jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Early Detection of Metabolic Changes Using Microdialysis During and After Experimental Kidney Transplantation in a Porcine Model

Background: Microdialysis (MD) can detect organ-related metabolic changes before they become measurable in plasma through the biochemical parameters. This study aims to evaluate the early detection of metabolic changes during experimental kidney transplantation (KTx). Material and methods: During preparation of 8 donor kidneys, one MD catheter was inserted in the renal cortex and samples were collected. After a 6-hour cold ischemia time (CIT), kidneys were implanted in the 8 recipient pigs. Throughout the warm ischemia time (WIT) and after reperfusion, kidneys were monitored. The interstitial glucose, lactate, pyruvate, glutamate, and glycerol concentrations were evaluated. Results: A significant decline in glucose level was observed at the end of CIT. The lactate level was reduced to the minimum point of 0.35 ± 0.08 mmol/L in CIT. After reperfusion, lactate values raised significantly. During the WIT, the pyruvate level increased, continued until the end of the WIT. For glutamate, a steady increase was noted during explantation, CIT, WIT, and early reperfusion phases. The increase of glycerol value continued in the early postreperfusion, which was then followed by a sharp decline. Conclusion: MD is a fast and simple minimally invasive method for measurement of metabolic substrates in renal parenchyma during KTx. MD offers the option of detecting minor changes of interstitial glucose, lactate, pyruvate, glutamate, and glycerol in every stage of KTx. Through the use of MD, metabolic changes can be continuously monitored during the entire procedure of KTx.

Topic: Metabolism and Genetic Disorders
Subfield: Clinical Biochemistry
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Analysis of divisional profitability using the residual income profile: a note on cash flows and rates of growth

The present note expands on the (Frigo and Ciecka (1995)) residual income profile in order to analyze the relationship between residual income (RI), return on investment (ROI) and cash flows. The results indicate that in addition to the question of whether RI and ROI are useful in divisional performance evaluation, both measures also have an important role to play as a means of approximating actual cash flow. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Topic: Financial Reporting and Valuation Research
Subfield: Strategy and Management
Field: Business, Management and Accounting
Domain: Social Sciences
TURKISH STUDENTS' SPIRITUALITY TODAY

Spirituality is a universal phenomenon; however, its conceptualization can differ from one culture to another. The meaning of the concept has been changing since the last couple of decades. Even though it has been previously regarded as a religious concept in terms of institutional organized religion, its meaning has altered over time initially towards personal spirituality based on religion, and then, towards spirituality totally untethered from religion in which popular interest is growing. This shift in its meaning attracted the attention of researchers, and therefore, it has become a topic of concern in academia. Nevertheless, the majority of studies have mainly been conducted in western countries with largely Christian populations. On the other hand, the research in other parts of the world is relatively scarce. Turkey is a country that forms a bridge between the West and the East, and historically has a religious culture, with a Muslim majority population. It has begun embracing western values along with the process of secularisation since the beginning of the last century. This westernizing trend has become even more evident in the so-called global era. Therefore, the objective of this investigation is to explore the contemporary perceptions of spirituality in a Turkish context. Moreover, it aims to examine whether the popular perceptions of spirituality that emerged in the western world exist in Turkey. Accordingly, qualitative interviews have been conducted with undergraduate and postgraduate university students from the departments of Psychology and Theology in Turkey. Consequently, it is found that the understandings of the term among the participants are similar to contemporary definitions of spirituality in the West. Correspondingly, it is argued that the western European conceptualisations of the term might be applicable with some qualifications in the Turkish context since there is not a substantial difference between the perceptions of spirituality in the West and Turkey.

Topic: Islamic Thought and Society Studies
Subfield: Religious studies
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Effect of inganen anticancer properties on microtobule organization.

Euphorbia tirucalli (Euphorbiaceae family) an environmental risk factor for Burkitt's lymphoma also has pharmacological activities. In the northeast of region in Brazil its latex is used as an antimicrobial, antiparasitic in the treatment of coughs, rheumatism, cancer and other disease as folk treatment. The prevalent constituents of this plant latex are diterpenes from the Inganen types (ingenol esters) as well as the tigliane (phorbol esters). Scientifically, there is not any data till now about anticancer effects of the Euphorbia tirucalli Linn., since the Ingenol esters have already presented tumor-promoting ability. Microtubules (MTs), and cytoskeletal proteins are essential in eukaryotic cells for a variety of functions, such as cellular transport, cell motility and mitosis. Single Inganen in cytoplasm can interact with these proteins and affect on their crucial functions. In this study, we showed the effects of Inganen on MT organization using ultraviolet spectrophotometer and fluorometry. The fluorescent spectroscopy showed a significant tubulin conformational change at the presence of Inganen which decrease polymerization of tubulin as well as the ultraviolet spectroscopy results. The aim of this study is to find the potential function of Inganen for treatment of cancer in cells and human organs.

Topic: Microtubule and mitosis dynamics
Subfield: Cell Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
SOLID PSEUDOPAPILLARY TUMOUR OF THE PANCREAS – A CASE REPORT

Solid-pseudopapillary tumors are unusual pancreatic neoplasms of low malignant potential that most frequently affect young women.They are histologically, clinically, and prognostically quite distinct from the more common pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas.Despite their often large size the vast majority of solid-pseudopapillary tumors are indolent neoplasms.They are confined to the pancreas in 85% of patients, and even the 10 to 15% of patients with liver or peritoneal metastases commonly enjoy long-term survival.

Topic: Pancreatic and Hepatic Oncology Research
Subfield: Oncology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
DESIGNING AN EASILY MODIFIABLE CIPHER FOR EDUCATIONAL PURPOSES

People like solving puzzles. Most people prefer those puzzles to have visual clues that can lead to the solution. This paper describes a pair of easily implemented ciphers that can be used to teach the basics of cryptanalysis using character frequency analysis. Each cipher builds from the previous and the implementer can choose to keep contextual clues such as spacing and capitalization. These ciphers are designed to both hide letter frequencies and to be broken easily. The pitfalls of developing one's own ciphers are described along the way. The hope is that this approach could be used to excite students about the field of cryptanalysis and steer them toward open standards of encryption.

Topic: Intelligence, Security, War Strategy
Subfield: Political Science and International Relations
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Using Performance Bounds to Guide Pre-scheduling Code Optimizations

We advocate using performance bounds to guide code optimizations. Accurate performance bounds establish an efficient way to evaluate benefits as well as overheads of code transformations without actually performing instruction scheduling. In this paper, we introduce a novel bound-guided approach to systematically regulate code size related instruction level parallelism (ILP) optimizations including tail duplication, loop unrolling and if-conversion. Our approach is based on the notion of code size efficiency, which is defined as the ratio of ILP improvement over code size increase. With such a notion, we can 1) develop a general approach to selectively perform optimizations to maximize the ILP improvement while minimizing the cost in code size; and 2) define the optimal tradeoff between ILP improvement and code size overhead and develop a simple heuristic to achieve this optimal tradeoff. Experimental results using SPEC CINT 2000 benchmarks show that the performance improves significantly with very little code size increase using our systematic way to regulate code transformations and the simple heuristic is effective in achieving the optimal tradeoff. 1.

Topic: Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques
Subfield: Hardware and Architecture
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Rapid Assessment of Mitochondrial Complex I Activity and Metabolic Phenotyping of Breast Cancer Cells by NAD(p)H Cytometry

Abstract Cancer cells are known to display a variety of metabolic reprogramming strategies to fulfill their own growth and proliferative agenda. With the advent of high resolution imaging strategies, metabolomics techniques, and so forth, there is an increasing appreciation of critical role that tumor cell metabolism plays in the overall breast cancer (BC) growth. In this report, we demonstrate a sensitive, flow‐cytometry‐based assay for rapidly assessing the metabolic phenotypes in isolated suspensions of breast cancer cells. By measuring the temporal variation of NAD(p)H signals in unlabeled, living cancer cells, and by measuring mitochondrial membrane potential {Δψ m } in fluorescently labeled cells, we demonstrate that these signals can reliably distinguish the metabolic phenotype of human breast cancer cells and can track the cellular sensitivity to drug candidates. We further show the utility of this metabolic ratio {Δψ m /NAD(p)H} in monitoring mitochondrial functional improvement as well as metabolic heterogeneity in primary murine tumor cells isolated from tumor biopsies. Together, these results demonstrate a novel possibility for rapid metabolic functional screening applications as well as a metabolic phenotyping tool for determining drug sensitivity in living cancer cells. © 2018 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry

Topic: Cancer, Hypoxia, and Metabolism
Subfield: Cancer Research
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Levels of Aggression in Fluctuating Populations of the Prairie Vole, Microtus ochrogaster, in Eastern Kansas

Levels of aggression, as seen through wounding, were examined throughout a density cycle of the prairie vole, Microtus ochrogaster, in eastern Kansas. Biweekly samples yielded 640 live-trapped voles for which reproductive and wounding assessments were made over a 23-mont:b period. At autopsy, the everted skin was examined for evidence of puncture wounds and scars caused by attacks from other small mammals. Wounds were graded by a wounding index and analyses performed by Chi-square tests. Levels of wounding were comparatively great in the winter season, in periods of intense reproduction, among males, and among adults. A model of population regulation based on the observed patterns of wounding is proposed.

Topic: Neuroendocrine regulation and behavior
Subfield: Social Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Is a Penny Spent a Penny Earned? Comparing Predicted to Actual Disability Insurance Savings in the Ticket to Work Program

Abstract This article compares Disability Insurance (DI) savings to those projected in the Congressional Budget Office cost estimate accompanying the Ticket to Work (TTW) authorizing legislation. Enacted with the goal of promoting employment among DI beneficiaries, TTW savings were close to predicted savings, but economic conditions reduced the impact. These findings suggest vocational rehabilitation policies need to incorporate strategies to address economic downtowns if they are to promote long‐term independence. This article highlights some of the challenges inherent to evaluations conducted without an experimental research design, while illustrating the potential of ex post analyses to assess whether expected savings materialize.

Topic: Retirement, Disability, and Employment
Subfield: Demography
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
THE METHOD OF STABILITY PROVIDING IN CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR DELAY AND DISRUPTION-TOLERANT CORPORATE COMPUTER NETWORKS

&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt; Розглянуто задачу забезпечення стійкості управління корпоративними комп’ютерними мережами. Розроблено метод стабілізації системи управління за наявності затримок в даних про сигнали управління&lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt;, що &lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt;базується на примусовому введенні полюсів системної функції всередину кола z-площини. Створено нову структуру еталонної моделі, що складається з послідовно сполучених лінійних компенсаційних ланок першого порядку.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

Topic: Cybersecurity and Information Systems
Subfield: Computer Networks and Communications
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Molecular mechanisms of self-assembly and motion of the bacterial flagellum

Microsymposia collected using the chip and X-Y plate goniometer, for optimization of crystallization conditions for both membrane proteins and macromolecular complexes.Complete data have also been collected from crystals obtained from initial screening experiments, enabling structure determination with < 3 ul sample.

Topic: Photosynthetic Processes and Mechanisms
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Publishing and studying of a group of stirrups preserved in the Gayer-Anderson Museum in Cairo With its comparison with models from paintings of the ottoman manuscripts

( En ) This study highlighted a group of masterpieces which are known as “stirrups” preserved in the Gayer-Anderson Museum in Cairo. The study has clarified its function which it is the helping of the persons in riding the horse, and the horsemen’s stability of their back. The study also dealt with the Linguistic semantics, in addition to the beginning of the appearance and development of the stirrups historically, especially the role of Muslims by Al-Muhallab Ibn Abi Sufra in making it out of iron. The study also focused on the iron that was used as a raw material in making the stirrups, the method of the industry, which represented in casting in a mold, and the decorative methods of engraving and gilding. This paper also clarified the types of the vegetal decorations on the stirrups such as bouquets of roses and leaves and fruits of pomegranates, and the types of the geometric motifs which represented in triangles, circles and pearl’s beads, and zigzag decorations. This research also highlighted the history of stirrups from the 13th century A.H. to the 19th century A.D., especially that they did not carry writings refer to its history. So they were compared with the miniatures of manuscripts and applied masterpieces which carried the same decorations. This paper focused on three unpublished masterpieces. The study included three figures which were done by the researcher. At the end this research, the study concluded six new results in the field of the Islamic Arts. (Ar) تتناول هذه الدراسة مجموعة من التحف الفنية تعرف بالرُکْب وهى محفوظة فى متحف جاير أندرسون بالقاهرة. وقد وضحت الدراسة وظيفته وهى مساعدة الأشخاص فى رکوب الخيل، وثبات الفرسان على ظهورها. کما تناولت الدراسة الدلالة اللغوية، بالإضافة إلى بداية ظهور وتطور الرُکْب تاريخياً، وخاصة دور المسلمين على يد المهلب بن أبى صفرة فى جعله يصنع من الحديد. کذلک رکزت الدراسة على المواد الخام التى إستخدمت فى صناعة الرکاب وهى الحديد، وطريقة الصناعة المتمثلة فى الصب فى قالب، والأساليب الزخرفية وهى الحفر والتذهيب، کما وضحت الدراسة أنواع الزخارف على الرُکْب موضوع الدراسة وهى الزخارف النباتية المتمثلة فى باقات الورد البلدى، وأوراق وثمار الرمان، والزخارف الهندسية مثل المثلثات والدوائر وحلقات السبحة، والزخارف الزجزاجية، کما وضحت الدراسة أيضاً تاريخ الرُکْب موضوع الدراسة من القرن 13هـ / 19م وخاصة أنها لاتحمل تاريخ وذلک من خلال مقارنتها بتصاوير المخطوطات، والتحف التطبيقية التى تحمل نفس الزخارف. کما تم نشر ثلاثة قطع تنشر لأول مرة، وتحتوى الدراسة على ثلاثة أشکال من عمل الباحث، وقد توصلت الدراسة إلى ستة نتائج جديدة فى مجال الفنون الإسلامية.

Topic: Archaeology and Historical Studies
Subfield: Archeology
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Differential Expression of miRNAs Between Young-Onset and Late-Onset Indian Colorectal Carcinoma Patients

Reports indicate a worldwide increase in the incidence of Early-Onset Colorectal Carcinoma (EOCRC) (&lt;50 years old). In an effort to understand the different modes of pathogenesis in early-onset CRC, colorectal tumors from EOCRC (&lt;50 years old) and Late-Onset patients (LOCRC; &gt;50 years old) were screened to eliminate microsatellite instability (MSI), nuclear β-catenin, and APC mutations, as these are known canonical factors in CRC pathogenesis. Small-RNA sequencing followed by comparative analysis revealed differential expression of 23 miRNAs (microRNAs) specific to EOCRC and 11 miRNAs specific to LOCRC. We validated the top 10 EOCRC DEMs in TCGA-COAD and TCGA-READ cohorts, followed by validation in additional EOCRC and LOCRC cohorts. Our integrated analysis revealed upregulation of hsa-miR-1247-3p and hsa-miR-148a-3p and downregulation of hsa-miR-326 between the two subsets. Experimentally validated targets of the above miRNAs were compared with differentially expressed genes in the TCGA dataset to identify targets with physiological significance in EOCRC development. Our analysis revealed metabolic reprogramming, downregulation of anoikis-regulating pathways, and changes in tissue morphogenesis, potentially leading to anchorage-independent growth and progression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Upregulated targets include proteins present in the basal part of intestinal epithelial cells and genes whose expression is known to correlate with invasion and poor prognosis.

Topic: MicroRNA in disease regulation
Subfield: Cancer Research
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Absence of food‐aversion learning by a polyphagous scarab, <i>Popillia japonica</i>, following intoxication by geranium, <i>Pelargonium × hortorum</i>

Abstract It is commonly held that food‐aversion learning should be more prevalent in polyphagous herbivores than in specialists. We tested the ability of Popillia japonica , a polyphagous scarab, to learn avoidance of a palatable but illness‐inducing plant. Beetles that feed on flowers of geranium, Pelargonium × hortorum , became paralyzed, although most recovered within 24 h. In choice tests, naive beetles strongly preferred geranium petals over leaves of linden, Tilia cordata , a highly suitable host. Experienced beetles maintained this preference although it resulted in repeated bouts of paralysis. Fecundity was &gt;10 times higher for beetles fed linden foliage for 2 wk than for those fed only geranium. Nevertheless, when a surplus of both foods was provided, the beetles fed mainly on geranium, resulting in greatly reduced fecundity. These results contradict the view that generalists should show propensity for food‐aversion learning. Indeed, in this case, P. japonica continued to prefer the toxic plant, compromising its fitness.

Topic: Forest Insect Ecology and Management
Subfield: Ecology
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Modeling Time-dependent Vulnerability to Environmental Hazards Using Autism and Pesticide Data

O-31C7-4 Background/Aims: Flexible modeling of time-dependent effects is required when vulnerability to hazards can be expected to vary over time but the nature of this temporal dependency cannot be specified in advance. Current methods employing distributed lag models function best when the time period in question is short and the incidences of exposures and outcomes are high. Previous efforts using hierarchical Bayesian models suffered from difficulties with convergence and sampling inefficiency. To address these limitations, we formulated a Bayesian model specifying temporal vulnerability as a step function and both exposure frequency and magnitude as unknown parameters; these were updated by pooling information separately among cases and controls. Methods: We evaluated the model employing data describing maternal residential proximity to organochlorine pesticide applications among 465 subjects with autism spectrum disorders, each matched with 15 controls (total 7440). Applications occurred during 2-day intervals ranging from 300 days prior to fertilization through 699 days after (post-natal age approximately 14 months) with a mean exposure incidence of 1.3 per 1000 subject-days. Results: Autism spectrum disorders was associated with residential proximity to pesticide applications during 2 periods (all parameters are reported as posterior medians with 95% credible intervals; dates are relative to fertilization date). The first began day −36 (−130, 58) and ended day 159 (61, 257); the second began day 346 (288, 402) and ended day 531 (379, 683). Odds ratios per 10-pound increase in organochlorines were 3.1 (1.0, 9.1) and 3.2 (0.9, 9.4), respectively. Multivariate analysis, however, suggested that the former period may have appeared due to confounding with the latter period. Conclusion: This method allowed us to detect associations between hazards and outcomes without specifying temporality in advance. We were also able to quantify uncertainty in our estimates of temporal parameters.

Topic: Mosquito-borne diseases and control
Subfield: Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
[Diagnosis of pancreatic insufficiency with fluorescein dilaurate in patients with cystic fibrosis (author's transl)].

The tubeless pancreas-function test with fluorescein dilaurate, which is based on the saponification of the test substance by pancreas-specific arylesterases, and which has proved itself in adults, was given to children for the first time. After reduction of the size of the test dose and the amount of liquid to be drunk, there were no difficulties in carrying out the test. Elimination of the fluorescein released from the flourescein dilaurate and excreted via the kidneys was clearly less in patients with cystic fibrosis than in normal subjects. Thus, the test in its modified form for children can provide adequate differentiation between normal and pathological pancreas function.

Topic: Cystic Fibrosis Research Advances
Subfield: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
3H-imipramine platelet binding sites in unipolar depression.

High-affinity 3H-imipramine binding to platelets was determined in 15 drug-free unipolar depressed women and 15 normal controls. The maximum number of binding sites (Bmax) was lower in the depressed population, but the difference fell short of statistical significance (p = 0.07). The dissociation constant for imipramine binding (Kd) was found to be significantly lower among patients than in controls (p = 0.02). The various factors that can affect the in vitro platelet assay, and the implications for affective disorder research, were discussed.

Topic: Bipolar Disorder and Treatment
Subfield: Psychiatry and Mental health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences