jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Mass-Independent Sulfur Isotope Fractionation in the Photochemical SO2 Processes under the UV Radiation of Different Wave Length

A series of photochemical experiments with sulfur dioxide were carried out using a xenon lamp (λ > 200 nm), a low-pressure mercury lamp (λ = 184.9 and 253.7 nm), and an UP-213 laser system (λ = 213 nm) as light sources. Based on the isotope data obtained for elemental sulfur (the end product of SO2 photolysis), we revealed specifics in correlations between δ34S, ∆33S, and ∆36S values depending on the spectral characteristics of the incident radiation. Our studies showed that the Archean Δ33S/δ34S and Δ36S/Δ33S ratios could be reproduced in the SO2 photolysis experiments by combining spectral composition of the radiation, the intensity of the spectral components, and the partial pressure of SO2. The results of the experiments suggest that the UV radiation with wavelengths less than 200 nm was a determining factor in the production of sulfur isotopic anomalies in the Archean atmosphere.

Topic: Atmospheric Ozone and Climate
Subfield: Atmospheric Science
Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences
Domain: Physical Sciences
Dostoevsky and the Idiot: Author, Narrator, and Reader. By Robin Feuer Miller. Cambridge, Mass. and London: Harvard University Press, 1981. xiv, 296 pp. $20.00.

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Topic: Russian Literature and Bakhtin Studies
Subfield: Education
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Occurrence Download

A dataset containing 115 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query: { "and" : [ "Country is United States of America", "GadmGid is USA.3.15_1", "TaxonKey is Phrynosoma mcallii" ] } The dataset includes 115 records from 10 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0054203-250920141307145/datasets/export for details. Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.

Topic: Construction Project Management and Performance
Subfield: Management Science and Operations Research
Field: Decision Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Scenario for the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) for Brookhaven National Laboratory

This document summarizes the work and contribution of several people during the period November 1, 1983, when the RHIC Task Force was formed, and May 1984 when the compiler of this work left the Task Force to return to this original institution.

Topic: Particle Accelerators and Free-Electron Lasers
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Committee on Pesticide Formulations and Disinfectants

Journal Article Committee on Pesticide Formulations and Disinfectants Get access Richard H Collier, Richard H Collier Chairman Purdue University, Center for Environmental and Regulatory Information, 1231 Cumberland Ave, Suite A, West Lafayette, IN 47907-1317 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Peter Bland, Peter Bland ICI Americas, Inc., Western Research Center, 1200 S. 47th St, PO Box 4023, Richmond, CA 94804-0023 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Warren Bontoyan, Warren Bontoyan Maryland Dept. of Agriculture State Chemist, 50 Harry S. Truman Pkwy, Annapolis, MD 21401 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Thaddeus J Czerkowicz, Thaddeus J Czerkowicz U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Bldg 306, BARC, Beltsville, MD 20705 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Arthur H Hofberg, Arthur H Hofberg Ciba-Geigy Corp., Analytical Section, PO Box 18300, Greensboro, NC 27419 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Margaret A Nemeth, Margaret A Nemeth Committee Statistician Monsanto Agricultural Co., 800 N. Lindbergh Blvd, St. Louis, MO 63167 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Harry Ostapenko, Harry Ostapenko Safety Adviser Heinz USA, 1062 Progress St, Pittsburgh, PA 15212 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Fran Porter, Fran Porter Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services, Division of Chemistry, Tallahassee, FL 32301 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Stephen C Slahck Stephen C Slahck Secretary Mobay Corporation, Miles Inc., Agriculture Division, PO Box 4913, Kansas City, MO 64120-0013 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL, Volume 76, Issue 1, 1 January 1993, Pages 172–174, https://doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/76.1.172 Published: 14 January 2020

Topic: Pesticide Residue Analysis and Safety
Subfield: Food Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Peer Review #1 of "The use of audio self-hypnosis to promote weight loss using the transtheoretical model of change: a randomized clinical pilot trial (v0.2)"

Background.Few studies suggest the use of hypnosis in weight loss may be beneficial, especially when in conjunction with other lifestyle modifications or cognitive behavioral therapy.The primary aim of this study was to determine the ability of self-hypnosis audiotape to promote weight loss by meaning its effects on the Transtheoretical Model of Change stages and processes.Methods.This study is a 3-week randomized doubleblinded parallel controlled trial among adults who have overweight or obesity.The intervention group listened to a self-hypnosis audio file while the control group listened to a placebo audio file.Results.Forty-six participants completed the 3-week follow-up visit.There was no association between progression across stages of change and self-hypnosis (X2(2, 46) = 1.909, p-value=0.580).Gender, baseline BMD, and baseline S-weight had no effect on the association between stage change progression and self-hypnosis.The mean difference in weight at three weeks was -0.63±0.43Kg in the hypnosis group and 0.0±1.5 Kg in the control group, independent t-test, p= 0.148.Conclusion.Self-hypnosis was not associated with a progression in the TTM's stages of change or with weight loss after three weeks.As this pilot study was underpowered, further research with larger sample size and an examination of the effect of various self-hypnosis content and duration is recommended.

Topic: Music Therapy and Health
Subfield: Social Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Streptomyces rpoB diversity across a latitudinal soil gradient in New Zealand

A collection of data regarding the analysis of soil <i>Streptomyces</i> communities across New Zealand as assessed via high-throughput Illumina sequencing of <i>Streptomyces rpoB</i> gene amplicons.<br>

Topic: Actinomycetales infections and treatment
Subfield: Microbiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Diabetic Neuropathic Pain Pathophysiology and Pain Management

Background: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is the most common cause of neuropathy in the Western world. There are 12,000,000 patients with non-insulin dependent DM (NIDDM) in the USA and 1,000,000 patients with insulin dependent DM (IDDM). At present 20% of people more than 65 years old have DM, by 2010 it will be more than 30%. Neuropathy occurs in NIDDM and IDDM, but may develop sooner after diagnosis in NIDDM. Medication selection should be individualized, considering side effects, potent beneficial or deleterious effects on comorbidities, and whether prompt onset of pain relief is necessary.

Topic: Pain Mechanisms and Treatments
Subfield: Physiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Hidden Factors in Diagnosing Alzheimer’s Disease

Diagnoses of Alzheimer’s, dementia and other mental health conditions using the “family history method” can often be inaccurate, biased and possibly ill-motivated. Definitive clinical testing and/or biological tests rarely exist for most mental illnesses. Even when tests (such as PET scans or excess Abeta42 in cerebral spinal fluid indicating presence of neuronal plaques, for example) and other suggestive biomarkers are "positive", there are often no outward cognitive-behavioural symptoms or symptomatic evidence associated with the alleged mental illness (and vice-versa). Furthermore, environmental stressors, dehydration and other fully curable illness and treatable issues such as urinary tract infections, delirium, drug interactions and insomnia can quickly create outward ‘false’ symptoms of mental illnesses, often mistaken for true mental health diagnoses. Therefore, a comprehensive consideration of ex parte narratives, experience, familiarity and also possible underlying motivations, of even the most well-meaning family members in the “family history method” of mental illness diagnoses, currently used by doctors and other professionals, should be revisited.

Topic: Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
Subfield: Psychiatry and Mental health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Pendeteksi Kesamaan Dokumen pada Sistem Informasi Pendaftaran Proposal Skripsi dengan Pendekatan Algoritma Rabin-Karp

Plagiarism is a significant problem in many areas, including universities. plagiarism is usually performed on digital content is to copy-paste of the original document. To anticipate, we need a way to analyze the technique of plagiarism. There are several approaches that can be taken, for example by using a search algorithm Rabin-Karp string because these algorithms can be used to detect plagiarism in a text document. In the testing phase, the test documents used were three documents with similarity level categories of low, medium and high. From some of the testing that has been done, this approach can find the longest quote the same between the two text documents and measure the similarity of text documents. With this system will help prevent acts of plagiarism in the thesis proposal registration so that the absence of the same thesis.&#x0D; Keywords: Plagiarism, Rabin-Karp algorithm, Similarity, Document

Topic: Edcuational Technology Systems
Subfield: Artificial Intelligence
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
The Effect of Organic/Inorganic Hybridization on the Structures

ABSTRACT: Polyvinyl acetate (PVAc) and PVAc/titanium dioxide (TiO2) nano-fiber mats were prepared by electrospinning process. In this study, three types of solution were used. The first was PVAc dissolved in only acetone, the second was prepared by adding TiO2 sol into PVAc–acetone solution in sol–gel method, the third was prepared by adding ethanol into PVAc–acetone solution. The effect of solution properties such as viscosity, surface tension, and electrical conductivity on the formation and morphology of electrospun fibers was investigated. Pure PVAc had a beads-on-string structure, but the beads almost disappeared when the TiO2

Topic: Electrospun Nanofibers in Biomedical Applications
Subfield: Biomaterials
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Study of a House

A photo of a realistic watercolor painting of an up-close house. The house looks almost hidden because of the light cream color used. The pale red roof allows the house to be seen. The house has windows, some of which have dark shadowing that reflects the angle of the sun. The blue sky, green foliage, and pale lime green trees soften the starkness of the house and welcome the visitor that treads on the sidewalk up the four stairs and to the front door. The pale colors of the flowers and trees are gentle and welcoming. The older era house looks like a Southern style house.

Topic: DNA Repair Mechanisms
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Kyanite produced in a granitic aureole

Summary An occurrence of kyanite in the inner aureole of a granodiorite intrusion is described from south-western Ghana. Greenschist facies phyllites have been elevated to the amphibolite facies and the regional strike of these country rocks has been disrupted by the intrusion, so that clear evidence is available of the time relationships. It is concluded that the kyanite crystallized as the result of the forceful intrusion of the granodiorite, probably under epizonal conditions.

Topic: Geological and Geochemical Analysis
Subfield: Geophysics
Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences
Domain: Physical Sciences
PRENATAL DEVELOPMENT OF RADIO-ULNAR AND TIBIO-FIBULAR BONES IN RED SOKOTO GOAT (CAPRA HIRCUS): A HISTOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE

Ability of ruminate neonates to run with the herd hours after birth necessitated this study. This study, therefore, was carried out to evaluate morphometry of radio-ulnar and tibio-fibular bones during prenatal period in Red Sokoto goat (RSG) and determined the specific gestation days of primary and secondary ossifications. A total of 45 abbatoir-sourced foetal samples obtained from slaughter houses were used for the study. The foetuses were categorized into eight age groups, based on established aging formulae. The radio-ulnar and tibio-fibular bones of foetuses were collected and prepared for histological examination. Results showed that primary ossification centre of the diaphysis was established by gestation day (GD) 54 in RSG fetuses with formation of tiny bone spicules in the diaphysis. This ossification spread towards the epiphysis by GD 57 while the epiphysis remained quiescent. Secondary ossification centre in the epiphysis was observed by GD 65 with numerous cartilage canals which coalesced into larger ones by GD 75, all associated with osteogenic tissues. Well advanced secondary ossification centre was observed by GD 90. Well-developed epiphyseal cartilage which separated well-formed and advanced diaphyseal and epiphyseal bones was observed at GD 105. Complete ossification of the diaphysis and epiphysis, leaving an epiphyseal plate, was observed at GD 124.

Topic: Genetic and phenotypic traits in livestock
Subfield: Genetics
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
SurgXBench: Explainable Vision-Language Model Benchmark for Surgery

Innovations in digital intelligence are transforming robotic surgery with more informed decision-making. Real-time awareness of surgical instrument presence and actions (e.g., cutting tissue) is essential for such systems. Yet, despite decades of research, most machine learning models for this task are trained on small datasets and still struggle to generalize. Recently, vision-Language Models (VLMs) have brought transformative advances in reasoning across visual and textual modalities. Their unprecedented generalization capabilities suggest great potential for advancing intelligent robotic surgery. However, surgical VLMs remain under-explored, and existing models show limited performance, highlighting the need for benchmark studies to assess their capabilities and limitations and to inform future development. To this end, we benchmark the zero-shot performance of several advanced VLMs on two public robotic-assisted laparoscopic datasets for instrument and action classification. Beyond standard evaluation, we integrate explainable AI to visualize VLM attention and uncover causal explanations behind their predictions. This provides a previously underexplored perspective in this field for evaluating the reliability of model predictions. We also propose several explainability analysis-based metrics to complement standard evaluations. Our analysis reveals that surgical VLMs, despite domain-specific training, often rely on weak contextual cues rather than clinically relevant visual evidence, highlighting the need for stronger visual and reasoning supervision in surgical applications.

Topic: Radiomics and Machine Learning in Medical Imaging
Subfield: Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Rabbits in context: thinking about when, where, and why we need to protect rabbits from pesticides in Europe

Abstract In the European regulatory system for pesticides used in agriculture, there is a legal requirement to ensure acceptable risk to wild mammals; among them, the rabbit. However, rabbits are also sometimes considered an agricultural pest. In this review paper, we introduce the history and context of rabbits across Europe and discuss the relevance of protecting them from pesticides on agricultural land. We also discuss potential protection and conservation measures for rabbits, where protection is considered relevant. We include information about life history and behavior of rabbits and some of the factors regulating their populations. We found that there are many factors to consider in the context of protecting rabbits from pesticides in Europe. We conclude that local consideration by environmental risk managers at a relatively small scale (certainly subcountry) seems appropriate, in collaboration with agricultural policy makers, to decide whether rabbit populations need specific protection from potential effects of pesticides under the local circumstances. Overall, we hope to stimulate a more thoughtful and informed discussion on the contentious case of the rabbit in wildlife risk assessments in Europe.

Topic: Rabbits: Nutrition, Reproduction, Health
Subfield: Animal Science and Zoology
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Second order linearized theory of free-surface flow in porous media

Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image sizeOn examine l'écoulement à surface libre d'un liquide incompressible et homogène dans un milieu poreux isotrope, homogène et indéformable. Pour résoudre exactement un tel problème, il est nécessaire de déterminer le potentiel de vitesse, φ, comme fonction harmonique (équation I.1) respectant une condition aux limites non linéaire (équation I.2) sur la surface libre inconnue en mouvement (équation I.3). Une méthode approchée consiste à développer les expressions, correspondant au potentiel, et à la surface libre, en une série exponentielle d'un paramètre ε de faible valeur (équations II.1, II.2), semblable à l'approximation des ondes infinitésimales. On dérive ensuite les équations définissant les deux premiers termes (équations II.8, II.9). Alors que les fonctions restent harmoniques, les conditions à la surface libre deviennent linéaires, et sont posées pour une surface permanente, et a priori connue. Deux cas sont examinés en détail, d'une part, celui d'une surface permanente correspondant à un plan incliné (équations II.10-II.13, fig. 1 a), et d'autre part, celui d'une surface plane et horizontale (équations II.14-II.16, fig. 1 b). On examine la convergence des développements en fonction d'un paramètre de faible valeur, pour le cas d'un écoulement plan se dirigeant vers un ensemble de puits (fig. 2), pour lequel Van Deemter avait trouvé une solution exacte. Il apparaît la possibilité de développer le potentiel complexe Ω en une série (équation III.15), convergente pour une valeur arbitraire de ε. Deux exemples de solutions du deuxième ordre sont présentés. Dans le cas d'un écoulement plan permanent par un barrage, le profil de la surface libre est défini par l'équation IV.8. On montre que l'on aboutit à une évaluation exacte du débit, et que ces résultats sont voisins de celui obtenu à l'aide des hypothèses de Dupuit, à condition que l'écoulement soit peu profond (équations IV.17, IV.18). On calcule le profil de la surface libre pour le cas d'un écoulement profond (équation VI.19, fig. 4). L'amortissement d'une surface libre initiale de profil cosinusoïdal est un exemple d'un écoulement non permanent. La solution est exprimée par l'équation IV.24. On croit pouvoir obtenir une importante classe de nouvelles solutions à l'aide de la théorie linéarisée.

Topic: Advanced Mathematical Modeling in Engineering
Subfield: Computational Theory and Mathematics
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
The Original Meaning of the Dutch Word polder

Abstract The origin of the word polder is contested. The older theories derive polder from Dutch pol (‘sod of grass, top, head, higher piece of land’, cognate with English poll(e) and Middle-Low-German pol(le) ) or from Dutch poel (‘puddle, pond of still water’; cognate with German Pfuhl , English pool and Middle-Low German pōl(e)/pūl ). In this article the author will review the etymological explanations and offer new support for a connection with poel . The original meaning of polder must have been ‘a land covered in puddles, wetland, marshy ground’.

Topic: Linguistics and language evolution
Subfield: Language and Linguistics
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
The Influence of the Non-Liquefied Crust on the Severity of Surficial Liquefaction Manifestations: Case History from the 2016 Valentine’s Day Earthquake in New Zealand

The influence of the non-liquefied crust that overlies a liquefied deposit on the severity of surficial liquefaction manifestations has been noted for several decades. In 1985, Ishihara proposed a generalize relationship relating the thicknesses of the non-liquefied crust and of the liquefied stratum to the severity of surficial liquefaction manifestations. Although subsequent studies using data from multiple earthquakes give credence to Ishihara's relationship, the implementation of the procedure is tenuous for all but the simplest of profiles. In an effort to overcome issues with implementing the Ishihara relationship, new procedures have been proposed for predicting the severity of surficial liquefaction manifestations. The efficacies of two of these procedures are currently being assessed in a study using unique case history data from the 2016, Mw5.7 Valentine's Day earthquake that impacted Christchurch, New Zealand. Preliminary results from this study show that both procedures yield predictions that are in accord with field observations. However, the final results from the ongoing study are expected to more fully assess the efficacies of these procedures.

Topic: Geotechnical Engineering and Underground Structures
Subfield: Civil and Structural Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
IDENTIFIKASI FAKTOR–FAKTOR PENYEBAB ALIH FUNGSI LAHAN SAWAH MENJADI NON SAWAH DI KECAMATAN TOMPASOBARU KABUPATEN MINAHASA SELATAN

This study aims to identify factors causing the conversion of wetland to non-rice field in Tompaso Baru Sub-district of South Minahasa Regency. This research was conducted for 3 months from December 2017 until January 2018. The data used in this research are primary data and secondary data. Primary data was optained from interview to respondent, while secondary data was optained from Tompaso Baru District office and BP4K. The result of the research shows the factors causing the conversion of rice field in Tompaso Baru sub-district of South Minahasa Regency are economic factors (low farm income, land selling price), policy, and availability of water.*ghmk*.

Topic: Agriculture and Agroindustry Studies
Subfield: General Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences