jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Sudden unexpected infant death syndrome in Ribeirão Preto, Brazil

CONTEXT: Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) is the leading cause of death in the first year of life in developed countries. Brazilian and Latin American literature lack studies on the subject, which is largely unknown among health workers. OBJECTIVE: To identify cases that could be classified as SIDS among children of less than one year of age submitted to autopsy at the Serviço de Verificação de Óbitos do Interior (SVOI), in Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil. A retrospective analysis of all autopsies from SVOI in this age group from January 1987 to December 1990 was done. RESULTS: There were 369 autopsies of which 344 (93.2%) deaths were expected and 25 (6.8%) unexpected. From the 25 unexpected cases 16 (64%) deaths could not be explained after autopsy and from these cases only 10 were eligible for the study because they had full organ sampling. There were 7 males and 3 females and the age at death ranged from 1 to 3 months (average: 1.7 months). Two were found dead, 3 died at home, 4 died on the way to hospital and 1 died while being fed. Autopsy diagnoses were aspiration (8 cases), SIDS (1 case) and undetermined (1 case). Aspiration was not confirmed by histology and the only findings were mild pulmonary edema, subcapsular petechiae and intraparenchymatous hemorrhage in thymus. CONCLUSION: That there were 10 cases of unexpected and unexplained deaths of children less than 1 year-old during the evaluated period with characteristics similar to SIDS which should therefore be classified as such.

Topic: Neuroscience of respiration and sleep
Subfield: Endocrine and Autonomic Systems
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences
District Health Authority policy and the ‘extended clinical role of the nurse’ in primary health care

Historical trends encouraging the extended role of the nurse in general practice are described, and Department of Health and Social Security (DHSS) policy regarding this and the legal position of the nurse, discussed. The results of a postal questionnaire to all 192 Directors of Nursing Services (DNSs) (Community) in England are presented. The study aimed to document the extent to which nursing policies at district level had been developed to meet DHSS recommendations. Although 71% of the DNSs questioned said a policy on the extended role of the nurse had been drawn up in their districts, few met all three criteria recommended by the DHSS: specific task definition, training requirements and legal safeguards.

Topic: Nursing Roles and Practices
Subfield: General Health Professions
Field: Health Professions
Domain: Health Sciences
Green Products for Reducing the Viscosity of Heavy Oil

Abstract The production of heavy oil has emerged as one of the great challenges of the oil industry today. The high viscosity, characteristic of these oils is linked to factors such as the presence of higher molecular weight components, asphaltenes, paraffins, resins and even due to emulsion stability. Highly emulsified oils are seen as a big problem because it directly affects the oil production and the costs involved to do it. Already the phase behavior of asphaltenes has been the subject of discussion in various jobs that match to recognize its complexity. Thus it is of utmost importance to develop new technologies that act reducing the viscosity and consequently reflecting in higher yields with lower costs. This study aimed to develop products that act reducing the viscosity, in operations where asphaltene dispersion and controlled droplet size of emulsified water from the system increased, so as to promote a significant reduction in viscosity with the use of environmentally products correct. A sample of oil used in the tests was from an exploratory field onshore Colombia. Products containing mixtures of different green chemical-polymeric agents with the intention of promoting a multifunctional and excellent synergy with the proposed system were developed. The analyzes were performed oil viscosity in a Haake RS 600, wherein the oil had its SARA and its water content measured by Karl Fischer. The results obtained with viscosity reduction were highly significant and promising, as the oil used in this study, no previous treatment had a viscosity of approximately 180000 cP, and after the development and application of the product is reached viscosities of up to 25 cP, while optimizing the process of demulsification end of oil.

Topic: Oil and Gas Production Techniques
Subfield: Ocean Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Exploring the Presence of Risk Factors for Developing Hypocalcemia after Thyroid Surgery: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study in Jordan

Aim: In our study, we aim to identify the presence of certain risk factors for developing hypocalcemia among patients who underwent thyroid surgery at Jordan University Hospital (JUH) to help endocrine surgeons improve the clinical outcomes of their patients. Materials and methods:We conducted a cross-sectional, descriptive study at JUH located in Amman, Jordan.Our sample included 200 patients who underwent thyroid surgery at JUH over 2 years (2017-2018).We collected data retrospectively from the medical electronic files of patients.The studied factors included age, gender, comorbidities, surgery type, thyroid pathological results, cervical lymph node dissection, incidental removal of parathyroid glands, and preoperative and postoperative calcium and phosphorus levels.Hypocalcemia was defined as serum calcium level <8 mg/dL or the presence of its signs and symptoms.It was categorized into transient hypocalcemia (early and late) and permanent hypocalcemia.We applied descriptive statistics including charts, frequencies, and percentages.Results: Hypocalcemia was detected in 19 (9.5%) patients out of 200 postoperatively, from which 16 presented with transient hypocalcemia and three presented with permanent hypocalcemia.Around 16 patients out of 19 were females and only three were males.Total thyroidectomy constituted 68.4% of their surgical operations.Papillary carcinoma was the most common thyroid pathology followed by multinodular goiter.Three out of 12 patients who had central lymph node dissection experienced hypocalcemia.Conclusion: Important risk factors were present among patients who developed hypocalcemia after thyroid surgery at JUH.Our study helps in determining the high-risk groups of patients and constitutes the basis for further studies in our region.Clinical significance: Our study draws the attention of endocrine surgeons in our region to take more precautions among patients presenting with risk factors for developing hypocalcemia to help them avoid this complication after thyroidectomy.

Topic: Thyroid and Parathyroid Surgery
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Perpetrator characteristics and blame attributions in a stranger rape situation

Both real-life events and research show that rape victims are sometimes blamed for their victimization. The effect of perpetrator characteristics on victim blaming has rarely been studied. In an experiment using a community sample (N = 161), we investigated the effect of the perpetrator’s previous conviction and age, as well as participants ’ gender and belief in a just world (BJW) on blame attributions using a vignette methodology. It was predicted that less victim blame and more perpetrator blame would be attributed when the perpetrator had a previous conviction. Results showed that level of BJW was associated with victim blame (positively) and perpetrator blame (negatively). Men blamed the victim more and women blamed the victim less when the perpetrator had a previous conviction. Women blamed the perpetrator more and men less when the perpetrator had a previous conviction. Hence, gender is an important factor in explaining variation in blame attributions. © 2014 Colegio Oficial de Psicólogos de Madrid. Production by Elsevier España, S.L. All rights reserved. Características de los autores y atribución de culpa en una situación de violación por extraños R E S U M E N Tanto los hechos de la vida real como la investigación muestran que a las víctimas de violación a veces se

Topic: Sexual Assault and Victimization Studies
Subfield: Gender Studies
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
6-Methoxy-3,3’,3’-Trimethylspiro[2H-1-Benzopyran-2,1’[2]Oxaindan]: Separation Of Enantiomers, Circular Dichroism Measurements And Determination Of The Absolute Configuration

The enantiomers of 6-methoxy-3,3’,3’-trimethylspiro[2H-1-benzopyran-2,1’[2]oxaindan] were separated with the high-pressure liquid chromatography method. Their optical properties were studied experimentally and by quantum-chemical calculations. The absolute configurations of the compounds were determined by comparison of the measured and calculated CD spectra.

Topic: Synthesis of Organic Compounds
Subfield: Pharmacology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Supplemental figure 5 from Met Signaling Cascade Is Amplified by the Recruitment of Phosphorylated Met to Lipid Rafts via CD24 and Leads to Drug Resistance in Endometrial Cancer Cell Lines

&lt;p&gt;Expression of CD24, phospho-Met, MDR-1 and MRP in cisplatin-treated EC xenogrft tumors&lt;/p&gt;

Topic: Cancer, Lipids, and Metabolism
Subfield: Cancer Research
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Optimisation of a microfluidic SNP assay for accurate hybrid class detection in the European Wildcat (Felis silvestris)

<title>Abstract</title> Anthropogenic hybridisation between wild and domestic taxa poses a significant threat to species integrity, including the endangered European wildcat. To enable reliable molecular assessment of admixture with domestic cats and to increase the accuracy of hybrid class assignment we optimised an existing reduced microfluidic 96 Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) panel. We selected SNPs from a genome-wide dataset for maximum FST between both taxa and replaced 60 SNPs from the previous 96 SNP panel. Comparison of both panels based on simulated hybrid genotypes and real-world genotypes proof the higher discriminatory power of the optimised panel, which allows for reliable assignment of F1 and F2 hybrids, as well as 1st and 2nd generation backcrosses. Additionally, we successfully tested the panel for both tissue and non-invasively collected hair samples, demonstrating the suitability of the new panel for implementation in wildcat monitoring programmes.

Topic: Genetic diversity and population structure
Subfield: Genetics
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Supplementary Table 2 from Circulating Long RNAs in Serum Extracellular Vesicles: Their Characterization and Potential Application as Biomarkers for Diagnosis of Colorectal Cancer

&lt;p&gt;The list of mRNA primers and the statistical results of exosomal RNA level comparison between 8 CRCs and 8 healthy subjects&lt;/p&gt;

Topic: Extracellular vesicles in disease
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Red blood cells as potential materials for microRNA biomarker study: overcoming heparin-related challenges

microRNAs are valuable biomarkers in cardiometabolic disease, but heparinized tubes hinder their detection because of qPCR interference. RBCs, which express abundant microRNAs like miR-210-3p, may serve as an alternative. microRNAs, including miR-210-3p, are consistently detectable in RBCs at comparable levels between heparinized and EDTA tubes. miR-210-3p levels in RBCs are similarly reduced in heparinized tubes of patients with type 2 diabetes. Thus, RBCs offer a promising solution for miRNA biomarker studies, overcoming heparin-related challenges.

Topic: MicroRNA in disease regulation
Subfield: Cancer Research
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Materials Data on Ba7Ga5AgSe15 by Materials Project

Ba7AgGa5Se15 crystallizes in the trigonal P31c space group. The structure is three-dimensional. there are three inequivalent Ba2+ sites. In the first Ba2+ site, Ba2+ is bonded in a 7-coordinate geometry to seven Se2- atoms. There are a spread of Ba–Se bond distances ranging from 3.41–3.49 Å. In the second Ba2+ site, Ba2+ is bonded in a 8-coordinate geometry to eight Se2- atoms. There are a spread of Ba–Se bond distances ranging from 3.27–3.80 Å. In the third Ba2+ site, Ba2+ is bonded in a 5-coordinate geometry to eight Se2- atoms. There are a spread of Ba–Se bond distances ranging from 3.30–3.94 Å. Ag1+ is bonded to four Se2- atoms to form AgSe4 trigonal pyramids that share corners with four GaSe4 tetrahedra. There are three shorter (2.67 Å) and one longer (2.96 Å) Ag–Se bond lengths. There are three inequivalent Ga3+ sites. In the first Ga3+ site, Ga3+ is bonded to four Se2- atoms to form GaSe4 tetrahedra that share corners with three equivalent GaSe4 tetrahedra and a cornercorner with one AgSe4 trigonal pyramid. There are one shorter (2.36 Å) and three longer (2.45 Å) Ga–Se bond lengths. In the second Ga3+ site, Ga3+ is bonded to four Se2- atoms to form GaSe4 tetrahedra that share corners with three GaSe4 tetrahedra and a cornercorner with one AgSe4 trigonal pyramid. There are a spread of Ga–Se bond distances ranging from 2.39–2.45 Å. In the third Ga3+ site, Ga3+ is bonded in a tetrahedral geometry to four Se2- atoms. There are three shorter (2.44 Å) and one longer (2.46 Å) Ga–Se bond lengths. There are seven inequivalent Se2- sites. In the first Se2- site, Se2- is bonded in a distorted water-like geometry to two Ba2+ and two equivalent Ga3+ atoms. In the second Se2- site, Se2- is bonded in a 2-coordinate geometry to four Ba2+ and two Ga3+ atoms. In the third Se2- site, Se2- is bonded to three equivalent Ba2+, one Ag1+, and one Ga3+ atom to form corner-sharing SeBa3GaAg trigonal bipyramids. The corner-sharing octahedral tilt angles are 48°. In the fourth Se2- site, Se2- is bonded to four Ba2+ and one Ga3+ atom to form corner-sharing SeBa4Ga trigonal bipyramids. The corner-sharing octahedral tilt angles are 43°. In the fifth Se2- site, Se2- is bonded in a 1-coordinate geometry to five Ba2+ and one Ga3+ atom. In the sixth Se2- site, Se2- is bonded to six Ba2+ atoms to form corner-sharing SeBa6 octahedra. In the seventh Se2- site, Se2- is bonded in a 5-coordinate geometry to three Ba2+, one Ag1+, and one Ga3+ atom.

Topic: Rare-earth and actinide compounds
Subfield: Condensed Matter Physics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Phase Transitions, theta Behavior and Instantons in QCD and its Holographic Model

In the holographic model of QCD, theta dependence sharply changes at the point of confinement deconfinement phase transition. In large N QCD such a change in theta behavior can be related to the breakdown of the instanton expansion at some critical temperature T_c. Associating this temperature with confinement-deconfinement phase transition leads to the description of the latter in terms of dissociation of instantons into the fractionally charged instanton quarks. To elucidate this picture, we introduce the nonvanishing chiral condensate in the deconfining phase and assume a specific lagrangian for the eta' field in the confining phase. In the resulting picture the high temperature phase of the theory consists of the dilute gas of instantons, while the low temperature phase is described in terms of freely moving fractional instanton quarks.

Topic: High-Energy Particle Collisions Research
Subfield: Nuclear and High Energy Physics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
High-level expression of hepatitis B virus HBx gene and hepatocarcinogenesis in transgenic mice

We studied the development of liver tumors in male HBx gene transgenic mice. Of two lineages studied, in the lineage with the lowest HBx gene expression liver tumors developed only in an incidence comparable with that in normal CD-1 strain, whereas 84% of male mice with a high level of the HBx gene product succumbed to liver neoplasia, indicating that continued HBx gene expression higher than a certain threshold level may be necessary for the development of hepatic neoplasia. Sixty-five mice from a lineage with a high level of HBx expression were then followed throughout their 24-mo lifespan. The livers of transgenic mice showed foci of cellular alteration with cytoplasmic vacuolations around the central veins from the age of 2 mo, but these foci did not expand progressively by the age of 12 mo. Immunostaining demonstrated such hepatocytes had higher expression of HBx protein than surrounding cells. Neoplastic lesions including liver cell adenomas and hepatocellular carcinomas developed from the age of 13 mo. By bromodeoxyuridine labeling analysis, hepatocytes in altered foci were found to have increased DNA synthesis, whereas no labeling was observed in age- and sex-matched nontransgenic littermate controls. Furthermore, DNA content analysis revealed the existence of several small aneuploid peaks in the transgenic liver before the age of tumor development. These results suggest that the continued expression of HBx gene may initiate a complex process to hepatocellular carcinoma by inducing DNA synthesis and placing large numbers of hepatocytes subjective to secondary events for transformation. (Hepatology 1994;19:810-819.)

Topic: Hepatitis B Virus Studies
Subfield: Epidemiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
The Autism Phenome Project: Toward Identifying Clinically Meaningful Subgroups of Autism

One of the most universally accepted facts about autism is that it is heterogenous. Individuals diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder have a wide range of behavioral presentations and a variety of co-occurring medical and mental health conditions. The identification of more homogenous subgroups is likely to lead to a better understanding of etiologies as well as more targeted interventions and treatments. In 2006, we initiated the UC Davis MIND Institute Autism Phenome Project (APP) with the overarching goal of identifying clinically meaningful subtypes of autism. This ongoing longitudinal multidisciplinary study now includes over 400 children and involves comprehensive medical, behavioral, and neuroimaging assessments from early childhood through adolescence (2–19 years of age). We have employed several strategies to identify sub-populations within autistic individuals: subgrouping by neural, biological, behavioral or clinical characteristics as well as by developmental trajectories. In this Mini Review, we summarize findings to date from the APP cohort and describe progress made toward identifying meaningful subgroups of autism.

Topic: Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
Subfield: Cognitive Neuroscience
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences
Mitogenic Responsiveness and Monocyte-Lymphocyte Interaction of Early and Late Rosette-Forming Cell Populations of Human Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes

Abstract Adherent cells in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells were removed by the attachment to the plastic surface of tissue culture dishes. After removal of adherent cells, early rosette-forming cells (early RFC), which were characterized by early (5 min) rosette formation with sheep blood cells (SRBC) at an SRBC to lymphocyte ratio of 8:1, were separated from nonrosetting cells by sedimentation on Ficoll-Hypaque gradient. Total (60 min) rosette formation was carried out with the early RFC-depleted cell population on the gradient interface by the use of neuraminidase-treated SRBC at an SRBC to lymphocyte ratio of 20:1 and the resulting rosette-forming cells (late RFC) were sedimented by gradient centrifugation. These T cell subpopulations, early RFC-enriched and late RFC-enriched, were reasonably pure with respect to the ability to bind SRBC and contained less than 0.5% monocytes. Monocyte preparations, which were obtained after vigorous washing of the adherent cell layers on tissue culture dishes, responded to phytohemagglutinin P (PHA-P) or concanavalin A (Con A) with negligible incorporation of 3H-thymidine. There was no significant difference in the responsiveness to PHA-P between early RFC-enriched and late RFC-enriched populations either in the absence or in the presence of graded numbers of additional autologous monocytes. However, the response of early RFC-enriched population to Con A was significantly poor as compared with that of late RFC-enriched one unless additional monocytes were added. In the presence of 20% autologous monocytes in the culture, the Con A-induced response of early RFC-enriched population was markedly enhanced to reach close to that of late RFC-enriched population. These results suggest that early RFC and late RFC might be different from each other in their responsiveness and in their need for monocytes on the stimulation with Con A.

Topic: Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
Subfield: Hematology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Respiratory Epithelial Orbital Cyst: Report of a Case and Review of the Literature

Orbital cysts include the common epidermoid and dermoid cysts, cysts of conjunctival origin and cysts lined by respiratory‐type epithelium. Respiratory epithelial cysts are exceedingly rare and have been reported in common locations for dermoid cysts (superotemporal and superonasal anterior orbit) and in sites atypical for dermoid cysts. Most represent maxillary sinus mucoceles extending into the orbital floor. In some patients, a history of orbital trauma or previous sinus surgery has been implicated in the implantation of the respiratory epithelium in the orbit. Rarely, the respiratory epithelial cyst has been considered to be a choristoma. We report the case of a 72‐year‐old woman who presented with a cyst in the anterior superotemporal orbit. There was no history of recent or remote trauma. The clinical impression was of a dermoid cyst. Histopathologic examination revealed a cyst lined by non‐keratinizing squamous epithelium. A few goblet cells were present and focally, short strips of ciliated mucin secreting columnar cells were identified. The histopathologic findings were those of a respiratory epithelial cyst of the orbit. Given the rarity of this entity, valuable information can be gleaned from critical evaluation and reporting of new cases, in the context of existing data in the literature.

Topic: Teratomas and Epidermoid Cysts
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
© IDOSI Publications, 2010 A New Full Swing Full Adder Based on New Logic Approach

Abstract: As full adders are duplicated many times in arithmetic circuits, power consumption of them plays important role in total power consumption of the system. This paper presents a new low power full adder based on a new logic approach. The main aim is implementing full adder with only one XOR module to reduce power consumption. Simulation has been conducted by using HSPICE in 0.18 m bulk technology with 1.8V supply voltage. The results show that the proposed circuit has less power and higher delay than recently proposed full adders in the literature. However, PDP has been improved. Index Terms-Full adder Low power Very Large Scale Integrated Circuit

Topic: Bioactive Natural Diterpenoids Research
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences