jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Utilization and Costs of Medical Services Among Gastroesophageal Reflux (GERD) Patients Using ‘Real World’ Data

Purpose: To examine overall and GERD-related medical services utilization and costs among patients diagnosed with non-erosive GERD (NERD), erosive esophagitis (EE) and Barrett's esophagus (BE). Methods: This study applied an observational cohort design to electronic medical records obtained from a fully integrated health delivery system located in the mid-Atlantic region of the U.S. Adult patients with a diagnosis of BE, EE, or NERD between July 1, 2004 and January 25, 2007 and with at least 6 months of encounter data before and 12 months of encounter data following index diagnosis were included in the study. Patients with a BE, EE, or NERD diagnosis or use of a proton-pump inhibitor during the 6-month pre-period were excluded. Outcomes assessed were use of overall and GERD-related medical services (office visits, hospitalizations, emergency room visits, and procedures) and associated costs at 8, 12, 24 and 52 weeks post diagnoses. All costs represent 2008 dollars and reflect those incurred by the health delivery system for providing care. Descriptive statistics were used to compare the three cohorts with NERD as the reference group. Results: 19,696 patients met the study inclusion criteria including 78.6% NERD, 20.0% EE and 1.5% BE patients. The mean ages of NERD, EE and BE cohorts were 52.9 yrs (SD = 17.2), 54.3 yrs (SD = 16.3; P < 0.0001) and 57.7 yrs (SD = 13.8; P < .0001), respectively. Females represented 62.0% of NERD, 61.2% of EE (P= 0.32) and 34.7% of BE (P < 0.0001) patients. Based on the Charlsons' Comorbidity Index, the comoribity burden was NERD = 0.6; EE = 0.6 (P= 0.0131); and BE = 0.8 (P= 0.0004). The mean number of GERD-related office visits at 52 weeks post index diagnosis was 1.5 for NERD, 1.7 for EE (P < 0.0001) and 2.1 for BE (P < 0.0001). At all time points, EE and BE patients had higher GERD-related medical costs than NERD patients (Table 1). The GERD-related medical costs as a % of overall medical costs were also higher for EE (37.5%, 33.1%, 28.8%, 24.8%) and BE cohort (30.7%, 29.4%, 30.0%, 32.7%) as compared to the NERD cohort (31.8%, 27.4%, 23.3%, 20.6%).Table 1: Overall and GERD-related Medical Care CostsConclusion: Although the prevalence of EE and BE is lower than NERD, they demonstrate more intensive use of medical services throughout the study period. The disease-related costs of GERD as a proportion of the overall medical costs are substantial and related to manifestation of the disease.

Topic: Gastroesophageal reflux and treatments
Subfield: Gastroenterology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Cystoderma, Cystodermella and Ripartitella in Atlantic Forest, São Paulo State, Brazil

This paper reports on the genera Cystoderma, Cystodermella and Ripartitella from Atlantic Rainforest, Southeast Brazil. They are represented by Cystoderma chocoanum, Cystodermella contusifolia, C. sipariana and Ripartitella brasiliensis. Cystoderma chocoanum is reported for the first time outside the type locality (Colombia) and its relationship with others species of Cystoderma, based on nLSU rDNA sequences, is discussed.

Topic: Lichen and fungal ecology
Subfield: Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Music Listening Among Postoperative Patients in the Intensive Care Unit: A Randomized Controlled Trial with Mixed-Methods Analysis

Background: Music listening may reduce the physiological, emotional, and mental effects of distress and anxiety. It is unclear whether music listening may reduce the amount of opioids used for pain management in critical care, postoperative patients or whether music may improve patient experience in the intensive care unit (ICU). Methods: A total of 41 surgical patients were randomized to either music listening or controlled non-music listening groups on ICU admission. Approximately 50-minute music listening interventions were offered 4 times per day (every 4-6 hours) during the 48 hours of patients’ ICU stays. Pain, distress, and anxiety scores were measured immediately before and after music listening or controlled resting periods. Total opioid intake was recorded every 24 hours and during each intervention. Results: There was no significant difference in pain, opioid intake, distress, or anxiety scores between the control and music listening groups during the first 4 time points of the study. However, a mixed modeling analysis examining the pre- and post-intervention scores at the first time point revealed a significant interaction in the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) for pain between the music and the control groups ( P = .037). The Numeric Rating Score decreased in the music group but remained stable in the control group. Following discharge from the ICU, the music group’s interviews were analyzed for themes. Conclusions: Despite the limited sample size, this study identified music listening as an appropriate intervention that improved patients’ post-intervention experience, according to patients’ self-report. Future mixed methods studies are needed to examine both qualitative patient perspectives and methodology to improve music listening in critical care units.

Topic: Music Therapy and Health
Subfield: Social Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Maximal Supergravity from IIB Flux Compactifications

Using a recently proposed group-theoretical approach, we explore novel gaugings of maximal supergravity in four dimensions with gauge group embeddings that can be generated by fluxes of IIB string theory. The corresponding potentials are positive without stationary points. Some allow domain wall solutions which can be elevated to ten dimensions. Appropriate truncations describe type-IIB flux compactifications on T^6 orientifolds leading to non-maximal, four-dimensional, supergravities.

Topic: Black Holes and Theoretical Physics
Subfield: Nuclear and High Energy Physics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Mount Hood Earthquake Activity: Volcanic or Tectonic Origins?

We analyze well-constrained earthquakes from the summer 2002 sequence near Mount Hood, recorded by the Pacific Northwest Seismic Network (PNSN), and well-constrained, small earthquakes (MD 3.5) recorded by the PNSN between 1986 and 2002. We apply waveform cross-correlation to selected events, establish a one-dimensional P-wave velocity model, and relocate the entire catalog by using the double-difference algorithm of Waldhauser and Ellsworth (2000). We find that earth-quakes before 2002 occur in four distinct clusters: (A) a well-defined linear feature, striking N15E, about 5 km south of the summit, (B) a linear feature, trending north-west–southeast a few kilometers south of group A, (C) a few tight clusters located about 9 km south-southwest of the summit, and (D) a small cluster beneath the summit. Earthquakes in group D do not appear to lie on a fault and may relate to volcanic activity. However, almost all earthquakes in the 2002 swarm occur in group A, south of the summit, at depths similar to earthquakes from previous swarms. First-motion fault-plane solutions from the mainshock and largest aftershocks have normal mechanisms, and solutions from well-constrained aftershocks have normal to oblique normal mechanisms. This is consistent with the apparent strike of the feature south of Mount Hood’s summit and is similar to focal mechanisms of older earthquakes in group A. b- and p-values for the summer 2002 earthquakes resemble a tectonic mainshock-aftershock sequence. We interpret these earthquakes as the northernmost example of Basin-and-Range seismicity yet recorded and conclude that the Mount Hood earthquakes do not yet suggest potential for volcanic unrest.

Topic: earthquake and tectonic studies
Subfield: Geophysics
Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences
Domain: Physical Sciences
Denoising Noisy Neural Networks: A Bayesian Approach With Compensation

Deep neural networks (DNNs) with noisy weights, which we refer to as noisy neural networks (NoisyNNs), arise from the training and inference of DNNs in the presence of noise. NoisyNNs emerge in many new applications, including the wireless transmission of DNNs, the efficient deployment or storage of DNNs in analog devices, and the truncation or quantization of DNN weights. This paper studies a fundamental problem of NoisyNNs: how to reconstruct the DNN weights from their noisy manifestations. While all prior works relied on the maximum likelihood (ML) estimation, this paper puts forth a denoising approach to reconstruct DNNs with the aim of maximizing the inference accuracy of the reconstructed models. The superiority of our denoiser is rigorously proven in two small-scale problems, wherein we consider a quadratic neural network function and a shallow feedforward neural network, respectively. When applied to advanced learning tasks with modern DNN architectures, our denoiser exhibits significantly better performance than the ML estimator. Consider the average test accuracy of the denoised DNN model versus the weight variance to noise power ratio (WNR) performance. When denoising a noisy ResNet34 model arising from noisy inference, our denoiser outperforms ML estimation by up to 4.1 dB to achieve a test accuracy of 60%.When denoising a noisy ResNet18 model arising from noisy training, our denoiser outperforms ML estimation by 13.4 dB and 8.3 dB to achieve test accuracies of 60% and 80%, respectively.

Topic: Wireless Signal Modulation Classification
Subfield: Artificial Intelligence
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Implicit carbon prices

Climate and fiscal policy interact closely. The former imposes explicit prices for carbon emissions, while the latter affects emissions implicitly. We study the correspondence between explicit and implicit carbon pricing of a Ramsey-optimal fiscal policy in a neoclassical growth model of climate change. Our central result is that any arbitrary sequence of explicit carbon prices can be achieved implicitly through a blend of conventional taxes (e.g., consumption, energy, and income taxes), when lump-sum transfers are available. In a Ramsey setting, policy balances these taxes' traditional revenue-raising role with the Pigouvian role of fixing the climate externality. We characterize the Ramsey and Pigouvian components of optimal tax rates. We show that explicit carbon pricing is implicitly implementable through a mix of conventional taxes also in this framework. We extend these findings to scenarios compatible with net-zero emissions, adding carbon capture technologies and a cap on cumulative emissions.

Topic: Climate Change Policy and Economics
Subfield: Economics and Econometrics
Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance
Domain: Social Sciences
Supplementary Table S4 from Mutant NPM1 Hijacks Transcriptional Hubs to Maintain Pathogenic Gene Programs in Acute Myeloid Leukemia

&lt;p&gt;Supplemenary Table S4 shows the differential expressed genes in 25nM Selinexorvs DMSO treatment at 24hr in OCI-AML3-NPM1c-degron2 cells.&lt;/p&gt;

Topic: Acute Myeloid Leukemia Research
Subfield: Hematology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Morphometric analysis of palatal rugae among Jordanians: further evidence of worldwide palatal rugae individuality

This study investigated the morphology and individuality of palatal rugae among Jordanians. The assessment of palatal rugae was done on 327 dental casts. The palatal rugae within each cast were outlined and then classified according to their length, shape and orientation. The test of individuality was performed on a subset of 50 casts that were selected randomly from the study sample. Statistical analyses revealed that the only rugae type that was significantly different between males and females was the anterior rugae type (P<0.05). The predominant types of palatal rugae were the primary (P<0.05), the anterior (P<0.05), and the wavy (P<0.05). Moreover, none of the compared palatal rugae patterns were identical. The study provided reference data regarding the morphology of palatal rugae among Jordanians and more importantly it provided evidence that the individuality of palatal rugae is not limited to certain ethnicity or population but is more likely a worldwide phenomenon.

Topic: Forensic Anthropology and Bioarchaeology Studies
Subfield: Archeology
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Tandem transcoding without distortion accumulation for vector quantization

Transcoding algorithms that eliminate distortion accumulation due to tandem transcodings between memoryless, finite-state, and predictive vector quantization and pulse code modulation (PCM) are presented. The algorithms can be implemented using table lookups for memoryless and finite-state vector quantization, whereas predictive vector quantization requires online calculations. Computer simulations indicate a 6 dB improvement in the case of 16 kb/s predictive vector quantizers, 48 kb/s PCM, and four tandems for speech.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>

Topic: Advanced Data Compression Techniques
Subfield: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies are associated with radiographic damage but not disease activity in early rheumatoid arthritis diagnosed in 2006–2011

<b>Objective:</b> The discovery of anti-citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPAs) and the introduction of new therapeutic options have had profound impacts on early rheumatoid arthritis (RA) care. Since ACPA status, most widely assessed as reactivity to cyclic citrullinated peptides (CCPs), influences treatment decisions in early RA, we aimed to determine whether anti-CCP remains a predictor of disease activity and radiographic joint damage in more recent ‘real-world’ early RA. <b>Method:</b> Two observational early RA cohorts from Sweden enrolled patients in 1996–1999 (TIRA-1, n = 239) and 2006–2009 (TIRA-2, n = 444). Clinical and radiographic data and ongoing treatment were prospectively collected up to 3 years. Two other cohorts served as confirmation cohorts (TRAM-1, with enrolment 1996–2000, n = 249; and TRAM-2, 2006–2011, n = 528). Baseline anti-CCP status was related to disease activity, pharmacotherapy, and radiographic joint damage according to Larsen score. <b>Results:</b> In the TIRA-1 cohort, anti-CCP-positive patients had significantly higher 28-joint Disease Activity Score, swollen joint count, C-reactive protein level, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate during follow-up compared with anti-CCP-negative patients. In TIRA-2, no such differences were found, but baseline anti-CCP positivity was associated with higher 3 year Larsen score (5.4 vs 3.5, p = 0.039). In TRAM-2, anti-CCP also predicted radiographic damage (8.9 vs 6.7, p = 0.027), with no significant differences in disease activity. <b>Conclusion:</b> In the early RA cohorts recruiting patients in 2006–2011, baseline anti-CCP positivity was not associated with disease activity over time, but was associated with increased radiographic damage at follow-up. Hence, close radiographic monitoring is warranted in early anti-CCP-positive RA regardless of disease activity.

Topic: Rheumatoid Arthritis Research and Therapies
Subfield: Rheumatology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
ANALISIS UJARAN KEBENCIAN &#13;\nDALAM AKUN INSTAGRAM LAMBE TURAH

This research is motivated by the existence of social media, especially Instagram, which is increasingly in demand by the public and has generated a lot of hate speech. This study aims to describe hate speech in the Lambe Turah account, namely speeches that attempt to incite or incite hatred towards another person or group. Hate speech can be conveyed in various ways, one of which is through social media. One of the most frequently used social media today is Instagram. The Lambe Turah Instagram account is no exception. In this account, there is a lot of gossip about artists and people who are viral. This has led to many hateful comments expressed by netizens in every post uploaded on Lambe Turah's Instagram account.&#13;\n&#13;\nThe method used in this research is a qualitative descriptive method using the pragmatic approach of H.P Grices theory. Sources of data used in this study were netizen comments on Lambe Turah's Instagram account from January 1 to March 30, 2020. The data that has been found are processed through several steps, namely data collection, data reduction, data presentation and drawing conclusions. This research was conducted through several procedures, namely preparation, implementation and completion.&#13;\n&#13;\nFrom the results of the analysis and discussion, it was concluded that the Lambe Turah Instagram account found three forms of hate speech, four meanings of hate speech and also four contexts of hate speech. The forms in question are forms of hate speech in the form of words, forms of hate speech in the form of phrases and forms of hate speech in the form of sentences. In addition, there are several meanings of hate speech, namely the meaning of hate speech hoping to be bad, the meaning of hate speech insulting, the meaning of hate speech inciting and the meaning of provoking hate speech. Also, it was found the context of hate speech, namely the physical context, the psychological context, the social context and the shared knowledge context.

Topic: Magnetic confinement fusion research
Subfield: Nuclear and High Energy Physics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Diet and mortality from coronary heart diseases in Spain

The aim of this study was to compare mortality rates and the consumption of foodstuffs from CHD in 17 autonomous regions of Spain. The most consistent result was the high negative correlation between mortality rate from CHD and meat intake. The negative correlations between total fat, olive oil, milk intakes and CHD mortality were not significant when Canary Island data were excluded.

Topic: Nutritional Studies and Diet
Subfield: Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Prevention of Postoperative Adhesion Bands by Alkali-treated Cellulosic Luffa Fibers

The formation of postsurgical intra-abdomen adhesion bands can cause severe complications. The luffa fibers were alkali treated to produce the desire hydrophobic and microfibrous structure. The scanning electron microscope and X-ray diffraction results have demonstrated that this treatment furnished a fine and hydrophobic fibrous structure. Moreover, the crystallinity of luffa increased from 17.4% to 63.32% by alkali treatment. Moreover, the in vivo results represented a significant reduction of inflammatory cells and adhesion bands after one week of luffa fibers implantation. These results suggest that the luffa fibers have the potential to act as a barrier for prevention of adhesion bands.

Topic: Intestinal and Peritoneal Adhesions
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
THE PUBLIC HEALTH DEFENSE LEAGUE.

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal

Topic: Healthcare Policy and Management
Subfield: Economics and Econometrics
Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance
Domain: Social Sciences
Reclaiming the Political: Women and the Social History of Suffrage in Great Britain, France, and the United States

Maroula Joannou and June Purvis, eds. The Women's Suffrage Movement: New Feminist Perspectives. Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1998. xii + 227 pp.; ill. ISBN 0-7190-4860-5 (cl).

Topic: Historical Gender and Feminism Studies
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
CD317/Tetherin Is Enriched in the HIV-1 Envelope and

CD317/Bst-2/tetherin is a host factor that restricts the release of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) by trapping virions at the plasma membrane of certain producer cells. It is antagonized by the HIV-1 accessory protein Vpu. Previous light microscopy studies localized CD317 to the plasma membrane and the endosomal compartment and showed Vpu induced downregulation. In the present study, we performed quantitative immunoelectron microscopy of CD317 in cells producing wild-type or Vpu-defective HIV-1 and in control cells. Double-labeling experiments revealed that CD317 localizes to the plasma membrane, to early and recycling endosomes, and to the trans-Golgi network. CD317 largely relocated to endosomes upon HIV-1 infection, and this effect was partly counteracted by Vpu. Unexpectedly, CD317 was enriched in the membrane of viral buds and cell-associated and cell-free viruses compared to the respective plasma membrane, and this enrichment was independent of Vpu. These results suggest that the tethering activity of CD317 critically depends on its density at the cell surface and appears to be less affected by its density in the virion membrane. To counteract infection with pathogens, cells use a variety of strategies that can be regulated by signaling events. CD317 (Bst-2, HM1.24, tetherin) was recently discovered as an inter-feron-inducible cellular factor that inhibits the release of hu-

Topic: HIV Research and Treatment
Subfield: Virology
Field: Immunology and Microbiology
Domain: Life Sciences
Visualizing the Decision-Making Process in a Face-to-Face Meeting

The decision making process is usually one of the most critical elements of any face-to-face meeting. Participants in a group meeting follow certain procedures and guidelines for facilitating the decision making process. These include such rules as turn taking, not interrupting the consultation, and keeping suggestions or ideas clear and concise. The ultimate objective of such meetings is to arrive at decisions in a timely manner by having a diversity of opinions from as many participants as possible. We postulate that by visualizing the group dynamics during a face-to-face meeting, administrators might be able to get a better handle on the strengths and weaknesses of the group's consultation process. The end result would be to improve the overall quality of meetings. We present a visualization tool that captures and reveals the ongoing social dynamics during the decision-making process within a face-to-face and real-time meeting. Our system captures the required data through a simple and easy-to-use interface and then visualizes the outcome of the meeting.

Topic: Data Visualization and Analytics
Subfield: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences