jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
The effect of a mixed circuit training on muscle synthesis’s indices, neurotrophic factors, and physical fitness in elderly women: A randomized controlled trial

<title>Abstract</title> <bold>Background:</bold> Regular physical activity can improve muscle synthesis, cognitive function, and physical fitness and consequently delay the side effects of aging. However, the effect of circuit training which is a combination of resistance and aerobic exercise is still unknown. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of 8 weeks of a mixed circuit of aerobic and resistance training on serum levels of muscle synthesis indices, neurotrophic factors, and physical fitness in elderly women. <bold>Methods:</bold> A total of 24 healthy elderly females (age 65±3 years) were recruited and randomly divided into two groups as follows: Mixed Circuit Training (MCT, n=12) and Control (C, n=12). Participants in the MCT group performed circuit training (three times a week at an intensity of 40-60% of 1 repetition maximum) for 8 weeks. Participants in the C group did not received any intervention. Serum levels of growth hormone (GH), Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF_1), brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), nerve growth factor (NGF), and physical fitness (cardiovascular fitness, muscular endurance, and balance) were measured before and after the eight weeks of intervention. <bold>Results:</bold> Serum levels of GH, IGF-1, BDNF, and, NGF were increased in the MCT group after eight weeks (p ˂0.001). Cardiovascular fitness, muscular endurance, and balance were also improved in the MCT group after eight weeks of intervention (p ˂0.001). <bold>Conclusions:</bold> A mixed circuit training could improve muscle synthesis, neurotrophic factors, and physical fitness in elderly women. To confirm these results, further studies are recommended. <bold>Trial registration</bold> Retrospectively registered. IRCT20240108060648N1. Registration date: 2024/02/12. URL:<bold> </bold>https://irct.behdasht.gov.ir/search/result?query=IRCT20240108060648N1

Topic: Muscle Physiology and Disorders
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Understanding the Increase in Disability Insurance Benefit Receipt in the United States

The share of working-age Americans receiving disability benefits from the federal Disability Insurance (DI) program has increased significantly in recent decades, from 2.2 percent in the late 1970s to 3.6 percent in the years immediately preceding the 2007–2009 recession and 4.6 percent in 2013. With the federal Disability Insurance Trust Fund currently projected to be depleted in 2016, Congressional action of some sort is likely to occur within the next several years. It is therefore a good time to sort out the competing explanations for the increase in disability benefit receipt and to review some of the ideas that economists have put forth for reforming US disability programs.

Topic: Retirement, Disability, and Employment
Subfield: Demography
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Food Policy in Besieged Leningrad (1941–1944)

The article deals with the problems of supplying Leningrad residents with food in the conditions of the blockade during the Great Patriotic War. In September 1941, a consistent decrease in the norms for issuing products by cards began. The caloric content of food has significantly decreased, their quality has deteriorated. Difficulties in supplying the population led to the spread of food theft and caused an increase in speculation. At the same time, the limited food funds allocated by the State to supply civilians did not allow them to fully meet their food needs. A significant reduction in the range of food products and everyday items, the transition to a system of standardized distribution, extremely low calorie content of food and a decrease in its consumption became characteristic features of the war period.

Topic: Soviet and Russian History
Subfield: Political Science and International Relations
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
A Study on the Method to Preserve Architectural Asset through "Heritage Density Transfer" - Focused on a System to Preserve Heritage Building in the City of Vancouver

초록·키워드 목차 오류제보하기 건축자산의 자발적 등록이 미비한 것은 사적 ‘재산’ 개념과 공공의 ‘자산’ 개념 사이의 간극이 소극적 혜택(보조금, 법적 완화 등)으로 축소되기 어렵기 때문이다. 따라서 본 연구의 목적은 자발적 건축자산의 보존 정책 대안을 찾기 위해 벤쿠버시의 "Heritage Density Transfer(HDT)" 개념과 실행체계를 분석하는 것이다. 연구의 결과, 우리나라의 건축자산은 제도상 대중적 인지가 모호하고, 공공 매입 및 활용 중심이며, 등록 후 지원효과가 미비하여 실효성이 약했다. 반면, 벤쿠버시는 유산건축물 보존 및 활용 동기를 이해관계의 조절 및 관리 영역으로서 정의하며, 형평성 관점에서 경제적 상실가치의 보존을 지향한다. 또한 지역 어메니티의 공급과 연동하여 건축자산이 공익적으로 활용될 수 있도록 혜택을 주고 있었다. 무엇보다 HDT는 건축자산 등록과 밀도 어메니티 은행(HAB)을 통해 소유주의 상실자산 가치를 공식화한다. 또한 밀도 거래를 매개로 소유주와 개발자는 상호적 이해관계가 연동되도록 개발허가와 행정절차를 이행하였다. 본 연구는 기존 소극적 공공지원 방식 연구와 달리 실효성 부족 이유의 핵심인 이해관계의 간극을 축소하는 실질적 대안을 찾는 차별성을 갖는다. 후속 연구는 건축자산진흥구역, 특별계획 및 건축구역 등과 연계한 한국형 HTD 적용 건축자산 보존 방식을 제안할 것이다. #Architectural Asset #Voluntary Register #Vancouver Heritage Preservation(VHP) #Heritage Density Transfer(HDT) #Heritage Amenity Bank(HAB) #Community Amenity Contribution(CAC) 요약Abstract1. 서론2. 건축자산의 제도·실행적 한계3. 벤쿠버시 유산건축자산 보존정책 개념과 체계4. 벤쿠버시의 HDT의 실행체계5. 결론References

Topic: Diverse Topics in Contemporary Research
Subfield: Cultural Studies
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Soil moisture levels and their relation to water potentials of cotton leaves

Simultaneous measurements of volumetric water content (?) in the soil profile by neutron scattering (NP), time domain refiectometry (TDR), and tensiometers (TENS), and leaf water potential (LWP) were carried out in a commercial cotton field under semi-arid conditions. The good correlation between averaged ? values by TENS and TDR suggests that the preferred TDR technique can replace the more commonly used TENS. Slopes of the linear relations between LWP and ? increase in the order NP&amp;lt;TDR&amp;lt;TENS This order may be explained by the combination of the ‘sphere-of-influence’ soil volume and the specific property of the water molecules sensed by the particular measuring technique.

Topic: Irrigation Practices and Water Management
Subfield: Soil Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
The Producer as Artist

Abstract Further analyses the question of artistic merit, starting from a critical discussion of Benjamin and Adorno using aspects of Kant's theory of art. Focuses on a clarification of the relations between politics, artistic merit, and aesthetic experience. Culminates in the introduction of critical aesthetics as a key methodological notion.

Topic: Art, Politics, and Modernism
Subfield: Visual Arts and Performing Arts
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Nanoparticle‐Bound Cytolytic Peptide Prodrugs for Cancer Therapy

Objective To develop a nanoparticle platform which promotes the delivery of cytolytic peptide prodrugs to tumors and their activation by locally produced proteases. Introduction: Melittin is a peptide toxin derived from bee venom which has been proposed as a cancer therapy due to its cytolytic activity. Yet, its therapeutic applications have been limited by its nonspecific cytotoxicity and rapid clearance from the circulation. We have previously developed a prodrug form of melittin which is activated upon cleavage by matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP‐9), a protease closely linked with tumor growth and metastasis. Here, we present a platform for delivery of this prodrug based on a perfluorocarbon nanoparticle system designed to enhance intratumoral accumulation while permitting prodrug activation by local MMP‐9 activity. Methods and Results: Incubation of the melittin prodrug with perfluorocarbon nanoparticles (NPs) resulted in stable loading of 10,250 peptides per NP with no significant change in NP size. Addition of 20 nM MMP‐9 led to activation of 57.8% of NP‐bound prodrug within 3 hours. B16F10 melanoma cell viability was virtually eliminated following incubation with 50 μM free or NP‐bound prodrug in the presence of MMP‐9 (p &lt; 0.001 compared to control). In a mouse model of B16F10 lung metastasis, NP accumulation in lung tumors was demonstrated by both fluorescence microscopy (Figure A; NPs in red) and quantitative 19 F magnetic resonance spectroscopy (Figure B). Gelatin zymography confirmed production of active MMP‐9 by these tumors. Conclusion Perfluorocarbon nanoparticles accumulate within tumors and permit activation of bound prodrugs, making them promising delivery vehicles for cytolytic peptide agents. Research Support: NIH R01 HL073646 image image

Topic: Healthcare and Venom Research
Subfield: Pharmacology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
The invasive Nearctic wasp Isodontia mexicana (Hymenoptera, Sphecidae) now established in Türkiye

The genus Isodontia Patton, 1880, consisting of grass-carrying wasps belonging to the family Sphecidae, has 62 described species distributed worldwide. Two are native to the Western Palaearctic and occur in Türkiye: Isodontia paludosa (Rossi, 1790) and Isodontia splendidula (A. Costa, 1858). Isodontia mexicana (de Saussure, 1867) and Isodontia nigella (F. Smith, 1856) are non-native species recorded in the Western Palaearctic. Former is the North American species of the genus, accidentally introduced into Europe and spread to many countries. This study reports for the first-time presence of Isodontia mexicana in Türkiye. The present record from near the western edge of Asia Minor constitutes the second locality where the species was detected in the Asian continent after Iran. Differential morphologic characters for the species are provided and illustrated. This new species record brings the number of Sphecidae fauna of Türkiye to 80.

Topic: Plant and animal studies
Subfield: Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Altering Residues N125 and D149 Impacts Sugar Effector Binding and Allosteric Parameters in <i>Escherichia coli</i> Lactose Repressor

Lactose repressor protein (LacI), a negative transcriptional regulator in Escherichia coli, relies on an allosteric conformational change for its function. The LacI effector isopropyl-β,D-thiogalactoside (IPTG) promotes this allosteric response and engages the side chains of residues N125 and D149 based on the crystallographic structure of LacI·IPTG. Targeted molecular dynamics (TMD) simulations have indicated involvement of these side chains during the protein structural changes in response to inducer binding. To examine this region further, we applied stochastic boundary molecular dynamics (SBMD) simulation and identified a transient interaction between residues N125 and D149. On the basis of these data, we introduced substitutions for either/both residues and analyzed their impact on protein function. The substitutions utilized were alanine to preclude hydrogen bonding or cysteine to allow disulfide bond formation, which was not observed for N125C/D149C. Minimal impacts were observed on operator affinity for all substitutions, but D149C, N125A/D149A, and N125C/D149C bound to IPTG with 5-8-fold lower affinity than wild-type LacI, and exhibited decreased allosteric amplitude (K(RI/O)/K(R/O)). Of interest, the double mutants did not exhibit an allosteric response to an alternate inducer, 2-phenylethyl-β,D-galactoside (PhEG), despite demonstration of PhEG binding. Further, the presence of the anti-inducer, o-nitrophenyl-β,D-fucoside (ONPF), enhanced operator affinity for wild-type LacI and all other mutant proteins examined, but behaved as an inducer for N125A/D149A, decreasing operator binding affinity. These results confirm the role of residues 125 and 149 in ligand binding and allosteric response and illustrate how readily the function of a regulatory protein can be altered.

Topic: Bacterial Genetics and Biotechnology
Subfield: Genetics
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Five Regions of the Pea Genome Co-Control Partial Resistance to D. pinodes, Tolerance to Frost, and Some Architectural or Phenological Traits

Evidence for reciprocal links between plant responses to biotic or abiotic stresses and architectural and developmental traits has been raised using approaches based on epidemiology, physiology, or genetics. Winter pea has been selected for years for many agronomic traits contributing to yield, taking into account architectural or phenological traits such as height or flowering date. It remains nevertheless particularly susceptible to biotic and abiotic stresses, among which Didymella pinodes and frost are leading examples. The purpose of this study was to identify and resize QTL localizations that control partial resistance to D. pinodes, tolerance to frost, and architectural or phenological traits on pea dense genetic maps, considering how QTL colocalizations may impact future winter pea breeding. QTL analysis revealed five metaQTLs distributed over three linkage groups contributing to both D. pinodes disease severity and frost tolerance. At these loci, the haplotypes of alleles increasing both partial resistance to D. pinodes and frost tolerance also delayed the flowering date, increased the number of branches, and/or decreased the stipule length. These results question both the underlying mechanisms of the joint control of biotic stress resistance, abiotic stress tolerance, and plant architecture and phenology and the methods of marker-assisted selection optimizing stress control and productivity in winter pea breeding.

Topic: Genetic and Environmental Crop Studies
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Media Pembelajaran Pengenalan Alat Transportasi, Musik, dan Benda di Sekolah bagi Siswa Tunarungu Sekolah Dasar

A remarkable school – B (SLB) YRTRW Surakarta is a spesial school for children with special school for children with special needs to help provide education. According to a survey of SLB-B YRTRW Surakarta, it is difficult for students to get the names of objects right anf there are still mistakes, and it is also difficult for students to play because the learing methods are less interesting and therefore not focus on the material presented by teachers. An alternative or solution is to provide the learning media in the form of applications. The appication is called BELMA (together learning) abaout the introduction of transportation tools, Musical Instruments, and objects in the school environment for fourth-grade elementary school students. The founding of the media of education is a method for observation, analysis or problem identification, and interviews. The result of research based on questionnaires are 87.871%, and this application can thus help the learning process. The purpose of this study is to be expected to help both tearchers and students in the learning process in class so that students can be quick to understand and enthusiastic about material delivery.

Topic: Educational Methods and Media Use
Subfield: Information Systems
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
3D Computational Fluid Dynamics Analysis of a Convective Drying Chamber

The drying industry has grown considerably due to the tremendous demand for non-perishable food. Convective drying is one of the most popular equipment in the drying industry (food, chemical, pharmaceutical, etc.). One of the drawbacks of this equipment, when used for convective drying, is the non-uniformity in the final product quality. This study presents the development of a numerical model through Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD). The drying chamber of a heat pump dryer is assessed from the perspective of drying air velocity and temperature profiles. The model was developed by solving different transport phenomena-related equations. The established methodology was set up to evaluate how the drying air velocity and temperature distribution affect the drying chamber. These results will define if there is a need to redesign it. The air velocity and temperature profile results show a need to redesign the chamber. Only trays 2, 3, and 4 are the ones that would achieve the drying of the products. The proposed solution is to implement air distributors or modify the tray positioning to make the drying air and temperature distribution homogeneous.

Topic: Food Drying and Modeling
Subfield: Food Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Evaluating the efficacy of independent versus simultaneous management strategies to address ecological and genetic threats to population viability

Abstract Small, declining populations can face simultaneous, interacting, ecological and genetic threats to viability. Conservation management strategies designed to tackle such threats independently may then prove ineffective. Population viability analyses that evaluate the efficacy of management strategies implemented independently versus simultaneously are then essential to the design of effective management plans, yet such quantitative evaluations are typically lacking. We used stochastic individual‐based models, parameterised with high‐quality multi‐year demographic and genetic data, to evaluate the efficacy of independent or simultaneous ecological (supplementary feeding) and genetic (translocations to alleviate inbreeding) management strategies for a red‐billed chough ( Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax ) population of major conservation concern. This population is experiencing ecological threats from food limitation and genetic threats from escalating inbreeding. Conservation managers therefore face a dilemma: supplementary feeding may be ineffective if inbreeding is limiting stochastic population growth rate ( λ s ), while translocations may be ineffective if food is limiting. Model simulations suggested that the focal population will decline to extinction relatively rapidly with no conservation management (mean λ s ≈ 0.86) and with genetic management alone ( λ s ≈ 0.90). Ecological management alone reduced, but did not halt the population decline ( λ s ≈ 0.93). However, simultaneous genetic and ecological management yielded population stability ( λ s ≈ 1), with genetic rescue lasting ~25 years. These outcomes arose because the capacity for translocations to alleviate inbreeding depression is limited by food availability, while supplementary feeding cannot achieve population viability in the presence of accumulating inbreeding. However, supplementary feeding improved environmental quality enough to allow expression of variance in fitness and thus inbreeding depression, meaning that reductions in inbreeding following translocations can increase λ s . Synthesis and applications . Our analyses suggest that simultaneous management of ecological and genetic threats will be critical to ensuring viability of Scotland's chough population; neither strategy independently is likely to achieve population persistence and may consequently waste conservation resources. Managers of other resource‐limited, inbred populations should consider that the efficacy of strategies designed to alleviate ecological and genetic threats may be interdependent, such that holistic management is essential to ensure population viability.

Topic: Genetic and phenotypic traits in livestock
Subfield: Genetics
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
EVALUATION OF POTATO PEEL EXTRACT AS A SOURCE OF ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTIMICROBIAL SUBSTANCES

Antioxidant and antimicrobial substances were extracted from potato peels by using different solvents (water and both methanol and ethanol at a concentration of 80 and 100 %). The potato peel extracts were evaluated for yield extract, antioxidants activity, total phenols and total flavonoids. The best extracts were selected for their efficacy as an antioxidant and antimicrobial. The proximate composition of dried potato peels indicated that total carbohydrates (65.47 %) were the major compound, while total lipids (2.60 %) were the minor compound. Potato peel methanol extract at concentration 80 % (PPME) had higher yield extract (10.42 %), total phenols (3.78 mg GAE g-1 DW), total flavonoids (0.13 mg Rutine g-1 DW) and antioxidants activity (80.86 %) than other solvent extracts. The vanillic (176.64 µg/ l) and hesperdin (6058.52 µg/ l) were the most abundant phenolic and flavonoid compounds, respectively in PPME. Induction period (using Rancimat instrument) was increased from 5.95 hr for sunflower oil free from PPME to 10. 9 and 11 hr for sunflower oil containing 200 and 400 ppm of PPME, respectively, comparing with 14 hr for sunflower oil containing 200 ppm of butyl hydroxyl toluene (BHT). PPME at 400 ppm was more effective in inhibiting of both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria and C. albicans than ampicillin.

Topic: Potato Plant Research
Subfield: Food Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
PENGEMBANGAN WORKBOOK BERBASIS JELAJAH&#13;\nALAM SEKITAR (JAS) UNTUK SMA/MA KELAS X &#13;\nMATERI POKOK SUHU DAN KALOR &#13;\n

The purpose of this study is to develop a workbook by applying Jelajah &#13;\nAlam Sekitar (JAS) approach for the first grade students of SMA/MA on&#13;\ntemperature and heat subject matter and to know the workbook quality assessment&#13;\nbased on peer reviewers, matter experts, media specialists, physics teachers of&#13;\nSMA/MA and the response of SMA/MA’s students. &#13;\nThis study is a development research (R &amp; D) with Dick and Carey model&#13;\nis done till formative evaluation phase. The data in this study are obtained by&#13;\nusing questionnaire and suggestion sheet. The data obtained from questionnaire&#13;\nare analyzed quantitatively. Suggestion sheet’s data is used to improve the&#13;\nworkbook contents and structure. &#13;\nThe results of this study is a workbook based on Jelajah Alam Sekitar&#13;\n(JAS) approach for the first grade students of SMA/MA on temperature and heat&#13;\nsubject matter. The result of assessment of the peer reviewers, matter experts,&#13;\nmedia specialists and physics teachers of SMA/MA are very good with ideal&#13;\npercentage respectively reached 89.53 %, 87.2 %, 88.75 % and 88.55 %. Student&#13;\nresponses for workbook on the small trial and field indicate that the students are&#13;\nvery agree to it with ideal percentage on each trial is 86.18% and 86.47%. &#13;\n&#13;\nKey word: Workbook, Jelajah Alam Sekitar (JAS), Heat and Temperature

Topic: Lepidoptera: Biology and Taxonomy
Subfield: Genetics
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Exploring How Student Activists Experience Marginality and Mattering During Interactions with Student Affairs Professionals

This study examines student activists' interactions with student affairs professionals. Guided by Schlossberg's (1989) marginality and mattering framework, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 10 student activists. Student activists experienced marginalization in three ways (1) misperceptions of student organizing, (2) not feeling heard, and (3) lacking authentic interaction with student affairs professionals. The article concludes with a discussion of the myriad of ways that student affairs professionals can positively engage with student activists.

Topic: Higher Education Research Studies
Subfield: Education
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Survival and Extinction: Deconstruction, Extinction Studies, Paleontology

What is extinction? What is the difference between death and extinction? Between evolution (surviving as other) and extinction (not surviving at all)? This article begins by considering the articulation of extinction in Extinction Studies. Combining rigorous philosophical insights with cutting-edge scientific research, Extinction Studies offers one of the best understandings we have: the extinct is not "what it is" (absolutely gone), but remains (in both senses of the word). The extinct's absence survives, calling to us from beyond the grave. However, I argue almost the exact opposite in this article: extinction is remainderless. And extinction itself is going extinct.

Topic: Environmental Philosophy and Ethics
Subfield: Nature and Landscape Conservation
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences