jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Debatten om begreppen - "genus" i Kvinnovetenskaplig tidskrift 1980-1998

This article concerns a lively conceptual debate that took place in Kvinnovetenskaplig tidskrift during 1980-1998. When Yvonne Hirdman, a Swedish historian, in 1988 introduced the concepts of gender and gendersystem in KVT (in Swedish: genus och genussystem), this sparked off intense discussions and caused theoretical divisions within Swedish feminism. Opinions were divided on the direction that one believed the theori/.ation should take. Should one strive for something like a new Grand Theory on women's subordination or should the aspirations be somewhat smaller? In this article the author illustrates the shifting emphases in the journal on such theoretical problems as essentialism versus social constructivism and "agents versus structures". The article also lakes into account the new challenges that different theories of a more or less postmodern nature put forward. The ongoing feminist theoretical development has included an expansion, both in terms of a broadening of the investigatory horizon and research delving deeper into various fields. Nowadays Women's Studies is only one part of the larger field of Gender Studies. Genus, today, signifies the growing amount of knowledge about sex and gender, femininity and masculinity, and is often conceptualized, not as a system, but as an ongoing process of historically changing ideas.

Topic: Social and Educational Sciences
Subfield: Education
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Regional integration and the development of tax systems in the European Union

Within the past 10 to 15 years, the conditions for the funding of public sectors have changed worldwide through the increasing integration of capital markets. Within the European Union (EU), this development has been reinforced by the abolition of remaining capital controls as part of the internal market programme. At the same time, the completion of the internal market encompassed the abolition of border controls between EU member states, resulting in increased trans-border mobility of consumers. These simultaneous changes in factor and commodity markets pose a number of challenges for tax policy in the European Union, which are of relevance for other integrating regions.

Topic: European Monetary and Fiscal Policies
Subfield: Finance
Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance
Domain: Social Sciences
Neural Substrates of Practice Structure That Support Future Off-Line Learning

Off-line learning is facilitated when motor skills are acquired under a random practice schedule and retention suffers when a similar set of motor skills are practiced under a blocked schedule. The current study identified the neural correlates of a random training schedule while participants learned a set of four-element finger sequences using their nondominant hand during functional magnetic resonance imaging. A go/no go task was used to separately probe brain areas supporting sequence preparation and production. By the end of training, the random practice schedule, relative to the block schedule, recruited a broad premotor–parietal network as well as sensorimotor and subcortical regions during both preparation and production trials, despite equivalent motor performance. Longitudinal analysis demonstrated that preparation-related activity under a random schedule remained stable or increased over time. The blocked schedule showed the opposite pattern. Across individual subjects, successful skill retention was correlated with greater activity at the end of training in the ipsilateral left motor cortex, for both preparation and production. This is consistent with recent evidence that attributes off-line learning to training-related processing within primary motor cortex. These results reflect the importance of an overlooked aspect of motor skill learning. Specifically, how trials are organized during training—with a random schedule—provides an effective basis for the formation of enduring motor memories, through enhanced engagement of core regions involved in the active preparation and implementation of motor programs.

Topic: Motor Control and Adaptation
Subfield: Cognitive Neuroscience
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences
A Utilitarian Antagonist: The Zombie in Popular Video Games

Although not the first horror game Resident Evil, released by developer Capcom in 1996 for the Sony Playstation, certainly helped to popularise horror games, spawning numerous sequels and imitators, not to mention a successful film franchise. Much game scholarship has focused on this game and its role in the establishment and determination of the survival horror game. But, although the game is certainly legitimately established as canon in this respect, it is odd that, given the importance of representations in horror games, one of the central aspects of this horror, the zombie, is largely ignored in favour of situating the game within broader genre categories.

Topic: Digital Games and Media
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Crystallography history, a tool for science education

To introduce Crystallography to the Public, we have organized the crystallography exhibition "Journey into the crystal" in 2009, a "Laue Symposium" in 2012 and a "Bragg symposium, Crystallography for life" in 2013. For the IYCr2014 we have created a set of multilingual hands-on travelling exhibitions to be used in different communities and particularly in emerging countries (in Africa, South America, Asia,...). In addition, we create a set of multilingual tools and other educational material like games to come with these exhibition presentations. A voyage of discovery: Based on this travelling exhibition, we can take visitors on a journey of discovery of matter, but also on a journey through time to the beginnings of crystallography. The public discover why crystal puzzles people so much, why it is so useful to science and why it plays such an important role in our daily lives. With crystallography the public can discover, for example: -1- The myths surrounding diamonds including the surprising fact that diamonds will burn like graphite. Thanks to crystallography, the answer lies in the structure of their chemical bonds. -2- How, in the 18th and 19th centuries, scientists still managed to imagine the architecture of crystals, even though they could not use X-rays to see inside them. -3- Here, use a laser as a source of the light to explain `diffraction and learn how the 1895 discovery of the mysterious "X-Rays" inspired the work of Laue and the Braggs, father and son, making it possible to "journey" into the heart of a crystal. -4- The discovery of DNA and the use of crystallography to understand the biological world and thus the secret of life. This knowledge has greatly contributed to the development of new drugs and thus to the expansion of the pharmaceutical industry. -5- Play with card games or mosaics to understand easily the concepts of periodicity and atomic order and see the explanation of crystal's shape and symmetry. -6- Cultivate crystals,... the specific qualities of crystals make them key materials in many applications and we must take our time to make large crystals...

Topic: History of Science and Natural History
Subfield: History and Philosophy of Science
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Bacterial vaginosis: clinical, epidemiologic and microbiological features

Bacterial Vaginosis (BV) is a polymicrobial clinical syndrome, whose etiolgy has not been fully understood which may occur in approximately 30% of the women of childbearing age. It is result of the substitution of protective resident microorganisms as Labtobacillus spp. by opportunistic pathogenic bacteria such as Gardnerella vaginalis. Patients with BV generally presents with copious, thin, homogeneous, milky, foul-smelling flow. Vaginal pH is greater than 4.5 and microscopy reveals bacteria-covered epithelial cells, termed “clue cells”. Around 50% of the patients are asymptomatic and the disease is associated with gynecologic complications, such as cervicitis, salpingitis, endometritis, post-operative infections and pelvic inflammatory disease; and obstetric complications, such as premature rupture of the membranes, preterm deliveries, chorioamniotitis and postpartum endometritis. Although the Nugent’s method is accepted as the gold standard for diagnosing BV, Amsel criteria are generally used for diagnosis in clinical practice. The Papanicolaou method is a valid diagnostic option, chiefly when it yields a positive result (mean specificity 95% when compared to gold standard). G. vaginalis has been almost universally recovered from women with BV, plays an important role in the pathogenesis of the disease, besides it may be detected in about 50% of healthy women. According to the literature, first-line drugs for BV treatment worldwide are metronidazole and clindamycin. However, regional studies on G. vaginalis drug susceptibility patterns are needed faced the so fast growing bacterial antimicrobial resistance phenomenon.

Topic: Reproductive tract infections research
Subfield: Microbiology
Field: Immunology and Microbiology
Domain: Life Sciences
One-Step Preparation of Cesium Lead Halide CsPbX<sub>3</sub> (X = Cl, Br, and I) Perovskite Nanocrystals by Microwave Irradiation

CsPbX<sub>3</sub> (X = Cl, Br, I) nanocrystals (NCs) are competitive emitting materials for illumination and display because of their outstanding photophysical properties. However, the conventional synthetic approaches suffer from low yields, complex procedures, and toxic chemicals. In this work, we demonstrate a one-step microwave-assisted approach to prepare CsPbX<sub>3</sub> NCs. The homogeneous heating and rapid temperature increment of microwave preparation facilitate the growth of CsPbX<sub>3</sub> NCs, producing the NCs with high photoluminescence quantum yields up to 90%, narrow emission full-width at half-maximum, and emission color tunable from blue to red. By optimizing the preparation conditions of the microwave-assisted approach, CsPbX<sub>3</sub> NCs with cation- and halide anion-controlled emission properties, tunable reaction rate, and enhanced stability are prepared. Light-emitting diode (LED) prototypes are further fabricated by employing the as-prepared CsPbX<sub>3</sub> NCs as the color conversion materials on commercially available 365 nm GaN LED chips.

Topic: Perovskite Materials and Applications
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
A variable duty cycle maximum power point tracking algorithm for wind energy conversion systems.

This thesis proposes a new Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) algorithm employed in Wind Energy Conversion Systems (WECS). One of the major issues discussed in the literature concerning HCS is its inefficiency in detecting the peak power when there is a change in wind •speed. In addition, the HCS produces oscillations in delivered power once this peak is detected. A modified HCS algorithm is proposed in this thesis to overcome these limitations. This algorithm employs a variable duty cycle to reduce the oscillations in delivered power once the peak power is detected. The performance of the proposed algorithm was evaluated using MA TLAB-SIMULINK. Efficiencies of 95.48%, 98.8%, and 92.2% were observed under constant wind speed, abrupt wind speed change from 10m/s to 5m/s, and a continuously varying wind speed between 5m/s and 12m/s respectively. The traditional HCS algorithm was also simulated for comparison with efficiencies reduced to 76.27%, 81.35, and 67.86% under the same conditions. These efficiency improvements and the reduction of oscillations during varying wind speeds demonstrate the major achievements of the proposed algorithm.

Topic: Photovoltaic System Optimization Techniques
Subfield: Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment
Field: Energy
Domain: Physical Sciences
The Incentive Limits of Firms: A Comparative Institutional Assessment of Bureaucracy

Why can’t a large firm do everything that a collection of small firms can do and more? This is a variant of a question that has been asked many times before but for which an adequate answer has never been devised — to wit, what is responsible for limitations in firm size? Yet another way of putting this same issue is this: why not organize everything in one large firm?

Topic: Corporate Finance and Governance
Subfield: Accounting
Field: Business, Management and Accounting
Domain: Social Sciences
Large-scale delineation of secreted protein biomarkers overexpressed in cancer tissue and serum

Genetic alterations in tumor cells often lead to the emergence of growth-stimulatory autocrine and paracrine signals, involving overexpression of secreted peptide growth factors, cytokines, and hormones. Increased levels of these soluble proteins may be exploited for cancer diagnosis and management or as points of therapeutic intervention. Here, we combined the use of controlled vocabulary terms and sequence-based algorithms to predict genes encoding secreted proteins from among ≈12,500 sequences represented on oligonucleotide microarrays. Expression of these genes was queried in 150 carcinomas from 10 anatomic sites of origin and compared with 46 normal tissues derived from the corresponding sites of tumor origin and other body tissues and organs. Of 74 different genes identified as overexpressed in cancer tissues, several encode proteins with demonstrated clinical diagnostic application, such as α-fetoprotein in liver carcinoma, and kallikreins 6 and 10 in ovarian cancer, or therapeutic utility, such as gastrin-releasing peptide/bombesin in lung carcinomas. We show that several of the other candidate genes encode proteins with high levels of tumor-associated expression by immunohistochemistry on tissue microarrays and further demonstrate significantly elevated levels of another novel candidate protein, macrophage inhibitory cytokine 1, a distant member of the tranforming growth factor-β superfamily, in the serum of patients with metastatic prostate, breast, and colorectal carcinomas. Our results suggest that the combination of annotation/protein sequence analysis, transcript profiling, immunohistochemistry, and immunoassay is a powerful approach for delineating candidate biomarkers with potential clinical significance and may be broadly applicable to other human diseases.

Topic: Peptidase Inhibition and Analysis
Subfield: Oncology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) Breeding Strategies for Biotic and Abiotic Stresses

The cultivated tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) belongs to the Solanaceae family. The origin of tomato plant traces back to the Andean Region in South America, where wild types are still growing in their natural habitat. Tomatoes went through stages of domestication before it was discovered by the European expeditions in the sixteenth century and introduced to the Old World as an ornamental plant. Today, tomatoes are cultivated and consumed worldwide, either fresh or processed. The total world production of tomatoes in 2018 reached more than 182 million mt, steadily rising annually in consumption. The genomic characteristics and growth habits of tomato have made it a model in plant research with an increasing interest in breeding and development of molecular tools for crop improvement. The main breeding objectives of tomato are fruit yield, quality and resistance to biotic stress and tolerance to abiotic environmental factors. Traditional breeding of tomato is based on gene transfer from wild tomato relatives into modern cultivars. This chapter describes the origin and domestication of tomatoes. Traditional breeding strategies, such as mass selection, pedigree and hybridization methods and use of molecular markers are used to construct linkage maps. Biotic resistance and abiotic tolerance strategies are reviewed and the contributing role of biotechnology in generating new tomato cultivars through mutagenesis and the role of biotechnology and transgenic approaches are discussed.

Topic: Plant Virus Research Studies
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Studies on the breeding of Pelargonium species used for the essential oil production. I. : Artificially induced tetraploid plant in Pelargonium roseum.

(1) There are several species, varieties or strains of fragrant Pelargon;ium which are utilized fcr the production of commercial geranium oil. In Japan Pelargonium roseulee WILLD. was introduced in 1954 for the purpose of increasing production of the oil and its cultivation is now being spread. Previously the leading species cultivated was Pelargoniulec denticulatum. Both species are commonly sterile and do not bear any fruit owing to the complete absence of their fertile pollen. Judging from a stand-point of Pelargoniulmbreeding, it is, especially desirable that such sterile species be able to produce seeds. With the object of breeding Pelargoleiulee species, we attempted to establish the artificial tetr:aploid strain of P. roseum and succeeded. Moreover, we were able to obtain fertility in this species in company with tetraploidy. In this paper we will report briefly on the pr ocess tf cclchicine treatment and some characteristics of the induced tetraploid. (2) Lateral leaf-buds of a cutting of P. roseum, variety called "Bourbon", which was grown in the propagation house, were treated with water solution of 0.3 % colchicine during a week in January of 1956. At the flowering season in April, there appeared some large fertile flowers upon one of the treated branches, in striking contrast to small sterile Llowers of diploid. The branch bearing large flowers proved to be of tetraploidy by the examination of size of stomata of the leaves. Plants were propagated not only by cuttings of the tetraploid branch, but also by sowing seeds obtained from the large flowers .

Topic: Plant Reproductive Biology
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
The syntheses of mesoporous molecular sieves in fluoride medium

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-16T11:34:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 WOSA1996UG04300015.pdf: 292511 bytes, checksum: 86130928ca4e55c5fabddcbc87459b8a (MD5) Previous issue date: 1996

Topic: Mesoporous Materials and Catalysis
Subfield: Materials Chemistry
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Biological parameters of the triatomine, <i>Meccus phyllosomus pallidipennis</i> , fed on two bloodmeal sources under laboratory conditions

Abstract Chagas disease is one of the most important vector‐borne diseases in Latin America, including Mexico. Meccus phyllosomus pallidipennis (Stål), 1872 (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) is a Mexican triatomine vector that is commonly associated with hens and rabbits. The biological parameters of two cohorts fed on hens (H) and on rabbits (R) were evaluated. The median lifecycles of the two cohorts were 198 days (H) and 180 days (R). Moreover, mortality was around 30% in both cohorts. Time lapse for beginning of feeding was 0.5–1.9 (H) and 1.1–2.4 min (R). Feeding times of each instar in both cohorts were over 10 min. Most specimens fed on hens defecated immediately after feeding, whereas those that fed on rabbits defecated within 1–5 min post‐feeding. Similar numbers of males and females (50%) were obtained in both cohorts. An average of 2.1–2.3 eggs per female per day was noted in both cohorts, with eclosion rates of 95.4 (H) and 88.8% (R). Thus, it can be concluded that M. phyllosomus pallidipennis may take advantage of feeding in hens, as in rabbits, which could imply a higher risk of Trypanosoma cruzi transmission to humans and animals in its distribution area.

Topic: Trypanosoma species research and implications
Subfield: Epidemiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
On The Lattice Theory of Expansion

An investigation has been made of the expansion coefficient of two-dimensional lattices - ionic lattices and the close packed hexagonal lattice with central forces. A survey has been made of the Grüneisen constants γν of a representative set of vibrations in reciprocal space. From these a set of functions are constructed from which the variation of the Grüneisen constant γ can be calculated, and which also permit one to see the reasons for the variation. It is shown that the ionic lattices are characterized by a large spread in γν values, this being in the main due to the lower of the two frequency branches. In the hexagonal lattice the distribution of γν values is, in comparison, very limited and the Grüneisen assumption of a single constant can be justified in this case.

Topic: Quasicrystal Structures and Properties
Subfield: Materials Chemistry
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
CCDC 961056: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.

Topic: X-ray Diffraction in Crystallography
Subfield: Materials Chemistry
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
CCDC 2149678: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.

Topic: Crystallization and Solubility Studies
Subfield: Materials Chemistry
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
No Limits: Using Art to Inspire and Encourage Minorities to Pursue Careers in STEAM (STEM + Art)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEEditorialNEXTNo Limits: Using Art to Inspire and Encourage Minorities to Pursue Careers in STEAM (STEM + Art)Jayde Frederick*Jayde Frederick*Email: [email protected]More by Jayde Frederickhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9012-9462Cite this: ACS Bio Med Chem Au 2022, 2, 3, 171–172Publication Date (Web):June 15, 2022Publication History Published online15 June 2022Published inissue 15 June 2022https://doi.org/10.1021/acsbiomedchemau.2c00028Copyright © Published 2022 by American Chemical SocietyRIGHTS & PERMISSIONSACS AuthorChoiceCC: Creative CommonsBY: Credit must be given to the creatorNC: Only noncommercial uses of the work are permittedND: No derivatives or adaptations of the work are permittedArticle Views139Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (2 MB) Get e-AlertsSUBJECTS:Chemical engineering and industrial chemistry,Color,Elements,Neurophysiology,Water Get e-Alerts

Topic: Academic Writing and Publishing
Subfield: History and Philosophy of Science
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences