jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
An exploration of the use of interfirm cooperation and the financial manager's governance roles

Purpose The purposes of this paper are to provide first a detailed description of the use of interfirm cooperation by a large sample of Dutch firms of different sizes and from different industries, and second, to examine the governance role of financial managers in the management of cooperative arrangements. Design/methodology/approach Research questions are developed based on a review of previous literature and data were collected using a questionnaire administered to a large sample of Dutch firms. Findings The paper finds that the sample firms are generally well engaged in various types of interfirm cooperation, in particular in outsourcing arrangements and joint ventures. In addition, larger firms are on average involved in more types of cooperation than smaller firms are, and different cooperative activities and forms are frequently used in combination. On average, financial managers report to be actively involved in the management of interfirm cooperation, which ranges from monitoring yearly results, providing advice, supervising performance, to managing daily operations of the cooperation. In this management role, they mostly use frequent detailed financial and non‐financial performance information, which often not only relates to their own firm, but also to the partner firm. Practical implications This research provides evidence of the extensive use of interfirm cooperation in practice and identifies an important governance role of financial managers in the management of interfirm cooperation. An analysis of differences in this role across different types of cooperation and functional levels of financial managers is provided. Originality/value The findings provide new insights into firms' use of a broad range of interfirm cooperative activities and into the governance role financial managers in these activities. Consistent with prior studies that document an increasing propensity of firms to engage in cooperative arrangements, the results support that interfirm cooperation constitutes an important area for research in accounting. This paper provides several suggestions for future research aimed at improving researchers' and practitioners' understanding of the management of interfirm cooperation.

Topic: Corporate Finance and Governance
Subfield: Accounting
Field: Business, Management and Accounting
Domain: Social Sciences
Distributed feedback interband cascade lasers for applications in research and industry

In recent years, the use of laser sources in gas sensing applications has been increasing continuously. Tunable Laser Absorption Spectroscopy (TLAS) has proven to be a versatile tool in a variety of sectors including industry, health and security and modern environmental analysis. Especially the mid-infrared wavelength range is of great interest for high accuracy gas sensing applications, since many technologically and industrially relevant gas species have their strongest absorption features in the spectral region between 3 and 6 μm. These include, e. g., important hydrocarbons like methane or propane, as well as nitric oxide and formaldehyde. Interband cascade lasers (ICL) provide mono mode continuous wave (CW) operation above room temperature in this wavelength range. Application-grade complex coupled distributed feedback (DFB) laser devices based on the ICL concept are presented, using lateral metal gratings as wavelength selective elements. The fabricated devices operate at specific, technologically relevant, emission wavelengths in the spectral region from 3 to 6 μm. CW operation up to 80 °C and mono mode wavelength tuning ranges above 20 nm were achieved with low energy consumption. Application examples in industry and research are presented that demonstrate the high potential of DFB ICLs for the use in TLAS. E. g., formaldehyde gas sensor systems based on DFB ICL devices operating around 3.6 μm can provide realtime in-situ measurements with resolution limits in the low ppb range, even in dense background atmospheres. The low power consumption of ICL based devices makes them especially favorable for battery-powered or portable sensor applications.

Topic: Spectroscopy and Laser Applications
Subfield: Spectroscopy
Field: Chemistry
Domain: Physical Sciences
Clinical usefulness of acid steatocrit in pediatric practice.

The steatocrit technique has been frequently used in the follow up of malabsorption syndromes. The classical steatocrit method has recently been improved by adding perchloric acid to the fecal homogenate (acid steatocrit), this technique showed a better correlation with fecal fat concentration than the classical test. In our protocol, we aimed at an assessment of the clinical usefulness of the acid steatocrit when compared to the traditional technique. Children who were referred to the laboratory for evaluation of steatorrhea were studied by the fecal fat balance, which was taken as a gold standard method for the comparison between both steatocrits. The method was slightly modified, by using hydrochloric instead of perchloric acid. Our results showed a sensitivity of 88.8% for the acid steatocrit and 66.7% for the classical method, at a 1.6% cut off value. We suggest the method as useful to rule out steatorrhea, thus selecting those children who should not be submitted to more laborious and time consuming methods such as the fecal fat balance.

Topic: Child Nutrition and Feeding Issues
Subfield: Psychiatry and Mental health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Development of Anaerobic Power for Boys and Girls from Viewpoint of 7-sec Pedalling Exercise

This study investigated the development of level and type of anaerobic power exerted by 7-sec pedalling exercise with special reference to age, sex and body height as an index of growth. Subjects were 92 boys and 90 girls from 4th to 6th grade of elementary school (E 4-E 6) and from 1st to 3rd grade of junior and senior high school (J 1-J 3, S 1-S 3). Pear power/BW and peak frequency of revolution during 7-sec pedalling were measured at torques of 0.04BW, 0.06BW, 0.08BW and 0.1BW. The level of anaerobic power was determined by peak power/BW at each torque. The type of anaerobic power was determined by the coefficients of linear equation representing relationship between torque and peak frequency of revolution. Results were as follows;1) Peak power/BW at each torque increased remarkably from E 4 to J 1 or J 2 for both sexes. Significant sexual difference was recognized at any torque in and after J 2.2) Peak power/BW for both sexes at each torque increased with increasing body height. But peak power/BW of boys compared with girls and individual difference of peak power/BW for both sexes tended to be greater in higher body height and at larger torque. In the latter case, the difference was greater for girls than for boys.3) The type of anaerobic power for both sexes shifted from speed type to strength type during E 4 and J 2 or J 3. The type for boys compared with girls was strength type in and after J 2.4) The type of anaerobic power for both sexes shifted from speed type to strength type with increasing of body height. Sexual difference of the type was not recognized at any body height. Individual difference of the type was greater at any body height for both sexes.These results will be useful findings for establishing measurement and training methods of anaerobic power with special reference to age, sex and body height.

Topic: Diverse Approaches in Healthcare and Education Studies
Subfield: Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
On DNA Codes With Multiple Constraints

We consider the problem of designing a set of DNA sequences (DNA codes) for various DNA computing applications, such as DNA based data storage. A chemically active DNA sequence forms unlikely secondary structure by folding back onto itself by hybridization among base pairs. DNA sequences with secondary structures are less active chemically and are needed to unfold before reading. On the other side, during synthesis and sequencing of DNA sequences with homopolymers of large run-length, errors occur frequently. In this letter, we have presented families of DNA codes with several properties such as DNA sequences free from secondary structures of stem length more than two and also free from homopolymers of run-length more than four. All constructed DNA sequences of any DNA codes are sufficiently dissimilar to their reverse-complement DNA sequences. Further, DNA sequences obtained by concatenating all those DNA sequences also avoid secondary structures and homopolymers.

Topic: DNA and Biological Computing
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Solution Processable Thin Film Organic Photovoltaic Cells based on Far Red Sensitive Soluble Squaraine Dyes

Abstract Symmetrical squaraine (SQ) dyes with varying alkyl chain lengths have been synthesized towards their utilization as sensitizer for enhancing the photon harvesting in far-red region of solar spectrum. It has been observed that energy level of the SQ-dyes can be systematically tuned only by alkyl chain substitution. It has also been shown that SQ-dyes behave like p-type donors forming a p–n heterojunction with soluble fullerene derivative phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) as n-type organic electron acceptor. Thin film organic photovoltaic p–n heterojunction devices have been fabricated using soluble SQ-dyes with PCBM without using any thermal evaporation technique for the active layers. A perusal of the photo-action spectra clearly corroborates that at least 0.25 eV energy barrier is necessary for the facile electron transfer from donor moiety to the acceptor after the photo-excitation.

Topic: Organic Electronics and Photovoltaics
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
CCDC 1547433: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.

Topic: Crystallization and Solubility Studies
Subfield: Materials Chemistry
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
A New Concept in Gastronomy: Cinegastronomy

In this study, we aimed to define the theoretical and conceptual framework of cinegastronomy, a new concept we seek to introduce in the field of gastronomy. To achieve this, we conducted an electronic brainstorming session with 55 cinema professionals using the AnswerGarden® program. We analyzed the collected data using content analysis to create themes, and employed the nominal prioritization technique to prioritize these themes. As a result, we divided the concept of cinegastronomy into three main themes and twelve sub-themes: (1) gastronomic symbols, (2) the meeting of cinema and gastronomy, and (3) the reflection of humans and food in cinema. The twelve sub-themes are ranked in order of importance, with the top three being: (1) a narrative and representation tool within film; (2) innovative and engaging; and (3) the combined use of gastronomy and signs in cinema. Overall, we define cinegastronomy as the expression of gastronomic perceptions and, beyond that, realistic or metaphorical indicators through cinematographic techniques.

Topic: Culinary Culture and Tourism
Subfield: Food Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Synthesis and Structures of Vanadium(II) Alkynide Complexes: [(LiTMEDA)2V(.mu.-C.tplbond.CPh)4(TMEDA)] and V(C.tplbond.CR)2(TMEDA)2 (R = Ph, tBu; TMEDA = N,N,N',N'-Tetramethylethylenediamine)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis and Structures of Vanadium(II) Alkynide Complexes: [(LiTMEDA)2V(.mu.-C.tplbond.CPh)4(TMEDA)] and V(C.tplbond.CR)2(TMEDA)2 (R = Ph, tBu; TMEDA = N,N,N',N'-Tetramethylethylenediamine)Hiroyuki Kawaguchi and Kazuyuki TatsumiCite this: Organometallics 1995, 14, 9, 4294–4299Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/om00009a037https://doi.org/10.1021/om00009a037research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views147Altmetric-Citations18LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (2)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts

Topic: Organometallic Complex Synthesis and Catalysis
Subfield: Organic Chemistry
Field: Chemistry
Domain: Physical Sciences
Jewish Comedy and the Contradictions of Culture

In a fantastical and funny story by Philip Roth entitled "On the Air,"2 Milton Lippman, a talent scout, writes to Albert Einstein to ask if Einstein would agree to star on a radio program that Lippman hopes to negotiate with the networks, "The Jewish Answer Man." It will demonstrate to the world that "the Greatest Genius of all Time is a Jew." When his first approach to Einstein goes unanswered, Lippman bravely writes again: Dear Mr. Einstein: I can understand how busy you must be thinking, and appreciate that you did not answer my letter suggesting that I try to get you on a radio program that would make "The Answer Man" look like the joke it is. Will you reconsider, if the silence means no? I realize that one of the reasons you don't wear a tie or even bother to comb your hair is because you are as busy as you are, thinking new things. Well, don't think that you would have to change your ways once you become a radio personality. Your hair is a great gimmick, and I wouldn't change it for a second. It's a great trademark. Without disrespect, it sticks in your mind the way Harpo Marx's does. Which is excellent. (Now I wonder if you even have the time to know who The Marx Brothers are? They are four zany Jewish brothers, and you happen to look a little like one of them. You might get a kick out of catching one of their movies. Probably they don't even show movies in Princeton, but maybe you could get somebody to drive you out of town. You can get the entire plot in about a minute, but the resemblance between you and Harpo and his hair and yours, might reassure you that you are a fine personality in terms of show business just as you are.)

Topic: Jewish and Middle Eastern Studies
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
The Ideology of the 21st Century: Anarchist Conservatism

Although it is mostly accepted that the ideologies of conservatism and anarchism are at the very opposite sides of the political thought spectrum, this paper is based on its own speculation that conservatism and anarchism are based on the same grounds. In fact, apart from sharing same philosophical roots, these two ideologies are establishing a neutral alliance spontaneously on the basis of anarcho-capitalism. As a matter of fact, one step further than alliance, conservatism and anarchism are becoming two sides of the same coin and this new ideology can be labelled as anarchist conservatism. This essay aims to reveal and highlight the characteristics of this new ideology in a critical manner.

Topic: Anarchism and Radical Politics
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Direct Detection and Quantification of Bacterial Pathogens from Broiler Cecal Samples in the Slaughter Line by Real-Time PCR

ABSTRACT Chicken meat is an important source of foodborne pathogens, including Salmonella, Campylobacter, and Clostridium perfringens. These bacteria can occur in the intestinal microbiota of broilers and contaminate chicken carcasses in industrial meat processing. This study aimed to develop and evaluate a procedure based on real-time PCRs for the direct detection and quantification of these three bacteria in broilers’ ceca collected in poultry slaughter houses and demonstrate the occurrence of these important foodborne pathogens in Brazilian poultry production flocks. Cecal contents were collected from 45 different broiler flocks in three different slaughterhouses in the state of Paraná, Brazil, totaling 45 samples (in pools of 10 different ceca/chickens per broiler flock). Then, these samples were tested for the detection and quantification of Salmonella, Campylobacter, and Clostridium perfringens by real-time PCRs. The results demonstrated the occurrence of three (6.7%) positive pools for Salmonella, 20 (44.4%) for Campylobacter, and 32 (71.1%) for C. perfringens. Mean bacterial concentrations in the positive samples were 4.3log10 cells/g for Salmonella, 6.4 log10 cells/g for Campylobacter, and 5.5 log10 cells/g for C. perfringens. In conclusion, Salmonella, Campylobacter, and C. perfringens could be detected and quantified directly from the broilers cecal contents collected in the slaughter line. This procedure will be certainly useful to more quickly detect these foodborne pathogens and prevent their occurrence in chicken meat and other poultry food products.

Topic: Molecular Biology Techniques and Applications
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
A solitary bone metastasis from renal cell carcinoma

We report on an unusual case of a 59‐year‐old man with renal cell carcinoma (RCC), who presented with a pathological fracture in his left third metacarpal resulting from a single osteolytic metastasis. Nuclear bone and computed tomography scans revealed no other sites of recurrence. Zoledronic acid and palliative radiotherapy were administered, and orthopaedic follow‐up revealed healing of the lesion. The prevalence and management of bone metastases in patients with RCC are discussed.

Topic: Bone health and treatments
Subfield: Oncology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
A posteriori error estimates with point sources in fractional sobolev spaces

We consider Poisson's equation with a finite number of weighted Dirac masses as a source term, together with its discretization by means of conforming finite elements. For the error in fractional Sobolev spaces, we propose residual‐type a posteriori estimators with a specifically tailored oscillation and show that, on two‐dimensional polygonal domains, they are reliable and locally efficient. In numerical tests, their use in an adaptive algorithm leads to optimal error decay rates. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Numer Methods Partial Differential Eq 33: 1018–1042, 2017

Topic: Advanced Numerical Methods in Computational Mathematics
Subfield: Computational Mechanics
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Conceptions of the Opposite-Sex Ideal by International Students in the Netherlands

Individual and cultural values, as well as adolescents' views of appropriate gender roles, are revealed in their depictions of the ideal man and the ideal woman (Stiles, Gibbons, Hardardottir, & Schnellmann, 1987). International students from 44 countries attending a university preparatory school or a university in the Randstad area of the Netherlands participated in the present study. On a questionnaire adapted from Clifford, Grandgenett, and Bardwell (1981), participants rated 10 characteristics of the opposite-sex ideal on a 7-point scale for importance

Topic: Gender Roles and Identity Studies
Subfield: Gender Studies
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
In vitro and in vivo biofilm adhesion to esthetic coated arch wires and its correlation with surface roughness

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the in vitro ability of esthetic coated rectangular arch wires to retain oral biofilms and in vivo biofilm formation on these wires after 4 and 8 weeks of clinical use and to correlate the findings with the surface roughness of these wires. Materials and Methods: Three brands of esthetic coated nickel-titanium (NiTi) arch wires were selected. Arch wires retrieved after 4 and 8 weeks of intraoral use were obtained from 30 orthodontic patients. Surface roughness (SR) was assessed with an atomic force microscope. In vitro adhesion assays were performed using Streptococcus mutans (MS), Staphylococcus aureus, and Candida albicans. The amount of bacterial adhesion was quantified using the colony-count method. Paired t-test, analysis of variance, post hoc Tukey's test, and Pearson's correlation coefficient test were used for statistical analysis at the .05 level of significance. Results: In vitro bacterial adhesion showed significant differences between wires in terms of MS adhesion (P = .01). All wires showed significant increases in SR (P = .001 after 4 weeks and .007 after 8 weeks) and biofilm adhesion (P = .0001 after 4 weeks and .045 after 8 weeks) after intraoral exposure. A significant positive correlation (P = .001 after 4 weeks and .05 after 8 weeks) was observed between these two variables in vivo, but the correlation was not significant for in vitro bacterial adhesion. Conclusions: SR and biofilm adhesion increased after intraoral use at all time intervals. There was a positive correlation between SR and biofilm adhesion in vivo only.

Topic: Dental materials and restorations
Subfield: Orthodontics
Field: Dentistry
Domain: Health Sciences