jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
APPLICATION OF THE INTERACTING LAMINAR SHELL CONCEPT TO ANTENNAS AND OTHER GROUND ELECTRONIC SYSTEM SUPPORT STRUCTURES.

Interacting laminar shell construction is an arrangement of structural shells (laminar structural surfaces) permitting optimum utilization of high strength materials of exceptionally thin cross-section by inherent stabilization characteristics of the system. The range of applicability for the interacting laminar shell system of construction is for large spans and heavy loading. As applied to antenna structures, large steerable reflectors of excellent structural efficiency and, through the automatic curvature control system feature, of exceptional surface accuracy, may be constructed to function without radomes. This document provides the results of experimental stress analysis upon a model of an interacting laminar shell antenna structure, develops influence diagrams for design use, and gives preliminary designs for eight different antennas. (Author)

Topic: Hermeneutics and Narrative Identity
Subfield: Philosophy
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
A Robust Methodology for Ramsey Pricing with an Application to UK Postal Services

The policy relevance of Ramsey pricing calculations naturally turns on their robustness. This paper sets out a methodology for a 'minimal information' approach in examining the sensitivity of Ramsey prices to changes in demand and cost parameters. The 'minimal information' required for the approach to be operational is (1) a set of estimated demand functions for the products involved and (2) some idea of the 'ball-park' for marginal costs for these products. A case study of the U.K. letters business is used to illustrate the approach. Copyright 1996 by Blackwell Publishing Ltd.

Topic: Consumer Market Behavior and Pricing
Subfield: Marketing
Field: Business, Management and Accounting
Domain: Social Sciences
Optimal Investment Decision on Open-end Funds

The study of open-end fund is conducted in this paper in terms of the theory of Random process and the theory ofSequential Decision, which based on the benefit of investors and the cost of transaction (commission occurred in thetransaction). In addition the thesis introduces the method of factor of random discounting, by which investors can choosethe optimal way of investment, which is calculated in an analogue case.

Topic: Financial Markets and Investment Strategies
Subfield: Finance
Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance
Domain: Social Sciences
Ultrastructural studies of corneal collagen during the development of experimental scleritis in rabbits.

An active Arthus reaction induced in the rabbit cornea leads to scleral disease resembling that in humans. Collagen damage was located in the corneal stroma at the site of the immune reaction. In the electron microscope, some regions of corneal stroma, without loss of lamellar integrity, demonstrated the apparent swelling of individual, scattered collagen fibrils such that a helical arrangement of component microfibrils was evident. In areas showing more extensive damage, fibril fragmentation and solubilization was associated with the aggregation of fibrous banded material. These observations are discussed with reference to possible mechanisms underlying the development of scleritis in the rabbit and which might also contribute to an understanding of the pathology of the disease in humans.

Topic: Corneal Surgery and Treatments
Subfield: Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
[Analysis of clinical features of Craniofacial Langerhans cell histiocytosis in children].

<b>Objective:</b>To investigate the clinical features of craniofacial Langerhans cell histiocytosis（LCH） in children. <b>Method:</b>The clinical data of 11 children with craniofacial LCH confirmed by surgical histopathology were analyzed retrospectively, and their clinical characteristics were compared. <b>Result:</b>Eleven children with craniofacial LCH had a history of misdiagnosis and mistreatment. There were 10 cases aged 1-4 years. 9 cases of LCH occurred in the temporal bone with otorrhea and moderate to severe hearing loss, while 6 cases were binaural involvement. CT of the primary lesions in 7 children showed obvious extensive bone destruction. 2 cases died（both with multiple dangerous organs involved） and 8 cases survived. <b>Conclusion:</b>The craniofacial LCH in children mainly occurs in children under 4 years old, Most of the temporal bone LCH is involved in both ears with otorrhea and severe hearing loss. There is a high rate of misdiagnosis in clinical work due to lack of specific clinical symptoms. Imaging examinations and systemic examinations have important diagnostic value. The cases with dangerous organs involved have a higher mortality rate, while chemotherapy has better clinical effect for children with localized lesions.

Topic: Histiocytic Disorders and Treatments
Subfield: Physiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Contralateral rhinorrhea as a feature of infantile Horner’s syndrome

Horner’s syndrome (HS) occurs as a result of a lesion anywhere along the oculosympathetic pathway and includes the classic triad of unilateral ptosis, miosis, and facial anhidrosis.1 The nasal mucosa has a complex autonomic supply, disruption of the sympathetic element producing nasal obstruction. Nasal obstruction is not recognized as a typical feature of HS, but it can be seen in patients with HS after sympathectomy.2,3⇓ We reported two infants with HS who had contralateral rhinorrhea caused by ipsilateral nasal obstruction. Contralateral rhinorrhea could be the key for the diagnosis of HS in infants, who cannot complain of stuffiness.

This 11-month-old girl had been delivered vaginally at term without any complications, including brachial plexus injury. At age 9 months, she was referred to our hospital because of left ptosis and anhidrosis on the left side of the face noted by hermother shortly after birth. Her mother also noted that …

Topic: Sympathectomy and Hyperhidrosis Treatments
Subfield: Physiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Isolation and pathogenicity of Phytophthora species from declining Rubus anglocandicans

Rubus anglocandicans is the most widespread and abundant blackberry species within the European blackberry (Rubus fruticosus) aggregate in Western Australia (WA). European blackberry is also one of the 32 Weeds of National Significance in Australia. A disease recorded as 'blackberry decline' was first observed in some blackberry sites in WA in 2006. A disease survey was conducted in the Manjimup-Pemberton region along the Warren and Donnelly River catchments in WA between 2010 and 2012. Phytophthora amnicola, P. bilorbang, P. cryptogea, P. inundata, P. litoralis, P. multivora, P. taxon personii, P. thermophila and a P. thermophila × amnicola hybrid were recovered from declining and adjacent decline-free sites, as well as from streams and rivers. Phytophthora cinnamomi was isolated from dying Banksia and Eucalyptus species from two non-decline sites. Of these species, P. bilorbang and P. cryptogea were more pathogenic than the others in under-bark inoculations using excised stems (primocanes), in planta primocane inoculations in blackberry growing wild in native forest stands, and in glasshouse pot trials. It was concluded that blackberry decline is a complex syndrome and Phytophthora species, in particular P. bilorbang and P. cryptogea, together with temporary inundation, are major biotic and abiotic factors contributing to blackberry decline.

Topic: Plant Pathogens and Resistance
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
The Administration of Justice Under Emergency Conditions in the District of Columbia, 1973-03

A report produced by the Committee on the Administration of Justice Under Emergency Condition and presented to the Judicial Conference of the District of Columbia Circuit, 1973 March. PART OF SERIES: In its investigation, the Webster Commission aligned the policies and procedures of the LAPD with those adopted by several other agencies and governmental bodies. The series contains a variety of materials collected by the Commission for this purpose. Included are reports about present and future issues facing the City of Los Angeles; analyses of riots which shook Washington, D.C. in 1968; annual reports issued by the Royal Canadian Mounted Police; emergency plans; housing data; newspaper and journal articles; criminal justice statistics; and summaries and after-action reports which assessed law enforcement's response to the 1992 riots.

Topic: Enterobacteriaceae and Cronobacter Research
Subfield: Endocrinology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Focus on azithromycin

Azithromycin is a second-generation macrolide that was developed in the early 1980s as a semi-synthetic derivative of erythromycin. This broad-spectrum antibiotic is known for its activity against some Gram-negative organisms such as H. influenza. Azithromycin is similar to other macrolides, however, it also has the ability to inhibit quorum sensing and the formation of biofilm. Azithromycin has been beneficial in the treatment of influenza and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) and recently has shown to be effective against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS CoV-2) when used in combination with hydroxychloroquine or chloroquine. The side-effect that needs to be monitored carefully is the risk of cardiotoxicity when azithromycin is combined with chloroquine or hydroxychloroquine.

Topic: Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections
Subfield: Epidemiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Relationship of a lichen species diversity indicator to environmental factors across the coterminous United States

We have investigated relationships between one simple indicator of lichen species diversity and environmental variables in forests across the coterminous United States. We want to know whether this indicator can help quantify the influence that factors such as climate and air quality have on lichen biodiversity at large scales and whether it will be useful in monitoring changes in these factors. Since lichens are biologically distinct from the trees, shrubs, and herbaceous vegetation found on sample plots, a good indicator of effects on the lichen community complements other indicators and contributes to a more complete picture of potential effects of these causal factors on the entire forest ecosystem.

Topic: Lichen and fungal ecology
Subfield: Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
The Eisenlohr-Farris Algorithm for fully transitive polyhedra

The purpose of this note is to present a method for classifying three-dimensional polyhedra in terms of their symmetry groups. This method is constructive and it is described in terms of the conjugation classes of crystallographic groups in $\mathbb{E}^3$. For each class of groups $Γ$ the method can generate without duplication all polyhedra in three-dimensional space on which $Γ$ acts fully-transitively. It was proposed by J. M. Eisenlohr and S. L. Farris for generating every fully transitive polyhedra in $\mathbb{E}^d$. We also illustrate how the method can be applied in the euclidean space $\mathbb{E}^3$ by generating a new fully transitive polyhedron.

Topic: Computational Geometry and Mesh Generation
Subfield: Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Evaluation of the Effect of Different Physico-Chemical Properties of Soil on Modulus of Rupture (MOR)

An experiment on “Evaluation of factors affecting modulus of rupture as an index of crusting in soils of Haryana” was carried out during 2016-17 at Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana. The soil samples were collected from 21 locations from farmers’ fields in from 0-5 and 5-15 cm depths from different districts of the Haryana having wide range of texture ranging from sand to silty clay loam. The effect of different physico-chemical properties of these texturally different soils was evaluated on their modulus of rupture (MOR) values. The organic carbon, aggregate size analysis, mean weight diameter and modulus of rupture of all the soils were determined using standard methods. The effect of different soil properties on modulus of rupture of soils was evaluated. The MOR of different textured soils at both the depths (0-5 and 5-15 cm) was significantly positive and lineally correlated with the soil organic carbon contents of soils with R2 value of 0.74 and 0.75 for 0-5 and 5-15 cm depths. The water stable aggregates at 0-5 and 5-15 cm depths were found significantly positive and linearly correlated with organic carbon content of soils. The water stable aggregates were highest in silty clay loam (67.42%) and lowest in sand (30.85 %) at 0-5 cm depth. Aggregate stability index as mean weight diameter (MWD) was observed to be higher in fine textured soils as compared to coarse textured soils. The silty clay loam soils were found with highest MWD of 1.61 mm and 1.54 mm at 0-5 and 5-15 cm depth amongst all the soils respectively. The MOR was found highly dependent on silt + clay and water stable aggregates.

Topic: Rice Cultivation and Yield Improvement
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Gaining confidence on general relativity with cosmic polarization rotation

The theory of general relativity, for which we celebrate the centennial at this Symposium, is based on the Einstein equivalence principle. This principle could be violated through a pseudoscalar-photon interaction, which would also produce a rotation of the polarization angle for radiation traveling over very long distances. Therefore, if we could show that this cosmic polarization rotation does not exist, our confindence in general relativity would be greatly increased. We review here the astrophysical searches for cosmic polarization rotation, which have been made in the past 26 years using the polarization of radio galaxies and of the cosmic microwave background. So far no rotation has been detected within about 1 degree. We discuss current problems and future prospects for cosmic polarization rotation measurements.

Topic: Pulsars and Gravitational Waves Research
Subfield: Astronomy and Astrophysics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
New City visions and the politics of redevelopment in Dar es Salaam

In the midst of widespread urban deprivation, African governments increasingly give priority to large-scale ultra-modern urban projects, intended to increase national income and propel their urban settlements onto the global stage of ‘world-class’ cities. However, such projects are often in tension with the realities of local residents.

Topic: Urban and Rural Development Challenges
Subfield: Urban Studies
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
The Global Chemicals Outlook

developing a flagship Global Chemicals Outlook to aid in framing the current understanding of trends in chemicals production and use, economic implications, and policy options. The Global Chemicals Outlook aims to provide a coherent framework for assessing and setting priorities to stimulate further international attention and action on sound management of chemicals. The Global Chemicals Outlook covers three broad inter-linked areas, building upon the findings of existing and concurrent studies: • Pillar I: Trends and indicators for (i) chemical production, trade, use and disposal and (ii) associated health and environment impacts • Pillar II: Based on the trends, making the economic case for sound management of chemicals • Pillar III: Instruments and approaches for sound management of chemicals, including promotion of safer alternatives I. Meeting Goals A 3rd Steering Committee meeting was convened on 3-4 November 2010 in Geneva to advise on the structure and scope of the final Global Chemicals Outlook, building on the outputs from the preliminary phase of the

Topic: Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
Subfield: Environmental Chemistry
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
An efficient decoder architecture for cyclic non-binary LDPC codes

This paper proposes a hybrid message-passing decoding algorithm which consumes very low computational complexity, while achieving competitive error performance compared with conventional min-max algorithm. Simulation result on a (255,175) cyclic code shows that this algorithm obtains at least 0.5dB coding gain over other state-of-the-art low-complexity non-binary LDPC (NB-LDPC) decoding algorithms. Based on this algorithm, a partial-parallel decoder architecture is implemented for cyclic NB-LDPC codes, where the variable node units are redesigned and the routing network is optimized for the proposed algorithm. Synthesis results demonstrate that about 24.3% gates and 12% memories can be saved over previous works.

Topic: Error Correcting Code Techniques
Subfield: Computer Networks and Communications
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Long-term Follow-up of 1059 Consecutive Primary and Recurrent Inguinal Hernias in a Teaching Hospital

The number of recurrences at long-term follow-up after repairs of primary and recurrent inguinal hernias was unsatisfactory. The extent of postoperative pain was surprising as this was not given enough attention during the learning period. We have introduced a uniform treatment policy with a prospective surveillance programme with the aim of improving results in our teaching programme.

Topic: Hernia repair and management
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Reviewed by:

Deterioration of motor and cognitive performance with advancing age is well documented, but its cause remains unknown. Animal studies dating back to the late 1970s reveal that ageassociated neurocognitive changes are linked to age-dependent changes in synaptic plasticity, including alterations of long-term potentiation and depression (LTP and LTD). Non-invasive brain stimulation techniques enable measurement of LTP- and LTD-like mechanisms of plasticity, in vivo, in humans, and may thus provide valuable insights. We examined the effects of a 40-s train of continuous theta-burst stimulation (cTBS) to the motor cortex (600 stimuli, three pulses at 50 Hz applied at a frequency of 5 Hz) on cortico-spinal excitability as measured by the motor evoked potentials (MEPs) induced by single-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation before and after cTBS in the contralateral first dorsal interosseus muscle. Thirty-six healthy individuals aged 19–81 years old were studied in two sites (Boston, USA and Barcelona, Spain). The findings did not differ across study sites. We found that advancing age is negatively correlated with the duration of the effect of cTBS (r = −0.367; p = 0.028) and the overall amount of corticomotor

Topic: Botany, Ecology, and Taxonomy Studies
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Affect and Ethics in Mike Malloy’s Insure the Life of an Ant

This essay examines a little-known but important installation entitled Insure the Life of an Ant, conceived by artist Mike Malloy and displayed at the O.K. Harris Gallery in New York in April of 1972. This provocative and idiosyncratic piece confronted gallery-goers, who became viewer–participants, with the option of killing or saving a live ant displayed like a sculpture on a pedestal, either by pushing a button or not. The artist made the piece, which can function almost like a psychology experiment, to engender a “moral dilemma”. I explore the particular role of affect in a participatory art installation, distinct from response to inanimate art. I investigate the roles of emotion and reason in dealing with the work; whether ratiocination can be considered an “anti-affect”; and how the tension between competing thoughts and feelings helped create a psychological drama. The essay looks at how an art space can operate as a zone of moral exceptionalism to encourage questionable actions. It also locates the piece in relation to the emergence of a more behaviorist art in the early 1970s, as discussed by critic Gregory Battcock, and the larger notion of postmodernism. Other contexts investigated include art and animal rights and issues of sentience and speciesism; social and military violence, including capital punishment and the Vietnam War; the 1961 Milgram experiment; Hannah Arendt’s concept of the “banality of evil” as a Nazi war criminal defense; and other works of art involving maltreatment or violence toward both human and non-human animals, including those by Marina Abramović, Marco Evaristti, and Edward and Nancy Reddin Kienholz.

Topic: Gothic Literature and Media Analysis
Subfield: Cultural Studies
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
TO THE MATTER OF STUDYING SHYNESS IN A CONTEXT OF STUDENTS’ INTERCULTURAL ADJUSTMENT

The article considers the theoretical background for studying the conection between shyness as a personality trait and students’ intercultural adjustment. One of the principal goals of the contemporary educational systems is to stimulate knowledge and cultural interchange and form a multicultural educational environment. The adjustment of foreign students to a new culture as well as to the educational process is realized through communication, therefore the personality traits related to social interaction are expected to give their contribution to this process. Shyness as a personality trait has been conceptualized mostly based on the western empirical research. Many neurological, physiological, psychological, social and cultural correlates have been brought to light. Among the contemporary lines of investigation on shyness it is important to emphasize the role of this feature in different social interactions and circumstances. Nevertheless, the association of shyness and the intercultural adjustment hasn’t been considered in studies up to now. In the present article the authors tried to mark out the main points of contiguity of these two phenomena and ground the potential of this line of investigation.

Topic: Education and Professional Development
Subfield: Education
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences