jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Atomic Lifetime Measurements of Highly Charged Ions

Atomic line spectra reveal atomic structure and the fact that energy is quantized. Only transitions between the "fixed" excitation levels of an atom are possible. However, not all combinations of levels occur in actual spectra and not all spectral lines are of similar intensity. These observations point to selection rules (invoking parity, angular momentum, spin, etc.) and to the concept of transition probability, or the "A factor" Aki for a transition from level k to level i. The mean lifetime τ that appears in the exponential decay law of an excited level is the reciprocal of the sum of all transition probabilities from a given level:τk = 1 ΣAki.

Topic: Atomic and Molecular Physics
Subfield: Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
On translating Emily Brontë’s style in <i>Wuthering Heights</i> into Arabic

Abstract Translating Emily Brontë’s (1818–1848) Wuthering Heights (1847) into Arabic is a complex and multifaceted task. This paper explores the challenges involved in this task by discussing distinctive features of Brontë’s style and their counterparts in Mamdouh Haqqi’s Arabic translation of the novel. Stylistic features under focus include lexis, figurative language, and structure. As for Brontë’s lexis, it intricately knits elements like characters, setting, and themes. To take their readers to the unpredictable world of Wuthering Heights , translators try to find Arabic equivalents suggesting the associations and connotations of the Source Text (ST) style. Among the obstacles translators need to overcome are lexical gaps, as some lexicalized thoughts and experiences in English have no lexicalized equivalents in Arabic. Resorting to paraphrases may result in sacrificing the compactness of the source text (ST) and losing some shades of meaning. Further complications result from dealing with figurative language. Conveying Brontë’s imagery, personifications, and references to abstract notions in terms of material objects requires thoughtful consideration. Furthermore, the structure of Brontë’s language significantly expresses characters’ attitudes and other subtle traits. Less vivacious translations are expected when the function of expressions in the ST eludes translators’ attention. Throughout the discussion, suggestions are made to provide readers of the text in Arabic with better access to the ST. At the same time, the researcher acclaims Haqqi’s translation which reflects a considerable effort to make a landmark of English/world literature accessible to Arab readers.

Topic: Translation Studies and Practices
Subfield: Language and Linguistics
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Design of a serious game learning mechanism for the implementation of ISO 22000:2018 in the swallow’s nest industry

The importance of the international organisation for standardisation (ISO) 22000:2018 food safety management standard is internationally recognized.Industries in the food sector use this standard to validate their production outcomes globally because it offers comprehensive assistance for implementing efficient food safety management systems (FSMSs) [1,2].Strict standards for food safety and quality apply to export production.Digitalization can speed up and enhance ISO 22000:2018 operations in markets that have become more competitive [3].The swallow's nest industry needs to follow food safety regulations during the production process to export its products.Swallow's nests are a major export commodity in Indonesia with great growth potential.

Topic: Food Supply Chain Traceability
Subfield: Food Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
IMPROVING STUDENTS’ SPEAKING SKILLS WITH ACTION LEARNING STRATEGY AT EIGHTH GRADE OF JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL (A Classroom Action Research at Eight Grade Students of SMP N 01 Kota Bengkulu)

This research aimed to see the improvement of students’ speaking skill in english lesson by using action learning strategy at eighth grade. The participants of this research were 32 students form VIII.6 class consisting on 15 male and 17 female. This research used Classroom Action Research (CAR). The data were obtained through the observation and speaking test. To determine students who are successful in improving speaking skills based on the KKM (Minimum Completeness Criteria), which is 80. To analysis the data, the researcher used two steps, namely scoring students speaking skills use quantitative data and calculating the students’ score. The results of this study showed an increase in students' speaking ability. The results of this research indicate an improve in students' speaking ability. Students who experienced an increase in speaking skills in the preliminary data was 62.5%, or 20 students, the cycle I was 75% or 24 students and the cycle II was 84.375% or 27 students. While students who did not succeed in the preliminary data was 37.5% or 12 students, the cycle I was 25% or 8 students and the cycle II was 15.675% or 5 students. Based on the results of interviews conducted by researchers to several samples of students, several factors were found that were able to improve students' speaking skills. These factors were the comfort that students get while studying, giving reward points to attract students' interest and teachers applied some learning tricks to attract students' attention while studying.

Topic: Educational Methods and Media Use
Subfield: Information Systems
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Improved Modelling of ADC Distributions makes Therapeutic co-clinical Trials possible with very small animal numbers

In oncology, preclinical experiments using MRI often evaluate spatially complex and heterogeneous tumor micro-environments which have non-Gaussian data and small sample sizes, with cohorts typically of 10 animals or less. As a consequence, conventional use of t-tests that evaluate distribution parameters such as means and percentiles can be ineffective. Further, the cohort-level nature of such analyses also limits investigations to groups of tumors rather than identifying individually responding tumors. In contrast, Linear Poisson Modelling (LPM) enables quantitative analysis of complex data, can operate in small data domains and can also provide per-tumor assessments 2.ideal for co-clinical trials.

Topic: MRI in cancer diagnosis
Subfield: Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Satellite Telemetry Elucidates Migratory Pathways and Foraging Areas for Hawksbill Sea Turtles, Eretmochelys imbricata, in the Caribbean

Adult female sea turtles are highly migratory, moving between foraging and nesting areas that can be thousands of kilometers apart. Conserving sea turtles and their habitats therefore depends on knowledge of space use across these migration-linked environments. Here, we describe migratory behavior of hawksbill sea turtles (Eretmochelys imbricata), a globally imperiled species. We used satellite telemetry to characterize the movements of females from nesting areas in Jamaica (n = 4) and Antigua (n = 4), West Indies, over 1998–2001. We mapped migrations and summarized space use during inter-nesting and foraging periods with kernel utilization distributions (UDs) and minimum convex polygons. Seven of eight turtles made post-nesting migrations, with paths ranging 56–1324 km in length, representing straight-line displacements of 68–1206 km. Two turtles sampled in southern Jamaica made short-range migrations within southern Jamaican waters, whereas two from northern Jamaica migrated further to foraging areas in the waters of Belize and Honduras. Three migrants sampled at Long Island, Antigua migrated to St. Eustatius, St. Kitts, and Redonda, respectively, with a fourth individual remaining resident in northeastern Antigua. Inter-nesting movements observed for three turtles produced 50% UDs ranging 12–44 km2, with centroid depths between 4–13 m. Foraging UDs for seven turtles spanned 8–111 km2 and 2–161 m in depth. Our results reveal variable migratory strategies, demonstrate international connectivity between hawksbill foraging and nesting habitats, and provide important information for Caribbean conservation efforts such as the design of protected areas or fisheries policies.

Topic: Turtle Biology and Conservation
Subfield: Nature and Landscape Conservation
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Supplementary Figure 1 from A Novel Aldehyde Dehydrogenase-3 Activator (Alda-89) Protects Submandibular Gland Function from Irradiation without Accelerating Tumor Growth

&lt;p&gt;PDF file, 89K, Low dose of Alda-89 does not protect SMG Function after RT.&lt;/p&gt;

Topic: Cancer, Hypoxia, and Metabolism
Subfield: Cancer Research
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
An Application of the Localization Strategy of MNCs in China: The case of Starbucks

With the rise of the Chinese market, more MNCs begin to take China as the main market. In order to take up more market share in China, choosing a feasible business strategy is vital for MNCs. Localization strategy is now considered as one of the most suitable strategies in China. However, the motivations and impacts of localization strategy and its enlightenments for western catering multinationals in China are rarely researched. Therefore, I set Starbucks as a case study to do an in-depth analysis of localization strategy in China on the basis of overseas direct investment theory and strategic management theory. The finding shows that Starbucks take localization as the main strategy is because of both internal (company) and external (host country) factors. Correspondingly, the impacts of localization reflect in Starbucks performance and China’s transformation. Still, there is the limitation in this research. For instance, Starbucks has its own distinctive characteristics which are difficult to imitate. Thus, setting Starbucks as a single case study is not comprehensive and the research findings cannot be applied to all catering multinationals. Also, it is hard to say that localization strategy is suitable for all MNCs in China.

Topic: International Business and FDI
Subfield: Strategy and Management
Field: Business, Management and Accounting
Domain: Social Sciences
RESEARCH ARTICLE Blood longitudinal (T1) and transverse (T2) relaxation time

Object The goal of the study was to determine blood T1 and T2 values as functions of oxygen saturation (Y), tem-perature (Temp) and hematocrit (Hct) at an ultrahigh MR field (11.7 T) and explore their impacts on physiological measurements, including cerebral blood flow (CBF), blood volume (CBV) and oxygenation determination. Materials and methods T1 and T2 were simultaneously measured. Temperature was adjusted from 25 to 40C to determine Temp dependence; Hct of 0.17–0.51 to evaluate Hct dependence at 25 and 37C; and Y of 40–100 % to evaluate Y dependence at 25 and 37C. Comparisons were made with published data obtained at different magnetic field strengths (B0). Results T1 was positively correlated with Temp, inde-pendent of Y, and negatively correlated with Hct. T2 was negatively correlated with Temp and Hct, but positively correlated with Y, in a non-linear fashion. T1 increased lin-early with B0, whereas T2 decreased exponentially with B0. Conclusion This study reported blood T1 and T2 mea-surements at 11.7 T for the first time. These blood relax-ation data could have implications in numerous functional and physiological MRI studies at 11.7 T.

Topic: Advanced MRI Techniques and Applications
Subfield: Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Relations between ejection fraction andventricular volume, andtheir alteration bychronic beta-blockade

SUMMARY Thisstudy describes thenewly discovered relation between ejection fraction andendsystolic volume index (ESVI) oftheleft ventricle asobtained byangiography atthetimeofcardiac catheterisation. Linear regression analysis shows that ejection fraction (%)=82 0-062ESVI(ml/m2) butthecorrelation forpatients receiving beta-adrenergic blocking drugs issignificantly lower compared withtheuntreated group.Non-linear analysis, applied tocoveralso theasymptotic range forejection fraction <20%,shows similar results. Thegoodrelation between the twoindices indicates that theindex ejection fraction may derive its clinical importance directly fromthe morefundamental index end-systolic volume index byvirtue ofthe operationofthebeta-adrenergic system ontheheart. Generally, ejection fraction hasbeen accepted clinically asauseful index toassess ventricular performance. ITo date, nobasis other thanempirical observations has beenprovided onwhich theimportance2 ofejection fraction isfounded. Moreover, someinvestigators have questioned seriously therelevance ofejection fraction asaunique discriminator ofventricular performance.34 End-diastolic volume index (EDVI) hasbeen regarded asaprimary determinant ofventricular function, mainly inconjunction with theFrank-Starling lawof theheart. Several studies have shown amoreorless hyperbolic relation between ejection fraction andenddiastolic volume index.5-7 Recently, however, considerable attention hasbeengiven tosystolic events during thecardiac cycle, andparticularly totheendsystolic volume index89 andrelated quantities suchas systolic elastance. 10-12 Since end-systolic volume isthe volume towhich theheart isable tocontract under given conditions ofpreload andafterload this index is just asfundamental asend-diastolic volume tojudge cardiac performance. Consequently, itseems logical to investigate therelation between thetwosystolic indices, ejection fraction andend-systolic volume index (ESVI). Thepresent study documents aremarkable relation between theempirical index ejection fraction andthefunctional variable end-systolic volume index inalarge group ofpatients. Inaddition, theeffect of adrenergic blockade onthis relation isstudied byway ofanalysis ofaseparate group ofpatients under chronic treatment with beta-blockade.

Topic: Cardiovascular Function and Risk Factors
Subfield: Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
The role of cone beam computed tomoraphy (CBCT) for direct sinus lift in atrophic maxillary posterior region: Report of a case

The role of cone beam computed tomoraphy (CBCT) for direct sinus lift in atrophic maxillary posterior region: Report of a case - IJMI- Print ISSN No: - 2581-382X Online ISSN No:- 2581-3838 Article DOI No:- 10.18231/j.ijmi.2019.011, IP International Journal of Maxillofacial Imaging-IP Int J Maxillofac Imaging

Topic: Dental Radiography and Imaging
Subfield: Oral Surgery
Field: Dentistry
Domain: Health Sciences
Computerized Zoning: The Future is Now

Abstract Zoning will be 80 years old this year,1 but the face of a typical zoning ordinance is remarkably unchanged. Certainly procedures, techniques and standards have changed. Yet, today's standard zoning ordinance looks little different than those earlier regulations, except that the type size is slightly larger and the bulk substantially greater. (For example, Florida Land Development Codes often exceed 1,000 pages.)

Topic: 3D Modeling in Geospatial Applications
Subfield: Building and Construction
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
STUDY TO KNOW THE ARTERIAL PHASE 128-SLICE MULTIDETECTOR CT ANGIOGRAPHY DIAGNOSTIC ACCURACY FOR DETECTING THROMBUS IN LEFT ATRIAL APPENDAGES IN PATIENTS PREPARED FOR ATRIAL FIBRILLATION ABLATION

<strong><em>Objective:</em></strong><em> The aim of this study is to determine the Arterial Phase 128-Slice Multidetector CT Angiography diagnostic accuracy for detecting thrombus in Left Atrial Appendage in patients prepared for Atrial Fibrillation Ablation.</em> <strong><em>Place and duration:</em></strong><em> In the Radiology department of Chaudhry Pervaiz Elahi Institute of Cardiology (CPEIC), Multan in collaboration with Cardiology department for one year duration from October 2017 to October 2018.</em> <strong><em>Methods:</em></strong><em> The accuracy of MDCT variability in the left atrial thrombus evaluation before AFA and its investigation was done. Before the procedure, 50 MDCT and transesophageal echocardiography examinations were performed. All MDCT images were reviewed by 3 experienced observers to detect the thrombus presence in the left atrial appendage, and transesophageal echocardiograms (TEE) were reviewed by two different readers, which were taken as reference standards. For clinical data; all observers were blinded to and each other. </em> <strong><em>Results:</em></strong><em> Inter-observer variability was low between the 3 readers of MDCT (P = 0.001, highest kappa statistic, 0.43). Diagnostic accuracy was much different with sensitivities from 100% to 50% and with specificities from 86% to 45%. The ETE reader contract was 97%. </em> <strong><em>Conclusion:</em></strong><em> MDCT has only a modest diagnostic accuracy and high interobserver variability for detecting left atrial appendage thrombus in subjects done with AFA procedure. The accuracy of MDCT affected by potential factors includes the image quality and the problem in differentiating the clot from the pectinate muscle. It is supposed that MDCT is not the most appropriate procedure for the left atrial thrombus detection by using interpretation standards and existing techniques.</em> <strong>Key Words:</strong> <em>MDCT, Arterial Phase, diagnostic accuracy, Radiology.</em>

Topic: Atrial Fibrillation Management and Outcomes
Subfield: Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
254-OR: Effects of Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass on Postprandial Glucose Turnover Assessed through the Single-Tracer Oral Minimal Model

Rearrangements of gastrointestinal anatomy after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) surgery alter postprandial glucose metabolism. However, the impact on different components of glucose homeostasis remain incompletely understood. Here, we aim to evaluate the effects of RYGB on postprandial glucose turnover, production (P) and disposal (D) glucose effectiveness (GEP, GED) and production and disposal sensitivity to insulin (SIP, SID). Ten RYGB (2M, age=39.2±3.1 y, BMI=28±1 kg/m2- mean±SE) subjects and 10 healthy controls (5M, age=36.4±3.2 y, BMI=26±1 kg/m2) ingested 60g of glucose (G) labelled with [6,6-2H2]-glucose. Plasma samples were frequently drawn to measure G, insulin (I) and tracer concentrations in the following 180 min. The Single-Tracer Oral Minimal Model was used to estimate meal glucose rate of appearance (Ra), endogenous glucose production (EGP), glucose disposal (Rd), GEP, GED, SIP and SID. Incremental area under the G curve (iAUC(G)) was not different in the two groups, while iAUC(I) was significantly higher in RYGB (8346±803 vs. 5451±602 μU/mL*min, p=0.011); iAUC(Ra) normalized to the G dose was significantly higher in the first 60 min after the meal (0.72±0.04 vs. 0.28±0.03, p&amp;lt;0.001) while, throughout the experiment, EGP suppression (EGPs) normalized to basal (EGPb) was significantly lower (0.31±0.06 vs. 0.55±0.05, p=0.006) and iAUC(Rd) normalized to basal (Rdb) was higher (3.46±0.10 vs. 2.82±0.08, p&amp;lt;0.001) in RYGB than controls. Model predicted SIP was significantly lower in RYGB than controls (2.0±0.5 vs. 5.1±1.2 10-4 dL/kg/min per μU/mL, p=0.033) while no differences were observed in GEP, GED and SID. We concluded that the abnormally high I concentration in RYGB was responsible for the higher iAUC(Rd) in the operated individuals, while the reduced SIP likely works as a protective mechanism against postprandial hypoglycaemia by reducing EGPs despite the high circulating I. Disclosure A.Brunasso: None. C.Dalla man: Research Support; Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland GmbH, Becton, Dickinson and Company. D.Herzig: None. L.Bally: Research Support; Dexcom, Inc., Ypsomed AG. M.Schiavon: None. Funding Italian Minister for Education (Law 232/2016); Swiss National Science Foundation (PCEGP3_186978)

Topic: Bariatric Surgery and Outcomes
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Aerodynamic optimization of double S-duct caret intake by self-adapting non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm

The caret intake could not only provide compressed airflow to the aircraft engine stably but also should have applicable radar stealth performance. Radar stealth means that the echo intensity of the intake should be low when detected by radar, which could be measured by radar cross section (RCS). The airflow distribution of the double S-duct caret intake was numerically optimized to improve aerodynamic performance, with radar stealth performance as constraints. Self-adaptive genetic algorithm and Kriging model were used to improve the optimization efficiency. There could be multiple boundary-layer separations in the S-duct caret intake, resulting in obvious total pressure distortion at the outlet and secondary flow. To suppress these adverse airflow phenomena, the optimization of the double S-duct intake was defined as a problem with two targets and multiple constraints. By defining the probabilities of selection and variation as functions of the iteration number and the fitness, the self-adapting non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm can be applicable for such a problem. Using the Kriging model, which was proven to have satisfactory accuracy in predicting performance parameters, an optimized intake with both excellent aerodynamic and stealth performance was obtained, with a 30% reduction in DC60 value and a 47% reduction in SC60 value compared to the intake before optimization.

Topic: Plant Surface Properties and Treatments
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Bioeconomy based on Scientific Research and Entrepreneurship

The bioeconomy can be defined as an activity that provides solutions to problems arising from the imbalance between increasing world population and the availability of resources and difficulties in supplying those needs. Bioeconomy is based on best and new uses of natural resources among which are important and essential plant species in areas such as agriculture, food industry, cosmetics and pharmaceutical industry, textile industry, landscaping and architecture, design of interior and exterior gardens, bioenergy, and the conservation and restoration of soils and natural ecosystems. Once checked problems, how to propose solutions in the context of the Bioeconomy? The universities base their activity in teaching and learning and scientific research. Furthermore, human societies and the habitats they occupy are social structures in which problems occur. If scientific research provides results that may constitute solutions to problems, it is necessary to build bridges between the academic activity and problems of society, bridges to convert research results in an entrepreneurial activity that allows its application as a solution to a given problem. That bridge is entrepreneurship to develop spin-offs and start-up. Something else to consider? The entrepreneurship is a process, it is learned, tested and developed, but solves nothing if not based on an entrepreneur, so the bridge is the entrepreneur instead of entrepreneurship. Consequently we must devote the effort to form new mindsets and attitudes to modern societies. If we have the necessary tools, learn to use them to be resolute and ask governments environments and mechanisms necessary to carry out the task.

Topic: Bioeconomy and Sustainability Development
Subfield: General Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences