jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
3-D Movement of Flame Fronts in a Propane-Air Turbulent Premixed Flame (Part I, Flame-Front Movement on the Centerline)

3-D movement of flame fronts in propane-air turbulent premixed Bunsen flames have been examined by a four-element electrostatic probe. Measurements were conducted at three different positions in a turbulent flame brush, one position on the centerline and two positions off axis. The probability distributions of the magnitude and of the direction cosines nj of the velocity vector of the flame-front propagation are examined. This paper reports results obtained on the centerline of the burner. Velocity vectors of the flame fronts are distributed symmetrically around the burner axis independent of whether the flame front passes the measuring position in the unburnt-to-burnt or burnt-to-unburnt direction. The direction cosine n3 in the z (vertical) direction peaks strongly near unity. The most probable value of other two cosines, n1 and n2, these in the x and y (horizontal) directions, is zero. The magnitude of the velocity vector of the flame front on the average is maximum when n1, n2 and n3 are 0, 0 and 1, respectively.

Topic: Combustion and flame dynamics
Subfield: Computational Mechanics
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
ChemInform Abstract: Cluster Complexes of Tridentate Sulfate and (Hydrogen) Phosphate.

Abstract Treatment of the solid Cluster (I) with 98% H 2 SO 4 leads to the formation of the title complex (II) which is characterized by elemental analysis, spectroscopic methods (MS, IR, 1 H NMR), and by X‐ray structure analysis (space group C2/c, Z=8).

Topic: Chemical Synthesis and Characterization
Subfield: Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Fig. 1 in Changing blow fly (Diptera: Calliphoridae) populations in Orlando, Florida, United States

Fig. 1. Summary of species and numbers of blow fly collected in 2009 (by aerial netting) and 2010 (by Bishopp cone trap). Only 5 species of calliphorids were recovered: Chrysomya rufifacies, Chrysomya megacephala, Cochliomyia macellaria, Lucilia coeruleiviridis, and Lucilia sericata.

Topic: Gut microbiota and health
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Sympathy for Soprano

The marriage of The Untouchables with the sit-com, of violent action with the soap-opera, and pornography with domesticity, The Sopranos seems to be a strange brew, appealing to high-end critics and popular audiences alike. Perhaps the strangest of these is what we might call “sympathy for Soprano” – that is, the pro-attitude that most viewers, including the most law-abiding, bear toward the central figure of the show, the mobster-boss, Tony Soprano. It's an instance of a broader paradox that is sometimes called “sympathy for the devil.” Sympathy for the Soprano in the fiction is compatible with antipathy for an actual gangster with all the same intrinsic properties. On the positive side of the ledger, it may be argued that the sympathy we have for Soprano contributes to the very salutary moral message that the series promotes.

Topic: Law in Society and Culture
Subfield: Law
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Hybridising plasma functionalized water and ultrasound pretreatment for enzymatic protein hydrolysis of Larimichthys polyactis: Parametric screening and optimization

Hybridising plasma functionalized water and ultrasound pretreatment for the enzymatic hydrolysis (HPUEH) of Larimichthys polyactis was evaluated by adopting Plackett-Burman design for parametric screening of six key variables, and Box-Behnken design for optimizing three most significant variables including plasma generating voltage (PV), ultrasound treatment time (UT), and enzyme concentration (EC). The models developed for predicting the degree of hydrolysis (DoH), protein recovery (PVY), and soluble protein content (SPC) were sufficiently fitted to the experimental data (R2 ≥ 0.966) with non-significant lack of fit and used for determining the optimum conditions as PV of 70 V, UT of 15 min, and EC of 1.787%, with predictive values of 27.74%, 85.62%, and 3.28 mg/mL for DoH, PVY, and SPC, respectively. HPUEH presented hydrolysates with smaller peptide sizes and molecular weights, enhanced DoH, PVY, SPC, amino acids and antioxidant activity, but reduced emulsifying and foaming properties when compared with conventional enzymatic hydrolysis.

Topic: Protein Hydrolysis and Bioactive Peptides
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Attracting talent from Indian B-schools through employer branding: a mediation model

Campus recruiting is strategically important for attracting talent in a competitive market. This paper develops a mediating model to explore the role employer brand image and social networks play in this talent acquisition process. Analysis of data from 124 students of premier business schools in India suggests that the relationship between media presence/publicity and application intentions is mediated by employer brand image. In particular, publicity/media presence is significantly and positively related to application intentions through the two dimensions of employer brand image (perceived job attributes and attitudes). In addition, word-of-mouth endorsements mediate the relationship between publicity and employer brand. To attract the best talent, organisations should work towards increasing their visibility in the media as it helps build the employer brand image due to the influence of social networks.

Topic: Employer Branding and e-HRM
Subfield: Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management
Field: Business, Management and Accounting
Domain: Social Sciences
Subacute Cardiotoxicity\nof Yessotoxin: &lt;i&gt;In\nVitro&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;in Vivo&lt;/i&gt; Studies

Yessotoxin (YTX) is a marine phycotoxin\nproduced by dinoflagellates\nand accumulated in filter feeding shellfish. Although no human intoxication\nepisodes have been reported, YTX content in shellfish is regulated\nby many food safety authorities due to their worldwide distribution.\nYTXs have been related to ultrastructural heart damage &lt;i&gt;in\nvivo&lt;/i&gt;, but the functional consequences in the long term have\nnot been evaluated. In this study, we explored the accumulative cardiotoxic\npotential of YTX &lt;i&gt;in vitro&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;in vivo&lt;/i&gt;. Preliminary &lt;i&gt;in vitro&lt;/i&gt; evaluation of cardiotoxicity\nwas based on the effect on hERG (human ether-a-go-go related gene)\nchannel trafficking. &lt;i&gt;In vivo&lt;/i&gt; experiments were performed\nin rats that received repeated administrations of YTX followed by\nrecordings of electrocardiograms, arterial blood pressure, plasmatic\ncardiac biomarkers, and analysis of myocardium structure and ultrastructure.\nOur results showed that an exposure to 100 nM YTX for 12 or 24 h caused\nan increase of extracellular surface hERG channels. Furthermore, remarkable\nbradycardia and hypotension, structural heart alterations, and increased\nplasma levels of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1 were observed\nin rats after four intraperitoneal injections of YTX at doses of 50\nor 70 μg/kg that were administered every 4 days along a period\nof 15 days. Therefore, and for the first time, YTX-induced subacute\ncardiotoxicity is supported by evidence of cardiovascular function\nalterations related to its repeated administration. Considering international\ncriteria for marine toxin risk estimation and that the regulatory\nlimit for YTX has been recently raised in many countries, YTX cardiotoxicity\nmight pose a health risk to humans and especially to people with previous\ncardiovascular risk.

Topic: Marine Toxins and Detection Methods
Subfield: Environmental Chemistry
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Anti-laminin and specific antibodies in acute Chagas disease. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 82: 574–576

A striking increase of anti-laminin antibodies con-trasting with low levels of anti-Ttypwsoma cruzi antibodies was detected by enzyme-linked immuno-sorbent assay in sera of 16 patients at the acute phase of Chagas disease. The mean absorbancies using an anti-human IgG conjugate were 6563 and 202 for laminin and T. cru &amp;amp;-antigens, respectively; with anti-IeM coniuaate the titres were 3442 and 207. respe&amp;amp;vely. In-addition, indirect immunofluoresc: ence tests performed with trypomastigotes from blood or cell cultures have shown extremely high titres (up to 1: 10 240), which declined when mouse laminin-absorbed sera were used instead, apparently con-firming the presence of laminin in the surface membrane of the parasites. These results support the view that the high anti&amp;amp;n&amp;amp;in titres found in patients with Chagas disease are induced by the newly described galactosyl-cwl-3-galactose epitope present in T. cruai trypomastigotes and shared by mouse laminin.

Topic: Trypanosoma species research and implications
Subfield: Epidemiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
The Impact of Price Movements on Areas Under Selected Crops in India, 1900-39.

Journal Article The Impact of Price Movements on Areas Under Selected Crops in India, 1900-39 Get access The Impact of Price Movements on Areas under Selected Crops in India, 1900–39. By D. Narain. (London: Cambridge University Press, 1965. Pp. ix + 234. 45s.) A. K. Bagchi A. K. Bagchi Magdalene College, Cambridge Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The Economic Journal, Volume 76, Issue 302, 1 June 1966, Pages 398–400, https://doi.org/10.2307/2229736 Published: 01 June 1966

Topic: Agricultural Economics and Practices
Subfield: General Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Friends as a Source of Informal Support for Older Women with Physical Disabilities

This paper uses data from self-constructed social support networks and friendship-focused life reviews to examine the friendship support situations of a small group of older women with physical disabilities. The focus is on how the women have experienced and responded to the friendship changes that commonly occur in later life. Changes in both the form and content of friendship relationships and also in how form and content intermesh are examined. The general finding is of diverse but active involvement in response to the changes such that friends continue to make important support contributions. In some cases friendship support was found to be playing a major, even crucial, role in personal well-being.

Topic: Health disparities and outcomes
Subfield: Health
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Novel Epigenetic Clock for Fetal Brain Development Predicts Fetal Epigenetic Age for iPSCs and iPSC-Derived Neurons.

<title>Abstract</title> Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) and their differentiated neurons (iPSC-neurons) are a widely used cellular model in the research of the central nervous system. However, it is unknown how well they capture age-associated processes, particularly given that pluripotent cells are only present during the early stages of mammalian development. Epigenetic clocks utilize coordinated age-associated changes in DNA methylation to make predictions that correlate strongly with chronological age, and is has been shown that the induction of pluripotency rejuvenates predicted epigenetic age. As existing clocks are not optimized for the study of brain development, to investigate more precisely the epigenetic age of iPSCs and iPSC-neurons, here, we establish the fetal brain clock (FBC), a bespoke epigenetic clock trained in prenatal neurodevelopmental samples. Our data show that the FBC outperforms other established epigenetic clocks in predicting the age of fetal brain samples. We then applied the FBC to DNA methylation data of cellular datasets that have profiled iPSCs and iPSC-derived neuronal precursor cells and neurons and find that these cell types are characterized by a fetal epigenetic age. Furthermore, while differentiation from iPSCs to neurons significantly increases the epigenetic age, iPSC-neurons are still predicted as having fetal epigenetic age. Together our findings reiterate the need for better understanding of the limitations of existing epigenetic clocks for answering biological research questions and highlight a potential limitation of iPSC-neurons as a cellular model for the research of age-related diseases as they might not fully recapitulate an aged phenotype.

Topic: Epigenetics and DNA Methylation
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Source–sink plasmid transfer dynamics maintain gene mobility in soil bacterial communities

Significance Bacterial adaptation through horizontal gene transfer is central to microbial evolution and, in the context of antibiotic resistance, represents a growing clinical threat. Conjugative plasmids are key mediators of genetic exchange both within and between species. Experimental studies have mostly focused on plasmid population dynamics in single-species populations, but between-species transfer could counteract purifying selection and maintain plasmids in hosts that would otherwise lose them. We show that plasmids can be lost from single-species populations, even when their genes are under selection, because beneficial genes are captured by the chromosome. In contrast, experiments and models show that, in a two-species community, between-species transfer maintains community-wide access to plasmids, promoting the spread of the ecologically and clinically important genes they carry.

Topic: Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria
Subfield: Molecular Medicine
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
KAJIAN PENGEMBANGAN STRATEGI POTENSIAL INDUSTRI TEPUNG TAPIOKA RAKYAT (ITTARA) DI KABUPATEN LAMPUNG TIMUR [A Study of Potential Strategy Development on Small Scale Tapioca Industry (ITTARA) in East Lampung District]

The objective of this research was to find out the weakness and the strength of ITTARA located in East Lampung, as a basis to develop the potential strategy of ITTARA so that it could be sustainable and economically improved. Analysis methods used were the SWOT analysis (strength, weakness, opportunity, and threat) and Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), while the potential strategy concept was adapted from existing ITTARA conditions. The SWOT analysis showed that there was weakness aspect that dominated the strength aspect in internal factor of ITTARA, nevertheles there was opportunity from external factor that could be optimized. These strategies should be developed were diversifying final product, conducting side business of by product, and improving technology use, as well as efficiency of production cost. These business strategy improvements were then analyzed using AHP to choose one strategy by using criteria of market potential, production cost, product added value, technology and competitor. The result showed the most potential to be developed was improving tehcnology use by conducting the two times milling tapioca production. Keywords: AHP, ITTARA, SWOT analysis, two times milling

Topic: Agriculture and Agroindustry Studies
Subfield: General Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
CCDC 1880389: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.

Topic: Crystallization and Solubility Studies
Subfield: Materials Chemistry
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Berlin's defence of value‐pluralism: Clarifications and criticisms

Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image size Notes I would like to thank the following for their comments on earlier drafts of this paper: Anna and Robin Cutler, Robert Eccleshall, Vincent Geoghegan, Richard Noble and Shane O'Neill.

Topic: Critical Theory and Philosophy
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
DNA Repair Gene Polymorphisms in Relation to Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Survival

Background: Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the DNA repair genes are suspected to be related to the survival of lung cancer patients due to their possible influence on DNA repair capacity (DRC). However, the study results are inconsistent. Methods: A follow-up study of 610 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients was conducted to investigate genetic polymorphisms associated with the DNA repair genes in relation to NSCLC survival; 6 SNPs were genotyped, including XRCC1 (rs25487 G&gt;A), hOGG1 (rs1052133 C&gt;G), MUTYH (rs3219489 G&gt;C), XPA (rs1800975 G&gt;A), ERCC2 (rs1799793 G&gt;A) and XRCC3 (rs861539 C&gt;T). Kaplan-Meier survival curve and Cox proportional hazards regression analyses were performed. SNP-SNP interaction was also examined using the survival tree analysis. Results: Advanced disease stage and older age at diagnosis were associated with poor prognosis of NSCLC. Patients with the variant ‘G' allele of hOGG1 rs1052133 had poor overall survival compared with those with the homozygous wild ‘CC' genotype, especially in female patients, adenocarcinoma histology, early stage, light smokers and without family history of cancer. For never smoking female lung cancer patients, individuals carrying homozygous variant ‘AA' genotype of XPA had shorter survival time compared to those with wild ‘G' alleles. Furthermore, females carrying homozygous variant XPA and hOGG1 genotypes simultaneously had 2.78-fold increased risk for death. Among all 6 polymorphisms, the homozygous variant ‘AA' of XPA carriers had poor prognosis compared to the carriers of wild ‘G' alleles of XPA together with other base excision repair (BER) polymorphisms. Conclusions: Besides disease stage and age, the study found DNA repair gene polymorphisms were associated with lung cancer survival.

Topic: Genetic factors in colorectal cancer
Subfield: Pathology and Forensic Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Learning compact recurrent neural networks

Recurrent neural networks (RNNs), including long short-term memory (LSTM) RNNs, have produced state-of-the-art results on a variety of speech recognition tasks. However, these models are often too large in size for deployment on mobile devices with memory and latency constraints. In this work, we study mechanisms for learning compact RNNs and LSTMs via low-rank factorizations and parameter sharing schemes. Our goal is to investigate redundancies in recurrent architectures where compression can be admitted without losing performance. A hybrid strategy of using structured matrices in the bottom layers and shared low-rank factors on the top layers is found to be particularly effective, reducing the parameters of a standard LSTM by 75%, at a small cost of 0.3% increase in WER, on a 2,000-hr English Voice Search task.

Topic: Speech Recognition and Synthesis
Subfield: Artificial Intelligence
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
[Physical performance capacity, metabolism and hormonal behavior as affected by diltiazem].

After giving their informed consent, 16 healthy male physical education students received daily dose of 3 X 60 mg diltiazem or placebo respectively in a double-blind cross-over experimental set-up for consecutive test phases of 3 weeks each. The behaviour of physical performance capacity, metabolism and hormones under diltiazem was investigated during incremental performance tests and during continuous endurance tests on the treadmill. Maximum performance capacity and maximum oxygen uptake as well as endurance capacity remained uninfluenced. Under maximum as well as under lower work loads heart rates were reduced by 3-10 beats/min. Carbohydrate and lipid metabolism including the lipoproteins as well as HGH, cortisol and insulin showed the same behaviour under diltiazem and placebo. Adrenaline and noradrenaline in blood plasma also remained uninfluenced. An impairment of physical performance capacity under diltiazem is not to be expected. This finding is of major importance for persons treated with diltiazem who engage in sport.

Topic: Pharmacological Effects and Assays
Subfield: Animal Science and Zoology
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Abstract LB-293: Perfluorocarbon labeling of human α-type-1-polarized dendritic cells and conventional dendritic cells for in vivo trafficking by fluorine MRI

Abstract Human dendritic cells (DC) have yet to live up to their clinical promise as an immunotherapeutic intervention against cancer, in spite of their in vitro profiles of their ability to effectively prime tumor-specific T cell responses. It is still unclear which is the best route of administration for the most efficient interaction of DC with tumor-specific T cells in patients, and whether the migratory capacity and localization of DC in patients correlates with clinical responsiveness. Here we utilize a perfluorocarbon (PFC) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) tracer agent which may enable the assessment of the migration and localization of α-type-1-polarized dendritic cells (αDC1) in the clinic. αDC1 producing high levels of interleukin-12p70 with putative strong lymph node homing capabilities, are currently being evaluated clinically for anti-cancer activity. In vivo results demonstrate the capability of 19F MRI to detect and quantify labeled cells with moderate sensitivity, detecting fewer than 1×104 cells per voxel. The lack of endogenous fluorine in the body allows highly-specific 19F MR detection of label and when paired with proton MRI provides clear and quantitative cell localization within their anatomical context. The inertness of this tracking agent on the functional capacity of DC was examined in a panel of in vitro studies. The use of the MRI tracer with both conventional DC and αDC1 indicated similar labeling efficiencies with no observed effect on the DC's ability to stimulate T cell expansion, produce IL-12p70, process antigen or express co-stimulatory and polarizing factors. These data support the clinical translation of this tracer agent to safely track and quantify the administration and migration of human αDC1 by non-invasive 19F MRI in the treatment of cancer patients. An imminent clinical trial of PFC-labeled αDC1 will provide cell tracking data in patients, facilitating advances in greater efficacy in the next generation of DC-based cellular vaccines. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-293. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-LB-293

Topic: Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
Subfield: Immunology
Field: Immunology and Microbiology
Domain: Life Sciences
Decline of the Missionary Initiative, 1969–72

Abstract By 1975 the American Catholic missionary initiative in Latin America had largely failed, in no small part because of the efforts of Ivan Illich. Only a fraction of the projected 40,000 missionaries ever came to Latin America. Of course, there were other reasons for the initiative’s failure, but Illich and his Cuernavaca center provided the primary intellectual rationale for opposition to the initiative. Of the many progressive Catholics of the 1960s and 1970s, Illich was perhaps the shrewdest. His long-term strategy was surprisingly successful.

Topic: Christian Theology and Mission
Subfield: Religious studies
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences