jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Some IPM Modules Against Red Ant &lt;i&gt;Dorylus Orientalis&lt;/i&gt; Westwood in Potato

Field experiments were conducted at Charaibahi village, Jorhat, Assam during 2015-17 to evaluate six ecofriendly IPM modules against red ants Dorylus orientalis Westwood in potato. Among the modules evaluated, Module-II (pre sowing treatment of mustard oil cake @ 150 kg/ ha+ wood ash 150 kg/ ha+ panchagavya @ 3% and soil drenching with neem oil @ 5 ml/ lit after 1st and 2nd earthing up (25 and 60 DAS) recorded the lowest tuber damage both in weight (8.65%) and number (10.70%) basis and found at par with the recommended package of practices (RPP) (application of malathion 5% dust @ 40 kg/ ha+ mustard oil cake @ 150 kg/ ha in the soil after 1st and 2nd earthing up) recording 8.18 and 10.20% tuber damage, respectively. The same module also recorded highest tuber yield (119.37 q/ ha) which was at par with the RPP (120.12 q/ ha). The maximum benefit cost ratio (1.41) was recorded in RPP followed by Module-II (1.33) and Module-VI (1.26). The untreated control plot registered a very high level of tuber damage (25.93 and 28.70 on weight and number basis, respectively) having maximum population of red ants (3.95 numbers/ m2 ) with a tuber yield of 89.91 q/ ha.

Topic: Insect Pest Control Strategies
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
A FUNDAMENTAL STUDY ON THE DESIGN METHOD OF RUBBER AS A SHOCK ABSORBER

本研究は, 落橋防止用矩形状ゴム緩衝材の合理的な設計を簡易に行う手法について検討したものである. すなわち, 設計者が緩衝材に期待する衝撃荷重の低減効果とエネルギー吸収量を設定すれば, 3次元有限要素法によるゴムの大変形解析結果を用いて, 緩衝材として要求を満足する材質や寸法を決定する手法を提示した. また, 提示した設計手法により, 通常の硬度のゴム2種類を用いた場合の緩衝材の試設計を行った. さらに, 通常のゴム製緩衝材よりもエネルギー吸収能力が大きい積層繊維補強ゴムの適用についても検討を行った.

Topic: Advanced Materials and Mechanics
Subfield: Mechanical Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Structure of the Adenylcobamide Coenzyme: Degradation by Cyanide, Acid, and Light

This paper describes the effects of cyanide ion, mild acid hydrolysis, and visible light on the adenylcobamide coenzyme, required for the conversion of glutamate to ,B-methylaspartate by cell-free extracts of Clostridium tetanomorphum.

Topic: Metabolism and Genetic Disorders
Subfield: Clinical Biochemistry
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
The research on relationships between customers' perceived value and repurchase intention

The extent literature on customers' repurchase intention has provided little insight from customers' perceived value of website. Based on TAM, the theory of repurchase intention and the theory of customers' perceived value, the model proposes switching costs, belief and perceived usefulness of website as customers' perceived value that determine customers' repurchase intention. The proposed model is empirically tested by using data collected from a survey of 287 customers. Results show that switching costs, trust and perceived usefulness of website have positive effect on customers' repurchase intention. Finally, the findings provide understanding of the factors that measured repurchase intention success. At last, important theoretical and practical implications of these findings are discussed.

Topic: Customer Service Quality and Loyalty
Subfield: Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management
Field: Business, Management and Accounting
Domain: Social Sciences
Isolation and Characterization of Human Clonogenic Osteoblast Progenitors Immunoselected from Fetal Bone Marrow Stroma Using STRO-1 Monoclonal Antibody

Abstract Osteoprogenitor cells present in human fetal bone marrow (BM) stroma have not been characterized. We used density gradient centrifugation, aggregation on binding lectin, and enrichment by magnetic activated cell sorting with STRO-1 antibody to isolate STRO-1+ cells from nonadherent human fetal BM stromal cells. Immunoselected STRO-1+ cells were immortalized using SV-40 large T antigen and a clone, F/STRO-1+ A, with weak alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity was selected. The cloned cells proliferated rapidly but were not tumorigenic. Preconfluent F/STRO-1+ A cells showed immunoreactivity for osteopontin, α1(I) procollagen, and parathyroid hormone–related peptide, but not for the late osteoblast differentiation markers, osteocalcin (OC), or bone sialoprotein. However, differentiation of F/STRO-1+ A cells was induced by dexamethasone and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, as shown by increased ALP activity. In addition, osteogenesis occurred in F/STRO-1+ A cells cultured in three-dimentional aggregates, as assessed morphologically, histologically, and biochemically. Moreover, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analysis showed that OC expression was silent in exponentially growing cells and occurred when cell–cell contacts were established in monolayer and in aggregates, showing induction of mature osteoblast phenotype by cell–cell contacts. Thus, clonal F/STRO-1+ A cells immunoselected from human fetal BM stroma display features of immature osteoprogenitor cells which can differentiate into mature osteogenic cells by cell–cell interactions or inducing agents. The generation by immunoselection of an immortalized clonogenic human fetal BM stroma-derived cell line which behaves like an osteoprogenitor cell provides a novel model system for identifying the signals required for the commitment of osteoprogenitors in the human fetal BM stroma.

Topic: Mesenchymal stem cell research
Subfield: Genetics
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
FULLY AUTOMATED INTERACTIVE DIGITAL SYSTEM TO DESIGN METAL FRAMEWORK OF REMOVABLE PARTIAL DENTURES: SYSTEM SPECIFICATIONS AND APPLICATIONS IN TEACHING AND PATIENT MANAGEMENT

FULLY AUTOMATED INTERACTIVE DIGITAL SYSTEM TO DESIGN METAL FRAMEWORK OF REMOVABLE PARTIAL DENTURES: SYSTEM SPECIFICATIONS AND APPLICATIONS IN TEACHING AND PATIENT MANAGEMENT

Topic: Dental Research and COVID-19
Subfield: General Dentistry
Field: Dentistry
Domain: Health Sciences
Velamentous insertion of the umbilical cord in monochorionic triplet pregnancy: life-saving condition?

A 26-year-old gravida 2 para 1 woman had a monochorionic-triamniotic (MT) triplet pregnancy that was eventually terminated by emergency caesarean section at week 31 of gestation owing to rapid changes in cervical length. She was referred to our hospital at week 9, and a diagnosis of MT triplet

Topic: Assisted Reproductive Technology and Twin Pregnancy
Subfield: Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
From top to bottom represents measured flow, fraction of PO&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;–P (red) and other–P (green), and concentrations of P forms in residential runoff collected at 3-hour intervals over 56 sampling events from outflow pipe draining a residential catchment during an intensive sampling period of 1-week (June 16 to 23, 2008).

&lt;p&gt;From top to bottom represents measured flow, fraction of PO&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;–P (red) and other–P (green), and concentrations of P forms in residential runoff collected at 3-hour intervals over 56 sampling events from outflow pipe draining a residential catchment during an intensive sampling period of 1-week (June 16 to 23, 2008).&lt;/p&gt;

Topic: Wheat and Barley Genetics and Pathology
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
EKSTRAKSI GLUKOMANAN DARI UMBI PORANG (Amorphophallus paeniifolius (Dennst.) Nicolson)

This study aims to determine the temperature and the ratio of tuber flour porang using isopropyl alcohol precipitator in producing glucomannan extract with the highest yield. The study was designed using completely randomized design (CRD), which consists of two factors: the temperature of the extraction consists of seven levels (45, 55, 65, 75, 85, 95, and 105 0C) and the ratio of tuber flour porang by precipitating isopropyl alcohol consists of 5 level (1: 7, 1:10, 1:13, 1:16, and 1:19 (w/v). each done in duplicate. parameters measured were yield characteristics glucomannan and the results showed that the extraction of the best glucomannan obtained at a temperature of 95 0C with a yield of 41.614%. the ratio of starch tuber porang best isopropyl alcohol is 1:19 (w/v) with a yield of 45.167% glucomannan. Test characteristics of glucomannan gained 6.6% moisture content, the ash content of 0.8%, and a molecular weight of 0.726 x 104 g/mol.Keywords: porang tuber flour, shaking temperature, glucomannan.

Topic: Polysaccharides Composition and Applications
Subfield: Food Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Requirements for a Regional Information Infrastructure for Sustainable Communities-The Case for Community Informatics

Although many community informatics (CI) efforts to date have been successful (see e.g., Beamish, 1995), few appear to have been part of a strategic response to the “big” problems of the environment and society; typically they address specific needs of particular communities, and have limited influence outside their scope. Nevertheless, they have created a wealth of experience which may be used in new endeavors, since they have exercised numerous technologies and economic models. However, if the concept of “community” is going to play a more important role in establishing sustainable economic, ecological and cultural systems for the future, community informatics will need to develop not just better solutions, but a strategy to support the community ideal. This chapter argues that the object of such a strategy should be a regional information infrastructure (RII), whose purpose is to provide a knowledge-processing context for physical communities. The definition of requirements for an RII is effectively an expression of a community ideal, or vision, in terms of a technological strategy. Technical architectures stemming from the requirements represent a repository of solution patterns which can be reused and evolved. Of course, any such strategy is predicated not only on a certain kind of community vision, but the idea that “community” is indeed an effective response to global and local problems; thus the themes of community and knowledge are firstly explored as a background to the discussion of the RII.

Topic: Innovative Approaches in Technology and Social Development
Subfield: Management of Technology and Innovation
Field: Business, Management and Accounting
Domain: Social Sciences
Influence of Expectations of Aging on Older Women’s Use of Dietary Supplements Using the Health Promotion Theory

The use of vitamins, minerals and herbal supplements by older adults is increasing and changing. There are concerns about supplement quality, safety, and vitamin D overuse. Little is known about supplement use by nursing home residents and about factors that influence older women to use supplements. The current study describes the supplement use of 247 nursing home residents and 110 independent living women 65 years or older in the Midwestern United States. A secondary analysis of 247 medication administration records describes the prevalence of vitamin, mineral, and herbal supplement use of nursing home residents. Using the health promotion theory, the author examined factors that influence independent living older women’s use of supplements. The research hypothesis for the study was: controlling for age, comorbidity and education level, expectations of aging, self-efficacy, and prior related behavior will predict vitamin, mineral and herbal supplement use. A cross-sectional descriptive survey included expectations regarding aging, general self-efficacy, the Self-Administered Comorbidity Questionnaire, a 24-hour supplement recall and an inventory of supplement use in the past month. A multiple regression model was used to determine predictors of vitamin, mineral and herbal supplement use. Education level, prior use of VMS, and expectations of aging are significant predictors of supplement use in the model and explain 27 % of the variance. Prior use is the strongest predictor of current use followed by expectations of aging. Ninety-two percent of the independent living women and 94 % of nursing home residents are taking a vitamin, mineral or herbal supplement. Vitamin D is the most frequently reported supplement for both independent living women and nursing home residents. Independent living women report 0 to 16 supplements in a month and 31% use herbals. Seventy-five percent of the independent living women take vitamin D. Seven percent of independent living women are taking vitamin D at or above the Tolerable Upper Intake Level recommended by the Food and Nutrition Board. Health care and food and nutritional professionals should be aware of overuse and high-dose use of supplements. Findings suggest expectations of aging may be an important consideration to understand older women’s health behavior.

Topic: Health and Wellbeing Research
Subfield: General Health Professions
Field: Health Professions
Domain: Health Sciences
Stereotypical behaviour in captive West Indian manatee (<i>Trichechus manatus</i>)

There is great difficulty in maintaining aquatic mammals in captivity, since the attempt to replicate the environment they live in poses an enormous challenge. Poor captivity facilities without environmental enrichment can lead to different consequences for animal health, including the appearance of stereotypical movements. The aim of this study was to identify these behaviours in three groups of animals, one group of manatees inhabiting a reintroduction oceanarium in Pernambuco (PE) state, and two other groups confined in corrals constructed in natural areas (estuaries), one located in Paraiba state and the other in Alagoas state, all in north-eastern Brazil. Observations were conducted using the focal animal sampling method. It was found that the animals inhabiting the reintroduction oceanarium with no environmental enrichment showed stereotypical behaviour such as ‘Back-and-forth’ movements, ‘Hitting head against the limiting structure’ and ‘Hitting the muzzle’, while animals constrained within estuaries did not. The ‘circle swimming’ behaviour was present in a higher percentage of the animals captive in the reintroduction oceanarium, although no significant difference between the sites was found. The number and frequency of occurrence of stereotypical behaviours was significantly higher in animals kept in the reintroduction oceanarium in PE than in those of other locations. Based on these results we recommend the use of appropriate environmental enrichment and the reduction of time manatees stay confined in the reintroduction oceanarium.

Topic: Marine animal studies overview
Subfield: Ecology
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Child‐Adolescent Teasing Scale: psychometric properties of the Turkish version

Background The tools to measure teasing are not available in Turkish literature. This study aimed to examine the psychometric properties and performance of a Turkish version of the Child‐Adolescent Teasing Scale (CATS) among a sample of Turkish children. Methods Four hundred middle school (grades 5‐6‐7‐8) students comprised the sample. CATS is composed of four subfactors and 32 items. Language equivalence and content validity were assessed by five experts. Psychometric testing included internal consistency reliability (Cronbach's alpha coefficient and item‐total correlations), test–retest reliability, construct validity (principal component analysis via oblique rotation and confirmatory factor analysis), and variability (floor and ceiling effects). Results Of the participants, 52.5% were female. Their mean age was 12.54 ± 1.11. Language equivalence and content validity were assessed by five experts. The Content Validity Index of the scale was .87. The correlation coefficient ranged between .34 and .70. Cronbach's alpha was .92 for the total scale. The test–retest correlation value was r = .87. The scale confirmatory factor analysis showed that the scale had a four‐factor structure. These four factors explained 55.51% of the total variance. The reliability coefficient of the relationship between each subscale in relation to the total scores of the scale ranged from .56 to .93 . Conclusions In conclusion, the Turkish version of the CATS which has good psychometric properties similar to those of the original English version is a valid and reliable tool. While the original scale has 32 items, the Turkish version of the CATS has four factors and 23 items. It can be used to assess teasing in children and adolescents.

Topic: Bullying, Victimization, and Aggression
Subfield: Social Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Quantifying the Risks of Unexploded Ordnance at Closed Military Bases

Some 1,976 sites at closed military bases in the United States are contaminated with unexploded ordnance (UXO) left over from live-fire weapons training. These sites present risks to civilians who might come into contact with the UXO and cause it to explode. This paper presents the first systems analysis model for assessing the explosion risks of UXO at former military training ranges. We develop a stochastic model for estimating the probability of exposure to and explosion of UXO, before and after site cleanup. An application of the model to a 310-acre parcel at Fort Ord, California, shows that substantial risk can remain even after a site is declared clean. We estimate that risk to individual construction workers of encountering UXO that explodes would range from 4 x 10(-4) to 5 x 10(-2), depending on model assumptions, well above typical Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) and U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) target risk levels of 10(-4) to 10(-6). In contrast, a qualitative UXO risk assessment method, the Munitions and Explosives of Concern Hazard Assessment (MEC HA), developed by an interagency work group led by the EPA, indicates that the explosion risk at the case study site is low and "compatible with current and determined or reasonably anticipated future risk." We argue that a quantitative approach, like that illustrated in this paper, is necessary to provide a more complete picture of risks and the opportunities for risk reduction.

Topic: Risk and Safety Analysis
Subfield: Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty
Field: Decision Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
[Global consensus on social accountability of medical schools].

A collaborative research project on the social accountability of medical schools based on the Delphi method was conducted by an international reference group composed of 130 representatives of the main associations of medical schools and medical education organizations throughout the world, in addition to experts invited to take part in a personal capacity. The project ended with a conference held in South Africa overseen by an independent adjudicator who was not an expert in the field. The event resulted in the unanimous adoption of a document entitled ?Global consensus on social accountability of medical schools'. The document emphases the importance of improving the capacity of medical schools to respond to the needs and challenges of health care for citizens and society in general, in line with the core values of quality, equity, relevance and effectiveness. The implications for reconsidering quality practices and for reviewing accreditation and evaluation criteria are presented.

Topic: Innovations in Medical Education
Subfield: Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
An Update on the Cardiovascular Pleiotropic Effects of Milk and Milk Products

Hypertension is a major risk factor in addition to atherosclerosis and type 2 diabetes mellitus for the development of coronary heart disease and strokes. Several prospective clinical studies have demonstrated a possible protective effect of milk and dairy product consumption on these conditions. The putative effects of milk and dairy products are possibly mediated through their mineral content of calcium, magnesium, potassium, and vitamin D. These dairy substances exercise their blood pressure–lowering effect either directly on the arterial wall by these minerals or indirectly through blockade of the angiotensin‐converting enzyme ( ACE ) by the amino acids contained in the casein and whey of milk. The blockade of ACE results in the inhibition of production of angiotensin II , a potent vasoconstrictive peptide, and the prevention of degradation of bradykinin, a potent vasodilating peptide. For this concise review, a Medline search of the English language literature was conducted from 2006 to September 2012 and 16 pertinent papers were selected. The potential beneficial pleiotropic effects from these studies together with collateral literature will be discussed in this review.

Topic: Consumer Attitudes and Food Labeling
Subfield: Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Permeation rates of penicillins indicate that <i>Escherichia coli</i> porins function principally as nonspecific channels

Significance Porin channels in the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria were originally thought to be nonspecific channels that discriminate among solutes only by their gross physicochemical properties, such as size, hydrophobicity, and charge. Since the discovery of the ampicillin-binding site inside one porin channel, however, such “specific” interactions are hypothesized to play significant roles especially for the permeation of drugs. We show, by the careful examination of influx and efflux of ampicillin and benzylpenicillin, that the original nonspecific model is still valid and that it is misleading to overemphasize the role of specific binding sites.

Topic: Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria
Subfield: Molecular Medicine
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Geoscience Laser Altimetry System (GLAS) On-Orbit Flight Report on the Propylene Loop Heat Pipes (LHPs)

The Geoscience Laser Altimetry System (GLAS) instrument which is the sole instrument on ICESat was launched on January 12, 2003. GLAS utilizes two actively controlled propylene Loop Heat Pipes (LHPs) as the core of its thermal system. The LHPs started quickly when the Dale Ohm starter heaters were powered and have as designed. The low control heater power and on-orbit tight temperature control appear independent of gravity effects when comparing ground testing to flight data. The use of coupling blocks was also unique to these LHPs. Their application reduced control heater power by reducing the subcooling from the radiator. The effectiveness in reducing subcooling of the coupler blocks decreased during flight from ground testing, but internal thermal isolation in the compensation chamber between the subcooled returning liquid increased in flight resulting in no net increase in control heater power versus ground measurements. Overall the application of LHPs in the thermal system for GLAS met instrument requirements and provided flexibility for the overall system as last minute requirements became known.

Topic: Spacecraft and Cryogenic Technologies
Subfield: Aerospace Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences