jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Multiple sparse component analysis based on subspace selective search algorithm

Sparse component analysis (SCA) is an approach for linear matrix factorization in an instantaneous mixing system when the number of sensors is fewer than the number of sources. SCA assumes that matrix source (S) contains as many zeros as possible. According to the Georgiev's proof, under some nonstrict conditions on sparsity of the sources, called k-sparse component analysis (k-SCA), we are able to estimate both mixing system (A) and sparse sources (S) uniquely. This paper studies the problem of underdetermind blind identification (UBI) in order to estimate the mixing matrix A based on subspace clustering scheme with k-SCA assumptions. Most k-SCA based algorithms have been designed when there are only at most k = m - 1 active sources in each time instant, where m is the number of sensors. First, we address the issue of multiple active sources i.e. when there are L active sources (0 ≤ L ≤ m - 1). Second, we propose an algorithm for joint or continuous subspace clustering and estimating of the channels in order to design an online scenario to estimate the mixing matrix columns and detect the number of sources as the mixture vectors are received sequentially. Third, our proposed algorithm "subspace selective search" (S <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> ) deals with the outliers within subspace clustering process and improve the accuracy of channel estimation. Numerical simulations are reported to confirm the advantages of our UBI method.

Topic: Blind Source Separation Techniques
Subfield: Signal Processing
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Using Open Alcoholics Anonymous Meetings as a Teaching Strategy for Undergraduate Nursing Students

This article describes how nursing student participation in an open Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) meeting along with journaling about the students' experiences can be used as teaching strategies to enhance learning about chemical dependence and recovery. AA participation introduced students to an easily accessible community resource and allowed them the opportunity to experientially acquire an understanding of how AA's spiritual program of recovery works. Clinical conference discussions along with the self-exploration associated with journaling afforded students the opportunity to confront and process personal attitudes and unresolved issues associated with chemical dependence. Select journal entries are included in the article to illustrate student responses to the AA experience.

Topic: Health Sciences Research and Education
Subfield: General Health Professions
Field: Health Professions
Domain: Health Sciences
Cancer stem cells in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: Treatment modalities

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) belongs to the most frequent cancer subtypes in the world. Mutations due to genetic and chromosomal instability, syndromes such as Fanconi anemia and the Bloom syndrome, environmental risk factors such as tobacco smoking, alcohol and human papillomavirus infection (HPV) subtypes 16,18,31,33,35,52,58 are implicated in its pathogenesis. The HNSCC belongs to the solid tumors of epithelial origin and consists of stromal, inflammatory, cancer cells and most importantly a fraction of them, the cancer stem cells (CSCs). The identification of the CSCs through their biomarkers such as CD44, CD10, CD166, CD133, CD271, ALDH, Oct4, Nanog, Sox2 and Bmi1, the maintenance of their subpopulation through epithelial to mesenchymal transition, the role of HPV infection regarding their prognosis and of their microenvironment regarding their resistance to therapy, all constitute key elements that must be taken thoroughly into consideration in order to develop an effective targeted therapy. There are already therapies in place targeting specific related biomarkers, important biochemical pathways and growth factors. The aim of this literature review is to illustrate the treatment modalities available against the cancer stem cells of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.

Topic: Cancer Cells and Metastasis
Subfield: Oncology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Wavelength-switchable erbium-doped fiber ring laser employing chirped Moiré fiber grating and tunable Sagnac loop interferometer filter

A simple, cost-effective and switchable five-wavelength fiber ring laser based on a chirped moiré fiber grating (CMFG) and a wavelength-tunable Sagnac loop interferometer (FSI) filter is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. To serve as wavelength selective element, the CMFG possesses excellent comb-like filtering characteristics including stable wavelength interval and ultra-narrow passband, and its fabrication method is easy and flexible. The usage of the FSI filter helps remove the high-cost optical circulator and improve the output performance of optical signal-to-noise ratio from 50dB to 70dB. With this laser configuration, the output power fluctuation of each wavelength is less than 0.5 dB within a one-hour period, and the output power of different channels is almost identical (difference less than 1dB) within the tunable range.

Topic: Advanced Fiber Optic Sensors
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Abstract 4146116: Carotid body ablation reduces hypertension following long-term intermittent hypoxia by regulating brainstem glial cell activation

Introduction: Sleep apnea is an independent risk factor for hypertension. Chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH), a key feature of sleep apnea, is considered the main factor for the development of hypertension, which is attributed to sympathoexcitation. However, novel evidence shows that CIH enhanced CB chemosensory discharges triggering an increase in sympathetic outflow through neuronal activation in the nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS). This idea is supported by the fact that CB ablation abolish the hypertension and NTS neuroinflammation after 21 days of CIH even in the presence of CIH. However, whether CB mediate glial cell activation (well-known sentinels involved in brain inflammation) following long-term CIH remains unknown. Hypothesis: Accordingly, we propose that the maintenance of hypertension and glia cell activation within the NTS of mice exposed to long-term CIH, depends on the CB afferent discharge. Methods: We exposed male C57BL6 mice to CIH (5% FiO2, 12 times/h, 8 h/day) for 60 days. At 45 days of CIH, CBs were selectively denervated, and animals were kept in CIH for additional 15 days. At the end of the experiments, we measured arterial blood pressure (MABP), hypoxic ventilatory response (HVR) in awake mice and assessed astrocyte and microglia activity through morphological 3D reconstructions, and IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α gene expression in the NTS with real-time PCR. Results: CIH induces hypertension (MABP 83.5±1.4 vs. 95.0±2.2 mmHg; Sham vs CIH), enhances HVR (1.69±0.2 vs 4.3±0.9 VE/min; Sham vs. CIH), and change astrocytes morphology (N° of branches 13.0±0.7 vs 11.3±0.5; cable length 181.0±8.9 vs 148.1±1.5 pm, Sham vs CIH), and microglia arborization (N° of branches 196.1±8.4 vs 376.3±16.8; cable length 667.4±29.6 vs 1267±60.5 pm, Sham vs CIH). Remarkably, CB denervation (CIHd) normalized the hypertension (MABP 83.5±1.4 mmHg; CIHd), the enhanced HVR (1.63±0.43 VE/min; CIHd), reduced the increased IL-6 (1.2± 0.2 vs 0.4 ± 0.1, CIH vs CIHd), TNF-α (2.0±0.2 vs 1.1±0.2, CIH vs CIHd) but not IL-1β levels (3.0±0.4 CIH vs 2.6±0.5, CIH vs CIHd), and the changes observed in astrocytes (N° of branches 17.2±0.9, cable length 231.0±12.9) and microglia (N° of branches 126.2±13.3; cable length 126.2±1.3 CIHd). Conclusions: Present results suggest that CBs plays a critical role in the maintenance of high blood pressure and contribute to the inflammation in the NTS of mice exposed to long-term CIH. Supported by Fondecyt Grants 1211443 and 1220950.

Topic: High Altitude and Hypoxia
Subfield: Genetics
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Violence in the Health Care Setting: What Can We Do?

n July 2017, Dr. Todd Graham was fatally shot by his patient's husband when Dr. Graham denied his patient's request for opioids. This case highlights that, according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, health care professions are one of the most dangerous industries of employment in the United States.

Topic: Workplace Violence and Bullying
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Magnetic and Electromagnetic Wave Absorption Characteristics of BaFe<sub>11</sub>Ti<sub>0.5</sub>Zn<sub>0.5</sub>O<sub>19</sub> in X Band

Abstract Research has been made on BaFe 11 Ti 0.5 Zn 0.5 O 19 compound by high energy milling (HEM) with variation of milling t = 2, 8, and 12 hours. This research was conducted to find out the influence of milling time on magnetic and electromagnetic wave absorption properties of BaFe 11 Ti 0.5 Zn 0.5 O 19 compound. Materials were characterized by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Permagraph C, Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), and Vector Network Analyzer (VNA). XRD patterns of bulk sample had shown the material forms a single phase BaFe 12 O 19 (Barium hexaferrite). A SEM image of bulk sample shows hexagonal structure. A VNA spectrum obtained from 12 hours milling exhibit the highest electromagnetic wave absorption compared with 2 and 8 hours milling, with 99,19% absorption at frequency 11,7 GHz in X-band. Agglomeration occurs on the sample powder may due to electrostatic force among particles and a SEM image confirmed it. Based on that results, the addition of milling time can improve the electromagnetic wave absorption of BaFe 11 Ti 0,5 Zn 0,5 O 19 powder.

Topic: Electromagnetic wave absorption materials
Subfield: Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Velocity of Large Bubbles in Vertical Tubes

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTVelocity of Large Bubbles in Vertical TubesMorrough P. O'brien and James E. GoslineCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. 1935, 27, 12, 1436–1440Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1935Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1935https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50312a013RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views152Altmetric-Citations29LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (581 KB) Get e-Alerts

Topic: Minerals Flotation and Separation Techniques
Subfield: Water Science and Technology
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
RADIATION DAMAGE OF PAPER SAMPLES IN IN-AIR PIXE ANALYSIS

Degradation of paper caused by beam irradiation was investigated from a viewpoint of discoloration in PIXE analysis and its application to the paper samples of archaeology. Two types of paper (Japanese paper and fine quality paper) were tested in in-air PIXE analysis with 3 MeV protons. The degree of discoloration was quantitatively measured by the use of a calorimeter. The degree of discoloration was different for each tested paper and corresponded to the radiation dose of ions. It is resulted that even the in-air PIXE analysis should be carefully applied to archaeological treasures. Because discoloration of all tested paper decreased gradually at first but then increased after a few weeks. However, this phenomenon can be used to develop a technique of funny coloration.

Topic: X-ray Spectroscopy and Fluorescence Analysis
Subfield: Radiation
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Technology Use in Finance: Continuation Intention in Fintech Applications, Türkiye Example

All sectors have to change and develop depending on technological change. The reason for this change is sometimes competition, sometimes achieving a longer economic life, and sometimes facilitating the current conditions. The intensity of use of financial markets and products is evaluated by financial participation. Technology has an important position, especially in increasing the use of financial products. Reasons such as time saving, ease of use, economic benefits, etc., which increase usage by consumers, are improving the demand for fintech applications. The study aims to evaluate the behavioral factors that may affect fintech applications, which are expressed as financial technology, and ensure their continued use. In this context, it was aimed to evaluate the effects of behavioral factors such as security, risk, convenience, benefit and brand image on individual fintech usage. Study data was obtained through surveys administered to 779 people, and SPSS and Jamovi statistical programs were used to analyze the data. In the analysis of the data, explanatory factor, confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling analysis methods were applied. As a result of the analysis, the factors affecting individuals' use of Fintech were determined as perceived ease of use, perceived benefit and brand image. Keywords: Fintech, Behavioral Factors, Technology, Finance, Structural Equation Model

Topic: FinTech, Crowdfunding, Digital Finance
Subfield: Management Information Systems
Field: Business, Management and Accounting
Domain: Social Sciences
Immunestimulation by 4-imino-1,3-diazabicyclo(3.1.0.)-hexan-2-on (BM 06.002).

The new cancerostatic substance 4-imino-1,3-diazabicycle- (3.1.0.)-hexan-2-on was investigated in DBF1 mice in respect to its effects on antibody producing B-lymphocytes and T-lymphocytes. It was shown that BM 06.002 has no definitive influence on immunocompetence when used at a low concentration (1 mg/kg). At higher concentrations of 5 up to 20 mg/kg a stimulation of T-lymphocytes was found which was constant at a concentration of 20 mg/kg for more than three weeks after the single injection of 20 mg/kg. Using the haemolytic plaque test, a stimulation of the antibody producing B-cells was observed on day 3 and 12 after treatment. On day 5 a transitory suppression of the lymphocyte functions was observed in both test systems.

Topic: Synthesis and Characterization of Heterocyclic Compounds
Subfield: Organic Chemistry
Field: Chemistry
Domain: Physical Sciences
Comparative study of the C3d receptor and 58-kilodalton fibrinogen-binding mannoproteins of Candida albicans

Using polyclonal antibodies (PAbs) raised against the Candida albicans C3d receptor (CR2; PAb anti-CR2) and the 58-kDa fibrinogen-binding mannoprotein (mp58; PAb anti-mp58) as well as ligand interactions, we have studied the relationship between these two receptors. In an indirect immunofluorescence assay with germ tubes, greater intensity was observed on the mother blastoconidium when PAb anti-CR2 was used, whereas greater intensity was localized to the hyphal extension when PAb anti-mp58 or binding of soluble fibrinogen was used. No competition or change in the fluorescence pattern was observed in dual-labeling experiments with PAb anti-CR2 and either fibrinogen or PAb anti-mp58. Binding competition also was not observed in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using the components present in a beta-mercaptoethanol extract from the cell wall of germ tubes. In immunoblots, PAb anti-CR2 recognized three different discrete bands with apparent molecular masses of 21, 40, and 66 kDa in the beta-mercaptoethanol extracts from the cell wall, whereas a different, single, broader band with an apparent molecular mass of 58 kDa was detected with PAb anti-mp58. However, when nondenaturing conditions were used to separate the materials present in the cell wall extracts, no reactivity could be detected on Western blots (immunoblots) with PAb anti-mp58. When PAb anti-CR2 was used for analysis, a single band migrating in the area corresponding to approximately 40 kDa was detected. These observations suggest a higher molecular weight for mp58 and one or more of the components detected with PAb anti-CR2 in their native state.

Topic: Antifungal resistance and susceptibility
Subfield: Infectious Diseases
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Determination of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Foods

A method for the determination of 3, 4-benzopyrene in Japanese teas has been developed. Japanese teas were extracted and saponified with alkaline methanol in Soxhlet extraction apparatus. The extracts were partitioned with n-hexane, dimethyl-sulfoxide, and n-hexane successively, and these partitions were condenced. After 3, 4-benzopyrene was isolated by alumina column chromatography, measured by spectrophotofluorometry and calculated from the wave length of 405mμ by the “baseline” method. Identification of the hydrocarbon was made by thin layer chromatography.The recoveries of 3, 4-benzopyrene added to each 100g of Japanese teas at a level of 20ppb were ranged from 65 to 86%. However, when Japanese teas were extracted with hot water instead of alkaline methanol, the results were reduced to 0 to 3%. This fact seems to indicate that infusing tea in hot water is safe relating to carcinogen 3, 4-benzopyrene.3, 4-benzopyrene was found from Japanese teas at levels varying from 0.0 to 16.0ppb.

Topic: Tea Polyphenols and Effects
Subfield: Pathology and Forensic Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Forecasting the Volatility of Tuna Fish Prices in North Sumatra using the ARCH Method in the Period January - April 2024

Tuna (Euthynnus affinis) is one of the most important fisheries commodities in Indonesia with significant economic value, especially in its contribution to fisheries export revenue. However, the price of tuna experiences significant fluctuations that can affect local and national economic stability. This study analyzes the daily price fluctuations of tuna in the North Sumatra market from January 1, 2024 to April 29, 2024 using a time series analysis approach. Daily price data were collected and analyzed to identify existing price patterns and volatility. The Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity (ARCH) model was selected to address the heteroscedasticity in the data, which suggests that the volatility of tuna prices can be well predicted based on past price behavior. The analysis steps include identifying the optimal ARCH model using the Autocorrelation Function (ACF) and Partial Autocorrelation Function (PACF), as well as testing parameter significance and normality assumptions to validate the model fit. The results show that the ARMA (1,0,0) model is the optimal one to model the price volatility of yellow tuna with the MAPE obtained of 2.382. compared to the ARMA-ARCH method with the MAPE value obtained of 2,747. Because it still contains heteroskedasticity effects, even though the results are good, the prediction results do not closely match the original data. The model is effective in improving price forecasting accuracy, which is important to support decision-making in risk management and economic planning in the fisheries sector. The findings contribute to understanding the dynamics of the yellowtail market and optimizing strategies for fisheries management.

Topic: Agriculture and Agroindustry Studies
Subfield: General Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Increased healthcare burden and comorbidity risks of pediatric patients with dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa: Analysis of Nationwide Emergency Department Sample 2015–2019

Abstract Background Dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (DEB) describes a rare genetic blistering disorder characterized by fragile skin. This study aimed to classify the frequency, demographics, cost, and comorbidities associated with emergency department (ED) visits due to DEB. Methods The Nationwide Emergency Department Sample (NEDS) was analyzed for pediatric (age &lt;18) ED visits from 2015 to 2019. DEB was identified with ICD‐10‐CM code Q81.2. Weighted frequency, prevalence, and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of comorbidities were determined among ED visits with and without a DEB diagnosis. Results From 2015 to 2019, 53 (weighted 242) cases of DEB among 27,223,220 pediatric ED visits were captured. Patients with DEB were more likely to visit the ED in summer compared with those without a diagnosis of DEB (35.7% vs. 21.4%, P &lt; .05). More than half of patients with DEB were admitted to the hospital (56.2%, 95% CI: 39.3–72.5, P &lt; .001) versus only 3.4% (95% CI: 3.1–3.7) of other patients. For ED visits with a secondary DEB diagnosis, the top three primary diagnoses were fever, constipation, and bone marrow transplant aftercare. Patients with DEB had higher rates of hypertension, cellulitis, sepsis, acute and chronic kidney injury, esophageal obstruction, gastroesophageal reflux disease, cardiomyopathy, and anxiety, compared to patients without DEB (all P &lt; .001). Conclusions DEB is a complex blistering disorder with multisystemic manifestations. Patients with DEB have significantly higher admission rates and commonly present with infectious or gastrointestinal complications. Understanding the features of ED visits due to DEB can better prepare healthcare teams and improve patient outcomes.

Topic: Skin and Cellular Biology Research
Subfield: Cell Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Evaluation of Bismuth Subsalicylate in Relieving Symptoms of Indigestion

• The efficacy of bismuth subsalicylate in relieving the symptoms of indigestion was evaluated in a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, cross-over study in 48 adults. Each patient was treated for six episodes of indigestion, three episodes with bismuth subsalicylate and three with placebo. Volunteers took 30 ml when the symptoms first occurred and repeated the dose every half hour, as needed, for eight doses. The volunteers rated the severity of each symptom 15 and 30 minutes after each dose. Overall relief was achieved faster and in a higher proportion of cases in bismuth subsalicylate-treated episodes than in placebo-treated episodes. Bismuth subsalicylate provided greater and faster relief than placebo for nausea, sense of fullness, heartburn, feeling of abdominal distention, and flatulence, but not for upper abdominal pain. (<i>Arch Intern Med</i>1984;144:269-272)

Topic: Magnesium in Health and Disease
Subfield: Nutrition and Dietetics
Field: Nursing
Domain: Health Sciences
Progress of the 30-year Laser Vision Technology

This review paper will consist of: (1) A historical review of the 30 years progress of laser vision corrections (1987 to 2016); (2) Summary of eye lasers and their applications; (3) Recent developments and new trends; (4) The principles and formulas of laser and non-laser vision corrections; and (5) UV-light-initiated corneal collagen crosslinking.

Topic: Laser Applications in Dentistry and Medicine
Subfield: Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences