jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Experiment of Passive Solar Desalination with Inclined Heating Type with Variation of Cover Glass Distance

Solar desalination is a process to reduce the salt content in seawater by utilizing solar heat. In recent years, the interfacial heating method has been proposed as an alternative to evaporation by creating localized heat on the surface of the liquid. This study investigated charcoal briquettes as a solar absorber material to accelerate the evaporation rate. The experiment was carried out on four basins of single slope type using charcoal briquettes for 8 hours in the sun with variations in the distance between the cover glass and the absorber, namely 3 cm, 4 cm and 5 cm. Charcoal-free basins were also tested for comparison. Temperature is measured at several points in the basin to identify factors affecting evaporation. The results showed that the structure of charcoal briquettes can concentrate the heat required for phase change. The temperature and humidity in each basin also have a similar changing trend where solar radiation strongly influences temperature. Using charcoal can also increase the basin's convection and evaporation heat transfer rates. The maximum desalination efficiency is obtained in basin 2 with a variation of 4 cm cover glass spacing of 31.45%, followed by a variation of 5 cm cover glass distance in basin 3 of 29.92 %, and the variation of 3 cm glass spacing in basin 1 was 26.98%. Whereas in basin 4, with the variation without charcoal, an efficiency of 38.28% was obtained. Desalination efficiency is influenced by several factors: sun intensity, distillate productivity, latent heat of evaporation, and capillary action.

Topic: Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods
Subfield: Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment
Field: Energy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Characteristics of Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes in Chinese Older Adults: A National Prospective Cohort Study

Aim . To investigate the metabolic profiles of newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes (NEW2D) in Chinese older adults (≥65 years) and assess the proportion of patients who achieved the targeted goals of blood glucose, blood pressure, and blood lipid. Methods . NEW2D study was an observational, longitudinal, prospective cohort study involving patients who were diagnosed with type 2 diabetes (T2D) within the past 6 months and had a follow-up of 12 months. Participants were divided into younger NEW2D group (aged 20-65 years old) and older NEW2D group (aged ≥65 years old) according to age of diabetes onset. The baseline metabolic profiles were compared and the proportion of patients achieving adequate control of blood glucose, blood pressure, and blood lipids in reference to target goals were assessed during treatment. Results. The older NEW2D (<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M1"><mml:mi>n</mml:mi><mml:mo>=</mml:mo><mml:mn>1362</mml:mn></mml:math>) had a lower BMI, HbA1c%, diastolic blood pressure, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and total cholesterol, higher systolic blood pressure, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels at baseline. 47.8%, 66.7%, and 39.4% reached the target of <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M2"><mml:mtext>HbA</mml:mtext><mml:mn>1</mml:mn><mml:mtext>c</mml:mtext><mml:mo>&lt;</mml:mo><mml:mn>7.0</mml:mn><mml:mi>%</mml:mi></mml:math>, <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M3"><mml:mtext>BP</mml:mtext><mml:mo>&lt;</mml:mo><mml:mn>140</mml:mn><mml:mo>/</mml:mo><mml:mn>90</mml:mn></mml:math> mmHg, and <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M4"><mml:mtext>LDL</mml:mtext><mml:mo>−</mml:mo><mml:mtext>C</mml:mtext><mml:mo>&lt;</mml:mo><mml:mn>2.6</mml:mn><mml:mtext> </mml:mtext></mml:math>mmol/L, respectively. After 12 months, the proportion achieving above three targets increased to 70.2%, 76.1%, and 47.5%, respectively. The proportions of patients achieving three combined therapeutic targets doubled from 13.5% to 26.7%. Conclusion . The older NEW2D patients have special metabolic profiles compared with younger patients. The control of cardiovascular disease risk factors was suboptimal in older adults with type 2 diabetes.

Topic: Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
Subfield: Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Pediatric-onset Inflammatory Bowel Disease: What Are Different from Adult in the Treatment?

Pediatric-onset inflammatory bowel disease differs from adults in its epidemiological and clinical characteristics and courses. Since it is diagnosed at a young age, the duration of the disease is relatively longer than in adults. Therefore, it is necessary to select drugs in consideration of long-term risks and benefits, and efforts such as therapeutic drug monitoring to maximize the treatment effects and minimize side effects are required. In addition, special considerations for treating pediatric-onset inflammatory bowel disease include attention to the effects of the disease on growth and development, nutrition, and psychosocial problems. In children, more aggressive treatment is needed to avoid missing therapeutic window of opportunity during periods of rapid growth and development. Finally, efforts should be made to ensure that the therapeutic goals of mucosal healing are achieved, the quality of life is restored, and the transition to adult therapy is well carried out.

Topic: Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Subfield: Genetics
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Peking University - Juntendo University Joint Symposium on Cancer Research and Treatment

The recent advance of precision medicine based on genetic information about a person’s disease would help us develop appropriate cancer diagnosis and treatment. However, the emergence of metastases and treatment failure, that accounts for cancer-related mortality in most cancer patients, is often conferred by tumor microenvironment presumably in a non-genetic fashion. Various non-neoplastic stromal cells orchestrating tumor microenvironment enable incipient carcinoma cells to acquire malignant phenotypes including invasion and metastatic traits and therapy-resistant propensity during the course of tumor progression.

Topic: Cancer Cells and Metastasis
Subfield: Oncology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Mononuclear and binuclear copper(II) complexes of some polyfunctional pyridyl phthalazines

Mononuclear and binuclear copper(II) complexes of the potentially tetradentate binucleating ligands 1,4-di(3′-methyl-2′-pyridyl)aminophthalazine (PAP3Me) and 1,4-di(5′-methyl-2′-pyridyl)aminophthalazine (PAP5Me) are reported. In the case of the ligand 1,4-di(4′,6′-dimethyl-2′-pyridyl)aminophthalazine (PAP46DiMe) only binuclear derivatives were obtained. The mononuclear complexes, involving protonated ligand, result from the sensitivity of these ligands to mildly acidic conditions in aqueous solutions of certain copper salts. Binuclear, neutral ligand, complexes are also formed when the pH increases. Hydroxy bridged binuclear structures exist in all the binuclear complexes described with the exception of one acetate bridged derivative. Sub normal magnetic moments are observed for all the binuclear complexes (&lt; 1.74 BM) indicating spin coupled systems with very low values (&lt; 0.88 BM) for binuclear complexes of PAP46DiMe, indicating the possibility of strong antiferromagnetic exchange between the metal centres.

Topic: Metal complexes synthesis and properties
Subfield: Oncology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Rapid intensity and velocity variations in solar transition region lines

We have obtained short exposure (3 s) time series of strong upper chromospheric and transition region emission lines from the quiet Sun with the SUMER instrument onboard SOHO during two 1 hour periods in 1996. With a Nyqvist frequency of 167 mHz and relatively high count rates the dataset is uniquely suited for searching for high frequency variations in intensity and Doppler velocity. From Monte-Carlo experiments taking into account the photon-counting statistics we estimate our detection limit to correspond to a wave-packet of four periods coherent over 3 00 with a Doppler-shift amplitude of 2.5km s 1 in the darkest in- ternetwork areas observed in Ciii. In the network the detection limit is estimated to be 1.5km s 1 . Above 50 mHz we detect wave-packet amplitudes above 3km s 1 less than 0.5% of the time. Between 20 and 50 mHz we detect some wave-packets with a typical duration of four periods and amplitudes up to 8km s 1 . At any given internetwork location these wave-packets are present 1% of the time. In the 10-20 mHz range we see am- plitudes above 3km s 1 12% of the time. At lower frequencies our dataset is consistent with other SUMER datasets reported in the literature. The chromospheric 3-7 mHz signal is discernible in the line emission. In the inter- network this is the dominant oscillation frequency but higher frequencies (7-10 mHz) are often present and appear coherent in Doppler velocity over large spatial regions ( 40). Wavelet analysis implies that these oscillations have typical durations of 1000s. The network emission also shows a 5 mHz signal but is dominated by low frequency variations (of < 4 mHz) in both intensity and velocity. The oscillations show less power in intensity than in velocity. We find that while both red and blue shifted emission is observed, the transition region lines are on average red shifted between5-10km s 1 in the network. A net red shift is also found in the internetwork emission but it is smaller (< 4km s 1 ). The line widths do not differ much between the internetwork and network, the non-thermal line widths increase with increasing temperature of line formation from 30km s 1 for the Cii 1334 ˚ A line to 45km s 1 for the Ovi 1032 ˚ A line. By constructing scat- terplots of velocity versus intensity we find that in the network a mean redshift is correlated with a high mean intensity. In the

Topic: Solar and Space Plasma Dynamics
Subfield: Astronomy and Astrophysics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Purchasing behavior of tourists toward prominent souvenirs of Odisha

Purpose This study examines how tourists’ buying behavior toward souvenirs plays a pivotal role and explores the moderating role of prominent souvenirs in the marketing context. This study aims to examine the importance and the current status of the souvenir purchase behavior in Raghurajpur and Pipili village of Puri district in Odisha. Design/methodology/approach Purchasing behaviors of tourists such as different variables and tourist demographics were examined. The current study used the structural equation model (SEM) and regression in analyzing unique data from 400 tourists visiting the villages. Findings The research findings indicate that all the variables taken into consideration for research are accurate and are positively associated with tourist engagement in souvenir buying. All the factors are taken into consideration also proved significant toward the dependent variable, i.e. buying behavior. It is argued that adequate attention to the purchase behavior of tourists was not given by academic scholars, professionals and officials in Odisha. Research limitations/implications The current study was limited to the two prominent villages of Odisha famous for handicrafts. Future research might address behavioral studies in other states of India or the place of Odisha. In the present study, data were collected from the tourist sample while exiting the village after shopping. Methods could be developed to elicit responses from tourists after they reached their homes to determine if their responses toward souvenir buying differ. Souvenirs and souvenir buying behavior is an untapped field of research in India. Practical implications This study has enormous potential to contribute to the existing literature on souvenir purchase behavior of tourists in Indian context. The current study will use the identified variables to predict the behavior of tourists towards souvenirs so that craftsmen and policy makers can make an effective marketing mix to brand the souvenirs. Social implications This study is intended to anchor on souvenir purchase patterns of tourists in Pipili and Raghurajpur. An investigation of tourist shopping orientations for souvenir product holds potential for retailers to better direct marketing efforts to a non-local clientele. Understanding and analyzing variables would give government, craftsmen and other stakeholders to properly make marketing strategies for the handicraft sector. Handicrafts of Odisha are rapidly becoming commercialized items, and the authenticity is dying. This study can make the stakeholders aware of the tourist’s needs and preferences. Originality/value The authors provide a holistic and grounded understanding of the souvenir buying behavior of tourists in two prominent villages of Odisha through SEM and other indicators of souvenir buying from tourist’s perspective.

Topic: Customer Service Quality and Loyalty
Subfield: Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management
Field: Business, Management and Accounting
Domain: Social Sciences
Generating a Terrain-Robustness Benchmark for Legged Locomotion: A Prototype via Terrain Authoring and Active Learning

Terrain-aware locomotion has become an emerging topic in legged robotics. However, it is hard to generate diverse, challenging, and realistic unstructured terrains in simulation, which limits the way researchers evaluate their locomotion policies. In this paper, we prototype the generation of a terrain dataset via terrain authoring and active learning, and the learned samplers can stably generate diverse high-quality terrains. We expect the generated dataset to make a terrain-robustness benchmark for legged locomotion. The dataset, the code implementation, and some policy evaluations are released at https://bit.ly/3bn4j7f.

Topic: Robotic Locomotion and Control
Subfield: Biomedical Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
&lt;title&gt;Lanthanide mixed ligand chelates for DNA profiling and latent fingerprint detection&lt;/title&gt;

It is our aim to develop a universally applicable latent fingerprint detection method using lanthanide (rare-earth) complexes as a source of luminescence. Use of these lanthanide complexes offers advantages on several fronts, including benefits from large Stokes shifts, long luminescence lifetimes, narrow emissions, ability of sequential assembly of complexes, and chemical variability of the ligands. Proper exploitation of these advantages would lead to a latent fingerprint detection method superior to any currently available. These same characteristics also lend themselves to many of the problems associated with DNA processing in the forensic science context.

Topic: Forensic Fingerprint Detection Methods
Subfield: Safety Research
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Interaction of Surface Glycoprotein of SARS-CoV-2 Variants of Concern with Potential Drug Candidates: A Molecular Docking Study

This dataset contains additional docking images of SARS-CoV-2 Variants of Concern with drugs under study. It also contains a spreadsheet containing binding residues with different types of bonds.

Topic: Computational Drug Discovery Methods
Subfield: Computational Theory and Mathematics
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Structure and Properties of Regenerated Cellulose Fibers Based on Dissolution of Cellulose in a CO<sub>2</sub> Switchable Solvent

Development of an effective, nontoxic, and easy-to-process novel cellulose dissolution system for the preparation of regenerated cellulose fibers is of great importance and necessity for a greener and more sustainable future, with which the traditional viscose process with serious pollution can be gradually substituted. Herein, we demonstrated the successful utilization of a CO2 switchable solvent, a novel cellulose derivative dissolution system resembling viscose but without releasing toxic gases such as CS2 and H2S, for the preparation of regenerated cellulose fibers. The corncob cellulose raw material can be readily dissolved completely after the capture of CO2 in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) with 1,8-diazabicyclo [5.4.0] undec-7-ene (DBU), resulting in cellulose spinning dope with high stability. Results showed that regenerated cellulose fibers with smoother surface morphology, a higher degree of crystallinity, and satisfactory mechanical properties were obtained under mild conditions with relatively slower double diffusion. Moreover, drawing treatment further increased the degree of crystallinity and orientation and the mechanical properties. All fibers had a dense structure, circular cross sections, no fibrillation, and high thermal stability. The regenerated cellulose fibers had degrees of crystallinity and orientation and tensile strength of 75.3%, 0.82, and 1.05 cN/dtex and 68.4%, 0.82, and 1.00 cN/dtex, respectively, in water and 30 vol % DMSO coagulation baths with a drawing ratio of 2.0 and 1.5, respectively. This work illustrated that the CO2 switchable solvent, which could be considered as "green viscose", is a good candidate with great potential for the preparation of regenerated cellulose fibers with high performance and various functionalities in the future.

Topic: Advanced Cellulose Research Studies
Subfield: Biomaterials
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Determination of formic and acetic acids in air

Formic and acetic acids are often responsible for damage of cultural objects, e. g. glass and metal corrosion or changing and fading of colours. Museums all around the world are equipped with different show cases. Display cases should protect cultural objects from dust as well as from mechanical damage. Several construction materials which are used for display cases, including wood, glue and coatings, are possible sources of very volatile organic compounds (VVOCs), volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and semi volatile organic compounds (SVOCs). These construction products can emit formic and acetic acids into the indoor or display case air. Modern display cases with small air change rates can cause higher concentrations of formic and acetic acids if any source is installed in the display case (Salthammer and Uhde, 2009). To minimize the risk of damage emissions from building products must be quantified. There is a need for a method for identification and quantification of acetic and formic acid. Some possibilities for the identification of acetic acid exist. The quantification of acetic acid for example after sampling on TENAX® or CARBOTRAP and thermal desorption-GC in accordance with ISO 16000-6 and ISO 16017-1 results in very low recovery rates. A new method should be stabile, robust, reproducible and comparable, with an easy local sampling and determination in laboratories. Miniaturised emission test chambers and model display cases were used to study the recovery rates.

Topic: Conservation Techniques and Studies
Subfield: Conservation
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Technical Guidelines for Environmental Dredging of Contaminated Sediments

This report provides technical guidelines for evaluating environmental dredging as a sediment remedy component. This document supports the Contaminated Sediment Remediation Guidance for Hazardous Waste Sites, released by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) in 2005, by providing detailed information regarding evaluation of environmental dredging as a remedy component. This document is intended to be applicable to contaminated sediment sites evaluated under various environmental laws and regulatory programs. The intended audience for this report includes all stakeholders potentially involved in evaluating environmental dredging for purposes of a feasibility study, remedial design, and implementation. The scope of this document is limited to the technical aspects of the environmental dredging process itself, but it is important that environmental dredging be integrated with other components such as transport, dewatering, treatment, and rehandling and disposal options. This report covers initial evaluation, pertinent site conditions and sediment characteristics, environmental dredging performance standards, equipment capabilities and selection, evaluation of production, duration, and transport, methods for estimating resuspension, residuals and release, control measures, operating methods and strategies, and monitoring.

Topic: Environmental and Sediment Control
Subfield: Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Fenestrated and Chimney Technique for Juxtarenal Aortic Aneurysm: A Systematic Review and Pooled Data Analysis

Juxtarenal aortic aneurysms (JAA) account for approximately 15% of abdominal aortic aneurysms. Fenestrated endovascular aneurysm repair (FEVAR) and chimney endovascular aneurysm repair (CH-EVAR) are both effective methods to treat JAAs, but the comparative effectiveness of these treatment modalities is unclear. We searched the PubMed, Medline, Embase, and Cochrane databases to identify English language articles published between January 2005 and September 2013 on management of JAA with fenestrated and chimney techniques to conduct a systematic review to compare outcomes of patients with juxtarenal aortic aneurysm (JAA) treated with the two techniques. We compared nine F-EVAR cohort studies including 542 JAA patients and 8 CH-EVAR cohorts with 158 JAA patients regarding techniques success rates, 30-day mortality, late mortality, endoleak events and secondary intervention rates. The results of this systematic review indicate that both fenestrated and chimney techniques are attractive options for JAAs treatment with encouraging early and mid-term outcomes.

Topic: Aortic aneurysm repair treatments
Subfield: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
A scalable time-sharing scheduling for partitionable distributed memory parallel machines

We propose a new process scheduling queue system called the distributed queue tree (DQT) for a distributed memory, dynamically partitionable parallel machines. We assume that partitions can be nested dynamically and that a process in a partition can be preempted. The combination of dynamically nested partitioning and time-sharing scheduling may provide an interactive environment and higher processor utilization. The key idea of DQT is to distribute process scheduling queues to each partition. We propose a round-robin scheduling algorithm and several task allocation policies on DQT. The simulation results show that time-sharing with DQT results in better processor utilization than that available from batch scheduling in high-load situations.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>

Topic: Distributed and Parallel Computing Systems
Subfield: Computer Networks and Communications
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
More Than Mazel? Luck and Agency in Surviving the Holocaust

The canonical explanation for how Jews survived during the Holocaust involves some form of luck. To explore and deepen an understanding of episodic moments of luck, this article presents and discusses survivor Jerry Rawicki's close calls with death during the Holocaust. The first author examines Jerry's perspective as a survivor and her own perspective as a collaborative witness to his stories, as well as how these stories fit together within the broader literature about luck and survival. She suggests possible consequences of regarding luck as the sole explanation of survival and contends that agency and luck can go hand in hand even under oppressive structural conditions, such as the Holocaust. She concludes by reflecting on why Jerry and she might understand survival differently and on the importance of considering both positions in compassionate collaborative research.

Topic: Grief, Bereavement, and Mental Health
Subfield: Clinical Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences