jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Cellulolytic enzymes in &lt;i&gt;Microbulbifer&lt;/i&gt; sp. Strain GL-2, a marine fish intestinal bacterium, with emphasis on endo-1,4-β-glucanases Cel5A and Cel8

Cellulose is an abundant biomass on the planet. Various cellulases from environmental microbes have been explored for industrial use of cellulose. Marine fish intestine is of interest as one source of new enzymes. Here, we report the discovery of genes encoding two β-glucosidases (Bgl3A and Bgl3B) and four endo-1,4-β-glucanases (Cel5A, Cel8, Cel5B, and Cel9) as part of the genome sequence of a cellulolytic marine bacterium, Microbulbifer sp. Strain GL-2. Five of these six enzymes (excepting Cel5B) are presumed to localize to the periplasm or outer membrane. Transcriptional analysis demonstrated that all six genes were highly expressed in stationary phase. The transcription was induced by cello-oligosaccharides rather than by glucose, suggesting that the cellulases are produced primarily for nutrient acquisition following initial growth, facilitating the secondary growth phase. We cloned the genes encoding two of the endo-1,4-β-glucanases, Cel5A and Cel8, and purified the corresponding recombinant enzymes following expression in Escherichia coli. The activity of Cel5A was observed across a wide range of temperatures (10-40 ˚C) and pHs (6-8). This pattern differed from those of Cel8 and the commercial cellulase Enthiron, both of which exhibit decreased activities below 30 ˚C and at alkaline pHs. These characteristics suggest that Cel5A might find use in industrial applications. Overall, our results reinforce the hypothesis that marine bacteria remain a possible source of novel cellulolytic activities.

Topic: Enzyme Production and Characterization
Subfield: Biotechnology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Directional Audiometry<i>A Review of F.-M. Tonning's Doctoral Thesis</i>

Tonning's doctoral thesis on directional audiometry is based on eight separate papers, published in Acta Oto-laryngologica (Stockholm). The present report summarizes the results of the research. This was focused mainly on the influence of azimuth of speech and white noise in normal and hard-of-hearing subjects. The latter group was studied without and with hearing aids. The reviewer acted as official opponent when the thesis was defended at the University of Bergen on October 5th, 1974.

Topic: Hearing Loss and Rehabilitation
Subfield: Cognitive Neuroscience
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences
The Rapoport effect is detected in a river system and is based on nested organization

ABSTRACT Aim To test two hypotheses: (i) the Rapoport effect is valid for a river continuum, particularly regarding the altitudinal distribution of mayflies over the large‐scale continuum from alpine stream to medium‐sized lowland river, and (ii) the observed Rapoport effect is based on high nestedness of the meta‐assemblage, implying the presence of a common species pool and species‐thinned nested subsets. Location Geometric centre of Eurasia, south‐western Siberia, Russia. Methods Regression analysis of breadth and midpoints of species altitudinal ranges, species richness and altitude. Comparison of the observed patterns with the null model predicted by the mid‐domain effect and conventional null hypothesis. Nestedness analysis. Results The Rapoport effect was explicitly demonstrated: species altitudinal ranges expanded with increase in the ranges’ midpoints and average per‐altitude ranges increased with increase in altitude and concurrent decrease in species richness. The significance of each trend was confirmed with respect to both the null models applied. Nestedness analysis has revealed that the observed Rapoport effect is based on nested organization of the meta‐assemblage over the river altitudinal/longitudinal gradient: a common species pool at low (but not the lowest) altitudes and nested subsets of this pool at higher altitudes. Main conclusions This study for the first time credibly shows the altitudinal Rapoport effect in freshwaters. This finding demonstrates cross‐habitat‐type consistency of the Rapoport effect, but does not suggest that the Rapoport effect is an obligatory attribute of river systems or lotic organisms. High nestedness underlying the observed Rapoport effect together with some previous studies indicate that the Rapoport effect in altitudinal and bathymetric gradients in general may be based on nested organization. The study highlights a deficiency of cross‐habitat‐type analyses of macroecological patterns (i.e. over terrestrial, freshwater and marine habitats).

Topic: Plant and animal studies
Subfield: Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Fuzzy evaluation model of Yantai water-based system based on index weight reliability analysis

The health status of Yantai urban water-based system(Yantai UWBS) from 1996 to 2005 is evaluated with fuzzy pattern recognition model based on relative membership degree theory. Firstly, with AHP method, the index system is divided into four hierarchies: object hierarchy, criteria hierarchy, factor hierarchy and index hierarchy. And reference to relative national normative criterions or the index standard values of other cities, the index standard values of Yantai UWBS are adjusted synthetically. Secondly, index weights are calculated with comprehensive approach: AHP method is used to calculate the subjective weight; and based on the reliability analysis, CRITIC method is used to calculate the objective weight. Following evaluation results are obtained: (1) The health status can be divided into three stages: healthy evolvement from 1996 to 1997, continuous low level from 1998 to 1999, and stable recovery stage from 2000 to 2005. (2) For the sustainable water resources utilization in Yantai, the key restricting factor is the excessive development of groundwater under the influence of hydrological cycle. (3) The high and low water circle year influences the system status remarkably, and the bad status caused by hydrological cycle has short restore cycle.

Topic: Research studies in Vietnam
Subfield: Ecology
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Integrated natural gas and electricity market: A survey of the state of the art in operation planning and market issues

The integration of natural gas and electricity sectors has increased as a consequence of the growing installation of natural gas fired power plants (NGFPP). This paper presents a comprehensive literature survey of previous researches on integrated natural gas and electricity operation planning. The relevant characteristic of natural gas and electricity systems are compared. A brief description of the natural gas market structure and the price formation are presented. NGFPPs perspective in liberalized gas and electricity markets is analyzed. Latin American regulatory and market issues are presented focusing on the existing barriers for the gas and electricity markets integration.

Topic: Integrated Energy Systems Optimization
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Results of Construction Monitoring and Phase 1 Data Recovery at the Pima County Wireless Integrated Network Project Tower Site, City of Tucson, Pima County, Arizona

The Pima County Information Technology Department and the Pima County Sheriffs Department have joined with a number of public safety entities to develop and put to use the Pima County Wireless Integrated Network (PCWIN)—a regional public safety radio system. The PCWIN project included establishment of more than 30 tower sites and/or dispatch centers, the majority of which involved the collocation of new facilities onto existing tower structures and/or within existing buildings. The consultation process resulted in a determination by the FCC that construction of the new 125-foot-tall PCWIN tower would adversely affect historic properties. Specifically, there would be direct impacts to contributing components of the Tumamoc Hill Archaeological District, as well as impacts to the visual character of both the Tumamoc Hill Archaeological District and Desert Laboratory NHL. Resolution of these issues was sought through a program of avoidance procedures, archaeological monitoring, and data recovery to be conducted in accordance with the stipulations of a Memorandum of Agreement (MOA) between the FCC, the National Park Service, SHPO, the University of Arizona, Pima County, and concurring parties, which included the Pascua Yaqui Tribe, and ASM. CRHPD contracted SWCA Environmental Consultants (SWCA) to produce a treatment plan (Hesse 2012). Consultation also determined that several of the activities associated with construction of the tower would either not impact contributing resources to the Desert Laboratory NHL and Tumamoc Hill Archaeological District or they would not adversely affect these historic properties provided construction activities followed the procedures specified in the project monitoring and discovery plan (Hesse 2011a). These activities included the identification and marking of subsurface utilities, pre-construction geotechnical testing, repair of the existing access road pavement, building demolition and tower disassembly, and at-grade power pole removal. Construction was undertaken episodically between October 12, 2011, and September 14, 2013. SWCA monitored construction activities in accordance with the monitoring and discovery plan (Hesse 2011a). SWCA also completed the archaeological Phase 1 data recovery outlined in the treatment plan (Hesse 2012). Data recovery fieldwork began on February 24, 2012, and was completed on March 12, 2012.

Topic: BIM and Construction Integration
Subfield: Building and Construction
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Romania - Strategic assessement of integrated development plans for growth poles

Integrated Development Plans (IDPs) have been introduced in Romania as a prerequisite for accessing EU funds under the Regional Operational Program (ROP). The IDPs designed for growth poles represent a specific category of strategic planning documents as: 1) they need to be considered within the frame of the national policy to whose implementation they contribute; and 2) they represent a first endeavor to think of development across functional areas rather than confined to the administrative borders of the main cities. The objectives of this report are: i) to carry out a strategic evaluation of the seven IDPs and assess how the current plans compare with the diagnostic of the challenges identified in the work on urban development; and ii) to provide clear recommendations for the improvement of existing IDPs which will contribute to the elaboration of the future generation of plans implemented during the next programming period and will help improve the targeting of investments to enhance their economic impact.

Topic: Regional Development and Policy
Subfield: Political Science and International Relations
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Maize Mo17 SNPs

Genome resequencing of Mo17 was done as part of the bioMAP project (REF). 477 million 100bp paired-end reads were generated for Mo17 giving an average of 95x coverage. Reads were first trimmed by Trimmomatic (Bolger et al. 2014) and mapped to the maize B73 genome AGPv4 (Jiao et al. 2017) using BWA-MEM (Li and Durbin 2010). PCR duplicates were marked and removed using GATK (McKenna et al. 2010). Variants were called by GATK haplotypecaller and filtered using different filters for SNPs: (QD > 2, FS < 60, MQ > 40, MQRankSum > -12.5, ReadPosRankSum > -8, SOR < 4) and for InDels: (QD > 2, FS < 200, ReadPosRankSum > -20, SOR < 10). Moreover, variants located in regions with unusually high coverage (DP > Mean + 2*SD) and heterozygous calls (GT == '0/1') were also removed. The final variant file containing 8.04 million variants with 164 thousand CDS variants was deposited in DRUM.

Topic: Genetic Mapping and Diversity in Plants and Animals
Subfield: Genetics
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Scientific opinion on the safety and efficacy of concentrated liquid L‐lysine (base), concentrated liquid L‐lysine monohydrochloride and L‐lysine monohydrochloride produced by Escherichia coli (FERM BP‐10941) for all animal species, based on three dossiers submitted by Ajinomoto Eurolysine SAS

Concentrated liquid L-lysine (base), concentrated liquid L-lysine monohydrochloride (HCl) and L-lysine HCl technically pure are produced by fermentation with a genetically modified Escherichia coli (FERM BP-10941). Neither the production strain nor its recombinant DNA was detected in any of the final products. The final products do not raise any safety concern with regard to the genetic modifications. Concentrated liquid L-lysine (base), concentrated liquid L-lysine HCl and L-lysine HCl technically pure are considered safe for target species when supplemented in appropriate amounts. Lysine produced by E. coli (FERM BP-10941) is not genotoxic and the results of subchronic studies do not indicate any specific concerns. As there are no lysine metabolites associated with safety concerns in the animal tissues and products, the EFSA Panel on Additives and Products or Substances used in Animal Feed (FEEDAP Panel) considers that the use of L-lysine and its hydrochloride salts in animal feed does not pose a risk for the consumer. Concentrated liquid L-lysine (base), concentrated liquid L-lysine HCl and L-lysine HCl technically pure are not considered to have the potential to cause respiratory toxicity, skin or eye irritation or skin sensitisation, but respiratory sensitisation cannot be excluded. L-Lysine is a substance naturally occurring in bacteria, plants and animals. The use of L-lysine-containing feed additives does not represent a risk to the environment. Concentrated liquid L-lysine (base), concentrated liquid L-lysine HCl and L-lysine HCl technically pure are considered equivalent in terms of L-lysine availability to the target animals. The efficacy of supplementing L-lysine and its hydrochloride salts is extensively demonstrated in the literature for mammals (except ruminants), poultry and fish, including its use in a liquid or a powder form. Therefore it does not require any further demonstration. Response in ruminants requires some degree of protection of L-lysine from ruminal degradation.

Topic: Agricultural safety and regulations
Subfield: Food Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Developing organic cookies with improved consumer properties using safety management approaches

In order to improve the mineral, vitamin composition, and nutritional value of flour confectionery products, new recipes for the "Flori" and "Janet" cookies baked from organic raw materials have been devised. Fully organic raw materials are used in the formulations of both products. The composition of cookies includes spelt flour, cornflour, coconut sugar, butter, dry coconut milk, sea buckthorn oil, hemp oil, lemon balm powder. The organoleptic assessment of cookies was conducted according to a 50-point scale developed by the authors of this paper. The developed samples ranked high on the tasting score: "Flori" (48.12) and "Janet" (49.25). The fat content was decreased in both samples; in the "Flori" sample ‒ by 0.9 g/100 g, and in the "Janet" sample ‒ by 1.2 g/100 g. The protein content increased in the samples, especially in the "Flori" cookies ‒ by 2.3 g/100 g. The "Janet" cookie sample demonstrated the lowest energy value of 380.50 kcal/100 g. The samples were distinguished by the low content of mercury, cadmium, and arsenic. The content of all mineral elements except for sodium increased in the developed biscuits. The potassium content increased by 2.34 times in the "Flori" biscuits and by 2.29 times in the "Janet" biscuits. The calcium content in the "Flori" cookies increased by 3.13 times, in the "Janet" cookies ‒ by 3.64 times. The content of manganese in both samples increased noticeably. Consuming the developed organic cookies makes it possible to increase the level of meeting the human body's requirements for macro- and microelements. The Ishikawa method was used to identify the main factors affecting the safety of cookies. A flowchart of cookie production was drawn up; the critical points were identified. These include the acceptance inspection of raw materials, heat treatment. The data obtained can be used by the confectionery industry to expand the range of organic products.

Topic: Food Industry and Aquatic Biology
Subfield: Food Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Gastrointestinal translocation as a possible source of candidemia in an AIDS patient

Apart from cryptococcosis and histoplasmosis, which are mycoses contained by T cell-mediated mechanisms of host defense, fungemia is rarely found in AIDS patients. The frequency of fungemia due to Candida spp. has been reported to be as low as 1 %. We report a non-neutropenic AIDS patient who presented a candidemia which probably arose from her gastrointestinal tract.

Topic: Antifungal resistance and susceptibility
Subfield: Infectious Diseases
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Comparison of the Structures of the Five-Coordinate Cobalt(II) Pyridine, Five-Coordinate Cobalt(III) Methyl, and Six-Coordinate Cobalt(III) Methyl Pyridine Complexes of Octaethylporphyrin <i>J</i>. <i>Am</i>. <i>Chem</i>. <i>Soc</i>. <b>1994</b>, <i>116</i>, 7189−7195

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVAddition/CorrectionNEXTComparison of the Structures of the Five-Coordinate Cobalt(II) Pyridine, Five-Coordinate Cobalt(III) Methyl, and Six-Coordinate Cobalt(III) Methyl Pyridine Complexes of Octaethylporphyrin J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1994, 116, 7189−7195Jack S. Summers, Jeffrey L. Petersen, and Alan M. StolzenbergCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1996, 118, 21, 5160Publication Date (Web):May 29, 1996Publication History Published online29 May 1996Published inissue 1 January 1996https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja965405rhttps://doi.org/10.1021/ja965405rcorrectionACS PublicationsCopyright © 1996 American Chemical Society. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Request reuse permissions This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views372Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (100 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts

Topic: Porphyrin and Phthalocyanine Chemistry
Subfield: Materials Chemistry
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
New Bioactive Cerebrosides from <i>Arisaema amurense</i>

From Arisaema amurense, four new cerebrosides were isolated along with a known cerebroside. The new cerebrosides were characterized as 1-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl- (2S,3R,4E,8Z)-2-[(2(R)- hydroxyicosanoyl)amido]-4,8-octadecadiene-1,3-diol (1), 1-O-beta-D- glucopyranosyl-(2S,3R,4E,8Z)- 2-[(2-hydroxyoctadecanoyl)amido]-4,8-octadecadiene-1,3-diol (2), 1-O-beta-D- glucopyranosyl- (2S,3R,4E,8E)-2-[(2-hydroxyicosanoyl)amido]-4,8-oct adecadiene-1,3-diol (4), and 1-O-beta-D- glucopyranosyl-(2S,3R,4E,8E)-2-[(2-hydroxyoctadecanoyl )amido]-4,8- octadecadiene-1,3-diol (5), respectively. These cerebrosides displayed significant antihepatotoxic activity.

Topic: Phytochemistry and Bioactivity Studies
Subfield: Pharmacology
Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics
Domain: Life Sciences
PREVALENCE OF F. gigantica AND PATHOLOGICAL CHANGES IN LIVER OF SIMEULUE BUFFALO

The aim of this study was to identify the prevalence of fasciolosis of Simeulue’s buffalo using macroscopic approach by observing pathological changes in the liver. The sample were obtained from slaughterhouse in Sinabang. A number of 60 livers were obtained on July to September 2015 based on post mortem examination. From this sample, a total of 57 livers were found positive indication of infested by F. gigantica (95%). The length and width of F. gigantica was 25 mm and 7 mm. The body was flat as a leaf, blunt on posterior, gray, brown, transparant and do not have a real shoulder shapes. The liver which were not infested with F. gigantica showed sharp edges and a very high degree of elasticity. On the other hand, in the infested liver was found F. gigantica in the bile duct and showed a color of pale, the dark brown exudate as well as objects looks like gravel. The buffaloes sample were supplied to the abattoir from the paddy fields or oil palm plantations area. In comparison, the buffaloes raised in both areas were not different on the pathological changes of liver. In conclusion, this study showed that simeulue’s buffalo is very prevalence to F. gigantica.

Topic: Helminth infection and control
Subfield: Small Animals
Field: Veterinary
Domain: Health Sciences
Toleranz - Akzeptanz - Versöhnung: Der schwierige Weg durch das Mittelalter

From the inception of Italian public television in the mid-1950s engagement with history has been a distinctive feature of domestic drama production. Past events, war events, the lives of noteworthy individuals, have in the years represented a suitable source of inspiration and provided wealthy of subject matter for countless historical TV dramas. Biographies, however, have gained prominence and come to constitute the primary means through which public history is created and circulated as a ‘hall of fame’ and arena for performance of righteous Italianness. The hugely successful biopic Perlasca. An Italian hero (2002) provides the appropriate case study to illustrate this typically Italian feature and to account for the entanglement of past history and present politics of memorialization.

Topic: European history and politics
Subfield: Political Science and International Relations
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Spray Modeling System

Spray Modeling System is a real-time interactive 3D modeling system that shaves and swells objects by spraying virtual particles onto their surfaces. Users can make holes and fill them with the same spraying operation. This system achieves the simple but realistic modeling environment by following the real method called Sand Blast. More sensuous operations are available with a data tablet. So many people, especially beginners of 3D modeling, can use the system easily. Object surfaces are described with triangles. The triangles are subdivided or reduced automatically. The hole is displayed with the stencil buffer during a continuous operation and surface topology is changed just af-ter the operation. Front-list and Polygon-list, which are introduced in the system, subdivide the object space in order to accelerate shaving surfaces and making holes. These techniques achieve real-time 3D modeling on standard PCs. The performance of the system is confirmed with computer experiments.

Topic: Computer Graphics and Visualization Techniques
Subfield: Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences