jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Fibroblast growth factor 10 ameliorates neurodegeneration in mouse and cellular models of Alzheimer's disease via reducing tau hyperphosphorylation and neuronal apoptosis

Abstract Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized with senile plaques formed by Aβ deposition, and neurofibrillary tangles composed of hyperphosphorylated tau protein, which ultimately lead to cognitive impairment. Despite the heavy economic and life burdens faced by the patients with AD, effective treatments are still lacking. Previous studies have reported the neuroprotective effects of FGF10 in CNS diseases, but its role in AD remains unclear. In this study, we demonstrated that FGF10 levels were reduced in the serum of AD patients, as well as in the brains of 3xTg‐AD mice and APPswe‐transfected HT22 cells, suggesting a close relationship between FGF10 and AD. Further investigations revealed that intranasal delivery of FGF10 improved cognitive functions in 3xTg‐AD mice. Additionally, FGF10 treatment reduced tau hyperphosphorylation and neuronal apoptosis, thereby mitigating neuronal cell damage and synaptic deficits in the cortex and hippocampus of 3xTg‐AD mice, as well as APPswe‐transfected HT22 cells. Furthermore, we evaluated the therapeutic potential of FGF10 gene delivery for treating AD symptoms and pathologies. Tail vein delivery of the FGF10 gene using AAV9 improved cognitive and neuronal functions in 3xTg‐AD mice. Similarly, endogenous FGF10 overexpression ameliorated tau hyperphosphorylation and neuronal apoptosis in the cortex and hippocampus of 3xTg‐AD mice. Importantly, we confirmed that the FGFR2/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway was activated following intranasal FGF10 delivery and AAV9‐mediated FGF10 gene delivery in 3xTg‐AD mice and APPswe‐transfected HT22 cells. Knockdown of FGFR2 attenuated the protective effect of FGF10. Collectively, these findings suggest that intranasal delivery of FGF10 and AAV9‐mediated FGF10 gene delivery could be a promising disease‐modifying therapy for AD.

Topic: Fibroblast Growth Factor Research
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
All American Yemeni Girls: Being Muslim in a Public School, by Loukia K. Sarroub. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2005, 168 pp.; USD $49.95 (cloth), USD $18.95 (paper)

Journal Article All American Yemeni Girls: Being Muslim in a Public School, by Loukia K. Sarroub. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2005, 168 pp.; USD $49.95 (cloth), USD $18.95 (paper) Get access Rubina Ramji Rubina Ramji University of Ottawa Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Sociology of Religion, Volume 67, Issue 3, Fall 2006, Pages 340–341, https://doi.org/10.1093/socrel/67.3.340 Published: 01 October 2006

Topic: Jewish and Middle Eastern Studies
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Unconventional Offshore Petroleum-extracting oil from active source rocks of the Kimmeridge Clay Formation of the North Sea

The organic-rich Upper Jurassic Kimmeridge Clay Formation is the major source rock for conventional oil and gas in the North Sea with a maximum thickness of 1,100 m. TOC values range from 2 wt.%-10 wt.% and predominantly Type II (bacterially-degraded algal, and a mix of Type I (mainly algal) kerogens. The Î´13Corg values for the investigated samples range from -29.73 â° to -26. 88 â°, these values are characteristic of marine organic matter with terrestrial input. Sixteen billion barrels of commercial reserves have been discovered in conventional reservoirs in the UK Viking Graben area with 29 billion barrels discovered in the Norwegian sector of the North Sea. However, this principal UK conventional hydrocarbon province is reaching the maturity phase of field exploration, leading to a growing interest for unconventional hydrocarbons in the UK and some part of Europe.&#13;\nThe purpose of this study is to evaluate the unconventional hydrocarbon potential of the Kimmeridge shale to identity sweet-spot areas using multidisciplinary analogues from successful unconventional resource plays in North American. Conventional and unconventional source rock analyses show that the Kimmeridge Clay Formation contains a significant amount of un-expelled residual oil both within the source rock and in the interbedded sandstone in the South Viking Graben area. As a consequence, this source rock and juxtaposed non-source lithofacies (sand interbeds) can form a hybrid shale resource system. Due to its high organic richness and favourable sweet-spot reservoir properties such as lithology, thickness, kerogen type, level of thermal maturity and hydrocarbon generative potential, the Kimmeridge Clay Formation could be the first offshore unconventional resource in the future.&#13;\nTOC, Rock-Eval S1, Tmax, mineralogical content and the formation of organic, interparticle and intraparticle porosities at peak oil maturity are all factors that have influenced the retention and drainage of the observed oil. The examination/analysis of their interrelationships provides a useful framework and signature for future prediction of sweet spot areas for viable unconventional resources. &#13;\n

Topic: Hydrocarbon exploration and reservoir analysis
Subfield: Mechanics of Materials
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Forms of exile: Experimental self-positioning in postcolonial Caribbean poetry

In this essay, I want to draw attention to the distinctive experience of exile by looking at the ways in which Caribbean poets from the 1960s to the 1980s responded to it. I discuss selected examples from their poetry to argue that as a specific way of experiencing departure and migration, exile inspires specific strategies of artistic mediation and even innovation. The combination of a desire for emplacement and an openness to metropolitan influences that characterizes the situation of exile results in a distinctive strategy within Caribbean poetry that can be described as experimental self-positioning. In their negotiations of the experience of exile, poets adapt and juxtapose formal and linguistic elements from various cultural backgrounds. This hybrid poetics encompasses a wide range of manifestations; one particularly common technique is that of taking on Western poetic forms and transforming them through Caribbean and exilic elements. In the poetry this phenomenon is most immediately evident where the typographical pattern indicates Western stanzaic patterns or even specific formations such as the sonnet. In such poems, form is both a medium through which the poet can negotiate the experience of exile and a way of situating oneself in the new cultural environment: a "position-taking," in Pierre Bourdieu's sociological terminology, but a position-taking not just in the new literary field but in between the various cultures, languages, and literatures that the exile has to deal with. Against this background, I will examine three manifestations of experimental self-positioning in Caribbean exile poetry: Derek Walcott's "Tales of the Islands" (1962), Anthony McNeill's "Saint Ras" (1972), and NourbeSe Philip's "Sprung Rhythm" (1983). Each uses a different Western form and transforms it along different lines. Read one after the other these poems form a trajectory of spatial and temporal distancing: whereas Walcott's speaker is just leaving his home island, McNeill's is already living in exile, and Philip's looks back to a Caribbean childhood from a considerable temporal and geographical distance.

Topic: Caribbean history, culture, and politics
Subfield: Cultural Studies
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
REMOTE#RESEARCH - A Telediagnosis Assistance System for Multiple-Lead Electrocardiography

<title>Abstract</title> <bold>Background :</bold> The diffusion of telemedicine opens up a new perspective for the development of technologies furthered by Biomedical Engineering. In particular, herein we deal with those related to telediagnosis through multiple-lead electrocardiographic signals. <bold>Objectives :</bold> This study focuses on the proof-of-concept of an internet-based telemedicine system as a use case that attests to the feasibility for the development, within the university environment, of techniques for remote processing of biomedical signals for adjustable detection of myocardial ischemia episodes. Methods : At each signal lead, QRS complexes are detected and delimited with the J -point marking. The same procedure to detect the complex is used to identify the respective T wave, then the area over the ST segment is applied to detect ischemia-related elevations. The entire system is designed on web-based telemedicine services using multiuser, remote access technologies, and database.<bold>Results :</bold> The measurements for sensitivity and precision had their respective averages calculated at 11.79% and 24.21% for the lead s of lower noise. T he evaluations regarding the aspects of user friendliness and the usefulness of the application, resulted in 88.57% and 89.28% of broad or total acceptance, respectively .<bold>Conclusions :</bold> They are robust enough to enable scalability and can be offered by cloud computing, besides enabling the development of new biomedical signal processing techniques within the concept of distance services, using a modular architecture with collaborative bias.

Topic: ECG Monitoring and Analysis
Subfield: Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
An orchestrated IoT‐based blockchain system to foster innovation in agritech

Abstract Agritech uses advanced technologies to boost the efficiency, sustainability, and productivity of farming. The Internet of Things (IoT) in agriculture has brought sensors and networked technology to gather and analyse environmental and crop data, enabling precision farming that optimises resource usage and increases yields. Yet, current agricultural methods suffer from unsecured and decentralised data management, causing inefficiencies and complicating traceability across the supply chain. The integration of IoT with blockchain technology is seen as a promising solution to enhance data‐driven agriculture. Blockchain provides a secure, decentralised, and transparent ledger that enhances data integrity, reduces fraud, and improves traceability, which complements IoT applications. The authors detail the development of an innovative system that orchestrates IoT and blockchain technologies to facilitate the adoption of new technologies in agriculture and overcomes the lacked of comprehensive data connectivity. It outlines a conceptual framework and its preliminary empirical implementation. The system consists of three integrated layers: the IoT layer, which creates digital twins of field crops; the blockchain layer, which secures and manages data from the field and external stakeholders for dynamic applications such as track and tracing; and the orchestration layer, which fuses physical and digital data to optimise business models, enhance supply chain productivity, and support governmental policy‐making, thereby improving field productivity and food sector innovation.

Topic: Smart Agriculture and AI
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
The complete mitochondrial genome of Eaton’s skate, <i>Bathyraja eatonii</i> (Rajiformes, Arhynchobatidae)

The complete mitochondrial genome of Eaton's skate <i>Bathyraja eatonii</i> was studied using the long-read technology, PacBio Sequel System. The complete mitochondrial genome form of <i>B. eatonii</i> was 16,698 bp and it's comprised of 13 protein-coding genes, 22 tRNA and 2 rRNA. The base composition of <i>B. eatonii</i> is analyzed 31.94% for A, 33.94% for T, 13.49% for G, 20.64% for C, the result of GC content was 33.94%. Phylogenetic analysis showed that <i>B. eatonii</i> was closely related to <i>Bathyraja meridionalis</i> in Arhynchobatidae family, and this first mitochondrial genome of Antarctic skate would provide fundamental information to the evolutional relationship of Antarctic fishes.

Topic: Ichthyology and Marine Biology
Subfield: Nature and Landscape Conservation
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Energetics of hydrogen in GeO2, Ge, and their interfaces

The energetics of interstitial hydrogen in GeO2, Ge, and their interfaces are calculated using a hybrid density functional. We find that interstitial atomic hydrogen unexpectedly behaves as a donor in GeO2, like H in ZnO but unlike H in SiO2. At Ge:GeO2 interfaces, the donor electron can transfer to the lower lying Ge conduction band, which stabilises the O-H bond/donor complex. This reduces the probability of passivating Ge dangling bond (Pb) centers at Ge:GeO2 interfaces.

Topic: Semiconductor materials and devices
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Information-Theoretic Semi-Supervised Metric Learning via Entropy Regularization

We propose a general information-theoretic approach to semi-supervised metric learning called SERAPH (SEmi-supervised metRic leArning Paradigm with Hypersparsity) that does not rely on the manifold assumption. Given the probability parameterized by a Mahalanobis distance, we maximize its entropy on labeled data and minimize its entropy on unlabeled data following entropy regularization. For metric learning, entropy regularization improves manifold regularization by considering the dissimilarity information of unlabeled data in the unsupervised part, and hence it allows the supervised and unsupervised parts to be integrated in a natural and meaningful way. Moreover, we regularize SERAPH by trace-norm regularization to encourage low-dimensional projections associated with the distance metric. The nonconvex optimization problem of SERAPH could be solved efficiently and stably by either a gradient projection algorithm or an EM-like iterative algorithm whose M-step is convex. Experiments demonstrate that SERAPH compares favorably with many well-known metric learning methods, and the learned Mahalanobis distance possesses high discriminability even under noisy environments.

Topic: Face and Expression Recognition
Subfield: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Adaptive Mesh-free Approach for Gravity Inversion

We proposes a method of gravity inversion based on an adaptive mesh-free approach by using a modified radial basis function . It can parametrize the density distribution by using a mesh-free approach. The subsurface space is generally discretized into regular grid cells, while mesh-free methods can avoid the expensive mesh generation and manipulation required in traditional approaches. Scattered points are introduced in most mesh-free methods to discretize the given equations. To deal with the problem of unstructured nodal discretization, we use a mesh-free discretization strategy to establish a mapping of subsurface grid cells to a cloud of discrete points. The nodes are adaptively refined during the inversion process to better recover abnormal bodies. In addition, the hybrid basis function and the modified radial basis function are used to improve the accuracy and stability of the solution. We verify the effectiveness of the proposed method by using several synthetic and empirical tests.

Topic: Geomagnetism and Paleomagnetism Studies
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Capsicum annuum L., CAP 1501

PGRFA accession of IPK Gatersleben Plant Genetic Resource Taxon: Capsicum annuum L. Accession number: CAP 1501 Conserved by: DEU146 Acquisition: 1996 Origin country: Unknown Biological status: Advanced/improved cultivar MLS status: Unknown AEGIS status: Not included Historic: No

Topic: Bacterial Infections and Vaccines
Subfield: Microbiology
Field: Immunology and Microbiology
Domain: Life Sciences
ATRIUM: Heritage, Intercultural Dialogue and the European Cultural Routes

One of the key priorities of the Cultural Routes programme of the Council of Europe is intercultural dialogue. The resolution of the Council of Ministers no. 67 (2013) indicated that an overriding strategic goal of the Council was to “promote dialogue and understanding between majority and minority, native and immigrant cultures.” It linked this general principle to two other documents regarding strategic policy for the Council of Europe: the White Paper on Intercultural Dialogue entitled “Living Together As Equals in Dignity” (White Paper on Intercultural Dialogue, 2008) and the Convention on the Value of Cultural Heritage for Society, otherwise known as the “Faro Convention” (Council of Europe Framework Convention, 2005). These general principles were adopted by the Council of Europe Advisory Forum of the Cultural Routes in Baku in 2014, whose closing declaration included an exhortation that the cultural routes should act as “vectors of intercultural dialogue” (Baku Declaration (2014). This paper will look at the way the ATRIUM cultural route has attempted to interpret and implement this strategic goal.

Topic: Cultural Heritage Management and Preservation
Subfield: Archeology
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Karakteristik Gaya Komunikasi Presiden Jokowi Dalam Pengambilan Kebijakan

The mass media bring news about the various issues that arise in the community, including those related to communication styles of President Jokowi in communicating policies. The last case, in which ministers make "political noise" that attacked each other in front of the public, many people questioned about coordination between Jokowi and his officials. Furthermore, researchers set problems taken in the study, 1) How is the characteristic of Jokowi’s communication style in communicating policies 2) How is the communication competencies possessed by Jokowi?. Research using qualitative research methods with a macrostruktural discourse analysis approach. The population are news about communications by President Jokowi, where the medium used is the online media. Online media selected in sampling are News.detik.com and Kompas.com which is the most popular news providers (version ALEXA per February 18, 2015). The results showed that the characteristic of Jokowi’s communication style in communicating policies in general is controlling style, although in some situations also use communication styles in accordance with existing conditions. Based on an analysis of the communication’s Jokowi in communicating policies, Jokowi’s communication competence covering aspects of commitment and confidence, empathy, flexibility, senstivity of consequences, and proficiency.

Topic: Islamic Finance and Communication
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
I am what I am – Convergence Behaviors on Online Discussion About the Safety of COVID-19 Vaccines

Using data from an online discussion on the risk of getting blood clot from Johnson & Johnson vaccine moderated by the New York Times Facebook page, we investigated the presence of eleven convergence behaviors, and the interaction between them. While recent research focuses on misinformation or fake news as the object of analysis, we argue in this exploratory research that it is equally important to analyze who and, whenever possible, why people engage in information exchange given a particular crisis, hence their convergence behaviors. Mapping the types of postings to their authors would be an additional step to design, develop, implement, and possibly, regulate online discussions for a more effective and just civic engagement. As we witness a mass manipulation of public opinion, our findings suggest that the number of netizens that seek to correct misinformation is growing. If the society goal is to swiftly rebut as many conspiracy theories as possible, we advocate for a dual social media control strategy: restrain as much as possible the misinformation spreaders/manipulators and encourage correctors to help propagate countervailing facts.

Topic: Computational and Text Analysis Methods
Subfield: General Social Sciences
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
An InGaAsP/InP double-heterojunction bipolar transistor for monolithic integration with a 1.5-µm laser diode

A double-heterostructure InGaAsP/InP bipolar transistor is described which comprises a CdO film as a wide-gap emitter made by sputter deposition. A current gain as high as 40 has been achieved. The transistor could also be operated in an inverted mode with the CdO layer acting as collector. The main feature of this transistor is the structural compatibility with a 1.5-µm DH laser allowing for monolithic integration.

Topic: Semiconductor Quantum Structures and Devices
Subfield: Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Prognostic impact of <i><scp>MYD88</scp></i> and <i><scp>CXCR4</scp></i> mutations assessed by droplet digital polymerase chain reaction in <scp>IgM</scp> monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance and smouldering Waldenström macroglobulinaemia

Summary Waldenström macroglobulinaemia (WM) is characterized by recurrent somatic mutations in MYD88 and CXCR4 genes. However, limitations arise when analysing these mutations in IgM monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) or smouldering WM (SWM) given the lower tumour load. Here, we used droplet digital polymerase chain reaction (ddPCR) to analyse MYD88 L265P and CXCR4 S338* mutations (C1013G and C1013A) in unsorted bone marrow (BM) or cell‐free DNA (cfDNA) samples from 101 IgM MGUS and 69 SWM patients. ddPCR was more sensitive to assess MYD88 L265P compared to allele‐specific PCR, especially in IgM MGUS (64% vs 39%). MYD88 mutation burden correlated with other laboratory biomarkers, particularly BM infiltration ( r = 0.8; p &lt; 0.001). CXCR4 C1013G was analysed in MYD88 ‐mutated samples with available genomic DNA and was detected in 19/54 (35%) and 18/42 (43%) IgM MGUS and SWM cases respectively, also showing correlation with BM involvement ( r = 0.9; p &lt; 0.001). ddPCR also detected 8 (38%) and 10 (63%) MYD88 ‐mutated cfDNA samples in IgM MGUS and SWM respectively. Moreover, high BM mutation burden (≥8% MYD88 and ≥2% CXCR4 ) was associated with an increased risk of progression to symptomatic WM. We show the clinical applicability of ddPCR to assess MYD88 and CXCR4 in IgM MGUS and SWM and provide a molecular‐based risk classification.

Topic: Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Research
Subfield: Genetics
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Effect of Antral Motility on Food Hydrolysis and Gastric Emptying from the Stomach: Insights from Computational Models

The peristaltic motion of the stomach walls combines with the secretion of enzymes to initiate the process that breaks down food. Computational modelling of this phenomenon can help reveal the details that would be hard to capture via in-vivo or in-vitro means. In this study, the digestion of a liquid meal containing protein is simulated in a human-stomach model based on imaging data. Pepsin, the gastric enzyme for protein hydrolysis, is secreted from the proximal region of the stomach walls and allowed to react with the contents of the stomach. The jet velocities, the emptying rate, and the extent of hydrolysis are quantified for a control case, and also for three other cases of reduced motility with varying peristaltic amplitudes. The findings quantify the effect of motility on the rate of food breakdown and emptying, and correlate the observations with the mixing in the stomach induced by the antral contraction waves.

Topic: Microbial Inactivation Methods
Subfield: Biotechnology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences