jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
International System, not International Structure: Against the Agent-Structure Problematique in IR

Since the very beginning of social sciences, the relationship between agents and the social system has been a central problématique. Unfortunately, the agent–structure problem, which is a much narrower version of the agent–system problem, has mostly replaced the latter in social sciences, including international relations (IRs). This article argues that our long-standing affair with the agent–structure problématique has been disastrous for IR and the broader social sciences, and that it is time to end it. Our obsession with structure or the agent–structure problématique has blinded us to the simple reality that system encompasses much more than agent-and-structure and as such, that focussing on structure alone cannot possibly lead us to an adequate understanding of the dynamics of any social system. Social scientists should embrace a genuinely systemic approach if they desire to understand adequately the dynamics within a system. A refocussing on system rather than on structure not only clarifies some of the key debates in IR theory but also points to important new directions for further research. The discussion here contributes to the recent resurging interest in the systemic approach within the broader social sciences, and IR in particular.

Topic: Political Conflict and Governance
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Emotional Intelligence Assessment, Interpersonal Communication and Integration of People With Disabilities in the Portuguese Labour Market

This research aims to evaluate emotional intelligence, interpersonal communication and the integration of PwD's in the labor market. In this sense, and given the difficulties experienced by these people during the process of labor inclusion, we have tried to: explore and understand the emotions felt by these workers during their working hours and how they manage them; how communication is processed in this context; and also to verify to what extent the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities has improved the process of inclusion. The mixed methodology was used, using qualitative and quantitative research. Fifty workers with disabilities and 314 work colleagues of the Auchan Portugal Group participated in the study. The results showed that the PwD's recognize their emotions when interacting with co-workers, however most disguise them when they feel discomfort, ending up not having a clear communication at the organizational level. Moreover, it was found that, although most PwD's feel integrated, it suggests a greater sensitivity of the employer, adapted work and more accessibility in the workplace.

Topic: Magnetic confinement fusion research
Subfield: Nuclear and High Energy Physics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Barriers to Inter-group Deliberation in Divided Ukraine

Deeply divided societies like Ukraine seem to be infertile terrain for inclusive mass deliberation. First, it may not even be possible to get people on opposing sides to sit in the same room, and even if they do meet, they may not really deliberate (Luskin et al., 2013). However, the promise of deliberative democracy that will bring about a transformative change in social relations remains attractive.

Topic: Social Media and Politics
Subfield: Communication
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Komparasi Hukum Tentang Ketentuan Perkawinan Poligami Di Indonesia dan Mesir

This article seeks to conduct a comparative analysis of the legal frameworks governing polygamous marriage in Indonesia and Egypt. There are fundamental differences between the two countries regarding the regulation of polygamy. This study adopts a library research method with a descriptive-comparative approarch, utilizing documentation as the primary data collection technique and comparative analysis for data interpretation. The findings reveal that Indonesia prossesses a more comprehensive and detailed codifivation of laws concerning polygamous marriage compared to Egypt. In Indonesia, polygamy is regulated under several legal instruments, notably Law Number 1 of 1974 and Government Regulation Number 9 of 1975. In contrast in legal regulations between the two countries can be attributed, in part, to the different schools of Islamic jurisprudence each country follows; Indonesia predominantly adheres to the Syafi’i, whereas Egypt is more closely aligned with conservative interpretation. Nevertheless, both countries permit polygamous marriage. The primary distinction lies in the specific conditions and requirements imposed, with Indonesia enacting more detailed and stringent regulations compared to Egypt.

Topic: Marriage and Family Dynamics
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
An Artificial Diet for Rearing the Salt Marsh Caterpillar, Estigmene acrea (Lepidoptera: Arctiidae), with Notes on the Biology of the Species12

Between 1964 and 1965, 12 generations of salt marsh caterpillars, Estigmene acrea (Drury), were successfully reared at Riverside, California, on a semisynthetic diet. Of the criteria measured, the percentage pupation and fertility and the number of eggs laid were the most variable; little difference was noted in sex ratio, pupal weights, percentage emergence, or number of adult deformities. A cup and a tray method for rearing the insect are described. The biology of reproduction of adults was also investigated. Mating behavior appears to be complex and is variable between given pairs of moths.

Topic: Fire effects on ecosystems
Subfield: Global and Planetary Change
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Hypothyroidism presenting as destructive arthropathy of the fingers

Summary A patient presenting with destructive arthropathy of the proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joints of the hands is described. She was initially believed to have rheumatoid arthritis but non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs were of no help. The patient was subsequently found to have hypothyroidism and erosive osteoarthritis of the fingers. Joint swelling, pain and stiffness responded dramatically to thyroid hormone substitution. The PIP joint spaces reappeared on the radiographs within 9 months. This case suggest that hypothyroidism may induce destructive arthropathy of the finger joints. As thyroxine replacement may reverse the rheumatic complaints, hypothyroidism should be considered in the differential diagnosis of a destructive arthropathy of unclear aetiology.

Topic: Inflammatory Myopathies and Dermatomyositis
Subfield: Epidemiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Analysis of energy and exergy of lavender extract powder in spray dryer

Abstract In recent years, the research in the field of medicinal plants as therapeutic supplements has increased significantly. Lavender extract is widely used among medicinal plant products due to its unique therapeutic properties. Since drying processes require high energy, this study was conducted to study the performance of the spray dryer in the production of lavender extract powder at three levels of air temperature 150°C, 180°C, and 210°C, three levels of compressed air flow rate 6, 8, and 10 L/min and ratios of maltodextrin‐drying aid to the mass of dry matter of the extract 0%, 25%, and 50% by response surface method. For this purpose, the energy efficiency and exergy of the powder production process were examined. According to the obtained results, increasing the inlet air temperature and the inlet air flow rate increased the energy efficiency and exergy and decreased the energy efficiency and exergy, respectively. The energy efficiency of the drying process varied in the range of 6.55%–15.87%, and the exergy efficiency () of the drying process in the range of 2.87%–5.84%. Also, the of the spray dryer was calculated in the range of 20.05%–38.78%. Based on the energy efficiency and exergy, the optimal production of lavender plant extract powder was obtained at the air temperature of 210°C, the compressed air flow rate of 6 L/min, and the amount of drying aid of 11.9 g/L.

Topic: Microencapsulation and Drying Processes
Subfield: Food Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
ChemInform Abstract: The Povarov Reaction of Ethyl (18‐Carbomethoxyabieta‐8,11,13‐triene‐12‐imino)glyoxylate with Electron‐Donating Dienophiles.

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.

Topic: Fluorine in Organic Chemistry
Subfield: Pharmaceutical Science
Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics
Domain: Life Sciences
Insight into the art of solving a practical geometric task

The article presents and compares three approaches to the
problem solving of a practical geometric task: the standard
mathematical approach, the experimental solution and the
mathematical “art” solution; the last two stated illustrate the
unconventional and inventive approach to the solution of the
problem.

Topic: Advanced Theoretical and Applied Studies in Material Sciences and Geometry
Subfield: Biomedical Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Targeted Ablation, Silencing, and Activation Establish Glycinergic Dorsal Horn Neurons as Key Components of a Spinal Gate for Pain and Itch

The gate control theory of pain proposes that inhibitory neurons of the spinal dorsal horn exert critical control over the relay of nociceptive signals to higher brain areas. Here we investigated how the glycinergic subpopulation of these neurons contributes to modality-specific pain and itch processing. We generated a GlyT2::Cre transgenic mouse line suitable for virus-mediated retrograde tracing studies and for spatially precise ablation, silencing, and activation of glycinergic neurons. We found that these neurons receive sensory input mainly from myelinated primary sensory neurons and that their local toxin-mediated ablation or silencing induces localized mechanical, heat, and cold hyperalgesia; spontaneous flinching behavior; and excessive licking and biting directed toward the corresponding skin territory. Conversely, local pharmacogenetic activation of the same neurons alleviated neuropathic hyperalgesia and chloroquine- and histamine-induced itch. These results establish glycinergic neurons of the spinal dorsal horn as key elements of an inhibitory pain and itch control circuit.

Topic: Pain Mechanisms and Treatments
Subfield: Physiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Venice IncognitoMasks in the Serene Republic

"The entire town is disguised" declared a French tourist of eighteenth-century Venice. And, indeed, maskers of all ranks—nobles, clergy, imposters, seducers, con men—could be found mixing at every level of Venetian society. Even a pious nun donned a mask and male attire for her liaison with the libertine Casanova. This book offers a spirited analysis of masking in this carnival-loving city. It draws on a wealth of material to explore the world view of maskers, both during and outside of carnival, and reconstructs their logic: covering the face in public was a uniquely Venetian response to one of the most rigid class hierarchies in European history. This vivid account goes beyond common views that masking was about forgetting the past and minding the muse of pleasure to offer fresh insight into the historical construction of identity.

Topic: Historical Art and Culture Studies
Subfield: Museology
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
[A long ureteral polyp with ureteropelvic junction obstruction: report of a case].

A case of long ureteral polyp with ureteropelvic junction obstruction in a 29-year-old man is reported. He had complained of occasional left flank pain since several years earlier. Excretory urography showed left giant hydronephrosis and no urolithiasis. Retrograde pyelography revealed a mass lesion of the left upper ureter. At exploration, the left ureteropelvic junction was found to be obstructed by an aberrant lower pole renal vessel. At just distal of the junction, a finger-like ureteral polyp, 5 cm in maximal length, was present and accompanied with several little polyps. Partial ureterectomy and pyeloplasty improved the left hydronephrosis. The patient remains symptomless for one year after the operation.

Topic: Urologic and reproductive health conditions
Subfield: Rheumatology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Step-length control analysis with a multi-staged clutch damper model in a torsional vibration problem using harmonic balance method

This study focuses on a step-length control method to investigate piecewise type nonlinearities such as multi-staged clutch dampers in a practical system. In general, step-length control techniques are employed to overcome at least two difficulties with respect to examining the nonlinear dynamic responses of a physical system. Such techniques first reduce the calculation time, which increases the efficiency of simulation in many case studies. Then, the employment of step-length control resolves strongly stiff problems which often occur in the asymmetrical piecewise type nonlinearities. In order to overcome these difficulties, this study suggests a newly developed step-length control method based on the employment of two different adaptive step sizes from prior steps to the next steps, when simulation is conducted using an arc-length continuation method. The simulation results using the step-length control method show much improvement with respect to reducing the calculation times and number of steps compared with the ones without step-length control method. Thus, this study provides clear understanding of the objectives of using step-length control such that it increases the efficiency of simulation as well as resolves the convergence problems in a nonlinear dynamic system.

Topic: Hydraulic and Pneumatic Systems
Subfield: Mechanical Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
The local Serbian environmental conditions for postal business

Postal industry is under the high influence of global business trends in the sense of globalization, developing and new market penetration, with preference to integral postal service. By adopting law of postal services the basic conditions for going into the postal competition in Republic of Serbia are achieved. The main important issues with high influence in this kind of business are: local macroeconomic trends, current legislative, competition and basic infrastructure. Analyze of local environmental business condition is very important issue in creating business strategy process for almost all major postal operators.

Topic: ICT Impact and Policies
Subfield: Media Technology
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Node clustering in wireless sensor networks: recent developments and deployment challenges

The large-scale deployment of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) and the need for data aggregation necessitate efficient organization of the network topology for the purpose of balancing the load and prolonging the network lifetime. Clustering has proven to be an effective approach for organizing the network into a connected hierarchy. In this article, we highlight the challenges in clustering a WSN, discuss the design rationale of the different clustering approaches, and classify the proposed approaches based on their objectives and design principles. We further discuss several key issues that affect the practical deployment of clustering techniques in sensor network applications.

Topic: Energy Efficient Wireless Sensor Networks
Subfield: Computer Networks and Communications
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Software design and implementation using the Real-Time Object-Oriented Modeling Language

The Real-Time Object-Oriented Modeling (ROOM) language (Selic et al., 1994) is of growing interest in the software engineering field because a ROOM toolset, ObjecTime (R), is now available. This toolset allows developers to create a graphic representation of the design of a system on a workstation and to then execute a discrete event simulation of the system. ROOM is promoted as a method ideally suited to the design of systems with one or more of the characteristics of timeliness, dynamic internal structure, reactiveness, concurrency and distribution. Computing Devices Canada has used the ROOM language to implement a telephone subsystem and a radio access subsystem as part of the MESHnet product line. Both subsystems exhibit four of the above characteristics. This paper describes our experiences using ROOM for these applications.

Topic: Model-Driven Software Engineering Techniques
Subfield: Software
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Correlation of MMP-9 and p53 protein expression with prognosis in metastatic spinal tumor of lung cancer

The aim of the study was to compare the protein expression of MMP-9 and p53 and examine their correlation with prognosis in lung cancer metastatic spinal tumor. Tissue samples were obtained from 30 cases of para-cancerous tissue (group I), 75 cases of non-metastatic lung cancer tissue (group II) and 100 cases of metastatic spinal tumor tissue of lung cancer (group III). The protein expression of MMP-9 and p53 was detected by immunohistochemistry and was present in all three groups. The positive rate for MMP-9 was 20, 67 and 83%, respectively. There was a significant difference among the three groups (p<0.05). The positive rate for p53 was 16.7, 78.7 and 92%, respectively. There was a highly significant difference among the three groups (p<0.01). There was a positive correlation between the protein expressions of MMP-9 and p53 (Spearman's correlation coefficient r=0.351, p<0.05). The positive or negative expression of the two proteins was statistically significant (p<0.05) for 5-year survival. The expression of MMP-9 and p53 proteins in metastatic spinal tumors of lung cancer showed increasing trends, and the expression of MMP-9 and p53 proteins was significantly higher compared to non-metastatic lung cancer tissue and para-cancerous tissue samples. This likely was associated with the invasion and metastasis of lung cancer to the spine. Survival analysis suggested that the overexpression of p53 and MMP-9 were correlated with poor prognosis.

Topic: Bone health and treatments
Subfield: Oncology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Bulldozing the Middle Ages: The Case of John Lydgate’

Abstract In 1549 the Duke of Somerset, then Lord Protector in the childhood of Edward VI, destroyed buildings in different parts of London in order to produce materials for the construction of his own palace, Somerset House. He chose a site on the Strand, and pulled down both a parish church and the inns of the bishops of Chester and Worcester, making ‘leuell ground’. The destroyed buildings produced insufficient materials, whereupon the Duke attempted to pull down the parish church of St Margaret in Westminster. The demolition gang, however, fled when the parishioners arrived to protect their church, armed with ‘bows and arrows, staves and clubs’.

Topic: Military History and Strategy
Subfield: Political Science and International Relations
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Late Cerebral Radionecrosis

Research Articles| January 15 2008 Late Cerebral Radionecrosis Subject Area: Neurology and Neuroscience A. Marra; A. Marra Neurological Institute and Service of Neurosurgery of Rome University, Rome Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar R. Giuffrè R. Giuffrè Neurological Institute and Service of Neurosurgery of Rome University, Rome Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Psychiatria et Neurologia (1968) 1 (4): 234–246. https://doi.org/10.1159/000113664 Article history Published Online: January 15 2008 Content Tools Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation A. Marra, R. Giuffrè; Late Cerebral Radionecrosis. Psychiatria et Neurologia 1 April 1968; 1 (4): 234–246. https://doi.org/10.1159/000113664 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsEuropean Neurology Search Advanced Search This content is only available via PDF. 1968Copyright / Drug Dosage / DisclaimerCopyright: All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be translated into other languages, reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, microcopying, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher.Drug Dosage: The authors and the publisher have exerted every effort to ensure that drug selection and dosage set forth in this text are in accord with current recommendations and practice at the time of publication. However, in view of ongoing research, changes in government regulations, and the constant flow of information relating to drug therapy and drug reactions, the reader is urged to check the package insert for each drug for any changes in indications and dosage and for added warnings and precautions. This is particularly important when the recommended agent is a new and/or infrequently employed drug.Disclaimer: The statements, opinions and data contained in this publication are solely those of the individual authors and contributors and not of the publishers and the editor(s). The appearance of advertisements or/and product references in the publication is not a warranty, endorsement, or approval of the products or services advertised or of their effectiveness, quality or safety. The publisher and the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to persons or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements. Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.

Topic: Brain Metastases and Treatment
Subfield: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Thermal boundary layers in turbulent Rayleigh-Bénard convection with rough and smooth plates: A one-to-one comparison

Roughness at a surface hotter or colder than its environment may significantly enhance the convective heat transfer coefficient. This enhancement results from modification of the near-wall flow field. Our work demonstrates how roughness elements deform the temperature field compared to a smooth surface, and, under which conditions the heat transfer coefficient is enhanced.

Topic: Fluid Dynamics and Turbulent Flows
Subfield: Computational Mechanics
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences