jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Strengths of community and health facilities based interventions in improving women and adolescents' care seeking behaviors as approaches for reducing maternal mortality and improving birth outcome among low income communities of Egypt

Abstract Background Provision of emergency obstetric care is considered the key for maternal mortality reduction worldwide. This study evaluated the impact of community- and facility-based educational programs on provision of emergency obstetric care in Egypt. The study focused on evaluating utilization of the available health services and care seeking behaviors of mothers in the childbearing period. Methods We implemented a package of community- and facility-focused educational interventions in two of Egypt's lowest income governorates. At facility level, health professionals at rural health units from 21 villages over 5 years were trained. Mass media gathering, individual teaching at health facilities, printed materials and home-based care sessions were provided. Collectively, these interventions were designed to focusing on recognition of the early warning signs during pregnancy, delivery and postpartum period for timely referral to hospitals for 20,494 women and adolescents mothers. Results The impact of the interventions was highly reflected on the percent of mothers received care during their pregnancy period. Proper antenatal care at governmental or private health facilities was raised dramatically from 0.6 to 59.3% and those who utilized at least one family planning method from 61.4 to 74.4%. Accordingly, the rate of complications significantly reduced during pregnancy (38.1 to 15.1%), during delivery (24.1 to 13.1%) and during postpartum (81.7 to 7.0%). As an impact to the improvement, there was a marked reduction in adolescent pregnancy by 55% and better birth outcome with a reduction in the percent of stillbirth by 11.5%. Conclusion It is important to provide a comprehensive package that works at both improving qualities of care as well as empowering women by knowledge to first aid measures at the community level. The cost-effective way to empower mothers to provide first aid measures as emergency obstetric care is to adopt the outreach approach which could be more influential than mass media campaigns for the at-risk and vulnerable and low-income communities.

Topic: Global Maternal and Child Health
Subfield: Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Veterans Health Administration

identification of poor performers, VHA has integrated the techniques of total quality management into a multifaceted improvement program that also includes the accreditation program and traditional quality assurance activities. VHA monitors its performance by maintaining adverse incident databases, conducting patient satisfaction surveys, contracting for external peer review of 50,000 records per year, and comparing process and outcome rates internally and when possible with external benchmarks. The near-term objectives of VHA include providing medical centers with a quality matrix that will permit local development of quality indicators, construction of a report card for VHA's customers, and implementing the Malcolm W. Baldrige system for quality improvement as the road map for systemwide continuous improvement. Other goals include providing greater access to data, creating a patientcentered database, providing real-time clinical decision support, and expanding the databases. Key words: Baldrige; quality; measurement; Veterans Health Administration. (Med Care 1996;34:MS55-MS68)

Topic: Patient Satisfaction in Healthcare
Subfield: General Health Professions
Field: Health Professions
Domain: Health Sciences
A Meta-Analysis on the Diagnostic Performance of Non-Echoplanar Diffusion-Weighted Imaging in Detecting Middle Ear Cholesteatoma: 10 Years On

Objective: To describe via a meta-analysis of the published literature, the performance of non-echo-planar diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) in detecting middle ear cholesteatoma. Methodology: A systematic review of the published literature was performed to identify original studies evaluating the diagnostic performance of non-echo-planar DWI in detecting middle ear cholesteatoma. Only studies with surgical correlation were included. A bi-variate meta-analysis and hierarchical summary receiver operating characteristic model was performed. Results: A total of 26 studies (1,152 patient episodes) were included. Pooled sensitivity and specificity of 0.91 (95% CI: 0.87–0.95) and 0.92 (95% CI: 0.86–0.96), respectively were obtained. Separate subgroup analysis performed for primary cholesteatoma, postoperative cholesteatoma, pediatric cases, and adult cases all showed high sensitivities (range, 0.86–0.93) and specificities (0.88–0.97). There was a statistically significant degree of heterogeneity in terms of sensitivity between all studies ( I 2 value 46%) and in the pediatric subgroup ( I 2 value 78%). There was no evidence of significant heterogeneity between the specificity measurements. Conclusions: Non-echo-planar DWI is highly sensitive and specific in detecting cholesteatoma. A large prospective multicentre randomized controlled study could validate the findings and evaluate the cost-effectiveness of DWI as an alternative for second-look surgery (control arm) in managing cases of postoperative cholesteatoma.

Topic: Ear Surgery and Otitis Media
Subfield: Otorhinolaryngology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Polar reaction mechanisms involving peroxides in solution

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Intermolecular Substitution at the Peroxide Oxygen Intramolecular Nucleophilic Rearrangements Oxidations Involving Peroxides and Their Anions as Nucleophiles Carbonyl-Forming Eliminations References

Topic: Oxidative Organic Chemistry Reactions
Subfield: Organic Chemistry
Field: Chemistry
Domain: Physical Sciences
Systematic Identification of Microproteins during the Development of <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i>

Short open reading frame-encoded peptides (SEPs) are microproteins with less than 100 amino acids that play an essential role in the growth and development of organisms. There are plenty of short open reading frames in <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i> that potentially code polypeptides. We chose 11 time points during the life cycle of <i>Drosophila</i> to investigate microproteins, particularly those related to development. Finally, we identified a total of 410 microproteins, of which 27 were noncoding RNA-encoded proteins. Of the 410 microproteins, 74 were expressed in all stages from embryo to adults, whereas 300 microproteins were only found in one or two time points. Approximately, one-third of the microproteins were not reported previously and 44 were obtained from <i>de novo</i> sequencing, validated by synthetic peptides. These microproteins are related to the main bioprocesses of growth and development, such as multicellular organism reproduction, postmating behavior, and oviposition. Over half of the microproteins have predicted functional domains and are conserved across species, suggesting that these microproteins have critical functions in fly development. This work enriches the <i>D. melanogaster</i> proteome and provides a significant data resource for growth and development research.

Topic: Neurobiology and Insect Physiology Research
Subfield: Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences
Adaptation and Regulation of the Transduction Mechanism in Vestibular Hair Cells.

Abstract : The research objectives are to characterize the time and displacement dependence of adaptation in hair cells; to localize the site of action of calcium and determine its calcium specificity; to identify and localize calcium- binding and structural proteins in stereocilia that may mediate calcium's effect. The results indicate that the adaptation process involves the movement of the attachment point of the spring attached to transduction channels; this may be a movement of one end of the morphologically-defined 'tip links'. They also suggest that there are two separate processes in the adaptation: One is a slipping or relaxing process that is linearly proportional in rate to the displacement, indicating that the rate may depend on tension in the tip link. The other is a climbing or tensioning process that is largely independent of displacement, suggesting an intrinsic climbing rate. Incidentally, the rate and final tension of the element are nearly identical to that of myosin moving on actin. We also have a good measure of the calcium dependence, using the microphonic preparation, and have made simple measurements of the cation specificity. The binding site appears to be specific for calcium, as magnesium, strontium or barium inhibit calcium's action. Patch clamp experiments have suggested that the site of calcium action is inside the tips of the stereocilia. Results are consistent with some molecular motor intimately associated with the transduction apparatus at the tips of the stereocilia. Immunohistochemical experiments have indicated that calmodulin is inside the tips of the stereocilia, as well as in the cell body. There is also calbindin throughout the cell.

Topic: Hermeneutics and Narrative Identity
Subfield: Philosophy
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Rick May is Safety Patrol Member of the Month

Rick May, son of Mr. and Mrs. Richard May of 724 County Road 43 is the safety patrol member of the month for the Fremont Schools. The Lutz School student received a certificate and a gift certificate for dinner at Wagner's Country Inn. The presentations are sponsored by the restaurant and the Auto Club.

Topic: Hermeneutics and Narrative Identity
Subfield: Philosophy
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
The Scientific Revolution and Its Repercussions on the Translation of Technical Discourse

The Scientific Revolution of the 17th century not only revolutionized the English world view, it also brought about profound changes on the level of discourse. Through a process of grammatical metaphorization (Halliday and Martin 1993), primary experience was linguistically recons trued to create a picture of a static objective universe from which all subjectivity was effectively removed. The Catholic cultures of Continental Europe were initially resistant to the scientific worldview, remaining loyal for political and religious reasons to the earlier humanistic model (Bennett 2007a, 2007b). Nevertheless, by the late 20th century, with the pressures of globalization, most had developed a scientific discourse of their own, essentially calqued from the English model. The fact that this discourse was borrowed however, rather than resulting from an internal process of evolution, has led to certain grammatical and rhetorical inconsistencies, which raise problems for translation. This paper discusses some of the technical issues besetting the English translator of Portuguese scientific texts, including difficulties related to nominalizations, impersonal verb structures and the intrusion of features from the traditional discourse. It also considers ethical and epistemological questions resulting from the process of linguistic colonization (Phillipson 1992, Pennycook 1994).

Topic: Translation Studies and Practices
Subfield: Language and Linguistics
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
[Prognostic value of the initial response to corticosteroids for children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia].

Leukemias are the most common malignant diseases in childhood, with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) being the most frequent subtype. Diagnosis and treatment of ALL remains an important issue in pediatric practice. The great variety of prognostic factors has been recognized and applied for the stratification into different risk groups and consequently for selection of the most appropriate treatment. The most significant prognostic factors include age, sex, white blood count at diagnosis, infiltration of the extramedullary organs, and central nervous system involvement. The experience of numerous pediatric hemato-oncology centers has shown that above-mentioned prognostic criteria are not sufficient and they emphasize the need for determination of the response to glucocorticosteroids at day 8 of treatment. A retrospective analysis of treatment results in childhood in ALL patients with regard to steroid response has been performed. The study aimed at analysis whether there is any association between the long-term event-free survival (EFS) in patients with good and poor response to prednisone. The study group consisted of 179 children, aged 2 to 17 years, qualified into low and medium risk groups, treated according to the BFM-86 and BFM-90 protocols in the Department of Pediatrics and Hematology of Silesian Center of Pediatrics in Zabrze between 1986 and 1996. In the study group, 89.9% (161) of children showed good prednisone response (PGR) as compared to 10.1% of children with poor response to steroids (PPR). Cumulative probability of 15-year EFS for the PGR group was 70% and significantly differed from EFS in PPR group (39%; p = 0.006). In the study group, the children showing good response to the initial treatment with prednisone have higher chance for durable remission and subsequent cure. In conclusion, response to glucocorticosteroids employed in the initial treatment of children with ALL, should be included in the stratification into prognostic groups.

Topic: Childhood Cancer Survivors' Quality of Life
Subfield: Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Design of a Real-Time Movement Decomposition-Based Rodent Tracker and Behavioral Analyzer Based on FPGA

In this work, a real-time movement decomposition-based automatic behavior analysis system is proposed. The proposed method is evaluated on a Morris water maze experiment with rat. The system integrated a high-speed tracker, a feature extraction module, and a classifier on a Xilinx Ultra-96 single computer board with a field-programmable gate array (FPGA). The high-speed tracker includes a movement predictor based on motion features and pose features, and a fast-checking algorithm to evaluate whether the tracking result is correct or not. A faster region-based convolutional neural network (Faster-RCNN)-based detector is used for initializing the tracker. The feature extraction module integrated a CNN-based feature point recognition network and a motion feature computing module. Motion and pose feature are calculated with the result of the feature points. The proposed system achieves a 66.2-frames/s processing speed, and the average point detection error is 4.01 pixels. For each video, the classification and regression tree (CART)-based classifier gives an explorative stage in five categories, which represents the rat's strategy of exploration in Morris water maze task. This work focuses on a real-time local computing system design on small-scale datasets.

Topic: Zebrafish Biomedical Research Applications
Subfield: Cell Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Chelation Trial Divides Cardiovascular Community

KEY MESSAGES Weekly infusions of a solution containing a chelating agent and various high-dose vitamins and minerals modestly reduced cardiovascular events after a myocardial infarction. Citing concerns about the quality of the evidence, experts say that chelation should not be used for secondary prevention outside of a research setting.

Topic: Vitamin C and Antioxidants Research
Subfield: Nutrition and Dietetics
Field: Nursing
Domain: Health Sciences
^DOWNLOAD E.B.O.O.K.# Fundamentals of Orthodontic Treatment Mechanics Full PDF

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Topic: Hermeneutics and Narrative Identity
Subfield: Philosophy
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
In Reply: Was This Experiment Necessary?

The issue of neonatal research is so charged with emotion that it can apparently cause a reader to pick up his pen to write a letter of criticism without having read carefully the report which he is criticizing. We are rebuked for subjecting newborn infants to numerous venipunctures though we stated clearly that no venipunctures at all were done for investigational purposes. The single reported serum bilirubin determination per subject was made as part of the routine neonatal care and involved the withdrawal of a very small volume of blood by heel-prick.

Topic: Neonatal Health and Biochemistry
Subfield: Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Cervical Cancer Screening and Acute Care Visits Among Medicaid Enrollees With Mental and Substance Use Disorders

In Maryland Medicaid, the odds of cancer screening and related acute care visits were greater for women with major mental disorders compared with women in the control group. For women with substance use disorders, however, screening was reduced and acute care visits were similar compared with women in the control group. Providers should encourage and support their patients with substance use disorders to increase use of preventive care services by primary care physicians and gynecologists.

Topic: Family Support in Illness
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Parent/toddler education and guidance group

The Parent/Toddler Education and Guidance Group is designed for parents and their 18–36 month old children who are experiencing mild to moderate difficulties with the developmental issues of toddlerhood. The goal of the group is to help parents support their child's growing autonomy, and create a new level of communication between parent and child. The program is described in a general way and is then illustrated in examples of two cases.

Topic: Family and Disability Support Research
Subfield: Clinical Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Supplementary Figure S1 from Preclinical Development of a Bispecific Antibody that Safely and Effectively Targets CD19 and CD47 for the Treatment of B-Cell Lymphoma and Leukemia

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figure S1 shows shows the percentage of in vitro phagocytosis of Raji cells by macrophages with NI-1701 or CD19/CD47hi biAb.&lt;/p&gt;

Topic: Phagocytosis and Immune Regulation
Subfield: Immunology
Field: Immunology and Microbiology
Domain: Life Sciences
Passio sancti Valentini episcopi martyris (BHL 8460)

Edizione critica a stampa a cura di E. D'Angelo esportazione in formato TEI XML livello ALIM2_0 effettuata da Paolo Monella Edizione in formato TEI XML, livello ALIM2_1, a cura di Jan Ctibor HomePage del progetto: http://it.alim.unisi.it/il-progetto/ Documentazione: http://alim.unisi.it/documentazione

Topic: Historical and Religious Studies of Rome
Subfield: History
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Some genetic markers in tribals of Eastern India.

A total of 204 members belonging to two ethnologically distinct tribal groups in the same area, the Santal and the Bhumij, from the Midnapore district of West Bengal have been tested for polymorphisms of serum proteins, enzymes and haemoglobin. Low chi 2 value indicates the absence of any significant genetical difference between these two tribes, in respect of their total protein patterns and Hb, Tf, Hp, Lp, LDH, ABO and Rh systems. An interesting observation was the presence of an aberrant transferrin type. A single case of phenylketonuria showed low elevation of phenylalanine.

Topic: Blood groups and transfusion
Subfield: Hematology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Intravenous Immunoglobulins for Recurrent Chronic Histiocytic Intervillositis: A Series of Case Studies

ABSTRACT Introduction Chronic histiocytic intervillositis (CHI) is a rare inflammatory placental disease characterized by diffuse infiltration of monocytes into the intervillous space and is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. No treatment is currently validated and although in some small reports, steroids with hydroxychloroquine have been described. There are no data for other therapies in refractory cases. Patients and Methods We here report four cases of patients with a history of CHI treated with immunoglobulins during a subsequent pregnancy. The four patients with recurrent CHI had failed to previous immunomodulatory therapies with steroids and hydroxychloroquine. All patients had at least four pregnancy losses with histopathological confirmation of CHI for at least one pregnancy loss. The usual pregnancy‐loss etiology screening and immunological screening were negative for all the patients. Results For three patients, intravenous immunoglobulins were initiated at the βHCG positivity at 1 g/kg every 15 days until delivery. In one case with combined therapy since the beginning of the pregnancy, intravenous immunoglobulins were introduced at 20 WG because of severe growth restriction. Two patients had live births at 36 WG and one patient at 39 WG. One patient, who presented early first‐trimester hypertension and severe placental lesions, failed to intravenous immunoglobulins and had a pregnancy loss at 15 WG. Conclusion This is the first report demonstrating the potential benefit of intravenous immunoglobulins in recurrent chronic intervillositis. Larger studies are needed to confirm this potential benefit for patients presenting severe cases of recurrent CHI.

Topic: Reproductive System and Pregnancy
Subfield: Immunology
Field: Immunology and Microbiology
Domain: Life Sciences
Depletion of CXCR2 Inhibits Tumor Growth and Angiogenesis in a Murine Model of Lung Cancer

Abstract The Glu-Leu-Arg+ (ELR+) CXC chemokines are potent promoters of angiogenesis and have been demonstrated to induce a significant portion of nonsmall cell lung cancer-derived angiogenic activity and support tumorigenesis. ELR+ CXC chemokines share a common chemokine receptor, CXCR2. We hypothesized that CXCR2 mediates the proangiogenic effects of ELR+ CXC chemokines during tumorigenesis. To test this postulate, we used syngeneic murine Lewis lung cancer (LLC; 3LL, H-2b) heterotopic and orthotopic tumor model systems in C57BL/6 mice replete (CXCR2+/+) and deficient in CXCR2 (CXCR2−/−). We first demonstrated a correlation of the expression of endogenous ELR+ CXC chemokines with tumor growth and metastatic potential of LLC tumors. Next, we found that LLC primary tumors were significantly reduced in growth in CXCR2−/− mice. Moreover, we found a marked reduction in the spontaneous metastases of heterotopic tumors to the lungs of CXCR2−/− mice. Morphometric analysis of the primary tumors in CXCR2−/− mice demonstrated increased necrosis and reduced vascular density. These findings were further confirmed in CXCR2+/+ mice using specific neutralizing Abs to CXCR2. The results of these studies support the notion that CXCR2 mediates the angiogenic activity of ELR+ CXC chemokines in a preclinical model of lung cancer.

Topic: Chemokine receptors and signaling
Subfield: Oncology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences