jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
New synthesis of 5H-pyrrolo[3,2-d]pyrimidines via pyrimido[5,4-c]pyridazines

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNew synthesis of 5H-pyrrolo[3,2-d]pyrimidines via pyrimido[5,4-c]pyridazinesRobert S. Klein, Mu-Ill Lim, Steve Y. K. Tam, and Jack J. FoxCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1978, 43, 12, 2536–2539Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1978Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1978https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00406a053https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00406a053research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views387Altmetric-Citations40LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts

Topic: Synthesis and Characterization of Heterocyclic Compounds
Subfield: Organic Chemistry
Field: Chemistry
Domain: Physical Sciences
A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Creatine in Children With Spinal Muscular Atrophy

ABSTRACT Objective: To determine whether oral creatine produces positive changes in any of 4 outcomes in children with spinal muscular atrophy (SMA). Methods: The authors conducted a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial on 55 patients aged 2-18 years with SMA. Patients aged younger than 5 years received 2 g/day of creatine/placebo for 6 months. Patients aged 5 years and older received 5 g/day. The primary outcome measure was the Gross Motor Function Measure (GMFM). Secondary outcome measures were Quantitative Muscle Testing (QMT), Parent Questionnaire for the PedsQL™ Neuromuscular Module (QOL), and Pulmonary Function Tests (PFT). Results: Forty of the 55 patients completed the protocol. There was no significant difference in the 4 outcome measures between creatine and placebo groups. Conclusions: Under the experimental conditions of our study, creatine supplementation for 6 months did not improve motor function, muscle strength, pulmonary function, or quality of life in children with SMA,

Topic: Neurogenetic and Muscular Disorders Research
Subfield: Genetics
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
CCDC 2126320: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.

Topic: Crystallization and Solubility Studies
Subfield: Materials Chemistry
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Mechanism of Repression by the Sequence-Specific mRNA-Binding Protein Vts1p

Vts1p is a member of the Smaug family of sequence-specific RNA binding proteins that interact with stem-loop sequences to degrade and/or translationally repress target transcripts. To identify the molecular mechanism by which Vts1p represses target transcripts, I have investigated the role of one of Vts1p’s conserved domains, the SSR1 domain, in Vts1p-mediated repression. In vitro SSR1 functions as a dimerization domain and I provide evidence that SSR1 mediates dimerization in vivo. I have created Vts1p mutants which abolish dimerization and found that dimerization is required for full Vts1p-mediated repression and robust destabilization of a reporter containing two SREs. My data supports a model whereby dimerization of Vts1p functions to enhance binding of Vts1p to a target transcript carrying two or more SREs. Analysis of putative Vts1p mRNA targets suggests that dimerization may be important for proper repression of many target transcripts since a majority contain multiple SREs.&#13;\nI have also shown that Vts1p interacts with the Ccr4p/Pop2p/Not deadenylase in an RNA independent fashion. This is consistent with the model that Vts1p recruits the Ccr4p/Pop2p/Not deadenylase to target transcripts to induce deadenylation and subsequent degradation.&#13;\nFinally, by tethering Vts1p to a reporter construct, I have shown that two separate regions of Vts1p, the N-terminus and the C-terminus, are sufficient for repression, suggesting that Vts1p employs multiple mechanisms to regulate the expression of target mRNAs. I have also shown that the N-terminus contains a conserved motif that functions in Vts1p-mediated translational repression while playing no role in transcript decay. This is the first evidence that Vts1p mediates the translational repression of a target transcript.

Topic: RNA Research and Splicing
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Conservative management in breast tumors more than 3 cm in diameter:A 10-year follow-up period for 275 patients

We have investigated the possibility of conservative breast surgery in tumors greater than 3 cm in diameter. A series of 303 patients with tumors larger than 3 cm in diameter (T2 > 3 cm, T3, N0, N1a, N1b, M0) underwent a radiotherapeutic induction treatment. Ten weeks after the end of the radiotherapy, we eliminated 28 patients whose tumors remained larger than 3 cm in order to limit the study to a group of 275 patients having tumors smaller than 3 cm after radiotherapy. The surgery carried out on all these patients was tumorectomy with a sufficient safety margin and pathologically negative section. Postoperative adjuvant treatments were decided upon according to hormonal receptors, age of the patient, and nodal status. The mean follow-up period was 13 years (ranging from 5 to 18 years). The rate of tumoral sterilization was 25.8%. The rate of local recurrence was 6.2%: 5.4% for stage T2f tumors between 3 and 5 cm in diameter and 8.6% for stage T3 tumors. The 17 local recurrences were locally controlled by salvage mastectomy. Overall survival was 76.19% at 5 years, 57.14% at 10 years, and 53.97% at 15 years. Disease-free survival was 76.19% at 5 years, 50% at 10 years, and 27.08% at 15 years. Disease-free survival at 10 years was significantly influenced by the size of the breast tumor and the degree of axillary node invasion: T2f, 65.7%; T3, 37.2%; T2fNminus;, 71%; T2fN+, 60.5%; T3N−, 45.4%; T3N+, 25.1%. The overall and disease-free survival rates at 5 and 10 years are not statistically different with relation to tumor location, histological grade, age, menopausal status, or presence or absence of adjuvant treatment. Our results suggest that preoperative radiotherapy for tumors greater than 3 cm in diameter allows breast preservation with satisfactory local control and cosmetic results compared with mastectomy. Radiat Oncol Invest 1996;4:83–89. © 1996 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

Topic: Breast Cancer Treatment Studies
Subfield: Cancer Research
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Design of a miniaturised triple-band metamaterial antenna loaded with complementary split ring resonator and partially defected ground structure for wireless applications

A novel low-profile, compact and inexpensive three-band microstrip patch antenna made by CSRR is proposed. This compact triple-band antenna is fed by a co-axial cable and placed over a Partially Defected Ground Structure (PDGS). It is concurrently satisfying WLAN, WiMAX and X-band communication link application requirement, providing a significantly wide impedance bandwidth (S11 < ‒10 dB) in the WLAN, upper WiMAX frequency and X-band communication link regions. The proposed antenna also has high gain and efficiency in the three bands of operations. A prototype of antenna has been fabricated and measured.

Topic: Antenna Design and Analysis
Subfield: Aerospace Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Structured Teaching Programme on knowledge regarding impact of Social Media among school children (10-12 years) in selected school, Bangalore

The study was conducted to assess the effectiveness of structured teaching programme on knowledge and attitude regarding impact of social media among school children (10-12 years) in selected school, at Bangalore. A pre-experimental one group pre-test and post-test design was adopted for the present study. Simple random sampling technique was used to select 60 samples. The pretest was conducted among 60 children by administering the structured knowledge questionnaires followed by structured teaching on social media impact. Post test was conducted on the 7th day of structured teaching programme by using the same tool. The data was gathered and analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistical method. The findings revealed that in pre-test, the level of knowledge which comprises 36(60.00%) are having Inadequate knowledge, 24(40.00%) are having Moderate level of knowledge and 0(0.00%) are having Adequate knowledge. During post-test, the level of knowledge was 37(61.67%) are having adequate knowledge, 23(38.33%) are having moderate knowledge and 0 (0.00%) are having inadequate knowledge. The paired ‘t’ test value shows that the Pre-test, mean is 12.38, SD is 6.3 and mean% is 41.27% after structured teaching programme in the post-test the mean is 23.15, SD is 4.5 and mean% is 77.17%. It is evident that there is an enhancement of mean is 10.77, SD is 6.3 and the mean percentage is 77.17%. Paired t value 2.39 is significant at P&lt;0.01 level indicating that structured teaching programme was effective in improving the knowledge regarding social media impact. Hence H1 was retained. There was a significant association found between post-test level of knowledge regarding impact of social media addiction among school children and selected demographic variables like age (x2 = 6.2), religion (x2 = 9.8), monthly income (x2 = 11.5), Time of spending on social sites daily (x2 = 10.7) with the level of knowledge score at the level of p&lt;0.05. Hence H2 was accepted. Social media have harmful impact on school children. Lack of knowledge regarding impact of social media can increase the incidence of social media addiction and its ill effects. There by adequate knowledge is essential among school children to avoid social media addiction and their harmful effects on health.

Topic: Impact of Technology on Adolescents
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Sequential combination of azacitidine and lenalidomide in del(5q) higher-risk myelodysplastic syndromes or acute myeloid leukemia: a phase I study

Sequential combination of azacitidine and lenalidomide in del(5q) higher-risk myelodysplastic syndromes or acute myeloid leukemia: a phase I study

Topic: Acute Myeloid Leukemia Research
Subfield: Hematology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
10 Downing Street: who’s next? Seemingly unrelated regressions to forecast UK election results

In recent years, the British polling industry has encountered difficulties in its attempts to measure voting intentions in important popular consultations, notably the 2014 referendum on Scottish independence, the 2015 UK general election, and the 2016 EU membership referendum. In such a context, it is extremely valuable to explore how different forecasting models that rely on political and economic variables can be used to predict the outcome of elections. In this paper, we propose such a model by introducing a political economy equation to estimate the vote share obtained by the incumbent party in UK general elections three months before the vote as well as a set of seemingly unrelated regressions (SUR) to forecast the results of the Official Opposition, the Liberal Democrats, and the remaining parties.

Topic: Electoral Systems and Political Participation
Subfield: Political Science and International Relations
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Anatomical background of ovine kidney for use as animal model: analysis of arterial segmentation, proportional volume of each segment and arterial injury after cranial pole partial nephrectomy

The segmental distribution of renal artery, the proportional volume of each segment and arterial injuries after cranial pole resection in ovine kidneys are different from what is observed in human kidneys. Meanwhile, ovine kidneys show a primary segmental division on anterior and posterior, as in humans, but different from swine. These anatomical characteristics should be considered when using ovine as animal models for renal experimental and/or training procedures.

Topic: Organ Donation and Transplantation
Subfield: Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
A Domain of Methylation Change at the Albumin Locus in Rat Hepatoma Cell Variants

A well-differentiated rat hepatoma cell line, Fu5-5, yields variant clones whose rate of secretion of serum albumin ranges from 40 to less than 0.08 micrograms of albumin/mg of cell protein per 48 h. Clones were classified as high producers (10 to 40 micrograms/mg per 48 h), intermediate producers (1 to 10 micrograms/mg per 48 h), low producers (0.1 to 1.0 micrograms/mg per 48 h), and null variants (less than 0.1 micrograms/mg per 48 h). Albumin synthetic rates are proportional to secretion rates and range from 0.9 to less than 0.002% of total protein synthesis as measured by pulse-labeling. Steady-state albumin mRNA levels were measured by filter hybridization of fragmented, end-labeled mRNA and by Northern blotting. Message levels are proportional to albumin synthetic rates except for a high producer in which albumin mRNA is less elevated than the synthetic rate. The extent of methylation was quantitated at each of 24 CpG-containing sites or site clusters at the albumin locus. These sites span a region that contains the albumin gene as well as 10 kilobases of the 5' flank and 1 kilobase of the 3' flank. An 8-kilobase region is described, with boundaries in the 5' flank and in the middle of the gene, within which all 11 sites examined showed a correlation of undermethylation with the high-producer phenotype. In contrast, 12 of 13 sites outside of this region showed no phenotype correlation. Null variants derived from a high producer underwent de novo methylation of this domain. Six independent hybrid clones derived from the cross of a high producer with a null variant showed extinction of albumin production and hypermethylation of the domain. Apparently these cells retain the capacity for the de novo methylation of these specific sites.

Topic: Cancer-related gene regulation
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Cognitive Performances and Mild Cognitive Impairment in Idiopathic Rapid Eye Movement Sleep Behavior Disorder: Results of a Longitudinal Follow-Up Study

Our findings corroborate evidence that visuospatial abilities constitute the area most affected in idiopathic rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (learning as a stable deficit and copying as an evolving deficit). Cognitive deterioration, involving mainly nonverbal logic, attention, and executive functions, can be observed in rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder follow-up, suggesting an underlying evolving degenerative process. Our data confirm that mild cognitive impairment is frequent in idiopathic rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder. The presence of mild cognitive impairment predicts the eventual risk of developing dementia, which seemed to be associated with parkinsonism.

Topic: Parkinson's Disease Mechanisms and Treatments
Subfield: Neurology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
SUBSETS OF POSITIVE AND FINITE MULTIFRACTAL MEASURES

Sets of infinite multifractal measures are awkward to work with, and reducing them to sets of positive finite multifractal measures is a very useful simplification. The aim of this paper is to show that the multifractal Hausdorff measures satisfy the “subset of positive and finite measure” property. We apply our main result to prove that the multifractal function dimension is defined as the supremum over the multifractal dimension of all Borel probability measures.

Topic: Complex Systems and Time Series Analysis
Subfield: Economics and Econometrics
Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance
Domain: Social Sciences
The humoral virus-neutralizing response resulting from "CHADOX1 S" in persons living with HIV in Bulgaria

The widespread propagation of SARS-CoV-2 necessitated the development of vaccines, both for healthy individuals and for people with comorbidities. The aim of this article was to present data on the post-vaccination virus-neutralizing response in people living with HIV (PLHIV) in Bulgaria, two months after the second dose of ChAdOx1 S vector vaccine. Totally 40 PLHIV had been vaccinated, 36/40 received a full vaccination course and finally, 32/40 participated in the study. The results were compared to 19 “healthy controls”, also with a completed vaccination protocol. All 32 patients were on antiretroviral therapy at the time of vaccination, most of them (27/32, 84%) had undetectable viral loads and the remaining 5/32 (15%) had a temporary spike up to 400 copies/ml. CD4+ T-lymphocytes counts in 31 of PLHIV group were &gt;350 cells/mm3; one of them had 190 CD4+ T cells/mm3, but this did not affect the antibody response (93.29%). Sera of all participants were tested by blocking ELISA with the “SARS-CoV-2 cPassTM GenScript neutralizing antibody detection kit”. The results expressing the % of neutralization were interpreted as follows: &lt;30% - were considered negative, and those &gt;= 30% - positive. Positive results were also found in the “control” group, where 10/19 examined showed &gt;90% presence of neutralization antibodies. This study confirms the high efficacy of the ChAdOx1S vector vaccine and the excellent humoral response in the PLHIV. The number of patients included in the study is not high, but the results, together with the literature data demonstrate the effectiveness and the need for priority vaccination of PLHIV.

Topic: Immunodeficiency and Autoimmune Disorders
Subfield: Immunology
Field: Immunology and Microbiology
Domain: Life Sciences
Geography of The Pre-Columbian Maya

Abstract The ancient Maya region was larger than modern Italy, a little smaller than France. Extending from the Pacific coast across to the Caribbean Sea and the Gulf of Mexico and covering the land from the Isthmus of Tehuantepec south into western El Salvador and Honduras, the region spanned 390,000 square kilometers (150,540 square miles). Even today, the region is inhabited by millions of Maya. The land is full of contrasting environments, from tropical low-lands to snow-covered mountain peaks, from near desert dryness to drenching wet, and from porous limestone to volcanic ash–enriched soils. The contrast in environment and natural resources between the highlands and the low-lands encouraged trade and cultural exchange.

Topic: Latin American history and culture
Subfield: Visual Arts and Performing Arts
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
O2‐02‐07: The PerCEN Study: Supporting Client and Care Outcomes in the Residential Dementia Care Setting.

Achieving QOL and QOC in dementia are recognised as two of the Australian Government health and aged care research priorities. Literature suggests that quality of life (QOL), quality of care (QOC) and Behavioural and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia (BPSD) can be improved by relatively simple and inexpensive person-centred approaches to nursing care practices (PCC) and modifications to physical environment (PCE). 3-year cluster randomized controlled trial in 38 Australian dementia care homes with 605 consented residents over 60 years with dementia and 380 consenting permanent direct care staff (ANZCTR 12608000095369), using a factorial group-randomised, cohort design with stratification to evaluate the main effects of PCC and PCE and their joint effects (PCC+PCE), compared with Usual Care (UC) and Usual Environment (UE). The main study outcomes were Quality of Life (QoL) and reduction in Behavioural and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia (BPSD) in residents with dementia, and improvement in care services (QoC), and the efficacy and cost effectiveness of implementing PCC and PCE in these care services After adjusting for stratification and other potential confounders the evidence of the effectiveness of PCC occurred through observed and reported decreases in the person's incidence and severity of ill-being and BPSD and an increase in their levels of well-being and quality of life. The evidence supporting PCE was the environment's capacity to enhance QoL by supporting the residents’ personal strengths, reducing unnecessary demands on their areas of limitation, and supporting staff's ability to provide QoC. Quality of life (QOL), quality of care (QOC) and Behavioural and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia (BPSD) are able to be improved for persons with dementia living in aged care homes through a whole of system approach to PCC. As well PCE will enable staff to provide PCC and assist the person with dementia to explore and use the environment in order to maintain activities of daily living, including social activity, and be provided with more opportunities to engage in meaningful relationships.

Topic: Geriatric Care and Nursing Homes
Subfield: General Health Professions
Field: Health Professions
Domain: Health Sciences
A cooperative multitasking model for networked sensors

This paper proposes a concurrency model which integrates the asynchronous and event-driven nature of networked sensors with a more familiar programming style for the developer. We argue that coroutines can provide a basis for this integration and describe some details of its implementation, which was developed as an extension to the TinyOS operating system.

Topic: Energy Efficient Wireless Sensor Networks
Subfield: Computer Networks and Communications
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Alyssum oxycarpum Boiss. & Balansa

Alyssum oxycarpum Boiss. & Balansa in Boiss., Diagn. Pl. Orient. ser. 2, 5: 35. 1856.  Odontarrhena oxycarpa (Boiss. & Balansa) Španiel et al. in Pl. Syst. Evol. 301: 2486. 2015. Type: “Hab. in regione alpinâ inferiori montis Masmeneudagh inter Taurum et urbem Caesaream, legit fructiferum Aug. cl. Balansa”. Holotypus: TURKEY: “Region alpine inférieure du Masmeneu-Dagh, à 25 lieues au SSO. de Césarée”, 8.VIII.1855, Balansa 427 (G-BOIS [G00332333]; iso-: BM [BM000595315], G [G00446152, G00446153], GH [GH00018569, GH00018569], JE [JE00001879], K [K000484850, K000484851], OXF, P [P02272323, P02272324], W [W18890076143], WAG [WAG0004264]) (Fig. 18, p. 62). Note. – The holotype is a collection folder of two sheets, of which the first has a printed label with the exsiccatae number 427 (Fig. 18, p. 62) and the second sheet has handwritten label by Balansa that carries the field number 167. All isotypes carry printed labels with the exsiccatae number 427.

Topic: Phonocardiography and Auscultation Techniques
Subfield: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences