jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Testicular tumors: ultrasound diagnosis.

Poster: ECR 2019 / C-0935 / Testicular tumors: ultrasound diagnosis.  by:  S. Gallego Garcia 1, C. Santos Monton2, I. alonso diego1, S. F. Pozo Gonzalez1, E. Molina Terron1, M. A. Martin Perez1, J. M. Marin Balbin1; 1Zamora/ES, 2Salamanca/ES

Topic: Testicular diseases and treatments
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Impact of ECOM Solar Radiation Pressure Models on Multi-GNSS Ultra-Rapid Orbit Determination

The Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) ultra-rapid precise orbits are crucial for global and wide-area real-time high-precision applications. The solar radiation pressure (SRP) model is an important factor in precise orbit determination. The real-time orbit determination is generally less accurate than the post-processed one and may amplify the instability and mismodeling of SRP models. Also, the impact of different SRP models on multi-GNSS real-time predicted orbits demands investigations. We analyzed the impact of the ECOM 1 and ECOM 2 models on multi-GNSS ultra-rapid orbit determination in terms of ambiguity resolution performance, real-time predicted orbit overlap precision, and satellite laser ranging (SLR) validation. The multi-GNSS observed orbital arc and predicted orbital arcs of 1, 3, 6, and 24 h are compared. The simulated real-time experiment shows that for GLONASS and Galileo ultra-rapid orbits, compared to ECOM 1, ECOM 2 increased the ambiguity fixing rate to 89.3% and 83.1%, respectively, and improves the predicted orbit accuracy by 9.2% and 27.7%, respectively. For GPS ultra-rapid orbits, ECOM 2 obtains a similar ambiguity fixing rate as ECOM 1 but slightly better orbit overlap precision. For BDS GEO ultra-rapid orbits, ECOM 2 obtains better overlap precision and SLR residuals, while for BDS IGSO and MEO ultra-rapid orbits, ECOM 1 obtains better orbit overlap precision and SLR residuals.

Topic: GNSS positioning and interference
Subfield: Aerospace Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
FACTORS THAT AFFECT ACCOUNTING INFORMATION SYSTEM SUCCESS AND ITS IMPLICATION ON ACCOUNTING INFORMATION QUALITY

Accounting Information System provides financial information and supports decision tasks in the coordination context, organizational activities control and strategic decision-making. The purpose of this study is to investigate factors that affect accounting information system success and accounting information quality. It examines the influence of organizational commitment and culture on accounting information system success and its implication on accounting information quality. This study employed a survey conducted in Muhammadiyah higher education in Central Java, Indonesia. The data analysis for hypothesis testing was Structural Equation Modeling with Smart PLS (Partial Least Square). The main findings indicate that organizational commitment and culture have positive and significant affect on accounting information system success. Furthermore, the relation between accounting information system success is significantly related to accounting information quality.

Topic: Financial Literacy and Behavior
Subfield: Accounting
Field: Business, Management and Accounting
Domain: Social Sciences
Intrinsic motivation for knowledge sharing – competitive intelligence process in a telecom company

Purpose Knowledge about competitive environments is a determinant factor for the success of a firm, as it may allow it to anticipate threats and opportunities in its market. This study aims to explore variables that enable or prevent an employee’s intrinsic motivation to share knowledge. It studies the collection and sharing of information that may be a signal of future competitive moves in competitive intelligence (CI) processes. Design/methodology/approach Canonical correlation was used by utilizing survey data from a company. The study was based on the self-determination theory relating intrinsic motivation to behavior. Findings The study confirms the importance of different aspects motivating knowledge sharing behavior, such as information system’s support, top management support and information feed-back. Research limitations/implications The study is limited to one company, respecting the limitations of a case study, but external validation was impossible to test. Findings showed a strong correlation of some variables with intrinsic motivation and are coherent with other studies in the knowledge sharing field. Practical implications Firms introducing knowledge sharing processes should pay attention to the importance of information system support. The relationship with people involved is also important, as in supporting their collaborations and giving feed-back to contributions. Sustaining intrinsic motivation seems a fundamental aspect to the process’ success. Originality/value The study indicates the relation of different variables of motivation with motivation. It explores knowledge sharing in a CI process, an important process in firms nowadays. It shows important aspects that ensure continuity of knowledge sharing as informational feed-back and top management support. Canonical correlation was also used, a technique not frequently explored and useful to study correlation among groups of variables.

Topic: Knowledge Management and Sharing
Subfield: Communication
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Antioxidant and anti-acetylcholinesterase activities of selected plants from Asteraceae family related to Alzheimer’s disease: A review

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is often associated with deficit levels of neurotransmitters acetylcholine (ACh) due to hydrolysis by acetylcholinesterase (AChE). Oxidative damage is also found to contribute to AD. Since neurons are vulnerable to high amounts of reactive oxygen species (ROS), damaged neurons lead to declined cognitive and learning abilities. In addition, the current medications for AD pose worrying side effects to AD patients. Hence, more efforts have been made to discover the potential of plants in providing safer alternatives for AD treatment since they are rich with bioactive compounds like phenolics and flavonoids. The scope of this review is narrowed to Asteraceae family plants: Achillea filipendulina, Achillea millefolium, Artemisia herba-alba, Calendula officinalis, Enhydra fluctuans and Hertia cheirifolia. In the present study, the relationship between total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC) and antioxidant property have been investigated in these plants subjected to different extraction techniques, plant parts, solvent polarity, type of extracts and plant harvesting period. Effects of these factors in anti-AChE activity were also discussed. Besides that, the possible synergistic effects between antioxidant and anti-AChE in the plants have been identified. The summarised results have proven that different extraction parameters bring about different bioactivity intensities. Next, results showed a strong, positive relationship between TPC, TFC and antioxidant activity except for C. officinalis where its root methanolic extract demonstrated an opposite trend. Furthermore, possible dual effects in plants were detected in four out of five plants reviewed except for A. herba-alba methanolic extract whereby the plant exhibited greater antioxidant properties while its essential oil demonstrated stronger anti-AChE properties. This study emphasized the paramount importance of considering all factors that influence the composition of bioactive compounds and their desired biological activities. Moreover, our findings on the knowledge of possible dual effects in selected plants could advance the development of therapeutic drugs in AD treatment.

Topic: Cholinesterase and Neurodegenerative Diseases
Subfield: Pharmacology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Real Politics and the Concept of Political Corruption

This article explores some of the challenges generated by recent attempts to relate the concept of political corruption to real politics. It shows that the three distinct arguments upon which scholars who conceptualize political corruption through the lens of real politics often rely are ambiguous, and posit standards for the use of power on the basis of naive or conservative assumptions about politics. The article then contends that we do need to consider real politics in the study of political corruption, but not in the manner or for the reasons suggested in much current scholarship. Speciﬁcally, examining real politics can help us determine the form of any given case of political corruption. In making this argument, the article attempts to avoid the problems that accompany most real-politics-based understandings of corruption while retaining concern for how the discourse around political corruption might inﬂuence political study and democratic politics.

Topic: Corruption and Economic Development
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Nonequilibrium Quantum Field Theory

Bringing together the key ideas from nonequilibrium statistical mechanics and powerful methodology from quantum field theory, this 2008 book captures the essence of nonequilibrium quantum field theory. Beginning with the foundational aspects of the theory, the book presents important concepts and useful techniques, discusses issues of basic interest, and shows how thermal field, linear response, kinetic theories and hydrodynamics emerge. It also illustrates how these concepts are applied to research topics including nonequilibrium phase transitions, thermalization in relativistic heavy ion collisions, the nonequilibrium dynamics of Bose-Einstein condensation, and the generation of structures from quantum fluctuations in the early Universe. This self-contained book is a valuable reference for graduate students and researchers in particle physics, gravitation, cosmology, atomic-optical and condensed matter physics. It has been reissued as an Open Access publication on Cambridge Core.

Topic: Advanced Thermodynamics and Statistical Mechanics
Subfield: Statistical and Nonlinear Physics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
What Has Guided AIDS Control Policy in Uganda?

The idea for this book arose in my mind out of two troubling and related issues. Nelson Mandela had spoken passionately at the Durban International AIDS Conference in 2000, about a set of HIV prevention strategies whose value and effectiveness he said could not be disputed. These were precisely the strategies we had evaluated within the Masaka Intervention Trial (MIT)—promoting a delay in sexual debut for young people, zero-grazing, condoms, and treating STDs. But we had found these strategies to have no effect on HIV incidence. My first concern, therefore, was that there was a strong and widespread belief that certain approaches to HIV prevention were "known" to be effective, but our findings suggested—at least within the context of Masaka in the mid-late 1990s—that these very approaches were actually in effective. My second worry was that these findings were not taken to heart by policy makers or HIV prevention practitioners either in Uganda or elsewhere in Africa. Nothing changed, and business continued as usual. This indicated to me that scientific findings that went counter to the status quo were simply ignored by a billion-dollar international AIDS juggernaut with too much momentum and perhaps too many vested interests to countenance a change in direction. Certainly there could be no admission that perhaps the standard HIV prevention package used throughout Africa was misguided.KeywordsSexual DebutIdeological ContextHigh PeopleOfficial RhetoricIdeological BattleThese keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.

Topic: HIV/AIDS Impact and Responses
Subfield: Economics and Econometrics
Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance
Domain: Social Sciences
Retrobulbar Amphotericin B in Mucormycosis: A Ray of Hope

Aim: The aim of the study was to study the role of Retrobulbar Amphotericin B in patients with Mucormycosis. Methods: The retrospective study conducted on 86 cases at a tertiary care hospital analyzed detailed history, examination and management options. The staging was done on basis of clinical and radiological examination. Management included functional endoscopic sinus debridement followed by lavage with Liposomal Amphotericin B. The patients with ocular involvement were subjected to Exenteration or Retrobulbar injections of Amphotericin B (3.5 mg / ml) based on the disease staging. Results: Most common risk factors were steroid intake (89.5 %) and Diabetes (87.2%). Seventy four eyes of 71 patients had ocular involvement out of which 20 eyes (27.0%) of 19 patients (26.7%) presented with no perception of light. Seven patients were subject to exenteration of globe and 58 eyes were given Retrobulbar injections (Mean number of injections = 5.58 ± 2.36). The mean best corrected visual acuity of 0.769± 0.935 logMar did not deteriorate (p=0.871) post treatment. The mean restriction of extraocular movements were 2.32± 1.09 which improved to 1.56 ± 1.56 (p=0.0031) following retrobulbar injections. Conclusion: The patients of Mucormycosis without cerebral involvement can be subjected to Retrobulbar Amphotericin B injections that can control the ocular manifestations and stabilise the vision thus saving the globe..

Topic: Antifungal resistance and susceptibility
Subfield: Infectious Diseases
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Epilogue: Digital Journalism

In 2013, the late David Carr, a breathtakingly immodest chief drug confessor and solipsist from the New York Times who also acted as its principal technology booster, wrote an advice to young anglo-parlante journalists: Right now, being a reporter is a golden age. There may be a lack of business models to back it up, but having All Known Thought One Click Away—on the author desktop, tablet or phone makes it an immensely deeper, richer exercise than it used to be. Thinking about life on the other side of news, Tom Englehardt, a well-meaning critic of US imperialism says we are living in a golden age of journalism because of what he dubs 'the rise of the reader'. Englehardt is writing about technological relations and their impact on texts and societies. In addition to this new era of readers' hegemony over digital journalism, there is great excitement over such new technologies as 'drone journalism' and 'immersive journalism'.

Topic: Media Studies and Communication
Subfield: Communication
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Innovation indicators in the context of Romanian SMEs: A research agenda

Abstract The purpose of this paper is to present an overview of the theoretical connection between key terms such as innovation indicators and entrepreneurship, highlighting the main trends of innovative activities and practices in the context of Romanian small and medium enterprises. Innovation management has gained an increased interest nowadays since it provides tools for creating competitive advantage and economic growth for enterprises. In this sense, at global and European Union level, innovation indicators have been identified in order to measure the efficiency of innovation. In addition, innovation and entrepreneurship have been connected by scholars, since their application provides business opportunities. Starting from the Europe 2020 Strategy that has innovation as a pillar for reaching economic growth, the present study provides a descriptive analysis of the Regional Innovation Scoreboard 2019 report, followed by a comparative analysis of the European Innovation Scoreboard reports published in the last 5 years. The present paper contributes to the existing knowledge regarding the actual application of innovation indicators in Romanian SMEs. The paper provides an answer to the research questions, which focus on depicting what are the exact innovation indicators that characterize the activities of Romanian SME and what are the trends and weaknesses in the actual business environment in terms of innovative endeavors. This paper provides some recommendations in terms of improvement of innovative efforts for the enterprises that operate in the Romanian market.

Topic: Economic and Business Development Strategies
Subfield: Economics and Econometrics
Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance
Domain: Social Sciences
Simulation of Batch Slow Pyrolysis of Biomass Materials Using the Process-Flow-Diagram COCO Simulator

The commercial COCO simulation program was used to mimic the experimental slow pyrolysis process of five different biomasses based on thermodynamic consideration. The program generated the optimum set of reaction kinetic parameters and reaction stoichiometric numbers that best described the experimental yields of solid, liquid and gas products. It was found that the simulation scheme could predict the product yields over the temperature range from 300 to 800 °C with reasonable accuracy of less than 10% average error. An attempt was made to generalize the biomass pyrolysis behavior by dividing the five biomasses into two groups based on the single-peak and two-peak characteristics of the DTG (derivative thermogravimetry) curves. It was found that this approximate approach was able to predict the product yields reasonably well. The proposed simulation method was extended to the analysis of slow pyrolysis results derived from previous investigations. The results obtained showed that the prediction errors of product yields were relatively large, being 12.3%, 10.6%, and 27.5% for the solid, liquid, and gas products, respectively, possibly caused by differing pyrolysis conditions from those used in the simulation. The prediction of gas product compositions by the simulation program was reasonably satisfactory, but was less accurate for predicting the compositions of liquid products analyzed in forms of hydrocarbons, aromatics and oxygenated fractions. In addition, information on the kinetics of thermal decomposition of biomass in terms of the variation of fractional conversion with time was also derived as a function of temperature and biomass type.

Topic: Thermochemical Biomass Conversion Processes
Subfield: Biomedical Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Question Answering System in the Domain of Early Childhood Education in Bahasa Indonesia

The purpose of this study is to create a media for teaching staff in early childhood education schools, which is one of the features of the education robot answering system. Speech is used as input and output data from the system. The question answering system is a conversation data in the domain of early childhood education that is collected. Preprocessing stages are performed in the dataset to produce data that can be processed by the system. The question answering system uses the RNN algorithm with the Seq2Seq model. The highest results of the training process are 89.5% accuracy, precision 99.02%, and 70.5% recall. The response generation test also obtained an accuracy of 75%. The results of testing the response to the Questions according to the dataset produce maximum value.

Topic: Edcuational Technology Systems
Subfield: Artificial Intelligence
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Aging, growth and the allocation of public expenditures on health and education

Abstract In this paper, I develop an overlapping generations endogenous growth model in which both public education and health are sources of growth by affecting the accumulation rate of the human capital stock and the savings rate over life expectancy. I first find that dynamic complementarities of public expenditures lead to minimum threshold levels of public education and health expenditures that ensure sustainable growth. I then show how governments can use the allocation of public expenditures as an alternative policy instrument to maximize growth without increasing the tax rate or the retirement age, as usually happens in aging economies.

Topic: Fiscal Policy and Economic Growth
Subfield: Economics and Econometrics
Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance
Domain: Social Sciences
Evaluation of ninety-six periprosthetic hip joint infections seen within five consecutive years.

Periprosthetic hip joint infections (PHJI) are severe complications. In 2003 Zimmerli published a well-noted treatment algorithm for PHJI. The aim of this study is to evaluate outcome, analyze the applied treatment regimen and compare it to the proposed algorithm. We evaluated the outcome of 96 PHJI treated at our institution between 2008 and 2012 and analysed adherence to the algorithm and outcome in coherence with the algorithm. The operations performed were irrigation and debridement with exchange of mobile parts (45%), two-stage exchange (36%), one-stage exchange (12%) and permanent explantation (7%). 47% were acute infections, 53% were chronic. Staphylococcus aureus was the most common pathogen. The overall success rate was 88%. In 12% of the cases the chosen operation didn't follow the algorithm. Of these only 10% was successfully treated with the primary operation. We find that the algorithm proposed by Zimmerli is a useful tool and easy to translate into clinical practice. When followed it yields a high success rate.

Topic: Orthopedic Infections and Treatments
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
The Cladocera and Copepoda (Crustacea) of the Tarns of the English Lake District

Previous work on the tarns of this district has been limited both in extent and time. Beck (1883), Brady (1868), Gurney (1923) and Scourfield (unpublished data) give the names of only eighteen tarns and most of these were visited at only one season, July to September. When an algal and chemical survey of the tarns was started by this Association in 1953, the opportunity was therefore taken to make a comprehensive survey of the Cladocera and Copepoda as well. Between 1953 and 1956, 144 tarns were visited and their names are listed alphabetically in the appendix, together with national grid references, surface areas, heights above sea-level, depths and months of collecting. The topography of the district is well known and fully described elsewhere, so here only the salient features are briefly described. The district has the general shape of a wheel 48 km in diameter, with a central hub of hard non-calcareous rock rising to eight summits over 900 m and about fifty over 600 m, from which spurs separated by glaciated valleys, in many of which are lakes, radiate out to a low-lying periphery of carboniferous limestone. The most satisfactory definition of the Lake District for the ecologist is probably that of Marr (1916) whose geological boundary separates reasonably clearly the hard lime-deficient rocks of the district from the encircling limestone area, except in the south where there are some irregular outcrops. In the popular view, a tarn is a body of water intermediate in size between a lake and a pool. Macan (1950) found a useful distinction between tarns and lakes to be the common species of emergent plant which was Phragmites communis Frin. in lakes but Carex rostrata Stokes in tarns, and between tarns and pools to be the presence or absence of a perennial outflow, which is present in tarns but not in pools. According to these criteria, most of the waters visited in this survey are tarns but a few such as Loughrigg Tarn and Little Langdale Tarn are lakes. The surface area of 800% of the waters lies between 5000 and 50 000 m2 and only four exceed 200 000 M2. As a preliminary step in grouping, the tarns were arranged according to altitude and total ionic concentration expressed in milli-equivalents per litre. Three more or less distinct groups are then apparent: (1) the high tarns, those over 275 m and low in total ions (< 0 8 m-equiv./l.), (2) the tarns of the spurs and valleys within Marr's geological boundary, those below 275 m and low in total ions (<I 10 m-equiv./l.) and (3) the outlying tarns either outside or only just inside

Topic: Aquatic Ecosystems and Phytoplankton Dynamics
Subfield: Environmental Chemistry
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences