jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Brain abscess of odontogenic origin in patients with malignant tumors: A report of two cases

Background: Oral infection and dental manipulations can lead to the development of brain abscesses, a rare but potentially life-threatening condition. Herein, we report patients undergoing cancer treatment who developed brain abscesses of odontogenic origin at our hospital. Case Description: Two patients developed brain abscesses during cancer treatment. Both underwent neurosurgical aspiration, and the causative microorganism was identified as Streptococcus intermedius of the Streptococcus anginosus group, which is a part of the normal bacterial flora in the oral cavity. There was clinical and radiographic evidence of dental infection in one of the patients diagnosed with a brain abscess of odontogenic origin. No infectious foci were found in the other patient during hospitalization for the abscess. However, the patient had undergone extraction of an infected tooth approximately 3 months before admission for the abscess, suggesting origination from an oral infection or dental manipulation. The patients’ cancers rapidly worsened because cancer treatment in both patients was interrupted for several months to treat the brain abscess. Conclusion: Oral infections can cause severe infections, such as brain abscesses, particularly during the treatment of malignant tumors. Improving the oral environment or treating oral infections before initiating treatment for malignant tumors is highly recommended. In addition, the possibility of odontogenic origin should always be considered as a potential etiology of brain abscesses.

Topic: Bacterial Infections and Vaccines
Subfield: Microbiology
Field: Immunology and Microbiology
Domain: Life Sciences
Neural respiratory drive measurement for COPD assessment and monitoring.

Currently there is an unmet need for more objective assessments that could determine COPD severity. Ideally such objective assessments could also anticipate COPD exacerbations in order to decrease the need for repeated hospital admissions. In this review we outline how patients' neural respiratory drive (NRD) may be determined using the electromyography of the diaphragm as an objective measurement of COPD severity. Respiratory muscle NRD is indeed less influenced by patients' voluntary effort limitation than for example when testing for exercise tolerance in which case the patients themselves decide when to stop. Exercise tolerance tests are better correlated with muscle weakness rather than COPD severity per se. NRD would also be less dependent upon patients' subjective perception of the severity of their breathlessness. A key further advantage is that recent studies showed that the diaphragm electromyography measurements using electrodes placed on the skin are correlated with those obtained using specific electrodes, therefore this method is non-invasive and more acceptable for routine clinical practice. Thus, NRD measurements could be used in COPD in a similar way as electrocardiography is used to evaluate and monitor ischemic heart disease. NRD measurements could therefore complement more established instruments such as lung function tests, FEV1, exercise tolerance tests, the BODE index etc. in COPD. This could lead to better COPD management and reduce the acute exacerbations which are amongst the most common causes of repeated hospital admissions and consume significant resources.

Topic: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Research
Subfield: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
‘See the Crashing Masses of White Death …’: Greenland, Germany and the Sublime in the ‘Bergfilm’ SOS Eisberg

This chapter traces the history of Arnold Fanck’s <italic>S.O.S Eisberg</italic> (1933), a Hollywood-Germany co-production released in separate versions in English and German by Universal Studios. Starring Leni Riefenstahl, the film tells the story of a scientific expedition lost in Greenlandic ice fjords. Körber considers the film in relation to the rugged, purity-of-nature <italic>Bergfilm</italic> (‘Mountain film’) genre and examines its proto-Nazi leanings, drawing on Siegfried Kracauer’s <italic>From Caligari to Hitler</italic> (1947) and Susan Sontag’s ‘Fascinating Fascism’ (1975). She also analyses Fanck’s perhaps spurious claims about the authenticity of his representation of the Arctic, which were used as promotional material for the film, and signals their connection to the close collaboration with Knud Rasmussen, who was filming <italic>The Wedding of Palo</italic> (1934) in Western Greenland at the same time.

Topic: Narrative Theory and Analysis
Subfield: Literature and Literary Theory
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
In Vitro Assessment of Urinary Isolates of Ampicillin-Resistant Enterococci

OBJECTIVE: Susceptibility and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) studies of ampicillin-resistant enterococci (ARE) were performed with vancomycin, ciprofloxacin, and trovafloxacin. Ampicillin MICs were determined to make comparisons with achievable urinary concentrations of ampicillin. DESIGN: From July 1998 to April 1999, all enterococci isolated from urinary specimens were tested for susceptibility to ampicillin by disk diffusion. For all ARE, vancomycin, ciprofloxacin, and trovafloxacin susceptibilities were determined by use of either disk diffusion or the E-test. Ampicillin MICs were determined for these isolates by liquid agar microdilution testing. ARE were identified to the species level on the basis of biochemical reactions. SETTING: The study was performed at a university-affiliated tertiary care hospital. OUTCOME MEASURES: In vitro susceptibility studies and MIC determinations were performed in accordance with the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards. RESULTS: A total of 310 urine samples were culture positive for enterococcus. Thirty (9.7%) unduplicated isolates were resistant to ampicillin. Of these, nine ARE isolates (30%) were also vancomycin resistant, whereas only 2 ampicillin-susceptible isolates were vancomycin resistant (p &lt; 0.05). All ARE were resistant to ciprofloxacin, and 29 (96.7%) were resistant to trovafloxacin. Nine (30%), 18 (60%), and 3 (10%) isolates had an ampicillin MIC of 128, 256, and 512 μg/mL, respectively. Ampicillin MICs did not differ significantly between vancomycin-susceptible and -resistant isolates (p = 0.963). Twenty-seven isolates (90%) were identified as Enterococcus faecium; the other 3 were either Enterococcus avium or Enterococcus raffinosus. CONCLUSIONS: Ampicillin resistance is associated with resistance to vancomycin. Most ARE are resistant to fluoroquinolone antibiotics such as ciprofloxacin and trovafloxacin. Ampicillin MICs for ARE found in these urinary specimens were all within 1 dilution of 256 μg/mL, a concentration achievable in the urine with higher doses of oral amoxicillin or intravenous ampicillin. Additional studies are needed to assess the clinical implications of these data.

Topic: Antimicrobial Resistance in Staphylococcus
Subfield: Infectious Diseases
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Sexually transmitted infections

Abstract This chapter covers the diagnosis and management of sexually transmitted infections, including bacterial vaginosis, with causes including vaginal discharge, vulvovaginal candidiasis, and trichomoniasis. The chapter also covers vulvovaginal candidiasis, genital warts or anogenital warts caused by human papillomavirus, tropical genital ulceration (which is commoner in patients presenting with sexually transmitted infections in the developing world and is an important factor in the spread of HIV), genital herpes, pelvic inflammatory disease, toxic shock syndrome, gonorrhoea, chlamydia, trichomoniasis, and syphilis.

Topic: Syphilis Diagnosis and Treatment
Subfield: Physiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Thrust distribution in Higgs decays at the next-to-leading order and beyond

We present predictions for the thrust distribution in hadronic decays of the Higgs boson at the next-to-leading order and the approximate next-to-next-to-leading order. The approximate NNLO corrections are derived from a factorization formula in the soft/collinear phase-space regions. We find large corrections, especially for the gluon channel. The scale variations at the lowest orders tend to underestimate the genuine higher order contributions. The results of this paper is therefore necessary to control the perturbative uncertainties of the theoretical predictions. We also discuss on possible improvements to our results, such as a soft-gluon resummation for the 2-jets limit, and an exact next-to-next-to-leading order calculation for the multi-jets region.

Topic: Particle physics theoretical and experimental studies
Subfield: Nuclear and High Energy Physics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Mutual Love in Therapeutic Process

Mutual love is an essential aspect of emotional healing and the development of co-creative relational capacities. Professional, cultural, and personal factors combine to make the practice of mutual love difficult in the context of psychotherapy. The nature of these difficulties is discussed. The dimensions and boundaries of love in the psychotherapeutic relationship are explored. It is suggested that mutual love can be constructed consciously, intentionally invited and co-created with the therapist's active participation. Case examples are given.

Topic: Psychotherapy Techniques and Applications
Subfield: Clinical Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Algebraic reachability of rational systems

The concept of algebraic reachability refers to the property of a system that every state from a sufficiently big subset of a state-space can be reached from a given inital state by applying an admissible input to the system. In this paper we study algebraic reachability of rational systems. We provide necessary and sufficient conditions for a rational system to be algebraically reachable (from an initial state). These conditions are formulated in terms of ideals of polynomials which makes checking algebraic reachability of a system computationally feasible. We relate the notion of algebraic reachability to the notion of controllability of linear systems, (local and local strong) accessibility and controllability of nonlinear systems.

Topic: Formal Methods in Verification
Subfield: Computational Theory and Mathematics
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
T-S fuzzy modeling and predictive control and synchronization of chaotic satellite systems

In this paper, we present the Takagi-Sugeno fuzzy modeling, predictive controlling and its synchronization of chaotic system. Based on the T-S fuzzy model, predictive controllers for stabilization and synchronization of chaotic satellite systems are designed via linear matrix inequalities (LMIs). To justify the chaoticity of satellite system, bifurcation diagrams with respect to known parameters of satellite systems are analyzed; Poincare section with different sowing axes of satellite are drawn; Lyapunov exponents are estimated. Predictive control technique is applied to synchronize the two identical satellite systems. Analytical and computational studies of satellite systems have been performed by using LMI toolbox. Feedback control gains matrices at the equilibrium points and stabilization gains matrices at initial conditions for satellite systems are obtained. The time to achieve the desired controlling and synchronization of satellite system applying at t = 20 is set by selecting different controller gains. Solutions of equations of motion of satellite system are drawn in the form of three dimensional, two dimensional and time series phase portraits. The qualitative and simulated results are in an excellent agreement.

Topic: Chaos control and synchronization
Subfield: Statistical and Nonlinear Physics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Biosynthesis of Tanshinone and Its Regulation in Salvia miltiorrhiza

Salvia miltiorrhiza, whose root and rhizome were often used as medicine, was classified in family of Labiatae. Many studies showed that tanshinone has significant effects in cuing cardiovascular disease. As the secondary metabolites, it was reported that the biosynthesis for tanshinone was regulated by various biotic or abiotic factors. In the present article, new findings about the biosynthesis of tanshinone were discussed, many key genes in the biosynthesis pathway as well as many related investigation were summed. Moreover, a vision of futurity was also given on how to increase the product of active component from plant by gene engineering.

Topic: Traditional Chinese Medicine Analysis
Subfield: Complementary and alternative medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Accurate and Fast Pixel Retrieval with Spatial and Uncertainty Aware Hypergraph Diffusion

This paper presents a novel method designed to enhance the efficiency and accuracy of both image retrieval and pixel retrieval. Traditional diffusion methods struggle to propagate spatial information effectively in conventional graphs due to their reliance on scalar edge weights. To overcome this limitation, we introduce a hypergraph-based framework, uniquely capable of efficiently propagating spatial information using local features during query time, thereby accurately retrieving and localizing objects within a database. Additionally, we innovatively utilize the structural information of the image graph through a technique we term "community selection". This approach allows for the assessment of the initial search result's uncertainty and facilitates an optimal balance between accuracy and speed. This is particularly crucial in real-world applications where such trade-offs are often necessary. Our experimental results, conducted on the (P)ROxford and (P)RParis datasets, demonstrate the significant superiority of our method over existing diffusion techniques. We achieve state-of-the-art (SOTA) accuracy in both image-level and pixel-level retrieval, while also maintaining impressive processing speed. This dual achievement underscores the effectiveness of our hypergraph-based framework and community selection technique, marking a notable advancement in the field of content-based image retrieval.

Topic: Image Retrieval and Classification Techniques
Subfield: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
ISHAN: Sequence Homology Analysis Package

Sequence based homology studies play an important role in evolutionary tracing and classification of proteins. Various methods are available to analyze biological sequence information. However, with the advent of proteomics era, there is a growing demand for analysis of huge amount of biological sequence information, and it has become necessary to have programs that would provide speedy analysis. ISHAN has been developed as a homology analysis package, built on various sequence analysis tools viz FASTA, ALIGN, CLUSTALW, PHYLIP and CODONW (for DNA sequences). This JAVA application offers the user choice of analysis tools. For testing, ISHAN was applied to perform phylogenetic analysis for sets of Caspase 3 DNA sequences and NF- κB p105 amino acid sequences. By integrating several tools it has made analysis much faster and reduced manual intervention.

Topic: Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Whether Present Era Demand Change in Pharmaceutical Promotional Ways to be More Eco- and Doctor-Friendly? An Observational Study

A BSTRACT Aim: Pharmaceutical promotion is the principal aspect of the healthcare system. In this study, we aimed to portray the opinion of doctors and medical representatives (MRs) on conventional pharmaceutical ways (usage of promotional or educational paper materials and physician drug samples) for pharmaceutical promotion. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional observational study, data were collected from doctors and MRs across India using self-administered Google forms. Data were analyzed, and results were drawn. Results: A total of 314 doctors and 272 MRs participated in the study. As per 95.5% of doctors, continuing medical education (CME)/books/online information is the most common and convenient method to update medical knowledge, whereas 67.9% of MRs also think the same. Only 5.5% of doctors prefer paper material provided by pharmaceutical companies to update their knowledge. Most doctors say paper materials provided by pharmaceutical companies contribute less than 25% to product information, rather CME, books, and online information contribute significantly. MRs also think similarly. 66.2% of MRs agree that more than 25% of paper material gets wasted due to non-distribution. 73.2% of doctors and 75.4% of MRs agree that the use of paper materials for product promotion is not cost-effective, even if it contributes to deforestation. Only 51% of doctors use more than 50% of medical samples in patient care and only half of doctors and MRs think expired medical samples are disposed of correctly. 56.1% of doctors and 71.4% of MRs think a significant amount of medical samples are wasted and are hazardous to the environment. Conclusions: Both doctors and MRs are of the opinion that the conventional method of paper promotion, that is, paper material and drug samples, is not cost-effective and also not eco-friendly. Hence, need to rethink – is there a need to change with time?

Topic: Pharmaceutical industry and healthcare
Subfield: Pharmacology
Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics
Domain: Life Sciences
Model of role-based access to spatial data of electronic master plan

This paper gives an assessment of the applicability of the discretionary, mandatory and role-based access control models for designing the information security subsystem of an electronic master plan (EMP) web-based geographic information system. The use of role-based access control model allowed authors to develop and build original information security subsystem of EMP Web-GIS.

Topic: Access Control and Trust
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Pulmonary involvement in Moldova lupus study

The aim: To investigate the pattern and the predictive factors of pulmonary involvement in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) in Republic of Moldova.Methods: All subjects fulfilled the SLICC 2009 classification criteria for SLE. Socioeconomic, demographic, clinical, immunological, treatment aspects of SLE were evaluated. Activity was assessed by SLEDAI, Damage Index – by SLICC. Results:The study included 90 patients, mean age 37,8±12,1 years, female rate 88,9%, disease duration - 118,7±18,3 months. The study group was divided: group 1- patients with pulmonary manifestations – 37 (41,1%), and group II - without them – 53 (58,9%) patients. The pattern of pulmonary involvement was represented by pleuritis in 23 (25,6%), pulmonary interstitial nonspecific fibrosis (PINS) in 5 (5,6%), isolated pulmonary hypertension in 3 (3,3%), pulmonary embolism 2 (2,2%) and association of more than two in 4 (4,4%) patients. Pulmonary involvement occurred after mean disease duration of 18 months with pleuritis, other involvements were observed later in the course of the disease. The pulmonary lesions were directly correlated with Raynaud syndrome, pulmonary embolism - with antiphospholipidic antibodies. The pulmonary manifestations were associated with joint involvement and were independent to renal involvement. The activity of SLE by SLEDAI more than 16 points at the time of diagnosis was predictive for pulmonary damage at 52,2±0,52 months. Cutaneous manifestations are supposed to be a protective factor for lupus lung disease. Conclusion: Pulmonary involvement in SLE patients in MOldova LUpus Study was 41,1% cases. Predictor factors for early respiratory involvement were high activity of lupus, Raynaud and antiphosfpholipid syndromes.

Topic: Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Research
Subfield: Rheumatology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Natural language processing assisted detection of inappropriate proton pump inhibitor use in adult hospitalised patients

Establishing a PPI medication monitoring system through natural language processing technology, while ensuring accuracy and recall rates, improves evaluation efficiency and homogeneity. This provides a new solution for timely detection of issues relating to clinical PPI usage.

Topic: Potassium and Related Disorders
Subfield: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Implementation of Gontornews.com Online Media Editorial Management

Gontornews.com is a boarding school website owned by Pondok Modern Gontor which has online media. The purpose of this study is to find out how management and editorial limitations are implemented at Gontornews.com, which includes matters such as planning, organizing, executing/directing, and supervising. This study uses a qualitative descriptive approach with case studies found on Gontornews.com, an online website. Primary and secondary data are collected through in-depth interviews with various relevant sources. This study was conducted from June to July 2022 in Jakarta. The results of the study show that Gontornews.com editorial management is used in reporting through various stages, starting from making plans, working with editorial members, sending news, and using references to books, newspapers, magazines, and other sources on the Internet. However, this study found that, even though the editorial management of Gontornews.com is very good, there are some obstacles in the news production process, such as limited reporters from within and outside the city, publication deadlines, and limited time for reporters who are out of sync. While there are some limitations, such as language limitations, external sources, and website systems, these obstacles can be overcome.

Topic: Educational Methods and Media Use
Subfield: Information Systems
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Effects of Nitrogen Addition on Potential Soil Nitrogen-Cycling Processes in a Temperate Forest Ecosystem

Anthropogenic nitrogen (N) deposition substantially alters N cycling in terrestrial ecosystems because of its effects on soil physicochemical properties and soil microbes. Responses of N transformation processes to consecutive N additions are unclear, pointing to a lack of systematic understanding of N cycling under long-term N addition. This work combines 15N tracing laboratory incubation with the FLUAZ model to study potential gross N-cycling processes in a temperate forest ecosystem in eastern Asia after 6 years of consecutive N additions at a rate of 50 kg N ha−1 year−1. Soils from plots that received N additions had greater gross N mineralization probably because of higher soil carbon (C) and N than soils from control plots. Gross nitrification in soil from plots receiving N additions was inhibited likely because of lower pH in these plots. Higher NH4+ concentrations under N addition increased N immobilization by microbes, but NO3− immobilization was much lower than NH4+ immobilization. Our results also show that N remineralization was stimulated by N addition and that microbes in N addition plots had greater N uptake probably because they adapted to high N concentration that led to accelerated microbial N turnover rate. This research highlights the importance of considering the effects of increasing N deposition on N processes mediated by microbes.

Topic: Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics
Subfield: Soil Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences