jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
The long shadow of the Civil War: southern dissent and its legacies

This book looks at the inner civil war and its aftermath. In The Long Shadow of the Civil War, Victoria Bynum relates uncommon narratives about common Southern folks who fought not with the Confederacy, but against it. Focusing on regions in three Southern states - North Carolina, Mississippi, and Texas - Bynum introduces Unionist supporters, guerrilla soldiers, defiant women, socialists, populists, free blacks, and large interracial kin groups that belie stereotypes of the South and of Southerners as uniformly supportive of the Confederate cause. Examining regions within the South where the inner civil wars of deadly physical conflict and intense political debate continued well into the era of Reconstruction and beyond, Bynum explores three central questions. How prevalent was support for the Union among ordinary Southerners during the Civil War? How did Southern Unionists and freedpeople experience both the Union's victory and the emancipation of slaves during and after Reconstruction? And what were the legacies of the Civil War - and Reconstruction - for relations among classes and races and between the sexes, both then and now? Centered on the concepts of place, family, and community, Bynum's insightful and carefully documented work effectively counters the idea of a unified South caught in the grip of the Lost Cause.

Topic: Race, History, and American Society
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Application of Stencil Mask Ion Implantation Technology to Power Semiconductors

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation T. Nishiwaki, H. Saito, K. Hamada, K. Tonari, T. Nishihashi; Application of Stencil Mask Ion Implantation Technology to Power Semiconductors. AIP Conf. Proc. 13 November 2006; 866 (1): 357–360. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2401530 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAIP Publishing PortfolioAIP Conference Proceedings Search Advanced Search |Citation Search

Topic: Silicon and Solar Cell Technologies
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Prolonged Survival in a Patient with Neuroendocrine Tumor of the Cecum and Diffuse Peritoneal Carcinomatosis

Peritoneal carcinomatosis is a well-known factor of poor prognosis in patients with digestive adenocarcinomas. Peritoneal dissemination may also occur in midgut well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors, but its influence on survival is ill-defined. We report here the history of a 64-year-old woman who had a neuroendocrine tumor of the cecum with multiple synchronous metastases in the liver and diffuse peritoneal carcinomatosis. She underwent surgical resection of the primary tumor and cytoreduction of liver metastases, and received subsequently chemotherapy and somatostatin analogs. In spite of the widespread extension of the disease, she survived for 13 years and died from a carcinoid heart disease. We discuss the natural history and prognostic factors in patients with midgut well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors, with a focus on the impact of the peritoneal carcinomatosis.

Topic: Neuroendocrine Tumor Research Advances
Subfield: Epidemiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Development of a Spontaneous Heating / Fire Risk Index for Opencast Coal Mines

Presently, researchers and coal industries in all over world are recognizing the consequence of spontaneous heating/fire of coal for sustainability of natural resources and environmental problems. The awareness among coal producing countries needs a well focused research in spontaneous heating/fire risk analysis and its management for the public’s concerns safety of miners, equipment and life of mines. An attempt has been made to develop spontaneous heating/fire risk index (SHFRI) for opencast mines to assess spontaneous heating/fire risk. The SHFRI of an opencast mine determines based on relative susceptibility potential to spontaneous heating on four major parameters such as coal characteristics, geological conditions, mining methods and environmental parameters, which evaluates the overall risk index of opencast mines. The SHFRI was subdivided in to five levels (I-V) as: very safe, safe, medium risk, high risk and extremely high risk. The model is tested with the field data collected as well as laboratory data from two different opencast mines for its suitability. This index is still at an elementary level of design and further development of the SHFRI will undoubtedly enhance the features and reliability of the index.

Topic: Coal Properties and Utilization
Subfield: Ocean Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
CCDC 639869: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.

Topic: Crystallization and Solubility Studies
Subfield: Materials Chemistry
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Metacognitive Awareness and the Subjective Experience of Remembering in Aphantasia

Abstract Individuals with aphantasia, a nonclinical condition typically characterized by mental imagery deficits, often report reduced episodic memory. However, findings have hitherto rested largely on subjective self-reports, with few studies experimentally investigating both objective and subjective aspects of episodic memory in aphantasia. In this study, we tested both aspects of remembering in aphantasic individuals using a custom 3-D object and spatial memory task that manipulated visuospatial perspective, which is considered to be a key factor determining the subjective experience of remembering. Objective and subjective measures of memory performance were taken for both object and spatial memory features under different perspective conditions. Surprisingly, aphantasic participants were found to be unimpaired on all objective memory measures, including those for object memory features, despite reporting weaker overall mental imagery experience and lower subjective vividness ratings on the memory task. These results add to newly emerging evidence that aphantasia is a heterogenous condition, where some aphantasic individuals may lack metacognitive awareness of mental imagery rather than mental imagery itself. In addition, we found that both participant groups remembered object memory features with greater precision when encoded and retrieved in the first person versus third person, suggesting a first-person perspective might facilitate subjective memory reliving by enhancing the representational quality of scene contents.

Topic: Face Recognition and Perception
Subfield: Cognitive Neuroscience
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences
Adaptive prismatic-tetrahedral grid refinement and redistribution for viscous flows

A hybrid grid adaptive algorithm that combines grid refinement and redistribution suitable for three-dimensional viscous flow simulations is presented. The flow domain is discretized with both prismatic and tetrahedral elements. The prismatic region comprises successive layers of semistructured prisms that encompass regions close to the wall where the viscous effects are dominant. The grid outside the prismatic region is tessellated with tetrahedra. A hybrid grid adaptation scheme that implements local refinement and redistribution strategies is developed to provide optimum meshes for viscous flow computations. Grid refinement on a hybrid grid is a dual adaptation scheme that couples isotropic division of tetrahedra and directional division of prisms. The directional division of prisms is essentially a two-dimensional grid refinement scheme that results in a significant reduction in required computing resources. The grid adaptive solver yields accurate results as compared with a globally refined grid with reduced computing resources.

Topic: Computational Fluid Dynamics and Aerodynamics
Subfield: Computational Mechanics
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Supporting collaborative self-regulation during online scientific inquiry learning.

This paper presents the results of an experimental study which examined student’s planning, monitoring and evaluative processes during collaborative inquiry learning. Sixty-one students worked in triads or pairs to conduct a scientific inquiry with fluid dynamics. Utilizing a water tank simulation they expressed their understanding of domain principles by creating systems dynamic models. The study examined the effect of a tool designed to support collaborative self-regulation on student’s model quality. Results showed an overall positive effect for the support tool. Significant effects were found between planning variables and model quality in favor of the experimental group. Implications contribute to self-regulation research which seeks to explain how to support these processes within collaborative online inquiry learning settings. 1.

Topic: Innovative Teaching and Learning Methods
Subfield: Developmental and Educational Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Acceptance Test and Clinical Commissioning of CT Simulator

This study examined the clinical use of two newly installed computed tomography (CT) simulators in the Department of Radiation Oncology. The accreditation procedure was performed by the Korean Institute for Accreditation of Medical Imaging. An Xi R/F dosimeter was used to measure the CT dose index for each plug of the CT dose index phantom. Image qualities such as the Hounsfield unit (HU) value of water, noise level, homogeneity, existence of artifacts, spatial resolution, contrast, and slice thickness were evaluated by scanning a CT performance phantom. All test items were evaluated as to whether they were within the required tolerance level. CT calibration curves—the relationship between CT number and relative electron density—were obtained for dose calculations in the treatment planning system. The positional accuracy of the lasers was also evaluated. The volume CT dose indices for the head phantom were 22.26 mGy and 23.70 mGy, and those for body phantom were 12.30 mGy and 12.99 mGy for the first and second CT simulators, respectively. HU accuracy, noise, and homogeneity for the first CT simulator were −0.2 HU, 4.9 HU, and 0.69 HU, respectively, while those for second CT simulator were 1.9 HU, 4.9 HU, and 0.70 HU, respectively. Five air-filled holes with a diameter of 1.00 mm were used for assessment of spatial resolution and a low contrast object with a diameter of 6.4 mm was clearly discernible by both CT scanners. Both CT simulators exhibited comparable performance and are acceptable for clinical use.

Topic: Radiation Dose and Imaging
Subfield: Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Antitubercular Activity of Amino Alcohol Fused Spirochromone Conjugates.

Abstract All the title compounds (VII) (21 examples) are screened for their in vitro antimycobacterial activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (virulent strain H37Rv).

Topic: Synthesis of Organic Compounds
Subfield: Pharmacology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Autocratic strategies for iterated games with arbitrary action spaces

The recent discovery of zero-determinant strategies for the iterated Prisoner's Dilemma sparked a surge of interest in the surprising fact that a player can exert unilateral control over iterated interactions. These remarkable strategies, however, are known to exist only in games in which players choose between two alternative actions such as "cooperate" and "defect." Here we introduce a broader class of autocratic strategies by extending zero-determinant strategies to iterated games with more general action spaces. We use the continuous Donation Game as an example, which represents an instance of the Prisoner's Dilemma that intuitively extends to a continuous range of cooperation levels. Surprisingly, despite the fact that the opponent has infinitely many donation levels from which to choose, a player can devise an autocratic strategy to enforce a linear relationship between his or her payoff and that of the opponent even when restricting his or her actions to merely two discrete levels of cooperation. In particular, a player can use such a strategy to extort an unfair share of the payoffs from the opponent. Therefore, although the action space of the continuous Donation Game dwarfs that of the classical Prisoner's Dilemma, players can still devise relatively simple autocratic and, in particular, extortionate strategies.

Topic: Evolutionary Game Theory and Cooperation
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Error Consistency in Acquired Apraxia of Speech With Aphasia: Effects of the Analysis Unit

Purpose Diagnostic recommendations for acquired apraxia of speech (AOS) have been contradictory concerning whether speech sound errors are consistent or variable. Studies have reported divergent findings that, on face value, could argue either for or against error consistency as a diagnostic criterion. The purpose of this study was to explain discrepancies in error consistency results based on the unit of analysis (segment, syllable, or word) to help determine which diagnostic recommendation is most appropriate. Method We analyzed speech samples from 14 left-hemisphere stroke survivors with clinical diagnoses of AOS and aphasia. Each participant produced 3 multisyllabic words 5 times in succession. Broad phonetic transcriptions of these productions were coded for consistency of error location and type using the word and its constituent syllables and sound segments as units of analysis. Results Consistency of error type varied systematically with the unit of analysis, showing progressively greater consistency as the analysis unit changed from the word to the syllable and then to the sound segment. Consistency of error location varied considerably across participants and correlated positively with error frequency. Conclusions Low to moderate consistency of error type at the word level confirms original diagnostic accounts of speech output and sound errors in AOS as variable in form. Moderate to high error type consistency at the syllable and sound levels indicate that phonetic error patterns are present. The results are complementary and logically compatible with each other and with the literature.

Topic: Neurobiology of Language and Bilingualism
Subfield: Cognitive Neuroscience
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences
Chronic Cutaneous Herpes Simplex

Recurrent herpes simplex infection, usually benign and self-limited, can present as a chronic destructive process. Three such cases are presented in detail, and a fourth probable case, but without cultural documentation, is briefly described. These have in common, with seven previously reported cases, some form of immunologic impairment. Particular reference is made to the striking incidence of chronic herpes simplex in renal transplant patients undergoing immunosuppression and to the association of the infection with steroid therapy. Topical treatment with idoxuridine was apparently beneficial in two of the four patients.

Topic: Herpesvirus Infections and Treatments
Subfield: Epidemiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
A Novel SIT and VDMOS SEB Effects Contrastive Analysis by Numerical Simulation

SEB characters of a novel SIT and VDMOS were contrastively analyzed by pulse light irradiation numerical simulation. Simulation result indicated that SIT's SEB trigger intensity (Equivalent threshold Charges or LET) is 52 times as VDMOS, and SEB trigger threshold current is 18 times as VDMOS, none of which has been reported.

Topic: Integrated Circuits and Semiconductor Failure Analysis
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
The photospheric energy and helicity budgets of the flux-injection hypothesis

The flux-injection hypothesis for driving coronal mass ejections (CMEs) requires the transport of substantial magnetic energy and helicity flux through the photosphere concomitant with the eruption. Under the magnetohydrodynamics approximation, these fluxes are produced by twisting magnetic field and/or flux emergence in the photosphere. A CME trajectory, observed 2000 September 12 and fitted with a flux-rope model constrains energy and helicity budgets for testing the flux-injection hypothesis. Optimal velocity profiles for several driving scenarios are estimated by minimizing the photospheric plasma velocities for a cylindrically symmetric flux-rope magnetic field subject to the flux budgets required by the flux-rope model. Ideal flux injection, involving only flux emergence, requires hypersonic upflows in excess of the solar escape velocity 617 km/s over an area of 6x10^8 km^2 to satisfy the energy and helicity budgets of the flux-rope model. These estimates are compared with magnetic field and Doppler measurements from Solar Heliospheric Observatory/Michelson Doppler Imager on 2000 September 12 at the footpoints of the CME. The observed Doppler signatures are insufficient to account for the required energy and helicity budgets of the flux-injection hypothesis.

Topic: Solar and Space Plasma Dynamics
Subfield: Astronomy and Astrophysics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Jugular Venous Reflux

Cerebral venous outflow impairment is known to produce cerebral dysfunction in many clinical and animal studies. However, knowledge and understanding of the cerebral venous system is far less than that of the arterial system. The internal jugular vein, which is easily observed by color-coded Doppler sonography, is one of the main tracts for cerebral venous drainage. Recently, internal jugular venous reflux has been found to be related to several neurologic disorders. These associations suggest that the mechanism of these disorders is related to cerebral venous outflow impairment. In this article, we will briefly introduce the cerebral venous system and extracranial venous drainage pathway, then specifically review the characteristics of the internal jugular vein, its branches, and the hemodynamic factors involved in internal jugular venous reflux.

Topic: Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis
Subfield: Neurology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Sesamum indicum NGB04148

Plant Genetic Resource.<br>Taxonomy: Sesamum indicum<br>Common name(s): Sesame<br>Conserved by: National Centre for Genetic Resources and Biotechnology (NACGRAB), Nigeria<br>Local sample unique identifier: NGB04148<br>Method of creation: Acquisition<br>Date: 2007-12-17<br>Historical: No<br>Biological status: Traditional cultivar/landrace<br>MLS status: Included

Topic: Microbial Natural Products and Biosynthesis
Subfield: Pharmacology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Identifying Regulators from Multiple Types of Biological Data in Cancer

Cancer genomes accumulate alterations that promote cancer cell proliferation and survival. Structural, genetic and epigenetic alterations that have a selective advantage for tumorigenesis affect key regulatory genes and microRNAs that in turn regulate the expression of many target genes. The goal of this dissertation is to leverage the alteration-rich landscape of cancer genomes to detect key regulatory genes and microRNAs. To this end, we designed a feature selection algorithm to identify DNA methylation signals around a gene that would highly predict its expression. We found that genes whose expression could be predicted by DNA methylation accurately were enriched in Gene Ontology terms related to the regulation of various biological processes. This suggests that genes controlled by DNA methylation are regulatory genes. We also developed two tools that infer relationships between regulatory genes and target genes leveraging structural and epigenetic data. The first tool, ProcessDriver integrates copy number alteration and gene expression datasets to identify copy number cancer driver genes, target genes of these drivers and the disrupted biological processes. Our results showed that driver genes selected by ProcessDriver are enriched in known cancer genes. Using survival analysis, we showed that drivers are linked to new tumor events after initial treatment. The second tool was developed to leverage structural and epigenetic data to infer interactions between regulatory genes and targets on a network-level. Our canonical correlation analysis-based approach utilized the DNA methylation or copy number states of potential regulators and the expression states of potential targets to score regulatory interactions. We then incorporated these regulatory interaction scores as prior knowledge in a dynamic Bayesian framework utilizing time series gene expression data. Our results indicated that the canonical correlation analysis-based scores reflect the true interactions between genes with high accuracy, and the accuracy can be further increased by using the scores as a prior in the dynamic Bayesian framework. Finally, we are developing an algorithm to detect cancer-related microRNAs, associated targets and disrupted biological processes. Our preliminary results suggest that the modules of miRNAs and target genes identified in this approach are enriched in known microRNA-gene interactions.

Topic: Gene expression and cancer classification
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
[Changes of systolic time in dystrophia myotonica].

The left ventricular ejection time was studied by the external phonomechanocardiographic method on 17 patients affected by myotonic dystrophy (Steinert's disease), including 9 men and 8 women; aged from 25 to 68 years, with an average course for the neurological disease of 18.7 years. The case studied were those which demonstrated no signs of cardiac failure or of any disease liable to involve the heart. The results were compared on the one hand with the normal figures according to Blumberger, to Holldack and to Nazzi, Ricco and Meda, and on the other hand with the theoretical values computed, according to the regression equations of Weissler, Harris and Schoenfeld. The changes of systolic time intervals mechanical systole of the left ventricle. There was a narrow relationship between the length of the course of the neurological disease and the incidence of heart involvement, which seemed to be constant.

Topic: Mitochondrial Function and Pathology
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
The linguistic purism of Jozo Dujmušić

The following paper will try to present and contextualize Dujmušić’s linguistic contributions to the preservation of the Croatian language. Works on linguistic purism may be classified according to Thomas’s categorization of puristic activity (1991). Dujmušić’s “Antibarbarus hrvatskoga jezika” is one of the most interesting and also one of the most extensive studies in the field of linguistic purism. The work is quite compelling, not only because of its obscurity in linguistic circles, but also due to the fact that during the Vukovian and anti-Vukovian opposition, Dujmušić had been an advocate of the weaker, anti-Vukovian party. Ever since, there has been no scientific response to Dujmušić’s work – his linguistic contributions are yet to be represented and evaluated.

Topic: Linguistics, Language Diversity, and Identity
Subfield: Language and Linguistics
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences