jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Research productivity of international medical graduate (IMG) hematology and oncology fellows in the United States (US).

9003 Background: IMGs constitute one-third of practicing oncologists in the US. However, there is limited data on their academic contributions. We analyzed the research productivity of IMG hematology-oncology fellows in US fellowship programs. Methods: Hematology-oncology fellows enrolled in an ACGME accredited training program as of June 2024, were identified from publicly available institutional fellowship program websites. Baseline characteristics (presumed gender, institution, additional graduate degrees [AD]) and academic profiles were abstracted. Research productivity data, including number of PubMed-listed manuscripts, original articles, review articles, first-author and senior-author manuscripts, google scholar (GS)-listed abstracts/articles, high-impact (impact factor ≥ 10) articles, citations, H-index, I-10 index were obtained from PubMed and GS. Fellows were categorized as IMGs or AMGs, based on whether they completed medical school outside or within the US, respectively. Chi-squared and Wilcoxon rank-sum/T-tests were used for categorical and numeric variables, respectively. Linear regression identified factors associated with higher research productivity. Results: Out of the total 1,858 fellows included, 42.3% were female, and 11% held ADs (e.g. master’s, PhD). Among all fellows, 30.5% were identified as IMGs. AMGs were more likely than IMGs to hold ADs (12% vs. 8.3%, p=0.019) and PhDs (8.9% vs. 3.4%, p&lt;0.001). However, IMG fellows exhibited significantly higher research productivity, including more manuscripts (mean, 95% CI: 14.9 [12.6, 17.3] vs. 9.5 [8.6, 10.4]), abstracts (14.9 [9.2, 20.6] vs. 7.3 [3.5, 10.9]), review articles (4.9 [3.9, 6.0] vs. 2.4 [2.2, 2.7]), first-author manuscripts (4.3 [3.6, 5.0] vs. 2.7 [2.5, 2.8]), compared to AMGs (all p&lt;0.001), Table 1. IMGs had an estimated 5.7 more manuscripts on average than AMGs after adjusting for gender and ADs (p&lt;0.001); this difference varied by gender (8.7 higher in males, p&lt;0.001, and 2.0 higher in females, p=0.2). Conclusions: IMG hematology-oncology fellows exhibit higher research productivity than their AMG counterparts, despite having fewer additional degrees. Our results highlight the substantial contributions of IMG fellows, underscore their critical role in academic medicine, and emphasize the importance of addressing potential structural barriers to practice at academic medical centers upon graduation. Research profile of IMG/AMG hematology-oncology fellows. Research productivity (median, IQR) IMG (N= 566) AMG (N= 1292) p-value PubMed manuscripts 7.5 (3, 16) 6 (2, 11) &lt;0.001 GS articles 14 (6, 33) 9 (3, 18) &lt;0.001 Abstracts 3 (1, 13) 2 (0, 6) &lt;0.001 Original articles 4 (1, 11) 3 (1, 8) &lt;0.001 Review articles 2 (0, 5) 1 (0, 3) &lt;0.001 First-author manuscripts 2 (0, 5) 2 (0, 4) &lt;0.001 Citations 116 (28, 310) 80 (12, 346) 0.07 H-index 5 (2, 8) 4 (0, 8) 0.003 I-10 index 3 (1, 9) 2 (0, 12) 0.28

Topic: Global Health Workforce Issues
Subfield: Emergency Medical Services
Field: Health Professions
Domain: Health Sciences
Absence and wastage in trained nurses: a selective review of the literature*

This review is concerned widi two kinds of withdrawal from work in trained British nurses, absence and wastage, and, since these areas have not been widely or reliably researched in nursing, some reference is made to studies into the withdrawal behaviour of other, mainly industrial, workers. A descriptiorl of the incidence of absence and wastage is given and the problems of definition and measurement outlined. The factors associated with both forms of withdrawal are considered and, for clarity, these are grouped into three categories–person/personality, work context and external variables. Although the review of the factors, related to absence in nurses, suggests certain associations, firm generalizations cannot be made from the results and conclusions reported here. Comparisons between many of the studies are impossible because of inconsistent definitions and measurement techniques, unrepresentative sampling methods and different time periods employed. Furthermore, many authors have relied heavily on well‐informed, subjective impressions rather than objectively collected and analysed data. These studies have provided useful information for the individual organizations concerned and have raised interesting issues, but their contribution to understanding the phenomenon of absence is more limited. There is no doubt from the literature that absence, that is the frequency of absence spells, short‐term absence or uncertificated absence, is increasing for nurses as well as for other workers and is giving managers more cause for concern than longterm absence (more than 3 days duration) or certificated absence. It is more difficult, however, to reach a definite conclusion about the incidence of wastage in trained nurses, but the present trends suggest that mobility is not excessive and may even be too low. This could present as great a problem to nurse management as excessive wastage if it results in a degree of ‘in‐breeding’, ‘stagnation’ and ‘complacency’. The optimum level of mobility is presumably one which strikes a balance between innovation, fresh ideas, etc., and a necessary cohesive core of staff. That optimum level is likely to vary between units and organizations. Differing views on the nature of the relationship between absence and wastage are outlined and some suggestions for further research are made. It is outside the scope of this paper to discuss theories and models of ‘withdrawal’, but the reader is referred to several writings should he wish to pursue this.

Topic: Employment and Welfare Studies
Subfield: General Health Professions
Field: Health Professions
Domain: Health Sciences
Common elements in interleukin 4 and insulin signaling pathways in factor-dependent hematopoietic cells.

Interleukin 4 (IL-4), insulin, and insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) efficiently induced DNA synthesis in the IL-3-dependent murine myeloid cell lines FDC-P1 and FDC-P2. Although these factors could not individually sustain long-term growth of these lines, a combination of IL-4 with either insulin or IGF-I did support continuous growth. The principal tyrosine-phosphorylated substrate observed in FDC cells stimulated with IL-4, previously designated 4PS, was of the same size (170 kDa) as the major substrate phosphorylated in response to insulin or IGF-I. These substrates had phosphopeptides of the same size when analyzed by digestion with Staphylococcus aureus V8 protease, and each tightly associated with the 85-kDa component of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase after factor stimulation. IRS-1, the principal substrate phosphorylated in response to insulin or IGF-I stimulation in nonhematopoietic cells, is similar in size to 4PS. However, anti-IRS-1 antibodies failed to efficiently precipitate 4PS, and some phosphopeptides generated by V8 protease digestion of IRS-1 were distinct in size from the phosphopeptides of 4PS. Nevertheless, IL-4, insulin, and IGF-I were capable of stimulating tyrosine phosphorylation of IRS-1 in FDC cells that expressed this substrate as a result of transfection. These findings indicate that (i) IL-4, insulin, and IGF-I use signal transduction pathways in FDC lines that have at least one major feature in common, the rapid tyrosine phosphorylation of 4PS, and (ii) insulin and IGF-I stimulation of hematopoietic cell lines leads to the phosphorylation of a substrate that may be related to but is not identical to IRS-1.

Topic: Growth Hormone and Insulin-like Growth Factors
Subfield: Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
The Usage Of Modern Educational Internet Resources In Teaching Process

Information support of the modern educational space should be at a level that would allow the teacher to solve all the educational tasks facing him quickly and effectively. Information technology allows you to find a solution (or set of solutions) for a particular pedagogical situation. This list can be modified and expanded by the teacher in accordance with the specifics of teaching activities.

Topic: Innovative Educational Technologies
Subfield: Information Systems
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Adenosine as a Modulator of Brain Activity

The endogenous neuromodulator adenosine controls and integrates a wide range of brain functions. Consequently, dysfunction of the adenosine system is involved in pathologies ranging from epilepsy to neurodegenerative disorders and psychiatric conditions. The adenosine system has therefore been recognized as a prime target for the development of new therapeutics for neurological diseases. This review covers the upstream and downstream targets of adenosinergic neurotransmission and provides the neurochemical rationale for the development of adenosine receptor modulating drugs (downstream) and inhibitors of adenosine kinase, the key upstream regulator of ambient levels of adenosine. Due to the unique role of adenosine to integrate and fine-tune glutamatergic and dopaminergic neurotransmission, adenosine-regulating agents have the potential to modify a wide range of downstream effects. Thus, adenosine-based therapies are rapidly evolving in preclinical and clinical studies.

Topic: Adenosine and Purinergic Signaling
Subfield: Physiology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Prepositions from the Perspective of Cognitive Study

Prepositions as function words, plays very important role in English. Prepositions are deemed as very difficult items both in English learning and teaching, because the senses of them are quite complex and abundant and the usage and collocation of them are quite flexible and complex. According to the English corpus statistics, there is a preposition in every eight word in any English text. In American English Brown Corpus, 12.21% of the word is a preposition; in its corresponding LOB corpus of British English, there are 12.34% of the word is preposition. Thus, the preposition plays an indispensable role in the English vocabulary. At the same time, prepositions research plays an important role in cognitive linguistics.

Topic: Second Language Acquisition and Learning
Subfield: Developmental and Educational Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Fine Mapping of qTGW7b, a Minor Effect QTL for Grain Weight in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)

Grain weight is a key trait that determines rice quality and yield, and it is primarily controlled by quantitative trait loci (QTL). Recently, attention has been paid to minor QTLs. A minor effect QTL qTGW7 that controls grain weight was previously identified in a set of chromosomal fragment substitution lines (CSSLs) derived from Nipponbare (NPB)/93-11. Compared to NPB, the single segment substitution line (SSSL) N83 carrying the qTGW7 introgression exhibited an increase in grain length and width and a 4.5% increase in grain weight. Meanwhile, N83 was backcrossed to NPB to create a separating population, qTGW7b, a QTL distinct from qTGW7, which was detected between markers G31 and G32. Twelve near-isogenic lines (NILs) from the BC9F3 population and progeny of five NILs from the BC9F3:4 population were genotyped and phenotyped, resulting in the fine mapping of the minor effect QTL qTGW7b to the approximately 86.2-kb region between markers G72 and G32. Further sequence comparisons and expression analysis confirmed that five genes, including Os07g39370, Os07g39430, Os07g39440, Os07g39450, and Os07g39480, were considered as the candidate genes underlying qTGW7b. These results provide a crucial foundation for further cloning of qTGW7b and molecular breeding design in rice.

Topic: Genetic Mapping and Diversity in Plants and Animals
Subfield: Genetics
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Evaluation and Selection of Supplier Based on Improved Grey Relation Analysis

In the supply chain management, main manufactures attach increasing importance to their partnerships' effect. In order to select partnerships properly, certain attributes of the partnerships should be carefully analysis. Supplier selection is a multi criteria problem which multi attributions of the suppliers should be considered in SCM (supply chain management). A grey relation analysis was proposed, so as to make up for the inconsistent judgments. In order to avoid objective influencing factors, the weight was determined by using distance analysis method. A practical case study illustrates its efficiency and effectiveness.

Topic: Evaluation and Optimization Models
Subfield: Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Raman Spectroscopy on Single-Molecule Junctions

Transport of electrons in single-molecule junctions is a fundamental process in the general field of molecular electronics. In our studies, we present a novel method for optically studying single-molecule junctions with a home-made molecular junction spectroscopy (MJS) set-up. The near-field Raman spectrum of single conducting molecular units could be recorded with this set-up. The electron-phonon interaction in the current-driven single-molecule junction was studied, and a molecule switching its conformation in the junction is presented.

Topic: Molecular Junctions and Nanostructures
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Carbonates and Intermediate-Depth Seismicity: Stable and Unstable Shear in Altered Subducting Plates and Overlying Mantle

Prakash et al (2023) - "Carbonates and Intermediate-Depth Seismicity: Stable and Unstable Shear in Altered Subducting Plates and Overlying Mantle" This repository contains:<br> -data exported from shear heating instability model shown in figures 2, 3, 4, S4, S5, and S6<br> -matlab code used to plot figures For further information, please contact Abhishek Prakash (abhishek.prakash@tamu.edu).

Topic: Geological Studies and Exploration
Subfield: Geology
Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences
Domain: Physical Sciences
On integrability of Weingarten surfaces: a forgotten class

Rediscovered by a systematic search, a forgotten class of integrable surfaces is shown to disprove the Finkel-Wu conjecture. The associated integrable nonlinear partial differential equation $$ z_{yy} + (1/z)_{xx} + 2 = 0 $$ possesses a zero curvature representation, a third-order symmetry, and a nonlocal transformation to the sine-Gordon equation $\phi_{\xi\eta} = \sin\phi$. We leave open the problem of finding a Backlund autotransformation and a recursion operator that would produce a local hierarchy.

Topic: Nonlinear Waves and Solitons
Subfield: Statistical and Nonlinear Physics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Design of Dual-Band Pass Polarization Insensitive and Transparent Frequency Selective Surface for Wireless Applications

This article proposes a novel, compact, transparent Frequency Selective Surface (FSS) geometry with dual-band pass characteristics for wireless applications. The proposed design consists of multiple concentric rings. The lower S-band dual-band response has been generated with the help of top and bottom mirror geometry. The proposed structure has a size of 14 × 14 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> and provides dual-band responses at 3.0 GHz and 3.87 GHz. The first band response is from 2.85 − 3.18 GHz, the second band response is from 3.84−3.99 GHz, and the stop-band, appears from 3.8−3.96 GHz. The proposed geometry is designed in such a way that the responses can be shifted by controlling a single parameter. Further, the proposed geometry is polarization insensitive. The proposed transparent compact FSS is applicable for various S-band dual-band pass wireless applications.

Topic: Advanced Antenna and Metasurface Technologies
Subfield: Aerospace Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Reinvigorate Apprenticeships in America to Expand Good Jobs and Reduce Inequality

Inequality of income dominates the political discourse. But America has put most of its eggs in one basket to remedy the problem: more formal traditional education, of course. This economist argues that the approach is not as successful as advocates thought it would be. He concludes that a much more aggressive system of apprenticeships is the answer to better jobs and reduced inequality in America.

Topic: Labor market dynamics and wage inequality
Subfield: Economics and Econometrics
Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance
Domain: Social Sciences
Immunohistochemical Localization of Calcitonin Receptor in Mouse Tibiae.

We have raised specific antisera against the extracellular domain of the rat/mouse calcitonin receptor (CTR), consequently immunolocalizing the CTR-positive cells in mouse tibiae. As expected, the immunoreactivity for the CTR was intensely detected in cells identical to tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) positive multinucleated osteoclasts and mononuclear cells, whereas no immunoreactivity was detected in osteoblasts and bone marrow cells. Most osteoclasts on the bone surface possessed the CTR, therefore indicating that bone resorbing osteoclasts could be prompted to respond to endogenous calcitonin. Immuno-electron microscopy revealed CTR-immunoreactivity mainly on the plasma membranes including the pits associated with the cell membranes, and sometimes on intracellular translucent vacuoles and in the vesicles in the vicinity of the Golgi apparatus in the osteoclasts. These results lead to the postulation that CTR is chiefly localized to the cell surface of osteoclast, but is subjected to continuous internalization followed by the receptor-transport to the Golgi apparatus.

Topic: Bone Metabolism and Diseases
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
γ Aminobutyric Acid (GABA): A Key Player in Alleviating Abiotic Stress Resistance in Horticultural Crops: Current Insights and Future Directions

Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is a non-protein amino acid known for its role in the nervous system of animals. However, research has also revealed its presence and function in plants recently. In plants, GABA is a signal molecule involved in multiple physiological processes, including stress response, growth, and development. This review aims to present a thorough summary of the current knowledge regarding the role of GABA in plants. We begin by discussing the biosynthesis and transport of GABA in plants, followed by a detailed examination of its signaling mechanisms. Additionally, we explore GABA's potential roles in various plant physiological processes, such as abiotic stress response, and its potential application in horticultural plants. Finally, we highlight current challenges and future directions for research in this area. Overall, this review offers a comprehensive understanding of the significance of GABA in plants and its potential implications for plant physiology and crop improvement.

Topic: GABA and Rice Research
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
McGill paleoclimate model ice sheet sensitiivity to ice flow rate and discharge parameters

Sensitivity studies of the ice sheet model and forcing in the McGill Paleoclimate Model (MPM) are presented. The MPM is a five component (atmosphere, ocean, sea ice, land surface, ice sheet) sectorially averaged Earth system Model of Intermediate Complexity (EMIC).

Topic: Geology and Paleoclimatology Research
Subfield: Atmospheric Science
Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences
Domain: Physical Sciences
Beverage‐specific situational norms: Evidence from the Dutch electronic appropriate beverage task

Abstract Introduction and Aims By the time young adolescents initiate alcohol consumption they have firmly established attitudes, expectations and beliefs about alcohol and its effects. To further unravel the origins of this knowledge in childhood, we aim to address Dutch children's knowledge of the types of alcoholic beverages adults typically consume in certain situational contexts (i.e. their knowledge of beverage‐specific situational norms). Design and Methods A total of 329 children (4–8 years old) completed the Dutch electronic Appropriate Beverage Task at three‐time points (2015, 2016, 2017). Three‐level regression models were estimated examining whether children's beverage‐specific situational norms depend on the gender of the person displayed in the task, sex of the participant and whether there were any beverage‐specific changes over time. Results Beverage‐specific findings seem to be robust across the appropriateness of the situation. Beer was the most frequently attributed alcoholic beverage overall and across the common drinking situations. White wine was attributed significantly more to females in the task. Beer, red wine and champagne were attributed significantly more to males. Attributions of individual alcoholic beverages did not change significantly over time. There were no significant differences between the participating boys and girls. Discussion and Conclusions Results suggest that 4–8‐year olds are yet to form knowledge of beverage‐specific situational norms. Independent of the situation, time and participants' sex, the gender of the person displayed in the task seemed to be more salient to children than situational or environmental indicators in determining consumption.

Topic: Behavioral Health and Interventions
Subfield: Applied Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Series expansions of rotating two and three dimensional sound fields

The cylindrical and spherical harmonic expansions of oscillating sound fields rotating at a constant rate are derived. These expansions are a generalized form of the stationary sound field expansions. The derivations are based on the representation of interior and exterior sound fields using the simple source approach and determination of the simple source solutions with uniform rotation. Numerical simulations of rotating sound fields are presented to verify the theory.

Topic: Aerodynamics and Acoustics in Jet Flows
Subfield: Aerospace Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Application of Pyrimidine and Pyridine Derivatives for Regulation of Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) Growth

The effect of new synthetic pyrimidine derivatives on the growth and development of the chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) variety Mexican was studied.The growth-regulating activity of pyrimidine derivatives was compared with the activity of phytohormones auxins, derivatives of 1H-indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and 1-naphthylacetic acid (NAA), as well as plant growth regulators, derivatives of sodium and potassium salts of 6-methyl-2-mercapto-4- hydroxypyrimidine (Methyur and Kamethur), N-oxide2,6-dimethylpyridine (Ivin).The most biologically active synthetic compounds among pyrimidine derivatives were selected, which showed auxin-like, Ivin-like, Methyurlike and Kamethur-like regulatory effects on the growth and development of the shoot and root of chickpea plants. An analysis of the relationship between biological activity and the chemical structure of synthetic pyrimidine derivatives was conducted.Toimprove the growth and development of the chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) variety Mexican, the application of selected synthetic pyrimidine derivatives, as well as plant growth regulators Methyur, Kamethur and Ivin is proposed.

Topic: Legume Nitrogen Fixing Symbiosis
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences