jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
P683 Racial and ethnic disparities related to<i>neisseria gonorrhoeae</i>among U.S. military active duty service members

<h3>Background</h3> <i>Neisseria gonorrhoeae</i> is the second most common reportable infection in the United States, which if undiagnosed and untreated, can lead to severe long-term sequelae. Active duty U.S. Military service members are risk-taking young adults; however, military service offers some inherent control for social determinants often associated with increased risk of sexually-transmitted infections. Even in the absence of disparities in income and education, increased burden of disease among racial and ethnicity minorities may still exist. Herein, we describe the association between race/ethnicity and gonorrhea among active duty service members. <h3>Methods</h3> This study was conducted among symptomatic and high risk patients enrolled at military infectious disease clinics from 2012 to 2017. Outcome variables were based on nucleic acid amplification test results extracted from medical records. The magnitude of association was assessed using adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals. <h3>Results</h3> Data from 488 active duty participants were analyzed. The crude prevalence of gonorrhea and chlamydia among this clinic population was 17% and 25%, respectively. After adjusting for sex and age, non-Hispanic black service members had 3.5 times greater odds (p=0.000) and Hispanic service members had 2.9 times greater odds (p=0.009) of gonorrhea compared to non-Hispanic white service members. This phenomenon was not observed when comparing odds of chlamydia among blacks or Hispanics to whites. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Despite similarities in income and education, black and Hispanic service members still bear a disproportionate burden of gonorrhea illness. Service members of color may have unique risk factors that predispose them to gonorrhea. Findings suggest that interventions aimed at reducing gonorrhea should be targeted towards persons of color to ensure disparities in disease burden are effectively addressed. Future studies should examine sexual behaviors among black and Hispanic service members that may be contributing to increased odds of gonorrhea within the military population. <h3>Disclosure</h3> No significant relationships.

Topic: Reproductive tract infections research
Subfield: Microbiology
Field: Immunology and Microbiology
Domain: Life Sciences
Foliar Application of Nettle and Japanese Knotweed Extracts on Vitis vinifera: Consequences for Plant Physiology, Biochemical Parameters, and Yield

Climate change is expected to affect grapevine physiology, berry quality, and yield in the Douro Demarcated Region (DDR). In this study, nettle (NE) and Japanese knotweed (JKE) extracts were tested to verify their biostimulant effect on the physiological and biochemical parameters of grapevine leaves and in vine yields. In fact, some parameters were improved after foliar application of the plant extracts, namely the photosynthetic activity and consequently, the levels of photosynthetic pigments (Clb), starch, and total soluble sugars. We also observed a reduction in lipid peroxidation, which could play a crucial role in protecting cell membranes from oxidative damage induced by the climatic conditions prevalent in this region. Therefore, we confirmed that the foliar application of plant extracts, along with the enhancement of secondary metabolites and the upregulation of plant defense genes, as previously reported, resulted in the enhancement of grapevine physiology, while also increasing the yield at harvest. In the future, these plant extracts could serve as a vital tool for winegrowers in mitigating the effects of expected changes in climatic conditions.

Topic: Horticultural and Viticultural Research
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Classification: From expert to ensemble to crowd

In this paper a model of the classification task, based on the Monte Carlo theory of stochastic algorithms, is presented. The model allows different classification paradigms to be described, such as the single classifier, the ensemble, and the crowdsourcing ones. Some experimental work validates the theoretical predictions about the relatioship between the mean and variance of the classification accuracy and the number of classifiers.

Topic: Imbalanced Data Classification Techniques
Subfield: Artificial Intelligence
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
The management of teacher’s motivation in Tanzania education sector: The case of public Secondary schools in Temeke municipality

A Thesis Submitted to Mzumbe University DSM Campus College in the partial
Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Business
Administration and Cooperate Management (MBA-CM)
of Mzumbe University

Topic: Teacher Professional Development and Motivation
Subfield: Education
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
A Rare Case of Anemia Caused by Retroperitoneal Hematoma

Giriş: Enoksaparin tedavisi ile retroperitoneal kanama bildirilmiştir. Bu yazıda derin ven trombozuna bağlı enoksaparin kullanan bir hastada gelişen spontan retroperitoneal kanama tartışılmıştır.Vaka: Yetmiş altı yaşında erkek hasta halsizlik şikayeti ile acil servise başvurdu. Özgeçmişinde, hastamız yakın geçmişte derin ven trombozu için enoksaparin kullanmıştı. Fizik muayene, üst ekstremitede bilateral enoksaparin uygulanan bölgede subkutan minimal hematom dışında doğaldı. Laboratuvar testlerinde hemoglobin: 4.6 g/dl, üre: 158 mg/dl ve kreatinin 1.86 mg/dl olarak belirlendi. Abdominopelvik BT’de: sağ psoas kası komşuluğunda 4 cm derinliğe ulaşan retroperitoneal hemoraji tespit edildi. Takiplerinde TDP ve Eritrosit süspansiyonu replasmanı sonrası ek komplikasyon gelişmeyen, cerrahi tedavi ihtiyacı olmayan hasta, yatışının 17. gününde iyilik hali ile taburcu edildi.Sonuç: Enoksoparin tedavisi gören hastalar halsizlik şikayeti ile başvurduğunda anemi varlığında majör kanamalar görülebilir. Bu hastalarda kanama odağı açısından retroperitoneal kanama konusunda dikkatli olunmalıdır.

Topic: Case Reports on Hematomas
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
PTH-116 Evaluation of the d’amico clinical staging system and the albi grade for prognostication in cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma

<h3>Introduction</h3> The ability to prognosticate in both cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is vital for correct treatment decisions. For HCC, many staging systems incorporate tumour characteristics but inadequately consider underlying liver dysfunction. Therefore, models that accurately stratify the degree of liver dysfunction, may improve our understanding of its impact on survival in patients with HCC. We aimed to compare current and potential prognostication models of survival for patients with cirrhosis, and to determine their applicability in HCC patients. <h3>Method</h3> A single-centre retrospective comparative analysis of cohorts of consecutive patients diagnosed with cirrhosis alone was performed against HCC patients with background cirrhosis. The Child-Pugh score, MELD score, UKELD score, the D’Amico clinical stage of cirrhosis (D’Amico G, <i>et al</i>., J Hepatol, 2006) and the Albumin-Bilirubin (ALBI) grade – a composite model of liver function using serum bilirubin and albumin levels (Johnson PJ, <i>et al</i>., J Clin Oncol, 2015), were determined at diagnosis. The patient outcome at 1 year post diagnosis was also determined. The primary outcome was the models’ ability to predict death at 1 year. The impact of liver dysfunction on survival in patients with HCC was also evaluated. <h3>Results</h3> A total of 117 patients were included in this study (67% male, median age: 57 years). The aetiologies were ALD (52%), NASH (15%), HCV (11%), PBC (5%), HBV (2%), AIH (2%), mixed aetiology (9%) and others (5%). 75% of patients had cirrhosis alone while 25% had HCC. All the evaluated models accurately predicted death at 1 year (all with p &lt; 0.001). The risk of death was greater amongst patients with HCC (p = 0.04; OR 2.6, 95% CI: 1.1–6.3) compared to patients with cirrhosis alone, despite favourable levels of albumin (37 vs. 35 g/L, p = 0.003), bilirubin (25 vs. 87 μmol/L, p &lt; 0.0001) and prothrombin time (12 vs. 16 s, p &lt; 0.0001). D’Amico stage 3–4 also predicted a significantly increased risk of death for cirrhotic patients (p &lt; 0.0001; OR 5.7, CI: 2.4–14). <h3>Conclusion</h3> All the evaluated prognostication models performed well, though the study was limited by a small cohort of patients with HCC. Despite a better liver function, the survival of patients with HCC was inferior, suggesting that tumour biology has a greater impact overall compared to the degree of underlying liver dysfunction. However, future studies specifically looking at the impact of liver dysfunction on survival in non-surgical treatment of HCC should be considered. <h3>Disclosure of interest</h3> None Declared.

Topic: Hepatocellular Carcinoma Treatment and Prognosis
Subfield: Hepatology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Real-Space Observation of Short-Period Cubic Lattice of Skyrmions in MnGe

Three-dimensional forms of skyrmion aggregate, such as a cubic lattice of skyrmions, are anticipated to exist, yet their direct observations remain elusive. Here, we report real-space observations of spin configurations of the skyrmion-antiskyrmion cubic-lattice in MnGe with a very short period (∼3 nm) and hence endowed with the largest skyrmion number density. The skyrmion lattices parallel to the {100} atomic lattices are directly observed using high-resolution Lorentz transmission electron microscopes, simultaneously with underlying atomic-lattice fringes.

Topic: Magnetic properties of thin films
Subfield: Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Basic characteristics of polycarbonate-based dual cantilever sensors for detecting VOC

We have developed and evaluated polycarbonate (PC)-based dual cantilever sensors as part of a low-cost sensor network system for monitoring VOCs (volatile organic compounds). The PC-based dual cantilever sensor consists of a PC cantilever and a PBD (polybutadiene)-coated PC cantilever with PVDF (polyvinylidene fluoride) piezoelectric films. We began by investigating the size and mode dependences of resonant frequencies and quality factors of PC cantilevers and PBD-coated PC cantilever as output signal of PVDF piezoelectric film. Next, we examined the change of resonance frequency in the presence of VOCs vapor by setting up a resonance sensor evaluation system equipped with a dilution flow system, temperature-controlled chamber, oscillation circuit, and frequency counter. The resonant frequency of both PC cantilever and PBD-coated PC cantilever shifted significantly downward depending VOCs.

Topic: Mechanical and Optical Resonators
Subfield: Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Aerosol-Assisted Controlled Packing of Silica Nanocolloids:\nTemplateless Synthesis of Mesoporous Silicates with Structural Tunability\nand Complexity

A template-free\nsynthesis method for mesoporous and macro-/mesoporous\nhierarchically porous silicates with remarkable structural tunability\nand complexity is presented. SiO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; nanocolloids having diameters\nof 3.0–29 nm were prepared as a primary building block by using\nextended Stöber synthesis, and they were subsequently assembled\nby an aerosol-assisted drying. The silica pore structure can be rationally\ncontrolled depending on the initial diameter of SiO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; colloids\nand the aerosol-assembly temperature that determines the packing density\nof SiO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; colloids (i.e., amounts of packing defects) in\nthe resultant materials. The present method could produce mesoporous\nsilica spheres with remarkable pore-structural tunability (291 &lt;\nBET surface area &lt;807 m&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; g&lt;sup&gt;–1&lt;/sup&gt;, 0.42\n&lt; pore volume &lt;0.92 cm&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt; g&lt;sup&gt;–1&lt;/sup&gt;, 3.1\n&lt; pore size &lt;26 nm). Hierarchically porous materials can also\nbe synthesized by the evaporation-induced phase separation of solvent\nmedium during the aerosol-assisted assembly of SiO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; colloids.\nBy adding aluminum and Pt precursors into the SiO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; colloid\nsuspensions before the aerosol-assisted assembly, mesoporous aluminosilicates\nsupporting uniform Pt nanoclusters (∼2 nm) can also be synthesized.\nThis indicates that the synthesis strategy can be used for the direct\nsynthesis of functional silicate materials.

Topic: Mesoporous Materials and Catalysis
Subfield: Materials Chemistry
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Spaces for the children of the urban poor: experiences with participatory action research (PAR)

This paper explains why participatory action research (PAR) could be so important in helping the children of the urban poor, and those who work with them, generate relevant insights into their specific needs and priorities and help them influence decisions that are taken about their lives. The paper begins by discussing the problems facing children in urban areas of the South and why more participatory research approaches which work with children have come to the fore. It then describes what participatory action research is (and is not) and why researchers and the institutions that fund them have difficulty in supporting such a research approach, especially in relation to children. The paper then addresses the three main implications for researchers who want to use PAR with children: taking responsibility for the children’s needs and priorities within the research; balancing participation and mediation; and ensuring the research helps to negotiate more spaces for children in their environment and more power in their relationship with the state and society.

Topic: Participatory Visual Research Methods
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
126Clinical outcomes at two years of the Absorb BRS vs. the Xience metallic DES in patients presenting with ACS vs. stable coronary disease - AIDA trial substudy

Abstract AIMS Patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) might represent a specific subgroup, in which bioresorbable scaffold implantation in percutaneous coronary intervention, might lead to better outcomes when compared to conventional treatment. ACS patients (STE-ACS patients in particular) are generally younger, and most often have lesions with softer plaques, a lower plaque burden and less extensive coronary artery disease. In this pre-specified subgroup analysis of the AIDA trial, we evaluated the clinical outcomes of Absorb BVS versus Xience EES treated patients presenting with or without ACS. Methods and results This analysis includes the 2-year outcomes of all 1845 patients randomized in the AIDA trial subdivided by clinical presentation, a pre-specified subgroup analysis. We compared patients presenting with ACS with those presenting without ACS (ACS versus no-ACS patients). Patients presenting with ACS were further sub-categorized according to the presence or absence of ST-segment elevation at presentation (STE-ACS versus NSTE-ACS patients). Baseline status by clinical presentation was known in all patients, and 842 (45.6%) patients presented with ACS, 456 (25.2%) with STE-ACS and 377 (20.4%) with NSTE-ACS.The rate of the 2-year primary endpoint of target vessel failure (TVF) was similar after treatment with Absorb BVS or Xience EES in ACS patients (10.2% versus 9.0% respectively; p=0.49) and in no-ACS patients (11.7% versus 10.7% respectively; p=0.67) Definite or probable device thrombosis occurred more frequently with Absorb BVS compared to Xience EES in ACS patients (4.3% versus 1.7% respectively, p=0.03) as well as in no-ACS patients (2.4% versus 0.2% respectively; p=0.002). There were no statistically significant interactions between clinical presentation and randomized device modality for TVF (p=0.80) and for the endpoint of definite or probable device thrombosis (p=0.17). Conclusions In ACS patients within AIDA, we found no difference in rates of target vessel failure between the Absorb BVS and Xience EES groups. Rates of definite or definite/probable device thrombosis were higher in the Absorb BVS group throughout all clinical presentations. No significant interaction between ACS and no-ACS patients and the occurrence of TVF Acknowledgement/Funding The AIDA trial was financially supported by an unrestricted research grant from Abbott Vascular.

Topic: Health Systems, Economic Evaluations, Quality of Life
Subfield: Economics and Econometrics
Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance
Domain: Social Sciences
Immunological approach for the identification of isozymes of CAM-stimulated phosphatase.

Monoclonal antibodies are frequently used to identify protein isoforms. The present study documents certain artifacts in such applications and suggests methods for their testing. Two alpha subunit specific anti-calcineurin antibodies, VJ6 and VD3, reacted strongly with a brain isozyme, BPI, but not with the phosphatases from liver and spleen. Controlled proteolysis of BPI indicated that epitopes of both antibodies are localized to aminoterminal region, thus is suggesting that the lack of antibody reactivity could result from proteolytic artifacts. The occurrence of proteolysis during sample preparation can be monitored by including small quantity of BPI in the tissue extraction buffer. Rapid isolation procedure has been used to obtain liver and spleen isozymes reacting with VD3 but not VJ6 antibody.

Topic: Peptidase Inhibition and Analysis
Subfield: Oncology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Effect of minor harmonics on the performance of resonant harmonic filters in distribution systems

In spite of developing new methods for reducing waveform distortion in distribution systems, resonant harmonic filters (RHFs) remain the main devices for harmonic suppression. With an increase in the number of harmonic generating loads, RHFs often work at the voltage distorted by distant loads inside the supply system. Such filters are used, moreover, for harmonic suppression of not only single loads but also distributed nonlinear loads with a dense harmonic spectrum. Because of this, the load current may contain harmonics other than only those to which the filter is tuned. The voltage harmonics, as well as the current harmonics other than those to which the filter is tuned, are referred to as 'minor harmonics' in the paper. These harmonics are often magnified by RHFs. It causes a reduction of the filter effectiveness or even an increase in the waveform distortion. Factors that shape properties and performance of RHFs in distribution systems with minor harmonics are discussed. © lEE, 1997.

Topic: Power Quality and Harmonics
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
ChemInform Abstract: Perfluoroalkylation of Heterocumulenes with Trimethyl(perfluoroalkyl)silanes in the Presence of Fluoride Ions: Synthesis of Perfluoroalkanesulfinyl Amides from N‐Organylsulfinyl Amines.

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.

Topic: Fluorine in Organic Chemistry
Subfield: Pharmaceutical Science
Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics
Domain: Life Sciences
Incubation temperature as a management tool: a review

AbstractTemperature as one of the most important single physical factors determining or influencing embryo development and hatchability is reviewed and possible temperature manipulations are discussed as a management tool.Pre-incubation egg holding temperature is reviewed as a factor acting on variability in developmental stage at oviposition. A mathematical approach for determining the temperature threshold or physiological zero for embryonic development is outlined. Temperature requirements during incubation are discussed, taking into account the ultimate aims and objectives of the incubation process, i.e. hatchability and chick quality for survival, growth and reproduction, challenging at the same time the idea that the best hatchability is synonymous with the highest chick quality.Factors affecting limits of variation in incubation temperature, with particular reference to strain or line differences, are discussed.Keywords:: Incubation temperatureegg holding conditionsphysiological zerolong-term effects

Topic: Animal Nutrition and Physiology
Subfield: Animal Science and Zoology
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Increasing Diversity by a New Master's Degree in Legal Principles

Students who leave their JD program before graduation leave empty handed, without an additional degree or other credential indicating that their law school studies had any professional, educational, or marketable value. The absence of such a credential combines with the substantial risks and costs associated with law school education to discourage risk averse students from applying. The adverse impacts of these risks may be especially great for lower income students who have fewer financial resources to draw on and less information about their fit with legal education and the legal profession. I propose that law schools award a master’s degree to students who successfully complete the 1L curriculum but leave before completing the full JD curriculum. My suggested name for this degree is Master of Legal Principles (MLP). This degree option will lower the risks associated with law school enrollment as well as provide a valuable and largely-standardized employment credential. Using detailed educational data from the National Survey of College Graduates (NSCG), I show that the lack of field-specific training provided by undergraduate majors impedes learning about the likely fit of potential students with the law school curriculum and the legal profession. Using labor market data from the U.S. Department of Labor’s Occupational Information Network (O*NET), I document a wide range of occupations for which the MLP degree would be appropriate, in that these occupations draw on legal knowledge but do not require a JD degree. Without the debt associated with the full JD curriculum, those with the MLP will be positioned to provide limited legal services at a lower cost, thus increasing access to justice. The expanded degree offering of an MLP degree also will benefit law schools by attracting more, and more diverse, applicants.

Topic: Legal Education and Practice Innovations
Subfield: Law
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences