jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Titanium Tetraiodide Induced Cyclization of 2‐(2‐Cyanoalk‐1‐enyl)‐β‐keto Esters into 2‐Iodopyridines.

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.

Topic: Advanced Synthetic Organic Chemistry
Subfield: Organic Chemistry
Field: Chemistry
Domain: Physical Sciences
Effect of Supplementation of Indigofera zollingeriana Top Leaf Meal in the Diets to the Slaughter Weight and Carcass of Pegagan Ducks

Abstract This study was aimed at determining effect of supplementation of Indigofera zollingeriana top leaf meal in the diets to the slaughter weight, carcass percentage, and commercial carcass slice percentage of Pegagan ducks. The method used was Completely Randomized Design consisting of 5 treatments and 4 replications. The treatments consisted of R0, R1, R2, R3, and R4, that are rations with supplementation of Indigofera zollingeriana top leaf meal of 0% (control), 1%, 2%, 3%, and 4%, respectively. Parameters observed were: slaughter weight, carcass percentage, and commercial carcass slice percentage. The findings indicated that the supplementation of Indigofera zollingeriana top leaf meal in the diets had not significantly (P&gt;0.05) to slaughter weight, carcass percentage, and commercial carcass slices of Pegagan ducks. The conclusion showed that the supplementation of Indigofera zollingeriana top leaf meal up to 4% can be used in the diets, cause does not negative affect to slaughter weight, carcass percentage, and commercial carcass slices percentage of Pegagan ducks.

Topic: Food and Agricultural Sciences
Subfield: Food Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
MicroRNA‐7 inhibits melatonin synthesis by acting as a linking molecule between leptin and norepinephrine signaling pathways in pig pineal gland

Abstract MicroRNAs, including microRNA‐7 (miR‐7), are important modulators of numerous gene expressions and the related biological processes. Melatonin is a key hormone regulating daily and seasonal rhythms, in which a variety of positive and negative regulatory factors, such as norepinephrine (NE) and leptin, are involved. However, the interactions among these factors and the mechanisms remain to be elucidated. The aims of the present study were to identify the functions and the related mechanisms of miR‐7 in regulating melatonin synthesis and secretion through in vitro and in vivo experiments in pineal gland of pigs, which is an important animal model for agricultural and biomedical studies. Our results firstly show that miR‐7 is specifically expressed in porcine pinealocytes and negatively regulates melatonin synthesis. The further functional studies show that the dynamic expression levels of miR‐7 are contrary to the melatonin levels throughout the day, and the forced inhibition of endogenous miR‐7 in porcine pinealocytes sharply increases arylalkylamine N ‐acetyltransferase (AANAT) expression by 80.0% ( P = 0.0031) and melatonin levels by 81.0% ( P = 0.0421), whereas miR‐7 over‐expression down‐regulates AANAT expression by 38.6% ( P = 0.0004) and melatonin levels by 37.6% ( P = 0.0212). In addition, the miR‐7 expression is up‐regulated by leptin through the JAK/STAT3 signaling pathway, and the in vivo intracerebroventricular injection of leptin increases miR‐7 expression by 80.0% ( P = 0.0044) in porcine pineal glands and reduces melatonin levels by 57.1% ( P = 0.0060) compared with the controls. This functional inhibition of melatonin synthesis by miR‐7 is accomplished by its binding to the 3′‐UTR of Raf1 . Further, our results demonstrate that the RAF1/MEK/ERK signaling pathway mediates NE‐induced AANAT expression, whereas leptin attenuates NE's function through miR‐7. Taken together, the results demonstrated that leptin activates the JAK/STAT3 signaling pathway to increase the expression of miR‐7, which acts as a negative regulatory molecule inhibiting NE‐activated RAF1/MEK/ERK signaling pathway by targeting Raf1 , resulting in decreased AANAT expression and melatonin synthesis. These findings suggest that miR‐7 is a novel negative regulator of melatonin synthesis and links leptin‐ and NE‐mediated signaling pathways in porcine pineal glands, which will contribute to our understanding in the establishment of the biological rhythms resulting from melatonin.

Topic: Circadian rhythm and melatonin
Subfield: Endocrine and Autonomic Systems
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences
Taking the Sting out of Wasp Nests: A Dialogue on Modeling in Mathematical Biology

Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image size Additional informationNotes on contributorsJennifer C. KleinJennifer Klein (klei0343@umn.edu) received her B.A. in chemistry with a biochemistry concentration in 2002 from the College of St. Benedict. She is currently enrolled in the Graduate Program in Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics at the University of Minnesota. She intends to continue integrating her mathematical and scientific interests.Thomas Q. SibleyTom Sibley (tsibley@csbsju.edu) received his Ph.D. in 1980 from Boston University. Before and after graduate school he taught in Africa for five years. He has taught at St. John's University in Minnesota since 1984. His main research interests focus on finite geometry and group theory, although he is developing an interest in mathematical biology. He enjoys traveling as well as listening to and performing classical music.

Topic: Gene Regulatory Network Analysis
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
A new evaluation method of second-breakdown resistibility in power transistors for automotive use.

Silicon power transistors of the n+-p-n-n+ type have been developed for automotive applications. In order to obtain highly reliable performance under the severe environmental conditions usual in such applications, the characteristics of power transistors having a high degree of second-breakdown resistibility were investigated and a method of evaluating such transistors was developed. A nondestructive method of evaluating resistibility to “thermal-mode” second-breakdown that uses the characteristic change in the current gain hFE of a transistor has been developed and applied to optimize the design of devices for automotive applications. The resistibility to “thermal-mode” second-breakdown of power transistor chips in hybrid integrated circuits was evaluated with this new method. It became clear that the thermal conditions between a chip and its almina substrate could be optimized to improve the resistibility to “thermal-mode” second-breakdown. Many kinds of automotive equipment that includes power transistors with a high degree of second-breakdown resistibility has been put to practical use in actual automobiles.

Topic: Electromagnetic Compatibility and Noise Suppression
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
The Lexical Shift in Japanese Sign Language (JSL) Toponyms: Accounting for the Preference of Complex over Simple Toponym Outputs

This work categorizes Japanese Sign Language (JSL) toponyms, or place names, and examines factors that potentially affect their structure. Exonyms, influenced by the source Japanese name, and endonyms, independent JSL names, contrast structurally in that exonyms tend to emerge as compounds while endonyms conform more closely to canonical monomorphemic JSL lexemes. Based on the contrast, one would expect the structurally more favorable, less marked, endonymic outputs to emerge as the norm; however, structurally inefficient exonymic forms do so. This study analyzes a collection of over 900 names from the 2009 Japan National Federation of the Deaf (JFD) National Toponym Sign Language Map to determine structural influences on JSL toponym outputs. A spreadsheet tracked morpheme counts and relationships between source name characters and their outputs to find categorical distributions. This study finds that JSL toponyms tend to disproportionally borrow Japanese morphemes associated with JSL character signs that map to the source characters. A character sign is a sign isomorphic in some respect to a Chinese-origin orthography. Favored indexation to such source morphemes demonstrates that source name familiarity can support the persistent spread of exonymic toponyms.

Topic: Hearing Impairment and Communication
Subfield: Developmental and Educational Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Aging in a high infection society

Increasing evidence suggests that aging is accelerated by exposure to infections and inflammation. Previous studies suggest that in environments where infection is high, the processes associated with aging will accelerate and indicators of the aging process will be more apparent at earlier ages than in environments where exposure to infection is relatively low. To further our understanding of aging and how biological and genetic indicators associated with aging vary in a high infection environment, the Tsimane of Bolivia are studied. The Tsimane are an indigenous population of forager-farmers with little access to modern medicine, high infectious morbidity, and high mortality.

Topic: Hermeneutics and Narrative Identity
Subfield: Philosophy
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
To the Northeast : the quiet center of Willa Cather's art and life

Willa Cather's writing gains much of its power from its conflicting impulses, often of a character seeking a personal meaning of home, occasionally of one finding it. This study explores the basis of Cather's personal feelings of dislocation, and how she attempted, especially in Shadows on the Rock, to find a spiritual center of her art and life. It also explores the role of the Northeastern culture in Cather's search for belonging, in part as this cultural legacy was bequeathed Cather by Sarah Orne Jewett. Shadows on the Rock, Cather's only novel set in the Northeast, more specifically in Quebec, is central to this study because of its treatment of French culture and the adaptation of that culture to the New World, and because of Cather's interpretations of seventeenth-century French-Canadian figures and their contributions to the spiritual and domestic identity of the frontier. The interplay Cather creates between her historically based and her purely fictional characters becomes the heart of this unconventionally plotted novel. Most simply put, the connection of these characters makes Shadows on the Rock a tale of domestic belonging achieved, largely through Cecile Auclair's representing of Old World traditions as they are adapted to life in the New World. Sources used in this study include Cather's texts and the little known historical materials upon which she drew, as well as recent criticism, histories, and biographies. A comparison of historical writings and Cather's fictive interpretations of such resources is especially revealing of Cather's aims and techniques in her search for spiritual integration. Conclusions gleaned from this study are that Cather's work gains force not only from the conflicting personal impulses she tried to resolve through her fiction, but also from her resolutions of these dichotomies in powerful scenes of connection and domesticity, especially in Shadows on the Rock. These images and themes may have been fostered by Jewett, and it is undeniable that the Northeast came to have a special significance for Cather; but the "quiet centre" of art and life revealed in her fiction remains at core uniquely Cather's.

Topic: American and British Literature Analysis
Subfield: Literature and Literary Theory
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Intersectoral Linkages of Malaysian Batik Industry: An Application of Input-Output Analysis

This paper examines the contribution of batik industry to the national economy through the idea of inter-industry linkages. Batik industry’s contribution to Malaysian economy is through the performances of the manufacturing in textiles, the development of tourism with being high-valued heritage products, and to the total Malaysian craft sales. The local batik entrepreneurs also require local traders of raw materials for producing batik from abroad to the local market. These shows that batik not only plays a vital role in fostering heritage and cultural, but it has economic values via its contribution to the other production sectors in economy. However, it is difficult to measure the economic contribution of the batik industry because there is no specific data on this industry in the SME Annual Report and the Malaysian Handicraft Annual Report. Thus, we used data from Malaysian Input-Output Table 2010 to measure the industrial linkages of batik industry with other production sector in Malaysian economic structure. It is found that batik industry has backward linkages with other production sectors. This result implies that stimulating growth in the output of the batik industry would benefit other sector through positive spillover effects due to the higher demand on the output of other sectors (e.g. textiles) to be used as inputs by batik firms in producing batik.

Topic: Cultural Industries and Urban Development
Subfield: Urban Studies
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Scattering Lengths in the Quark Model

A set of predictions concerning scattering lengths is obtained by means of the quark model. The results, however, hold also for some form of U(6)⊗U(6) invariance at rest.Received 10 February 1967DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.18.417©1967 American Physical Society

Topic: Quantum Chromodynamics and Particle Interactions
Subfield: Nuclear and High Energy Physics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Autonomic and sensory ganglionopathy occurring in a patient with fulminant type 1 diabetes mellitus

A 63‐year‐old male with a previous infection was admitted to our hospital because of acute pancreatitis. Although he had no history of diabetes mellitus, laboratory examinations revealed marked hyperglycemia on admission, and intensive insulin treatment was required. After 2 weeks, he developed severe pandysautonomia and sensory impairment, and eventually died from colonic perforation caused by paralytic ileus at 1 year after onset. Autopsy findings showed a complete loss of pancreatic islet beta cells with mild fibrosis of the exocrine pancreas. Neuropathological examination showed myelin loss of the dorsal fasciculus at all levels of the spinal cord and ganglionopathy of the dorsal root and sympathetic truncus, revealing degeneration of ganglion cells and a decrease in their number with the formation of N ageotte nodules. On the basis of this clinicopathological evidence, fulminant type 1 diabetes mellitus ( T 1 DM ) and idiopathic immune‐mediated autonomic neuropathy were suspected. Here, we suggest a close etiological relationship between both diseases.

Topic: Pain Mechanisms and Treatments
Subfield: Physiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Mixing a Covert and a Non-Covert User

This paper establishes the fundamental limits of a two-user single-receiver system where communication from User 1 (but not from User 2) needs to be undetectable to an external warden. Our fundamental limits show a tradeoff between the highest rates (or square-root rates) that are simultaneously achievable for the two users. Moreover, coded time-sharing for both users is fundamentally required on most channels, which distinguishes this setup from the more classical setups with either only covert users or only non-covert users. Interestingly, the presence of a non-covert user can be beneficial for improving the covert capacity of the other user.

Topic: Internet Traffic Analysis and Secure E-voting
Subfield: Artificial Intelligence
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Gender and skill dimensions of technological transitions at workplaces: the case of The Czech Republic, Poland and Slovakia

The study seeks to investigate the impact of technology on employment by gender and skills of the labour markets in the Czech Republic, Poland and Slovakia, and employs the VAR model to analyse the impact of technology on employment by gender. It also uses a panel cointegrated autoregressive distributed lag model for the impact of technology on employment by skill groups. The study finds that although technology impacts on employment of gender in the three countries, it is however gender neutral. This study also finds that in the long-term, technology impacts negatively on middle skill employment and positively on low skill and high skill employment in a similar pattern before and after the global financial crises. The impact of technology varies across countries in the short term, attributed to cross-country differences in labour market policies and institutions.

Topic: Labor market dynamics and wage inequality
Subfield: Economics and Econometrics
Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance
Domain: Social Sciences
Duplicate left gastric artery identified during laparoscopic distal gastrectomy

Abstract The reported incidence of duplicate left gastric artery is not very low, with a rate of 0.4%. However, there have been no reports of the surgical management of patients with a duplicate left gastric artery. Here, we report a 60‐year‐old Japanese man diagnosed with clinical T1bN0M0 stage IA gastric cancer. Preoperative 5‐mm slice CT showed no anatomical abnormality, and the patient underwent laparoscopic distal gastrectomy. When we dissected the nerve plexus around the left gastric artery with an ultrasonic vessel‐sealing device, pulsating bleeding was observed from a small vessel in the nerve plexus. The bleeding was stopped by suture and clipping. A 1.2‐mm vessel was identified on 1‐mm slice preoperative CT and postoperative CT angiography. The patient was discharged without any complications. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of a patient undergoing surgery for a duplicate left gastric artery.

Topic: Esophageal and GI Pathology
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
The kinetics of formation of the mono(acetylacetonato)iron(III) complex

The kinetics of the reactions between ferric ion and acetylacetone in aqueous solution have been studied. The rate equation when ferric ion is present in excess is: Rate =k1[Haca]+k2[Haca][Fe]+k3[Haca][Fe]/[H+]. The effect of variation of temperature and ionic strength have also been examined. The simplest interpretation of the data is that formation of the complex in the range of acidities studied takes place by three routes: (i) the slow formation of the anion of the ligand followed by rapid reaction of it with ferric ion; (ii) the reaction of neutral acetylacetone molecule with a ferric ion or of a protonated acetylacetone molecule with the hydroxo-species Fe(OH)2+; (iii) the reaction of a neutral acetylacetone molecule with the Fe(OH)2+ species.

Topic: Metal complexes synthesis and properties
Subfield: Oncology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Free, Fair or Flattery: Political Participation and the Media - A Case Study of the NGO Young African Leaders Initiative (YALI) and the Constitution Making Process in Zambia

Issues of democracy and the greater debate on development cannot go without an examination of the various agencies that play a role in the larger development agenda and in political participation in particular, including NGOs and the Media. Here media refers to both traditional media of television, radio and press and social media and WEB 2.0. The case of YALI and the constitution making process in Zambia, embedded in Jürgen Habermas’ public sphere theory and Peter Dahlgren’s civic cultures, illuminates how NGOs, when faced with threats, intimidation and censorship, strive to create a platform for civic engagement for citizens. The interaction and coming together of NGOs and the Media is of fundamental importance for a thriving democracy and for advancements of political engagement in Zambia. This thesis argues that given the dangers associated with getting involved in politics in Zambia due to threats and harassment by those in power, coupled with unfulfilled political promises and high illiteracy levels, there is a decline in political participation in Zambia. This study further demonstrates that the ideals of the civic culture circuit namely, knowledge, values, trust, spaces, practices and identities; as well as deliberative democracy, political participation, NGOs and the media, are all challenged in the case of YALI in Zambia.

Topic: Globalization and Cultural Identity
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Leadership Succession Practices And Employees’ Career Development In The Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation

The inability of organizations to have a well-articulated Leadership Succession plan and culture has led to disruptions in operations and leadership transition crisis. Limited literature is available on the relationship between leadership succession planning and employees career development in NNPC raising debate whether the link is tenable with the corporation. In the NNPC, there is no deliberate and structured plan for leadership succession. So, this study examined the effect of leadership succession planning on employees’ career development in NNPC. The Social Cognitive Career Theory and Common-Sense Theory were used to support this research. The study adopted descriptive survey research design. The population of the research consisted of 9,024 top level, middle level and lower level management (Supervisors) staff of the NNPC who has spent more than 5years in the organization and have up to 5 years before retirement age of 60 years and sample size of 1,960 was derived using Slovin formula and purposive sampling procedure. Structured questionnaire with a six-point modified Likert- Scale was administered with a 74.6% response rate (926) copies of the questionnaires came correctly and were used for the study. The data obtained from the questionnaire was analyzed quantitatively using descriptive and inferential statistics. The results revealed that there is lack of leadership succession planning and practices in NNPC. The also revealed that there is no established career path for every employee and professional groups in NNPC. The study concludes that Leadership Succession practice have no significant effect on Employee Career Development in NNPC. The study recommends that Federal Government should empower the NNPC to put in place proper Leadership Succession planning especially in HR itself. This can be achieved when the corporation embeds a formal employee career development policy and procedure. Also, NNPC should continuously be strategizing and moving with the global trend in HR practices and to learn about future possibilities. The NNPC management and staff should align themselves with strategies to survive in the changing global business reality Keywords: Leadership succession planning, Employees career development, NNPC, Corporations, Nigeria

Topic: Human Resource and Talent Management
Subfield: Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management
Field: Business, Management and Accounting
Domain: Social Sciences