jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Serum lipids, lipoproteins and musculoskeletal disorders among 50- and 60-year-old men. An epidemiologic study.

Several recent reports have indicated a relationship between hyperlipoproteinaemias and migratory polyarthritis and musculoskeletal disorders of unknown etiology. These studies were uncontrolled and the study populations were small. In the study presented here, 787 60-year-old men and 226 50-year-old men--all randomly selected from the general population--were examined by questionnaire regarding the presence of joint symptoms, backache, pain in the legs and consumption of analgetics. Serum lipoprotein phenotype, serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels were determined. No consistent relationship between symptoms or analgetics consumption and serum lipid levels or serum lipoprotein patterns was found. An association between musculoskeletal disorders and and hyperlipoproteinaemias or high serum lipid levels within the range of this study seems unlikely.

Topic: Lipoproteins and Cardiovascular Health
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Feed Efficiency and Physiological Parameters of Holstein and Crossbred Holstein × Simmental Cows

This study aimed to compare the feed efficiency (FE) and physiological parameters of Holstein and crossbred Holstein × Simmental cows in a confinement system during winter and summer. The study was conducted in a dairy farm in southern Brazil by including a total of 48 multiparous cows. The cows were studied for 21 days in two periods, summer and winter, and their daily dry matter intake (DMI), milk yield (MY), rectal temperature (RT), respiratory rate (RR), body weight, and body condition score were recorded. An analysis of variance was conducted using the SAS statistical package. The results showed that crossbred Holstein × Simmental cows have a similar FE as Holstein cows in a high-production system (1.83 × 1.81 kg DMI/kg MY, respectively), and they can achieve the same production levels as purebred Holstein cows (43.8 vs. 44.5 milk/cow/day). Our findings indicated a difference for the period as both genetic groups achieved higher FE in winter than in summer (1.98 vs. 1.67 DMI/kg MY, respectively). In addition, we found evidence that crossbred cows are better at dissipating body heat during heat-stress situations, as they have higher RR in summer compared to purebred cows, while Holstein cows have higher RT in summer afternoons than crossbred cows. Therefore, using crossbred Holstein × Simmental cows is an alternative for high-production systems.

Topic: Effects of Environmental Stressors on Livestock
Subfield: Animal Science and Zoology
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Critical layer thicknesses for inclined dislocation stability in multilayer structures

The critical thickness for stability of dislocations on glide planes inclined to the interfaces in a strained-layer structure is derived. Results are presented for both a single embedded layer and a multilayer structure (superlattice). Both the equilibrium array for the complete removal of coherency strain and less-dense arrays are considered. Results are compared with the previous treatment of Lomer misfit dislocations and with other treatments of multiple dislocation arrays.

Topic: Adhesion, Friction, and Surface Interactions
Subfield: Mechanics of Materials
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Developing a framework for monitoring the stages towards achieving effective coverage and equity for maternal, newborn, child health and nutrition interventions

Reaching the Sustainable Development Goal 2030 global mortality and morbidity targets will require increased access to essential health services. Scaling high-impact health interventions within the public sector is complex; delineation of the pathway to scale for each intervention within each distinct geography is important for prioritising actions to advance interventions towards effective coverage. Following a review of 38 theoretical frameworks describing pathways for scaling health system interventions, we developed, tested and refined a new schema—the Stages of Achieving Effective Coverage and Equity Framework—for use to describe the status of policy adoption, implementation and coverage of key maternal, newborn, child health and nutrition (MNCHN) interventions. We propose a framework with six domains (global, national, systems, implementation, availability and coverage) covering 26 critical milestones with identified corresponding, intervention-specific indicators. Our framework was validated by the alignment of over 83 000 data points sourced from document review, interviews and global or country surveys. Visualisations are presented to highlight how the framework is operationalised to assess scale-up progress. We outline our process of conceptualising and developing a new framework and articulate its use case for action-oriented monitoring of progress towards effective coverage through applied examples in key geographies. Our framework offers an easy-to-follow implementation pathway and a set of common policy and implementation indicators to monitor scale-up towards effective coverage that uses existing secondary data sources where available. Achieving prioritised maternal, newborn and child health targets requires scalable implementation strategies for lifesaving interventions, alongside monitoring progress towards achieving scale.

Topic: Global Maternal and Child Health
Subfield: Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Crossing in popular music in D.R. Congo: the mixing of English in Lingala lyrics

In the French-dominated multilingual D. R. Congo where Lingala music reigns supreme, it may seem unusual and unexpected to note the presence of English in lyrics where pervasive mixing of French in Lingala lyrics would be an unmarked phenomenon. This remarkable craze for English in Lingala lyrics in the 1970s and 1980s, by young musicians in a period where there was no obsession for, affiliation with, or inspiration from, the hip-hop movement which often carries the seed of (American) English, seems perplexing. It may assumedly symbolize, or project, values ranging from identity – imagined or real – to refusal, rebellion, or subversion and resistance. Better still, hybridization of this kind serves a variety of social, linguistic, or discourse functions. Would it signify a claim for an imagined or real hybrid identity? Was it a symbolic medium for expressing identity and solidarity? This type of phenomenon engenders a singular type of discourse embedded in the historical context of political, socio-economic and cultural changes of the time. The paper seeks to answers these key questions by reflecting on the music in which special crossing was prevalent at the time.

Topic: Multilingual Education and Policy
Subfield: Linguistics and Language
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Reviews and summaries of research related to AACN 1980 research priorities: contextual topics

This article reviews and summarizes the research conducted following publication of the 1980s American Association of Critical-Care Nurses' contextual research priorities. Reports of original research conducted on the contextual priority topics between 1981 and 1991 were included. Review articles, doctoral dissertations, theses, and abstracts were excluded unless judged to provide important information on the topic. Following the statement of each priority, progress in the area is summarized. Limitations and measurement issues are discussed as appropriate. Recommendations for future research are provided, and progress in the area is summarized.

Topic: Geriatric Care and Nursing Homes
Subfield: General Health Professions
Field: Health Professions
Domain: Health Sciences
A Formal Link Between Response Time Analysis and Network Calculus

Classical Response Time Analysis (RTA) and Network Calculus (NC) are two major formalisms used for the verification of real-time properties. The related paper offer mathematical links between these two different theories. Based on these links, it then proves the equivalence of various key notions in both frameworks. This enables specialists of both formalisms to get increase confidence on their models, or even, like the authors, to discover errors in theorems by investigating apparent discrepancies between some notions expected to be equivalent. The presented mathematical results are all mechanically checked with the interactive theorem prover Coq, building on existing formalizations of RTA and NC. Establishing such a link between NC and RTA paves the way for improved real-time analyses obtained by combining both theories to enjoy their respective strengths (e.g., multicore analyses for RTA or clock drifts for NC). This artifact enables to reproduce these proofs.

Topic: Systems Engineering Methodologies and Applications
Subfield: Control and Systems Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Chapter 9 The Effects of Uncertainty and Sunk Costs on Firms' Decision-Making: Evidence Investment Dynamics

This paper presents selected evidence on the impact of uncertainty and sunk costs on firms' decisions related to entry and exit, and investment expenditures. Evidence from a large sample of US manufacturing industries shows that greater uncertainty about profits significantly lowers net entry as well as investment. The negative effects are most pronounced in industries that are dominated by small firms and have high sunk costs. We note some implications for policy related to antitrust, employment and economic stabilization.

Topic: Firm Innovation and Growth
Subfield: Economics and Econometrics
Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance
Domain: Social Sciences
Remedies in International Human Rights Law. By Dinah Shelton. Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, 1999. Pp. xli, 379. Index. $130, cloth; $35, paper.

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Topic: International Law and Human Rights
Subfield: Political Science and International Relations
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Local observability and controllability of nonlinear discrete-time fractional order systems based on their linearisation

The concepts of local controllability and observability of nonlinear discrete-time systems with the Caputo-, Riemann–Liouville- and Grünwald–Letnikov-type h-difference fractional order operators are studied. The Implicit Function Theorem is used in order to show that the nonlinear systems are locally observable or controllable in a finite number of steps if their linear approximations are observable or controllable, respectively, in the same number of steps.

Topic: Advanced Control Systems Design
Subfield: Control and Systems Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
The Msh5 complex shows homeostatic localization in response to DNA double-strand breaks in yeast meiosis

Meiotic crossing over is essential for the segregation of homologous chromosomes. The formation and distribution of meiotic crossovers (COs), which are initiated by the formation of double-strand break (DSB), are tightly regulated to ensure at least one CO per bivalent. One type of CO control, CO homeostasis, maintains a consistent level of COs despite fluctuations in DSB numbers. Here, we analyzed the localization of proteins involved in meiotic recombination in budding yeast xrs2 hypomorphic mutants which show different levels of DSBs. The number of cytological foci with recombinases, Rad51 and Dmc1, which mark single-stranded DNAs at DSB sites is proportional to the DSB numbers. Among the pro-CO factor, ZMM/SIC proteins, the focus number of Zip3, Mer3, or Spo22/Zip4, was linearly proportional to reduced DSBs in the xrs2 mutant. In contrast, foci of Msh5, a component of the MutSγ complex, showed a non-linear response to reduced DSBs. We also confirmed the homeostatic response of COs by genetic analysis of meiotic recombination in the xrs2 mutants and found a chromosome-specific homeostatic response of COs. Our study suggests that the homeostatic response of the Msh5 assembly to reduced DSBs was genetically distinct from that of the Zip3 assembly for CO control.

Topic: DNA Repair Mechanisms
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
The Media Index: Computer-Based Access to Nonprint Materials.

Although full bibliographic access to nonprint materials has been a goal of libraries, complete success has not been achieved. The library at California State University, Los Angeles, sought a way to access previously inaccessi ble elements of its recordings collection. The computer based media index was designed with separate indexes for titles, subjects, and added entries (selections, compos ers, performers, etc.). This has proved to be an extreme ly useful tool and is readily adaptable to other forms of mediated material.

Topic: Library Science and Information Systems
Subfield: Information Systems
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Farming the Home Place: A Japanese Community in California, 1919–1982

In 1919, against a backdrop of a long history of anti-Asian nativism, a handful of Japanese families established Cortez Colony in a bleak pocket of the San Joachin Valley. Valerie Matsumoto chronicles conflicts within the community as well as obstacles from without as the colonists responded to the challenges of settlement, the setbacks of the Great Depression, the hardships of World War II internment, and the opportunities of postwar reconstruction. Tracing the evolution of gender and family roles of members of Cortez as well as their cultural, religious, and educational institutions, she documents the persistence and flexibility of ethnic community and demonstrates its range of meaning from geographic location and web of social relations to state of mind

Topic: Migration, Ethnicity, and Economy
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Morphological abnormalities in the Chilean Eagle ray Myliobatis chilensis (Myliobatiformes: Myliobatidae) off the Peruvian coast, Southeast Pacific

Records about morphological abnormalities in rays of the genus Myliobatis are scarce worldwide. In the present study, three specimens exhibiting different malformations were identified during the monitoring of the reproductive biology of the Chilean eagle ray Myliobatis chilensis, conducted from 2017 to 2018 in the fishing port of Salaverry (northern Peru). The identified specimens included: (i) a female with split pectoral fins, (ii) a male with an unfused-to-the-head pectoral fin, and (iii) a female with a short and thick tail. Here we report and discuss the implications and likely causes of these first three cases of morphological abnormalities in M. chilensis from the western Pacific.

Topic: Ichthyology and Marine Biology
Subfield: Nature and Landscape Conservation
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Temperament and the Impact of Stuttering in Children Aged 8–14 Years

Purpose The goal of this study was to evaluate possible associations between child- and mother-reported temperament, stuttering severity, and child-reported impact of stuttering in school-age children who stutter. Method Participants were 123 children who stutter (94 boys and 29 girls) who were between 9;0 and 14;10 (years;months) and their mothers. Temperament was assessed with the revised child and parent version of the Early Adolescent Temperament Questionnaire–Revised ( Ellis &amp; Rothbart, 2001 ). The Overall Assessment of the Speaker's Experience of Stuttering (Yaruss &amp; Quesal, 2006) was used to evaluate the stuttering impact. Results Child- and mother-reported Early Adolescent Temperament Questionnaire–Revised temperament factors correlated moderately. No statistically significant associations were found between temperament and stuttering severity. The temperament factors of Surgency (both child- and mother-reported) and Negative Affect (only child-reported) correlated moderately with the Overall Impact and several subsections (i.e., Speaker's Reactions, Daily Communication, and/or Quality of Life) of the Overall Assessment of the Speaker's Experience of Stuttering. Conclusions More extraverted and less fearful/shy children experience a lower overall impact of their stuttering. Children with higher levels of irritability and frustration experience a higher overall impact of their stuttering. Since children's ratings of temperament were more sensitive to these associations than mothers, this study supports the inclusion of child-reported temperament questionnaires in future research.

Topic: Stuttering Research and Treatment
Subfield: Clinical Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Atypical depression and alcohol misuse are related to the cardiovascular risk in the general population

To conclude results emphasize the need to subtype depression and to pay particular attention to the atypical subtype. Comorbid alcohol misuse may further increase the cardiovascular risk. Efforts to diminish smoking in subjects with mental disorders could be crucial measures to reduce their high incidence of cardiovascular disease.

Topic: Cardiac Health and Mental Health
Subfield: Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
The systematics of forstercooperia a middle to late eocene hyracodontid perissodactyla rhinocerotoidea from asia and western north america

Forstercooperia is a small-sized indricotheriine hyracodontid rhinocerotoid known from the middle to late Eocene of Asia and western North America. Except for differences in size, valid species of Forstercooperia show little morphological variability. Seven species have previously been assigned to Forstercooperia, but only two of these, F. totadentata (Wood, 1938) (=F. shiwopuensis Chow, Chang & Ding, 1974) and F. grandis (Peterson, 1919) (=F. confluens (Wood, 1963)), are here considered valid. A third species, the smallest known species of Forstercooperia, F. minuta new species, is described from dental and cranial remains found in China and New Mexico. Forstercooperia jigniensis Sahni & Khare, 1973 is removed from Forstercooperia, and Forstercooperia crudus Gabunia, 1977 is a nomen nudum. Juxia borissiaki (Beliajeva, 1959) (=J. sharamurunense Chow & Chiu, 1964 =F. ergiliinensis Gabunia & Dashzeveg, 1974) is considered to be more closely related to the more derived indricotheriines than to Forstercooperia, and thus is left as a separate genus. With this emendation, Forstercooperia can be considered the sister taxon of all other indricotheriines.

Topic: Evolution and Paleontology Studies
Subfield: Paleontology
Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences
Domain: Physical Sciences
STANDARDS, SPECIFICATIONS, AND CODES

As a result of more sophisticated technology and a growing consumer pressure for product reliability, manufacturers, engineers, governmental representatives, and the general public alike are requiring improved access to standards and specifications. Traditionally, this information resource has been difficult to identify, to control, and to service. As a response to this problem, a small task force of Chicago area technical librarians conducted a survey of area users to ascertain what standards collections were available, what the level of need for standards might actually be, and the extent to which existing collections might be shared among users. The results of the survey were published by the Illinois Regional Library Council at Standards, Specifications and Codes Available in the Chicago Area: A Union List. (Chicago, IRLC, 1980.) In addition to the valuable data now available in the printed document, the project also served to encourage support for the concept of resource sharing among users in the local area.

Topic: Library Collection Development and Digital Resources
Subfield: Information Systems
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Quantitatively tight sample complexity bounds

This document is primarily about the theory of sample complexity for answering the question &amp;quot;Have we learned?&amp;quot;. However, we do not neglect the experimental side. In particular, following the theory we will present results for application of sample complexity bounds to machine learning problems. These results are the &amp;apos;best known results&amp;apos; in terms of bound tightness and should be considered as a guide and challenge to others working on sample complexity bounds

Topic: Machine Learning and Data Classification
Subfield: Artificial Intelligence
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Marie Vieux Chauvet’s Theatres

Marie Vieux Chauvet’s Theatres: Thought, Form, and Performance of Revolt at once reflects and acts upon the praxis of theatre that inspired Haitian writer Marie Vieux Chauvet, while at the same time provides incisively new cultural studies readings about revolt in her theatre and prose. Chauvet – like many free-minded women of the Caribbean and the African diaspora – was banned from the public sphere, leaving her work largely ignored for decades. Following on a renewed interest in Chauvet, this collection makes essential contributions to Africana Studies, Theatre Studies, Performance Studies, Postcolonial Studies, and Global South Feminisms. Contributors are: Alessandra Benedicty-Kokken, Stéphanie Bérard, Christian Flaugh, Gabrielle Gallo, Jeremy Matthew Glick, Kaiama L. Glover, Régine Michelle Jean-Charles, Cae Joseph-Massena, Nehanda Loiseau, Judith G. Miller, Lizabeth Paravisini-Gebert, Anthony Phelps, Ioana Pribiag, Charlee M. Redman Bezilla, Guy Régis Jr, and Lena Taub Robles. This collection is a beautiful gathering of voices exploring Chauvet’s theatrical work, along with the role of theatre in her novels. The richly textured and evocatively written essays offer many new and necessary insights into the work of one of Haiti’s greatest writers. — Laurent Dubois, Marcello Lotti Professor of Romance Studies and History, Duke University. Author of Haiti: The Aftershocks of History This collection draws necessary critical attention to how theatre and performance animate the work of a key figure in Caribbean fiction and drama. Using an innovative scholarly and artistic approach, the collection incorporates leading and new voices in Haitian studies and Francophone studies on Chauvet’s depictions of revolt. — Soyica Diggs Colbert, Professor of African American Studies and Theater & Performance Studies, Georgetown University. Author of Black Movements: Performance and Cultural Politics

Topic: Historical and Literary Studies
Subfield: Anthropology
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Muzzle Based Identification of Cattle Using KAZE

Biometric Identification for animals has been an emerging research field in computer vision. Biometric Identification plays an important role in monitoring diseases, vaccination, planning and control of the produce, and also in ownership assignment. There are several Traditional identification methods like the Ear-Tagging, Ear-Notching, Ear-Tattooing, Freeze-Branding, Hot-Branding and Electrical methods using RFID. The Traditional methods have been invasive, easily duplicable. They are also known for their low accuracies in identification as they are vulnerable to losses. A system with better performance is much needed in this field. Visual Animal Biometrics is gaining wide acceptance all over the world as it provides with better results. This paper aims to explain in detail the implementation of a feature extraction technique called KAZE and through experimental analysis show that it performs better than other feature extraction algorithms.

Topic: Food Supply Chain Traceability
Subfield: Food Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences