jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Young People's Knowledge of the Consequences of Using Toxic Cosmetics

Introduction: A study on the knowledge of young people on the consequences of the use of toxic cosmetic products was carried out at the Institut Supérieur des Techniques Médicales of Kisangani with the objectives of analysing young people's knowledge of the use of toxic cosmetics, determining the consequences of abusive use of these products and evaluating the treatment in the event of irritation or intoxication.&#x0D; Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study based on face-to-face interviewing of students in the period from 1 January to 15 October 2021. Based on a Simple random sampling. Thus, 60 young people were recruited from a population of 1,865 students.&#x0D; Results: It was shown that the majority of young people (81.7%) were not aware of the chemical agents contained in toxic cosmetics, skin cancer was the consequence of the abusive use of toxic cosmetic products (50.0%), changing products considered toxic was the management observed in case of allergies or skin irritations (53.3%).&#x0D; Conclusion: Young people's lack of knowledge about the chemical agents in toxic cosmetic products is a real public health problem. The need and importance of raising awareness among young people about not using toxic cosmetic products that can cause harmful and damaging consequences on the skin is essential. This is where the role of the authorities in charge of controlling and regulating the conformity of products released for consumption comes in.

Topic: Safe Handling of Antineoplastic Drugs
Subfield: Occupational Therapy
Field: Health Professions
Domain: Health Sciences
Lavender essential oils–hidden relationships between the samples of origin

Lavender essential oil is an economically important ingredient in perfumery, the food industry, and pharmacy. There is notable diversity in the composition of lavender essential oils. The reasons are the high genetic diversity of lavender cultivars and the variety of ecological specifics in the regions of cultivation. The aim of this research is to check which lavender essential oil variety is best regarding the content of the most important components through comparative statistical tests. We created a data set of 88 lavender essential oil samples from 16 countries. The multivariate statistics (hierarchical and non-hierarchical clustering) and factor analysis reveal hidden relationships between the objects of the study (samples) or between the variables characterizing the objects (chemical descriptors–16 components). The results are discussed in detail. All samples from Bulgaria, together with a few of the Italian, French, Greek, Indian, and Chinese samples, fall into one cluster with the standard maximums. Graphical abstract :

Topic: Essential Oils and Antimicrobial Activity
Subfield: Food Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
EEG measurement of neural oscillations at high and low frequencies across languages

The comprehension and understanding of language depends upon two critical things: first, the acoustic integrity of the linguistic signal that is sent and received as well as the knowledge of the phonology and meaning that is in a given language. However, little is known about how brain rhythms that track these properties involved in comprehension and understanding. A 14 channel telemetric headset measuring electroencephalography (EEG) was used in this study to track the brainâ€™s response at both high (30-50Hz) and low frequencies (3-30Hz) while language samples at varying levels of intelligibility were presented to a native Spanish speaker under the following listening conditions: Arabic forward, Arabic reversed, Portuguese forward, Portuguese reversed, Spanish forward and Spanish reversed. Results showed that conditions in which language was comprehended were associated with differences at both high and low frequencies in left and right hemisphere electrodes. A condition in which participants partially understood the intended message (i.e., Portuguese) showed differences from native language listening at high frequencies. Findings are discussed with respect to current theoretical accounts of oscillatory function in speech and language processing along with recent findings.

Topic: Fractal and DNA sequence analysis
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Pengaruh Penilaian Prestasi Pegawai Terhadap Promosi Pegawai pada SMP Negeri 6 Kota Langsa

This study aims to analyze the effect of employee performance appraisal on employee promotions at SMP Negeri 6 Langsa City. The data collection method used a questionnaire given to 50 employees of SMP Negeri 6 Langsa City who had undergone the process of assessing employee performance and promotion. Data were analyzed using multiple linear regression. The results showed that employee performance appraisal had a significant positive effect on employee promotions at SMP Negeri 6 Langsa City. Factors that have a significant effect on employee performance appraisal are work performance, work attitudes, and skills and competencies. While the factors that most influence on the promotion of employees are skills and competencies. Based on the research results, it can be concluded that employee performance appraisal has an important role in determining employee promotions. Therefore, SMP Negeri 6 Langsa City is advised to improve the employee performance appraisal system by taking into account the factors that have a significant influence, as well as providing training and developing skills and competencies for employees to increase opportunities for employee promotion in the future.

Topic: Employee Performance and Management
Subfield: Human Factors and Ergonomics
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
A national surveillance study by identification and RFLP genetic characterization of Mycobacterium bovis strains in Iran

In the early 1930s when Tehran Veterinary College – the first modern Iranian veterinary school – was established, the existence of bovine tuberculosis (BTB) in Persian cattle had already been reported by French scientists. Small-scale test-and-slaughter control plans have been employed since then by private and State veterinarians, mostly concentrated in cattle farms of the capital city of Tehran and its suburbs. It was in the 1960s when these discrete operations were scaled up and turned into the present-day national scheme. Since 2000, in addition to the traditional bacterial culture, genotyping (e.g., RFLP, spoligotyping and MIRU-VNTR typing) has been employed on a relatively large number of Mycobacterium bovis isolates from across Iran. The present work concentrates on RFLP findings using two markers of PGRS and DR. Altogether, 17 RFLP patterns (identified mutually by either of the two markers) have been found in Iran. The pattern representing the M. bovis BCG strain, so-called "BCG-like", is the commonest type being found almost everywhere in the country. Some of the remaining patterns, however, seem to have been geographically isolated over time. What is the current trend in the population of M. bovis in Iran? Are the localization of strains or expansion of them being observed? How extensive is the impact of veterinary measures in this context? These are some of the major questions that authors of this work have tried to raise.

Topic: Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology
Subfield: Infectious Diseases
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
[Mucous discharge features at duodenal ulcer in adolescents].

In recent years, significant progress in studying the pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of gastrointestinal diseases in children and adolescents. However, steady growth of erosive and ulcerative lesions of the mucous membrane of the stomach and duodenum in adolescents. A major role in the formation of chronic diseases of the stomach and duodenum assigned lower sacrificial function of the mucous membrane, which has multifactorial protection against pathogenic effects. The results of the study lektingistohimicheskogo mucus formation in the duodenal ulcer in adolescents.

Topic: Helicobacter pylori-related gastroenterology studies
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Causes of intrauterine fetal death are changing in recent years

Abstract Objective: To investigate, how causes of intrauterine fetal death (IUFD) have changed in recent years with the advancement of prenatal diagnosis at a single perinatal center in Japan. Methods: Medical records were retrospectively reviewed for all cases of IUFDs that occurred between 2001 and 2014. The most commonly associated causes of fetal deaths were compared between 2001–2007 and 2008–2014. Results: The number of IUFD after 20 weeks’ gestation/all deliveries in our center was 38/6878 cases (0.53%) in 2001–2007 and 35/7326 (0.48%) in 2008–2014. The leading cause of IUFD in 2001–2007 was fetal abnormalities (43.2%), the prevalence of which was only 8.6% in 2008–2014 (P&lt;0.01). Meanwhile, the prevalence of umbilical cord abnormalities was relatively increased from 30.0% in 2001–2007 to 54.5% in 2008–2014 (P=0.06). In 2001–2007, chromosomal abnormalities were frequently observed (56% of IUFDs due to fetal abnormalities). Hyper-coiled cord (HCC) and umbilical ring constrictions were the most frequent cause of IUFD in both periods. The relatively decreased prevalence of IUFD due to velamentous cord insertion and umbilical cord entanglement, HCC and umbilical cord constriction was increased. Conclusions: The prevalence of IUFD due to fetal abnormalities was reduced, but IUFD associated with umbilical cord abnormalities tended to increase relatively.

Topic: Prenatal Screening and Diagnostics
Subfield: Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Glycosaminoglycan (GAG) release from cartilage blocks determined after treatment with surface-degrading agents

<b>Copyright information:</b>Taken from "Bonding of articular cartilage using a combination of biochemical degradation and surface cross-linking"http://arthritis-research.com/content/9/3/R47Arthritis Research &amp; Therapy 2007;9(3):R47-R47.Published online 15 May 2007PMCID:PMC2206351. Cartilage blocks were subjected to pre-treatment with trypsin, pepsin, or guanidine, as indicated for the bonding experiments; the samples in the control group were incubated in PBS buffer. Subsequently, the GAG content within the cartilage blocks was determined. Additionally, the amount of GAG released into the medium (per cartilage block) was measured. Nine samples were measured per group. Bars represent the mean with standard error of the mean. values are from Tukey test for pairwise comparisons. Additionally, histological cross-sections of cartilage blocks were stained for GAGs.

Topic: Osteoarthritis Treatment and Mechanisms
Subfield: Rheumatology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Faculty Opinions recommendation of Is there a difference in ovarian reserve biomarkers and ovarian response between the right and left ovaries?

RESEARCH QUESTION: Is there a difference in ovarian reserve biomarkers and ovarian response between the right and left ovaries of infertile women undergoing IVF treatments?DESIGN: A total of 100 infertile women aged 27 to 37 years, diagnosed with either unexplained male factor or mechanical factor infertility, participated in the study. All women had both ovaries intact, and regular menstrual cycles with no previous diagnosis of polycystic ovaries or endometriosis. The data were collected separately for each ovary, and included parameters of basal sonographic ovarian reserve, as well as ovarian response to ovarian stimulation.RESULTS: Basal sonographic ovarian reserve markers were similar between the two ovaries. The right and left ovaries did not differ in their basal antral follicle count (AFC) (6.9 ± 3.9 versus 6.8 ± 3.8, respectively, P = 0.672), nor did they differ in their ovarian volume (10.3 ± 6.7 versus 9.8 ± 8.0 cm3, respectively, P = 0.636). Nevertheless, a superior right-sided ovarian response to ovarian stimulation was observed, with a significantly higher total number of follicles in the right compared with the left ovary (7.8 ± 4.3 versus 6.8 ± 4.2 follicles, respectively, P = 0.006), and a higher number of follicles ≥14 mm on the day of human chorionic gonadotrophin administration (4.9 ± 3.2 versus 3.8 ± 2.4 follicles, respectively, P = 0.002).CONCLUSIONS: Despite comparable basal AFC and ovarian volume, the two ovaries are distinguishable in their response to ovarian stimulation with a clear right-side preference. These findings imply that the superiority of right ovarian response may be derived from local pelvic factors, presumably a more efficient vascularization.Copyright © 2020 Reproductive Healthcare Ltd. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. PMID: 32709524

Topic: Ovarian function and disorders
Subfield: Reproductive Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Microvascular changes during the healing process of tooth extracted wound transplanted with the decalcified freeze-dried allografts.

In this study, decalcified freeze-dried allografts (DFs) were transplanted into the extracted sockets in rats. New bone formation and microvascular changes during the healing process were investigated.DFs were prepared according to the method described by Huggins et al. Bilateral upper first molars of 6-week-old rats were extracted. DFs were transplanted into the right sockets and surved as the experimental group and the left side sockets were left intact as the control group. The rats were killed at 3, 7, 10 days and 2, 3, 4 weeks postoperatively. Serial histological sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin for light microscopy, and microvascular casts were made according to Ohta's method for scanning electron microscopic (SEM) observation.Control group: On and after 3 days postoperatively, new bone formation initiated in the fundus of the sockets. The entire sockets were filled with a new bone up to 2 weeks and bone remodeling occurred in the fundus of sockets thereafter. In 4 weeks, a lamella-like bone structure was formed in the socket openings with a marrow observed in the fundus of the sockets. Resorption of buccal alveolar crests was observed between 7 days and 3 weeks after operation. The surface of the new bone was flat and continuous to the buccal alveolar bone.Experimental group: New bone formation was observed at the same time as the control group. In 3 days, collagen was removed from the surface and the crevice of DF, and in 10 days, DFs were resorbed into small units. In 2 weeks, DFs were surrounded with thus formed new bone, and gradually incorporated into the new bone by 4 weeks. The incorporation of DFs into the new bone was first observed in the fundus of the sockets, and then observed in the socket openings for a long time. Resorption of buccal alveolar crests was hardly observed.When transplanted into the extracted sockets, DFs remained for 4 weeks and were incorporated into the new bone. And the new bone recovered the original level of the alveolar ridge. This result suggests that DF is useful for preventing the residual ridge reduction after extraction of teeth and is a valuable material in the clinical dentistry.

Topic: Dental Trauma and Treatments
Subfield: Emergency Medical Services
Field: Health Professions
Domain: Health Sciences
How Do We Think about Our Craft?

To speak of craft is to presume a knowledge of a certain range of skills and proficiencies. It is to imagine an educated capacity to attain a desired end-inview or to bring about a desired result. Where teachers are concerned, the endin-view has to do with student learning; the desired result has to do with the “match” between what students have learned and what their teachers believe they have taught. We differ considerably among ourselves, of course, on the ends we actually have in mind and on the degree to which they can be predefined. Some of us focus on measurable competencies; others, on the process of coming to know, or on “knowing how” rather than “knowing that.” Some of us confine our attention to the cognitive domain; others try to cultivate imaginative capacities as well as cognitive ones; still others place equal stress on the affective domain. Many of us are uncertain about how much of our craft we have learned and about how much “comes naturally.” We wonder how much of our understanding can be put into words. How much of what we do is purely habitual and routinized? To what degree are choice and imagination involved? Is there a frame of reference to which most of us refer, what has been called “procedural lore”?1 How often, in any case, do we reflect on what we are doing, given our incessant involvement in the activity of teaching, maintaining order, meeting needs, making plans? To ask how we think about our craft is not to ask what we know about it. Following Hannah Arendt, I would describe thinking as a “soundless dialogue,“2 an internalized dialogue through which (as it were) we talk things over with ourselves. In order to engage in it, we have to “stop and think”; and, inevitably, it interrupts ordinary activities. To proceed unthinkingly is to be caught in the flux of things, to be “caught up” in dailyness, in the sequences of tasks and routines. Of course we have to proceed that way a good deal of the time, but there should be moments when we deliberately try to draw meaning out of particular incidents and experiences. This requires a pause, a conscious effort to shake free of what Virginia Woolf called “the nondescript cotton wool” of daily life.3 She associated such moments of awareness with “moments of being”: and she knew how rare they are in any given day and how necessary for the development of a sense of potency, of vital being in the world. Thinking about our craft often brings conscience to bear on the actions we

Topic: Art Education and Development
Subfield: Visual Arts and Performing Arts
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Life-history phenology strongly influences the vulnerability of populations to toxicants: a case study with the mudsnail Potamopyrgus antipodarum

Ecological risk assessment seeks assessing toxicants'impacts on populations or communities. Nevertheless, toxicity is commonly measured on sub-individual or individual endpoints. Introducing these effects into population models allows to apprehend potential demographic impacts. The environmental relevance of currently employed models could be improved to set up the ecological relevance of hazard assessment. With the mudsnail, our study illustrates how the combination of a field experimental approach with a modelling framework allows to decipher the seasonal variability of population vulnerability. We proceeded in three steps: (i) we characterized the seasonal variability of life-history traits from a native population during one year by means of in situ experiments (caged snails), coupled with a demographic follow-up, (ii) we developed a periodic matrix population model picturing the monthly variability of population dynamics, (iii) we simulated demographic consequences of life-history trait alterations. Results reveal that demographic impacts strongly depend on the season of toxic events. Model analysis allows understanding this pattern consistently to the phenology of the mudsnail life cycle. Thus, we underline that improving the realism of population models is a major concern for ERA, and that taking into account species phenology in modelling approaches should be one priority notably for time-varying contaminations.

Topic: Species Distribution and Climate Change
Subfield: Ecological Modeling
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
56.5: High Temperature Operation Stability Optimization for Flexible Automotive AMOLED by Rational Design

High temperature operation (HTO) stability is of importance for automotive AMOLED. The CIEy of white image decreased dramatically after long‐term operation at 85°C which made the color white became purple. We analyzed the image quality issue and found the root cause. The image quality after HTO was optimized by IRC algorithm compensation, BP and PCB design.

Topic: Organic Light-Emitting Diodes Research
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
A critical gel fluid with high extensibility: The rheology of chewing gum

Chewing gum provides an excellent everyday example of viscoelastic behavior, and understanding its rheological properties is important for application purposes. Here, we compare the rheological behavior of selected commercial chewing gums and bubble gums. Small amplitude oscillatory shear, shear creep, and steady shear demonstrated that both chewing and bubble gums behave like power-law critical gels in the linear regime. Nonlinear viscoelastic behavior was investigated using large amplitude oscillatory shear, shear creep, and start-up flows (in shear and uniaxial extension). Bubble gums showed more pronounced strain hardening and greater stresses to break in start-up of steady uniaxial extension than chewing gums. We argue that this combination of rheological signatures is sufficient to provide a new robust definition of chewing gum that is independent of specific molecular composition. There are potentially many different formulations and design routes that can achieve this distinctive rheological fingerprint.

Topic: Rheology and Fluid Dynamics Studies
Subfield: Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes
Field: Chemical Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Bonded silicon-on-sapphire wafers and devices

Silicon-on-sapphire (SOS) has been prepared by direct wafer bonding. The silicon layer was thinned to about 10 μm by mechanical grinding and chemical etching. P-N junction diodes were fabricated in the bonded SOS and compared with epitaxially grown SOS. The reverse bias leakage current was almost 15× less in the bonded SOS. A generation lifetime of 10 μs can be estimated from the junction leakage. The effects of processing temperatures on the bonded SOS were also studied.

Topic: 3D IC and TSV technologies
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Dynamics of Contested Sanctity in Mosques: A Historical Perspective

Mosques are symbols of peace and pluralism. However, some mosques are built over pre-Islamic places of worship or are considered sacred by non-Muslims. This has the potential to trigger interfaith tensions and conflicts. This article argues that mosques should be spaces and symbols of peace, religious tolerance, and multiculturalism. The study uses direct observation and compares textual and material evidence related to several large mosques in different countries. It concludes that mosque construction should consider historical and interfaith sensitivities, uphold the sanctity of places of worship, and avoid all forms of heresy. Mosque architecture and buildings can be a mirror of harmony and pluralism. Mosques are aesthetically adaptive and accommodate local wisdom, culture, and religious traditions. Historically controversial mosques cannot be justified and imitated as Islamic mosques in general. Mosque construction must prioritise peaceful views and rational spiritual understanding to maintain harmony and pluralism.

Topic: Islamic Studies and History
Subfield: Political Science and International Relations
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences