jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
323 Assessing the economic injury threshold and decay of performance after onset due to Horn fly abundance in beef cattle.

Abstract Horn flies (Haematobia irritans) are among the most economically detrimental ectoparasites in beef cattle, negatively impacting animal welfare and productivity by reducing feed intake and growth performance. The industry-standard economic injury threshold (EIT) of 200 flies per animal has been widely used to determine the point at which intervention is necessary. However, individual tolerance to horn fly infestation varies, and a one-size-fits-all threshold may not be suitable for optimal herd management. The objective of this study was to determine individualized EITs for beef heifers using Bayesian changepoint models, incorporating both subjective and image-based horn fly counts, as well as growth performance metrics. Data were collected from 337 heifers at two University of Georgia research farms (Eatonton and Calhoun) over three years (2022–2024). At each time point (March, June, and August), animals were weighed, and horn fly infestation was assessed using two methods: trained evaluator assessments (subjective counts) and image-based fly counts. Bayesian changepoint models were implemented to determine the exact threshold at which growth performance started declining (EIT), the rate of decline after reaching this threshold (DPO), and an upper limit beyond which additional fly burden no longer affected performance (UST). The results indicated substantial variation in EIT across animals, with estimates ranging from 261 to 322 flies, depending on the growth interval considered. This suggests that the widely accepted industry threshold (200 flies) may underestimate tolerance in some animals while being too high for others. The rate of decline in growth performance (DPO) also varied, emphasizing the need for individualized fly management strategies. Furthermore, the two-changepoint model identified an upper threshold (UST), at which further increases in fly burden did not significantly impact growth, reinforcing the idea that fly tolerance is not uniform across all animals. These findings demonstrate that Implementing data-driven EITs tailored to individual, or herd-level susceptibility could improve economic outcomes by optimizing intervention timing and reducing unnecessary pesticide applications. Future research can focus on validating these thresholds in different genetic lines and management environments, further enhancing precision livestock farming approaches.

Topic: Forensic Entomology and Diptera Studies
Subfield: Insect Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Whisker Test of Lead-Free Semiconductor Packages in Lead-Free Soldering

We evaluated the semiconductor mounting substrate and investigated the whisker's generations and factors by experimenting different environmental conditions. On the lead consisted of Cu base/Sn plating, the result of the condition 110°C/85% & 120°C/85% which were produced by Air-HAST (HAST with air) generates Sn whiskers faster than other high temperature and humidity tests. We concluded that the factors in the whisker generation are high temperatures, high moisture and oxygen.

Topic: Electronic Packaging and Soldering Technologies
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Comparison of oil quality characteristics of Locusta migratoria, Allomyrina dichotoma, and Tenebrio molitor obtained using different extraction methods

Abstract In preparation of future food shortages, edible insects are receiving more attention as alternative foods. However, research on the fat of edible insects and the newly permitted Locusta migratoria in South Korea has been insufficient. In this study, Soxhlet and three-phase partitioning (TPP) methods were used to extract the oils of L. migratoria , Allomyrina dichotoma , and Tenebrio molitor L., which are permitted as edible insects in South Korea. After measuring the yield of the extracted oils and comparing the difference between the species of edible insects and the extraction methods, the yield of T. molitor was the highest, followed by those of A. dichotoma and L. migratoria . In addition, yields were higher when oils were extracted using the Soxhlet method. The composition of fatty acids and volatile chemicals in the oils was measured using GC-FID and SPME-Arrow-GC-MS, respectively. Volatile concentrations extracted using the Soxhlet method were higher than those obtained using TPP and the major groups in the three oils were acids and pyrazines. The findings of this study can support more intensive research on edible insect oil and food utilisation.

Topic: Insect Utilization and Effects
Subfield: Insect Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Environmental Development of Emerging Economy Suppliers: Antecedents and Outcomes

As supply chains spread toward emerging economies, Western buying firms frequently face the question of whether they should commit resources to develop their suppliers in these regions in terms of environmental issues. Supplier development researchers have just begun to consider environmental aspects, and thus far, the peer‐reviewed literature has remained primarily qualitative, and often descriptive. Large‐scale empirical evidence indicating the antecedents and benefits of environmental supplier development for a buying firm is still scarce. Addressing this gap, we use stakeholder theory to complement and extend the work of Ehrgott et al. (2011) and investigate how pressures from customers, governments, and employees act as antecedents to environmental supplier development. Furthermore, we build on the resource‐based view to examine how supplier capabilities, buying firm environmental reputation, and organizational learning in the buying firm can result from such supplier development initiatives. We test the resulting model with a sample of 244 corporate procurement executives from the United States and Germany.

Topic: Sustainable Supply Chain Management
Subfield: Strategy and Management
Field: Business, Management and Accounting
Domain: Social Sciences
Village Sign Languages

The study of village sign languages is at the forefront of new approaches to developing a typology of languages. Indeed, recent research has shown that the study of village sign disconfirms some of our previously held assumptions about the linguistic structure of sign languages based on the study of the better-known sign languages of Europe and North America (such as that they all use classifiers — Adamorobe Sign Language does not). Further, village sign languages present distinct sociolinguistic contexts that are instructive to study with respect to understanding language contact issues. Finally, the endangered status of these languages raises philosophical questions about the nature of human language.

Topic: Hearing Impairment and Communication
Subfield: Developmental and Educational Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Dissecting the roles of individual interactions in protein stability: Lessons from a circularized protein

Abstract A circular form of bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor (BPTI) has been prepared by introducing a peptide bond between the N‐ and C‐termini, which are in close proximity in the native conformation. The pathway and energetics of the disulphide‐coupled folding transition of the circular protein have been studied using methods applied previously to the unmodified protein. The cross‐link between the termini was found not to significantly stabilize the native state in spite of the expected reduction in entropy of the unfolded protein. This unexpected result has led to a reexamination of the stabilization expected from a cross‐link, considering effects on the native, as well as unfolded, states of the protein. The greatest stabilization is expected when the cross‐linked groups are held rigidly in the native protein in the optimum orientation for forming the cross‐link. Similar analyses, utilizing thermodynamic cycles, can be applied to other interactions that stabilize native proteins, including disulphide bonds, salt bridges, and hydrogen bonds and to modifications to the protein that remove them. In general, the contribution of an individual interaction to the stability of the native state depends on the extent to which the interaction is favored in the native conformation, which can vary greatly depending on the local environment of the interacting groups.

Topic: Protein Structure and Dynamics
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Proposta de um indicador comunitário em saúde bucal

A execução de políticas públicas que culminem na redução das iniqüidades em saúde bucal requer, dos gestores do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), planejamento de ações simplificadas, de alcance universal e com participação dos atores sociais envolvidos no processo. O Indicador Comunitário em Saúde Bucal – ICSB tem por objetivo constituir “nova tecnologia” para obtenção de dados, de maneira fácil e simples, que possam dar agilidade à organização de um planejamento com vistas à eqüidade, e com o intuito de melhorar a condição de saúde bucal da população. Como estratégia, envolvendo o agente comunitário de saúde (ACS) do Programa Saúde da Família (PSF), elaborou-se o instrumento (ICSB) para levantar dados da situação epidemiológica em saúde bucal da população. O desenho metodológico consiste, inicialmente, em oficina de treinamento para os ACS e posterior levantamento de dados junto à população. Os cirurgiões-dentistas, envolvidos no projeto, serão repassadores da oficina para os ACS na identificação dos problemas de saúde bucal e grau de severidade. Consi derando a necessidade de tratamento, o cirurgião-dentista desenvolverá as ações em Saúde Bucal com base no princípio da eqüidade.

Topic: Dental Health and Care Utilization
Subfield: Periodontics
Field: Dentistry
Domain: Health Sciences
Lyonetia torquens Meyrick 1922

11. Lyonetia torquens Meyrick, 1922: 558 TL: Khasi hills (now in Meghalaya) (Holotype, ♀, NHMUK) Distribution. Indian records: Meghalaya. Global records: not known.

Topic: Lepidoptera: Biology and Taxonomy
Subfield: Genetics
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Achievers University,2022/2023 Admission Form/Jupeb Form ☎ 07066280862 ☎ 07066280862 Prof Mrs Mercy CHANGE OF COURSE, The minimum qualification for the Degree Program is 5 credits including English Language, Mathematics and any three other relevant subjects at the WASC/NECO/NABTEB Examinations or their equivalent (at no more than 2 sittings.

Achievers University,2022/2023 Admission Form/Jupeb Form ☎️ 07066280862 ☎️ 07066280862 Prof Mrs Mercy CHANGE OF COURSE, The minimum qualification for the Degree Program is 5 credits including English Language, Mathematics and any three other relevant subjects at the WASC/NECO/NABTEB Examinations or their equivalent (at no more than 2 sittings.

Topic: Hermeneutics and Narrative Identity
Subfield: Philosophy
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Application of Electronic Choledochoscopic Treatment for Patients with Biliary Calculi

Objective: To explore the therapeutic eficacy and safety of cholangioscopic double-pulse U 100 laser for biliary duct residual stone after operation. Methods: From January 2003 to January 2007, 168 patients with biliary duct residual stone after biliary duct operation were treated by double pulse U 100 laser under electronic choledochoscope, including 46 cases with extrahepatic bile duct stone, 89 cases with intrahepatic bile duct stone, 33 cases with intrahepatie and extrahepatie bile duct stone. Results: The successful rate of cure was 99 5% (166/168), 2 case with intrahepatic bile duct stone was failed to cure, because of biliary duct stenosis. Conclusion: The double–pulse U 1 00 laser under electronic choledochoscope is a safe an effective way in the treatment of intrahepatic and extrahepatic bile duct stone.

Topic: Gallbladder and Bile Duct Disorders
Subfield: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Structural DNA Nanotechnology for Intelligent Drug Delivery

Drug delivery carriers have been popularly employed to improve solubility, stability, and efficacy of chemical and biomolecular drugs. Despite the rapid progress in this field, it remains a great challenge to develop an ideal carrier with minimal cytotoxicity, high biocompatibility and intelligence for targeted controlled release. The emergence of DNA nanotechnology offers unprecedented opportunities in this regard. Due to the unparalleled self‐recognition properties of DNA molecules, it is possible to create numerous artificial DNA nanostructures with well‐defined structures and DNA nanodevices with precisely controlled motions. More importantly, recent studies have proven that DNA nanostructures possess greater permeability to the membrane barrier of cells, which pave the way to developing new drug delivery carriers with nucleic acids, are summarized. In this Concept, recent advances on the design and fabrication of both static and dynamic DNA nanostructures, and the use of these nanostructures for the delivery of various types of drugs, are highlighted. It is also demonstrated that dynamic DNA nanostructures provide the required intelligence to realize logically controlled drug release.

Topic: Advanced biosensing and bioanalysis techniques
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Porogenic Behavior of Water in High‐Alumina Castable Structures

Direct casting is a processing method that can produce large parts of complex geometry. It uses dispersions of ceramic particles in water and a hydraulic binder for consolidation. Studies on castable structures have reported the generation of a significant fraction of pores due to the presence of water. This effect occurs because drying preserves part of the interparticle pores originally occupied by water. The fraction of pores obtained in these cases can reach levels higher than 50%, affecting the properties of the structure. However, the porogenic behavior of water in these materials was not investigated in depth. In this work, aqueous suspensions of calcined alumina and hydratable alumina (hydraulic binder) of different water contents (40–60 vol.%) were prepared in a paddler mixer. For compositions of lower (5–35 vol.%) or higher (66–80 vol.%) water amounts, casting and curing steps were assisted by external pressure and a rotating device, respectively, to produce homogeneous microstructures. The total porosity after drying was similar to the initial volumetric content of water in the compositions when side effects, such as sedimentation and air entrapment, were prevented. Below water content of 25 vol.%, particles packing flaws became the main pore generator and the hydroxylation reaction of the binder no longer occurred effectively.

Topic: Advanced ceramic materials synthesis
Subfield: Ceramics and Composites
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
LEADER OF CHANGE BASED ON THE PERCEPTIONS OF THE BUGIS AND MAKASSAR COMMUNITIES

Nowadays, the organization can be called a boundaryless organization, as moving from one organization to another and from one place to another is inevitable. In this regard, understanding the condition and characteristics of a society and culture is a must for a leader. A leader, especially a change leader, has to understand the culture, as he or she has to influence subordinates to follow the organization's objectives, without employees' commitment and support, the organizational change will be hard to achieve. Meanwhile, Indonesia consists of thousands of islands with various ethnics and cultures, making Indonesia a very diverse country, which then makes a leader should have an understanding of the characteristics of the people in the organization. The ethnic of Bugis-Makassar is the majority of the ethnic who stay in Makassar city. This study uses a qualitative approach with FGD as the tool in data collection. The number of participants is 30. The results show that the majority of the participants prefer to have a leader with the role of Coach compared with the other two roles. This result is expected to have contributed to the change leader that will be assigned in the organization with the majority of people from Bugis-Makassar.

Topic: Employee Performance and Management
Subfield: Human Factors and Ergonomics
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Developing a New Sensing Technology for Double-Stranded DNA Detection Utilizing Engineered Zinc Finger Proteins and Nanomaterials

A specific double-stranded DNA sensing system is of great interest for diagnostic and other biomedical applications. Zinc finger domains, which recognize double-stranded DNA, can be engineered to form custom DNA-binding proteins for recognition of specific DNA sequences. As a proof of concept, a sequence-enabled reassembly of TEM-1 β- lactamase system (SEER-LAC) was previously demonstrated to develop zinc finger protein (ZFP) arrays for the detection of a double-stranded bacterial DNA sequence. Here, we implemented the SEER-LAC system to demonstrate the direct detection of pathogenspecific DNA sequences present in E. coli O157:H7 on the lab-on-a chip. ZFPs customdesigned to detect shiga toxin in E. coli O157:H7 were immobilized on the cyclic olefin copolymer (COC) chip, which can function as a non-PCR based molecular diagnostic. Pathogen-specific double-stranded DNA was directly detected by engineered ZFPs immobilized on the COC chip, providing a detection limit of 10 fmole of target DNA in colorimetric assay. Therefore, in this study, we demonstrated a great potential of ZFP arrays on the COC chip for further development of a simple and novel lab-on-a chip technology for detection of pathogens. Antibiotic resistance is a serious, and rapidly growing global threat. Here, we designed a novel screening method to detect antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in bacteria using a graphene oxide-based biosensor utilizing engineered ZFPs. Two-dimensional graphene oxide (GO) sheet possesses unique electronic, thermal, and mechanical properties. The quenching ability of GO can create novel methods for detection of biomolecules. Our approach utilizes quenching of fluorescence signal by GO in the absence of target ARGs, but restoring the signal in the presence of target ARGs. Quantum dot (QD)- labeled ZFP can bind to GO via stacking interactions of aromatic and hydrophobic residues in conjunction with hydrogen bonding interaction between hydroxyl or carboxyl groups of GO and hydroxyl or amine groups of the protein. Due to fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) between QD and GO when they are in close proximity, fluorescence signal of QD-labeled ZFP is expected to be quenched. In the presence of target DNA, the bound DNA-protein complex is released from GO, restoring the fluorescence signal.

Topic: Advanced biosensing and bioanalysis techniques
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Trajectory optimization using fast-time repetitive computation

A perturbation method of computing optimum t r a j e c t o r i e s is described.This method uses fast -t i m e r e p e t i t i v e computations i n determining control impulse response functions and requires only dynamic solutions of t h e state equations.The solution of additional l i n e a r adjoint equations i s not required.Both a lqybrid and a d i g i t a l computer mechanization of t h i s impulse response method a r e described.nization are presented, using t h e same problem formulation i n each case.The problem constraints were t h a t a reentry vehicle t r a v e l a specified range, that t h e control remain within specified limits, and t h a t t h e heat input t o t h e vehicle be minimized. Sample solutions f o r each computer mecha-A comparison i s made betweent h e hybrid computer and t h e d i g i t a l corrrputer mechanizations, each computed near optimum t r a j e c t o r i e s i n about 2 minutes and f u l l optimum t r a j e ct o r i e s i n about 5 minutes of computer t i m e .--V .

Topic: Spacecraft Dynamics and Control
Subfield: Aerospace Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Role of Terrestrial Hydrologic Memory in Modulating ENSO Impacts in North America

Relationships among the terrestrial hydrologic processes over the North American continent associated with the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) are investigated using a large-area basin-scale land surface model driven by the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts Re-Analyses 15-yr (1979–93) dataset. The modeling approach allows for the study of the relationships of ENSO with several hydrologic variables simultaneously, such as soil water storage, basin runoff, snow-water equivalent, and precipitation. The cross-correlation coefficients between terrestrial variables and the ENSO index are computed. The runoff from the northern part of North America was found to be most often negatively correlated with ENSO, and there are four distinct coherent regions over the continent where the runoff anomalies are positively correlated. The terrestrial systems have a delayed response to the ENSO signal, as compared to the precipitation, and the delay may range from a month to a season or longer. The shorter and longer delays are typically associated with rainfall runoff, and snow accumulation and melt processes, respectively. The soil moisture storage plays a very vital role in delaying the effects of the climate variability on the terrestrial hydrologic processes and in extending the influences of the El Niño or La Niña events on the terrestrial climate.

Topic: Climate variability and models
Subfield: Global and Planetary Change
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
“How Much Can One Book Do?”: Exploring Perceptions of a Common Book Program for First-Year University Students

This article reports on student surveys and faculty interviews with regard to a university pilot project of a common book program for first-year students. We found that a minority of students read the book and the book was integrated into only some faculty members’ courses. First-year students varied in their perceptions of the impact the project had on selected literacy skills, with small to moderate gains reported. In addition, the program did not create a sense of community for students or faculty members. Some students and all faculty members believed the program had the potential to have a greater impact on students’ university-level skills and to create a sense of community in future years. Practical implications for common book programs and suggestions for future research are discussed.

Topic: Service-Learning and Community Engagement
Subfield: Education
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences