jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Population pharmacokinetic modeling of plasma Δ9‐tetrahydrocannabinol and an active and inactive metabolite following controlled smoked cannabis administration

Aims Population pharmacokinetic models of Δ9‐tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) have been developed for THC plasma and blood concentration data. Often, only the metabolites of THC are measurable when blood samples are obtained. Therefore, we performed a population pharmacokinetic analysis of THC, 11‐OH‐THC and THCCOOH plasma concentration data from a Phase I clinical trial of THC smoking. Methods Frequently obtained plasma THC, 11‐OH‐THC and THCCOOH concentration data were obtained over 168 h from 6 subjects who smoked low (15.8 mg) and high dose (33.8 mg) THC cigarettes on 2 occasions. Bayesian estimates of the THC pharmacokinetic model from each individual for each dose were fixed prior to the sequential pharmacokinetic analysis of the metabolites. Results A 3‐compartment model of THC was developed that has a steady‐state volume of distribution (Vd SS ) of 3401 ± 788 L and a clearance of 0.72 ± 0.10 L/min. 11‐OH‐THC was characterized by 50 ± 6% of the THC being directly cleared to a 3‐compartment model with a Vd SS of 415.2 ± 4.3 L and clearance of 0.78 ± 0.05 L/min. The THCCOOH model shared the central compartment of the 11‐OH‐THC model with a Vd SS of 29.1 ± 0.05 L and a clearance of 0.12 ± 0.02 L/min. First order kinetics were observed for THC and THCCOOH between the low and high doses, but a nonlinear pattern was observed for 11‐OH‐THC. Conclusion We describe the pharmacokinetics of THC, 11‐OH‐THC and THCCOOH including inter‐ and intraindividual variability of the parameter estimates of the model.

Topic: Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research
Subfield: Pharmacology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
The Organization of Escape Behaviour in the Crayfish

ABSTRACT Invertebrate escape reflexes have long been favoured preparations for investigating neuronal substrates of behaviour. The large size of many of their component neurones make them accessible to current micro-electrode techniques, and selection pressures for rapidity of response have probably caused them to evolve in the direction of the maximal neurological simplicity consistent with their function. Indeed, given our current technical and conceptual limitations, they are probably among the very few behaviour patterns that we may presently hope to analyse with any degree of completeness.

Topic: Neurobiology and Insect Physiology Research
Subfield: Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences
Using Nutraceuticals to Help Manage Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury

Traumatic spinal cord injury (TSCI) is a significant public health challenge that has an adverse impact on functional independence, quality of life, and life expectancy. Management of people’s chronic conditions is a key aspect of contemporary medical practice. Our study was an open label, single arm, prospective pilot study to evaluate the feasibility of treating people with TSCI. The study intervention was treatment with oral selenium and vitamin E. Participants were 18 years or older and experienced a TSCI at least one year prior to enrollment. Daily doses of 50 mcg of selenium and 400 IU of vitamin E were administered. Participants had radiologic (MRI tractography) and clinical (ASIA) assessments prior to initiating treatment, and these assessments were repeated after one year of treatment. Four subjects completed the full twelve-month study. Adherence, based on pill counts, was approximately 75% in all subjects. There were no adverse events related to study medications. During the treatment period, subjects reported improvement in certain symptoms. There was no significant difference in ASIA scores before and after the intervention. Combination treatment with vitamin E and selenium has been demonstrated as safe for TSCI patients. It is possible to use DTI values to locate the epicenter of a lesion as well as gauge the extent of injury. MRI tractography may serve as a meaningful surrogate endpoint. The results of this study suggest that it is feasible to conduct a larger long-term clinical trial to evaluate the efficacy of combination treatment of TSCI.

Topic: Pregnancy-related medical research
Subfield: Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
RESEARCH ARTICLE Attentional Control and Subjective Executive Function in Treatment-Naive Adults with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

We investigated performance-derived measures of executive control, and their relationship with self- and informant reported executive functions in everyday life, in treatment-naive adults with newly diagnosed Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD; n536) and in healthy controls (n535). Sustained attentional control and response inhibition were examined with the Test of Variables of Attention (T.O.V.A.). Delayed responses, increased reaction time variability, and higher omission error rate to Go signals in ADHD patients relative to controls indicated fluctuating levels of attention in the patients. Furthermore, an increment in NoGo commission errors when Go stimuli increased relative to NoGo stimuli suggests reduced inhibition of task-irrelevant stimuli in conditions demanding frequent responding. The ADHD group reported significantly more cognitive and behavioral executive problems than the control group on the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function-Adult Version (BRIEF-A). There were overall not strong associations between task performance and ratings of everyday executive

Topic: Plant Toxicity and Pharmacological Properties
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Zooxantella of Giant Clam as a sentinel organism to detect toxicity of lead

Abstract Zooxantellae is living symbionts in the body of giant clams. This research was conducted to determine the sensitivity of the loss of zooxanthellae (bleaching) from the body of giant clam as a tool to detect metal pollutants. Juvenile of giant clam was exposed to lead in concentrations of 0, 0.004, 0.008, 0.016, 0.032 mg/l for 24 hours. Zooxanthellae density data were analyzed with parametric anova. The zooxanthellae densities at treatments 0, 0.004, 0.008.0.016 and 0.032 mg / respectively were 32,322,222.2, 32,488,888.89, 24,977,777.78, 17,676,666.67, and 14,542,222.22 cell/g mantle. Statistical analysis showed that there were significant differences in zooxanthellae densities of control with 0.016 and 0.032 mg/l treatments. There was no mortality of the juvenile of giant clams during the experiment. Therefore, it was concluded that the loss of zooxanthellae from giant clam’s body could be used as a sensitive biomarker to detect lead metal toxicity. Zooxanthella of Tridcana derasa is also considered as a sentinel organism that is potential for ecotoxicological studies.

Topic: Environmental Toxicology and Ecotoxicology
Subfield: Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
AN INTELLIGENT DEVICE TO ASSIST IN PLANT GROWTH USING ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND MOISTURE SENSING

Houseplants have long held cultural and personal significance, first gaining popularity among the Victorian middle class as symbols of morality and status. Today, over half of American households own at least one houseplant, yet many struggle to keep them alive— on average, households have killed seven plants, with nearly half of plant owners expressing concern about their plant’s survival. Despite this, houseplants offer numerous benefits, from improving air quality and acoustics to enhancing mental health, productivity, and social interaction. EcoMonitor addresses the common challenges of plant care, particularly the issue of overwatering, by using AI and soil moisture sensors to assess plant health and alert users through a color-coded LED system. This system provides timely, intuitive reminders that adapt to environmental conditions, unlike generic care guides. By keeping the user actively engaged in care tasks, EcoMonitor promotes both plant health and personal satisfaction. Experimental testing validated the accuracy of the AI classification for different watering conditions and evaluated the effectiveness of LED feedback, showing strong potential for reducing plant mortality while preserving the rewarding experience of plant care.

Topic: Smart Agriculture and AI
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
THE IMPACT OF BUY – SELL RECOMMENDATIONS ON BANKS’ STOCK RETURNS

The aim of this research was to investigate the impact of stock buy-sell recommendations of brokerage houses on the stock returns of banks operating in Borsa Istanbul (BIST). Accordingly, it has been attempted to assess if investors can receive abnormal returns in accordance with the recommendations of brokerage houses using the case study technique. The validity of the semi-strong effective form of investors who made a buying-selling decision based on brokerage house recommendations was investigated. The returns of the banks' stocks were obtained from the data-stream database. The study evaluated buy-sell recommendations for four large brokerage houses and analyzed data from January 2018 through December 2020. The event study method was used, and t-test was performed in order to determine the difference of abnormal returns from zero in the research. As a result of the research, a negative abnormal return was determined on the day of the event and the day after the sell recommendation was given. Besides, a positive abnormal return was determined on the day before the announcement and on the day of the event in the bank stocks on which buy recommendation has been given. In this respect, the average abnormal and cumulative abnormal returns indicated that BIST was not an efficient market in a semi-strong form for the banking sector. When the sell recommendations and their effects are examined within the scope of the research, it is seen that the day before [-1] p=0.016 value was obtained, on the day, [0] p=0.018 value was obtained, the next day and two days later [+1, +2] p=0.077 and 0.046 values were obtained. On the other hand, when the buy recommendations and their effects are examined, it is seen that the day before [-1] p=0.000 and on the day [0] p=0.098 values were obtained. T-test results and p values show that brokerage house recommendations are effective on stock returns in the BIST banking sector, and therefore BIST banking sector is effective in a weak form. The obtained results of the study were crucial for investors who invested in short-term stocks.

Topic: Financial Markets and Investment Strategies
Subfield: Finance
Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance
Domain: Social Sciences
Kinetics of endothelin-1 binding in the dog liver microcirculation in vivo

Endothelin-1 (ET-1) is a 21-amino acid peptide produced by vascular endothelial cells that acts as a potent constrictor of hepatic sinusoids. Hepatic binding of tracer (125)I-labeled ET-1 was investigated in anesthetized dogs with the multiple-indicator dilution technique with simultaneous measurements of unlabeled immunoreactive ET-1 plasma levels. Despite 80% binding to albumin, tracer (125)I-ET-1 was avidly extracted by the liver, with only 15 +/- 6% of the peptide surviving passage through the organ. Exchange of ET-1 between plasma and binding sites, probably located on the surface of liver cells, was quantitatively described by a barrier-limited, space-distributed variable transit time model. Reversible and irreversible parallel binding sites were found. Reversible and irreversible plasma clearances of unbound (125)I-ET-1 were 0.084 +/- 0.033 ml. s(-1). g liver(-1) and 0.17 +/- 0.09 ml. s(-1). g liver(-1), respectively, and the dissociation rate constant for reversible binding was 0.24 +/- 0.12 s(-1). The specific ET(A) receptor antagonist BMS-182874 did not modify binding to either site. The nonspecific ET(A)/ET(B) antagonist LU-224332 dose-dependently reduced irreversible binding only. ET-1 levels in the hepatic vein were significantly lower than in the portal vein but were not different from those in the hepatic artery. The ratio between hepatic vein and portal vein levels (0.64 +/- 0.31) was considerably higher than survival fractions, suggesting a substantial simultaneous release of newly synthesized or stored ET-1 by the liver. These results demonstrate both substantial clearance and production of ET-1 by the intact liver. Hepatic ET-1 clearance is mediated by the ET(B) receptor, with the presence of reversible, nonspecific ET-1 binding at the liver surface

Topic: Nitric Oxide and Endothelin Effects
Subfield: Physiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Mispyric Acid, a New Monocyclic Triterpenoid with a Novel Skeleton from <i>Mischocarpus pyriformis </i>that Inhibits DNA Polymerase β  [<i>J. Am. Chem. Soc. </i><b>1999</b>, <i>121 </i>(26), 6120−6124].

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVAddition/CorrectionNEXTORIGINAL ARTICLEThis notice is a correctionMispyric Acid, a New Monocyclic Triterpenoid with a Novel Skeleton from Mischocarpus pyriformis that Inhibits DNA Polymerase β [J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1999, 121 (26), 6120−6124].Di-An Sun, Jing-Zhen Deng, Shelley R. Starck, and Sidney M. HechtCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1999, 121, 44, 10452Publication Date (Web):October 13, 1999Publication History Published online13 October 1999Published inissue 1 November 1999https://doi.org/10.1021/ja995528mCopyright © 1999 American Chemical SocietyRIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views338Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (8 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts

Topic: Natural product bioactivities and synthesis
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Measurement Information Infrastructure (MII) Projects and Outlook

Have you heard of digital calibration certificates? Digital metrology? The digital quality infrastructure? The European Metrology Cloud? These globally scattered initiatives all seek to upgrade our industry from Metrology 2.5 to Metrology 4.0 by automating our remaining manual systems via networked intercommunication. Laboratories have long since automated many of their test and measurement processes, but the global quality infrastructure remains mired in paper and pdf documents that a) require subject-matter experts to interpret, and b) omit information that would have value if automatically put to use. NCSLI’s own initiative, the Measurement Information Infrastructure (MII), envisions a set of normative standards that define data structures, taxonomies, service protocols and security for locating, communicating and sharing measurement information seamlessly among our computing systems with little to no manual intervention. In this panel session, the NCSLI MII &amp; Automation Committee will present its MII Vision, progress and outlook and describe some of the ongoing efforts. An open discussion and Q&amp;A session will follow so that you may understand how an MII might affect your business and value stream.

Topic: Scientific Computing and Data Management
Subfield: Information Systems and Management
Field: Decision Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Immigrant and Refugee Students Across “Receiving” Nations: To What Extent Can Educators Rely on PISA for Answers?

Massive population shift is a current global reality – especially given some of the latest development on European shores; some are calling it a humanitarian crisis. Although the United States (US) receives a large number of immigrants (documented and not) and about 70,000 refugees each year, it is certainly not the only nation to do so. Industrialized nations that receive migrants through immigration policies are typically referred to as “receiving” nations. The article addresses two main questions: (1) how well immigrant students across 17 receiving industrialized nations are doing according to the Programme for International Student Assessment (otherwise known as PISA), and (2) how are educators, immigrant and refugee parents and students experiencing integration in the school context. The education of immigrant and refugee students is a complex global issue that requires better understanding, collaborative attention, and long-term investment of several stakeholders.

Topic: Education and experiences of immigrants and refugees
Subfield: Education
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Sociodemographic and economic factors are associated with weight gain between before and after cancer diagnosis: results from the prospective population-based NutriNet-Santé cohort

This large prospective cohort provided original results on weight variation between before and after cancer diagnosis, highlighting different weight trajectories. Socio-demographic and economic factors appeared to influence the risk of weight gain, illustrating social inequalities in health.

Topic: Nutritional Studies and Diet
Subfield: Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
A Cultural Imperialistic Homecoming: The Korean Wave Reaches the United States

Despite the assumption that Americans do not consume foreign media,1 South Korean2 popular culture is a growing phenomenon in the United States. Since Hallyu, meaning the Korean Wave and referring to the international success of Korean films, pop music, television dramas, and other cultural products, swept across Asia in the 1990s,3 the Korean government and culture industries have embarked on a quest to introduce Korean media worldwide to promote Korea and Korean products.4 Subsequently, after decades of alleged US cultural imperialism during which media flowed in a one-way direction from the United States to Korea, there is now a contra-flow of Korean media entering the United States.5 Interestingly, in recent years, originals and remakes of Korean films have been shown in mainstream US theaters, and Korean pop songs have appeared on US music charts.6 Long before Hallyu, The Beatles led the British Invasion of popular culture into the United States in the 1960s7, and in the 1990s, the Japanese anime series, Pokémon, was labeled a "craze" by CNN.8 Each cultural phenomenon has its own story of how it developed and how it was able to gain popularity, but this chapter shares the unique tale of Hallyu's passage into the United States.KeywordsMusic VideoFilm IndustryCultural ImperialismKorean CommunityKorean MediumThese keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.

Topic: Asian Culture and Media Studies
Subfield: Cultural Studies
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Legal and Cultural Dimensions in Arbitration Language

This book examines the interplay of legal traditions and linguistic practices and its influence on arbitral awards, opening new avenues of research on this underexplored area of legal discourse. The volume analyses data from a corpus of English-language arbitral awards, understood as the final decisions handed down by arbitrators in a legal dispute, compiled via Jus Mundi, an AI-powered legal search engine. Featuring texts from across various legal and cultural contexts, the book highlights corpus linguistic methodologies to elucidate linguistic patterns, syntactic structures, and stylistic choices. Guarino calls readers’ attention not only to the impact of globalization and cultural diversity on legal language in arbitration but also to the emergence of distinct styles and modes of reasoning even as legal practices globally converge. In so doing, the volume underscores the possibilities offered by the cultural shift toward openness in arbitration for refining legal standards, fostering collaborative knowledge, and expanding the study of legal discourse more broadly. This book will appeal to scholars interested in language and the law, legal discourse, corpus linguistics, language and communication, and international business studies.

Topic: International Arbitration and Investment Law
Subfield: Strategy and Management
Field: Business, Management and Accounting
Domain: Social Sciences
Frontispiece

Previous articleNext article FreeFrontispiecePDFPDF PLUSFull Text Add to favoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints Share onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmailQR Code SectionsMoreOvid, Ovid’s Metamorphosis Englished, Mythologiz’d, and Represented in Figures. An Essay to the Translation of Virgil’s Æneis, tr. George Sandys (1632) in the collection at the Arthur F. Kinney Center for Interdisciplinary Renaissance Studies.View Large ImageDownload PowerPoint Previous articleNext article DetailsFiguresReferencesCited by English Literary Renaissance Volume 51, Number 3Autumn 2021 Published in association with the Arthur F. Kinney Center for Interdisciplinary Renaissance Studies Article DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1086/716836 Views: 210 © 2021 English Literary Renaissance, Inc. All rights reserved.PDF download Crossref reports no articles citing this article.

Topic: Renaissance Literature and Culture
Subfield: Classics
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Connectivity Resotration Techniques for Wireless Sensor and Actor Network (WSAN), A Review

Wireless Sensor and actor networks (WSANs) are the most promising research area in the field of wireless communication. It consists of large number of small independent sensor and powerful actor nodes equipped with communication and computation capabilities. Actors gather sensor’s data and react collaboratively to attain application particular assignments. A powerful connected inter-actor network is required to coordinate its operations. Actor node may fail due to the battery depletion or any hardware failure and this failure may divide the network into disjoint segments. This problem can degrade the network performance but also reduce the efficiency and effectiveness of the network. To restore the network into its original state, the researchers have proposed many connectivity restoration techniques during last few years. This paper provides a brief review of the existing connectivity restoration techniques for WSANs with their advantages and limitations.

Topic: Energy Efficient Wireless Sensor Networks
Subfield: Computer Networks and Communications
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences