jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Use of Electronic Resources in Degree College Libraries in Chandigarh

The electronic resources (e-resources) available in a library play a prominent role in facilitating access to required information to the users in an easy and expeditious manner. The e-resources, like CD-ROM databases, online journals, online books, OPACs, and the internet, are slowly replacing the importance and usage of print media. A study of 11 degree colleges in Chandigarh, which have students and teachers strength of over 30000, was conducted. For the purpose of the study, a sample selected was 770 which included 60 students and 10 teachers from each of the colleges, respectively. The objectives of this study was to know the usage of e-resources and services by the users of degree college libraries in Chandigarh; find out the impediments encountered by the users while accessing and using the e-resources; and suggest measures to take full advantage of IT to make degree college libraries more digitally resourceful and for providing information services data from the users.teachers and students.to know the impact of e-resources. The data collected was analysed using simple percentage technique. http://dx.doi.org/10.14429/djlit.31.6.1323

Topic: Library Science and Information Literacy
Subfield: Library and Information Sciences
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Lise Öğrencilerinin Biyoloji Derslerinde Edindikleri Bilgileri Günlük Hayatla İlişkilendirebilme Düzeyleri

Okullarda öğrenilen bilimsel bilgilerin, günlük yaşamla ilişkilendirildiği sürece kalıcı olacağı bilinmektedir. Bu çalışma lise öğrencilerinin biyoloji derslerinde kazandıkları düşünülen bilgileri günlük yaşamla ilişkilendirebilme düzeylerinin belirlenmesi ve başarı seviyesi yönünden okullar arası farklılıklar olup olmadığının tespit edilmesi amacı ile yürütülmüştür.

Topic: Hermeneutics and Narrative Identity
Subfield: Philosophy
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Use of Repeated DNA Sequences as Cytological Markers

The majority of DNA that is found in most of the flowering plants appears to be non-coding DNA. Much of this excess DNA consists of nucleotide sequences which exist as multiple copies throughout the genome and are designated as repetitive sequences. Those sequences which are found in moderately high to high numbers of copies are observed to be of the greatest value as cytological markers. Moderately high copies may exist as sequences which are dispersed throughout the chromosomes of some species and not dispersed in other more distantly related species. By taking advantage of this characteristic and the technique of in situ hybridization with biotinylated probes, breakpoints of chromosomal translocations may be observed between species such as wheat and rye. Many of the high copy number repetitive sequences are organized in a tandem fashion in specific loci in the chromosome. Chromosomal identification may be accomplished by using the in situ hybridization technique. Upon in situ hybridization with a repetitive sequence isolated from Aegilops squarrosa, the patterns of the sites of hybridization allowed the D-genome chromosomes to be identified. The sequence was also observed only on the D-genome chromosomes of several polyploid species indicating its usefulness as a genome specific marker. Using this genome specificity, assessment of the orientation of the D-genome chromosomal segments of hexaploid wheat carrying the sequence during interphase and prophase of mitotic root tip cells was possible. Repetitive DNA sequences, therefore, provide cytological markers necessary for studies of chromosomal identification, genome allocation, and genome orientation. The use of biotin-labeled DNA probes allows the technique of in situ hybridization to be performed much more rapidly and with a greater degree of safety and reliability.

Topic: Plant Disease Resistance and Genetics
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Numerical modelling of unsteady backward‐facing step flow

Abstract Numerical predictions of flow over a two‐dimensional backward‐facing step are made in the laminar flow regime. Solutions are carried out by solving the Navier‐Stokes equations in Hemholtz formulation. The wall vorticity is formulated through the use of the circulation theorem. The unsteady features of the flow development and the effects of Reynolds number on the flow structures are discussed in detail from the variations of streamline patterns, velocities, vorticities, and reattachment and detachment lengths. The current predictions are compared with the available numerical and experimental results. It is found that the comparisons are in reasonable agreement and provide detailed information about the unsteady separation phenomenon for this particular flow field.

Topic: Fluid Dynamics and Turbulent Flows
Subfield: Computational Mechanics
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Short‐term manipulation of precipitation in Mongolian steppe shows vegetation influenced more by timing than amount of rainfall

Abstract Questions How does plant productivity and community composition in the mountain steppe of northern Mongolia respond to increased precipitation? Do these changes differ with the timing of precipitation? Location Mountain steppe at ecotone between steppe and taiga, Dalbay Valley, Lake Hövsgöl International Long Term Ecological Research Site ( ILTER ), northern Mongolia (51°01.405′ N 100°45.600′ E). Methods We experimentally applied water, representing a 25% increase in growing season precipitation, to plots at the drier end of a topographic moisture gradient in mountain steppe vegetation. In one treatment, supplemental water was applied weekly for four growing seasons. A second treatment started in year 2, in which three times the weekly supplement of water was applied once every 3 wk for three growing seasons. Vascular plant species presence and percentage cover were used to assess water treatment effects on forb and graminoid composition. Plant species biomass and percentage cover in year 4 was used to determine treatment effects on total productivity, and on the abundances of legumes, non‐leguminous forbs and graminoids, separately. Lichen, litter and root biomass, plant available N, P and K, and seedling demography were also examined in year 4. Results Weekly watering changed the relative abundances of forbs and increased the total abundance of legumes and non‐leguminous forbs measured either as percentage cover or biomass. The 3‐wk watering treatment did not induce the same changes in forb composition or abundance of functional groups but produced less compositional change in graminoids compared to controls. Neither treatment increased total productivity. Three‐week watering increased plant available P and decreased litter. Seedling emergence, survival and size increased with one or both watering treatments. Conclusion In mountain steppe, precipitation increases will produce immediate changes in composition and abundance of forbs, including legumes, but not in graminoids or total productivity. The steppe is more responsive to regular incremental increases in precipitation than to less frequent, larger storms whose effect would be timing‐dependent within the short, temperature‐limited growing season. Longer term investigations need to be conducted to explore if further lagged responses to water addition occur.

Topic: Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies
Subfield: Nature and Landscape Conservation
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Radiofrequency ablation for treatment of giant hepatic hemangiomas

The clinical data of 32 patients with giant hepatic hemangioma (GHH) who underwent radiofrequency ablation (RFA) treatment in the PLA General Hospital and Affiliated Peace Hospital of Changzhi Medical College from June 2011 to May 2016 were retrospectively analyzed, including 26 cases treated with laparoscopy-guided RFA and 6 cases treated with ultrasound-guided percutaneous transhepatic RFA+ laparoscopy. A Total of 41 lesions were ablated, the diameters of lesions ranged from 2.0 to 12.0 cm. The RFA time ranged from 18 to 72 min and the volume of intraoperative bleeding varied from 5 ml to 150 ml. The incidence of postoperative complications was 56%, which mainly were fever and hemoglobinuria. Patients were followed up for 12 to 60 months; the lesions were incompletely ablated in 3 cases. Radiofrequency ablation is an effective and safe method for the treatment of giant hepatic hemangiomas.


Key words: 
Radiofrequency ablation; Hemangioma, liver; Laparoscopy

Topic: Genetic and Kidney Cyst Diseases
Subfield: Genetics
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Supplementary Figure 6 from Critical Roles of Mucin 1 Glycosylation by Transactivated Polypeptide &lt;i&gt;N&lt;/i&gt;-Acetylgalactosaminyltransferase 6 in Mammary Carcinogenesis

Supplementary Figure 6 from Critical Roles of Mucin 1 Glycosylation by Transactivated Polypeptide &lt;i&gt;N&lt;/i&gt;-Acetylgalactosaminyltransferase 6 in Mammary Carcinogenesis

Topic: Glycosylation and Glycoproteins Research
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Antimicrobial effect of novel gold nanoparticle oral rinse in subjects undergoing orthodontic treatment: An ex-vivo study

Aim: To compare the antimicrobial efficacy of an indigenously prepared gold nanoparticle (AuNP) oral rinse with chlorhexidine oral rinse on plaque samples of subjects undergoing orthodontic treatment. Materials and Methods: In the presented ex-vivo study, previously prepared AuNPs were subjected to microbroth dilution assay for determination of MIC. Dental plaque samples were collected from either first or second maxillary molar teeth from first and second quadrants in 20 subjects (18–30 years) undergoing orthodontic treatment in the outpatient department. An aliquot of 100 µL of saline mixed with plaque was diluted in 0.5 mL of each group (Group 1: control, Group 2: 0.6% AuNP mouthwash, and Group 3: 0.2% chlorhexidine mouthwash). An aliquot of 10 µL was collected from every group and inoculated in the Brain Heart Infusion agar. After incubating for 48 h, colony-forming units (cfu)/mL were counted and identification of colony morphologies was performed. Shapiro–Wilk's test was done for normality testing and descriptive statistics to quantify the cfu, Kruskal–Wallis test for intergroup comparisons, and Dunn's post hoc Tukey test for pairwise comparisons. Results: Mean and SD of cfu in group 1 was 521.36 ± 168.02, group 2 was 0.85 ± 0.74, and group 3 was 0.55 ± 0.45. Intergroup comparisons revealed statistically significant differences (P < 0.000). Pairwise comparison showed significant difference between the groups 1 and 2, groups 1 and 3 (P < 0.000), but not between groups 2 and 3 (P = 0.929). Conclusion: The indigenous AuNP herbal mouth rinse had a good antimicrobial effect against common oral microbes found in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment. The antibacterial effect of the new novel oral rinse when compared with commercially available chlorhexidine did not differ significantly.

Topic: Oral microbiology and periodontitis research
Subfield: Periodontics
Field: Dentistry
Domain: Health Sciences
Bacterial colonization of intestinal urinary conduit diversion: a morphologic and bacteriologic experimental study.

Cutaneous diversion of the urine through intestinal conduits results in bacteriuria with uropathogenic organisms in up to 80% of patients, many of whom suffer pyelonephritis. Analysis of the bacteriologic data from daily sampling at multiple sites and scanning and transmission electron microscopic studies of sequential loop and autopsy specimens in rabbits with functioning colonic conduits indicate that the pyelonephritis evolves in sequential stages of microbial colonization. Using these data on the natural progression of bacterial infection, we can rationally test the ability of strains of bacteria indigenous to the conduit of this animal model to prevent uropathogenic colonization of the conduit.

Topic: Urinary Tract Infections Management
Subfield: Epidemiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Structure of hibernating ribosomes studied by cryoelectron tomography in vitro and in situ

Ribosomes arranged in pairs (100S) have been related with nutritional stress response and are believed to represent a “hibernation state.” Several proteins have been identified that are associated with 100S ribosomes but their spatial organization has hitherto not been characterized. We have used cryoelectron tomography to reveal the three-dimensional configuration of 100S ribosomes isolated from starved Escherichia coli cells and we have described their mode of interaction. In situ studies with intact E. coli cells allowed us to demonstrate that 100S ribosomes do exist in vivo and represent an easily reversible state of quiescence; they readily vanish when the growth medium is replenished.

Topic: RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Needs and Possibilities for Engineering Education: One Industrial/Academic Perspective*

This paper reports a personal assessment of the readiness of new B.S. level engineering graduates to practice engineering immediately upon graduation. This assessment when reinforced by significant prior work motivates a systemic analysis of the U.S. Engineering Education System. The analysis is framed to address the implementation potential of ideas for how educators might efficiently teach undergraduate engineers “that engineering is more than differential equations”. The concepts which seem best from this analysis are combinations of aggressive intern opportunities combined with courses (starting in the freshman year) that emphasize the creative engineering process. These activities may be containable in the 4 year program but the analysis also suggests that extension of engineering education to 3 or more years beyond the B.S. would improve the possibility of reaching key educational goals including teaching adequate math and science fundamentals as well as engineering knowledge, process and creativity. Such radical change will be difficult and slow to occur (if at all) in this complex system. Moreover, this system is understandingly resistant to change because of significant perceptions of outstanding achievement. The driving force for change that may be strong enough to overcome these barriers is prospective students’ falling perceptions of engineering education as a preferred option.

Topic: Engineering Education and Curriculum Development
Subfield: Media Technology
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Distinct neurohumoral biomarker profiles in children with hemodynamically defined orthostatic intolerance may predict treatment options

Studies of adults with orthostatic intolerance (OI) have revealed altered neurohumoral responses to orthostasis, which provide mechanistic insights into the dysregulation of blood pressure control. Similar studies in children with OI providing a thorough neurohumoral profile are lacking. The objective of the present study was to determine the cardiovascular and neurohumoral profile in adolescent subjects presenting with OI. Subjects at 10–18 yr of age were prospectively recruited if they exhibited two or more traditional OI symptoms and were referred for head-up tilt (HUT) testing. Circulating catecholamines, vasopressin, aldosterone, renin, and angiotensins were measured in the supine position and after 15 min of 70° tilt. Heart rate and blood pressure were continuously measured. Of the 48 patients, 30 patients had an abnormal tilt. Subjects with an abnormal tilt had lower systolic, diastolic, and mean arterial blood pressures during tilt, significantly higher levels of vasopressin during HUT, and relatively higher catecholamines and ANG II during HUT than subjects with a normal tilt. Distinct neurohumoral profiles were observed when OI subjects were placed into the following groups defined by the hemodynamic response: postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS), orthostatic hypotension (OH), syncope, and POTS/syncope. Key characteristics included higher HUT-induced norepinephrine in POTS subjects, higher vasopressin in OH and syncope subjects, and higher supine and HUT aldosterone in OH subjects. In conclusion, children with OI and an abnormal response to tilt exhibit distinct neurohumoral profiles associated with the type of the hemodynamic response during orthostatic challenge. Elevated arginine vasopressin levels in syncope and OH groups are likely an exaggerated response to decreased blood flow not compensated by higher norepinephrine levels, as observed in POTS subjects. These different compensatory mechanisms support the role of measuring neurohumoral profiles toward the goal of selecting more focused and mechanistic-based treatment options for pediatric patients with OI.

Topic: Cardiovascular Syncope and Autonomic Disorders
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Application of nonlinear frequency response method for investigation of equlibrium and kinetics of gas-solid adsorption

The understanding of complex kinetic mechanisms of gas-solid adsorption is a challenging\nissue. The Frequency Response (FR) method, which has commonly been used for studying the\nkinetics of adsorption, analyzes the frequency response of the system in a linear range, and\ntherefore partly fails to identify and characterize the kinetics of nonlinear adsorption\nphenomena. In the frame of this thesis, the applicability of a new Nonlinear Frequency\nResponse (NFR) method for characterization of kinetics and equilibria of gas adsorption, was\ninvestigated.\nThe NFR method is based on the analysis of the frequency responses for a rather large\namplitude input excitation, named Nonlinear Frequency Responses, and determination of the\nhigher-order frequency response functions (FRFs), by applying the Volterra series and\ngeneralized Fourier transform. The applicability of the NFR method for characterization of\nkinetics and equilibria of pure gas adsorption was investigated both theoretically and\nexperimentally, for the case of a batch adsorber. The critical issue regarding the applicability of\nthe NFR method was determination of the second-order FRF on the adsorbent particle scale.\nThe theoretical investigation comprises two parts. The first part of investigation is based on the\nnumerical simulations of the dynamic responses of a batch adsorption system, by using\nmathematical models on the adsorber scale and adsorbent particle scale. As a result, the\nprocedure for designing the NFR experiments has been established. In the second part, the\ntheoretical FRFs up to the second-order for nonisothermal macropore diffusion (NMD) model,\nas one of the common mechanisms of gas-solid adsorption, have been derived and analyzed.\nAs a result, the methodology for estimation of the parameters of NMD model, based on the\ncharacteristics of the FRFs, was established. In order to validate the NFR method\nexperimentally, a new experimental set-up was designed and constructed. The working\nprinciple of the apparatus is modulation of the volume of the closed cell in a sinusiodal way,\nwith variable amplitude and frequency, and measuring the pressure, adsorbent temperature and\ngas temperature responses. The test system was CO2/ zeolite 5A particles. The results showed\nthat the NFR method can be applied for identification of the kinetic mechanism and estimation\nof equilibrium and kinetic data. It was also shown, that it is advantageous compared to the\nlinear FR method in terms of reliability of identification of the kinetic model based on the\nsecond-order FRF, as well as in the possibility to estimate both kinetic and equilibrium data.\nSince this work represents the first evidence of experimental application of the NFR method for\ninvestigation of gas adsorption, it opens significant new perspectives in this field.

Topic: Spectroscopy and Laser Applications
Subfield: Spectroscopy
Field: Chemistry
Domain: Physical Sciences
Use of a Long Short-Term Memory Network in Radio Tomography to Track People Indoors

The aim of the research is to develop a system enabling effective and efficient tracking of people inside buildings using radio waves. The presented concept uses radio tomography imaging (RTI) as a passive analysis of radio wave interference as well as active connections with transmitting and receiving devices---mainly smartphones. A long short-term memory (LSTM) neural network was used to solve the inverse tomographic problem of converting measurements into images. The presented concept uses a proprietary design of transducers, which are transmitting and receiving devices that can exchange information with each other and establish connections with other devices. The novelty is the hybrid nature of the people location system, using both device-free and device-based methods. Another new approach is using the LSTM network to solve the inverse problem in RTI. Both solutions make the location system much more flexible, which makes imaging much more accurate and reliable.

Topic: Electrical and Bioimpedance Tomography
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Population Dynamics of Predatory Phytoseiid Mite, Neoseiulus longispinosus (Evans) on Brinjal

The peak incidence of was observed on brinjal during second fortnight of April 2018 i.e. during 17 (2.375 active N. longispinosus th stages/leaf) and 18 (2.318active stages/leaf) standard meteorological week (SMW).The incidence of egg stage was found to range from th 0.00 to 0.42 per leaf.Phytoseiid mite population showed a decreasing trend when temperature increased or decreased than 37.0 °C.Temperature range from 15.5 to 26.1°C (mid-October to end of February) was not found favourable for the development of N. longispinosus under natural conditions The population of eggs and active stages of s was found to have a positive correlation with maximum .N. longispinosu temperature while it showed a negative correlation with minimum temperature.A negative correlation of rainy days was also observed with the population of eggs and active stages of .N.

Topic: Agricultural pest management studies
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences