jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Effects of different levels of trace minerals premix in finisher diets on performance, immune system and meat lipid oxidation of chicken fed barley- or wheat-based diet

The present study was carried out to examine the effects of a trace mineral premix (MP) reduction or withdrawal from finisher diet (29–42 d) on performance, meat lipid oxidation, and immune system of chicks fed wheat- or barley-based diet. The diets were formulated based on wheat and barley for seven treatments and five replicates of each treatment. At 29 and 36 d, 4 birds from each replicate were injected with sheep red blood cells. The cell-mediated immunity was determined via phytohemagglutinin and dinitrochlorobenzene at 34 and 42 d of age. At 35 and 42 d of age, the oxidative stability was evaluated by thiobarbituric acid reactive substances on the thigh samples that were stored for 180 days at −20˚C. The reduction or withdrawal of MP from diets did not affect the performance or the immune system. Results of TBARS showed that lipid peroxidation of the treatment without MP was significantly higher than of the other treatments when slaughtered at 42 days of age. Finally, the results of this study demonstrated that it is not possible to remove the MP in finisher broilers’ diets without negative effects on meat quality during the time of freezing.

Topic: Animal Nutrition and Physiology
Subfield: Animal Science and Zoology
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
pTrans: A Scalable Algorithm for Reservation Guarantees in Distributed Systems

Providing performance QoS (Quality-of-Service) guarantees in a distributed data center environment poses unique challenges. In a typical setting, a client must be guaranteed a minimum amount of service (its contractual reservation) aggregated over all servers on which it has demand for service. A server may receive service demands from multiple clients, which may in aggregate exceed its service capacity. The system must decide how much service to provide to each client on each server that it has demand, in order to satisfy all clients' reservations. In case there is no feasible allocation of the service, the amount of reservation that is fulfilled must be maximized. In practice, the number of clients is several orders of magnitude larger than the number of servers.

Topic: Cloud Computing and Resource Management
Subfield: Information Systems
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Evaluating Joint Morbidity after Chondral Harvest for Autologous Chondrocyte Implantation (ACI)

Objective To establish if harvesting cartilage to source chondrocytes for autologous chondrocyte implantation (ACI) results in donor site morbidity. Design Twenty-three patients underwent ACI for chondral defects of either the ankle or the hip. This involved cartilage harvest from the knee (stage I), chondrocyte expansion in the laboratory and implantation surgery (stage II) into the affected joint. Prior to chondral harvest, no patient had sought treatment for their knee. Lysholm knee scores were completed prior to chondral harvest and annually post-ACI. Histological analyses of the donor site were performed at 12.3 ± 1.5 months for 3 additional patients who had previously had ACI of the knee. Results The median preoperative Lysholm score was 100, with no significant differences observed at either 13.7±1.7 months or 4.8±1.8 years postharvest (median Lysholm scores 91.7 and 87.5, respectively). Patients whose cartilage was harvested from the central or medial trochlea had a significantly higher median Lysholm score at latest follow-up (97.9 and 93.4, respectively), compared with those taken from the intercondylar notch (median Lysholm score 66.7). The mean International Cartilage Repair Society (ICRS) II histological score for the biopsies taken from the donor site of 3 additional knee ACI patients was 117 ± 10 (maximum score 140). Conclusions This study suggests that the chondral harvest site in ACI is not associated with significant joint morbidity, at least up to 5 years postharvest. However, one should carefully consider the location for chondral harvest as this has been shown to affect knee function in the longer term.

Topic: Osteoarthritis Treatment and Mechanisms
Subfield: Rheumatology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Quasi-similar k-paranormal operators

It is proved in this paper that k-paranormal operators satisfy (Bishop's) property (β ) ; and also that if S and T are k -paranormal contractions such that the completely non-unitary part S c of S has finite multiplicity, then S is quasi-similar to T if and only if their unitary parts are unitarily equivalent and their completely non-unitary parts are quasi-similar.This generalizes a result of W.W. Hastings [4] on subnormal operators and P.Y.Wu [11] on hyponormal operators.

Topic: Holomorphic and Operator Theory
Subfield: Applied Mathematics
Field: Mathematics
Domain: Physical Sciences
<i>Aspergillus fumigatus</i>—a systematic review to inform the World Health Organization priority list of fungal pathogens

Abstract Recognizing the growing global burden of fungal infections, the World Health Organization established a process to develop a priority list of fungal pathogens (FPPL). In this systematic review, we aimed to evaluate the epidemiology and impact of invasive infections caused by Aspergillus fumigatus to inform the first FPPL. The pre-specified criteria of mortality, inpatient care, complications and sequelae, antifungal susceptibility, risk factors, preventability, annual incidence, global distribution, and emergence were used to search for relevant articles between 1 January 2016 and 10 June 2021. Overall, 49 studies were eligible for inclusion. Azole antifungal susceptibility varied according to geographical regions. Voriconazole susceptibility rates of 22.2% were reported from the Netherlands, whereas in Brazil, Korea, India, China, and the UK, voriconazole susceptibility rates were 76%, 94.7%, 96.9%, 98.6%, and 99.7%, respectively. Cross-resistance was common with 85%, 92.8%, and 100% of voriconazole-resistant A. fumigatus isolates also resistant to itraconazole, posaconazole, and isavuconazole, respectively. The incidence of invasive aspergillosis (IA) in patients with acute leukemia was estimated at 5.84/100 patients. Six-week mortality rates in IA cases ranged from 31% to 36%. Azole resistance and hematological malignancy were poor prognostic factors. Twelve-week mortality rates were significantly higher in voriconazole-resistant than in voriconazole-susceptible IA cases (12/22 [54.5%] vs. 27/88 [30.7%]; P = .035), and hematology patients with IA had significantly higher mortality rates compared with solid-malignancy cases who had IA (65/217 [30%] vs. 14/78 [18%]; P = .04). Carefully designed surveillance studies linking laboratory and clinical data are required to better inform future FPPL.

Topic: Antifungal resistance and susceptibility
Subfield: Infectious Diseases
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Derivatives of Morpholine. I. Addition to Conjugate Systems. I.

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDerivatives of Morpholine. I. Addition to Conjugate Systems. I.Vincent E. Stewart and C. B. PollardCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1937, 59, 12, 2702Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1937Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1937https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01291a066https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01291a066research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views148Altmetric-Citations2LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts

Topic: Chemical synthesis and alkaloids
Subfield: Organic Chemistry
Field: Chemistry
Domain: Physical Sciences
Political Agreement on a Recast Asylum Reception Conditions Directive: Continuation of Tents, Containment and Discipline?

In its 2020 New Pact on Migration and Asylum, the European Commission did not include a proposal for a new legal instrument on the reception conditions for asylum seekers. Instead, the Commission indicated that it supported the political agreement reached on its 2016 proposal for a recast of the Asylum Reception Conditions Directive. Even though the Commission urged the European Parliament and Council to adopt this proposal as soon as possible, this has, to date, not happened. According to the Commission, this proposal, as amended by the political agreement reached between Parliament and Council, ‘will ensureasylum seekers are received under harmonised and decent conditions throughout the EU. It will help prevent unauthorised movements within the EU by clarifying the rights and obligations of asylum seekers’. This chapter will examine if and how the proposal meets this purpose. After describing the background and choice of instrument in section 1, section 2 discusses the scope of the proposed recast directive, also in light of the proposed Screening Regulation. Section 3 examines the changes proposed regarding material reception conditions. As asylum seekers everywhere in Europe, from Greece to the Netherlands, are often housed in improvised premises like tents and sport halls, this section addresses, in particular, the question whether the proposal would make an end to such practises. Section 4 discusses the proposal’s emphasis on restricting the freedom of movement of asylum seekers and shows how this enables the continuation of current containment policies. As regards access to the labour market, section 5 demonstrates that while the proposal ensures earlier access, it also includes new grounds for excluding asylum seekers from employment. Section 6 examines the proposed grounds for reducing and withdrawing reception conditions and shows how the proposal both increases and limits Member States’ disciplinary power in this regard. Finally, section 7 discusses the element of the proposal that most clearly ensures an increase inasylum seekers’ rights: the treatment of (unaccompanied) children.

Topic: European Law and Migration
Subfield: Law
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
DEATH AND POST-DEATH IN THE POETRY OF AHMED ARIF

The great Turkish poet Ahmed Arif is considered one of the important poets in Turkish literature in the 20th century. He was born in Diyar Bakr on 23rd of April 1923 and died on 2nd of June 1991 in Ankara. Through his life that lasted for 68 years, he published one book about poetry. It was considered the best book to be published in Turkey which makes him different from any other poet. Death as a fact and part of our nature is considered the end of life. The separation of the soul from the body is inevitable. It is impossible that a man can be born again after his death. Hence, there was a great discussion about the nature of our life and the existence of death throughout the whole history of human beings. Specifically, the scientists, philosophers, and thinkers, made scientific activities over humanity and death and what would happen after it. The poets are among the groups who express their opinion concerning this subject arousing different new point of views in their comments and thoughts. The nature of the poem is to think differently and explain it differently too resorting to symbolic language. Hence, the exposition of the beliefs difficult to be understood through poetry and literature create a genuine overflow of thoughts. Ahmed Arif is one of the well-known poets by his valuable thoughts in this subject. I decide to introduce a detailed explanation about life of the great Turkish poet Ahmed Arif as well as his literary orientation and poem. Among his poems, we introduce some information about death and life after death through which I browse all the poems by Ahmed Arif who is considered one of the important poets in Turkish literature in the 20th century. Key words: Ahmed Arif, Turkish Literature, Death, Death and Beyond.

Topic: Turkish Literature and Culture
Subfield: Literature and Literary Theory
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Effect of strengthening exercises in individuals with patellofemoral pain syndrome: a randomised controlled trial

Background/Aims Muscle imbalance in patella stabilisers leads to patellar lateral glide and can cause patellofemoral pain syndrome. This study investigated the effect of progressive strengthening exercises of the vastus medialis oblique on pain and patellar alignment in patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome and patellar lateral glide. Methods A double-blind, randomised controlled trial was conducted with 40 individuals with patellofemoral pain syndrome with patellar lateral glide aged 20–40 years. The study group received vastus medialis oblique-specific strengthening exercises and routine physiotherapy treatment, and the control group received routine physiotherapy treatment only (stretching exercises, gluteal and quadriceps isometric exercises and conventional transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation). Participants performed these exercises three times a week for 8 weeks. Pain intensity was measured before and after the intervention using a visual analogue scale and patellar alignment was measured using ultrasonographic parameters, including the trochlear angle, patella offset angle and distance between patellar tip and trochlear groove. Results In the between-groups comparison, there was a significant decrease in pain intensity in both the study and control groups, although the study group had a greater decrease (study group before intervention: 71.15 ± 1.54, study group after intervention: 22.21 ± 0.35, P=0.001); control group before intervention: 70.09 ± 1.22, control group after intervention: 31.82 ± 0.36 (P=0.001)) and patella offset angle (in the study group compared to the control group after 8 weeks of intervention. In within-groups comparison, a significant decrease of the patella offset angle in the study group was observed (before intervention: 16.2 ± 1.53; after intervention: 13.2 ± 1.87, P=0.001). No significant differences were found for the other parameters. Conclusions Specific strengthening of the vastus medialis oblique muscle in patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome and patellar lateral glide can lead to pain reduction and improvement of patellar alignment to correct lateralisation. This change may delay the process of patellofemoral joint degeneration. Including vastus medialis oblique-specific strengthening exercises in standard physiotherapy treatments may help to reduce pain levels in people with patellofemoral pain syndrome. Implications for practice Investigating the main cause of patellofemoral pain syndrome could have an essential role in the rehabilitation treatment of patients.

Topic: Lower Extremity Biomechanics and Pathologies
Subfield: Biomedical Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Molecular docking studies of YKT tripeptide and drug delivery system with poly(ε‐caprolactone) nanoparticles

Abstract Tyrosyllysylthreonine (YKT) is a peptide structure that contains three different amino acids in its structure and has anticancer properties. The main purpose of this study is to reveal the structural interactions of the peptide and to increase the efficiency of the peptide with nanoformulation. For these purposes, YKT‐loaded poly(ε‐caprolactone) (PCL) nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized using the double‐emission precipitation method and the obtained NPs were characterized with a Zeta Sizer, UV‐Vis, Fourier transform infrared–attenuated total reflection spectrometers, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. The in vitro release profile of the peptide‐loaded PCL NPs was determined. In molecular modeling studies, PCL, PCL–polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), and PCL–PVA–YKT systems were simulated in an aqueous medium by molecular dynamics simulations, separately. The information about the interactions between the YKT tripeptide and the epidermal growth factor and androgen, estrogen, and progesterone receptors were obtained with the molecular docking study. Additionally, the ADME profile of YKT was determined as a result of each docking study. In conclusion, tripeptide‐based nanodrug development studies of the YKT tripeptide are presented in this study.

Topic: Peptidase Inhibition and Analysis
Subfield: Oncology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Accelerating electron transport in Eosin Y by bidentately bridging on BaSnO3 for noble-metal-free photocatalytic H2 production

The separation and transport of photogenerated carriers is regarded as a curial factor in photocatalytic H2 production. As known in solar cells and photoelectron-chemistry, to strengthen the electron conduction for effective utilization of carriers, the electron transport material (ETM) is widely applied. Herein, inspired by the function of ETM, we adopted barium stannate (BaSnO3, labeled as BSO) as an excellent ETM which had the merits of high electron mobility, suitable conduction band position and simple preparation, to adjust the carrier kinetics of dye Eosin Y (EY)-sensitized photocatalytic system. Detailly, the photocatalytic system with the spatial separation sites of photogenerated carriers excitation and water reduction reaction was elaborately constructed, that was, dye EY-sensitized BSO (EY/BSO) for photocatalytic H2 production. The photocatalytic H2-production rate of EY/BSO (257 μmol·h−1·gEY−1) in the absence of noble metals was 28.6 times higher than that of single EY (∼9 μmol·h−1·gEY−1) under visible-light irradiation. With systematic and comprehensive characterizations, the formed electron transport channel by the bidentate bridging of EY on BSO could accelerate the transfer of photogenerated electrons from EY to BSO, promoting the effective separation of photogenerated carriers for the enhanced photocatalytic performance. Moreover, the water reduction reaction for H2 production proceeded on the surface of BSO that acted as the H2-evolution cocatalyst, avoiding the use of high-cost noble metals. Furthermore, based on the well-proved ETM-based concept in the EY/BSO system, La-doped BaSnO3 (LBSO) with better electron transport ability was adopted to construct EY/LBSO system (344 μmol·h−1·gEY−1) which showed better photocatalytic activity than EY/BSO.

Topic: Advanced Photocatalysis Techniques
Subfield: Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment
Field: Energy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Utilization of MEA medium for isolation and characterization of white oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) and growth assessment on baglog

White oyster mushrooms (Pleurotus ostreatus) are widely cultivated in Indonesia. Oyster mushroom cultivation is one of the export commodities that help to meet food needs. Pleurotus sp. requires an appropriate environment for developing these mushrooms, utilizing suitable planting media. Oyster mushroom media can be straw media or sawdust media. South Sumatra oyster mushroom cultivation uses sawdust media for 57.90% of white oyster mushroom cultivation, and straw media as an alternative for 100% white oyster mushroom cultivation. This research was conducted at the Phytopathology Laboratory, Department of Plant Pests and Diseases, Plant Protection Study Program, Faculty of Agriculture, Sriwijaya University, Indralaya, South Sumatra. Oyster mushroom observations were conducted in Payakabung Village, Ogan Ilir Regency, Indralaya. The research method used in this study was purposive sampling method which was carried out with 40 glass bottles containing corn groats, bran, and acacia sawdust as oyster mushroom seed media observed for 5 days which were placed in an incubator (20-25 °C) and storage box (26-30 °C), as well as baglog making using sawdust from various types of wood, namely rubber sawdust (Control Treatment) and acacia sawdust (Treatment 2). The development of oyster mushrooms in the first stage is characterized by the formation of fruiting bodies with a length range of 6.5 cm and reaching a diameter range of 15 cm at 40 days. The stalks and hoods of oyster mushrooms are yellowish white. Average growth of oyster mushroom hyphae on MEA media. Observations showed that oyster mushroom isolates on MEA 1 media (fresh oyster mushroom fruiting bodies) had long hyphal growth, and MEA 2 (farmers› seeds) had fast hyphal growth.

Topic: Fungal Biology and Applications
Subfield: Pharmacology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Language Policy and Planning in Nigeria: The Journey So Far

This study is an incisive overview of issues bordering on language policy and planning in multi-lingual Nigeria.British rule in Nigeria marked the beginning of doom for Nigerian languages.This was because English was entrenched constitutionally in sensitive and significant spheres of nation-building: education, administration, politics and international diplomacy.Language policy in Nigeria was partly aimed at assigning roles to the major languages (Hausa, Igbo and Yoruba) so as to curb the excess dominance of English over them.No significant attention was given to the numerous minority languages.In this study, Nigeria's ethnography is not only discussed, but its implications on forward-looking language policy for Nigeria is examined.The study concludes that language problems in Nigeria linger because apart from not being clearly articulated, language policies in post-colonial Nigeria are not implemented with truism and tenacity.

Topic: Multilingual Education and Policy
Subfield: Linguistics and Language
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Original Citation Delatte, N. (2002). &amp;quot;Agricultural Product Loads and Warehouse Failures. &amp;quot; J.Perform.Constr.Facil., 16(3), 116-123..Agricultural Product Loads and Warehouse Failures

Abstract: Two manufactured metal building warehouses loaded with agricultural products failed in service. Inspection revealed con siderable damage to the structure and the foundation. The building owner filed suit against the building supplier, the building erector, and the soils testing laboratory whose engineer had designed the foundation. The agricultural product imposed substantial outward lateral pressures on the walls of the structures. Review of the available design documents indicated that these loads had not been accounted for in design. A structural analysis revealed that elements of the structure were underdesigned for the agricultural product loads. In addition, the foundation did not have any slab reinforcement to resist the loads. To prevent similar failures, these loads must be accounted for in design. The steel structure design and foundation design were both deficient. A contributing factor was the lack of communication between the designer of the structure and the designer of the foundation, due to the lack of a single engineer of record to take responsibility for the buildings.

Topic: Construction Engineering and Safety
Subfield: Civil and Structural Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences