jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Biphasic Modulation by ACTH‐Like Peptides of Protein Synthesis in a Cell‐Free System from Rat Brain

Abstract— Brain protein synthesis in a cell‐free system was stimulated by 10 8 m ‐ACTH 1‐24 . This stimulatory effect was completely inhibited by aurintricar‐boxylic acid (ATA), an inhibitor of reinitiation of new peptide chains. The N‐terminal peptide sequence 4‐ 10 exerted a biphasic modulation of cell‐free protein synthesis, i.e., a stimulation at low concentrations (10 −8 and 10 −10 m ) and an inhibition at a high concentration (10 −4 m ). The d ‐isomer, ACTH 4‐10 ‐7‐ d ‐phe, also showed a biphasic modulation that, however, was in a direction opposite to that shown by ACTH 4‐10 ‐7‐ l ‐pheat 10 −8 m and 10 −4 m .

Topic: Biotin and Related Studies
Subfield: Cell Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Fabrication of a Thermosensitive In Situ Gel Nanoemulsion for Nose to Brain Delivery of Temozolomide

In this study, a thermosensitive in situ gel nanoemulsion was formulated by a low energy method for intranasal delivery of temozolomide to bypass the blood-brain barrier and optimize chemotherapy for glioblastoma. Various amounts of Labrasol, Transcutol®P, and Triacetin were chosen as nanoemulsion components based on the solubility and the partial pseudoternary phase diagrams studies. Poloxamer derivatives added to the selected nanoemulsion and gelling temperature optimized. The prepared in situ gel nanoemulsion containing temozolomide showed a mean droplet size of <a:math xmlns:a="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M1"> <a:mn>16.25</a:mn> <a:mo>±</a:mo> <a:mn>0.44</a:mn> <a:mtext> </a:mtext> <a:mtext>nm</a:mtext> </a:math> , a polydispersity index value of <c:math xmlns:c="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M2"> <c:mn>0.35</c:mn> <c:mo>±</c:mo> <c:mn>0.01</c:mn> </c:math> , and desirable pH and viscosity. In vitro release studies revealed that both nanoemulsion and in situ gel preparation have sustained release pattern in comparison to the control solution. Visual evaluation and droplet size and polydispersity index measurements showed both nanoemulsion and in situ gel nanoemulsion were stable during heating-cooling and freeze-thaw cycles and also centrifugation. Mucoadhesion percentage of in situ gel nanoemulsion was <e:math xmlns:e="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M3"> <e:mn>37.037</e:mn> <e:mo>±</e:mo> <e:mn>2.32</e:mn> </e:math> regarding ex vivo studies, which had a significant rise in comparison to control solution and nanoemulsion. Permeation across the nasal mucosa was 1.43- and 1.52-fold higher than the control solution for nanoemulsion and in situ nanoemulsion, respectively. Gamma scintigraphy study showed brain accumulation of developed nanoemulsion formulations. Our studies demonstrated optimized formulation has suitable physicochemical properties, desirable release profile, enhanced permeation across the nasal mucosa, and prolonged resistance time at the nasal mucosa. Therefore, in situ gel nanoemulsion would be an effective novel nasal delivery system for the treatment of glioblastoma.

Topic: Advanced Drug Delivery Systems
Subfield: Pharmaceutical Science
Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics
Domain: Life Sciences
Angiostrongylus cantonensis

Angiostrongylus cantonensis (Chen, 1933) Site of infection: no specified. Recruitment: ingestion. Distribution: Japan (Uchida 1976; Otsuru 1977; Hasegawa & Asakawa 2004). No specimens in collections. Remarks: This species is parasite of rodents around the world, and can also be parasite of man (Slom et al. 2002).

Topic: Mollusks and Parasites Studies
Subfield: Insect Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
EAHP President signs FIP centennial declaration

European Association of Hospital Pharmacists (EAHP) President Dr Roberto Frontini has joined counterpart heads of international pharmacist associations in signing a new declaration on the role of pharmacists in achieving responsible medicines use across the globe.

The declaration was a highlight of the International Pharmaceutical Federation (FIP) Congress in Amsterdam in October 2012, setting out in its key opening section that: ‘Pharmacists and Pharmaceutical scientists accept responsibility and accountability for improving global health and patient health outcomes by closing gaps in the development, distribution, and responsible use of medicines. Society can contribute to these objectives by supporting the advancement of pharmacy practice and the pharmaceutical sciences’.

In the statement's section on Responsible Use of Medicines, statistics were provided that in many countries up to half of all prescriptions …

Topic: Pharmaceutical Economics and Policy
Subfield: Economics and Econometrics
Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance
Domain: Social Sciences
Mark Twain and his family's health: Livy Clemens' neurasthenia in the gilded age and chronic fatigue syndrome of today.

Our purpose is to compare and contrast the 19th century diagnosis and disease neurasthenia with the contemporary illness known as Chronic Fatigue Syndrome. The health of Mark Twain's wife, Olivia (Livy) Clemens, will then be discussed and evaluated with respect to these two medical conditions.

Topic: American Literature and Humor Studies
Subfield: Literature and Literary Theory
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Cecilia L. Ridgeway: Framed by Gender: How Gender Inequality Persists in the Modern World

The 20th century was marked by the rise and worldwide diffusion of liberal egalitarian social movements, cultural ideals, and bureaucratic forms. Principles of equal opportunity and non-discrimination today garner near-universal affirmation in national and international forums, and women’s free access to labour markets, educational systems, and polities is commonly regarded as a signifier of modernity and social progress. Much progress towards gender equality has indeed been made, with women almost everywhere gaining formal legal equality (e.g. voting rights) and greatly increasing their representation in major public-sphere institutions. But within these institutions—as within families—strong gender differentiation persists. And contrary to conventional modernization accounts, some forms of gender inequality are even more pronounced in affluent reputably gender-progressive societies than in poorer more traditional ones. Why is gender inequality so resilient even in the face of powerful cultural and structural forces towards equality? This is the question at the heart of Cecilia Ridgeway’s new book, Framed by Gender: Why Gender Inequality Persists in the Modern World. By deftly integrating a multilevel theoretical framework with decades of interdisciplinary research, Ridgeway constructs a compelling general account of gender’s persisting force in shaping our perceptions, behaviours, institutions, and opportunities. The book’s main argument is that the persistence of gender inequality is attributable to the ongoing primacy of gender as a frame for organizing social relations and institutions. Gender is one of the fundamental axes of social identity in the contemporary United States (along with race and age), and people rely on widely shared gender stereotypes to coordinate their work tasks and to reduce uncertainty in organizing social encounters. To buttress her arguments, Ridgeway discusses evidence from decades of research on gender beliefs and status hierarchies, including from her own experimental work that builds on the ‘expectations states’ theoretical tradition.

Topic: Gender Politics and Representation
Subfield: Gender Studies
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
لولی و انگریزی عہد ٹی براہوئی رزمیہ شاعری نا جائزہ

Loli (lulling) carries a great deal of significance in the literature of all parts of the world. A mother sings songs, prays and wished her baby in a way in which she longs to see it (her baby) in future. Such songs, prays and wishes of a mother for her baby are known as lulling in the worlds of literature. There cannot be a single mother who does not lull her baby. In Brahui the word “loli” might have been derived from ‘lodo’ (Rocking/shaking). A mother lays her baby in a cradle or on her lap and sings sweetly while rocking it, as a result of this the baby falls asleep. However, unfortunately, the practice of lulling is dwindling in modern large cities. Loli is also the history of a nation that includes some stories of timidity, bravery, hardships and scarifies. A mother tells and teaches her baby son that how the brave heroes of his motion faced the dangers, took sword, thought and sacrificed their levies for the sake of their dear mother-land. These stories of brave heroes depicted by loli songs are preserved by writers so as to encourage and raise the morale of the youth.

Topic: Themes in Literature Analysis
Subfield: Literature and Literary Theory
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Mindfulness-based stress reduction for treating chronic headache: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Background Mindfulness-based stress reduction/cognitive therapy are frequently used for pain-related conditions, but their effects on headache remain uncertain. This review aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of mindfulness-based stress reduction/cognitive therapy in reducing the symptoms of chronic headache. Data sources and study selection MEDLINE/PubMed, Scopus, CENTRAL, and PsychINFO were searched to 16 June 2017. Randomized controlled trials comparing mindfulness-based stress reduction/cognitive therapy with usual care or active comparators for migraine and/or tension-type headache, which assessed headache frequency, duration or intensity as a primary outcome, were eligible for inclusion. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane Tool. Results Five randomized controlled trials (two on tension-type headache; one on migraine; two with mixed samples) with a total of 185 participants were included. Compared to usual care, mindfulness-based stress reduction/cognitive therapy did not improve headache frequency (three randomized controlled trials; standardized mean difference = 0.00; 95% confidence interval = −0.33,0.32) or headache duration (three randomized controlled trials; standardized mean difference = −0.08; 95% confidence interval = −1.03,0.87). Similarly, no significant difference between groups was found for pain intensity (five randomized controlled trials; standardized mean difference = −0.78; 95% confidence interval = −1.72,0.16). Conclusions Due to the low number, small scale and often high or unclear risk of bias of included randomized controlled trials, the results are imprecise; this may be consistent with either an important or negligible effect. Therefore, more rigorous trials with larger sample sizes are needed.

Topic: Migraine and Headache Studies
Subfield: Psychiatry and Mental health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Development of systemwide pedestrian safety performance function using stratified random sampling and a proxy measure of pedestrian exposure

The lack of pedestrian counts at a systemwide level prompts the need to find other innovative ways of assessing pedestrian traffic crash risks using proxy measures of exposure. This study aims to formulate the methodology for developing pedestrian safety performance functions (SPF) using the proxy measure of pedestrian exposure and stratified random sampling. The case study was all urban intersections in Michigan State that comprise of collector and arterial roads. The stratified random sampling strategy was deployed to select the sample which is representative of all urban intersections in the state of Michigan. Factor analysis was used to develop a proxy measure of pedestrian exposure at urban intersections using a walkability measure (walk score), among other factors. The performances of various count models were compared using the goodness of fit measures based on the Akaike's Information Criterion (AIC), Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC), and Vuong test. The final pedestrian SPFs was formulated using the Zero-Inflated Poisson (ZIP) model with AADT at a major approach, AADT at the minor approach, and a proxy measure of pedestrian exposure. The proposed methodology in this study can benefit transportation agencies that have embarked on systemwide planning of pedestrian facilities to improve the safety of pedestrians but lack systemwide analytical tools and pedestrian counts to make data-driven decisions.

Topic: Traffic and Road Safety
Subfield: Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
POLITICAL AGENDA TOWARDS WELL-BEING AND SOCIAL COHESION IN THE GOVERNMENT OF THE FOURTH TRANSFORMATION IN MEXICO

The study of political communication that occurs from social networks has focused almost exclusivelyon the effectiveness of these platforms as electoral tools.However, the understanding of what we can understand as a public and political digital place, fromwhich inputs can be obtained to improve the decision and design processes and monitoring of publicpolicies, seems to be still unattended.This study aims to argue the existence of a “digital political territory”, where it is not only possibleto deploy political action, but it is also possible to find -recognize and analyze, by means of big datatechniques- deliberative elements of the politic discussion, which could serve as inputs for public actionsand decisions (beyond merely electoral ones).For this we identified six specific characteristics, whose cumulative presence would make up the digitalpolitical territory, and we argued that it would only be on Twitter where we can find those characte-ristics.

Topic: Communication and COVID-19 Impact
Subfield: Communication
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Pengaruh Kompetensi dan Motivasi Kerja terhadap Kepuasan Kerja Pegawai Aparatur Sipil Negara (ASN) Dinas XYZ Kabupaten Sumedang

Employee job satisfaction ensures the sustainability and success of an organization. Satisfied employees will be loyal to their company and remain positive at work, meaning they will not replace their current job with a better one. According to findings from observations made at Dinas XYZ Kabupaten Sumedang, some employees are dissatisfied with their jobs as indicated by an increase in unexplained absence data. Two other factors that can affect job satisfaction are their competence and work motivation. The purpose of this study is to determine competence and work motivation that affect job satisfaction of ASN Dinas XYZ Kabupaten Sumedang. This research applies a quantitative approach. The research respondents were ASN employees of Dinas XYZ Kabupaten Sumedang, totaling 48 people. Data analysis applied includes descriptive methods and associative with multiple regression analysis and the coefficient of determination. The findings of the study partially competence has a positive effect on employee job satisfaction, as well as work motivation. Simultaneously, competence and work motivation affect job satisfaction. Keywords: Competence, Work Motivation, Job Satisfactio

Topic: Employee Performance and Motivation
Subfield: Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management
Field: Business, Management and Accounting
Domain: Social Sciences
Brief Review for Multi-Class Brain Tumor Diseases Schemes Using Machine Learning Techniques

Brain tumor diseases have had a considerable impact worldwide, affecting millions of individuals of different age groups, including both children and adults above 20 years old. Due to they are more needed in people’s lives, using the method based classifying brain tumors by machine learning schemes has become necessary. However, healthcare applications face challenges in identifying the most suitable classification-based metric, such as accuracy, due to the utilization of recent datasets. This study paper aims to provide a thorough evaluation of computational intelligence strategies used in tumor diagnosis. Several successful data mining techniques have been implemented, including wavelet analysis and spatial pixel modulation techniques. Furthermore, feature extraction and reduction techniques, such as the Grey Level Co-occurrence Matrix (GLCM), have been used to prepare the features for classification. Magnetic resonance imaging scan (MRI) is frequently utilized for the diagnosis of brain tumor diseases which is highly applied for classification-based machine learning, The review paper was focused on gliomas, meningiomas, and pituitary adenoma diseases. Technically, the usage of kernel principal component KPCA analysis with the proposed adaptive back propagation neural network scheme produced better performance-based classification metrics, (i.e:99.84%) for the accuracy metric. The aforementioned review articles have demonstrated that usage of the machine learning-based health care applications (brain diseases) classification widely assists the patient’s outcome and operations inside the hospitals. In summary, the paper has highlighted the importance of machine learning schemes for brain tumor detection and classification, and it also provided a comprehensive analysis and comparison of the state-of-the-art to show the methods such as ;(feature extraction, feature reduction), pros, cons, and the contributions for each of them. The paper's results are considered an advantageous starting point for future works.

Topic: Brain Tumor Detection and Classification
Subfield: Neurology
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences
Les écrits de Luc et les événements de 70. Problèmes de datation

The Lukan writings and the events of 70. Dating problems Is Luke later than the fall of Jerusalem (+ 70) ? The prediction of 19, 40-44 and 21, 20-24, being fulfilled, are considered as "Vaticinatio ex eventu". But F. Josephus and intertestamental writings testify that between — 63 and + 70 the idea of a siege of the City was in everybody's mind. The verses of Luke seem ancient. They refer to the events of — 586, not + 70. They are not connected with Mark. The Gospel of Luke is earlier than the "Acts" and the "Acts" are earlier than + 64. Luke could date back to + 60.

Topic: Biblical Studies and Interpretation
Subfield: Religious studies
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
[Assessment of functional food of general version of diet in cardiac hospital].

The efficacy of functional food was evaluated in general embodiment diet of cardiological hospital in patients receiving oxygen-containing products (oxygen smoothies) based on protein-carbohydrate raw materials (dairy whey) with dietary fiber. 60 patients were included in local open, prospective, parallel-group study; among them 36 men and 24 women aged 60-75 years, meeting the following criteria: patients with chronic heart failure I-IV functional class, are hospitalized in the cardiology department, have no contraindications to enteral oxygen therapy and sign an informed consent form. The main group comprised 30 patients, which along with standard therapy received enteral oxygen therapy. 30 patients from the control group received standard therapy and aerated non-oxygen mixture (placebo). Standard therapy included cardioprotective drugs, diuretics and concomitant therapy (enzyme preparations) depended upon the clinical status of the patient. Patients received 500 ml of a cocktail within 10-15 minutes daily for 10 days for 1-1,5 hours before the main meal. The studies revealed the most pronounced clinical effect of enteral oxygen therapy in relation to clinical symptoms and side effects caused by drug administrations. After 3-4 procedures patients with chronic heart failure treated with enteral oxygen therapy had a decrease in fatigue, increase physical performance, improve appetite, emotional lability. By the end the positive dynamics of oxygen therapy on the above grounds was detected in 90% of patients. Monitoring pulse oximetry showed a significant increase of oxygen saturation as a result of the course of enteral oxygen therapy: oxygen saturation increased from 98.13 ± 0.13 to 99.17 ± 0.13% (p < 0.001) while in the control group from 98.12 ± 0.20 to 98.19 ± 0.19% (p < 0.01). Physical activity increased from 318 ± 15 to 389 ± 13 m (p < 0.001), in the control group--from 331 ± 17 to 362 ± 15 m (p < 0.05) in the main group on the test results with the 6-minutes walk test. In the main group dyspnea Borg changed from 11 to 7 scores as compared to the control group--from 11 to 9 scores. Analysis of the results showed the advisability of incorporating developed oxygen-containing products in diet therapy of cardiac patients to reduce the severity of side effects from taking of drugs administration to normalize the process of digestion, to improve the overall health of patients.

Topic: Nutrition and Health in Aging
Subfield: Physiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Obstacles to the Implementation of Antiemetic Guidelines

Although guidelines help physicians deliver high quality clinical care, they will have minimal impact unless familiarity and adherence are achieved. Although nausea and vomiting are highly feared toxicities of chemotherapy that markedly decrease patient quality of life, modifications in physician behavior and improvements in standards of care, particularly in terms of preventing delayed emesis, have been slow. Variations in format, goals, physician education, and institutional education may all affect guideline implementation and state-of-the-art care. The relationship between these factors and the scientific basis of antiemetic guidelines must be considered to achieve optimal results and compliance.

Topic: Nausea and vomiting management
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
The optimal type of online channel considering showrooming

Considering the common market phenomenon "showrooming", this paper studies the optimal type of online channel under the supply chain with one manufacturer and two retail channels. There are two types of online channel, which are the reseller channel and the marketplace channel. Our conclusions are as follows. In the presence of showrooming, first, the marketplace channel increases the profit of the supply chain; second, if the platform fee is not high enough, the manufacturer prefers to adopt the marketplace channel; finally, if the platform fee is intermediate, the marketplace channel is a win-win strategy for the manufacturer and the online retailer. In the absence of showrooming, if the platform fee is low enough, the marketplace channel increases the profit of the supply chain; if the platform fee is high enough, the reseller channel increases the profit of the supply chain.

Topic: Supply Chain and Inventory Management
Subfield: Management Information Systems
Field: Business, Management and Accounting
Domain: Social Sciences
CCDC 643880: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.

Topic: Crystallization and Solubility Studies
Subfield: Materials Chemistry
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences