jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Soft supersymmetry breaking from stochastic superspace

We propose a new realization of softly broken supersymmetric theories as theories defined on stochastic superspace. At the classical level, the supersymmetry breaking is parameterized in terms of a single (in general complex) mass parameter, $\xi$, describing the stochasticity of the Grassmannian superspace coordinates. In the context of the standard model with stochastic supersymmetry, the structure of the soft breaking terms has various characteristic features that can be tested in LHC experiments. Namely, at the classical level, the $B_{\mu}$ parameter, the universal soft trilinear coupling $A_0$, the universal gaugino mass $m_{1/2}$ and the universal scalar mass $m_0$ are given solely in terms of $\xi$; there are no other arbitrary parameters. The relations are $B_\mu = \xi^*$, $A_0 = 2\xi^*$, $m_{1/2} = |\xi|/2$ and $m_0 = 0$. At the quantum level, these relations hold at a certain scale $\Lambda$ which is a second free parameter. The soft scalar masses, zero at tree-level, are induced radiatively through the renormalization group equations at one-loop. With this pattern of soft breaking terms, large supersymmetric contributions to FCNC processes are avoided. As a concrete illustration of the proposed formalism, we consider a minimal model, which is just the constrained MSSM with the stochastic superspace relations amongst the soft-breaking parameters imposed at the scale $\Lambda$. We show that this theory is phenomenologically viable for a certain region in the $(\xi,\Lambda)$ parameter space. Some sensible extensions of the minimal model are then briefly discussed.

Topic: Particle physics theoretical and experimental studies
Subfield: Nuclear and High Energy Physics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Voice as Action: Towards a Model for Analyzing the Dynamic Construction of Racialized Voice

Vocal timbre is commonly believed to be an unmanipulable attribute, akin to a sonic fingerprint. Because the voice arises from inside the body, quotidian discourse tends to refer to someone’s vocal sounds as inborn, natural, and true expressions of the person. What, then, are we to make of the common notion that a person’s race is audible in her voice? While it has been conclusively demonstrated that many of the physiognomic aspects historically employed as evidence of a person’s race—including skin color, hair texture, and dialect or accent —actually evidence nothing more than the construction of race according to the ideological values of beholders, vocal timbre continues to elude such deconstruction. Recent critical thought on the intermingling of the physical senses, including the so–called sensory turn in anthropology, “new materialist” philosophies, and recent advances in science, technology, sound studies, and media studies, underscores the need for scholarship that recognizes the voice and vocal categories as culturally conditioned material entities. Trends such as the metaphorical notion of “having voice” have to some degree obscured the material and multisensory aspects of voice. Conceived within the specific context of musicology and the general context of the humanities, this article seeks to demonstrate how the re–framing of voice implied by sensory and material inquiries redraws the topology of voice. I believe that this exercise may offer a deepened understanding of racial dynamics as they play out in our interactions with voice.

Topic: Music History and Culture
Subfield: Music
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Dissident women’s organizations as a counter-hegemonic actor in Turkey

Could the Turkish women's movement, which has a strong reaction mechanism, be a constituent actor of counter-hegemony? The main reasons behind this question are the women's movement's deep-rooted history and its openness to combine theory with practice/action. When looked from the Chantal Mouffe and Ernesto Laclau's perspective of radical democracy theory, the women's movement appears to have a considerable potential of deciphering the existing hegemony and articulating the social demands which exclude and are excluded by the present-day hegemony in Turkey. This article tries to understand how women's movement in Turkey conceptualizes the existing power relations that constitute the neoliberal religio-conservative hegemony and how it responds to it.

Topic: Turkey's Politics and Society
Subfield: Political Science and International Relations
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Weak Recovery Conditions from Graph Partitioning Bounds and Order Statistics

We study a weaker formulation of the nullspace property which guarantees recovery of sparse signals from linear measurements by 𝓁 1 minimization. We require this condition to hold only with high probability, given a distribution on the nullspace of the coding matrix A. Under some assumptions on the distribution of the reconstruction error, we show that testing these weak conditions means bounding the optimal value of two classical graph partitioning problems: the k-Dense-Subgraph and MaxCut problems. Both problems admit efficient, relatively tight relaxations, and we use a randomization argument to produce new approximation bounds for k-Dense-Subgraph. We test the performance of our results on several families of coding matrices.

Topic: Sparse and Compressive Sensing Techniques
Subfield: Computational Mechanics
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
The Legionella pneumophila Collagen-Like Protein Mediates Sedimentation, Autoaggregation, and Pathogen-Phagocyte Interactions

ABSTRACT Although only partially understood, multicellular behavior is relatively common in bacterial pathogens. Bacterial aggregates can resist various host defenses and colonize their environment more efficiently than planktonic cells. For the waterborne pathogen Legionella pneumophila , little is known about the roles of autoaggregation or the parameters which allow cell-cell interactions to occur. Here, we determined the endogenous and exogenous factors sufficient to allow autoaggregation to take place in L. pneumophila . We show that isolates from Legionella species which do not produce the Legionella collagen-like protein (Lcl) are deficient in autoaggregation. Targeted deletion of the Lcl-encoding gene ( lpg2644 ) and the addition of Lcl ligands impair the autoaggregation of L. pneumophila . In addition, Lcl-induced autoaggregation requires divalent cations. Escherichia coli producing surface-exposed Lcl is able to autoaggregate and shows increased biofilm production. We also demonstrate that L. pneumophila infection of Acanthamoeba castellanii and Hartmanella vermiformis is potentiated under conditions which promote Lcl dependent autoaggregation. Overall, this study shows that L. pneumophila is capable of autoaggregating in a process that is mediated by Lcl in a divalent-cation-dependent manner. It also reveals that Lcl potentiates the ability of L. pneumophila to come in contact, attach, and infect amoebae.

Topic: Legionella and Acanthamoeba research
Subfield: Endocrinology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
The Big Lift Evaluation: Research Findings Five Years In

RAND Corporation researchers examine third-grade learning outcomes of children in the 2016–2017 kindergarten class who were eligible to participate in The Big Lift™, a preschool–third-grade initiative to boost reading proficiency. They also explore the relationship between children's participation in Big Lift services before kindergarten and kindergarten readiness for a pooled sample of four kindergarten classes from 2016–2017 to 2019–2020.

Topic: Reading and Literacy Development
Subfield: Developmental and Educational Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Atomically Dispersed, Low‐Coordinate Co–N Sites on Carbon Nanotubes as Inexpensive and Efficient Electrocatalysts for Hydrogen Evolution

Abstract Hydrogen produced using renewable electricity is considered the key to achieving a low‐carbon energy economy. However, the large‐scale application of electrochemical water splitting for hydrogen evolution currently requires expensive platinum‐based catalysts. Therefore, it is important to develop efficient and stable catalysts based on the rich reserves of transition metals as alternatives. In this study, the authors prepare a carbon‐nanotube material enriched with atomically dispersed CoN sites having uniquely low coordination numbers via the simple mixing, pyrolysis, and leaching of inexpensive precursors. These atomically dispersed low‐coordinate CoN sites provide an overpotential of only 82 mV at 10 mA cm −2 for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) under challenging acidic conditions and show excellent durability in accelerated stability tests. Theoretical simulations also confirm that these unique, low‐coordinate CoN 2 sites have lower energy barriers in catalyzing the HER than Fe/NiN 2 sites and commonly reported CoN 3 /N 4 sites. Therefore, the method provides a new concept for the design of single‐atom catalytic sites with low coordination numbers. It also serves to reduce the cost of hydrogen production in the future owing to the high catalytic activity, low cost, and scalable production process.

Topic: Electrocatalysts for Energy Conversion
Subfield: Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment
Field: Energy
Domain: Physical Sciences
The Impact of Perception of Glass Ceilling in Organization and Social Support on Motivation and Organizational Commitment

This research takes the title: "The Influence of Individual Perception About Glass Ceilings in Organizational and Social Support Against Organizational Motivation and Commitment (Study at PT Micro Madani Institute)". The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of individual glass on the glass ceiling in the workplace and also to socialize the organization and the company. The method used is a survey with the number of respondents in this study as many as 50 respondents. The analysis used is the test of validity, reliability test, multiple regression, sobel test, and hypothesis testing. Based on the results of research and data analysis using Multiple Regression shows that: (1) Individual Perception about Glass Ceiling have an effect on to Motivation. (2) Social Support affects Motivation. (3) Motivation affects Organizational Commitment. (4) Individual Perceptions of Glass Ceiling Affects Organizational Commitment. (5) Social Support affects Organizational Commitment. (6) Motivation mediates Individual Perceptions of Glass Ceiling on Organizational Commitment. (7) Motivation mediates Social Support to Organizational Commitment. The implications of this research are the work that can be done to change the individual perceptions of glass ceiling to be better in the minds of employees by approaching female employees, providing understanding and motivation, and company policies to better accept the opinions of female employees and provide assistance to the problems faced by female employees so that female employees become more motivated to work. Co-workers who support each other and can work together, and leaders who give appreciation and appreciation will motivate employees to always give the best work of work to the company. Containers to complain of discrimination in the workplace can curb the practice of glass ceiling and enable employees to increase organizational commitment to the company. Social support from colleagues and leaders will keep employees motivated and committed and accountable to their work within the organization.

Topic: Employee Performance and Management
Subfield: Human Factors and Ergonomics
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Alcohol, place conditioning, and male rats: A systematic review of outcome prediction

Abstract Although Place Conditioning (PC) has been used to study the motivational effects of alcohol for almost 50 years, variables and situations in which alcohol induces PC in rats are still unclear, especially for short PC protocols (up to 10 conditioning trials). The aim of this systematic review was to predict primary outcomes (namely, conditioning failure, conditioned place aversion (CPA), and conditioned place preference (CPP)) of alcohol‐induced PC with male outbred rats. We sought relevant records in PUBMED and two other sources. Two reviewers independently assessed records for eligible articles (those meeting all inclusion criteria), selected alcohol‐induced PC experiments (those meeting no exclusion criteria) from eligible articles, extracted data, and assessed the quality of included studies. We then conducted a predictive analysis of outcomes by examining procedure‐outcome relations according to variables known to affect associative learning, alcohol interventions in rats, and PC interventions themselves. We selected 192 experiments (133 short protocols, 27 long protocols, and 32 protocols with alcohol pre‐exposure) from 62 articles to compose the review. Rates of conditioning failure are mainly predicted by interactions of alcohol dose and the number of habituation sessions and conditioning trials. Different conditions (housing systems) and characteristics (age and weight) of animals predict CPA and CPP: higher rates of CPA are predicted by single‐housed, older, and heavier animals, while higher rates of CPP are predicted by group‐housed, younger, and lighter animals. We recommend settings for CPP induction in short protocols, discuss the broad theoretical and translational consequences of the predictive analysis for the use of PC in alcohol research, and specify variables needing more careful investigation. This review could improve our understanding of the results of alcohol‐induced PC with rats, refine our understanding of the motivational function of alcohol and alcohol‐seeking behavior triggered by environmental contexts, and open new avenues of research on their neurobiological basis.

Topic: Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
Subfield: Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences
Stratigraphic Excavations within the Gournia Palace 2011-2014

Gallimore, S., and K.T. Glowacki. “Stratigraphic Excavations within the Gournia Palace 2011-2014.” Abstract of paper read at the 119th Annual Meeting of the Archaeological Institute of America, Boston, Massachusetts, January 7, 2018.

Topic: Ancient and Medieval Archaeology Studies
Subfield: Archeology
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Accessible Method for Content-Based Image Retrieval In Peer To- Peer Networks

I propose a scalable approach for content-based image retrieval in shared systems by utilizing the sack of-visual words show. Contrasted and brought together conditions, the key test is to proficiently acquire a worldwide codebook, as pictures are conveyed over the entire distributed system. Furthermore, a distributed system frequently develops progressively, which makes a static codebook less successful for recovery assignments. Along these lines, we propose a dynamic codebook refreshing technique by upgrading the common data between the resultant codebook and significance data, and the workload adjust among nodes that oversee distinctive codewords.

Topic: Hermeneutics and Narrative Identity
Subfield: Philosophy
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Optimized parameters sizing between EVT and THS used for hybrid electric vehicles

Both of the electric variable transmission (EVT) and Toyota Hybrid System (THS) can be used as an power split device in the hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs). They can make the internal combustion engine (ICE) independent of the road loads and run in the high efficiency area to reduce the fuel consumption as well as emissions. However, the planetary gears of THS make serious vibration and noise, limiting the further application of THS in HEVs. This paper studies the parameters sizing between EVT and THS to make the EVT instead of THS. In order to obtain the better driving properties of EVT, an optimized parameters sizing is established by placing a speed-increase gear and a deceleration gear in the system. Finally, the simulation comparison of fuel consumption and dynamic properties between THS and EVT are built, which shows the rationality of the optimized parameters sizing method.

Topic: Electric and Hybrid Vehicle Technologies
Subfield: Automotive Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Safety of genetically modified T cells

Many classes of antineoplastic therapeutics, including radiation and chemotherapy, have the potential to generate off-target genomic mutations that lead to subsequent (or secondary) malignancies.Based on their antitumor efficacy and potential to induce long-term remissions, genetically modified immune effector cells (IECs) are one of the most exciting new classes of therapeutics for hematologic malignancies, and are in early development for treating solid tumors.In this issue of Blood, Steffin et al 1 report on the rates of subsequent malignancies in >1000 patient-years of follow-up across multiple clinical trials of genetically modified IECs for cancer, and reassuringly, found no increased risk of secondary cancers (see figure).

Topic: CAR-T cell therapy research
Subfield: Oncology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
QTLs for Tolerance of Drought and Breeding for Tolerance of Abiotic and Biotic Stress: An Integrated Approach

The coupling of biotic and abiotic stresses leads to high yield losses in rainfed rice (Oryza sativa L.) growing areas. While several studies target these stresses independently, breeding strategies to combat multiple stresses seldom exist. This study reports an integrated strategy that combines QTL mapping and phenotypic selection to develop rice lines with high grain yield (GY) under drought stress and non-stress conditions, and tolerance of rice blast.A blast-tolerant BC2F3-derived population was developed from the cross of tropical japonica cultivar Moroberekan (blast- and drought-tolerant) and high-yielding indica variety Swarna (blast- and drought-susceptible) through phenotypic selection for blast tolerance at the BC2F2 generation. The population was studied for segregation distortion patterns and QTLs for GY under drought were identified along with study of epistatic interactions for the trait.Segregation distortion, in favour of Moroberekan, was observed at 50 of the 59 loci. Majority of these marker loci co-localized with known QTLs for blast tolerance or NBS-LRR disease resistance genes. Despite the presence of segregation distortion, high variation for DTF, PH and GY was observed and several QTLs were identified under drought stress and non-stress conditions for the three traits. Epistatic interactions were also detected for GY which explained a large proportion of phenotypic variance observed in the population.This strategy allowed us to identify QTLs for GY along with rapid development of high-yielding purelines tolerant to blast and drought with considerably reduced efforts. Apart from this, it also allowed us to study the effects of the selection cycle for blast tolerance. The developed lines were screened at IRRI and in the target environment, and drought and blast tolerant lines with high yield were identified. With tolerance to two major stresses and high yield potential, these lines may provide yield stability in rainfed rice areas.

Topic: Genetic Mapping and Diversity in Plants and Animals
Subfield: Genetics
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Integration of DNA Methylation and Transcriptome Data Improves Complex Trait Prediction in Hordeum vulgare

Whole-genome multi-omics profiles contain valuable information for the characterization and prediction of complex traits in plants. In this study, we evaluate multi-omics models to predict four complex traits in barley (Hordeum vulgare); grain yield, thousand kernel weight, protein content, and nitrogen uptake. Genomic, transcriptomic, and DNA methylation data were obtained from 75 spring barley lines tested in the RadiMax semi-field phenomics facility under control and water-scarce treatment. By integrating multi-omics data at genomic, transcriptomic, and DNA methylation regulatory levels, a higher proportion of phenotypic variance was explained (0.72–0.91) than with genomic models alone (0.55–0.86). The correlation between predictions and phenotypes varied from 0.17–0.28 for control plants and 0.23–0.37 for water-scarce plants, and the increase in accuracy was significant for nitrogen uptake and protein content compared to models using genomic information alone. Adding transcriptomic and DNA methylation information to the prediction models explained more of the phenotypic variance attributed to the environment in grain yield and nitrogen uptake. It furthermore explained more of the non-additive genetic effects for thousand kernel weight and protein content. Our results show the feasibility of multi-omics prediction for complex traits in barley.

Topic: Genetic Mapping and Diversity in Plants and Animals
Subfield: Genetics
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Evaluating Usability of IFML Models

System acceptance is strongly related to its usability. It is important that the usability is carefully designed during the system design steps and later propagated to the interface. This care avoids reworking the interface design of an application in the future because of its usability. However, we did not find works that specifically addresses the modeling of interfaces in conjunction with usability. The Interaction Flow Modeling Language (IFML) is a proposal that supports the modeling of the interface. This work investigates the following research question: "usability in IFML models is perceived and propagated to the final interface?" In order to answer this research question, we performed an empirical study to evaluate how usability is perceived by participants through IFML models and if usability is propagated to an interface prototype. The study showed that not all aspects of usability are easily perceived and propagated in the interface through IFML models.

Topic: Usability and User Interface Design
Subfield: Human-Computer Interaction
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Epistemic Modals and Contextual Projection

The last few years have seen a growing interest in the semantic analysis of epistemic modal claims. By my lights, the most appealing analysis of epistemic modals is the relativistic approach. However, in their paper, “CIA Leaks”, Kai von Fintel and Anthony Gillies present some problems they think the relativistic approach must explain. I aim to defend a variation on the relativistic analysis of epistemic modals. I argue that when we determine the truth-value of sentences containing epistemic modals, we are free to evaluate modal claims from contexts other than the standard context of utterance. This freedom to evaluate the modal claims from different contexts is what I call contextual projection. When contextual projection takes place the sentence can be either true or false, appropriate or inappropriate. Furthermore, I will argue that the general phenomenon that is contextual projection is a common occurrence observable in ordinary language use.

Topic: Epistemology, Ethics, and Metaphysics
Subfield: Philosophy
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences