jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
A new genus Zenobiellina for Helix subrufescens Miller, 1822 (Hygromiidae), with description of a new congeneric species from northern Spain

The generic name <em>Zenobiella </em>Gude &amp; Woodward, 1921, is in current use only for <em>Helix subrufescens </em>Miller, 1822. However, it ought to be regarded instead as a synonym of <em>Monacha </em>Fitzinger, 1833. The new genus <em>Zenobiellina </em>is therefore proposed to provide an appropriate name. Following I.C.Z.N. Art. 23.9, <em>Zenobia </em>J.E. Gray, 1821 is declared a “nomen oblitum” and <em>Monacha </em>Fitzinger, 1833 a “nomen protectum” so that the prevailing usage in favour of the latter junior name will be maintained. A hitherto unknown land-snail species of the family Hygromiidae collected from two localities on low ground in the northern Picos de Europa (Spain) is named as <em>Zenobiellina graminicola </em>sp. nov. It resembles <em>Z. subrufescens </em>in genital anatomy, but differs clearly in shell characters, with one additional whorl, narrower body-whorl and larger umbilicus. It may also differ in showing a clear preference for grassland habitats, whereas <em>Z. subrufescens </em>more often occurs in woodland. Since both species apparently occur in N. Spain, the range of <em>Z. subrufescens </em>needs to be reassessed.

Topic: Invertebrate Taxonomy and Ecology
Subfield: Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Expression profiles of heat shock protein 70 and high‐mobility groups box‐1 protein in gnotobiotic brine shrimp challenged with different virulence levels of isogenic <i>Vibrio harveyi</i> strains

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. The original contributions presented in the study are included in the article, further inquiries can be directed to the corresponding author.

Topic: Vibrio bacteria research studies
Subfield: Endocrinology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
#tableforone: exploring representations of dining out alone on Instagram

In contemporary western society connections with others have become more fluid. This fluidity, in turn, impacts how people think about, understand, and engage in leisure. For instance, more people are choosing to partake in leisure practices that have traditionally been done in the company of others, alone. Yet people who choose to engage in solo leisure may face stigmatization for doing so. With these ideas in mind, the purpose of this paper is to examine representations of dining out alone on Instagram associated with #tableforone. Our findings illustrate how people use #tableforone to represent the importance of valuing alone time and treating oneself. Our findings also demonstrate the ways #tableforone can be used to confront the stigma tied to engaging in public leisure practices alone.

Topic: Sharing Economy and Platforms
Subfield: Marketing
Field: Business, Management and Accounting
Domain: Social Sciences
Hierarchical generation of dynamic and nondeterministic quests in games

Quests are a fundamental storytelling mechanism used by computer role-playing games to engage players in the game's narrative. Although role-playing games have evolved in many different ways in the last years, their basic narrative structure is still based on static plots manually created by game designers. In this paper, we present a method for the generation of dynamic quests based on hierarchical task decomposition and planning under non-determinism. The proposed approach combines planning, execution, and monitoring to efficiently handle nondeterministic events and support quests with multiple endings that affect the game's narrative and create interactive and dynamic story plots. These plots are directly or indirectly affected by player's actions and decisions. Furthermore, this paper presents the concept of hierarchical quests.

Topic: Artificial Intelligence in Games
Subfield: Artificial Intelligence
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Performance of Melia composita Willd. Seedling in Root Trainers under Two Different Growing Conditions

Melia composita Willd. syn M. dubia Cav. commonly known as Bakayan is a fast growing tree occurring in tropical forests and commercially valued for its multifarious uses. Present investigation was conducted to assess the performance of Melia composita Willd. seedling in two growing environments viz. nursery under tree shade and agro net shade house. Five different types of containers viz., root trainers of size 150 carrying capacity (cc), 200cc, 250 cc, 300cc and poly bags (17x13cm) were used to grow seedlings in comparison to bed grown seedlings. The seedling growth parameters such as, plant height, collar diameter, root length, total fresh/dry weight and root: shoot ratio was recorded for each treatment. Presently, significant interaction among container type, size and growing environment has been observed. Plants attained maximum height, collar diameter, root length, fresh and dry biomass and dry root/shoot ratio under agro net house environment. Total plant biomass was recorded maximum in bed nursery but the root: shoot ratio and sturdiness quotient were least. Root: shoot ratio on dry weight basis and sturdiness quotient was recorded maximum in 300cc root trainer.

Topic: Plant tissue culture and regeneration
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
The influence of juggling on mental rotation performance in children

The influence of juggling on mental rotation performance in children Study aim: To assess the influence of juggling training on mental rotation performance in children. Material and methods: Two groups of girls aged 6 - 14 years were studied: experimental (EG; n = 26) and control (CG; n = 24). All girls solved a mental rotation task with 3-D block figures on computer screen (pre-test). After the initial test, EG girls participated in juggling training for 3 months; the CG girls participated in light strength training with theraband stretch bands. After 3 months, all girls solved the mental rotation task again (post-test). The post-pre differences in the mental rotation performance were recorded. Results: Children who learned juggling performed the mental rotation task significantly (p&lt;0.05 - 0.01) faster, in terms of reaction time, at non-zero angular disparity than their mates who were strength-trained. Conclusions: Since mental rotation skills enhance spatial imagination, problem solving and mathematical skills, it may be assumed that juggling training enhances also other cognitive domains and is worth implementing in the education process.

Topic: Spatial Cognition and Navigation
Subfield: Automotive Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Hyperbolic Shear Polaritons in Low-Symmetry Crystals - Experimental Data

Data for Nature <strong>602</strong>, pages 595–600 (2022), https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-021-04328-y preprint: https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-558805/v1 Contents: isotfrequency_surfaces.nb: Mathematica scripts generating Fig. 1c,d<br> raw_data.zip: contains all experimental raw data, lab book entries, and raw data preprocessing scripts.<br> SiO2_data.zip: experimental data analysis and simulations leading to Fig. 2b,c <br> bGO_data.zip: experimental data analysis and simulations leading to Fig. 2d,e<br> bGO_inplane_data.zip: experimental data analysis and simulations for inplane dispersion, Fig. 2f-j Please note that parts of the analysis code use the transfer matrix code developed in the Paarmann group (https://pc.fhi-berlin.mpg.de/latdyn/), see: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3648040. The code is included again here. However, the dielectric tensor of Gallium Oxide was not part of the previous code and only implemented here. Please contact Alex Paarmann (alexander.paarmann@fhi-berlin.mpg.de) if you have any questions.

Topic: Strong Light-Matter Interactions
Subfield: Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Is There Variation in Crossover Interference Levels Among Chromosomes From Human Males?

Abstract We demonstrate that recent data from human males are consistent with constant interference levels among chromosomes under the two-pathway model, whereas inappropriately fitting shape parameters of Gamma distributions to immunofluorescent interfoci distances observed on finite chromosomes generates false interpretations of higher levels of interference on shorter chromosomes. We provide appropriate statistical methodology.

Topic: Genomics and Chromatin Dynamics
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Aeolian sedimentation in the Rhine and Main area from the Late Glacial until the Mid-Holocene: New evidence from the Magdalenien site of Götzenhain (Hesse, Germany)

Abstract. Äolische Sedimente (sandiger Löss, Flugsand) wurden durch pedologische und geochronologische Methoden (OSL) mit dem Ziel untersucht, hieraus Aussagen zur stratigraphischen Abfolge und zum Ablagerungsalter zu gewinnen und diese Ergebnisse auf die Ergebnisse der archäologischen Ausgrabung zu beziehen. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die Ablagerung des Lösses im Spätglazial auf einer älteren Lage von Windkantern erfolgte und dieser am Ende des Pleistozäns von äolischem Sand überdeckt wurde. Untersuchungen der fundführenden Schichten ergaben eine mittelholozäne Datierung (6.9 ka), die mit einer lokalen Störung durch äolische Sedimentumlagerungen in Folge anthropogener Landschaftsveränderungen während des Neolithikums erklärt werden. Diese Untersuchungsergebnisse werden vor dem Hintergrund vergleichbarer äolischer Stratigraphien und Fundplätz im Rhein-Main-Gebiet diskutiert.

Topic: Geology and Paleoclimatology Research
Subfield: Atmospheric Science
Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences
Domain: Physical Sciences
Nieważność miejscowego planu zagospodarowania przestrzennego

The article is devoted to the issue of the grounds for challenging a local spatial development plan. The case law of administrative courts indicates that there may be many of these grounds, but the most important are a violation of the planning procedure, placing the complainant in a worse position than the owners of other properties covered by the plan, limiting rights to land contrary to the principle of proportionality, or inconsistency of the provisions of the local plan with the provisions of the general plan. However, a common feature of all the grounds is a conﬂict with the law, i.e. the local plan’s non-compliance with the law. This means that this conﬂict must be clear in its content, and directly contravene the provision of law. A contradiction of the resolution on the adoption of the local plan due to a violation of generally applicable legal acts constitutes a basis for declaring the local plan invalid. However, the Spatial Planning and Development Act does not specify what violations should be considered signiﬁcant, therefore the assessment of the gravity of the violation is left to the practice and experience of supervisory authorities and administrative courts. In particular, signiﬁcant violations include not only exceeding the principles of drawing up a local plan but also exceeding the planning authority of the commune. The latter occurs when the plan introduces property restrictions that are inconsistent with the constitutional principle of equality or the principle of proportionality, and which differentiate the legal position of their owners in relation to neighbouring lands covered by the local plan. The occurrence of at least one of the premises causing a violation of the requirements for the adoption of a local plan will result in its invalidity.

Topic: Local Governance and Planning
Subfield: Geography, Planning and Development
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Life Cycle Characterization of Sulfolobus Monocaudavirus 1, an Extremophilic Spindle-Shaped Virus with Extracellular Tail Development

ABSTRACT We provide here, for the first time, insights into the initial infection stages of a large spindle-shaped archaeal virus and explore the following life cycle events. Our observations suggest that Sulfolobus monocaudavirus 1 (SMV1) exhibits a high adsorption rate and that virions adsorb to the host cells via three distinct attachment modes: nosecone association, body association, and body/tail association. In the body/tail association mode, the entire virion, including the tail(s), aligns to the host cell surface and the main body is greatly flattened, suggesting a possible fusion entry mechanism. Upon infection, the intracellular replication cycle lasts about 8 h, at which point the virions are released as spindle-shaped tailless particles. Replication of the virus retarded host growth but did not cause lysis of the host cells. Once released from the host and at temperatures resembling that of its natural habitat, SMV1 starts developing one or two tails. This exceptional property of undergoing a major morphological development outside, and independently of, the host cell has been reported only once before for the related Acidianus two-tailed virus. Here, we show that SMV1 can develop tails of more than 900 nm in length, more than quadrupling the total virion length. IMPORTANCE Very little is known about the initial life cycle stages of viruses infecting hosts of the third domain of life, Archaea . This work describes the first example of an archaeal virus employing three distinct association modes. The virus under study, Sulfolobus monocaudavirus 1, is a representative of the large spindle-shaped viruses that are frequently found in acidic hot springs. The results described here will add valuable knowledge about Archaea , the least studied domain in the virology field.

Topic: Bacteriophages and microbial interactions
Subfield: Ecology
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Continental Scale Mapping of Tidal Flats across East Asia Using the Landsat Archive

Tidal flats provide habitat for biodiversity, protection from storm surges and sea level rise, and a range of other ecosystem services. However, no simple method exists for mapping tidal flats over large (&gt;1,000 km) extents, and consequently their global status and distribution remain poorly understood. Existing mapping methods are restricted to small areas with known tidal regimes because tidal flats are only fully exposed for a brief period around low tide. Here we present a method for mapping tidal flats over very large areas and demonstrate its utility by mapping the tidal flats of China, the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea and the Republic of Korea. We (i) generated tide height predictions at the acquisition time of all Landsat Archive images of our study area using a validated regional tide model, (ii) selected suitable images acquired in the upper and lower 10% of the tidal range, (iii) converted high and low tide images to a land and water class image derived from the Normalized Differenced Water Index (NDWI) and, (iv) subtracted the high tide classified image from the low tide classified image, resulting in delineation of the tidal flat. Using this method, we mapped the tidal flats for 86.8% of the study area coastline (13,800 km). A confusion matrix for error assessment indicated an accuracy of &gt;85% for the resulting tidal flat map. Our method enables coastal morphology to be mapped and monitored at continental scales, providing critical data to inform coastal adaptation measures for sea level rise, for monitoring coastal habitat loss and for developing ecosystem-based coastal conservation measures.

Topic: Coastal wetland ecosystem dynamics
Subfield: Ecology
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
FUNDAMENTAL FORCES AFFECTING U.S. FRESH PRODUCE GROWERS AND MARKETERS

The U.S. fresh fruit and vegetable—produce—industry is very diverse, including over 300 products, each with its own structure at the production and first-handler marketing levels. Despite this diversity, virtually all fresh produce shares two fundamental attributes: perishability and seasonality. The high level of risk observed in the fresh produce sector arises from the combination of product perishability and weather variability. Weather factors can always undo the best-laid plans by unexpectedly shifting short-run supply or demand. Perishability limits storability and the ability of firms to adjust to short-run disequilibria in supply and demand, other than through price, making markets volatile.

Topic: Business Strategies and Innovation
Subfield: Strategy and Management
Field: Business, Management and Accounting
Domain: Social Sciences
Marketing of agricultural and horticultural products : selected examples, apples, barley, summerfruit, wool

This report provides insights into selected primary industries in New Zealand. The primary industries covered are apple, barley, summerfruit, and wool. Production, marketing, and organisation are examined, along with quality control and market trends.

Topic: Nutrition and Health Studies
Subfield: Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Low Crude Protein Diet Affects the Intestinal Microbiome and Metabolome Differently in Barrows and Gilts

Abstract Background Low protein diets are commonly used in the growing-finishing pig stage of swine production; however, the effects of low dietary protein on the intestinal microbiota and their metabolites, and their association with pig sex, remain unclear. The present study aimed to assess the impact of a low crude protein (CP) diet on the gut microbiome and metabolome, and to reveal any relationship with sex. Results Barrows and gilts (both n= 24; initial body = 68.33 ± 0.881 kg) were allocated into two treatments according to sex. The four groups comprised two pairs of gilts and barrows fed with a high protein diet (HPD, CP 17% at stage Ⅰ; CP 13% at stage Ⅱ) and a low protein diet (LPD, CP 15% at stage Ⅰ; CP 11% at stage Ⅱ), respectively, for 51 d. Eight pigs in each group were slaughtered and their colon contents were collected. Intestinal microbiota and their metabolites were assessed using 16S rRNA sequencing and tandem mass spectrometry, respectively. The LPD increased intestinal microbiota species and richness indices significantly in both sexes compared with the HPD. The Sample Shannon index was significantly different between barrows and gilts. At the phylum level, the LPD increased the relative abundance of Actinobacteria significantly. The influence of dietary protein levels on Proteobacteria and Synergistetes were associated significantly with sex. At the genus level, Clostridiales, Neisseria, and Prevotellaceae were affected significantly by dietary protein levels. In the latter two genera, the effects were significantly different between barrows and gilts. Metabolomic profiling indicated that dietary protein levels mainly affected intestinal metabolites in gilts rather than barrows. A total of 434 differently expressed metabolites were identified in gilts fed the two protein diets. Correlation analysis identified that six differentially abundant microbiota communities were closely associated with twelve metabolites that were enriched for amino acids, inflammation, immune, and disease-related metabolic pathways. Conclusions These results suggested that decreasing dietary protein contents benefitted the intestinal microbiota in growing-finishing pigs, which selectively affected the microbiota and metabolite profiles in gilts.

Topic: Gut microbiota and health
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
The international postpartum depression: action towards causes and treatment (PACT) consortium

The International Postpartum depression: Action towards Causes and Treatment (PACT) Consortium was founded with the overarching goal of creating an international perinatal psychiatry consortium to conduct novel investigations with large sample sizes to understand the genetic signature of perinatal mood disorders. PACT uses a collaborative and team science approach that includes investigators across 19 institutions and seven continents. The large sample sizes allow for statistically rigorous analyses to investigate perinatal psychiatric disorders, with an initial focus on postpartum depression (PPD). Our current aims are to identify clinical sub-types of PPD that contribute diagnostic heterogeneity, and to elucidate the genetic basis of PPD by conducting the first large genome-wide association study of PPD. To accomplish the latter aim, we are partnering with the Major Depressive Disorder Working Group of the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium. To date, our consortium members have recruited 17,912 participants and 11,344 participants have been identified using the PPD ACT mobile app, of which 8,432 are PPD cases. Ultimately, we hope this approach will improve detection, diagnosis, and treatment of women who suffer from perinatal psychiatric disorders.

Topic: Maternal Mental Health During Pregnancy and Postpartum
Subfield: Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Safety training to reduce wood dust : a work method

Air contaminants remain a problem in SMEs (Karlsson et al., 2006). Research has shown that short-term exposure to air contaminants can cause health risks, and short-term exposure has received low attention compared to long-term measured mean values of different air contaminants. Yet peak exposures often explain a large part of the mean exposure. The aim of this paper is to develop a work method that can be used to control wood dust and improve the work environment of SMEs. The work method was developed by earlier research in the field of safety training and occupational health, but also through interviews with regional safety representatives in wood industries. The work method illustrates several steps, such as risk and control identification of short term exposure, safety training (creation and implementation), and evaluation of safety training, collaboration in safety training, adaptation and implementation of safety training. The work method can be used by safety representatives to control wood dust primarily through safety training, but also to create conditions for further studies on risks and safety in SMEs.

Topic: Occupational Health and Safety Research
Subfield: Radiological and Ultrasound Technology
Field: Health Professions
Domain: Health Sciences
[Effect of Astragalus injection combined with mesenchymal stem cells transplantation for repairing the spinal cord injury in rats].

Transplantation of rMSCs is an effective method in treatment of the spinal cord injury; ASI has the capacity for inducing rMSCs differentiated into neurons, and could synergize with rMSCs to promote the repairing of the spinal cord from injury.

Topic: Medical Research and Treatments
Subfield: Complementary and alternative medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences