jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Estimation and Classification of Physical Parameters Pumpkins (Cucurbita pepo L.) Crop S by Soft Computing Tecniques

Determining the seed type is very important for the correct indentification of genetic material. Some plant seeds can not be classified based on their visual diversity or small size by experts. Therefore, in this study was to develop a simple, accurate and rapid using different soft computing tecniques that estimates physical parameters for pumpkin seeds. The current investigation was devoted to determining some properties, such as physical dimensions, surface area, sphericity, density, rupture energy of pumpkin seeds. The methods using in this study are; (1) Multilayer perceptron (MLP); (2) Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference Systems (ANFIS). Different statistic parameters such as coffecient of determination (R2), root mean square error (RMSE), mean absolute error (MAE) are used to evaluate performance of the methods. These selected the best models predicted for plant seeds which can be used in the soft computing tecniques determined alternative approach to estimating the physical properties of estimation and clasification pumpkin seeds.

Topic: Leaf Properties and Growth Measurement
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Securing Optimized Code Against Power Side Channels

Side-channel attacks impose a serious threat to cryptographic algorithms, including widely employed ones, such as AES and RSA. These attacks take advantage of the algorithm implementation in hardware or software to extract secret information via side channels. Software masking is a mitigation approach against power side-channel attacks aiming at hiding the secret-revealing dependencies from the power footprint of a vulnerable implementation. However, this type of software mitigation often depends on general-purpose compilers, which do not preserve non-functional properties. Moreover, microarchitectural features, such as the memory bus and register reuse, may also leak secret information. These abstractions are not visible at the high-level implementation of the program. Instead, they are decided at compile time. To remedy these problems, security engineers often sacrifice code efficiency by turning off compiler optimization and/or performing local, post-compilation transformations. This paper proposes Secure by Construction Code Generation (SecCG), a constraint-based compiler approach that generates optimized yet secure against power side channels code. SecCG controls the quality of the mitigated program by efficiently searching the best possible low-level implementation according to a processor cost model. In our experiments with twelve masked cryptographic functions up to 100 lines of code on Mips32 and ARM Thumb, SecCG speeds up the generated code from 75% to 8 times compared to non-optimized secure code with an overhead of up to 7% compared to non-secure optimized code at the expense of a high compilation cost. In summary, this paper proposes a formal model to generate power side channel free low-level code.

Topic: Cryptographic Implementations and Security
Subfield: Artificial Intelligence
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Application of composted coirpith at different times on the nutrient uptake and yield of rice (Oryza sativa)

Of the various organic agricultural (Typic Haplustalf), neutral in reactions (pH wastes, coirpith is one which has immense 7.9) having low soluble salts (electrical con- potential of supplementing the nutritional ductivity 0.1 dS/m). requirements of crops (Ramaswami and Ko- The experiment laid out in randomized thandaraman, 1985). Higher yield of rice block design with 4 replications consisted 8 with composted coirpith at 12.5 tonnestha treatments (Table 1). Coirpith was applied was reported by Clarson (1983), Nagarajan basally @ 12.5 tonnestha and incorporated et al. (1986), Kandiannan (1988) and Gana- well into the soil 2 days before planting. All pathi (1991), but there is lack of sufficient the plots received a cornmTn dose of 120 kg information on the pattern of yield and nu- Ntha through urea and 60 kg P,O,/ha as trient uptake by rice when coirpith compost- superphosphate and 60 kg K,O/ha in the ed for different periods is to be applied to the form of muriate of potash. Half of N and full soil. Therefore field experiment was con- dose of P20, and K20 were applied basally. ducted with ADT 36 rice (Oryza sativa L.) The remaining half of N was applied in 2 during the rainy season at Agricultural Col- equal splits (one at maximum tillering and lege Farm, Madurai, on sandy-clay loam soil the other at panick-initiation stage). At

Topic: Agricultural Science and Fertilization
Subfield: Soil Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Choroidal Involvement in Erdheim-Chester Disease

Erdheim-Chester disease is a rare infiltrative disorder of non-Langerhans cell histiocytes, which affects multiple organs, including bone, heart, lungs, orbits, central nervous system (CNS), pituitary gland, and retroperitoneum. Bone affliction is almost universal in these patients and, to a lesser degree, the CNS, retroperitoneum, and other tissues. Eye involvement is typically retro-orbital or periorbital. This case report describes a 48-year-old patient who presented with reduced vision in the left eye and no other complaints. Fundus examination revealed a choroidal mass in the macula. The authors believe that this might be the second case of choroidal involvement in Erdheim-Chester disease. [ Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina. 2015;46:674–676.]

Topic: Histiocytic Disorders and Treatments
Subfield: Physiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Single molecule fluorescence imaging of biosensors, ribozymes and molecular spiders

Single molecule fluorescence imaging has been developed in recent times to expand our understanding of the heterogeneity and biological mechanisms of molecular ensembles. In this dissertation, such imaging techniques, along with ensemble fluorescence spectroscopy tools have been used to investigate three systems of nucleic acid enzymes. An engineered biosensor built from a theophylline aptamer and the hammerhead ribozyme (termed an aptazyme) was scrutinized using single molecule fluorescence resonance energy transfer (smFRET) and ensemble fluorescence studies. It was found that a catalytically active state is accessed both in the theophylline-bound and, if less frequently, in the ligand-free state. The resultant residual activity (leakage) in the absence of theophylline contributes to the limited dynamic range (<100 fold) observed for the aptazyme. In addition, slow conformational rearrangements dampen the speed in which the catalytically active conformation is accessed. In contrast, the only known naturally occurring aptazyme uses a chemical cofactor to instantaneously trigger catalysis (with a 100,000 fold activation range), rather than the slower rearrangement of an inactive into an active structure. To examine the effects of the U-turn of the hepatitis delta virus (HDV) ribozyme, recently found to be at the heart of the ribozyme’s catalytic core, both DNA and RNA ligase mediated methods were evaluated to assemble the ribozyme from chemical synthesized fragments. Upon successful assembly of the ribozyme, preliminary smFRET studies were performed revealing global dynamics and heterogeneity promising to unveil new insight into the functional role of the U-turn. Recently designed nano-robots called Molecular Spiders use nucleic acid enzymes as “fuel” to traverse on a specific two-dimensional landscape. In this thesis, individual Spider movement was surveyed by single fluorescent particle tracking. Two-dimensional Spider movement was followed in real-time, providing evidence for the previously hypothesized model that Spiders move in a self-repellent autonomous (cybernetic) walk. These nano-walkers represent potential drug delivery vehicles with the ability to understand and follow external cues. Overall, the work presented in this dissertation has illuminated the suitability of single particle fluorescence techniques to monitor the functional behavior and heterogeneity of single nucleic-acid based molecules ranging from biosensors and small catalytic ribozymes to novel molecular nano-robots.

Topic: Advanced biosensing and bioanalysis techniques
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Two Thousand Teachers View Their Profession

Popular press articles suggest that many schools are unrewarding and threatening environments. If this is so, teachers must find them unpleasant places in which to work. This study surveyed 2,223 teachers across 29 states to assess their attitudes on a number of aspects of their schools. The NSSE Teacher Opinion Survey was used. The results showed that overall teachers were pleased with their circumstances. They gave highest ratings to items classified as overall job satisfaction, next highest to student discipline, then curriculum and instruction. Lowest ratings went to school-community relations, but even this was above the scale midpoint. Generally, teachers were more positive than negative about their teaching situation.

Topic: Teacher Education and Leadership Studies
Subfield: Education
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Higher vs. Lower DP for Ventilated Patients with Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Objectives . Driving pressure (DP) has recently become a promising mediator for the identification of the effects of mechanical ventilation on outcomes in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). The aim of this study was to systematically and quantitatively update and assess the association between DP and mortality among ventilated patients with ARDS. Methods . PubMed, the Cochrane Library, ISI Web of Knowledge, and Embase were systematically searched from inception to June 2018. Two investigators conducted the literature search study selection, data extraction, and quality evaluation independently. RevMan 5.3 software was used for all statistical analyses. Results . A total of seven studies comprising 8010 patients were included in this meta-analysis. Higher DP showed a significant association with higher mortality (pooled risk ratio, 1.10; 95% [CI], 1.05–1.16; I 2 =58%). Sensitivity analysis indicated that one study significantly affected the stability of pooled results. One of the subgroups investigated, ARDS severity, could account for the heterogeneity. An exploratory post hoc subgroup analysis and higher DP significantly increased mortality in the mild to severe ARDS subgroup (RR 1.28; 95% [CI], 1.14–1.43; I 2 =0), but not in the moderate to severe ARDS subgroup (RR 1.18; 95% [CI], 0.95–1.46; I 2 =52%). Conclusion . Higher DP was significantly associated with an increased risk of death among ventilated patients with ARDS. But it did not seem to predict prognosis to moderate to severe ARDS. Future prospective randomized clinical trials are needed to verify the results of this meta-analysis and address the unresolved questions about optimum cutoff values for DP. Trial Registration . This trial is registered with PROSPERO ( CRD42018102146 ), on 11 August 2018.

Topic: Respiratory Support and Mechanisms
Subfield: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Business: First commercial lab-on-a-chip

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNewsNEXTBusiness: First commercial lab-on-a-chipCite this: Anal. Chemi. 1999, 71, 21, 731APublication Date (Web):June 7, 2011Publication History Published online7 June 2011Published inissue 1 November 1999https://doi.org/10.1021/ac990732dRIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views79Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (1 MB) Get e-AlertsSUBJECTS:Lab-on-a-chip Get e-Alerts

Topic: Diatoms and Algae Research
Subfield: Biomaterials
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Personal Information, Borders, and the New Surveillance Studies

This article reviews and critiques recent scholarship on surveillance and communication technology that involves the crossing of personal information borders. A Sociology of Information framework focusing on the normative elements is proposed as a way to integrate this variegated field. Empirical analysis is particularly needed to test the claims of surveillance scholars, and we suggest some hypotheses. The article concludes with a consideration of conflicting values and empirical trends that make this such a challenging field and suggests some “moral mandates” to guide research in the crossing of personal informational borders, whether this involves individual privacy and accountability or broader social concerns.

Topic: Privacy, Security, and Data Protection
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Maternal and child health deteriorates in developing world.

Although increasing numbers of women and children are utilizing health care services in the Third World, health indicators fail to show the expected improvement and, in Africa, maternal-child health status continues to deteriorate. The risk of maternal mortality for African women 15-44 years of age is 1 in 23. Worldwide, there are 4.2 million infant deaths each year and 17% of infants are low birth weight. In response to this situation, the WHO's Executive Board plans to require evidence of program performance and high quality of care as a prerequisite for any major investments in maternal and newborn health care. WHO estimates that improvements in the quality of care of women and children already enrolled in health services could reduce mortality by as much as 50%. Large numbers of health workers fail to test for anemia or measure blood pressure; in other cases, these essential tasks cannot be performed because of a lack of equipment and supplies. Inequities in access to care remain a major problem; however, even when services are available, many women do not use them because of culturally insensitive staff or a nonresponsiveness to community needs. WHO is calling, in addition, for an increased commitment throughout the health system to family planning, more attention to training health workers, improvements in the quality of maternal-child health care at district-based stations, and application of standard WHO methods in the diagnosis and treatment of common maternal-child conditions.

Topic: Global Maternal and Child Health
Subfield: Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Understanding context, agency and process in the health of homeless young women in Glasgow: a qualitative study

The health experiences, and the lived experiences in general, of homeless young women have largely been overlooked. In seeking to redress this situation, the research findings presented in this thesis support those from other homelessness studies; the sample's health was poor. However, drawing upon a wider range of research traditions than is normally the case, conceiving health in terms of physical, mental and social well-being, and employing qualitative methods to facilitate verstehen of the epiphanies and processes involved in the outcome of 'homelessness', the meanings these lived experiences had engendered, and the lifeworld of 'homeless' young women, this study problematises the rather biomedical orientation of most homelessness and ill-health studies. The fundamental argument presented is that homelessness and poor health outcomes are products of the same iniquitous structures that affect a much greater population, yet the medicalisation of homelessness has served to obscure this and reinforce difference. Accordingly, the concepts of social exclusion, youth transitions and identity in late modernity provide a normative 'way of seeing' the experience of homelessness and its relationship with health. By simply conceiving the subjects of research as cognisant and purposive agents whose lived experiences are rooted in the structures and processes of exclusion inherent in late modernity, yet mediated by the affective body, the importance of acknowledging relativity, as a social concept in homelessness research is demonstrated. This is accomplished by exploring the sample's lived experiences as the contexts within which their health meanings and actions are informed and effected. It is shown that 'homelessness', portrayed by the sample as a stage of transition between the structured limitations of the past and their aspirations for the future, does not only produce negative health outcomes.

Topic: Homelessness and Social Issues
Subfield: General Health Professions
Field: Health Professions
Domain: Health Sciences
Self-Supervised Sketch-to-Image Synthesis

Imagining a colored realistic image from an arbitrary-drawn sketch is one of human capabilities that we eager machines to mimic. Unlike previous methods that either require the sketch-image pairs or utilize low-quantity detected edges as sketches, we study the exemplar-based sketch-to-image (s2i) synthesis task in a self-supervised learning manner, eliminating the necessity of the paired sketch data. To this end, we first propose an unsupervised method to efficiently synthesize line-sketches for general RGB-only datasets. With the synthetic paired-data, we then present a self-supervised Auto-Encoder (AE) to decouple the content/style features from sketches and RGB-images, and synthesize images both content-faithful to the sketches and style-consistent to the RGB-images. While prior works employ either the cycle-consistence loss or dedicated attentional modules to enforce the content/style fidelity, we show AE's superior performance with pure self-supervisions. To further improve the synthesis quality in high resolution, we also leverage an adversarial network to refine the details of synthetic images. Extensive experiments on $1024^2$ resolution demonstrate a new state-of-art-art performance of the proposed model on CelebA-HQ and Wiki-Art datasets. Moreover, with the proposed sketch generator, the model shows a promising performance on style mixing and style transfer, which the synthesized images are not only style-consistent but also semantically meaningful.

Topic: Generative Adversarial Networks and Image Synthesis
Subfield: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
El profesorado en formación de Ciencias Sociales y las TICs: situación y perspectivas

This article is focused on the description of the future teachers of Social Sciences\n(Geography and History) in Secondary Schools situation concerning their knowledge level\non informatics and as users of the ICT in the context of the current Knowledge-based\nSociety. This will help to fix strategies regarding teachers training and education for future\nteachers and for their future students at schools.\nThe research is based on a questionnaire filled in by nearly a hundred of university\nstudents of the subject Didactics on Social Sciences, Geography and History within the\nCurso de Aptitud Pedagógica (Course for teachers training and education) of the Alicante\nUniversity (Spain) in 2004. The results are not as good as expected regarding the university\nstudents¿ previous knowledge on the research issues but at least their attitude concerning the\nICT possibilities for teachers training in Social Sciences are quite encouraging.

Topic: Subterranean biodiversity and taxonomy
Subfield: Paleontology
Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences
Domain: Physical Sciences
Sacred Memories: Creative Art Therapy for Children in Grief

&lt;p&gt;This paper explores the creative opportunities children might have to attend to their emotions and feelings following the death of a parent, grandparent or close friend. It presents the position that often children are left out of the process of caring for an adult when they are terminally ill and that has long term psychological implications. It also suggests that this has antecedents for the white New Zealand culture that were noted historically. Hospice palliative care services in New Zealand identify the need to be proactive in their holistic care for the family when a person is dying and this care must include the family which invariably includes children. In this research the author describes a personal journey that has shaped her current work as a hospice practice manager. She has chosen to highlight a neglected aspect in services in New Zealand. The writer explores literature in psychological aspects of removing children from the dying room, creative therapies and the importance of sacred memories for the living child to be enfolded in through their life. The need to create memory that will embrace the child as a cloak enfolds them in their crisis stimulated the writer to offer a text in the personal narrative form. This text is presented in this form to enable other clinicians to access their own memories as survivors of grief in their own families. Through enabling children and family to explore the importance of relating in the palliative phase of a person’s life journey it is suggested that doors open that build good memories for the survivors. I regard my specific form of interest as pursuing the idea of building memory creative ‘corners’ and fun experiences for children at my work. The reasons why such an experience would be beneficial now and in the future for children and their families will be the focus for conducting my literature research. Children were important in the final days of her father’s life. He directed the family to accept the roles he saw would be theirs. Memories became their treasures.&lt;/p&gt;

Topic: Grief, Bereavement, and Mental Health
Subfield: Clinical Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences