jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Rank consistency of TOPSIS in mobile based recommendation system

The Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) algorithm was chosen as an algorithm for making recommendations in many mobile recommender system application, such as in mobile-based sports venue recommendation system. In the previous work, usability testing was conducted to test the user acceptance of the application, but the reliability of TOPSIS hasn't been tested yet. The accuracy testing is very subjective for problems in terms of sports venue recommendations, therefore, this research proposed rank consistency testing to find out if there is a rank reversal (the first ranking is swapped with the latest ranking) when there is a change in the number of alternatives (alternatives in this case are the sports venues). The contribution of this research is to find out the reliability of the TOPSIS algorithm in the issue of mobile-based sports venue recommendation system. The test scenario is held by adding one alternative with the same value as one of the existing alternatives. Based on the results of tests for this case, the rank consistency result shows 100% of rank consistency and there is also no rank reversal.

Topic: Multi-Criteria Decision Making
Subfield: Management Science and Operations Research
Field: Decision Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
On the Graduates' Employment from the Perspective of Population Flow: Based on the Investigation of Some University Students in Central and Western Regions

This paper analyzes the graduates' from the perspective of population flow. The author analyzes the graduates' choices of urban-rural flow, regional flow, industry flow, urban-urban flow, the infeasibility of choosing after job employment and the permanent occupation.on the ground of graduates' regional flow, industry flow, rural-urban flow, urban-urban flow and so on. This paper points out that in a certain sense, the highly single-directed population flow is the real reason that results in graduates' difficulty. The fundamental factors leading to the phenomenon are demonstrated as income gap in different areas and fields in the background of binary economy and the household register system leading to the obstruction of graduates' flow and so on. The correct method of resolving graduates' problem can be started by narrowing the distance of binary economy.

Topic: Regional Economic and Spatial Analysis
Subfield: Economics and Econometrics
Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance
Domain: Social Sciences
Hemoglobin S polymerization and sickle cell disease: A retrospective on the occasion of the 70th anniversary of Pauling's <i>Science</i> paper

Abstract 70 years ago, Linus Pauling, the legendary genius of 20 th century chemistry, published his famous work on the molecular cause of sickle cell disease, a paper that gave birth to what is now called molecular medicine. In this paper, Pauling left important questions unanswered that have motivated an enormous amount of scientific and clinical research since then. This retrospective discusses the basic science studies that have answered those questions directly related to the kinetics and thermodynamics of hemoglobin S polymerization.

Topic: Hemoglobinopathies and Related Disorders
Subfield: Genetics
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Aluminum Alloy, Drawn Round Seamless Tubing 1.25Mn - 0.12Cu (3003-H14) Strain Hardened

&lt;div class="section abstract"&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;This specification covers an aluminum alloy in the form of seamless drawn tubing.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

Topic: Metal Forming Simulation Techniques
Subfield: Mechanical Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Response of Transitional Mixtures Retaining Memory of In-Situ Overburden Pressure Monitored Using Electromagnetic and Piezo Crystal Sensors

The major and minor components in granular soil materials determine their properties and behavior. This study explores the transitional behavior within threshold fines fraction of soil mixtures based on the data from the literature and experiments. From the literature survey, the void ratio, shear wave velocity, compression index, and friction angle capture the transitional turning point between the low and data-adjusted high threshold fines fractions. In particular, there is a dramatic change in hydraulic conductivity below the low threshold fines fraction that highlights the critical role of small amounts of fines in the fluid flow (e.g., clogging). From an experimental study, the engineering properties of natural soil samples identified using deformation and elastic wave sensors show transitional trends within the Revised Soil Classification System framework. The evolution of compressibility and shear wave velocity indicate that either coarse, fine, or both particles are likely to contribute to large and small strain stiffnesses when the effective stress is below 400 kPa. Thereafter, both engineering properties indicate that the soil sample retains a memory of in-situ overburden pressure when the effective stress is around 400 kPa. There is a critical role of fines that are slightly higher than low threshold fines fraction on engineering properties that promote the application of Revised Soil Classification System RSCS to natural soils.

Topic: Geotechnical Engineering and Soil Mechanics
Subfield: Civil and Structural Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Asia-Pacific

In 2006, Hanky Gunawan, an Indonesian national, was sentenced to 15 years' imprisonment by a district court in Surabaya, Indonesia's second-largest city, for producing and distributing large quantities of ecstasy. Both the prosecution and Mr Gunawan appealed to the provincial high court, and his sentence was increased to 18 years. The prosecution appealed again, this time to the Supreme Court, objecting to the perceived leniency of the sentence. In 2010, the Court sentenced him to death by firing squad. However, the following year, the Court reopened the case and a new panel of judges re-examined it. The new panel reinstated the first instance sentence of 15 years, thereby saving Gunawan from death. It held that the death penalty was unconstitutional because the Constitution provided an absolute right to life. By initially imposing the death penalty, then, the Supreme Court had made a judicial error. To add weight to this finding, the new panel also pointed to Article 3 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights ('Everyone has the right to life...') and Article 4 of Indonesia's domestic Human Rights Law, which provides the same right.

Topic: Asian Studies and History
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
A retrospective study on the incidence of lymphocytic gastritis in patients with Helicobacter pylori infection.

To investigate the relationship between lymphocytic gastritis and H. pylori infection, antral biopsy specimens from 162 patients with histological evidence of H. pylori infection, and from 177 subjects without colonization were retrospectively examined. Among patients with antral colonization, lymphocytic gastritis was identified in 8 cases (4.9%). Lymphocytic gastritis was not detected in specimens without H. pylori infection. Quantitation of the epithelial lymphocytic infiltration was carried out in all specimens and showed that cases with lymphocytic gastritis had a mean of 35.3 lymphocytes per 100 epithelial cells, compared with a mean of 2.6 and 2.4 respectively in chronic gastritis and normal mucosa. Among the 331 patients without lymphocytic gastritis, specimens colonized by H. pylori had a mean of epithelial lymphocyte counts significantly higher than those observed in both chronic gastritis and normal mucosa. These findings show a positive correlation between antral colonization by H. pylori and occurrence of lymphocytic gastritis, and suggest that the bacteria may have an important role in the induction of such particular form of antral inflammation.

Topic: Helicobacter pylori-related gastroenterology studies
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Strength of Concrete Struts in Three-Dimensional Strut-Tie Models

The design of structural concrete using strut-tie models requires establishing the effective strength of concrete struts, ensuring sufficient anchorage of reinforcing bars in nodal zones, and the geometric compatibility of the strut-tie model within the member geometry. In this paper, a consistent and general method applicable to three-dimensional (3D) strut-tie models is presented. The proposed method includes the effects of 3D stresses associated with tensile strains in reinforcing bars crossing a strut, strut length, deviation angle between strut orientation and compressive principal stress flow, compressive strength of concrete, and degree of confinement provided by reinforcement. The proposed method is implemented and then verified using data from 115 reinforced concrete pile caps tested to failure.

Topic: Structural Behavior of Reinforced Concrete
Subfield: Building and Construction
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Optimization of the crash behaviour of the magnetic-levitation train Transrapid

Analyzing crash and impact situations of high-speed trains requires numerical simulation tools. The paper describes the use of Finite-Element methods to simulate possible crash situations of the magnetic-levitation train Transrapid TR07. Experimental testing at lower velocities provides the FE-model with input parameters and approves the numerical method for studying collisions under safety considerations. The simulation of high-speed impacts makes the damage to the system visible and allows an assessment of the effects on passengers. By means of numerical simulation it was also possible to improve system components in order to obtain an optimal crash behaviour of the overall system. (orig.)

Topic: Magnetic Bearings and Levitation Dynamics
Subfield: Control and Systems Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
[The genital microflora in the stallion--microbiological study of presecretion samples from 1972 to 1991].

From 1972 to 1991, presecretion on an average of 183 stallions per year had been examined. Facultatively pathogenic germs were ascertained in 13.5% of the samples. However, the portion showed considerable annual fluctuation, as did the percentage of the different kinds of germs. In most of the cases, only minimal growth had been observed in culture. Except for the total percentage, these results are contradictory to those we found during the examination of cervical swabs of mares. In order to ascertain the importance of the respective results and to render possible a correct interpretation, the constancy of the facultatively pathogenic germs was investigated additionally. It was distinctly dependent on the quantity and--to a lesser extent--on the kind of the germs as well. According to the present results, minimal growth in culture throughout only indicates a temporary colonization of the genitals. These results--except for the indication of CEMO--may be neglected, unless otherwise indicated by clinical findings or by anamnesis.

Topic: Milk Quality and Mastitis in Dairy Cows
Subfield: Agronomy and Crop Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Numerical modelling of interface scattering of seismic wavefield from a random rough interface in an acoustic medium: comparison between 2D and 3D cases

ABSTRACT Seismic wavefield scattering from a statistically randomly rough interface in a multilayered piecewise homogeneous medium is studied in 3D. The influence of the surface roughness on the scattered wavefield is analysed numerically by using a finite‐difference operator in the acoustic domain. Since interface scattering in the real practical sense is a 3D physical phenomenon, we show in this work that the scattering response of a randomly rough interface is not the same in 3D situations as in the 2D cases described in some earlier works. For a given interface roughness height in 3D, an interface roughness height at least three times greater is required to produce an equivalent phase scattering effect in 2D situations, for a given correlation length of the interface roughness scale. Based on observations from spectral analysis, we show that scattering results principally in de‐phasing and frequency band‐limiting of the incident wavefront, the frequency band‐limiting properties being comparable to cases reported in the literature for absorption and thin‐layer filtering. The interface scattering phenomenon should be critically considered when using amplitude and phase information from seismic signal during inversion processes.

Topic: Seismic Imaging and Inversion Techniques
Subfield: Geophysics
Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences
Domain: Physical Sciences
Hg<sup>2+</sup> Detection by New Anthracene Pendant-Arm Derivatives of Mixed N/S- and N/S/O-Donor Macrocycles: Fluorescence, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry and Density Functional Theory Studies

The optical response of four new anthracenylmethyl pendant-arm derivatives (L1-L4) of the macrocyclic ligands [12]aneNS(3), [12]aneNS(2)O, [15]aneNS(2)O(2), and [12]aneN(2)SO toward the metal ions Zn(2+), Cd(2+), Pb(2+), Cu(2+), Hg(2+), Ag(+), Fe(2+), Co(2+), Ni(2+), Mn(2+), Ca(2+), Na(+), Mg(2+), and K(+) was investigated in 1:1 (v/v) MeCN/H(2)O solutions. A strong chelation enhancement of quenching effect was observed on the fluorescent emission intensity of L2 as a consequence of the host-guest interaction with Hg(2+) and the formation of a 1:2 metal-to-ligand complex. Density functional theory calculations confirmed the formation of a sandwich-type complex between L2 and Hg(2+) as a favorable process. A matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) time-of-flight mass spectrometry study using the four ligands as active MALDI probes was also performed. L1-L4 have also been explored as fluorescence chemosensors in microsamples using NANODROP technology.

Topic: Molecular Sensors and Ion Detection
Subfield: Spectroscopy
Field: Chemistry
Domain: Physical Sciences
Structural Analysis of Catalase from Two Musa Accessions, FHIA18 and Williams, and from Ravenala madagascariensis

Nucleotide sequences of catalase were obtained following amplification using specific primers and were blasted against Musa acuminata catalase 2 mRNA from NCBI (157418810). Clustering of the amino acid sequences from NCBI was done using Clustal X. The latter revealed that FHIA18 catalase is more related to Ravenala madagascariensis (Musa relative) catalase while the Williams catalase is more related to a clade containing a Musa acuminata (Musa ancestor) catalase from NCBI. The tertiary structures and the catalase consensus functional sites, based on the Pseudomonas syringae catalase structural template, were obtained for FHIA18, Williams, Ravenala madagascariensis and Musa acuminata catalases. They were found to differ slightly. Using known features of catalase active sites, four pre-requisite criteria were defined to find such sites: (1) Position of tyrosine axial to heme determined by X-ray diffraction, (2) 7 conserved amino acids in the active site found by sequence alignment, (3) favourable docking energy, and (4) presence of an unobstructed long tunnel that leads the ligand to the active site. Two differing potential docking sites were found for both FHIA18 and Williams that fit a maximum number of criteria. In terms of 1D sequence, the region of the docking site for Williams is within the catalase domains as seen upon NCBI blast. The counterpart of FHIA18 for the same region is not. This sequence difference between FHIA18 and Williams affects the best docking site in FHIA18 and Williams in silico.

Topic: Banana Cultivation and Research
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Cardiorespiratory responses to hypoxia in intact and bilaterally vagotomized pigeons

Bilateral, cervical vagotomy in birds denervates, among other receptors, the carotid bodies. To test whether such neural section removes sensitivity to hypoxia, we measured respiratory, cardiovascular, and blood gas responses to hypoxia at 84-, 70-, and 49-Torr inspiratory O2 partial pressure (PIO2) in five pigeons with intact vagi and in five bilaterally, cervically vagotomized pigeons. Normoxic respiratory frequency (fresp) and expiratory flow rate (VE) were decreased after vagotomy. Intact pigeons showed large increases in VE in response to hypoxia, effected mostly by increases in fresp. VE also increased greatly in response to hypoxia in vagotomized pigeons, but increases were largely the result of tidal volume. O2 consumption, CO2 production, and respiratory exchange ratio increased slightly in all pigeons during hypoxia. Normoxic heart rate was greater after vagotomy; cardiac output increased in all pigeons in response to hypoxia, but stroke volume increased only in intact pigeons. During normoxia, arterial and mixed venous O2 partial pressure, O2 concentration, and pH were lower and arterial and mixed venous CO2 partial pressure was higher, after vagotomy. In all pigeons during hypoxia, arterial and mixed venous O2 and CO2 partial pressure and O2 concentration decreased and arterial and mixed venous pH increased; changes were roughly parallel in intact and vagotomized pigeons. The arteriovenous O2 concentration differences during normoxia and hypoxia were similar in all pigeons. We conclude that bilateral, cervical vagotomy in the pigeon causes hypoventilation and tachycardia during normoxia, but strong respiratory and cardiovascular responses to hypoxia are still present.

Topic: Neuroscience of respiration and sleep
Subfield: Endocrine and Autonomic Systems
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences
Religious reactions to gender identity: a comparative analysis of select Canadian and Australian Catholic schools

Determining the depth of discrimination against gender and sexual minority groups in Catholic schools of selected western nations is best undertaken from an international-comparative perspective. In this article, we compare the Canadian case of Alberta's 'washroom wars' and a 'gender row' over uniform changes in an Australian Catholic high school. In each case, practises inclusive of gender diversity in Catholic schools were framed as a departure from Catholic doctrine. To explore how oppressive structures exist and operate within schools, we examine media accounts of each case using Critical Discourse Analysis and contextualize this analysis by examining Canadian and Australian educational and legal settings. We find that despite differing legal frameworks, some Catholic schools continue to place Canonical law above the rights of transgender and gender-diverse students in both countries. We therefore argue that it is the Catholic system's institutional stance on gender and sexual diversity that perpetuates discrimination.

Topic: American Constitutional Law and Politics
Subfield: Political Science and International Relations
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Boulez's Künstlerroman: Using blocs sonores to Overcome Anxieties and Influence in Le marteau sans maître

Previous scholarship on Pierre Boulez's Le marteau sans maître celebrates the analytical basis of the piece, with particular emphasis on Boulez's concept of the bloc sonore and its role in Le marteau's design. This article synthesizes aspects of this scholarship with Boulez's personal reflections from the years 1953–55, many of which remain unpublished to this day. Utilizing Boulez's correspondence with Karlheinz Stockhausen and John Cage, as well as his own published writings and the sketches for Le marteau, I present the story of an artist on the path to self-discovery. I also shift the discussion of blocs sonores away from viewing them as musical objects necessary for the analysis of Le marteau to recognizing their significance as a cultural and aesthetic concept at the heart of Boulez's artistic development at this time. Finally, I use the literary trope of “anxiety of influence” to relate Boulez's own maturation to his struggle to escape the shadow and influence of Schoenberg. By humanizing a work that is often cited for its analytical virtuosity and poetic audacity rather than the network of biographical circumstances behind its creation, I attempt to reorient our ears from the rigidness of integral serialism to the broader significance of Boulez's score.

Topic: Musicology and Musical Analysis
Subfield: Music
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Bispectral analysis of intracardiac electrograms

Previous work has shown that the average magnitude-squared coherence (MSC) differentiates ventricular tachyarrythmias and discriminates between fibrillatory and nonfibrillatory rhythms. The MSC quantifies the extent to which linear dynamics explain time series covariability. The magnitude-squared bicoherence (MSBC) does the same for bilinear dynamics. Unlike the MSC, which must be computed from two time series, the MSBC can be calculated from a single time series. The average magnitude-squared autobicoherence is computed for a collection of intracardiac electrograms. Results indicate that it has capabilities similar to average MSC in differentiating ventricular tachyarrythmias and discriminating between fibriallatory and nonfibrillatory rhythms. The MSBC might be used in implantable devices for cardiac monitoring and intervention to provide cross-validitory and localized information on cardiac dynamics. Moreover, its quantification of nonlinear dynamics may improve understanding of the intricate electrical organization of the heart.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>

Topic: Cardiac electrophysiology and arrhythmias
Subfield: Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Problems of Attracting Private Deposits and Their Insurance Coverage

The hard times in the economy fuelled by the sanctions policy of Western countries force the monetary authorities to increase efforts to attract deposits of the population that should be viewed not only as a tool to provide income to the depositor and the bank that places raised funds in the financial market but also as a powerful mechanism for influencing the creation of the investment climate in the economy. The paper examines the development specifics of the bank deposit market, determines the factors that influence both the policy of banks in this field and the behavior of the population. The trends in the bank deposit market development are revealed; the specific features of bank activities in the course of observable changes are assessed. The paper draws attention to the fact that investment amounts depend on many factors not the least of which are the profitability and reliability of deposits. The latter is ensured by various methods including the deposit insurance which, according to the authors, needs reformation.

Topic: Economic and Technological Developments in Russia
Subfield: Development
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences