jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
A27 Lipid metabolism modulates polyglutamine-induced toxicity phenotypes though proteostasis in C. elegans

<h3>Introduction</h3> Huntington disease (HD) is a rare neurodegenerative disorder caused by an expansion of CAG triplets in the huntingtin gene. Mutant huntingtin has a polyglutamine (polyQ) track which makes it prone-to-aggregation. HD patients present motor symptoms, cognitive impairment, and psychological deterioration. Moreover, they experience lipidic dysregulation, resulting in weight loss. Results previously obtained in our laboratory using C. elegans HD models revealed that some molecules involved in fat metabolism (fat-6/SCD5, nhr-80/HNF4 etc.) have an impact on proteostasis altering PolyQ aggregation patterns, possibly through pathways such as autophagy and oxidative stress response. Fat-6, a stearoyl-CoA-9-desaturase, is activated by nhr-80 and has a role in the lipid biosynthesis pathway in worms catalysing the desaturation of stearic acid (C18:0) into oleic acid (C18:1). These lipids and their metabolism are key factors to a wide range of cellular processes involved in health maintenance. <h3>Aim</h3> We aim to evaluate how lipid metabolism intermediators modulate polyQs-induced toxicity phenotypes. <h3>Methods</h3> We used genetics and cell signalling techniques to evaluate aggregation, toxicity, oxidative stress, and behavioural phenotypes. <h3>Results</h3> Ablation of fat-6 enhances polyQs aggregation in muscle cells and neurons, and it has a negative impact on motor responses. Surprisingly, loss of nhr-80 induced the contrary effect on both scenarios, which suggest a complex network of regulation. <h3>Conclusions</h3> We show that lipid metabolism mediators, (i.e. fat-6 and nhr-80), have an impact on polyQ-induced toxicity phenotypes. Since fats regulate proteostais through autophagy and other processes, we suggest these pathways may have a role on polyQ related diseases and may be potentials targets for treatment.

Topic: Genetic Neurodegenerative Diseases
Subfield: Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences
Prediction of COVID-19 with Supervised Regression Algorithm Through Minimum Variance Unbiased Estimator

Introduction: COVID-19 is found as an irresistible sickness pandemic that has carried uncommon difficulties to worldwide networks across open and private sectors.Data processing and creating awareness is the important tool that implements the powerful actions to mitigate the spread of covid-19.Objective: To develop a supervised regression algorithm with minimum variance unbiased estimator which could the data on daily basis to assure the safety movement in post-covid-19.Based on the number of infected cases, the data will be trained for better prediction to create awareness for the public in the safety movement. Methods:The proposed supervised regression algorithm was able to model the relationship between the number of cases registered and a continuous target variable.By optimizing the error rate, the training algorithm was fine-tuned and the prediction was able to closely approximate the actual values.The proposed method was compared with other methods like Linear Regression, Logistic Regression and Supporting Vector machine (SVM).Results: Simulation results proved that the proposed supervised regression with minimum variance unbiased estimation provides better prediction when compared to the other methods. Conclusion:An attempt was made to predict the number of cases by a suitable regression algorithm and the prediction was compared with other regression algorithms.The algorithm was able to predict the infections rates and death count with the least error when provided with training data.This data purely depends on the lockdown implementations, movement of people without restrictions and the lack of awareness to face this pandemic situation.In future, the aspects can also be incorporated into the model for a better and accurate prediction.

Topic: Stock Market Forecasting Methods
Subfield: Management Science and Operations Research
Field: Decision Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Understanding the Behavior of Gas Sensors Using Explainable AI

Exposure to pollutants like ozone and nitrogen dioxide gas can cause serious health issues and harm the environment. Therefore, the interest in air quality and its impact on health and well-being has been steadily increasing over the years, making low-cost gas sensing devices combined with artificial intelligence (AI) increasingly popular due to their flexibility and small form factor. While AI provides state-of-the-art performance, it makes the system less transparent and more difficult to trust its decisions. With the aid of three different approaches, this paper seeks to understand and explain the predictions made by complex models for gas sensors. The use of such techniques can increase our confidence in the AI systems embedded in our products in terms of fairness, or impartiality, and robustness, or reliability. This also improves our understanding of sensor behavior and provides a more robust explanation for algorithmic choices.

Topic: Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI)
Subfield: Artificial Intelligence
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
2-Bromo-5-methoxybenzohydrazide

In the title compound, C 8 H 9 BrN 2 O 2 , the amide bond is in a cis configuation. The N—N—C=O group is planar [torsion angle 0.6 (6)°] and forms a dihedral angle of 46.4 (2)° with the aromatic ring. The crystal packing is stabilized by two strong and one rather weak N—H...O hydrogen bonds.

Topic: Crystal structures of chemical compounds
Subfield: Inorganic Chemistry
Field: Chemistry
Domain: Physical Sciences
Quantification of reinforcing effectiveness: Comment on Meisch (2000).

R. A. Meisch (2000) introduces an innovative method for quantifying the reinforcing effectiveness of drugs and other substances. Advantages are that it models the persistence of drug use in humans and its persistence ratios are the same whether responding or consumption is measured. Data indicate that the method is sensitive to factors that affect drug self-administration. The measure's core feature is "the systematic variation of both reinforcer magnitude and schedule size" (Meisch, 2000, p. 347); however, the method may not be widely used with such extensive parametric analysis. Variation of only reinforcer magnitude (or dose/concentration) seems to produce similar results, and this abbreviated analysis is similar to the behavioral economic analysis of demand. When responding is plotted as a function of unit price (responses/milligram), the peak of the curve (where maximum responding occurs) is a measure of persistence. Further work will determine how these and other measures of reinforcing effectiveness agree.

Topic: Behavioral and Psychological Studies
Subfield: Developmental and Educational Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Radio-Frequency Determination of New Growth-Induced Anisotropy in Garnets for Bubble Devices

A new type of magnetocrystalline anisotropy has been observed under {110} faces in several fluxgrown mixed rare-earth iron garnets. This anisotropy is different in direction and magnitude from that previously reported in similar garnets under {211} faces. In Eu2ErGa0.6Fe4.4O12 with 4πM near 350 G at 300°K, microwave resonance measurements have shown that {110} face material has a large effective uniaxial anisotropy. The [100] in the growth plane is the easy axis, [011] normal to this plane is medium, and [011̄] parallel to this plane is hard. Using a resonance equation appropriate to the orthorhombic magnetic symmetry and neglecting the relatively small cubic terms, the effective uniaxial anisotropy field is ∼1300 Oe. This anisotropy leads to a new cutting procedure (type 3 cut) for bubble devices: {100} platelets are cut normal to the natural {110} faces. Using 15-μ-thick platelets of this type, bubbles ∼8μ in diameter were propagated. The domain wall mobility is ∼170 cm/sec/Oe. These properties are comparable to those of {111} platelets cut under {211} surfaces of the same crystals.

Topic: Magneto-Optical Properties and Applications
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
<i>Firma Gebr. Eorenz, GmbH v. Federal Republic of Germany</i>. Case 120/73. Preliminary ruling of December 11, 1993 on request of the <i>Verwaltungsgericht Frank furl on Main</i>

View <i>Firma Gebr. Eorenz, GmbH v. Federal Republic of Germany</i>. Case 120/73. Preliminary ruling of December 11, 1993 on request of the <i>Verwaltungsgericht Frank furl on Main</i> by Jan A. Winter - Common Market Law Review

Topic: Corporate Governance and Law
Subfield: Strategy and Management
Field: Business, Management and Accounting
Domain: Social Sciences
WY-14643 Regulates CYP1B1 Expression through Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor α-Mediated Signaling in Human Breast Cancer Cells

Human cytochrome P450 1B1 (CYP1B1)-mediated biotransformation of endobiotics and xenobiotics plays an important role in the progression of human breast cancer. In this study, we investigated the effects of WY-14643, a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) agonist, on CYP1B1 expression and the related mechanism in MCF7 breast cancer cells. We performed quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, transient transfection, and chromatin immunoprecipitation to evaluate the effects of PPARα on peroxisome proliferator response element (PPRE)-mediated transcription. WY-14643 increased the protein and mRNA levels of CYP1B1, as well as promoter activity, in MCF-7 cells. Moreover, WY-14643 plus GW6471, a PPARα antagonist, significantly inhibited the WY-14643-mediated increase in CYP1B1 expression. PPARα knockdown by a small interfering RNA markedly suppressed the induction of CYP1B1 expression by WY-14643, suggesting that WY-14643 induces CYP1B1 expression via a PPARα-dependent mechanism. Bioinformatics analysis identified putative PPREs (−833/−813) within the promoter region of the CYP1B1 gene. Inactivation of these putative PPREs by deletion mutagenesis suppressed the WY-14643-mediated induction of CYP1B1 promoter activation. Furthermore, WY-14643 induced PPARα to assume a form capable of binding specifically to the PPRE-binding site in the CYP1B1 promoter. Our findings suggest that WY-14643 induces the expression of CYP1B1 through activation of PPARα.

Topic: Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Comparison of OG1RF and an Isogenic<i>fsrB</i>Deletion Mutant by Transcriptional Analysis: the Fsr System of<i>Enterococcus faecalis</i>Is More than the Activator of Gelatinase and Serine Protease

ABSTRACT The FsrABC system of Enterococcus faecalis controls the expression of gelatinase and a serine protease via a quorum-sensing mechanism, and recent studies suggest that the Fsr system may also regulate other genes important for virulence. To investigate the possibility that Fsr influences the expression of additional genes, we used transcriptional profiling, with microarrays based on the E. faecalis strain V583 sequence, to compare the E. faecalis strain OG1RF with its isogenic mutant, TX5266, an fsrB deletion mutant. We found that the presence of an intact fsrB influences expression of numerous genes throughout the growth phases tested, namely, late log to early stationary phase. In addition, the Fsr regulon is independent of the activity of the proteases, GelE and SprE, whose expression was confirmed to be activated at all three time points tested. While expression of some genes (i.e., ef1097 and ef0750 to -757, encoding hypothetical proteins) was activated in late log phase in OG1RF versus the fsrB deletion mutant, expression of ef1617 to -1634 ( eut - pdu orthologues) was highly repressed by the presence of an intact Fsr at entry into stationary phase. This is the first time that Fsr has been characterized as a negative regulator. The newly recognized Fsr-regulated targets include other factors, besides gelatinase, described as important for biofilms (BopD), and genes predicted to encode the surface proteins EF0750 to -0757 and EF1097, along with proteins implicated in several metabolic pathways, indicating that the FsrABC system may be an important regulator in strain OG1RF, with both positive and negative effects.

Topic: Antimicrobial Resistance in Staphylococcus
Subfield: Infectious Diseases
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
CONTRIBUTION OF THREE EARLY BRITISH SURGEONS TO KNOWLEDGE OF HEART DISEASE

The primary motive that has induced me, an internist, to accept the kind invitation to have a share in this special number of theArchives of Surgeryis that by so doing I may show my appreciation of, and affection for, Dean Lewis. To have known him as a student, intern, faculty and hospital colleague and congenial companion is to have an abiding sense of his superior ability as a surgeon, teacher and medical leader, and of his genius for making and holding friends. I trust it may not seem inappropriate to reiterate in this paper the truth that medicine and surgery are, and should be, closely related and mutually helpful, and, as a concrete illustration of the debt owed by medicine to surgery, to call attention to the worth while contributions made to the knowledge of heart disease, a little more than a century ago, by three British surgeons.

Topic: Medical History and Innovations
Subfield: History
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Suction-Controlled Laboratory Test on Resilient Modulus of Unsaturated Compacted Subgrade Soils

Conventionally, the resilient modulus test is conducted in the laboratory under different moisture content in which matric suction is unknown during the test. To investigate the influence of the matric suction on the resilient modulus, this study integrated the suction-controlled testing system and developed a modified testing procedure for the resilient modulus test of unsaturated subgrade soils. Based on the axis-translation technique, two cohesive soils were tested to investigate the effect of matric suction on resilient modulus. In the modified testing procedure, in order to fulfill the equilibrium in matric suction, the number of load cycles at each loading sequence of the resilient modulus test (AASHTO T 292-91) needs to be increased significantly. Experimental data indicate that matric suctions measured in the specimen after consolidation and resilient modulus tests are consistent with the matric suctions deduced from the soil-water characteristic curve corresponding to the same moisture content. In general, the resilient modulus obtained by the suction-controlled resilient modulus test appears to be reasonable. The trends of resilient modulus obtained by the suction-controlled resilient modulus test are consistent with those obtained by the conventional resilient modulus test. However, the suction-controlled resilient modulus test provides better insights that can help in interpreting the test results.

Topic: Soil and Unsaturated Flow
Subfield: Civil and Structural Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Family support study. A study of experiences, needs, and support requirements of families with enduring mental illness in Ireland.

This study explores the experiences of families enduring mental illness, the effects of mental health issues on members of the family, their adjustment to the burden of mental illness, the service requirements and resource needs of family members and satisfaction levels with current services.

Topic: Maternal Mental Health During Pregnancy and Postpartum
Subfield: Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Development of a Selective Medium for Isolation of <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> from Cattle and Beef Samples

ABSTRACT Helicobacter pylori has been isolated from the human stomach with media containing only minimal selective agents. However, current research on the transmission and sources of infection requires more selective media due to the higher numbers of contaminants in environmental, oral, and fecal samples. The objective of this study was to develop and evaluate detection techniques that are sufficiently selective to isolate H. pylori from potential animal and food sources. Since H. pylori survives in the acidic environment of the stomach, low pH with added urea was studied as a potential selective combination. H. pylori grew fairly well on H. pylori Special Peptone plating medium supplemented with 10 mM urea at pH 4.5, but this pH did not sufficiently inhibit the growth of contaminants. Various antibiotic combinations were then compared, and a combination consisting of 10 mg of vancomycin per liter, 5 mg of amphotericin B per liter, 10 mg of cefsulodin per liter, 62,000 IU of polymyxin B sulfate per liter, 40 mg of trimethoprim per liter, and 20 mg of sulfamethoxazole per liter proved to be highly selective but still allowed robust colonies of H. pylori to grow. This medium was highly selective for recovering H. pylori from cattle and beef samples, and it is possible that it could be used to enhance the recovery of this bacterium from human and environmental samples, which may be contaminated with large numbers of competing microorganisms.

Topic: Helicobacter pylori-related gastroenterology studies
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Empirical Evaluation of VoIP Aggregation over a Fixed WiMAX Testbed

The WiMAX Reference Network Architecture can be used in point-to-point and point-to-multipoint network topologies, and is suitable for providing last-mile, building-to-building, and residential broadband connectivity. Another major application, and the main focus of this study, is the use of fixed W

Topic: Advanced Wireless Network Optimization
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Exploring How Personal and Environmental Factors Influence Stress Levels Among Chinese Students: The Moderating Effect of Chinese Painting Experience

The current study explores how personal and environmental factors affect stress levels of students, while also investigating the moderating effect of Chinese painting experience on the relationship between stressors and students' stress levels. Online and self-administered surveys were utilized to collect data from 384 respondents in Shandong Province, China. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS and Smart PLS. The findings revealed a positive correlation among the variables and also shows the moderating effect of Chinese painting experience among them. Theoretical implications, along with identified research gaps in the literature, highlighted a culturally inclusive framework. Findings suggested that engaging in Chinese painting provides mental peace, reduces stress levels, and fosters professional growth among students. Given the rising prevalence of stressors among students, universities should consider implementing Chinese painting experience classes. Such classes have been shown to alleviate stress and promote physical fitness. Hence, it was concluded that culturally relevant artistic practices, for instance Chinese painting, effectively alleviate stress and can inform mental health strategies for students in high-pressure academic settings

Topic: Psychological Well-being and Life Satisfaction
Subfield: Social Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Conceptual relations of architecture, painting, color, and education and their application in an elementary school

If the theories of Piaget (stages of cognitive development) and Bruner (anything can be taught to anyone as long as it is taught in their language) are combined and applied to an elementary school the resulting conclusion is very quickly hands-on learning. Or, more simply, elementary-aged children understand their world through tangible experiences, so teach them through tangible experiences.&#13;\n&#13;\nA child's early memory code is formed by concrete experiences (combinations of the 5 senses), but these experiences become the building blocks for their later abstract cognitive thought patterns. This theory of education is widely applied from the standpoint of teach (hands on lessons, manipulative, etc.), but is a low if not nonexistent priority in constructing the environments in our schools. The experiential aspects of our schools should not only provide for a purely more pleasing environment, but should also allow for strong behavioral imprinting experiences that would result in memory niches -- the foundation for later abstract cognitive thought patterns.&#13;\n&#13;\nThis diagram shows the progression of memory coding through these stages and how the resulting thoughts would be accessed.

Topic: Educational Environments and Student Outcomes
Subfield: Education
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
The Molecular and Cellular Basis of Physiological Changes in Pregnancy and Its Implications in Neurologic and Ophthalmic Pathologies

Pregnancy orchestrates profound neurological, hormonal, and anatomical transformations in the maternal brain, preparing it for caregiving and infant bonding. Neuroimaging reveals structural changes such as gray matter reductions and white matter reorganization during pregnancy, followed by partial recovery postpartum. These adaptations are modulated by fluctuating levels of estradiol, progesterone, prolactin, and oxytocin, which coordinate neuroplasticity and behavioral readiness. At the molecular and cellular levels, pregnancy hormones drive synaptic remodeling, neurogenesis, and glial activity. Together, these changes support maternal motivation, attachment, and responsiveness, highlighting the maternal brain’s dynamic plasticity across gestation and the postpartum period. Also, pregnancy induces profound physiological changes, particularly in vascular, hormonal, and neurologic systems, to support maternal and fetal health. While these adaptations are essential, they can predispose pregnant individuals to various neurologic and ophthalmic pathologies. This review explores how pregnancy-related changes—including hypercoagulability, pituitary enlargement, hormonal fluctuations, and immunological modulation—contribute to conditions such as stroke, idiopathic intracranial hypertension, preeclampsia-associated visual disturbances, and demyelinating disorders like neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder and multiple sclerosis. Additionally, ocular manifestations of systemic diseases like diabetic retinopathy and thyroid orbitopathy are discussed. Understanding these complex interactions is critical for prompt recognition, accurate diagnosis, and appropriate management of vision-threatening and neurologically significant complications during pregnancy. Nevertheless, many aspects of physiological and pathological changes during and after pregnancy remain unknown and warrant further investigation.

Topic: Pregnancy and preeclampsia studies
Subfield: Obstetrics and Gynecology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences