jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Invertible Frowns: Video-to-Video Facial Emotion Translation

We present Wav2Lip-Emotion, a video-to-video translation architecture that modifies facial expressions of emotion in videos of speakers. Previous work modifies emotion in images, uses a single image to produce a video with animated emotion, or puppets facial expressions in videos with landmarks from a reference video. However, many use cases such as modifying an actor's performance in post-production, coaching individuals to be more animated speakers, or touching up emotion in a teleconference require a video-to-video translation approach. We explore a method to maintain speakers' lip movements, identity, and pose while translating their expressed emotion. Our approach extends an existing multi-modal lip synchronization architecture to modify the speaker's emotion using L1 reconstruction and pre-trained emotion objectives. We also propose a novel automated emotion evaluation approach and corroborate it with a user study. These find that we succeed in modifying emotion while maintaining lip synchronization. Visual quality is somewhat diminished, with a trade off between greater emotion modification and visual quality between model variants. Nevertheless, we demonstrate (1) that facial expressions of emotion can be modified with nothing other than L1 reconstruction and pre-trained emotion objectives and (2) that our automated emotion evaluation approach aligns with human judgements.

Topic: Face recognition and analysis
Subfield: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Telomere Length, Health, and Mortality in a Cohort of Older Black South African Adults

Abstract Telomere length (TL) may be a biomarker of aging processes as well as age-related diseases. However, most studies of TL and aging are conducted in high-income countries. Less is known in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) such as South Africa, where life expectancy remains lower despite population aging. We conducted a descriptive analysis of TL in a cohort of older adults in rural South Africa. TL was assayed from venous blood draws using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (T/S ratio). We examined the correlation between TL and biomarkers, demographic characteristics, mental/cognitive health measures, and physical performance measures in a subsample of the Wave 1 2014–2015 “Health and Aging in Africa: A Longitudinal Study of an INDEPTH Community in South Africa” (HAALSI) cohort (n = 510). We used logistic regression to measure the association between TL and mortality through Wave 3 (2021–2022). In bivariate analyses, TL was significantly correlated with age (r = −0.29, p &amp;lt; .0001), self-reported female sex (r = 0.13, p = .002), mortality (r = −0.1297, p = .003), diastolic blood pressure (r = 0.09, p = .037), pulse pressure (r = −0.09, p = .045), and being a grandparent (r = −0.17, p = .0001). TL was significantly associated with age (β = −0.003; 95% confidence interval [CI] = −0.005, −0.003). TL was significantly associated in unadjusted multivariate analyses with mortality, but the relationship between TL and mortality was attenuated after adjusting for age (odds ratio [OR] = 0.19; 95% CI = 0.03, 1.27) and other covariates (OR = 0.17; 95% CI = 0.02, 1.19). Our study is the first analysis of TL in an older adult South African population. Our results corroborate existing relationships between TL and age, sex, cardiometabolic disease, and mortality found in higher-income countries.

Topic: Telomeres, Telomerase, and Senescence
Subfield: Physiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
After a decade, a new Venezuelan species of Corydalus Latreille (Megaloptera, Corydalidae, Corydalinae) is discovered

A new species of dobsonfly from Venezuela, Corydalusralphi Martins, Azevêdo, Hamada & Contreras, sp. nov., was discovered a decade after the last description of a species of this genus in the country. The new species is morphologically similar to C.wanningeri Contreras-Ramos & von der Dunk, sharing a uniform reddish coloration of body and wings and similar male genitalic structures. Likewise, it shares this particular coloration with C.neblinensis Contreras-Ramos but the genitalic structure fits within the C.crossi Contreras-Ramos species group. Two specimens, one male and one female, were collected on Tarotá River, in the Gran Sabana region, Canaima National Park, in southern Venezuela. A key to identify males of the Venezuelan species of Corydalus is provided.

Topic: Fossil Insects in Amber
Subfield: Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
CCDC 106029: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.

Topic: Crystallization and Solubility Studies
Subfield: Materials Chemistry
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Influence of anionic co-ligands on the structural diversity and catecholase activity of copper(<scp>ii</scp>) complexes with 2-methoxy-6-(8-iminoquinolinylmethyl)phenol

Pseudohalides induced structural diversity and catecholase activity of copper(<sc>ii</sc>) complexes are reported. The NCO-bound compound is the first example of a mononuclear square planar complex exhibiting catecholase activity.

Topic: Metal complexes synthesis and properties
Subfield: Oncology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Effect of anions on the spectrophotometric determination of beryllium with Chromazurol S in the presence of zephiramine

ゼフィラミン存在下でのクロムアズロールS(CAS)によるベリリウムの吸光光度定量において,吸光度は陰イオン濃度の増加とともに減少する.そして,見掛けの錯体生成反応の平衡定数Kappの値は,陰イオン濃度の増加とともに減少する.しかし,pH5~5.7では,吸光度は陰イオン濃度の増加とともに増加し,約0.15 mol dm-3以上でほぼ一定となった.これは,吸光度に対するベリリウム(II)の加水分解による負の影響であるが,陰イオンの添加によりその影響が相殺されたものと考えられる.このように,見掛けの錯体の生成反応に陰イオンが大きな影響を及ぼすのは,CASの見掛けの酸解離定数Ka3'の値が,陰イオン濃度の増加とともに減少するためと考えられる.0.15 mol dm-3以上の陰イオンの存在下で,Kappの値は塩化物>硫酸塩,Ka3'の値は硫酸塩>塩化物,錯体の吸光度は塩化物>硫酸塩の順であった.ベリリウム定量の際は,共存陰イオンの種類と濃度は,ほぼ等しくする必要がある.

Topic: Chemical Synthesis and Characterization
Subfield: Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Effects of light transmittance on plant growth and root ginsenoside content of Panax notoginseng

In order to provide a scientific basis for efficient and high-quality cultivation of medicinal crop Panax notoginseng, we examined the morphology, biomass accumulation and allocation, as well as root ginsenoside accumulation in P. notoginseng grown along artificial light gradients. Seeds and one-year-old rootstocks were firstly sowed in nursery bed. After the seedlings came out evenly, healthy seedlings were transplanted into five screen houses where light intensity was 22.3%, 11.8 %, 8.4%, 2.9% and 1.1% of full sunlight, respectively. The morphology, biomass accumulation and allocation, and ginsenoside content of P. notoginseng were analyzed during the harvest period. The results showed no significant differences of root, stem, and leaf biomass of P. notoginseng among 22.3% to 2.9% of full sunlig ht, but significant decrease under 1.1% of full sunlight. Under 1.1% of full sunlight, the root/shoot ratio and root/biomass ratio significantly decreased, but the stem/biomass ratio and leaf/biomass ratio increased. The biomass of two-year-old P. notoginseng showed no significant differences among 22.3%, 11.8%, 8.4% and 2.9% of full sunlight, but significant decrease under 1.1% of full sunlight. Root of one- and two-year-old P. notogi nseng grew vigorously under 11.8% of full sunlight. Ginsenoside content in one-year-old P. notoginseng reached a maximum value(w = 0.862%) under 22.3% of full sunlight, but the maximum value(w = 5.642%) of that in two-year-old P. notoginseng was under 8.4% of full sunlight. In conclusion, P. notoginseng is a typical shade-tolerant medicinal crop species; appropriate shading will facilitate its growth and ginsenoside accumulation; light intensity of about 10% of full sunlight is preferred for the production of P. notoginseng.

Topic: Ginseng Biological Effects and Applications
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
A Molecule with Dual Functionality 4‐Aminophenylmethylphosphonic Acid: A Comparison Between Layers Formed on Indium Tin Oxide by In Situ Generation of an Aryl Diazonium Salt or by Self‐Assembly of the Phosphonic Acid

Abstract 4‐Aminophenylmethylphosphonic acid was grafted on ITO surfaces by 1) electrochemical reductive adsorption of the corresponding aryl diazonium salt and 2) by self‐assembly via the phosphonic acid moiety. The aryl diazonium salt derived surfaces are reasonably stable within a wide potential range from −600 mV to 600 mV compared to a very narrow stable range between −40 mV and 40 mV for the self‐assembled layers. The different surface stabilities were assessed with a view to forming ITO‐organic layer‐gold nanoparticle (AuNPs) constructs. As expected the ITO‐organic layer‐AuNPs construct formed by electrochemical adsorption (ITO‐Ph‐AuNP) was significantly more stable than the construct formed by self‐assembly of phosphonates (ITO‐PO 3 Ph‐AuNPs).

Topic: Molecular Junctions and Nanostructures
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Characterization of internal fracture process of double network hydrogels under uniaxial elongation

Previously we revealed that the high toughness of double network hydrogels (DN gels) derives from the internal fracture of the brittle network during deformation, which dissipates energy as sacrificial bonds. In this study, we intend to elucidate the detailed internal fracture process of DN gels. We quantitatively analysed the tensile hysteresis and re-swelling behaviour of a DN gel that shows a well-defined necking and strain hardening, and obtained the following new findings: 1) Fracture of the 1st network PAMPS starts far below the yielding strain, and 90% of the initially load-bearing PAMPS chains already break at the necking point. 2) The dominant internal fracture process occurs in the necking and hardening region, although the softening mainly occurs before necking. 3) The internal fracture efficiency is very high, 85% of the work is used for the internal fracture and 9% of all PAMPS chains break at sample failure. 4) The internal fracture is anisotropic, fracture occurs preferentially perpendicular to the tensile direction than other two directions, but the fracture anisotropy decreases in the hardening region. Results 1) and 2) is in agreement with a hierarchical structural model of the PAMPS network. Based on these findings, we present a revised description of the fracture process of DN gels.

Topic: Hydrogels: synthesis, properties, applications
Subfield: Molecular Medicine
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Studies on the Determination of Species and Cultivars on the Basis of Electrophoretic Patterns of Seed Protein and Seed Enzymes

The problem of whether cultivars of Brassica spp., Raphanus sativus or Cucurbita spp, could be determined by using the electrophoretic patterns of seed protein or seed enzymes as taxonomic criteria was studied.For the preparation of protein samples, five grams of seeds were ground in a pestle and then mixed into 20ml of a phosphate-buffered saline solution. Extraction proceeded overnight in a refrigerator; then the gruel was centrifuged, the supernatant filtered clear and adjusted to pH 8.0 with 0.1M KOH. The solution was placed in a refrigerator for one hour and then centrifuged. The supernatant was freeze-dried, and the prepared protein was stored dry at -20°C. For the preparation of enzyme samples, one gram of seeds was ground in a pestle and then mixed into four to six ml of a phosphatebuffered saline solution. Extraction proceeded two hours in a refrigerator; then the gruel was centrifuged and the supernatant was freeze-stored at -20°C.Electrophoresis was carried out with acrylamide gel disc.The results are summerized in Table 1.1. Brassica species: Protein, peroxydase, LDH, esterase., acid phosphatase, ADH, GDH and CA were available for the determination of species of Brassica crop seeds. However, none of these electrophoretic patterns could support a conclusive determination for each species, and it was necessary to use at least two to three kinds of electrophoresis for the full determination.Electrophoretic zymograms of peroxydase of B. nigra, Ba juncea and B. carinata were similar to one another, suggesting that these reactions were controlled by a genom b which these species possessed in common.No difference of electrophoretic patterns of protein and enzymes was observed among cultivars in each species. It was considered from this experiment that Chinese cabbage, turnip, Pak-choi, etc, had better be included in one species, that is, B. campestris, rather than be separated respectively into B. pekinensis, B. raga, B. chinensis, etc.2. Radish: No difference of electrophoretic patterns of seed protein and enzymes was observed among cultivars or groups of cultivars of radish.3. Cucurbita species: For the separation of species only two kinds of electrophoresis were available, and they each detected only one species among the four species. Protein patterns separated C. pepo from the other four species and esterase patterns separated C. ficifolia from the other four species. It was impossible forC. moschata, C. maxima and Fl of these species to be separated from one another with their electrophoretic patterns.

Topic: Photosynthetic Processes and Mechanisms
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Formation of Chromitite Seams and Associated Anorthosites in Layered Intrusion by Reactive Volatile-rich Fluid Infiltration

Abstract Drilling related to development of the platinum-group element deposit of the J-M Reef of the Stillwater Complex returned samples of a rare chromitite seam between anorthosite and norite in a discordant anorthositic body. Plagioclase core An concentrations are marginally higher and modestly reversely zoned on the norite side (average Ancore = 83·8; average Ancore – Anrim = –1·1) as compared with the anorthosite side (average Ancore 82·5; average Ancore – Anrim = +1·0). The anorthosites are also characterized by a slightly smaller average plagioclase grain size than plagioclase in the norite (1·41 mm and 1·54 mm, respectively). The chromite can contain single and polyphase inclusions of orthopyroxene, plagioclase, amphibole, biotite and Cl-rich apatite. These and other compositional and textural features, as well as inference from other discordant anorthositic bodies in the Banded series, are all consistent with a chromatographic model of chromite precipitation at a reaction front as a norite protolith reacts with a Cl-rich aqueous fluid saturated in plagioclase alone. Chromitite seam formation is modeled using an infiltration metasomatic model, in which a fluid becomes progressively undersaturated in pyroxene as it rises into the hotter part of the crystal pile. As this pyroxene-undersaturated fluid moves through a noritic protolith, it dissolves the Cr-bearing orthopyroxene to produce an anorthosite. Chromite precipitates at the reaction front between the anorthosite and the norite owing to liberation of Mg and Cr from pyroxene. Continuous redissolution and reprecipitation of chromite occurs as the pyroxene dissolution front moves in the direction of fluid flow, collecting the Cr lost from the anorthosite. Owing to Cr dissolved mainly as a neutral divalent cation complex, CrCl(OH)0, in the solution, but incorporated as a trivalent cation in chromite, the required redox reaction can involve concurrent precipitation of sulfide with chromite. This mechanism differs from some recent models in that the anorthosites are themselves replacement bodies and are not original precipitates from a magma nor formed by loss of mafic material by partial melting. The results show the need for experimental mineral solubility data at T and P conditions appropriate to upper crustal mafic–ultramafic intrusions.

Topic: Geological and Geochemical Analysis
Subfield: Geophysics
Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences
Domain: Physical Sciences
The Role of Physicians’ Attitudes and the Provision of Hepatitis C Virus Treatment to People Who Inject Drugs

Inadequate hepatitis C virus (HCV) assessment and treatment among people who inject drugs (PWID) is a result of patient, provider and health system level barriers. Low HCV treatment rates continue even though guidelines have been revised to consider HCV treatment among PWID on a case-by-case basis. If accessibility to HCV treatment were increased, especially to PWID this would greatly decrease the pool of communicable disease. In order to successfully control and prevent HCV infection PWID must be actively engaged in the treatment process. Physicians’ attitudes towards HCV treatment can be represented in studies as views that are directly perceived by the physician or indirectly as perceived by the patient who is under the care of the physician. The current review focuses on examining both the indirect and direct views of physician’s attitudes in treating HCV-infected PWID and examines how this influences and impacts provision of HCV treatment. A review of the literature suggests that physician’s have varied attitudes towards their patients who use recreational drugs and who are HCV positive. Moreover it is the negative associations between HCV and drug use that can impact HCV treatment accessibility and affect the number of people who can actively begin treatment.

Topic: Hepatitis C virus research
Subfield: Hepatology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Comparison of Experimental and Theoretical Double Differential Cross Sections of CH<sub>4</sub>at 250 eV Impact Energy

In this study, experimental and theoretical double dierential cross section (DDCS) data for methane-electron interaction mechanism after the impact of a 250 eV electron have been comprehensively determined for a wide energy range of the detected electron, from 50 to 225 eV.The rst Born-One Coulomb wave modeling with Gamow factor has been calculated to analyze experimental DDCS results for a correct description of the electron impact ionization of methane molecule.It is found that these theoretical calculations are successful to describe the postcollision interaction eects due to the Coulomb long-range interaction between the outgoing electrons in the nal state.A considerable agreement is found between experimental and theoretical results.

Topic: Atomic and Molecular Physics
Subfield: Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
The loyalty of the audience of TV Channel Domashny and instruments of branding

In this article we are discussing the loyalty of the audience of TV Channel Domashny and instruments of branding. TV Channel attains the loyalty of television viewers not only by themed programmes but by means of PR and advertising campaings to which CTC Media pays great attention.

Topic: Marketing and Advertising Strategies
Subfield: Marketing
Field: Business, Management and Accounting
Domain: Social Sciences
IMMU-39. COMBINATION OF RADIOTHERAPY WITH A 4-1BB AGONIST ANTIBODY AND A TIM-3 APTAMER RESULTS IN ENHANCED SURVIVAL IN A DIPG MODEL

Diffuse intrinsic pontine gliomas (DIPGs) are aggressive pediatric tumors. Despite advances in targeted treatments radiotherapy remains as the standard treatment being just palliative. The lack of effective therapies represents a critical unmet need for many pediatric solid tumors. Cancer immunotherapy is an ideal alternative choice since the immune response is highly specific; it would persist along time creating memory and will get rid of infiltrative cells even if they are far away. 4-1BB is a major costimulatory receptor promoting the survival and expansion of activated T cells. Aptamers are high-affinity single-stranded nucleic acid ligands that exhibit remarkable affinity and specificity to their targets, comparable or exceeding that of antibodies. TIM-3 is a negative regulator of lymphocyte function that is involved in T-cell exhaustion. In this work we examined the anti-tumor effect of radiotherapy in combination with an agonist 4-1BB antibody and an aptamer against TIM-3. Of importance neither of the treatments resulted in fatal toxicities. Moreover, Combination treatment of 4-1BB with radiotherapy resulted in a significant improvement in survival in mice bearing DIPG orthotopic tumors when compared with single treatment. In addition, this combination led to long-term survivors (90 days). Currently we are performing rechallenge experiments in these animals. Further combination of radiotherapy, with the 4-1BB antibody and the TIM-3 aptamer, that released the immune suppression, is currently under study. At this point the combination between the three approaches showed lack of toxicity. Survival studies are on-going. Mechanistic studies performed on day 16 showed an increase in CD8 effector cells, a decrease in T-regulators Foxp3+ cells and an increase in INF-gamma expression suggesting the triggering of an antitumor-immune response. These results suggest that immuno-therapies approaches in combination with radiotherapy would be worth to explore in the treatment of deadly DIPGs.

Topic: Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
Subfield: Immunology
Field: Immunology and Microbiology
Domain: Life Sciences
John Duns Scotus, Franciscan theologian philosopher, a thinker for our times: in place of a biography

An overview of the life and intellectual legacy of the Franciscan theologian-philosopher John Duns Scotus (died 1308), sometimes called Scotland's greatest philosopher, draws on the most recent historical scholarship and treatments of his thought. From his origins in Duns, Scotland, to his influential tenure in Paris and death in Cologne, Scotus's life is considered alongside his important doctrines: the univocity of being, which reshapes metaphysical discourse, and the Immaculate Conception of Mary, a cornerstone of his theological impact. This discussion clarifies the context and significance of the ‘charge of heresy’ sometimes linked to Scotus, and considers modern engagements with Scotus's thought – both positive and critical – which point to his enduring relevance.

Topic: Medieval Philosophy and Theology
Subfield: Philosophy
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
The selection of conduits for coronary artery bypass surgery

Coronary artery bypass grafting is the most common adult cardiac surgery operation performed in the United States and probably worldwide. Complete revascularization and excellent patency of the implanted grafts are the primary aims of coronary artery bypass grafting; individualized selection of conduits appropriate for the specific coronary anatomy and clinical characteristics of each patient is key to achieving this goal.

Topic: Cardiac and Coronary Surgery Techniques
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences