jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
From the Millennium Development Goals to Sustainable Development Goals.: The response to the HIV epidemic in Indonesia: challenges and opportunities.

Since the first case was reported in 1981, the Indonesian government and civil society have implemented many initiatives to respond to the HIV/AIDS epidemic. From an historical perspective, the country now has the means to rapidly diagnose cases of HIV infection and provide antiretroviral therapy. The concern expressed by international health agencies about a potential major HIV epidemic in the country has not been confirmed, as evidenced by a slowing down of the number cases. The threat from non-sterile needle sharing has been relatively well controlled through harm-reduction programmes; however, drug trafficking remains a challenge. It has reached worrying levels and involves law enforcement units at the forefront of the battle. In parallel, the level of condom use in high-risk behaviour groups seems unsuccessful in reducing infection rates, especially among heterosexuals. The lack of information and the high mobility of the groups at risk of acquiring HIV infection have created tremendous challenges for outreach programmes. Heterosexual transmission represents the most important route of transmission in the country. When reflecting on the country's 2014 Millennium Development Goals, condom use during high-risk sex only reaches 43.5%, and only 21.3% of young people have a comprehensive knowledge about HIV/AIDS. The 2030 Millennium Development Goal Agenda offers an opportunity to catch up on goals that still need to be achieved. Therefore, efforts are underway to try to halt the epidemic by 2030 and also to ensure that all high-risk populations are included in this effort.

Topic: Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health
Subfield: General Health Professions
Field: Health Professions
Domain: Health Sciences
Optimal Impedance Matching and Quantum Limits of Electromagnetic Axion and Hidden-Photon Dark Matter Searches

For the first time, we determine the properties of the optimal single-moded, linear, passive search for electromagnetic coupling to axion and hidden-photon dark matter, subject to the Standard Quantum Limit on phase-insensitive amplification. We establish the parameters that must be considered to determine the optimal search: the impedance match to dark matter; receiver frequency-response and tuning; irreducible noise sources; and prior information on the dark-matter signal. Using complex-power flow equations, we identify two categories of coupling to the dark-matter signal: radiative and reactive. We motivate a focus on single-moded reactive couplings, as receivers using solely radiative couplings are limited in sensitivity by mismatch with the dark-matter source impedance. We define integrated sensitivity as a figure of merit in comparing searches over a wide frequency range and show that the Bode-Fano criterion sets a limit on integrated sensitivity in a reactively coupled receiver. We examine single-pole resonators, a broadly used form of reactive coupling, and show that when thermal noise dominates amplifier noise and noise matching is optimized, substantial sensitivity is available away from the resonator bandwidth. The Bode-Fano constraint establishes the single-pole resonator as near-ideal for single-moded dark-matter detection. Additionally, the optimized resonator is superior to the optimized reactive broadband receiver at all frequencies at which a resonator may practically be made. We optimize time allocation in a tunable resonator search using priors and derive quantum limits on resonant search sensitivity. At low frequencies, the application of our optimization may enhance scan rates by a few orders of magnitude. While our results broadly inform laboratory searches for light fields, they are the basis for DMRadio, a DOE-funded program in axion and hidden-photon detection.

Topic: Dark Matter and Cosmic Phenomena
Subfield: Nuclear and High Energy Physics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
miRNA Dysregulation in Breast Cancer

Abstract miRNAs have emerged, in the last decade, as key players in the carcinogenic process, with many candidates identified as playing important roles in many aspects of tumor development, growth, metastasis, and drug resistance. More recently, polymorphisms in miRNAs themselves or in their binding sites in target genes have been identified to incur increased risk of breast cancer in certain populations. In addition, epigenetic regulation and differential expression of processing enzymes has been shown to contribute to the aberrant expression of miRNAs in breast cancer. This review focuses on the area of miRNA dysregulation in breast cancer through both genetic and epigenetic mechanisms, and the impact of this dysregulation on breast cancer risk and resistance to therapies. Cancer Res; 73(22); 6554–62. ©2013 AACR.

Topic: MicroRNA in disease regulation
Subfield: Cancer Research
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
LHD HIBPcp #117640.1

Heavy Ion Beam Probe (HIBP) to measure electric potential, its fluctuation, density fluctuation, and their spatial profiles, which uses sputter-type negative ion source producing Au- and Cu- beams (<20 nA) with nominal acceleration voltage of the tandem accelerator is 3 MV.

Topic: Misinformation and Its Impacts
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Reason to Believe: Cultural Agency in Latin American Evangelicalism

Numerous studies have examined the explosive growth of Evangelicalism in parts of Latin America. David Smilde's book—grounded in several years of ethnographic field work in Venezuela—adds to our growing knowledge of this phenomenon by focusing on the practical reasons for conversion among impoverished men in Caracas. He documents how many of his respondents turned to Evangelicalism to cope with substance abuse, marital conflicts, and economic difficulties. Since drinking, drug use, and gambling are forbidden among Evangelicals, new converts find themselves in a social context where there is strong support for refraining from these activities. Moreover, their sense of masculinity is undercut by economic marginalization, which is compounded by Venezuela's macho culture. Evangelicalism, therefore, may be particularly appealing, since its emphasis on male headship in the family offers an alternative masculinity that reinforces men's authority. Perhaps most interesting is the author's discussion of how Evangelical men are able to absolve themselves from neighborhood vendettas since Evangelicals are not permitted to engage in violence and, therefore, they are no longer perceived as threats to their rivals. This religious identity even appears to deter street muggings since Venezuelan popular Catholicism grants respect to sacred items such as the Bibles Evangelicals often carry with them. Thus, the author notes, “a Bible-toting Evangelical is an image that frequently instills enough insecurity in would-be attackers to prevent an assault” (71).

Topic: Religion and Society in Latin America
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Anastomotic recurrence in the oesophagus complicating gastrectomy for adenocarcinoma of the stomach

Summary Gastric adenocarcinomas often spread to the distal oesophagus. Failure to control the disease in this area during total and proximal subtotal gastrectomy results in recurrence at the oesophageal anastomosis. The incidence of recurrence in a series of 351 such patients was 10 per cent and was influenced by the location of the main lesion, the stage of the disease, the presence of tumour at the margin of resection and the length of clearance of the oesophageal margin. Recurrences were prevented only with in vivo margins greater than 12 cm. Dysphagia combined with radiological signs of oesophageal obstruction was diagnostic of anastomotic recurrence regardless of the results obtained by oesophagoscopy and biopsy. Treatment was seldom effective in patients developing recurrence. Complete excision of the entire recurrent process offered the only hope for a long survival in these patients. Prevention by obtaining adequate oesophageal clearance at the time of gastrectomy is the only reasonable approach to this problem. The adequacy of resection cannot be judged accurately by intraoperative palpation of the oesophagus or by frozen section examination of the surgical margins.

Topic: Gastric Cancer Management and Outcomes
Subfield: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
2.5.2 Systems Engineering in an Outsourcing Environment

Abstract Outsourcing is the process of hiring someone else to do work that a business cannot, or does not wish to, do itself. While businesses have always done this, the entire field of outsourcing has taken on new dimensions and in the past few years has become vastly different from what it once was. Now companies are outsourcing significant portions of their core application development work overseas as well as areas such as order processing, help desks and others, justified by a lower cost per unit. As a result of overseas outsourcing, significant problems have arisen that either did not exist before or were easy to remedy when the work was done internally. Many of these problems can be traced to poor or missing requirements, a poor understanding of business processes, or to technology and security problems in the deliverables. This article discusses the role of systems engineering in avoiding or reducing the most significant problems. Rather than just gathering functional and performance requirements, systems engineers must now develop an entire requirements encyclopedia in order to provide enough information, do much more detailed business process analysis, and help develop testing and quality assurance approaches that can detect security back doors that may have been put into software products.

Topic: Systems Engineering Methodologies and Applications
Subfield: Control and Systems Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Biological activities and chemical analysis of phenolic and flavonoid components of<i>Thymus hirtus</i>Willd. and<i>Thymus lanceolatus</i>Desf. extracts

This work deals with the determination of the antioxidant and antimicrobial effects of the hydro-methanolic extract and its fractions of the aerial parts of two medicinal species of thyme: Thymus hirtus Willd and Thymus lanceolatus Desf. A chemical analysis by colorimetric and chromatographic methods was also carried out on the various extracts prepared. The results show that the polyphenol contents of diethyl ether and ethyl acetate extracts of Thymus hirtus are the highest (261.66 ± 3.66 and 272.80 ± 8.88 mgEAG/g.d.e, (respectively) while the largest amounts of flavonoids were observed in diethyl ether and chloroform extracts of Thymus lanceolatus (3.39 ± 0.03 and 3.13 ± 0.08 mg EQ/g.d.e, respectively). High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis of the hydro-methanolic extract revealed its richness in phenolic acids. Concerning antioxidant activity, the diethyl ether fraction of Thymus hirtus was found to be more active than other extracts and demonstrated strong free radical scavenging activity (SC 50 = 13.12 μg/mL) with very high protective capacity of the β- carotene–linoleic acid system (96.65 ± 0.720%). As for the antimicrobial activity, extracts of the species Thymus lanceolatus were the most active and the strains Staphylococcus aureus and Umpelopsis ramaniana were the most sensitive with an MIC (minimum inhibition concentration) ranging from 0.391 to 0.098 mg/mL.

Topic: Essential Oils and Antimicrobial Activity
Subfield: Food Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
<i>cis</i>-Dichloridobis(1,10-phenanthroline)cobalt(II) dimethylformamide solvate

In the title complex, [CoCl(2)(C(12)H(8)N(2))(2)]·C(3)H(7)NO, which has twofold rotation symmetry, the Co(II) cation is coordinated by two 1,10-phenanthroline (phen) mol-ecules and two chloride ligands in a distorted octa-hedral geometry. In the crystal structure, a cavity is created by six complex mol-ecules connected by C-H⋯π inter-actions and non-classical C-H⋯Cl hydrogen bonds. The cavities are occupied by the disordered dimethyl-formamide solvent mol-ecule. The C and N atoms of the C-N bond in the solvent mol-ecule also lie on a crystallographic twofold rotation axis; the remaining atoms of the solvent are statistically disordered (ratio 0.5:0.5) about this axis.

Topic: Metal complexes synthesis and properties
Subfield: Oncology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Structure of 2-Methyl-1-(phenylethynyl)cyclopentanol and of Its Co2(CO)6 and (C5H5)2Mo2(CO)4 Cluster Complexes Co2(CO)6 as a Conformational Switch

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStructure of 2-Methyl-1-(phenylethynyl)cyclopentanol and of Its Co2(CO)6 and (C5H5)2Mo2(CO)4 Cluster Complexes Co2(CO)6 as a Conformational SwitchKrisztina L. Malisza, Luc Girard, Donald W. Hughes, James F. Britten, and Michael J. McGlincheyCite this: Organometallics 1995, 14, 10, 4676–4684Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1995https://doi.org/10.1021/om00010a035Request reuse permissionsArticle Views76Altmetric-Citations9LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (967 KB) Get e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (2)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts

Topic: Organometallic Complex Synthesis and Catalysis
Subfield: Organic Chemistry
Field: Chemistry
Domain: Physical Sciences
Fabrication and Testing of Planar Stent Mesh Designs Using Carbon Infiltrated Carbon Nanotubes

This paper explores and demonstrates the potential of using pyrolitic carbon as a material for coronary stents. Stents are commonly fabricated from metal, which has worse biocompatibilty than many polymers and ceramics. Pyrolitic carbon, a ceramic, is currently used in medical implant devices due to its preferrable biocompatibility properties. It can be created by growing carbon nanotubes, and then filling the space between with amorpheous carbon via chemical vapor deposition. We prepared multiple samples of two different stent-like flexible geometry designs out of carbon infiltrated carbon nanotubes. Tension loads were applied to expand the samples and we recorded the forces at brittle failure. These data were then used in conjunction with a nonlinear FEA model of the stent geometry to determine Youngs modulus and maximum fracture strain for each sample. Additionally, images were recorded of the samples before, during, and at failure. These images were used to measure an overall percent elongation for each sample. The highest fracture strain observed was 1.4% and Youngs modulus values confirmed the the material was the similar to that used in previous carbon infiltrated carbon nanotube work. The average percent elongation was 86% and reached as high as 145%. This exceeds a typical target of 66%.

Topic: Orthopaedic implants and arthroplasty
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Yersiniabactin Is a Virulence Factor for Klebsiella pneumoniae

All in-text\treferences\tunderlined\tin\tblue\tare\tlinked\tto\tpublications\ton\tResearchGate, letting you\taccess\tand\tread\tthem\timmediately.

Topic: Yersinia bacterium, plague, ectoparasites research
Subfield: Genetics
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
News wars will not deter Philippines’s Duterte

Significance The SEC in January ordered Rappler to shut down for breaking foreign ownership laws, which Rappler denies. Critics suggest the move was a politically motivated attempt by President Rodrigo Duterte’s government to clamp down on news outlets critical of the government, which Duterte and his administration deny. Impacts The international community, for instance the EU, could decide to halt or cancel trade preferences. Improved Philippine internal security could enhance journalists’ safety, but money shortages will bedevil this effort. Any self-censorship by journalists could undermine public trust in the media and scrutiny of the government. Large Philippine television networks use PDRs and could be at risk if Rappler loses its court appeal.

Topic: Philippine History and Culture
Subfield: Anthropology
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Origin of leaf rust adult plant resistance gene <i>Rph20</i> in barley

Rph20 is the only reported, simply inherited gene conferring moderate to high levels of adult plant resistance (APR) to leaf rust ( Puccinia hordei Otth) in barley ( Hordeum vulgare L.). Key parental genotypes were examined to determine the origin of Rph20 in two-rowed barley. The Dutch cultivar ‘Vada’ (released in the 1950s) and parents, ‘Hordeum laevigatum’ and ‘Gull’ (‘Gold’), along with the related cultivar ‘Emir’ (a derivative of ‘Delta’), were assessed for APR to P. hordei in a disease screening nursery. The marker bPb-0837-PCR, co-located with Rph20 on the short arm of chromosome 5H (5HS), was used to screen genotypes for the resistance allele, Rph20.ai. Results from phenotypic assessment and DNA analysis confirmed that Rph20 originated from the landrace ‘H. laevigatum’ (i.e., Hordeum vulgare subsp. vulgare). Tracing back this gene through the pedigrees of two-rowed barley cultivars, indicated that Rph20 has contributed APR to P. hordei for more than 60 years. Although there have been no reports of an Rph20-virulent pathotype, the search for alternative sources of APR should continue to avoid widespread reliance upon a single resistance factor.

Topic: Wheat and Barley Genetics and Pathology
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
GAMBARAN MATURASI TULANG KARPAL DAN SERVIKAL PADA PASIEN ORTODONTI USIA 9-18 TAHUN (Studi foto karpal dan sefalometri)

Children development stage is determined by physical growth. The sequence of growing process is usually constant, however, the age at which children can reach a certain sequence varies individually. Determining skeletal maturation by evaluating <em>carpal </em>bone and <em>cervical vertebrae</em> is very helpful in conducting orthodontic diagnosis and in planning proper treatment. Such evaluation enables to estimate the time of growing process to accelerate or decelerate. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the stage of <em>carpal</em> bone and <em>cervical vertebrae</em> maturation in orthodontic patients at the age of 9 to 18. Samples were 83 cephalograms and hand wrist x-ray from 52 girls and 31 boys. The result of this study showed that the stage of carpal bone and cervical vertebrae maturation in girls and boys in the same age group varies greatly. Girls at the age of 11 to 12 demonstrated highest variation in the stage of maturation. In the same age group of sample, all stages of the maturation indicator were found, such as <em>epiphysis</em> is as wide as <em>diaphysis</em>, the<em> capping</em> of <em>epiphysis</em>, as well as variation in <em>epiphysis</em> fusion. These kinds of variations also occurred in the cervical vertebrae maturation stage, where it varies from cervical vertebrae stage 2 to 6. On the other hand, boys showed highest variation at the age of 13 to 14. This study suggests that there was a matching pattern between <em>carpal</em> bone and <em>cervical vertebrae</em> maturation.

Topic: Dermatoglyphics and Human Traits
Subfield: Genetics
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Flexible fibreoptic rhinolaryngoscopy. Results of 338 consecutive examinations.

Flexible fibreoptic rhinolaryngoscopy has been shown to be an accurate, reliable, inexpensive and safe method of examining the upper aero-digestive tract (Lancer and Moir, 1985). The results of 338 consecutive examinations are reported.

Topic: Nasal Surgery and Airway Studies
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
398. Site-Specific Introduction of Chimeric Antigen Receptors to Primary Human T Cells

In current clinical trials, delivery of an anti-cancer chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) to patient T cells is accomplished using randomly integrating retroviruses. Designer nucleases and AAV donor templates allow an alternative delivery method that introduces the CAR gene cassette at a target locus via homologous recombination, with concomitant disruption of the endogenous gene. Here we show high-efficiency introduction of anti-CD19 and anti-BCMA CAR expression cassettes in primary human T cells at two clinically relevant loci: CCR5 and TCRa. These gene-targeted CAR+ cells (tCARs) exhibit equivalent activity in vitro against CD19+ and BCMA+ cell lines compared to lentiviral-delivered CARs, and effectively clear tumor in a murine xenograft model. Advantages over lentiviral delivery include utilization of a defined integration site for the CAR construct linked with endogenous gene disruption. The use of specific nucleases and AAV for CAR delivery expands the possibilities for a precisely engineered cell therapy product in the clinic. For example, a CCR5-tCAR may be clinically useful in HIV+ patients, where traditional delivery methods leave therapeutic cells vulnerable to HIV infection and elimination. Moreover, a TCRa-tCAR could allow for off-the-shelf CAR therapy, potentially removing limitations to current approaches. Finally, the approach described here is broadly applicable for targeted delivery of alternative therapeutic cassettes at translationally relevant sites across the human genome.

Topic: CAR-T cell therapy research
Subfield: Oncology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Live Vessels’ Monitoring using Geographic Information and Internet of Things

The purpose of this paper is to present the GIS Vessels Monitoring Platform, an integration platform, which collects information from various, heterogeneous internal and external sources and represents the collected information in a uniform way using a Geographical Information System. Furthermore, the collected information from Internet of Things (IoT) data sources for various critical parameters, such as the engine performance, gas emissions, navigation and vessel performance, is further used for analysis and as an input to both a decision support and an alerting system operated by the Maritime Company that monitors the vessels. More specifically, the paper discusses how the platform provides the management company and their departments with all the necessary information for monitoring a vessel in near real time. © 2022 IEEE.

Topic: Maritime Navigation and Safety
Subfield: Ocean Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences