jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Development of Long-Term Forecast Energy Balances in the Power System of Siberia

The article discusses the features of the development of long-term energy balances in the interconnected power system of Siberia (IPS). The main feature of the IPS of Siberia is a high proportion of hydro power plants and, as a result, a strong dependence of electricity generation on natural fluctuations in water inflow into reservoirs. In the power output of the HPPs of the Angara-Yenisei cascade, depending on the water availability conditions, the deviation from the long-term average values can be up to 30% or 31 ÷ 36 billion kWh per year. The development of long-term energy balances and an increase in the efficiency of the operation modes of the HPPs of the Angara-Yenisei cascade makes it possible to identify in advance possible risks in the operation of the water management system of the Angara-Yenisei basin and the unified energy system of Siberia, thereby ensuring a more balanced operation of the power system as a whole.

Topic: Industrial Engineering and Technologies
Subfield: Mechanical Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
LHD Magnetics3lab1 #88594.1

Magnetic measurements for estimating global parameters and for magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) study to introduce diamagnetic flux measurement and MHD mode analysis. Various types of magnetic sensors are used; Rogowski coils and magnetic probes inside and ourside the LHD vacuum vessel.

Topic: Elder Abuse and Neglect
Subfield: Demography
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
A Nonlinear Renewal Theory

Let $T$ be the first time that a perturbed random walk crosses a nonlinear boundary. This paper concerns the approximations of the distribution of the excess over the boundary, the expected stopping time $ET$ and the variance of the stopping time $\\operatorname{Var}(T)$. Expansions are obtained by using linear renewal theorems with varying drift.

Topic: Stochastic processes and statistical mechanics
Subfield: Mathematical Physics
Field: Mathematics
Domain: Physical Sciences
Franco and Hitler: Spain, Germany and World War II, by Stanley G. Payne * Entre la Antorcha y la Esvastica: Franco en la encrucijada de la Segunda Guerra Mundial, by Emilio Saenz-Frances San Baldomero

Journal Article Franco and Hitler: Spain, Germany and World War II, by Stanley G. PayneEntre la Antorcha y la Esvástica: Franco en la encrucijada de la Segunda Guerra Mundial, by Emilio Saénz-Francés San Baldomero Get access Franco and Hitler: Spain, Germany and World War II, by Stanley G. Payne (New Haven, CT: Yale U.P. 2008; pp. 228. £14.99);Entre la Antorcha y la Esvástica: Franco en la encrucijada de la Segunda Guerra Mundial, by Emilio Saénz-Francés San Baldomero (Madrid: Editorial Actas, 2009; pp. 1006. N.p.). Rob Stradling Rob Stradling Penarth Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The English Historical Review, Volume CXXVI, Issue 518, February 2011, Pages 238–241, https://doi.org/10.1093/ehr/ceq431 Published: 01 February 2011

Topic: Spanish History and Politics
Subfield: History
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Farm risks, livelihood asset allocation, and adaptation practices in response to climate change: A cross-country analysis

This study aims to understand the impact of farmers’ risk attitude on livelihood assets and their livelihood adaptation strategies to cope with climatic changes. An interview-based survey with farmers is conducted in China and Pakistan, using probit regression models to analyze the data. The results confirm that Pakistani growers’ natural and policy risks, whereas technology and information risks in China, are the main livelihood risks to farm production. Farmers’ natural, physical, social, and human assets in China and Pakistan’s financial, physical, and social assets can protect their livelihoods from farm risks. Pakistan’s physical, social, and economic assets and China’s physical, human, and social assets show contradictory effects. Although farmers in China adopted agrotechnical support, off-farm production, crop variety adjustment, and agricultural engineering, Pakistan’s growers adopted agricultural finance, fertilizer/water management, and adjustment of crop varieties to deal with risks. In addition, social, natural, human, and physical assets revealed significant and positive impacts on Pakistani growers; physical and financial assets positively affect Chinese farmers’ attitudes. Despite Chinese growers’ human, social, and natural assets, Pakistani farmers’ financial and natural assets show comparatively weak effects to adapt and deal with climatic risks. Furthermore, this study recommends agricultural policy measures to cope with climate awareness and adaptive attitudes, and potential practices can be introduced in both studied areas.

Topic: Climate change impacts on agriculture
Subfield: Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Authenticity of primary clinical diagnosis parkinson`s disease in series of 5583 patients

The recognition of Parkinson`s disease (PD) in the initial stages is often difficult, especially when only part of the symptoms is present. The early and accurate diagnosis is important for both therapeutic and economical reasons. Aim of the present study was to establish the authenticity of primary clinical diagnosis PD in patients referred to our clinic during a 5-year period (2004-2008). A total of 5583 patients (3120 males and 2463 females), mean age 73.2 ±14.6, and mean duration of disease 8.4 ±4.2 years were included in the study. Neurological examination, EMG, neuroimaging, and biochemical analysis have been performed. PD was confirmed in 3807 (68%) patients, Es sential tremor (ET) in 1504 (27%), and other diseases in 276 patients (5%). Based on our own results and literature review we suggested that the strictly observance to the diagnostic criteria improves the authenticity of primary clinical diagnosis PD and has an essential medico-social significance. Special attention should be paid to ET, the most frequent reason for hyperdiagnosis of PD. Scripta Scientifica Medica 2010;42(1):49-50

Topic: Parkinson's Disease Mechanisms and Treatments
Subfield: Neurology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Needs Assessment for Animal-Assisted Interventions: Factors Influencing Implementation of Dogs as Judiciary Aids in Criminal Justice Processes in CPS Cases

The study presents findings from a needs assessment exploring the critical features or core elements that bear on professionals regarding the inclusion of dogs as judiciary aides in the investigation and prosecution of child maltreatment cases. Specifically, the objectives of the current needs assessment were examined through the following questions: (1) What are the perceived benefits of implementing programs with dogs as judiciary aids throughout criminal justice? (2) What specific roles do professionals identify for dogs within criminal justice, (3) What are potential barriers to the implementation of dogs as judiciary aids programs, and (4) How are the needs and expectations of agencies considering incorporating dogs similar to or different from those agencies that are currently incorporating dogs.\nThe study identified a number of differences in the identified roles, barriers, and important factors reported by survey respondents. Quantitative analysis of responses regarding the role of dogs in the criminal justice setting revealed professionals identified roles for dogs that matched their particular scope of influence. Moreover, qualitative findings provided additional insight into participant’s concerns and convictions and their varying perceptions of factors central to the inclusion of dogs in criminal justice processes for child maltreatment. The study relies heavily on qualitative responses of participants. Implications are discussed with regard to micro and macro levels of social work practice and the field of implementation research.

Topic: Human-Animal Interaction Studies
Subfield: Genetics
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Plasma glucose, insulin and lipids during growth of genetically lean and obese swine.

Female pigs were selected at birth from litters of genetically lean and obese and contemporary commercial-type pigs to quantify the biweekly changes in fasting concentrations of plasma glucose, immunoreactive insulin, triglyceride and cholesterol during the growing period (birth to 22 weeks of age). Pigs were weaned at 4 weeks of age to a standard corn-soybean meal type dry diet fed ad libitum. Four pigs from each genetic group were used at weeks 4 and 16 of age for a standard oral glucose tolerance test. Plasma concentrations of glucose, insulin, triglyceride and cholesterol were generally similar in all breed from birth to 22 weeks of age. Overall means (N = 306) were: glucose 93.2 mg/dl; triglyceride 37.5 mg/dL, cholesterol 101.8 mg/dL and insulin 10.8 micron Units/ml. There were significant breed differences in a given plasma variable at individual sampling periods, but most were not sustained at earlier or later ages. The genetically lean pigs had lower insulin and triglyceride levels, especially at older ages. Glucose clearance from the plasma at 4 and 16 weeks of age was similar in the three breed groups. It is concluded that these genetically obese pigs selected for fatness over many generations do not manifest their propensity to obesity through modifications in circulating glucose, insulin, triglyceride or cholesterol. Net differences in body fat accretion between these genetically lean and obese populations apparently reside in adipocyte metabolism and are not complicated by an inability to maintain homeostasis of plasma glucose or lipids as is the case with many animal models for obesity. This population of obese and lean swine selected for many generations from a common parental population appears to be a useful model for studies of the metabolic bases of obesity.

Topic: Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
Subfield: Physiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Abstract P2-11-02: Perception and practice of reproductive specialists towards fertility preservation of young breast cancer patients

Abstract Background: The potential for infertility caused by treatment is one of the important quality-of-life issues in young breast cancer (YBC) patients. Insufficient communication and partnership between oncologists and reproductive specialists has been identified as a major barrier to meeting their needs. However, the perception of reproductive specialists towards fertility preservation (FP) of YBC has not been evaluated. Objective: To investigate the perception and needs of reproductive specialists towards FP of YBC patients. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was developed and sent to 423 certified reproductive specialists registered to the Japan Society for Reproductive Medicine to self-evaluate their perceptions and practices regarding FP in YBC patients. Results: Two hundred reproductive specialists (47%) responded to the survey. 99% responded that reproductive specialists should be engaged in FP of YBC patients. 46% responded that cancer treatment is more important than childbirth even if the patient was recurrence-free five years after primary treatment. 83% responded that they would like to treat YBC patients. Respondents affiliated with private clinics were more likely to accept both fertilized egg and unfertilized egg preservation than those affiliated with academic or general hospitals (p &amp;lt; 0.01). 58% responded that ovulation induction methods should be modified in YBC patients. The choice of ovulation induction methods varied both in non-cancer women and YBC patients, however, the frequency of the use of letrozole was significantly higher (p &amp;lt; 0.01) and that of LHRH-agonist short protocol was significantly less (p &amp;lt; 0.05) in the management of breast cancer patients than in the practice of non-cancer women. 70% of the reproductive specialists responded that they were anxious in treating YBC patients. Concerns for greater or unknown risk of disease recurrence (66%), insufficient knowledge about breast cancer (47%), and lack of patient's spouse/partner (24%) were identified as major barriers in supporting FP for YBC patients. Conclusion Reproductive specialists recognize the needs of FP in YBC patients and are willing to participate and support care for YBC. Affiliation of reproductive specialists was related to positive attitude towards to egg preservation. Various concerns regarding FP among reproductive specialists indicate the need for evidence that supports the safety of FP for YBC patients and guidelines that facilitate the practice and communication of oncologists and reproductive specialists. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2012;72(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P2-11-02.

Topic: Reproductive Biology and Fertility
Subfield: Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Clinical Evaluation of Body Fat Percentage in 11,833 Japanese Measured by Air Displacement Plethysmograph

Mean value of body fat percentage in normal weight Japanese subjects was revealed. In addition, the level of 25% in men and 35% in women corresponded to 25 kg/m2 of BMI.

Topic: Body Composition Measurement Techniques
Subfield: Physiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Lower-leg cooling during halftime does not affect second-half performance in a football match

Background Cold application (e.g., lower-leg cooling: LLC) during halftime is becoming more popular in football matches. Therefore, we examined the effects of a 5-min halftime LLC (7.5±1.0℃; bare feet immersed up to the tibial tuberosity), as a recovery strategy on subsequent performance changes in the second-half. Methods Twenty male elite football players (age: 19±1 years; height: 176±6 cm; mass: 69±7 kg; athletic career: 9±1 years) participated in this crossover study (LLC or passive recovery: sitting on a bench without cooling). The 5-min FSP with a fixed intensity and distance, consisted of football-related activities (two trials of sprinting, jumping, dribbling, and kicking in various intensities and distances) and was repeated nine times (total 45-min) to mimic the first- and second-half of a football match. Calorie expenditure, heart rate, athletic performance, and passing accuracy were recorded. To determine feasibility, we compared our data to the normative values in previous reports. To test the condition effects over time, we performed a 2×6 mixed model analysis of variance for calorie expenditure and heart rate. For athletic performance and passing accuracy, we performed a 2×6 mixed model analysis of covariance (covariate: baseline measurement). Results There were no statistical differences between the LLC condition and passive recovery on athletic performance and passing accuracy at any time point (p&gt;0.13 for all statistical tests). Recorded calorie expenditure (1,227±142kcal) and heart rate (163±11bpm) during our FSP were within the normative values of a typical football match (calorie expenditure: 1,200 to 1,500kcal; heart rate: 150 and 175bpm). Conclusions Since a 5-min halftime LLC (at 7.5℃) immersed up to the tibial tuberosity are not effective in delaying fatigue and passing accuracy, it is not recommended for a recovery strategy. Since simulated football matches using the FSP were similar to a typical football match in terms of calorie expenditure and heart rate, it could be used for future research or training purposes. &lt;/sec&gt;

Topic: Sports Performance and Training
Subfield: Orthopedics and Sports Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Robust curvelet-domain data continuation with sparseness constraints.

A robust data interpolation method using curvelets frames is presented. The advantage of this method is that curvelets arguably provide an optimal sparse representation for solutions of wave equations with smooth coefficients. As such curvelets frames circumvent - besides the assumption of caustic-free data - the necessity to make parametric assumptions (e.g. through linear/parabolic Radon or demigration) regarding the shape of events in seismic data. A brief sketch of the theory is provided as well as a number of examples on synthetic and real data.

Topic: Advanced Numerical Analysis Techniques
Subfield: Computational Mechanics
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Headache at the emergency room: Etiologies, diagnostic usefulness of the ICHD 3 criteria, red and green flags

Introduction Non-traumatic headaches account for 0.5 to 4.5% at the emergency department (ED). Although primary headaches represent the most common causes, the likelihood of ominous etiology has to be considered by clinicians in order to avoid diagnostic and therapeutic pitfalls. Due to the absence of biological or imaging findings to diagnose primary headaches we hypothesize ICHD 3(International Headache criteria 3) criteria as a useful tool at the moment to identify and to establish a difference between those patients who are undergoing primary headaches and those who will need advanced diagnostic strategies. Objectives To determine the usefulness of ICHD 3 criteria to differentiate primary from non-primary headaches at the emergency department (ED). Methods During five weeks all the patients complaining of headache attended at the triage unit at the ED were interviewed, examined and classified as having primary or non-primary headaches by means of ICHD 3 criteria. Those patients with primary headaches were treated according to standard of care protocols and followed up by means of phone call communication after 48 hours to assure satisfactory outcome. Those patients classified as having non-primary headaches (secondary headaches and neuralgias) were admitted for additional diagnostic and therapeutic interventions. Between both groups we compared the prevalence of fulfilled criteria for primary headaches and the proportion of traditional red flags such as age, sleep headache onset, associated symptoms, abnormal neurological exam, sudden onset, and nonresponse to analgesics in addition to previous consultation before this evaluation. Results Headache was responsible for 244 (2.3%) out of 10450 admissions at the ED, 77.8% were females. Primary, non-primary (secondary plus neuralgias) and unclassified headaches were 59.4%, 32% and 8.6% respectively. Migraine and cervical myofascial pain were the most frequent etiologies for primary and non-primary causes respectively. Factors associated to non-primary etiologies were immunosuppression (OR: 2.7 IC 95% 2.3–3.3) and age older than 50 (OR: 2.7 IC 95% 2.01–3.62). Abnormal neurological exam, sudden and sleep headache onset were not statistically significant. Factors found to be associated with primary headaches were: fulfilling ICHD 3 criteria (OR: 18.7, IC95% 7.1–48.6), history of migraine (OR: 2.9 IC 95% 2.1–3.9), and history of similar episodes (OR: 2.7 IC 95% 2.3–3.3). Conclusion This data suggests that fulfilling ICHD 3 criteria could be useful to differentiate primary from non-primary headaches. This observation is also valid for immunosuppression, age older than 50, history of migraine and history of similar episodes.

Topic: Migraine and Headache Studies
Subfield: Psychiatry and Mental health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Self‐esteem, perception of relationships, and emotional distress: A cross‐cultural study

Abstract This study examined the relative importance of self‐esteem, family cohesion, and support from friends in predicting depressed mood and anxiety in Japanese and American college students. Contrary to expectations, self‐esteem was the strongest predictor of emotional distress in both groups of students. Nevertheless, consistent with predictions derived from Markus and Kitayama's theory of self‐construals, family cohesion accounted for a significantly larger percentage of the variance in predicting emotional distress in Japan than in the United States. In both countries, the relations between support from friends and the measures of emotional distress were entirely mediated by self‐esteem. However, among Japanese students, family cohesion accounted for additional significant variance in predicting the measures of emotional distress, even after controlling for self‐esteem.

Topic: Cultural Differences and Values
Subfield: Social Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Independent regulation of the divergent <i>Escherichia coli nrfA</i> and <i>acs</i>P1 promoters by a nucleoprotein assembly at a shared regulatory region

Summary Expression from the Escherichia coli nrfA promoter ( pnrfA ) is activated by both the FNR protein (an anaerobically triggered transcription activator) and the NarL or NarP proteins (transcription activators triggered by nitrite and nitrate). Under anaerobic conditions, FNR binds to a site centred at position –41.5 at pnrfA and activates transcription. Further activation, induced by the presence of nitrite, results from the binding of NarL and NarP to a site centred at position –74.5. A second promoter ( pacs P1), which directs transcription into the adjacent gene encoding acetyl coenzyme A synthetase ( acs ), is overlapping and divergent to pnrfA . Despite extensive overlap of regulatory elements, pnrfA and pacs P1 are regulated independently. We demonstrate that at least two nucleoid‐associated factors bind to the nrfA–acs intergenic region. The Fis protein binds to a site centred at position –15 (in relation to pnrfA transcription), whereas the IHF protein binds to a site centred at position –54. Both Fis and IHF repress in vivo expression from pacs P1, but have smaller repressive effects on expression from pnrfA . Gel retardation assays were used to investigate the pairwise binding of FNR, NarL, Fis and IHF proteins to the nrfA–acs intergenic region. The binding of NarL and IHF is mutually exclusive, whereas all other combinations can bind simultaneously. Experiments in which deletions and point mutations were introduced into the upstream region of pnrfA demonstrated that an additional factor must bind upstream to inhibit FNR‐dependent transcription. We conclude that the nrfA–acs intergenic region is folded into an ordered nucleoprotein structure that permits the two divergent promoters to be regulated independently in response to different physiological signals.

Topic: Bacterial Genetics and Biotechnology
Subfield: Genetics
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Labyrinth of Continua†

This is a survey of the concept of continuity. Efforts to explicate continuity have produced a plurality of philosophical conceptions of continuity that have provably distinct expressions within contemporary mathematics. I claim that there is a divide between (i) the conceptions that treat the whole continuum as prior to its parts, and (ii) those conceptions that treat the parts of the continuum as prior to the whole. Along this divide, a tension emerges between those conceptions that favor philosophical idealizations of continuity (i) and those that are more readily available for mathematico-scientific use (ii).

Topic: Philosophy and History of Science
Subfield: History and Philosophy of Science
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Confrontational Asymmetries in Institutional Discourse

Preview this article: Confrontational Asymmetries in Institutional Discourse: A socio-pragmatic view of information exchange and face management, Page 1 of 1 < Previous page | Next page > /docserver/preview/fulltext/bjl.11.13sar-1.gif

Topic: Linguistics and Discourse Analysis
Subfield: Philosophy
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences