jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Assessing Mobile Instant Messenger Networks with Donated Data

Despite the increasing popularity and importance of mobile instant messenger services (MIMSs) such as WhatsApp, Telegram and Signal, the vast majority of the research on social media is focused on the “traditional” social media platforms such as Twitter and Facebook, mostly due to the difficulty of accessing MIMSs data. Consequently, we lack knowledge about even the most basic topological features of the societal-scale instant messenger network. To overcome this knowledge gap, we employ the innovative approach of data donation by respondents of a high-quality probability-based panel in the Netherlands (the LISS panel) to collect user data while preserving their privacy. Focusing on WhatsApp as the most popular MIMS, this study collects the first measurement of MIMS usage on a national probability sample. We find that the degree distribution of contacts is best approximated by a log-normal distribution, while the distribution of group membership is best approximated by the exponential distribution. At the individual level, we find that predictors of degree derived from the literature on extended networks mostly replicate.

Topic: Social Media and Politics
Subfield: Communication
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Magnitude of Biofilm Formation and Antimicrobial Resistance Pattern of Bacteria Isolated from Urinary Catheterized Inpatients of Jimma University Medical Center, Southwest Ethiopia

Biofilm formation is one of the features of most bacteria. Catheterization in medicine is a source of highly resistant bacterial infections, and those bacteria respond poorly to antimicrobial therapy. Bacterial biofilm features were not described from catheterized inpatients in Ethiopia as its formation is known to afford antimicrobial resistance and challenge patient management. The aim of this study was to isolate catheter-associated urinary bacterial pathogens, their biofilm formation, and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern among inpatients of Jimma University Medical Center (JUMC) in Southwest Ethiopia. A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted among urinary catheterized inpatients of JUMC from February to August 2016. A total of 143 study participants were enrolled consecutively in this study. Urine samples were collected from catheterized patients and processed using a standard bacteriological protocol for isolation and identification. Evaluation of in vitro biofilm formation and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of uropathogenic bacteria was done using microtiter plates and disk diffusion method, respectively. Data were cleaned, coded, and entered into SPSS version 20 for analysis. All statistical test values of<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M1"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>p</mml:mi><mml:mo>&lt;</mml:mo><mml:mn>0.05</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:math>were considered statistically significant. From all study participants, mean age was 44 years. Sixty bacterial strains were recovered from 57 urinary catheterized inpatients among which 54 of them were monomicrobial (94.7%). The remaining six bacterial strains were recovered from three study participants each with two bacterial isolates. The predominant bacterial isolates were Gram-negative bacteria with E. coli turning out first. About 80% of bacterial isolates were biofilm formers. The majority of the bacteria were resistant to commonly prescribed antimicrobial agents. In conclusion, the majority of bacterial uropathogen isolates were Gram-negative, biofilm formers, and resistant to commonly prescribed antimicrobial agents. Relatively ciprofloxacin, nitrofurantoin, and amikacin were highly effective against most isolated bacteria.

Topic: Urinary Tract Infections Management
Subfield: Epidemiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Origin of the excess specific heat in metallic glass forming liquids

We report excess specific heat in a series of metallic glass forming liquids. It is found that the excess specific heat relative to glass at glass transition temperature Tg is constant and close to, where R is gas constant. In the typical Pd40Ni10Cu30P20 metallic glass forming liquid, the excess specific heat is independent of temperature. A quantitative description of the excess specific heat is built up. The atomic translational diffusion is the origin of the excess specific heat. The results provide a fundamental understanding to the glass transition in metallic glasses.

Topic: Metallic Glasses and Amorphous Alloys
Subfield: Mechanical Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Penegakan Hukum Terhadap Tindak Pidana Penjualan Smartphone Ilegal Dalam Perspektif Undang-Undang Nomor 8 Tahun 1999 Tentang Perlindungan Konsumen

The aim of writing this scientific work is of course to determine law enforcement regarding criminal acts of illegal smartphone sales in the perspective of Law Number 8 of 1999 concerning Consumer Protection with data collection techniques using normative juridical methods and library research. The research results show that the distribution of illegal smartphones can be overcome by implementing Article 62 Paragraph (1) in conjunction with Article 8 Paragraph (1) letter a of Law no. 8 of 1999 relating to consumer protection with the threat of a maximum prison sentence of five years and a maximum fine of 2 billion Rupiah as well as Article 52 Juncto Article 32 Paragraph (1) of Law no. 36 of 1999 concerning Telecommunications with the threat of a maximum prison sentence of 1 year or a maximum fine of one hundred million rupiah.

Topic: Legal Studies and Policies
Subfield: Law
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Enhanced Luminescence of NaY<sub>0.6–<i>x</i></sub>Ce<sub>0.1</sub>Gd<sub>0.3</sub>Eu<sub><i>x</i></sub>F<sub>4</sub> Nanorods by Energy Transfers between Ce<sup>3+</sup>, Gd<sup>3+</sup>, and Eu<sup>3+</sup>

In this study, hexagonal-phase NaY0.6–xCe0.1Gd0.3EuxF4 nanorods were synthesized via a mild solvothermal method. By modifying the Eu3+ dopant concentration, the crystal phase, morphology, and luminescent properties were well controlled. A broad excitation band centered at around 260 nm corresponding to the 2F5/2 → 4f-5d transition of Ce3+ was detected in the hosts containing Gd3+ ions by monitoring the Eu3+ emissions, indicating that an efficient Ce3+ → Eu3+ energy transfer occurred via the Gd3+ sublattice. Luminescence decay behaviors of the NaY0.6–xCe0.1Gd0.3EuxF4 nanorods were studied, and the energy transfer mechanism was discussed. An obvious rising edge on the luminescence decay curve of Eu3+ ions in the NaY0.6–xCe0.1Gd0.3EuxF4 nanorods was observed. The rising time is proposed to describe the energy migration time from Ce3+ to Eu3+ via the Gd3+ sublattice.

Topic: Luminescence Properties of Advanced Materials
Subfield: Materials Chemistry
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Comparing utility and residential battery storage for increasing flexibility of power systems

Evolution of the present-day grid from fossil fuel-based to green, sustainable generation is picking up pace due to environmental concerns and dwindling fossil fuel reserves. The era where renewable energy resources (RES) begin to significantly penetrate the power system has begun. In the future, this trend will be substantial, and RES contribution toward energy production will be significant, here this scenario is referred as the future grid (FG). The intermittent and stochastic nature of RES will introduce many new vulnerabilities in future power systems. This paper explores the merits and demerits of introducing photovoltaic (PV) battery system in FG scenario and discuss how utility and household storage can rectify some vulnerabilities. Here, flexibility in power systems is achieved by utilising the storage in contrast to demand response (DR) suggested in many works. Modified unit commitment (UC) model is used to study the effect of utility storage behaviours, and a bi-level optimisation approach is used to model household storage capability. The case study explores the effect of storage on Australian National Electricity Market (NEM) for the year 2020. For comparison and analysis, three scenarios are compared. Results demonstrate that storage can be used to achieve flexibility in FGs. Also, there exist a trade off for programs supporting large scale and distributed household storage. There is also some condition under which the behaviour and effect of both cases become very similar.

Topic: Smart Grid Energy Management
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Image_7_Prognostic Value of Prognostic Nutritional Index in Patients With Colorectal Cancer Undergoing Surgical Treatment.TIF

Background&lt;p&gt;To investigate the relationship between prognostic nutritional index (PNI) and the survival of patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) undergoing surgical treatment.&lt;/p&gt;Methods&lt;p&gt;In total 1,014 CRC patients who underwent surgical treatment were enrolled. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify the features that influenced postoperative complications in CRC patients. Restricted cubic spline was used to assess the dose-response relationship between PNI and survival in CRC patients. Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test were used to compare survival differences between groups of CRC patients. Cox proportional risk regression models was used to assess independent risk factors for progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) of CRC patients.&lt;/p&gt;Results&lt;p&gt;Low PNI was associated with high tumor burden, invasive pathological features, and poor host status. Compared with patients with high PNI, patients with low PNI have a higher incidence of complications and longer hospital stay. Low PNI was an independent risk factor for postoperative complications in CRC patients. for every SD increased in PNI, the risk of poor prognosis for CRC patients was reduced by 2.3% (HR = 0.977, 95%CI = 0.962–0.993, p = 0.004) in PFS, and 2.3% (HR = 0.977, 95%CI = 0.962–0.993, p = 0.004) in OS. PNI was an independent prognostic factor affecting the PFS and OS of CRC patients. Finally, we constructed the PNI-based nomograms to predict postoperative complications, 1–5 years PFS and OS in CRC patients. Concordance index and calibration curve indicated that the PNI-based nomograms have moderate prediction accuracy.&lt;/p&gt;Conclusion&lt;p&gt;PNI is an independent risk factor affecting postoperative complications, PFS and OS of CRC patients, and is a useful supplement to the TNM stage.&lt;/p&gt;

Topic: Antimicrobial Resistance in Staphylococcus
Subfield: Infectious Diseases
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
A survey on approaches to gridification

Abstract The Grid shows itself as a globally distributed computing environment, in which hardware and software resources are virtualized to transparently provide applications with vast capabilities. Just like the electrical power grid, the Grid aims at offering a powerful yet easy‐to‐use computing infrastructure to which applications can be easily ‘plugged’ and efficiently executed. Unfortunately, it is still very difficult to Grid‐enable applications, since current tools force users to take into account many details when adapting applications to run on the Grid. In this paper, we survey some of the recent efforts in providing tools for easy gridification of applications and propose several taxonomies to identify approaches followed in the materialization of such tools. We conclude this paper by describing common features among the proposed approaches, and by pointing out open issues and future directions in the research and development of gridification methods. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.

Topic: Distributed and Parallel Computing Systems
Subfield: Computer Networks and Communications
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
The role of bedrock topography, structure, ice dynamics and preglacial weathering in controlling subglacial erosion beneath a high-latitude, maritime ice field

It is known that regions of warm- and cold-based ice sheets modify and protect the Landscape, respectively. Investigations on a small plateau-top ice field, Øksfjordjøkelen (40 km 2 ), in north Norway have indicated that this situation can exist at a small scale. Margins of the plateau, exposed by ice retreat since AD 1850, provide evidence of a complex basal thermal regime: in some localities blockfields with patterned ground and, in others, abraded and quarried bedrock forelands have been exposed. Exposed blockfields are interpreted as areas covered by cold-based, non-erosive ice. In areas of sliding ice, substantial quantities of erosion are evident. Locally, bedrock shows three joint sets intersecting which produce joint-bounded blocks. Removal of these blocks during the Little Ice Age has produced small rock steps about 5–10 m long and 1–3 m high. Present-day basal sliding velocities at the snout are low (15 m a – 1) and ice thickness over the whole glacier is &amp;lt; 190 m. Simple modelling for block removal shows a direct relationship with glacier-sliding velocity and inverse relationship with ice thickness. Preglacial weathering is shown to influence the size of removable blocks.

Topic: Cryospheric studies and observations
Subfield: Atmospheric Science
Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences
Domain: Physical Sciences
A VI for estimating electrical quantities in power systems over long time intervals

In this paper, an instrument based on the virtual instrumentation (VI) technique is presented. It allows estimating the trend of electrical quantities in power systems over long observation intervals by acquiring and processing a limited amount of data. An application example dedicated to a daily current profile estimation is presented and the relevant combined standard uncertainty, arising from the uncertainty sources located in the measurement hardware, is evaluated. Finally, the results of a statistical test are presented aiming at verifying the correctness of the gauged relationship.

Topic: Advanced Electrical Measurement Techniques
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Numerical modeling and simulation of fibre-Bragg grating based devices for all-optical communication network

We present a numerical model and simulated results of fibre Bragg grating based WDM system. The proposed devices posses a significant improved wavelength conversion efficiency as compared to its AWG companion. Also, we present a FBG based dispersion comparator for an optical network. The device offers significantly improved bandwidth utilization and dispersion linearity over conventional designs. In our simulation, which took into account different sets of wavelength, the response of the device and dispersion compensation levels were studied. Also, we have shown a periodically modulated dispersion profile in the process of dispersion compensation

Topic: Optical Network Technologies
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
A fuzzy object query language (FOQL) for image databases

Content based retrieval systems have been developed for querying image data in which the users can pose queries based on visual properties such as color and texture. These systems, which have advanced the state of the art in image database systems, remarkably lack formal query languages. The traditional query languages are unable to capture the inherent fuzzy nature of the image data and content based querying. The fuzzy object query language (FOQL) presented in this paper addresses the need to support fuzzy values and fuzzy collections required for image databases. It can be used for defining schemas and high level concepts, and for querying image databases. It captures the inherent fuzzy nature of content based retrieval by keeping the query results fuzzy as against other query languages. The users can interactively refine their queries and high level concept definitions using recursive and named query definition constructs in FOQL. Being an extension of ODMG-OQL, FOQL can be easily mapped to ODMG-compliant visual query languages.

Topic: Image Retrieval and Classification Techniques
Subfield: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Associations between parenting burnout and maternal adverse childhood experiences among postnatal women

This study aims at exploring the relationships between adverse childhood experience (ACEs) and parental burnout. A total of 583 postnatal Chinese mothers were recruited in this cross-sectional study. Maternal ACEs were measured by Adverse Childhood Experience Questionnaire-Revised and parental burnout was measured by Parental Burnout Assessment. Multiple linear and binary logistic regression, and latent class analysis were used to explore the association between each type and cumulative ACEs and parental burnout. We found ACEs were associated with a higher risk of parental burnout. However, the association differed in the type of ACEs. The higher levels of physical abuse (<i>B</i> = 0.971 ~ 0.459, all <i>p</i> < 0.05) and emotional neglect (<i>B</i> = 1.010 ~ 1.407, all <i>p</i> < 0.05) in childhood were correlated with more serious parental burnout. The higher levels of self-threatened (<i>B</i> = 0.429 ~ 0.559, all <i>p</i> < 0.05) and self-deprived experience (<i>B</i> = 0.384 ~ 0.462, all <i>p</i> < 0.05), higher number of ACEs type (<i>B</i> = 2.909 ~ 3.918, all <i>p</i> < 0.05) were associated with more serious parental burnout. Results were consistent after combining four dimensions of parental burnout as a whole in LCA. This study indicated that maternal ACEs were associated with parental burnout. Women with self-deprived, self-threatened and more types of ACEs should be paid special attention.

Topic: Child Abuse and Trauma
Subfield: Clinical Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Loss of brain‐expressed receptors GPR37 and/or GPR37L1 results in increased seizure susceptibility to induced seizures

GPR37 and GPR37‐like‐1 (GPR37L1) are orphan G protein‐coupled receptors that are expressed almost exclusively in the brain. Recently, exome mapping in a large, consanguineous family of Middle Eastern descent identified a homozygous amino acid substitution in the GPR37L1 gene as the causal mutation for a previously undescribed recessive monogenic disorder. Affected individuals develop severe migraines and seizures in adolescence, followed by cortical atrophy, cognitive decline, and ultimately death in the late teens. We and others have shown that expression of GPR37 and/or GPR37L1 can mediate cytoprotective signaling. Therefore, we assessed the effect of loss‐of‐function mutations using GPR37 and GPR37L1 knockout mice. Here we show that a loss of GPR37, GPR37L1, or both receptors result in increased seizure susceptibility to induced seizures. These data support the potential association between GPR37L1 and the aforementioned inherited neurological disorder and also reveal a previously‐unappreciated role for GPR37 and GPR37L1 in susceptibility to induced seizures, which may have implications for future drug development efforts aimed at these receptors.

Topic: Receptor Mechanisms and Signaling
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Pathogenicity of the avian Escherichia coli isolates from pericarditis and femoral head necrosis lesions of the colibacillosis in experimentally infected chicks

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the relationship between different combinations of seven (ompT, hlyF, iss, iutA, iroN, tsh and cvaC) Colicin V (ColV) plasmid associated virulence genes (VGs) and pathogenicity of avian E. coli isolates. After detection of the different patterns of VGs among 290 E. coli isolates from pericarditis and femoral head necrosis lesions of colibacillosis and the 70 isolates from feces of apparently healthy birds (AFEC), the day-old chick lethality test was conducted. Distribution of genetic patterns was different between the APECs and AFECs isolates, so that 67.3% of the APECs typed were represented by two specific genetic patterns (ompT+/hlyF+/iss+/iutA+/iroN+/tsh+/cvaC+; ompT+/hlyF+/iss+/iutA+/iroN+/tsh+/cvaC-). Furthermore, both the APECs and AFECs isolates with different genetic patterns were lethal for day-old chicks. The ColV plasmid or some of its VGs can provide helpful characteristics to describe APECs. Furthermore, extraintestinal environments may supply requirements for the pathogenicity of the avian E. coli isolates harboring different genetic background. However, further studies are needed to confirm the definite link between avian E. coli isolates pathogenicity and their genotype.

Topic: Escherichia coli research studies
Subfield: Endocrinology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Bimbingan Karir Terintegrasi dalam Mata Pelajaran Fisika/Sains

&lt;p class="AbstractEnglish"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Abstract: &lt;/strong&gt;This study aimed to: (1) help students determine the choice of majors/areas of expertise, (2) improve career guidance services in schools, and (3) produce a pattern of effective career guidance to help students determine school.This study was research by project using Kurt Lewin model. The guidance was held by considering the students' academic and non-academic abilities and the supports of the families, schools and the occupations in order that the students were able to choose schools that fitted their conditions and job opportunities. The study was conducted at SMP Negeri 4 Ponjong. The techniques of collecting the data included: questionnaires, interviews, observation, and documentation. The data were analyzed using Spradley's qualitative data analysis.The conclusions of this study are that: (1) career guidance in SMP requires the involvement of all stakeholders in order to be effective, (2) the existing cooperation is based on the principle of mutual benefit, and (3) the students are able to determine what kind of school they want to enter by considering the employment opportunities and economic conditions.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="KeywordsEngish"&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="AbstrakIndonesia"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Abstrak: &lt;/strong&gt;Studi ini bertujuan untuk: (1) membantu siswa menentukan pilihan jurusan/ bidang keahlian, (2) meningkatkan pelayanan bimbingan karir di sekolah, dan (3) menghasilkan pola bimbingan karir yang efektif untuk membantu siswa menentukan sekolah lanjutan. Studi ini merupakan penelitian tindakan yang mempergunakan model penelitian Kurt Lewin. Bimbingan dilakukan dengan mempertimbangkan kemampuan akademis dan nonakademis siswa, daya dukung keluarga, sekolah dan dunia kerja guna mengarahkan siswa pada pilihan sekolah yang sesuai dengan kondisi siswa, dan peluang dunia kerja. Studi dilakukan di SMP Negeri 4 Ponjong. Teknik pengumpulan data yang dipergunakan dalam studi ini meliputi: kuesioner, wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Data dianalisis secara kualitatif menggunakan model Spradley. Kesimpulan dari studi ini adalah (1) bimbingan karir di SMP memerlukan keterlibatan semua stakeholder agar dapat berjalan dengan efektif, (2) kerjasama yang terjalin berdasarkan prinsip saling menguntungkan, dan (3) siswa mampu membuat pilihan sekolah lanjutan dengan mempertimbangkan peluang kerja dan kondisi ekonomi.&lt;/p&gt;

Topic: Education and Character Development
Subfield: Education
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences