jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Interplay of Chinese Guanxi with Western job role system in private Chinese IT firms

This doctoral research project was designed to understand how Chinese interpersonal relationships, Guanxi, and Western job role system interplay to affect the coordination of work in Chinese firms. While Chinese firms have extensively introduced Western management practices, which rely on the use of formal organisational systems as formal coordination mechanisms, the cultural practices of Guanxi have constraint the management transfer. On the other hand, Guanxi often works as a relational coordination mechanism for Chinese organisations. There is a potential to integrate the Chinese relational and Western formal mechanisms for an enhanced outcome of organisational coordination. Nonetheless, there is limited empirical literature on the dynamic interplay between Chinese Guanxi and Western management practices and between the relational and formal coordination mechanisms. To reduce the literature gaps, the research conducted three case studies in private Chinese IT firms with 35 in-depth, semi-structured interviews. &#13;\n&#13;\nIt was found that the intertwining of Guanxi relationships with the formal role relations results in the formation of dense, closed within-team social networks and relatively loose cross-team social networks and the formation of a relational structure consisting of team-based Guanxi groups, Paternalistic Leadership and Senior-junior Guanxi. Moreover, it was indicated that the intra-organisational social networks, the relational structure and some particularistic rules of Guanxi interplay with the formal job role system, creating both positive and negative coordination outcomes. Finally, it was demonstrated that the three case studies achieve different coordination outcomes, which depends on whether the formal job role system curbs the negative outcomes of Guanxi or reinforces the benefits of Guanxi. Consequently, the research contributes to cross-cultural management literature with the empirical understanding on the coevolution of Chinese Guanxi and Western management practices in Chinese organisations and extend coordination literature with the empirical insights on the interplay between relational and formal coordination mechanisms.

Topic: Innovation and Knowledge Management
Subfield: Strategy and Management
Field: Business, Management and Accounting
Domain: Social Sciences
Time-Compressed Synchronization Sequence for Future Spectrally Efficient Transmission Schemes

In this paper, we propose a technique for generating a synchronization sequence for estimating time and frequency offsets for spectrum efficient transmission schemes. The synchronization sequence should have excellent auto-correlation characteristics without deteriorating the efficiency of various spectrum efficient transmission schemes. Since the columns of the discrete filter matrix obtained from the coefficients of the binomial function have a very short finite length and limit the band, the performance can be accurately estimated. In this paper, we propose a scheme for generating a sequence with excellent auto-correlation characteristics while being band-limited and, for example, verify the accuracy of the scheme.

Topic: PAPR reduction in OFDM
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Degradation of Pseudoviral DNA after Infection of Mouse Cells with Polyoma Pseudovirions

When mouse cells are infected with [ 3 H]-thymidine-labeled polyoma pseudovirions, as much as 11% of the input pseudoviral radioactivity is found in the recipient cell DNA. However, the radioactivity found in the recipient cell DNA virtually disappears when nonradioactive thymidine and deoxycytidine, or D-arabinosyl cytosine, are added to the medium. The radioactivity found in the recipient cell DNA appears to be the result of the breakdown of pseudoviral DNA to precursors of DNA and the utilization of these precursors for the synthesis of cell DNA.

Topic: Polyomavirus and related diseases
Subfield: Oncology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Computer simulations of dense molecular fluids

Molecular dynamics simulations are reported for ensembles of several models of homonuclear diatomic molecules. The systems were studied all at a single phase point (i.e. at a single value of reduced temperature and density), but with potential functions that varied primarily by changing the strength of the quadrupolar part of the intermolecular interaction. Both translational and rotational motions of single molecules were studied, either by calculation of the autocorrelation functions for velocity or orientation or of the distributions of atomic or molecular displacements. It is shown that the simulations of orientational correlation functions do not correspond well to the predictions of any of the better-known models for reorientation in fluids. It is argued that theories in which the mean square forces and torques play a prominent role should give a better description of these systems than binary collision approaches.

Topic: Phase Equilibria and Thermodynamics
Subfield: Biomedical Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
A survey on prevalence and risk factors of <i>Varroasis</i> in West Azerbaijan, Iran

Varroa destructor is considered one of the major threats for apiculture worldwide. The present study was designed to identify risk factors associated with V. destructor occurrence in West Azerbaijan, Iran. During autumn 2016, data on general apiary traits, occurrence of Varroasis, management practices, and treatment procedures were recorded in 174 apiaries using a questionnaire in a cross-sectional study. In total, 74% of apiaries reported infestation with varroa mites. Based on results of logistic regression models, management by semi-experienced (5–10 years) and experienced (>10 years) beekeepers (odds ratio (OR) = 0.058, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.008–0.413, p = 0.004, and OR = 0.048, 95% CI = 0.010–0.225, p < 0.0001, respectively), using a guard wall (OR = 0.0928, 95% CI = 0.333–0.258, p < 0.0001) and located in >6 km distance to cities and/or motorways (OR = 0.280, 95% CI = 0.084–0.934, p = 0.038), were found to decrease the risk of varroa infestation. Apiaries using traditional hives were associated with increased risk of varroa infestation compared to modern hives (OR = 5.346, 95% CI = 1.614–17.698, p = 0.006). Anti-varroa treatments were applied in 95% of the studied apiaries. Synthetic acaricides such as fluvalinate, flumethrin, and amitraz showed a better anti-varroa effect when used in combination with organic acaricides such as thymol and formic acid (p < 0.05). Continued epidemiological studies are recommended for final control of disease.

Topic: Insect and Pesticide Research
Subfield: Insect Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Clonal Dominance Patterns of CD8 T Cells in Relation to Disease Progression in HIV-Infected Children

Abstract CD8 T cells are important mediators of cellular immune responses as evidenced by clonal expansions in the CD8 TCR Vβ repertoire during primary HIV infection in adults. This study investigated the CD8 TCR Vβ repertoire by complementarity-determining region 3 length analysis using multiplex PCR in purified peripheral blood CD8 T cells of 22 HIV-infected children (age range was 0.75–15 yr, mean was 8.2 ± 4.1 yr). Evidence of clonal dominance in one or more Vβ families was obtained in 15 of 22 children. The patterns of clonal dominance were designated as major, minor, single, and none to indicate the involvement of three or more, two, one, or no Vβ families, respectively. A pattern of major or minor clonal dominance was observed in 12 children (group 1), whereas 10 children had single or no clonal dominance (group 2). In comparison with group 2, the children in group 1 had a higher percentage of CD4 cells (28.3 ± 11.6 vs 8.6 ± 4.8, p &amp;lt; 0.001); a higher stimulation index in lymphoproliferative responses to Candida (92.0 ± 59.5 vs 12.3 ± 14.4, p = 0.002), tetanus (76.3 ± 51.2 vs 11.2 ± 12.7, p = 0.002), and alloantigens (178.3 ± 298.9 vs 32.9 ± 35.2, p &amp;lt; 0.001); and a lower percentage of CD8+HLA-DR+CD38+ cells (37.4 ± 13.1 vs 54.6 ± 14.2, p &amp;lt; 0.01). The number of dominant CD8 T cell clones was significantly correlated with the percentage of CD4 T cells (r = 0.669, p &amp;lt; 0.001) but not with plasma HIV RNA. Compared with group 1, patients in group 2 had a 4.8 times greater probability of having &amp;lt;15% CD4 cells. These findings indicate that CD8 clonal dominance in HIV-infected children reflects robustness of immune responses, regardless of time since infection and virus load.

Topic: HIV Research and Treatment
Subfield: Virology
Field: Immunology and Microbiology
Domain: Life Sciences
Maternal Urinary Dialkylphosphate Metabolites of Organophosphorus Insecticides in a Pilot Birth Cohort in Thailand: The SAWASDEE Study

Female agricultural workers in Northern Thailand are exposed to higher levels of pesticides. Exposures experienced by these women before and during pregnancy may lead to neurodevelopmental delays in their offspring. Our objective was to recruit fifty Thai female agricultural workers and evaluate their pesticide exposures during pregnancy through measurement of urinary levels of dialkylphosphates, metabolites of organophosphorus insecticides, which are commonly used in Northern Thailand. Fifty-six pregnant women in Chiang Mai Province in Northern Thailand were recruited for this study during their first and second trimesters of pregnancy. Spot urine samples were collected from participants during each prenatal visit with individual participants supplying a minimum of five and as many as thirteen samples. The urine samples were analyzed at an internationally certified laboratory in Thailand for dialkylphosphates using gas chromatography and nitrogen-phosphorus detection. Summed total dialkylphosphates averaged 374.0 nmol/L over the 56 women, but with substantial between-woman variability (sd = 394.8 nmol/L). Similar values (332.3 ± 384.0 nmol/L ) were observed for summed diethyl alkylphosphates. Summed dimethyl alkylphosphates were substantially lower averaging 41.7 ± 66.6 nmol/L. Estimating samples size needed to estimate the mean within 50% for the various measures ranged from about 2 samples to about 10 samples, assuming log-normal distributions. Analyses also indicate statistically significant variability across seasons and between pregnancy trimesters each accounting for approximately 2% of the variance in summed total dialkylphosphates However, inter-individual variability dominates overall, accounting for approximately 20-25% of the total variance in the summed urinary concentrations. Models including inter-individual variability, seasonal variability, and trimester variability indicate that each of these variables is significant, even when accounting for the others.

Topic: Pesticide Exposure and Toxicity
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
A spectroscopic study of the X-ray binary V1727 Cygni

Time-resolved high-resolution spectroscopy is used to study the binary X-ray source V1727 Cyg (=4U2129+47). The He II 4686 emission line has a double-peaked line profile, a strong S-wave distortion, and distinctive eclipse behavior–features suggesting that the line is formed in an accretion disc around the compact object. Hβ absorption and a sharp emission component at N III 4640 arise on the heated face of companion star. The radial velocities of the lines, the duration of the X-ray eclipse, and the separation of the He II emission peaks constrain the masses at |$0.6\pm 0.2\,{M}_{\odot}$| for the compact star and |$0.4\pm 0.2\,{M}_{\odot}$| for the companion. If the compact component is a neutron star, as seems probable from the X-ray luminosity, its derived mass is significantly lower than previously determined neutron star masses.

Topic: Astrophysical Phenomena and Observations
Subfield: Astronomy and Astrophysics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Prognostic significance of volume-based 18F-FDG PET/CT parameters and correlation with PD-L1 expression in patients with surgically resected lung adenocarcinoma

Abstract The aim of this study was to retrospectively analyze 18 F-FDG positron emission tomography/computed tomography ( 18 F-FDG PET/CT) metabolic variables, programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) and phosphorylated signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (p-STAT3) tumor expression, and other factors as predictors of disease-free survival (DFS) in patients with lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) (stage IA–IIIA) who underwent surgical resection. We still lack predictor of immune checkpoint (programmed cell death-1 [PD-1]/PD-L1) inhibitors. Herein, we investigated the correlation between metabolic parameters from 18 F-FDG PET/CT and PD-L1 expression in patients with surgically resected LUAD. Seventy-four patients who underwent 18 F-FDG PET/CT prior to treatment were consecutively enrolled. The main 18 F-FDG PET/CT-derived variables were primary tumor maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax), metabolic tumor volume (MTV), and total lesion glycolysis (TLG). Surgical tumor specimens were analyzed for PD-L1 and p-STAT3 expression using immunohistochemistry. Correlations between immunohistochemistry results and 18 F-FDG PET/CT-derived variables were compared. Associations of PD-L1 and p-STAT3 tumor expression, 18 F-FDG PET/CT-derived variables, and other factors with DFS in resected LUAD were evaluated. All tumors were FDG-avid. The cutoff values of low and high SUVmax, MTV, and TLG were 12.60, 14.87, and 90.85, respectively. The results indicated that TNM stage, PD-L1 positivity, and high 18 F-FDG PET/CT metabolic volume parameters (TLG ≥90.85 or MTV ≥14.87) were independent predictors of worse DFS in resected LUAD. No 18 F-FDG metabolic parameters associated with PD-L1 expression were observed (chi-square test), but we found that patients with positive PD-L1 expression have significantly higher SUVmax ( P = .01), MTV ( P = .00), and TLG ( P = .00) than patients with negative PD-L1 expression. 18 F-FDG PET/CT metabolic volume parameters (TLG ≥90.85 or MTV ≥14.87) were more helpful in prognostication than the conventional parameter (SUVmax), PD-L1 expression was an independent predictor of DFS in patients with resected LUAD. Metabolic parameters on 18 F-FDG PET/CT have a potential role for 18 F-FDG PET/CT in selecting candidate LUAD for treatment with checkpoint inhibitors.

Topic: Lung Cancer Treatments and Mutations
Subfield: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Identification of waterflooded zones and the impact of waterflooding on reservoir properties of the Funing Formation in the Subei Basin, China

This paper describes the identification of waterflooded zones and the impact of waterflooding on reservoir properties of sandstones of the Funing Formation at the Gao 6 Fault-block of the Gaoji Oilfield, in the Subei Basin, east China. This work presents a new approach based on a back-propagation neural network using well log data to train the network, and then generating a cross-plot plate to identify waterflooded zones. A neural network was designed and trained, and the results show that the new method is better than traditional methods. For a comparative study, two representative wells at the Gao 6 Fault-block were chosen for analysis: one from a waterflooded zone, and the other from a zone without waterflooding. Results from this analysis were used to develop a better understanding of the impact of waterflooding on reservoir properties. A range of changes are shown to have taken place in the waterflooded zone, including changes in microscopic pore structure, fluids, and minerals.

Topic: Hydrocarbon exploration and reservoir analysis
Subfield: Mechanics of Materials
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
An experimental study on optical properties of rat viscera after perfusion

The experimental results show that after perfusion 1)absorption ratio curve of the segmented intestine and the stomach have the same changing thendency.There is the absorption peak at the wavelength 260nm,420nm and 540nm which is absorption peak of human blood; 2)the reflectance curve of the segmented intestine and the stomach after perfusion have the same changing tendency; 3)the reflectance,transmittance and absorption ration curve and the blood absorption peak of the segmented intestine after perfusion is not too steep and clearer than that of the other rich blood-feeding viscera; 4)To absorption ration of the segmented intestine,an obvious effect or change is produced by perfusion.

Topic: Spectroscopy Techniques in Biomedical and Chemical Research
Subfield: Biophysics
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Playtesting The Digital Playground

Being able to be absorbed in play in the digital playground is motivating for children who are used digital computer games. The children can play and exercise outdoors while using the same literacy as in indoor digital games. This paper presents a new playground product where an outdoor playground has been combined with digital games. The playground was tested in natural surroundings in a school yard and the findings about the interplay between digital and analog play are described here. Finally balancing in digital and analog games is discussed.

Topic: Digital Games and Media
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
A Forecasting and Decision Model for Successful Service Negotiation

Future e-business models will rely on electronic contracts which are agreed dynamically and adaptively by web services. Thus, the automatic negotiation of Service Level Agreements (SLAs) between consumers and providers is key for enabling service-based value chains. The process of finding appropriate providers for web services seems to be simple. Consumers contact several providers and take the provider which offers the best matching SLA. However, currently consumers are not able forecasting the probability of finding a matching provider for their requested SLA. So consumers contact several providers and check if their offers are matching. In case of continuing faults, on the one hand consumers may adapt their Service Level Objects (SLOs) of the required SLA or on the other hand simply accept offered SLAs of the contacted providers. Thus, this paper proposes an analytical forecast model, which allows consumers to get an assessment of the probability to find matching providers. Additionally, we present an optimization algorithm based on the forecast results, which allows adapting the SLO parameter ranges in order to find at least one matching provider. Not only consumers, but also providers can use this forecast model to predict the prospective demand. So providers are able to assess the number of potential consumers based on their offers too. Justification of our approach is done by simulation of practical examples checking our theoretical findings.

Topic: Service-Oriented Architecture and Web Services
Subfield: Information Systems
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
OP09.07: Pathogenic chromosomal findings in fetuses with cleft lip ± palate: a 10‐year‐long observational study

The main objective of this study is to assess the prevalence of chromosomal abnormalities in fetuses with cleft lip (CL) and cleft lip and palate (CLP). Secondary objectives were to study the prevalence of chromosomal abnormalities in a) isolated CL/CLP and those with associated anomalies; b) CL versus CLP; c) unilateral, bilateral or central CL/CLP. This is an observational single cohort study between 2010 and 2020. The study population were fetuses diagnosed with CL or CLP, and those without chromosomal study were excluded from the analysis. The chromosomal study included QF-PCR, karyotype and/or array. The result was classified as normal, variant of uncertain significance (VUS) or pathogenic. Risk factors associated with pathogenic results were analysed by logistic regression analysis. 134 fetuses were included for the analysis. In 31 (23.1%) fetuses, pathogenic chromosomal abnormalities were identified, in 3 (2.2%) cases non-pathogenic findings (2 cases of VUS and 1 case of balanced translocation from paternal origin), and in 100 (74.6%), the result was normal. In 78 (58.2%) fetuses, the defect was isolated, and from these, one (1.3%) had a pathogenic copy number variant (CNV), 3 (3.8%) a non-pathogenic finding, and 74 (94.9%) a normal result. In 30 (54%) of the 56 cases with associated anomalies, the result was pathogenic and 26 (46%) were normal. Within the isolated cases, 66 were unilateral (1 pathogenic, 3 VUS and 62 normal), 10 bilateral (10 normal), and 2 central (2 normal). 10 were CL cases (1 VUS and 9 normal), and 68 were CLP (1 pathogenic, 12 VUS and 65 normal). Logistic regression analysis showed that the absence of other abnormalities (isolated CL/CLP) reduced the risk for chromosomal abnormalities (OR 0.011, 95% CI 0.001 to 0.057, p < 0.001), but not laterality (p = 0.189), or CL/CLP (p = 0.170). Overall, 23% of CL/CLP are associated with pathogenic chromosomal abnormalities. The absence of additional fetal abnormalities reduces this risk to 1%.

Topic: Cleft Lip and Palate Research
Subfield: Genetics
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Scientific Opinion on the re-evaluation of Green S (E 142) as a food additive

The Panel on Food Additives and Nutrient Sources added to Food provides a scientific opinion re-evaluating the safety of Green S (E 142). Green S is a triarylmethane dye authorised as a food additive in the EU. Green S has been previously evaluated by the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA) in 1970 and 1975, and the EU Scientific Committee on Food (SCF) in 1984. JECFA has established a Temporary ADI of 25 mg/kg bw/day in 1970 but withdrew it in 1975. Up till now JECFA has not allocated an ADI to Green S. The SCF has established an ADI of 5 mg/kg bw/day. The Panel considered that the present dataset on the absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion, subchronic, reproductive, developmental and long-term toxicity and carcinogenicity do not give reason to revise the ADI of 5 mg/kg bw/day allocated by the SCF in 1984. For Green S, the lack of adequate genotoxicity data is balanced by the negative results from carcinogenicity and reproductive toxicity studies. The Panel noted that the issue whether lacking genotoxicity data could be balanced by carcinogenicity and reproductive toxicity studies is currently a matter of discussion in the Scientific Committee. The Panel concluded that at the maximum levels of use of Green S, intake estimates for children at the high percentiles (95th/97.5th) are above the ADI of 5 mg/kg bw/day at Tier 2, but not at the refined intake estimate at Tier 3. The Panel noted that the ADI for adults is not exceeded at Tier 2 and 3.

Topic: Dye analysis and toxicity
Subfield: Analytical Chemistry
Field: Chemistry
Domain: Physical Sciences