jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Gender and Age Detection using Deep Learning

For the past few years, gender and age detection has been an active area of study and researchers have been putting a lot of effort to contribute quality research in this area. Starting from preprocessing of data to building a model which gives high precision results is tedious task for researchers. There is a immense dormant field of study as it can be used in monitoring, surveillance, human-computer interaction and security. However, there is still a lack of the performance of existing methods on real live images. Many difficult tasks such as computer vision, speech recognition, and natural language processing are easily solved with deep learning. Therefore, the approach of deep learning remarkably growing and this also takes place in image classification. Therefore, to analyses and focuses on comparative study of different algorithms for gender and age recognition system to give elevated degree of precision is required.

Topic: Face recognition and analysis
Subfield: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Zerumbone with Hydroxypropyl-β-Cyclodextrin Inclusion Complex as a Potential Treatment for Gastritis

Background and Objective: Acute and chronic gastritis both possess dyspeptic symptoms.The objective of present study was to explore the effect of zerumbone on the acute or chronic gastritis.Materials and Methods: The study was divided into three different groups of 220 patients each.Zerumbone with hydroxypropyl-$-cyclodextrin the inclusion complex was prepared by the freeze-drying method.All patients of vehicle group, treatment group and control group were injected with 2 mL Water For Injection (WFI), 2 mL solution containing 20 µM doses of zerumbone and 0.15 g ranitidine capsule taken orally, respectively for 20 days.All patients were analyzed by gastric endoscopic examination.The biopsies of gastric tissue were made to perform the histopathological study and urea breath tests.The oneway ANOVA/the Dunnettʼs multiple comparison tests were used for significant difference of scores at 95% level of confidence.Results:Zerumbone treatment was prevented epigastric pain, nausea, anorexia, vomiting and inflammation of gastric mucosa after 20 days of treatment (p<0.05 for all parameters).Numbers of patients with infection of Helicobacter pylori were 22 and 2 (p<0.05) for before and after zerumbone treatment.Conclusion: Zerumbone treatment was quite effective and safe in acute and chronic gastritis with or without Helicobacter pylori infection Clin.

Topic: Ginger and Zingiberaceae research
Subfield: Pharmacology
Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics
Domain: Life Sciences
Analysis of Natural Killer cell functions in patients with hereditary hemochromatosis

Hereditary hemochromatosis (HH) is an autosomal-recessive disorder of the iron metabolism. Patients are typically affected by dysregulated iron levels, which can lead to iron accumulation within essential organs, such as liver, heart and pancreas. Furthermore, many HH patients are also afflicted by several immune defects and increased occurrence of autoimmune diseases that are linked to human homeostatic iron regulator protein (HFE) in the immune response. Here we examined immune cell phenotype and function in 21 HH patients compared to 21 healthy controls with a focus on Natural Killer (NK) cells. We observed increased basal and stimulated production of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β or IL-18 in HH patients compared to healthy controls. However, we did not find major changes in the phenotype, the amount or the cytotoxic function of NK cells in HH patients. Instead, our data show a general decrease in the total number of granulocytes in HH patients (2774 ± 958 per μl versus 3457 ± 1122 per μl in healthy controls). These data demonstrate that NK cells of HH patients are not significantly affected and that the patients’ treatment by regular phlebotomy is sufficient to avoid systemic iron overload and its consequences to the immune system.

Topic: Iron Metabolism and Disorders
Subfield: Hematology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Clinical Features, Treatment, and Outcomes of Retinoblastoma in China

Background This review determined clinical features and treatment outcomes of retinoblastoma patients in China, which ranks second in incidence globally and is among the countries listed to produce 4,000 new cases of the estimated world's retinoblastoma cases in 2023. Methods A search was done using different databases for literatures on retinoblastoma in China published from 2010 to 2020. The articles were then reviewed for clinical features, treatment, and outcomes. Results Ten articles that included 3,702 patients involving ∼4,412 eyes seen in China from 1957 to 2019 were analyzed. Median age at consult ranged from 18 to 30 months and mean lag of consultation was 4 to 6 months. More males were affected (58%). Seventy-nine percent had unilateral disease. Retinoblastoma was assumed intraocular in 4,123(89%) eyes with ≥996(22%) belonging to group E of International Intraocular Retinoblastoma Classification/International Classification of Retinoblastoma. Extraocular extension was present in 415 (9%) eyes with 845 patients having direct extraocular extension, while 54 had distant metastasis. Enucleation was the most used treatment procedure specially in unilateral disease done in at least 2,781 (74%) eyes. Median follow-up period ranged from 14 to 47 months. Functional vision was retained in 48 (2%) eyes. Globe salvage rate for group A to D eyes ranged from 56 to 100%. Highest globe salvage rate for group D was 87% and 70% for group E. Overall survival rate was 1,655/1898 (87%), ranging from 81 to 100%. Overall mortality was 4%. Discussion Clinical profile and management options for retinoblastoma in China changed overtime improving outcomes. Globe salvage and survival rate were high for those with intraocular disease.

Topic: Ocular Oncology and Treatments
Subfield: Ophthalmology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
CCDC 265899: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.

Topic: Crystallization and Solubility Studies
Subfield: Materials Chemistry
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Photoacoustic inspection of matching layers of ultrasonic air-coupled transducers

The quality of matching layers suitable for air-coupled transducers was studied with an air-coupled photoacoustic microscope. The matching layers studied were silica aerogel and balsa wood. Ultrasonic pulses were used to determine the ultrasound absorption profiles of aerogel-glass and balsa-wood-glass interfaces. The results show a need for developing bonding techniques. The main advantages of the method considered are its noncontacting character and the good control of the bandwidth, the power, and the geometry of the sound beam. The drawback of the method is a fairly long measurement time, because of which the main use of the measurement method would be the development of transducer-manufacturing techniques.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>

Topic: Thermography and Photoacoustic Techniques
Subfield: Mechanics of Materials
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Automated breast cancer diagnosis using artificial neural network (ANN)

Early diagnosis and detection of breast cancer can be improved by deploying automated breast cancer applications. However, efficient algorithms have to be developed to detect texture features or morphological features or descriptor features that can possibility detect the presence of abnormalities in the breast. In this research work, image enhancement techniques, breast segmentation techniques, feature representation and classification methods have been explored and applied on mammograms and ultrasound images obtained from mini-MIAS and BCDR repositories. To predict the presence of lesions in images, Bayesian Neural Network (BNN) was adopted. This technique provides a sensitivity of 100% and is capable of extracting features from both mammograms and ultrasound images. To determine whether an image contains calcifications, which is a sign of the presence of cancer, support vector machine has been explored. The performance of the application is provided in terms of sensitivity, specificity, false positive and false negatives.

Topic: AI in cancer detection
Subfield: Artificial Intelligence
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Experimental Production of Cold Agglutinins in Rabbits

Abstract The kinetics, serologic and immunochemical characteristics of cold agglutinins (CA) produced in rabbits by the intravenous injection of HKLM serotype 4b have been studied. The cold agglutinin was a γM-immunoglobulin. It agglutinated autologous, allogeneic and human erythrocytes at 4 C. In the presence of complement the CA was hemolytic in vitro and in vivo. The relevance of these observations to concepts of autoimmunity is discussed.

Topic: Blood groups and transfusion
Subfield: Hematology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
A Note on Rationalizability and Restrictions on Beliefs

Rationalizability is a widely accepted solution concept in the study of strategic-form games with complete information and is fully characterized in terms of assumptions on the rationality of the players and common certainty of rationality.Battigalli and Siniscalchi extend rationalizability taking as given some exogenous restrictions on players' beliefs and derive the solution concept called ?-rationalizability. This new solution concept has been applied to games with incomplete information as well as dynamic games.On this note, I focus on games with incomplete information and characterize ?-rationalizability with a new notion of iterative dominance that is able to capture the additional hypothesis on players' beliefs.

Topic: Economic theories and models
Subfield: Economics and Econometrics
Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance
Domain: Social Sciences
Screening and identification of irregular antibodies in blood donation

The antibody screening of 26,527 blood donors at Songklanagarind Hospital was analyzed. The saline technique found 265 samples were positive, accounting for identification of irregular antibodies in the positive sample was studied by panel cell. Anti-Lea, anti-Leb, anti-Lea+b, anti-Mia, anti-P1, anti-E and anti-c were detected in 111, 55, 72, 4, 13, 2 and 1 samples respectively. Confirmation of the results was obtained by red cell typing, which used an in-house antibody prepared from donated plasma with a known antibody. The known antibody plasma was stock in aliqouts at -20 oC for red cell typing. Antibody identification in donated blood is very useful for patients. The in-house antibody reduced the hospital cost because commercial antibodies are very expensive, about 1,000 baht/ml.

Topic: Blood groups and transfusion
Subfield: Hematology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
CO<sub>2</sub> Reduction on a Manganese‐Porphyrin System. How Does Manganese Compare to Iron?

Electrochemical reduction of CO 2 in water on first‐row transition metal catalysts is a challenging reaction and is important from a sustainability perspective. Metal‐porphyrins have been shown to be suitable catalysts for the efficient reduction of CO 2 to CO and water, particularly when iron(0) is bound into the porphyrin ligand. These systems work especially well with a proton donor or acceptor group in the second‐coordination sphere of the metal center that assists with the proton‐relay steps. In this work, through a detailed set of computational studies the activity of low‐valent manganese‐porphyrins is tested for CO 2 reduction in water. The calculations show that the manganese‐porphyrin has similar reduction potential to the iron‐porphyrin but may relay the protons quicker. As such, manganese‐porphyrin is predicted to be more efficient than iron‐porphyrin for reducing CO 2 into CO and water.

Topic: CO2 Reduction Techniques and Catalysts
Subfield: Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment
Field: Energy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Improving Maternal Mental Health as a Pathway to Economic Mobility in the TANF System

A model that fully embedded CBT delivery in a TANF system was acceptable to low-income parenting women and TANF staff and reduced depressive symptoms among the women. The scalability of interventions to address maternal depression among low-income women has presented a challenge. Delivering mental health interventions in the U.S. TANF system may offer a scalable method to reduce depression and increase employment in a population bearing a high mental health burden.

Topic: Maternal Mental Health During Pregnancy and Postpartum
Subfield: Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Quantized Adaptive Control of Linear Uncertain System with Convex Analysis

In this paper, the adaptive control problem of linear uncertain system with quantized state feedback is considered. As the quantized state feedback is discontinuous, the classical adaptive control scheme can not be applied directly. For such a case, the convex analysis methodology is applied. The controller and parameter update law with quantized state feedback is treated as convex combination of some smooth signals. Further, the quantizer is designed to ensure the stability of the closed-loop system.

Topic: Stability and Control of Uncertain Systems
Subfield: Control and Systems Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Automated Electrokinetic Platform for High-Throughput Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate Depletion Ahead of Proteome Analysis by Mass Spectrometry

Sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) provides numerous benefits for proteome sample preparation. However, the surfactant can be detrimental to downstream mass spectrometry analysis. Although strategies are available to deplete SDS from proteins, each is plagued by unique deficiencies that challenge their utility for high-throughput proteomics. An optimal approach would rapidly and reproducibly achieve less than 10 ppm residual SDS while simultaneously maximizing analyte recovery. Here, we describe improvements to a simple electrokinetic device termed transmembrane electrophoresis, which we previously reported for automated, rapid SDS depletion of proteome samples. Voltage-driven transport of SDS across a molecular weight cutoff membrane is enhanced at higher electric fields, which is herein achieved by integrating an active cooling mechanism to mitigate the impacts of Joule heating. We report 99.9% reduction of SDS (final concentration < 5 ppm) in 5 min. The device is employed in a detergent-based proteomic workflow for analysis of an enriched yeast membrane proteome extract, demonstrating quantitative protein recovery (>98%) and increasing the number of identifications by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.

Topic: Mass Spectrometry Techniques and Applications
Subfield: Spectroscopy
Field: Chemistry
Domain: Physical Sciences
The Role of Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells and Their Extracellular Vesicles in Rheumatoid Arthritis

There is presently no cure for the chronic inflammatory disease rheumatoid arthritis (RA), which affects the joints and other organs. Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) are adult stem cells that are widely studied in inflammatory diseases. Several studies have shown the therapeutic effects of MSCs in preclinical and clinical RA. However, there are a few concerns regarding the use of MSCs, such as immune rejection and malignancy. Since MSCs exert their potential effects in a paracrine manner, more attention has been paid to their extracellular vesicles (MSC-EVs). In the current study, we reviewed the application of MSCs and their EVs in RA. A better understanding of the mechanisms driving MSC and MSC-EVs in RA offers insight into possible treatment options for RA.

Topic: Extracellular vesicles in disease
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Tucum-do-Cerrado (Bactris setosa Mart.) May Promote Anti-Aging Effect by Upregulating SIRT1-Nrf2 Pathway and Attenuating Oxidative Stress and Inflammation

Aging may be related to oxidative damage accumulation and a low-grade inflammation, both responses are modulated by iron and phytochemicals. This study investigated the effect of tucum-do-cerrado (Bactris setosa Mart.) consumption on the expression of sirtuins (SIRT 1 and 3) and senescence marker protein-30 (SMP30), and on the redox and inflammatory responses, in adult rats supplemented or not with dietary iron. Male Wistar rats were treated for 12 weeks with: control diet (CT); iron enriched-diet (+Fe); control diet + 15% tucum-do-cerrado (Tuc); or iron enriched-diet + 15% tucum-do-cerrado (Tuc + Fe). Iron supplementation (+Fe) increased liver, spleen and intestine iron levels, transferrin saturation, serum iron, serum TNF-α and IL-6 levels, hepatic carbonyl content and and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, hepatic Nrf2 protein and Nqo1 mRNA levels and decreased the renal Sirt1 mRNA levels in relation to CT group. Tucum-do-cerrado consumption (Tuc) increased hepatic SOD activity, Nrf2 and SIRT1 mRNA and protein contents, and Nqo1 mRNA levels, while it decreased the renal SOD activity compared with the CT diet. The consumption of tucum-do-cerrado associated with the iron-enriched diet (Tuc + Fe) increased the iron levels in tissues and serum transferrin saturation, compared to the CT diet, while promoting a decrease in hepatic carbonyl and renal malondialdehyde levels, marginally reducing serum IL-6 levels, and increasing hepatic SIRT1 protein content, renal Sirt1 and hepatic Nrf2 mRNA levels, compared to the +Fe group. None of the treatments altered Smp30 mRNA levels. The results suggest that tucum-do-cerrado consumption might promote an anti-aging effect by increasing SIRT1 expression, which may enhance Nrf2 mRNA and protein levels and its downstream pathway, which in turn decrease oxidative damage to proteins and the levels of inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and TNF-α), induced by iron excess.

Topic: Biochemical effects in animals
Subfield: Physiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Evaluation of Pharmacist Involvement in Medicare Wellness Visits

Purpose: To evaluate the difference in the number of drug therapy interventions between patients seen by pharmacists and patients seen by nonpharmacist providers during Medicare Annual Wellness Visits (AWVs). Methods: Pharmacists completed the medication history portion of AWVs at a primary care, interdisciplinary clinic in Central Texas. Drug therapy problems were collected and compared to those identified by physicians conducting AWVs. Drug therapy problems were grouped into 4 categories: indication, effectiveness, safety, and adherence. Each category was divided into subcategories to further specify the problem. Results: Fifty patients received an AWV in each group. Pharmacists identified more drug therapy problems in all 4 categories as compared to physicians (100 vs 20 interventions, respectively) and significant differences were detected in most subcategories: indication without medication ( P = .005), suboptimal regimen ( P = .0034), drug–drug interaction ( P = .0267), warning/precaution requiring additional monitoring ( P = .0267), nonadherence ( P = .0058), and patient lack of understanding medication therapy ( P = .005). Conclusion: Pharmacist involvement in AWVs helped identify drug therapy problems.

Topic: Pharmaceutical Practices and Patient Outcomes
Subfield: Geriatrics and Gerontology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease: experimental transmission in the guinea pig.

An experimental disease could be serially propagated in the guinea pig by intracerebral inoculation of cerebrospinal fluid or brain suspensions from 8 patients with Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD). The disease, characterized by tremor, ataxia and convulsions, appeared after a long incubation period (370-420 days). Microscopic lesions and electron optic features were similar to those described in human CJD and in experimental CJD in the chimpanzee.

Topic: Prion Diseases and Protein Misfolding
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Recurrent Pyogenic Cholangitis: Efficacy of Two-Phase Helical CT

Purpose : To evaluate the radiologic findings of the serous cystadenomas of the pancreas with macrocystic or unilocular variants and to compare them with the pathologic findings. \nMaterials and Methods : In eight patients (7 females and 1 male ranging in age from 26 to 49 [mean, 37] years) with surgically proven serous cystadenomas, the findings of abdominal CT(n=8), abdominal songography(US, n=8), endoscopic retrograde pancreatography(ERCP, n=6), endoscopic sonography(EUS, n=3), and MRI(n=1) were evaluated. The location and size of tumors, lobulation, internal septa, solid component, \ncalcification. communication with the pancreatic duct, dilatation of the proximal pancreatic duct, and contrast enhancement on CT were assessed and compared with the pathologic findings. \nResults : Tumors were located in the head(n=3), body(n=3) and tail (n=2), and their mean size was 4 (range, 1-8)cm. Abdominal CT scanning revealed well-defined cystic masses composed of macrocyst(s) with calcification (n=3) and dilatation of the proximal duct (n=2). Three cases showed contrast enhancement of the cystic walls, the pathologic examination of which revealed fibrotic tissues .Four tumeurs were unilocular without septation or lobulation; these features, together with calcification, were depicted more clearly by US and EUS. ERCP revealed no communication between the cysts and pancreatic ducts. Imaging studies showed that macrocystic adenomas were superimposed on mucinous cystadenomas, and unilocular adenomas were indistinguishable from pseudocysts.\nConclusion : Serous cystadenomas of the pancreas with macrocystic or unilocular variants are common in middle-aged women. Features present due to the existence of fibrotic tissues, and which may be reveled by contrast-enhanced CT, include internal septa, calcification, duct dilation, and prominent enhancement of the cystic wall. Serous cystadenoma should be included in the differential diagnosis of macrocystic or unilocular \ncystic lesions of the pancreas.

Topic: Gallbladder and Bile Duct Disorders
Subfield: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences