jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Remaking<i>The Making</i>: E.P. Thompson’s Reception in Argentina and the Shaping of Labor Historiography

Abstract This article traces the reception of E.P. Thompson’s work in Argentina over the past three decades. It explores the context in which Thompson was read by labor historians as a means to analyse the way in which the country’s labor historiography was shaped over this period. It argues that, in the 1980s and the 1990s, against a context characterized by a crisis of the political left and a downturn in the labor movement, Thompson’s appropriation was focused on his critique of Marxist “determinism”. While this corresponded to similar developments in other countries, Argentinian labor historiography started to show a different path in the early 2000s, when a tremendous social, political, and economic crisis shook the country. The article concludes that recent developments in labor historiography in Argentina show a different pattern to those seen in the “Global North”.

Topic: Labor Movements and Unions
Subfield: Public Administration
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Effects of Proteins on the Reactivity of Various Phenolic Compounds with the Folin-Ciocalteu Reagent

본 연구는 기능성 소재 등의 페놀성 성분 함량 분석에 널리 이용되는 Folin-Denis 정량반응에서 단백질이 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. BSA와 SMP는 Folin-Denis 페놀정량반응에서 농도의존적인 발색반응을 나타내었고 BSA가 SMP보다 더 민감한 반응성을 나타내었다. 그러나 BSA는 각종 페놀성 물질과 같이 존재할 경우 페놀성 물질 자체에 의한 발색도 이하로 반응성을 감소시켰으며, 0.25보다 0.5 mg/mL의 BSA 농도에서 더 저하된 발색도를 유도하였다. BSA에 의한 서로 다른 페놀성 물질 간의 반응성 차이는 크게 나타나지 않았으나, SiA, Ctc, 및 EGCG 등에서 물질 당량 당 흡광도 증가의 기울기가 비교적 크게 감소하였다. 이들은 BSA가 없을 때에 비해 0.25와 0.5 mg/mL BSA 존재 시 각각 80%대 및 70%대의 기울기 감소율을 나타내었다. 한편, 페놀성 화합물들의 산화를 유도하여 F-C시약과 반응시킨 결과, TA, GA 및 EGCG에서 반응성의 감소가 크게 나타났으며, BSA 존재 시 이들 산화물의 상대적 발색도는 산화시간의 증가 및 BSA 농도 증가에 따라 감소하는 경향을 나타내었다. BSA의 형광강도가 TA, EGCG에 의해 유의적으로 감소하는 것으로 보아, BSA에 의한 페놀성 물질의 F-C시약과의 반응성 감소는 페놀성 물질과 BSA의 결합특성에 의한 것으로 사료된다. 이상의 결과는 단백질이 페놀성 물질과의 상호작용을 통해 이들의 정량에 간섭할 뿐만 아니라 페놀성 물질의 다양한 생리활성에도 영향을 미칠 수 있다는 것으로 시사하며, 보다 정확한 기작검토를 위하여 관련 연구가 지속적으로 수행 되어야 할 것으로 보인다. The Folin-Denis assay using the Folin-Ciocalteu (F-C) reagent has been commonly used for analyzing the total phenolic compound content in various food products. In the present study, the effects of proteins on the reactivity of the F-C reagent with different phenolic compounds were investigated. Bovine serum albumin (BSA) or skim milk proteins showed a concentration-dependent increase in color response in the Folin-Denis assay; these proteins decreased the color response of most phenolic compounds tested. The reactivity of phenolic compounds was significantly less pronounced in the presence of BSA and this interference was greater at higher concentrations of phenolic compounds. The reactivity of phenolic compounds with the F-C reagent was reduced significantly by their oxidation; the reaction of the oxidized products with the F-C reagent was more severely affected by BSA. The interfering effects in the Folin-Denis assay might be attributable to binding interactions of phenolic compounds with proteins.

Topic: Phytochemicals and Antioxidant Activities
Subfield: Biochemistry
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
I kappa B-alpha-mediated inhibition of nuclear transport and DNA-binding by Rel proteins are separable functions: phosphorylation of C-terminal serine residues of I kappa B-alpha is specifically required for inhibition of DNA-binding.

I kappa B-alpha inhibits both DNA-binding and nuclear translocation of dimeric Rel complexes that contain either the RelA or c-Rel proteins. These inhibitory functions of I kappa B-alpha proteins are regulated by both constitutive and inducible phosphorylation. We have mapped the constitutive phosphorylation sites of p40, the avian I kappa B-alpha protein, to a C-terminal acidic serine-rich region that contains four serine residues. Deletions or point mutations that significantly alter the overall negatively charged character of this region abolish association of p40 with Rel proteins in vitro. Serine-to-alanine amino acid substitutions in this region modulate the association of p40 with Rel proteins in vitro and abolish p40-mediated inhibition of DNA-binding by c-Rel. Substitution of aspartic acid residues for the phosphorylated serine residues has no effect on p40-mediated inhibition of DNA-binding. In contrast, the C-terminal acidic serine-rich region is not required for p40-mediated inhibition of nuclear translocation of Rel proteins. Our results demonstrate that p40-mediated inhibition of nuclear translocation and inhibition of DNA-binding by Rel proteins are separable functions. Our results suggest that the phosphorylation status of C-terminal serine residues of I kappa B-alpha proteins will be an important aspect of the autoregulatory feedback loop that enforces temporal control of Rel-regulated gene expression.

Topic: Nuclear Structure and Function
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Accidental exposure to <i>Brucella abortus</i> vaccines and occupational brucellosis among veterinarians in Minas Gerais state, Brazil

Brucellosis is an important occupational disease, mainly among veterinarians, because of their frequent contact with sick animals, contaminated secretions and live attenuated anti-Brucella vaccines. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of accidental exposure to S19 and RB51 vaccine strains and occupational brucellosis among veterinarians registered to administer vaccinations in Minas Gerais, Brazil, as well as to identify the risk factors associated with accidental exposure to anti-Brucella abortus vaccines. Data were collected through an online questionnaire. Three hundred and twenty-nine veterinarians were included in the analyses using stratified random sampling. A multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the predictors of accidental exposure to S19 and RB51 strains. Nearly one third of the veterinarians registered to administer bovine brucellosis vaccination in Minas Gerais, 32.83% (108/329) (95% confidence interval [CI]: 27.78-38.19%), reported having been accidentally exposed to S19 or RB51 vaccine strains. The exposure factors associated with this outcome included a score of personnel protective equipment (PPE) use during work (odds ratio [OR], 0.94; 95% CI: 0.89-0.98) and a score of knowledge about brucellosis symptoms, classified as poor (base category), intermediate (OR, 0.26; 95% CI: 0.07-0.87) or good (OR, 0.22; 95% CI: 0.07-0.62). In addition, 4.56% (15/329) (95% CI: 2.57-7.41%) of veterinarians reported that they had brucellosis, of which 46.67% (7/15) considered that the disease was due to accidental exposure to anti-B. abortus live attenuated vaccine. The prevalence of accidental exposure to B. abortus vaccine strains among veterinarians from Minas Gerais enrolled in the control of bovine brucellosis was high. The reduced knowledge about human brucellosis symptoms and lack of appropriate PPE use were risk factors from unintentional contact with S19 and RB51 vaccine strains.

Topic: Brucella: diagnosis, epidemiology, treatment
Subfield: Small Animals
Field: Veterinary
Domain: Health Sciences
DNA Barcoding and Taxonomic Challenges in Describing New Putative Species: Examples from Sootywing and Cloudywing Butterflies (Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae)

DNA barcoding has resulted in the ‘discovery’ of a vast number of new species and subspecies. Assigning formal scientific names to these taxa remains a major challenge. Names sometimes are newly designated. Alternatively, available valid names can be resurrected from synonymy, based on barcode analyses together with classical taxonomic characters. For the most part, however, new putative species revealed by barcoding studies go undescribed. This situation is most often attributed to insufficient taxonomic expertise with the authors conducting the study, together with a critical lack of formally trained taxonomists. However, even with formal training, and additional supportive data from morphological, ecological or life history characters, other factors can arise that impede new species descriptions. In the present paper, several specific taxonomic challenges that have arisen from barcode analyses in two groups of skipper butterflies (Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae), the Sootywings (Pholisora catullus and P. mejicanus) and the Coyote Cloudywing (Achalarus toxeus) are highlighted and discussed. Both P. catullus and A. toxeus show relatively large intraspecific genetic divergences of barcodes (2–3%) which suggests the possibility of previously unrecognized cryptic speciation within each group. Some of the challenges to providing formal names and clarifying taxonomic status of these cryptic taxa could be largely overcome by (1) barcoding type specimens, (2) clarifying imprecise and often vague or suspect type localities, and (3) by conducting in-depth comparative studies on genitalic morphology.

Topic: Lepidoptera: Biology and Taxonomy
Subfield: Genetics
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Ca(2+)-transport across brush border and basal surfaces of human term [correction of terms] placenta.

Brush border microvillous (BBM) and basal cell membranes (BCM) were isolated from syncytiotrophoblast of human term placenta by homogenization, sonication, prolonged stirring and differential centrifugation. Uptake of 45Ca(2+)-CaCl2 in membrane vesicles in morpholino propane sulphonic acid (MOPS) buffer was studied up to 60 min. Maximum uptake of the radioisotope was recorded at 10 and 15 min of incubation of the BBM and BCM, respectively. Radioisotopic uptake was also dependent on the Ca(2+)-concentration, linear up to 3 mu mole and then assuming hyperbolic substrate saturation kinetics. The Lineweaver-Burk transformation of the data gave Kt value for BBM and BCM, 0.85 and 1.08 microM, respectively while the Vmax of uptake (Jmax) in the same were 105.26 and 188.68 pmole Ca2+/microgram protein/20 min. Ca(2+)-Uptake in placental BBM and BCM vesicles was inhibited by two Ca(2+)-channel blockers, nifedipine and verapamil to as much as 50% while Ca(2+)-ionophore A23187 enhanced the uptake process significantly.

Topic: Neonatal Respiratory Health Research
Subfield: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Some Observations on Tests for Intergranular Susceptibility of 18-8 Mo Stainless Steels

It is the intentions of the authors of this paper to focus attention on the tests used to determine the susceptibility to intergranular attack of stainless alloys. It is pointed out that a large number of variables exist in the present testing practice and that a standard practice should be inaugurated. Using an acidified copper sulfate solution, a series of tests was made on type 316 heats to determine the effects of the stabilizing heat-treatment temperature (1550 and 1650 F.), stabilizing heat-treatment time and the cooling rate after the stabilizing heat treatment. It is shown that the cooling rate after stabilizing is important since it can effect sensitization of the alloy. Another series of tests was made to study the effects of sensitizing type 316 heats at 800 and 900 F. for 500 hr. after the stabilizing heat treatment. In these tests the regular type 316 alloys failed. However most of the low-carbon (0.03 per cent carbon maximum) type 316 heats sustained the sensitizing treatment at 800 and 900 F. for 500 hr. and exhibited immunity to intergranular attack. Some tests were made on type 316 Cb2 in order that some comparison could be made with the low-carbon type 316. In another series of tests, specimens of low-carbon type 316 and type 316 Cb were sensitized at 900 and 1020 F. for times up to 1000 hr. The results of these tests show that the low-carbon type 316 alloy will sensitize at the low temperature if held for a sufficient length of time.

Topic: Fatigue and fracture mechanics
Subfield: Mechanics of Materials
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
DO we need a Culture Change to Win Everyone’s Heart &amp; Mind

Manuscript During the last few years, it was realized that people get hurt because of their unsafe behaviors or improper attitudes and as attitudes are difficult to change and difficult to measure, behavior was our target to proffer the solution which is mainly to identify unsafe behaviour that leads to accidents and modify it or equally spot good behaviour and enforce it. Therefore and in order to reduce accidents and improve safety performance, introducing an advanced behavioral safety audit program (BSA) on behavioral approach as a technique of working upstream of accident was introduced in Abu Dhabi Marine Operating Company (ADMA-OPCO). Behavioral Safety Audit (BSA) program has two fundamental principles, it focuses on behavior rather than attitude and it stresses encouragement rather than punishment. The implementation of this program had a huge impact by encouraging a safe HSE culture. BSA“focuses on what people do, analyzes why they do it, and then applies a strategy to improve what people do”. To be successful the program must include all employees from the Chief Eexecutive Officer to the technical staff. To achieve changes in behavior a change in policy, procedures and/or systems most assuredly will also need some change. Those changes cannot be done without buy-in and support from all involved in making those decisions.

Topic: Occupational Health and Safety Research
Subfield: Radiological and Ultrasound Technology
Field: Health Professions
Domain: Health Sciences
Fonofos residues in an organic soil and vegetable crops following treatment of the soil with the insecticide

Abstract Fonofos ( O‐ ethyl S ‐phenyl ethylphosphonodithioate) was applied to an organic soil as band treatment at the rates of 1.12 and 2.24 kg/ha. The persistence of the insecticide and its translocation into onions and two rotation crops (lettuces and carrots) was studied under field conditions. Proportionally more residues persisted in the soil from the higher rate of application. In autumn, 4 months after soil treatment, about 40‐48 % of the initially recovered levels of fonofos remained in soil. However, the amount of fonofos present at the harvest time, during the second growing season was only 16–26% of the insecticide concentration found in spring. Onions harvested 4 months after application of fonofos had no detectable residue (&gt; 0.005 mg/kg) whereas lettuces and carrots grown in the following year contained fonofos in various amounts. At the lower rate of application the insecticide residues in lettuces and carrots were &lt; 0.005 and 0.025 mg/kg, respectively, and those from the higher application rate were 0.012 and 0.036 mg/kg. About 72–80% of the residue could be removed by peeling the carrots. No residue of the oxygen analogue, O ‐ethyl S ‐phenyl ethylphos‐phonothioate (I) was detected in any soil or crop samples.

Topic: Pesticide and Herbicide Environmental Studies
Subfield: Pollution
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
The effects of loading and unloading treadmill walking on balance, gait, fall risk, and daily function in Parkinsonism

Our study aims were: 1) to determine whether assisted weight bearing or additional weight bearing is more beneficial to the improvement of function and increased stability in gait and dynamic balance in patients with Parkinsonism, compared with matched controls (treadmill alone). Twenty-three men and women participants (M +/- SD = 74.5 +/- 9.7 yrs; Males = 19, Females = 4) with Parkinsonism were in the study. Participants staged at 1-7 (M +/- SD = 3.96 +/- 1.07) using the Hoehn & Yahr scale. All participants were tested before, after the intervention (within one week), and four weeks later on: 1) dynamic posturography, 2) Berg Balance scale, 3) United Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS), 4) biomechanical assessment of strength and range of motion, and 5) Gaitrite force sensitive gait mat. Group 1 (treadmill control group), received treadmill training with no loading or unloading. Group 2 (unweighted group), walked on the treadmill assisted by the Biodex Unweighing System at a 25% body weight reduction. Group 3 (weighted group), ambulated wearing a weighted scuba-diving belt, which increased their normal body weight by 5%. All subjects walked on the treadmill for 20 minutes per day for 3 days per week for 6 weeks. Improvements in dynamic posturography, falls during balance testing, Berg Balance, UPDRS (Motor Exam), and gait for all groups lead us to believe that neuromuscular regulation can be facilitated in all Parkinson's individuals no matter what treadmill intervention is employed.

Topic: Cerebral Palsy and Movement Disorders
Subfield: Psychiatry and Mental health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Mexican Icarus: Modernity, National Identity, and Aviation Development in Mexico, 1928-1958

In the decades following the Revolution, government officials and industrialists attempted to strike a balance between preserving a unique national identity and asserting Mexico's place in global affairs as a competitive, modern nation. Veneration of the aviators' bravery and technological mastery cut across political and cultural boundaries, setting standards for the model citizen of a modern world. The symbolic figure of the pilot proved an adept vessel for disseminating the values championed by the country's ruling party. Aviators validated the technological determinism that underpinned the government's development philosophy to domestic audiences, while projecting an image of strength abroad. This study explores the spectacle of aviation in cultural events including film, airshows, goodwill flights, and state-sponsored funerals, connecting the history of aviation to often-conflicting discourses of Revolutionary nationalism and modern cosmopolitanism that were espoused by both national and regional elites.

Topic: Photographic and Visual Arts
Subfield: Museology
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Biofunctional nanogold microsphere doped with Prussian blue nanoparticles for sensitive electrochemical immunoassay of cancer marker

A novel signal-amplified strategy for sensitive electrochemical immunoassay of cancer marker was developed by using Prussian blue nanoparticles-doped nanogold microsphere as the promoter.

Topic: Advanced biosensing and bioanalysis techniques
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
From Classroom to Community: An Assessment and Potential Implications of an Undergraduate Civic Engagement Research and Learning Program

Civic education in undergraduate institutions is of vital importance to the civic health of society, but faculty often find it difficult to incorporate civic components into existing courses and lack the resources to incorporate civic outreach into their curriculum. As a result, research has shown that time spend on civic engagement is limited. Additionally, civic engagement is rarely discussed, much less encouraged, outside of political science or other social science classes. In this article, we assess the outcomes of a unique co-curricular civic engagement research and learning program in which undergraduate students are required to work with an external partner, usually a municipal agency or nonprofit, to complete an independent research project. Using quantitative and qualitative student evaluations, we find that students had an overwhelmingly positive experience with the program. They especially appreciated the opportunity to work on "real world" issues in an interdisciplinary setting. They also expressed a desire for a longer program that extended beyond a single semester. We discuss the potential implications of these findings.

Topic: Service-Learning and Community Engagement
Subfield: Education
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Does the method of administering fluids matter for contrast‐induced nephropathy? REMEDIAL III compares LVEDP versus urine flow‐guided hydration

Key Points Contrast‐induced nephropathy (CIN) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality among patients undergoing angiographic procedures. Limiting contrast dose and administration of intravenous normal saline appear to be the best approaches to reducing CIN, but the timing, dose, and duration of optimal hydration is poorly understood. The REMEDIAL III trial protocol outlines two different targeted hydration regimens (guided either by continuous measurement of urine output or by initial left ventricular end diastolic pressure (LVEDP), and 700 patients at high risk of CIN will be randomized.

Topic: Acute Kidney Injury Research
Subfield: Nephrology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Application of Escher-like Tiling Design to Confectionery Shape Design

Tiling is an act of covering the plane with one or very few types of figures without any overlaps and gaps. A hierarchical optimization method has been proposed to automatically design a tileable figure. Taking advantage of the flexibility of designing objective function and constraints of the hierarchical optimization method, this paper applies the hierarchical optimization method to confectionery shape design, i.e., designing cutting dies and baking molds for cookies, chocolates etc. that have a tileable shape. Introducing a new constraint prevents designing narrow and fragile parts of an output tileable figure. Experimental results show that the proposed method generated tileable shapes while preventing narrow and fragile parts.

Topic: Color perception and design
Subfield: Social Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Sugars and Sugar Products

Journal Article Sugars and Sugar Products Get access Margaret A Clarke Margaret A Clarke Sugar Processing Research, Inc., Southern Regional Research Center, PO Box 19687, New Orleans, LA 70179 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Volume 69, Issue 2, 1 March 1986, Pages 258–259, https://doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/69.2.258a Published: 15 February 2020

Topic: Sugarcane Cultivation and Processing
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
RATE CHANGES AFTER UNSCHEDULED OMISSION AND PRESENTATION OF REINFORCEMENT

Changes in response rate similar to frustration effects were studied in a two‐lever situation. Responding on one lever on a fixed‐interval schedule produced access to water for 5 sec and an exteroceptive stimulus. In the presence of this stimulus, responding on another lever on a fixed‐interval schedule produced access to water for 5 sec and terminated the stimulus. Occasional omission of a previously scheduled reinforcer after responding on the first lever resulted consistently in increases in rate on the second lever during the immediately succeeding interval. In another procedure, occasional presentation of a previously unscheduled reinforcer after responding on the first lever resulted consistently in decreases in rate on the second lever during the immediately succeeding interval. Changes occurred after the first omissions or presentations and were about the same in magnitude as the procedure continued over several sessions. Typically, an increase or decrease in rate was maintained throughout an entire 100‐sec interval. Changes in rate on the second lever of approximately the same magnitude also occurred when rate on the first lever was near‐zero under a schedule that differentially reinforced behavior other than lever pressing.

Topic: Behavioral and Psychological Studies
Subfield: Developmental and Educational Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences