jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
What evidence exists for myofunctional therapy with prefabricated appliances? A systematic review with meta-analyses of randomised trials

Objective:To assess the treatment efficacy/efficiency with prefabricated myofunctional appliances (PMA) for children with malocclusion.Data sources:Nine databases searched without limitations till July 2019.Data selection:Randomised trials comparing PMAs to functional appliance treatment or no treatment.Data extraction:Study selection, data extraction and risk of bias assessment were done in duplicate.Data synthesis:Random-effects meta-analyses of mean differences (MDs) or relative risks (RRs) with their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were conducted on seven publications (three published and one unpublished trials; 232 patients; 53% male; mean age 10.2 years). Compared to no treatment, one trial indicated that PMAs were somewhat effective in reducing overjet (MD −2.4; 95% CI −3.3 to −1.5), reducing overbite (MD −2.5; 95% CI −3.2 to −1.8), reducing mandibular crowding (RR 0.4; 95% CI 0.2–0.8) and establishing Class I canine relationship (RR = 2.3; 95% CI 1.1–4.9). However, compared to custom-made functional appliances, three trials indicated that PMAs were less effective in reducing the ANB angle (MD 0.9; 95% CI 0.5–1.4), increasing mandibular ramus length (MD −2.2; 95% CI −2.9 to −1.51), reducing overjet (MD 1.5; 95% CI 0.9–2.1), establishing a solid Class I molar relationship (RR 0.3; 95% CI 0.2–0.7), reducing the nasolabial angle (MD 5.8; 95% CI 0.8–10.8) and reducing facial convexity (MD −2.6; 95% CI −4.3 to −0.9). Finally, the quality of evidence was moderate to low due to risk of bias.Conclusions:PMAs are more effective in reducing overjet, overbite, mandibular crowding and establishing Class I canine relationship than no treatment. However, compared to custom-made functional appliances, PMAs are less effective in producing dental, skeletal or soft-tissue changes, even though they are less costly.

Topic: Bacterial Infections and Vaccines
Subfield: Microbiology
Field: Immunology and Microbiology
Domain: Life Sciences
An Analysis of the Distance Parameter of Spatial Interaction Model

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the distance parameter of spatial interaction model in the case of the greater Tokyo metropolitan area. The friction of distance is measured by the effect of the behavioral component in the distance parameter of the spatial interaction model. For attaining this purpose, the production-constrained entropy-maximizing model is applied to the automobile traffic flows in the study area. Obtained results are summarized as follows. Firstly, the distance parameter becomes lower in both the central and marginal parts and higher in these intermediate part in the greater Tokyo metropolitan area. Secondly, the configurational component which is empirically separated from the behavioral one in the distance parameter increases gradually and monotonously from the central part toward the periphery. Thirdly, the regional pattern of the remaining behavioral component shows something like the doughnut structure although this structure is less evident than that of the distance parameter. Fourthly, the structure of the greater Tokyo metropolitan area shows the concentric pattern in terms of both the behavioral component, i.e. the friction of distance, and its dominating factors including the activities of wholesale and retail sales, real estate, and agriculture, forestry and fisheries.

Topic: Spatial and Panel Data Analysis
Subfield: Economics and Econometrics
Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance
Domain: Social Sciences
Activities-Specific Balance Confidence in People with Multiple Sclerosis

Objective . To evaluate the validity of the Activities-specific Balance Confidence scale (ABC) in people with multiple sclerosis (PwMS). Design . A multicentre, cross-sectional study. Setting . Six rural and urban Swedish sites, including specialized units at hospitals and primary care centers. Participants . A sample of 84 PwMS with subjective gait and balance impairment but still able to walk 100 m (comparable with EDSS 1–6). Outcome Measures . Timed Up and Go, Timed Up and Go cog , 25-foot Timed Walk Test, Four Square Step Test, Dynamic Gait Index, Chair Stand Test, 12-item MS Walking Scale, self-reported falls, and use of assistive walking device were used for validation. Results . The concurrent convergent validity was moderate to good (0.50 to −0.75) with the highest correlation found for the 12-item MS Walking Scale. The ABC discriminated between multiple fallers and nonfallers but not between men and women. Ecological validity is suggested since ABC discriminated between users of assistive walking device and nonusers. The internal consistency was high at<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M1"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>α</mml:mi><mml:mo>=</mml:mo><mml:mn>0.95,</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:math>and interitem correlations were between 0.30 and 0.83. Conclusion . This study supports the validity of the ABC for persons with mild-to-moderate MS. The participants lacked balance confidence in many everyday activities, likely restricting their participation in society.

Topic: Balance, Gait, and Falls Prevention
Subfield: Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation
Field: Health Professions
Domain: Health Sciences
CCDC 616133: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.

Topic: Crystallization and Solubility Studies
Subfield: Materials Chemistry
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Relationship between the Number of Carbon Chains and the Antifungal Activity of 9-Straight Chain Alkylated Acridine Derivatives

The entire series of 9-straight chain alkylated acridine derivatives which are acridine (1, C0) -9-n-octiylacridine (9, C8) except C0 were synthesized and C0 was purchased. The relationship between the number of carbon chains on 9-straight chain alkylated acridine derivatives and their antifungal activity toward Aspergillus niger at pH 3.7, 5.2 and 7.0 was investigated by the paper disc method. The degrees of the antifungal activity of the tested compounds were estimated in terms of both initial strength (IS), which was obtained by measuring the diameter of the inhibition zone around each paper disc with the tested compound after 3 days incubation, and durability of the antifungal activity (DF). The diameter of inhibition zone (16.5mm) of 4-chloro-m-cresol at pH 5.2 after 3 days incubation at 25t was used as a control for the antifungal activity to be defined as f =100. The DF was estimated by the period until inhibition zone disappeared or f value after 10 days incubation when inhibition zone was observed continuously. Though the regularly relationship between the number of carbon chain and the antifungal activity was not consequently found, the existence of optimum number of the carbon chain at each tested pH was suggested. That is, the ranking of IS and DF were as follows.IS;pH3.7 : C7 (8) >C6 (7), C5 (6) >C8 (9), C4 (5) >C0 (1), C1 (2), C2 (3), C3 (4)pH5.2 : C0 (1) >C4 (5) >C5 (6) >C3 (4) >C7 (8), C1 (2) >C2 (3) >C8 (9) >C6 (7)pH7.0 : C0 (1) >C1 (2) >C4 (5) >C3 (4) >C5 (6) >C6 (7) >C7 (8) >C8 (9) >C2 (3) DF;pH3.7 : C7 (8) >C5 (6) >C6 (7) >C4 (5) >C8 (9) >C1 (2) >C0 (1) >C2 (3), C3 (4)pH5.2;C4 (5) >C5 (6) >C7 (8) >C6 (7) >C8 (9) >C3 (4) >C0 (1) >C1 (2) >C2 (3)pH7.0 : C7 (8) >C6 (7) >C8 (9) >C5 (6) >C1 (2) >C0 (1) >C2 (3), C3 (4), C4 (5)

Topic: Cancer therapeutics and mechanisms
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Diffusion of the Interspecies Electron Carriers H <sub>2</sub> and Formate in Methanogenic Ecosystems and Its Implications in the Measurement of <i>K</i> <sub> <i>m</i> </sub> for H <sub>2</sub> or Formate Uptake

We calculated the potential H 2 and formate diffusion between microbes and found that at H 2 concentrations commonly found in nature, H 2 could not diffuse rapidly enough to dispersed methanogenic cells to account for the rate of methane synthesis but formate could. Our calculations were based on individual organisms dispersed in the medium, as supported by microscopic observations of butyrate-degrading cocultures. We isolated an axenic culture of Syntrophomonas wolfei and cultivated it on butyrate in syntrophic coculture with Methanobacterium formicicum ; during growth the H 2 concentration was 63 nM (10.6 Pa). S. wolfei contained formate dehydrogenase activity (as does M. formicicum ), which would allow interspecies formate transfer in that coculture. Thus, interspecies formate transfer may be the predominant mechanism of syntrophy. Our diffusion calculations also indicated that H 2 concentration at the cell surface of H 2 -consuming organisms was low but increased to approximately the bulk-fluid concentration at a distance of about 10 μm from the surface. Thus, routine estimation of kinetic parameters would greatly overestimate the K m for H 2 or formate.

Topic: Microbial Metabolic Engineering and Bioproduction
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Tears of Sorrow: Healing the Heartbroken

Lecture given Saturday, June 26, 2004 at Abilene Christian University: "We live in a world of broken hearts only Jesus can mend. A man of sorrows, filled with compassion for God's children, Jesus calls us to respond with the same tenderness that changed the lives of the outcasts of His day. He calls us to cry for the brokenness in each other's lives and to rejoice over the captives being set free. Come explore what it means to be broken and how glorious it feels to be set free!"

Topic: Research on scale insects
Subfield: Insect Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
The Beatles and McLuhan: Understanding the Electric Age. By Thomas MacFarlane. Lanham, MD, Toronto and Plymouth: Scarecrow Press, 2013. 169 pp. ISBN: 978-0-8108-8432-8

An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content.

Topic: Media, Communication, and Education
Subfield: Communication
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Analysis on geological characteristics and ore-controlling factors of Nanjiang limonite deposit in Danzhou city,Hainan province

Nanjiang limonite deposit in Nanhao Formation(C1n),Danzhou city,Hainan province is a newly discovered deposit with limonite in veins or lenses and characterized by large size and high grade and qaulity iron ore.There are three groups of faults.The NNE-trending faults control ore bodies and serve the ore fluid conduits from Lanyang igneous rock body.Geologically,it is a hydrothermal iron deposit leached into limonite ore under favorable paleo-geographic and climate condition.It is marked by gossan at surface and potential for further exploration.

Topic: Geoscience and Mining Technology
Subfield: Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Treatment of the Urethral Syndrome in Women

A SYNDROME familiar to urologists is that which affects women and consists of urinary frequency; dysuria; "pressure"; pain in the low back, flank, and suprapubic area; occasional bleeding (most often blood on the toilet paper used after voiding); and often malaise and "tiredness." Although these symptoms are those of inflammation of the lower urinary tract, corroborative physical and laboratory findings are minimal if not absent altogether. There may be some suprapubic tenderness, and the genitalia and urethral meatus remain unremarkable. Urinalyses and pyelograms show normal results, as do tests of residual urine. The urethra has been commonly blamed for this syndrome, and many experienced observers find urethral stenosis, edema, hyperemia, granularity, polyps at the neck of the bladder, or exudate on the trigone.<sup>1</sup>Others doubt the significance of these findings and do not feel that they can be correlated with the symptomatology. Allergic and psychic factors,<sup>2</sup>senile atrophy,

Topic: Urinary Bladder and Prostate Research
Subfield: Urology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Visuo-haptic interactions in the occipito-temporal cortex: a TMS study of the Muller-Lyer illusion

The Müller-Lyer illusion occurs both in vision and touch, and transfers cross-modally from vision to haptics (Mancini, Bricolo, &amp; Vallar, 2010). Recent evidence suggests that the neural underpinnings of the Müller-Lyer illusion in the visual modality involve the bilateral Lateral Occipital Complex (LOC), and the right Superior Parietal Cortex (SPC). Conversely, the neural correlates of the haptic and cross-modal illusions have never been investigated before. Here we used repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) to address the causal role of the regions activated by the visual illusion in the generation of the visual, haptic, and cross-modal visuo-haptic illusory effects, investigating putative modality-specific vs. cross-modal underlying processes. rTMS was administered to the right and the left hemisphere, over the occipito-temporal or the superior parietal cortex (SPC). rTMS over the left and the right occipito-temporal cortex impaired both unisensory (visual, haptic), and cross-modal processing of the illusion in a similar fashion. Conversely, rTMS interference over the left and the right superior parietal cortex did not affect the illusion in any modality. These results demonstrate the causal involvement of the bilateral occipito-temporal cortex in the representation of the visual, haptic, and cross-modal Müller-Lyer illusion, in favor of the hypothesis of shared underlying processes. This indicates that the occipito-temporal cortex plays a cross-modal role in perception both of illusory and non-illusory shapes.

Topic: Visual perception and processing mechanisms
Subfield: Cognitive Neuroscience
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences
Distributed Turbo Product Codes over Multiple Relays

In this paper, we propose a Distributed Turbo Product Code (DTPC) over cooperative network using block Bose Chaudhuri Hochquenghem (BCH) codes as component codes. The source broadcasts extended BCH coded frames to the destination and nearby relays. After decoding the received sequences, each relay constructs a product code by arranging the corrected bit sequences in rows and re-encoding them vertically using BCH as component codes to obtain an Incremental Redundancy (IR) for source's data. To obtain independent vertical parities from each relay in the same code space, different circular interleavers are proposed to interleave BCH rows before reencoding vertically. A modified turbo product decoder to cope with Multiple Vertical Parities (MVP) is used at the destination to iteratively decode the systematic data from the source and the vertical parities generated by the relays. Simulation results in Additive White Gaussian Noise (AWGN) channel using network scenarios show 0.3-0.5dB gain improvement in Bit Error Rate (BER) performance over the non-cooperative Turbo Product Codes (TPC).

Topic: Cooperative Communication and Network Coding
Subfield: Computer Networks and Communications
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Making sense of place branding: Adopting a sensemaking, sensefiltering and sensegiving lens

People are at the heart of a participatory and collaborative place branding process which moves beyond focussing on logos and slogans to exploring the shared meanings, narratives and communication between a place’s stakeholders. However, there remains scant research on how brand meanings are developed and transferred across different stakeholder groups through stakeholder engagement. Using a case study based on thirty stakeholder interviews we apply and extend the sensemaking and sensegiving framework to examine how people form and convey meanings assigned to the places they live, work and invest in. This approach offers an explanation for managing complexity, transition and change which is at the heart of a participatory approach to place branding. By adding a sensefiltering layer, we show how influence can be shaped by stakeholders’ possession of resources and leadership. These findings help to explain why the claims to greater inclusion in participatory place branding remain problematic in practice.

Topic: Diverse Aspects of Tourism Research
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Becoming a Culturally Responsible Music Teacher: A Grounded Theory

Abstract Culturally responsible music teaching refers to practices of meaningfully connecting with students, engaging them in their own constructions of knowledge and art, and opening their minds to diverse potentials. This study concerns the ways that music teachers develop such pedagogical pillars across their lives and careers. I selected a constructivist grounded theory methodology to examine music teacher development as a complex, detailed process. Data came primarily from interviews with 31 progressive music teachers, with discussions around the processes and perceived influences on their development. Analysis consisted of coding, memoing, theoretical sampling, categorizing, theory building, and using a constant comparison approach. The resulting framework of becoming culturally responsible features five main developmental processes, each often described by participants as occurring simultaneously: (a) Inheriting and Maturing in Aspects of One's Origins, (b) Coming Into Caring for Students, (c) Coming to Appreciate What Connects to and Engages Students, (d) Unlocking Plural Practices, and (e) Rousing More Open Musical Dimensions. The five main influences of development are: (a) Role Models Who Inspire, (b) Students’ Resonance in Learning, (c) The Self, (d) Time/Experience, and (e) Supports (e.g., funding, resources). Finally, I provide implications for the paths that music teachers can follow—and that music teacher educators can better pave—toward becoming more “culturally responsible” pedagogues.

Topic: Diverse Music Education Insights
Subfield: Music
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Importance of Forecast Error Multivariate Correlations in Idealized Assimilations of GPS Radio Occultation Data with the Ensemble Adjustment Filter

Abstract The importance of multivariate forecast error correlations between specific humidity, temperature, and surface pressure in perfect model assimilations of Global Positioning System radio occultation (RO) refractivity data is examined using the Ensemble Adjustment Filter (EAF) and the NCAR global Community Atmospheric Model, version 3. The goal is to explore whether inclusion of the multivariate forecast error correlations in the background term of 3D and 4D variational data assimilation systems (3DVAR and 4DVAR, respectively) is likely to improve RO data assimilation in the troposphere. It is not possible to explicitly neglect multivariate forecast error correlations with the EAF because they are not used directly in the algorithm. Instead, the filter only makes use of the forecast error correlations between observed quantities (RO here) and model state variables. However, because the forecast error correlations for RO observations are dominated by correlations with a subset of state variable types in certain regions, the importance of multivariate forecast error correlations between state variables can be indirectly assessed. This is done by setting the forecast error correlations of RO observations and some state variables (e.g., temperature) to zero in a set of assimilation experiments. Comparing these experiments to a control in which all state variables are impacted by RO observations allows an indirect assessment of the importance of multivariate correlations between state variables not impacted by the observations and those that are impacted. Results suggest that proper specification of the multivariate forecast error correlations in 3DVAR and 4DVAR systems should improve the analysis of specific humidity, surface pressure, and temperature in the troposphere when assimilating RO data.

Topic: Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations
Subfield: Atmospheric Science
Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences
Domain: Physical Sciences
Estimation of some Genetic Parameters of Flax Genotypes (Linum usitatissimum L.) at Different Concentrations of NPK Nano Fertilizer

Abstract The field experiment was conducted during the winter season of 2022-2023 at the Field Crops Research Station of the College of Agriculture - Tikrit University. The experiment followed a totally randomized block design with three repetitions, organized in split plots. The primary panels consisted of three different concentrations (0, 100, and 200 mg L -1 ) of compound nano fertilizer, while the subsidiary panels contained additional information. The study examined six different genotypes of flax (Syrian, Sokha 6, Sokha 5, Short 8, Sokha 1, and Polish) to analyze various characteristics such as the duration from planting to 50% flowering, plant height, number of main branches, number of capsules, number of seeds per capsule, weight of 1000 seeds, seed yield, total seed yield, biological yield, harvest index, and oil percentage. Genetic parameters were also estimated for these genotypes. The results for each concentration of the nanocomposite fertilizer can be summarized as follows: The genetic variation values exceeded the environmental variation values for the attributes under study, across all three concentrations of the nano-complex fertilizer. The coefficient of genetic and phenotypic variation for plant height, number of capsules, seed yield per plant, total seed yield, and harvest index showed a moderate value, while the other characteristics exhibited a low value for each fertilizer concentration. The values can be either The heritability in the broad sense exhibited high values for all traits, particularly for the number of capsules per plant and total seed yield. Plant height and weight of 1000 seeds showed a moderate heritability. On the other hand, the biological yield of the plant and the harvest index displayed low heritability for the remaining traits at each concentration of the nano-complex fertilizer.

Topic: Seed Germination and Physiology
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences