jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Cepheids in Magellanic Cloud star clusters - Fundamental and overtone pulsators in NGC 2157

view Abstract Citations (26) References (19) Co-Reads Similar Papers Volume Content Graphics Metrics Export Citation NASA/ADS Cepheids in Magellanic Cloud Star Clusters: Fundamental and Overtone Pulsators in NGC 2157 Mateo, Mario ; Olszewski, Edward W. ; Madore, Barry F. Abstract As part of a systematic CCD survey to search for and study Cepheids in young Magellanic Cloud star clusters, we report the discovery of three Cepheids in the Large Magellanic Cloud star cluster NGC 2157. Two of these variables have periods of approximately 3 days, while the third has a period of ~ 7.7 days. The photometric properties of the two short-period Cepheids are consistent with their being overtone pulsators, while the long-period Cepbeid is more likely pulsating in the fundamental mode. We reach the same conclusion by calculating the pulsational masses for the new Cepheids using a consistent set of theoretical relations. The evolutionary/pulsational mass discrepancy known for Galactic Cepheids reappears for these extragalactic Cepheids with our assumption that the short-period NGC 2157 variables are overtone pulsators. Mass loss can account for neither the observed period range nor the mass discrepancy unless extremely large and unprecedented mass-loss rates are assumed. Stellar models incorporating modified treatments of convection may provide a solution for this new version of the Cepheid mass discrepancy. Our observations of the NGC 2157 Cepheids along with recent results for other Mapellanic Cloud cluster Cepheids suggest that the fraction of short-period (<~ 7 days) Cepheids that are first overtone pulsators may be much larger than is generally believed. Publication: The Astrophysical Journal Pub Date: April 1990 DOI: 10.1086/185696 Bibcode: 1990ApJ...353L..11M Keywords: Astronomical Photometry; Cepheid Variables; Magellanic Clouds; Star Clusters; Stellar Oscillations; Astronomical Models; Charge Coupled Devices; Color-Magnitude Diagram; Stellar Mass; Astrophysics; CLUSTERS: GLOBULAR; GALAXIES: MAGELLANIC CLOUDS; PHOTOMETRY; STARS: CEPHEIDS full text sources ADS | data products NED (5) SIMBAD (2)

Topic: Stellar, planetary, and galactic studies
Subfield: Astronomy and Astrophysics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Evolution of microbial pathogens

Various genetic mechanisms including point mutations, genetic rearrangements and lateral gene transfer processes contribute to the evolution of microbes. Long-term processes leading to the development of new species or subspecies are termed macroevolution, and short–term developments, which occur during days or weeks, are considered as microevolution. Both processes, macro– and microevolution need horizontal gene transfer, which is particularly important for the development of pathogenic microorganisms. Plasmids, bacteriophages and so–called pathogenicity islands (PAIs) play a crucial role in the evolution of pathogens. During microevolution, genome variability of pathogenic microbes leads to new phenotypes, which play an important role in the acute development of an infectious disease. Infections due to Staphylococcus epidermidis , Candida albicans and Escherichia coli will be described with special emphasis on processes of microevolution. In contrast, the development of PAIs is a process involved in macroevolution. PAIs are especially important in processes leading to new pathotypes or even species. In this review, particular attention will be given to the fact that the evolution of pathogenic microbes can be considered as a specific example for microbial evolution in general.

Topic: Vibrio bacteria research studies
Subfield: Endocrinology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
The Legitimacy of Single Mothers in Israel Examined through Five Circles of Discourse

This study applies critical discourse analysis to examine the relationship between the imagery and the legitimacy attached to single mothers, as well as the social policy designed for them. The correlation between images, legitimacy, and policy was examined during three decades (the 1970s, 1990s, and 2000s) of extensive legislation pertaining to single-parent mothers. The data have been drawn from a diversity of sources, including Knesset debates, Knesset committee discussions, women's organizations, the media, and semi-structured interviews. The study shows that welfare policy necessarily encapsulates cultural perceptions and basic assumptions pertaining to certain segments of society. These beliefs anchor justifications for the expansion or limitation of social rights and reveal how the development of social rights is linked to cultural and social apprehension.

Topic: Jewish and Middle Eastern Studies
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Oxygen sensitivity in the sheep adrenal medulla: role of SK channels

The hypoxia-evoked secretion of catecholamines from the noninnervated fetal adrenal gland is essential for surviving intrauterine hypoxemia. The ion channels responsible for the initial depolarization that leads to catecholamine secretion have not been identified. Patch-clamp studies of adrenal chromaffin cells isolated from fetal and adult sheep revealed the presence of a Ca 2+ -dependent K + current that was reduced by hypoxia. Apamin, a blocker of small-conductance K + (SK) channels, reduced the Ca 2+ -dependent K + current, and the sensitivity of the channels to apamin indicated that the channels involved were of the SK2 subtype. In the presence of apamin, the hypoxia-evoked change in K + currents was largely eliminated. Both hypoxia and apamin blocked a K + current responsible for maintaining the resting potential of the cell, and the depolarization resulting from both led to an influx of Ca 2+ . Simultaneous application of hypoxia and apamin did not potentiate the increase in cytosolic Ca 2+ concentration beyond that seen with either agent alone. Similar results were seen with curare, another blocker of SK channels. These results indicate that closure of SK2 channels would be the initiating event in the hypoxia-evoked catecholamine secretion in the adrenal medulla.

Topic: Neuroscience of respiration and sleep
Subfield: Endocrine and Autonomic Systems
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences
Clinically defined vascular depression

The symptoms of vascular depression are consistent with lesions that may damage striato-pallido-thalamo-cortical pathways and other areas. The concept of vascular depression can provide the impetus for investigations of prevention and treatment of cerebrovascular disease and for studies of the course of vascular depression and selection of antidepressants.

Topic: Neurological Disorders and Treatments
Subfield: Neurology
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences
Supply Chain Involvement in Engagement Verification of Marketing and Operational Collaboration

The ability of firm's market knowledge in relationships with employee engagement and customer engagement becomes crucial in a marketing strategy. However, the role of marketing function to achieve competitive advantage is still a question of improving business performance. Empirically, there is a need to explore marketing and operational capabilities by involving the supply chain in marketing strategies. Through the views of Dynamic Capability (DC) and service logic, we combine it in a conceptual model that produces several hypotheses. A total of 250 MSME (Micro Small and Medium Enterprises) are involved to answer the questionnaire. Respondents' perceptions reveal that the supply chain has essentially opened itself into an engagement for mutual value creation and sustainability. Our findings also reveal that supply chain engagement can improve business performance and positively mediate employee engagement, but it is unable to mediate customer engagement. In contrast, supply chain engagement is insignificant when market knowledge, customer engagement and employee engagement are directly linked to business performance. In addition, our findings also resulted in an insight for management in optimizing the firm's ability to perform its marketing functions

Topic: Innovation and Socioeconomic Development
Subfield: Business and International Management
Field: Business, Management and Accounting
Domain: Social Sciences
Acylamido boronic acids and difluoroborane analogs of amino acids: potent inhibitors of chymotrypsin and elastase

A series of 1-acylamino boronic acids (IA-VA), analogues of the amino acids phenylalanine, phenylglycine, alanine, valine, and isoleucine, were prepared as potential transition-state inhibitors of the serine proteases alpha-chymotrypsin and elastase, by a boronate homologation reaction. The corresponding difluoroboranes (IB-VB), produced from the boronic acids by treatment with HF, were more easily purified than the boronic acids. Since the difluoroboranes readily hydrolyze in water, they proved to be convenient precursors for the boronic acids. The phenylalanine and phenylglycine analogues I and II were good competitive inhibitors of alpha-chymotrypsin (Ki = 0.3-8 microM), and the alanine, valine, and isoleucine analogues (III-IV) proved to be good inhibitors of elastase (Ki = 0.1-35 microM). On the basis of their high affinity and the tendency of boronic acids to form borate complexes, these acylamino boronic acids may be behaving as transition-state inhibitors.

Topic: Biopolymer Synthesis and Applications
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Portable Tritium Cleanup Cart. Innovative Technology Summary Report

The innovative technology demonstrated in the Mound LSDDP was the LLNL Portable Tritium Processing System (PTPS) Clean-Up Cart. Used as a stand-alone cart for scrubbing tritium effluent, it provides a scrubbing process based on catalytic oxidation of tritium. Tritiated water is collected on removable molecular sieve dryers, which can be shipped as low level waste (LLW) below the 1080 curie ''Type A'' limit. Replacement and disposal of the mole sieves and the catalyst-containing reactor is easy and quick. The unit provides a projected decontamination factor of greater than 1000, with a process flow rate of 45 liters/minute. Design features include: mole sieve dryer beds configured in series with moisture monitors to prevent moisture breakthrough, Process flow controllers in the main plumbing loop and air inlet system, process thermocouples which provide process stream and enclosure over-temperature control, and an enclosure which can function as a ventilated hood during normal operating conditions but which can be isolated when tritium concentrations inside the enclosure exceed the pre-selected control setpoint.

Topic: Muon and positron interactions and applications
Subfield: Mechanics of Materials
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
CCDC 2076839: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.

Topic: Crystallization and Solubility Studies
Subfield: Materials Chemistry
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Financial, Occupational and Physical Challenges and Blood Glucose Monitoring in Type 2 Diabetes

Background Blood glucose monitoring effects are changing for people living with type 2 diabetes. However, there is a lack of recent data surrounding financial, occupational, or physical stressors that affect the adherence of diabetes self-management practices. This article looks to examine specific financial, physical, and occupational challenges in adherence to blood glucose monitoring in type 2 diabetes. Methods Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2017–2020 Pre-Pandemic data of adults 18+ were analyzed. These data were used to examine the relationships between insurance coverage, health status, occupation, and self-monitoring of blood glucose levels in the United States. Results This study found that respondents had a statistically significant association with five variables: prescription drug coverage (in-part or full), occupation status, gender, age, and three race subcategories (non-Hispanic White, Black, and Other-Multiracial) with blood glucose monitoring. Conclusion This study may help certified health education specialists (CHES) and diabetes care and educator specialists (DCES) to better identify which groups of individuals are at highest risk for poor adherence to specific blood glucose monitoring in type 2 diabetes.

Topic: Diabetes Management and Education
Subfield: Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
USING THE EXPERIENCE OF TRAINING MILITARY PERSONNEL IN THE UNITED STATES TO ADVANCED TRAINING OF OFFICERS OF THE ARMED FORCES OF UKRAINE AND OTHER MILITARY FORMATIONS

The article deals with the problem of modernization of the training system for officers training of the Armed Forces of Ukraine and other military formations in the context of the modern strategic tasks of the development of the Armed Forces of Ukraine. The peculiarities of modern training of servicemen in the USA are highlighted and possible aspects of the use of this experience in the system of professional development of officers of the Armed Forces of Ukraine and other military formations. It is revealed that the existing system of training of servicemen in Ukraine does not fully meet the modern requirements and requires comprehensive modernization, which requires the study and implementation of advanced foreign experience in the training of officer personnel. The advantages of the military education system of the USA as one of the most powerful systems of military personnel training in the modern world are determined: the branch network of educational institutions providing training and advanced training of officer personnel at different stages of training according to the types of troops; systematic, phased and multi-level training, and advanced training; efficiency and dynamism; a combination of theoretical and practical training, civil and military education, teaching and research work; prestige, competitiveness and high efficiency. The urgent tasks of modernization of higher military education are defined taking into account the US experience: the transition to a professional army, introduction of modern standards of military activity, increase of flexibility and diversity of military education, increase of dependence of career growth on the level of qualification of servicemen, improvement of the structure of training of troops, attraction to teaching highly skilled , experienced military specialists, trainers (instructors) on highly specialized subjects, strengthening of scientific about maintenance of educational process, introduction of modern information technologies

Topic: Military, Security, and Education Studies
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
The Phrase-structural Diversity of Periphrasis

Periphrastic constructions in related and well-studied languages such as English, German, and French exhibit significant diversity in their syntactic structure. In English the main verb combines with its complements first, whereas in German the main verb combines with the auxiliary first. French demonstrates that it is possible to have diversity even within one language. Two periphrastic tenses in French — the perfect and the near future — correspond to two distinct phrase structure configurations. This chapter argues that different syntactic configurations show the same level of paradigm integration in the relevant language, and thus the theory of periphrasis should not depend on the particular phrase structure. It presents a formal account for the phrase-structural diversity of periphrases using Paradigm Function Morphology as the inflectional component for an HPSG account.

Topic: linguistics and terminology studies
Subfield: Language and Linguistics
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Security sector and/or community policing

It is very important how government bodies carry out their activity. This is especially true of the police given the nature of their duties. It is quite certain that the police cannot perform their function if they do not have an appropriate communication and cooperation with the citizens. The quality of cooperation with the citizens largely determines what results the police will achieve. In addition to police work in security sectors, which has been implemented in our region for 50 years, there were ideas to introduce a new concept which shifts from a cooperation with citizens to a type of partnership, meaning that the citizens and the police together determine priorities and the manner of carrying out police duties, making the citizens also responsible for the security situation. However, in our legal system, it was impossible to put this new idea into action.

Topic: European Criminal Justice and Data Protection
Subfield: Political Science and International Relations
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Theoretical investigation on the glycan-binding specificity of<i>Agrocybe cylindracea</i>galectin using molecular modeling and molecular dynamics simulation studies

Galectins are β-galactoside binding proteins which have the ability to serve as potent antitumor, cancer biomarker, and induce tumor cell apoptosis. Agrocybe cylindracea galectin (ACG) is a fungal galectin which specifically recognizes α(2,3)-linked sialyllactose at the cell surface that plays extensive roles in the biological recognition processes. To investigate the change in glycan-binding specificity upon mutations, single point and double point site-directed in silico mutations are performed at the binding pocket of ACG. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulation studies are carried out for the wild-type (ACG) and single point (ACG1) and double point (ACG2) mutated ACGs to investigate the dynamics of substituted mutants and their interactions with the receptor sialyllactose. Plausible binding modes are proposed for galectin-sialylglycan complexes based on the analysis of hydrogen bonding interactions, total pair-wise interaction energy between the interacting binding site residues and sialyllactose and binding free energy of the complexes using molecular mechanics-Poisson-Boltzmann surface area. Our result shows that high contribution to the binding in different modes is due to the direct and water-mediated hydrogen bonds. The binding specificity of double point mutant Y59R/N140Q of ACG2 is found to be high, and it has 26 direct and water-mediated hydrogen bonds with a relatively low-binding free energy of -47.52 ± 5.2 kcal/mol. We also observe that the substituted mutant Arg59 is crucial for glycan-binding and for the preference of α(2,3)-linked sialyllactose at the binding pocket of ACG2 galectin. When compared with the wild-type and single point mutant, the double point mutant exhibits enhanced affinity towards α(2,3)-linked sialyllactose, which can be effectively used as a model for biological cell marker in cancer therapeutics.

Topic: Natural product bioactivities and synthesis
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
FACTOR ANALYSIS OF IMPACT OF SMARTPHONE ON USERS (CASE STUDY IN AHLONE TOWNSHIP)

Mobile smartphones had improved communication in society via the social media. Most of the smartphone users face were locked on the smartphone screen. That was a significant challenge for the positive and negative impacts. The study focuses on identifying different dynamic factors among the impacts on smartphone users with age group between 15 to 49 years at Ahlone Township. In this study, a two-stage random sampling was used to obtain the sample respondents. A face to face interviewing method, was applied to collect data from 356 respondents at randomly selected wards. The interview questions were constructed by a five-point Likert scale and offline data collection tools (KoBoToolbox) was used. According to factor analysis, it was found that the main impact of smartphones are “Social”, “Health”, “Communication and Emotional”, “Addiction” and “Negative Impact”. Although almost all the respondents suffer from health-related symptoms, two symptoms namely Tinnitus and Occiput pain were associated with frequent usage to the smartphone. Moreover, the study recommended to provide health knowledge and educational awareness to the public. Further researches on identified factors, using other models are be recommended.

Topic: Hermeneutics and Narrative Identity
Subfield: Philosophy
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
<i>Technical Note:</i> The Influence of Sulfate Ion on the Corrosion Potential of Type 304 Stainless Steel in High-Temperature Water

The corrosion potential of type 304 SS in high-temperature water has been measured in relation with the DO content and the trace level of sulfate ion, which is a common impurity in BWR coolant

Topic: Non-Destructive Testing Techniques
Subfield: Mechanical Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Genetic Characterization and Insular Habitat Enveloping of Endangered Leaf-Nosed Bat, Hipposideros nicobarulae (Mammalia: Chiroptera) in India: Phylogenetic Inference and Conservation Implication

(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) The Nicobar leaf-nosed Bat (Hipposideros nicobarulae) was described in the early 20th century; however, its systematic classification has been debated for over 100 years. This endangered and endemic species has achieved species status through morphological data in the last 10 years. However, the genetic information and phylogenetic relationships of H. nicobarulae remain neglected. The generated mitochondrial cytochrome b gene (mtCytb) sequences (438 bp) of H. nicobarulae contains 53.42–53.65% AT composition and 1.82% variable sites. The studied species, H. nicobarulae maintains an 8.1% to 22.6% genetic distance from other Hipposideros species. The genetic divergence estimated in this study is congruent with the concept of gene speciation in bats. The Bayesian and Maximum-Likelihood phylogenies clearly discriminated all Hipposideros species and showed a sister relationship between H. nicobarulae and H. cf. antricola. Current mtCytb-based investigations of H. nicobarulae have confirmed the species status at the molecular level. Further, the MaxEnt-based species distribution modelling illustrates the most suitable habitat of H. nicobarulae (294 km2), of which the majority (171 km2) is located on Great Nicobar Island. The present study suggests rigorous sampling across the range, taxonomic coverage, the generation of multiple molecular markers (mitochondrial and nuclear), as well as more ecological information, which will help in understanding population genetic structure, habitat suitability, and the implementation of appropriate conservation action plans for H. nicobarulae and other Hipposideros species.

Topic: Bat Biology and Ecology Studies
Subfield: Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences