jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Agrogenic transformation of soils in the dry steppe zone under the impact of antique and recent land management practices

Virgin, cultivated, and old-arable soils have been studied in the area of Olbia, one of the antique poleis in the northern part of the Black Sea region. It is shown that the soils cultivated during the antique time still preserve some features differing them from their virgin analogues. In the course of agrogenic evolution, progressive changes in the morphology of dry steppe soils are not accompanied by the improvement of soil aggregation at lower levels. Macromorphological indices attest to the enhanced development of humification processes and leaching of carbonates and soluble salts in the soils cultivated during the antique time. At the same time, a number of soil degradation processes are vividly manifested in the cultivated soils. It is suggested that this process can be referred to as the soil allopseudomorphosis.

Topic: Soil and Environmental Studies
Subfield: Soil Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Identification and Mapping of the Effective Source Rocks-Take the Kongquehe Area of the Tarim Basin as an Example

In Kongquehe area of the Tarim Basin,the identification of the effective source rocks is carried out on the basis of the existence of the potential source rocks.Paleozoic dark mudstone,limestone and marl and Mesozoic dark mudstone,coal seam are potential source rocks.When the potential source rocks are of features of TOC0.5%,0.5%RO4.0%,they will be effective source rocks. On the well,effective source rocks can be identified exactly by the geochemical parameters.Effective source rocks were formed in marsh,floodplain and lake in Jurassic and in shelf,half-deep-sea and basin in Cambrian and Lower Ordovician.An effective sedimentary environment model for the source rocks can be set up and be applied in the area in the between of the wells to get a distribution map of the effective source rocks.Reconstructed paleotemperature will help to eliminate immature or overmature source rocks and to define the range of the effective source rocks further.This method of identifying effective source rocks has been applied in Kongquehe area of the Tarim basin and is proven to be feasible by a new well.

Topic: Geoscience and Mining Technology
Subfield: Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Real-time optimal scheduling for prosumers resilient to regulatory changes

&lt;p&gt;The last decade marked an exponential increase in photovoltaic (PV) systems installed on the rooftop of domestic residences within Europe. This situation was basically favored by generous financial schemes such as Feed-in-Tariff and the market of green certificates. However, such governmental incentives drastically reduced, or they were already replaced with net-metering schemes which favor different scenarios: increase of self-consumption and decrease of grid-back injections. This unstable regulatory environment puts both new and old owners of PV systems under a regulatory financial risk. Recently, a regulatory resilient architecture, called UniRCon, was proposed, to overcome both financial and technical regulation uncertainties, where local battery energy storage system plays a key role. Besides the architecture we propose a real-time energy management system (EMS) that could be used for the daily operation of such systems. The real-time EMS is needed to prove the feasibility of this solution in short and long run and it could be also used as the main subroutine in the financial risk analysis. The EMS is based on a mixed-integer linear programming energy management tool that considers possible arbitrage benefits due to price difference in the energy purchased from the grid, while explicitly considering the efficiency of the power electronic interfaces (converters) according to the operation point. &nbsp;We prove our approach using a lab-scale experimental setup of a DC residential microgrid. The results are analyzed under realistic operation scenarios derived from one-year load and PV power output measurements.&lt;/p&gt;

Topic: Smart Grid Energy Management
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Unknotting and Ascending Numbers of Knots and their Families

Ascending numbers are determined for 64 knots with at most n=10 crossings. After proving the theorem about the signature of alternating knot families, we distinguished all families of knots obtained from generating alternating knots with at most 10 crossings, for which the unknotting number can be confirmed by using the general formulae for signatures. For 11 families of knots general formulae are obtained for their ascending numbers.

Topic: Geometric and Algebraic Topology
Subfield: Geometry and Topology
Field: Mathematics
Domain: Physical Sciences
Effects of dexmedetomidine and esmolol on otoacoustic emissions during controlled hypotensive anesthesia: randomized clinical trial

Purpose The aim of this study was to investigate the ability of esmolol and dexmedetomidine to achieve controlled hypotension on cochlea by measuring otoacoustic emission and stapedius reflex. Methods In this prospective, double-blind pilot study, patients scheduled for elective tympanoplasty, rhinoplasty and endoscopic sinus surgery operation were randomly assigned to two groups, and received either dexmedetomidine (n=23) or esmolol (n=24) during surgery to maintain a mean arterial blood pressure between 55 and 65 mmHg. Distortion product otoacoustic emission tests (DPOAE) were performed 24 hours before and after the operation and during surgery (in the 20th and 40th minutes of the operation). Results In the intra-group comparison, a statistically significant decrease was present at t20 (2,000 and 4,000 Hz frequency band) and t40 (1,000 and 1,500 Hz) according to the baseline value in the dexmedetomidine group (n=23); in the esmolol group (n=24), a statistically significant decrease (relative to the baseline value) was also detected at t20 and t40 for the 1,000 Hz frequency band. No damage was found on stapes reflexes with the infusion of these drugs. Conclusions Infusion of dexmedetomidine and esmolol decreased DPOAE levels during the operations, but DPOAE levels returned to normal in the postoperative period, and had no effect on stapes reflexes. Studies with larger groups of patients are needed to confirm these results in tympanoplasty and other surgeries.

Topic: Hearing, Cochlea, Tinnitus, Genetics
Subfield: Sensory Systems
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences
Online Configuration of Personalized Solutions Based on Extension Reasoning

Online customization is becoming an important business model in manufacturing industry, and the configuration of online personalized demand has become an urgent problem to be solved in this new business model. This paper proposes a matching customization method based on extension reasoning. First, we use extension description to describe and organize the case knowledge, and build a relatively complete knowledge base of "modules" and "components". Then, the implementation process of online configuration of personalized customization scheme based on extension reasoning is analyzed in detail. In view of the shortcomings that the calculation method of similarity in the past is difficult to meet the requirements of actual engineering design and assembly, a similarity function for matching degree calculation is studied and constructed in depth.

Topic: Extenics and Innovation Methods
Subfield: Computational Mechanics
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
The Synthesis of Functionalized Nanoscale Molecular Rods of Defined Length

We report a synthetic approach to spiro-ladder oligomers of defined length and structure that form water-soluble molecular rods. We describe the synthesis of a chiral molecular building block 1 and its assembly on solid support to form flexible chains that were then rigidified by the parallel formation of several diketopiperazine rings. Two molecular rods approximately 15 and 25 A in length were synthesized containing three and five monomers, respectively. The molecular rods were easily functionalized on both ends and were shown to have high water solubility, making them compatible with biological buffers. These molecules may find use as scaffolds for the display of ligands in chemical-biology applications and as spacers and construction materials for nanoscience applications.

Topic: Chemical Synthesis and Analysis
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
STGAN: Spatio-Temporal Generative Adversarial Network for Traffic Data Imputation

The traffic data corrupted by noise and missing entries often lead to the poor performance of Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS), such as the bad congestion prediction and route guidance. How to efficiently impute the traffic data is an urgent problem. As a classic deep learning method, Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) achieves remarkable success in image recovery fields, which opens up a new way for the traffic data imputation. In this paper, we propose a novel spatio-temporal GAN model for the traffic data imputation (STGAN). Firstly, we design the generative loss and center loss, which not only minimizes the reconstructed errors of the imputed entries, but also ensures each imputed entry and its neighbors conform to the local spatio-temporal distribution. Then, the discriminator uses the convolution neural network classifier to judge whether the imputed matrix conforms to the global spatio-temporal distribution. As for the network architecture of the generator, we introduce the skip-connection to keep all well preserved data unchanged, and employ the dilated convolution to capture the spatio-temporal correlation in the traffic data. The experimental results show that our proposed method obviously outperforms other competitive traffic data imputation methods.

Topic: Traffic Prediction and Management Techniques
Subfield: Building and Construction
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Extending the power transmission capability to 765 kV through emerging EHV/UHV transformers

Bulk transfer of power requires EHV (Extra High voltage) and UHV (Ultra High voltage) Transmission lines. After thorough study of characteristics and specifications implemented in other parts of the world and related equipment based on insulation coordination studies, CEA working group decided next AC Transmission voltage in the country as 765 kV (Nominal Voltage), with 800 kV as system highest voltage. EHV transmission is going to become backbone supported by UHV AC and HVDC transmission which are essentially required by the country's geographical needs. EHV transformers because of their massive sizes and complicated designs require specific considerations to address reliability issues. Reliability is the sum total of reliable specification, reliable design, reliable material, reliable manufacturing and off-course reliable O&M at site. Therefore, different aspects related to design issues and their possible solutions have been discussed in the paper. EHV class transformer during manufacturing requires special process to follow which are also discussed here. Here also, material quality aspects, transportations constraints and commissioning & installation, in process checks, have been covered. Other than manufacturing and installation, normal operating condition and their performance also needs constant attention on site and that also discussed here.

Topic: Thermal Analysis in Power Transmission
Subfield: Control and Systems Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
A Practical Approach for the Differential Diagnosis of Chronic Leg Pain in the Athlete

Chronic lower leg pain results from various conditions, most commonly, medial tibial stress syndrome, stress fracture, chronic exertional compartment syndrome, nerve entrapment, and popliteal artery entrapment syndrome. Symptoms associated with these conditions often overlap, making a definitive diagnosis difficult. As a result, an algorithmic approach was created to aid in the evaluation of patients with complaints of lower leg pain and to assist in defining a diagnosis by providing recommended diagnostic studies for each condition. A comprehensive physical examination is imperative to confirm a diagnosis and should begin with an inquiry regarding the location and onset of the patient's pain and tenderness. Confirmation of the diagnosis requires performing the appropriate diagnostic studies, including radiographs, bone scans, magnetic resonance imaging, magnetic resonance angiography, compartmental pressure measurements, and arteriograms. Although most conditions causing lower leg pain are treated successfully with nonsurgical management, some syndromes, such as popliteal artery entrapment syndrome, may require surgical intervention. Regardless of the form of treatment, return to activity must be gradual and individualized for each patient to prevent future athletic injury.

Topic: Muscle and Compartmental Disorders
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Noninvasive Prenatal Testing

Diana W. Bianchi, MD; Darya Chudova, PhD; Amy J. Sehnert, MD; Sucheta Bhatt, MD; Kathryn Murray, MS; Tracy L. Prosen, MD; Judy E. Garber, MD; Louise Wilkins-Haug, MD, PhD; Neeta L. Vora, MD; Stephen Warsof, MD; James Goldberg, MD; Tina Ziainia, MD; Meredith Halks-Miller, MD

Topic: Prenatal Screening and Diagnostics
Subfield: Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
USE OF THE ARTICULAR BRANCH OF THE ULNAR NERVE TO THE WRIST FOR A LOCAL NERVE GRAFT

From the Department of Plastic Surgery of the Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, N.Y. 1Department of Plastic Surgery Albert Einstein College of Medicine 1825 Eastchester Road Bronx, N.Y. 10461

Topic: Orthopedic Surgery and Rehabilitation
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Low damage via formation with low resistance by NH3 thermal reduction for Cu/ultra low-k interconnects

In order to minimize plasma-damage on porous low-k films, a pre-clean treatment, NH3 thermal reduction, to remove CuOx thin layer from a via bottom before barrier metal deposition was investigated. A reduction rate of 3 nm/min for CuOx layer was obtained at 360 C degrees, and via resistance was reduced to 75% without any damage into porous low-k films such as increase of dielectric constant (k) and decrease in low-k film thickness, while conventional Ar or He/H2 plasma pre-clean treatments in severe damages into low-k-films.

Topic: Copper Interconnects and Reliability
Subfield: Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
The Influence of Collective Agency on the Culture of Employee Learning:

This study investigated the influence of collective agency on the culture of employee learning among administrative assistants at a comprehensive South African university. Data were gathered through semi-structured interviews with 15 participants; the senior human resource training and development coordinator and a trade union leader. The study found that there is positive intentionality in the official domain of employee learning at the institution, resulting from the need for agents to collectively re-contextualise the knowledge constituting the employee learning curriculum. Similarly, there was evidence of the positive influence of collect- -ive agency in the administrative assistants’ responses to institutional employee learning initiatives. However, some tensions were noted between senior management’s and administrative assistants’ exercise of collective agency in the practice of employee learning. This hampered alignment between the institution’s strategic intentions and the administrative assistants’ collective employee learning goals. Based on these findings, it is recommended that efforts can be made to promote congruence between management’s exercise of collective agency in the official re-contextualisation of the employee learning curriculum and the administrative assist- -tants’ collective responses to employee learning practices.&#x0D; Key words: employee learning, administrative assistants, collective agency

Topic: Organizational Learning and Leadership
Subfield: Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management
Field: Business, Management and Accounting
Domain: Social Sciences
Study of asymmetric fission yield behavior from neutron-deficient Hg isotope

A study of asymmetric fission yield behavior from a neutron-deficient Hg isotope has been conducted. The fission yield calculation of the neutron-deficient Hg isotope using Brownian Metropolis shape had showed unusual result at decreasing energy. In this paper, this interesting feature will be validated by using nine degree of scission shapes parameterization from Brosa model that had been implemented in TALYS nuclear reaction code. This validation is intended to show agreement between both model and the experiment result. The expected result from these models considered to be different due to dynamical properties that implemented in both models.

Topic: Nuclear reactor physics and engineering
Subfield: Aerospace Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Survival and Reproduction of Caribbean Fruit Fly (Diptera: Tephritidae) Adults Immersed in Hot Water as Third In stars

Larvae of the Caribbean fruit fly, Anastrepha suspensu (Loew), were submerged in heated water to determine effects on subsequent adult survival and reproduction. No relationship was observed between overall percentage larval mortality and proportion of larvae that survived hot-water immersion in grapefruits, mangoes, and carambolas and then developed into adults. Longevity of adults that survived immersion as larvae in water at 43.0 ± 0.05°C for 21 or 24 min was not consistently lower compared with the unheated controls. Neither numbers of eggs laid nor percentage eclosion of eggs of adults that were immersed as third in stars in water at 43.0 ± 0.05°C for 21 or 24 min differed significantly compared with controls. Eclosionof eggs from control females mated to males that survived immersion as third in stars in water at 43.0 ± 0.05°C for 24 min was significantly reduced compared with eclosion of eggs laid by control females mated to control males.

Topic: Insect behavior and control techniques
Subfield: Insect Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Multidimensional ontology-based visual ranking

Evangelia Triperina obtained her PhD in Computer Sciences from the University of Limoges, France in 2020. Her thesis focuses on the interdisciplinary research in multidimensional decisions support in the ranking problematic aided by visual analytics and semantic web technologies. Interactive visual analytics exploit the increased visual perceptual abilities of the decision makers creating a more efficient decision support procedure, while semantic web technologies, and more specifically ontologies, structure data, make the system dynamic and add several needed capabilities to the decision support system. Furthermore, the multidimensional decision support method relies not only on evaluating an alternative based on multiple criteria, but also on important dimensions of the domain 1 .

Topic: Semantic Web and Ontologies
Subfield: Artificial Intelligence
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Validated LC‐MS/MS method for the simultaneous determination of hyperoside and 2′′–<i>O</i>‐galloylhyperin in rat plasma: application to a pharmacokinetic study in rats

ABSTRACT An LC‐MS/MS method was developed for the first time to simultaneously determine hyperoside and 2′′– O ‐galloylhyperin, two major components in Pyrola calliantha extract, in rat plasma. Following extraction by one‐step protein precipitation with methanol, the analytes were separated on a Venusil MP‐C 18 column within 2 min, using methanol–water–formic acid (50:50:0.1, v/v/v) as the mobile phase at a flow rate of 0.4 mL/min. Detection was performed on electrospray negative ionization mass spectrometry by multiple‐reaction monitoring of the transitions of 2′′– O ‐galloylhyperin at m / z 615.1 → 301.0, of hyperoside at m / z 463.1 → 300.1, and of internal standard at m / z 415.1 → 295.1. The limits of quantification were 2 ng/mL for both hyperoside and 2′′– O ‐galloylhyperin. The precisions were &lt;13.1%, and the accuracies were between −9.1 and 5.5% for both compounds. The method was successfully applied in pharmacokinetic studies following intravenous administration of the total flavonoids of P . calliantha extract in rats. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.

Topic: Phytochemistry and Biological Activities
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
A Manual for Conducting Even Start Program Evaluations

Project Even Start is an intergenerational literacy project that promotes adult literacy, trains parents to support the educational growth of their children, and prepares children for school. The program is designed to facilitate joint participation by parents and children. It includes home-based instruction and child care, and it is integrated within a network of relevant support services such as Head Start, volunteer literacy programs, and legislation such as the Adult Education Act, the Education of the Handicapped Act, and the Job Training Partnership Act. This manual was developed to train Even Start administrators and staff in assessing the effectiveness of their programs. The manual addresses the major components of the evaluation process: (1) definition of literacy and program evaluation; (2) general evaluation methods, concepts, and guidelines; (3) important procedures to follow when conducting a program evaluation; (4) tests and measurement instruments that can be used; (5) general guidelines for recording, storing, and analyzing program effectiveness data; (6) guidelines for documenting the results of the program evaluation, including constructing graphs and tables and writing program evaluation reports; (7) a description of how evaluation results can inform program planning; and (8) an annotated list of resources relating to family literacy program evaluation including 29 books and articles, 9 publishers of tests and measurement instruments, and 11 literacy organizations. (KC) *********************************************************************** Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. *********************************************************************** A Manual for Conducting Even Start Program Evaluations Donald J. Polzella, Ph.D. Mark A. Fine, Ph.D.

Topic: Reading and Literacy Development
Subfield: Developmental and Educational Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences