jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Advanced Imaging for Characterization of Intestinal Metaplasia

Gastric intestinal metaplasia is clinically relevant because of its role in the process of gastric carcinogenesis. The current gold standard for the diagnosis of intestinal metaplasia is histology. It may be recognized on standard white-light endoscopy as whitish plaques, and a villous appearance may even be evident with high-definition white-light endoscopy without magnification. However, standard white-light endoscopy is generally suboptimal for endoscopic diagnosis because intestinal metaplasia usually appears in flat mucosa and shows few morphological changes. Techniques of image-enhanced endoscopy, especially in the setting of magnifying endoscopy with high definition, are useful in the detection of such lesions and will permit targeted biopsies. This video review will demonstrate the typical appearance of intestinal metaplasia on white-light endoscopy, with methylene blue chromoendoscopy and narrow-band imaging. This article is part of an expert video encyclopedia.

Topic: Helicobacter pylori-related gastroenterology studies
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
ELIMINATION MEASURES AND SKIN CARE AS IMPORTANT STAGES IN PREVENTION OF EXACERBATIONS OF ATOPIC DERMATITIS IN CHILDREN

According to recent data, the pathogenetically significant condition for the onset of atopic dermatitis is increasing epidermal permeability barrier and, therefore, a primary step in the treatment and prevention of atopic dermatitis should be control over the skin condition. Effective use of modern methods of prevention of exacerbations helps to reduce the frequency of relapses, lengthen the periods of remissions and, in general, improve the quality of life of sick children.

Topic: Dermatology and Skin Diseases
Subfield: Dermatology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Observer‐based finite‐time congestion control for TCP/AQM network system with time‐varying delays and UDP flows

Abstract In this paper, the problem of observer‐based finite‐time congestion control for transmission control protocol (TCP)/active queue management (AQM) network systems with time‐varying delay and nonresponsive flows such as UDP is studied. The congestion control problem of TCP/AQM network system with time delay and external disturbances observer‐based finite‐time control is solved for the first time, and a theorem proved by the Lyapunov function of TCP/AQM network systems finite‐time bounded is given to ensure that the closed‐loop system is finite‐time bounded. Finally, the control gain and observer gain are obtained by linear matrix inequality (LMI) technique. Simulation results show the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed method.

Topic: Network Traffic and Congestion Control
Subfield: Computer Networks and Communications
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Polysiloxane Hybrids via Sol-Gel Process: Effect of Temperature on Network Formation

The effect of temperature on the network formation of polysiloxane hybrids was evaluated since this type of material is currently in high demand. In the last decades, the deposition of these coatings on different substrates, mostly metals, has demonstrated anticorrosion properties. Sol-gel hybrids were prepared by mixing 3-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane (MPTS) and tetramethyl orthosilicate (TMOS) with a molar ratio of 1. The formation, thickness and composition of these hybrid materials were evaluated by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), respectively. The results showed that the temperature plays an important role in the network formation, the total condensation degree and the total dimensionality of the hybrid materials. At room temperature, the polysiloxane hybrids presented total condensation degrees lower than 75% and a total dimensionality (dtotal) = 2.5, while those obtained at 65 °C presented total condensation degrees higher than 80% and a dtotal = 2.8. The ideal conditions to prepare polysiloxane hybrids are 65 °C for 4 h, where this shows a higher atomic percentage of Si and a greater thickness.

Topic: Silicone and Siloxane Chemistry
Subfield: Materials Chemistry
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Technical Paper on Future of E Vehicle

E Vehicle Introduction In an era where energy conservation has become the latest topic of discussion not only among the scholars but also among the ordinary responsible citizens, fuel efficiency along with minimum pollution has become the benchmark for any new automobile. And in the same context “E vehicles” come as the latest addition. By the name itself it can be inferred that a E vehicles car is better option to the traditional engine car.

Topic: Electric and Hybrid Vehicle Technologies
Subfield: Automotive Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
SHR-1701 in combination with platinum-based chemotherapy and BP102 (a bevacizumab biosimilar) for persistent, recurrent, or metastatic cervical cancer: Data from a phase 1b/3 study.

5529 Background: Platinum-based chemotherapy (chemo) ± bevacizumab is the standard first-line therapy for cervical cancer, regardless of PD-L1 expression. SHR-1701 is a novel bifunctional fusion protein targeting PD-L1 and TGF-βRII, and shows promising efficacy and controllable safety in pretreated patients (pts) with cervical cancer. This ongoing phase 1b/3 study aims to assess the addition of SHR-1701 to standard first-line therapy. Methods: In the phase 1b part, eligible pts had persistent, recurrent, or metastatic squamous-cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, or adenosquamous cell carcinoma of the cervix not previously treated with systemic chemo for recurrence or metastasis and not amenable to curative treatment. Prior chemo-radiotherapy was permitted for recurrence, if mono-chemo was used as sensitizer. Pts were given SHR-1701 (30 mg/kg), paclitaxel (175 mg/m 2 ), cisplatin (50 mg/m 2 ) / carboplatin (AUC 5), and BP102 (15 mg/kg) every 3 weeks. The primary endpoints were safety and ORR. Results: From Feb 26 to Aug 12, 2022, 31 pts were enrolled. Median age was 55 years (range, 27-71). 24 (77.4%) had squamous-cell carcinoma, and 7 (22.6%) had adenocarcinoma. 20 (64.5%) had metastatic disease, 7 (22.6%) had recurrent cervical cancer, and 4 (12.9%) had persistent cervical cancer. Grade ≥3 treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs) were reported in 25 (80.6%) pts, with the most common being decreased neutrophil count (n=16, 51.6%), decreased white blood cell count (n=12, 38.7%), and anemia (n=8, 25.8%). TRAEs led to discontinuation of any study agent in 8 (25.8%) pts; of note, only 2 (6.5%) pts discontinued SHR-1701 due to TRAEs (grade 3 infusion reaction and grade 3 immune-mediated rash). No treatment-related deaths occurred. Efficacy outcomes are summarized in Table. ORR was 77.4%, with 4 CRs and 20 PRs; responses were ongoing in all 24 responders. DCR was 93.5%. Shrinkage in target lesions was observed in 30 (96.8%) pts. PFS rate at 6 months reached 93.5%. Conclusions: SHR-1701 plus platinum-based doublet chemo and BP102 provided a manageable safety profile and potent antitumor activity in pts with persistent, recurrent, or metastatic cervical cancer, supporting the subsequent randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 3 part. Clinical trial information: NCT05179239 . [Table: see text]

Topic: Cancer Immunotherapy and Biomarkers
Subfield: Oncology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Immune response activation by PIP1 and PIP2.

&lt;p&gt;Transcription of (A) &lt;i&gt;FRK1&lt;/i&gt;, (B) &lt;i&gt;WRKY53&lt;/i&gt;, (C) &lt;i&gt;WRKY33&lt;/i&gt; in &lt;i&gt;A. thaliana&lt;/i&gt; seedlings treated with flg22, PEP1, PIP1, and PIP2. Error bars represent the SE of the mean (n = 3). At least three replicates were performed with similar results. (D) Stomatal closure induced by PIP1 and flg22. Error bars represent the SE of the mean (n&gt;100). Three replicates were performed with similar results. (E) Relative ROS production in adult leaves upon treatments with PIP1, PEP1, and flg22. Error bars represent the SE of the mean (n = 5). Two replicates were performed with similar results. (F) Callose deposition in leaves upon induction with different peptides or chitin. Error bars represent the SE of the mean (n = 5). Two replicates were performed with similar results. (G) MAPK activation induced by PIP1 and PIP2. Ten day old seedlings were exposed to 1 µM peptides for 5, 10 or 15 min. Western blot analysis was performed with the phospho-p44/42 MAPK antibody. Two replicates were performed with similar results. (H) &lt;i&gt;Pst&lt;/i&gt; DC3000 growth in &lt;i&gt;A. thaliana&lt;/i&gt; leaves. Error bars represent the SE of the mean (n = 6). *, **: significantly different from mock treatment at p&lt;0.001 and &lt;0.01 (&lt;i&gt;t&lt;/i&gt;-test). Three replicates were performed with similar results.&lt;/p&gt;

Topic: Genetic and Environmental Crop Studies
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Anticoagulants for Treatment of Atrial Fibrillation

Theoretically, chronic atrial fibrillation adversely affects individuals with organic heart disease from the standpoint of increased incidence of thromboembolic phenomena and resistant decompensation. This study was designed to demonstrate the effects on rates of morbidity and mortality of anticoagulation and reversion to normal sinus rhythm. Three hundred hospitalized, decompensated cardiac patients with atrial fibrillation of more than 18 days' duration were treated by conventional measures of bed rest, salt restriction, and administration of digitalis and diuretics. One hundred served as a control group; the second 100 received quinidine sulfate and bishydroxycoumarin (Dicumarol); and the third 100 were given bishydroxycoumarin but no quinidine. Rates of mortality and morbidity were highest in the control group and lowest in the second group. Mortality and the nonfatal thromboembolic rates were diminished in the group which received anticoagulants alone, but the incidence of persistent decompensation was unchanged.

Topic: Atrial Fibrillation Management and Outcomes
Subfield: Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Psychological and oxidative stress induce apoptosis through TRPV1 channel activation in granulosa cells of oocyte during in vitro fertilization

Several physiological and pathophysiological functions such as mitochondria and phagocytosis induce oxidative stress. Oxidative stress results in excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). There is a high amount of psychologically and chemically stress in in vitro fertilization (IVF), because of presence stressful permanent infertility and treatment procedures (An et al. 2013). Oocytes are surrounded by granulosa cells. It is well-known that there is a direct relationship between oxidative stress contents of granulosa cells and oocyte quality (Tola et al 2013). Excessive Ca2+ influx induces excessive mitochondrial ROS production and apoptosis through activation of caspase activations. Involvement of voltage gated Ca2+ channels on oocyte quality and apoptosis in the granulosa cells has been clarified by results of several studies (Platano et al. 2013; Tola et al 2013). Transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) channel is a calcium permeable and non-selective cation channel. The similar effects of voltage gated calcium channels may present between oxidative stress and TRPV1 channel activation in the oocyte, because the TRPV1 channel is activated by excessive production of ROS. The importance of TRPV1 channel on the oocyte maturation was recently reported (Cecconi et al. 2019).&amp;nbsp; In the oral presentation, I will review recent studies on apoptosis through TRPV1 channel activation in granulosa cells of oocyte during IVF.&amp;nbsp; In conclusion, current literature data indicated that&amp;nbsp;psychological and oxidative stress-induced ROS, apoptosis and Ca2+ contents of oocyte and granulosa cells have very important roles on the oocyte maturation in patients with infertility during the IVF. There are some involvement clues of TRPV1 channels on the oocyte maturation and apoptosis, but the subject needs future studies.&amp;nbsp;

Topic: Reproductive Biology and Fertility
Subfield: Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Analysis and Implementation of A Passive Lossless Soft-Switching Snubber for PWM Inverters

In this paper, a passive lossless snubber circuit for pulse width modulation (PWM) inverters is proposed to achieve soft-switching purpose without extra switch or additional control circuitry. This passive lossless soft-switching snubber employs an inductor/capacitor snubber structure for each switching device in an inverter to achieve passive zero-current turn ON and zero-voltage turn OFF. Furthermore, inductors coupled closely on a single core are used to losslessly recover snubber energy to the input in the proposed snubber. In addition, freewheeling of output phase current of inverters can be realized via energy storage components of the snubber during the dead time to reduce the effect of dead time. The distortion ratio of the output phase current in low output frequency is also reduced. All components in the snubber circuit are passive, and thus have a better price/performance ratio than their active counterparts. The proposed snubber has been incorporated into a 14-kW PWM inverter. Experimental results are given to demonstrate the validity and features of the snubber.

Topic: Multilevel Inverters and Converters
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Usable and Accessible Learning Management System: UTPL Experience

The purpose of this paper is describe the actions carried out by the Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja (UTPL), to provide to academic community a usable and accessible Learning Management System (LMS). For this, standards by the W3C (ISO, WCAG) are considered, as well as the vision of representative authors in this field, who highlight the educative materials into a courses, as important elements that require special attention, because these materials must be available for all students indistinct of their capacities, promoting even different styles of learning. This work contributes to one objectives of the 2030 agenda, which is "To guarantee an inclusive, equitable and quality education and to promote lifelong learning opportunities for all".

Topic: E-Learning and Knowledge Management
Subfield: Computer Science Applications
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Neuronal Survival After Dendrite Amputation: Investigation of Injury Current Blockage

After dendrite transection, two primary injury current pathways may acount for cell death: (1) the lesion current at the site of injury and (2) the voltage sensitive calcium channels along the dendrite. Lesions were made with a laser microbeam in mouse spinal monolayer cell cultures. Polylysine was tried as a positively charged "molecular bandage" to block the lesion current. The calcium channel blockers, verapamil and nifedipine, were used to reduce the calcium channel current. Control toxicity curves were obtained for all three compounds. The results show that neither verapamil, nifedipine, nor polylysine (MW: 3,300) protect nerve cells after dendrite amputation 100 ptm from the soma. The data also indicate that these compounds do not slow the process of cell death after such physical trauma.

Topic: Neuroscience and Neural Engineering
Subfield: Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences
Optimization of the design methodology for personalized occlusal plane reconstruction using modern computer technologies for dental prosthetics

Background. In the reconstruction of dental arches, the position of the occlusal plane in clinical practice is often determined using the Camper plane, but a high degree of divergence between the occlusal and Camper planes has been repeatedly confirmed in the literature and cannot be used as a sufficiently stable reference point. In this regard, the search for individual parameters and reference points that could be used for a more predictable determination of the position of the occlusal plane continues. The aim of the work is to compare the position of the calculated and natural occlusal planes constructed using four author’s methods for determining the position of the occlusal plane in the examined group without dental pathology. Material and methods . А group of 30 subjects with physiological occlusion corresponding to the first class of Angle was formed. Each participant in the study underwent scanning of the dentition, a computed tomography scan of the maxillofacial region, and a photo protocol. The data were combined in the three-dimensional analysis program «Avantis 3D». The construction of a natural occlusal plane and calculated occlusal planes was carried out, constructed according to the methods proposed by Trezubov V.N. and Kurochkin Yu.K. (1985), R.I. Di Paolo (1987), Roshchin E.M. and Panteleev V.D. (2014), Fadeev R.A. and Timchenko V.V. (2016). Results . During the analysis, none of the four author’s methods of constructing the occlusal plane studied in the Avantis 3D program allows achieving a complete match of the calculated and natural occlusal planes in 100% of cases. The best results of the four studied methods were obtained when using themethod of Fadeev R.A. and Timchenko V.V. (2.3±0.40°). Conclusions : the method of R.A. Fadeev and V.V. Timchenko can be recognized as optimal for designing a personalized prosthetic plane using the Avantis 3D program.

Topic: Temporomandibular Joint Disorders
Subfield: Complementary and Manual Therapy
Field: Health Professions
Domain: Health Sciences
Isolation of Fungal Deteriogens Inducing Aesthetical Problems and Antifungal Calcite Forming Bacteria from the Tunnel and Their Characteristics

The purpose of this study was to isolate and characterize fungal deteriogens, which induce discoloration of the cement tunnel, and calcite forming bacteria (CFBs), which have antifungal activity against fungal deteriogens. Isolation of mold, bacteria and yeast was performed using several solid media and partially identified using internal transcribed spacer (ITS); 5.8S rRNA gene sequencing and 16s rDNA sequencing. A total of 19 microbial strains were identified with the most widely distributed fungal strain being Cladospirum sphaerospermum. In addition, five bacteria derived from the tunnel were identified as CFBs. Amongst the latter, Bacillus aryabhatti KNUC205 exhibited antifungal activity against Cladospirum sphaerospermum KNUC253 and Aspergillus niger KCTC6906 as concentrated filtered supernatants.

Topic: Plant Pathogens and Fungal Diseases
Subfield: Cell Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
A Spiritual Appeal To Environmental Behaviour: Addressing Global Problems Of Population Growth And Consumption

Excessive consumption and population growth are regarded as major world problems resulting in numerous consequent problems. A possible solution strategy that could bring about the required pro-environmental behaviours, through a spiritual appeal to reduce consumption and population growth is proposed. Pro-environmental teachings in four world religions, Christianity, Buddhism, Hinduism and Islam were identified. Personal interviews were carried out to find out if clergies and religious teachers were willing to encourage the required behavioural changes. Results indicate that the four religions offer many useful environmental teachings that can serve to give a spiritual appeal to the required behaviours, and that signs of willingness among clergies and religious teachers exist. Further research is necessary to determine exactly the feasibility of the proposed strategy. It is concluded that it is important to incorporate religion and spirituality to accomplish a wholesome multidimensional approach in addressing such global problems.

Topic: Glycogen Storage Diseases and Myoclonus
Subfield: Rheumatology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Auxiliary Hypotheses about Domestic Politics and Trade Agreements

This chapter examines three auxiliary hypotheses that flow from the main argument. First, in countries with more veto players it is less likely that political leaders will be able to form deeper integration agreements. As trade agreements become more constraining, they will prompt greater resistance from more groups. Hence, countries marked by a large number of veto players are unlikely to accede to agreements that aim to achieve more extensive integration. Second, in the same vein, political leaders are also unlikely to enter preferential trading arrangements that include more constraints, such as a dispute settlement mechanism. Finally, in countries with more veto players, we expect greater delays between signing and ratifying agreements. As the number of veto players rises, so does the time needed for the government to convince these groups of the agreement's value and to design ways of compensating those that will be harmed by it.

Topic: Global trade and economics
Subfield: General Economics, Econometrics and Finance
Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance
Domain: Social Sciences
Bail-Out Percutaneous Intervention for Chronic Total Occlusion of the Left Renal Artery Secondary to Takayasu’s Arteritis in a Pediatric Patient Using Drug-Eluting Stent

Renal-artery stenosis/occlusion is the cause of ischemic nephropathy, which is associated with hypertension due to renovascular system involvement. Acute renal failure in patients with bilateral renal artery stenosis can occur for a variety of reasons, including administration of an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor or spontaneous progression of renal-artery stenosis leading to bilateral total occlusion or high-grade stenosis. Rapid diagnosis and prompt treatment are the basis of kidney survival. The root cause of renal-artery occlusion must be elucidated in younger age patients after revascularization, such as Takayasu’s arteritis (TA) or fibromuscular dysplasia. We discuss the case of a preadolescent girl who had bilateral complete renal artery occlusion due to TA and acute kidney injury, needing renal replacement therapy. She had a bailout percutaneous renal intervention to the left renal artery, which resulted in remarkable clinical improvement.

Topic: Vasculitis and related conditions
Subfield: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Performance and availability evaluation of storage services in private cloud

Cloud computing brings new technologies and concepts that favor communication services and data storage. Services like OneDrive, Google Drive and DropBox increase data availability and provides new features as synchronization and collaboration. This article aims to assess the availability and performance of a private cloud storage service. A set of models that use a hierarchical strategy is proposed to evaluate both availability and performance through the composition of reliability block diagrams (RBD) and stochastic Petri net (SPN) models. A case study is presented to illustrate the applicability of the proposed models through a cloud storage service hosted in the Eucalyptus platform.

Topic: Distributed systems and fault tolerance
Subfield: Computer Networks and Communications
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences