jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Reduction of CO2 Emissions in the Salmon Farming Industry: The Potential for Energy Efficiency Measures and Electrification

Elektrisk kraftforsyning til oppdrettsanlegg for laks dekkes i dag av dieselaggregater eller ved tilkobling til landstrøm. Det er ønskelig å øke andelen av oppdrettslokaliteter koblet på landstrøm for å redusere klimagassutslipp i takt med nasjonale klimamål. Oppdrettslokaliteter ligger ofte i områder hvor kraftnettet har begrenset kapasitet noe som kan gjøre det kostbart å elektrifisere.\nDenne studien har kartlagt energi- og effektbruken til de lokalitets-spesifikke aktivitetene i lakseoppdrett samt kartlagt lokale forutsetninger for tilkobling av oppdrettsanlegg til landstrøm i Trøndelag.\nKartlegging av energibruken til de ulike lokalitetene viste stor variasjon og et gjennomsnittlig forbruk på 0,35 kWh/kg produsert laks. 50% av lokalitetene i Trøndelag er i dag elektrifisert og de energirelaterte klimagassutslippene er 0,086 kg CO2eq/kg produsert laks. Andelen av elektrifiserte lokaliteter kan økes fra 50% til 83% uten ekstra kostander i form av anleggsbidrag. Energieffektivisering av fôrflåten er avgjørende for å øke andelen av elektrifiserte lokaliteter, spesielt hvis flere lokaliteter kobles på samme kraftlinje når de elektrifiseres. Energieffektivisering og elektrifisering av oppdrettsnæringen i Trøndelag kan bidra til å redusere de energirelaterte klimagassutslippene med 86%. Arbeidsbåten er den mest utslippsintensive operasjonen og har dermed størst potensiale til å bidra med utslippsreduksjon. Havbruksnæringen har som mål å femdoble produksjonen av laks og ørret mot 2050. Selv med denne veksten, kan elektrifisering og energieffektiviseringstiltak være et viktig tiltak for å redusere energirelaterte klimagassutslipp med 40% innen 2030. Ytterligere tiltak er nødvendig for å nå målet om en 80-95% reduksjon innen 2050.

Topic: Fish Ecology and Management Studies
Subfield: Nature and Landscape Conservation
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Private Pay for Public Work

This publication reviewsÂ performance pay schemes covering middle management and senior management levels in departments and agencies of central government and also looks at,Â on a selective basis,Â schemes for managers in other parts of the public sector. The objectives of the study were to investigate why performance-related pay schemes are being introduced at management levels in the public sector, to examine how these schemes operate, to assess whether the schemes are meeting their stated objectives, andÂ to see whether and under what conditions performance pay can operate successfully in public sector settings.

Topic: Fiscal Policy and Economic Growth
Subfield: Economics and Econometrics
Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance
Domain: Social Sciences
Cognitive Improvement After Endovascular Treatment in a Case of Intracranial Dural Fistula With Concomitant Dementia

Dural fistulas associated with dementia are rarely reported and, among these, intracranial dural fistulas constitute an infrequent etiology. Moreover, dementia associated with dural fistulas occurs due to venous hypertension leading to ischemic neuronal dysfunction. This case report describes a male patient exhibiting unusual features of dementia with a concomitant dural fistula compromising the superior sagittal sinus. The fistula was completely occluded via endovascular embolization. Two months after the interventional therapy, clinical assessment revealed complete improvement of executive functions. Afterward, the patient returned to his daily activities without impairment.

Topic: Vascular Malformations Diagnosis and Treatment
Subfield: Neurology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
The Exploring Ondel-Ondel Village: A Study of the Network and the Working System of Kramat Pulo’s Ondel-Ondel

This study aims to provide an overview of the Kramat Pulo community’s network and the working system on performances of ondel-ondel. This study uses a qualitative approach. The data were collected using in-depth interviews, observation, and documentation. The data that has been obtained is then analyzed using qualitative inductive analysis. The results show that the ondel-ondel network system of the Kramat Pulo community consists of several divisions of roles: owners, managers, studio members, entrepreneurs, field coordinators, buskers, and the Government of the Special Capital Region of Jakarta. The network system then establishes and supports the ondel-ondel working system: ondel-ondel performances and ondel-ondel busking. Ondel-ondel performances are generally only practised once or twice weekly. In contrast, ondel-ondel busking activities are practiced daily by Kramat Pulo teenagers. On the other hand, the relationship between the studio owner and entrepreneur and Kramat Pulo teenagers who want to parade ondel-ondel for busking on the streets can be done in two ways: rental or profit-sharing. This relationship is based on a belief system maintained by the Kramat Pulo community. Therefore, it is recommended that the Government of the Special Capital Region of Jakarta make unique spots for Ondel-ondel performances. In addition, coordination is needed between the field coordinator and the Government of the Special Capital Region of Jakarta to arrange ondel-ondel busking activities routes to create order without losing cultural nuances. In this case, Betawi indigenous people carry out their traditions by parading ondel-ondel to surround the village.

Topic: Cultural and Artistic Studies
Subfield: Cultural Studies
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Medulloblastoma in Childhood

20 medulloblastomas in children were treated at the Neurosurgical Department of Perugia over the last 6 years. The age ranged between 1.2 and 15 years, with a mean of 8 years. The ratio between males and females was 3/1. Only three tumors were localized within one cerebellar hemisphere. A shunt was performed before the removal of the tumor in 12 cases. Radical resection was completed in 15 cases, whereas a subtotal removal was performed in the cases with involvement of the brain stem. The postoperative mortality rate was 5%. The 3-year survival rate was 40% and the 5-year 25%. The postoperative radiotherapy was given at lower doses than usually reported by other authors: this seems to reduce the neuropsychological and endocrinological sequelae. CCNU or BCNU were given after radiotherapy, but this monochemotherapy seems to be less effective than polychemotherapy with CCNU, vincristine, procarbazine and dexamethasone, used in this series when relapse occurred. Radical resection improved the prognosis. The opportunity of using different protocols for ‘low risk’ and for ‘high risk’ patients is finally discussed.

Topic: Glioma Diagnosis and Treatment
Subfield: Genetics
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Characterization of Microbial Communities in Wastewater Treatment Plants Containing Heavy Metals Located in Chemical Industrial Zones

Water pollution caused by heavy metals (HMs) poses a serious risk to human health and the environment and can increase the risk of diabetes, cancer, and hypertension in particular. In this study, two full-scale wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) in industrial zones in southern China were selected to analyze the microbial community structure, diversity, similarity, and differentiation in the anoxic/oxic (AO) and anoxic/oxic membrane bioreactor (AO-MBR) units under the stress of HMs. High-throughput sequencing showed that microbial diversity and abundance were higher in the AO process than in the AO-MBR process. In the two WWTPs, the common dominant phyla were Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes, while the common dominant genera were Gemmatimonadaceae, Anaerolineaceae, Saprospiraceae, and Terrimonas. Manganese (Mn) and zinc (Zn) positively correlated with Saccharimonadales, Nakamurella, Micrococcales, and Microtrichales, whereas copper (Cu) and iron (Fe) positively correlated with Longilinea and Ferruginibacter. Additionally, the relative abundances of Chloroflexi, Patescibacteria, and Firmicutes differed significantly (p &lt; 0.05) between the two processes. These results may provide comprehensive outlooks on the characterization of microbial communities in WWTPs, which could also help to reduce the potential environmental risks of the effluent from WWTPs located in industrial zones.

Topic: Wastewater Treatment and Nitrogen Removal
Subfield: Pollution
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
LET THEM HAVE DOMINION OVER ALL THE EARTH: ARE CHRISTIANS ANTI-ENVIRONMENTAL?

ABSTRACT: A common assumption is that the Christian religion is an obstacle to the environmental cause, and Christians have been seen as unsympathetic to environmental issues. This may be due in part to Lynn White&amp;apos;s now-famous article, &amp;quot;The Historical Roots of Our Ecological Crisis, &amp;quot; published in Science magazine in 1967. White&amp;apos;s paper posits that the Western paradigm, heavily influenced by traditional Christian theology, sets humans apart as masters of nature. Thus Christianity, from its injunction in Genesis to dominate all the earth, must be responsible for a large share of the extensive ecological destruction that began with the Industrial Revolution. A number of researchers have attempted to test White&amp;apos;s hypothesis through survey data, comparing numerous measures of environmental sensitivity between Christians and non-Christians. This paper analyzes the findings of 14 such studies conducted between 1984 and 2007. It concludes that while these studies provide valuable insights into the environmental attitudes of different religious traditions, they do not achieve a consensus, nor do they adequately test White&amp;apos;s thesis.

Topic: Hermeneutics and Narrative Identity
Subfield: Philosophy
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Video Surveillance System Based on Fuzzy Classification

In this paper, a novel FCM-based target recognition algorithm is proposed. The algorithm used color and texture characteristics of each frame of video in the time domain modeling, the use of the video frame sequence of images to enhance the relationship between the space division of the accuracy of the classification algorithm to achieve through the MAP, in order to achieve in complex cases, the background video to identify the precise objective of the human body. In complex multi-objective circumstances, the algorithm can get better classification than the cumulative background subtraction as well as the segmentation approach Gaussian Mixture Model.

Topic: Image Retrieval and Classification Techniques
Subfield: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Covid tongue: A new indicator of COVID-19 infection-A case report

Handful cases of anonymous viral pneumonia were registered in China in December 2019. The pathogen, a novel coronavirus called severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARSCoV-2), was isolated from infected patient’s lower respiratory tract samples, and was referred to as Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). So far, insufficient importance has been given to the prevalence of fungal infections in patients infected with COVID-19 who may experience lymphocytopaenia, hospitalization in intensive care unit (ICU), broad-spectrum antibiotic and corticosteroid usage, intubation, cytokine storms, and possessing chronic illness which make them seriously immunocompromised. Here, we present a case associated with oral lesions manifested by this virus.

Topic: Dermatological and COVID-19 studies
Subfield: Dermatology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Výsledky malakologického inventarizačního průzkumu PR Lazurový vrch (Slavkovský les, západní Čechy) [The results of the malacological survey of the Lazurový Vrch National Reserve (Slavkovský Les Mts., West Bohemia)]

Altogether 37 species of terrestrial gastropods were found during the survey of the Lazurový Vrch National Reserve in the Slavkovský Les Mts. in 2008. Two species published in 1950 from this site were not veriﬁed: Pupilla muscorum and Causa holosericea. The reserve under study is covered by spruce and broadleaf forests; so almost 65% of recorded species belong among strictly or predominantly forest species. Only ﬁve species are included in the Red List of the Czech molluscs. Two species are very interesting from ecological and faunal point of view. Vulnerable species Vertigo alpestris is remarkable because of its isolated occurrence in this region. Endangered species Clausilia bidentata occurs in northern and western Bohemia only. The Slavkovský Les Mts. (together with the northernmost part of the Český Les Mts.) represents very compact area of distribution of the species in the Czech Republic. The ﬁnd from the Lazurový Vrch Reserve represents the new locality for C. bidentata. Interesting observation from the reserve was the occurrence of C. bidentata on relatively rare Acer pseudoplatanus and Fraxinus excelsior trees only. No specimens were found on much commoner Acer platanoides and Tilia cordata trees.

Topic: Botany and Plant Ecology Studies
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Banking Services for Everyone? Barriers to Bank Access and Use around the World

Using information from 193 banks in 58 countries, the authors develop and analyze indicators of physical access, affordability, and eligibility barriers to deposit, loan, and payment services. They find substantial cross-country variation in barriers to banking and show that in many countries these barriers can potentially exclude a significant share of the population from using banking services. Correlations with bank- and country-level variables show that bank size and the availability of physical infrastructure are the most robust predictors of barriers. Further, the authors find evidence that in more competitive, open, and transparent economies, and in countries with better contractual and informational frameworks, banks impose lower barriers. Finally, though foreign banks seem to charge higher fees than other banks, in foreign dominated banking systems fees are lower and it is easier to open bank accounts and to apply for loans. On the other hand, in systems that are predominantly government-owned, customers pay lower fees but also face greater restrictions in terms of where to apply for loans and how long it takes to have applications processed. These findings have important implications for policy reforms to broaden access.

Topic: Banking stability, regulation, efficiency
Subfield: Finance
Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance
Domain: Social Sciences
Doğu’nun Son Kilise Babası Yuhanna ed-Dımaşkī (649-749) ve İslâm

Throughout the history, Christianity and Islam had mutual struggle in political and economic fields. The consequences of this struggle deeply effected relations of these twocommunities. One of this effect is the mutual misunderstandings in obtaining information about each others. This article deals with misinformations about Islam in the middle age.In focusing on John of Damascus’s (Yuhanna ed-Dımaşkī) –the last Father of the Eastern Church- famous work’s De Haeresibus, especially the 100. part which deals with Islam. The translation of the stated part attached to the text.

Topic: Families in Therapy and Culture
Subfield: Social Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
PENGARUH NON PERFORMING LOAN, CAPITAL ADEQUACY RATIO DAN LOAN TO DEPOSIT RATIO TERHADAP PROFITABILITAS

This research had purpose to determined the effect of NPL, CAR and LDR on Profitability in banking sector company listing in Indonesia Stock Exchange in years 2013-2017. The population of this research is banking sector company listing in Indonesia Stock Exchange over the period 2013-2017. Techniques used in the sample is Purposive Sampling, so obtained sample of 27 companies. The hypothesis results simultaneously shows NPL, CAR and LDR affect the Profitability in banking sector company listing in Indonesia Stock Exchange in years 2013-2017. The hypothesis results partially shows NPL negative affect and significant the Profitability in banking sector company listing in Indonesia Stock Exchange in years 2013-2017, CAR and LDR positive affect and significant the Profitability in banking sector company listing in Indonesia Stock Exchange in years 2013-2017.Keywords : NPL, CAR, LDR, Profitability, Banking Sector Company

Topic: Financial Analysis and Corporate Governance
Subfield: Accounting
Field: Business, Management and Accounting
Domain: Social Sciences
A Field Study of Diapause, Diapause Control, and Population Dynamics of the Boll Weevil

In 1960-61, tests were conducted in 3 cottonfields located on Mississippi to study the relationship between plant fruiting and the first entry of boll weevils, Anthonomus grandis Boheman, into diapause. Tests were set up also to evaluate the effectiveness of methyl parathion in controlling diapausing weevils and to measure population increases on dryland cotton. In the diapause studies, first diapausing weevils appeared in all 3 fields at cessation of flowering, when only bolls remained as the food source. In the diapause-control studies, 7 applications of methyl parathion spray applied at ½ lb/acre greatly reduced the overwintering population but did not eliminate it. In the limited studies of population dynamics, seasonal generation-to-generation increases averaged 5-fold and ranged from 1- to 9.6-fold.

Topic: Research in Cotton Cultivation
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Characterisation and inhibition effect of cetrimide on collagenase produced byAspergillus flavus, isolated from mycotic ulcers

Collagenase was found to be the most important enzyme, produced by mycotic keratitis fungi. Therefore,Aspergillus flavus collagenase enzyme has been purified by ammonium sulphate precipitation, Sephadex G25 and DEAE-cellulose chromatography. Electrophoretic analysis for the purified enzyme indicated one subunit of molecular weight of 70–90 KDa when examining on SDS-PAGE. Cetrimide (cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide) has been tested against the purified collagenase enzyme and indicated reversible competitive inhibitor (kis=0.15 mg/ml) with high promising activity. Cetrimide might be used to inhibit mycotic keratitis fungi.

Topic: Fungal Biology and Applications
Subfield: Pharmacology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
The subsequent impacts of independent and combined drought and heat stress around flowering on maize grain filling: Field and laboratory investigation

Drought along with high temperature around flowering is becoming more frequent to strongly influence maize production. However, the impacts of independent and combined drought and heat stress during this stage on subsequent grain filling have received limited attention. Here we investigated the response of grain development to three stresses (drought, heat and combined drought and heat stresses (DS, HS, DHS)) around flowering in ponds covered with a rain shelter in field. In additional, some grains were incubated in laboratory after pollination. Compared with control treatment, the decreased rate of grain weight was in the order of HS≤DS≤DHS in both experiments. In field, grain weight was decreased by 5-11% in stresses. The leaf senescence was accelerated together with decreased photosynthesis rate. Grain weight was still reduced largely in stresses with sufficient source supply in laboratory, which implicated a subsequent sink (grain) limit by early stresses. This mainly resulted from the disturbed carbohydrate metabolism and starch synthesis such as the activities of surcose invertase, sucrose synthase, ADP Glc pyrophosphorylase and starch synthase at early grain filling stage. This study provided information on how to promote drought and heat tolerance hybrids and mitigated management strategy.

Topic: Crop Yield and Soil Fertility
Subfield: Agronomy and Crop Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
About the essence of stuttering. Paikin (Sovetsk, psychoneur., No. 6, 1932)

Paikin. On the essence of stuttering (Sovetsk, psychonevr., No. 6, 1932). The author approaches the problem of stuttering from a genetic point of view. He sees the root of stuttering in the initial clonus, that is, in the repetition of words and syllables without signs of convulsion, which is observed in children during the period of speech development, as a physiological phenomenon. On the basis of the repetition of words and syllables of non-convulsive phenomena, the author denotes "clonus" completely incomprehensible. "With unusual excessive emotional stimuli, early speech mechanisms are revived, the clonic repetition of syllables and words that are normally inhibited", and this leads to stuttering.

Topic: Discourse Analysis and Cultural Communication
Subfield: Cultural Studies
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
SH3248815.08FU

UNITE provides a unified way for delimiting, identifying, communicating, and working with DNA-based Species Hypotheses (SH). All fungal ITS sequences in the international nucleotide sequence databases are clustered to approximately the species level by applying a set of dynamic distance values (<0.5 - 3.0%). All species hypotheses are given a unique, stable name in the form of a DOI, and their taxonomic and ecological annotations are verified through distributed, web-based third-party annotation efforts. SHs are connected to a taxon name and its classification as far as possible (phylum, class, order, etc.) by taking into account identifications for all sequences in the SH. An automatically or manually designated sequence is chosen to represent each such SH. These sequences are released (https://unite.ut.ee/repository.php) for use by the scientific community in, for example, local sequence similarity searches and next-generation sequencing analysis pipelines. The system and the data are updated automatically as the number of public fungal ITS sequences grows.

Topic: Agricultural pest management studies
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences