jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Security and Privacy Investigation of Wi-Fi Connected and App-Controlled IoT-Based Consumer Market Smart Light Bulbs

The Internet of Things and the Smart Home have become an increasingly important topic in recent years. The growing popularity of Smart Home Devices such as Smart TVs, Smart Door Locks, Smart Light Bulbs, and other devices is causing a rapid increase of vulnerabilities. Also, there are several vulnerabilities in software and hardware that make the security situation more complex and troublesome. Many of these systems and devices also process personal or secret data and control critical industrial processes. The need for security is extremely high. Owners and administrators of modern IoT devices are often overwhelmed with the task of securing their systems. Today, the spectrum of Smart Home technologies is growing faster than security can be guaranteed. Unsecured vulnerabilities endanger the security and privacy of consumers. This paper aims to examine the security and privacy aspects of Wi-Fi Connected and App-Controlled IoT-Based Smart Home Devices. For this purpose, the communication between the device, app, and the manufacturer's servers, as well as the firmware of the individual devices, will be examined. In particular, this paper highlights why it is important to make consumers aware of the security and privacy aspects of Smart Home devices. Finally, it will be shown which dangers exist when using these devices, how the use of these devices affects the privacy and security of the device and its users, and whether the devices comply with the European General Data Protection Regulation.

Topic: IoT and Edge/Fog Computing
Subfield: Computer Networks and Communications
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Temperature affects male and female potential reproductive rates differently in the sex-role reversed pipefish, <i>Syngnathus typhle</i>

The differences in potential reproductive rate between the sexes can be used to predict the operational sex ratio and the patterns and intensity of mating competition and hence sexual selection in a population. This article describes how one environmental component, temperature, affects potential reproductive rates of the two sexes in the paternally brooding, sex-role reversed pipefish (Syngnathus typhle). Males brooded embryos much longer (on average 58 days) in cold water (about 10°C) than in warmer water (35 days at about 15°C). As a consequence, the potential reproductive rate (number of eggs brooded per day) of males was significantly higher in warm water. In females, however, potential reproductive rate, i.e., number of eggs produced per day given an unlimited access to mates, was not significantly different between temperatures. In both sexes, potential reproductive rate was positively related to body size. At both temperatures, females had the potential to reproduce faster than males. As a result, the operational sex ratio will become female biased and sex-roles reversed, as is the case in this species. Since temperature differently influenced the potential reproductive rates of males and females, with the sexual difference larger at lower temperatures, more intense female-female competition is predicted at low temperatures.

Topic: Aquatic life and conservation
Subfield: Aquatic Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Seasonal Specific Structural Time Series

The paper introduces the class of seasonal specific structural time series models, according to which each season follows specific dynamics, but is also tied to the others by a common random effect. Seasonal specific models are dynamic variance components models that account for some kind of periodic behaviour, such as periodic heteroscedasticity, and are also tailored to deal with situations such that one or a group of seasons behave differently. Trends and non periodic features can still be extracted and their nature is discussed. Multivariate extensions entertain the case when cointegration pertains only to groups of seasons. It is finally shown that a circular correlation pattern for the idiosyncratic disturbances yields a periodic component that is isomorphic to a trigonometric seasonal com- ponent.

Topic: Forecasting Techniques and Applications
Subfield: Management Science and Operations Research
Field: Decision Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Measured Aerodynamic Interaction of Two Tiltrotors

The aerodynamic interaction of two model tiltrotors in helicopter-mode formation flight is investigated. Three scenarios representing tandem level flight, tandem operations near the ground, and a single tiltrotor operating above the ground for varying winds are examined. The effect of aircraft separation distance on the thrust and rolling moment of the trailing aircraft with and without the presence of a ground plane are quantified. Without a ground plane, the downwind aircraft experiences a peak rolling moment when the right (left) rotor of the upwind aircraft is laterally aligned with the left (right) rotor of the downwind aircraft. The presence of the ground plane causes the peak rolling moment on the downwind aircraft to occur when the upwind aircraft is further outboard of the downwind aircraft. Ground plane surface flow visualization images obtained using tufts and oil are used to understand mutual interaction between the two aircraft. These data provide guidance in determining tiltrotor flight formations which minimize disturbance to the trailing aircraft. Notation A rotor disk area, πR2 CMx aircraft roll moment coefficient, Mx /(ρ(ΩR) 2AR), positive right wing down CT aircraft thrust coefficient, aircraft thrust/(2ρ(ΩR)2A) D rotor diameter DW downwind Mtip blade tip Mach number, ΩR /sound speed Mx aircraft roll moment R rotor blade radius s wing semispan UW upwind x streamwise location of UW aircraft relative to DW aircraft, positive in drag direction y lateral location of UW aircraft relative to DW aircraft, positive to right (pilots view) z vertical location of UW aircraft relative to DW aircraft, positive up µ advance ratio, tunnel speed/ΩR Ω rotor rotational speed ρ air density σ rotor solidity

Topic: Aerospace Engineering and Energy Systems
Subfield: Aerospace Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
The Study on Fire Evidence Damage in a Fire Investigation and Preventive Measures

According to the situation of fire investigation in China,this paper analyzes the fire evidence damage in a fire investigation. Based on the analysis of these reasons and the actual situation of a fire investigation,measures are brought forward. Using these measures enables investigators to avoid damaging evidence in a fire investigation,and reduce the effect of evidence damage caused by its probative force. Its purpose is to make the fire investigators skillfully master the method of protecting evidence in a fire investigation,properly protect the fire evidence,and so that it can become legal effective evidence to accurately identify the cause of a fire. Thus it can make the identification of the cause of a fire is more scientific and increase the fire investigating ratio and finally promote the level of fire investigation.

Topic: Digital and Cyber Forensics
Subfield: Information Systems
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Role of scatter-hoarding rodents in the seed dispersal of large-seeded plants.

Large animals are believed to have coevolved to become the primary dispersers of large-seeded plants. With the deforestation that usually accompanies agriculture and urbanization, habitats for large animals have been significantly reduced or lost, leading to the eventual disappearance of such animals. With the loss of these primary dispersers, large-seeded plants require other means of dispersal if they are to propagate and survive. One such mode of dispersal is via secondary dispersal by scatter-hoarding seed-predating rodents. Our study explored three areas: 1) the extent to which small mammals were able to serve as secondary dispersers of large seeds, 2) the difference in such dispersal activity between primary rainforests and secondary rainforests, and 3) the possible viability of seeds in the aftermath of seed predation. Our results have shown that while small mammals such as the plantain squirrel can serve as secondary dispersers of large seeds, there seems to be a lack of secondary seed dispersal activity in the secondary rainforest, and a distinct lack of scatter-hoarding rodents such as squirrels in the secondary forest area compared to the primary forest. Also, our study shows that seeds are able to withstand considerable amount of damage to the endosperm and cotyledons, and still retain viability as long as the embryo is still intact.

Topic: Hermeneutics and Narrative Identity
Subfield: Philosophy
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Online Tool for Analysis of Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis Profiles

ABSTRACT We present an online tool (EquiBands, http://www.univie.ac.at/IECB/limno/equibands/EquiBands.html ) that quantifies the matching of two bands considered to be the same in different samples, even when samples are applied to different denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis gels. With an environmental example we demonstrate the procedure for the classification of two bands of different samples with the help of EquiBands.

Topic: Microbial Fuel Cells and Bioremediation
Subfield: Environmental Engineering
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Investigation and optimisation of hydrogel microneedles for transdermal delivery of caffeine

Caffeine is therapeutically effective for treating apnea, cellulite formation, and pain management. It also exhibits neuroprotective and antioxidant activities in different models of Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease. However, caffeine administration in a minimally invasive and sustainable manner through the transdermal route is challenging owing to its hydrophilic nature. Therefore, this study demonstrated a transdermal delivery approach for caffeine by utilizing hydrogel microneedle (MN) as a permeation enhancer. The influence of formulation parameters such as molecular weight (MW) of PMVE/MA (polymethyl vinyl ether/maleic anhydride) copolymer and sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) concentration on the swelling kinetics and mechanical integrity of the hydrogel MNs was investigated. In addition, the effect of different MN application methods and needle densities of hydrogel MN on the skin insertion efficiency and penetration depth was also evaluated. The swelling degree at equilibrium percentage (% Seq) recorded for hydrogels fabricated with Gantrez S-97 (MW = 1,500,000 Da) was significantly higher than formulation with Gantrez AN-139 (MW = 1,080,000 Da). Increasing the concentration of NaHCO3 also significantly increased the % Seq. Moreover, a 100% penetration was recorded for both the applicator and combination of applicator and thumb pressure compared with only 11% for thumb pressure alone. The average diameter of micropores created by the applicator method was 62.94 μm, which was significantly lower than the combination of both applicator and thumb pressure MN application (100.53 μm). Based on histological imaging, the penetration depth of hydrogel MN increased as the MN density per array decreased. The hydrogel MN with the optimized formulation and skin insertion parameters was tested for caffeine delivery in an in vitro Franz diffusion cell setup. Approximately 2.9 mg of caffeine was delivered within 24 h, and the drug release profile was best fitted to the Korsmeyer–Peppas model, displaying Super Case II kinetics. In conclusion, a combination of thumb and impact application methods and reduced needle density improved the skin penetration efficiency of hydrogel MNs. The results also show that hydrogel MNs fabricated from 3% w/w NaHCO3 and high MW of copolymer exhibit optimum physical and swelling properties for enhanced transdermal delivery.

Topic: Advancements in Transdermal Drug Delivery
Subfield: Pharmaceutical Science
Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics
Domain: Life Sciences
A Mutation in the Putative Mg<sup>2+</sup>-Binding Site of G<sub>s</sub> α Prevents Its Activation by Receptors

The properties of a Gs alpha mutant with an Asn substituted for Ser at position 54, designated mutant 54Asn alpha s, were studied after expression in S49 alpha s-deficient (cyc-) cells. Ser-54 in alpha s is comparable to Ser-17 in Ras, which is involved in binding Mg2+ associated with bound nucleotide. 54Asn alpha s did not restore either hormone-induced cyclic AMP production in intact cyc- cells or hormone-induced adenylyl cyclase activation in membranes isolated from these cells. The defect was a failure of ligand-bound receptor to activate 54Asn alpha s, since the mutant protein retained the ability to activate adenylyl cyclase in isolated membranes in the presence of GTP or GTP gamma S. Guanine nucleotide regulation of mutant alpha s suggested that it has increased guanine nucleotide exchange rates and an increased preference for diphosphates over triphosphates. Hormone stimulation magnified the preference of 54Asn alpha s for diphosphates, which could account for its inability to be activated by receptor. The properties of this mutant are discussed in terms of similarities to and differences with the analogous RasH mutant, which has been shown to interfere with endogenous Ras function in cells.

Topic: Protein Kinase Regulation and GTPase Signaling
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
On the Estimation of Difficulty in Emotion Regulation using Spoken Dialogue

The stigmatization of mental illness is still remains an important societal problem. Due to this, the majority of people hesitate to consult a psychologist or to access mental health clinics. In recent times, smart healthcare systems have gained popularity and trust. An effective way, for resolving issues related to psychological illness, is to integrate mental health assessment module into a smart healthcare system. Many psychological illness are said to be characterized by difficulty in emotion regulation. Motivated by that, we present an initial effort towards estimating the difficulty in emotion regulation using spoken dialogue with the subjects. For the data collection, a dialogue system is implemented that ask questions from the difficulty in emotion regulation scale (DERS) questionnaire. The responses of the subjects to the questionnaire are collected both in audio and video formats. Along with audio-visual data, the self-reported responses of the subjects to the DERS questionnaire are also collected and used as the ground truth. In this paper, the DERS subscale scores are estimated using both direct and indirect method for audio data only. The direct method of DERS subscale scores estimation has outperformed the indirect one.

Topic: Emotion and Mood Recognition
Subfield: Experimental and Cognitive Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Correlation Study of Commercial Street Morphology and Pedestrian Activity in Cold Region Summers under Thermal Comfort Guidance: A Case Study of Sanlitun, Beijing

Pedestrian vitality in commercial streets is influenced by various factors, among which the spatial form of the street and the resulting thermal environment have a significant impact. This study, from the perspective of thermal comfort, combines thermal comfort simulation with pedestrian simulation to establish an optimization model based on pedestrian vitality. The model aims to analyze and quantify the impact of street spatial form on thermal comfort and pedestrian vitality, providing a comprehensive evaluation of optimization schemes for commercial street spaces. Firstly, the study identifies the levels of spatial design parameters for commercial streets and generates optimized design scenarios for commercial street spaces. Using the simulation platforms Rhino 7 Grasshopper and MATLAB R2023a, a pedestrian simulation model guided by thermal comfort is constructed and validated against empirical data. Next, the influence of commercial street spatial design parameters on store visitations is assessed, identifying the most critical design parameters. Finally, design strategies for commercial streets are proposed based on vitality-oriented layouts. The results indicate that the spatial form of the street significantly affects store visitations, with the street width-to-height ratio being the most influential factor, followed by street orientation and interface form. NW-SE-oriented streets show a 47.2% higher Total Store Visitations (TSV) value compared to E-W-oriented streets, while E-W streets exhibit a Differential Store Visitation (DSV) value 4.47 times that of NW-SE streets. Streets with a W/H ratio of 0.25 have a 54.9% higher Total Store Visitations value than those with a W/H ratio of 0.9, and streets with a W/H ratio of 0.65 exhibit a Differential Store Visitations value 1.21 times that of streets with a W/H ratio of 0.25. Considering overall street vitality, the study recommends NW-SE- and NE-SW-oriented streets, with a width-to-height ratio between 0.25 and 0.4. The study also proposes strategies for the modification and expansion of streets in different orientations, providing the scientific basis and optimization recommendations for the planning and renovation of commercial streets in cold regions during summer.

Topic: Urban Heat Island Mitigation
Subfield: Environmental Engineering
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Epistemological Crises Made Stone: Confederate Monuments and the End of Memory

For many in the United States, an important step in dismantling the structural evil of racism would be the total removal of Confederate monuments from the southern landscape. While the motivation behind this recommendation is laudable, such a move may also serve to assuage white guilt while leaving the structures of white privilege basically untouched. This essay uses recent work in theology and memory to assess these monuments as well as calls for their removal, and suggests that at least some should remain standing as signs of a crisis that remains with us, bent toward the goal of justice by means of remembering a devastating history under the aspect of God's judgment. The upshot is that Christians have a strong theological warrant to support calls to add markers around certain Confederate monuments in order to contextualize and fill out the untruthful story they currently tell.

Topic: Race, History, and American Society
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Analytical Processes: A Physico-Chemical Interpretation. Second edition (Smith, T. B.)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVBook and Media Revie...Book and Media ReviewNEXTAnalytical Processes: A Physico-Chemical Interpretation. Second edition (Smith, T. B.)Rex J. Robinson Cite this: J. Chem. Educ. 1941, 18, 8, 398Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1941Publication History Received3 August 2009Published online1 August 1941Published inissue 1 August 1941https://doi.org/10.1021/ed018p398.1RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views73Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (791 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts

Topic: Various Chemistry Research Topics
Subfield: Physical and Theoretical Chemistry
Field: Chemistry
Domain: Physical Sciences
Retrospective study of congenital airway malformations detected by flexible fiberoptic bronchoscopy in Alexandria University Children's Hospital

Abstract Background Congenital airway malformations affect the quality of life and increase the family burden. The care of children who have these lesions requires considerable expenditures of time and other resources within a tertiary care center. Aim This work aims to determine the incidence of congenital airway malformations in children with airway-related manifestations detected by flexible fiberoptic bronchoscopy at the bronchoscopy unit of Alexandria University Children Hospital during the period from 1st of January 2019 to 31st of December 2019. Patients and methods This retrospective study includes symptomatic children who underwent flexible fiberoptic bronchoscopy from 1st of January 2019 to 31st of December 2019. Results The incidence of congenital airway malformations in the studied population was 32%. The mean age of patients at time of diagnosis was 7 months and the most common congenital anomaly was laryngomalacia. Conclusion We concluded that congenital airway malformations are not uncommon in newborns and their early detection can be beneficial for optimum management.

Topic: Tracheal and airway disorders
Subfield: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Comparing the "simplified revised Geneva score", the "original PESI", and the "simplified PESI" for mortality prediction for pulmonary embolism. A 10 years follow-up study.

The use of original PESI score could predict the long-term mortality of PE patients more accurately than other scores.

Topic: Venous Thromboembolism Diagnosis and Management
Subfield: Internal Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences