jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Mapping the Structural Determinants Responsible for Enhanced T Cell Activation to the Immunogenic Adeno-Associated Virus Capsid from Isolate Rhesus 32.33

ABSTRACT Avoiding activation of immunity to vector-encoded proteins is critical to the safe and effective use of adeno-associated viral (AAV) vectors for gene therapy. While commonly used serotypes, such as AAV serotypes 1, 2, 7, 8, and 9, are often associated with minimal and/or dysfunctional CD8 + T cell responses in mice, the threshold for immune activation appears to be lower in higher-order species. We have modeled this discrepancy within the mouse by identifying two capsid variants with differential immune activation profiles: AAV serotype 8 (AAV8) and a hybrid between natural rhesus isolates AAVrh32 and AAVrh33 (AAVrh32.33). Here, we aimed to characterize the structural determinants of the AAVrh32.33 capsid that augment cellular immunity to vector-encoded proteins or those of AAV8 that may induce tolerance. We hypothesized that the structural domain responsible for differential immune activation could be mapped to surface-exposed regions of the capsid, such as hypervariable regions (HVRs) I to IX of VP3. To test this, a series of hybrid AAV capsids was constructed by swapping domains between AAV8 and AAVrh32.33. By comparing their ability to generate transgene-specific T cells in vivo versus the stability of transgene expression in the muscle, we confirmed that the functional domain lies within the VP3 portion of the capsid. Our studies were able to exclude the regions of VP3 which are not sufficient for augmenting the cellular immune response, notably, HVRs I, II, and V. We have also identified HVR IV as a region of interest in conferring the efficiency and stability of muscle transduction to AAVrh32.33.

Topic: Virus-based gene therapy research
Subfield: Genetics
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
High frequency injection assisted &amp;#x201C;active flux&amp;#x201D; based sensorless vector control of reluctance synchronous motors, with experiments from zero speed

This paper presents a hybrid, motion sensorless control of an Axially Laminated Anisotropic (ALA) Reluctance Synchronous Machine (RSM). The zero and low speed sensorless method is a saliency based High Frequency Signal<br/>Injection technique (HFSI) that uses the motor itself as a resolver. The second method is based on a state observer incorporating the “active flux” concept used to deliver RSM rotor position and speed information for medium and high<br/>speed range. Even if both methods perform successfully in separate speed regions, estimation of the two algorithms is combined as a sensor fusion to improve performance at zero and very low speeds. Experimental results validate the proposed control strategies.

Topic: Sensorless Control of Electric Motors
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Spent Fuel Assembly Modeling for Unattended Gamma Emission Tomography (UGET) Project

of spent fuel assemblies. Since August 2013, a set of measurement campaigns has been conducted at the Central Interim Storage Facility for Spent Nuclear Fuel (Clab), in collaboration with Swedish Nuclear Fuel and Waste Management Company (SKB). A purpose of the measurement campaigns was to acquire passive gamma spectra with high-purity germanium and lanthanum bromide scintillation detectors from Pressurized Water Reactor and Boiling Water Reactor spent fuel assemblies. The absolute 137Cs count rate and the 154Eu/137Cs, 134Cs/137Cs, 106Ru/137Cs, and 144Ce/137Cs isotopic ratios were extracted; these values were used to construct corresponding model functions (which describe each measured quantity's behavior over various combinations of burnup, cooling time, and initial enrichment) and then were used to determine those same quantities in each measured spent fuel assembly. Finally, the results obtained in comparison with the operator declared values, as well as the methodology developed, are discussed in detail in the paper.

Topic: Nuclear Materials and Properties
Subfield: Materials Chemistry
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Navigating the Gap Between Dialogic and Diagnostic Organization Development

This piece reflects on my recent transition from practitioner to academic. Drawing from my experience, I highlight a case that explains what I see as a gap in organization development theory. Illustrating an as yet untheorized aspect of how dialogic and diagnostic theories come together, I propose a future focus of integrating the virtues of these two perspectives.

Topic: Organizational Learning and Leadership
Subfield: Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management
Field: Business, Management and Accounting
Domain: Social Sciences
A Multilevel Framework for Effective Interagency Collaboration in Mental Health

The difficulty of coordinating service provision in interagency programs is a challenge for many working in public policy. We reflect on lessons learned through evaluating two inter‐agency supported housing programs for people with mental illness and propose a framework outlining components needed for well co‐ordinated service provision. We specify collaborative mechanisms at the policy, agency, service and client level. The key component is the role of an ‘integration coordinator': a person who is able to facilitate relationships and ensure effective information flows. Relationships need to be actively maintained to meet the inevitable challenges that will arise in complex interagency systems. The framework is relevant to policymakers across the public sector, including mental health, drug and alcohol, aged care, and policing .

Topic: Mental Health and Patient Involvement
Subfield: General Health Professions
Field: Health Professions
Domain: Health Sciences
Pocket Protein-Independent Repression of Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator and Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 Gene Expression by E2F1

Expression of genes of the plasminogen activator (PA) system declines at the G(0)/G(1)-S-phase boundary of the cell cycle. We found that overexpression of E2F1-3, which acts mainly in late G(1), inhibits promoter activity and endogenous expression of the urokinase-type PA (uPA) and PA inhibitor 1 (PAI-1) genes. This effect is dose dependent and conserved in evolution. Mutation analysis indicated that both the DNA-binding and transactivation domains of E2F1 are necessary for this regulation. Interestingly, an E2F1 mutant lacking the pRB-binding region strongly repressed the uPA and PAI-1 promoters. An E2F-mediated negative effect was also observed in pRB and p107/p130 knockout cell lines. This is the first report that E2F can act as a repressor independently of pocket proteins. Mutation of AP-1 elements in the uPA promoter abrogated E2F-mediated transcriptional inhibition, suggesting the involvement of AP-1 in this regulation. Results shown here identify E2F as an important component of transcriptional control of the PA system and thus provide new insights into mechanisms of cellular proliferation.

Topic: Protease and Inhibitor Mechanisms
Subfield: Cancer Research
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Forms of Talk

“Forms of talk” reflects a 1960s‐era interdisciplinary regrouping of approaches to the study of language use within the social sciences and humanities. Scholars in anthropology, folkloristics, sociology, and sociolinguistics rallied around “talk” and forms of “speaking” as conceptual emblems to expand the range of phenomena that fell within the purview of language sciences during a period when North American linguists were restricting their scope to purely formal linguistic cognitive phenomena. “Talk” in particular implied reflexive action whereas “speech” often denoted unconscious linguistic behavior. Likewise, humans were reframed as active social actors instead of passive human subjects. Among the most influential scholars from that time was sociologist Erving Goffman. A volume of his essays was published as Forms of Talk . The ideas and frameworks contained therein still animate lively interdisciplinary debates and figure in analyses of enregistered voices and remediated genres and frameworks for participation in systems of mass‐mediated communication.

Topic: Language, Discourse, Communication Strategies
Subfield: Language and Linguistics
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
J. S. Mill and J. E. Cairnes on Natural Value: The Role of Expectations in Late-Classical Thought

Research Article| March 01 1989 J. S. Mill and J. E. Cairnes on Natural Value: The Role of Expectations in Late-Classical Thought Evelyn L. Forget Evelyn L. Forget 1 Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google History of Political Economy (1989) 21 (1): 103–121. https://doi.org/10.1215/00182702-21-1-103 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Tools Icon Tools Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Evelyn L. Forget; J. S. Mill and J. E. Cairnes on Natural Value: The Role of Expectations in Late-Classical Thought. History of Political Economy 1 March 1989; 21 (1): 103–121. doi: https://doi.org/10.1215/00182702-21-1-103 Download citation file: Zotero Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search Books & JournalsAll JournalsHistory of Political Economy Search Advanced Search The text of this article is only available as a PDF. Copyright © 1989 by Duke University Press1989 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal Issue Section: Articles You do not currently have access to this content.

Topic: Political Theory and Influence
Subfield: Political Science and International Relations
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Psychosocial stress and its predictors among radiographers in south-eastern Nigeria : peer reviewed original article

Radiographers are particularly prone to psychosocial stress due to heavy workload which may affect their health and work patterns. This study examined the predictors of psychosocial stress among radiographers in south-eastern Nigeria. A total of fifty (n=50) radiographers, drawn from the five states in the region, completed the questionnaire that included sections on demographic data, work environment, predictors of stress and recommendations. The study found no significant difference in the levels of stress experienced by all categories of radiographers. The predictors of psychosocial stress were found to be work-place problems, role ambiguity, role conflict and lack of social support. Work problems and role conflicts appear to have the greatest impact on perceived stress. Role ambiguity was found to be the only predictor of stress that correlated significantly with job satisfaction. The study recommends employment of more radiographers by hospital managers, improved remuneration, clear definition of roles and organisation of stress-intervention programs for radiographers as ways of reducing stress.

Topic: Healthcare professionals’ stress and burnout
Subfield: General Health Professions
Field: Health Professions
Domain: Health Sciences
The Response of Circuits to Sine-Squared Pulses: Influence of Cutoff

The sine-squared pulse response of a C-R-L circuit is worked out to gain insight into the influence of bandwidth limitation without delay equalization on the response to a sine-squared pulse. Since the results are normalized to the half-amplitude duration of the pulse, they apply to any such pulse. Graphs are presented of pulse-to-bar ratio versus bandwidth and of lobe-to-pulse ratio versus bandwidth. Furthermore, for the purpose of estimating the best K-rating to be expected from minimum-phase low-pass real circuits, the relation between minmum K-factor (resulting from optimum circuit arrangement) and bandwidth is given in tabular and graph form.

Topic: VLSI and Analog Circuit Testing
Subfield: Hardware and Architecture
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Conceptualising and measuring mental fitness: A Delphi study

Despite the increased use of the term mental fitness in the popular and psychological literature, there is little consensus in relation to theory, definition and measurement.The concept of mental fitness could be used to parsimoniously engage, educate and promote proactive, positive mental health activities to the wider community, without stigma and within a language that is easily understood.This Delphi study engaged an international expert panel (n = 25) to evaluate a definition and four guiding principles of mental fitness.Expert consensus was achieved supporting the definition and four guiding principles with suggested modifications.The final definition of mental fitness is "the modifiable capacity to utilise resources and skills to flexibly adapt to challenges or advantages, enabling thriving".The final four guiding principles are (1) fitness is a positive term without connotations of illness implied by mental health or mental illness; (b) mental fitness could be understood by the wider community in a similar way to physical fitness; (c) mental fitness is measurable; and (d) mental fitness can be improved, in a similar way to physical fitness.The panel also offered valuable recommendations for future research and practice.

Topic: Psychological Well-being and Life Satisfaction
Subfield: Social Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Cytochrome P450 epoxygenases provide a novel mechanism for penile erection

Erectile dysfunction (ED) is estimated to affect more than 30 million American men and 152 million men worldwide. Therapeutic agents targeting the nitric oxide/cyclic GMP signaling pathway have successfully treated patients with ED; however, the efficacies of these treatments are significantly lower in specific populations such as patients with diabetes. The goal of this study was to discover and identify new endothelium‐derived relaxing factors involved in the regulation of erectile function, providing alternative therapeutic targets for treatment of ED. Immunoblotting results showed that protein expressions of epoxygenases from cytochrome P450 (CYP)2B, 2C and 2J subfamilies, as well as NADPH CYP reductase were present in rat corpora cavernosa, which was confirmed by immunohistochemical analysis. Furthermore, CYP2C was localized in cavernosal endothelial cells using double immunolabeling. CYP epoxygenase activity was analyzed by reverse‐phase high‐pressure liquid chromatography; and the results showed that 11,12‐ epoxyeicosatrienoic acid (EET) was the major product metabolized by CYP epoxygenases in rat corpora cavernosa. Inhibition of EETs function by injection of an EETs antagonist into rat penis significantly decreased intracavernosal pressure‐induced by electrical stimulation of the major pelvic ganglion in vivo. In conclusion, our results suggest that EETs, produced by CYP epoxygenases, in penile endothelial cells serve as vasodilators. Inhibition of this pathway attenuated erectile function, suggesting that EETs are required for normal erection.

Topic: Eicosanoids and Hypertension Pharmacology
Subfield: Biochemistry
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Social Mobility of Immigrants in Canada

The object of this paper is to examine some of the operational problems that arose in studying the social mobility of post-war immigrants in Canada and to present the findings of a survey concerning the pattern and degree of mobility exhibited by the immigrants. The research was part of an extensive survey of the economic and social absorption of post-war immigrants carried out in association with the Dominion Bureau of Statistics and the Research Division of the Canadian Department of Citizenship and Immigration.

Topic: Canadian Identity and History
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Structural–visual approach for dental examination in children with autism spectrum disorder: A systematic review

Abstract Introduction Conducting Dental examination in children with autism is challenging due to the limitation in cooperativeness that is caused by impairment of communication, social interaction, and sensory sensitivities. Aims This study aims to provide evidence base for the structural–visual approach in reducing uncooperativeness behavior to dental care in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Methods Searches were conducted in the electronic databases PubMed, PsycINFO, and Cochrane from inception to October 2021 (CRD42022383409). Randomized controlled trials (RCTs), non‐RCTs, and pre/post‐test and qualitative studies that conducting visual pedagogy and visual learning methods were included. The quality of evidence was assessed with Cochrane Collaboration's Risk of Bias Tool for RCTs, Risk of Bias in Non‐randomized Studies—of Interventions (ROBINS‐I) for non‐RCTs, and Critical Appraisal Skill Program (CASP) for qualitative studies. Results The initial search identified 270 studies, and 256 remained after removing duplicates. After screening titles and abstracts, 62 studies were remained for full‐text assessed, and finally 13 eligible studies were selected for reviews. The studies analyzed various structural–visual interventions, participants, study design, countries, and outcomes. Conclusion The structural–visual approach could reduce uncooperative behavior in children with ASD. Future study should investigate the wide range of age and varied behavior approach as the evidence‐based of the clinical management.

Topic: Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
Subfield: Cognitive Neuroscience
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences
Discovering the structure of complex networks: Implementation and Complexity of the heuristic MACH

Getting a labeling of vertices close to the structure of the graph has been proven to be of interest in many applications e.g., to follow signals indexed by the vertices of the network. This question can be related to a graph labeling problem known as the cyclic bandwidth sum problem. It consists in finding a labeling of the vertices of an undirected and unweighted graph with distinct integers such that the sum of (cyclic) difference of labels of adjacent vertices is minimized. Although theoretical results exist that give optimal value of cyclic bandwidth sum for standard graphs, there are neither results in the general case, nor explicit methods to reach this optimal result. In addition to this lack of theoretical knowledge, only a few methods have been proposed to approximately solve this problem. This report describes the implementation and the complexity of the heuristic MACH, developed to find an approximate solution for the cyclic bandwidth sum problem, by following the structure of the graph. The heuristic is a two-step algorithm: the first step consists of traversing the graph to find a set of paths which follow the structure of the graph, using a similarity criterion based on the Jaccard index to jump from one vertex to the next one. The second step is the merging of all obtained paths, based on a greedy approach that extends a partial solution by inserting a new path at the position that minimizes the cyclic bandwidth sum. 1 Description of the heuristic MACH The aim of the heuristic, introduced in [1], is to build a labeling by traversing the graph to discover its structure. The heuristic we propose consists of a two-step algorithm. The first step performs local searches in order to find a collection of independent paths with respect to the local structure of the graph, while the second step determines the best way to arrange the paths such that the objective function of the Cyclic Bandwidth Sum is minimized.

Topic: Complex Network Analysis Techniques
Subfield: Statistical and Nonlinear Physics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Fiber emission of carbon nanotube containing materials for construction applications

This project aimed to assess the carbon nanotube (CNT) fiber emission and the potential exposure associated with grinding and brushing of CNT containing products for applications in construction. Specifically, we looked at applications of pre-dispersed CNT in a liquid phase, where the likelihood of exposure was evaluated. The CNT products to be evaluated were tested in two ways: As a dried-out film formed on the surfaces of concrete tiles to simulate a spill and embedded in concrete during mixing to simulate intended use. The surface film trial showed no loose and individual CNT fiber with aspect ratio higher than 3 to 1 released by the brushing motion, although larger particles containing CNT were found as airborne particles originating from the brushing of CNT containing tile surfaces. A few non-CNT straight fibers with sub-micrometer to a few micrometers in length were found from concrete cylinder grinding. This can potentially be related to the specific loading and concentration used or can be a consequence of the chemical pre-dispersion state of the liquid CNT prior to the trials taking place. According to the low number of CNT containing particles found, very trace amount of elemental carbon was contributed by CNTs. We also demonstrated the importance of confirming the presence of individual CNT and CNT containing substance using electron microscopy analysis and the efficiency of using direct sampling method as a result of comparisons among employed methods. Copyright © 2021 American Association for Aerosol Research

Topic: Nanotechnology research and applications
Subfield: Biomedical Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Hyperthyroidism with periodic paralysis, acropachy, pre-tibial myxoedema, transient atrial fibrillation and myopathy

Summary A case of thyrotoxicosis presenting with periodic paralysis and later complicated by acropachy, pretibial myxoedema and transient atrial fibrillation is described. This association has not been reported previously. Possible aetiological links are discussed.

Topic: Ion channel regulation and function
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
[Effects of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor on focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats].

G-CSF promotes neurological function recovery and neural cell regeneration after cerebral infarction in rats and can be effective for intervention of focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury.

Topic: Neurological Disease Mechanisms and Treatments
Subfield: Neurology
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences
Baryon Acoustic Peak and the Squeezed Limit Bispectrum

In the non-relativistic regime, pertinent to the large scale structure of the Universe, the leading effect of a long-wavelength perturbation $δ(λ_L)$ on short distance physics is a uniform acceleration $\propto λ_L δ(λ_L)$. Typically, this has no effect on statistical averages at equal time since a uniform acceleration results in a uniform translation -- a reasoning that has been formalized as a "consistency condition" on the cosmological correlation functions. This naive expectation fails in the presence of the baryon acoustic feature provided $λ_L &lt; \ell_{\rm BAO}$. We derive the squeezed limit of correlation functions in this regime.

Topic: Cosmology and Gravitation Theories
Subfield: Astronomy and Astrophysics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences