jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Valorization of Yarrow (Achillea millefolium L.) By-Product through Application of Subcritical Water Extraction

In the present study, valorization of yarrow (Achillea millefolium) by-product from the filter tea industry was investigated through the application of subcritical water for the extraction of bioactive compounds. The influence of different process parameters (temperature 120–200 °C, extraction time 10–30 min, and HCl concentration in extraction solvent 0–1.5%) on extract quality in terms of content of bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity was investigated. Optimal conditions of the extraction process (temperature 198 °C, extraction time 16.5 min, and without acidifer) were determined and, when applied, the most efficient exploitation of by-products is achieved, that is, attainment of extracts rich in total phenols and flavonoids and high antioxidant activity. In addition, by applying the high performance liquid chromatographic analysis, the content of chlorogenic acid was determined as well as the hydroxymethylfurfural content in obtained extracts. The results demonstrated that subcritical water can be successfully used for utilization of yarrow by-products for obtaining extracts rich in antioxidants.

Topic: Essential Oils and Antimicrobial Activity
Subfield: Food Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
The importance of histopathologic review of biopsies in patients with prostate cancer referred to a tertiary uro - oncology center

There is a great histopathological variation of initial GS versus reviewed GS. There is also a better correlation of reviewed GS and post - surgical GS than with initial GS. The second opinion by an uropathologist improves diagnosis and should be advised for better therapeutic decision.

Topic: Prostate Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment
Subfield: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Electrophysiological Effects of Nipradilol (K-351) on Isolated Rabbit Hearts and Guinea Pig Ventricular Muscles

Effects of nipradilol (K-351), a newly developed antihypertensive agent, on electrophysiological properties of the heart were examined in Langendorff-perfused rabbit hearts and in superfused guinea pig ventricular muscles. In rabbit hearts, nipradilol at concentrations greater than 10(-5) M caused a significant prolongation of atrio-His bundle conduction time (AH) as well as His bundle-ventricular conduction time (HV), whereas heart rate (HR), functional refractory period of atrioventricular node (FRPVM) were unaffected. The intensity of the negative dromotropic effect of nipradilol was less than half that of propranolol. Isoproterenol-induced increase in HR and a shortening of AH, FRPAV, ERPVM were inhibited competitively by pretreatment with nipradilol at greater than 10(-8) M. Nipradilol was about two to three times more potent than propranolol in antagonizing isoproterenol-induced effects. In guinea pig ventricular muscles, nipradilol at a concentration greater than 10(-5) M caused a decrease of the maximum upstroke velocity (VMAX) of the action potential without affecting resting potential and action potential duration. In the presence of nipradilol, trains of stimuli at rates higher than 0.2 Hz led to an exponential decline in VMAX to achieve a new plateau. The time constant for the recovery from use-dependent block was 4.3 s. These findings suggest that nipradilol may have a potent cardiac beta-adrenoceptor blocking action and, at extremely high concentrations, quinidine-like inhibitory effects on the cardiac excitability and conductivity.

Topic: Cardiac electrophysiology and arrhythmias
Subfield: Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
The influence of cultural styles of reasoning on attitudinal and cognitive responses to persuasive messages.

Two experiments examined the influence of Western formal logic and East Asian dialectical reasoning on responses to persuasive messages. Western formal logic reasoning is commonly observed in Western cultures such as the United States and frames an intellectual task in a manner such that contradictory propositions cannot be true at the same time. It seeks a single best perspective among competing opposites. East Asian dialectical reasoning is commonly observed in cultures such as China, Korea, and Japan and frames an intellectual task in a manner such that contradictory propositions can be true at the same time. It seeks a middle way among competing opposites, finding value in all perspectives. In Study 1, Americans and Koreans were randomly assigned to one of three message conditions. Message one included four strong pro-issue arguments. Message two included four strong pro-issue and four strong anti-issue arguments. Message three included four strong pro-issue and four weak anti-issue arguments. Americans and Koreans were equally persuaded by the strong pro message. Also, Americans and Koreans were equally persuaded by the strong pro/strong anti message. In the strong pro/weak anti condition, Americans reported a higher proportion of favorable thoughts and an attitude that favored the strong pro position. However, the Koreans reported a higher proportion of unfavorable thoughts and an attitude that favored the weak anti position. The results suggest that whereas the Americans only valued the strong quality information, the Koreans valued all pieces of information. In Study 2, Americans and Koreans were randomly assigned to either a high or low involvement setting and to read one of three types of messages. Message one included four strong arguments. Message two included four weak arguments. Message three included four strong and four weak arguments. Under high involvement, Americans were more influenced by argument quality than by argument quantity. Under low involvement, Americans were more likely to approve a message that included eight arguments than a message that included four arguments. Also, Americans under high involvement generated more critical thoughts than Americans under low involvement. Under both high and low involvement, the Koreans were more influenced by argument quantity than argument quality. Also, Koreans under high involvement did not generate significantly more critical thoughts than Koreans under low involvement. A content analysis revealed that whereas the Americans reported a similar amount of substantial and non-substantial thoughts, the Koreans reported significantly more non-substantial than substantial thoughts. The implications of these results for cross-cultural research on persuasion were discussed.

Topic: Cultural Differences and Values
Subfield: Social Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
DIRECT AND INVERSE SCATTERING

We consider an obstacle scattering problem for linear Beltrami elds. A vector eld u is a linear Beltrami eld if r u = ku with a constant k&amp;gt; 0. We study the obstacles that are of Neumann type, that is, the normal component of the total eld vanishes on the boundary of the obstacle. We prove the unique solvability for the corresponding exterior boundary value problem, in other words, the direct obstacle scattering model. For the inverse obstacle scattering problem, we deduce the formulas that are needed to apply the singular sources method. The numerical examples are computed for the direct scattering problem and for the inverse scattering problem. Tiivistelma Tyossa tarkastellaan lineaaristen Beltrami-kenttien sirontaa esteesta. Vektorikentta u on lineaarinen Beltrami-kentta, mikali ru = ku jollakin vakiolla k&amp;gt; 0. Tarkasteltavat es-teet ovat Neumann-tyyppia, ts. kentan normaalikomponenttien vaaditaan katoavan esteen reunalla. Tyossa osoitetaan, etta vastaava ulkoalueen reuna-arvotehtava on yksikasittei-sesti ratkeava, eli kaytettavissa on suoran sironnan malli. Tyossa johdetaan kaavat, jotka

Topic: Numerical methods in inverse problems
Subfield: Mathematical Physics
Field: Mathematics
Domain: Physical Sciences
Effect of Maxillary Expansion on Sleep Quality

Background&#13;\nObstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a condition characterized by 20-40 second episodes of breathing cessation during sleep. The hard palate serves as both the roof of the oral cavity and the floor of the nasal cavity. Constriction of the palate can have profound effects on the passage of oxygen into the lungs. Polysomnography is the gold standard test for detection of the presence and severity of obstructive sleep apnea. Recently, a home sleep testing device known as the WatchPAT has been implemented as an adjunctive test. This randomized controlled crossover trial will investigate the role of maxillary expansion in children at risk for OSA using the WatchPAT as the diagnostic tool.&#13;\n&#13;\nMethods&#13;\nTwelve patients aged 12-16 without any medical syndromes were randomly assigned to either treatment or observation group. Pre-treatment (T1) records were taken on all patients. Treatment group was fitted with bonded type, rapid maxillary expanders and treated for three months according to an expansion protocol utilized by the private practice of GKG Orthodontics. A second WatchPAT study was performed at the completion of the three month period (T2). The treatment group was followed an additional three months without further expansion and a final T3 WatchPAT study was performed. The control group had a T1 WatchPAT study followed by three months of observation without expansion. A T2 study was performed at the end waiting period and then an expander was placed. The methodology then mirrored that of the treatment group. &#13;\n&#13;\nResults&#13;\nPre treatment AHI was found to be 2.47 episodes per hour for the treatment group. Post-treatment AHI was found to be 2.10 episodes per hour. Pre-treatment snoring frequency was measured at 2.57 percent of the night before expansion therapy and 1.60 percent after treatment. &#13;\n&#13;\nConclusions &#13;\nAHI and snoring as measured by WatchPAT, decreased following expansion. Initial analysis of this pilot study shows a positive effect of rapid maxillary expansion on sleep quality as measured by AHI and other parameters.

Topic: Hermeneutics and Narrative Identity
Subfield: Philosophy
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Holomorphic functions of finite order generated by Dirichlet series

Given a frequency $λ= (λ_n)$ and $\ell \ge 0$, we introduce the scale of Banach spaces $H_{\infty,\ell}^λ[Re &gt; 0]$ of holomorphic functions $f$ on the open right half-plane $[Re &gt; 0]$, which satisfy $(A)$ the growth condition $|f(s)| = O((1 + |s|)^\ell)$, and $(B)$ have a Riesz germ, i.e. on some open subset and for some $m \ge 0$ the function $f$ coincides with the pointwise limit (as $x \to \infty$) of the so-called $(λ,m)$-Riesz means $\sum_{λ_n &lt; x} a_n e^{-λ_n s}\big( 1-\frac{λ_n}{x}\big)^m ,\,x &gt;0$ of some $λ$-Dirichlet series $\sum a_n e^{-λ_n s}$. Reformulated in our terminology, an important result of M. Riesz shows that in this case the function $f$ for every $k &gt;\ell$ is the pointwise limit of the $(λ,k)$-Riesz means of $D$ on $[Re &gt; 0]$. Our main contribution is an extension -- showing that 'after translation' every bounded set in $H_{\infty,\ell}^λ[Re &gt; 0]$ is uniformly approximable by all its $(λ,k)$-Riesz means of order $k&gt;\ell$. This follows from an appropriate maximal theorem, which in fact turns out to be at the very heart of a seemingly interesting structure theory of the Banach spaces $H_{\infty,\ell}^λ[Re &gt; 0]$. One of the many consequences is that $H_{\infty,\ell}^λ[Re &gt; 0]$ basically consists of those holomorphic functions on $[Re &gt;0]$, which have a Riesz germ and are of finite uniform order $\ell$ on $[Re &gt;0]$. To establish all this and more, we need to reorganize (and to improve) various aspects and keystones of the classical theory of Riesz summability of general Dirichlet series as invented by Hardy and M. Riesz.

Topic: Meromorphic and Entire Functions
Subfield: Applied Mathematics
Field: Mathematics
Domain: Physical Sciences
Chandra X-ray Observatory ObsId 02816

CSC uses combined (i.e. overlapping) Chandra observations for detecting X-ray sources. This allows the catalog to include significantly fainter sources than CSC 1.1. The set of overlapping observations that have been combined in this way is known as a "stack".

Topic: Microbial Natural Products and Biosynthesis
Subfield: Pharmacology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Determinants of Competence and Employee Performance Health Services in District of Pemalang

This article discusses the influence of teamwork discipline on competence, innovation capability and performance, and the effect of competence and innovation capability on performance. The population in this study were 131 employees of the Pemalang District Health Office, with a census sampling method. The data collection method uses a questionnaire based on a 5-point Likert scale. The five hypotheses were tested by path analysis. Path Analysis is an extension of multiple linear regression analysis. The findings show that the discipline of teamwork can improve employee competence, that is, employees know and master the techniques of completing tasks and work more effectively and efficiently and are able to work together with others. In addition, teamwork discipline can encourage employee behavior to always innovate by generating new ideas to build and develop organizations by introducing new technologies through the application of new services and driving factors for employees to improve their performance.

Topic: Employee Performance and Management
Subfield: Human Factors and Ergonomics
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Influencing the Psychosocial Well-being of Nurses during the COVID-19

This study was conducted on nurses who are working in a tertiary hospital and general hospitals to identify their knowledge, resilience, and psychosocial well-being level of COVID-19.It is intended to provide basic data for improving the quality of nursing offered to infectious disease patients and performing efficient nursing tasks for them.The data was collected by filling out a structured self-report questionnaire targeting 202 nurses at the C tertiary hospital and the S general hospital.For data analysis, T-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and multiple regression were used utilizing SPSS 25.0 program.As a result of the study, the average level of knowledge about the Covid-19 was 0.69±0.08 points, the average resilience was 3.56±2.43points, and the psychosocial well-being was 1.26±0.44points.As a result of multiple regression analysis, it was confirmed that knowledge of ) and resilience (β= -.63) had a significant effect on the psychosocial well-being of nurses (F=27.65,p<.001), the explanatory power of the model was 21.7%.Based on this study's results, it is necessary to develop and apply a program to improve resilience that affects practical competency targeting nurses who need to adapt to various clinical environments.

Topic: Resilience and Mental Health
Subfield: Clinical Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Exact Sequences of BCK-Modules

BCK-modules were introduced as an action of a BCK-algebra over an Abelian group. Homomorphisms of BCK-modules form an exact sequence which is called BCK-sequence. In this paper, we study homomorphisms of BCK-modules. We show that this homomorphisms have a module structure. Moreover, we show that sequences of Hom functors are BCK-sequences.

Topic: Fuzzy and Soft Set Theory
Subfield: Management Science and Operations Research
Field: Decision Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
What Is Education For? A Discussion of Nussbaum’s <i>Not for Profit: Why Democracy Needs the Humanities</i>

This article provides a discussion of the book, Not for Profit: Why Democracy Needs the Humanities by Martha C. Nussbaum from the perspective of a visiting scholar to the United States from China. It begins by addressing two critical topics discussed by Nussbaum: consequences of focusing only on economic growth and the importance of humanistic values. The article then incorporates the voices of other scholars as it considers implications of Nussbaum’s work. The article concludes by suggesting service-learning as a means of accomplishing the educational goals proposed by Nussbaum.

Topic: Service-Learning and Community Engagement
Subfield: Education
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Discriminating bipartite mixed states by local operations

Unambiguous state discrimination of two mixed bipartite states via local\noperations and classical communications (LOCC) is studied and compared with the\nresult of a scheme realized via global measurement. We show that the success\nprobability of a global scheme for mixed-state discrimination can be achieved\nperfectly by the local scheme. In addition, we simulate this discrimination via\na pair of pure entangled bipartite states. This simulation is perfect for local\nrather than global schemes due to the existence of entanglement and global\ncoherence in the pure states. We also prove that LOCC protocol and the\nsequential state discrimination (SSD) can be interpreted in a unified view. We\nthen hybridize the LOCC protocol with three protocols (SSD, reproducing and\nbroadcasting) relying on classical communications. Such hybridizations extend\nthe gaps between the optimal success probability of global and local schemes,\nwhich can be eliminated only for the SSD rather than the other two protocols.\n

Topic: Quantum Information and Cryptography
Subfield: Artificial Intelligence
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
YIELD OF VARIETIES OF CUCURBITA PEPO PREIMMUNIZED WITH MILD STRAINS OF PAPAYA RINGSPOT VIRUS – TYPE W AND ZUCCHINI YELLOW MOSAIC VIRUS

ABSTRACT: Papaya ringspot virus – type W (PRSV-W) and Zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV) are the most prevalent viruses in cucurbit crops in Brazil and responsible for frequent yield losses. Diseases caused by these viruses are difficult to control. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of mild strains PRSV-W-1 and ZYMV-M on the yield of Cucurbita pepo L. cvs. Samira, Novita Plus, AF 2847, and Yasmin, under plastic greenhouse and field conditions. Plants infected with ZYMV-M and grown in a plastic greenhouse did not exhibit typical leaf symptoms or significant alterations in quantitative and qualitative fruit yield. However, when infected with PRSV-W-1, or PRSV-W-1 + ZYMV-M, the plants exhibited severe leaf mosaic symptoms and reduced fruit quality, although there were no changes in the number and mean fruit weight harvested from these plants. When these plants were infected with PRSV-W-1 and studied simultaneously in the field and plastic greenhouse, intensification of symptoms in the fruits and leaves was more pronounced under the greenhouse conditions. Quantitative yield did not change. Environmental factors seem to influence symptoms induced by PRSV-W-1.

Topic: Plant Virus Research Studies
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
REFLECTION SPECTRA OF SKIN IN VITILIGO

Vitiligo is a disease with unknown etiology, which is characterized by skin depigmentation areas due to melanocyte death. Lack of clear understanding of pathogenic disease processes justifies the difficulty of choosing efficient treatment methods. Repigmentation is slow and not always complete. One of the key indicators in practical dermatology is objective assessment of skin cover condition for further diagnostics, definition of therapy and dynamics of the disease.The purpose of this study is to assess skin reflection spectrum in depigmentation areas, marginal layer and visible healthy skin before and after treatment of patients with vitiligo.21 patients having vitiligo were under observation; the patients were treated in the hospital of skin and venereal diseases of the Siberian State Medical University. The authors applied noninvasive method of spectrophotometry for the first time in order to study skin reflection spectrum of patients with vitiligo. Noninvasive medical spectrophotometry is based on dependence factor of integral optical properties of biological tissues and fluids in the conditions of homeostasis and in case of pathology. In order to assess the efficiency of skin disease treatment the patients were exposed to skin spectrophotometry before the beginning of the treatment and after the treatment itself with further measurements of the reflection spectrum integral criteria. The measurements were made in depigmentation area, on the boundary with healthy skin and in remote from depigmentation area of healthy skin.Obtained results indicate the difference of skin reflection spectra in the areas under investigation. Moreover, positive dynamics of the treatment associated with the decrease in the value of reflection spectrum integral criteria in the diseased area. There were no statistically important differences of the integral criteria, calculated based on measurement results of reflection spectra on the boundary of depigmentation area before and after treatment. Most likely this is related to active processes of repigmentation in the skin in the course of the treatment.For detailed study of identified phenomena there is a need for thorough study and expansion of the list of dermatologic diseases.

Topic: melanin and skin pigmentation
Subfield: Cell Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
POLYMER-REPAIRED REINFORCED CONCRETE BEAMS. INJECTION AND IMPREGNATION

The report deals with the repair of reinforced concrete beams by injection and vacuum impregnation with different polymers. The beams were loaded to fracture after the repairs and an evaluation showed that both methods restore the bearing capacity of the structure. The choice of method depends on the nature of damage, the design of the structure and the result required. (TRRL)

Topic: Innovative concrete reinforcement materials
Subfield: Civil and Structural Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
DIAMOND SYNTHESIS BY DC PLASMA JET CVD

Abstract This paper reviews our research on diamond synthesis by etc plasma jet CVD. The unique feature of this method is supplying high radical density plasma to a substrate by quenching a thermal plasma. The maximum growth rate is 200 μm/h. The crystallinity measures well in terms of x-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy. The morphology of diamond film is affected strongly by methane concentration and the spacing between the torch nozzle and substrate. Plasma analysis by optical emission spectroscopy indicates that the plasma jet is not in equilibrium and contains many activated radicals. This paper also describes our application of a thick diamond film to the heat sink of a laser diode.

Topic: Diamond and Carbon-based Materials Research
Subfield: Materials Chemistry
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
The Religiously Fundamentalist Family: Training for Assessment and Treatment

Abstract Social workers engaged in family treatment frequently encounter families in which religious fundamentalism serves as a major steady-state and boundary maintenance mechanism. Without recognition of the systemic effects of religious fundamentalism, family therapists will lose the family from treatment or will be rejected by the family as a source of help. This article identifies the major impact on the family, sets forth assessment guidelines, and presents training strategies for teaching family practitioners to work with the religiously fundamentalist family.

Topic: Religion, Spirituality, and Psychology
Subfield: Health
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
An evaluation of the trigonal field parameter for vanadium corundum

Abstract Complete matrices have been calculated for the configuration d2, when both a trigonal crystal field and spin–orbit coupling are present. In particular a value has been found for the trigonal field parameter, which gives the previously reported experimental value for the splitting of the ground state of vanadium corundum, Al2O3(V3+).

Topic: Advanced Condensed Matter Physics
Subfield: Condensed Matter Physics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences