jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Formulating an adaptable e-training framework to computer science educators

This work presents the potential use of a versatile time-scheduling tele-education platform (t-STEP), based on the Greek School Network (GSN), to provide a robust and comprehensive e-training course for computer science educators in order to efficiently exploit advanced IT services and establish a modern and attractive education environment in the Greek society. Findings from the evaluation of the e-training course based on the t-STEP are presented, complemented with indicative enhancements and adaptation hints targeting both the functionality of t-STEP and the provided educational topics.

Topic: Online and Blended Learning
Subfield: Education
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Latency-Aware Tactile Cyber-Physical Systems for Mission-Critical Applications

The Internet has revolutionized global connectivity and enabled sharing information through communication networks. The Internet has evolved over different stages of fixed, Mobile Internet, Internet of Things (IoT), and now Tactile Internet. The objective of Tactile Internet is to address the challenges of achieving real-time interaction between physical and virtual worlds. Applications of Tactile Internet in different fields increased to multi-fold involving precise human-to-machine and machine-to-machine interactions that require Ultra-Reliable Low Latency Communications (URLLC) present in 5G networks. Tactile Cyber-Physical System (TCPS) based communications are being used in time-critical applications with high reliability of data. In this paper, the standards and design considerations helpful for achieving Tactile Internet are discussed. A detailed plan for a Tactile Internet backbone testbed implementation between Bangalore and Chennai cities of India is also discussed in detail in this paper. This paper also proposes an IEEE 802.1 TSN testbed to study latency, jitter parameters, and design considerations, in the context of Tactile Internet for mission-critical applications.

Topic: Network Time Synchronization Technologies
Subfield: Computer Networks and Communications
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Study on Demonstration of Orchards Building in Loess Plateau on Mountain Slope Land

The productivity of apple, pear,and Chinese date in slopping field were studied in altiplanogully region,first and second hilly subsidiary region in Loess Plateau. The results shown that with the application of the new techniques the fruittrees growth and productivity were increased markedly; the fertility of soil index values were higher 3%～121%, the pure economical income was higher 2.8～7 times; the relative variation, absolut variation and coefficient variation of productivity and production value were lower; the fruittree field took on higher stability and renewal capacity than those of cropland. Those above indicated that sloping field displacing with garden was a important approach of efficient utilization of land resources in Loess Plateau.

Topic: Forest, Soil, and Plant Ecology in China
Subfield: Education
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Channel Estimation for One-Bit Multiuser Massive MIMO Using Conditional GAN

Channel estimation is a challenging task, especially in a massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system with one-bit analog-to-digital converters (ADC). Traditional deep learning (DL) methods, that learn the mapping from inputs to real channels, have significant difficulties in estimating accurate channels because their loss functions are not well designed and investigated. In this paper, a conditional generative adversarial networks (cGAN) is developed to predict more realistic channels by adversarially training two DL networks. cGANs not only learn the mapping from quantized observations to real channels but also learn an adaptive loss function to correctly train the networks. Numerical results show that the proposed cGAN based approach outperforms existing DL methods and achieves high robustness in massive MIMO systems.

Topic: Wireless Signal Modulation Classification
Subfield: Artificial Intelligence
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
The Application of TEM in Tunnel Advanced Geological Forecast

Introduce TEM detection principles and methods in tunnel advanced geological forecast, combined with application examples Huaying Mountain Tunnel, pointed out the advantages and deficiencies of TEM geological prediction, indicating TEM should be integrated application seismic reflection method, electromagnetic wave reflection method, in order to grasp a full range of geological conditions in front of the working face, in order to achieve guiding the construction.

Topic: Geoscience and Mining Technology
Subfield: Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
The East Meets the West in Contemporary Eastern European Films

Europe is not a unitary space, and there are still sharp distinctions between Eastern Europe and Western Europe, distinctions which are brought out in a number of contemporary Eastern European films. Images of the West, and of what it means to be a Westerner or a European, have inevitably changed over the last few decades, and in this chapter I compare images from the communist period with images that can be found in at least a small number of art house films from the early 21st century. In the films I examine, there is a blurring of boundaries between Western Europe and the West more generally. Either way, contemporary images of the West in the Eastern European films I examine are rarely positive, and rarely buy into the image of Europe promoted by the European Union.

Topic: Eastern European Communism and Reforms
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Thoracic duct identification with indocyanine green fluorescence during minimally invasive esophagectomy with patient in prone position

Abstract Chylothorax is a serious complication of transthoracic esophagectomy. Intraoperative thoracic duct (TD) identification represents a possible tool for preventing or repairing its lesions, and it is most of the time difficult, even during high-definition thoracoscopy. The aim of the study is to demonstrate the feasibility of using near-infrared fluorescence-guided thoracoscopy to identify TD anatomy and check its intraoperative lesions during minimally invasive esophagectomy. A 0.5 mg/kg solution of indocyanine green (ICG) was injected percutaneously in the inguinal nodes of 19 patients undergoing minimally invasive esophagectomy in a prone position, before thoracoscopy. TD anatomy and potential intraoperative lesions were checked with the KARL STORZ OPAL1® Technology. In all of the 19 patients where transthoracic esophagectomy was feasible, the TD was clearly identified after a mean of 52.7 minutes from injection time. The TD was cut for oncological radicality in two patients, and it was successfully ligated under the ICG guide. No postoperative chylothorax or adverse reactions from the ICG injection occurred. The TD identification with indocyanine green fluorescence during minimally invasive esophagectomy is a simple, effective, and non-time-demanding tool; it may become a standard procedure to prevent postoperative chylothorax.

Topic: Lymphatic Disorders and Treatments
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Summary statistics (mean, standard deviation, F-value and p-value of interactions) of GRF data for shod (SH) and barefoot (BF) running, before (PRE) and after (POST) training.

&lt;p&gt;Summary statistics (mean, standard deviation, F-value and p-value of interactions) of GRF data for shod (SH) and barefoot (BF) running, before (PRE) and after (POST) training.&lt;/p&gt;

Topic: Wheat and Barley Genetics and Pathology
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Renal denervation inhibits hypothalamo-sympathetic nerve system in normotensive and hypertensive rats.

The role of the renal nerve in influencing the hypothalamo-sympathetic nerve system to regulate the cardiovascular system was studied in normotensive Wistar and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Renal denervation attenuated pressor and sympathetic nerve responses to electrical stimulation of the hypothalamus without lowering the basal blood pressure at 48 hours after denervated operation. These findings suggest that renal denervation could inhibit the hypothalamo-sympathetic nerve system in normotensive rats. The development of hypertension in SHR was completely inhibited by renal denervation during 2 weeks of observation (from 7 to 9 weeks of age) without increasing water intake and urine volume. Pressor responses to intravenous injection of norepinephrine were not affected by renal denervation. The results show that the antihypertensive effect of renal denervation was not due to the changing of vascular reactivity. Pressor and sympathetic nerve responses to hypothalamic stimulation were strongly diminished in renal denervated rats. These results suggest that renal denervation strongly inhibited they hypothalamo-sympathetic nerve system. It is also suggested that the renal afferent nerve may facilitate the hypothalamo-sympathetic nerve system in regulating blood pressure and that this facilitation may contribute to the development of hypertension in SHR.

Topic: Stress Responses and Cortisol
Subfield: Behavioral Neuroscience
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences
Oligonucleotides Containing Novel 4′-C- or 3′-C-(Aminoalkyl)-Branched Thymidines

The synthesis of four novel 3′-C-branched and 4′-C-branched nucleosides and their transformation into the corresponding 3′-O-phosphoramidite building blocks for automated oligonucleotide synthesis is reported. The 4′-C-branched key intermediate 11 was synthesized by a convergent strategy and converted to its 2′-O-methyl and 2′-deoxy-2′-fluoro derivatives, leading to the preparation of novel oligonucleotide analogues containing 4′-C-(aminomethyl)-2′-O-methyl monomer X and 4′-C-(aminomethyl)-2′-deoxy-2′-fluoro monomer Y (Schemes 2 and 3). In general, increased binding affinity towards complementary single-stranded DNA and RNA was obtained with these analogues compared to the unmodified references (Table 1). The presence of monomer X or monomer Y in a 2′-O-methyl-RNA oligonucleotide had a negative effect on the binding affinity of the 2′-O-methyl-RNA oligonucleotide towards DNA and RNA. Starting from the 3′-C-allyl derivative 28, 3′-C-(3-aminopropyl)-protected nucleosides and 3′-O-phosphoramidite derivatives were synthesized, leading to novel oligonucleotide analogues containing 3′-C-(3-aminopropyl)thymidine monomer Z or the corresponding 3′-C-(3-aminopropyl)-2′-O,5-dimethyluridine monomer W (Schemes 4 and 5). Incorporation of the 2′-deoxy monomer Z induced no significant changes in the binding affinity towards DNA but decreased binding affinity towards RNA, while the 2′-O-methyl monomer Z induced decreased binding affinity towards DNA as well as RNA complements (Table 2).

Topic: DNA and Nucleic Acid Chemistry
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
LACK of DNA SYNTHESIS INHIBITORY ACTIVITY IN an IMMUNOSUPPRESSOR OBTAINED FROM SPLEEN

ABSTRACT A tissue extract derived from bovine spleen which is an immunosuppressor in vivo inhibits the incorporation of the two DNA pyrimidine nucleosides but does not inhibit the incorporation of purine nucleosides. the results indicate that the immunosuppressive action of the spleen extract is not mediated via inhibition of cell division.

Topic: RNA Interference and Gene Delivery
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Constructive Grounded Theory in the Search for Meaning on Global Mindedness: a Novice Researcher’s Guide

This article follows the author’s own journey as a novice grounded theorist reflecting on the choices and challenges faced at each stage of the research process. The purpose of the research study itself was to explore the concept of global mindedness and to assess the existing awareness and interpretation of the global mindedness construct from within the domain of the coaching profession. Global mindedness is a theoretical construct and an abstract concept; constructive grounded theory was considered an appropriate methodology to use because it allows for the exploration of the lived experience.

Topic: Education and Critical Thinking Development
Subfield: Education
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Evolution and Advancement of Adult Spinal Deformity Research and Clinical Care: An Overview of the Scoli-RISK-1 Study

Study Design: Narrative review. Objective: The prevalence of adult spinal deformity (ASD) has been cited anywhere between 2-32%, while the prevalence in the elderly population has been estimated at 68%. Neurologic complications following ASD surgery remains a concern. Previous literature reported incidence of neurologic complications varied between 1-10%, while non-neurologic complications reported were as high as 50%. To assess the incidence of neurologic deficits, complications, and outcomes following ASD surgery, an international group of spine deformity surgeons initiated a prospective, multicenter, international, observational study: Scoli-RISK-1. Methods: Two hundred seventy-two patients were enrolled from 15 centers with ASD having primary or revision surgery with a major Cobb≥80°, revision including an osteotomy, and/or a complex 3-column osteotomy. Patients had lower extremity muscle strength (LEMS) exams performed preoperatively and at specific time points through 2-year follow-up. Results: Preoperatively, 203 patients (74.9%) had no LEMS impairment (normal) and 68 (25.1%) had a LEMS of &lt;50 (abnormal). Compared with baseline, 23.0% of all patients experienced a LEMS decline at discharge, with this rate decreasing to 17.1% at 6-weeks and to 9.9% at 6-months and remaining stable at 10.0% at 2-years. Conclusion: This study revealed that a decline in LEMS after complex ASD surgery is common and more frequent than previously reported. We identified such a decline in 23.0% of patients at discharge, with neurologic function recovering over time to a decline of 10.0% at 2-years postoperatively. The Scoli-RISK-1 study revealed valuable information regarding the incidence, natural history, and prognosis of neurologic and non-neurologic complications following ASD surgery and provides useful information for patient counseling.

Topic: Scoliosis diagnosis and treatment
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Solving a class of multi-scale elliptic PDEs by means of Fourier-based mixed physics informed neural networks

Deep neural networks have garnered widespread attention due to their simplicity and flexibility in the fields of engineering and scientific calculation. In this study, we probe into solving a class of elliptic partial differential equations(PDEs) with multiple scales by utilizing Fourier-based mixed physics informed neural networks(dubbed FMPINN), its solver is configured as a multi-scale deep neural network. In contrast to the classical PINN method, a dual (flux) variable about the rough coefficient of PDEs is introduced to avoid the ill-condition of neural tangent kernel matrix caused by the oscillating coefficient of multi-scale PDEs. Therefore, apart from the physical conservation laws, the discrepancy between the auxiliary variables and the gradients of multi-scale coefficients is incorporated into the cost function, then obtaining a satisfactory solution of PDEs by minimizing the defined loss through some optimization methods. Additionally, a trigonometric activation function is introduced for FMPINN, which is suited for representing the derivatives of complex target functions. Handling the input data by Fourier feature mapping will effectively improve the capacity of deep neural networks to solve high-frequency problems. Finally, to validate the efficiency and robustness of the proposed FMPINN algorithm, we present several numerical examples of multi-scale problems in various dimensional Euclidean spaces. These examples cover both low-frequency and high-frequency oscillation cases, demonstrating the effectiveness of our approach. All code and data accompanying this manuscript will be made publicly available at \href{https://github.com/Blue-Giant/FMPINN}{https://github.com/Blue-Giant/FMPINN}.

Topic: Model Reduction and Neural Networks
Subfield: Statistical and Nonlinear Physics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
<i>Sox2</i>deficiency causes neurodegeneration and impaired neurogenesis in the adult mouse brain

In many species, the Sox2 transcription factor is a marker of the nervous system from the beginning of its development, and we have previously shown that Sox2 is expressed in embryonic neural stem cells. It is also expressed in, and is essential for, totipotent inner cell mass stem cells and other multipotent cell lineages, and its ablation causes early embryonic lethality. To investigate the role of Sox2 in the nervous system, we generated different mouse mutant alleles: a null allele(Sox2β-geo `knock-in'), and a regulatory mutant allele (Sox2ΔENH), in which a neural cell-specific enhancer is deleted. Sox2 is expressed in embryonic early neural precursors of the ventricular zone and, in the adult, in ependyma (a descendant of the ventricular zone). It is also expressed in the vast majority of dividing precursors in the neurogenic regions, and in a small proportion of differentiated neurones, particularly in the thalamus, striatum and septum. Compound Sox2β-geo/ΔENH heterozygotes show important cerebral malformations, with parenchymal loss and ventricle enlargement, and L-dopa-rescuable circling behaviour and epilepsy. We observed striking abnormalities in neurones; degeneration and cytoplasmic protein aggregates, a feature common to diverse human neurodegenerative diseases, are observed in thalamus, striatum and septum. Furthermore, ependymal cells show ciliary loss and pathological lipid inclusions. Finally, precursor cell proliferation and the generation of new neurones in adult neurogenic regions are greatly decreased, and GFAP/nestin-positive hippocampal cells, which include the earliest neurogenic precursors, are strikingly diminished. These findings highlight a crucial and unexpected role for Sox2 in the maintenance of neurones in selected brain areas, and suggest a contribution of neural cell proliferative defects to the pathological phenotype.

Topic: Congenital heart defects research
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
[From new vaccine to new target: revisiting influenza vaccination].

Annual vaccination is since many years the corner stone of Influenza control strategy. Because conventional vaccine are needle-based, are less immunogenic in old people and induce only systemic IgG production, intranasal and intradermal vaccines that are recently or will be soon available in Belgium will offer distinct advantages. Intradermal vaccination is on the Belgian market since 2010. A stronger immune response that allows an antigen sparing strategy is elicited because antigens are delivered near the dermal dendritic cells. Local side effects are more pronounced than after intramuscular injection. The needle-free intranasal vaccine that has been approved for use in people less than 18 years old by the EMEA in October 2010 induces also a mucosal IgA response. Improved clinical results than with intramuscular vaccine has been documented in several studies in children. Several conditions are contraindication to nasal vaccination because of patterns of side effects and because the vaccine is an live-attenuated vaccine. Pregnant women has become a top priority for Influenza vaccination in the recommendations of the High Council of Health in Belgium since the 2009 H1N1 pandemic. Several studies has since then documented the increased risk for Influenza-related morbidity in pregnant women especially during the third trimester and independently of the presence of other comorbidities. Reduced incidence of documented Influenza and of Influenza-related hospitalizations are observed in the new born of vaccinated women until 6 months of age. Availability of new vaccines for Influenza and better knowledge of the benefit of vaccination in target populations are important tools to optimize vaccine coverage of the population.

Topic: Influenza Virus Research Studies
Subfield: Epidemiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
The Self-Expansion of Capital on a World Scale

This Marxian critique of the multinational corporation (MNC) is one of the first articles by this well-known European economist to appear in English. It argues that the emergence of the MNC merely expresses more funda mental changes: the international spread of capital, the new international mode of accumulation and the heightened nature of class struggle. Palloix examines these changes by using the circuits of capital set forth by Marx. He finds that in recent years the circuits of money capital and productive capital have become much more internationalized, particularly since the late 1960's when there was a shift of international investment in productive facilities to less developed nations. This went hand-in-hand with the more extensive penetration of some developed nations, like France, by foreign capital. Palloix concludes that this new international mode of accumulation linked most nations more closely to the international division of labor, making it more difficult for them to follow inde pendent economic policies. Thus, the nation-state's role in assuring that certain critical industries can adjust to international conditions becomes even more important for capital. But the resulting situation also involves heightened contra dictions in capitalism and greater class struggle. In a methodological appendix, Palloix utilizes Marx's circuits of the self-expansion of individual and social capital to analyze the internationalization of capital.

Topic: Political Economy and Marxism
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Combination of perineural and wound infusion after above knee amputation: A randomized, controlled multicenter study

Background Post‐operative pain after an above‐knee amputation is often severe, and in the elderly patients the adverse effects of post‐operative opioids are evident. We hypothesized that continuous perineural local anesthetic infusion (CPI) combined to a wound infusion will reduce acute pain and opioid consumption compared to placebo after above knee amputation. Methods Ninety‐three patients going through an above knee amputation were recruited for this randomized, controlled trial. Two catheters were placed, one to the sciatic nerve sheath and one under the fasciae during the amputation. After two 10 mL boluses of ropivacaine 0.75% a post‐operative infusion of ropivacaine 0.2% or placebo (NaCl 0.9%) at 2 mL/h was administered for 72 hours to both catheters. The primary outcome was average stump pain during the first 5 days. Results The mean intensity of stump pain during the first five post‐operative days was 1.4 (0.8) in the CPI group and 1.9 (0.9) in the placebo group on VRS, mean (SD), P = .006. The opioid consumption on first five post‐operative days did not differ between the groups. Conclusion A combination of continuous perineural and wound local anesthetic infusion seems to diminish the intensity of stump pain after above knee amputation.

Topic: Anesthesia and Pain Management
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences