jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Managing the progressive awakening of Karthala volcano (Comoros Archipelago) after 14 years of quiescence: lessons learned from a long phase (2021-2023) of unrest.

Karthala shield volcano (Grande Comore) is the most frequently active volcano of the Comoros Archipelago. On a centennial scale, Karthala alternates phases of dominantly eccentric activity, when eruptive fissures open along the rift zones cutting the northern and southern volcano flanks, with phases of dominantly summit activity. As a whole, the volcano alternates periods of intense activity (4 eruptions in the 2005-2007 period) with decade-long periods of total rest. Since 1926, the activity of the volcano has occurred inside or close to the summit caldera, with the notable exception of the 1977 eruption located at a low altitude on the SW flank, close to the village of Tsingani. The last eruption occurred in 2007 in the northern part of the summit caldera.The Centre National de Documentation et de Recherche Scientifique (CNDRS) of Comoros is in charge of volcanic and seismic monitoring for the three islands of Grande Comore, Anjouan and Moheli. The headquarters of the Karthala Volcano Observatory (OVK) are located on Grande Comore. Geophysical and geochemical volcano monitoring and educational programs are performed in collaboration with international partners, while communication during seismo-volcanic events is performed in collaboration with the Civil Defence and a panel of stakeholders.Since November 2021, the OVK seismic network has detected the beginning of a new phase of unrest, after 14 years of quiescence. Swarms of deep eccentric seismicity below the western flank and minor shallow seismicity below the summit during June-October 2022 have been associated with significant movement of the western flank of the volcano towards the satellite as detected by satellite radar interferometry. A continuous trend of subsidence is measured inside the summit crater, possibly related to cooling of the 2007 lava lake. Geochemical monitoring has confirmed the absence of major changes in composition or temperature of the summit intra-caldera fumaroles and the occurrence of CO2 soil emissions mostly focused on the volcano flanks.On one side, the early detection of a possible dyke injection below the edifice, the progressive awakening of the volcano and the existence of major international cooperation programs (Interreg &amp;#8220;Hatari&amp;#8221;) have facilitated the rapid consolidation of the scientific and operational framework and have permitted to inform the national authorities and the population regularly. Conversely, the long duration of the alert represents a major challenge in maintaining a permanent and efficient scientific-operational interface able to face the several possible scenarios associated with the reawakening of Karthala volcano.

Topic: African Botany and Ecology Studies
Subfield: Forestry
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Crime Control and Police-Community Relations: A Cross-Cultural Comparison of Tokyo, Japan, and Santa Ana, California

Japan has the lowest crime rates in the industrialized world. Some of the reasons have to do with the lack of different, conflicting population groups; relative economic equality; racial homogeneity; pressure for individual conformity; and resilience of traditional values. But another reason appears to be community-based policing with grass-roots accountability. In the United States, many police resist and resent neighbor-based accountability, fearing at times that citizens will begin to tell them what to do. An exception is in Santa Ana, California, which, since the 1970s, has cut crime rates in half through proactive, rather than reactive, community-based policing, in which relations with citizens are much like those in Japan. Although cross-cultural transfer of crime-reduction strategies must be carried out with caution, there does appear to be potential for further successful adaptation of Japanese-type police-community partnerships in American cities.

Topic: Crime Patterns and Interventions
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Substrate Competition Studies Using Whole-Cell Accumulation Assays with the Major Tripartite Multidrug Efflux Pumps of <i>Escherichia coli</i>

ABSTRACT AcrAB-TolC is the major, constitutively expressed tripartite multidrug efflux system in Escherichia coli that recognizes various structurally unrelated molecules, including many antibiotics, dyes, and steroids. The AcrB inner membrane pump portion of the efflux system has been shown in recent structural studies to bind substrates at multiple sites, suggesting that particular substrate “sets” may compete for efflux by interfering with a certain binding site(s). However, our data indicate that the general structural class does not appear to dictate a particular substrate binding site that can be competitively inhibited in whole cells. In our study, substrate competition failed to increase cell-associated levels of steroids or dyes to levels characteristic of AcrB- or AcrB/EmrAB-deficient genomic mutants or achieved with the pump inhibitor carbonyl cyanide m -chlorophenylhydrazone. In addition, this general observation was sustained even with (i) a cocktail containing seven-pump substrates supplied slightly below their respective wild-type MIC levels, (ii) competing drug substrates of the same structural class (steroids or macrolides), and (iii) hyper-MIC levels of the exogenously supplied agents. Thus, this pump system (and possibly EmrAB-TolC) may have an extraordinary capacity to simultaneously handle multiple-drug substrates that is not necessarily reflected in MIC analyses. In addition, our study has extended the range of substrates recognized by the AcrAB- and EmrAB-TolC systems.

Topic: Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria
Subfield: Molecular Medicine
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
WTO Entry and Agriculture Support

The core and purpose of the  Four Policies evolved by WTO on supporting agriculture is to increase transparency in the trade of agricultural products so that all countries in the world may compete with one another equitably in their trade of farm produce. After entering WTO, China has to readjust structure and quantity of its agricultural products that receive preferential support in accordance with the principles stipulated by WTO, and to encourage and support more input into agricultural technology, rural education and improvement of agricultural environment by making full use of WTOs green box policy, in order to greatly strengthen the foundation of Chinese agricultural development and to enhance the competitive ability of Chinese agricultural products in world trade.

Topic: Global Trade and Competitiveness
Subfield: Strategy and Management
Field: Business, Management and Accounting
Domain: Social Sciences
Local Ward identities for collective excitations in fermionic systems with spontaneously broken symmetries

We derive Ward identities for fermionic systems exhibiting a gauge symmetry that gets globally broken. In particular, we focus on the relation that connects the gauge field response functions to the transverse susceptibilities of the order parameter. We find that the long-wavelength and zero-energy limit of the former are related to the coefficients of a low-energy expansion of the latter. We examine three physical cases: the superconductor, the N\'eel antiferromagnet, and the spiral magnet. In the case of a metallic spiral magnet that completely breaks the SU(2) spin symmetry, we explicitly show that the Ward identities are fulfilled within the random phase approximation. We subsequently derive microscopic expressions for the spin stiffnesses and spin-wave velocities, which can be plugged into low-energy models to study the effect of long-wavelength bosonic fluctuations on top of mean-field solutions.

Topic: Physics of Superconductivity and Magnetism
Subfield: Condensed Matter Physics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Comparative Study of PSS and POD for A Power System With PV Plant

An increase in interconnection of power systems may lead to poor damping oscillation. This paper studies the oscillation damping performance of the Power System Stabilizer (PSS) and Power Oscillation Damper which are located on a photovoltaic plant (PV-POD). A computer simulation of a power system with PSS and PV-POD is conducted in Matlab/Simscape Power System. The study consists of five scenarios with different operating conditions. To compare the damping performance, the results from the Eigen analysis and time domain analysis from the computer simulation are used to analyze the damping quality. The results show that the oscillation damping obtained from the system with POD is better than that from the system with PSS. However, when the operating condition of the system is changed, the oscillation damping of the system with PSS is more consistent than that of the system with POD.

Topic: Power System Optimization and Stability
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Effect of tobacco use on response to immunotherapy in patients with cancer.

e14537 Background: Evidence from existing literature suggests that it remains unclear if tobacco usage affects the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI). This research aims to evaluate the connection between smoking and the effectiveness of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy in specific cancer types treated at our institution. Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study where cancer patients &gt;18 years old who received immunotherapy from 2017 to 2023 were identified through our center’s Cancer Registry. This study focuses on three major cancer types: lung, head and neck, and melanoma. 458 patients with their demographics, staging, duration of treatment and last contact have been assessed. SAS 9.4 was used for analysis with Chi-square/Fisher’s Exact testing, Student’s T-test, life tests and the Cox proportional hazards model to discern the effects of tobacco use and overall survival. Results: Among 458 patients, 48 (10.48%) are never-smokers, and 410 (89.52%) are smokers (current or former). Overall, 211 (46.06%) have stage 0-IIIA, while 247 (53.93%) have IIIB-IVB tumors. The mean age is 66.08 years. Additionally, 330 patients (72.05%) received chemotherapy as part of their treatment regimen in addition to immunotherapy. Non-tobacco users exhibit a higher survival probability compared to tobacco users. At five years, non-tobacco users showed a survival rate of 41%, whereas tobacco users had a survival rate of 28% (p=0.01) and hazard ratio [HR] of 1.55 (95% confidence interval, 1.00–2.39). The median survival for all patients is 40 months among non-tobacco users and 19 months among tobacco users. Moreover, there is no difference in the survival rates between current and former smokers. Conclusions: The study demonstrates that immunotherapy has better outcomes and increases survival probability in non-tobacco users. Also, there is no difference in survival between current or former tobacco users. However, these findings warrant future prospective studies.

Topic: Cancer, Stress, Anesthesia, and Immune Response
Subfield: Psychiatry and Mental health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Dietary and Physical Activity Correlates of Muscle Mass in 60–65-Year-Old Seniors: A Gender-Specific Analysis

Introduction: Sarcopenia and loss of skeletal muscle mass represent major public health concerns in aging populations. Although both diet and physical activity (PA) are recognized as modifiable determinants of muscle mass, their effects may differ by sex. This study aimed to examine dietary and behavioral correlates of muscle mass amongst community-dwelling adults aged 60–65 in Central Poland. Methods: The study included 134 women and 138 men. Body composition was assessed using bioelectrical impedance (Maltron Bioscan 920, Essex, UK). Dietary intake was evaluated using a 24 h recall analyzed with Dieta 5.0 software. PA was measured using the Seven-Day Physical Activity Recall Questionnaire and the Stanford Physical Activity Indices. Statistical analysis included bivariate correlations and general linear modeling performed separately for women and men. Results: In women, skeletal muscle mass (as a percent of body mass) showed significant positive associations with protein intake per kilogram of body weight, magnesium, phosphorus, and moderate health-related PA. Concomitantly, there was a negative correlation with lipids such as long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). In multivariate models, protein intake remained the only predictor. In men, only protein intake per kilogram of body weight demonstrated a significant association with muscle mass; no other dietary or PA factors were retained in the model. Conclusions: The findings indicate that dietary and behavioral factors influencing muscle mass vary by sex. While muscle mass in women is linked to multiple nutritional and lifestyle factors, men appear primarily responsive to total protein intake. These sex-specific differences may underscore the importance of tailored strategies in sarcopenia prevention.

Topic: Nutrition and Health in Aging
Subfield: Physiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
SCREENING OF VARIOUS PLANT EXTRACTS FOR ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITY AGAINST CANDIDA SPECIES

Candida is a part of normal micro flora of human body and is commonly isolated from blood stream infection. Since very early in human history, people have relied on medicinal plants to cure them of various ills. The Use of plant extracts to treat microbial infections are reported in our ancient Ayurvedic Medicinal system. Taking into account, five different plants; Vitex negundo (leaf), Adathoda vasica (leaf), Azadirachta indica (leaf), Mentha piperita (leaf) and Curcuma longa (rhizome) were selected for antifungal activity against Candida . Fresh leaves of plants were collected randomly from Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India except Azadirachta indict which was collected from Hamirpur, Himachal Pradesh (India). Nine clinical Candida isolates were collected from National Culture Collection of Pathogenic fungi (N.C.C.P.F) P.G.I.M.E.R Chandigarh India. Various extracts of the selected plants were tested for their antifungal activity against Candida species. A significant antifungal activity was shown by all five plant extracts. This study will help us to design new natural therapeutic strategies against Candida associated infections.

Topic: Synthesis and bioactivity of alkaloids
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Study on Quality Standard of Huoluo Oil

Objective To establish the quality standard of Huoluo Oil.Methods Gas chromatography(GC)was adopted to identify the four components(turpentine oil,camphor,menthol and wintergreen oi)lof Huoluo Oil.Naphthalene was used as the internal standard to test the contents of menthol and wintergreen oil.Results Turpentine oil,camphor,menthol and wintergreen oil had been well isolated under the same chromatographic condition.The standard curves of menthol was linear in the range of 0.66～4.40 mg·mL-1,Y=0.185X+0.003(r=1),and that of wintergreen oil was linear in the range of 0.88～5.86 mg·mL-1,Y=0.124X+0.002(r=0.999).The average recovery of menthol and wintergreen oil was 97.30%(RSD=1.08%)and 99.61%(RSD=1.08%)(n=9),respectively.Conclusion The established method is simple,reproducible and suitable for quality control of Huoluo Oil.

Topic: Traditional Chinese Medicine Analysis
Subfield: Complementary and alternative medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Review: Kieślowski's "Short Films": A Short Film about Killing by Krzysztof Kieślowski; Kieślowski's "Short Films": A Short Film about Love by Krzysztof Kieślowski

Book Review| October 01 1990 Review: Kieślowski's "Short Films": A Short Film about Killing by Krzysztof Kieślowski; Kieślowski's "Short Films": A Short Film about Love by Krzysztof Kieślowski Kieślowski's "Short Films": A Short Film about KillingKrzysztof Kieślowski Kieślowski's "Short Films": A Short Film about LoveKrzysztof Kieślowski Charles Eidsvik Charles Eidsvik Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Film Quarterly (1990) 44 (1): 50–55. https://doi.org/10.2307/1212700 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Charles Eidsvik; Review: Kieślowski's "Short Films": A Short Film about Killing by Krzysztof Kieślowski; Kieślowski's "Short Films": A Short Film about Love by Krzysztof Kieślowski. Film Quarterly 1 October 1990; 44 (1): 50–55. doi: https://doi.org/10.2307/1212700 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search nav search search input Search input auto suggest search filter All ContentFilm Quarterly Search This content is only available via PDF. Copyright 1990 The Regents of the University of California Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.

Topic: Eastern European Communism and Reforms
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Effects of Woo-Ri Dance Exercise on Inflammatory Factors and Happiness Indices in Elderly Women

The purpose of this study was to investigate how Woo-Ri dance exercise affects the Inflammatory Factors and Happiness Indices in elderly women. The subjects of this study were 30 female senior citizens aged 65 or older in the metropolitan city of B, and were classified into two groups: the experimental group Woo-Ri dance exercise (n=15) and the control group (n=15). The experimental group was conducted three times a week for 16 weeks. The data were calculated using the SPSS (24.0) statistics program to calculate the mean value (M) and standard deviation (SD) for each variable. To investigate main effects and interaction effects, you performed a two-way iterative ANOVA and set the post-comparison with the significance level to less than 0.05. The result, in the case of the happiness index, there was a significant increase in the main effect for the Woo-Ri dance exercise group (p.001), whereas for the control group (p.01), there was a significant decrease in the main effect and there was the interaction effect (p.001). But the inflammatory factor did not change significantly. However, considering that it is for the elderly, it is considered a positive effect that there is no change. When the inflammatory factor element is performed in Woo-Ri dance, it is thought that it is necessary to analyze the effect of long-term exercise prescription for more than 24 weeks. The study shows that regular Woo-Ri dance with joyful music is safe and effective exercise, not causing excessive strain on the joints.BR In conclusion, the 16-week Woo-Ri dance exercise has a positive effect on Inflammatory Factors and Happiness Indices in elderly women, which leads to effectively improving mental health and fitness.

Topic: Health and Wellbeing Research
Subfield: General Health Professions
Field: Health Professions
Domain: Health Sciences
Another Result of the 50 Years of Northern History Research(Kim, Jung-Bae, 2018, Recognition of Korea and China’s Northern History, Sechang Publisher Co.)

김정배 선생의 『한국과 중국의 북방사 인식』은 2015년 4월 한국연구재단 주관의 ‘석학과 함께하는 인문강좌’에서 “북방사를 둘러싼 중국과 한국의 역사인식”이라는 주제로 이루어진 강연 내용을 정리한 것이다. 1967년 삼한 문제에 대한 연구로 석사학위 논문을 학계에 제출한 저자는 2005년 고려대 한국사학과 교수로 정년 퇴직하였다.BR 저자는 50년이 넘는 기간 동안 주로 고조선･삼한 등의 역사·문화 및 우리나라 청동기·철기시대의 사회상에 대한 연구를 정력적으로 진행하여 왔다. 문헌 사학에 고고학적 지식의 접목 및 인류학 이론의 적용 등은 한국고대사연구에서 저자의 독보적인 성과로 평가되고 있다. 그 과정에서 100여 편이 넘는 연구 논문과 다양한 형태의 연구서를 간행하였음은 주지의 사실이다.BR 그런데 1년 전 간행한 이 저서는 역사적 사실에 대한 저자의 직접적인 연구 성과라기보다는, 연구 진행 과정에서 얻은 또는 대응한 저자의 현실적 경험을 담고 있다. 즉, 중국과 러시아, 북한 연구자들의 한국사 인식에 대한 태도 및 그에 대한 저자의 대응 과정이 바로 이 책에 녹아 있다. 그러면서도 서술 내용은, 저자의 주 연구 대상이었던 고조선·삼한을 벗어나, 발해·고구려에 대한 애착으로 점철되어 있다. 이는 아마도 1980년대부터 고조선 지역에 대한 중국 현지 답사를 비롯하여 저자의 연구 대상이 ‘북방’이었다는 것과, 21세기 초입에 야기된 중국과의 ‘역사 전쟁’에서 비롯한 것이라 여겨진다.BR 이 서평에서 설정한 4개의 章은 저자가 자신의 저서에서 구성한 4개의 장과 동일하게 하였다. 이는 저자의 서술 내용을 간략하게 소개하면서 이 글을 전개하고자 함에서 그리한 것이다.

Topic: Asian Culture and Media Studies
Subfield: Cultural Studies
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Enhancing Luminol Electrochemiluminescence by Combined Use of Cobalt-Based Metal Organic Frameworks and Silver Nanoparticles and Its Application in Ultrasensitive Detection of Cardiac Troponin I

Electrochemiluminescence (ECL) has emerged as one of the most important methods for in vitro diagnosis and detection, but it is still limited in sensitivity for ultrasensitive biodetections. Fast and ultrasensitive detection of biomolecules is critical, especially for the clinical detection of cardiac troponin I (cTnI) for cardiac infarction diagnosis. In this study, an effective tactic was developed to enhance ECL efficiency of the luminol system, by combined use of Co<sup>2+</sup>-based metal organic frameworks (MOF), zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIF-67), and luminol-capped Ag nanoparticles (luminol-AgNPs). The integration leads to a pronounced ∼115-fold enhancement in luminol ECL. On the basis of this fascinating sensing platform, a robust label-free ECL immunosensor was constructed for ultrasensitive detection of cTnI, the main marker of myocardial infarction, with good stability and a detection limit as low as 0.58 fg mL<sup>-1</sup> (S/N = 3).

Topic: Advanced biosensing and bioanalysis techniques
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT MODES OF LOW LEVEL LASER IRRADIATION ON THE HEALING OF EXPERIMENTALLY INFECTED WOUNDS

Many studies, using low level laser irradiation (LLLI), have been performed to investigate the influence of laser irradiation on the healing process of wounds or lesions. It has been proposed that the low incident levels of laser irradiation may stimulate the growth of bacterial cells and normal tissue cells. This study was performed to determine whether LLLI has a promotive effect on the healing of experimentally infected wounds and which irradiation type has the more promotive healing effect in the rat model. The most and least proliferative pulses found effective in a previous study were used in this study. The laser was a pulsed gallium arsenide (GaAs) semiconductor laser with a wavelength of 904 nm. The incident average powers were 1 mW and 10 mW. Circular, full-thickness skin defects measuring about 6 mm in diameter were produced on the gluteus superficialis of both hind limb in each rat. Staphylococcus aureus was inoculated on the wounds. In addition to comparing the two pulsing frequencies, irradiation around the periphery of the wound was compared with irradiation of the wound bed. The wound contraction rate was measured after irradiation accoring to irradiation and pulse types. There was a significant increase in wound contraction rates in the irradiation groups for both pulse types compared with the unirradiated contralateral control wounds. Comparing the healing effects of peripheral and wound bed irradiation, however, there was no significant difference between the effects of the two irradiation types.

Topic: Laser Applications in Dentistry and Medicine
Subfield: Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences