jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Reduction Method of Characteristic Matrices of 2D ANCF Beam with Using Component Mode Synthesis Method and Experimental Validation

Very flexible structures such as solar sails and tethered satellites tend to induce large rotation and large deformation due to their motion. In multibody dynamics, the Absolute Nodal Coordinate Formulation (ANCF) is focused for large deformation analysis. We pay attention that the bending stiffness term expressed by the continuum mechanics approach of the ANCF beam element is constant when the axial strain is not so large, and propose a reduction method for the characteristics matrices in 2D ANCF beam by applying the component mode synthesis method. However, the component mode synthesis method is applicable to the system that is composed by the constant mass and stiffness matrices. This paper also works on the validation of the ANCF by the experiment of dynamic stiffening of flexible beam undergoing large rotation, and applicability of the method as an analytical method of large scale structure is investigated.

Topic: Hermeneutics and Narrative Identity
Subfield: Philosophy
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Synthesis and insecticidal activity of new amide derivatives of piperine

The natural lipophilic amides piperine and piperiline were isolated from Piper nigrum L (Piperaceae). Piperine was hydrolysed into piperic acid (85% yield) which was converted into 16 amides (28–89% yield). The contact toxicity of all synthetic amides, and also that of piperine and piperiline, at the dose 10 µg per insect, was evaluated for the Brazilian economically important insects Ascia monuste orseis Latr, Acanthoscelides obtectus Say, Brevicoryne brassicae L, Protopolybia exigua DeSaus and Cornitermes cumulans Kollar. The results demontrated that the insects have different sensivities to the various amides, with mortality ranging from 0 to 97.5% according to the compound and insect species. © 2000 Society of Chemical Industry

Topic: Piperaceae Chemical and Biological Studies
Subfield: Pharmacology
Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics
Domain: Life Sciences
CVDentus bur for epithelial abrasion in the treatment of melanin pigmentation: case report

Introduction: The gingival melanin hyperpigmentation (GMH) is resulted from an abnormal deposition of melanin, but it is not a pathology. However, GMH is an esthetic problem for some people. Some alternatives of treatment for this situation exist. The epithelial abrasion has been an interesting alternative because it has a satisfactory esthetic outcome, is a fast procedure, of easy execution, and low cost. Recently, tips adapted in ultrasound (CVDentus) can bean alternative approach. Objective: To report a clinical case of GMH treated by the technique of the epithelial abrasion with association of instrument adapted in ultrasound. Case report: Patient aged 28 years, melanoderm, sought treatment due to esthetic dissatisfaction because of intense dark color in the maxillary gingiva. The GMH removal was proposed through the technique of the epithelialabrasion CVD bur. Conclusion: The technique of epithelial abrasion using CVD bur was effective in removing GMH at one-year follow-up showing to be easy and safe technique.

Topic: Dermatologic Treatments and Research
Subfield: Dermatology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
TRANSFERS OF ROADS FUNDS BETWEEN STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENTS

Attempts are made to identify and quantify all the various cross-transfers of roads funds which occur in each state between state and local government authorities. Comparable time series data are presented at the individual state and all states aggregate levels for grants, loans, reimbursements and loan repayments. Net transfer payments are then presented at constant roadworks prices. During the period 1974/75 to 1980/81, there was an overall real decline of 13.7 per cent in net transfers of roads funds to local government authorities. During the three years 1978/79 to 1980/81 there was also a real decline in the sum of road grants, general revenue grants and rates, which forms the major source of funds available to local government authorities for the performance of their roadworks responsibilities. (TRRL)

Topic: Public-Private Partnership Projects
Subfield: Strategy and Management
Field: Business, Management and Accounting
Domain: Social Sciences
Molecular Characterization and Xenotransplantation of Pancreatic Cancer Using Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Fine Needle Aspiration (EUS-FNA)

Pancreatic cancer has one of the worst prognoses among all malignancies and few available treatment options. Patient-derived xenografts can be used to develop personalized therapy for pancreatic cancer. Endoscopic ultrasound fine-needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) may provide a powerful alternative to surgery for obtaining sufficient tissue for the establishment of patient-derived xenografts. In this study, EUS-FNA samples were obtained for 30 patients referred to the Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. These samples were used for xenotransplantation in NOD-SCID mice and for genetic analyses. The gene expression of pancreatic-cancer-relevant genes in xenograft tumors was examined by immunohistochemistry. Targeted sequencing of both the patient-derived tumors and xenograft tumors was performed. The xenografts’ susceptibility to oncolytic virus infection was studied by infecting xenograft-derived cells with VSV∆51-GFP. The xenograft take rate was found to be 75.9% for passage 1 and 100% for passage 2. Eighty percent of patient tumor samples were successfully sequenced to a high depth for 42 cancer genes. Xenograft histological characteristics and marker expression were maintained between passages. All tested xenograft samples were susceptible to oncoviral infection. We found that EUS-FNA is an accessible, minimally invasive technique that can be used to acquire adequate pancreatic cancer tissue for the generation of patient-derived xenografts and for genetic sequencing.

Topic: Cancer Research and Treatments
Subfield: Biotechnology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Current Research on Respiratory Viral Infections: XIII International Symposium on Respiratory Viral Infections: Part 2

The XIII International Symposium on Respiratory Viral Infections was convened by The Macrae Group LLC (NY, USA) in Rome, Italy, on the 13–16 March 2011. This annual symposium provides a forum for public health specialists, vaccinologists, clinicians, virologists and pharmacologists to discuss recent advances in respiratory virus research in an interdisciplinary fashion. Here, we highlight presentations at this conference with a special focus focus on respiratory infections other than influenza.

Topic: Respiratory viral infections research
Subfield: Epidemiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open loop control of piezoelectric tube transducer

Abstract This paper is focused on the open loop control of a piezoelectric tube actuator, hindered by a strong hysteresis. The actuator was distinguished with 22 % hysteresis, which hinders the positioning of piezoelectric actuator. One of the possible ways to solve this problem is application of an accurate analytical inversed model of the hysteresis in the control loop. In this paper generalized Prandtl-Ishlinskii model was used for both modeling and open loop control of the piezoelectric actuator. Achieved modeling error does not exceed max. 2.34 % of the whole range of tube deflection. Finally, the inverse hysteresis model was applied to the control line of the tube. For the same input signal (damped sine 0.2 Hz) as for the model estimation the positioning error was max. 4.6 % of the tube deflection. Additionally, for a verification reason three different complex harmonic functions were applied. For the verification functions, still a good positioning was obtained with positioning error of max.4.56 %, 6.75 %and5.6%of the tube deflection.

Topic: Piezoelectric Actuators and Control
Subfield: Control and Systems Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
CARCASS CHARACTERISTICS OF BROILER CHICKENS FED GINGER, GARLIC AND MIXTURE OF GINGER AND GARLIC POWDER

This study was conducted to examine the effect of ginger and garlic meal on the carcass characteristics of the broiler chicken. The carcass characteristics of broiler chickens fed ginger, garlic and mixture of ginger and garlic powder was done at the end of the feeding trial. The one hundred and eighty (180) day-old broiler chicks was purchased from a reputable hatchery in South/West, Nigeria were used in the experiment. A total of 16 chickens was harvest, 4 from each 4 treatment were used for the experiment. The design of the experiments was completely randomized design (CRD). With T1 as the control, T2 Ginger, T3 Garlic and T4 Combination of Ginger and Garlic. Most of the carcass characteristics were in favour (p&lt;0.05) of broilers fed T4 but closely followed by broilers fed T3 and T2. It is therefore recommended that T4 mixture of ginger and garlic powder could be included in their diet at 1:1 when combined, should be used for feeding broilers for good carcass yield) among others, to enhance the carcass characteristics of broiler chicken.

Topic: Animal Nutrition and Physiology
Subfield: Animal Science and Zoology
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
<i>DTB</i>’s move to the BMJ Group

Drug and Therapeutics Bulletin ( DTB ) has moved home. At the end of November 2006, ownership of DTB was transferred from Which? to the BMJ Group. Here, in the first article published under the new banner, we explain the move and its implications.

Topic: Healthcare Systems and Challenges
Subfield: General Health Professions
Field: Health Professions
Domain: Health Sciences
A MSTP DNA Computing Model Based on Genetic Algorithm and Incompletion-Molecule Commixed Encoding Strategy

Artificial intelligence based on the genetic algorithm and DNA computing based on the biological intelligence is two kinds of important intelligent computing model, Graph theory and combinatorial optimization problem is a hotspot of research on intelligent computing. This paper designs a coding space optimized by using genetic algorithm, and by using DNA computing to solve Minimum Spanning Tree Problem calculation model. Because MSTP (Minimum Spanning Tree Problem) refer to Weight, IMCE (Incompletion-Molecule Commixed Encoding) is used in vertex, edges and weights encoding. The calculation process of the MSTP solution has been detailed described detailed.

Topic: DNA and Biological Computing
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Surface plasticity effects in dispersion-hardened copper-silica single crystals

Abstract The effect of internally-dispersed silica spheres upon the surface plasticity of copper single crystals, deformed in tension, has been investigated. It is shown that copper-silica crystals do not exhibit any crystal size-effect phenomena in their stress-strain behaviour and that they have a uniform flow-stress distribution across the crystal width. Electron microscopy studies show that the dislocation distribution is uniform throughout the bulk of a crystal except for a surface region about 0·5 μm deep where a lower density of dislocations is evident. In contrast, similar studies of the internally oxidized and annealed pure copper matrix material show pronounced size effects and a ‘soft-surface’ flow-stress distribution analogous to as-grown pure copper. This investigation provides evidence that the type of flow-stress distribution present in a f.c.c. single crystal during deformation can be modified by changing the mean-free-path of the dislocations at low strains. No evidence could be found for the formation and subsequent relaxation of a hard ‘debris layer’ of high dislocation density at the surface, as postulated by some workers.

Topic: Microstructure and mechanical properties
Subfield: Materials Chemistry
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Data from t-Darpp Activates IGF-1R Signaling to Regulate Glucose Metabolism in Trastuzumab-Resistant Breast Cancer Cells

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Purpose:&lt;/b&gt; Increased glycolysis and glucose dependence is a hallmark of malignancy that enables tumors to maximize cell proliferation. In HER2&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; cancers, an increase in glycolytic capacity is associated with trastuzumab resistance. IGF-1R activation and t-Darpp overexpression both confer trastuzumab resistance in breast cancer. We therefore investigated a role for IGF-1R and t-Darpp in regulating glycolytic capacity in HER2&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; breast cancers.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Experimental Design:&lt;/b&gt; We examined the relationship between t-Darpp and IGF-1R expression in breast tumors and their respective relationships with patient survival. To assess t-Darpp's metabolic effects, we used the Seahorse flux analyzer to measure glucose metabolism in trastuzumab-resistant SK-BR-3 cells (SK.Her&lt;sup&gt;R&lt;/sup&gt;) that have high endogenous t-Darpp levels and SK.tDrp cells that stably overexpress exogenous t-Darpp. To investigate t-Darpp's mechanism of action, we evaluated t-Darpp:IGF-1R complexes by coimmunoprecipitation and proximity ligation assays. We used pathway-specific inhibitors to study the dependence of t-Darpp effects on IGF-1R signaling. We used siRNA knockdown to determine whether glucose reliance in SK.Her&lt;sup&gt;R&lt;/sup&gt; cells was mediated by t-Darpp.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; In breast tumors, PPP1R1B mRNA levels were inversely correlated with IGF-1R mRNA levels and directly associated with shorter overall survival. t-Darpp overexpression was sufficient to increase glucose metabolism in SK.tDrp cells and essential for the glycolytic phenotype of SK.Her&lt;sup&gt;R&lt;/sup&gt; cells. Recombinant t-Darpp stimulated glucose uptake, glycolysis, and IGF-1R–Akt signaling in SK-BR-3 cells. Finally, t-Darpp stimulated IGF-1R heterodimerization with ErbB receptors and required IGF-1R signaling to confer its metabolic effects.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/b&gt; t-Darpp activates IGF-1R signaling through heterodimerization with EGFR and HER2 to stimulate glycolysis and confer trastuzumab resistance. &lt;i&gt;Clin Cancer Res; 24(5); 1216–26. ©2017 AACR&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

Topic: Metabolism, Diabetes, and Cancer
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
PREVALENCES OF ASTIGMATISM AND ANISOMETROPIA IN ADULT DANES

A report is given of astigmatism and anisometropia prevalences in an adult hospital sample considered refractively unselected. Astigmatism of at least 0.75 cyl value (by subjective trial) appeared in 20% (n = 600), or in 16% of all eyes (some cases being unilateral). Twenty per cent of astigmatic eyes had an oblique axis. Inverse astigmatism (against rule) showed increasing frequency with age. In a sample analysed for anisometropia (n = 1.200) 9% had a side difference of 1 D or more, while 75% had strict isometropia. Eyes with astigmatism and anisometropia are grouped mainly towards the ametropic ends of the refractive distribution curve, away from emmetropia. The data are used for assessing to what extent the presbyopic population can expect benefit from some newly introduced supermarket standard reading‐glasses (+1 to +4 D). Probably, about two thirds can use them. Having had a tradition of individual prescription in our country, the offer of standard glasses without professional trial may eventually result in fewer ophthalmic disorders being diagnosed ‘by chance’.

Topic: Ophthalmology and Visual Impairment Studies
Subfield: Epidemiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
State of Charge Estimation for Lithium-ion Battery Based on Random Forests Technique with Gravitational Search Algorithm

An accurate state of charge (SOC) estimation for lithium-ion battery has been an intensively researched subject in electric vehicle (EV) application towards the advancement of the sustainable transportation system. However, SOC estimation with high accuracy is challenging because of the complex internal characteristics of the lithium-ion battery which is changed by different environmental situations. This paper develops an accurate method for the state of charge (SOC) estimation of a lithium-ion battery using random forests (RFs) algorithm. However, the accuracy of RFs highly depends on the appropriate selection of trees and leaves per tree in a forest. Thus, this research develops an enhanced model with RFs based gravitational search algorithm (GSA). The aim of GSA is to find the best value of trees and leaves per tree. The robustness and accuracy of the proposed model are tested under different temperatures. The model training and validation are executed using federal urban driving schedule (FUDS). The effectiveness of the proposed method is compared with the conventional RFs and radial basis function neural network (RBFNN) and optimal RBFNN-GSA models using different statistical error terms and computational cost. The proposed RFs based GSA model offers higher robustness and accuracy in reducing RMSE by 55.4<;span style="font-size: 11.25px;"> <b xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">%</b> <;/span>, 67.4%, and MAE by 39.1% and 78.1% than conventional RFs and RBFNN based GSA model, respectively at 25°C.

Topic: Advanced Battery Technologies Research
Subfield: Automotive Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Preferences of program directors for evaluation of candidates for postgraduate training.

More value was placed by program directors on a numeric or other more discriminating grading system than on the pass/fail system. Although the grading system provides only one type of screening mechanism it raises the question of whether there should be a policy for uniform grading practices for all Canadian students.

Topic: Innovations in Medical Education
Subfield: Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Beyond presentism: Memory studies, deep history and the challenges of transmission

We take up the challenge to extend the ‘archive of mnemonic practices’ beyond recent histories of violence by facilitating a dialogue between scholarship on deep history and the fourth wave of memory studies, both emerging under the sign of the Anthropocene. In so doing, we engage with the problem of transmission as it has emerged in both fields. Works in cultural memory studies provide us with compelling ways of thinking through mediated practices of transmission, but they are limited by their focus on the recent past and on encultured technologies of memory that primarily reflect the European origins of the field. Studies of deep history, which engage transmission among Indigenous communities, by contrast, tend to rely on an account of transmission as precise replication, oftentimes over hundreds of generations. To reconsider and theorize mediated practices of transmission, we draw on the concept of the deep present as formulated within ethnomusicology. This term describes a present in which Aboriginal culture-work and performance both transmits memory of the deep past and evokes that deep past itself, activating it today. We consider two public installations as examples of remembrance of the deep past in urban Warrane/Sydney – bara by Judy Watson and Virtual Warrane by Brett Leavy – each of which is of Country in a way that connects memory over time and activates a deep present. We argue that these instances of memory in the deep present might offer ways of reconsidering the possibilities of a decolonizing future.

Topic: Diverse Musicological Studies
Subfield: Music
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Soluble DPP4 can act as a diagnostic biomarker in Hashimoto’s thyroiditis with thyroid papillary carcinoma

ABSTRACT Background: Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT) is an independent risk factor for papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), but the underlying mechanism remains unknown. The incidence of PTC in patients with HT is significantly elevated, and the presence of both HT and PTC contributes to a higher rate of misdiagnosis. Materials and Methods: Gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis were performed on the thyroid nodule gene chip dataset from GEO Datasets. Serum and clinical data from 191 patients with thyroid nodules at the affiliated hospital were collected for analysis. Experimental techniques, including real-time quantitative PCR, ELISA, immunohistochemistry (IHC), and enzyme activity detection, were used to measure the level of dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4) in thyroid nodule tissues and serum. Results: Thyroid nodules in patients with HT and PTC exhibit high levels of DPP4, along with elevated concentrations of soluble DPP4 in the serum. These findings demonstrate the potential predictive value of soluble DPP4 for PTC diagnosis. Conclusions: The concentration and enzymatic activity of soluble DPP4 in serum can serve as diagnostic biomarkers for patients with HT-associated PTC.

Topic: Peptidase Inhibition and Analysis
Subfield: Oncology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
A Teacher Self-Appraisal Checklist for Physical Educators to Assess Instructional Performance

Many of the instructional challenges physical education teachers are confronted with today are very different from even those of our recent past. Advances in educational practices have found different ways to reach students, respond to their activity needs, and provide more interesting, effective, safe, as well as, novel ways to approach the teaching-learning process. Exploration into "Best Practices", instructional methods, and teaching effectiveness over the past three decades has brought about numerous changes that have focused on enhancing the quality of the teaching-learning experience in physical education. Student assessment, teaching effectiveness and instructional accountability are just a few of the concepts "BUZZing" throughout the halls, offices and classrooms, including making their way into the gymnasium. Toward this end, and certainly with an eye on creating a positive impact on instruction, the authors have put together a list of instructional elements. Each of these instructional elements are presented with the idea of motivating the individual teacher to think about each of their classes as an critical experience in the development of each and every student, and plan a presentation of lessons in physical education that will have a positive effect immediately and help to set a firm foundation for future lessons to build upon. The ultimate goal is to provide a solid foundation with skills and knowledge that will serve to draw students into activity throughout their adult life.

Topic: Physical Education and Pedagogy
Subfield: Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation
Field: Health Professions
Domain: Health Sciences