jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
The specificity of the double simple imitation and its role in the dramaturgy of the Renaissance epoch musical works

Relevance of the study. Dramaturgy of the vocal works from the Renaissance epoch, connected to the application of the specific ways of counterpoint work, thus far hasn’t been studied more thoroughly. Yet, the manifestation of some of the dramatic principles can also be noticed in music of this period. It is specially relevant at presentation of the two themes in simultaneous sounding. In that context, the specificities of musical dramaturgy realization by use of the simple imitation are little known. Main objective of the study is to light up the distinctiveness of the double simple imitation in the austere style music and to examine its reference to convertible counterpoint. On the other side, the influence of the counterpoint technique on the dramaturgy of Renaissance musical work will be opened. Methodology is based on the examples analysis from Palestrina creative work. How the study was done. In chosen analytical specimens, the ways of counterpoint work was identified and defined along with the definiteness of their dramaturgic function in the context entirety.Results and conclusions. The double simple imitation leads to various possibilities of the imitation voices combination, specially in situations when the themes length is dissimilar. The convertible counterpoint, which then appears might be interpreted by methods used at unimitated polyphony. On the other side, such application of the polythematic imitation might be in function of the musical form dramaturgy. Through the various spatial changes of the thematic material within composition entirety specific section, the clear separation of thematic material occurs in relation to the other, monothematic sections; it is experienced as the focus of composition. By beforehand planned way of work with the themes, the clear movement architectonics is created. Practical significance. The work shows the way of the simple imitation interpretation based on two themes. Additionally, this research opens up the possibility of dramaturgy use as analytical practice instrument and also in vocal works of the old counterpoint masters.

Topic: Diverse Musicological Studies
Subfield: Music
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Early kinematic information and Machine Learning methods allow to detect visual reaching impairments in a patient with Parieto-Occipital lesion

Patients with lesions of the parieto-occipital cortex typically misreach visual targets that they correctly perceive (Optic Ataxia, OA). Although OA has been described more than 30 years ago, distinguishing this condition from physiological behaviour using kinematic data is still missing. Here, combining kinematic analysis with machine learning methods, we compared the reaching performance of a patient with bilateral occipito-parietal damage with that of 10 healthy controls (mean age 21.52.0, 9 females and 1 male, right-handed). They performed visually-guided reaches towards targets located at different depths and directions in peripheral and foveal viewing conditions. Using the horizontal and sagittal deviation of the trajectories as input to a linear discriminant analysis (LDA) decoding algorithm, we computed accurate predictions of the patient’s deviations with respect to control’s deviations. For reaching to the left targets, the dataset reveals a considerable inter-individual variability in the predictability of trajectory deviations along movement execution in both peripheral and foveal reaching (chance level 50%). For reaching to the right space targets, instead, dataset and LDA decoding accuracy show low variability, that suggests high inter-individual consistency. In both peripheral and foveal reaching, there was a 100% decoding accuracy after half of the movement, indicating that the classifier was able to perfectly distinguish between patient and control participants (chance level 50%). For the targets located along depth direction and in both peripheral and foveal reaching, after the first 20% of movement, it was possible to discriminate the trajectory deviations of the patient from those of control participants, with the accuracy of classification significantly increasing from near to far targets (chance level 50%). This classification based on initial trajectory decoding was possible for both direction and depth component of the movement, suggesting the possibility to apply this method to characterize pathological motor behaviour in wider frameworks.

Topic: Stroke Rehabilitation and Recovery
Subfield: Rehabilitation
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
In‐Situ Laser Synthesis of Molecularly Dispersed and Covalently Bound Phosphorus‐Graphene Adducts as Self‐Standing 3D Anodes for High‐Performance Fast‐Charging Lithium‐Ion Batteries

Abstract Phosphorus shows promise as a next‐generation anode material due to its high theoretical capacity of 2596 mAh g −1 . However, challenges such as low conductivity, severe volume expansion, and the dissolution and migration of electrolyte‐soluble lithium polyphosphides hamper high‐performance capabilities. While carbon composites are widely researched as a solution through the physical encapsulation of micro‐nano‐phosphorus domains, anodes still exhibit low cycling stability and rate performance. In response, this work proposes a new approach, focusing on chemical anchoring and molecular dispersion of phosphorus within the carbon host. Through laser irradiation of a red phosphorus/phenolic resin blend, in‐situ covalent binding of molecular phosphorus adducts to the as‐forming laser‐induced graphene is observed; directly synthesizing an additive‐free, flexible and 3‐dimensional mesoporous composite anode with high phosphorus content (33 wt.%), specific surface area (163.4 m 2 g −1 ) and intrinsic conductivity (12 S cm −1 ). These anodes demonstrate remarkable cycling stability, with capacity retention of 98% after 3000 cycles at a high current density of 2 A g −1 and capacity of 673 mAh g −1 . The high cycling stability is further confirmed through the complete inhibition of lithium polyphosphide “shuttle effect” by chemical anchoring of the molecularly dispersed active material. Furthermore, scale‐up prospects utilizing laser‐assisted additive manufacturing are investigated.

Topic: Advancements in Battery Materials
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Infant Cry Recognition System

Cries of infants can be seen as an indicator of pain. It has been proven that crying caused by pain, hunger, fear, stress, etc., show different cry patterns. The work presented here introduces a comparative study between the performance of two different classification techniques implemented in an automatic classification system for identifying two types of infants' cries, pain, and non-pain. The techniques are namely, Continuous Hidden Markov Models (CHMM) and Artificial Neural Networks (ANN). Two different sets of acoustic features were extracted from the cry samples, those are MFCC and LPCC, the feature vectors generated by each were eventually fed into the classification module for the purpose of training and testing. The results of this work showed that the system based on CDHMM have better performance than that based on ANN. CDHMM gives the best identification rate at 96.1%, which is much higher than 79% of ANN whereby in general the system based on MFCC features performed better than the one that utilizes LPCC features.

Topic: Infant Health and Development
Subfield: Pharmacy
Field: Health Professions
Domain: Health Sciences
[The study on in vitro transformation by human papillomavirus type 16 E6/E7 region].

A NIH3T3-derived cell clone (NA7) in which human papillomavirus (HPV) 16 early region E6/E7 was inducible by dexamethasone (DXM) under the control of mouse mammary tumor virus long terminal repeat was established. A transforming function for HPV 16 E6/E7 region was analyzed by this established clone. Northern blot hybridization demonstrated that the increased expression of PCNA/cyclin and c-myc at the confluent state in accordance with the induced expression of E6/E7 region by DXM. Although complete transformation was not observed, the saturation density of NA7 was increased by the addition of DXM. The transfection assay using NA7 showed that adenovirus type 5 E1B (Ad5E1B) could cooperate with E6/E7. Furthermore, it was indicated that E7 could also cooperate with adenovirus type 5 E1B as well as with EJ-ras in transforming primary rat embryonal cells. However, E6/E7 could not cooperate with Ad12E1B in both cell systems. In this study, HPV 16 E6/E7 was assumed to have the growth-stimulatory activity in association with some cellular genes and transforming activity by cooperation with some transforming genes. These results suggest that E6/E7 seems to play a major role in the process of human cervical cell carcinogenesis.

Topic: Cervical Cancer and HPV Research
Subfield: Epidemiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Tracheal contraction and relaxation initiated by lung and somatic afferents in dogs

Capsaicin injected into the right heart of dogs causes reflex bronchoconstriction by stimulating pulmonary C-fibers, but injected into the left heart it is said to have little effect even though it stimulates bronchial C-fibers, which are known to cause contraction of airway smooth muscle. Attempting to resolve this apparent contradiction, we recorded smooth muscle tension in an innervated tracheal segment in anesthetized dogs and examined the reflex effects of injecting capsaicin intravascularly at different sites. Right atrial injection of capsaicin (10 micrograms/kg) caused tracheal contraction, as did bronchial arterial injection (0.15–5.0 micrograms); left atrial injection (10 micrograms/kg), however, caused relaxation or slight contraction, or a combination of the two. Contraction but not relaxation was abolished by cutting or cooling (0 degree C) the cervical vagus nerves. Femoral arterial injection (10–100 micrograms) caused tracheal relaxation, which was abolished by cutting hindlimb nerves. We conclude that both pulmonary and bronchial C-fibers evoke tracheal contraction, but when capsaicin is injected into the left atrium any effects of stimulating bronchial C-fibers are masked by the reflex action of somatic afferents, which cause tracheal relaxation.

Topic: Respiratory and Cough-Related Research
Subfield: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
[Epidemiologic investigation of measles in Mexico. A methodological proposal].

The epidemiological study of measles needs a critical perspective in addition to a descriptive study of variables in time, place and person. The goal of this critical and methodological study of measles is to evaluate the coverage and efficacy of the vaccine in the affected population. These indicators will provide an indirect evaluation of the preventable services. This document presents a general view of the epidemiological design of cohorts and case-control studies and their immediately application to the study of measles. It describe the mathematical procedures for calculating the coverage and efficacy of the measles vaccine in community and hospital outbreaks.

Topic: Virology and Viral Diseases
Subfield: Epidemiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Saxagliptin: New Therapy for Type 2 Diabetes

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of saxagliptin for the treatment of hyperglycemia associated with type 2 diabetes. Data Sources: A MEDLINE/PubMed search was conducted of all available date ranges from 1990 through October 2009 for literature in the English language, using the search terms saxagliptin, type 2 diabetes mellitus, incretin hormones, and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors. The manufacturer of saxagliptin (Onglyza) was contacted for clinical trial information. Study Selection: Five prospective, randomized controlled trials were reviewed. Studies were included in this review if they had examined saxagliptin and its effects on hyperglycemia. Trials examined included those on saxagliptin monotherapy and those on saxagliptin in combination with metformin, with a sulfonylurea, and with a thiazolidinedione. Data from the MEDLINE/PubMed search, as well as clinical trial data obtained from the manufacturer, were used in this review. Data Synthesis: Saxagliptin demonstrated statistically significant decreases of 0.43–0.54% in hemoglobin A 1c (A1C) in the monotherapy treatment group. The A1C-lowering effects were the greatest, with a decrease of 2.5% in patients concomitantly administered metformin and saxagliptin as initial therapy. In addition to its effects on A1C, saxagliptin proved to be weight neutral and had minimal risks of hypoglycemia, with hypoglycemia seen only in the saxagliptin in combination with a sulfonylurea group. Conclusions: Saxagliptin is an effective treatment for hyperglycemia associated with type 2 diabetes. It is currently a third-line option in the American Diabetes Association treatment algorithm for type 2 diabetes and, based on the trials reviewed here, this is an acceptable place in therapy. Saxagliptin is a good option for patients with diabetes who are at high risk of hypoglycemia.

Topic: Diabetes Treatment and Management
Subfield: Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
The benefits and drawbacks of coopetition on the performance of SMEs

Coopetition is defined as the simultaneously pursuit of cooperation and competition, and in fast-changing business environment coopetitive interactions in supply management are being found common. Therefore coopetitive interactions draw the attention of many researchers. However, there is still not a research yet that addresses the impact of coopetitive interactions especially for the innovative small and medium enterprises (SMEs).
Thus this paper is dedicated to investigate the impact of coopetitive interactions on the performance of the innovative SMEs. And by the method of literature review, which means reviewing other relevant academic papers, a framework is presented here, in order to show the benefits as well as drawbacks of the coopetitive interactions on SMEs based on the previous studies.
Generally, in this paper the benefits and drawbacks found are concerned about the new product development, the present value, competitive advantage and customer perception and relationship. Moreover, in literature review and discussion part, more detailed aspects of those categorizations of benefits and drawbacks will be studied. Finally, the relationships between tensions and the negative impact of coopetitive interactions will be explained, and thus few strategies regarding how to mitigate those negative impacts will be discussed.

Topic: Business Strategy and Innovation
Subfield: Strategy and Management
Field: Business, Management and Accounting
Domain: Social Sciences
Erlotinib is a well-tolerated alternate treatment for non-small cell lung cancer in cases of gefitinib-induced hepatotoxicity.

Erlotinib treatment was efficient and well-tolerated in NSCLC patients with EGFR mutation, despite their severe hepatotoxicity with prior gefitinib treatment.

Topic: Lung Cancer Treatments and Mutations
Subfield: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
CCDC 1894262: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.

Topic: Crystallization and Solubility Studies
Subfield: Materials Chemistry
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Survey of Emergency Medical Technicians' Ability to Cope with the Deaths of Patients During Prehospital Care

Abstract Hypothesis: Emergency medical technicians (EMTs) find that the death of patients in their care is stressful. Population: Random sample of certified EMTs in one state (Levels I–IV). Methods: A blinded, self-administered survey was sent to a random sample of 2,500 EMTs. Demographic data obtained were: level of training; hours worked each month; population of area served; age; gender; number of deaths per year; training for coping prehospital deaths; and availability of protocols and on-line medical advice for out-of-hospital deaths. A five-point, Likert scale was used to rate the frequency of perceived stress experienced by EMTs in specific situations and the routine practice for notification of survivors. Univariable analysis was performed using Spearman's Rank correlation, Kruskal-Wallis test, and Mann-Whitney U-test. Multivariable correlations were performed using forward and backward step-wise logistic regression analysis. A significance level of 0.05 was used throughout. Results: There were 654 respondents with a mean age of 35.5±8.3 yr; 83% were men. Their highest level of training was: 4% EMT-I, 43% EMT-II, 18% EMT-III, 33% EMT-IV. They saw an average of 9.6 deaths/year and spent an average of 20±17 minutes with survivors. 62 % found treatment of a patient that was dying or died in their care was commonly a stressful experience. Factors that made notification of the family about the prehospital death emotionally difficult included: fewer hours worked/month; working in a smaller community; lower level of EMT training; female gender; and fewer deaths seen during the previous year. The same factors were associated with general emotional difficulty in treatment of a patient who died during prehospital care. Online [direct] medical direction by physicians was common (73%), but did not lessen the difficulty of notification. It did reduce the emotional difficulty for specific clinical situations. Written protocols for not attempting resuscitation were common (66%), but only 44% had protocols for termination of resuscitation. Resuscitation of the clearly dead for the benefit of the family (10%) or for the EMT (5%) was practiced infrequently. Most (67%) respondents had some formal training in dealing with death and the dying patient. Such training did not correlate with less difficulty in notification of survivors or in coping with the deaths of patients in their care. Conclusion: EMTs perceive they have emotional difficulty when prehospital deaths occur and survivors must be notified. Less experience and a lower level of EMT training correlate with more difficulty in coping with patient death. Protocols and on-line [direct] medical control can provide support for the EMT in coping with out-of-hospital deaths. Most notification of survivors is handled by EMTs with formal training to cope with patients that are dying or who die during prehospital care.

Topic: Emergency and Acute Care Studies
Subfield: Emergency Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
HRP-labeled neurons (TMB staining).

&lt;p&gt;HRP-labeled neurons were frequently seen from the base of the mandible nerve to the posterolateral area on both sides of the TG. A. TG on control side. B. HRP-labeled neurons on control side. C. TG after 3 months. D. HRP-labeled neurons after 3 months. E. TG after 6 months. F. HRP-labeled neurons after 6 months. TN: trigeminal nerve, Mx: maxillary nerve, Mn: mandibular nerve Scale bar = 1000 m in A, C, E, and 50 m in B, D, F.&lt;/p&gt;

Topic: Genetic and Environmental Crop Studies
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Piezoelectric composite cements: Towards the development of self-powered and self-diagnostic materials

Piezoresistivity is the most commonly used sensing principle in cement-based smart composites for strain-monitoring applications. Nonetheless, the need for external electric power to conduct electrical resistivity measurements restricts the scalability of this technology, especially when implemented in remote structures. To address this issue, this manuscript thoroughly analyzes the piezoelectric properties of cement composites doped with reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and evaluates their potential as self-powered strain sensors. To do so, a comprehensive methodology involving voltammetry measurements, open circuit potential determination, and uniaxial compression testing is developed to determine the piezoelectric coefficients of charge $d_{33}$ and voltage $g_{33}$. Furthermore, a novel circuital model for signal processing of the electromechanical response is developed and experimentally validated in terms of time series of output voltage, resistance, and the generated electric power. The developed methodology is applied to laboratory samples manufactured following two different filler dispersion methods. The presented results evidence that samples prepared by ultrasonic cleaner dispersion achieve optimal properties, with a piezoelectric charge coefficient of 1122.28$\mathrm{\pm}$246.67 pC/N, about 47 times greater than previously reported composites in the literature. Unlike piezoresistive cement-based composites, a remarkable nonlinear correlation between the fractional change in the intrinsic resistance of the material and the applied mechanical strain has been observed. Instead, a considerable linearity ($\mathrm{R^2}=0.96$) between the externally applied mechanical strain and the generated (piezoelectric) electric power has been found, which suggests the great potential of the latter for conducting off-the-grid strain monitoring applications.

Topic: Smart Materials for Construction
Subfield: Pollution
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
The presence of accessory soleous muscle in humans

OBJECTIVE: To verify the prevalence of the accessory soleus muscle in humans and according to gender. METHODS: A total of 154 magnetic resonance images of the ankle were assessed in T1 weighted sagittal, coronal and axial planes. RESULTS: An incidence of 11.6% of accessory soleus muscle in humans was observed; in that, 7.8% in males and 15.6% in females. CONCLUSION: The accessory soleus muscle incidence was 11.6% in the samples studied and it was more often present in females.

Topic: Orthopedic Surgery and Rehabilitation
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Antiviral Activity and Conformational Features of an Octapeptide Derived from the Membrane-Proximal Ectodomain of the Feline Immunodeficiency Virus Transmembrane Glycoprotein

ABSTRACT Feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) provides a valuable animal model by which criteria for lentivirus control strategies can be tested. Previous studies have shown that a 20-mer synthetic peptide of the membrane-proximal ectodomain of FIV transmembrane glycoprotein, designated peptide 59, potently inhibited the growth of tissue culture-adapted FIV in feline fibroblastoid CrFK cells. In the present report we describe the potential of this peptide to inhibit the replication of primary FIV isolates in lymphoid cells. Because antiviral activity of peptide 59 was found to map to a short segment containing three conserved Trp residues, further analyses focused on a derivative of eight amino acids ( 770 W-I 777 ), designated C8. Peptide C8 activity was found to be dependent on conservation of the Trp motif, to be removed from solution by FIV absorbed onto substrate cells, and to be blocked by a peptide derived from the N-terminal portion of FIV transmembrane glycoprotein. Structural studies showed that peptide C8 possesses a conformational propensity highly uncommon for peptides of its size, which may account for its considerable antiviral potency in spite of small size.

Topic: HIV Research and Treatment
Subfield: Virology
Field: Immunology and Microbiology
Domain: Life Sciences
St. Bartholomew's Church, Malabon, Philippines, January 1, 1928

Photograph of "Srt. Bartholomew's, Malabon, Rizal, Philippines. Entrance to convent at right. Whitewash was put on pillars for Concepcion Fiesta Dec. 8, 1927."

Topic: Microbial Natural Products and Biosynthesis
Subfield: Pharmacology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences