jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Materials Data on Mg(CuO2)2 by Materials Project

MgCu2O4 is Spinel structured and crystallizes in the triclinic P-1 space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Mg2+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form MgO4 tetrahedra that share corners with twelve CuO6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 55–62°. There is one shorter (1.98 Å) and three longer (1.99 Å) Mg–O bond length. There are four inequivalent Cu3+ sites. In the first Cu3+ site, Cu3+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form CuO6 octahedra that share corners with six equivalent MgO4 tetrahedra and edges with six CuO6 octahedra. There are a spread of Cu–O bond distances ranging from 1.96–2.04 Å. In the second Cu3+ site, Cu3+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form CuO6 octahedra that share corners with six equivalent MgO4 tetrahedra and edges with six CuO6 octahedra. There are a spread of Cu–O bond distances ranging from 1.97–2.03 Å. In the third Cu3+ site, Cu3+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form CuO6 octahedra that share corners with six equivalent MgO4 tetrahedra and edges with six CuO6 octahedra. There are a spread of Cu–O bond distances ranging from 1.94–2.14 Å. In the fourth Cu3+ site, Cu3+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form CuO6 octahedra that share corners with six equivalent MgO4 tetrahedra and edges with six CuO6 octahedra. There are two shorter (2.00 Å) and four longer (2.02 Å) Cu–O bond lengths. There are four inequivalent O2- sites. In the first O2- site, O2- is bonded to one Mg2+ and three Cu3+ atoms to form distorted corner-sharing OMgCu3 trigonal pyramids. In the second O2- site, O2- is bonded in a rectangular see-saw-like geometry to one Mg2+ and three Cu3+ atoms. In the third O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted rectangular see-saw-like geometry to one Mg2+ and three Cu3+ atoms. In the fourth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted rectangular see-saw-like geometry to one Mg2+ and three Cu3+ atoms.

Topic: X-ray Diffraction in Crystallography
Subfield: Materials Chemistry
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
THE EFFECT OF WORK DISCIPLINE ON MEDICAL MEDICAL EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE WITH WORK COMMUNICATION AS AN INTERVENING VARIABLE (Case Study of Serdang Bedagai Hospital Centre Sultan Sulaiman Hospital)

The results of this study show. (1) It can be seen that the value of the adjusted R square is 0.046 or 04.6%. This shows that work discipline (X) can explain work communication (Z) by 04.6%, the remaining 95.4% (100% - 04.6%) is explained by other variables outside this research model. (2) The results of the (Partial) t test can be seen that a tcount value of 1.544 is obtained with α = 5%, ttable (5%; nk = 28) obtained a ttable value of 2.048. From this description it can be seen that tcount (1.544) &lt; ttable ( 2.048), as well as the significance value of 0.134 &gt; 0.05, it can be concluded that the first hypothesis is rejected, meaning that the work discipline variable (X) has no positive and significant effect on work communication (Z). (3) The results of the t test (Partial) can be seen that the value of tcount is 0, 078 With α = 5%, ttable (5%; nk = 28) obtained a ttable value of 2.048 From this description it can be seen that tcount (0.078) &lt; ttable (2.048), and its significance value is 0.938 &gt; 0.05, it can be concluded that the hypothesis the third is rejected, meaning that work communication (Z) has no significant effect on MEDICAL EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE (Y). (4) Path analysis shows the direct effect of variable X on variable Y of 0.676. While the indirect effect through variable Z is 0.280 x 0.012 = 0.003, the results of the calculations show that the indirect effect through variable Z is smaller than the direct effect on variable Y. and a significance value of 0.938 &gt; 0.05, it can be concluded that the third hypothesis is rejected, meaning that work communication (Z) has no significant effect on MEDICAL EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE (Y). (4) Path analysis shows the direct effect of variable X on variable Y of 0.676. While the indirect effect through variable Z is 0.280 x 0.012 = 0.003, the results of the calculations show that the indirect effect through variable Z is smaller than the direct effect on variable Y. and a significance value of 0.938 &gt; 0.05, it can be concluded that the third hypothesis is rejected, meaning that work communication (Z) has no significant effect on MEDICAL EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE (Y). (4) Path analysis shows the direct effect of variable X on variable Y of 0.676. While the indirect effect through variable Z is 0.280 x 0.012 = 0.003, the results of the calculations show that the indirect effect through variable Z is smaller than the direct effect on variable Y.

Topic: Healthcare Quality and Satisfaction
Subfield: General Health Professions
Field: Health Professions
Domain: Health Sciences
Laboratory Assessment of Burn Depth

Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery; Department of Surgery; The Chinese University of Hong Kong; Prince of Wales Hospital; Hong Kong Andrew Burd, F.R.C.S., Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, [email protected]

Topic: Reconstructive Surgery and Microvascular Techniques
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Crowding in visually impaired patients: contour interaction and/or gaze-selection defects?

Visual crowding, defined as a lower line acuity compared to single-letter acuity, was investigated in 18 visually impaired patients. The separate effects of contour interactions and gaze-selection defects were investigated using a line-acuity test, a single-letter acuity test, and the Regan repeat-letter test. The limits of normality were established from data collected on 25 age-matched normals. In the visually impaired group, 83% of the patients showed visual crowding. When dividing the group into the other two categories, 39% of patients showed gaze-selection problems and 56% demonstrated abnormal contour interactions. Only 5% of the patients showed no effect of contour interactions or gaze-selection defect. These results have important implications for the visual rehabilitation of such patients.

Topic: Ophthalmology and Visual Impairment Studies
Subfield: Epidemiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
CCDC 114499: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.

Topic: X-ray Diffraction in Crystallography
Subfield: Materials Chemistry
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
The Chronically Ill Patient

Widespread use of antibiotics, better immunology, and life-saving medical and surgical interventions make it possible for people to survive acute opportunistic illnesses and infections. As health care professionals begin a new century of progress, caring for the physical, psychosocial, and spiritual needs of the chronic sufferer will present one of the greatest tests for not only health care centers and research institutions, but faith communities as well. It is a situation fraught with irony: even as medical care advances, a growing number of people will continue to join the ranks of the chronically ill. The complex physical and emotional factors of chronic illness are well documented in the literature. What is less understood and researched are the intense spiritual struggles for which many chronic sufferers are ill-equipped. In caring for those who suffer long with chronic illness, the pastoral journey is treacherous and risky.

Topic: Religion, Spirituality, and Psychology
Subfield: Health
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Supplementary Methods, Figure Legends 1-7, Table Legend 1 from Activation of TYRO3/AXL Tyrosine Kinase Receptors in Thyroid Cancer

Supplementary Methods, Figure Legends 1-7, Table Legend 1 from Activation of TYRO3/AXL Tyrosine Kinase Receptors in Thyroid Cancer

Topic: Phagocytosis and Immune Regulation
Subfield: Immunology
Field: Immunology and Microbiology
Domain: Life Sciences
DNA reassociation and electrokaryotype study of some <i>Candida</i> species and synonymy of <i>Candida terebra</i>, <i>Candida entomaea</i>, and <i>Candida veronae</i>

Some Candida species that were similar in phenotypic characteristics were studied by molecular taxonomic comparisons including electrophoretic karyotypes, DNA base composition, and DNA relatedness. Among the species studied, Candida terebra, Candida entomaea, and Candida veronae showed similar electrophoretic karyotypes and a G + C range from 39.7 to 40.2 mol% in DNA base composition, and demonstrated 85–104% DNA similarity on the basis of flourometric hybridization in microdilution wells. As C. terebra has priority, we suggest that C. entomaea and C. veronae should be synonyms of C. terebra. Other species in this study, Candida dendronema, Candida diddensiae, Candida naeodendra, and Candida atmospherica, had low DNA relatedness. Thus, these species should be maintained in their original separate taxa.Key words: DNA reassociation, electrokaryotype, Candida species, synonym.

Topic: Antifungal resistance and susceptibility
Subfield: Infectious Diseases
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Interplay between diet, gut microbiota, epigenetic events, and colorectal cancer

Despite the success of colonoscopy screening, colorectal cancer (CRC) remains one of the most common and deadly cancers, and CRC incidence is rising in some countries where screening is not routine and populations have recently switched from traditional diets to western diets. Diet and energy balance influence CRC by multiple mechanisms. They modulate the composition and function of gut microbiota, which have a prodigious metabolic capacity and can produce oncometabolites or tumor‐suppressive metabolites depending, in part, on which dietary factors and digestive components are present in the GI tract. Gut microbiota also have a profound effect on immune cells in the lamina propria, which influences inflammation and subsequently CRC. Nutrient availability, which is an outcome of diet and energy balance, determines the abundance of certain energy metabolites that are essential co‐factors for epigenetic enzymes and therefore impinges upon epigenetic regulation of gene expression. Aberrant epigenetic marks accumulate during CRC, and epimutations that are selected for drive tumorigenesis by causing transcriptome profiles to diverge from the cell of origin. In some instances, the above mechanisms are intertwined as exemplified by dietary fiber being metabolized by colonic bacteria into butyrate, which is both a short‐chain fatty acid (SCFA) and a histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor that epigenetically upregulates tumor‐suppressor genes in CRC cells and anti‐inflammatory genes in immune cells.

Topic: Epigenetics and DNA Methylation
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
[Age-related peculiarities of glutathione content changes in the brain of rats during immobilization stress].

The work is aimed at studying age-related peculiarities as regards glutathione content changes in the brain of rats under immobilization stress. It has been established that some changes in the content of reduced glutathione take place in the brain in the process of ontogenesis. During immobilization stress the content of this metabolite decreases in the brain of all age groups of rats under study. To a greater extent this shift manifests itself in 2- and 24-month-old rats which are characterized by more active stress-stimulated free-radical processes in the brain and by an initially higher level of reduced glutathione.

Topic: Biochemical effects in animals
Subfield: Physiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Understanding the Repurchase Intentions of C2C Facebook Commerce: Comparison of Buyer–Seller Familiar and Unfamiliar Relationships

The Facebook platform facilitates customer-to-customer e-commerce transactions. However, for Facebook buyers, not all sellers are familiar sellers, and buyers may purchase goods from unfamiliar sellers. In Study 1, when the buyer and the seller are familiar with each other, based on the stimulus-organism-response (SOR) model, we explored how social interaction affects trust and then the buyer’s repurchase intention. In Study 2, when the buyer and the seller are not familiar with each other, based on the SOR model, we explored how social interaction could reduce perceived risk and then affect the buyer’s repurchase intention. Study 1 investigated 117 buyers, and Study 2 investigated 155 buyers. Study 1 illustrates the importance of the mediating roles of cognitive trust and affective trust. Study 2 illustrates the importance of the mediating role of financial risk. The results provide guidance for Facebook sellers

Topic: Technology Adoption and User Behaviour
Subfield: Information Systems and Management
Field: Decision Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Antidiabetic, Antioxidant, Antibacterial, and Antifungal Activities of Vanadyl Schiff Base Complexes

This review comprises some biological activities of vanadyl Schiff base complexes in terms of antidiabetic, antioxidant, antibacterial and anti-fungal activity. The structure activity relationship for the potential biological activities of these compounds is also discussed.

Topic: Vanadium and Halogenation Chemistry
Subfield: Inorganic Chemistry
Field: Chemistry
Domain: Physical Sciences
Urinary cotinine level in passive smoker nondiabetic children of diabetic families

ObjectiveThe aim of the study was to measure urinary cotinine level as a biomarker of passive smoking in children.BackgroundChildren's exposure to passive smoking is associated with a number of health hazards such as prenatal damage to the fetus, poor growth, respiratory illness, atopy and asthma, coronary heart disease, and sudden infant death syndrome.Materials and methodsThis study was conducted on 54 nondiabetic children from attendance of Genetic and Endocrine Units of Pediatric Department, Menofiya Faculty of Medicine.They were divided into two groups: group A (34 children exposed to passive smoking) and group B (20 children not exposed to passive smoking).The studied groups were subjected to detailed history taking, clinical examination, investigations (measurement of cotinine level by competitive enzyme immunoassay for the specific detection of cotinine in urine samples), and family counseling.ResultsThere is significantly higher urinary cotinine levels among children with history of exposure to passive tobacco smoke (152.06 ± 106.92) in comparison with children with no history of exposure (3095.0 ± 1160.09; P ≤ 0.001). The urinary cotinine levels were found to be dependent on daily exposure to tobacco smoke as indicated by the number of cigarettes consumed by the smoker in the presence of the child.ConclusionPassive smoking is a risk factor for many health hazards, and cotinine is a valuable biomarker for assessing exposure to passive tobacco smoking especially in children.

Topic: Smoking Behavior and Cessation
Subfield: Physiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF MAGNETIC WATER AND ITS EFFECT ON EGG PRODUCTION TRAITS IN HENS AT LATE LAYING PERIOD

This study was conducted to evaluate the egg production traits of laying hens receiving magnetic water (MW) for one month. Sixty Fayoumi hens at 54 weeks of age were used. On d 1 of the trial, hens were randomly assigned to control (non-magnetic water) and treatment (magnetic water, MW) groups. During the experiment, pH and electrical conductivity (EC) of water were recorded. The water nano-structure was investigated by electron microscopy. In parallel, egg mass, egg number, egg weight, egg production, and feed intake were recorded daily. Results showed that both pH and EC values of MW were higher compared to those of non-magnetic water (P ≤ 0.05). In MW, notable changes in the order and size of water molecules at the edge of water clusters were observed. Providing MW for the first two weeks did not affect any of productive traits. From third week of the experiment, egg production of MW group (34.5 ± 1.8 %) was significantly higher than this (27.8 ± 2.1 %) of control ones. In conclusion, physiochemical properties of MW may indirectly maintain hens’ productivity in late age. Nevertheless, interdisciplinary investigations should be carried out to elucidate the mode of action of MW and probable side effects if any. Keywords: magnetized water; magnetic field; egg production; egg weight; water properties.

Topic: Magnetic and Electromagnetic Effects
Subfield: Physiology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
[Value of immunology in the diagnosis of cutaneous onchocerciasis].

In a study of 135 cases, the authors present the dermatologic lesions occasioned by onchocercosis, study and discuss the value of the following three diagnostic procedures: the skin Snip technic, the Mazzotti test, and indirect fluorescent antibody test as used in a region of Africa where onchocercosis is, with dipetalonemosis, the principal filariasis. The skin Snip showed positive in only 11,8% of cases while each of the other technics permitted diagnosis of more than 80% of cases studied. Use of the Mazzotti test in conjunction with indirect fluorescent antibody test proved the origin of dermatologic lesions to be onchocercotic in 100% of the study group while both tests remained negative for subjects in the control group. The authors conclude that, in individual practice the 3 tests should be used conjointly, while, for purposes of mass screening, the determination of fluorescent antibodies must be performed as an adjunct to clinical examination and skin Snip.

Topic: Parasitic Diseases Research and Treatment
Subfield: Infectious Diseases
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Acculturation and self-esteem as predictors of acculturative stress among international students at the University of Wollongong

International students travel from their homelands in search of continuing education in overseas countries and there is a general expectation that they will encounter acculturative stress.\nThis study highlights variables such as acculturation, self-esteem and socio-demographic factors which play an important role in the acculturative stress of international students at The University of Wollongong, in Australia.\nOne hundred and seventy-three international students from 11 nationalities at Wollongong University completed a questionnaire which assesses acculturative stress in relationship to acculturation, self-esteem and socio-demographic variables.\nThe results indicated that acculturation, self-esteem and nationality are the best predictors of acculturative stress. Multiple regression analysis indicated that these variables account for 59% of the variance in acculturative stress. As hypothesised, higher levels of acculturative stress are associated with lower levels of acculturation and self-esteem. Furthermore, the associations between acculturative stress and age, financial situation, visiting home, place of residence, language background and religion are significant. The study results pointed out that acculturative stress is not significantly associated with marital status, faculty, duration of stay in Australia, sex or fees payment.\nThe findings of this study suggest that it would be important for educators and target group assessors in the field of mental health to give special attention to international students in Australia.

Topic: Emotional Intelligence and Performance
Subfield: Social Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
An Explosively Driven Launcher Capable of 10 km/s Projectile Velocities

Launching large (&gt; 1 g) well-characterized projectiles to velocities beyond 10 km/s is of interest for a number of scientific fields but is beyond the reach of current hypervelocity launcher technology. This paper reports the development of an explosively driven light-gas gun that has demonstrated the ability to launch 8 mm diameter, 0.36 g magnesium projectiles to 10.4 km/s. The implosion-driven launcher (IDL) uses the linear implosion of a pressurized tube to shock-compress helium gas to a pressure of \SI{5}{\giga\pascal}, which then expands to propel a projectile to hypervelocity. The launch cycle of the IDL is explored with the use of down-bore velocimetry experiments and a quasi-one-dimensional internal ballistics solver. A detailed overview of the design of the 8 mm launcher is presented, with an emphasis on the unique considerations which arise from the explosively driven propellant compression and the resulting extreme pressures and temperatures. The high average driving pressure results in a launcher that is compact, with a total length typically less than a meter. The possibility to scale the design to larger projectile sizes (25 mm diameter) is demonstrated. Finally, concepts for a modified launch cycle which may allow the IDL to reach significantly greater projectile velocities are explored conceptually and with preliminary experiments.

Topic: Energetic Materials and Combustion
Subfield: Mechanics of Materials
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Variation in sexual dimorphism and assortative mating do not predict genetic divergence in the sexually dimorphic Goodeid fish Girardinichthys multiradiatus

Abstract Sexual dimorphism is often used as a proxy for the intensity of sexual selection in comparative studies of sexual selection and diversification. The Mexican Goodeinae are a group of livebearing freshwater fishes with large variation between species in sexual dimorphism in body shape. Previously we found an association between variation in morphological sexual dimorphism between species and the amount of gene flow within populations in the Goodeinae. Here we have examined if morphological differentiation within a single dimorphic species is related to assortative mating or gene flow between populations. In the Amarillo fish Girardinichthys multiradiatus studies have shown that exaggerated male fins are targets of female preferences. We find that populations of the species differ in the level of sexual dimorphism displayed due to faster evolution of differences in male than female morphology. However, this does not predict variation in assortative mating tests in the laboratory; in fact differences in male morphology are negatively correlated with assortative mating. Microsatellite markers reveal significant genetic differences between populations. However, gene flow is not predicted by either morphological differences or assortative mating. Rather, it demonstrates a pattern of isolation by distance with greater differentiation between watersheds. We discuss the caveats of predicting behavioural and genetic divergence from so-called proxies of sexual selection.

Topic: Genetic diversity and population structure
Subfield: Genetics
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences