jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Radio Observations of Two Intermittent Pulsars: PSRs J1832+0029 and J1841−0500

Abstract We present long-term observations of two intermittent pulsars, PSRs J1832+0029 and J1841−0500, using the Parkes 64 m radio telescope. The radio emission for these pulsars switches off for year-long durations. Our new observations have enabled us to improve the determination of the on–off timescales and the spin-down rates during those emission states. In general our results agree with previous studies of these pulsars, but we now have significantly longer data spans. We have identified two unexpected signatures in the data. Weak emission was detected in a single observation of PSR J1832+0029 during an off emission state. For PSR J1841−0500, we identified a quasi-periodic fluctuation in the intensities of the detectable single pulses, with a modulation period between 21 and 36 pulse periods.

Topic: Pulsars and Gravitational Waves Research
Subfield: Astronomy and Astrophysics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Mutational diversity and hot spots in the alpha-sarcoglycan gene in autosomal recessive muscular dystrophy (LGMD2D).

Sarcoglycanopathies are a genetically heterogeneous group of autosomal recessive muscular dystrophies in which the primary defect may reside in any of the genes coding for the different partners of the sarcolemmal sarcoglycan (SG) complex: the alpha-SG (LGMD2D at 17q21.2), the beta-SG (LGMD2E at 4q12), the gamma-SG (LGMD2C at 13q12), and the delta-SG (LGMD2F at 5q33). We report a series of 20 new unrelated families with 14 different mutations in the alpha-SG gene. Along with the mutations that we previously reported this brings our cohort of patients with alpha-sarcoglycanopathy to a total of 31 unrelated patients, carrying 25 different mutations. The missense mutations reside in the extracellular domain of the protein. Five of 15 missense mutations, carried by unrelated subjects on different haplotype backgrounds and of widespread geographical origins, account for 58% of the mutated chromosomes, with a striking prevalence of the R77C substitution (32%). The severity of the disease varies strikingly and correlates at least in part with the amount of residual protein and the type of mutation. The recurrent R284C substitution is associated with a benign disease course.

Topic: Muscle Physiology and Disorders
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Setting the Stage, Framing the Picture; the Gilding and Polychromy of Late Medieval Altarpiece Structures in the North

The gilding and polychromy of the structural parts of altarpieces have largely been overlooked in art historical studies. However, these specific designs were important elements in the framing of the sculptural and painted content of the altarpiece complex. This article provides a detailed art technological overview of the gilding and polychromy of the supporting elements of the whole corpus of Northern German altarpieces in Norway. It highlights the medieval craftsman’s use of sophisticated materials and techniques, and proves that, in addition to being secondary props, the shrine decorations bore important meanings in their own right, containing intrinsic material and aesthetical values. Furthermore, the study found both change and continuity in the specific craftmanship throughout the late medieval period. Changes in the layering and three-dimensional effects have been especially useful tools in the correction of previously assumed dates of origin of several of the altarpieces. It is hoped that the results presented in this study, together with a new perspective, encourages further close analyses of the ‘backdrop’ of medieval altarpieces in future studies.

Topic: Cultural Heritage Materials Analysis
Subfield: Archeology
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Performance of Perovskite‐Type Oxides as Oxygen‐Carrier Materials for Chemical Looping Combustion in the Presence of H<sub>2</sub>S

Abstract In this study, the redox behavior and the effect of the presence of sulfur on the performance of the CaTi x Mn 0.9− x Mg 0.1 O 3 perovskite‐type system were investigated. A detailed thermodynamic and thermogravimetric approach combined with post‐characterization was utilized. Ti doping positively influenced the reduction reaction rate and broadened the operation window of the oxygen carrier material (OCM) to lower temperatures. Although sulfur accumulation during the chemical looping with oxygen uncoupling conditions was thermodynamically inevitable owing to sulfate formation, deep redox cycles were shown to remove the accumulated sulfur from the OCM after the sour cycles. Post‐characterization by scanning electron microscopy and sulfur mapping confirmed the effectiveness of this treatment.

Topic: Chemical Looping and Thermochemical Processes
Subfield: Biomedical Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
An Open Trial of a Mind–Body Intervention for Young Women with Moderate to Severe Primary Dysmenorrhea

Abstract Objective To evaluate the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy of a mind–body intervention for moderate to severe primary dysmenorrhea (PD). Design Open trial (single arm). Setting Academic medical school. Subjects A total of 20 young adult women with moderate to severe primary dysmenorrhea were included across four separate intervention groups. Methods All participants received five 90-minute sessions of a mind–body intervention and completed self-report measures of menstrual pain, depression, anxiety, somatization, and pain catastrophizing at baseline, post-treatment, and at one-, two-, three-, and 12-month follow-up. Self-report of medication use and use of skills learned during the intervention were also collected at all follow-up points. Results Participants reported significantly lower menstrual pain over time compared with baseline. No changes in anxiety, depression, or somatization were observed, although pain catastrophizing improved over time. Changes in menstrual pain were not associated with changes in medication use or reported use of skills. Conclusions A mind–body intervention is a promising nondrug intervention for primary dysmenorrhea, and future research should focus on testing the intervention further as part of a randomized clinical trial.

Topic: Menstrual Health and Disorders
Subfield: Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Patch test sensitivity to Kathon® CG

Among 1511 consecutive patients patch tested with Kathon CG at 100 ppm active ingredient. 13 (0.8%) gave a positive reaction. Use test with a lotion containing Kathon CG (8.6 ppm) revealed no reaction in 11 patients with a positive patch test. It is concluded that a positive patch test reaction to 100 ppm does not initiate eczema alter use of products preserved with Kathon CG in the low Concentrations (3–15 ppm) used in final products.

Topic: Contact Dermatitis and Allergies
Subfield: Dermatology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
R/V KAIMEI KM19-03 Cruise Data

[CRUISE DATA] This site includes a cruise dataset acquired in KM19-03 on R/V KAIMEI from 2019-05-23 to 2019-05-31. Observation contents: Bathymetry, Sub-Bottom Profiler, Gravity, Shipboard Three Component Magnetometer, Expendable Bathythermograph, Shipboard Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler, Marine Meteorology, Sea-surface Photosynthetically Active Radiation, Cloud Ceiling, Underway Thermosalinograph, Precipitable water vapor, Single Channel Seismic Survey, Sediment Core Sample

Topic: Diptera species taxonomy and behavior
Subfield: Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Research Progress on Polymeric Inorganic Nanocomposites Insulating Materials

With the rapid development of power energy, electronic information, rail transit, and aerospace industries, nanocomposite dielectric materials have been widely used as new materials. Polymer/inorganic nanocomposite dielectric materials possess excellent physical and mechanical properties. In addition, numerous unique properties such as electricity, thermal, sound, light, and magnetic properties are exhibited by these materials. First, the macroscopic quantum tunneling effect, small‐size effect, surface effect, and quantum‐size effect of nanoparticles are introduced. There are a few anomalous changes in the physical and chemical properties of the matrix, which are caused by these effects. Second, the interaction mechanism between the nanoparticles and polymer matrix is introduced. These include infiltration adsorption theory, chemical bonding, diffusion theory, electrostatic theory, mechanical connection theory, deformation layer theory, and physical adsorption theory. The mechanism of action of the interface on the dielectric properties of the composites is summarized. These are the interface trap effect, interface barrier effect, and homogenization field strength effect. In addition, different interfacial structure models were used to analyze the specific properties of nanocomposite dielectric materials. Finally, the research status of the dielectric properties of nanocomposite dielectric materials is introduced.

Topic: High voltage insulation and dielectric phenomena
Subfield: Materials Chemistry
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
A comparison of concentration techniques for the analysis of polar compounds in canister samples

The analysis of polar volatile organic compounds (PVOCs) in ambient air by GC/MS requires sample preconcentration to achieve 0.1 ppb detection limits. Necessary sample volumes can exceed 300 c resulting in the co-collection of approximately 3--6 {micro}l of water, depending on the humidity of the sample. This much water will degrade column performance and will cause signal attenuation in benchtop mass spectrometers making quantification of target analytes difficult. A concentration system utilizing yet a third water management technique called Cold Trap Dehydration (CTD) will be presented. Using this technique, water can be substantially eliminated without loss of polar VOCs of interest. CO{sub 2} is also eliminated before GC/MS injection resulting in superior chromatographic performance and a more consistent GC/MS response for the extreme light VOCs. The preconcentrator uses the same hardware trapping configuration for Cold Trap Dehydration as it does for Automated 2-Dimensional Chromatography and Microscale Purge and Trap, and can select any one of the three applications under software control. To determine which approach is best for TO14 and CAAA Title 3 compounds, all three water management procedures will be examined and compared. Data will be presented showing detection limits and %RSD`s from the analysis of PVOCs in canistersmore » using the 3-stage Entech 2000/2016CM Automated preconcentration system and an HP 5972 GC/MS.« less

Topic: Advanced Chemical Sensor Technologies
Subfield: Biomedical Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Movement of Persons under Schengen

This case-study concerns the policy area of regulating movement of persons across the external frontiers of the Union, which comprised the Schengen acquis contained within negotiating chapter 24 on justice and home affairs. This policy area was presented relatively late in the accession process, but it was high on the political agenda in both the EU and CEE. It did not appear in the first phases of accession policy, and received little attention in the Commission's 1997 Opinions, but it became an increasingly important area from 1998 onwards in the Accession Partnerships and in EU aid policy, including twinning.KeywordsOrganise CrimeBorder ControlCandidate CountryHome AffairVisa RequirementThese keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.

Topic: European Criminal Justice and Data Protection
Subfield: Political Science and International Relations
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
EFL curriculum implementation in primary schools in South Sulawesi Province in Indonesia

This mixed-methods study investigated South Sulawesi primary EFL teachers’ understanding of and attitudes towards the National Curriculum Framework (NCF), the basis of school curriculum development. It explored its influence on teachers’ teaching methods and the impact of EFL status as Local Content (LC) subject on their teaching. It revealed that teachers have an understanding of the NCF, most adhered to it, their methods complied with the recommended approach, and were aware of LC requirements.

Topic: Educational Assessment and Pedagogy
Subfield: Education
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Definition study for photovoltaic residential prototype system. [With and without on-site energy storage]

A site evaluation was performed to assess the relative merits of different regions of the country in terms of the suitability for experimental photovoltaic powered residences. Eight sites were selected based on evaluation criteria which included population, photovoltaic systems performance and the cost of electrical energy. A parametric sensitivity analysis was performed for four selected site locations. Analytical models were developed for four different power system implementation approaches. Using the model which represents a direct (or float) charge system implementation the performance sensitivity to the following parameter variations is reported: (1) solar roof slope angle; (2) ratio of the number of series cells in the solar array to the number of series cells in the lead-acid battery; and (3) battery size. For a Cleveland site location, a system with no on site energy storage and with a maximum power tracking inverter which feeds back excess power to the utility was shown to have 19 percent greater net system output than the second place system. The experiment test plan is described. The load control and data acquisition system and the data display panel for the residence are discussed.

Topic: Smart Grid Energy Management
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Verwoerdian Apartheid and African Political Elites in South Africa, 1950–68

Afrikaner nationalism became an organized movement in 1914 when the National Party was founded and began to provide a platform for everybody who was dissatisfied with the politics of the day. The Party's followers were largely rural farmers who suffered economically in the aftermath of the Anglo-Boer War and World War I. Only in 1918 did Afrikaner nationalism become an urban phenomenon when a small group of railway employees founded the Afrikaner Broederbond in Johannesburg. When its efforts as a cultural organization bore little fruit, the Broederbond decided in 1921 to become a secret society and went underground. It used a clandestine cell structure whereby the communication channels were controlled by a powerful leadership, the Uitvoerende Raad (Executive Council). Its elitist character became even more pronounced after a number of academics, mostly from the Calvinist University of Potchefstroom, joined the organization in about 1927 and henceforth largely dominated the leadership structure. The Broederbond started to recruit persons who already were in key positions in public service and in Afrikaans cultural organizations, and it infiltrated other institutions and organizations. During the 1930s and 1940s the Broederbond became increasingly influential as the guiding force of Afrikaans cultural nationalism.1 When in 1948 the National Party came to power, the secret society wholeheartedly supported the policy of apartheid and started to look for potential partners among African elites. This chapter will look into the way this elitist Afrikaner organization supported and manipulated the emergence of an African political elite in the orbit of South African power, which includes those neighboring regions which were more or less dependent on South Africa economically as well as militarily.2KeywordsMigrant WorkerElection CampaignAfrican National CongressNational PartySouth African GovernmentThese keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.

Topic: South African History and Culture
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
CCDC 666410: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.

Topic: Crystallization and Solubility Studies
Subfield: Materials Chemistry
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Investment Decision of Blockchain-Based Traceability Service Input for a Competitive Agri-Food Supply Chain

Competitive agri-food supply chain (hereafter, AFSC) is an important component of AFSC. In a competitive environment, more and more AFSCs use blockchain-based traceability services (hereafter, BBTS) to improve the traceability level of agricultural products. The investment rules concerning BBTS and the coordination rules in an AFSC are vital issues for many firms who want to adopt BBTS. To explore these laws, we constructed two competitive AFSCs, each of which included a supplier and a retailer. Considering the new changes in consumers’ perception of product quality and safety after using the BBTS, the demand function was modified. Then we built the income functions of chain members under three situations of investment. The research found that: (1) the improvement of customers’ perceived quality by using the BBTS can increase their benefits; (2) when decision-makers want to invest in the BBTS, they should pay attention to consumers’ perceived quality safety factor for their competitive products; (3) when the investment cost is greater than its threshold value, two competitive AFSCs should invest in the BBTS together.

Topic: Food Supply Chain Traceability
Subfield: Food Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
PENGARUH AL-SYATIBI TERHADAP EKONOMI ISLAM KONTEMPORER

This study aims to examine the relevance of Imam Abu Ishaq al-Syatibi's thoughts on Maqasid al-Syari'ah in the development of contemporary Islamic economics. Al-Syatibi divides Maqasid al-Syari'ah into three levels: dharuriyyat (basic needs), hajiyyat (additional needs), and tahsiniyyat (complementary needs), which encompass the five fundamental elements of human life: religion, life, intellect, lineage, and wealth. This study employs a qualitative approach using literature review methods to explore the influence of al-Syatibi's thought on economic policies, Islamic financial products, and the formulation of socially just policies. The research findings indicate that the application of Maqasid al-Syari'ah principles can enhance the well-being of the community through fair wealth distribution, productive zakat management, and the development of the Islamic financial sector. Al-Syatibi's thought is also relevant in formulating fiscal policies focused on social justice and poverty alleviation, as well as in addressing global economic challenges such as social inequality and environmental degradation.

Topic: Islamic Finance and Banking Studies
Subfield: Accounting
Field: Business, Management and Accounting
Domain: Social Sciences
Abstract 71: NEDD8-activating enzyme inhibitor MLN4924 reduces cell viability and induces apoptosis in chemoresistant cancer stem-like cells of human urothelial carcinomas <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i>

Abstract Emerging evidence indicates that cancer stem cells (CSCs) may play a crucial role in cancer tumorigenesis, metastasis, and drug resistance. To develop treatment to inhibit CSCs provides promising target for cancer therapy. In this study, we identified a subpopulation of chemoresistant cancer stem-like cells of UCs (T24/R) after chemotherapeutic drug selection from T24, a bladder UC cell line. The T24/R cells displayed stemness markers (SOX2, Nanog, and Kruppel-like factor 4), high tumorigenicity in vivo, and enhanced invasion ability because of their epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) properties. A neddylation inhibitor, MLN4924, efficiently inhibited viability and migration as well as induced apoptosis in the T24/R cells with concomitant suppression of stemness and EMT markers. Our findings suggest that MLN4924 effeiciently suppressed chemoresistant cancer stem-like UC cells and was a promising agent to conquer drug resistance in human bladder UCs. Citation Format: Shih-Ming Liao, Fu-Shun Hsu, Shao-Ping Yang, Yu-Wei Chang, Po-Ming Chow, Yeong-Shiau Pu, Yu-Chieh Tsai, Kuan-Lin Kuo, Kuo-How Huang. NEDD8-activating enzyme inhibitor MLN4924 reduces cell viability and induces apoptosis in chemoresistant cancer stem-like cells of human urothelial carcinomas in vitro and in vivo [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 71.

Topic: Ubiquitin and proteasome pathways
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Towards integrated tactile sensorimotor control in anthropomorphic soft\n robotic hands

In this work, we report on the integrated sensorimotor control of the\nPisa/IIT SoftHand, an anthropomorphic soft robot hand designed around the\nprinciple of adaptive synergies, with the BRL tactile fingertip (TacTip), a\nsoft biomimetic optical tactile sensor based on the human sense of touch. Our\nfocus is how a sense of touch can be used to control an anthropomorphic hand\nwith one degree of actuation, based on an integration that respects the hand's\nmechanical functionality. We consider: (i) closed-loop tactile control to\nestablish a light contact on an unknown held object, based on the structural\nsimilarity with an undeformed tactile image; and (ii) controlling the estimated\npose of an edge feature of a held object, using a convolutional neural network\napproach developed for controlling other sensors in the TacTip family. Overall,\nthis gives a foundation to endow soft robotic hands with human-like touch, with\nimplications for autonomous grasping, manipulation, human-robot interaction and\nprosthetics. Supplemental video: https://youtu.be/ndsxj659bkQ\n

Topic: Tactile and Sensory Interactions
Subfield: Cognitive Neuroscience
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences