jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
A modern approach to olfactory groove meningiomas

OBJECTIVE Management of olfactory groove meningiomas (OGMs) has changed significantly with the advances in extended endoscopic endonasal approaches (EEAs), which is an excellent approach for patients with anosmia since it allows early devascularization and minimizes retraction on the frontal lobes. Craniotomy is best suited for preservation of olfaction. However, not infrequently, a tumor presents after extending outside the reach of an EEA and a solely transcranial approach would require manipulation and retraction of the frontal lobes. These OGMs may best be treated by a staged EEA-craniotomy approach. In this study the authors’ goal was to present their case series of patients with OGMs treated with their surgical approach algorithm. METHODS The authors conducted an IRB-approved, nonrandomized historic cohort including all consecutive cases of OGMs treated surgically between 2010 and 2020. Patient demographic information, presenting symptoms, operative details, and complications data were collected. Preoperative and postoperative tumor and T2/FLAIR intensity volumes were calculated using Visage Imaging software. RESULTS Thirty-one patients with OGMs were treated (14 craniotomy only, 11 EEA only, and 6 staged). There was a significant difference in the distribution of patients presenting with anosmia and visual disturbance by approach. Tumor size was significantly correlated with preoperative vasogenic edema. Gross-total resection was achieved in 90% of cases, with near-total resection occurring twice with EEA and once with a staged approach. T2/FLAIR hyperintensity completely resolved in 90% of cases and rates did not differ by approach. Complication rates were not significantly different by approach and included 4 CSF leaks (p = 0.68). CONCLUSIONS A staged approach for the management of large OGMs with associated anosmia and significant lateral extension is a safe and effective option for surgical management. Through utilization of the described algorithm, the authors achieved a high rate of GTR, and this strategy may be considered for large OGMs.

Topic: Meningioma and schwannoma management
Subfield: Epidemiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Data Aggregation in Team Research: Theoretical Considerations and Practical Recommendations

Studying teams comes with notable theoretical and analytical challenges. One major challenge is data aggregation, the process of bringing a variable that was measured at the individual level to the team level of analysis. We provide an accessible resource about data aggregation that integrates theoretical and empirical insights, dispels common misconceptions, and provides practical guidelines for researchers. We stress that decisions about aggregation should be based on theoretical considerations about the nature of variables and their interrelations. Based on the logic of latent variable models, we distinguish reflective and formative team constructs. For reflective team constructs, we discuss issues of within-team agreement and the notion of the conceptual mean. For formative team constructs, we distinguish between well-defined and ill-defined constructs, and offer guidelines for their aggregation. This discussion results in twelve concrete guidelines that can be used by researchers, reviewers, and editors in the design and evaluation of team studies.

Topic: Team Dynamics and Performance
Subfield: Social Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Royal Style: A History of Aristocratic Fashion Icons

The wedding of Prince William and Kate Middleton helped reclaim the fashion cred of Britain's royal family, ushering in a generation of hip but genial personalities that appeal to every age and station. But royals have been setting fashion trends for centuries. This fascinating overview of aristocratic icons reaches back to the middle age, and from Europe to the Middle East, to profile the most renowned promoters of elegance and style ever to don their empires' crowns. Author and royals watcher Luise Wackerl juxtaposes the fifteenth-century Duke of Burgundy's penchant for black with Elizabeth I's taste for virginal white. She presents history's first It Girls: Marie Antoinette, Louisa of Prussia, Empresses Sisi of Austria and Eugenie of France. She relates how Queen Victoria's sorrow and propriety transformed her country, and how an impeccably styled American's love for Edward VIII upended the British monarchy. From the irreproachably elegant styles of Grace Kelly to Lady Diana, Jordan's Queen Rania to Princess Letizia of Spain we move on to the newest icons: couture-loving Princess Marie-Chantal of Greece, Princess Marie of Denmark, and Princesses Beatrice and Eugenie of York, whose faces and party antics grace the tabloids on a weekly basis. Hundreds of photos and a lively text make this irresistible reading for anyone interested in fashion, royalty, and the lively intersection of both worlds.

Topic: Fashion and Cultural Textiles
Subfield: Museology
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Stopband optimised E-plane filters with multiple metal inserts of variable number per coupling element

Improved stopband attenuation of E-plane filters is achieved by replacing merely a few of the conventional single insert coupling elements by triplets or quintuplets of metal inserts. The method of field expansion into suitable eigenmodes used considers the effects of finite insert thickness and the mutual higher order mode interaction of all inserts. Calculated stopband attenuations of more than 50 dB up to about 30 GHz, or 60 GHz respectively, have been attained, although the passbands of the corresponding filter examples are chosen to operate at the upper waveguide band limit of the mount (at 18 GHz for Ku-band and at 40 GHz for Ka-band respectively). The results demonstrate that high stopband conditions can be satisfied by designs with only a modified number of multiple inserts. This helps to maintain the low-loss and low-cost qualities of E-plane filters and also provides for improved stopband demands. The thickness of all inserts of t = 190 µm makes possible accurate metal-etching fabrication.

Topic: Microwave Engineering and Waveguides
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Radical Reformism and the Marxist Critique

The mainstream environmental movement has tended to accept the continuation of capitalism and the growth economy. A de-materialization is hoped to follow from limits on the use of natural resources. Eco-Marxists have opposed this strategy, claiming environmental problems are intrinsic to capitalism. More recently a tendency which I will call “radical reformism” has been gaining strength. Radical reformists argue that a growth economy is not compatible with environmental limits. They look to regulate capitalism to prevent growth. The overall intention is for a peaceful transition within a broadly capitalist economy. The eco-Marxist critique of mainstream environmentalism can also be applied to radical reformism. While radical reformists may have some answers to this critique, these answers bring further problems.

Topic: Political Economy and Marxism
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
PENGARUH POLA ASUH ORANG TUA TERHADAP KEMANDIRIAN BELAJAR SISWA

This type of research is quantitative with a causal approach consisting of independent variables (parenting parents) and dependent variables (learning independence). The purpose of this study is to describe the effect of parenting on the independence of student learning. Collecting research data using a five-scale questionnaire instrument. To find the magnitude of the effect of parenting parents using the statistical calculation model Carl Person Corelation Product Moment. For reliability calculated using the Cronbach Alpha formula. A sample of 49 students was obtained using the Taro Yamane formula. Analysis prerequisite testers are Liliefors normality test. After the normality test, the homogeneity test is done by Fisher's test. Instruments that are valid and reliable are used to collect data on the results that show there is an influence of parenting parents on student learning independence. Simple regression analysis and correlation techniques produce a model of influence expressed in the form of a regression equation that is Y ? = (87.22+ 0.06X), with the F value of 0.281 greater than F table with a level of 0.05 of 4.06 and its contribution is 49%. The conclusion of the study is that there is a positive effect of parenting on the learning independence of students in fifth grade of Cibubur Public Elementary School 03 Odd Semester Cibubur 03 in the odd semester of the 2018/2019 academic year.

Topic: Educational Methods and Media Use
Subfield: Information Systems
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Differential Expression of miRNAs Under Salt Stress in &lt;I&gt;Spartina alterniflora&lt;/I&gt; Leaf Tissues

Coastal marsh habitats are impacted by many factors or disturbances, including habitat destruction, pollution, and the introduction of invasive species. Spartina alterniflora (S. alterniflora) is an important invasive species, accounting for a significant proportion of the invasive plants spread around the world. Salt stress is a major environmental stress factor, which affects plant growth and development. Little information is available regarding S. alterniflora microRNAs (miRNAs) which play important regulatory roles in plant growth and development. In order to detect S. alterniflora miRNAs and determine any expression differences between S. alterniflora plants cultivated on ordinary soils from the greenhouse and salty soils from Dafeng, in Jiangsu province of China, we carried out the detection and quantification of S. alterniflora miRNAs by microarray. Among the 81 miRNAs identified as significantly down- or up-regulated under the salt stress, 21 of the miRNAs represent 8 miRNA gene families in S. alterniflora. We found that miR168, miR399, miR395, miR393, miR171, miR396, miR169, and miR164 were down-regulated under salinity stress, and 60 of the miRNAs were up-regulated, which were revealed to be induced by salt stress in plants. The identification of differentially expressed novel plant miRNAs and their target genes, and the analysis of expression, provide molecular evidence for the possible involvement of miRNAs in the process of salt response and/or salt tolerance in S. alterniflora.

Topic: Plant Molecular Biology Research
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Selective toxicity of DII.

&lt;p&gt;(A) The effect of MI (&lt;b&gt;10&lt;/b&gt;) and DII (&lt;b&gt;11&lt;/b&gt;) in bacteria was evaluated using &lt;i&gt;E&lt;/i&gt;. &lt;i&gt;coli&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;S&lt;/i&gt;. &lt;i&gt;aureus&lt;/i&gt; cultures. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) values were obtained using microdilution methods. As control of antibiotic activity ciprofloxacin (cipro.) was used. (B) DII lethal dose curve. 40 L4 wild-type worms were exposed to a range of DII concentrations and animal death was evaluated after 96 h of exposure. Data was fitted with a 4PL curve. LC50 = 23.44 ± 1.06 μM, Hill slope = 2.15 ± 0.25, R&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; = 0.99. Each concentration point represents the mean value ± SEM of three independent experiments. (C) DII effect on human cell cultures was evaluated using HEK-293 cells. Cells were exposed to DII (0–100 μM) and after 96 h of incubation, cell death was quantified using Propidium Iodide (PI) staining. Red staining accounts for dead cells. DMSO (0.1%) and chloroquine (50 μM) were used as negative and positive control, respectively. Bar scale: 100 μm. Results are presented as mean ± SEM (ns: no statistically significant, p &gt; 0.05, ***p&lt;0.001; &lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 3) (D) DII effect on &lt;i&gt;Drosophila melanogaster&lt;/i&gt;. Fly larvae were exposed to DII (300–1200 μM) until they left the food to pupariate. Larval survival was calculated as the percentage of larvae that reached the pupal stage. Results are presented as mean ± SEM (ns: no statistically significant, p &gt; 0.05; &lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 3).&lt;/p&gt;

Topic: Agricultural pest management studies
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Ship waves in rotating plasma in tokamaks

Plasma rotation can lead to excitation of waves in the plasma by perturbations that have zero frequency in the laboratory frame. Drift waves have minimum velocity threshold for excitation. Potential drift waves with kρi≤0.1 (k is the wave number, ρi is the ion cyclotron radius) excited at the edge and propagating toward the plasma interior are used to explain some nonlocal properties of plasma transport observed experimentally in transitions from the low (L) to high (H) confinement regime (L–H transitions).

Topic: Magnetic confinement fusion research
Subfield: Nuclear and High Energy Physics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Haemostatic effects in vivo after snakebite by the red-necked keelback (Rhabdophis subminiatus)

We describe a patient who developed a severe coagulopathy after being bitten by a red-necked keelback snake (Rhabdophis subminiatus), a species which is generally considered non-venomous. The patient's blood was incoagulable due to complete depletion of fibrinogen. Comprehensive coagulation studies were performed to identify the mechanism(s) by which the snake toxin caused the coagulopathy. It was found to contain a potent prothrombin activator, probably an activator of protein C and possibly also a factor X activating enzyme. The fibrinolysis was secondary to intravascular fibrin formation; there were no indications for a direct fibrinogenolytic activity in the snake toxin. Remarkably, there was virtually no consumption of antithrombin III, despite extensive thrombin formation; this feature appears to be not uncommon after snake bites, but is still unexplained.

Topic: Venomous Animal Envenomation and Studies
Subfield: Genetics
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Quantitative analysis of peri-intestinal lymph node metastasis using indocyanine green fluorescence imaging technology

We evaluated the efficacy of indocyanine green fluorescence imaging compared to that of traditional nanocarbon dyes in assessing peri-intestinal lymph node metastasis in patients with colorectal cancer, which is a key prognostic factor. The relationship between indocyanine green fluorescence imaging and histopathological outcomes in patients with colon cancer has also been explored. A retrospective analysis was conducted on 30 patients with colon cancer (from May to October 2023) confirmed by surgical pathology. Tumors were marked with indocyanine green (ICG) or nanocarbon via colonoscopy 16 to 24 hours before surgery. Within 15 minutes after surgery, peri-intestinal lymph node fluorescence imaging and hematoxylin and eosin staining were used to assess the distribution of cancer foci. The correlation between cancer foci distribution, fluorescence intensity, and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was measured. Among 243 metastatic lymph nodes from 30 patients, 18 were found. After the patients were divided into metastatic and nonmetastatic groups, significant differences in tumor differentiation and stage were noted ( P &lt; .001). The fluorescence intensity was strongly correlated with the presence and proportion of metastasis (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve = 0.931), whereas nanocarbon staining showed no significant correlation ( P = .81). All P values were two-sided, with P &lt; .05 indicating statistical significance. Lymph nodes with malignant intestinal tumor metastasis displayed weaker ICG fluorescence than did nonmetastatic nodes. Combining ICG and nanocarbon staining techniques enhances intraoperative lymph node dissection and postoperative analysis, indicating their potential utility in colorectal cancer surgery.

Topic: Cancer Research and Treatments
Subfield: Biotechnology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
In the wrong : bad poems and errant teaching in Anne Carson's Men in the Off Hours

This thesis considers the aesthetic and pedagogical potential of error as it emerges in the poetry and criticism of Anne Carson. At stake is error's status as a viable alternative to irony, which I argue is an ethically problematic stance employed both in literary practice and the classroom. Carson's obsession with mistakes makes available a mode of engagement with texts and students that refuses the cool distance of ironic detachment. Irony is a dialectical strategy that allows speakers not to commit to critical stances or emotional positions. It puts readers and students on their guard. Invoking error, on the other hand, allows us to discuss a wider range of cognitive, ethical, and emotional events in which we commit or invest in ways generally considered wrong. This thesis has two chapters. The first argues that Carson's poetry engages such phenomena as impersonation, mistranslation, and catachresis in order to stage a poetics of error. The second moves from rhetorical to relational concerns, foregrounding Carson's status as a professor of the humanities in order to draw out the pedagogical consequences spurred by her poetics.

Topic: Language, Metaphor, and Cognition
Subfield: Experimental and Cognitive Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Rethinking youth identities: modernist and postmodernist frameworks

In both academic and non academic discourses 'youth' is often regarded as the stage of life when 'identity' becomes a more established and settled socio-psychic state. However, as 'identity' itself has become matter of key theoretical and empirical concern in social sciences, a considerable debate has developed as to its proper conceptualisation and the research strategies most appropriate to its investigation. In more systematic terms, the following have usually been identified as constitutive elements of the period of late modernity/postmodernity. The erosion of older and more settled collective identities and the development of new ones - whether nostalgic, regressive re-imaginings or genuinely novel - is thus a central feature of this emergent period of late modernity. Following the work of the psychoanalyst Erik Erikson, for example, it is often asserted that adolescence is a 'critical' phase or period in the life course when identity has to be established in order for young people to become ready to assume adult responsibilities.

Topic: Youth Education and Societal Dynamics
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
A MOLECULAR DYNAMICS SIMULATION STUDY OF CONFORMATIONAL CHANGES AND SOLVATION OF Aβ PEPTIDE IN TRIFLUOROETHANOL AND WATER

Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of amyloid beta peptide have been performed in aqueous solutions of trifluoroethanol with different concentrations. The amount of α-helical secondary structure increases when going from pure water to trifluoroethanol-rich solutions. The conformation obtained in 40% (v/v) trifluoroethanol solution is very similar to the experimental observations of beta peptide in sodium dodecyl sulfate micelle. In this solution, the peptide has two helical segments connected through a looped region. The C-terminal helix of beta peptide unfolds in pure water. The effect of trifluoroethanol on peptide's secondary structure has been explained using the properties calculated from MD trajectories.

Topic: Protein Structure and Dynamics
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Predictors of Surgical and Hearing Long-term Results for Inlay Cartilage Tympanoplasty

To determine the prognostic factors that affect surgical and audiologic outcomes in inlay tympanoplasty after long-term follow-up.Case series study.Tertiary referral center.Sixty-two patients who underwent 71 procedures were enrolled in the study. Patient ages ranged from 31 to 87 years (mean [SD] age, 61.2 [12.9] years). Mean (SD) follow-up was 635.7 (284.7) days. The inclusion criteria were (1) inlay cartilage tympanoplasty performed using local anesthesia via a transcanal route, (2) chronic otitis media with stable perforation, and (3) dry ear without middle ear disease.The success rate and hearing change at the last follow-up visit.The overall success rate was 87.3% at the last visit. Using multivariate analysis, sex, age, size of perforation, side of perforation, and the presence of diabetes mellitus and external auditory canal otomycosis did not affect the success. Smoking was the only independent factor for the prognosis of surgical outcome (odds ratio [OR], 8.16; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.74-36.89; P < .006). On the other hand, age (OR, 6.62; 95% CI, 1.13-38.47; P = .03) and perforation size (OR, 0.11; 95% CI, 0.10-0.79; P = .03) were independent factors for the prognosis of audiologic outcomes.The frequency of failure was significantly higher for smokers than for nonsmokers. To quit smoking is highly recommended preoperatively for individuals scheduled for chronic otitis media inlay tympanoplasty intervention. Younger patients and those with larger perforations (>50%) were more likely to benefit from this operation.

Topic: Ear Surgery and Otitis Media
Subfield: Otorhinolaryngology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Figure 4 from: Lee J-W, Yun H-G, Hwang TY, Kim K, Jung S-H, An JB (2023) Floristic inventory and distribution characteristics of algific talus slopes in a specific area of forest biodiversity in South Korea. Biodiversity Data Journal 11: e113952. https://doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.11.e113952

Figure 4 Pictures showing floristic target plants on the algific talus slope in South Korea.

Topic: Cancer Treatment and Pharmacology
Subfield: Oncology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences