jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Data from Synergistic Interaction between the HDAC Inhibitor, MPT0E028, and Sorafenib in Liver Cancer Cells &lt;i&gt;In Vitro&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;In Vivo&lt;/i&gt;

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Purpose:&lt;/b&gt; To investigate the antitumor activities of a histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor, MPT0E028, plus sorafenib in liver cancer cells &lt;i&gt;in vitro&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;in vivo&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Experimental Design:&lt;/b&gt; Different liver cancer cell lines were exposed to sorafenib in the presence or absence of MPT0E028, and cell viability was determined by MTT assay. Effects of combined treatment on cell cycle and intracellular signaling pathways were assessed by flow cytometry and Western blot analysis. The Hep3B xenograft model was used to examine the antitumor activity &lt;i&gt;in vivo&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; Our data indicate that sorafenib and MPT0E028 synergistically reduced cell viability in liver cancer cells, and also markedly induced apoptotic cell death in these cells, as evidenced by the cleavage of caspase-3, PARP, and DNA fragmentation. MPT0E028 altered the global modifications of histone and nonhistone proteins regardless of the presence of sorafenib. However, sorafenib blocked MPT0E028-induced Erk activation and its downstream signaling cascades, such as Stat3 phosphorylation (Ser&lt;sup&gt;727&lt;/sup&gt;) and Mcl-1 upregulation. Ectopic expression of constitutively active Mek successively reversed the apoptosis triggered by the combined treatment. Pharmacologic inhibition of Mek by PD98059 potentiated MPT0E028-induced apoptosis, suggesting that the synergistic interaction between MPT0E028 and sorafenib occurs at least partly through inhibition of Erk signaling. The data demonstrated that transcriptional activation of fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (FGFR3) contributes to MPT0E028-mediated Erk phosphorylation. Finally, MPT0E028 plus sorafenib significantly improved the tumor growth delay (TGD) in a Hep3B xenograft model.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/b&gt; These findings suggest that MPT0E028 in combination with sorafenib has significant anti-hepatocellular carcinoma activity in preclinical models, potentially suggesting a novel therapeutic strategy for patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma. &lt;i&gt;Clin Cancer Res; 20(5); 1274–87. ©2014 AACR&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

Topic: Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors Research
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
A novel voltage tuneable infrared spectrometer-detector

A novel voltage tuneable spectrometer-detector has been demonstrated whose principles are associated with the electric subbands existent at the interface between silicon and silicon dioxide. The photoresistive response of n-channel MOSFET structures to radiation resonant with energy levels in the inversion layer has been characterized and compared with existent theory. Operating at 4.2 K, typical devices have continuous tuneability from 8 MeV (∼150 µm) to 30 MeV (∼40 µm), a bandwidth of approximately 1 MeV, a response time of 2.5 × 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-4</sup> s, and a noise equivalent power (NEP) of approximately 2.5 × 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-10</sup> W/(Hz) <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1/2</sup> limited by the available amplifiers.

Topic: Photonic and Optical Devices
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Smoking Cessation in Hospitalized Patients

A multicomponent smoking cessation program consisting of physician advice; in-hospital, nurse-mediated counseling; and multiple postdischarge telephone contacts was effective in increasing smoking cessation rates among hospitalized smokers. Hospital-wide smoking cessation programs could substantially increase the effectiveness of hospital smoking bans.

Topic: Smoking Behavior and Cessation
Subfield: Physiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Reciprocity, Individuals and Community

The contribution of Husserl’s phenomenology to the foundations of social and political theory can be appraised at both the methodological and the normative level. First, it makes intersubjective interaction central to the constitution of social reality. Second, it stresses reciprocity as a constitutive feature of intersubjectivity. In this context, individuals can be seen to be both ‘constituting’ and ‘constituted by’ their participation in communities, under a constraint of mutual recognition as intentional agents. This view is in no way atomistic, as it allows individual identities to be constituted intersubjectively; still, it remains individualistic, since it does not permit the ontological independence of collective entities. At the epistemological level, this provides a foundation of methodological individualism; at the normative level, it suggests that social order is a deliberative task and political legitimacy ultimately rests on moral principles of reciprocity and equal respect.

Topic: Critical Theory and Philosophy
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
A biodegradable expansion plug for the fixation of fractures of the medial malleolus.

In a prospective study, 26 patients with a displaced fracture of the medial malleolus were treated by open reduction and internal fixation using an absorbable self-reinforced poly-L-lactide expansion plug. Twenty-one patients could be followed regularly for at least six months. The follow-up time ranged from six to 18 months. No redisplacements occurred, and the consolidation of the fractures was uneventful. There were no signs of inflammatory foreign-body reactions. This preliminary study showed the potential of the self-reinforced polylactide expansion plug in the internal fixation of cancellous bone fractures. Further clinical applications are being planned.

Topic: Orthopedic Surgery and Rehabilitation
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Metal-free α-arylation of α-fluoro-α-nitroacetamides employing diaryliodonium salts

A mild and efficient metal-free arylation of α-fluoro-α-nitroacetamides employing diaryliodonium salts has been developed.

Topic: Fluorine in Organic Chemistry
Subfield: Pharmaceutical Science
Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics
Domain: Life Sciences
Fine-grain access control for distributed shared memory

This paper discusses implementations of fine-grain memory access control, which selectively restricts reads and writes to cache-block-sized memory regions. Fine-grain access control forms the basis of efficient cache-coherent shared memory. This paper focuses on low-cost implementations that require little or no additional hardware. These techniques permit efficient implementation of shared memory on a wide range of parallel systems, thereby providing shared-memory codes with a portability previously limited to message passing.

Topic: Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques
Subfield: Hardware and Architecture
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Plasma lipids and prothrombin time in rats fed palm oil and other commonly used fats in Egypt

Sprague-Dawley rats were fed for a total period of 8 weeks on six diets that were different in the source of their fat content. The fat content was provided either, palm oil or palm olein or corn oil or hydrogenated fat, or frying palm oil and mixture of corn oil + hydrogenated fat in the ratio (1:1). The latter was given to the control group. Animals fed these various experimental diets showed statistically significant differences in serum cholesterol and serum triglycerides content among all group. Increased HDL-cholesterol content was evident in animals fed on palm-olein and palm oil. The frying oil fed group showed lowest HDL-cholesterol content. In these experiments palm olein fed animals showed highest ratio of HDL-cholesterol to total cholesterol while the lowest ratio was shown in rats fed on frying oil. Prothrombin (PT) and activated partial thromboplastin time (PTT) showed higher values In palm oil, palm olein and corn oil diets as compared to all groups with each other.

Topic: Fatty Acid Research and Health
Subfield: Nutrition and Dietetics
Field: Nursing
Domain: Health Sciences
Occurrence Download

A dataset containing 250641 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query: { "and" : [ "Geometry POLYGON((-73.78604 3.40082,-73.10019 2.64744,-70.97406 3.87994,-67.81915 4.97401,-65.69302 7.08825,-62.94963 7.1563,-62.46954 8.51516,-62.94963 9.93677,-69.05368 10.47677,-70.01387 10.00432,-69.46519 8.71859,-71.59132 7.70038,-73.99179 4.22201,-73.78604 3.40082))", "HasGeospatialIssue is false", "OccurrenceStatus is Present", "TaxonKey is Mammalia" ] } The dataset includes 250641 records from 180 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0000833-240229165702484/datasets/export for details. Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.

Topic: Innovative Approaches in Technology and Social Development
Subfield: Management of Technology and Innovation
Field: Business, Management and Accounting
Domain: Social Sciences
VITAMIN PRODUCTION AND UTILIZATION BY PHYTOPLANKTON IN MIXED CULTURE<sup>1</sup>

SUMMARY The production and utilization of vitamins by 2 or more, marine phytoplankters cultured in the same vessel were demonstrated. The release of toxic materials or vitamin inactivators wax also observed. The utilization of vitamins by those phytoplankters requiring them and the production of toxic materials were determined from increases and decreases in cell numbers of certain algae grown in mixed cultures. Vitamin utilization was most readily observed in mixed cultures where 2 phytoplankters were present. Dunaliella tertiolecta and Skeletonema costatum produced utilizable thiamine for Coccolithus huxleyi. C. huxleyi released utilizable vitamin B 12 for Cyclotella nana. D. tertiolecta, Phaeodactylum tricornutum , and S. costatum produced utilizable biotin for Amphidinium carterae. The amount of utilizable vitamin and rate at which it was released depended on the phytoplankters present and conditions of incubation. In complex systems with more than 2 phytoplankters, beneficial effects to utilizers were often noted for short durations during the incubation period. At the end of the experiments the beneficial effects were usually not evident. P. tricornutum (nonvitamin requirer) was stimulated by a mixture of carryover B 12 and thiamine when growing with A. carterae , indicating that in vitamin‐free media it cannot synthesize vitamin(s) fast enough to allow for a maximum growth rate. The concentrations of vitamins in seawater samples may not be the amounts available to vitamin‐requiring organisms. Among the factors affecting vitamin availability are the production of inhibitors and vitamin inactivators by various organisms in the ecosystem.

Topic: Algal biology and biofuel production
Subfield: Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment
Field: Energy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Francis as a Patriarchal Figure: Unpacking Power Dynamics in Buchi Emecheta’s “Second Class Citizen”

In many African societies, women face discrimination, power disparities, and significant barriers because of patriarchal systems. These circumstances restrict their agency, hinder their progress, and perpetuate gender inequalities. Thus, this study explores the role of Francis as a patriarchal figure in Buchi Emecheta’s novel, Second Class Citizen, and examines the impact of his actions on the protagonist, Adah. The study aims to deepen understanding of gender inequality and the oppressive nature of patriarchal systems by analysing Francis’s behaviour and attitudes. Findings highlight Francis as a symbol of patriarchal power, limiting Adah’s autonomy and perpetuating gender inequalities through dismissive behaviour, double standards, and reinforcement of gender stereotypes. The study identifies implications for Adah’s aspirations, self-identity, emotional well-being, and opportunities, emphasizing the far-reaching effects of Francis’s patriarchal influence. The study further highlights the implications of these findings. Overall, this analysis sheds light on the pervasive influence of patriarchy offering insights into the discrimination and power imbalances faced by African women in traditional and immigrant societies.

Topic: Poverty, Education, and Child Welfare
Subfield: Safety Research
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Relationship between platinum wire temperature and catalytic heat release rate on platinum in unsteady‐state hydrogen–air mixture

Abstract The authors have proposed a hydrogen concentration probe using a catalytic reaction on the surface of a platinum wire. To use this probe for detecting the concentration change in a supersonic mixing layer, the response of the catalytic heat release rate must depend only on the change of concentration around the probe. The catalytic heat release rate on the surface of the platinum wire in an unsteady state was measured by a constant‐temperature hot‐wire anemometer and a shock tube to investigate the relationship between the response of the catalytic heat release rate and the temperature of the platinum wire. The catalytic heat release rate began increasing upon the introduction of the shock wave. The rate of increase of catalytic heat release depended on the temperature of the platinum wire when the temperature of the hot wire was low. However, the dependence was very weak when the temperature of the hot wire was above 400°C. This shows that it is not the catalytic reaction but rather molecular transfer from the flow to the surface of the platinum wire is the controlling step when the temperature of the platinum wire is high. In conclusion, the temperature of the platinum wire must be above 400°C to use the hydrogen concentration probe in a supersonic mixing layer. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heat Trans Asian Res, 33(1): 1–11, 2004; Published online in Wiley InterScience ( www.interscience.wiley.com ). DOI 10.1002/htj.10129

Topic: Gas Dynamics and Kinetic Theory
Subfield: Applied Mathematics
Field: Mathematics
Domain: Physical Sciences
Insights into the physiomodulatory role of histaminergic receptors in vertebrate skin pigmentation

All organisms, from simple invertebrates to complex human beings, exist in different colors and patterns, which arise from unique distribution of pigments throughout the body. Being the largest organ of the body, skin is always under the influence of internal and external factors that often react to certain intrinsic agents in an unorthodox manner, modifying the integral pigmentation patterns and resulting into complex physiological aberrancies. One of these intrinsic agents involved in numerous immunological and non-immunological processes within the body is histamine. Histamine mediates its multifarious biological activities stimulated by various immunological and non-immunological stimuli via differential expression of its four classes of receptors (H1, H2, H3, and H4) on effector cells. Interestingly, recent studies have described the expression of functional histamine receptors in vertebrate pigment cells melanocytes, emphasizing the potential physiomodulatory effects of this molecule in the phenomenon of skin pigmentation. This noteworthy finding has opened numerous perspectives to elucidate several contentions regarding skin-related conditions. The focus of this review is to provide an updated overview of the involvement and role of histamine and its receptors together with the physiological and pharmacological aspects of their agonists and antagonists impinging the phenomenon of pigmentation and the mechanisms by which they do so.

Topic: Mast cells and histamine
Subfield: Immunology
Field: Immunology and Microbiology
Domain: Life Sciences
Angular responsivity of ground and space-based direct solar irradiance radiometers

Abstract The angular response setup of PMOD/WRC was modified to facilitate measurements of the narrow field of view of radiometers for direct solar irradiance. First, The pointing of the JTSIM-DARA radiometer was measured four times during its construction in the optic laboratory of PMOD/WRC. The final offset of the pointing before shipping relative to the optical axis, defined by a removable alignment cube, is 1.07° / 0.67° ( β / γ -axis) for the four-quadrant sensor and 0.095°/-0.017° for the radiometer cavity A. Next to JTSIM-DARA the DARA for the occulter of the satellite Proba-3 was characterised at PMOD/WRC. First tests of the pointing have been carried out and the final pointing characterization will be carried out in summer 2021. Finally, the angular response setup was also used the angular responsivity of solar direct irradiance filter radiometers. The first test was carried out using Precision Filter Radiometer (PFR) F-064.

Topic: Geophysics and Gravity Measurements
Subfield: Oceanography
Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences
Domain: Physical Sciences
The Value of Positron Emission Tomography Scan in Staging of Lymphoma in a Sample of Iraqi Patients

Abstract Background: A diverse range of illnesses known as lymphomas are caused by immune system constituent cells or their progenitors. 18 F-Fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (PET)/computerized tomography has been routine practice to improve the characterization and prognosis of both Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHLs). Objectives: The objective of the study was to assess the role of positron emission tomography (PET) scan in clinical evaluation of lymphoma and its ability to identify the correct stage of lymphoma. Patients and Methods: cross-sectional follow-up study was conducted on 50 patients with pathologically proven lymphoma in 2021 who were admitted to the hospital. All patients included in the study performed computed tomography (CT) and PET scan for initial staging. Results: In NHL, PET scan staging differed significantly from clinical in two stages; there were 7 patients versus none with Stage II according to clinical and PET scan staging, respectively. Furthermore, only five patients had Stage IV according to clinical staging versus 17 patients in PET scan staging. Accordingly, there was no agreement between the two modalities (κ = 0.085, 95% = 0.045–0.123, P = 0.394). In Hodgkin lymphoma (HL), the two modalities differ significantly in the appraisal of Stage IV, in which there were 2 patients based on clinical staging and 11 patients according to PET scan staging. Thus, there was a poor agreement between the two modalities (κ = 0.314, 95% confidence interval = 0.283–0.376, P = 0.002). PET scan upstaged 50% and 61.54% of the patients with HL and NHL, respectively, with a highly significant difference, whereas there was no change in staging for 50% and 34.62%, respectively, with a highly significant difference. In NHL, PET scan demonstrated higher positive bone marrow (BM) involvement than biopsy (34.62% vs. 19.23%) with a highly significant difference. Similarly, in HL, PET scan revealed far more positive BM involvement than biopsy (45.83% vs. 8.33%) with a highly significant difference. Conclusions: There is poor or no agreement between PET scan and clinical staging of lymphoma, with high detection with PET scan for BM involvement compared with CT scan, which leads to the identification of additional involved sites of patients with lymphoma.

Topic: Lymphoma Diagnosis and Treatment
Subfield: Pathology and Forensic Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Producing but Not Consuming? Food Provisioning in Remote, Rural Areas of the <scp>UK</scp><sup>☆</sup>

Abstract This is one of the first studies of food provisioning in remote rural areas of Scotland and England, providing evidence of precarity in food access at the same time as agricultural products are exported from the region to the global food system. We interviewed residents of four remote and rural areas of the UK about their food shopping habits and their purchase of local foods. Using theoretical resources from social science literature on food shopping, alternative food networks, and resilience to identify the influence of daily routine on rural food shopping practices, the importance of local retailers, the limited availability of locally produced foods, and the distinct nature of remote and rural households' food and shopping practices. Our findings illustrate the greater fragility of these rural food systems, the challenges faced by residents of these communities who can be unusually dependent on long and sometimes unreliable supermarket supply chains for the bulk of their food purchases, and the ‘buffering’ practices that they adopt to guard against possible food shortages. We argue that these practices can be considered as a form of care for both individuals and communities, but that, on their own, they cannot fully address this fragility. Initiatives to support shorter supply chains could improve the resilience of rural food systems but would require investment in infrastructure such as abattoirs, market spaces, and polytunnels in order to increase production, meet existing demand for locally produced food, and keep that food within these areas for local consumers.

Topic: Organic Food and Agriculture
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Split NMSSM from dimensional reduction of a $10D$, $\mathcal{N}=1$, $E_8$ theory over a modified flag manifold

We review the Standard Model extension that results from the dimensional reduction of a $10D$, $\mathcal{N}=1$, $E_8$ gauge theory over the $M_4 \times SU(3)/U(1) \times U(1) \times \mathbf{Z}_3 $ space, which leads to a $4D$, $\mathcal{N}=1$, $SU(3)^3\times U(1)^2$ theory. Below the unification scale we obtain a Split NMSSM effective theory. The third generation quark and light Higgs masses are within the experimental limits at 2-loop level and the neutralino LSP mass is predicted $&lt;800$ GeV.

Topic: Particle physics theoretical and experimental studies
Subfield: Nuclear and High Energy Physics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Valsartan and the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system: Blood pressure control and beyond

Summary Patients treated for hypertension are still at significantly elevated risk for cardiovascular complications when compared with normotensive patients, even when on antihypertensive therapy. In all fairness though, a majority of these patients have uncontrolled blood pressure. Blocking the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) prevents or reverses cardiac remodelling and improves prognosis in cardiovascular disease beyond the effects on blood pressure (BP). Valsartan acts by selectively blocking the AT 1 -receptor and shows similar efficacy and improved tolerability compared with ACE inhibitors. This drug may provide additional benefits in controlling the cardiovascular complications of hypertension. Results of large clinical trials with valsartan, such as VALUE, Val-HEFT, VALIANT and ABCD-2V, are eagerly awaited.

Topic: Blood Pressure and Hypertension Studies
Subfield: Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Regional differences in adipocyte metabolism and possible consequences in vivo.

Recent studies have shown that adipose tissue metabolism varies in different regions. Thus, hormonal responsiveness and sensitivity to both lipolytic and anti-lipolytic agent is increased in abdominal as compared to femoral cells. Abdominal obesity is also associated with greater aberrations in metabolism than peripheral obesity. The increased lipolytic response in abdominal fat cells may lead to higher FFA concentrations, which may attenuate both glucose uptake and insulin clearance by the liver.

Topic: Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
Subfield: Physiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences