jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Film stress-related vacancy supersaturation in silicon under low-pressure chemical vapor deposited silicon nitride films

The effect of stress in silicon nitride films, deposited by the low-pressure chemical vapor deposition process, on the point defect concentrations in silicon has been studied. The stress level in the nitride film is varied by controlling the ratio of flow rates of reactant gases R=fSiH2Cl2/fNH3, from 1/6 to 6. The stress in the nitride film is tensile and its magnitude increases with decreasing R. During anneals at 1100 °C in Ar with a high stress in the nitride, phosphorus diffusion in silicon is retarded, antimony diffusion is enhanced, and extrinsic stacking faults shrink faster than with a low stress. These results suggest that a vacancy supersaturation and a self-interstitial undersaturation exist under the nitride and that the deviation from the equilibrium point defect concentrations are closely related to the stress level in the silicon nitride film. From the phosphorus junction profiles with varying shape width, an effective vacancy diffusivity of 3×10−10 cm2/s has been obtained.

Topic: Semiconductor materials and devices
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Cajanus cajan L. ICPL 19070

Plant Genetic Resource.<br>Taxonomy: Cajanus cajan L.<br>Common name(s): Pigeonpea<br>Conserved by: ICRISAT Plant Breeding Program, India<br>Local sample unique identifier: ICPL 19070<br>Method of creation: Novel distinct PGRFA<br>Date: 2019-08-08<br>Biological status: Breeder's line<br>MLS status: Included

Topic: Genetic and Environmental Crop Studies
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Use of Gadolinium as a Primary Criticality Control in Disposing Waste Containing Plutonium at SRS

This report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the United States Government. Neither the United States Government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, nor any of their contractors, subcontractors or their employees, makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or any third party&amp;apos;s use or the results of such use of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise, does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government or any agency thereof or its contractors or subcontractors. The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States Government or any agency thereof.

Topic: Hermeneutics and Narrative Identity
Subfield: Philosophy
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Exploring the Impact of the SBAR on Nursing Handover: A Scoping Review

Effective communication during nursing handovers is vital for ensuring patient safety and continuity of care. The SBAR (Situation, Background, Assessment, Recommendation) communication tool offers a structured framework that enhances clarity, efficiency, and reliability during shift transitions. This scoping review assesses the impact of SBAR on nursing handovers, with a focus on its effectiveness in improving communication, reducing errors, and enhancing patient safety. The review methodology guided by the PRISMA-ScR checklist, a systematic literature search was conducted across Medline, CINAHL, EMBASE, and EBSCO databases for the period January 2021 to June 2024. Thematic analysis of the identified studies indicates that SBAR significantly improves communication quality and patient safety, reduces handover-related errors, and promotes teamwork among nursing staff. Three studies reported notable reductions in errors, while two studies documented increased satisfaction among nurses and patients. Additionally, SBAR was associated with educational benefits, including improved knowledge and confidence in the handover process. The structured nature of SBAR contributes to a decrease in sentinel events linked to miscommunication and enhances nurses’ confidence and satisfaction with the handover process, thereby supporting teamwork and overall quality of care. Despite these positive outcomes, challenges remain in its implementation and integration across diverse healthcare settings. Further research is warranted to examine the long-term benefits of SBAR, compare its effectiveness with other communication tools, and optimise its application in varied clinical contexts. Addressing these areas will support SBAR’s continued role in improving nurse performance, patient safety, and healthcare quality.

Topic: Hospital Admissions and Outcomes
Subfield: Emergency Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Influence of aging on the peripheral nerve repair process using an artificial nerve conduit

The influence of aging on the induction of nerve regeneration in artificial nerve conduits has yet to be clarified. In the present study, artificial nerve conduit transplantation and histological analysis using the sciatic nerve of young and elderly mice were performed. Using 20 male C57BL/6 mice, an artificial nerve conduit was transplanted to the sciatic nerve at 8 weeks (Young group) or 70 weeks of age (Aged group), and the sciatic nerve was evaluated histologically at 1, 4 and 12 weeks after surgery. Using hematoxylin and eosin staining, the state of induction of nerve regeneration in the artificial nerve conduit was evaluated. Additionally, immunohistochemical staining was used to investigate an angiogenic marker [vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA)], Schwann cell markers [sex determining region Y-box 10 (SOX10) and S100 calcium-binding protein β (S100β)] and a nerve damage marker [nerve growth factor (NGF)]. The results revealed that the induction of nerve regeneration was significantly higher in the Young group than in the Aged group. In addition, VEGFA and SOX10 expression at 1 week, SOX10 expression at 4 weeks and SOX10, S100β and NGF expression at 12 weeks in the proximal stump were significantly higher in the Young group than in the Aged group. At the center of the artificial nerve conduit, S100β and NGF expression at 4 weeks, and VEGFA, SOX10, S100β and NGF expression at 12 weeks were significantly higher in the Young group than in the Aged group. In the distal stump, no significant difference was noted in immunostaining at any week between the two groups. The present study suggested that the nerve regeneration-inducing functions decrease due to aging.

Topic: Nerve injury and regeneration
Subfield: Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences
Studies of Nicotinic Acid Metabolism in Astasia longa

Abstract Astasia longa grown in synthetic media incorporate labeled nicotinic acid into deamido-NMN, deamido-NAD, NAD, and NADP. The specific activities of these pyridine nucleotides after a 2-min pulse are compatible with the operation of the Preiss-Handler pathway of NAD biosynthesis. Label also appeared in nicotinamide, NMN, and the N-methyl derivatives of nicotinic acid and nicotinamide, indicating a high turnover of NAD in this protozoan cell. The relative amounts of deamido-NMN, deamido-NAD, NAD, and NADP were about 1:5:20:2 in both exponentially growing cultures and in cultures synchronized by means of a repetitive temperature cycle. Appreciable synthesis of pyridine nucleotides did not begin until the middle of the warm period, when almost half of the population had divided, and synthesis continued throughout the cold period. The NAD and NADP contents of the cell were relatively constant throughout the synchrony cycle, but the ratio of deamido-NMN to deamido-NAD changed. Growth in the presence of nicotinic acid leads to an increased intracellular concentration of pyridine derivatives, suggesting that the rate of endogenous supply of deamido-NMN precursors is one rate-limiting step in the biosynthesis of NAD in Astasia. The maintenance of a high and relatively constant level of deamido-NAD indicates that the supply of endogenous deamido-NMN precursors is not the only regulatory process controlling the level of pyridine nucleotides. Growth of Astasia in the presence of high nicotinic acid concentrations leads to the synthesis of a pink pigment which does not appear to be present under normal conditions of growth, i.e. in the absence of nicotinic acid. High nicotinic acid during growth also leads to a large increase in the level of an unidentified guanine-containing nucleotide.

Topic: Photosynthetic Processes and Mechanisms
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Supplementary Table 1 from Associations between Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms in the PI3K–PTEN–AKT–mTOR Pathway and Increased Risk of Brain Metastasis in Patients with Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 82K, Associations between genotypes and brain metastases (the other 13 selected SNPs).&lt;/p&gt;

Topic: PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling in cancer
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
The Drosophila F-box protein Fbxl7 binds to the protocadherin Fat and regulates Dachs localization and Hippo signaling

The Drosophila protocadherin Fat (Ft) regulates growth, planar cell polarity (PCP) and proximodistal patterning. A key downstream component of Ft signaling is the atypical myosin Dachs (D). Multiple regions of the intracellular domain of Ft have been implicated in regulating growth and PCP but how Ft regulates D is not known. Mutations in Fbxl7, which encodes an F-box protein, result in tissue overgrowth and abnormalities in proximodistal patterning that phenocopy deleting a specific portion of the intracellular domain (ICD) of Ft that regulates both growth and PCP. Fbxl7 binds to this same portion of the Ft ICD, co-localizes with Ft to the proximal edge of cells and regulates the levels and asymmetry of D at the apical membrane. Fbxl7 can also regulate the trafficking of proteins between the apical membrane and intracellular vesicles. Thus Fbxl7 functions in a subset of pathways downstream of Ft and links Ft to D localization.

Topic: Hippo pathway signaling and YAP/TAZ
Subfield: Cell Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
MET amplification (amp) as a resistance mechanism to osimertinib.

9020 Background: Osimertinib (osi) is an EGFR T790M inhibitor. Mechanisms (mech) of acquired resistance (AR) are under study. We report a cohort of osi-AR pts with extensive pre/post-osi tissue and plasma. Methods: We analyzed 23 pts with AR to osi. Tumor biopsies (bx) underwent NGS (SNaPshot, MGH) and FISH for EGFR, MET amp (target:CEP7 &gt; 2.2.) Plasma underwent ctDNA NGS (Guardant360). Results: Of the 23 osi-treated EGFR-mutants (13 with EGFR del19, 10 L858R), 2 had de novo T790M, 21 acquired T790M. 13 had prior 3 rd gen EGFR TKIs before osi - rociletinib(11), ASP8273(1), EGF816(1). Median time on osi was 12 mo (range 2-25), med total time on 3 rd -gen EGFR TKIs was 18 mo. Bx types were tissue (16), plasma (18), and both (11, med interval 31d). All pts retained their founder EGFR mutation, but 15/23 (65%) “lost” T790M post-osi, suggesting AR arose from a T790wt subclone (Table). Common AR mech were MET amp (7/23; 30%) and EGFR C797S (5/23; 22%). 1 pt each had SCLC transformation, PIK3CA E545K/PIK3CA amp and FGFR1 D60N/FGFR1 amp. 2 pts had 2 distinct post-osi tissue bx showing heterogeneity. Pt 8 had plasma and a lung nodule with C797S/T790M while a mediastinal LN was wt at both loci. Pt 22 had MET-amp in pleural fluid but no MET amp on lung bx. Plasma identified AR mech not seen in tissue in 2/11 pts with both bx types. Among 7 pts with MET amp, 3 received combo EGFR/ MET TKI; all 3 had a RECIST PR. Conclusions: In this osi-resistant cohort, we commonly saw MET amp (30%) and C797S (22%). MET amp seems more common post-osi than after 1 st -line TKIs, and 3/3 pts responded to EGFR+MET TKIs. AR heterogeneity was seen in 2 pts with matched tissue/plasma and 2 with &gt;1 tissue bx, underscoring the complementary roles of plasma and tissue. [Table: see text]

Topic: Lung Cancer Treatments and Mutations
Subfield: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Biological action of external and internal sources of radiation. A collection of articles

Information is reviewed on the biological effects of ionizing radiation and on radiation injuries due to the combined action of external irradiation and of incorporated radioisotopes. New data on the action of fission neutrons and of neutrons mixed with other types of radiation are presented. Information on the metabolism of iodine-13l, tritium, cesium-137, strontium-90, neptunium-237, plutonium-239, and americium-241 is given. Among data pertaining to the distribution of incorporated radionuclides in the organism, those dealing with the metabolism of transuranium elements and of rare earth radioisotopes deserve particular attention. Mathematical methods for the study of the metabolism of radionuclides are discussed. Although considerable attention was paid to the transuranium elements because of their practical importance and their ioxicity, the information that is available at present on the biological effects of these elements is inadequate. The book gives experimental data on functional changes in the respiratory, cardiovascular, and other systems and on morphological changes in organs produced by some transuranium elements. It is brought out that under certain conditions the combined action of external gamma-irradiation from / sup 60/Co and of incorporated radioactive iodine may result in mutual weakening of the harmful effects exerted by the two factors rather than in theirmore » summation. (JPRS)« less

Topic: Radiation Dose and Imaging
Subfield: Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
LHD LHDGAUSS_RAY_MWRM3 #165322.1 (analyzed)

Ray trajectories for microwave reflectometry (mwrm) at set3 point obtained using ray-tracing code LHDGauss.

Topic: Menopause: Health Impacts and Treatments
Subfield: Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Robust Plant Cell Tracking in Noisy Image Sequences Using Optimal CRF Graph Matching

In time-lapse live-imaging datasets of developing multicellular tissues, automated tracking of cells is required for high-throughput spatiotemporal quantitative measurements of a range of cell behaviors. This letter proposes a conditional random field (CRF) graph matching method to track plant cells in noisy images by exploiting the tight spatial topology of neighboring cells in a multicellular field as contextual information. The CRF potential of cells dynamically changes during the cell correspondence growing process, because the cells that have been matched already are not included in the calculation of the second-order potential. Therefore, the proposed CRF-based tracker tends to reduce tracking errors, while the previous local graph matching method tends to accumulate errors during the cell correspondence growing process. The CRF graph matching method greatly improves the tracking accuracy in noisy images and enhances the tracking stability because it always matches the most reliable cell pairs with the least CRF potential in the neighboring system. Compared with the previous method, the experimental results show that the proposed method can improve the tracking accuracy rate by 10% in noisy image sequences.

Topic: Cell Image Analysis Techniques
Subfield: Biophysics
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Mesophleps apentheta Li & Sattler 2012, comb. nov.

Mesophleps apentheta (Turner, 1919) comb. nov. Nothris apentheta Turner, 1919, Proc. R. Soc. Qd 31: 164. Holotype ♂, AUSTRALIA: New South Wales, Sydney, 10.iii.1912 (Turner) (ANIC, Canberra) [examined]. Xerometra apentheta (Turner); Meyrick 1925: 170; Edwards 1996: 108. Genitalia ♂. Not examined. Genitalia ♀. Not examined. Remarks. The holotype male was superficially examined but not dissected. Meyrick (1925: 171) and Edwards (1996: 108) placed apentheta between meliphanes Lower and crocina Meyrick. Biology. Host-plant unknown. Distribution. Australia (New South Wales). Material examined (1 ♂, no genitalia preparation) Australia: 1 ♂, holotype (as above).

Topic: Lepidoptera: Biology and Taxonomy
Subfield: Genetics
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
The relationship between lymphedema, posture, respiratory functions,exercise capacity, and the quality of life after breast cancer treatment

Introduction To evaluate the relationship between lymphedema, posture, respiratory functions, exercise capacity, and the quality of life after breast cancer treatment. Methods This cross-sectional study consisted of 38 women who had unilateral breast cancer treatment. Pulmonary function with a spirometer, functional exercise capacity via 6-minute walking test, postural alignment changes, and quality of life were evaluated. Circumferential measurements were used to determine the severity of lymphedema. Results The median age of female participants was 53 years (range, 40–64). The mean body mass index was 26.66 ± 2.96 kg/m&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, of which 76% had lymphedema. The expected changes in posture were moderate. The mean of the 6-minute walking distance decreased, which corresponded to 58.55% of normative values. MIP and MEP values were significantly lower than expected values. An intermediate negative correlation was observed between postural changes and body mass index (&lt;i&gt;r&lt;/i&gt; = –0.348; &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.05). Moreover, there was a positive correlation between forced expiration volume and forced vital capacity values and walking distance (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.05). Conclusion After breast cancer treatment, 76% of female patients had lymphedema, the functional exercise capacity, MIP and MEP were below the expected values in all of them, and as functional capacity decreases, respiratory parameters affected negatively.

Topic: Lymphatic System and Diseases
Subfield: Oncology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Oxidative scission of plant cell wall polysaccharides by ascorbate-induced hydroxyl radicals

Scission of plant cell wall polysaccharides in vivo has generally been assumed to be enzymic. However, in the presence of l-ascorbate, such polysaccharides are shown to undergo non-enzymic scission under physiologically relevant conditions. Scission of xyloglucan by 1 mM ascorbate had a pH optimum of 4.5, and the maximum scission rate was reached after a 10–25-min delay. Catalase prevented the scission, whereas added H2O2 (0.1–10 mM) increased the scission rate and shortened the delay. Ascorbate caused detectable xyloglucan scission above approx. 5 µM. Dehydroascorbate was much less effective. Added Cu2+ (&amp;gt; 0.3 µM) also increased the rate of ascorbate-induced scission; EDTA was inhibitory. The rate of scission in the absence of added metals appeared to be attributable to the traces of Cu (2.8 mg·kg-1) present in the xyloglucan. Ascorbate-induced scission of xyloglucan was inhibited by radical scavengers; their effectiveness was proportional to their rate constants for reaction with hydroxyl radicals (•OH). It is proposed that ascorbate non-enzymically reduces O2 to H2O2, and Cu2+ to Cu+, and that H2O2 and Cu+ react to form •OH, which causes oxidative scission of polysaccharide chains. Evidence is reviewed to suggest that, in the wall of a living plant cell, Cu+ and H2O2 are formed by reactions involving ascorbate and its products, dehydroascorbate and oxalate. Systems may thus be in place to produce apoplastic •OH radicals in vivo. Although •OH radicals are often regarded as detrimental, they are so short-lived that they could act as site-specific oxidants targeted to play a useful role in loosening the cell wall, e.g. during cell expansion, fruit ripening and organ abscission.

Topic: Plant Stress Responses and Tolerance
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Woodhouse-Sakati syndrome: genotype–phenotype review and case of intra-familial heterogeneity

Abstract Woodhouse-Sakati syndrome (WSS) is a rare eponymous disease described by Drs. Woodhouse and Sakati in 1983 as a syndrome of hypogonadism, alopecia, diabetes mellitus, intellectual disability, and ECG abnormalities. A couple of years later, a variant in the gene DCAF17 (DDB1 and CUL4-associated factor 17) was labeled as the founder mutation in most cases of WSS in the Arabian Peninsula and the Middle East. Reports around the world started to emerge on variable presentations of the syndrome, expanding its phenotypic spectrum. In addition, the discovery of new variants in the same gene grew our understanding of this multi-systemic syndrome. Genotype and phenotype expansion is increasing with the growing number of diagnosed cases owing to the availability and advances in clinical genetic testing. This review describes the current understanding of the DCAF17 gene with its molecular implication in WSS. We also provide an extensive analysis of the documented genetic changes associated with the syndrome, describing the geographical prevalence of these genetic variations. Additionally, we examine the disorder’s extensive manifestations and clinical presentations and describe a case of intra-familial phenotypic heterogeneity.

Topic: Neurological diseases and metabolism
Subfield: Neurology
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences
IMMUNE HYDROPS FETALIS ATTRIBUTABLE TO ANTI-HJK

We describe a new low-frequency antigen as the cause of immune hydrops fetalis in a fetus presenting at 27 weeks with a hematocrit of 6%. The fetus was treated successfully by intravascular transfusion. This antigen, temporarily identified as HJK, has been detected in only one family.

Topic: Parvovirus B19 Infection Studies
Subfield: Infectious Diseases
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Rita McGrath: anticipating and exploiting strategic inflection points

Purpose An interview with Rita McGrath a pioneer of “discovery-driven planning,” now widely recognized as one of the most effective approaches for strategy development in the face of uncertainty. Design/methodology/approach Her research and experience interacting with executive teams positions her to offer corporate leaders practical perspectives and advice on how to approach strategically the great opportunities and dangers that lie ahead in this VUCA environment. Findings Major inflection points that create real change unfold gradually, then suddenly. Because they do take a while to unfold, an astute strategist who was paying attention to the signs could take advantage of the inflection. The future doesn’t happen all at once. It begins to unfold unevenly, and if you can “interview” where it is starting to take place now, you can begin to develop an early point of view about it. Practical implications There’s no substitute for watching how customers interact with your product or service and listening to their conversations about their experience. Originality/value McGrath’s thesis is when an inflection point does indeed reach a tipping point, it can feel as though it came out of nowhere. Her advice: if you are making a series of small options-style investments that are at the “edges” of your mainstream activities, you are likely to pick up on weak signals that allow you to, in an optimistic scenario, surf along an inflection point so that when the opportunity presents itself, you can move with speed to capture an advantage.

Topic: Complex Systems and Decision Making
Subfield: Management Science and Operations Research
Field: Decision Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences