jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
HUBUNGAN KECEMASAN DENGAN KUALITAS TIDUR PADA PASIEN PRE OPERASI TRANSURETHRAL RESECTION OF THE PROSTATE (TURP) DI RUMAH SAKIT UMUM IMELDA PEKERJA INDONESIA MEDAN

Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) is an enlargement of the prostate gland that generally occurs in older men and if left untreated can lead to complications. BPH can be treated with a medical procedure, namely the Transurethral Resection of the Prostate (TURP) surgical procedure. Before the action, the patient will experience anxiety. Anxiety arises because of excessive fear that can affect the quality of sleep. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between anxiety and sleep quality in patients with preoperative Transurethral Resection of the Prostate (TURP). The research design used was cross sectional. The sample is 31 respondents of preoperative patients at Rumah Sakit Umum Imelda Pekerja Indonesia Medan with the sampling technique used is accidental sampling. The research data was collected using the Hamilton Scale for Anxiety (HRS-A) questionnaire and The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaire. Data were analyzed by Spearman Rho correlation test. The results showed that there was a relationship between anxiety and sleep quality in patients with preoperative Transurethral Resection of the Prostate (TURP) (p=0.000, r=0.907). The results of this study can recommend that the need for nursing actions that can reduce anxiety so that the patient's sleep quality can be better.&#x0D; &#x0D; Abstrak&#x0D; Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) adalah pembesaran kelenjar prostat yang pada umumnya terjadi pada pria yang lebih tua dan apabila tidak diobati dapat menyebabkan komplikasi. BPH dapat ditangani dengan tindakan medis yaitu prosedur pembedahan Transurethral Resection of the Prostate (TURP). Sebelum dilakukan tindakan tersebut, pasien akan mengalami kecemasan. Kecemasan timbul karena rasa takut berlebih yang dapat mempengaruhi kualitas tidur. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui hubungan kecemasan dengan kualitas tidur pada pasien pre operasi Transurethral Resection of the Prostate (TURP). Desain penelitian yang digunakan Cross Sectional. Sampel adalah 31 responden pasien pre operasi di Rumah Sakit Umum Imelda Pekerja Indonesia Medan dengan teknik pengambilan sampel adalah teknik accidental sampling. Pengumpulan data penelitian menggunakan kuesioner Hamilton Scale for Anxiety (HRS-A) dan kuesioner The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Data dianalisis dengan uji korelasi Spearman Rho. Hasil didapatkan ada hubungan kecemasan dengan kualitas tidur pada pasien pre operasi Transurethral Resection of the Prostate (TURP) (p=0,000, r=0,907). Hasil penelitian ini dapat merekomendasikan bahwa perlunya tindakan keperawatan yang dapat mengurangi kecemasan agar kualitas tidur pasien dapat menjadi lebih baik.

Topic: Methodologies in Health Research and Practice
Subfield: Health Information Management
Field: Health Professions
Domain: Health Sciences
Peer Review #1 of "Phylogeography of Swertia perennis in Europe based on cpDNA markers (v0.1)"

Background.Swertia perennis (Gentianaceae) is a perennial diploid and clonal plant species that is discontinuously distributed in peat bogs in the mountains of Europe, Asia and North America as well as in the lowlands of Europe.The current geographical dispersion of S. perennis is probably the result of quaternary climatic changes that have played an important role in determining the distribution of Swertia and other plant and animal species.Methods.In this study we used molecular techniques and combined data from chloroplast DNA markers (trnLF region and trnH-psbA spacer) to elucidate the phylogeography of S. perennis in Europe.Plants were collected from 28 populations in different locations in the lowlands and mountainous areas of Europe (e.g. the Carpathians, Sudetes, Bohemian Forest and Alps).cDNA was analysed to detect the genetic relationship between specimens from different locations.Results.A total of 20 haplotypes were identified across the dataset.They were characterised by a high level of genetic variability but showed a lack of phylogeographical structure.This pattern may be the result of repeated recolonization and expansion from several areas.Such genetic differentiation may also be attributed to the relatively long-term isolation of S. perennis in Pleistocene refugia in Europe, which resulted in independent separation of different cpDNA phylogenetic lineages and variation in the nucleotide composition of cpDNA.Discussion.The lack of strong phylogeographical structure makes it impossible to indicate the centre of haplotype diversity; however, refugia located in the Carpathians, Sudetes or Alps are the most probable sites where S. perennis existed in Europe.This lack of structure may also indicate a high level of gene flow in times when the landscape and fen systems were not fragmented in numerous geographically-isolated populations.This makes it difficult to speculate about the relationships between Asiatic and European plant populations and the origin and distribution of this species in Europe.Today, it seems to be restricted due to the occurrence of plants which clearly reflects the genetic variability from the ancient period.

Topic: Botany and Plant Ecology Studies
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Respuesta del maní (Arachis hypogaea L.) a la inoculación en la Provincia de Córdoba

Nodulation and yield in relation Co groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) seed inoculation was evaluated with four strains of Rhizobium spp., the trials were done on a Haplustol éntico soil Manfredi, Province of Córdoba (Argentina) during 1977/78 and 1978/79. Experimental design was randomized complete block with four replications. Statistical analysis gave no significative difference between treatment and between exper'ments (years) . The nodulation and yield were similar with or without artificial inoculation.

Topic: Agricultural pest management studies
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Dysfunctional Nrf2‐Keap1 redox signaling in the RVLM is linked to obesity‐induced sympathoexcitation

The rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM) is an important region in the brainstem responsible for the tonic and reflex control of sympathetic nerve activity (SNA). Pathological changes at the level of RVLM like oxidative stress has been previously associated with sympathetic nervous system overactivity in obesity. Nuclear factor erythroid 2‐related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a transcription factor that provides cytoprotection against oxidative stress by regulating the expression of antioxidant and anti‐inflammatory genes. Nrf2 bound to Kelch‐like ECH‐associated protein 1 (Keap1) in the cytoplasm is inactive and undergoes proteasomal degradation under normal conditions. In response to oxidative stress, Nrf2 dissociates from Keap1, translocates to the nucleus, and forms a complex with the antioxidant response elements (AREs) and small musculoaponeurotic fibrosarcoma protein (smaf) leading to the transcription of multiple antioxidant genes. Previous studies from our lab have shown that increased oxidative stress is associated with Nrf2 dysfunction leading to decreased expression of Nrf2 antioxidant target enzymes in the RVLM of obese mice. The molecular mechanisms of Keap1 in Nrf2 dysfunction and the phenotype of cells undergoing Nrf2 dysfunction at the level of the RVLM in obese animals are unclear. To address these questions, we performed immunofluorescence in 20µm RVLM brainstem sections of C57BL/6J mice fed with a high‐fat diet (60kcal% fat) and a chow diet (10kcal% fat) for a period of 16 weeks to investigate the expression of Nrf2 and Keap1. Immunofluorescence showed a higher expression of Keap1 and lower expression of Nrf2 in the RVLM of obese mice when compared with their lean counterparts. To determine the type of cells undergoing Nrf2 dysfunction, an in‐vitro cell culture model was developed with human brainstem astrocytes. We hypothesized that brainstem astrocytes are more susceptible to Nrf2 dysfunction mediated oxidative stress. In this experiment, hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) was used to mimic diet‐induced oxidative stress. Cultured human brainstem astrocytes were treated with H 2 O 2 at the dose rate of 300μM for 2 hrs. Nrf2 and Keap1 levels were assessed by gene expression analysis at the end of 5 days. Data was analyzed by unpaired student's t‐test and a p‐value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. The results showed that H 2 O 2 treatment significantly increased the gene expression levels of Keap1 in human brainstem astrocytes with a trend towards a decrease in the expression of Nrf2. Our results suggest that in obesity, Nrf2‐Keap1 dysfunction could occur in astrocytes leading to decreased antioxidant defenses and increased oxidative stress in the RVLM which in turn can cause sympathoexcitation. Future in vivo gene transfer studies will investigate the mechanistic role of Nrf2‐Keap1 pathway in obesity‐induced sympathoexcitation.

Topic: Genomics, phytochemicals, and oxidative stress
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Catalogue of the Greek and Roman Lamps in the British Museum. By H. B. Walters. London: Trustees of the British Museum, 1914. Pp. xl + 240, with 43 Plates.

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Topic: Archaeological Research and Protection
Subfield: Space and Planetary Science
Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences
Domain: Physical Sciences
Supplementary Data Figure S1 from KDM5C-Mediated Recruitment of BRD4 to Chromatin Regulates Enhancer Activation and BET Inhibitor Sensitivity

&lt;p&gt;BRD4 is a vulnerability of KDM5C deficient tumor cells.&lt;/p&gt;

Topic: Protein Degradation and Inhibitors
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Decay Characteristics of Neutron Excess Silicon Nuclei

In neutron star mergers, neutron excess nuclei and the r-process are important factors governing the production of heavier nuclear systems. A single-particle model evaluation of silicon nuclei suggests that the heaviest Z = 14 nucleus will have a mass of 54 with the filling of the 1f5/2 neutron shell. A = 43 – 54 silicon isotopes have limited experimental half-life data, but the model predicts beta decay half-lives in the range of 0.442 – 8.06 ms. Based on previous calculations for Z = 9-13, 20, 26, and 30 systems, and comparisons to the 43Si, 44Si, 46Si, and 48Si calculations summarized in the Japanese Nuclear Data Compilation, the single-particle model results likely overestimate the half-lives of A = 43 – 54 neutron excess silicon nuclei.

Topic: Insurance, Mortality, Demography, Risk Management
Subfield: Demography
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
A Kernel-Based Probabilistic Collaborative Representation for Face Recognition

A novel classifier for face recognition using an improved probabilistic collaborative representation named IPCR is proposed in this paper. The purpose of this paper is to improve the accuracy of face recognition. The testing sample is assumed to be linearly combined by a part of training samples in feature space. There is two-phase framework in IPCR. In the first phase, an adjusted parameter of the nearest neighbors of the samples is chosen for classification. In the second phase, a linear combination of the features and the sparse coefficients are used for new patterns. In the process of two-phase framework, the weight matrix is obtained according to the distance between all the training samples and each testing sample, and then it is applied to weight probabilistic collaborative representation coefficients. The kernel trick is implemented for the high-dimensional nonlinear information instead of linear information of data to improve the class separability. The second classifier named KPCR uses a kernel probabilistic collaborative representation for face recognition. Several renowned face databases, e.g., AR, GT, PIE, FERET, and LFW-crop are used for evaluating the performances of the proposed classifiers. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed classifiers outperform the collaborative representation-based classification (CRC), the probabilistic collaborative representation-based classifier (ProCRC), and the other state-of-the-art classifiers in recognition accuracy.

Topic: Face and Expression Recognition
Subfield: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
New law bans selling of products with unjustified health claims

Consumers in the United Kingdom are to receive stronger legal safeguards against products that claim, without any identifiable scientific evidence, to provide physical and mental health benefits such as tackling obesity or depression.

The protection will be provided by the consumer protection regulations that come into force on 26 May, which implement new pan-European rules on unfair commercial practices.

The scope of the legislation is deliberately wide and is the biggest shake up in consumer law for decades. It targets any unfair selling to consumers by any business. It is designed to …

Topic: Health Services Management and Policy
Subfield: General Health Professions
Field: Health Professions
Domain: Health Sciences
[Dependence of the pump function of the isolated rat heart on the functional activity of sigma receptors during reperfusion].

Pre-treatment of the sigma-receptor with the sigma-receptor agonist (+)-SKF 10.047 improved the reperfusion recovery of cardiac pump function. The sigma-receptor activation, among other effects, prevented the reperfusion contracture, increased pressure in the left ventricle, and improved survival of cardiomyocytes after ischemia/reperfusion. Pre-treatment with the sigma-receptor antagonist DuP 734 augmented the reperfusion systolic dysfunction of the myocardium and prevented postischemic contractures and cardiac cell lesions. Activation of the cardiac sigma-receptor seems to prompt an augmentation of tolerance to the reperfusion damage.

Topic: Pharmacological Receptor Mechanisms and Effects
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Family Environment of Individuals with Oral Clefts in Argentina

Objective The purpose of this investigation was to study the social environment of families of children with different types of nonsyndromic oral clefts (OC) and to compare these groups with a control population of families of children without clefts. Design The study compared three nonsyndromic oral cleft groups and the control group using the Moos Family Environment Scale, which examines cohesion, expressiveness, conflict, independence, achievement-orientation, intellectual-cultural orientation, active-recreational orientation, moral-religious emphasis, organization, and control. Setting All parents of children with nonsyndromic oral clefts from a large craniofacial clinic in Buenos Aires, Argentina, were identified and were enrolled in this study between June 2000 and August 2001. Control families were ascertained from the pediatrics service of a hospital located in the vicinity of the craniofacial clinic. Participants One hundred and sixty-five parents were selected, based on having a child with nonsyndromic unilateral cleft lip with or without cleft palate (UCL/P), bilateral cleft lip with or without cleft palate (BCL/P), or isolated cleft palate (ICP). One hundred and eighty control parents with no family history of congenital anomalies were selected, as well. Results There was no major difference in the social environment of families of children with different types of nonsyndromic oral clefts. When compared with families in the control group, families of children with nonsyndromic oral clefts scored better in all three subdimensions of family relationship, revealed a high level of independence, and showed better structure and organization than control families did; however, families of children with nonsyndromic oral clefts reported participating in fewer recreational activities. Conclusions Overall, families of children with nonsyndromic oral clefts displayed a good social environment. Efforts should be focused to involve them in recreational activities.

Topic: Cleft Lip and Palate Research
Subfield: Genetics
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
In Silico Analysis of Antibacterial Activity of Fatty Acids in Swietenia humilis Zucc. Seed Extract Against Staphylococcus aureus sortase A enzyme

This study utilised molecular docking to predict the binding affinity of various fatty acids (FAs) found in Swietenia humilis to the sortase A (SrtA) protein target from Staphylococcus aureus. Binding energies, measured in kcal/mol, indicated the strength and stability of ligand-protein interactions, with lower values signifying stronger binding. The binding affinities of eight FAs as the active constituents in n-hexane extract of S. humilis and the positive control, gentamicin, were compared to assess their theoretical antibacterial activity. Palmitoleic acid exhibited the strongest binding affinity (-5.6 kcal/mol) among the FAs, suggesting the highest potential antibacterial activity, followed by linoleic, palmitic, linolenic, arachidic, tricosanoic, stearic, and oleic acids in decreasing order of affinity. Despite having weaker binding energies than gentamicin, a common gram-positive inhibitor from aminoglycoside derivative, FAs showed multiple hydrogen bonds and van der Waals interactions with key residues like ARG197, VAL168, VAL166, and ILE182, contributing to their binding stability. Palmitoleic acid formed multiple hydrogen bonds (ARG197 and GLY119) and significant van der Waals interactions, highlighting its strong theoretical binding. Stearic and oleic acids, although having higher binding energies, also formed critical hydrogen bonds, suggesting moderate potential activity. Gentamicin's single hydrogen bond suggests a highly specific binding site, which may result in high antibacterial activity despite fewer interaction points. The study indicated that FAs like palmitoleic and oleic acid show substantial potential as supplementary antibacterial agents, especially in the context of combating antibiotic resistance. This finding can pave a path for drug design and development to address the S. aureus's resistance.

Topic: Phytochemical compounds biological activities
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Microbial modulation of metabolic diseases

The gut microbiota, the ensemble of microorganisms living in the gastrointestinal tract, and the host have a mutualist relationship. Alterations of this delicate equilibrium can lead to changes in microbiota composition and/or function leading to the onset of metabolic diseases (e.g., type 2 diabetes and non-alcoholic fatty liver diseases). The current knowledge of host-microbiota interaction, in health and disease, is limited. Here, by using a translational science approach, we were able to identify some of the mechanisms underlying the influence of the microbiota on impaired glucose and lipid metabolism. Specifically: \nIn Paper I, I explored the microbiota-host interaction and its effect on glucose metabolism. Particularly, by performing colonization of germ-free mice, I studied the effect on glucose metabolism over time. I investigated the different molecular mechanisms underlying the impaired metabolic profile induced by the colonization over time. These findings provide fundamental information on how to conduct studies on microbiota and metabolic diseases.\nIn Paper II, I identified a novel microbially-produced molecule, imidazole propionate, which is increased in the portal vein of subjects with type 2 diabetes. I demonstrated causality of this molecule in impaired glucose metabolism by administering it in both in-vivo and in-vitro models. Moreover, I identified molecular targets of imidazole propionate in the insulin signaling cascade, specifically on the insulin receptor substrate proteins, and showed that this effect is mediated by activation of the mTOR complex.\nIn Paper III, I investigated whether the gut microbiota composition and function is altered in subjects with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. In presence of steatosis, I observed a shift in microbiota composition characterized by increased abundance of bacteria from the oral cavity, ethanol-producing bacteria, and a reduction in butyrate producing bacteria. On a functional level, I observed an enrichment in functions related to metabolic functions and production of lipopolysaccharides in subjects with steatosis.\nIn conclusion, these findings show that the microbiota is an environmental factor that modulates metabolic diseases. Understanding the mechanisms underlying microbial impacts on host metabolism will aid in discovery of novel targets for the treatment of metabolic diseases in humans.

Topic: Diet and metabolism studies
Subfield: Physiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Small World Initiative: crowdsourcing research of new antibiotics to enhance undergraduate biology teaching (618.41)

The Small World Initiative (SWI) developed at the Center for Scientific Teaching at Yale uses an undergraduate research course approach to crowdsource the search for new antibiotics. The SWI framework has both a research and an educational component. Research consists of culturing soil microbes, screening for antibiotic activity against pathogens, 16s rRNA gene sequencing, and extracting metabolites. The educational component is embedded in the research framework as students take ownership of the project that includes experimental design, data analysis and presentations, while learning core biological concepts within a number of different introductory courses. Giving the students the opportunity to experience the excitement and process of research in the first years of college provides a positive, realistic reflection of science, resulting in higher retention rates within STEM fields. SWI is currently piloted at 25 diverse institutions from around the country, including community colleges and non‐traditional universities. In the pilot phase, student attitudes about learning science, experiences as a scientist, and relationship to a laboratory research project are evaluated using pre‐ and post surveys. We present the framework of the SWI and different implementation strategies as well as preliminary results of both isolation of antibiotic producers and student responses. Grant Funding Source : Supported by The Leona M. and Harry B. Helmsley Charitable Trust, Davis Educational Foundation, HHMI

Topic: Genetics, Bioinformatics, and Biomedical Research
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Liftings of pseudo-reflection groups of toric quotients of Krull schemes

Let $G$ be an affine algebraic group with a reductive identity component $G^{0}$ acting regularly on an affine Krull scheme $X = {Spec} (R)$ over an algebraically closed field. Let $T$ be an algebraic subtorus of $G$ and suppose that ${Q}(R)^{T}= {Q}(R^{T})$ of quotient fields. We will show: If $G$ is the centralizer of $T$ in $G$, then the pseudo-reflections of the action of $G$ on $R^{T}$ can be lifted to those on $R$.

Topic: Algebraic Geometry and Number Theory
Subfield: Geometry and Topology
Field: Mathematics
Domain: Physical Sciences