jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Rescuing the Missing: A Study of Prospective Person Memory on Missing Persons

An average of 1,700 missing persons cases are filed everyday in the United States (Federal Bureau of Investigation, 2013). With such a large number of people placed in potential danger, their security is the utmost concern to families, communities, and consequently our society (Spilman, 2006). In response to people going missing, police departments often use news teams and photos to exhort the public to be on the lookout for these missing persons (Tarling &amp; Burrows, 2004). As a result, people practice what is called Prospective Person Memory. Prospective person memory is a cognitive process involving people correctly identifying a face they have been told to be on the lookout for (Lampinen, Arnal, &amp; Hicks, 2009a). Improving the public’s ability to identify missing people greatly improves the ability to locate missing persons (Lampinen, 2009a). In this experiment, participants viewed photos of a missing person they were informed to be on the lookout for, were exposed to the actual missing person shortly after, and tested on their ability to correctly identify and report the sighting. This experiment measured the effects of differing expectancy levels, number of pictures viewed, and appearance changes between photos to the actual person on prospective person memory. Results from this experiment showed that there was no statistical significance between conditions. The experiment, its implications, and limitations are discussed.

Topic: Cognitive Functions and Memory
Subfield: Experimental and Cognitive Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
[The clinical significance of autoantibodies against acetylcholine muscarinic 3 receptor in primary Sjögren's syndrome].

The positive rate of anti-M3 antibodies is higher in pSS than in SLE and normal controls and in some degree it has correlation with the lesion in salivary gland.

Topic: Salivary Gland Disorders and Functions
Subfield: Physiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Assessment of Noise Effects on Sensitive Animal Communities

There is a statutory requirement to protect certain animals and to assess the environmental effects of new developments on wildlife. However, there is no formal guidance on how such assessments should be undertaken. This research has developed an assessment process specific to animals, which enables informed judgement as to the likely short or long-term impacts. Published animal responses have been analysed to identify particular trends and response thresholds, and a standard procedure for assessing noise effects on animals has been developed. The procedure assigns significance criteria (no effect, slight, moderate and severe) that take account of the physiological and behavioural responses exhibited following exposure to noise. The significance rating determines whether mitigation is required. <br><br>Particular combinations of noise, animals and habitat that are especially sensitive to environmental noise are identified as off-road vehicles, helicopters, very quiet habitats, and animals having special hearing characteristics. <br><br>An assessment threshold is proposed based on key factors such as the noise level, source distance, and other site-specific circumstances. If L<sub>Amax</sub> noise levels are greater than 80 dB or the separation between the animals and the noise source is less than 1,000m, an assessment is recommended. For fish and marine mammals, if the Received Level (RL) is greater than 140 dB re: 1μPa rms an assessment is recommended. Slight responses may still arise below these thresholds but moderate or severe responses would not be expected. Circumstances most likely to affect animal responses are a rapid onset of noise, and the presence of helicopters, sonic booms, low flying aircraft, artillery/rockets, blasting/explosions, fireworks, motorboats or float planes. <br><br>The assessment methodology is tested on two animal species (black grouse and golden plover) using data from a planning application for military development, and retrospectively to mammals at a wildlife park where low-flying jets had caused moderate/severe responses.

Topic: Marine animal studies overview
Subfield: Ecology
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Morphological characteristic of <i>Nepenthes gymnamphora’s</i> pitcher in Pasir Cadas Panjang Mountain Ciwidey West Java

Limited information exists on the variation and function of pitcher morphological diversity in Nepenthes spp., necessitating further research. Based on a previous study in Mount Pasir Cadas Panjang Ciwidey that identified N. gymnamphora , this research aims to characterize pitcher morphology in Mount Pasir Cadas Panjang Ciwidey. The method used purposive sampling from six locations of N. gymnamphora , pitchers were categorized into upper and lower types based on size. The study revealed distinct differences in shape between upper and lower pitchers. The upper type exhibited a jug-like enlargement at the bottom, narrowing towards the top and enlarging again at the peristome. In contrast, the lower type featured a uniformly enlarged diameter from the bottom to the peristome. Both types shared similar components, differing mainly in wing characteristics the upper type having unhaired and unembossed wings, while the lower type had embossed and haired wings. Pitcher colors included green, patterned, and reddish, with higher elevations correlating with a greater likelihood of reddish or patterned pitchers. This research provides comprehensive data on the morphological and anatomical variations of N. gymnamphora , offering valuable insights for future studies.

Topic: Plant and Biological Electrophysiology Studies
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Probability Density Function of the Output Current of Cascaded Multiplexer/Demultiplexers in Transparent Optical Networks

The influence of the concatenation of arbitrary optical multiplexers/demultiplexers (MUX/DEMUXs) on the probability density function (PDF) of the output current of a transparent optical network is assessed. All PDF results obtained analytically are compared with estimates from Monte Carlo simulation and an excellent agreement is achieved. The non-Gaussian behavior of the PDFs, previously reported by other authors for square-law detectors, is significantly enhanced with the number of nodes increase due to the noise accumulation along the cascade of MUX/DEMUXs. The increase of the MUX/DEMUXs bandwidth and detuning also enhances the PDFs non-Gaussian behavior. The PDF shape variation with the detuning depends strongly on the number of nodes. Explanations for the Gaussian approximation (GA) accuracy on the assessment of the performance of a concatenation of optical MUX/DEMUXs are also provided. For infinite extinction ratio and tuned MUX/DEMUXs, the GA error probabilities are, in general, pessimistic, due to the inaccurate estimation of the error probability for both bits. For low extinction ratio, the GA is very accurate due to a balance between the error probabilities estimated for the bits “1” and “0.” With the detuning increase, the GA estimates can become optimistic.

Topic: Photonic and Optical Devices
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Gaps in Serologic Immunity against Contemporary Swine-Origin Influenza A Viruses among Healthy Individuals in the United States

Influenza A Viruses (IAV) in domestic swine (IAV-S) are associated with sporadic zoonotic transmission at the human–animal interface. Previous pandemic IAVs originated from animals, which emphasizes the importance of characterizing human immunity against the increasingly diverse IAV-S. We analyzed serum samples from healthy human donors (n = 153) using hemagglutination-inhibition (HAI) assay to assess existing serologic protection against a panel of contemporary IAV-S isolated from swine in the United States (n = 11). Age-specific seroprotection rates (SPR), which are the proportion of individuals with HAI ≥ 1:40, corresponded with lower or moderate pandemic risk classifications for the multiple IAV-S examined (one H1-δ1, one H1-δ2, three H3-IVA, one H3-IVB, one H3-IVF). Individuals born between 2004 and 2013 had SPRs of 0% for the five classified H3 subtype IAV-S, indicating youth may be particularly predisposed to infection with these viruses. Expansion of existing immunologic gaps over time could increase likelihood of future IAV-S spillover to humans and facilitate subsequent sustained human-to-human transmission resulting in disease outbreaks with pandemic potential.

Topic: Influenza Virus Research Studies
Subfield: Epidemiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
The Significance of Peripheral Vision in the Perception of Movement

Certain significant differences have been shown to occur in the character of the optokinetic response of a subject gazing actively and passively at a moving striped drum which suggest that different nervous mechanisms subserve each. Image motion across the retina appears to be the stimulus inducing the passive variety and is moreover largely responsible for the illusory sensations of self rotation. This same mechanism may be invoked by way of explanation of the phenomenon of reversed optokinetic nystagmus. The occurrence of this phenomenon in patients with non congenital as well as congenital nystagmus lends support to this explanation. Eye movements induced in the normal eye of subjects with unilateral ophthalmoplegia following stimulation of the paretic eye provide additional support for the contention that peripheral vision contributes to the control of normal ocular movements.

Topic: Vestibular and auditory disorders
Subfield: Neurology
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences
Circadian Activity Rhythms in Squirrel Monkeys: Entrainment by Temperature Cycles 1

Eight squirrel monkeys (six male, two female), kept singly in wire-mesh cages, were housed in groups of three in a climatic chamber. Locomotor activity was recorded by means of photocell systems or mobile climbing trees. For time spans of several weeks, the animals were alternately exposed to each of three different conditions: (1) constant conditions at various levels of light intensity and ambient temperature; (2) a 24-hr light-dark (LD) cycle at constant tempera ture ; (3) a 24-hr cycle of low (about 17°C) and high (32°C) temperature in constant illumination (LL). In constant conditions, the free-running activity rhythms always had periods longer than 24 hr, without systematic dependencies on ambient temperature, but with a tendency to lengthen the period when the intensity of illumination was increased. All animals were entrained by a weak LD zeitgeber (10:1 lux). Exposure to cycling ambient temperature resulted in entrainment in about 45% of all tests. Usually, the entrained animals were active during the cold fraction of the cycle, but some records suggested entrainment in a warm-active mode. In addition, temperature changes exerted strong masking effects, mainly with increases of activity during the warm fraction of the cycle.

Topic: Neurobiology and Insect Physiology Research
Subfield: Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences
A Comparative Review Concerning the Concepts of Social Justice in Islam and other Religions

This paper intends to understand the fundamental concepts of social justice in major world religions and thought and their harshness or tenderness as well as steadiness and balance. Some literal and technical discussions regarding justice are the part of paper to know fundamental concepts. Employing comparative method, we came to know the mutual relation of different thought and religion in this regard how they are different and same or otherwise. This study concluded that Islamic concept of social justice is exactly close to the human nature. It is neither based on harshness nor too much loose to allow sin and crime spreading disorder in social life. Other than Islam, religions have the parameters of social justice based upon severity excessively or totally lenient that may cause to break social rhythm. Hence, saturating the needs of social justice humanity have to incline towards Islamic values and norm concerning subject matter and solving this dilemma in current situation around the globe. Islamic concept of social justice incorporates multiple dimensions providing guidance and instructions from basic to intellectual level, form individual to society and international community.

Topic: Education and Islamic Studies
Subfield: Education
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Human-AI Symbiotic Theory (HAIST): Development, Multi-Framework Assessment, and AI-Assisted Validation in Academic Research

This study introduces the Human-AI Symbiotic Theory (HAIST), designed to guide authentic collaboration between human researchers and artificial intelligence in academic contexts, while pioneering a novel AI-assisted approach to theory validation that transforms educational research methodology. Addressing critical gaps in educational theory and advancing validation practices, this research employed a sequential three-phase mixed-methods approach: (1) systematic theoretical synthesis integrating five paradigmatic perspectives across learning theory, cognition, information processing, ethics, and AI domains; (2) development of an innovative validation framework combining three established theory-building approaches with groundbreaking AI-assisted content assessment protocols; and (3) comprehensive theory validation through both traditional multi-framework evaluation and novel AI-based content analysis demonstrating unprecedented convergent validity. This research contributes both a theoretically grounded framework for human-AI research collaboration and a transformative methodological innovation demonstrating how AI tools can systematically augment traditional expert-driven theory validation. HAIST provides the first comprehensive theoretical foundation designed explicitly for human-AI partnerships in scholarly research with applicability across disciplines, while the AI-assisted validation methodology offers a scalable, reliable model for theory development. Future research directions include empirical testing of HAIST principles in live research settings and broader application of the AI-assisted validation methodology to accelerate theory development across educational research and related disciplines.

Topic: Mental Health Research Topics
Subfield: Experimental and Cognitive Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Duobrachium Ford &amp; Bezio &amp; Collin 2020, gen. nov

Genus Duobrachium gen. nov. <b>Diagnosis.</b> Tentaculate cydippid ctenophores with two thick, aboral, conical tentacle arms. Tentacle arms emerge from the center of the body and extend aborally. Body rectangular in the tentacular plane, oblong in the stomodeal plane. The tentacle arms are as long as the body is tall. Tentacles retractile, with simple tentilla of uniform length. Filaments can exit orally, anchoring it to the sediment. Stomodeum darkly pigmented. Gonads globular, not extending the length of the meridional canals. <b>Type species.</b> <i>Duobrachium sparksae</i> n. sp., described herein. <b>Etymology.</b> From the Latin “two-arms”, a name reflecting the two prominent arms. The Latin “brachium” is of common gender, but shall be treated as feminine, in accordance with ICZN article 30.1.4.2.

Topic: Marine Invertebrate Physiology and Ecology
Subfield: Paleontology
Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences
Domain: Physical Sciences
Phenological of Cutleaf Groundcherry (Physalis angulata L.) Based on BBCH Scale

Cutleaf groundcherry (Physalis angulata L.) is a plant that belongs to the Solanaceae family. In Indonesia, this plant grows spread in various regions and has different names in each region. However, this plant is rarely cultivated and is generally considered a weed by farmers. Recently many studies have shown that cutleaf groundcherry contains many substances that are beneficial for the health sector, so it has the potential to be developed as a cultivation plant for exotic fruit sources that function as nutraceuticals. Plant breeding programs can be a solution in responding to these problems. As the first step in developing cutleaf groundcherry through a breeding program, the Plant Breeding Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Brawijaya University, collected accessions of cutleaf groundcherry from various regions in Indonesia. The phonological stage of its growth is one piece of information that is useful in better understanding the cutleaf groundcherry life cycle and, as a result, simplifying cutleaf groundcherry cultivation management. This research aims to provide practical knowledge on the cutleaf groundcherry life cycle to develop a more efficient plant management approach for cultivation, including plant breeding initiatives. The BBCH scale was used to make observations (Biologische Bundesanstalt, Bundessortenamt und CHemische Industrie). The descriptive statistics obtained from observations and presented in descriptive narrative form using the BBCH scale with 3-digit coding numbers and documentation images were used in the data analysis. The results showed that the BBCH scale was used to define and describe cutleaf groundcherry phenology, which included germination (stage 0), leaf development (stage 1), side shoot formation (stage 2), the emergence of inflorescence (stage 5), flowering (stage 6), fruit development (stage 7), fruit and seed ripening (stage 8) and senescence (stage 9)

Topic: Plant tissue culture and regeneration
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
CCDC 2247155: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.

Topic: Crystallization and Solubility Studies
Subfield: Materials Chemistry
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
OPINIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS OF INDIAN DIETITIANS REGARDING BOVINE MILK

In the recent past, the possible role of milk in disease pathology has been debated in the scientic community. Dietitians play an important role in healthcare as diet is important for promotion of health; and prevention and management of noncommunicable diseases. Therefore, this study was undertaken to understand dietitians' perspectives on dairy and milk. Fifty-one female dietitians were interviewed to understand their opinions and recommendations about milk. Their opinions on milk alternatives, the causative role of milk in diseases and the A1/A2 milk debate were also sought. Almost all the dietitians (96.1%) stated that milk is good for health and is a good source of calcium and protein. Most dietitians advocated the inclusion of milk for all age groups. However, about one-tenth of dietitians were concerned that milk may be a causative factor for ASD (9.8%) and T1DM (13.6%). Milk was associated with an increased risk of PCOS (52.9%), gastric discomfort (94.1%), and IBS (90.2%). Approximately two-thirds of dietitians (60.8%) recommended plant-based milk alternatives. Further research with a larger number of dietitians is required to determine dietitians' viewpoints about dairy at a national level and to know their practices and knowledge about milk.

Topic: Animal Disease Management and Epidemiology
Subfield: Agronomy and Crop Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Short-film adaptations of Munro's stories in the 1980s. A multimodal stylistic analysis

This paper presents and deconstructs the four clichés regarding the inferiority of adaptations to adapted texts identified by Linda Hutcheon (2013), by examining screen adaptations of Alice Munro's short stories. It focuses on three short Canadian films released in the 1980s: Boys and Girls (1983), Thanks for the Ride (1983) and Connection (1986). The theory derives from Hutcheon's reconceptualization of adaptation(s), while the methodology relies on multimodal stylistic analysis. The inspection of the adaptation process reveals lines of narrative continuity and discontinuity that show the distinct narrative potential of audio-visual artefacts. Contrary to what is commonly thought and expressed by the clichés, the three Canadian films manage to negotiate intimacy and distance through point of view; to express interiority; to shape nonlinear, fractured and layered temporality; to give form to metaphors and other figures. In Thanks for the Ride, the representation and negotiation of intimacy and distance in point of view are central and fluid, functional to the intersectional discussion about gender and social class. Interiority is expressed in Boys and Girls through close-ups and eye-angles, with particular attention to the filmic representation of the female protagonist Margaret. Connection deploys and intertwines two diegetic and temporal plans, and the resurfacing past profoundly affects the present time. Ultimately, all three films convincingly depict a mirror scene, a semiotically layered and complex trope, which represents Munro's concern with introspection.

Topic: Short Stories in Global Literature
Subfield: Literature and Literary Theory
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Within Group "Structural" Tests of Labor-Market Discrimination: A Study of Persons with Serious Disabilities

Labor-market discrimination measures are usually derived from between-group comparisons of market outcomes for favored vs. disfavored groups, controlling for productivity-related individual characteristics. When the disfavored group is heterogeneous, one can relate variations in discrimination intensity to market outcomes within the disfavored group. We use this approach to test for employment and wage discrimination against persons with various types of disabilities. Measures of social distance' controls for the intensity of discrimination. In a national sample of adults with serious disabilities, employment discrimination effects are in the wrong' direction, however, and wage effects are unstable. Thus, variability in labor market outcomes among different types of disabilities is not explained well by variations in discrimination intensity correlated with social distance and employer attitudes. We conjecture that differences in available support services by type of disability may help to explain this variability.

Topic: Retirement, Disability, and Employment
Subfield: Demography
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences