jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Social Class and Income Inequality in the United States: Ownership, Authority, and Personal Income Distribution from 1980 to 2010

This study outlines a theory of social class based on workplace ownership and authority relations, and it investigates the link between social class and growth in personal income inequality since the 1980s. Inequality trends are governed by changes in between-class income differences, changes in the relative size of different classes, and changes in within-class income dispersion. Data from the General Social Survey are used to investigate each of these changes in turn and to evaluate their impact on growth in inequality at the population level. Results indicate that between-class income differences grew by about 60% since the 1980s and that the relative size of different classes remained fairly stable. A formal decomposition analysis indicates that changes in the relative size of different social classes had a small dampening effect and that growth in between-class income differences had a large inflationary effect on trends in personal income inequality.

Topic: Employment and Welfare Studies
Subfield: General Health Professions
Field: Health Professions
Domain: Health Sciences
Intact funiculus in mature harvested seeds of field pea (<i>Pisum sativum</i> L.): preliminary investigation and possible implications

Abstract A seed remains attached to mother plant through funiculus which is the only means of communication between seed and mother plant. In general, the funiculus is detached from seeds at maturity while harvesting and threshing. However, out of about 950 accessions of fieldpea ( Pisum sativum ) screened at ICAR‐Indian Institute of Pulses Research, Kanpur, India, eight accessions were identified to have intact funiculus in matured and harvested seed. The role of intact funiculus after maturity and harvesting is not yet known. This article summarizes the results of a preliminary investigation on the effect of presence of funiculus on mature harvested seeds of fieldpea on water uptake, as the region underneath the funiculus (hilum–micropylar region) is known to be actively involved in water imbibition by seed. We also propose the possible implications (positive and negative) of incorporation of such trait in high yielding cultivars. The preliminary investigation suggested that the presence of funiculus in harvested seeds has a significant but negative role in rate of water uptake, as the seeds of all eight accessions imbibed more water when funiculus was removed. Such an effect on water uptake, which triggers many physiological metabolisms of dry seed, could have an effect on rate and final germination, dormancy, seed shattering, and cooking time. Also, such genotypes are expected to perform better under high initial moisture and/or flood situation like rice ( Oryza sativa ) fallows.

Topic: Genetic and Environmental Crop Studies
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
MULTI-USER SUPPORT FOR VIRTUAL GEOGEBRA TEAMS

The Math Forum is an online resource center for pre-algebra, algebra, geometry and pre-calculus. Its Virtual Math Teams (VMT) service provides an integrated web-based environment for small teams to discuss mathematics. The VMT collaboration environment now includes the dynamic mathematics application, GeoGebra. It offers a multi-user version of GeoGebra, which can be used in concert with VMT’s chat, web browsers, curricula and wiki repository.

Topic: Open Education and E-Learning
Subfield: Computer Science Applications
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
The Influence of Learning Styles and Motivation on Undergraduate Student Success in Mathematics

This study investigates the influence of motivation and learning styles on the achievement of tertiary education Mathematics' students. A randomly selected of 140 undergraduates students in an university have participated in this study. Students were asked to complete a questionnaire on the different aspects of the motivation (extrinsic motivation and intrinsic motivation) and learning styles (participation, collaboration, independence, and competition) towards their respective academic performance. Grasha's Model is applied in this research and there are six aspects of learning styles for this model. However, the learning style of avoidance and dependent are not suitable for university students. Therefore, only four aspects of learning styles are used. Correlation analysis is use to examine the relationship between the learning styles and motivation on students' achievement. The findings reveal that the extrinsic motivation of students exceeds intrinsic motivation. Also, learning styles, encompassing participation, collaboration, and independence significantly influence students' performance relative to the competition. The results also indicate that both motivation and learning styles are significantly different in the context of performance in Mathematics for the undergraduates.

Topic: Learning Styles and Cognitive Differences
Subfield: Developmental and Educational Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
The internationalisation of business angel investment activity: a review and research agenda

Prompted by the recent publication of two practitioner-led and -oriented books profiling the global expansion of the business angel investment phenomenon, this paper reviews the evidence for the internationalisation of this increasingly important source of entrepreneurial finance. As business angel activity grows in prominence in emerging markets in particular, challenges are identified in terms of the definition of the phenomenon, the importance of institutional voids in shaping the development of this activity and the role of cultural constraints in legitimising it. The paper identifies a tension between universalist and contextualist accounts of the emergence of this market which has implications for both future research and policy formation.

Topic: Private Equity and Venture Capital
Subfield: Accounting
Field: Business, Management and Accounting
Domain: Social Sciences
Determining the first order perturbation of a polyharmonic operator on admissible manifolds

We consider the inverse boundary value problem for the first order perturbation of the polyharmonic operator $\mathcal L_{g,X,q}$, with $X$ being a $W^{1,\infty}$ vector field and $q$ being an $L^\infty$ function on compact Riemannian manifolds with boundary which are conformally embedded in a product of the Euclidean line and a simple manifold. We show that the knowledge of the Dirichlet-to-Neumann determines $X$ and $q$ uniquely. The method is based on the construction of complex geometrical optics solutions using the Carleman estimate for the Laplace-Beltrami operator due to Dos Santos Ferreira, Kenig, Salo and Uhlmann. Notice that the corresponding uniqueness result does not hold for the first order perturbation of the Laplace-Beltrami operator.

Topic: Numerical methods in inverse problems
Subfield: Mathematical Physics
Field: Mathematics
Domain: Physical Sciences
Trait emotional intelligence and self-assessment of classroom learning in medical students.

Underprediction of marks in formative assessment is common in 1st-year medical students. Students with higher levels of EI may predict their knowledge gained from classroom better than the students with lower EI. This may be a potential reason for the better academic performance of students with higher EI.

Topic: Emotional Intelligence and Performance
Subfield: Social Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Developing Sympa's Online Recruitment Process Description

This study examines the current recruitment process in the case company Sympa. The primary objective of the study was to develop the online recruitment process description for Sympa. Additionally, information on the feasibility of the implementation of the developed process description was provided. The study consisted of six project tasks that supported the primary objective of the thesis project. The six project tasks included preparing the theoretical framework, analyzing the current recruitment process, establishing the candidate experience, creating the new online recruitment process description, presenting the new online recruitment process description, as well as evaluating the project. The study involved both qualitative and quantitative methods. First, qualitative interviews were carried out with the Recruitment Managers in the company to obtain information regarding how the recruitment processes were conducted. Four Recruitment Managers from the company were interviewed. Second, a survey was conducted among the employees recruited by Sympa during the past year and a half in order to establish the candidate experience of the recruitment process. The survey was sent to 49 employees via email. With 41 responses, the response rate was 84%. The results were analyzed with the help of graphs and survey statistics provided by Webropol. The interviews showed that the recruitment process was carried out in different ways by the Recruitment Managers, and that they wished to receive more help from HR during the recruitments. The results of the survey were positive and showed that the Recruitment Managers had created a strong employer brand during the recruitment process. However, the survey answers also revealed improvement points regarding the recruitment process, such as faster responses, more communication about the upcoming steps and the wish for a more standardized process. Based on the results from the qualitative interviews and the quantitative survey, the new online recruitment process description for Sympa was created. The new process description included the phases, steps and duration of the recruitment process and provided a standardized recruitment process across all the teams of the company.

Topic: Employer Branding and e-HRM
Subfield: Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management
Field: Business, Management and Accounting
Domain: Social Sciences
USF1-mediated upregulation of lncRNA GAS6-AS2 facilitates osteosarcoma progression through miR-934/BCAT1 axis

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been certified as important regulators in tumorigenesis. LncRNA GAS6-AS2 (GAS6-AS2) was a newly identified tumor-related lncRNA, and its dysregulation and oncogenic effects in melanoma and bladder cancer had been reported in previous studies. However, the expression pattern and potential function of GAS6-AS2 in osteosarcoma (OS) have not been investigated. In this study, we identified a novel OS-related lncRNA GAS6-AS2. We found that GAS6-AS2 was distinctly upregulated in both OS specimens and cell lines. Distinct up-regulation of GAS6-AS2 in OS was correlated with advanced clinical stages and shorter survivals. In addition, USF1 could directly bind to the GAS6-AS2 promoter and contribute to its overexpression. Furthermore, GAS6-AS2 knockdown caused tumor suppressive effects via reducing cellular proliferation, migration and invasion, and promoting OS cell apoptosis. Besides, GAS6-AS2 directly bound to miR-934 and downregulated its expression. Mechanistically, GAS6-AS2 positively regulated the expression of BCAT1 through sponging miR-934. Taken together, our data illustrated how GAS6-AS2 played an oncogenic role in OS and might offer a potential therapeutic target for treating OS.

Topic: Cancer-related molecular mechanisms research
Subfield: Cancer Research
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Reconfigurable Three-Dimensional Gold Nanorod Plasmonic Nanostructures Organized on DNA Origami Tripod

Distinct electromagnetic properties can emerge from the three-dimensional (3D) configuration of a plasmonic nanostructure. Furthermore, the reconfiguration of a dynamic plasmonic nanostructure, driven by physical or chemical stimuli, may generate a tailored plasmonic response. In this work, we constructed a 3D reconfigurable plasmonic nanostructure with controllable, reversible conformational transformation using bottom-up DNA self-assembly. Three gold nanorods (AuNRs) were positioned onto a reconfigurable DNA origami tripod. The internanorod angle and distance were precisely tuned through operating the origami tripod by toehold-mediated strand displacement. The transduction of conformational change manifested into a controlled shift of the plasmonic resonance peak, which was studied by dark-field microscopy, and agrees well with electrodynamic calculations. This new 3D plasmonic nanostructure not only provides a method to study the plasmonic resonance of AuNRs at prescribed 3D conformations but also demonstrates that DNA origami can serve as a general self-assembly platform for constructing various 3D reconfigurable plasmonic nanostructures with customized optical properties.

Topic: Advanced biosensing and bioanalysis techniques
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Molecular discrimination and genetic relationships between some cultivars of Cucurbita pepo ssp. pepo using random amplification of polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis

Cucurbita pepo ssp. pepo; zucchini group is a widely grown and economically important group belonging to genus Cucurbita, and being one of the easiest groups to cultivate in temperate climate with overwhelming production. Since, RAPD analysis provides a fast and reliable method for molecular characterization and investigation of the intraspecific genetic relationships; it had been used in this study to discriminate and clarify the genetic diversity between seven cultivars of C. pepo ssp. pepo originated worldwide. Seven out of 20 decamer arbitrary primers showed polymorphism in the RAPD profile. The polymorphism was investigated by 87 consistent amplification products. Some of those fragments were uniquely amplified in single cultivar. Thus, they can be used as molecular markers for cultivar identification. The results of Jaccard similarity and the phenogram ascertained the wide genetic base of the Egyptian landrace El-Escandrani with the lowest loading component of 0.400. Therefore, it could be recommended as a reservoir of alleles useful for breeding programs in parental crosses. The multivariate analysis using the principle component analysis separated all the cultivars on the first component indicating the high correlation between them. The strongest correlation was confirmed between the two MHTSQ hybrids with Mansoura cultivar from Italy, with a loading component of 0.85. Key words: Genetic diversity, Cucurbita pepo, cluster analysis, random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD).

Topic: Advances in Cucurbitaceae Research
Subfield: Genetics
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Esophageal Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor-Incidence and Prognosis after Enucleation

はじめに:食道粘膜下腫瘍のほとんどは平滑筋腫と考えられてきたが,gastrointestinal stromal tumor(以下,GIST)の診断基準の確立により,食道GIST症例が増加している.方法:1997年から2008年の間に当科で切除した食道粘膜下腫瘍13例を対象とし,免疫染色検査による再診断を行った.また,核出術後の転帰を自験例ならびに報告例から検討した.結果:食道粘膜下腫瘍13例の当初の診断の内訳はGIST 3例(23%),平滑筋腫6例,平滑筋肉腫2例,悪性リンパ腫1例,顆粒細胞腫1例だった.再診断により平滑筋腫2例がGISTと訂正された.その結果,内訳はGIST 5例(38%),平滑筋腫4例,平滑筋肉腫2例,悪性リンパ腫1例,顆粒細胞腫1例となった.GISTのうち核出術が行われたのは4例であり,全例でいまだ再発はない.自験例4例と,食道GISTに核出術または一部が核出となった摘出術の国内外の報告12例を加え,16症例での検討を行った.術後の再発は4例(25%)に認められたが,腫瘍径が4 cm以下のもの,超低リスク・低リスク群での再発はなかった.考察:かつて,平滑筋腫と診断されていたものの中にGISTが少なからず存在し,食道粘膜下腫瘍に占めるGISTの割合は少なくない.また,腫瘍径が小さなものでは腫瘍核出術も許容されるが,小さくとも腫瘍細胞分裂やMIB-1 indexが高い症例では,再発を来すことがあるため厳密なfollow-upが必要である.

Topic: Gastrointestinal Tumor Research and Treatment
Subfield: Gastroenterology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Five novel germline function‐impairing mutations of <i>CYLD</i> in Italian patients with multiple cylindromas

Supporting Information The following supporting information is available for this article: Fig. S1. Analysis of splicing mutations performed on RNA extracted from lymphoblastoid cell lines . On the left, reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of exons 12 through 16. The lanes are as follows: patient 5 and patient 6, C (control) and M (ΦX174 DNA/HaeIII, Marker 9). On the right, DNA sequence of the PCR product extracted from the shorter transcript revealing absence of exons 14 for both. Please note: Wiley-Blackwell Publishing are not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting materials supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing material) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.

Topic: Cancer and Skin Lesions
Subfield: Dermatology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Two neglected moral emotions in university settings: some data on pride and shame

Pride and shame, two moral emotions partially neglected by the literature, can also be categorised as achievement emotions, because of their salience within everyday school and academic life. Our aims were to explore whether they are organised in a setting-specific manner and whether they differ in two settings, learning exam-relevant material and taking exams. Five hundred and forty university students evaluated pride and shame related to the two settings. A confirmatory multitrait-multimethod analysis (MTMM) indicated higher salience of type of emotion rather than type of setting; however, the structure of pride and shame was best explained when also type of setting was accounted for. A repeated-measure analysis of variance revealed higher levels of the positive emotion compared to the negative emotion, with the latter higher for the evaluative setting. Findings are discussed in light of their theoretical and applied relevance.

Topic: Emotions and Moral Behavior
Subfield: Social Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
ANTHELMINTICS

In a recent review of the literature we have found references to nearly three hundred substances which have been used against hookworm and Ascaris.<sup>1</sup>Besides this we have tested some three or four hundred other substances on Ascaris in our laboratory. The time which we have here will not allow any true comparison of even the more important of these, and hardly the statement of reasons for our conclusions as to their relative merits. One drug after another has been tried against the most common intestinal helminths, hookworm and Ascaris, and each has gone through about the same history: first, great enthusiasm about its efficacy and nontoxicity, and then a gradual realization that the results obtained in the treatment of thousands of patients have not come up to first expectations. Cases of intoxication appear, and one more drug is placed in the list of anthelmintics which must be used

Topic: Helminth infection and control
Subfield: Small Animals
Field: Veterinary
Domain: Health Sciences
Snail2 induced E-cadherin suppression and metastasis in lung carcinoma facilitated by G9a and HDACs

Snail2 is a repressor of E-cadherin during carcinogenesis; however, the specific mechanisms involved in this process remain largely unknown. Here, we determined that Snail2 was highly increased during TGF-β-induced EMT process in lung cells. H3K9 methylation was up-regulated and H3K4/H3K56 acetylation were down-regulated at the E-cadherin promoter. Snail2 interacted with G9a and HDACs to exert suppression of E-cadherin transcription. Overexpression of Snail2 enhanced the migration and invasion ability, whereas G9a and HDACs inhibition significantly reversed this effect. Our study demonstrated the importance of G9a- and HDACs-mediated regulation during Snail2-induced E-cadherin repression and metastasis during LC progression.

Topic: Epigenetics and DNA Methylation
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Creating a Wildlife-Vehicle Collision Clearing House in Canada: A Feasibility Study

Currently in Canada there is no centralized resource for sharing wildlife-vehicle collision (WVC) data. This document, sponsored by State Farm, looks at the feasibility of creating a clearinghouse for WVC data and the components it would include. The feasibility of including each component, specifically data, literature, links, and communications, is then further examined. The document concludes with recommendations for creating a WVC clearinghouse.

Topic: Wildlife-Road Interactions and Conservation
Subfield: Ecology
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Tobacco cessation counselling for women in rural Sindh: is it being offered?

A very small segment of the women users of health care system is enquired and counselled about tobacco use in any form by the health providers in Rural Sindh. Revisiting practices for health care professionals is urgently needed to address inevitable tobacco use in the region.

Topic: Smoking Behavior and Cessation
Subfield: Physiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Discontinuation of Anti-Tumour Necrosis Factor Therapy in Patients with Perianal Fistulizing Crohn’s Disease: Individual Participant Data Meta-Analysis of 309 Patients from 12 Studies

Abstract Background The risk of relapse after anti-tumour necrosis factor [TNF] therapy discontinuation in Crohn’s disease patients with perianal fistulas [pCD] is unclear. We aimed to assess this risk. Methods A systematic literature search was conducted to identify cohort studies on the incidence of relapse following anti-TNF discontinuation in pCD patients. Individual participant data were requested from the original study cohorts. Inclusion criteria were age ≥16 years, pCD as a (co)indication for start of anti-TNF therapy, more than three doses, and remission of luminal and pCD at anti-TNF discontinuation. The primary outcome was the cumulative incidence of CD relapse using Kaplan–Meier estimates. Secondary outcomes included response to re-treatment and risk factors associated with relapse as assessed by Cox regression analysis. Results In total, 309 patients from 12 studies in ten countries were included. The median duration of anti-TNF treatment was 14 months [interquartile range 5.8–32.5]. Most patients were treated for pCD without active luminal disease [89%], received first-line anti-TNF therapy [87%], and continued immunomodulatory therapy following anti-TNF discontinuation [78%]. The overall cumulative incidence of relapse was 36% (95% confidence interval [CI] 25–48%) and 42% [95% CI 32–53%] at 1 and 2 years after anti-TNF discontinuation, respectively. Risk factors for relapse included smoking (hazard ratio [HR] 1.5 [1.0, 2.1]) and history of proctitis (HR 1.7 [1.1, 2.5]). The overall re-treatment response rate was 82%. Conclusions This individual participant data meta-analysis, on predominantly patients with pCD without active luminal disease and first-line anti-TNF therapy, shows that over half of patients remain in remission 2 years after anti-TNF discontinuation. Therefore, anti-TNF discontinuation may be considered in this subgroup.

Topic: Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Subfield: Genetics
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences