jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Design of a near‐optimal adaptive filter in digital signal processor for active noise control

Abstract Adaptive filter has been applied in adaptive feedback and feedforward control systems, where the filter dimension is often determined by trial‐and‐error. The controller design based on a near‐optimal adaptive filter in digital signal processor (DSP) is developed in this paper for real‐time applications. The design integrates the adaptive filter and the experimental design such that their advantages in stability and robustness can be combined. The near‐optimal set of controller parameters, including the sampling rate, the dimension of system identification model, the dimension (order) of adaptive controller in the form of an FIR filter, and the convergence rate of adaptation is shown to achieve the best possible system performance. In addition, the sensitivity of each design parameter can be determined by analysis of means and analysis of variance. Effectiveness of the adaptive controller on a DSP is validated by an active noise control experiment. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.

Topic: Advanced Adaptive Filtering Techniques
Subfield: Computational Mechanics
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Impact of Oral Immunonutrition on Postoperative Morbidity in Digestive Oncologic Surgery

Objective: The objective of the present study was to assess the effect of preoperative immunonutrition on a nationwide scale. Background: According to international guidelines, immunonutrition should be prescribed before major oncologic digestive surgery to decrease postoperative morbidity. Nevertheless, this practice remains controversial. Methods: We used a prospective national health database named “Echantillon généraliste des Bénéficiaires.” Patients were selected with ICD10 codes of cancer and digestive surgery procedures from 2012 to 2016. Two groups were identified: with reimbursement of immunonutrition 45 days before surgery (IN-group) or not (no-IN-group). Primary outcome was 90-day severe morbidity. Secondary outcomes were postoperative length of stay (LOS) and overall survival. Logistic regression and survival analysis adjusted with IPW method were performed. Results: One thousand seven hundred seventy-one patients were included. The proportion of different cancers was as follows: 72% patients were included in the colorectal group, 14% in the hepato-pancreato-biliary group, and 12% in the upper gastrointestinal group. Patients from the IN-group (n = 606, 34%) were younger (67.1 ± 11.8 vs 69.2 ± 12.2 years, P &lt; 0.001), with increased use of other oral nutritional supplements (49.5% vs 31.8%, P &lt; 0.001) and had more digestive anastomoses (89.4% vs 83.0%, P &lt; 0.001). There was no significant difference between the 2 groups for 90-day severe morbidity [odds ratio (OR): 0.91, 95% confidence interval (95% CI): 0.73–1.14] or in survival (hazard ratio: 0.89, 95% CI: 0.73–1.08). LOS were shorter in the IN-group [−1.26 days, 95% CI: −2.40 to −0.10)]. Conclusion: The preoperative use of immunonutrition before major oncologic digestive surgery was not associated with any significant difference in morbidity or mortality. However, the LOS was significantly shorter in the IN-group.

Topic: Nutrition and Health in Aging
Subfield: Physiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
ON THE HISTOLOGY OF ASBESTOSIS

Cell-mediated immune reactions occurring in liver diseases involve infiltration of inflammatory cells into the hepatic parenchyma. Almost nothing is known about cellular and molecular mechanisms regulating this leukocyte traffic during the afferent and efferent arms of the hepatic immune response. This overview emphasizes that various liver parenchymal cells appear to participate actively in the development of the inflammatory response.

Topic: Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment
Subfield: Epidemiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
CEGAR-based EF synthesis of Boolean functions with an application to circuit rectification

The Exists-Forall (EF) synthesis problem deals with finding parameters such that for all input assignments a correctness specification is met. Many standard problems from computer-aided design and verification can be formulated as an instance of EF synthesis when a function template with holes — parameters to be synthesized — is provided. In this paper, we generalize the idea of EF synthesis in the context of Boolean logic by allowing existential quantification over the domain of Boolean functions (rather than Boolean variables) and present a bounded synthesis approach guided by counterexamples to generate them using techniques from Boolean learning. As an application, we present circuit rectification as an EF synthesis problem and apply the presented approach to incrementally synthesize patches for digital circuits with multiple seeded faults.

Topic: Formal Methods in Verification
Subfield: Computational Theory and Mathematics
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Additional file 8: Table S8. of Insights from the genome of Ophiocordyceps polyrhachis-furcata to pathogenicity and host specificity in insect fungi

The number of bacterial-like toxins identified in O. polyrhachis-furcata compared with other entomopathogenic fungi. (XLSX 15 kb)

Topic: Fungal Biology and Applications
Subfield: Pharmacology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Helping Plants Fight Back Against Pests and Diseases

Feeding the world’s growing population is a huge task, made even more challenging by pests and diseases that threaten crops. For years, pesticides and other chemical treatments have been the common solution, but these chemicals can be dangerous for the environment, and they have been used so much that many of them no longer work well. The world needs a better solution. Fortunately, plants have natural defenses against pests and diseases. Through a process called induced resistance (IR), plants can “ramp up” these defenses, making them stronger in the face of multiple threats. Researchers are exploring ways to activate IR in healthy plants to protect them against future dangers. This fascinating strategy could help to reduce pesticide use—a win-win situation for both farmers and the environment! In this article, we will explain the natural defenses of plants, describe why IR might be a great way to protect crops, and discuss the scientific challenges still to be faced on the path to sustainable farming.

Topic: Plant-Microbe Interactions and Immunity
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of New Heterocyclic System: 1(5)H‐1,5‐Diazacycl[3.3.2]azine‐2,4‐dione (VII).

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.

Topic: Synthesis and Biological Evaluation
Subfield: Organic Chemistry
Field: Chemistry
Domain: Physical Sciences
Commentary on “Stepping Activity in Children With Congenital Myotonic Dystrophy”

“How should I apply this information?” Supporting children with neuromuscular disease to achieve adequate physical activity is a key component of physical therapy (PT) intervention and plays a vital role in their health and wellness. Children with congenital myotonic dystrophy (CDM) appear particularly prone to inactivity, even compared with children with other neuromuscular conditions. Of interest, activity in this sample was not correlated with performance on motor assessments, suggesting other factors (eg, cognition, nutrition, parent activity modeling, screen time, and cardiac health) might contribute to inactivity. Ongoing screening and coordination with the multidisciplinary team may be needed to address barriers to activity. Age, body mass index (BMI), and lean body mass were negatively correlated with activity, indicating that intervention may be more critical, as children with CDM grow and age. The variable most strongly correlated with activity was cytosine-thymine-guanine (CTG) repeat length, highlighting the importance of understanding each patient's genetic profile when assessing risk for inactivity and recommending exercise. “What should I be mindful about when applying this information?” As with many studies involving rare diseases, these findings are correlational (rather than experimental), and are based on a small sample size across a wide age range (3 and 13 years), over a relatively short period, making cautious interpretation important. Effect sizes for the correlations between activity and age/BMI are medium and, particularly for BMI, potentially influenced by outliers. BMI in children is confounded by age, which may not have been accounted for in the activity-BMI correlational analysis and should be in future studies assessing the relationships among these variables. This study does not account for variation in season, use of mobility devices, cognitive function, the effect of parent activity modeling, or limitations of step monitors in capturing other types of physical activity (ie, swimming or upper extremity activities). Therefore, additional studies exploring predictors of activity in patients with CDM are needed to inform PT clinical decision-making related to exercise. Michael J. Kiefer, PT, DPT Department of Pediatrics, University of Massachusetts Medical School Worcester, Massachusetts Elise L. Townsend, PT, DPT, PhD, PCS School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, MGH Institute of Health Professions Boston, Massachusetts

Topic: Genetic Neurodegenerative Diseases
Subfield: Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences
Lipidomic analyses reveal distinctive variations in homeoviscous adaptation among clinical strains of <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i> , providing insights from an environmental adaptation perspective

ABSTRACT Acinetobacter baumannii is known for its antibiotic resistance and is increasingly found outside of healthcare settings. To survive colder temperatures, bacteria, including A. baumannii , adapt by modifying glycerophospholipids (GPL) to maintain membrane flexibility. This study examines the lipid composition of six clinical A. baumannii strains, including the virulent AB5075, at two temperatures. At 18°C, five strains consistently show an increase in palmitoleic acid (C16:1), while ABVal2 uniquely shows an increase in oleic acid (C18:1). LC-HRMS2 analysis identifies shifts in GPL and glycerolipid composition between 18°C and 37°C, highlighting variations in phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) and phosphatidylglycerol (PG) lipids. ABVal2 shows increased PE with C18:1 and C16:1 at 18°C, but no change in PG, in contrast to other strains that show increased PE and PG with C16:1. Notably, although A. baumannii typically lacks FabA, a key enzyme for unsaturated fatty acid synthesis, this enzyme was found in both ABVal2 and ABVal3. In addition, ABVal2 contains five candidate desaturases that may contribute to its lipid profile. The study also reveals variations in strain motility and biofilm formation over temperature. These findings enhance our understanding of A. baumann ii’s physiological adaptations, survival strategies and ecological fitness in different environments. IMPORTANCE Acinetobacter baumannii , a bacterium known for its resistance to antibiotics, is a concern in healthcare settings. This study focused on understanding how this bacterium adapts to different temperatures and how its lipid composition changes. Lipids are the building blocks of cell membranes. By studying these changes, scientists can gain insights into how the bacterium survives and behaves in various environments. This understanding improves our understanding of its global dissemination capabilities. The results of the study contribute to our broader understanding of how Acinetobacter baumannii works, which is important for developing strategies to combat its impact on patient health.

Topic: Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria
Subfield: Molecular Medicine
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Changes in Gut Microbiota According to Disease Severity in a Lupus Mouse Model

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a multifaceted autoimmune disease driven by immune dysregulation. This study investigated the relationship between gut microbiota and lupus severity using the MRL/lpr lupus mouse model. Mice were grouped based on total immunoglobulin (Ig)G, IgG2a levels, and urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR), allowing for the comparison of gut microbiota profiles across different disease severities. Interestingly, severe lupus mice exhibited significant reductions in Ruminiclostridium cellulolyticum, Lactobacillus johnsonii, and Kineothrix alysoides, while Clostridium saudiense, Pseudoflavonifractor phocaeensis, and Intestinimonas butyriciproducens were enriched. These microbial shifts correlated with elevated IgG, IgG2a, and ACR levels, indicating that changes in the gut microbiome may directly influence key immunological markers associated with lupus severity. The depletion of beneficial species and the enrichment of potentially pathogenic bacteria appear to contribute to immune activation and disease progression. This study suggests that gut microbiota dysbiosis plays a critical role in exacerbating lupus by modulating immune responses, reinforcing the link between microbial composition and lupus pathogenesis. Our findings provide the first evidence identifying these distinct gut microbial species as potential contributors to lupus severity, highlighting their role as key factors in disease progression.

Topic: Gut microbiota and health
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Deep Residual Network for Sound Source Localization in the Time Domain

This study presents a system for sound source localization in time domain using a deep residual neural network. Data from the linear 8 channel microphone array with 3 cm spacing is used by the network for direction estimation. We propose to use the deep residual network for sound source localization considering the localization task as a classification task. This study describes the gathered dataset and developed architecture of the neural network. We will show the training process and its result in this study. The developed system was tested on validation part of the dataset and on new data capture in real time. The accuracy classification of 30 m sec sound frames is 99.2%. The standard deviation of sound source localization is 4°. The proposed method of sound source localization was tested inside of speech recognition pipeline. Its usage decreased word error rate by 1.14% in comparison with similar speech recognition pipeline using GCC-PHAT sound source localization.

Topic: Speech and Audio Processing
Subfield: Signal Processing
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Introducing autonomy in internet of things

Internet of Things (IoT) is playing a major role in extending the reach of the existing&#13;\ncommunication systems to include resource constrained devices. Many exciting research works for IoT have&#13;\nbeen proposed for management of such devices such that human intervention is minimized. This is a challenge&#13;\ndue to the high heterogeneity, high complexity of the devices and the lack of dynamic management&#13;\nschemes.Here, we introduce the paradigm of autonomic computing to be used for such dynamic yet secure&#13;\nmanagement in IoT. The adoption of the autonomy in IoT architecture can prove to be a valuable addition to&#13;\nIoT systems.

Topic: IoT and Edge/Fog Computing
Subfield: Computer Networks and Communications
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Inhibiting effects of all-trans retinoic acid on a model implanted in the pleural cavity of nude mice

Objective:To establish a metastatic model of human non-small cell lung carcinoma(NSCLC)and investigate the influence of treated all-trans retinoic acid(ATRA)about growth and metastasis on the metastasis model of lung caner;to explore activity of MMP-2,9 in the serum of nude mice and the possible effect on the activity of MMP-2,9 after treatment of ATRA.Methods:The metastasis model of lung cancer was established by injection of non-small cell lung carcinoma line H460 cells into the right pleural space of nude mice,and ATRA was given to the animals after establishing the metastasis model of lung cancer.Results:After injection of H460 cells,all animals developed lung tumors.The tumors spread locally to contiguous pleural and distant abdominal organs,with histological characteristics consistent with the human pathology.The weight of the pleural tumor masses decreased with ATRA compare to control(0.43±0.12 vs 0.96±0.18,P 0.05).Compare to hepatic metastasis in control,there was significant decrease(0.08±0.28 vs 4.67±4.47,P0.05)in mean number of metastasis foci with ATRA,and the incidence decreased sharply(8% vs 58 %,P0.05)for treated animals.The incidence of pancreatic tumor which were presented in 75% of control animals in only 25% of treated rats while the the median number of pancreatic metastases dropped from 9.00±7.68 to 0.67±1.50(P0.05).The mean number of retroperitonea metastasis decreased with ATRA(6.42±4.33 vs 23.00±8.75,P0.05),but the incidence was not significant(83% vs 100%,P0.05).The activity of MMP-2,9 in models was higher than the nomal,but decreased in treatment of ATRA.Conclusion:ATRA can inhibit the growth and metastasis of metastasis model of lung cancer.MMP-2,9 may be a useful molecule marker in the diagnosis and response to treatment.

Topic: RNA modifications and cancer
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Principal component coding of mouth sequences

Facial features of a videophone image sequence are coded using the traditional technique of principal components (PCs). One of the main advantages of this method is that it makes use of a large a priori knowledge of the images and exploits the correlation between pixel values. The sequences are coded through a hybrid wire frame model in which the head and shoulder images are coded using a small number of bits. A box is placed around the mouth and eye regions which are coded at a higher bit rate using PCs. Since the image sequence is similar in its overall configuration, this scheme gives a very high compression ratio of around 500:1.< <ETX>&gt;</ETX>

Topic: Linguistics and Cultural Studies
Subfield: Language and Linguistics
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Stenosis in laparoscopic gastric bypass: management by endoscopic dilation without fluoroscopic guidance Estenosis tras derivación gástrica laparoscópica: tratamiento mediante dilataciones endoscópicas sin control radiológico

Objectives: gastric bypass is the surgical procedure that is carried out most frequently in the treatment of morbid obesity. Stenosis of the gastro-jejunal anastomosis is a relatively frequent complication that requires endoscopic management. However, the optimal dilation technique is yet to be determined. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of dilation with a hydrostatic balloon (CRE) without radioscopic guidance in morbidly obese patients treated by laparoscopic bypass. Material and methods: retrospective review of the data elicited from 525 patients treated against morbid obesity with laparoscopic gastric bypass from January, 2006 to November, 2010. Results: a total of 22/525 patients (4.1%) developed stenosis of the anastomosis [20 women (91%), 2 men (9%)]. In four patients (18.2%), there was an associated anastomotic ulcer, and in one case, there was a history of bleeding of an ulcer treated with sclerosis one month earlier. The diagnosis of stenosis was done in most patients during the first 90 days after the bypass. All cases were resolved by means of endoscopic dilation without radioscopic guidance, 15 cases (68.1%) required a single session, 6 cases (27.2%) two sessions, and 1 case (4.5%) required four sessions. This last case had an associated anastomotic ulcer. The diameter of the balloons ranged from 12 to 20 mm, generally using diameters of 12-15 mm in the first session, and increasing them in the following sessions according to the previous result. One patient treated with a 20 mm balloon presented with a small tear, without showing any evidence of leak of contrast medium in the radioscopic guidance, and was thus managed conservatively. In the follow-up, no re-stenoses were detected. Conclusions: in our experience, stenosis of the anastomosis in the laparoscopic gastric bypass is an infrequent complication. When it happens, dilation with a hydrostatic balloon is an effective and safe treatment. Radioscopic guidance during dilation is not strictly necessary if norms of progressive dilation are followed.

Topic: Bariatric Surgery and Outcomes
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Food, drink and ritualised communication in the household of Eleanor de Montfort, February to August 1265

This article investigates the use of feasts and gifts of food in the household of Eleanor de Montfort between February and August 1265. In his influential The dangers of ritual, Philippe Buc argued, through a study of early medieval chronicles, that rituals in medieval Europe were regularly targets for disruption and aggressive manipulation either in practice or in the texts reporting the rituals. This article tests Buc's thesis against administrative records from thirteenth-century England. The evidence from Eleanor's household accounts is illuminated through a study of contemporary literary sources and didactic texts. It concludes that the administrative records indicate that rituals in practice were less habitually the subject of manipulation and conflict than the literary evidence indicates.

Topic: Medieval Literature and History
Subfield: Classics
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Study on Position Setting and Career Path in Recruitment of Commercial Management

To improve the position setting and career path in recruitment of commercial management, we’d like to keep steps with condition in the American company management. This paper revealed that recruitment in company should focus on the value of career path, while it also depicted that position requirements is able to show importance in commercial management. In the other hand, it is necessary that career path in recruitment of commercial management also valued much.

Topic: Human Resource and Talent Management
Subfield: Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management
Field: Business, Management and Accounting
Domain: Social Sciences