jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Reconfigurable modular soft robots with modulating stiffness and versatile task capabilities

Abstract Soft robots have revolutionized machine interactions with humans and the environment to enable safe operations. The fixed morphology of these soft robots dictates their mechanical performance, including strength and stiffness, which limits their task range and applications. Proposed here are modular, reconfigurable soft robots with the capabilities of changing their morphology and adjusting their stiffness to perform versatile object handling and planar or spatial operational tasks. The reconfiguration and tunable interconnectivity between the elemental soft, pneumatically driven actuation units is made possible through integrated permanent magnets with coils. The proposed concept of attaching/detaching actuators enables these robots to be easily rearranged in various configurations to change the morphology of the system. While the potential for these actuators allows for arbitrary reconfiguration through parallel or serial connection on their four sides, we demonstrate here a configuration called ManusBot. ManusBot is a hand-like structure with digits and palm capable of individual actuation. The capabilities of this system are demonstrated through specific examples of stiffness modulation, variable payload capacity, and structure forming for enhanced and versatile object manipulation and operations. The proposed modular, soft robotic system with interconnecting capabilities significantly expands the versatility of operational tasks as well as the adaptability of handling objects of various shapes, sizes, and weights using a single system.

Topic: Soft Robotics and Applications
Subfield: Biomedical Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
MPI-PhT/96-23 UNIGRAZ-UTP-03-04-96 hep-lat/9604002 Lattice Regularization of the Chiral Schwinger Model

We analyze the chiral Schwinger model on an infinite lattice using the continuum definition of the fermion determinant and a linear interpolation of the lattice gauge fields. For non-compact and Wilson formulation of the gauge field action it is proven that the effective lattice model is Osterwalder-Schrader positive, which is a sufficient condition for the reconstruction of a physical Hilbert space from the model defined on a Euclidean lattice. For the non-compact model we furthermore establish the existence of critical points where the corresponding continuum theory can be reconstructed. We show that the continuum limit for the two-point functions of field strength and chiral densities can be controlled analytically. The article ends with some remarks on fermionic observables. PACS number: 11.15.H

Topic: Hernia repair and management
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Seismic Displacement Demand of a Mid-Rise RC Building Considering Soil Structure Interaction

This study aims to evaluate the effect of soil structure interaction and the differences in linear and nonlinear modelling of the structure on seismic response. For this purpose, SSI and fixed base models of 7-story building were used. Both linear and nonlinear behavior of the building are taken into account for comparison.&#13;\nThe findings obviously indicate large variation in displacement demands depending on ground motion record, soil type, consideration of soil structure interaction and linear and nonlinear structure modelling. The displacement demands tend to increase for softer soils except few cases, especially for fixed base models. Significant differences are obvious for linear and nonlinear building models of fixed base case. The evaluation of obtained results and observations in the current study clearly indicate that the effects of SSI approach depend on dynamic characteristics of soil and structure. While soil deformations influence the seismic demands of structure in positive way for linear models, these effects are more complex for nonlinear models. It is difficult to mention about certain trend for nonlinear models. It should be also kept in mind that linear fixed base models are inappropriate for dynamic analysis due to high sensitivity of dynamic amplification and the use of fixed base linear models may cause inaccurate seismic demand estimates.&#13;\nThe outcomes and observations emphasize that the demand estimates are independent from the fixed base or SSI approaches and linear or nonlinear models for stiffer soils. All combinations provide reasonable demand estimates. However, the modelling approach becomes extremely important for softer soils. The best approach seems to be SSI with nonlinear modelling. The fixed base with nonlinear modelling also provides acceptable estimates.

Topic: Geotechnical Engineering and Soil Stabilization
Subfield: Civil and Structural Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Optimal allocation of channels in an alternate route communication network [Comments on]

Recently, it has been reported that the Hakimi Theorem, quoted as Theorem 1 in the above named-paper (ibid., vol. CS-12 pp. 185-190, June 1964), does not hold in the general case. The theorem, however, is still true in so-called bi-path networks discussed by D.T. Tang (1964). In case of bi-path networks, the argument in the original paper is sound. However, in general networks, some modifxation must be made. In that case, a more fundamental relation can be readily derived from the definition of branch capacity. The commentor derives a new expression that should be used in place of (6) in the original paper Consequently, Theorem 2 of the original work should be changed as noted herein. A more detailed treatment of the problem is found in Ling et al. (Inst. Elect. Commun. Engrs. Japan, vol. 48, pp. 40-48, January 1965 (in Japanese), to be translated into English and published by the IEEE in Electronics and Communzeataons an Japan).

Topic: Interconnection Networks and Systems
Subfield: Computer Networks and Communications
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Inhibitory action of dopamine on cat carotid chemoreceptors.

1. The influence of some drugs which affect the dopaminergic system was studied on chemosensory responses to dopamine (DA), acetylcholine (ACh), sodium cyanide NaCN) and hypoxia during experiments on pentobarbitone anaesthetized cats in which chemoreceptor activity was recorded from the peripheral end of a sectioned sinus nerve. 2. Spontaneous chemosensory activity was inhibited in a dose‐dependent manner by DA (0.5‐5 microgram, I.A.). Higher doses (10‐50 microgram) caused a delayed increase in discharge and were associated with inconsistent inhibitory responses. 3. The DA antagonist alpha‐flupenthixol (0.2 mg/kg, I.A.) blocked the inhibitory response to DA without affecting either the spontaneous discharge frequency or the response to ACh. The effect of NaCN was potentiated, and during hypoxia chemoreceptor activity increased more rapidly, although the maximum frequency attained was not appreciably different from control values. Similar results were obtained with haloperidol (0.5 and 1.0 mg/kg, I.V.). 4. Higher doses of alpha‐flupenthixol (0.5‐1.0 mg/kg, I.A.) increased spontaneous chemoreceptor activity, but this was regarded as a non‐specific effect of the drug since at these doses the inhibitory effect of 5‐hydroxytryptamine (5‐HT) was also abolished. 5. The animals were exposed to alternate periods of hypoxia and hyperoxia following administration of the tyrosine hydroxylase inhibitor alpha‐methyl p‐tyrosine (AMPT, 0.2‐10 mg/kg, I.A.). The inhibitory response previously evoked by amphetamine was abolished, and electron microscopic studies showed a great reduction in the number of dense‐cored granules, both of which suggested that DA levels in the carotid body had been substantially reduced. Responses to NaCN and hypoxia were slightly potentiated following AMPT, but neither spontaneous activity nor the response to ACh was affected. 6. Apomorphine (0.05‐0.2 mg/kg, I.A.) inhibited the chemoreceptor discharge for up to 45 min, an effect which was antagonized by alpha‐flupenthixol (0.2 mg/kg, I.A.), implying it resulted from DA receptor stimulation. Although responses to NaCN, hypoxia and higher doses of ACh were reduced following administration of apomorphine, the reduction was not very marked. 7. These results are not compatible with the theory of Osborne &amp; Butler (1975), that in normoxia DA is tonically released in the carotid body and suppresses spontaneous chemosensory activity. 8. It is concluded that DA modulates chemosensory activity by influencing the rate of increase in discharge, without affecting maximum discharge frequency. The mechanism whereby DA is released in response to increased chemosensory activity remains to be established.

Topic: Biochemical Analysis and Sensing Techniques
Subfield: Nutrition and Dietetics
Field: Nursing
Domain: Health Sciences
Supplemental Table 3 from An Immunogenetic Signature of Ongoing Antigen Interactions in Splenic Marginal Zone Lymphoma Expressing IGHV1-2*04 Receptors

&lt;p&gt;IGK/L rearrangements'intraclonal diversification characteristics. Counts, distribution, hotspot targeting of confirmed/unconfirmed mutations and respective amino acid changes across gene groups and IGLV subregions.&lt;/p&gt;

Topic: Immune Cell Function and Interaction
Subfield: Immunology
Field: Immunology and Microbiology
Domain: Life Sciences
DyPERS: Dynamic Personal Enhanced Reality System

DyPERS, &amp;apos;Dynamic Personal Enhanced Reality System&amp;apos;, is a wearable system which uses augmented reality and computer vision to autonomously retrieve &amp;apos;media memories&amp;apos; based on associations with real objects the user encounters. These are evoked as audio and video clips taken by the user and overlayed on top of real objects the user looks at. The user&amp;apos;s visual and auditory scene is stored in real-time by the system (upon request) and is then associated (by user input) with a snap shot of a visual object. The object acts as a key which is detected by a real-time vision system when it is in view, triggering DyPERS to playback the appropriate audio-visual sequence. The vision system is a probabilistic algorithm which is capable of discriminating between hundreds of everyday objects under varying viewing conditions (lighting, pose, etc.). The record-and-associate paradigm of the system has many potential applications. Results on the use of the system in a museum tour scenario are described.

Topic: Augmented Reality Applications
Subfield: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Modularly Integrated Photonic Switches for Metro Core and Access Network for 5G Applications

We report the PASSION approach for the implementation photonic switching modules in the metro core and access networks for 5G application. Multi-degree switching ROADM nodes are used at the metro-core level, while access network is constituted by low-cost 2-degree ROADM nodes. PIC design for Wavelength selective switches and Multi-cast switches used in the metro-core network is presented. Two integration approaches i.e. monolithic on InP and hybrid integration of SiPh with InP dies are followed to enable low loss switching. Experimental results show error-free operation with &lt;; 1.3 dB penalty at 10 Gbps NRZ-data.

Topic: Photonic and Optical Devices
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Development of Simulator for Power Estimation in LCD Panels Using A Method of Regression Model

we present a technique of power estimation for LCD panels using regression model. We extract and model two different power sources in LCD panels, those are gray-scale power and additional power of parasitic capacitors for charge sharing effect with inversion scheme. To model the power source, we use curve fitting and approximation. The results of proposed technique show that an average accuracy of estimation is above 98%.

Topic: Color Science and Applications
Subfield: Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Transversal communication, diaspora, and the Euro-Kurds

Abstract The International Relations discipline (IR) has been uniquely resistant to practices and knowledges aimed at broadening the horizons of IR’s subjects. The discipline has worked to incarcerate its subjects in a location of analysis – spatially Cartesian and politically state-oriented – conditioned to ignore the transnational and transversal formations that have become central to politics. However, this disciplining has also engendered counter-movements pressuring the well-rehearsed disciplinary horizons. This article explores such movements through the Kurdish diaspora in Europe. It regards Kurdish diasporic formations as transversal practices that communicate against the disciplinary boundaries imposed upon the political imagination through traditional IR.

Topic: Turkey's Politics and Society
Subfield: Political Science and International Relations
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Feasible production of hydrogen from methanol reforming through single stage DC microplasma reactor

Plasma-assisted methanol reforming is an effective technology to produce hydrogen for various clean energy applications. In this study, hydrogen was produced from methanol reforming in a unique single stage microplasma reactor. Microplasma was produced between the capillary stainless steel tube electrodes by using high voltage direct current (DC) power supply. Blend of methanol and water was supplied to the microplasma reactor in a controlled flow rate using nitrogen as carrier gas. The effects of applied input power to the discharge and methanol feed rate on the performance of the plasma methanol decomposition were investigated. The experimental results showed that increasing the applied input power expressively increased the methanol conversion and hydrogen energy yield. In contrast, the increased feed rate significantly decreased the methanol conversion efficiency though it enriched the hydrogen energy yield. Under selective conditions, hydrogen energy yield of 24.14 g kW[Formula: see text] h[Formula: see text] was achieved with the conversion efficiency of 71% and 50% selectivity for H 2 , which is comparatively better than many of plasma-assisted methanol reforming processes. This investigation reveals that methanol reforming through a single stage microplasma reactor has the ability to produce hydrogen efficiently without coke formation at room-temperature and atmospheric pressure.

Topic: Plasma Applications and Diagnostics
Subfield: Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Prediction of the Functional Status of the Cochlear Nerve in Individual Cochlear Implant Users Using Machine Learning and Electrophysiological Measures

Objectives: This study aimed to create an objective predictive model for assessing the functional status of the cochlear nerve (CN) in individual cochlear implant (CI) users. Design: Study participants included 23 children with cochlear nerve deficiency (CND), 29 children with normal-sized CNs (NSCNs), and 20 adults with various etiologies of hearing loss. Eight participants were bilateral CI users and were tested in both ears. As a result, a total of 80 ears were tested in this study. All participants used Cochlear Nucleus CIs in their test ears. For each participant, the CN refractory recovery function and input/output (I/O) function were measured using electrophysiological measures of the electrically evoked compound action potential (eCAP) at three electrode sites across the electrode array. Refractory recovery time constants were estimated using statistical modeling with an exponential decay function. Slopes of I/O functions were estimated using linear regression. The eCAP parameters used as input variables in the predictive model were absolute refractory recovery time estimated based on the refractory recovery function, eCAP threshold, slope of the eCAP I/O function, and negative-peak (i.e., N1) latency. The output variable of the predictive model was CN index, an indicator for the functional status of the CN. Predictive models were created by performing linear regression, support vector machine regression, and logistic regression with eCAP parameters from children with CND and the children with NSCNs. One-way analysis of variance with post hoc analysis with Tukey’s honest significant difference criterion was used to compare study variables among study groups. Results: All three machine learning algorithms created two distinct distributions of CN indices for children with CND and children with NSCNs. Variations in CN index when calculated using different machine learning techniques were observed for adult CI users. Regardless of these variations, CN indices calculated using all three techniques in adult CI users were significantly correlated with Consonant–Nucleus–Consonant word and AzBio sentence scores measured in quiet. The five oldest CI users had smaller CN indices than the five youngest CI users in this study. Conclusions: The functional status of the CN for individual CI users was estimated by our newly developed analytical models. Model predictions of CN function for individual adult CI users were positively and significantly correlated with speech perception performance. The models presented in this study may be useful for understanding and/or predicting CI outcomes for individual patients.

Topic: Hearing Loss and Rehabilitation
Subfield: Cognitive Neuroscience
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences
The Role of Cultural Factors in Paranoid Psychosis Among the Yoruba Tribe

It is certainly noteworthy that, during the last few decades, whatever the contributory forces, more and more emphasis is being placed on the contention that man is a social being and that his individuality as a person is meaningful only in terms of his relations with others. Mead (1947) has shown that man as a social being is subjected “throughout his entire individual existence to systematic cultural pressures” which reinforce or intensify, elaborate or suppress his psycho-biological potentialities in a way which not only refutes the false belief in the uniformity of human behaviour but reveals also its most extreme types.

Topic: Community Health and Development
Subfield: General Health Professions
Field: Health Professions
Domain: Health Sciences
The Experimental Investigation of a New Panel Design for Thermoelectric Power Generation to Maximize Output Power Using Solar Radiation

It is well established that renewable energy resources for electricity generation are free. In hot areas, solar energy has become one of the major interests of researchers and specialists. This paper aims to experimentally investigate the maximum voltage generation of a thermoelectric generator (TEG) panel. This panel was built from many TEG modules that are connected in series and in parallel. The panel was exposed to high heat due to solar radiation during summer, either directly or through a Fresnel lens. The other side of the TEG panel was cooled using tap water that was passed through aluminum heat exchangers in an active cooling method. It was found that the maximum open-circuit voltage of this TEG panel using a Fresnel lens was 9.35 V. With no lens, it was 11.75 V at 14:00 h local time. The experiments were done during a sunny July period in Iraq.

Topic: Advanced Thermoelectric Materials and Devices
Subfield: Materials Chemistry
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Clinical outcomes and emergence of resistance of <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> infections treated with ceftolozane-tazobactam versus ceftazidime-avibactam

ABSTRACT Few studies compare outcomes of patients with difficult-to-treat resistance (DTR) Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections treated with ceftolozane-tazobactam versus ceftazidime-avibactam. A multicenter prospective study was conducted of unique patients with DTR P. aeruginosa infections from 2018 to 2023 receiving &gt;72 h of ceftolozane-tazobactam or ceftazidime-avibactam, with confirmation that the P. aeruginosa isolate was susceptible to the agent administered by broth microdilution. Inverse probability weighting (IPW) incorporating propensity scores was utilized to ensure balanced baseline characteristics. Regression performed on the post-IPW group determined 30-day mortality and subsequent emergence of resistance (i.e., ≥4-fold increase in MIC) to the initial treatment (i.e., ceftolozane-tazobactam or ceftazidime-avibactam). Among 186 eligible patients, 102 (55%) received ceftolozane-tazobactam and 84 (45%) received ceftazidime-avibactam. In the post-IPW cohort, balance was achieved across all variables [e.g., demographics, severity of illness, severe immunocompromise, Charlson Comorbidity Index ≥5, continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT), source of infection, combination therapy]. Thirty-day mortality was similar between the ceftolozane-tazobactam and ceftazidime-avibactam groups [21% vs 17%; adjusted odds ratio (aOR): 1.01 (95% confidence interval, CI: 0.90–1.14)]. Emergence of resistance was higher in the ceftolozane-tazobactam group [38% vs 25%; aOR: 1.89 (95% CI: 0.98–4.88)], but did not achieve statistical significance. Prolonged treatment durations and use of CRRT were associated with increased emergence of resistance (both P = 0.04). Although the survival of patients with DTR P. aeruginosa infections appears similar regardless of whether ceftolozane-tazobactam or ceftazidime-avibactam is prescribed, the emergence of resistance may be more concerning with the former. Plausible mechanistic explanations support these findings. Modifiable risk factors were identified that may mitigate this risk.

Topic: Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria
Subfield: Molecular Medicine
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Per se performance revealed exploitable variability for nutritional quality and yield traits in chilli (Capsicum annuum L.) germplasm

To assess per se performance, thirty-six genotypes along with 4 checks were investigated in a RBD in Kharif, 2019 at ICAR-NBPGR Regional Station, Hyderabad, Telangana state.The analysis of variance for quality and yield characters revealed significant genetic variations among 40 genotypes for 10 traits in the current investigation.The result of the mean performance of forty genotypes for ten traits revealed that EC-596940 was best in performance for mean fruit weight (13.30g), per plant fruit yield (0.439 kg) and per hectare fruit yield (21933.3 kg).Genotype IC-561670 had performed superior for ascorbic acid (134.01 mg/100g).High capsanthin content (358.67ASTA units) in genotype IC-208534 and maximum chlorophyll content (2.32 %) in EC-628901 were registered.Genotype IC-561673 was found superior for capsaicin content (0.58%).Three genotypes, viz., EC-596940, IC-278055, and IC-561614 were found to be best and promising based on their per se performances for yield and its attributing traits.Genotypes, IC-561670, IC-561614, EC-628901, IC-528876, IC-208534, EC-402105, IC-561673 and IC-561619 were identified as promising ones for four quality parameters.Hence, these identified chilli genotypes can be released for commercial cultivation for the farmers after multi-location trials and over varied seasons.

Topic: Agricultural Practices and Plant Genetics
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences