jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Treatment-Only Single-Case Designs with Student Self-Recording for the Teacher as Researcher.

One valuable ingredient that is missing from common teacher practice is the measurement of ongoing student performance in the classroom in a way that supports improvement in student performance and in teacher instruction that can be shared with parents, teachers, and other professional colleagues. Treatment-only designs (TODs) with self-recording by students can provide that measurement for educational practices in public school classrooms, and they may be a useful way for educators and educational researchers to share useful information. Such designs may be considered as an elementary or case study level of single-case research. Examples are given of inferences from TODs and how they may lead to more sophisticated designs. The development of this approach allows for a two-way interaction between technology and science that promises some of the benefits that occur when technology and science are in close collaboration. Examples are given in the following areas in which TODs support: (1) self-recording; (2) self-recording with graphs rather than tables; (3) improving writing by increasing the rate of writing; (4) introducing more advanced single-case designs; (5) questioning a hypothesis; and (6) establishing the usefulness of types of instruction. (Contains 5 figures and 74 references.) (SLD) ******************************************************************************** Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. ******************************************************************************** Treatment-only Designs 1 Running Head: TREATMENT-ONLY DESIGNS Treatment-Only Single-Case Designs with Student Self-Recording for the Teacher as Researcher

Topic: Behavioral and Psychological Studies
Subfield: Developmental and Educational Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
The Dynamics of Pedagogic Judgment in Teaching.

In the school culture, teachers are often caught between sanctioned instructional behavior and their own judgment; governed by legislated edicts, yet not freed by them to nurture their students. The relationship between pedagogic actions and morally acceptable outcomes, between responsibility to the self and to the students, the school, and the community is frequently perceived by reflective teachers to be in flux, confounding their daily judgments and classroom instruction. Through pedagogic judgments, teachers interpret and guide the enactment of their teaching, transforming theoretical constructs into relational understandings and technical concerns into morally expressive actions. Typically, students trust in their teachers' willingness to act in appropriate and equitable ways. Teachers must have an advocative attitude, with empathy for students' capacity to view the subject matter being taught. Inasmuch as students accept the teacher's offer of relationship as authentic, they are able to accept the teacher's presentation of the world, whether of history, math algorithms, or the moral implications of modeled adult classroom behavior. The effects of pedagogic judgment that arise from egocentric, or even casual behavior, may be the most destructive lessons taught. Attending to students requires an expansion to an inclusive, advocative self in the world of outside cause and effects. Inquiry will establish a compelling recognition of the moral in the beliefs, perceptions, reasoning, and actions that are associated with teacher judgment. Pedagogic judgment happens when the moral dimensions of teaching are recognized and the relationship between teacher and student is enabled. (Contains 24 references.) (SM) ******************************************************************************** * Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made * * from the original document. * ******************************************************************************** The Dynamics of Pedagogic Judgment in Teaching Dayvid Schultz AREA 1998 Annual Meeting

Topic: Philosophy and Literary Analysis
Subfield: Philosophy
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
OCCURENCE OF PHALLOTOXINS IN AMERICAN COLLECTIONS OF<i>AMANITA VIROSA</i>

A thin–layer Chromatographie method usig silica Gel, Silicar–7GF in ethyl acetate-isopropyl alcohol-water-conc. ammonium hydroxide (45:35:15:5) proved suitable for the rapid detection of phalloidin and phallacidin in Amanita virosa Lam. ex Secr. extracts. This is the first time a phallotoxin was ever reported to be present in American collections of deadly Amanitas. The phalloidin spot was present in higher concentration, whereas phallacidin was relatively less. Purification of the extracts enhanced the appearance of phallotoxins several of which were masked by many impurities in the crude extract. Such impurities did not affect visualization of the amanitins because of their greater sensitivity to color reagents. This purification technique, however, eliminated β-amanitin (acidic), and much of α-amanitin (neutral). Prolonged exposure of the chromatograms to the fumes of hydrochloric acid vapor is very essential for visualization of the phallotoxins.

Topic: Silymarin and Mushroom Poisoning
Subfield: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Reversible Ubiquitinproteasome Inhibitor Addition to UW Solution: A Strategy for Enhancing the Steatotic Liver Graft Preservation

Introduction: During the last decade, the dramatic shortage of organs has obliged to consider the transplantation of liver graft with steatosis. Steatotic livers show a poor tolerance against ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI) due to exacerbated oxidation and microcirculation alterations responsible for the subsequent higher risk of graft dysfunction or primary nonfunction when steatotic grafts are used. Ubiquitin proteasome pathway (UPS) is the principal non-lysosomal proteolytic system responsible for the protein degradation but its role in liver IRI was not fully investigated, although recent studies have evidenced that UPS inhibition during hypothermia prolongs myocardial graft preservation. In addition, bortezomib (a reversible proteasome inhibitor) administered at non-toxic low doses in rats sed by chronic alcohol consumption, resulted to be protective by increasing liver antioxidant enzymes. Here, we evaluated and compared the BZ and MG132 addition to UW preservation solution at low and non toxic dose for fatty liver graft protection against cold IRI. Methods: Livers from lean and obese Zücker rats (11 weeks aged) will be stored in UW solution enriched with BZ (100nM/L) or MG (25 μmol/L) during 24 hours at 4°C and then subjected to 2 hour-normothermic reperfusion. (37°C). Liver injury (AST/ALT), hepatic function (bile output; vascular resistance); mitochondrial damage (GLDH); oxidative stress (MDA); nitric oxide (e-NOS activity; nitrates/nitrites); hemeoxygenase (HO-1), proteasome chymotrypsin-like activity and UPS (19S & 20 S) protein levels were measured, respectively. Results: BZ and MG132 addition to UW solution prevented similarly the liver injury (ASAT/ALAT) when compared to UW alone. However, BZ increased bile production more efficiently than MG132 but only BZ decreased vascular resistance in fatty livers. This well correlated with a concomitant increases in nitric oxide generation (through e-NOS activation) and AMPK phosphorylation. Also, this was accompanied by a significant prevention of mitochondrial damage (GLDH) and oxidative stress (MDA). In addition, BZ presence inhibited adiponectin, IL-1 and TNF alpha, only in steatotic livers. This well correlated with 20S-proteasome expression reduction (not 19 S moiety) and chymotrypsin-like activity inhibition. Conclusion: BZ at low and non toxic doses protects more efficiently fatty liver grafts against cold IRI than MG132 when used as additives in UW preservation. Interestingly, BZ benefits are mediated by nitric oxide. The results reported here shows the relevance of UPS in fatty liver preservationtroduction

Topic: Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment
Subfield: Epidemiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Aging Promotes Amyloid-β Peptide Induced Mitochondrial Dysfunctions in Rat Brain: A Molecular Link Between Aging and Alzheimer's Disease

The entangled relationship of brain aging, mitochondrial dysfunction, and amyloid-β peptide (Aβ 42 ) toxicity occupies the center stage in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The present study examines some of the toxic effects of Aβ 42 on brain mitochondria and provides evidence that aged brain mitochondria are significantly more vulnerable to Aβ 42 toxicity. In particular, the study has shown that the aggregated, but not the monomeric, form of Aβ 42 in varying concentrations (10–40 μM) during in vitro incubation causes a loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, a decrease in phosphorylation capacity and ATP synthesis, and the release of cytochrome c from the mitochondria but without any noticeable change in the activities of respiratory chain complexes. Such effects of Aβ 42 are strikingly more conspicuous on aged rat (22–24 months) brain mitochondria compared to that on brain mitochondria of young rats (4–6 months). More interestingly is the observation that in contrast to young rat brain mitochondria, a significantly higher level of Aβ 42 remains associated with aged brain mitochondria under basal incubation condition as well as after exposure to exogenously added peptide. Extrapolated to an in vivo scenario, the results have clear implications in AD pathogenesis and also partly explain why brain aging is a dominant risk factor for this disease condition.

Topic: Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
Subfield: Physiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
[What should the neurologist do for saving a part of patients from ischemic stroke?].

The article focuses on a potential of vascular surgery prevention of cerebral stroke. Indications for carotid endarterectomy, late results of surgical treatment and possible complications are considered. Preventive surgeries are concluded to be prominent and effective.

Topic: Cerebrovascular and Carotid Artery Diseases
Subfield: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
The concept of cellular “fight-or-flight” reaction to stress

As animals respond to environmental stress with a set of default reactions described as the “fight-or-flight” response, so do epithelial and endothelial cells when they are confronting stressors in their microenvironment. This review will summarize a growing body of data suggesting the existence of a set of stereotypical cellular reactions to stress, provide some examples of diseases that are characterized by excessive flight reactions, describe the cellular mechanisms whereby the fight-or-flight reaction is accomplished, as well as cellular mechanisms triggering either fight or flight. It is proposed that cell-matrix adhesion is a sensitive indicator of the severity of stress. This indicator is interfaced with several default programs for cellular survival or death, thus dictating the fate of the cell. Some diagnostic and therapeutic applications of the concept, presently used and potentially useful, are outlined. The essential feature of this concept is its ability to categorize cellular events in terms of either type of default reaction, predict the details of each, and potentially exploit them clinically.

Topic: Heat shock proteins research
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
A Mesoarchean Large Igneous Province on the Eastern Kaapvaal Craton (Southern Africa) Confirmed by Metavolcanic Rocks from Kubuta, Eswatini

Abstract Mesoarchean magmatism is widespread on the eastern margin of the Kaapvaal Craton, but its origin is still poorly understood, mainly because geochemical data is rare. To shed some light on the source of this Mesoarchean magmatism and to relate different Mesoarchean volcanic sequences to each other, we provide major and trace element data as well as Hf-Nd isotope compositions of amphibolites sampled close to the Kubuta Ranch in south-central Eswatini. These amphibolites, so far, were of unknown correlation to any volcanic sequence in Eswatini or South Africa. Hence, the aim of our study is to characterize the mantle source composition of these volcanic rocks and, furthermore, to constrain their genetic relation to other volcanic sequences in Eswatini and South Africa. Our findings reveal that, based on coherent trace element patterns and similar Nd isotope characteristics, the Kubuta volcanic rocks can be genetically linked to the ca. 3.0 Ga Usushwana Igneous Complex in West-Central Eswatini and the ca. 2.9 Ga Hlagothi Complex located in the KwaZulu-Natal province. In contrast, the coeval ca. 3.0 Ga Nsuze and ca. 2.9 Ga Mozaan Groups (Pongola Supergroup) of south-central Eswatini and northern KwaZulu-Natal province have slightly enriched compositions compared to the newly sampled Kubuta volcanic rocks. Our results suggest that the Nsuze and Mozaan Groups were sourced from a primitive mantle reservoir, whereas the Usushwana, Hlagothi, and Kubuta mafic rocks were derived by melting of a more depleted mantle source comparable to that of modern depleted MORB. Furthermore, our assimilation-fractional crystallization (AFC) calculations and Nd isotope constraints reveal that some samples were contaminated by the crust and that the crustal contaminants possibly represent felsic rocks related to the ca. 3.5 Ga crust-forming event in the Ancient Gneiss Complex. Alternatively, melting of a metasomatized mantle or plume-lithospheric mantle interaction may also produce the trace element and isotopic compositions observed in the samples. From a synthesis of our geochemical observations and age data from the literature, we propose a refined petrogenetic model, for a continental flood basalt setting in a Mesoarchean large igneous province on the eastern Kaapvaal Craton. Our petrogenetic model envisages two magma pulses sourced from a primitive mantle reservoir that led to the formation of the Nsuze (first) and Mozaan (second) lavas. Conductive heating of ambient depleted mantle by the mantle plumes caused partial melting that led to the formation of the Usushwana Igneous Complex associated with the first magmatic event (Nsuze) and the Hlagothi Igneous Complex associated with the second magmatic event (Mozaan). However, due to lacking age data of sufficient resolution, it is not possible to affiliate the Kubuta lavas to either the first or the second magmatic event.

Topic: Geological and Geochemical Analysis
Subfield: Geophysics
Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences
Domain: Physical Sciences
Machine Learning Techniques for Single Nucleotide Polymorphism—Disease Classification Models in Schizophrenia

Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) can be used as inputs in disease computational studies such as pattern searching and classification models. Schizophrenia is an example of a complex disease with an important social impact. The multiple causes of this disease create the need of new genetic or proteomic patterns that can diagnose patients using biological information. This work presents a computational study of disease machine learning classification models using only single nucleotide polymorphisms at the HTR2A and DRD3 genes from Galician (Northwest Spain) schizophrenic patients. These classification models establish for the first time, to the best knowledge of the authors, a relationship between the sequence of the nucleic acid molecule and schizophrenia (Quantitative Genotype – Disease Relationships) that can automatically recognize schizophrenia DNA sequences and correctly classify between 78.3–93.8% of schizophrenia subjects when using datasets which include simulated negative subjects and a linear artificial neural network.

Topic: Machine Learning in Bioinformatics
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Proliferation and migration of hepatoblastoma cells are mediated by IRS-4 via PI3K/Akt pathways.

Levels of IRS-4 (insulin receptor substrate-4) in hepatoblastoma cells from the patients, HepG2 and HuH-6 cell lines were measured by Western Blot analysis, and they were all found significantly higher than those of normal hepatic cells. When the HepG2 and HuH-6 cells cultivated in vitro were treated with IRS-4 and infected with recombinant adenovirus containing IRS-4 gene, the proliferation and migration of the cells were significantly improved. Meanwhile, the expressions of PI3K (phosphatidylinositol 3'-kinase), pS473 Akt (Protein Kinase B) and pThr308 Akt were positively regulated by IRS-4 overexpression. These results indicated that IRS-4 was very likely to be involved in PI3K/Akt path way, which was further confirmed by the fact that the PI3K/Akt blocker LY294002 attenuated the proliferation and migration of the hepatoblastoma cells. In conclusion, IRS-4 enhanced the proliferation and migration of the hepatoblastoma cells via PI3K/Akt pathways.

Topic: PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling in cancer
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Civil society and democratization: a counter-case from India

This article assesses whether civil society promotes democratization, as has been argued implicitly or explicitly in the political discourse, following the publication of Putnam's Making Democracy Work. The theorists of “third-wave” transitology have advocated civil society as the indispensable instrument for the survival and sustenance of democracy. This article, however, argues that civil society is not necessarily a democratic force. It may or may not have positive implications in regard to democratization and the functioning of democracy. Based on ethnographic fieldwork in the tribal-dominated south Rajasthan, this article analyses the case of Rajasthan Vanvasi Kalyan Parishad (RVKP), a Hindu(tva)-oriented non-governmental organization (NGO), to demonstrate how civil society could also be anti-democratic. It shows that by utilizing development as a medium of entry, the RVKP has not only successfully presented itself as a counter-force against the “threatening others”, such as Muslims and Christians but also mobilized electoral support for the Hindu nationalist Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP). In return, the BJP-led state government has provided economic, political and legal support to the RVKP and facilitated the Hindutva politics at the grassroots level. The article concludes that in the context of Rajasthan, a conservative state has collaborated with an exclusivist civil society organization – the consequence of which has not just been the spread of violence and demonization of religious minorities but also a serious undermining of cultural pluralism and democratic values of Indian society.

Topic: Anthropological Studies and Insights
Subfield: Anthropology
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
La hausse conjointe des prix de l'énergie et des prix agricoles entre 2006 et 2008 : la spéculation et les biocarburants sont-ils coupables ?

We review in this study the different factors which have been proposed in the literature as possible explanations of commodity prices sudden upsurge between 2006 and 2008. We examine as to whether scientific evidence validates any causal relationship. We emphasize in particular the role of explanatory variables underpinning the co-movement of energy and food price rise. Our aim is to provide an up-to-date understanding of food and energy market relationships, so as to better anticipate the possible changes in prices behaviour in the coming years.

Topic: Market Dynamics and Volatility
Subfield: Economics and Econometrics
Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance
Domain: Social Sciences
The usefulness of contrast-enhanced ultrasonography in the early detection of hepatocellular carcinoma viability after transarterial chemoembolization: pilot study

In the assessment of the response to TACE, CEUS at 4 weeks showed excellent results for detecting residual viable HCC, which suggests that CEUS can be used as an early additive diagnosis tool when deciding early additional treatment with TACE.

Topic: Hepatocellular Carcinoma Treatment and Prognosis
Subfield: Hepatology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Controlled-Accuracy Approximation of Nonlinear Functions for Soft Computing Applications: A High Performance Co-proccessor for Intelligent Embedded Systems

Intelligent embedded systems can be found everywhere in a variety of innovative applications. The main challenge consists in developing small-size single-chip embedded systems with low power consumption, capable of processing data and intelligent algorithms with the required speed. These key issues are normally carefully analyzed during the design process of embedded systems with the aim of meeting the required specifications. However, the problem of accuracy is hardly ever explored at early stages of the design flow, even though too low accuracy could limit digital hardware performance in a crucial way. This piece of work proposes a controlled accuracy approximation scheme of nonlinear functions based on Taylor's Theorem and the Lagrange form of the remainder. A hardware co-processor based on a Field programmable Gate Array (FPGA) is developed. The co-processor is suitable for efficient computation of nonlinear functions involved in typical soft computing techniques such as: activation functions (neural networks), membership functions (fuzzy systems), or kernel functions (support vector machines). The method is applied to the development of an intelligent embedded system for a smart scenario. Experimental results are provided for both online training and feed-forward computation of a single-layer feed-forward neural network.

Topic: Neural Networks and Applications
Subfield: Artificial Intelligence
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
The EPR of a new Cu<sup>2+</sup>centre in NH<sub>4</sub>Br (acidic)

A new interstitial Cu2+ centre was found in NH4Br crystals grown in acidic solution (pH<0.2) that was not observed in our previously studied sample (pH approximately=1.6). X-band EPR at 293 K indicates that the symmetry is tetragonal and the spin-Hamiltonian parameters are g/sub ///=2.044+or-0.002, A/sub ///=2.188+or-0.002, A/sub ///=0+or-5, Aperpendicular to =83+or-3 and Aperpendicular to '=30+or-1(A is given in units of 10-4 cm-1). A model H2O-Cu2+-H2O was assigned after studying the appearance of three types of centre in crystals grown with pH between approximately 8 and <0.2. Reexamination of the previous study on NH4Br (pH approximately=1.6) has indicated that the centre obtained there may be of type NH3-CU2+-H2O, which can also be ascribed to the centre in NH4Cl known as centre III.

Topic: Solid-state spectroscopy and crystallography
Subfield: Materials Chemistry
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
LHD nbpwr_tot_temporal #89112.1 (analyzed)

Sum of NBI port-through powers tangentially injected beam (NBI#1, NBI#2, NBI#3) and perpendicularly injected beam (NBI#4, NBI#5).

Topic: Ubiquitin and proteasome pathways
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences