jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Quarkonium in a non-ideal hot QCD Plasma

Substantial anisotropies should occur in the hot expanding QCD plasma produced in relativistic heavy-ion collisions due to non-vanishing shear viscosity. We discuss the form of the real-time, hard thermal loop resummed propagator for static gluons in the presence of such anisotropies and the consequences for quarkonium binding. It has been predicted that the propagator develops an imaginary part due to Landau damping at high temperature. This generates a much larger width of quarkonium states than the Appelquist-Politzer vacuum estimate corresponding to decay into three gluons. We argue that this might be observable in heavy-ion collisions as a suppression of the Upsilon(1S) --&gt; e+ e- process. Lastly, we consider the heavy quark (singlet) free energy just above the deconfinement temperature. In the "semi-QGP", F(R) at distances beyond 1/T is expected to be suppressed by 1/N as compared to an ideal plasma.

Topic: High-Energy Particle Collisions Research
Subfield: Nuclear and High Energy Physics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
An Unintended Consequence? The Impact of Higher Education Expansion on the Retake Rate of the College Entrance Examination

ABSTRACT High participation systems (HPS) of higher education (HE) are common throughout the world. The consequences of HE expansion has attracted enough academic attention; however, much less discussed is the impact of the HE expansion on retaking the college entrance examination. Drawing upon China's provincial panel data, a battery of econometric methods, and the effectively maintained inequality theory, this paper explores whether and how HE expansion influences the retake rate of college entrance examinations. Estimation results suggest that HE expansion leads to an increase in retake rates. For every unit increase in HE expansion intensity, the retake rate increases by 0.014 percentage points. This is an unintended impact of HE expansion on retake rates in the context of increased access to HE worldwide and an overall decline in retake rates worldwide. Above findings still hold after an array of robustness checks. This positive relationship is more prominent in provinces with more key higher education institutions (HEIs) than in provinces without key HEIs. This implies the diploma devaluation of ordinary HEIs might be one of the reasons for the increase in retake rates due to HE expansion. The findings of this paper will be informative for economies that have experienced HE expansion.

Topic: Higher Education Research Studies
Subfield: Education
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Aplastic Anemia With Concomitant Incidental Systemic Mastocytosis: Report of an Unusual Case

Aplastic anemia is characterized by multilineage cytopenias and bone marrow hypoplasia.In this process, mast cells are spared or increased in number.Previously reported cases of mastocytosis in the setting of aplastic anemia have lacked the diagnostic features of clonal mast cell proliferation.Current WHO criteria include a major criterion of multifocal dense infiltrates of mast cells (more/equal to 15 cells in aggregate), with one of the minor criteria: more than 25% of them having spindle-shaped or atypical morphology, detection of KIT mutation, expression of CD2 and/or CD25, and serum total tryptase greater than 20 ng/dL.We report an unusual case of aplastic anemia with concomitant incidental systemic mastocytosis.A previously healthy 51-year-old man presented with petechial rash of several weeks, WBC of 2,800/μL, hemoglobin of 6.1 g/dL, platelet count of 46,000/μL, and neutrophil count of 924/μL.Rash has spontaneously resolved.Bone marrow biopsy showed trilineage hypoplasia with overall cellularity less than 5%.Unexpectedly, biopsy showed 2 compact masts cell aggregates of greater than 15 cells each with atypical spindled morphology intermixed with small lymphocytes.Mast cells were positive for tryptase and CD2, fulfilling the diagnostic criteria for systemic mastocytosis.Systemic mastocytosis can present with cytopenias; however, overt marrow failure is described only secondary to extensive bone marrow infiltration or fibrosis.In the presented case, the mast cell aggregates were sparse and were found in the background of aplastic anemia.The significance of these 2 processes occurring concomitantly is unclear.However, the case illustrates that mastocytosis in the setting of aplastic anemia may represent a clonal mast cell process in rare cases.

Topic: Mast cells and histamine
Subfield: Immunology
Field: Immunology and Microbiology
Domain: Life Sciences
Apprentissage des langues et créativité: production orale en classe d'anglais

Creativity is often associated in the literature with the terms such as discovery, imagination, innovation or invention. The present article reflects on the creative learning and particularly in the context of foreign language learning. Being creative implies producing something new which is adapted to the situation and the teacher's requirements, while using own knowledge, experiences and imagination. During speaking, pupils move through different learning stages such as memorizing, reproducing expressions after models, improvising or addressing other pupils spontaneously. Using an example of the teaching practice (English lesson, primary school, Geneva), the present contribution reflects on these different stages and the questions of creativity

Topic: French Language Learning Methods
Subfield: Linguistics and Language
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
To prompt or not to prompt: Navigating the use of Large Language Models for integrating and modeling heterogeneous data

Manually integrating data of diverse formats and languages is vital to many artificial intelligence applications. However, the task itself remains challenging and time-consuming. This paper highlights the potential of Large Language Models (LLMs) to streamline data extraction and resolution processes. Our approach aims to address the ongoing challenge of integrating heterogeneous data sources, encouraging advancements in the field of data engineering. Applied on the specific use case of learning disorders in higher education, our research demonstrates LLMs' capability to effectively extract data from unstructured sources. It is then further highlighted that LLMs can enhance data integration by providing the ability to resolve entities originating from multiple data sources. Crucially, the paper underscores the necessity of preliminary data modeling decisions to ensure the success of such technological applications. By merging human expertise with LLM-driven automation, this study advocates for the further exploration of semi-autonomous data engineering pipelines.

Topic: Data Quality and Management
Subfield: Management Science and Operations Research
Field: Decision Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Distributed Submodular Maximization with Parallel Execution

The submodular maximization problem is widely applicable in many engineering problems where objectives exhibit diminishing returns. While this problem is known to be NP-hard for certain subclasses of objective functions, there is a greedy algorithm which guarantees approximation at least 1/2 of the optimal solution. This greedy algorithm can be implemented with a set of agents, each making a decision sequentially based on the choices of all prior agents. In this paper, we consider a generalization of the greedy algorithm in which agents can make decisions in parallel, rather than strictly in sequence. In particular, we are interested in partitioning the agents, where a set of agents in the partition all make a decision simultaneously based on the choices of prior agents, so that the algorithm terminates in limited iterations. We provide bounds on the performance of this parallelized version of the greedy algorithm and show that dividing the agents evenly among the sets in the partition yields an optimal structure. It is shown that such optimal structures holds even under very relaxed information constraints. We additionally show that this optimal structure is still near-optimal, even when additional information (i.e., total curvature) is known about the objective function.

Topic: Complexity and Algorithms in Graphs
Subfield: Computational Theory and Mathematics
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
MELISSOPALYNOLOGY ANALYSIS, PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES, MULTI-ELEMENT CONTENT AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF HONEY SAMPLES COLLECTED FROM BAYBURT, TURKEY

The aim of this study was to determine the plant sources, physicochemical properties, element content and antimicrobial effects of honey samples collected from 10 different regions of the province of Bayburt, Turkey. The melissopalynological analyses showed that the pollen samples of 67 plant taxa belonging to 34 plant families in honey samples were found in different rates and TPS-10 value was found between 16024-90126. In addition to these, the amount of ash was between 0.13% -0.32%, the electrical conductivity value was between 0.36-0.69 mS/cm, the moisture content was between 16.1% and 18.9% and the fructose/glucose ratio was between 0.92-1.18. As a result of physicochemical analysis, it was determined that the data obtained were in compliance with the standard values defined in the Turkish Food Codex (No: 2012/58). Elemental analyzes performed with ICP-MS showed that the K element was the highest (261.34-1863.05 mg/kg) in all honey samples in total among 42 elements. In addition to these, the antimicrobial effects of honey samples and minimum inhibition concentration values (MIC) were determined by agar well diffusion (AWD) method and microbroth dilution method respectively.

Topic: Bee Products Chemical Analysis
Subfield: Insect Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Perhitungan Resolusi Temporal Sistem SAR Satelit Mikro Melalui Simulasi Temporal Resolution Calculation Of Micro Satellite SAR System Via Simulation

Resolusi temporal merupakan salah satu aspek yang menggambarkan kinerja satelit dengan misi penginderaan jauh, termasuk satelit mikro dengan muatan sistem SAR (synthetic aperture Radar) dengan antena berjenis parabola. Akibat memiliki keterbatasan ukuran dimensi dan massanya, satelit mikro memiliki ketersediaan daya yang terbatas pula. Dengan demikian, waktu pengoperasian sistem SAR akan berkaitan dengan ketersediaan intensitas cahaya matahari yang diterima oleh satelit. Hal ini menyebabkan intensitas cahaya matahari tersebut menjadi syarat dalam menghitung resolusi temporal sistem SAR satelit mikro. Makalah ini membahas perhitungan resolusi temporal dengan pendekatan simulasi dengan melibatkan kondisi intensitas cahaya matahari yang diterima oleh satelit. Simulasi dilakukan dengan studi kasus orbit satelit ALOS-2, area target sekitar Pontianak dan dua nilai parameter sistem SAR, yaitu sudut tengok -260 dan +260 . Berdasarkan data hasil simulasi, untuk kedua nilai sudut tengok tersebut, banyaknya revisit, dengan syarat intensitas cahaya matahari tadi, tidak memiliki selisih yang jauh berbeda. Namun, bila ditinjau lebih rinci, sistem SAR dengan sudut tengok = -260 memiliki nilai resolusi temporal jauh lebih baik. Selanjutnya, apabila satelit mikro dapat mengoperasikan sistem SAR dengan dua sudut tengok tersebut, maka nilai resolusi temporal yang terjadi akan menjadi lebih baik secara signifikan.

Topic: Spacecraft Design and Technology
Subfield: Aerospace Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Sustaining health: the role of BRAC's community health volunteers in Bangladesh, Afghanistan and Uganda

This study fills an important gap in current understanding about a critical aspect of&#13;\nBRAG's health programmes - the financial sustainability of the community health&#13;\nvolunteers (commonly referred to as Shasthya Shebikas in Bangladesh) that are the&#13;\ncornerstone of BRAG's health programmes. Shasthya Shebikas (SS) are a cadre of&#13;\nfemale volunteers that are recruited and trained by BRAG to provide a range of&#13;\nessential healthcare services to their communities. What is unique about BRAG's&#13;\napproach is that, while these women can be considered volunteers they do not&#13;\nreceive a salary or monthly stipend, they are provided with financial incentives on the&#13;\nsale of basic medicines and selected health commodities to their community. This&#13;\nsets BRAG apart from other health programmes that rely on either entirely salaried or&#13;\nvolunteer cadres of community health workers (GHW) and raises important questions&#13;\nabout the financial and programmatic sustainability and replicability of BRAG's&#13;\napproach.&#13;\nGHWs like the SSs play a crucial role in terms of human resources for health in&#13;\nBangladesh and other countries. The 2007 Bangladesh Health Watch reports a&#13;\nshortage of 800,000 health workers in Bangladesh. Relying on formal institutions to&#13;\ntrain health workers requires significant time and financial investment, therefore, the&#13;\nSSs can be a critical and cost-effective input into the provision of essential health&#13;\nservices in Bangladesh. BRAG was among the first organization to set up a&#13;\ncommunity health volunteer (GHV) programme in Bangladesh in the 1970s. Its&#13;\noriginal GHV programme recruited and trained male paramedics to treat minor illness&#13;\nfor which they received a small fee for referrals. Lessons from BRAG's early GHV&#13;\nexperience included issues related to remuneration, supervision and accountability.&#13;\nBRAG addressed these issues by recruiting and training cadres of female health&#13;\nvolunteers. Since then, BRAG has adapted and revised the programme in response&#13;\nto programmatic and community needs and has effectively scaled up the&#13;\nprogramme from 1,080 SSs in 1990 to 80,000 SSs operating in 64 districts in&#13;\nBangladesh today. The SSs are an impressive force in terms of their numbers,&#13;\ngeographic coverage, and quick mobilization. The 80,000 SSs provide home visits to&#13;\n18 million households every month (BRAG 2009).&#13;\nThe BRAG Health Programme operating model clearly relies on the successful&#13;\nrecruitment. training, and retention of female GHVs. The rationale for BRAG's&#13;\napproach is that community-based financial incentives of a volunteer community&#13;\nhealth workforce can achieve wide programme coverage and respond to community&#13;\nessential healthcare needs while providing income opportunities to its female&#13;\nvolunteers.

Topic: Global Maternal and Child Health
Subfield: Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Fauna of Horseflies (Diptera, Tabanidae) of the South of the Middle Russian Forest-Steppe and Adjoining Steppe Territories

The available data on horsefl ies of the south of the Middle Russian forest-steppe and adjoining steppe territories within Belgorod and Voronezh provinces of Russia and Kharkov Province of Ukraine are summarized, analyzed, and clarified

Topic: Insect and Pesticide Research
Subfield: Insect Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Generalized seismicity window and its application in tracing the developmental process of precursory anomalies

A concept of generalized seismicity window has been suggested. Investigations have been made within various generalized seismicity-windows to stress local tectonic features. A method of dividing generalized seismicity windows has been proposed on the basis of the average value of earthquake frequency for many years. 45 generalized seismicity windows have been identified in the eastern China. They have obvious tectonic implications. Based on some existing seismicity parameter a relative index f has been proposed to eliminate the influences of local differences and temporal fluctuations of the seismicity, thus enhance our ability to draw more information from the original seismicity parameter. Using the seismicity index A(b) to form a relative index f A(b) , a method of multi window anomaly combination plot combining the three dimensional information of anomalies in time and space has been proposed to trace the developmental process of anomalies. The results show that migration phenomenon of anomalies exists prior to the mainshock, that is, anomalies appear successively in a number of generalized seismicity windows. Advances of strain waves are tentatively considered as the physical nature of this phenomenon.

Topic: Seismology and Earthquake Studies
Subfield: Artificial Intelligence
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
The Effect of Solid-State Fermentation on the Nutritive Value of Rapeseed Cakes and Performance of Broiler Chickens

This study aimed to assess the applicability of eleven different products of solid-state fermentation of rapeseed cakes with commercial enzyme additives. Ground rapeseed cakes were mixed with water (1:2) and the enzymatic preparation (0.1%) according to the different variants and fermented at 25 °C for 24 h under anaerobic conditions. For fermentation, different enzymes were used: (1) α-amylase, (2) endo 1,4-β-xylanase, (3) endo-1,3(4)β-glucanase, (4) endo 1,4-β-xylanase, endo-1,3(4)β-glucanase, (5) α-amylase, endo-1,3(4)β-glucanase, (6) 6-phytase, (7) RONOZYME HiPhos 6-phytase, (8) liquid exogenous-6-phytase; and mixed combinations: (9) endo 1,4-β-xylanase, endo-1,3(4)β-glucanase, liquid exogenous-6-phytase, (10) α-amylase, endo-1,3(4)β-glucanase, liquid exogenous-6-phytase, and (11) α-amylase, endo 1,4-β-xylanase, endo-1,3(4)β-glucanase, liquid exogenous-6-phytase. After fermentation, the crude protein content in the products was similar, but the true protein content was significantly higher than in nonfermented rapeseed cakes (p &lt; 0.05). Fermentation significantly reduced (p &lt; 0.05) the levels of phytate phosphorous, raffinose family oligosaccharides, and glucosinolates in the products. In the next step, the most advantageous fermentation product obtained using liquid exogenous-6-phytase was selected in terms of nutritional value, produced on the technical scale, and incorporated into the diets for broilers. Six diets containing 12, 17, or 22% raw or fermented rapeseed cakes, respectively, were prepared. Up to 22% fermented rapeseed cakes did not adversely affect broiler production rates. Replacing raw rapeseed cakes with fermented products improved body weight gain in the grower phase, lowered feed intake in the finisher phase, and lowered the feed conversion ratio in all periods. A level of 22% of naturally fermented rapeseed cakes with liquid exogenous-6-phytase in the diet of broilers could be recommended.

Topic: Phytase and its Applications
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Railroads: Power of Interstate Commerce Commission to Order Extensions

After due hearing upon a complaint filed by the Public Service Commission of Oregon asserting a failure to provide adequate transportation facilities to a large and unexploited area within that State, the Interstate Commerce Commission found that public necessity and convenience required the construction of a connecting line 185 miles in length. The Commission also found that the proposed extension, adding 1.2 per cent to the existing mileage of the Union Pacific system and costing approximately $10,000,000, would not seriously affect the ability of that organization adequately to serve the public; and that though the venture might not be profitable at first, it would ultimately prove to be a remunerative investment. Upon a petition to set aside and annul the order, the Court held, three judges dissenting, that the Commission had power to order only those extensions within the original undertaking of the carrier to serve. Interstate Commerce Commission v. Oregon-Washington R. R. &amp; Navigation Co., (U.S. 1933) 53 Sup. Ct. 266.

Topic: Transport and Economic Policies
Subfield: Strategy and Management
Field: Business, Management and Accounting
Domain: Social Sciences
Artificial Intelligence in Total Ankle Arthroplasty—What does the Future Hold: A Narrative Review

Aim and background: Artificial intelligence (AI) has seen increased research interest in orthopedics, especially in total hip arthroplasty (THA) and total knee arthroplasty (TKA). However, there remains a gap in studies focused on AI applications in total ankle arthroplasty (TAA). This review addresses the question of applications of AI in TAA and explores the potential integration of AI to improve surgical precision, postoperative care, and training. Methods: A comprehensive literature search was performed across Medline, EMBASE, and Web of Science before 26th January 2024, from inception. The inclusion criteria consisted of studies with level I–V evidence that discussed the use of AI in the context of TAA. This comprehensive approach was to ensure that any available data on the subject could be captured. The exclusion criteria were as follows: (1) articles not published in English and (2) not available in full text. Due to limited direct evidence, additional insights were derived from AI applications in other arthroplasty types. Results: The search identified 309 articles, of which two directly addressed AI in TAA. A manual search extrapolated five key potential applications of AI in TAA: (1) personalized implant design using ankle kinematics, (2) enhanced postoperative monitoring <i>via</i> wearable sensors, (3) improved diagnostic accuracy through AI-driven radiographic analysis, (4) VR-based AI-enhanced surgical training, and (5) patient empowerment <i>via</i> AI-based decision support tools. Conclusion: AI integration in TAA holds significant promise for improving surgical outcomes, rehabilitation, and education. While many applications remain theoretical, further validation could realize their potential in enhancing patient care. Clinical significance: AI-driven innovations may lead to improved implant design, more effective rehabilitation, and greater patient engagement, ultimately optimizing outcomes for TAA patients as the field evolves. How to cite this article: Ha J, Park JY, Cheung JA, <i>et al.</i> Artificial Intelligence in Total Ankle Arthroplasty—What does the Future Hold: A Narrative Review. J Foot Ankle Surg (Asia-Pacific) 2025;12(4):181–185.

Topic: Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education
Subfield: Health Informatics
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Ubiquitination of gasdermin D N-terminal domain directs its membrane translocation and pore formation during pyroptosis

<title>Abstract</title> Gasdermin D (GSDMD) is a critical mediator of pyroptosis, which consists of a N-terminal pore-forming domain and a C-terminal autoinhibitory domain. The free N-terminal domain (GD-NT), which is released through caspase-1/11 cleavage, exhibits distinct features from the full-length GSDMD (GD-FL), including oligomerization, membrane translocation and pore-formation. However, the underlying mechanisms are not well clarified. Here, we found that GD-NT, but GD-FL, was massively ubiquitinated in cells. The K63-linked polyubiquitination of GD-NT at Lys236/237 (human/mouse), catalyzed by TRAF1, directly its membrane translocation and pore-formation during pyroptosis. Inhibition of GD-NT ubiquitination via site mutation or the UBA1 inhibitor PYR-41 suppressed cell death in several pyroptosis cell models. Additionally, the application of PYR-41 in septic mice efficiently suppressed the release of IL-18 and TNF-⍺. Thus, GD-NT ubiquitination is a key regulatory mechanism controlling its membrane localization and activation, which may provide a novel target for modulating immune activity in pyroptosis-related diseases.

Topic: Inflammasome and immune disorders
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences