jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Change of Ruminoreticular Temperature and Body Activity before and after Parturition in Hanwoo (Bos taurus coreanae) Cows

How do body temperature and activity change before and after parturition in pregnant cows? Changes in body temperature such as ruminal, rectal, and vaginal temperature during the parturition have been reported, but there are no results of the simultaneous observation of body temperature and activity. The aim of this study was to simultaneously confirm changes in the ruminoreticular temperature and body activity before and after parturition using the ruminoreticular bio-capsule sensor every 1 h. The 55 pregnant cows were used for the experiment, the ruminoreticular bio-capsule sensor was inserted and stabilized, and the ruminoreticular temperature and body activity were measured. The ruminoreticular temperature was lower by 0.5° from −24 h to −3 h in parturition compared to 48 h before parturition and then recovered again after parturition. Body activity increased temporarily at the time of parturition and 12 h after parturition. Therefore, the ruminoreticular temperature and body activity before and after parturition was simultaneously confirmed in pregnant cows.

Topic: Effects of Environmental Stressors on Livestock
Subfield: Animal Science and Zoology
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Neuro-oncology insights from European Society of Medical Oncology 2012

European Society of Medical Oncology (ESMO), the annual conference of the ESMO, has become one of the leading oncological meetings worldwide. This year's ESMO was held in Vienna, Austria, from 28 September to 2 October, attracted more than 16,000 attendees from around the world and was dedicated to the implementation of personalized medicine in all oncologic subdisciplines, including neuro-oncology.

Topic: Cancer Treatment and Pharmacology
Subfield: Oncology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Needed Research in Health and Medical Care.

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal

Topic: Health Sciences Research and Education
Subfield: General Health Professions
Field: Health Professions
Domain: Health Sciences
Biofilm Community Structures and Opportunistic Pathogen Gene Markers in Drinking Water Mains and the Role of Pipe Materials

Due to the difficulty of sampling, the characteristics of biofilm communities in drinking water mains are still poorly understood. In this study, 13 water mains were collected to investigate the occurrence of opportunistic pathogens, to explore the biofilm community structures, and to decipher the mechanisms of biofilm community assembly. The results showed high frequencies of detection of Legionella pneumophila, Acanthamoeba, and Vermamoeba vermiformis. The number of mycobacterial gene copies in ductile iron pipes (DIPs) was significantly higher than that in cast iron pipes (CIPs), indicating that pipe materials affected colonization by opportunistic pathogens. The biofilm samples were clearly clustered into two groups by pipe materials, highlighting the critical role of the pipe material in shaping biofilm communities. Furthermore, nitrifying bacteria were dominant in DIPs, while denitrifying bacteria were more abundant in CIPs than in DIPs. Overall, this work provides ecological insights into a poorly understood ecosystem.

Topic: Legionella and Acanthamoeba research
Subfield: Endocrinology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Fusion power and the environment.

Fusion reactor design concepts are being pursued in the research and development programme of various countries and studies are being undertaken on the possible environmental impact of fusion power reactors. The paper reviews and summarizes the results of such environmental impact studies. Attention is restricted to deuterium-tritium fusion reactor concepts and a preliminary environmental impact assessment is presented. The possible inventory tritium and radioactive materials in the neutron-activated blanket structure of fusion power reactors is described and potential hazards posed by this radioactive materials inventory are discussed. Non-radiological implications and accident considerations are outlined. In conclusion, various areas still awaiting further investigation and research work are identified. The paper contains 8 tables and 50 references.

Topic: Nuclear and radioactivity studies
Subfield: Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Venous Size Discrepancy Is a Critical Factor When Using Superficial Temporal Vessels as Recipient Vessels for Free Flaps

Abstract Background Superficial temporal vessels have been used successfully as recipient vessels for head and neck reconstruction. This study evaluates the impact of several treatment variables on flap failure and take-back rate when using these recipient vessels. Methods We conducted a retrospective study of all microsurgical reconstructions using superficial temporal vessels as recipient vessels in a period of 10 years. Variables collected included previous treatments (radiotherapy, chemotherapy, neck dissection, free flap reconstruction), type of flaps used (soft tissue, osteocutaneous), and vessel size discrepancy between donor and recipient vessels. Results A total of 132 patients were included in the study. The flap success rate was 98.5%. The take-back rate was 10.6%. The most frequent reason for take-back was venous congestion secondary to thrombosis. None of the studied variables was associated with flap failure. Reconstructions using osteocutaneous flaps and vein diameter discrepancy (ratio ≥ 2:1) had significantly higher take-back rates. Conclusion Flaps with a significant size discrepancy between donor and recipient veins (ratio ≥ 2:1) and fibula flaps (compared with soft tissue flaps) were associated with a higher risk of take-back. It is crucial to minimize venous engorgement during flap harvest and anastomosis, and limit vein redundancy during flap in-setting.

Topic: Reconstructive Surgery and Microvascular Techniques
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
DEGRADATION OF AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS OF ALKANOLAMINE BLENDS AT HIGH TEMPERATURE, UNDER THE PRESENCE OF CO<sub>2</sub>AND H<sub>2</sub>S

ABSTRACT ABSTRACT An experimental study on the degradation of aqueous solutions of alkanolamine blends, under the presence of carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide, was carried out. The studied alkanolamines were: diethanolamine (DEA), methyldiethanolamine (MDEA), and 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP). Degradation experiments were carried out at a temperature of 200°C. The mass fraction of DEA and MDEA in the studied aqueous solutions was 10% and 35%, respectively. AMP was incorporated into the MDEA-DEA aqueous solutions, with concentrations of (0–8) mass fraction. Partially degraded alkanolamine aqueous solutions were analyzed, after about 90 hours, by gas chromatography. It was found that in all the studied alkanolamine aqueous solutions the MDEA degrades more slowly than DEA under the same experimental conditions. Degradation of both alkanolamines was found to be almost independent of the AMP concentration. AMP exhibits an intermediate stability; it is more resistant to degradation than DEA but less than MDEA. In addition, thermal degradation of DEA and MDEA is minimal up to 200°C. Keywords: DiethanolamineMethyldiethanolamine2-Amino-2-methyl-1-propanolCarbon dioxideHydrogen sulfideAlkanolamine degradation Acknowledgments This work was supported by Instituto Mexicano del Petróleo under Research Projects D.00158, D.00127, and I.00102. We thank María Esther Rebolledo-Libreros for helping in the loading of the acid gases into the reactor during the experimental studies. We also thank Raúl Bocanegra Sánchez and Apolinar Jiménez Moreno for their constant help throughout the development of this research.

Topic: Carbon Dioxide Capture Technologies
Subfield: Mechanical Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Using Curve Fitting in Error Correcting Output Codes

The Error Correcting Output Codes (ECOC) represent any number of the binary classifiers to model the multiclass problems successfully. In this paper, we have used Curve Fitting as a binary classifier in ECOC algorithm to solve multiclass classification problems. Curve Fitting is a classifier based on a nonlinear decision boundary that separates two pattern classes by the curves of the best fit, and arriving at optimal boundary points between two classes. Since we need a coding and a decoding strategy to design an ECOC system, this paper gives five coding and eight decoding strategies of ECOC and compares the results of Curve Fitting with Adaboost classification and Nearest Mean Classifier (NMC). This evaluation has been performed on different data sets of UCI machine learning repository. The results indicate that One-versus-one, ECOC-ONE coding and LAP, BDEN decoding having the best results in contrast with another coding and decoding strategies and Curve Fitting  is a good base classifier in ECOC, also it is comparable with the other ECOC approaches.

Topic: Imbalanced Data Classification Techniques
Subfield: Artificial Intelligence
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Distributed fault diagnosis of large-scale discrete-time nonlinear systems: New results on the isolation problem

This paper deals with the problem of designing a distributed fault detection and isolation methodology for nonlinear discrete-time dynamical systems that are modelled as the interconnection of several subsystems. The subsystems are allowed to overlap, thus sharing some state components. For each subsystem, a Local Fault Diagnoser is designed, based on the measured local state of the subsystem as well as the transmitted variables of neighboring states that define the subsystem interconnections. The local diagnostic decision is made on the basis of the knowledge of the local subsystem dynamic model and of an adaptive approximation of the interconnection with neighboring subsystems. A Global Fault Diagnoser is introduced to isolate distributed faults that cannot be isolated locally. The use of a specially-designed consensus-based estimator is proposed in order to improve the detectability and isolability of faults affecting variables shared among different subsystems. Simulation results are utilized to illustrate of the effectiveness of the proposed distributed fault diagnosis methodology.

Topic: Fault Detection and Control Systems
Subfield: Control and Systems Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Crisis Response Strategies During Cryptocurrency Crash: A Netnographic Studies of Lunatics Community

Cryptocurrency is a speculative investment due to its volatility which could result in significant returns but also could end in crashes. Terra blockchain collapsed when its stable coin UST failed to maintain its peg to 1 USD and caused its sister coin LUNA to drop by more than 90% only in a few days. Terra LUNA itself has gained success and attracted many investors that became a strong community called Lunatics. Using Netnography; this study tried to observe crisis response strategies from Do Kwon, founder and CEO of Terraform Labs, and from Terra LUNA official Twitter account during the crash. Also, this study used community sentiment as an indicator to measure the success of the strategies. In addition, this study observed the interaction of the community during the crash period and how they overcome the crisis together. The results show that mortification and corrective action are the most effective strategy to generate positive sentiment. However, denials toward rumors cause more negative sentiment within the community. Despite the recovery plan from the Terra network, the Lunatics community also has its ways of recovering from the crisis. This study also revealed that community influencers' roles are crucial in controlling rumors during the crisis.

Topic: Complex Network Analysis Techniques
Subfield: Statistical and Nonlinear Physics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Quasi bound states in continuum induced by an external oscillating field

The presence of quasi bound states in continuum is demonstrated in a system represented by a time-dependent Fano–Anderson Hamiltonian where an impurity coupled with a one-dimensional chain is driven by an external oscillating field. The QBIC state is a metastable state with an extremely small decay rate caused by the competition between a stabilizing effect by the Van Hove singularity in the density of states and a destabilizing effect by the resonance instability. This competition occurs in systems with multiple overlapping energy bands. Although there is only one energy band in our system, multiple bands emerge in the spectrum of the Floquet Hamiltonian. As a result of the overlapping bands in the Floquet spectrum, the QBIC state is induced in the presence of an oscillating field. In terms of the Greenʼs function method, the analytical expression of the complex energy for the QBIC state is obtained as expansion near the band edge in powers of the coupling constant. Our results indicate that the appearance and the disappearance of the QBIC state repeatedly occur as the amplitude of the external field increases.

Topic: Mechanical and Optical Resonators
Subfield: Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Beyond representative democracy: constitutionalism in a polycentric polity

For many years, discussions on the legitimacy of the European institutions have revolved around the place of the parliamentary branch in the institutional system. The alleged weakness of the European Parliament and the inability of most national assemblies to influence the behaviour of their executive significantly were perceived as the core of the Union's ‘democratic deficit’. The European Parliament itself was not slow in raising the issue. From the mid-1980s onwards, it has repeatedly emphasized that while the competences transferred to the European Community were mostly of a legislative nature, its own legislative powers remained weaker than those of national legislatures, which situation was said to result in a weakening of the democratic quality of European decision-making.

Topic: European and International Law Studies
Subfield: Political Science and International Relations
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
A case of cystadenoma of the palate

Cystadenoma is a benign salivary gland tumor derived from glandular tissue. It occurs mainly in the ovary and occasionally in the testis and thyroid gland. We report a case of cystadenoma arising in the hard palate of a 40-year-old woman who presented with a swelling in the left side of the palate. The lesion was an elastic soft tumor measuring 20 × 20 mm with a clear border. The clinical diagnosis was a benign salivary gland tumor, and the tumor was resected under general anesthesia. The histopathological diagnosis was cystadenoma. There was no recurrence 1 year after the operation.

Topic: Salivary Gland Tumors Diagnosis and Treatment
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
&lt;title&gt;Substrate-removed 850-nm RCLEDs and small core (63/125 um) plastic optical fibers for optical data communication&lt;/title&gt;

Current developments in computer technology give rise to increasing data communication over relatively short distances at backplane- and inter MCM interconnect level. It is foreseen that electrical interconnect will not be able to accommodate the necessary data traffic in advanced data processing systems in the future and hence a bottleneck will be created. A potential remedy for this interconnect problem is the use of parallel optical datalinks. In this paper we propose small diameter step index plastic optical fiber ribbons in combination with high efficient resonant cavity LED's as a cheap and feasible option for these optical links. A design for such an optical link is presented with special, attention for the optical pathway. Experimental results on the optical properties of the used POF are shown. We describe the development of RCLED's at 850 nm specially designed for efficient coupling into POF. We measured a RCLED to POF coupling efficiency up to 40%. Additionally we report on the technologies used for the fabrication and assembly of the optical pathways and finally some experiments were carried out on the first realized assemblies.

Topic: Semiconductor Lasers and Optical Devices
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Semi-Blind Multi-Tag Ambient Backscatter Communications Using Radar Signals

In this work, we consider a backscatter communication system wherein multiple asynchronous sources (tags) exploit the reverberation generated by a nearby radar transmitter as an ambient carrier to deliver a message to a common destination (reader) through a number of available subchannels. We propose a new encoding strategy wherein each tag transmits both pilot and data symbols on each subchannel and repeats some of the data symbols on multiple subchannels. We then exploit this signal structure to derive two semi-blind iterative algorithms for joint estimation of the data symbols and the subchannel responses that are also able to handle some missing measurements. The proposed encoding/decoding strategies are scalable with the number of tags and their payload and can achieve different tradeoffs in terms of transmission and error rates. Some numerical examples are provided to illustrate the merits of the proposed solutions.

Topic: Energy Harvesting in Wireless Networks
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
&lt;title&gt;Wavelet transforms for electroencephalographic spike and seizure detection&lt;/title&gt;

The application of wavelet transforms (WT) to experimental data from the nervous system has been hindered by the lack of a straightforward method to handle noise. A noise reduction technique, developed recently for use in wavelet cluster analysis in cosmology and astronomy, is here adapted for electroencephalographic (EEG) time-series data. Noise is filtered using control surrogate data sets generated from randomized aspects of the original time-series. In this study, WT were applied to EEG data from human patients undergoing brain mapping with implanted subdural electrodes for the localization of epileptic seizure foci. EEG data in 1D were analyzed from individual electrodes, and 2D data from electrode grids. These techniques are a powerful means to identify epileptic spikes in such data, and offer a method to identity the onset and spatial extent of epileptic seizure foci. The method is readily applied to the detection of structure in stationary and non-stationary time-series from a variety of physical systems.

Topic: EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces
Subfield: Cognitive Neuroscience
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences
Algorithms for determining semantic relations of formal concepts by cognitive machine learning based on concept algebra

It is recognized that the semantic space of knowledge is a hierarchical concept network. This paper presents theories and algorithms of hierarchical concept classification by quantitative semantic relations via machine learning based on concept algebra. The equivalence between formal concepts are analyzed by an Algorithm of Concept Equivalence Analysis (ACEA), which quantitatively determines the semantic similarity of an arbitrary pair of formal concepts. This leads to the development of the Algorithm of Relational Semantic Classification (ARSC) for hierarchically classify any given concept in the semantic space of knowledge. Experiments applying Algorithms ACEA and ARSC on 20 formal concepts are successfully conducted, which encouragingly demonstrate the deep machine understanding of semantic relations and their quantitative weights beyond human perspectives on knowledge learning and natural language processing.

Topic: Cognitive Computing and Networks
Subfield: Artificial Intelligence
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Quality optimization of functional dairy products

Funkcionalni mlijecni proizvodi moraju osigurati normalnu fiziolosku funkciju organizma, te pružiti osobi sto veci udjel dnevno potrebnih tvari u cilju poboljsanja zdravlja. Sve je veci interes znanstvenika za proizvodnjom mlijecne hrane obogacene funkcionalnim sastojcima na bazi proteina, mineralnih tvari ili vitamina. Posebno se isticu prednosti uporabe koncentrata proteina sirutke i kultura odabranih sojeva probiotickih bakterija, te prebiotika od kojih je do sada najbolje istražen inulin. Osim toga u svijetu je zapažen porast proizvodnje kozjeg mlijeka, kao i ponude proizvoda od kozjeg mlijeka, zbog sastojaka vece nutritivne vrijednosti, bolje probavljivosti, te antialergijskih osobina. Vrijednost sirutke istice jos Hipokrat (400 god. p.n.e.) i preporuca ju konzumirati pri terapijama protiv tuberkuloze, kožnih bolesti, žutice, probavnih smetnji ili slicnih tegoba. Ipak su istraživanja na polju proizvodnje sirutkinih napitaka jos uvijek vrlo oskudna. Primjenom kombiniranja membranskih procesa, danas vec vrlo usavrsenih pri obradi mlijeka ili sirutke, rastu mogucnosti ponude funkcionalnih mlijecnih proizvoda bolje nutritivne vrijednosti i dulje trajnosti u odnosu na tradicionalne. U ovome radu isticu se mogucnosti proizvodnje funkcionalne hrane na bazi kravljeg ili kozjeg mlijeka, te na bazi sirutke, fermentirane kulturama probiotickih bakterija. Bitno je optimirati tehnologiju i funkcionalne dodatke u cilju poboljsanja prehrambene i zdravstvene vrijednosti proizvoda, ali je posebno važno dobiti proizvod poželjnih senzorskih osobina i prihvatljiv od strane potrosaca. Treba naglasiti da probioticki proizvodi moraju sadržavati minimalno 106 živih stanica od svake prisutne probioticke bakterije po mL (napitci) ili g (sirevi), tijekom navedenog roka trajanja proizvoda.

Topic: Food Industry and Aquatic Biology
Subfield: Food Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences