jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
“Born with the taste for science and the arts”: The science and the aesthetics of Balthazar‐Georges Sage's mineralogy collections, 1783–1825<sup>1</sup>

Balthazar-Georges Sage (1740–1824), a chemist, mineralogist, and the founder of the École Royale des Mines (1783), owned two mineral collections: a mineralogy collection used for his research and teaching, which later became the property of the École Royale itself; and a private cabinet of objets d'art, consisting largely of artistically worked mineral objects. Although created for different purposes, Sage valued both for their utility and their aesthetics. This paper explores the dual character of the collections by presenting Sage as a man of science and an art lover. It argues that his lifelong concern with aesthetics was the underlying link between the two collections, his teaching practices, and his aim in founding of the École Royale des Mines to improve France's mining industry. Through aesthetics, Sage sought to build a coherent whole, which he referred to as a “national monument,” consisting of the collections, the school, and his work as a teacher and a mineralogist. In the years leading up to the French Revolution, the collections—a central part within this coherent whole—were the key element in establishing the social identity of the new institution as well as that of Sage himself. In the context of political upheaval, the social, economic, and aesthetic value of the collections became tied to the political aims of the republic, in particular, its interest in building the new nation through its heritage as conserved in its national monuments: the new republican museums. Sage used the term museum to define both collections: this analysis of their relationship and the different functions he attributed to them reveals how profoundly collecting practices were changing in revolutionary and post-revolutionary France.

Topic: History of Science and Natural History
Subfield: History and Philosophy of Science
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Immune response inhibits associative learning

In vertebrates, it is well established that there are many intricate interactions between the immune system and the nervous system, and vice versa. Regarding insects, until now little has been known about the link between these two systems. Here, we present behavioural evidence indicating a link between the immune system and the nervous system in insects. We show that otherwise non-infected honeybees whose immune systems are challenged by a non-pathogenic immunogenic elicitor lipopolysaccharide (LPS) have reduced abilities to associate an odour with sugar reward in a classical conditioning paradigm. The cost of an immune response therefore not only affects survival of the host, as previously shown, but also everyday behaviour and memory formation.

Topic: Hermeneutics and Narrative Identity
Subfield: Philosophy
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Research on the control system of human occupied vehicle &amp;ldquo;Jiaolong&amp;rdquo;

For the first time, whole auto-pilot near the 7000 meters bottom was accomplished in the manned deep submersible Jiaolong. Its whole control system was deeply researched. In order to overcome its wild measuments, especially the steps between the control period and measuments period, variable dimension adaptive unscented Kalman filter is adopted for the precise navigation. Control strategy makes use of fuzzy theory for the purpose of control parameter automatic changing on-line, and number theory based experiment data processing method. Five automatic control functions were reached for its motion, including automatic heading, depth, altitude, velocity and dynamic positioning. Under complicated ocean environment, its precise navigation, control, information interface in cabin, surface information console, black-box data analysis, and semi-physical digital simulation technology was researched. The sea trial experiments during August to October 2009, May to July 2010, July to August 2011, and June to July 2012 showed that the control system can satisfy its demand, and it is advanced, reliable and good control performance.

Topic: Maritime Navigation and Safety
Subfield: Ocean Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
CONSERVATION AND EXPLOITATION OF BANG GRASS EFFECTIVE IN PHU MY VILLAGE, VIETNAM

Phu My located in Kien Giang province, South of Vietnam is a small village with the majority of the population made of a Khmer community.The weather conditions are not encouraging for locals due to serious flooding months.The soils and water are comparatively acidic.Therefore, only Bang grass (Lepironia articulate)an indicator for the wetland habitats and Nang grass (Eleocharis dulcis.)themain food of an endangered Sarus Crane (Grus antigone) can thrive.Bang grassland area decreased due to the housing problem.To overcome the decrease of Bang grass and conserve this species, the project "Restoration and sustainable exploitation Bang grassland in Phu My, 2004" conducted to help locals make sophisticated handmade products from Bang grass.It is a good way to help the locals to benefit and conserve Bang grass.

Topic: Plant and Fungal Species Descriptions
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Mobile cloud computing

With modern smart phones and powerful mobile devices, Mobile apps provide many advantages to the community but it has also grown the demand for online availability and accessibility. Cloud computing is provided to be widely adopted for several applications in mobile devices. However, there are many advantages and disadvantages of using mobile applications and cloud computing. This paper focuses in providing an overview of mobile cloud computing advantages, disadvantages. The paper discusses the importance of mobile cloud applications and highlights the mobile cloud computing open challenges

Topic: Cloud Computing and Resource Management
Subfield: Information Systems
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
© 2003 The British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy The quinolones: decades of development and use

The discovery of nalidixic acid in 1962, and its introduction for clinical use in 1967, marks the beginning of five decades of quinolone development and use. It was not until the discovery and licensing of the fluoroquinolones in the 1970s and 1980s that these drugs began to establish their place in the armamentarium of clinically useful antimicrobials. At the beginning of the 21st cen-tury, in their fifth decade of discovery and use, our understanding of structure–function relation-ships has improved, and better compounds, in terms of both spectrum of antimicrobial cover and pharmacokinetics, have been developed. The clinical utility of this expanding class of anti-microbial agents, and the lower propensity for the development of resistance with the ‘newer’ fluoroquinolones will need to be continually monitored in the changing therapeutic environ-ment. Antibiotic drug choice will remain difficult in the presence of increasing resistance, but the introduction of the new fluoroquinolones has created a new and exciting era in antimicrobial treatment. The role of these agents has already been acknowledged in a number of clinical guidelines, and appropriate use of these agents may help to preserve their clinical utility, enabling them to realize their full therapeutic potential.

Topic: Antibiotics Pharmacokinetics and Efficacy
Subfield: Pharmacology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Insufficiently dehydrated hydrogen bonds as determinants of protein interactions

The prediction of binding sites and the understanding of interfaces associated with protein complexation remains an open problem in molecular biophysics. This work shows that a crucial factor in predicting and rationalizing protein–protein interfaces can be inferred by assessing the extent of intramolecular desolvation of backbone hydrogen bonds in monomeric structures. Our statistical analysis of native structures shows that, in the majority of soluble proteins, most backbone hydrogen bonds are thoroughly wrapped intramolecularly by nonpolar groups except for a few ones. These latter underwrapped hydrogen bonds may be dramatically stabilized by removal of water. This fact implies that packing defects are “sticky” in a way that decisively contributes to determining the binding sites for proteins, as an examination of numerous complexes demonstrates.

Topic: Prion Diseases and Protein Misfolding
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Lost in translation: transformation in the first round of institutional audits

The South African higher education institutional audit process was introduced alongside similar endeavors internationally. However, despite many similarities, each country foregrounds different concerns within their higher education quality processes. In their seminal article, Harvey and Green suggest five possible notions of quality, one of which is quality as transformation, and in South Africa the message has been clearly stated: notions of quality are intricately related to transformation. Local research has however suggested that the notion of ‘transformation’ as quality takes on particular nuances within this country’s context. In the two institutional case studies presented here, the ‘quality as transformation’ discourse appears to have been largely lost in translation. In one university transformation was not called upon to construct notions of quality; quality was primarily constructed by a discourse of excellence. In the other institution, the transformation aspects of quality seem to have been interpreted in a particularly reductionist way as relating solely to student racial demographics. In both cases, this paper argues that the ‘quality as transformation’ discourse prevalent in the audit documentation in the South African context was lost somewhere between the intentions embodied in national documents and the processes embarked upon by institutions.

Topic: Higher Education Governance and Development
Subfield: Political Science and International Relations
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Correlations between Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 and Peritoneal Transport in Pediatric CCPD Patients

Objective Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) is an important regulator of plasminogen activators and has been shown to be involved in the accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) in various tissues. Since peritoneal ECM is a resistance site for peritoneal transport, the production and release of PAI-1 in the peritoneum may affect the peritoneal transport of water and small solutes. Design The linear correlations between the dialysate PAI-1 levels and the variables of peritoneal transport during peritoneal equilibration tests (PET) were examined. Setting: A tertiary university hospital. Patients Six stable pediatric patients (age 10.8%4 years) undergoing continuous cycler-assisted peritoneal dialysis were included. Interventions None. Results All data are mean±, D. There was a positive correlation between the infused volume and the net ultrafiltration (UF, 198±127 mL, r = 0.82, p &lt; 0.05). The dialysate PAI-1 levels increased during the dwell time (2.44±2.23 ng/mL or 2.46±1.72 μg at 4 hours vs 0.04±0.1 ng/mL or 0.04±0.09 μg at 0 hour, p &lt; 0.05). The saturation indices (dialysate/plasma ratio) of PAI-1 and albumin at 4 hours were 1.05±1.21 and 0.028±0.004, respectively. The changes from O-hour dwell to 4-hour dwell in the dialysate PAI-1 concentration (PAI4-o, 2.4±2.2 ng/mL) or amount corrected to body surface area (APAI4-0/BSA, 2.61 ±2.11μg/m2) negatively correlated with UF or UF/body surface area and positively correlated with the number of episodes of peritonitis. There was no correlation between PAI4-o, APAI4-0/BSA, or plasma PAI-1 concentration and the mass transfer coefficient and clearance of either urea or creatinine. Conclusions The elevated PAI-1 level during the PET was likely from the local production and release of PAI-1. It had an inverse relationship with the amount of ultrafiltration. Repeated inflammation of the peritoneum was associated with an increased production and release of PAI-1 into the peritoneum.

Topic: Central Venous Catheters and Hemodialysis
Subfield: Emergency Medical Services
Field: Health Professions
Domain: Health Sciences
The Use of Structured Techniques in Motivation Research

DURING the past several years individuals engaged in marketing research have borrowed heavily from the clinical psychologist's battery of projective-test and depth-interview techniques to measure consumer motives.1 But some researchers have raised serious objections to the use of these new techniques.2 They point out that these techniques were developed to obtain intensive information from a single individual over a long period of time and that it is difficult and perhaps impossible to get such data from typical consumers on the basis of doorstep interviews.

Topic: Cognitive and psychological constructs research
Subfield: Social Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Supplementary material from "An electronic circular dichroism spectroscopy method for the quantification of L- and D-amino acids in enantiomeric mixtures"

Rapid quantitative analysis of single chiral amino acid (aa) was achieved using circular dichroism (CD) with data analysis by standard calibration curve. The absolute concentrations of D- and L-aas in enantiomeric mixtures were determined by CD and achiral liquid chromatography (LC) method. It is worth noting that CD and LC were used independently, not on-line LC/CD in this study. The errors of the experimental results were less than 10%. The method is also applicable to the quantification of non-aa chiral molecules, such as chiral nucleoside and chiral quinine. With this study, we provide a new method for the chiral quantitative analysis of enantiomeric aas mixtures.

Topic: Molecular spectroscopy and chirality
Subfield: Spectroscopy
Field: Chemistry
Domain: Physical Sciences
The effects of competitive anxiety on memory span and rebound shooting tasks in basketball players

Two theoretical models were used to investigate aspects of basketball performance: Eysenck's (1979, 1984) compensatory arousal model and Humphreys and Revelle's (1984) twin resources model. Cognitive and somatic anxiety were manipulated using a 'time to event' paradigm. The aspects of performance were a short-term memory task (letter span) and a low memory demand, motoric-sustained information transfer task (rebound shooting). Hypotheses based on the different models were formulated and subsequently tested using analysis of variance and polynomial regression analysis. The results indicated significant (P < 0.01) linear relationships with negative slopes between cognitive anxiety and letter span, and between somatic anxiety and letter span; while significant (P < 0.01) linear relationships with positive slopes were recorded between cognitive anxiety and rebound shooting, and between somatic anxiety and rebound shooting. The analysis of variance results were in agreement with a positive effect (P < 0.05) for cognitive anxiety upon rebound shooting, and a negative effect which approached significance (P < 0.07) for somatic anxiety upon letter span. The results were interpreted as offering partial support for Eysenck's (1979) theoretical model, although further examination of multidimensional anxiety effects via the two models is warranted.

Topic: Motivation and Self-Concept in Sports
Subfield: Social Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
<scp>d</scp>-3-Hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase and metabolism of ketone bodies by rat stomach

Conference Article| October 01 1984 d-3-Hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase and metabolism of ketone bodies by rat stomach ANDREW K. MacGILL; ANDREW K. MacGILL *Department of Biochemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar NEIL G. ANDERSON; NEIL G. ANDERSON †Department of Biological Sciences, University of Aston, Gosta Green, Birmingham B4 7ET, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar CLIVE N. A. TROTMAN; CLIVE N. A. TROTMAN *Department of Biochemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar JANET M. CARRINGTON; JANET M. CARRINGTON *Department of Biochemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar PETER J. HANSON PETER J. HANSON †Department of Biological Sciences, University of Aston, Gosta Green, Birmingham B4 7ET, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Author and article information Publisher: Portland Press Ltd Online ISSN: 1470-8752 Print ISSN: 0300-5127 © 1984 Biochemical Society1984 Biochem Soc Trans (1984) 12 (5): 788. https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0120788 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation ANDREW K. MacGILL, NEIL G. ANDERSON, CLIVE N. A. TROTMAN, JANET M. CARRINGTON, PETER J. HANSON; d-3-Hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase and metabolism of ketone bodies by rat stomach. Biochem Soc Trans 1 October 1984; 12 (5): 788. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0120788 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Society Transactions Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 1984 Biochemical Society1984 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.

Topic: Diet and metabolism studies
Subfield: Physiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
A first report on isolation of DNA in Bryocladia thwaitesii (Harvey ex J. Agardh) Detoni (red alga) using Nano vue UV spectrophotometer suitable for molecular biological studies

Bryocladia thwaitesii (Harvey ex J. Agardh) Detoni, is a commercially important red algae finding wide use in pharmaceutical, cosmetics, nutraceutical industries. However there is no work was made on the DNA isolation which is the key step for further improvement of its yield. Here, for the first time we report the DNA isolation suitable for molecular biological studies and the quality and quantity of the DNA is reported in comparison with the green alga (Ulva covelongenesis V. Krishnamoorthy and H.Joshi). Optimization of DNA isolation was done in these algae by adopting different methods. In the optimization process, different DNA isolation methods were followed. A better result in terms of purity and yield was obtained in method suggested by Wattier et al. (2000) modification by Dellaporta et al. (1983). Quantitative analysis made using Nano vue UV spectrophotometer sets as a pioneering effort in the B. thwaitesii. The DNA isolated by this protocol from two seaweeds, both the purity of DNA as well as concentration were very high i.e., 1.772 and 594.5 mg/µl respectively in B. thwaitesii. In U. covelongenesis the purity of DNA was 1.763 and concentration of DNA 569.5 mg/µl, which was fairly high in other protocols studied, the purity of DNA ranged from 1.444 to 1.640 and concentration of DNA ranged from 71 to 463 ngm/µl. All the experiments were performed by keeping the green alga U. covelongenesis as standard for comparison. The DNA isolation protocol indentified in the present investigation in the seaweed B. thwaitesii would become well suited for PCR amplification and genomic library construction. Keywords: Bryocladia thwaitesii, Ulva covelongenesis, DNA isolation, Nano vue UV spectrophotometer

Topic: Marine and coastal plant biology
Subfield: Oceanography
Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences
Domain: Physical Sciences
Inhibition of Friend virus (FVP)-induced murine erythropoiesis with prostaglandin (PGF2 alpha): potentiation and inhibition of erythropoietin and prevention of both with PGD2.

An erythropoietin-independent virus-induced murine erythroleukemia (FVP) is used to compare the effects of an erythropoiesis inhibitory factor (EIF) isolated from human urine with the effects of prostaglandin F2 alpha. The consequent inhibition of FVP-induced erythropoiesis suggests that EIF and PGF2 alpha have similar effects on the FVP-induced erythropoiesis in mice, and the effect of PGF2 alpha is indirect. The similarity of the actions of EIF and PGF2 alpha may indicate a potential role for prostaglandins in the physiological control of some types of erythrocytosis.

Topic: Hepatitis C virus research
Subfield: Hepatology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Effective Evaluation of Medical Images Using Artificial Intelligence Techniques

This work is implemented for the management of patients with epilepsy, and methods based on electroencephalography (EEG) analysis have been proposed for the timely prediction of its occurrence. The proposed system is used for crisis detection and prediction system; it is useful for both patients and medical staff to know their status easily and more accurately. In the treatment of Parkinson’s disease, the affected patients with Parkinson’s disease can assess the prognostic risk factors, and the symptoms are evaluated to predict rapid progression in the early stages after diagnosis. The presented seizure prediction system introduces deep learning algorithms into EEG score analysis. This proposed work long short-term memory (LSTM) network model is mainly implemented for the identification and classification of qualitative patterns in the EEG of patients. While compared with other techniques like deep learning models such as convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and traditional machine learning algorithms, the proposed LSTM model plays a significant role in predicting impending crises over 4 different qualifying intervals from 10 minutes to 1.5 hours with very few wrong predictions.

Topic: EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces
Subfield: Cognitive Neuroscience
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences
Extreme ultraviolet transmission of a synthetic diamond thin film

The transmission of a thin film of synthetic diamond was measured at various wavelengths in the extreme ultraviolet. The measurements agree with a prediction based on published carbon attenuation coefficients assuming the density of natural diamond. A betterfit to the data results when an additional approximately 200-A layer of silicon is included in the model. It is believed that this silicon layer exists as silicon carbide.

Topic: Diamond and Carbon-based Materials Research
Subfield: Materials Chemistry
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
RADIOACTIVE ZINC IN THE PROSTATE

The concentration of zinc in the prostate gland was studied in dogs with prostatic fistulas by injecting the radioactive isotope Zn<sup>65</sup>intravenously. The ability of the canine prostate to concentrate and secrete zinc was demonstrated. The amount of zinc stored in the gland decreased after orchiectomy and increased greatly after administration of testosterone. It was also found possible to study the concentration of zinc in the human prostate by the preoperative intravenous injecttion of 108 to 150μc of Zn<sup>65</sup>and the subsequent examination of normal and abnormal prostatic tissue removed in such operations as radical cystectomy. The normal prostate contained more Zn<sup>65</sup>than did any other normal tissues examined, and neoplastic prostatic tissue generally contained less than normal prostatic tissue or tissue manifesting benign hyperplasia.

Topic: Urological Disorders and Treatments
Subfield: Urology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences