jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
The role of telomeres and telomerase complex in haematological neoplasia: the length of telomeres as a marker of carcinogenesis and prognosis of disease.

Human telomeres (discovery of telomere structure and function has been recently awarded The Nobel Prize) consist of approximately 5-12 kb of tandem repeated sequences (TTAGGG)n and associated proteins capping chromosome ends which prevent degradation, loss of genetic information, end-to-end fusion, senescence and apoptosis. Due to the end-replication problem, telomere repeats are lost with each cell division, eventually leading to genetic instability and cellular senescence when telomeres become critically short. Stabilization of the telomeric DNA through telomerase activation, unique reverse transcriptase, or activation of the alternative mechanism of telomere maintenance is essential if the cells are to survive and proliferate indefinitely. Telomerase is expressed during early development and remains fully active in specific germline cells, but is undetectable in most normal somatic cells. High level of telomerase activity is detected in almost 90% of human tumours and immortalized cell lines. The hematopoietic compartment may develop genetic instability as a consequence of telomere erosion, resulting in aplastic anaemia (AA) and increased risk of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and acute myeloid leukaemia (AML). Genetic instability associated with telomere dysfunction (i.e. short telomeres) is an early event in carcinogenesis. The molecular cytogenetic method telomere/centromere fluorescence in situ hybridization (T/C-FISH) can be used to characterize the telomere length of hematopoietic cells. This review describes recent advances in the molecular characterization of telomere system, the regulation of telomerase activity in cancer pathogenesis and shows that the telomeric length could be a potential clinical marker of hematologic neoplasia and prognosis of disease.

Topic: Telomeres, Telomerase, and Senescence
Subfield: Physiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Social and cultural factors perpetuating early marriage in rural Gambia: an exploratory mixed methods study

The dataset deposited here is part of a larger study that was conducted to determine the factors that either perpetuate or lead to a decline in early marriage in 24 rural communities in Lower Baddibu District in the North Bank of the Gambia.

Topic: Global Maternal and Child Health
Subfield: Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Efficient Hierarchical Markov Random Fields for Object Detection on a Mobile Robot

Object detection and classification using video is necessary for intelligent planning and navigation on a mobile robot. However, current methods can be too slow or not sufficient for distinguishing multiple classes. Techniques that rely on binary (foreground/background) labels incorrectly identify areas with multiple overlapping objects as single segment. We propose two Hierarchical Markov Random Field models in efforts to distinguish connected objects using tiered, binary label sets. Near-realtime performance has been achieved using efficient optimization methods which runs up to 11 frames per second on a dual core 2.2 Ghz processor. Evaluation of both models is done using footage taken from a robot obstacle course at the 2010 Intelligent Ground Vehicle Competition.

Topic: Robotics and Sensor-Based Localization
Subfield: Aerospace Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Bases of the adaptive system of fodder production for dairy cattle

Analysis of Russian agricultural complex development shows increasing the production of such food products as meat of poultry, pork and eggs, however the deficiency on population providing by milk and milk products is remaining: about 15%. To raise the production volumes and to ensure food independence it is necessary to improve feed base and the firstly, to prepare qualitative bulk and concentrated feeds for highly productive dairy cattle. The scientific researchers of Federal Williams Research Center of Forage Production &amp; Agroecology have developed the scientific-proved adaptive system of fodder production for dairy farming in the different regions of our country. It includes: species and varietal forage crops zoning due their technological and adaptable properties; optimization of field seed rotation structure with increasing the share of perennial legumes grasses; using of resource-saving technologies of feed production; the control of feed quality on the every step — from the field to the animal feeder. The requirements to feed quality, nutritional value and safety are raising with increase the dairy cattle productivity. These parameters are regulated by the system of state standardization. On the current moment 33 state standards on bulk feeds and feed grain were development by the technical committee on fodder production at Williams Research Center. These feeds must be 1 and 2 quality classes with energy value 9.5–10.0 MJ of metabolic energy and not less than 15% of crude protein content. Implementation of the adaptive system of fodder production in our country will assist to increase qualitative bulk feeds preparation to 85% of its total production volume, to provide competitiveness and profitability the dairy industry.

Topic: Food Industry and Aquatic Biology
Subfield: Food Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Factors shaping spectators’ consumption patterns: controversial arisings from an international sport tourism event

Purpose Sport events’ contribution to the destinations’ local economy implies in-depth knowledge of the economic benefits generated by non-resident spectators (NRS). Thus, this study aims to answer: What is the profile and shaping factors of the consumption patterns of the several types of NRS in international surf tourism events? Design/methodology/approach A total of 263 questionnaires applied to the NRS of an international surf event were collected and analysed. The identification of the NRS profile and the predictive factors of their total expenditure were performed through the correlation of factors and multiple linear regression, respectively. Findings Mostly, the event attracted generation Y NRS, with a high level of education and regular sport practice. The results showed differences among the NRS: the “casuals” included more women than men; the “extensioners” integrated the NRS whose surfing practice is higher; the “event visitors”/”time switchers” mostly integrated the domestic tourism flows; the “casuals” and “extensioners” spent the most at the destination, and those whose intention to recommend/revisit the destination, respectively, was higher; and the shaping factor that most influenced the increase in NRS expenditure was the overnight stay, added by older age, higher education level and foreign origin. Originality/value Regardless of the initial motivation that led to the trip to the destination, the results verified that the event’s attributes are capable of contributing to the recommendation/visitation of the destination. Consequently, the study of economic benefits (tangible and intangible) provided by sport events in destinations should be guided by an integrative analysis of NRS.

Topic: Sport and Mega-Event Impacts
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
A Case Manifesting Complex Partial Seizure Following Paroxysmal Kinesigenic Dyskinesia

我々は、8歳で発作性運動誘発性ジスキネジアを発症した26歳女性の長時間ビデオ脳波モニタリングを行った。その際、左右それぞれのジストニアが記録されたが、右側上肢のジストニアの場合にのみ、それに引き続く複雑部分発作を認めた。左側上肢のジストニアの場合には、それに引き続く複雑部分発作は認めなかった。頭部MRIでは左扁桃体腫大を認めており、右ジストニアを引き起こす左基底核発射がもともと腫大している左扁桃体にキンドリング現象を起こし、てんかんを発病させた可能性が考えられた。また、両発作に対しCBZが著効した。

Topic: Epilepsy research and treatment
Subfield: Psychiatry and Mental health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
A procedure for surveillance data-driven risk assessment to inform Campylobacter risk-based control

In this study is presented a procedure for surveillance data-driven risk assessment, which can be used to inform inter-sectorial Campylobacter risk-based control, e.g.within National Action Plans and One Health (OH) systems.Campylobacter surveillance data (2019 to 2022) and a published quantitative microbial risk assessment (QMRA) model were used, to show the procedure.Moreover, an interface tool was developed in Excel for showing descriptive statistics on measured apparent flock prevalence (AP) and concentrations (colony forming units per gram, cfu/g) on the meat, together with their related QMRA outputs.Currently (mid-2024), Danish fresh broiler meat is produced by four slaughterhouse companies (A, B, C and D), where approximately 30 % of the annually slaughtered broiler flocks are randomly culture tested, on one leg skin (LS) sample per flock sampled from chilled carcasses.Data variables were: date of sampling, farm-ID, within farm house-ID, flock-ID, slaughterhouse name, sample-ID, and Campylobacter concentrations.Flocks were classified as carcass positive with a concentration ≥ 10 cfu/g.The data was fed into the QMRA model to assess: a) the average risk of human campylobacteriosis per serving (during a month or year), and b) the monthly/annual risk of 2022 relative (RR) to the baseline (average) risk from the previous three years.The descriptive statistics and the risk assessment (RA) were carried out at national level and for each slaughterhouse.In 2022, the national RR was 1.03, implying that the average annual risk increased by approximately 3 % compared to the baseline.Nevertheless, for slaughterhouses A, B and D, the annual risk decreased by ≈ 22 %, 21 % and 43 %, respectively; whereas for slaughterhouse C it increased by 48 %.Monthly risk estimates showed seasonal variations, according to the visualized changes of AP and meat contaminations.The national monthly RR was >1 in July and from September to December.During those months: slaughterhouse C had always RR > 1, slaughterhouse A had a relative increase of risk in July, slaughterhouse B in July and November, and slaughterhouse D in October and December.The procedure and the tools used in this study, allow identifying the impact of seasonality and food-chain stages (i.e.slaughterhouses and their broilers sourcing farms) on the risk per serving, so that Campylobacter risk-based control could be implemented accordingly, from farm to fork, across consecutive surveillance periods.The same principles could be applied in other countries, food chains, and/or for other foodborne pathogens, when similar data and QMRA models are available.

Topic: Salmonella and Campylobacter epidemiology
Subfield: Food Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Design of Fixed-off-time Controlled PFC Pre-regulators with the L6562

Beside Transition Mode (TM) and fixed-Frequency Continuous Conduction Mode (FF-CCM) operation of PFC pre-regulators a third approach is proposed that couples the simplicity and affordability of TM operation with the high current capability of FF-CCM operation: it is a peak current-mode control with fixed-OFF-time. After showing advantages and limits of this technique, in both its basic and advanced implementation, design equations will be given and a practical design will be illustrated and evaluated.

Topic: Hermeneutics and Narrative Identity
Subfield: Philosophy
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Impact of Fish Guano and Abscisic Acid on Physiological Traits of Grain Amaranth (Amaranthus cruentus L.) under Moisture Stress

Field trials were conducted during the 2021 and 2022 at the Teaching and Research Farm of the Facultyof Agriculture Bayero University Kano (110 97′ 98.6′′N 80 42′03.7′′'E) and Research Farm of Aliko Dangote University of Science and Technology Wudil (11̊25′N 9̊E) to determine the impact of fish guano (FG) and abscisic acid (ABA) leaf area index (LAI), stomatal conductance(SC), photosynthetic active radiation (PAR) and relative water content (RWC) of grain amaranth under moisture stress conditions. Treatments consisted of moisture stress stages (vegetative, flowering and grain filling), FG (0, 0.1 and 0.2kg) and ABA concentrations (0, 20and 50 µmolL-1) and laid out in a split-plot design and replicated three times. Moisture stress was applied in the main plots, while FG and ABA treatments were applied in the subplots. Data was collected on LAI, SC, PAR and RWC and subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) using GENSTAT 17th edition software. Significant treatment means were separated using the Student Newman Keuls Test (SNK) at 5% probability level. In 2021 and 2022, the LAI and RWC of the plants at BUK and Wudil were significantly (p&lt;0.001) boosted by the application of 0.2 kg FG levels and 50 µmolL-1 ABA. In the 2021 season, plants experiencing moisture stress during flowering exhibited significantly (p&lt;0.05) higher RWC at BUK. Additionally, the application of 20 µmolL-1 ABA had a significant (p&lt;0.05) effect on stomatal conductance at BUK and Wudil in both seasons. The results of this study suggested that FG and ABA could be useful strategies for improving the performance and resilience of grain amaranth crops in the face of moisture stress.

Topic: Seed and Plant Biochemistry
Subfield: Food Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Sizing of atrial septal defects to predict successful closure with transcatheter cardioSEAL device.

We conducted this retrospective study to compare methods for measuring atrial septal defects and to identify factors affecting echocardiographic measurement of such defects before transcatheter closure with the CardioSEAL'Septal Occluder. We reviewed the records of patients considered for device placement at our institution from January 1997 to April 1999. Atrial septal defect size was measured by transthoracic and transesophageal echocardiography; the stretched diameter was measured during catheterization by fluoroscopy and transesophageal echocardiography. The stretched-diameter fluoroscopic measurement was used for device size selection. Analysis of variance was used to calculate the effect of size, age, and size-by-age interaction. Thirty-one patients (3.3 to 72 years of age) underwent transthoracic and transesophageal echocardiography One patient was excluded from catheterization because of a 25-mm septal defect as indicated by transesophageal echocardiography (our maximum diameter, 15 mm). Thirty patients underwent transcatheter stretched-diameter sizing; 5 were excluded from device implantation because of defects >20 mm by stretched-diameter fluoroscopy (4) or septal length insufficient for device support (1). Implantation was successful in 23/25 patients; 2/23 had a residual shunt. In patients with available results (26/30), the stretched diameter was the same whether measured by stretched-diameter fluoroscopy or transesophageal echocardiography (P=0.007 R square=0.963). Compared with stretched-diameter fluoroscopy, precatheterization transthoracic and transesophageal echocardiography underestimated defect size by a mean of 22% and 13.2%, respectively. When data from those same tests were compared in defects of < or =0 mm and > 10 mm, transthoracic and transesophageal echocardiography were reliable predictors (P=0.003 and P=0.05, respectively) of stretched-diameter size in defects < or =0 mm.

Topic: Cardiovascular and Diving-Related Complications
Subfield: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Objective Method of Assessing Facial Palsy by Automated Computer Video Recordings Using Artificial Neural Networks

Methods: Sixteen patients presenting with an acute onset facial palsy had standard facial movements video recorded at onset and these recordings repeated at intervals until recovery. The recordings were obtained without any facial markings or head fixation in a standard clinical consulting room using a domestic video recorder without any supplementary lighting. To allow comparison of serial video images, a computerized algorithm was used first to locate the edges of the face then to locate, in order, the pupils and the angles of the mouth and the nostrils. This information allowed calculation of a line between the center of each pupil. Using an iterative process the face was automatically rotated to the horizontal position. The same landmarks were then used to calculate the positions and dimensions of the four regions of interest in assessing movement: the forehead, the eyes, the nasiolabial fold, and the angles of the mouth. Only the pixel information from these four regions of interest on each side was analyzed and all other pixel information was discarded, thereby markedly reducing the computing time. Using image subtraction and optical flow technique the magnitude and direction of change of each pixel in each region of the face in the image at rest were compared with that in each image throughout each movement. The pixel displacements in each region on the palsy side were then compared with those on the normal side.

Topic: Facial Nerve Paralysis Treatment and Research
Subfield: Neurology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Basilar artery giant fusiform aneurysms caused by congenital defect of the internal elastic lamina and media.

Giant fusiform aneurysms of the basilar artery were found in a 6-year-old boy who subsequently died after rupture of the aneurysm, and in a 64-year-old man who showed signs of ischemia and compression of the brain stem. Autopsy disclosed strikingly similar abnormalities of the wall of the basilar artery, consisting of a defect of the internal elastic lamina and absence of the media. A congenital anomaly may play a role in the pathogenesis of this abnormality, in both young and some elderly patients.

Topic: Intracranial Aneurysms: Treatment and Complications
Subfield: Neurology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
More than RGB: Spectral Trends in Color Reproduction

Early rendering algorithms relied exclusively on three-dimensional spaces for color computation, such as RGB and CIE XYZ. Recent rendering advances use full spectral information for illuminants and surfaces, resulting in much greater accuracy and realism. These expensive computations can be wasted, however, if ad hoc methods are used to adjust the final image on the monitor, in film, or in print. Ineficiency and inaccuracy can be avoided with some knowledge of device gamuts and color reproduction algorithms. This course follows spectral data through the graphics pipeline, examining issues of rendering, color science, perception, gamut mapping, and color management. We conclude with a discussion of trends and open problems in managing spectral data for accurate color reproduction. Participants will learn not only the theoretical background of color and spectral reproduction, but practical guidelines often omitted in technical papers.

Topic: Color Science and Applications
Subfield: Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Association of Т174М polymorphism of the angiotensinogen gene with the higher risk of cerebral stroke in women

The association of AGT T174M polymorphism with the risk of CS was first found; but the higher risk of the disease in the carriers of variant alleles and genotypes was observed in the women only.

Topic: Renin-Angiotensin System Studies
Subfield: Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
The Effect of Electronic Supply Chain Management E-SCM on Customers’ Loyalty in Consumer Goods

This paper examines the effect of electronic supply chain management on customers’ loyalty in consumer goods. The basic model of this paper is based on the integration of the models by Costabile and Ndubizi in which its architecture is based on changing mental concept of electronic supply chain management into six independent variables cost, product, order, communications, delivery, and information sharing that effect through the variables of satisfaction and trust on loyalty variable. The studied population in the current paper is all the students studying management in the state universities and Azad universities in Tehran. The sampling method is two-stage cluster method. This research is a descriptive survey. According to the results of regression analysis between the satisfaction variable and electronic supply chain variables, it can be understood that the variables of delivery, information sharing and cost should be more considered, because they have a greater impact on customer loyalty index. Based on the results and non-extensibility of model to the types of provided product in electronic supply chain, it is suggested that practitioners in this field focus on the strategies of improving four processes of delivery, making awareness, managing costs and resolving conflict with customers based on increasing mutual trust and attention to the target population .

Topic: Customer Service Quality and Loyalty
Subfield: Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management
Field: Business, Management and Accounting
Domain: Social Sciences
Systolic array architecture implementation of parasitic-insensitive switched-capacitor filters

A systematic procedure is developed for implementing switched-capacitor filters in systolic array architecture. The most complete signal flow graphs that satisfy the conditions of a systolic array, and also the general first-and second-order transfer functions, are considered. A step-by-step reduction procedure is then developed for the second-order signal flow graphs that yield structures which can be implemented with a minimal amount of hardware in LSI/VLSI technology. Implementation of switched-capacitor filters using these reduced signal flow graphs is discussed. Some structures that are not strictly systolic are also considered for second-order filters. Generation of parasitic-insensitive second-order switched-capacitor filters using systolic array architecture are, however, treated in detail, both for biphase (two-phase) and for four-phase clocking schemes. Guidelines for minimising the total capacitance are given and the sensitivity characteristics are provided. Systolic array architecture realisation of a higher-order switched-capacitor filter is illustrated. Results obtained from a bandpass switched-capacitor filter, implemented on a VLSI workstation (SUN) supporting a 3 μm CMOS technology, are reported. Simulation results for a fourth-order filter realised using systolic array architecture are provided.

Topic: Microgrid Control and Optimization
Subfield: Control and Systems Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
FIGURES 29–31 in New European Lepidocyrtus Bourlet, 1839 (Collembola, Entomobryidae) with the first description of feeding-related dancing behaviour in Collembola

FIGURES 29–31. Lepidocyrtus chorus sp. nov. Schematic drawings of two types of dance. 29, 'grazing dance', clockwise direction of a single individual; 30, 'grazing dance', counter clockwise direction of a single individual; 31, 'walking dance', red line denotes a path of the head, black line denotes a path of the abd.VI. Black arrows indicate direction of the circular movement of abdomen. Schematic drawing of the species made by Iva Čupić. For more details see paragraph 'Dancing behavior' and recorded video.

Topic: Radiation Dose and Imaging
Subfield: Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences