jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Desiccation-Tolerance in Lichens: A Review

Desiccation-tolerance, the ability to revive from the air-dried state, is found in prokaryotes, algae and bryophytes, and occasionally in pteridophytes, but is very rare in the vegetative tissues of angiosperms or in animal tissues. However, the vast majority of lichens are desiccation-tolerant. Under natural conditions, the life of most lichens is characterized by rapidly changing water contents, and correspondingly rapidly changing physiological activity such as respiration and photosynthesis. Taken to the extreme, some lichens can revive after being desiccated under controlled laboratory conditions for many months. As a result of their desiccation-tolerance, lichens are extremophiles and can live in places no higher plant can. They may be the predominant life-form in ecosystems characterized by severe environmental stresses such as Arctic, Antarctic and alpine regions, as well as deserts. This review critically assesses our current knowledge about desiccation-tolerance in lichens, concentrating on mechanisms that protect from desiccation-induced damage. Evidence available from other desiccation-tolerant life-forms suggests that desiccation-tolerance is a multifaceted trait involving a suite of interacting mechanisms. The majority of recent studies on mechanisms of lichen desiccation-tolerance have focused on the scavenging of reactive oxygen species, which therefore forms a major part of this review. It is argued that effective control of reactive oxygen species and mutual up-regulation of protective mechanisms was critically important for the evolution of lichens, facilitating the transition from free-living fungi and green algae or cyanobacteria to the lichenized state. Recently developed tools of molecular biology, particularly from the -omics disciplines, have only just started to be applied to lichens. There remain many unsolved questions as to how lichens survive desiccation and the authors hope to encourage more scientists to investigate this intriguing phenomenon.

Topic: Lichen and fungal ecology
Subfield: Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Framework for Aggregating Interactive Multi-Criteria for Web-Based Applications Using Fuzzy Measure and 2-Additive Choquet Integral

Web-based Application (WBA) quality is hard to evaluate because it consists of multiple criteria to be measured. Researchers have developed software quality models that were intended to be comprehensive and applicable to all software development. However, most of the works that focus on the quality model do not reference the aggregation methods used to calculate the values of the different element of the model. In fact, the aggregation methods are not really discussed in the literatures related to software quality. Although the need for a sound methodology is widely recognised, previous researchers generally avoid the use of multi-criteria decision method and mostly dealt with the simplest form of aggregation, which is categorized under additive approach. This approach presents some drawbacks, some do not posses all desirable properties and some seem to be restrictive. As a result they tend to construct independent criteria, or criteria that are supposed to be so, which caused some bias effect in the evaluation.&#13;\nThe purpose of this research is to establish a multi-criteria aggregation framework to evaluate WBA that would allow evaluator to incorporate interaction behaviour in the aggregation process. Firstly, the relationships between quality criteria were investigated using survey and correlation studies. The studies have confirmed that there exist positive, negative or neutral relationships between software quality criteria. Based on the relationships identified, the interactions of quality criteria are modelled using fuzzy measure approach. Secondly, the produced fuzzy measures are integrated into the 2-additive Choquet Integral to aggregate the multi quality criteria values. Besides that, the relative importance of each quality factor and the Web preference also play an important role in determining the overall evaluation. Case studies of three different domains of WBA were conducted to validate the proposed aggregation procedure. The overall results of 2-additive Choquet integral are compared against the additive model approach. Consequently, results of the 2-additive Choquet integral have shown that the ranking of overall evaluation results reflect the earlier preference stated by the evaluator compared to the additive model approaches. The fuzzy measure modelling has allowed the incorporation of interaction exist between the quality criteria to be considered in the aggregation process. The results are also consistent with the additive model approach when no interaction exists.

Topic: Software Engineering Research
Subfield: Information Systems
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Analysing enablers of knowledge management in improving logistics capabilities of Indian organisations: a TISM approach

Purpose This study aims to identify and analyse the main enablers of knowledge management (KM) in improving the logistics capabilities of Indian organisations and develop a model based on the contextual relationship among the identified enablers. Design/methodology/approach Initially, this study uses a systematic literature review and questionnaire-based survey approach to identify the enablers of KM; and later, total interpretive structural modelling (TISM) was used to evolve mutual relationships among the identified 11 enablers for developing a hierarchical model. Findings The results of the analysis show that enablers, namely, organisational structure and leadership, application of advanced information and communication system, collaboration with established stakeholders and organisational learning and innovative approaches are identified as main enablers for improving the logistics capabilities of Indian organisations. Research limitations/implications This study provides useful implications for the researchers working on exploring the role of KM enablers in improving the logistics capabilities of organisations. Practical implications This study provides rich practical implications for the manufacturers, supply chain managers, logistics service providers and logistics consultants involved in the decision-making process. They can focus majorly on knowledge creation and knowledge storage processes to improve the logistics performance of their respective organisations. Originality/value This study is an attempt to identify the enablers of KM that could improve the logistics capabilities of Indian organisations. The application of the TISM method to develop a theoretical framework is the novel contribution of this study.

Topic: Quality and Supply Management
Subfield: Management Information Systems
Field: Business, Management and Accounting
Domain: Social Sciences
Design of a magnetic particle imaging integrated with magnetic hyperthermia by aiming at pediatric cancer treatment

Magnetic Particle Imaging (MPI) is an emerging non-invasive medical imaging method capable of determining the concentration and spatial distribution of superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) nanoparticles. Ongoing research is exploring technology to estimate the temperature of particles based on MPI signals. In magnetic hyperthermia treatment, volumetric temperature measurement is crucial for ensuring the safety of healthy tissues. While the efficacy of magnetic hyperthermia and simulation-based methods for estimating temperature and damage is now recognized, no prior studies have reported a human-sized MPI system that integrates hyperthermia and MPI. Such integration could potentially allow for non-invasive treatments. In this paper, we present the design and manufacture of a theranostic platform with the potential for MPI, magnetic hyperthermia and thermometry. The development of such technology could greatly extend the application of MPI in planning magnetic hyperthermia treatments.

Topic: Characterization and Applications of Magnetic Nanoparticles
Subfield: Biomedical Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
The structural and motivational role of the unique lip‐flip movement in the gelada (<scp><i>Theropithecus gelada</i></scp>) facial display repertoire

Abstract Objectives Human language represents an extreme form of communicative complexity. Primate facial display complexity, which depends upon facial mobility, can be used as a model for the study of the evolution of communicative complexity. The gelada ( Theropithecus gelada ) is the only primate that can produce a lip‐flip eversion. This study investigates the role of the lip‐flip relative to the bared‐teeth display to understand its role in generating communicative complexity. Materials and methods We reviewed videos of gelada social interactions. We utilized the facial action coding system (FACS) to define structural component action units (AUs) of each display. We inferred display motivation from the behaviors of the display sender. Results The lip‐flip was used only in combination with the essential AUs of the bared‐teeth display, serving as an optional structural element added to produce a structural variant. Both the bared‐teeth display with and without a lip‐flip occurred most frequently with nonaggressive, submissive behaviors. The lip‐flip was more frequently preceded by approach than the bared‐teeth display, especially in males. The lip‐flip was also present in the majority of structurally blended facial displays though the motivation of the non‐lip‐flip parent display often dominated. Discussion The lip‐flip may potentially function as an indicator of benign intent after an approach or as an intensifying component of nonaggressive intent. Adaptations to increase facial mobility in geladas via facilitating the lip‐flip may promote increased communicative complexity through increased conspicuousness and motivational signaling specification or intensification.

Topic: Primate Behavior and Ecology
Subfield: Social Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Cultural Psychology: Implications for Basic Psychological Theory

A theoretical argument for the importance of culture in psychological explanation is offered. It is maintained that the view that culture is integral to psychological theory rests on a meaning-based view of culture and on the recognition that culture is necessary in individual psychological development. Research on cognition and on the self is discussed briefly to illustrate ways in which work in cultural psychology is contributing to basic psychological theory. In future research, greater attention needs to be given to developing more sensitive understandings of culture and to incorporating these understandings in the constructs and methods of the discipline. In conclusion, cultural psychology is shown to represent a perspective to bring to bear in all types of psychological inquiry. While building on existing work in the field, cultural psychology offers an alternative vision that underscores respects in which psychological development represents an open, culturally mediated process.

Topic: Cultural Differences and Values
Subfield: Social Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
TMOD-28. AUTHENTIC HUMAN GLIOMA MODELING USING GENETICALLY ENGINEERED INDUCED PLURIPOTENT STEM CELLS

Abstract Many mouse and human glioma models have been utilized to study the genetic alterations involved in the genesis of these tumors, but they have not been fully evaluated for how closely they recapitulate pathobiology, including tumor heterogeneity, which is an inherent feature making patient treatment difficult. Here we present new glioma models using genetically engineered human pluripotent stem cells, in which authentic pathobiology is recapitulated through precision gene editing. Specifically, we show that neural progenitor cells (NPCs) derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), with different combinations of genetic drivers introduced by CRISPR/Cas9-mediated editing give rise to distinct intracranial tumors recapitulating authentic pathobiology of the disease when engrafted in immunocompromised mice. NPCs deficient in PTEN and NF1, a genotype associated with the mesenchymal molecular subtype, and NPCs deficient in TP53 and expressing a PDGFRA activating mutation (PDGFRAΔ8–9), a genotype associated with the proneural glioblastoma molecular subtype, give rise to distinct tumors resembling glioblastoma. Both models presented inter and intra-tumor heterogeneity based on single-cell RNA sequencing, with the former model showing proneural signature and the latter a mesenchymal signature, and both having different degrees of cycling, and stem cell-enriched populations. The TP53/PDGFRA model had more clonal variability related with striking karyotype abnormalities including extrachromosomal DNA. Additionally, we expanded this approach to pediatric gliomas. Brainstem tumors derived from NPCs introduced with TP53 R248Q and H3F3A K27M mutations presented features of glial tumors with global expression of histone H3 K27M accompanied by suppression of histone H3K27 trimethylation, compatible with H3 K27M-mutant pediatric diffuse midline glioma. Using these isogenic human brain tumor models, we aim to advance our understanding of the pathobiology associated with different driver mutations and further, to provide a platform for development of targeted therapy.

Topic: CRISPR and Genetic Engineering
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Type Appraisal: III. Relationships of First Lactation Production and Type Traits with Lifetime Performance

Phenotypic and genetic correlations were estimated between 48 type appraisal traits and first lactation milk production to determine the importance of appraisal traits in a breeding program from 5,024 records from the New York type appraisal program.Most phenotypic correlations amgng the type traits were near zero.Depth of udder was the appraisal trait having the highest correlation with first lactation milk (.27) and fat (.23).Multiple correlations of all appraisal traits with first lactation milk and fat were .44 and .40.Correlations with lifetime variables were calculated from 2,068 records meeting time qualifications.Of the first lactation variables, milk yield had the highest correlation with lifetime milk (.34), and fat yield had the highest correlation with number of lactations (.21).All appraisal traits combined were as effective as production variables in predicting number of lactations.Genetic correlations suggested that bulls that sire daughters with high production tend to sire daughters with weaker udder attachments.High genetic correlations between first lactation production and lifetime performance support the utility of selection on first lactation production.

Topic: Genetic and phenotypic traits in livestock
Subfield: Genetics
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Hyaluronic Acid and Polyethylene Glycol Hybrid Hydrogel Encapsulating Nanogel with Hemostasis and Sustainable Antibacterial Property for Wound Healing

Immediate hemorrhage control and anti-infection play important roles in the wound management. Besides, a moist environment is also beneficial for wound healing. Hydrogels are promising materials in urgent hemostasis and drug release. However, hydrogels have the disadvantage of rapid release profiles, leading to the exposure to high drug concentrations. In this study, we constructed hybrid hydrogels with rapid hemostasis and sustainable antibacterial property combining aminoethyl methacrylate hyaluronic acid (HA-AEMA) and methacrylated methoxy polyethylene glycol (mPEG-MA) hybrid hydrogels and chlorhexidine diacetate (CHX)-loaded nanogels. The CHX-loaded nanogels (CLNs) were prepared by the enzyme degradation of CHX-loaded lysine-based hydrogels. The HA-AEMA and mPEG-MA hybrid hydrogel loaded with CLNs (labeled as Gel@CLN) displayed a three-dimensional microporous structure and exhibited excellent swelling, mechanical property, and low cytotoxicity. The Gel@CLN hydrogel showed a prolonged release period of CHX over 240 h and the antibacterial property over 10 days. The hemostasis and wound-healing properties were evaluated in vivo using a mouse model. The results showed that hydrogel had the rapid hemostasis capacity and accelerated wound healing. In summary, CLN-loaded hydrogels may be excellent candidates as hemostasis and anti-infection materials for the wound dressing application.

Topic: Wound Healing and Treatments
Subfield: Rehabilitation
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Distribution of Family Practitioners and Other Specialists in Texas, 1973 to 1980

A follow-up study was conducted at The University of Texas Southwestern Medical School at Dallas to document the changes in the geographic distribution of family/general practitioners and other medical specialists in Texas between 1973 and 1980. Results of the analysis suggest that more physicians are choosing to locate in sparsely populated areas of the state. This trend is a reversal of the pattern established in an earlier study and seems to indicate an improvement in the access to medical care for residents of small communities in Texas.

Topic: Healthcare Policy and Management
Subfield: Economics and Econometrics
Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance
Domain: Social Sciences
Non-Verbal Communication Analysis in Victim-Offender Mediations

In this paper we present a non-invasive ambient intelligence framework for the semi-automatic analysis of non-verbal communication applied to the restorative justice field. In particular, we propose the use of computer vision and social signal processing technologies in real scenarios of Victim-Offender Mediations, applying feature extraction techniques to multi-modal audio-RGB-depth data. We compute a set of behavioral indicators that define communicative cues from the fields of psychology and observational methodology. We test our methodology on data captured in real world Victim-Offender Mediation sessions in Catalonia in collaboration with the regional government. We define the ground truth based on expert opinions when annotating the observed social responses. Using different state-of-the-art binary classification approaches, our system achieves recognition accuracies of 86% when predicting satisfaction, and 79% when predicting both agreement and receptivity. Applying a regression strategy, we obtain a mean deviation for the predictions between 0.5 and 0.7 in the range [1-5] for the computed social signals.

Topic: Anomaly Detection Techniques and Applications
Subfield: Artificial Intelligence
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
[Aspects of demographic decentralization in some regions of Southern Italy].

The author analyzes spatial mobility in continental Southern Italy in order to establish the extent of urban decentralization in the region. She concludes that such decentralization is occurring throughout the region, but in different forms and with different effects for individual locations. (SUMMARY IN ENG AND FRE)

Topic: Migration, Aging, and Tourism Studies
Subfield: Demography
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Market segmentation: strategies for success

Despite the well‐documented benefits which segmentation offers, businesses continue to encounter implementation difficulties. This raises concerns about the cause of these problems and how they might be overcome. These concerns are addressed in this paper in the form of three questions: Is segmentation a good idea? If segmentation is such a good idea, why does it sometimes fail? What can be done to reduce the chance of failure? A mix of published evidence and case examples is used to explore these questions. The paper concludes by suggesting that if marketers are to overcome their segmentation implementation difficulties, they need practical guidance at three stages in the segmentation process. Before the project begins they must understand the role of success factors contributing to a successful result. During the segmentation project the qualities of the emerging segments must be clarified. After segmentation is complete the question of segment attractiveness must be considered. There is currently a gulf between the priorities of academics and practitioners carrying out segmentation. If this is to be bridged, further research is needed to provide guidance on segmentation success factors.

Topic: Customer Service Quality and Loyalty
Subfield: Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management
Field: Business, Management and Accounting
Domain: Social Sciences
Scoping review of exposure questionnaires and surveys in interstitial lung disease

Background Many interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) have clear causal relationships with environmental and occupational exposures. Exposure identification can assist with diagnosis, understanding disease pathogenesis, prognostication and prevention of disease progression and occurrence in others at risk. Despite the importance of exposure identification in ILD, there is no standardised assessment approach. Many questionnaires are in clinical and research use, yet their utility, applicability, relevance and performance characteristics are unknown. Objectives This scoping review aimed to summarise the available evidence relating to ILD exposure assessment questionnaires, identify research gaps and inform the content for a future single evidence-based ILD questionnaire. Methods A scoping review based on Arksey and O’Malley’s methodological framework was conducted. Eligibility criteria: Any questionnaire that elicited exposures specific to ILD was included. A modified COSMIN Risk of Bias Framework was used to assess quality. Sources of evidence: Relevant articles were identified from MEDLINE and EMBASE up to 23 July 2023. Results 22 exposure questionnaires were identified, including 15 generally pertaining to ILD, along with several disease-specific questionnaires for hypersensitivity pneumonitis (n=4), chronic beryllium disease, sarcoidosis and silicosis (1 questionnaire each). For most questionnaires, quality was low, whereby the methods used to determine exposure inclusion and questionnaire validation were not reported or not performed. Collectively the questionnaires covered 158 unique exposures and at-risk occupations, most commonly birds, mould/water damage, wood dust, asbestos, farming, automotive mechanic and miners. Only five questionnaires also provided free-text fields, and 13 queried qualifiers such as temporality or respiratory protection. Conclusions Designing a robust ILD-specific questionnaire should include an evidence-based and relevance-based approach to exposure derivation, with clinicians and patients involved in its development and tested to ensure relevance and feasibility.

Topic: Interstitial Lung Diseases and Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis
Subfield: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences