jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Effect of particle size and diluent type on critical parameters for disintegration of tablets containing croscarmellose sodium as a disintegrant

Purpose:The aim of the present work was to determine the effect of particle size and type of diluents on critical concentration for the disintegration of tablet formulations containing a physical binary mixture of a superdisintegrant (croscarmellose sodium, CS) and a diluent.Methods: The diluents used in this study were microcrystalline cellulose (MCC), dibasic calcium phosphate (DCP) and pregelatinized starch (PGS).Each diluent was divided into 2 different size ranges (small and large size)) and further mixed with 0 -100 % CS.The binary mixture was compressed at controlled pressure, and the disintegration time and physical characteristic of the tablets were evaluated. Results:The point of CS concentration that markedly affected the disintegration time of the tablets was recorded as the critical concentration for disintegration.The results showed that the particle size of the diluent did not affect the disintegration time.The critical CS concentrations were 2 % for DCP and MCC tablets and 5 % for PGS tablet.Adding a small amount of CS improved the disintegration of the tablets.However, increasing the amount of CS in the formulation also affected the hardness of the tablets.The particle size of diluents had a significant effect on the critical concentration for tablet disintegration.Conclusion: Determining the type and appropriate amounts of diluent and disintegrant (percolating component) may be useful in the design of tablet formulations.

Topic: Drug Solubulity and Delivery Systems
Subfield: Pharmaceutical Science
Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics
Domain: Life Sciences
non24-body-weight

Body weight evolution from 2018 up to 2021, using a RENPHO bluetooth connected bathroom scale through the FeelFit Android app.<br>Each CSV file contains the whole dataset up to the exported date as indicated in the filename, hence prefer using only the latest file only, the others can be discarded.

Topic: Diet and metabolism studies
Subfield: Physiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
[Calcified bladder lesions secondary to the instillation of mitomycin C].

We report on 10 cases of bladder wall calcification after mitomycin C instillation. The cystoscopic and microscopic features of these lesions are described. In our view, these lesions can be ascribed to the use of mitomycin C instillation therapy immediately after TUR. Because they are asymptomatic and occasionally present features of tumor recurrence, biopsy is advocated to determine the true nature of these lesions.

Topic: Urinary and Genital Oncology Studies
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
AI-Powered System for Optimizing Irrigation in Precision Agriculture

Pest and diseases affecting crops that are relatively irreparable, improper crop handling or management of some resources, and provision of sustainable standards are some of the major issues experienced by the key stakeholders in agriculture today.In this paper, an I-SIB-PA system is designed and developed that comprises such factors as weather, soil, and crop health.This puts forward an enhancement of the farming practices and crop yield by optimum utilization of the available and natural resources with an approach towards sustainable agriculture through AI.The outcomes are even grander, connecting increased crop productivity and resources usage efficiency; thereby, the benefits that artificial intelligence can bring to contemporaneity's farming have been quite vivid here.

Topic: Smart Agriculture and AI
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Antecedents of Firm’s Performance: A Conceptual Model

This paper has been remained as evidence from the creative industry of China where it builds a conceptual framework on antecedents of organizational performance. A systematic literature review was conducted to study the possible antecedents of the performance. It found a number of factors that affect the performance of the creative Chinese industry; the major focus was on absorptive capacity, entrepreneurial orientation and market orientation. The study provides a conceptual framework, to elaborate the combination with a significant effect on performance of the firms and it is a unique contribution to literature and practice.

Topic: Innovation and Knowledge Management
Subfield: Strategy and Management
Field: Business, Management and Accounting
Domain: Social Sciences
Performance related pay: hot air or industrial gas?

This paper considers the operation of performance related pay (PRP) within two UK divisions of an industrial gases company. The more successful of these PRP schemes&#13;\nwas introduced through partnership or ‘joint working’ between the trade union and management. However, even within this ‘forward thinking’ division, the reality of&#13;\nPRP fails to cohere with the rhetoric. This paper contends that the chasm owes to a combination of poor planning and informal local action. The methodology follows a critical case logic, with the inclusion of the exemplar division maximising the prospect that the reward system operates according to plan. From this division two lauded sub-units were selected - the best team from the south of England, and the corresponding highest performer in Scotland. Thus spatial diversity and the differential influence of local management can emerge. Data collection techniques&#13;\nincluded interviews with management, trade union leadership and employees, and open participant observation. Even in these recommended sites the original PRP rationale became muddied through myopic planning, self-serving action, and external forces. The scheme introduced under the banner of objectivity and openness was informally amended to allow subjectivity and stealth. In addition, front-line managers&#13;\nsought to reclaim local prerogative through the construction of discretionary bonuses. The shortcomings in the operation of PRP are however either obfuscated, or slow to emerge. Strong product markets shroud anomalies. Further, management has eschewed any rigorous evaluation of PRP. Much of the economic buoyancy has been attributed to the effective deployment of PRP. The data suggests that the role of PRP in the creation of value may be overstated.

Topic: Employment and Welfare Studies
Subfield: General Health Professions
Field: Health Professions
Domain: Health Sciences
Evidence for Paracrine Protective Role of Exogenous αA-Crystallin in Retinal Ganglion Cells.

Expression and secretion of neurotrophic factors have long been known as a key mechanism of neuroglial interaction in the central nervous system. In addition, several other intrinsic neuroprotective pathways have been described, including those involving small heat shock proteins such as α-crystallins. While initially considered as a purely intracellular mechanism, both αA-crystallins and αB-crystallins have been recently reported to be secreted by glial cells. While an anti-apoptotic effect of such secreted αA-crystallin has been suggested, its regulation and protective potential remain unclear. We recently identified residue threonine 148 (T148) and its phosphorylation as a critical regulator of αA-crystallin intrinsic neuroprotective function. In the current study, we explored how mutation of this residue affected αA-crystallin chaperone function, secretion, and paracrine protective function using primary glial and neuronal cells. After demonstrating the paracrine protective effect of αA-crystallins secreted by primary Müller glial cells (MGCs), we purified and characterized recombinant αA-crystallin proteins mutated on the T148 regulatory residue. Characterization of the biochemical properties of these mutants revealed an increased chaperone activity of the phosphomimetic T148D mutant. Consistent with this observation, we also show that exogeneous supplementation of the phosphomimetic T148D mutant protein protected primary retinal neurons from metabolic stress despite similar cellular uptake. In contrast, the nonphosphorylatable mutant was completely ineffective. Altogether, our study demonstrates the paracrine role of αA-crystallin in the central nervous system as well as the therapeutic potential of functionally enhanced αA-crystallin recombinant proteins to prevent metabolic-stress induced neurodegeneration.

Topic: Hermeneutics and Narrative Identity
Subfield: Philosophy
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Horror, Hysteria and Female Malaise: Antichrist

One of the key films to emerge in recent years about women's violence is Lars von Trier's controversial tale of marital discord, Antichrist (2009). Premiering at the 62nd Cannes International Film Festival, the film follows an unnamed couple, the Man (Willem Dafoe) and the Woman (Charlotte Gainsbourg), whose infant son, Nic, dies after falling from the high window of his nursery.1 The Woman is so overwhelmed with grief and guilt following the accident that she suffers a nervous breakdown and eventually attacks her husband. Underpinned by the story of a woman's destabilising emotional malaise, Antichrist recalls several horror films that link women's violence with madness and maternity, particularly The Brood (David Cronenberg, 1979), À l'intérieur (Alexandre Bustillo and Julien Maury, 2008), and more recent texts Proxy (Zack Parker, 2013) and The Babadook (Jennifer Kent, 2014).

Topic: Contemporary Literature and Criticism
Subfield: Literature and Literary Theory
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
CCDC 662494: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.

Topic: Crystallization and Solubility Studies
Subfield: Materials Chemistry
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Predicting ionospheric storm-time fof2 using Support Vector Machine

Using data from two ionosonde stations, Haikou and Chongqing, based on the knowledge gained from the variability of low latitude ionospheric storms, we have developed an empirical model using a new technique, Support Vector Machine, to predict the storm time F2 layer critical frequency, fof2. The model is driven by Dst, AE index and the historical data of fof2. Ionosonde data was sorted as a function of season, and the intensity of the storm, to obtain the corresponding dependencies. It indicated that the model described here can capture the low latitude storm time F2 layer variability at most times.

Topic: GNSS positioning and interference
Subfield: Aerospace Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Book reviews

Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology: A Clinical Manual is a pocket-sized book of 316 pages edited by three American radiologists with contributions from seven others. The stated aim of the authors is to provide a guide to the repertoire of the X-ray department, and how to get the best use from it, for medical students and newly qualified doctors.

Topic: Radiology practices and education
Subfield: Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
THE IMPACT OF DIGITIZATION ON ECONOMIC GROWTH AND HOW TO MEASURE IT

The development of artificial intelligence and robotics has far-reaching economic and socio-political consequences, and some of them have already manifested themselves. However, the implications of further progress in these areas are not well understood. What will be the impact on human society if artificial intelligence at some point even becomes superior in all relevant cognitive, physical, and perhaps even emotional capacities? How will productivity and income increase be boosted by artificial intelligence, robotics and related technologies, and what will be the relationship between labor and capital? The digitization of the economy is not a new phenomenon. However, even though it has been going on for several decades, today there is a consensus that it has reached a turning point. The symbiosis between big data and robotics announces a new economy and, therefore, new business rules. Studies have shown that an increase of 1% in the use of the Internet and mobile phones has led to an increase in economic growth by 0.12 percentage points. In the period 1993–2007. year, more frequent use of robots led to an increase in annual GDP growth and labor productivity by 0.37 and 0.36 percentage points, respectively. OECD estimates suggest that an increase in the share of digital technologies in the company's business processes by 10 percentage points, led to an increase in multifactor productivity by 1.4% after one year, or an increase in multifactor productivity of 3.9% after 3 years. Digital technologies have a strong impact on many areas of the economy. As we have seen the impact of digital technologies on labor productivity exists and tends to become even more significant. A very important factor that enables the positive externalities of digitization to be manifested in the right way is the need for the existence of infrastructure and financial inclusion that would enable the benefits of digitization to be manifested in the right way. We have seen that the analysis of OECD countries clearly shows a correlation between the implementation of digital technologies and productivity growth. This is especially clear when comparing digitally intensive branches with branches that are not primarily oriented towards digital technologies. Companies that have better access to key technical, managerial, and organizational skills have benefited more from digitization than other companies. These companies have already tended to be more productive than average companies, and digitization has contributed to increasing their advantage

Topic: Economic and Technological Innovation
Subfield: Economics and Econometrics
Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance
Domain: Social Sciences
Repair of damaged MCrAIY coatings targeting petroleum industry applications

The increase in efficiency of furnace and refinery components in petroleum industries has been the target of many studies. However, the repair technology for damaged pieces is still to be developed. During prolonged service, a degradation of developed coatings occurs as a result of the harsh environment. Therefore, a repair technology, which can extend the life of the coatings, is now under consideration. In this work, electrospark deposition (ESD) has been investigated to understand the solidification behavior and its possibility to repair damaged MCrAlY coatings. Ni-based alloys with different compositions were deposited on Ni substrate using ESD to understand crystal structure of the solidified deposit and the effect of the dissimilar weld composition on dilution. The electrode samples were prepared by spark plasma sintering (SPS). Firstly, different coatings with single and bi-phase microstructure were deposited on pure Ni substrate. Secondly, NiCoCrAlY and CoNiCrAlY were deposited on the damaged spot of the oxidized NiCoCrAlY and CoNiCrAlY respectively. A fine microstructure of metastable phases obtained from each deposit. Also, it was found that an epitaxial growth of NiCoCrAlY and CoNiCrAlY were obtained on the damaged spots. In addition, Î±-Al2O3 was obtained on the surface of the deposit after 24hr oxidation at 1000C.

Topic: Surface Treatment and Coatings
Subfield: Mechanical Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Do we miss half of the injuries sustained during rape because we cannot see them? An overview of the use of toluidine blue tissue stain in the medical assessment of rape cases

The prosecution of rape cases is difficult due to the absence of eyewitnesses. McCauley found that the detection of vaginal lacerations increased from one in 24 to 14 in 24 in reported adult rape cases when toluidine blue was used. Proof of injuries consistent with sexual penetration adds significantly to the evidentiary value of the medico-legal testimony. Although rape is not a clinical diagnosis and there are no diagnostic criteria to confirm rape, the possibility of genital injury during rape far exceeds the possibility of injury with consensual intercourse. If a complete examination, including the use of toluidine blue, is not used a rapist may walk away to rape again, while the victims remain with the stigma that they may have made a false allegation. Toluidine blue is a basic thiazine metachromatic dye. It has a high affinity for acidic tissue components, thereby staining tissues rich in DNA and RNA. The epithelium of the external genitalia does not have nucleated cells and prevents contact of stain with nuclei. Where the epithelium is damaged and the underlying nucleated cells are exposed, the nuclei stain blue. Injuries sustained during genital penetration show a distinctive distribution.Toluidine blue stain is easy and safe to use, available, inexpensive and does not interfere with other medico-legal evidence, therefore it is recommended to be used in the examination of all cases of alleged rape.

Topic: Sexual Assault and Victimization Studies
Subfield: Gender Studies
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Race/Ethnicity-Specific Disparities in Gallbladder Cancer Stage at Diagnosis and Its Impact on Receipt of Curative Therapies

Introduction: Gallbladder (GB) cancer is a rare malignancy in most countries. Overall survival has improved in all races/ethnicities except for Hispanics and Blacks. There are few publications outlining the race/ethnicity-specific disparities in stage of GB cancer at diagnosis, which reflect disparities in receiving potentially curative therapies. The aim of this study was to investigate race/ethnicity-specific disparities in GB cancer staging and types of treatment. Methods: Using the 2000-2013 Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results 18 registries in the United States. Race/ethnicity-specific cancer stage at diagnosis and treatment received among adults with GB cancer were evaluated. Differences in gallbladder cancer stage at presentation, gallbladder cancer treatment methods and number of lymph nodes (LN) examined among race/ethnicity groups were evaluated using multivariate logistic regression models adjusting to age, sex and year of diagnosis. Early stage of GB cancer was defined as patients with T1, T2 or T3 and M0 disease, which are amenable for curative surgery. Optimal LN clearance was defined as more than 4 LN examined. Results: A total of 7,507 patients with GV cancer were included in this study. There was no racial disparity in stage of disease at presentation. With regards to disparity in treatment, Blacks were significantly less likely to receive curative surgery compared to Whites in all patients with GB cancer (AOR 0.70, 95%CI 0.59-0.83; P<0.001) and early-stage GB cancer (AOR 0.65, 95%CI 0.53-0.79; P<0.001) (Table 1). Asians were significantly less likely to receive radiation compared to Whites (AOR 1.25, 95%CI 1.01-1.56; P=0.04) (Table 1). There was no racial disparity for treatment in advanced-stage GB cancer. In patients who underwent surgery, Hispanics were significantly less likely to have optimal LN clearance compared to Whites (AOR 0.59, 95%CI 0.47-0.74; P<0.001) (Table 2).Table: Table. Race/ethnicity-specific variations in gallbladder cancer treatment by stage at diagnosisTable: Table. Race/ethnicity-specific variation in number of lymph node examined in patients with gallbladder cancerConclusion: Among US adults with GB cancer, no racial disparity in stage of disease at presentation was noted. However, Blacks, Asians and Hispanics were less likely to receive curative surgery, radiation and optimal LN clearance, respectively.

Topic: Cholangiocarcinoma and Gallbladder Cancer Studies
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Agricultural Information Dissemination to Soybean Farmers in Niger State, Nigeria

This study investigated agricultural information dissemination to soybean farmers in Niger State, Nigeria. The objectives of the study were to: identify the types and the extent to which agricultural information is disseminated to soybean farmers in Niger state. It also aims to establish the relationship between dissemination of agricultural information and quality of life of farmers. Descriptive survey and multistage sampling technique was used for the study. In the first stage, purposive sampling technique was used to select three Local Government Areas under the Niger State Agricultural and Mechanization Development Authority (NAMDA). In the second stage, stratification of the three Local Government Areas into four extension blocks was carried out. In the third stage, a random selection of respondents from the four blocks in proportionate to size was done. Questionnaire was the instrument used for the collection of data. The data collected were tabulated and analyzed using frequency counts, percentages, mean and standard deviation. The findings revealed that some types of agricultural information were sufficiently disseminated while others need improvement in dissemination efforts. The study also showed that farmers commonly received information from interpersonal sources. Moreover, agricultural information dissemination was found to bear direct relationship with quality of life of soybean farmers (β=.660, R2 =.740, p&lt;.05). The study therefore recommended that agricultural information disseminators (particularly state agencies), should disseminate more information on post-harvest activities as this may translate into high income generation and consequently, improve the quality of life of soybean farmers.Keywords:, Agricultural Information, Agricultural Information dissemination, Quality of life, Soybean Farmers.

Topic: Agricultural Innovations and Practices
Subfield: General Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Probing quantum turbulence in $^4$He by quantum evaporation measurements

Theory of superfluid $^4$He shows that, due to strong correlations and backflow effects, the density profile of a vortex line has the character of a density modulation and it is not a simple rarefaction region as found in clouds of cold bosonic atoms. We find that the basic features of this density modulation are represented by a wave--packet of cylindrical symmetry in which rotons with positive group velocity have a dominant role: The vortex density modulation can be viewed as a cloud of virtual excitations, mainly rotons, sustained by the phase of the vortex wave function. This suggests that in a vortex reconnection some of these rotons become real so that a vortex tangle is predicted to be a source of non-thermal rotons. The presence of such vorticity induced rotons can be verified by measurements at low temperature of quantum evaporation of $^4$He atoms. We estimate the rate of evaporation and this turns out to be detectable by current instrumentation. Additional information on the microscopic processes in the decay of quantum turbulence will be obtained if quantum evaporation by high energy phonons should be detected.

Topic: Quantum, superfluid, helium dynamics
Subfield: Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Mounting Block

Mounting block outside the Little Angel Public House, Whitby (Yorkshire, UK). Mounting blocks were a common feature up until the late 18th century, allowing a horse to be mounted more easily. They were often located in main streets and outside public houses. The three stone steps are much worn. https://historicengland.org.uk/listing/the-list/list-entry/1148271 The model was made from 173 photographs. Source: Objaverse 1.0 / Sketchfab

Topic: Biomedical and Chemical Research
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences