jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Influence of dietary glutamine supplementation on performance, biochemical indices and enzyme activities in broilers with cold-induced ascites

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary glutamine supplementation on performance and biochemical indices of broilers with cold-induced ascites. A total of 240 1-day-old male broiler chicks (Ross 308) were randomly allotted to three treatment groups, with four replicate pens per treatment and 20 birds per pen. The control birds were kept in a thermoneutral chamber and fed a basal diet, whereas the other two experimental groups were kept in a cold chamber to induce ascites and fed the basal diet supplemented with either 0 or 100 mg of glutamine/kg. The cold-treated birds consumed less (P &lt; 0.05) feed and had lower (P &lt; 0.05) weight gain compared with the control birds. Dietary glutamine supplementation had no effect (P &gt; 0.05) on broiler performance. The cold-treated birds had higher (P &lt; 0.05) right ventricle to total ventricle ratio and mortality due to ascites compared with the control birds. However, mortality due to ascites and right ventricle to total ventricle ratio was reduced (P &lt; 0.05) by dietary glutamine supplementation. The cold-treated birds had higher (P &lt; 0.05) red blood cell counts, haematocrit percentage and haemoglobin concentration compared with the control birds at 21 and 42 days of age. The activities of plasma lactate dehydrogenase, aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase were increased (P &lt; 0.05) in cold-treated birds compared with the control birds at 42 days of age, but dietary glutamine supplementation reduced (P &lt; 0.05) the activities of alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase near to the control levels. The plasma and liver glutathione peroxidase activities were increased (P &lt; 0.05) in cold-treated birds compared with the control birds at 21 and 42 days of age, whereas the reverse was true for malondialdehyde concentrations. The glutathione peroxidase activity was increased (P &lt; 0.05), whereas the malondialdehyde concentration was decreased (P &lt; 0.05) by dietary glutamine supplementation compared with the cold-treated birds at 42 days of age. The results indicated that the beneficial effect of glutamine is probably related to its ability to maintain near to normal free radical scavenging enzymes and the level of glutathione peroxidase bioactivity, thereby protecting cell membranes from oxidative damage via decreased lipid peroxidation.

Topic: Animal Nutrition and Physiology
Subfield: Animal Science and Zoology
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
A limitation of the kernel method for joint distributions of arbitrary variables

By representing signals in terms of several physical quantities simultaneously, joint distribution functions can reveal signal features that remain hidden from other methods of analysis. Cohen (1966, 1995) has proposed a construction for joint distributions of arbitrary physical quantities, in direct generalization of joint time-frequency representations. Actually, this method encompasses two approaches: one based on operator correspondences and one based on weighting kernels. The literature has emphasized the kernel method due to its ease of analysis; however, its simplicity comes at a price. We use a simple example to demonstrate that the kernel method cannot generate an possible bilinear joint distributions. Our results suggest that the relationship between the operator method and the kernel method merits closer scrutiny.

Topic: Image and Signal Denoising Methods
Subfield: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Structure of water nanoconfined between hydrophobic surfaces

We report the results of a series of molecular-dynamics simulations of liquid water confined between two graphite plates with separations ranging from 7to15Å. Energies and free energies are provided, indicating also the corresponding stability density span of confined water phases. The structure of the different liquid layers is also discussed for all the considered systems. In particular, we studied atomic density profiles, two-dimensional radial distribution functions, hydrogen bonding, and angular orientations near the carbon plates.

Topic: Quantum, superfluid, helium dynamics
Subfield: Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Phaseolus vulgaris L. INCBN_00401_20250319

Plant Genetic Resource.<br>Taxonomy: Phaseolus vulgaris L.<br>Common name(s): Common bean<br>Conserved by: Raissa Falaschi, Italy<br>Local sample unique identifier: INCBN_00401_20250319<br>Method of creation: Acquisition<br>Date: 2025-03-19<br>Historical: No<br>Biological status: Breeding/research material<br>MLS status: SMTA transfer

Topic: Horticultural and Viticultural Research
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Roots of Elder Respect: Ideals and Practices in East Asia

Abstract Peoples of East Asia—Chinese, Japanese, Koreans, and others-have long-established cultural approaches to showing respect to elders. Demographic and social changes, however, have affected the ability of the young to meet traditional expectations. Family sizes are much smaller than they once were, many young people live a distance from their parents, and a large number of women—traditional caregivers-work outside the family. Moreover, expectations of the young have been affected by their exposure to other cultures. In general, young people tend to prefer reciprocal patterns of mutual respect between generations. However, the values deeply rooted in their family systems and social structures are preserved even while the manifestation of these values is being modified. Thus, cultural influence persists; only the way of expressing respect is being modified. KEYWORDS: elder respectfilial pietyEast Asian valuesculture and agingConfucian teachings

Topic: Intergenerational Family Dynamics and Caregiving
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
[Treatment of the wounded and patients with acquired facial defects and deformations].

The authors describe the peculiarities of surgical treatment of 293 casualties with gunshot injuries and burns of maxillofacial area and 637 oncologic patients. The working classification of facial defects and deformations based on topographic-and-anatomic, morphological, functional and expert signs was developed 4 degrees of tissue lesions that are very important in the choice of rational treatment method were selected. Individual dental splints and method of formation combined round petiole consisted of arterialized musculocutaneous and dermatofatty parts were proposed. Long experience obtained in surgical treatment of patients with acquired facial defects and deformations permitted to reduce the treatment periods and to obtain good and satisfactory functional and cosmetic results in 95.3% of the cases.

Topic: Facial Trauma and Fracture Management
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Salivary microbiota composition may discriminate between patients with eosinophilic oesophagitis (<scp>EoE</scp>) and <scp>non‐EoE</scp> subjects

Summary Background Data on the role of the microbiome in adult patients with eosinophilic oesophagitis (EoE) are limited. Aims To prospectively collect and characterise the salivary, oesophageal and gastric microbiome in patients with EoE, further correlating the findings with disease activity. Methods Adult patients with symptoms of oesophageal dysfunction undergoing upper endoscopy were consecutively enrolled. Patients were classified as EoE patients, in case of more than 15 eosinophils per high‐power field, or non‐EoE controls, in case of lack of eosinophilic infiltration. Before and during endoscopy, saliva, oesophageal and gastric fundus biopsies were collected. Microbiota assessment was performed by 16 s rRNA analysis. A Sparse Partial Least Squares Discriminant Analysis (sPLS‐DA) was implemented to identify biomarkers. Results Saliva samples were collected from 29 EoE patients and 20 non‐EoE controls;, biopsies from 25 EoE and 5 non‐EoE controls. In saliva samples, 23 Amplicon Sequence Variants (ASVs) were positively associated with EoE and 27 ASVs with controls, making it possible to discriminate between EoE and non‐EoE patients with a classification error (CE) of 24%. In a validation cohort, the accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of this model were 78.6%, 80%, 75%, 80% and 60%, respectively. Moreover, the analysis of oesophageal microbiota samples observed a clear microbial pattern able to discriminate between active and inactive EoE (CE = 8%). Conclusion Our preliminary data suggest that salivary metabarcoding analysis in combination with machine learning approaches could become a valid, cheap, non‐invasive test to segregate between EoE and non‐EoE patients.

Topic: Eosinophilic Esophagitis
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Progressive pseudorheumatoid dysplasia: A rare entity mimicking juvenile idiopathic arthritis

Abstract Progressive pseudorheumatoid dysplasia can be confused with juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Treatment is mainly symptomatic and the prescription of immunosupressive agents is unnecessary. Surgery may be indicated at advanced stages of the disease.

Topic: Connective tissue disorders research
Subfield: Genetics
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Hybridization with &lt;i&gt;Fagopyrum cymosum&lt;/i&gt; Meisn. as a way to make cultivated Tartary buckwheat (&lt;i&gt;F. tataricum&lt;/i&gt; Gaertn.) with grain characteristics typical for common buckwheat (&lt;i&gt;F. esculentum&lt;/i&gt; Moench.)

Compared to common buckwheat (<i>F. esculentum</i>), Tartary buckwheat (<i>F. tataricum</i>) is very polymorphic in the type of seeds, but a seed type which is typical for <i>F. esculentum</i>, i.e. triangular seeds with flat sides and clear ribs, has been not found among the polymorphism. However, such seed type is typical for wild species <i>F. cymosum</i> which produces fertile hybrids in crosses with <i>F. tataricum</i>. Embryo rescue based interspecific cross <i>F. esculentum</i> × <i>F. cymosum</i> allowed reveal functional allelism of the genes determining the similar morphs of these species' seeds, i.e. the seed type resulted from mutation(s) at same gene. The gene can be assigned as <i>TAN</i> (triangular). Variation for the seed shell thickness among recessives for the <i>TAN</i> carrying about 12% of <i>F. tataricum</i> genome, together with the shell thickness of a seed from the F<sub>1</sub> hybrid <i>F. esculentum</i> × <i>F. cymosum</i> compared to ones of the parents, suggests there are some genes influencing seed shell thickness. Also, it was supported by analyses of seeds characteristics of Tartary-based forms with some share of <i>F. cymosum</i> genetic material. In addition, cross <i>F. tataricum</i> × <i>F. cymosum</i> looks like an effective tool to increase 1000-seed weight of Tartary buckwheat-based breeding material.

Topic: Seed and Plant Biochemistry
Subfield: Food Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Bhikkhuni Ordination Debate

This paper examines the recent events following the bhikkhuni revival in Sri Lanka, and looks at the position of the Burmese Sangha, which has traditionally seen itself as the custodian of an ‘authentic’ Buddhist legacy, thrown into a debate by the action of a Burmese bhikkhuni who was recently ordained in Sri Lanka. It introduces the early initiatives of revivalist monks in Burma as well as the viewpoints of Burmese Sangha and the nuns in regard to the bhikkhuni issue. Since most debate on the position of nuns take place without much reference to the local political contexts in which they stand, the state monastic organization in Burma is introduced to aid understanding of the framework in which the nuns operate today. At another level, the paper draws attention to the tension created between the international bhikkhunis who promote liberal ideologies of gender equality, individual rights and universalism into a faith based community, and local nuns who adhere to the traditional norms of religious duty, moral discipline and service to the community, and questions the ultimate aim in endorsing such secular ideals.

Topic: Asian Geopolitics and Ethnography
Subfield: Political Science and International Relations
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Cardiorespiratory Responses of Trained Boys to Treadmill and Arm Ergometry: Effect of Training Specificity

The purpose of this study was to examine the maximal cardiorespiratory responses of trained adolescent male swimmers (SWM, N = 18), soccer players (SOC, N = 18), and moderately active reference subjects (CON, N = 16) to treadmill running (TRD) and arm ergometry (ARM). Mean values (± SD )for skeletal age were similar among the three groups (12.5± 1.9, 12.7 ± 1.1, and 12.5 ± 1.6 years, for the SWM, SOC, and CON, respectively). Allometric scaling procedures, relating VO 2 max and body mass, were used and mass exponents of .80 and .74 were identified for TRD and ARM data, respectively. During TRD testing SOC attained significantly higher VO 2 max values when expressed in ml · kg −1 · min −1 , or ml · kg −0.80 · min −1 than the other two groups. However, during ARM testing, the SWM achieved significantly higher VO 2 peak values (ml · kg −0.74 · min −1 and scaled to arm-CSA) than SOC. The ratio of ARM-VAT to TRD-VAT was significantly higher in SWM (50.1± 9%) compared to SOC (41.2±5%), or CON (41.9 ± 6%).

Topic: Sports Performance and Training
Subfield: Orthopedics and Sports Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
RETRACTED: Empowering Secure Communication With Specific Triangular Matrices

In the fast-evolving realm of digital interaction and information sharing, cryptographic security serves as a fundamental pillar, safeguarding sensitive data and ensuring privacy. Cryptographic protocols, the fundamental elements of secure communication, rely on mathematical principles and computational strategies to foil attempts at breaching confidentiality and integrity. Within this domain, the upper triangular matrix has emerged as a significant mathematical concept. In this paper, an upper triangular matrix is used with Hill Chipher, logic map, and encryption/ decryption algorithms written in python programming language for cryptography. The mapping is done in a dictionary consisting of only writable characters of ASCII values and Turkish characters. Thus, both the Turkish character sensitivity and the character limit are extended with the string data type. Additionally, to these cryptographic methods, another different crypto approximation named as Hash function is considered; phyton codes prepared for the example, too.

Topic: DNA and Biological Computing
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Pseudomonas aeruginosa tolerance to tobramycin, hydrogen peroxide and polymorphonuclear leukocytes is quorum-sensing dependent

The opportunistic human pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa is the predominant micro-organism of chronic lung infections in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients. P. aeruginosa colonizes the CF lungs by forming biofilm structures in the alveoli. In the biofilm mode of growth the bacteria are highly tolerant to otherwise lethal doses of antibiotics and are protected from bactericidal activity of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs). P. aeruginosa controls the expression of many of its virulence factors by means of a cell–cell communication system termed quorum sensing (QS). In the present report it is demonstrated that biofilm bacteria in which QS is blocked either by mutation or by administration of QS inhibitory drugs are sensitive to treatment with tobramycin and H 2 O 2 , and are readily phagocytosed by PMNs, in contrast to bacteria with functional QS systems. In contrast to the wild-type, QS-deficient biofilms led to an immediate respiratory-burst activation of the PMNs in vitro . In vivo QS-deficient mutants provoked a higher degree of inflammation. It is suggested that quorum signals and QS-inhibitory drugs play direct and opposite roles in this process. Consequently, the faster and highly efficient clearance of QS-deficient bacteria in vivo is probably a two-sided phenomenon: down regulation of virulence and activation of the innate immune system. These data also suggest that a combination of the action of PMNs and QS inhibitors along with conventional antibiotics would eliminate the biofilm-forming bacteria before a chronic infection is established.

Topic: Bacterial biofilms and quorum sensing
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Hyperkinetic Seizures with Ictal Fear as Localizing Ictal Signs in MRI-Negative Medial Frontal Lobe Epilepsy

Abstract Purpose Hyperkinetic seizures are described as seizure onset in the frontal or temporal lobe. Additional localizing information is important for diagnostic workup and surgical therapy. We describe diagnostic workup and surgical outcomes in three patients with pharmacoresistant focal emotional seizures with hyperkinetic elements. Methods/Results High-resolution 3 Tesla (T) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) did not reveal clear-cut lesions. Invasive video-electroencephalography (EEG) with depth electrodes along the cingulate sulcus (bilateral; patients 1 and 3), right; patient 2 provided congruent results for a circumscribed seizure onset zone within the medial frontal lobe (right: patients 1 and 2; left: patient 3). Topectomies were performed in all patients. Histopathology revealed a small focal cortical dysplasia in the three cases (focal cortical dysplasia [FCD] IIA: patient 1; FCD IIB: patients 2 and 3). All patients remained completely seizure-free since surgery (Engel 1A; follow-up: 9–28 months). Conclusion Ictal fear associated with hyperkinetic semiology points to a seizure-onset zone within the anteromedial frontal lobe (anterior cingulate gyrus). Ictal semiology is crucial for the placement of depth electrodes, especially in MRI-negative cases. These cases illustrate a clinical advantage to the new International League against Epilepsy (ILAE) seizure classification, emphasizing initial clinical symptoms.

Topic: Epilepsy research and treatment
Subfield: Psychiatry and Mental health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
A Passive pHRI Controller for Assisting the User in Partially Known Tasks

&lt;p&gt;In this article, a passive physical human-robot interaction (pHRI) controller is proposed to enhance pHRI performance in terms of precision, cognitive load, and user effort, in cases partial knowledge of the task is available. Partial knowledge refers to a subspace of SE(3) determined by the desired task, generally mixing both position and orientation variables, and is mathematically approximated by parametric expressions. The proposed scheme, which utilizes the notion of virtual constraints and the prescribed performance control methodology, is proved to be passive with respect to the interaction force, while guaranteeing constraint satisfaction in all cases. The control scheme is experimentally validated and compared with a dissipative control scheme utilizing a KUKA LWR4+ robot in a master-slave task; experiments also include an application to a robotic assembly case.&lt;/p&gt;

Topic: Teleoperation and Haptic Systems
Subfield: Mechanical Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Application of VGG Architecture to Detect Korean Syllables Based on Image Text

Korean culture began to spread widely throughout the world, ranging from lifestyle, music, food, and drinks, and there are still many exciting things from this Korean culture. One of the interesting things to learn is to know Korean letters (Hangul), which are non-Latin characters. If the Hangul letters have been learned, the next thing that lay people must learn is the Korean syllables, which are different from the Indonesian syllables. Because of the difficulty of learning Korean syllables, understanding a sentence needed a system to recognize Korean syllables. Therefore, in this study designing a system to acknowledge Korean syllables, the method used is Convolutional Neural Network with VGG architecture. The system performs the process of detecting Korean syllables based on models that have been trained using 72 syllable classes. The tests on 72 Korean syllable classes obtain an average accuracy of 96%, an average precision value of 96%, an average recall value of 100%, and an average F1 score of 98%.

Topic: Edcuational Technology Systems
Subfield: Artificial Intelligence
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
3. Electrical IJEEER SLOT LOADED PROXIMITY COUPLED Mahesh

In this paper, the bandwidth of proximity coupled equilateral triangular microstrip antenna is enhanced by loading slot on radiating patch of antenna. It can be seen that, the bandwidth of microstrip antenna is increased to a great extent when antenna is loaded with a square slot. In some applications where the increased bandwidth is needed, the designed microstrip antenna is one of the alternative solution. The proposed antenna achieved quad band frequency points between 2.75GHz - 9.14GHz. The bandwidth has been enhanced to a maximum value of 21.33% (1925MHz) in comparison to that of conventional microstrip antenna which resonates at 3 GHz with bandwidth of 6.97% (210MHz). This antenna may find applications in IMT (International Mobile Communication), IEEE802.16d WIMAX and in radar systems. The design considerations and experimentally measured results are presented and discussed.

Topic: Neurobiology and Insect Physiology Research
Subfield: Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences
Impaired Glucose Metabolism and Oxidative Stress of Diabetes Mellitus in Causation of Breast Cancer

Breast cancer (BC) and Diabetes Mellitus (DM) are medical conditions that are becoming more common in many developed nations. When compared with healthy individuals, diabetic people have an elevated risk of BC and more fatalities from the disease. This implies an association and that the two conditions share risk factors and pathophysiological pathways. Although the causal processes beneath this connection remain incompletely understood, plausible ties include hyperinsulinemia, insulin resistance, oxidative stress, chronic inflammation, hyperglycaemia, and hormonal. Each of these conditions has been proposed for fostering tumour progression in numerous manners. Although hyperglycaemia is one of the most extensively researched metabolic abnormalities in DM, the consequences of high blood sugar on malignancy have garnered less scrutiny than the influence of insulin, insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), oxidative stress, and chronic inflammation on the progression of cancer. The purpose of this chapter is to provide insight into the link between impaired glycaemic status and oxidative stress of DM with the causation, type, progression, and mortality of BC. Several unexplored areas exist, and new hypotheses may emerge in the days to come.

Topic: Metabolism, Diabetes, and Cancer
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences