jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Progressing the development of a food literacy questionnaire using cognitive interviews.

OBJECTIVE: Food literacy is the knowledge, skills and behaviours needed to meet food needs and determine intake and is conceptualised as eleven components under four domains of planning and managing, selecting, preparing, and eating. Previous measures of food literacy vary in their adherence to the conceptualisation and ability to capture totality of eating. This study aimed to determine items for inclusion and exclusion in a food literacy item pool and capture the general public's interpretation of everyday food literacy practices. DESIGN: Beginning with an item pool from previous studies, cognitive interviews were conducted using think-aloud and verbal probing methods. Data were first analysed for applicability, clarity, ambiguity and logic, then for emergent themes to ensure items captured the totality of the participant's eating. SETTING: Australia. PARTICIPANTS: Australian residents over 18 years of age recruited via Facebook residential groups (n 20). RESULTS: Of the original 116 items, 11 items had limited applicability; 13 items had unclear references; 32 items had lexical problems and 11 items had logical problems. In total, 29 items were deleted, 31 retained and 56 revised. Thematic analysis revealed participants limited their responses to consider only conventional practices such as grocery shopping, cooking and planned meals rather than the totality of their eating. An additional eighty-four items were developed to address eating out, incidental eating occasions and inconsistencies between participants assumed correct knowledge and that of public health guidelines. This resulted in a refined 171-item pool. CONCLUSIONS: This study progresses the development towards a comprehensive, validated food literacy questionnaire.

Topic: Culinary Culture and Tourism
Subfield: Food Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
The Effects of Long-term Heparin Therapy During Pregnancy on Bone Density

Summary We performed a prospective matched cohort study to investigate the effects of long-term (&gt;1 month) heparin therapy on lumbar spine bone density. Twenty-five women who received heparin during pregnancy, and 25 matched controls underwent dual photon absorptiometry of the lumbar spine in the post-partum period. Zero of 25 heparin-treated patients developed fractures. Heparin-treated patients had a 0.082 g/cm2 lower bone density compared to untreated controls, which is clinically and statistically significant (p = 0.0077). There were 6 matched pairs in which only the heparin-treated patient had a bone density below 1.0 g/ cm2, compared to only one pair in which only the control patient had a bone density below this level (p = 0.089). The correlation coefficients of the difference .in bone density in each matched pair, and the duration of heparin therapy, the mean daily dose, and the total dose of heparin were 0.042, -0.015, and 0.021, respectively; none of these values is statistically significant. We conclude: 1) long-term heparin therapy was associated with a significant reduction in bone density, although fractures are uncommon, 2) there was no significant correlation between lumbar bone density and the dose or duration of heparin.

Topic: Pregnancy-related medical research
Subfield: Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Hopf bifurcation and quasiperiodicy in a simulation model of the leaky faucet

Simulations with a discrete mapping, obtained from a relaxation oscillator model for the leaky faucet, are presented. It is shown that Hopf bifurcations and closed-loop attractors similar to those observed in leaky faucet experiments can be easily reproduced.

Topic: Nonlinear Dynamics and Pattern Formation
Subfield: Computer Networks and Communications
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
History, Renewal, and El Camino de la Leche

There is a dearth of research in the areas of both Latina/o apostolic1 movements, particularly Charismatic Catholics in the United States as well as women's voices from which to develop theologies grounded historically via América Latina.2 At first these two areas may seem quite distant from one another, yet the little research that does exist around Latina/o Charismatics seems to point toward this renewal movement beginning within the last 50 to 75 years,3 therefore historically rooting Latina/o Catholics' development of thought around the Spirit also within this timeframe.KeywordsBreast MilkSpecial PerspectiveRenewal MovementCatholic ParishMarianist FamilyThese keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.

Topic: Religion and Society Interactions
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Blast Analysis of Laminated Glass Curtain Walls Equipped by Viscoelastic Dissipative Devices

Nonlinear numerical simulations are reported for a conventional unitized laminated glass curtain wall subjected to high- and low-level air blast loading. The studied curtain wall, spanning floor to floor, consisted of a laminated glass panel, a continuous bead of structural silicone sealant, a split screw spline frame and four rigid brackets. Firstly, a linear elastic FE-model (M01) is presented to investigate dynamic stresses and deflections due to explosion, by taking into account geometrical nonlinearities. Since, in similar glazing systems, it is important to take into account the possible cracking of glass lites, a second model (M02), calibrated to previous experimental data, is proposed. In it, glass behaves as a brittle-elastic material, whereas an elastoplastic characteristic curve is assumed for mullions. As a result, the design explosion seriously affects the main components of the curtain wall, especially the bead of silicone. To address these criticalities, additional viscoelastic (VE) devices are installed at the frame corners (M03). Their effectiveness explains the additional deformability provided to the conventional curtain wall, as well as the obvious dissipation of the incoming energy due to blast loading. Structural and energy capabilities provided by devices are highlighted by means of numerical simulations.

Topic: Structural Analysis of Composite Materials
Subfield: Mechanical Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Kirkjubømúrurin: R009

Sligin basalt steinur úr Kirkjubømúrinum, partur av steinasavninum hjá Tjóðsavninum. English: Carved basalt stone from Kirkjubømúrinum (The Saint Magnus Cathedral), in storage at Tjóðsavnið. Dimension: 30 x 27 x18 cm. Created by Petur Hansen, using Artec space spider scanner and Artec Studio 15. Source: Objaverse 1.0 / Sketchfab

Topic: Fungal Plant Pathogen Control
Subfield: Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
An Analytic Theory of Adiabatic <i>p</i>-modes in the Atmospheres of the Sun and Sun-like Stars

Abstract An analytic theory of resonant transmission has been used to study adiabatic, non-vertical oscillations in a realistic model of the solar or a stellar atmosphere and subphotosphere. Basic observed features of solar p -modes can be explained in this way.

Topic: Solar and Space Plasma Dynamics
Subfield: Astronomy and Astrophysics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Introduction

Good ideas sometimes occur in the twilight. The origin of this book was in a discussion with James Foreman-Peck about the economic consequences of the introduction of the lira in 1861, due to the unification of Italy, previously so divided. Whether or not the lira can be blamed for the persistent gap between North and South in Italy, the common currency did not enhance the integration. Readers who are eager to take part of the argument about the Italian unification can turn to chapter seven, by Foreman-Peck.

Topic: Global Financial Crisis and Policies
Subfield: Finance
Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance
Domain: Social Sciences
Physical Properties of Polyethylene and Ethylene Vinyl Acetate Foam Mixtures

Previous studies on the physical properties of each Polyethylene (PE) or Ethylene Vinyl Acetate (EVA) foam have been widely reported. The current challenge is how to understand the combination of PE and EVA foam in order to obtain appropriate properties in various applications. Therefore, an experimental breakthrough in order to understand the physical mechanism on the PE:EVA mixed foam in order to maintain many appropriate properties due to their applications was studied. The physical properties of a combination of PE and EVA foam with Azodicarbonamide (ADC) as blowing agent and the addition of Zinc Oxide (ZnO) as accelerated agent in foaming process have been investigated in this study. The foams were prepared via two steps. Firstly, the various content of PE and EVA resins with combination of various content of ZnO and the addition of ADC, stearic acids and antioxidants were mixed by a single screw extrusion as the results of pellets. Furthermore, this intermediate product was pressed by compression moulding at the temperature of 175 °C and pressure of 30 bar for 5 minutes, then the pressure was released for the foaming process. The effect of the addition of ZnO were observed on the density and the mechanical properties of the foams. The density decreased with increasing of ZnO content up to 4 per hundred resin (phr) on the foam with PE content maximum of 20 phr. Interestingly the density of the foam increased with the addition of 6 phr of ZnO. Due to the increasing number of ZnO, we found the formation of foams completely. We observed the approval of the hardness, tensile and compression properties of each formulation, respectively. Furthermore, the morphology observation of the foams was conducted by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to measure the size and homogeneous of the cells. We observed large size of cells at low density of foams, meanwhile uniform of cell was obtained at the high density of foams. Finally, the Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy confirmed that in general the intensity of the absorption peak at around 2216 cm -1 - 2223 cm -1 of each formulation decreased with the addition of ZnO up to 4 phr of ZnO and increased again at 6 phr of ZnO.

Topic: Polymer Foaming and Composites
Subfield: Polymers and Plastics
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Supplementary Data from Identification of a Novel DNA Binding Site and a Transcriptional Target for Activating Transcription Factor 5 in C6 Glioma and MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cells

Supplementary Data from Identification of a Novel DNA Binding Site and a Transcriptional Target for Activating Transcription Factor 5 in C6 Glioma and MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cells

Topic: RNA modifications and cancer
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
List of abbreviations

In today’s world, we are offered a constantly expanding number of technologies to integrate into our lives. We now utilise a range of interconnected technologies at work, at home and at leisure. The realm of sport is no exception, where new technologies or enhancements are available to athletes, coaches, scientists, umpires, governing bodies and broadcasters. However, this book argues that in a world where time has become a precious commodity and numerous options are always on offer, functionality is no longer enough to drive their usage within elite sports training, competition and broadcasting. Consistent with an actor-network theory approach as developed by Bruno Latour, John Law, Michele Callon and Annemarie Mol, the book shows how those involved in sport must grapple with a unique set of understandings and connections in order to determine the best combination of technologies and other factors to serve their particular purpose. This book uses a case study approach to demonstrate how there are multiple explanations and factors at play in the use of technology that cannot be reduced to singular explanations like performance enhancement or commercialisation. Specific cases examined include doping, swimsuits, GPS units, Hawk-Eye and kayaks, along with broader areas such as the use of sports scientists in training and the integration of new enhancements in broadcasting. In all cases, the book demonstrates how multiple actors can affect the use or non-use of technology.

Topic: Digital Games and Media
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Organocatalyzed Transient Dienamine-Mediated Diels-Alder Reactions between α,β-Unsaturated Ketones and Alkenes

Organocatalyzed (4+2) cycloadditions (Diels-Alder reactions) are reviewed in this manuscript. Among the different catalytic alternatives, reactions involving α,β-unsaturated ketones and alkenes are considered. In these processes, substituted cyclohexanones are obtained via HOMO activation generated by amine organocatalysis that generate transient dienamine species. Both concerted and stepwise mechanisms are described. In most cases, excellent regio-, diastereo- and enantiocontrol have been observed. Keywords: Organocatalysis, diels-Alder reactions, cycloadditions, michael additions, pericyclic reactions, stepwise mechanisms.

Topic: Asymmetric Synthesis and Catalysis
Subfield: Organic Chemistry
Field: Chemistry
Domain: Physical Sciences
When past meets future in Persian: A construction grammar approach to futurity

In Persian, two of the verbal constructions used for expressing futurity – the Past Simple and the Future Simple – are built around the past form of the main verb. This paper seeks to demystify this connection between the past and the future by investigating how these past forms contribute to the expression of futurity and setting this within an overall analysis of the future constructions in this language. Based on the form of the main verb in 940 sentences with verbal future constructions, six constructions were identified and categorized into future-oriented past constructions (FPST), which include the Past Simple and the Future Simple, and future-oriented present constructions (FPRT), which include the Present Simple, the Present Progressive, the Present Subjunctive and the WANT construction. A construction grammar approach together with Reichenbach and neo-Reichenbach terminology was then utilized to distinguish the differing relations between tense, aspect, mood and speaker perspective, and assign syntactic-semantic maps in terms of features such as level of formality, perfectness, intended future, certainty and inner aspect (aktionsart) to each of the FPST and FPRT constructions. It is argued that the use of the past form of the main verb in the Past Simple and the Future Simple (FPST constructions) owes much to aspectual and ontological factors, with the past element indicating certainty, perfectness and a speaker perspective of looking back.

Topic: Syntax, Semantics, Linguistic Variation
Subfield: Language and Linguistics
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Optical performance improvement of semi-transparent metal film electrodes with biomimetic subwavelength gratings for high-performance optoelectronic device applications

Semi-transparent metal electrodes consisting of silver-coated subwavelength gratings on polymer film/polyethylene terephthalate substrates for high-performance optoelectronic device applications.

Topic: Nanofabrication and Lithography Techniques
Subfield: Biomedical Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
A Nonclassic CCAAT Enhancer Element Binding Protein Binding Site Contributes to α-Methylacyl-CoA Racemase Expression in Prostate Cancer

Abstract α-Methylacyl-CoA racemase (AMACR), an enzyme involved in branched-chain fatty acid β-oxidation that is normally expressed at high levels in human liver, is specifically and consistently overexpressed at both mRNA and protein levels in human prostate cancer and potentially other cancer types. To characterize the mechanisms underlying transcriptional regulation of AMACR at the genetic and epigenetic levels, we performed a series of methylation and reporter assays in prostate cancer tissues and cell lines. The results ruled out altered methylation patterns as the cause of overexpression in prostate cancer cells. However, promoter deletion analysis identified an 8-bp nonclassic CCAAT enhancer element located ∼80 bp upstream of the transcriptional initiation site that is responsible for AMACR expression in both prostate cancer cell lines and cell lines of liver origin. Deletion or mutation of this element completely abolished AMACR promoter activity. Ectopic expression of CCAAT/enhancer binding protein β increased luciferase activity driven by a wild-type AMACR promoter sequence but not by the sequence in which the putative CCAAT/enhancer binding protein binding element had been mutated. These results implicate a nonclassic CCAAT enhancer element in the AMACR gene promoter as playing a critical role in the regulation of AMACR gene expression.

Topic: Epigenetics and DNA Methylation
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Descriptions of ten new species of Turraea L. (Meliaceae, Turraeeae) from Madagascar with notes on the species described by Buchenau

Callmander, Martin W., Nusbaumer, Louis (2024): Descriptions of ten new species of Turraea L. (Meliaceae, Turraeeae) from Madagascar with notes on the species described by Buchenau. Adansonia (3) 46 (11): 103-128, DOI: 10.5252/adansonia2024v46a11, URL: https://sciencepress.mnhn.fr/sites/default/files/articles/pdf/adansonia2024v46a11.pdf

Topic: Plant and Fungal Species Descriptions
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
CCDC 230528: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.

Topic: Crystallization and Solubility Studies
Subfield: Materials Chemistry
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Tunisian Migrants and Their Experience of Racism in Modena

Summary Based both on the author's personal testimony of living, working and studying in Italy for ten years, and on his more recent sociological fieldwork, this article explores various dimensions of racism in the north Italian city of Modena, paying special attention to the experiences of Tunisian immigrants. The methodology comprises interviews with Tunisian immigrants and their employers, observations in bars and other public places, analysis of racism in the workplace, monitoring of the local media and reference to the national political debate. The findings reveal that being on the receiving end of racism, hostility and violence are regular facets of the everyday lives of Tunisian immigrants in Modena, as well as being part of a wider local and national anti-immigrant discourse.

Topic: Italian Social Issues and Migration
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Lifetime Prediction of RF SAW Duplexer Using Accelerated Life Testing

본 논문에서는 RF SAW 듀플렉서에 대하여 가속수명시험을 설계하고 수명예측방법에 대하여 제시하였다. 가속수명시험설계 시 가속스트레스는 RF 입력전력으로 정하고 삽입손실이 0.5[dB] 증가하는 기간을 듀플렉서의 수명으로 정의하였다. 듀플렉서의 수명예측결과는 <TEX>$85^{\circ}C$</TEX> 주위온도와 30[dBm] RF입력전력에서 약 82,900시간으로 추정되었다. In this paper, we designed the accelerated life testing(ALT) and presented the lifetime prediction method of the RF SAW duplexer. We determined RF input power as an accelerated stress when designing an accelerating life testing and defined the lifetime of the duplexer as the period during which the insertion loss increased by 0.5[dB]. Lifetime prediction results of duplexer was estimated for 82,900hours at an ambient temperature of <TEX>$85^{\circ}C$</TEX> and RF input power of 30[dBm].

Topic: Acoustic Wave Resonator Technologies
Subfield: Biomedical Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Travel time constraints in transport policy

Average travel time per person has remained constant at about an hour a day for at least the past 30 years, over which period average distance travelled has increased by over 50%. The average number of trips per person has also held steady, at 1000 per year. It follows that the growth in travel has taken the form of longer journeys at higher average speeds. Most of the intended investment in the UK Government's Ten Year Transport Plan has the effect of increasing average speed. This will increase distances travelled within constant average travel time, will result in increased environmental detriments, and is not likely to have a perceptible impact on congestion. Congestion charging could reduce distances travelled, but raises an issue of equity. Some approaches are discussed that could increase transport system efficiency without increasing average speed.

Topic: Transportation Planning and Optimization
Subfield: Transportation
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Impartial Medical Testimony

An impartial medical testimony program provides in essence for the establishment of panels of outstanding, neu tral experts in each of the branches of traumatic medicine. Whenever the medical claims of the contending parties in per sonal injury lawsuits seem irreconcilable, the court may desig nate a physician from the appropriate panel, who will report his findings to the judge and the respective attorneys and pos sibly testify if the case goes to trial. The program, in concep tion and operation, has a two-fold purpose. It is an important factor in the never ending campaign to reduce court congestion and delays, although far from a cure-all for that problem. It is also a very effective instrument in the pre-trial arsenal of measures designed to make a trial a fair and knowledgeable search for the truth. The impartial medical testimony program serves directly and indirectly to discourage the "battle of ex perts" in the courtroom, which often confuses lay jurors and judges, degrades the judicial process, and stigmatizes two great professions.

Topic: Medical Malpractice and Liability Issues
Subfield: Pharmacy
Field: Health Professions
Domain: Health Sciences