jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Comment: Detection of Vaccine Adverse Events Before Package Insert Revisions Using a Japanese Spontaneous Reporting System

We read with great interest the research article by Suzuki et al.1 Although it is very useful to understand the utilization of the Japanese Adverse Drug Event Report (JADER) database for vaccine-induced adverse events (VAEs), there are major questions about this process, as outlined below. A new finding presented in this article is that the JADER database, unlike the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS) maintained by the US Food and Drug Administration and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, may be able to detect VAE signals earlier, even though it contains information on adverse events without distinguishing between vaccines and other drugs. Miyazaki reported that the vaccine spontaneous report databases that can be used for signal detection from the standpoint of companies are “in-house databases” and “JADER.”2 Although spontaneous reporting databases from other countries, such as VAERS, are accessible to companies, the report states that not only are there differences in immunization systems and vaccine production lots in each country, but also there are many additional interpretive considerations that must be noted. As the results of detecting VAE signals by JADER are used in revising package inserts (ie, the signal is one of the triggers for revising package inserts), it is not surprising that VAE signals are often detected earlier than the revision of the package inserts. On the other hand, as the authors also stated, the signals detected contain potential reporting bias and cannot be used to determine causality.1 That is, the detected positive signals will lead to a validation step and, if necessary, to the revision of package inserts.3 However, you must remember that even a negative signal may well result in revising the package inserts as a result of the comprehensive pharmacological review. In fact, 3 exceptions were observed that were not detected before revising package inserts.1 With this in mind, the signal is one of the triggers for the revision of package inserts but is not essential. When vaccine case information is stored in the same spontaneous reporting database as other drug case information, the question of whether the entire database should be analyzed or whether a subset of vaccine cases should be created and analyzed has been discussed widely in other countries,4 and is also the case in this study.2 It is known that signal detection using the entire database may mask unknown safety signals arising from vaccines.2 Therefore, signal detection using a subset of vaccine cases should also be performed in this study. Y.N. and T.Y. both wrote the article. Y.N. and T.Y. declare that they have no conflicts of interest associated with this work. This study was supported by the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) KAKENHI (Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research) grant number 22K12890. Not applicable.

Topic: Pharmacovigilance and Adverse Drug Reactions
Subfield: Toxicology
Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics
Domain: Life Sciences
Cajanus cajan L. ICPL 22408

Plant Genetic Resource.<br>Taxonomy: Cajanus cajan L.<br>Common name(s): Pigeonpea<br>Conserved by: ICRISAT Plant Breeding Program, India<br>Local sample unique identifier: ICPL 22408<br>Method of creation: Novel distinct PGRFA<br>Date: 2023-05-25<br>Biological status: Breeder's line<br>MLS status: Included

Topic: Genetic and Environmental Crop Studies
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Global Condoms Market PPT: Demand, Trends and Business Opportunities 2022-27

According to the latest report by IMARC Group, the global condoms market size is expected to grow at a CAGR of 9.40% during 2022-2027. A condom is a barrier contraceptive used during sexual intercourse to prevent unplanned pregnancy and the spread of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) and sexually transmitted infections such as herpes simplex virus (HSV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). \n

Topic: Hermeneutics and Narrative Identity
Subfield: Philosophy
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Myxoma Virus M11L Prevents Apoptosis through Constitutive Interaction with Bak

ABSTRACT M11L, a 166-amino-acid antiapoptotic protein of myxoma virus, was previously shown to bind to the peripheral benzodiazepine receptor by hydrophobic interactions at the outer mitochondrial membrane. Here we demonstrate that an additional property of M11L is the ability to constitutively form inhibitory complexes with the proapoptotic Bcl-2 family member Bak in human cells. This binding interaction was identified by both FLAG-tagged pull-down assays and tandem affinity purification from transfected and virus-infected human cells. M11L binds constitutively to human Bak and, under some inducible conditions, to human Bax as well, but not to the other Bcl-2 family members (Bad, Bid, Bcl-2). When stably expressed in human embryonic kidney (HEK293) cells, M11L effectively protects these cells from Fas ligand-induced apoptosis, thereby blocking release of cytochrome c , activation of caspase 9, and cleavage of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase. We also demonstrate in coexpression studies that M11L can interact with Bak independently of any involvement with Bax. Furthermore, cells stably expressing M11L function to prevent apoptosis that is induced by overexpression of Bak. We conclude that M11L inhibits, in a species-independent fashion, apoptotic signals mediated by activation of Bak.

Topic: Cell death mechanisms and regulation
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
The abridged comparative plant ecology

Part 1 Introduction: aims and methods primary ecological strategies the abridged accounts data sources for the abridged accounts. Part 2 Contents of the accounts and how to use them: introduction nomenclature established strategy gregariousness flowers regenerative strategies seed British distribution habitats species most similar in habitats full autecological account synopsis current trends. Part 3 The abridged accounts. Part 4 Tables of attributes: introduction explanation of tables.

Topic: Botany and Plant Ecology Studies
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Studies on Length-Weight Relationship and Condition of Fish from Sonmiani Balochistan, Pakistan

An investigation was designed to elucidate the relationship between length versus weight and condition of fish from Sonmiani Balochistan, Pakistan during January to May 2016. In total 884 fish samples were analyzed from the catch of local fisher folk. The relationship of four common fish species were calculated as below. Acanthopagrus berda: Log a -2.89+3.90 Sillago sihama: Log a -1.07 +2.21 Liza subviridis: Log a -0.89 + 2.15 Sardinella longicep: Log a -1879+2.95 It has been noted from the above regression equations that the three experimental fish exhibited b= value less than 3. The condition factor was calculating for each species separately and ranged within 1.0 – 1.18, while Sardinella longicep was found slightly in better condition (Kn=1.18) in relation to other three species. Finally, it was concluded that the environmental conditions of Sonmiani lagoon supports the fish potential positively as indicated both the values of relationship between length versus weight and coefficient of condition values of experimental fish termed as satisfactory or positive allometric type of growth. In case of Acanthopagrus berda was found in ideal condition in comparison of other species.

Topic: Fish Biology and Ecology Studies
Subfield: Aquatic Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Robotic Exoskeleton Gait Training in Stroke: An Electromyography-Based Evaluation

The recovery of symmetric and efficient walking is one of the key goals of a rehabilitation program in patients with stroke. The use of overground exoskeletons alongside conventional gait training might help foster rhythmic muscle activation in the gait cycle toward a more efficient gait. About twenty-nine patients with subacute stroke have been recruited and underwent either conventional gait training or experimental training, including overground gait training using a wearable powered exoskeleton alongside conventional therapy. Before and after the rehabilitation treatment, we assessed: (i) gait functionality by means of clinical scales combined to obtain a Capacity Score, and (ii) gait neuromuscular lower limbs pattern using superficial EMG signals. Both groups improved their ability to walk in terms of functional gait, as detected by the Capacity Score. However, only the group treated with the robotic exoskeleton regained a controlled rhythmic neuromuscular pattern in the proximal lower limb muscles, as observed by the muscular activation analysis. Coherence analysis suggested that the control group (CG) improvement was mediated mainly by spinal cord control, while experimental group improvements were mediated by cortical-driven control. In subacute stroke patients, we hypothesize that exoskeleton multijoint powered fine control overground gait training, alongside conventional care, may lead to a more fine-tuned and efficient gait pattern.

Topic: Stroke Rehabilitation and Recovery
Subfield: Rehabilitation
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Recent Production and Marketing Scenarios of Water Chestnut (Trapa spp.) in India: A Review

Water chestnut (Trapa spp.) is an important annual, floated but rooted aquatic plant of temperate and tropical freshwater wetlands of India. The water chestnut is native to Europe, Asia and Africa and has been widely cultivated for a long time for food in Asia. It thrives best in nutrient-rich water with a pH range of 6.7 to 8.2. The plant Trapa spp. has also been recognized as analgesic, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic and anti-microbial. The kernels of water chestnut act as a diuretic, aphrodisiac, nutrient, appetizer, astringent, coolant, anti-diarrheal and tonic. It is an excellent source of minerals such as K, Ca and Mg, as well as carbohydrates and protein. In the creation of mixed products, many food products derived from the chestnut kernel and its flour are used. The yield per hectare is approximately 4-4.5 tones of fresh fruit and 1-1.5 tones of dry nuts. As fresh, canned fruit, dry nuts and flour, it has a very promising market in India and internationally. Fresh fruits are extremely delicious. TSS values varied from 7.0 to 9.00B. It is a very lovely and low-cost nutritious food that has the potential to manipulate the food market by making available various water chestnut mix flour items that might play an essential role in addressing malnutrition in India. This study of enumerated areas, production and marketing potential may be of immense value and great interest to researchers and academicians.

Topic: Plant and Fungal Interactions Research
Subfield: Endocrinology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Thermoforming of wood veneer composite sheets

Abstract Thermoforming of wood veneers into profiles is a novel idea and the focus of this paper is to study the formability characteristics of thin radiata pine ( Pinus radiata D. Don) veneers, which are generally used as surface coverings. Radiata pine is well suited as a raw material for furniture, joinery, and interior architectural products. This is because it has excellent turning, shaping, and laminating properties and readily achieves brilliant stain and paint finishes. In this study, radiata pine veneers were softened by immersion in a hot water bath and then thermoformed by means of heated dies/moulds. The formability characteristics were investigated by conducting single-curvature V-bending tests. The influence of the forming method on the shape conformance of softened veneers under single- and multiple-bend conditions was examined. The paper also discusses the influences of manufacturing parameters that include the softening method, the die temperature, the duration of forming, the ratio of bend radius to veneer thickness, and the veneer architecture. The study clearly establishes the feasibility of forming veneers into multi-bend products in a semi-continuous manner using matched dies.

Topic: Material Properties and Processing
Subfield: Mechanics of Materials
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Thermal Growth and Performance of Manganese Cobaltite Spinel Protection Layers on Ferritic Stainless Steel SOFC Interconnects

To protect solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) from chromium poisoning and improve metallic interconnect stability, manganese cobaltite spinel protection layers with a nominal composition of Mn 1 . 5 Co 1 . 5 O 4 were thermally grown on Crofer22 APU, a ferritic stainless steel. Thermal, electrical, and electrochemical investigations indicated that the spinel protection layers not only significantly decreased the contact area specific resistance (ASR) between a LSF cathode and the stainless steel interconnect, but also inhibited the subscale growth on the stainless steel by acting as a barrier to the inward diffusion of oxygen. A long-term thermal cycling test demonstrated excellent structural and thermomechanical stability of these spinel protection layers, which also acted as a barrier to outward chromium cation diffusion to the interconnect surface. The reduction in the contact ASR and prevention of Cr migration achieved by application of the spinel protection layers on the cathode side of ferritic stainless steel interconnects resulted in improved stability and electrochemical performance of SOFCs.

Topic: Advancements in Solid Oxide Fuel Cells
Subfield: Materials Chemistry
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
An experimental study on the punching shear behaviour of RC slabs strengthened by GFRP

An experiment was conducted to investigate the punching shear strength and failure behaviour of concrete slabs strengthened with glass-fiber-reinforced-plastics (GFRP). The variables of eighteen specimens included concrete compressive strength, ratio of the reinforcing steel, and amount of GFRP. Test results indicate that the presence of GFRP substantially increases the punching shear capacity of slab-column connections.

Topic: Structural Behavior of Reinforced Concrete
Subfield: Building and Construction
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
ANALISIS KEBUTUHAN PENDIDIKAN AGAMA KRISTEN DALAM MENUMBUHKAN MORAL KRISTIANI ANAK USIA DINI

This study aims to analyze the needs of Christian religious education in fostering early Christian morals. This research was concuded at the early childhood education programs Intitut of Sipoholon sub- District North Tapanuli regency in 2018. The object of research is the teachers of Sipoholon. Earned value overall analycis of the needs for Christian religious education in fostering the children of early childhood education programs in Sipoholon sub- district, North Tapanuli regency in 2018 is 3,07 and this value is in the good category. The result of the data calculation are on a scale 2,60-3,59. That means that teacher have tried to poster chidrens morality through Christian religious education. But in some teaching the teaher has not maximally known the importance Christian education in fostering Christian morality in early childhood.BAHASA INDONESIA ABSTRACT: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kebutuhan Pendidikan Agama Kristen dalam Menumbuhkan Moral Kristiani Anak Usia Dini. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Lembaga PAUD Se-Kecamatan Sipoholon Kabupaten Tapanuli Utara Tahun 2018, yang menjadi objek penelitian ini adalah guru-guru PAUD se-Kecamatan Sipoholon Kabupaten Tapanuli Utara. Diperoleh nilai keseluruhan Analisis Kebutuhan Pendidikan Agama Kristen dalam Menumbuhkan Moral Kristiani Anak PAUD Se- Kecamatan Sipoholon Kabupaten Tapanuli Utara Tahun 2018 adalah 3,07 dan nilai ini berada pada kategori baik, hasil perhitungan data berada pada skala 2,60-3,59 berarti hipotesa diterima. Hal tersebut memperlihatkan bahwa guru sudah berupaya menumbuhkan moralitas anak melalui pendidikan Agama Kristen. Namun pada sebahagian pengajaran guru belum maksimal mengetahui pentingnya Pendidikan Agama Kristen dalam menumbuhkan moralitas kristiani anak usia dini.Keywords: Christian religious education, Christian moral of kids.

Topic: Contemporary Christian Leadership and Education
Subfield: Religious studies
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Assessing Distinctiveness Effects and “False Memories” in Chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes)

There are many parallels between human and nonhuman animal cognitive abilities, suggesting an evolutionary basis for many forms of cognition, including memory. For instance, past research found that two chimpanzees exhibited an isolation effect, or improved memory for semantically distinctive items on a list (Beran, 2011). These results support the notion that chimpanzees are capable of semantic, relational processing in memory, and introduce the possibility that other effects observed in humans, such as distinctiveness effects or false memories, may be present in nonhuman species. The Deese-Roediger-McDermott (DRM) paradigm is a commonly used task to explore these phenomena, and it was adapted for use with chimpanzees. We tested four chimpanzees for isolation effects during encoding, distinctiveness effects during recognition, and potential “false memories” generated by the DRM paradigm by presenting a serial recognition memory task. The isolation effect previously reported (Beran, 2011) was not replicated in this experiment. Two of four chimpanzees showed improved recognition performance when information about distinctiveness could be used to exclude incorrect responses. None of the chimpanzees were significantly impaired in the “false memory” condition. However, limitations to this approach are discussed that require caution about assuming identical memory processes in these chimpanzees and in humans.

Topic: Child and Animal Learning Development
Subfield: Developmental and Educational Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
The effect of Aloe ferox Mill. in the treatment of

Background: Constipation is the most common gastrointestinal complaint all over the world and it is a risk factor of colorectal cancer. In this study, the efficacy of aqueous leaf extract of Aloe ferox Mill. was studied against loperamide-induced constipation in Wistar rats. Methods: Constipation was induced by oral administration of loperamide (3 mg/kg body weight) while the control rats received normal saline. The constipated rats were treated with 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg body weight/ day of the extract for 7 days during which the feeding characteristics, body weight, fecal properties and gastrointestinal transit ratio were monitored. Results: The extract improved intestinal motility, increased fecal volume and normalized body weight in the constipated rats, which are indications of laxative property of the herb with the 200 mg/kg body weight of the extract showing the best efficacy. Conclusion: The effect of the extract compares favourably well with senokot, a standard laxative drug. These findings have therefore, lent scientific credence to the folkloric use of the herb as a laxative agent by the people of the Eastern Cape of South Africa.

Topic: Gastrointestinal motility and disorders
Subfield: Gastroenterology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
The postcranial skeleton, phylogenetic position, and probable lifestyle of the Early Triassic reptile <i>Procolophon trigoniceps</i>

A morphological study of the postcranial skeleton of Procolophon trigoniceps from the Lower Triassic of South Africa and Antarctica is undertaken. Procolophon shares a sister-group relationship with the procolophonid Tichvinskia from the Lower Triassic of Russia and is a basal member of Procolophonidae. This clade also includes the enigmatic taxon Sclerosaurus, believed most recently to be a pareiasaur relative. Owenettids form a separate lineage from Procolophonidae and are predominantly restricted to the Permian of both South Africa and Madagascar. A phylogenetically based assessment is considered, in which specialized modern taxa (sand lizards) are compared to their nonfossorial sister clade, allowing for "key innovations" to be identified. A similar comparison between owenettids and procolophonids reveals a number of apparent "key innovations" within procolophonids that are suggestive of a burrowing lifestyle for Procolophon.

Topic: Amphibian and Reptile Biology
Subfield: Global and Planetary Change
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Methanol Poisoning-Reply

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> Dr. Wenger's observations on an outbreak of diarrhea in infants that was thought, but not proved, to be complicated by methanol poisoning, are of interest from the dual standpoints of the effects of peritoneal dialysis on severe diarrhea of infancy as well as of its role in methanol poisoning. Metabolic acidosis, coma, and acute renal failure are not uncommon sequelae of severe diarrhea of infancy. In such cases, peritoneal dialysis easily corrects the acidosis. If the infant is very dehydrated, the osmotic gradient between serum and dialysate will favor a shift of water from the dialysate to the systemic circulation. In addition, the glucose in the dialysate is a source of nutrition for the infant. Lastly, the efficiency of peritoneal dialysis is greater in infants than in adults because of the greater ratio of peritoneal surface area to body surface in infants. With respect to methanol poisoning in

Topic: Renal function and acid-base balance
Subfield: Nephrology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
The X-ray to infrared energy distribution of the quasar PG 0026+129

view Abstract Citations (9) References (25) Co-Reads Similar Papers Volume Content Graphics Metrics Export Citation NASA/ADS The X-Ray to Infrared Energy Distribution of the Quasar PG 0026+129 Treves, A. ; Bouchet, P. ; Chiappetti, L. ; Ciapi, A. ; Falomo, R. ; Maraschi, L. ; Tanzi, E. G. Abstract PG 0026+129 was observed with EXOSAT in 1983 and 1984. No variation between the two epochs was detected. The energy distribution from 0.2 to 6 keV is well fitted by a power law of energy index α = 1.06 +/- 0.25 and with Galactic absorption. Quasi-simultaneous spectrophotometry in the UV and optical range, together with near-infrared photometry was obtained. The results are compared with previous observations. The overall energy distribution and its variability are briefly discussed. Publication: The Astrophysical Journal Pub Date: July 1988 DOI: 10.1086/166464 Bibcode: 1988ApJ...330..178T Keywords: Energy Distribution; Infrared Sources (Astronomy); Optical Emission Spectroscopy; Quasars; Stellar Spectrophotometry; X Ray Sources; Active Galactic Nuclei; Energy Bands; Exosat Satellite; Heao 2; Astrophysics; QUASARS; SPECTROPHOTOMETRY; X-RAYS: SOURCES full text sources ADS | data products SIMBAD (2) NED (2) MAST (1) INES (1)

Topic: Astrophysical Phenomena and Observations
Subfield: Astronomy and Astrophysics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences