jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
The low regularity global solutions for the critical generalized KdV equation

We prove that the Cauchy problem of the mass-critical generalized KdV\nequation is globally well-posed in Sobolev spaces $H^s(\\R)$ for $s&gt;6/13$. Of\ncourse, we require that the mass is strictly less than that of the ground state\nin the focusing case. The main approach is the "I-method" together with the\nmultilinear correction analysis. Moreover, we use some "partially refined"\nargument to lower the upper control of the multiplier in the resonant\ninteractions. The result improves the previous works of Fonseca, Linares, Ponce\n(2003) and Farah (2009).\n

Topic: Advanced Mathematical Physics Problems
Subfield: Mathematical Physics
Field: Mathematics
Domain: Physical Sciences
Fluid and Virtual Teams

Numerous contemporary work teams encompass both virtuality, marked by geographically dispersed members relying on technology for communication, and fluidity, involving the rapid assembly of members with limited prior experience for immediate, time-sensitive tasks. Instances include global virtual teams, military command and control teams, and similar contexts in which rapidly assembled distributed teams are prevalent. However, research on fluid virtual teams remains scarce. In this article, we expound upon the concept of team fluidity, explain how fluid virtual contexts influence team dynamics, and explore the implications for effectively supporting fluid virtual teams.

Topic: Team Dynamics and Performance
Subfield: Social Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
The Evaluation of Patient, Provider and Organizational Outcomes Following the Implementation of a Chest Pain Unit

Abstract In February 2013, a new Chest Pain Unit (CPU) opened in a 238 bed community hospital in the Mid-Atlantic region. The purpose of this Capstone project was to evaluate patient, provider and organizational outcomes associated with the implementation of this new unit as compared to routine care. Selected outcomes were compared for those patients treated in the CPU (n=30) and those patients (n=30) who were treated on the Routine Care Unit (RCU) during a 90 day timeframe. Statistically significant differences were found between the ages of each population. Troponin testing trended toward a reduction in the time interval between tests when performed in the CPU as compared to RCU. The overall length of stay also displayed a trend toward improvement for patients in the CPU. Insurance payments were found to be higher for CPU patients. There were no differences in clinical outcomes between the groups as measured by readmissions. Patient satisfaction with care in the CPU was also reviewed. Findings in this evaluation indicated trends toward improvement for all variables studied and further investigation of these initial findings is indicated to determine if statistically significant differences may exist when comparing the total population of low risk chest pain patients in each location over an extended timeframe. Keywords: chest pain unit, patient outcomes, effectiveness, efficiency

Topic: Emergency and Acute Care Studies
Subfield: Emergency Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Tidal Marsh Susceptibility to Sea-Level Rise: Importance of Local-Scale Models

Abstract Increasing concern over sea-level rise impacts to coastal tidal marsh ecosystems has led to modeling efforts to anticipate outcomes for resource management decision making. Few studies on the Pacific coast of North America have modeled sea-level rise marsh susceptibility at a scale relevant to local wildlife populations and plant communities. Here, we use a novel approach in developing an empirical sea-level rise ecological response model that can be applied to key management questions. Calculated elevation change over 13 y for a 324-ha portion of San Pablo Bay National Wildlife Refuge, California, USA, was used to represent local accretion and subsidence processes. Next, we coupled detailed plant community and elevation surveys with measured rates of inundation frequency to model marsh state changes to 2100. By grouping plant communities into low, mid, and high marsh habitats, we were able to assess wildlife species vulnerability and to better understand outcomes for habitat resiliency. Starting study-site conditions were comprised of 78% (253-ha) high marsh, 7% (30-ha) mid marsh, and 4% (18-ha) low marsh habitats, dominated by pickleweed Sarcocornia pacifica and cordgrass Spartina spp. Only under the low sea-level rise scenario (44 cm by 2100) did our models show persistence of some marsh habitats to 2100, with the area dominated by low marsh habitats. Under mid (93 cm by 2100) and high sea-level rise scenarios (166 cm by 2100), most mid and high marsh habitat was lost by 2070, with only 15% (65 ha) remaining, and a complete loss of these habitats by 2080. Low marsh habitat increased temporarily under all three sea-level rise scenarios, with the peak (286 ha) in 2070, adding habitat for the endemic endangered California Ridgway’s rail Rallus obsoletus obsoletus. Under mid and high sea-level rise scenarios, an almost complete conversion to mudflat occurred, with most of the area below mean sea level. Our modeling assumed no marsh migration upslope due to human levee and infrastructure preventing these types of processes. Other modeling efforts done for this area have projected marsh persistence to 2100, but our modeling effort with site-specific datasets allowed us to model at a finer resolution with much higher local confidence, resulting in different results for management. Our results suggest that projected sea-level rise will have significant impacts on marsh plant communities and obligate wildlife, including those already under federal and state protection. Comprehensive modeling as done here improves the potential to implement adaptive management strategies and prevent marsh habitat and wildlife loss in the future.

Topic: Coastal wetland ecosystem dynamics
Subfield: Ecology
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Biembeddings of Metacyclic Groups and Triangulations of Orientable Surfaces by Complete Graphs

For each integer $n\ge 3$, $n\ne 4$, for each odd integer $m\ge 3$, and for any $\lambda\in\Bbb Z_n$ of (multiplicative) order $m'$ where $m'\mid m$, we construct a biembedding of Latin squares in which one of the squares is the Cayley table of the metacyclic group $\mathbb{Z}_m\ltimes_{\lambda}\mathbb{Z}_n$. This extends the spectrum of Latin squares known to be biembeddable.The best existing lower bounds for the number of triangular embeddings of a complete graph $K_z$ in an orientable surface are of the form $z^{z^2(a-o(1))}$ for suitable positive constants $a$ and for restricted infinite classes of $z$. Using embeddings of $\mathbb{Z}_3\ltimes_{\lambda}\mathbb{Z}_n$, we extend this lower bound to a substantially larger class of values of $z$.

Topic: graph theory and CDMA systems
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Investigation of the Effect of Ultrasonic Treatment on The High-Viscosity Oil from Yarega Field In Komi Republic (Russian Federation)

The present work is devoted to experimental research of physical fields influence on rheological characteristics of heavy oil from Timan-Pechora region was study different types of exposure (ultrasound, magnetic field, pulsed magnetic transducer) on high-viscosity oil. Was described all used unit in work and shown figures about viscosity change after each one of fields and mix. In the end was made conclusions about better way to decrease the parameters of heavy oil viscosity.

Topic: Petroleum Processing and Analysis
Subfield: Analytical Chemistry
Field: Chemistry
Domain: Physical Sciences
Learning from unsuccessful radio tagging of common carp in a Namibian reservoir

Radio tagged common carp Cyprinus carpio in a Namibian reservoir, where this species has been introduced, experienced 100% mortality or tag loss ( n = 13) with surgically implanted transmitters and 100% survival ( n = 5) with externally attached transmitters at water temperatures of 24–25° C. It seems that the negative effects of the tagging were greater for surgical implantation than for external attachment. The body shape of common carp make them well suited for external tagging, and this tagging method is recommended for common carp studies at high water temperatures or under other stressful conditions.

Topic: Fish Ecology and Management Studies
Subfield: Nature and Landscape Conservation
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
INVESTIGATIONS OF PEOPLE PERCEPTION ON DOMESTIC WATER SUPPLY SITUATIONS IN KANO METROPOLIS NORTHWESTERN, NIGERIA

The problem of portable water supply has become an issue of global concerned as governments all over the world are trying to make house-holds water accessible to all as easier as possible to meet the challenges for sustainable development goals. This research has been conducted to determine the people’s perception on domestic water supply situation in Kano metropolis, Northwestern Nigeria. A self-designed questionnaire developed and distributed to the subjects using stratified sampling technique, and the data obtained has been presented in frequency and percentage. The results obtained revealed that, there is a scarcity of portable water supply to households in Kano metropolis. The problem emanated from lack of pipe-borne water which necessitated the dependence of the house-holds water supply on vendors that obtained water from boreholes and some hand-dug wells lacking proper hygienic practices. More so, the respondents were willing to pay for pipe borne water delivery, yet, they depend on vendors as their major water suppliers as alternatives. The unhygienic practices of the vendors and water sources posed threat to public health concerned.

Topic: Child Nutrition and Water Access
Subfield: Nutrition and Dietetics
Field: Nursing
Domain: Health Sciences
Evaluation of wear mechanisms in additive manufactured carbide-rich tool steels

Data supporting the study 'Evaluation of wear mechanisms in additive manufactured carbide-rich tool steels' Iakovakis et al. (2020). The dataset contains the macro-hardness and friction values, the x,y,z coordinates from profilometry and the videos from the in-situ scratch wear tests of three additive manufactured carbide-rich tool steels, Vibenite®150, Vibenite®280 and Vibenite®290. Macro-hardness measurement files(Vibenite 150/280/290 30 meas macro hardness.csv): The .csv files report the macro hardness for 30 measurements. Reciprocating tests files (Vibenite 150/280/290 cof.csv): The .csv report the parameters of the reciprocating dry wear tests and the friction forces. Profilometry measurements files (Vibenite 150/280/290 profilometry.dat): The .dat files report the x,y,z coordinates of the wear track from the reciprocating tests. Videos from in-situ scratch wear tests(Vibenite 150/280/290 100 passes.avi): The .avi files show the surface degradation effects during the scratch wear test.The sequence of scanning electron microscopy images were registered with ImageJ to generate a video.

Topic: Additive Manufacturing Materials and Processes
Subfield: Mechanical Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Benjamin B., Haycocks H. W. — The Analysis of Mortality and other Actuarial Statistics

Pr. R. Benjamin B., Haycocks H. W. — The Analysis of Mortality and other Actuarial Statistics. In: Population, 26ᵉ année, n°5, 1971. p. 976.

Topic: Insurance, Mortality, Demography, Risk Management
Subfield: Demography
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
A Case Study of Digital Twin for Greenhouse Horticulture Production Flow

Greenhouse horticulture production is associated with high uncertainty and a long learning process due to its high dependency on the outdoor &amp; indoor environment and plant types. Digital Twin (DT) technology enables a faster understanding of greenhouse horticulture facilities, obtaining insight into the production process flow and investigating the consequences of production decisions. However, no digital twin has been developed in this field due to the complexity of greenhouse production. Therefore, this paper presents a case study of a DT development for a Danish greenhouse production flow using multi-method modeling and multi-agent simulation. The results show that the developed DT can accurately represent the greenhouse production process and estimate the plant growth state with an absolute error of 0.31 days compared to the observed production. Furthermore, the developed DT can accurately predict deviations to the plant growth state corresponding to previously observed behavior at the facility. To capture the greenhouse production process flow at the top-level greenhouse DT agent, the underlying physical agents developed included: compartments, growth climate, conveyors, staff, tables, plants, soil machine, table loading, and packing station as well as the packing station. Lastly, the developed DT method supports agent re-usability for other case studies.

Topic: Digital Transformation in Industry
Subfield: Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Frequency domain design of reduced order observer based H ∞ controllers - a polynomial approach

In this paper a frequency domain solution of the singular H X control problem, where s of the m measurements y ( t ) of the plant are not affected by disturbances, is considered. By applying the polynomial approach to the parameterization of state feedback and of reduced order observers the singular H X control problem is solved for a-n n th order plant using a frequency domain representation of a reduced order observer based H X controller of order n- s . This output feedback controller is directly calculated in the frequency domain by first solving the H X state feedback problem and then solving the singular H X filtering problem for a modified system model, which involves the J -spectral factorization of two polynomial matrix equations. The results presented are obtained by considering the time domain solution first providing good insight in the relations between the time and frequency domain approach to the solution of the singular H X control problem using reduced order observer based controllers.

Topic: Stability and Control of Uncertain Systems
Subfield: Control and Systems Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Potential Impact of PCB's on Bluefish, Pomatomus saltatrix, Management

Since 1979, anglers along the U.S. Atlantic coast have landed by weight more bluefish, Pomatomus saltatrix, than any other marine species. A fishery management plan has been developed jointly by three fishery management councils and the Atlantic States Marine Fisheries Commission to preserve the bluefish resource. Major objectives of the plan include prevention of recruitment overfishing and reduction in waste of bluefish. In 1985, a Federal survey found PCB concentrations in larger bluefish (over 500 mm fork length) that exceeded the U.S. Food and Drug Administration tolerance level of 2 parts per million. Harvest strategies are presented in this article to protect the reproductive capability of bluefish while minimizing human health risks associated with dietary intake of PCB's.

Topic: Aquaculture Nutrition and Growth
Subfield: Aquatic Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
CCDC 609171: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.

Topic: Crystallization and Solubility Studies
Subfield: Materials Chemistry
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
The State's Duty to Foster Voter Competence

Abstract In this paper we discuss an often-neglected topic in the literature on the ethics of voting. Our aim is to provide an account of what states are obligated to do, so that voters may fulfil their role as public decision-makers in an epistemically competent manner. We argue that the state ought to provide voters with what we call a substantive opportunity for competence. This entails that the state ought to actively foster the epistemic capabilities that are necessary to achieve competent participation in political decision-making practices.

Topic: Political Philosophy and Ethics
Subfield: Political Science and International Relations
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Did the American Psychological Association Misrepresent Scientific Material to the Us Supreme Court?

On January 31, 1986, the American Psychological Association (APA) filed an amicus curiae brief with the US Supreme Court favoring constitutional protection for consensual sodomy. The APA claimed that: (1) the Bell, Weinberg, and Hammersmith survey found that “62% of heterosexual men reported that their first sexual experience was with another male; 39% of homosexual men reported such experience,” (2) “data do not support” a linkage between childhood homosexual activity and sexual orientation, and (3) “there are no empirical data to support the popular myth that homosexual orientation or behavior results from ‘contagion’ by other homosexuals.” It is judged that, in violation of standards for scientific reporting, the Bell, et al. finding was pulled out of context so that it favored the APA position, and the studies the APA cited in this section of the brief were either contrary to, nonsupportive of, or did not bear upon the APA's contentions. Professional scientific organizations have a special obligation to (a) be accurate in representations to the US Supreme Court and (b) adhere to accepted standards of scholarship in their use of citations.

Topic: LGBTQ Health, Identity, and Policy
Subfield: Social Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
To sling or not to sling? Impact of intraoperative sling procedures during radical prostatectomy on postoperative continence outcomes: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Abstract Purpose This systematic review and meta‐analysis investigates the efficacy of intraoperative sling procedures in reducing postprostatectomy urinary incontinence compared to having no slings. Methods A comprehensive search of PubMed, Medline, Embase, and the Cochrane library from inception to November 2020 was performed. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool for randomized studies and Newcastle‐Ottawa Scale for nonrandomized studies. The GRADE approach was used for critical appraisal of evidences and meta‐analyses were conducted using random‐effects models. Results Ten studies were included (n = 1,447). Quality of evidence ranged from moderate to very low. Sling procedure was generally favorable for short‐term continence outcomes, although discrepancies exist due to variability in continence definition. Sling procedure resulted in reduced urinary pad weight at 1 month postoperatively (MD: 21.55; 95%CI: 12.58 to 30.52). Patient‐reported questionnaires were also favorable for the sling group for up to 3 months (IPSS; (MD: 1.44; 95%CI: 0.14 to 2.74), ICIQ‐SF; (MD: 2.25; 95%CI: 1.26 to 3.24), EPIC‐U; (MD: 5.30; 95%CI: 1.12 to 9.39)) postoperatively. Sling procedure improved the number of continent patients at 1 month with continence definition of zero pad use/day (RR:1.41; 95%CI: 1.10 to 1.83) but not with the definition of ≤ 1pad/day. Similarly, it reduced the time to continence with the ≤ 1 pad/day definition (MD: 0.5; 95%CI: 0.1 to 0.9) but not with the zero pad/day definition. Conclusion The current literature suggests that intraoperative sling procedures during radical prostatectomy may promote early return of continence compared to having no sling, however, there are no long‐term differences.

Topic: Prostate Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment
Subfield: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Friction Properties and Surface Observation By Surface Processing on High Strength Gels

We measured the friction forces and calculated the friction coefficients of non-processed and laser-processed High Strength gel surfaces. The results indicate that laser processing (finishing) has an ability to reduce the friction coefficients. The observation of gel surfaces suggests that the cause of friction reduction is change in roughness of gel surfaces due to laser processing. This finding is expected to lead us to further understanding of physicochemical properties of hydrogels. We showed the low-friction processing technique. We demonstrated that the laser processing has an ability to reduce the friction of hydrogel surfaces. The results of microscopic observations suggest that the cause of friction reduction is decrease in apparent contact area between hydrogel surface and glass ball. This technique may lead us to next step in the fields of physics, physical chemistry, and medical applications.

Topic: Adhesion, Friction, and Surface Interactions
Subfield: Mechanics of Materials
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Proton nuclear magnetic resonance investigation of the nature of solution conformational equilibriums of monomeric insect deoxyhemoglobins

The proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectra of the three monomeric deoxyhemoglobins of the insect larva Chironomus thummi thummi have been recorded, assigned, and analyzed. In the two allosteric hemoglobins, the heme methyls and vinyl protons were assigned by specific deuterium labeling. The hyperfine-shifted proximal histidyl imidazole exchangeable protons for the three native and two deuteroheme-reconstituted hemoglobins were assigned by comparison of spectra in H2O and 2H2O. Both native and reconstituted allosteric hemoglobins exhibit two sets of interconvertible resonances indicative of two heme orientations differing by a 180 degrees rotation about the alpha-gamma-meso axis, as previously found for the met-cyano analogues [La Mar, G. N., Smith, K. M., Gersonde, K., Sick, H., & Overkamp, M. (1980) J. Biol. Chem. 255, 66]. The relative pH sensitivities of the heme resonance hyperfine shifts for the two allosteric hemoglobins and the apparent pK approximately 8 indicate that the t in equilibrium r allosteric transition, as modulated by the Bohr proton, is being observed. For the native hemoglobins, the t in equilibrium r conformational transition was found to be centered at the heme periphery, with the proximal histidyl imidazole environment insensitive to both pH and the rotational position of the heme, consistent with the absence of a pH influence on the ligation on-rate. For the deuteroheme-reconstituted allosteric hemoglobins, both the heme and axial imidazole environments sense the t in equilibrium r transition, and the histidine environments for the two components for each hemoglobin can be clearly distinguished, suggesting that the ligation on-rates may depend on both pH and heme orientation.

Topic: Hemoglobin structure and function
Subfield: Cell Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences