jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Numerical simulation and experimental investigation of foam-mat drying for producing banana powder as influenced by foam thickness

The high surface-to-volume ratio and porosity of foam during foam-mat drying shorten the drying process and improve dried powder quality. Therefore, foam-mat drying has caught the attention of researchers as an effective method in sticky, heat sensitive, and viscous food biomaterials that are not easy to dry with other techniques. This research sought to explore the impact of different foam thicknesses, i.e., 3, 5, and 7 mm, on quantitative and qualitative features of unripe banana powder both experimentally and numerically. An increase in foam thickness enhanced the effective moisture diffusion coefficient by 64.69% and decreased the drying rate by 52.63%. The increase also lowered powder flowability, browning index, and total color difference. According to field-emission scanning electron microscopy, an increase in the foam thickness increased the shrinkage and stickiness of the powders. The thermal response of the powders examined by differential scanning calorimetry demonstrated maximizing the glass transition temperature at 59.75 ˚C with foam thickness of 5 mm. Comparing simulated and experimental data showed a 0.880 correlation coefficient, which confirmed the consistency between experiments and simulations. Results of this study may be used in industrial applications to design a foam-mat drying process for producing quality powder biomaterials.

Topic: Microencapsulation and Drying Processes
Subfield: Food Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Faculty Opinions recommendation of Bone microenvironment specific roles of ITAM adapter signaling during bone remodeling induced by acute estrogen-deficiency.

Immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif (ITAM) signaling mediated by DAP12 or Fcepsilon receptor Igamma chain (FcRgamma) have been shown to be critical for osteoclast differentiation and maturation under normal physiological conditions. Their function in pathological conditions is unknown. We studied the role of ITAM signaling during rapid bone remodeling induced by acute estrogen-deficiency in wild-type (WT), DAP12-deficient (DAP12-/-), FcRgamma-deficient (FcRgamma-/-) and double-deficient (DAP12-/-FcRgamma-/-) mice. Six weeks after ovariectomy (OVX), DAP12-/-FcRgamma-/- mice showed resistance to lumbar vertebral body (LVB) trabecular bone loss, while WT, DAP12-/- and FcRgamma-/- mice had significant LVB bone loss. In contrast, all ITAM adapter-deficient mice responded to OVX with bone loss in both femur and tibia of approximately 40%, relative to basal bone volumes. Only WT mice developed significant cortical bone loss after OVX. In vitro studies showed microenvironmental changes induced by OVX are indispensable for enhanced osteoclast formation and function. Cytokine changes, including TGFbeta and TNFalpha, were able to induce osteoclastogenesis independent of RANKL in BMMs from WT but not DAP12-/- and DAP12-/-FcRgamma-/- mice. FSH stimulated RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation from BMMs in WT, but not DAP12-/- and DAP12-/-FcRgamma-/- mice. Our study demonstrates that although ITAM adapter signaling is critical for normal bone remodeling, estrogen-deficiency induces an ITAM adapter-independent bypass mechanism allowing for enhanced osteoclastogenesis and activation in specific bony microenvironments. PMID: 17611621 Funding information This work was supported by: NIAMS NIH HHS, United States Grant ID: R01 AR050038 NIAMS NIH HHS, United States Grant ID: K24-AR048841 NIAID NIH HHS, United States Grant ID: R01 AI068129 NIAMS NIH HHS, United States Grant ID: R01 AR043052 NICHD NIH HHS, United States Grant ID: K12 HD051958 NIAMS NIH HHS, United States Grant ID: K24 AR048841 More Less keyboard_arrow_down

Topic: Bone Metabolism and Diseases
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Contact loci, motivic Milnor fibers of nondegenerate singularities

Inspired by Denef-Loeser’s identity of the Euler characteristic with compact supports of the contact loci with the Lefschetz numbers of a complex singularity, we study sheaf cohomology groups of contact loci of complex nondegenerate singularities. Moreover, also for these singularities, we obtain a motivic analogue of Lê Dũng Tráng’s work on a monodromy relation of a complex singularity and its restriction to a generic hyperplane.

Topic: Algebraic Geometry and Number Theory
Subfield: Geometry and Topology
Field: Mathematics
Domain: Physical Sciences
Jet-Setting Koalas Spread Cryptococcus gattii VGII in Australia

Cryptococcus gattii molecular type VGII is one of the causes of cryptococcosis, a severe fungal disease that is acquired from the environment and affects many host species (including humans and koalas). In Australia, disease caused by C. gattii VGII is largely confined to western and central northern parts of the country, with sporadic cases reported in eastern Australia. We investigated an unusual case cluster of cryptococcosis, caused predominantly by C. gattii VGII, in a group of captive koalas in eastern Australia. This research identified that the movements of koalas between wildlife parks, including an initial transfer of a koala from Western Australia, introduced and subsequently spread C. gattii VGII in this captive environment. The spread of this pathogen by koalas could also impact other species, and these findings are significant in the implications they have for the management of koala transfers and captive environments.

Topic: Fungal Infections and Studies
Subfield: Epidemiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
The Earthquake Commission's earthquake insurance loss model

The Earthquake Commission (EQC) has an integrated financial risk management computer system, called Minerva, which features facilities to monitor earthquake insurance exposures, to forecast claims numbers and amounts, and to investigate the financial sustainability of its operations. This paper presents an overview of the Minerva earthquake loss risk modelling system: the system architecture, models and data used, outputs to assist portfolio management, outputs passed to the catastrophe response management systems, and outputs passed to the financial modelling system. Minerva features an 'open model' with user options including attenuation, source and vulnerability models. Minerva can simulate the loss risk, and also simulate the financial performance of EQC in stochastic terms, over 10 years into the future. Development of the earthquake loss component of Minerva raised a number of issues in relation to models and the data. These issues are discussed, including the sensitivity of the output of Minerva to them.

Topic: earthquake and tectonic studies
Subfield: Geophysics
Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences
Domain: Physical Sciences
Abstract PD-026: ENERGY INTAKE AND OUTCOMES IN CRITICALLY ILL CHILDREN WITH BRONCHIOLITIS

Aims & Objectives: Optimal nutritional practices in the paediatric intensive care unit (PICU) are largely unknown. We aimed to investigate if appropriate calorie provision leads to shorter PICU stay and fewer invasive ventilator days in critically ill children with bronchiolitis. Methods We conducted a retrospective study on patients with bronchiolitis requiring at least 72 hours stay in the PICU from 2009 – 2014. Baseline demographics, PICU medical data and energy intake in their first seven days of stay were collected. Outcomes of interest were length of PICU stay and invasive ventilation duration. We determined energy requirements using the Schofield equation without addition of stress factors. Underfeeding was defined as the average daily energy intake to requirement ratio <0.8, and overfeeding >1.2. Clinical outcomes were compared among the three groups of patients (underfed, sufficiently-fed, overfed). Results 44 patients were included (Table 1), with median age of 4.7 months (interquartile range [IQR] 1.0 – 10.6 months). Median PICU stay was 8.0 (IQR 6.0 – 12.0) days. 39 patients (88.6%) required invasive ventilation, with median ventilation duration of 7.0 (IQR 4.0 – 9.8) days. Median energy intake to requirement ratio was 0.9 (IQR 0.76 – 1.16). 15 (34.1%) patients were underfed, while 10 (22.8%) were overfed. There was no significant difference in the PICU stay lengths nor invasive ventilation duration between groups (Table 2).Conclusions Our results suggest that energy adequacy did not significantly affect PICU stay length or ventilator dependence in critically ill children with bronchiolitis.

Topic: Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia Studies
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Study of the performance of Scalable Video Coding over a DVB-SH satellite link

In this paper, we will present and discuss selected results obtained for the ESA study on Scalable Video Coding Applications and Technologies for mobile satellite based hybrid networks . The reference use case under investigation concerns the exploitation of heterogeneous reception conditions on a DVBSH satellite link via scalability and unequal error protection.

Topic: Video Coding and Compression Technologies
Subfield: Signal Processing
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
SCHEME FOR STATE-INDEPENDENT TELEPORTATION BETWEEN TWO DISTANT ATOMS

We propose a scheme for long-distance teleportation of an unknown atomic state between two atoms that are trapped separately in optical cavities. Our scheme is based on the effects of quantum statistics of indistinguishable photons emitted from the trapped atoms. In this scheme, the probability of success is independent of the state to be teleported. Moreover, in the Lamb-Dicke limit, the requirement of the simultaneous clicks of the detectors is not necessary.

Topic: Quantum Information and Cryptography
Subfield: Artificial Intelligence
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Terms of Marriage between individuals of non-orthodox faith in the Russian Empire (On the Basis of the Letters of Nicholas I “Law on marriage alliance”)

In recent decades, family relationships have become increasingly exploited by researchers in fields such as sociology, psychology, anthropology, and economics. The historians also tries to understand how the historical realities influenced the family or how they were perceived by the change of mentalities. The following article aims to present the canonical and legal implications of the institution of marriage, in light of a document discovered in the Jagiellonian Library in Krakow. The document called "Prawo a małżeństwie" or “Law on Marriage Alliance” issued on February 14, 1832 by Tsar Nicholas I offers interesting and useful information about the conclusion and termination of a marriage, about rules, conditioning, limitations and obstacles.

Topic: Regional Socio-Economic Development Trends
Subfield: Demography
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Study of Electron Cloud E ects in the DAFNE PHI-Factory for the KLOE-2 Run

A strong horizontal instability has been observed in the the DAFNE positron ring since 2003. Experimental observations suggest an electron cloud induced coupled bunbh instability as a possible explanation. Here is reported a simulation study of the electron cloud effects in the positron ring of the DAFNE PHI factory with particular reference to the machine configuration designed for the KLOE-2 experiment.

Topic: Particle Accelerators and Free-Electron Lasers
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
PRODUCTION AND QUALITY OF CANNED MOIN‐MOIN

ABSTRACT Moin‐moin, a very popular cowpea dish in Nigeria, was made into a ready‐to‐eat, shelf‐stable canned product. An ingredient composition suitable for canning was formulated. The heat penetration characteristics of the product were determined and a safe retort process was established. The canned moin‐moin was compared with steamed (traditional) moin‐moin by a group of Nigerian taste panelists. The acceptance‐ of the canned moin‐moin was excellent and equal to that of the steamed moin‐moin in all organoleptic characteristics. Proximate chemical compositions of the moin‐moin products were determined.

Topic: Agricultural pest management studies
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Response to weather and light conditions of migrating Whooper Swans Cygnus cygnus and flying height profiles, observed with the Argos satellite system

Ten satellite tracks of Whooper Swans migrating between Iceland and Britain or Ireland were analysed in relation to detailed weather and astronomical data. Surface pressure, visibility, cloud cover, precipitation intensity and type, sun altitude and moon altitude were estimated separately for each of 414 location points, of which 217 were over land or offshore islands, and 197 were over the open sea. Height profiles for four northbound and four southbound flights included two swans that flew continuously for most or all of the sea crossing, one of which reached 1856 m asl, the maximum height recorded. The others flew low, and landed often on the water, sometimes for prolonged periods. Elapsed times for the sea crossing varied from 12.7 to 101 hours. Statistical analysis showed that the swans tended to move onward during the sea crossings, provided that the altitude above the horizon of either the sun or the moon was higher than ‐4d̀, and also that the visibility was greater than 2 km; otherwise, they tended to stop on the water. This effect was seen only when the swans were crossing the open sea, not when they were flying over land or islands. It was interpreted as suggesting that they need a visible horizon to navigate when out of sight of land. If this inference is correct, it would eliminate the possibility that the swans use inertial navigation, but strengthen the case for celestial navigation.

Topic: Avian ecology and behavior
Subfield: Ecology
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Supplementary Figure 2 from Novel Mechanism of MDA-7/IL-24 Cancer-Specific Apoptosis through SARI Induction

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 255K, S2. siRNA-mediated silencing of IL-20R2 or IL-22R receptor pairs in DU-145 and HO-1 cells.&lt;/p&gt;

Topic: Virus-based gene therapy research
Subfield: Genetics
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Hypoglycemia Incidence Utilizing Insulin Therapy and A Continuous Glucose Monitor

Cheryl Adair*, Marbie Becton, Meghan Kavanaugh, Lisa Lee and Jennifer Trombatore Author Affiliations Associate Professor, Northwestern State University of Louisiana, College of Nursing and Allied Health, USA Received: September 23, 2020 | Published: September 30, 2020 Corresponding author: Cheryl Adair, DNP, APRN, FNP-BC Associate Professor Northwestern State University of Louisiana, College of Nursing and Allied Health, 1800 Line Avenue, Shreveport, Louisiana 71101, USA DOI: 10.26717/BJSTR.2020.30.005016

Topic: Diabetes Management and Research
Subfield: Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
PROPERTIES OF CHARCOAL PRODUCED FROM REACTION WOOD IN TREES INCLINED DUE TO WIND1

ABSTRACT Inclined trees produce reaction wood, whose properties are distinct from normal wood. This situation can affect the production of charcoal. This study was conducted to evaluate the quality of charcoal derived from reaction wood in trees of a commercial plantation inclined due to the action of wind. We used six year old wood from a Eucalyptus grandis xEucalyptus urophylla hybrid from plantations located in Minas Gerais. The physical and chemical properties of the wood were determined as well as the gravimetric yield and charcoal properties. According to the results, there were significant differences between the properties of the reaction and normal wood, with the reaction wood having lower levels of lignin and extractives, greater holocellulose content and low specific gravity. However, these characteristics of reaction wood did not significantly affect the properties of its charcoal.

Topic: Agricultural and Food Sciences
Subfield: Forestry
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Management of oral cancer in late stages: a review.

Sixty cases of oral cancer (2 were of stage II and other 58 were of stage III and stage IV) were treated and observed over a period of 2 years. In patients of oral cancer with bone involvement and mobile cervical nodes (44 cases) local excision which included partial or hemimandibulectomy with radical neck node dissection was performed. Out of these 44 cases, 18 cases received radiotherapy pre-operatively and 26 cases postoperatively. Better results were observed in these cases. When the growth was inaccessible and/or nodes were fixed (13 cases) radiotherapy was found to be suitable. Fistula formation and reconstructive flap necrosis were common following surgery after radiotherapy. Combined modalities of treatment with pre- and postoperative radiotherapy and radical neck node dissection showed excellent results (86.4%) in majority of cases. The remaining one patient received chemotherapy and local excision was performed in 2 cases.

Topic: Head and Neck Cancer Studies
Subfield: Otorhinolaryngology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
The Monkeys of Stormy Mountain

The Arashiyama group of Japanese macaques holds a distinguished place in primatology as one of the longest continuously studied non-human primate populations in the world. The resulting long-term data provide a unique resource for researchers, allowing them to move beyond cross-sectional studies to tackle larger issues involving individual, matrilineal and group histories. This book presents an overview of the scope and magnitude of research topics and management efforts that have been conducted on this population for several decades, covering not only the original troop living around Kyoto, Japan, but also the two subgroups that were translocated to Texas, USA and Montreal, Canada. The chapters encompass topics including life history, sexual, social and cultural behaviour and ecology, giving an insight into the range of current primatological research. The contributors underscore the historic value of the Arashiyama macaques and showcase new and significant research findings that highlight their continuing importance to primatology.

Topic: Primate Behavior and Ecology
Subfield: Social Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Sektoravgiftsordningen for kulturminneundersøkelser i regulerte vassdrag

\nThe arrangement with sector fee for heritage management in regulated watercourses. \n&#13;\n\nIn this report I account for the background, legislation, and procedures of the arrangement of sector fee within the hydroelectric sector in Norway. I discuss preliminary experiences with the arrangement, look at the practical and principal challenges with archaeological investigations in submerged areas, and possibilities for future projects. \n

Topic: Cultural Heritage Management and Preservation
Subfield: Archeology
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
14 Businesses Doing a Great Job at finding treasure with a metal detector

Often people that own bronze, zinc or other metal sculptures and other works of art, want to clean up and polish their piece at home rather than have it done by a professional. This is perfectly fine as long as the utmost care and consideration is taken. What most people do not realize is that many commercial waxes can produce an acid that can cause damage to their piece.™ Generally speaking it is recommended to keep most sculptures waxed, particularly if they are displayed outdoors. Raw metal reacts with moisture, air and anything else it comes in contact with such as pollutants in the air or acids in human skin. Extreme direct sunlight can also play a big part in metal damage on outdoor pieces. The right wax provides a protective layer between the metal and damaging elements.

Topic: Hermeneutics and Narrative Identity
Subfield: Philosophy
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
The Drivers of Market Orientation and its Impact on Export Performance of Serbian Firms

In the field of international business, examination of the link between a market orientation (MO) and an export performance (EP) is quite popular. However, mechanisms through which MO affects EP have not been sufficiently investigated. The aim of this paper was to examine direct and indirect impact of MO on EP, as well as drivers of MO. In this paper, MO is defined as organisational culture. Based on the structure-conduct-performance paradigm and Resource-Based View, a model was formulated and tested on a sample of 121 large and medium-sized exporters operating in the Republic of Serbia. The method applied was partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM). Obtained results indicate that there is a direct and positive effect of relational resources and competitive intensity on MO. It was also found that MO affects EP directly, and that differentiation strategy partially mediates the relationship between MO and EP.

Topic: International Business and FDI
Subfield: Strategy and Management
Field: Business, Management and Accounting
Domain: Social Sciences
A New Species of Parrhinotermes (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae: Rhinotermitinae) from Vietnam

Giống mối Parrhinotermes phân bố ở Indomalaya gốm 13 loài. Loài thứ 14, Parrhinotermes moliserratus loài mối Myles & Schiff được mô tảở miền Nam Việt Nam. Các loài mối đưắc mô tả tứ mối thợ và mối lính. Hình thái ngoài của mối thợ cũng đưởc mô tả và minh h&ọa, đây là loài đưởc mô t&ả đắu tiên như vắy đắi vắi giắng này. Chúng tôi cũng cung cắp mã v&ạch DNA, mốt vùng của gen ty thềCytochrom Oxidase 1, vì cho đện nay, chỉ có 3 trong số 13 loài thuốc giống Parrhinotermes có mã v&ạch liên quan. Đây là ghi nhắn đắu tiên về giống Parrhinotermes tứ tiệu vùng Đông Nam Á của khu vức Đông Phương.

Topic: Insect and Arachnid Ecology and Behavior
Subfield: Genetics
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Use of the shipley institute of living scale for neuropsychological screening of the elderly: Is it an appropriate measure for this population?

This investigation examined the performance of 61 healthy 60- to 85-year-olds on the Shipley Institute of Living Scale (SILS). This highly functioning group (as indicated by performance on WAIS Block Design and Digit Span subtests) obtained a mean Conceptual Quotient (CQ) that fell within the range commonly considered indicative of cognitive impairment, with only 5% who performed within the "normal" range. Analysis of the frequency distribution for the number of Abstraction items correct shows a clustering at the low end of the scale. This suggests potential problems of reliability of the Abstraction and CQ measures with this population and appears to limit potential discriminative power of CQ to measure organic changes in cognitive functioning. Provision of age-based norms is thus unlikely to make the SILS an efficient screening device for organic cognitive changes in the elderly.

Topic: Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
Subfield: Psychiatry and Mental health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences