAKAF TIMUR KURAN PERSPEKTIF MAQASID AL-SHARI’AH

Waqf is an established institution in Islamic religion, and belongs to the category of community worship whose position is very important as capital and means in achieving the welfare of the people. However, in practice there have been many deviations from the origin of the purpose of waqf. Therefore, a new orientation on waqf is needed, so that waqf can contribute effectively to the welfare of the people. It must meet four factors including, legal certainty status, right and proper pledge of waqf, effective management of waqf. The importance of waqf development certainly has implications on how the management of waqf in providing utilization for the community. Waqf management is required to be professional, trustworthy, transparant, and accountable. This article explains the criticism of Timur Kuran’s dilemma about the waqf system which is a lot of deviation from the goal of essensial waqf. Therefore, a new orientation on waqf is required, so that waqf can contribute effectively to the welfare of the people. But in the other hand, Kuran does not offer concrete solutions or create a theory about the norms of Islamic economic activity to replace or revise the norms put forward by Islamic economists. To be a criticism of the dilemma, this article also sees from the side of maqa&gt;s}id al-shari&gt;’ah in waqf also oriented to the present interest for the achievement of development social-oriented productive property, and the result will also be felt together by mas}lah}ah ‘a&gt;mmah community. Kuran based his view of the unbelievable sources of the orientalists. As Kuran believes, Islamic economics is a fundamentalistist doctrine, rigid, rigid and only excavated from traditional Islamic sources.

Topic: Islamic Finance and Banking Studies
Subfield: Accounting
Field: Business, Management and Accounting
Domain: Social Sciences
Proteomic characterization of stress responses activated upon ischemia and reperfusion during human liver transplantation

During liver transplantation, donor organs experience some degree of cold ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI). The magnitude of this preservation injury is critical for transplantation outcome since it influences the allograft early function. However, the multifactorial and complex cellular response initiated upon IRI remains unclear. Herein, we used liver biopsies collected during the early phases of organ procurement and transplantation to characterize the global patterns of protein expression and phosphorylation in order to identify new regulatory mechanisms involved in ischemia-induced graft damage.

Topic: Organ Transplantation Techniques and Outcomes
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Bovine Lactoferrin Induces Cell Cycle Arrest and Inhibits Mtor Signaling in Breast Cancer Cells

AbstractLactoferrin (LF) is predominantly found in mammalian secretions with recognized anticancer potential, although the mechanisms involved in such activity are still unclear. Here, the stability, internalization, and cytotoxicity of bovine LF (bLF) and its variants were tested against a panel of breast cancer cells. bLF was found to be very stable under incubation with cells and also able to internalize them, although most of the protein remained in the culture medium. Furthermore, bLF (up to 30 μM) inhibited the growth of breast cancer cells (T-47D, MDA-MB-231, Hs578T, and MCF-7) in a higher extent than in the normal counterpart cell line (MCF-10-2A), thus suggesting its selectivity. Regarding its variants, only the iron-saturated protein showed a higher activity compared with the commercial bLF. bLF growth inhibitory activity was associated with the induction of cell cycle arrest, but not with apoptosis. Moreover, exposure to bLF increased the cells phospho-AMPKα levels and decreased both phospho threonine mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and total mTOR levels, indicating a novel mechanism of action through its ability to induce nutrient/energy-related stress. This study disclosed important findings to better understand the mechanisms underlying the bLF effects on breast cancer cell lines, which could be valuable for novel advances in the cancer research field. SUPPLEMENTAL MATERIALSupplementary data for this article can be found on the publisher's website.Additional informationFundingWe acknowledge the financial support from Erasmus Mundus External Cooperation window (Bridging the Gap), the Strategic Projects PEst-OE/EQB/LA0023/2013 and PEst-OE/AGR/UI4033/2014, as well as the Project RECI/BBB-EBI/0179/2012 (FCOMP-01-0124-FEDER-027462), all funded by Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia.

Topic: Infant Nutrition and Health
Subfield: Nutrition and Dietetics
Field: Nursing
Domain: Health Sciences
Las Incantadas of Salonica: searching for ‘enchantment’ in a city’s exiled heritage

In 1864, the French palaeographer Emmanuel Miller removed some fine marble sculptures from Salonika, part of a colonnade erected in the second century AD, and took them to the Louvre in Paris, where they are currently displayed. This, however, is not just another story about antiquities taken from Greece, which ended up in a foreign museum during Ottoman times, but one interwoven with the different ethnic and religious groups then living in the city: the Muslim Turkish population, who called the statues 'Angel Figures'; the Greek Orthodox citizens, who referred to them as the 'Idols'; and the Ladino‐speaking Jews, who thought of them as petrified figures and called them the 'Enchanted Ones' (Incantadas). Today, the sculptures have re‐emerged in public discourses reshaping the city's cultural memory and identity. For some Salonicans, the Incantadas represent the 'Elgin Marbles of Macedonia' or the 'Caryatides of Northern Greece', which must be returned. Yet, for others, they express the very special past of multicultural Ottoman Salonica: a Roman monument related to Greek Dionysus, once incorporated into a Jewish house, in the middle of a typically Balkan urban centre; and for the few remaining Jews of the city, the sculptures symbolise Salonica as the 'Jerusalem of the Mediterranean', as the city was often referred to until at least 1912, i.e. before the destruction of its Jewish quarters by a great fire and the later implementation of the Nazis' 'Final Solution'. This chapter explores the competing imaginings of the statues by different groups living in the city and how, in the context of the current Greek economic and social crisis, Salonica seems to look for re‐enchantment in its polysemous heritage.

Topic: Historical and Architectural Studies
Subfield: Archeology
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Turkish Society of Pediatric Emergency and Intensive Care Medicine Neurocritical Care Study Group Stroke in Critically Ill Children

Stroke is a disease whose differential diagnosis is not easy because its symptoms and signs can be seen in many neurologic diseases. When neurological examination, clinical findings and radiological imaging are evaluated together, neurological complications can be minimized with early diagnosis and treatment. Our aim is to increase stroke awareness by emphasizing the importance of time in pediatric acute stroke management and to remind the role of stroke team formation and multidisciplinary approach in early diagnosis and treatment.

Topic: Traumatic Brain Injury and Neurovascular Disturbances
Subfield: Neurology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences