jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Improved chemotactic ability of neonatal polymorphonuclear cells induced by mild membrane rigidification

Abstract Membrane lipid fluidity of peripheral blood polymorphonuclear cells (PMNs) of 24 newborn infants, 2–4 days after birth, was determined by steady-state fluorescence polarization with 1,6-diphenyl 1,3,5-hexatriene (DPH) as a probe and compared with that of PMNs from 23 adults. Measurements with intact cells, which correspond to all cellular lipid domains, did not display any statistically significant difference between PMNs of the two groups. However, application of bixinoyl glucosamine, a membrane-impermeable fluorescence quencher, revealed that the PMN plasma membrane of the newborn is about 23% more fluid than that of the adult. Total cholesterol-to-phospholipid ratio of newborn PMNs was found to be lower by about 10% than that of the adult, which could account for the difference in their plasma membrane fluidity. The possible implication of this finding for the deficit in chemotactic ability of leukocytes from newborns was tested with neonatal PMNs that have incorporated cholesteryl hemisuccinate (CHS), an efficient plasma membrane rigidifier. In all neonatal PMNs tested a mild incorporation of CHS (0.5–1 min incubation in 50 μg/ml dispersion) caused a significant improvement in their net chemotaxis, from an average value of 28 ± 7 to 43 ± 11. Longer incubations with CHS caused a gradual decrease in chemotactic ability that approached the basal level after about 5 min incubation. The net chemotaxis in adult PMNs was significantly higher than that of neonatal PMNs (72 ± 13) and was gradually inhibited by incorporation of CHS without any initial augmentation. Based on these results it was estimated that about 27% of the chemotactic deficit of neonatal PMNs is mediated by their immature fluid membrane.

Topic: Lipid Membrane Structure and Behavior
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Temporal Aquaporin 11 Expression and Localization during Preimplantation Embryo Development

Environmental conditions during early mammalian embryo development are critical and some adaptational phenomena are observed. However, the mechanisms underlying them remain largely masked. Previously, we reported that AQP5 expression is modified by the environmental condition without losing the developmental potency. In this study, AQP11 was examined instead. To compare expression pattern between in vivo and in vitro, we conducted quantitative RT-PCR and analyzed localization of the AQP11 by whole mount immunofluorescence. When the fertilized embryos were developed in the maternal tracts, the level of Aqp11 transcripts was decreased dramatically until 2-cell stage. Its level increased after 2-cell stage and peaked at 4-cell stage, but decreased again dramatically until morula stage. Its transcript level increased again at blastocyst stage. In contrast, the levels of Aqp11 transcript in embryos cultured in vitro were as follows. The patterns of expression were similar but the overall levels were low compared with those of embryos grown in the maternal tracts. AQP11 proteins were localized in submembrane cytoplasm of embryos collected from maternal reproductive tracts. The immune-reactive signals were detected in both trophectoderm and inner cell mass. However, its localization was altered in in vitro culture condition. It was localized mainly in the plasma membrane of the blastocysts contacting with external environment. The present study suggests that early stage embryo can develop successfully by themselves adapting to their environmental condition through modulation of the expression level and localization of specific genes like AQP11.

Topic: Renal and related cancers
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
SOLID STATE POWER CONTROLLERS PROVIDE IMPROVED PERFORMANCE FOR POWER DISTRIBUTION

&lt;title&gt;ABSTRACT&lt;/title&gt; &lt;p&gt;The design of power distribution systems for modern tanks and fighting vehicles involves a number of challenges, including demands for increasing amounts of electrical power. In response to these needs, Solid State Power Controllers (SSPCs) provide a number of advantages over electromechanical circuit breakers and relays. These include increased reliability, higher volume and weight power densities, lower power dissipation, reduced EMI emissions, very rapid short circuit protection, and precise I&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;t overload protection. The latter protects wiring, loads and the SSPCs themselves against overheating, while reliably avoiding “nuisance trips” when switching into capacitive or incandescent lamp loads. Further, SSPCs provide capabilities in the area of real time feedback, enabling system-level diagnostics and prognostics, and predictive, condition-based maintenance, thereby providing increased availability and continued mission readiness.&lt;/p&gt;

Topic: Advanced Battery Technologies Research
Subfield: Automotive Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Purposes, Activities, and Documentation of Early Field Experience in Agricultural Teacher Education: A National Delphi Study

The purpose of this Delphi study was to identify the purpose, expected outcomes, and methods of documenting preservice teacher early field experience (EFE) activities in agricultural teacher education programs. A Delphi technique was used to electronically collect data via email and SurveyMonkey®. An expert panel was established and after three rounds of questioning, the panel identified 16 purpose statements, 14 activities and 9 methods of documenting EFE. The findings of this study, as established by a panel of experts who reached consensus, indicated that EFE should be documented via a combination of journaling and portfolio development. The verification of these documents should be completed by the cooperating teacher and through university assessments. Documentation of an EFE experience can be accomplished through journaling, cooperating teacher signature, reflective paper or a review of collective documents. The results of this study can be used to modify and improve EFE by clarifying the purpose, activities and ways of documented activities in agricultural teacher education programs. This study will aid the profession in providing a more congruent EFE experience for preservice teachers.

Topic: Diverse Educational Innovations Studies
Subfield: General Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Achievement of lower secondary school students in population and environmental education

The Ministry of Education and Sports of His Majestys Government of Nepal places high importance on the need for imparting environmental education to all school children. This publication describes a three-year pilot study undertaken to compare the level of knowledge that students have before and after taking a course in population and environmental concerns. It is hoped that the positive results of this study will promote future endeavours in this area

Topic: Environmental Education and Sustainability
Subfield: Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Eukaryotic Heat Shock Locus V (HslV) Structural and Biochemical Analyses of the Protein Structure and Folding:

10.1074/jbc.M113.484832Access the most updated version of this article at doi:.JBC Affinity SitesFind articles, minireviews, Reflections and Classics on similar topics on the Alerts: When a correction for this article is posted• When this article is cited• to choose from all of JBC&amp;apos;s e-mail alertsClick here

Topic: Heat shock proteins research
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Nursing Program Application to Post-stroke Patients with Diabetes Mellitus

Objective: To investigate the rehabilitation training and nursing strategy in post stroke patients with diabetes mellitus. Methods: Rehabilitation and nursing programs were designed on the basis of inducement of diabetes and characters of rehabilitation training for 25 patients who suffered from stroke with diabetes mellitus and undertook periodic follow up. Results: After rehabilitation training and nursing in these 25 patients, the motor function and ADL index were improved significantly as compared with controls ( P 0.01). Conclusion: The patients with stroke companied by diabetes mellitus could undertake rehabilitation training under monitoring without diabetes outbreak. Adopting scientific rehabilitation and nursing measures, the motor function and ADL could be increased markedly.

Topic: Neurological Disease Mechanisms and Treatments
Subfield: Neurology
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences
Growth Hormonal Activity of Thyrotropic Pituitary Tumors

Dependent TtT grown in athyroid mice have elevated serum StH (growth hormone) levels with variable, usually slight, biologic StH activity. When these tumors become autonomous, their StH activity increases while their thyrotropic activity decreases. This is demonstrable by biologic changes in the tumor hosts, by IHCS and by RIA of sera for StH and TtH. These changes are best related to neoplastic transformation of TtT cells that seems to be associated with derepression of the genetic code of normal thyrotropic cells.

Topic: Growth Hormone and Insulin-like Growth Factors
Subfield: Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Perceptions of Directly Targeting SEL Learning Skills in Public Education

Social and emotional learning (SEL) has garnered increasing attention across education over the last decade.The continual decline in the mental health of students in PK-12 education, in light of the widespread impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, has forced school districts nationwide to re-examine their reliance on student performance data as measured by high-stakes standardized tests.This is particularly true for students in underserved populations who were among the greatest impacted.Many schools in districts across the nation have begun to examine SEL and its impact on student performance.Despite numerous studies highlighting the benefits of SEL programming, school administrators and teachers still struggle with implementing the practices in their classrooms and campuses.This research sought to identify current perceptions of SEL held by public school practitioners.Practitioner understanding of SEL was based on a ranking of key SEL skills needed for student success.Perceptions regarding potential barriers and with whom the responsibility for directly targeting SEL skills lies were also examined.A non-experimental survey design was utilized to compare data between two groups of public education practitioners: teachers and administrative staff.Overall, it was determined that educators, for the most part, agree on what SEL skills make a student successful; however, reported barriers to implementation and designation of the individual responsible for directly teaching SEL skills differed between the two groups.

Topic: Early Childhood Education and Development
Subfield: Education
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Involvement of the Akt/NF-kB Pathways in the HTNV- Mediated Increase of IL-6, CCL5, ICAM-1, and VCAM-1 in

Background: Hantaan virus (HTNV) infection causes a severe form of HFRS(hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome)in Asia. Although HTNV has been isolated for nearly forty years, the pathogenesis of HFRS is still unknown, and little is known regarding the signaling pathway that is activated by the virus. Methodology/Principal Findings: Cardamonin was selected as a NF-kB inhibitor, and indirect immunofluorescence assays were used to detect the effect of cardamonin on HTNV-infected HUVECs. The effect of cardamonin on the HTNV-induced phosphorylation of Akt and DNA-binding activity of NF-kB were determined using Western blot analysis and electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSAs), respectively. Then, flow cytometric and quantitative real-time PCR analyses were performed to quantify the expression levels of the adhesion molecules ICAM-1 and VCAM-1, and the concentrations of IL-6, IL-8, and CCL5 in HUVEC supernatants were examined using ELISA. The results showed that cardamonin did not effect the proliferation of HUVECs or the replication of HTNV in HUVECs. Instead, cardamonin inhibited the phosphorylation of Akt and nuclear transduction of NF-kB and further reduced the expression of the adhesion molecules ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 in HTNV-infected HUVECs. Cardamonin also inhibited the secretion of IL-6 and CCL5, but not IL-8. Conclusion/Significance: HTNV replication may not be dependent upon the ability of the virus to activate NF-kB in HUVECs. The Akt/NF-kB pathways may be involved in the pathogenesis of HFRS; therefore, cardamonin may serve as a potential

Topic: Viral Infections and Vectors
Subfield: Infectious Diseases
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Chemical Composition of 116 Gulf Coast Lignite Samples: ABSTRACT

Proximate and ultimate analyses, heat content, and forms of sulfur have been determined for 116 Gulf Coast lignite samples. In addition, the chemical composition of 10 oxides and 29 trace elements has been determined. The lignite samples are from strata assigned to the Wilcox Group and were collected from localities in Texas, Arkansas, Mississippi, and Alabama; the Claiborne Group in Arkansas and Tennessee; the Jackson Group in Arkansas; and the Midway Group in Alabama. The ranges of the geometric means for elements Ga, Hg, Mo, Sc, U, V, and Y show small variation between sample localities; Co, Cr, La, Mn, Se, Zn, and Zr show larger variations. The average ash content for the lignite samples is 20.3%. The arithmetic means of proximate and ultimate analyses show that moisture, oxygen, and sulfur contents are higher on the eastern side of the Mississippi embayment, and that volatile matter, fixed carbon, and BTUs are higher on the western side. The trace-element content of the lignite samples in the vicinity of the igneous intrusives of Magnet Cove, Arkansas, show a systematic decrease in concentrations of 13 elements, both areally and stratigraphically away from the intrusives. This strongly suggests a source relationship of the elements to the Magnet Cove area. End_of_Article - Last_Page 527------------

Topic: Coal and Its By-products
Subfield: Geochemistry and Petrology
Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences
Domain: Physical Sciences
Pharmacy Ethics

Journal Article Pharmacy Ethics Get access Pharmacy Ethics Edited by Mickey Smith, Steven Strauss, Baldwinet H. John et al. Published by Pharmaceutical Products Press, 10 Alice Street, Binghamton, NY 13904-1580, 1991. xv + 355 p. Price $59.95, hardbound; $27.95, softbound. Charles D. Peterson, Pharm.D. Charles D. Peterson, Pharm.D. FASHP, College of Pharmacy, North Dakota State University, State University Station, Box 5055, Fargo, NO 58205-5055 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar American Journal of Hospital Pharmacy, Volume 49, Issue 3, 1 March 1992, Pages 718–728, https://doi.org/10.1093/ajhp/49.3.718 Published: 01 March 1992

Topic: Pharmaceutical Practices and Patient Outcomes
Subfield: Geriatrics and Gerontology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Female Sexual Function During the COVID-19 Pandemic in the United States

Abstract Introduction International studies have demonstrated increasing rates of sexual dysfunction amidst the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic; however, the impact of the pandemic on female sexual function in the United States is unknown. Aim To assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on female sexual function and frequency in the United States. Methods A pre-pandemic survey containing the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) and demographic questions was completed by adult women in the United States from October 20, 2019 and March 1, 2020. The same women were sent a follow-up survey also containing the FSFI, as well as the Patient Health Questionnaire for Depression and Anxiety with 4 items (PHQ-4), and questions pertaining to mask wearing habits, job loss, and relationship changes. Risk for female sexual dysfunction (RFSD) was defined as FSFI &amp;lt; 26.55. Main Outcome Measure Differences in pre-pandemic and intra-pandemic female sexual function, measured by the FSFI, and sexual frequency. Results Ninety-one women were included in this study. Overall FSFI significantly decreased during the pandemic (27.2 vs 28.8, P = .002), with domain-specific decreases in arousal (4.41 vs 4.86, P = .0002), lubrication (4.90 vs 5.22, P = .004), and satisfaction (4.40 vs 4.70, P = .04). There was no change in sexual frequency. Contingency table analysis of RFSD prior to and during the pandemic revealed significantly increased RFSD during the pandemic (P = .002). Women who developed RFSD during the pandemic had higher PHQ-4 anxiety subscale scores (3.74 vs 2.53, P = .01) and depression subscale scores (2.74 vs 1.43, P = .001) than those who did not. Development of FSD was not associated with age, home region, relationship status, mask wearing habits, knowing someone who tested positive for COVID-19, relationship change, or job loss and/or reduction during the pandemic. Conclusion In this population of female cannabis users, risk for sexual dysfunction increased amidst the COVID-19 pandemic and is associated with depression and anxiety symptoms. Bhambhvani HP, Chen T, Wilson-King AM, et al. Female Sexual Function During the COVID-19 Pandemic in the United States. Sex Med 2021;9:100355.

Topic: Sexual function and dysfunction studies
Subfield: Psychiatry and Mental health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Stretch-induced network reconfiguration of collagen fibres in the human facet capsular ligament

Biomaterials can display complex spatial patterns of cellular responses to external forces. Revealing and predicting the role of these patterns in material failure require an understanding of the statistical dependencies between spatially distributed changes in a cell's local biomechanical environment, including altered collagen fibre kinematics in the extracellular matrix. Here, we develop and apply a novel extension of network science methods to investigate how excessive tensile stretch of the human cervical facet capsular ligament (FCL), a common source of chronic neck pain, affects the local reorganization of collagen fibres. We define collagen alignment networks based on similarity in fibre alignment angles measured by quantitative polarized light imaging. We quantify the reorganization of these networks following macroscopic loading by describing the dynamic reconfiguration of network communities, regions of the material that display similar fibre alignment angles. Alterations in community structure occur smoothly over time, indicating coordinated adaptation of fibres to loading. Moreover, flexibility, a measure of network reconfiguration, tracks the loss of FCL's mechanical integrity at the onset of anomalous realignment (AR) and regions of AR display altered community structure. These findings use novel network-based techniques to explain abnormal collagen fibre reorganization, a dynamic and coordinated multivariate process underlying tissue failure.

Topic: Winter Sports Injuries and Performance
Subfield: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Biochemical recurrence rates are similar for pT2-positive surgical margins and pT3a

Positive surgical margin and the global Gleason score are significant risk factors for biochemical recurrence post-radical prostatectomy, regardless of the extent of the surgical margin, the extent of the extraprostatic extension, or the local Gleason score of the positive surgical margin or extraprostatic tissue. pT2R1 disease behaves as pT3R0 and should be treated similarly.

Topic: Radiomics and Machine Learning in Medical Imaging
Subfield: Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Omani-Saudi-Emirati tensions may rise in the Gulf

Significance Former territorial tensions between Muscat and its Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) neighbours have receded in recent decades, allowing smoother cross-border links. However, the boycott of Qatar, escalating tensions over Iran and developments in Yemen’s border province of Mahra are now straining Oman’s relations with both Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates (UAE). Impacts The gap between Saudi Arabia and the UAE and the rest of the GCC could widen, contributing to the regional body’s potential demise. Oman’s role as a mediator in regional disputes -- for example, Yemen -- may be undermined by rising tensions. Unlike in the case of Qatar, new quarrels within the GCC are likely to be kept relatively quiet by the respective leaderships.

Topic: Middle East and Rwanda Conflicts
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Three-dimensional Structure Design of Self-motion Extension Antiriot Shield Based on SolidWorks

Abstract. The antiriot shield is a type of individual protective equipment that was widely used in the process of dealing with the large-scale antiriots and unrests by the Armed Police Force. It has so many features that convenient for carrying and could effectively protect security for our majority officers and soldiers. However, the traditional riot shield has problem of smaller protection area. The paper is just aimed at solving this problem by using the three-dimensional mechanical designing software SolidWorks, having designed a new kind of automatically expanded riot shield which can be employed during in an emergency situation; the changes of this riot shield’s protection area could be realized by operators for controlling the automatically extended devices which were designed on the shield, this will effectively address the shortcomings that smaller protection area of the present shield, and it will provide a strong security for the majority of the Armed Police officers and soldiers in dealing with the large-scale mass incidents.

Topic: Plant Reproductive Biology
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Utilization of the label from bacterial [3H] DNA by isolated barley roots and embryos under different conditions

[3H] DNA fromEscherichia coli and [3H] thymidine were applied, in sterile conditions, on isolated barley embryos and on roots excised from these embryos, both cultivated in the liquid medium and on halves of barley seeds, through the endosperm bridge. In embryos and roots, the labelled compounds were applied in 1.5% sucrose + 0.2 SSC alone, or together with either unlabelled thymidine or DEAE-dextran. Similar labelling indices were found after [3H] thymidine and [3H] DNA treatment which shows that the activity of [3H] DNA is utilized during the S phase. After application of [3H] thymidine, only cell nuclei in S phase were labelled. After the application of [3H] DNA an extranuclear label, in addition to the labelling of nuclei in the S phase, was observed in some experimental variants. The density of label above labelled nuclei after [3H] DNA treatment sharply decreased when unlabelled thymidine or DEAE-dextran was added, while the density of label above nuclei labelled by [3H] thymidine decreased when unlabelled thymidine but not DEAE-dextran was added. The labelling of nuclei with the label from [3H] DNA is the result of degradation of exogenous DNA reutilization of low molecular weight products. Extranuclear labelling is most probably due to the polymerous or partly degraded DNA.

Topic: Plant tissue culture and regeneration
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences