jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Vibration Control of a Single-wheel Robot Using a Filter Design

In this paper, the vibration of a single-wheel mobile robot is minimized by designing a filter. An AHRS (Attitude and heading reference system) sensor is used for measuring the state of the robot. The measured signals are analyzed using the FFT method to investigate the fundamental vibrational frequency with respect to the flywheel's speed of the gimbal system. The IIR notch filter is then designed to suppress the vibration at the identified frequency. After simulating the performance of the designated filter using the measured sensor data through extensive experiments, the filter is actually implemented in a single-wheel mobile robot, GYROBO. Finally, the performance of the designed filter is confirmed by performing the balancing control task of the GYROBO system.

Topic: Control Systems in Engineering
Subfield: Mechanical Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Stress‐induced cellular adaptive strategies: Ancient evolutionarily conserved programs as new anticancer therapeutic targets

Despite the remarkable achievements of novel targeted anti‐cancer drugs, most therapies only produce remission for a limited time, resistance to treatment, and relapse, often being the ultimate outcome. Drug resistance is due to highly efficient adaptive strategies utilized by cancer cells. Exogenous and endogenous stress stimuli are known to induce first‐line responses, capable of re‐establishing cellular homeostasis and determining cell fate decisions. Cancer cells may also mount second‐line adaptive strategies, such as the mutator response. Hypermutable subpopulations of cells may expand under severe selective stress, thereby accelerating the emergence of adapted clones. As with first‐line protective responses, these strategies appear highly conserved, and are found in yeasts and bacteria. We hypothesize that evolutionarily conserved programs rheostatically regulate mutability in fluctuating environments, and contribute to drug resistance in cancer cells. Elucidating the conserved genetic and molecular mechanisms may present novel opportunities to increase the effectiveness of cancer therapies.

Topic: Evolution and Genetic Dynamics
Subfield: Genetics
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
ChemInform Abstract: Ion‐Exchange Properties and Thermal Stability of Hydrous Titanium(IV)‐ Zirconium(IV) Oxide Ion Exchanger.

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.

Topic: Chemical Synthesis and Characterization
Subfield: Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Impact of Structural Design of Knitted Fabrics on Shielding from Radiation of Wi-Fi Technologies

Abstract The goal of the study is to determine and compare the attenuation of electromagnetic waves at 2.4 - 2.5 GHz frequency between plain single jersey and 1x1 rib knitted fabric. For knitting the samples, three different types of metal-contained yarns, their combinations, and cotton yarn were used. Two horn antennas and a network analyzer were used to characterize the transmission of the samples in the frequency range of 2.4-2.5 GHz. Obtained results show, that in mentioned frequency range single jersey knitted samples attenuate better than the rib samples.

Topic: Electromagnetic Fields and Biological Effects
Subfield: Biophysics
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
An Efficient Image Encryption Using a Dynamic, Nonlinear and Secret Diffusion Scheme

The growing use of tele This paper presents a new secret diffusion scheme called Round Key Permutation (RKP) based on the nonlinear, dynamic and pseudorandom permutation for encrypting images by block, since images are considered particular data because of their size and their information, which are two-dimensional nature and characterized by high redundancy and strong correlation. Firstly, the permutation table is calculated according to the master key and sub-keys. Secondly, scrambling pixels for each block to be encrypted will be done according the permutation table. Thereafter the AES encryption algorithm is used in the proposed cryptosystem by replacing the linear permutation of ShiftRows step with the nonlinear and secret permutation of RKP scheme; this change makes the encryption system depend on the secret key and allows both to respect the second Shannon's theory and the Kerckhoff principle. Security analysis of cryptosystem demonstrates that the proposed diffusion scheme of RKP enhances the fortress of encryption algorithm, as can be observed in the entropy and other obtained values. communications implementing electronic transfers of personal data, require reliable techniques and secure. In fact, the use of a communication network exposes exchanges to certain risks, which require the existence of adequate security measures. The data encryption is often the only effective way to meet these requirements. This paper present a cryptosystem by block for encrypting images, as images are considered particular data because of their size and their information, which are two dimensional nature and characterized by high redundancy and strong correlation. In this cryptosystem, we used a new dynamic diffusion technique called round key permutation, which consists to permute pixels of each bloc in a manner nonlinear, dynamic and random using permutation table calculated according to the master key and sub-keys. We use thereafter the AES encryption algorithm in our cryptosystem by replacing the linear permutation of ShiftRows with round key permutation technique; this changing makes the encryption scheme depend on encryption key. Security analysis of cryptosystem demonstrate that the modification made on using the proposed technique of Round Key Permutation enhances the fortress of encryption algorithm, as can be observed in the entropy and other obtained values.

Topic: Chaos-based Image/Signal Encryption
Subfield: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Conservative management of cicatrix after circumcision: Retraction and steroid

Aim: Our study aims to study the combined manual retracting and topical steroid application method for the treatment of post-circumcision cicatrix in neonates and infants and to establish the need for a secondary intervention. Material and Methods: A total of 20 patients applying to our clinic with post-circumcision cicatrix between April 2018 and January 2019 were evaluated retrospectively. Multivariable analyses assessed the association between the age of the patients and the onset of complaints associated with cicatrix, the time to onset of symptoms, and the duration of recovery.Results: The mean age at admission was 7.8 months (4-13 months), and the mean age at circumcision was 3.4 months (2 weeks-6 months). In our study, all the patients had been fully recovered after the treatment with combination of topical 0.1% betamethasone ointment and manual retraction. The mean duration of treatment was 30.6 days (14-56 days). Conclusion: In this study, we reported our observations related to the treatment only with 0.1% Betamethasone ointment and manual retraction for the first time in the literature. We believe that before choosing secondary applications which potentially traumatize the patient, insisting on topical steroid and manual retraction will provide a satisfactory outcome.

Topic: Genital Health and Disease
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Phases of Going Digital: A Framework for Assessing Newsroom Digitalisation Process

The success stories of digitalised newsrooms mostly depict outstanding news organisations with abundant resources. However, newsrooms with limited resources (e.g., local newspapers, media organisations of tiny media systems, especially in non-Western regions and new democracies) also undergo digitalisation. This study delves into the newsroom digitalisation processes, spotlighting the indicators characterising different phases of digitalisation. We conducted semi-structured interviews with Estonian online journalists. The interviews were conducted in five waves between 2012 and 2023. Our results show that the transformation from legacy to the digital newsroom is a complex structure of factors, manifesting indicators that become evident in certain phases of digitalisation. These indicators include technological, production-related, human capital, and audience perception domains. If some indicators do not exhibit complete transformation, the newsroom may be unable to move into the next phase. This study contributes to the conceptual understanding of digital journalism epistemology by presenting a framework of newsroom digitalisation phases.

Topic: Media Studies and Communication
Subfield: Communication
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Postoperative Psychological Impact on Teenagers after Gynecomastia Correction

Background: Gynecomastia is common among teenagers. Most published research focused on how surgery is effective in enhancing the aesthetic appearance of the breast. Limited information is already known about the psychosocial benefits of surgical interventions. This study explores and assesses the surgical, cosmetic, and psychological outcome of gynecomastia correction in teenagers. Methods: This prospective study included 20 teenagers with Simon grade IIA gynecomastia. The assessment included complications, patients’ satisfaction, Manchester Scar Scale, and Li et al questionnaire at 12 months postoperative. Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, 36-Item Short Form Survey (SF-36) for quality of life, and school achievement level were evaluated 1 month preoperative and 12 months postoperative. Statistical analysis was done. Results: Patients were aged 13-19 years old. The follow-up period was 12 ± 36 months. Postoperative complications included seroma formation (n = 1) and mild asymmetry (n = 3). Results were “uniformly good to excellent” on a satisfaction scale. The Manchester Scar Scale shows the lowest score, which denotes the highest outcomes. The Li et al questionnaire showed a positive overall change. Comparing Rosenberg Scale scores pre- and postoperatively revealed higher scores postoperatively, which indicate higher self esteem. Comparing SF-36 pre- and postoperatively showed a significant increase in postoperative quality of life. Comparing school achievement pre- and postoperatively showed marked improvement postoperatively. Results were highly statistically significant. Conclusions: Surgical treatment of teenage gynecomastia is beneficial for different psychosocial domains. Pull-through of the mammary gland combined with liposuction provides satisfactory cosmetic results. Patients who underwent surgery reported a significant improvement in psychosocial load, better school achievement, higher quality of life, and better self-esteem.

Topic: Male Breast Health Studies
Subfield: Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Enhanced extractability of articular cartilage proteoglycans in osteoarthrosis

Tissue contents of small, easily extracted, proteoglycans, relatively poor in keratan sulphate, were compared in normal and osteoarthrotic cartilage. Although the amounts of small proteoglycans were similar in each tissue, as were the collagen contents, some proteoglycans in the diseased cartilage were much more readily extracted than those in the normal tissue.

Topic: Osteoarthritis Treatment and Mechanisms
Subfield: Rheumatology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
The Effectiveness of the Science Experimental Guidebook on the Conceptual Understanding of Students with Learning Disabilities

This study aimed to develop a science experiments guidebook (based on discussion method and enriched worksheet) for fourth grade mainstreamed students with learning disabilities and to investigate its effect on their conceptual understanding of the "Matter and its Nature", "Living Things and Life", "Physical Events" and "Earth and The Universe" learning domains. Furthermore, mixtures, sieving, filtration, magnetism (Matter and its Nature), recycling (Living Things and Life), simple electrical circuit (Physical Events), and fossil (Earth and The Universe) concepts/issues were determined. Since the aim is to investigate the conceptual understanding of five 4th grade students with learning disabilities, the case study method was used. Conceptual understanding tests, drawing tests, and semi-structured interviews were used as data collection tools. The science experiments guidebook was presented to the students in worksheet format. Besides, worksheets were enriched with avatar images, mobile applications (QR codes), hands-on experiments, and active learning techniques (brainstorming, buzz 22, aquarium, and snowball). As a result of the research, it can be said that the science experiments guidebook had a positive effect on the conceptual understanding of students with learning disabilities.

Topic: Education Practices and Challenges
Subfield: Philosophy
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
$500m investment in poor countries' health systems will boost vaccination

Vaccination programmes prevented more than 2.3 million premature deaths between 2000 and the end of 2006, show figures released last week by the public-private Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunisation (GAVI). 

“The results show that the GAVI has proven concepts, and we're delivering the vaccines, saving lives, and getting coverage in the poorest, and some of the toughest, environments in the world,” said Julian Lob-Levyt, executive secretary of the alliance. 

Since its creation at the annual World Economic Forum meeting in Davos, Switzerland, in 2000, the alliance has committed over $2.6bn (£1.3bn; €2bn) to support national immunisation programmes in more than 70 countries. 

New projections of data from the World Health Organization, a member of the alliance, show that …

Topic: Healthcare Systems and Reforms
Subfield: Finance
Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance
Domain: Social Sciences
PERHUBUNGAN AWAL MALAYSIA-JEPUN 1957-1967 / MOHD BIN SAMSUDDlN

Selepas kekalahan Jepun di dalam Perang Dunia Kedua, Tanah Melayu telah diletakkan kembali di bawah pentadbiran British. Bagaimanapun imej pihak British di kalangan penduduk tempatan telahpun jatuh akibat daripada
tindakannya yang tidak bersungguh-sungguh mempertahankan Tanah Melayu. Pendudukan Jepun telah meninggalkan kesan kebangkitan semangat kebangsaan yang tinggi mempengaruhi perjuangan orang-orang Melayu menentang rancangan pihak British untuk menkolonisasikan Tanah Melayu.
Malahan keupayaan pihak British dicurigai oleh sebahagian besar penduduk Melayu menyebabkan pihak parti Komunis Malaya mengambil kesempatan cuba menguasai Tanah Melayu sebelum kedatangan pihak tentera British. Keadaan ini menyebabkan pihak British berusaha bersungguh-sungguh
memulihkan imejnya dan memberikan tumpuan utama bagi mendapatkan semula pemerintahan Tanah Melayu. Di samping itu, kekayaan bahan mentah getah dan bijih timah yang terdapat di Tanah Melayu menjanjikan pendapatan
ekonomi yang segera bagi membantu pihak British membangunkan kembali negaranya selepas perang.

Topic: Linguistic, Cultural, and Literary Studies
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Sulfite oxydase deficiency encephalopathy: Description of a new pathogenic mutation in SUOX gene

Searchable abstracts of presentations at key conferences in endocrinology ISSN 1470-3947 (print) | ISSN 1479-6848 (online)

Topic: Sulfur Compounds in Biology
Subfield: Biochemistry
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Figure 2 from Putrescine Supplementation Limits the Expansion of &lt;i&gt;pks&lt;/i&gt;+ &lt;i&gt;Escherichia coli&lt;/i&gt; and Tumor Development in the Colon

&lt;p&gt;Putrescine supplementation lowers EcNC101 colonization and tumor development in the AOM/DSS colorectal cancer mouse model. &lt;b&gt;A,&lt;/b&gt; Study design. &lt;b&gt;B,&lt;/b&gt; EcNC101 abundance at the endpoint was assessed by CFUs (log-scale representation). &lt;b&gt;C,&lt;/b&gt; Body weight variation of mice throughout the experiment (mean ± SEM; repeated-measure ANOVA, &lt;i&gt;post hoc&lt;/i&gt; Tukey; *, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.01, between the groups). &lt;b&gt;D,&lt;/b&gt; Representative pictures of the colon and quantification of the colon length. Colonic (&lt;b&gt;E&lt;/b&gt;) tumor count and (&lt;b&gt;F&lt;/b&gt;) tumor size. ANOVA, &lt;i&gt;post hoc&lt;/i&gt; Tukey; *, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.05, between EcNC101 &lt;i&gt;WT&lt;/i&gt; and EcNC101 &lt;i&gt;ΔclbP&lt;/i&gt; of the same treatment group; &lt;i&gt;N&lt;/i&gt; = 8–9 per group.&lt;/p&gt;

Topic: Cancer Research and Treatments
Subfield: Biotechnology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Stock price prediction based on chaotic hybrid particle swarm optimization-RBF neural network

The stock market is an important part of the capital market, which plays a significant role in optimising capital allocation, financing and increasing the value of assets and other areas. Hence, the correct model for estimating and predicting the stock price has a very important practical significance to provide investors with investment decision reference. In this paper, a novel chaotic hybrid PSO-based RBF neural network model (CHPSO-RBFNN) has been proposed for forecasting the stock price, which can effectively prevent the RBF neural network from the local minimum trap and provide great learning ability. The presented methodology was tested with stock 601998, and the results showed that CHPSO-RBFNN can improve the prediction of accuracy and a high efficient and accurate stock prediction model compared to the traditional RBFNN and PSO-RBFNN methods.

Topic: Stock Market Forecasting Methods
Subfield: Management Science and Operations Research
Field: Decision Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Aspectos de diseño y seguridad en apartaderos de túneles de carretera

Lay-bys in road tunnels are built to be used during tunnel operation, both for users in case of emergency and for operating services. According to the specific regulations of each country, after a certain length of the tunnel, among other factors, those lay-bys need to be built at certain distances between them. The geometry of the lay-bys presents differences depending on the different regulations. Some of these regulations are presented in this article. Lay-bys also present some issues that need special attention, like the knowledge of accidents that have occurred in various tunnels due to frontal collisions, more or less offset, of light and heavy vehicles against the facing end of the lay-bys. The solutions to mitigate the effects of such collisions, very often with serious consequences for the occupants of the vehicles, need be addressed through physical testing that can validate the protection systems to be installed in the tunnels.

Topic: Transportation Safety and Impact Analysis
Subfield: Civil and Structural Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Scientific Literacy in Indonesian Secondary Education: Are We Ready to be Scientifically Literate Society?

The curriculum in Indonesia plays a pivotal role in equipping students with scientific literacy. It is important to undertake an exhaustive examination of curriculum documents to gauge how much scientific literacy is embedded within the curriculum and how effectively it fosters such literacy. Thus, this research aims to elucidate the presence of scientific literacy dimensions within the educational framework of Indonesia, thereby reflecting the government’s commitment to nurturing scientifically literate societies. This study uses a qualitative approach to analyze Indonesian curriculum documents while employing data triangulation to ensure the research’s validity and credibility. The findings indicate that the competencies outlined in the curriculum align with the dimensions of scientific literacy. This suggests that the Indonesian curriculum is designed to cultivate scientifically literate communities. However, further studies are required regarding implementing scientific literacy in the classroom.

Topic: STEM Education
Subfield: Education
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Powering the Women in Agriculture: Lessons on Women Led Farm Mechanisation in South India

Purpose:This article analyses how an initiative on farm mechanisation by a local government in Kerala in South India evolved into a formal organisation that provides sustainable livelihood options to women and small and marginal farmers and revived the rice production system.Design/methodology/approach:The study followed the case analysis method. Data were collected by interactions and focus group discussions with people's representatives, trained members of the organisation, farmers and experts of the state agricultural university. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to elicit responses systematically.Findings:Women can be more instrumental in addressing concerns on the sustainability of livelihood systems. However, this requires new institutional arrangements and models of linkages that can empower communities. Democratisation of planning and decision-making has enabled better synergy among various actors at the grass-roots level. Local bodies, research and extension institutions, etc., have been found to have significant roles to play as partners in showing new pathways. Women-led farm mechanisation could be used as a tool for reviving agricultural production systems and for ensuring food and livelihood security. The case highlights the need for evolving context specific organisations to address emerging socio-economic and environmental issues.Practical implication:Sustainability of vulnerable production systems in the emerging socio-economic contexts can be enhanced by gender-sensitive innovations in creating trained social capital and specialised institutions.Originality/value:The inference drawn would be of importance to policy experts, development practitioners, scientists and activists as it would help them explore innovative partnerships and linkages at the grass-roots level to address major socio-economic, gender and environmental issues.

Topic: Social and Economic Development in India
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences