jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Electrophysiological Analysis of Central Neurons in the Bee and Correlations with Behavior

Electrophysiological recordings from single cells support the neuroanatomical data. The majority of these cells respond to more than one modality. Therefore, an electrophysiological analysis of central neurons in the bee brain can only be successful when it examines first the general response properties of single neurons and then, in a second step, tests stimulus combinations which are relevant for behavior. Neurons of the antenno-glomerular-tract were analysed and identified with electrophysiological techniques by O. Homberg. The neuroanatomical and electrophysiological results concerning the input of the mushroom bodies are in good agreement. Bees show various behavioral responses in the laboratory situation; many of these reactions have the properties of reflexes. Two behavioral modifications were analysed on the neuronal level: sensitization of the antennal reflex and associative olfactory learning. The changes on the neuronal level compare directly with the changes observed in behavior.

Topic: Neurobiology and Insect Physiology Research
Subfield: Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences
Abstract 15: Hypoxia As Therapy For MitochondRial Injury Following Cardiac Arrest

Introduction: Mitochondrial injury occurs following cardiac arrest (CA) and contributes to myocardial stunning and anoxic brain injury. Hypoxia has been proposed as a therapeutic strategy for neurodegenerative diseases associated with mitochondrial respiration defects, but its benefits in the post-CA setting remain unexplored. Here, we hypothesized mild hypoxia as therapy for post-CA mitochondrial injury. Methods and Results: Mice underwent brief asystolic CA (12 min) followed by cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). One hour following successful CPR, mice were randomized to receive a brief episode (6 hours) of hyperoxia (33% O 2 ), normoxia (21% O 2 ), or hypoxia (10% O 2 ) in an environmental chamber. Post exposure, the mice were returned to room air (21% O 2 ). Hypoxia improved myocardial fractional shortening compared to normoxia and hyperoxia (Hypoxia: 45.6±2.3 %, Normoxia: 40.0±0.8 %, Hyperoxia: 29.0±4.0 %, n=5, P&lt;0.05, respectively). Hypoxia also elevated neurological scores (Hypoxia: 8.4±1.3, Hyperoxia: 5.6±1.2, n=5, P&lt;0.05) 48 hours post CA compared to hyperoxia. Ten-day survival was prolonged by hypoxia (Hypoxia: 87.5 %, Normoxia: 62.5 %, Hyperoxia: 12.5 %, n=10, P&lt;0.05, respectively). Hypoxia also improved mitochondrial function (28% increase in basic oxygen consumption and 49% increase in ATP-related oxygen consumption, n=3, P&lt;0.05, respectively) and a 20% decrease in ROS production (n=6, P&lt;0.05) compared to normoxia. Conclusion: This study has two important findings: First , we demonstrate that oxygen availability in the early post-CA period is a critical determinant of long-term post-CA outcomes. Second , we show that mild hypoxic therapy in the early post-CA period improves early mitochondrial function and long-term post-CA outcomes. These findings reveal an important oxygen-dependent therapeutic window following resuscitation from CA that has implications for post-CA critical care.

Topic: High Altitude and Hypoxia
Subfield: Genetics
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Evaluation of Radical Scavenging and α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Effects of Gallic Acid Reactants Using Polyphenol Oxidase

폴리페놀 화합물은 천연에 광범위하게 존재하는 천연 화합물로 과일, 주스, 야채 등에 존재하여 일상생활에서 쉽게 섭취할 수 있으며, 이들 화합물의 건강증진 및 질병 예방 효과로 오랫동안 주목을 받고 있다. 천연물 유래의 항산화 및 항당뇨 개발과 관련하여 많은 연구가 효소 저해, 세포 및 동물실험을 통하여 다양하게 이루어져 왔다. 본 연구는 배유래의 polyphenol oxidase를 이용하여 천연에 존재하는 단순 페놀성 화합물인 gallic acid의 산화 축합반응을 실온에서 1, 3, 5, 7, 10시간 동안 유도하여 얻어진 결과물에 대하여 DPPH 및 ABTS+ 라디칼을 활용한 항산화 활성 및 α-glucosidase 저해능을 통해 항당뇨 활성을 평가하였다. 먼저 DPPH 라디칼 소거 활성은 gallic acid의 5시간 반응물의 경우, 100 μg/mL의 농도에서 84.9%의 활성을 나타내어, 양성대조군인 (+)-catechin보다 우수한 활성을 나타내었으며 7시간 및 10시간 반응물의 경우 라디칼 소거 활성이 점차 감소하는 경향을 확인하였다. 또한, ABTS+ 라디칼 소거 활성은 반응 1, 3, 5시간 반응물에서 양성대조군인 (+)-catechin보다 강한 라디칼 소거능을 확인하였으며 7시간 반응물부터는 라디칼 소거 활성이 감소함을 확인하였다. α-Glucosidase 저해능은 5시간 반응물의 250 μg/mL 농도에서 87.4%의 가장 강한 저해 활성을 나타내었으며, 이 활성은 같은 농도에서 양성대조군인 acarbose의 81.8%보다 강한 활성이었다. 향후 이들 반응을 통하여 생성된 화합물의 대량생산을 통한 물질 분리 및 구조 동정을 통하여 항산화 및 항당뇨 활성과 추가적인 메커니즘 검증을 수행할 필요성이 있다고 생각한다.

Topic: Phytochemicals and Antioxidant Activities
Subfield: Biochemistry
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Isolation and Characterization of Tannic Acid Hydrolysing Bacteria from Soil

Soil around slaughter house is continuously inoculated with aerobic bacteria from rumen of animals.Ruminant microflora, is able to degrade phenolic compounds such as tannins.Soil containing ruminant micro flora near slaughter house is cultured on Bushnell and Hans's medium containing tannic acid.Three bacterial colonies were isolated, cultivated for identification which are then analysed for biochemical characterization and physiological characterization.Furthermore tannase activity and tannin protein degrading activity of each isolate were determined qualitatively.

Topic: Tannin, Tannase and Anticancer Activities
Subfield: Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology
Field: Immunology and Microbiology
Domain: Life Sciences
Reduced crosstalk semiconductor optical amplifiers based on Type-II quantum wells

It is shown theoretically that semiconductor optical amplifiers (SOAs) with type-II quantum-well active regions in SOAs will have up to 10 dB lower interchannel crosstalk at high (>2.5 Gb/s) data rates. That reduction is attained via the corresponding increase in saturation energy without any reduction in the efficiency.

Topic: Semiconductor Quantum Structures and Devices
Subfield: Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Nanoscale Vacuum Channel Hall Sensors

Nanoscale vacuum channel Hall sensors (NVCHSs) were fabricated and simulated. The fabrication flow was compatible with the complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor (CMOS) process, and the active area was etched by using focused ion beam (FIB) technology. The current–voltage ( <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${I}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> – <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${V}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> ) characteristics of the bias terminals were measured to analyze the electron emission mechanism. Hall measurements were performed at ambient conditions to evaluate the Hall voltage, linearity, and voltage-related sensitivity of the proposed Hall sensor. The linearity error was less than 5%, and the voltage-related sensitivity was 0.28 V/VT. The performance of the sensor was similar to that of the common micrometer-sized Hall sensor, but with the benefits of small size and easy integration. Ultimately, a finite-element method (FEM) simulation was performed to show the potential distribution during normal sensor operation and to demonstrate the possibility of high-frequency operation. This work clearly outlines the potential of nanoscale vacuum channel technology in Hall sensor applications.

Topic: Magnetic Field Sensors Techniques
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Inner Core Belief Formation, Spiritual Practices, and the Willing-Doing Gap

Jesus taught we always live out what is in our heart. Our life is primarily directed by the deeply submerged core beliefs, which may often be very different from what we say we value or believe. One key component of inner formation is changing our core beliefs, with God's grace, and thus reducing the willing-doing gap. In the article, after identifying the problem, and highlighting Jesus’ focus on inner or heart formation, a basic overview of the concept of a belief is presented. Then ten principles or features about core beliefs and formation are proposed and clarified, followed by some implications for practice.

Topic: Biblical Studies and Interpretation
Subfield: Religious studies
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
The Role of Social Media Hashtags in Political Promotions: Mediating Role of Supply Chain Communication

The current study examines the impact of hashtags used in social media for political promotion and analyses the mediating role of supply chain communications (SCC) in the relationship. The current study was performed in Indonesia, where 301 Twitter users were surveyed about current variables with a questionnaire. The data was analysed through Statistical Product and Service Solutions (SPSS) and Analisis of Moment Structures (AMOS) in order to complete “structural equation modelling.” The findings of the current study depicted that increased social media hashtags about a political matter tend to increase significantly political promotion. Furthermore, it has been found that increased social media hashtags about a political matter significantly enhance the political communication in society. It means that increased hashtags enhance SCC, and SCC ultimately significantly enhances political promotion. The current study contributes to the literature and in practice, because it enhances the limited literature about the role of SCC in political promotion in association with social media hashtags. Practitioners should leverage the insights from hashtags to be the function as a promotion tool.

Topic: Islamic Finance and Communication
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Effect of mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.) extracts as a feed additive on growth and hematological parameters of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) fingerlings.

Based on the results of the present study, it is suggested that feeding fish with 0.5 % of mangosteen extracts for 35 days has no adverse effect on growth and enhanced the hematological parameters of African catfish fingerlings.

Topic: Natural Compound Pharmacology Studies
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
CONFIRMATORY FACTOR ANALYSIS OF THE COMPUTER UNDERSTANDING AND EXPERIENCE SCALE<sup>1</sup>

The two-factor structure (Technical Competence, General Competence) of the Computer Understanding and Experience Scale was examined through confirmatory factor analysis with a sample of 293 undergraduates from a medium-sized university located in the southern USA. Analysis indicated that the two-factor subscale structure of the Computer Understanding and Experience Scale was supported. The Computer Understanding and Experience Scale's total score is internally consistent (.82) with reliability coefficients for the two subscales of .75 for Technical Competence and .71 for General Competence. The importance of increasing diversity of the sample in subsequent studies is discussed.

Topic: Gender and Technology in Education
Subfield: Gender Studies
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
MicroRNA-195 inhibits proliferation and metastasis in renal cell carcinoma via regulating HMGA1.

Growing evidence indicates that aberrant expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) contributes to tumorigenesis in various human malignancies. In this study we revealed that miR-195 acted as a tumor suppressor in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) through inhibition of HMGA1 expression. qRT-PCR was used to detect the miR-195 expression in RCC tissues and cell lines. RCC cell line Caki-1 and Caki-2 cells were used in this study. The luciferase report assay and rescue assay were performed to identify HMGA1 as the target gene of miR-195. Additionally, Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test was used to explore the relationship between HMGA1 expression and RCC prognosis. We observed that miR-195 expression was significantly downregulated both in RCC tissues and in RCC cell lines. We observed that miR-195 overexpression inhibits the abilities of RCC cell proliferation, cell cycle progression and metastasis in vitro by targeting HMGA1 via epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) pathway. In clinical specimens, HMGA1 was overexpressed in high-grade RCC when compared with its levels in normal tissues and low-grade RCC cancer, its expression levels were inversely correlated with overall survival. Our findings highlight an important role of miR-195 and HMGA1 in the molecular etiology of RCC, indicating that they can serve as potential biomarkers and therapy targets of RCC.

Topic: MicroRNA in disease regulation
Subfield: Cancer Research
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Nucleation Rate in a Radiatively Induced First-Order Phase Transition

We apply the modern effective field theory framework to study the nucleation rate in high-temperature first-order phase transitions. With this framework, an effective description for the critical bubble can be constructed, and the exponentially large contributions to the nucleation rate can then be computed from the effective description. The results can be used to make more accurate predictions relating to cosmological first-order phase transitions, for example, the gravitational wave spectrum from a transition, which is important for the planned experiment LISA.&#13;\n\t&#13;\n\tWe start by reviewing a nucleation rate calculation for a classical scalar field to understand, how the critical bubble arises, via a saddle-point approximation, as the central object of the nucleation rate calculation. We then focus on the statistical part of the nucleation rate coming from the Boltzmann suppression of nucleating bubbles. This is done by the creation of an effective field theory from a thermal field theory that can describe the critical bubble. We give an example calculation with the renormalizable model of two $\\mathbb{Z}_2$-symmetric scalar fields. The critical bubbles of the model and their Boltzmann suppression are studied numerically, for which we further develop a recently proposed method.

Topic: nanoparticles nucleation surface interactions
Subfield: Atmospheric Science
Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences
Domain: Physical Sciences
Integrating Technology Addiction and Use: An Empirical Investigation of Online Auction Users

Technology addiction is a relatively new mental condition that has not yet been well integrated into mainstream MIS models. This study bridges this gap and incorporates technology addiction into technology use processes in the context of online auctions. It examines how user cognition and ultimately usage intentions toward an information technology are distorted by addiction to the technology. The findings from two empirical studies of 132 and 223 eBay users, using three different operationalizations of addiction, indicate that the level of online auction addiction distorts the way the IT artifact is perceived. Informing a range of cognition-modification processes, addiction to online auctions augments user perceptions of enjoyment, usefulness, and ease of use attributed to the technology, which in turn influence usage intentions. Overall, consistent with behavioral addiction models, the findings indicate that usersâ levels of online auction addiction influence their reasoned IT usage decisions by altering usersâ belief systems. The formation of maladaptive perceptions is driven by a combination of memory-, learning-, and bias-based cognition modification processes. Implications of the findings are discussed.

Topic: Hermeneutics and Narrative Identity
Subfield: Philosophy
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Trap-Integrated Superconducting Nanowire Single-Photon Detectors with Improved RF Tolerance for Trapped-Ion Qubit State Readout

State readout of trapped-ion qubits with trap-integrated detectors can address important challenges for scalable quantum computing, but the strong rf electric fields used for trapping can impact detector performance. Here, we report on NbTiN superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPDs) employing grounded aluminum mirrors as electrical shielding that are integrated into linear surface-electrode rf ion traps. The shielded SNSPDs can be successfully operated at applied rf trapping potentials of up to $\mathrm{54\,V_{peak}}$ at $\mathrm{70\,MHz}$ and temperatures of up to $\mathrm{6\,K}$, with a maximum system detection efficiency of $\mathrm{68\,\%}$. This performance should be sufficient to enable parallel high-fidelity state readout of a wide range of trapped ion species in typical cryogenic apparatus.

Topic: Quantum Information and Cryptography
Subfield: Artificial Intelligence
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Uchastie prokurora v razreshenii voprosa o prekrashchenii ugolovnogo dela sudom apellyatsionnoy instantsii

В статье анализируется правовое положение прокурора в разрешении вопроса о прекращении уголовногодела судом апелляционной инстанции по нереабилитирующим и реабилитирующим и основаниям, в том числе в связис отказом прокурора от обвинения.

Topic: Legal and Policy Issues
Subfield: Law
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Chiral kinetic theory in the presence of dark photon

Finding signatures of dark matter in transport characteristics of solids would be an important step on the road to detect this illusive component of the mass of our Universe. This is especially important and timely as the experiments designed to directly detect dark matter particles continue to provide negative results. As a first step in this direction we consider topologically non-trivial Weyl or Dirac semimetals and derive the modified kinetic equation taking into account two coupled $U(1)$-gauge fields, one being the standard Maxwell electromagnetic field and other corresponding to the dark sector. The resulting Boltzmann kinetic equation is modified by the Berry curvature which couples to both visible and dark sector gauge fields. It was revealed that the dark sector induces modifications of transport coefficients due to the appearance of coupling constant between gauge fields and dark sector magnetic field.

Topic: Advanced Thermodynamics and Statistical Mechanics
Subfield: Statistical and Nonlinear Physics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Synthesis and characterization of optically active copolymers of acenaphthylene. 2. Chiroptical and fluorescence properties

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis and characterization of optically active copolymers of acenaphthylene. 2. Chiroptical and fluorescence propertiesGiancarlo Galli, Roberto Solaro, Emo Chiellini, Alan Fernyhough, and Anthony LedwithCite this: Macromolecules 1983, 16, 4, 502–507Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1983Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1983https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00238a002https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00238a002research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views54Altmetric-Citations3LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts

Topic: Molecular spectroscopy and chirality
Subfield: Spectroscopy
Field: Chemistry
Domain: Physical Sciences
DETERMINANTS OF LOW FERTILITY IN SINGAPORE: EVIDENCE FROM A HOUSEHOLD SURVEY

Below-replacement fertility is a common problem among the rich countries with far-reaching economic and social implications. The problem is more acute in some economically fast-growing Asian countries where the fertility decline has been more rapid and the current fertility rates have reached levels that are unprecedented in recent history. In this paper, data from a unique household survey have been used to understand the determinants of low fertility in one such country: Singapore. The total fertility rate in Singapore has dropped from 4.7 children per woman in 1965 to 1.2 in 2011. This is well below the replacement level of 2.1 and one of the lowest in the world. The authors identify three key determinants of fertility in Singapore: (1) age at marriage; (2) household income; and (3) number of siblings' children. They find that fertility is negatively related to age at marriage and positively related to the number of siblings' children. The relationship between fertility and household income is U-shaped: the relationship is negative for household incomes of up to S$21 000 (in 2010 Singapore dollars) and positive for higher incomes.

Topic: Demographic Trends and Gender Preferences
Subfield: Gender Studies
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
PENGARUH MOTIVASI DAN KOMPETENSI TERHADAP KINERJA KARYAWAN PADA PT TRINITY AUTO DI SAMARINDA

This study aims to test and analyze how much influence Motivation and Competence on Employee Performance at PT Trinity Auto in Samarinda. The research method used in this study was observation, interviews, questionnaires, and literature study using a Likert scale and the sample used was 63 samples. Data analysis tools used are validity test, reliability test, classic assumption test, multiple linear regression test. The results showed that motivation and competency simultaneously affect employee performance. From the results of the correlation test of 0.681 which has a strong relationship between the independent variable and the dependent variable. The results of the coefficient of determination test which among the independent variables have an effect of 68.1% while the rest are influenced by variables outside this study. From the results of this study concluded that the Competence that most influences on employee performance is seen from the results of the t test with a value of 6,055. These results can prove that competence at PT Trinity Auto has an influence on employee performance.

Topic: Employee Performance and Management
Subfield: Human Factors and Ergonomics
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences