jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Effect of ondansetron on spinal induced hypotension in caesarean deliveries

Background: Spinal anesthesia is the preferred technique of anesthesia employed for caesarean sections. However, it is very often complicated by hypotension. Different drugs and techniques have been used to prevent the hypotension induced by spinal anesthesia. In this study, the effect of ondansetron on the prevention of hypotension after spinal anesthesia was evaluated.&#x0D; Objectives: To determine the effect of prophylactic ondansetron on prevention of spinal induced hypotension in elective caesarean section.&#x0D; Methodology: Eighty-six parturients planned for elective caesarean deliveries were randomized into two groups of 43 each. Group O received Ondansetron 4 mg (4 ml) and Group S received Normal Saline (4 ml) intravenously 10 minutes prior to spinal anesthesia. Blood pressure, heart rate, phenylephrine requirements, occurrence of nausea and vomiting and APGAR scores of neonates were compared between the groups. Hemodynamic data was analyzed using Student’s t-test for intergroup comparison and ANOVA was used for intragroup comparison. Categorical data was analyzed using Pearson Chi-Square test. For all determinants, p-value &lt;0.05 was considered significant.&#x0D; Results: Occurrence of hypotension in Group O (20.9 %) was significantly lower than in Group S (72.1%) (p &lt; 0.05). The mean arterial pressure was significantly higher in Group O at 2, 6, 8, 12 and 14 minutes (p &lt; 0.05). The use of phenylephrine (37.21 mcg vs. 146.51 mcg, p &lt; 0.05) and occurrence of nausea (11.6%, vs. 41.9% p &lt; 0.002) was significantly lower in ondansetron group.&#x0D; Conclusion: Ondansetron is effective in preventing spinal induced hypotension in elective caesarean sections.

Topic: Anesthesia and Pain Management
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Analysis of Risk Assessments in Textile Industry With ANP Method

As each sector and industry has its own risks and hazards in terms of occupational health and safety, many of these can also be found in the textile industry. A good analysis of these risks and hazards, the correct and quick determination of the precautions to be taken can prevent many occupational accidents that may occur. In this study, the current risk assessment forms of a textile company operating in Bursa were examined. As the result of these analyzes made, the hazards of the current risks were classified into 8 main criteria and 55 sub-criteria. In order to determine the internal and external dependencies of these criteria, the ANP method, one of the multi-criteria decision making methods, was used. Thanks to the ANP, weightings of the main criteria and sub-criteria were obtained. In this way, the main criterion with the highest priority hazard has been determined as the criterion of machinery, working equipment and hand tools. The moving rotating part was found as the most prioritized sub-criterion of this main criterion. As a result of the comparisons of each sub-criterion with the sub-criteria in different main criteria, the most priority sub-criterion was determined as electric shock.

Topic: Occupational Health and Safety Research
Subfield: Radiological and Ultrasound Technology
Field: Health Professions
Domain: Health Sciences
Regulation of Spraying 6-BA in the Late Jointing Stage on the Fertile Floret Development and Grain Setting in Winter Wheat

Wheat yield is largely determined by the grains per spike, which in turn is related to the fertile floret development prior to anthesis. The aim of this study was to assess the physiological mechanism of exogenous 6-benzylaminopurine (6-BA) on fertile floret development and grain setting characteristics by foliar application in winter wheat. Field experiments were conducted during the 2016–2017 and 2017–2018 growing seasons in China. Two foliar spraying applications with water (S0) and 6-BA (S1) were applied to a large-spike variety (V1) and a multiple-spike variety (V2) 25 days after jointing. At anthesis, spike dry weight and soluble sugar, sucrose, auxin, and cytokinin were all positively correlated with the number of fertile florets and grains per spike. During the abortion stage of fertile florets, 6-BA application compared to the control reduced the auxin content, increased the cytokinin content and spike dry matter and transported more soluble sugar and sucrose from the non-spike organs to the spike. Exogenous 6-BA application increased the number of fertile florets (~1.84 to ~2.50) and number of grains (~2.83 to ~3.51) by primarily suppressing the number of degenerated and aborted florets. The results provide important evidence that 6-BA application has a positive effect on floret fertility and grain setting, which lead to a further increase in grain yield.

Topic: Wheat and Barley Genetics and Pathology
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Lifelogging as a rehabilitation tool in patients with amnesia: A narrative literature review on the effect of lifelogging on memory loss

Visual lifelogging is the procedure that enables individuals to visually record daily life activities by means of small wearable cameras, which can be worn around the neck or on the clothing. Lifelogging devices automatically take pictures or videos after pre-set time intervals or after dynamic input changes. Although some studies have shown effectivity of reviewing lifelogging images in brain-damaged individuals with forms of amnesia as a rehabilitation tool, systematic endeavours to overview this literature is yet missing. The aim of this narrative literature review was to review all the available case-studies, experimental studies and group studies in brain-damaged individuals applying lifelogging devices in a clinical context. The included studies showed efficacy for both subjective and objective measures of memory. In mild to severe amnesia, reviewing images recorded by the lifelogging device was beneficial to subjective and objective measures of memory. Lifelogging is demonstrated to have a great potential in helping people who are suffering from memory loss. It can offer an excellent alternative to currently more frequently used memory rehabilitation techniques and can be applied more in clinical settings.

Topic: Intensive Care Unit Cognitive Disorders
Subfield: Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Glycolysis, Glutaminolysis, and Fatty Acid Synthesis Are Required for Distinct Stages of Kaposi's Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus Lytic Replication

ABSTRACT Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) is the etiologic agent of Kaposi's sarcoma (KS). KSHV infection induces and requires multiple metabolic pathways, including the glycolysis, glutaminolysis, and fatty acid synthesis (FAS) pathways, for the survival of latently infected endothelial cells. To determine the metabolic requirements for productive KSHV infection, we induced lytic replication in the presence of inhibitors of different metabolic pathways. We found that glycolysis, glutaminolysis, and FAS are all required for maximal KSHV virus production and that these pathways appear to participate in virus production at different stages of the viral life cycle. Glycolysis and glutaminolysis, but not FAS, inhibit viral genome replication and, interestingly, are required for different early steps of lytic gene expression. Glycolysis is necessary for early gene transcription, while glutaminolysis is necessary for early gene translation but not transcription. Inhibition of FAS resulted in decreased production of extracellular virions but did not reduce intracellular genome levels or block intracellular virion production. However, in the presence of FAS inhibitors, the intracellular virions are noninfectious, indicating that FAS is required for virion assembly or maturation. KS tumors support both latent and lytic KSHV replication. Previous work has shown that multiple cellular metabolic pathways are required for latency, and we now show that these metabolic pathways are required for efficient lytic replication, providing novel therapeutic avenues for KS tumors. IMPORTANCE KSHV is the etiologic agent of Kaposi's sarcoma, the most common tumor of AIDS patients. KS spindle cells, the main tumor cells, all contain KSHV, mostly in the latent state, during which there is limited viral gene expression. However, a percentage of spindle cells support lytic replication and production of virus and these cells are thought to contribute to overall tumor formation. Our previous findings showed that latently infected cells are sensitive to inhibitors of cellular metabolic pathways, including glycolysis, glutaminolysis, and fatty acid synthesis. Here we found that these same inhibitors block the production of infectious virus from lytically infected cells, each at a different stage of viral replication. Therefore, inhibition of specific cellular metabolic pathways can both eliminate latently infected cells and block lytic replication, thereby inhibiting infection of new cells. Inhibition of metabolic pathways provides novel therapeutic approaches for KS tumors.

Topic: Viral-associated cancers and disorders
Subfield: Oncology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Porosity prediction based on LS-SVR: A case study in Shuangcheng depression of the Northern Songliao Basin

Porosity is a key indicator for evaluating reservoir quality. Porosity analysis identifies the type, structure, and distribution of reservoir pores, essential for evaluating oil and gas accumulation and reserves. Accurately predicting porosity is crucial for petroleum exploration and engineering in the Shuangcheng Depression, Northern Songliao Basin. Traditional methods, such as core sampling, are often limited by high costs, time constraints, and the need for discrete samples that may not fully represent the reservoir, thereby hindering accurate porosity prediction. Therefore, this study assesses the accuracy of porosity prediction using the Least Squares Support Vector Regression (LS-SVR) model, selected for its effectiveness in handling small datasets and capturing nonlinear relationships. LS-SVR also mitigates computational challenges associated with traditional Support Vector Regression (SVR). The model utilizes geological and geophysical data from the Shuangcheng Depression in the southeastern fault zone of the Northern Songliao Basin to predict reservoir porosity. Nine well-logging data are used as input features, with porosity values obtained from core samples serving as the target label. This study develops an optimal porosity prediction model by training it with a sigmoid function, optimizing the penalty factor C and kernel parameter γ via grid search, and selecting the best parameters through 5-fold cross-validation. To ensure the model's performance, statistical metrics are used to evaluate the model. Evaluation results show that the model achieves an R 2 of 0.90 on the test set, explaining 90% of the variance in the target variable. Compared to traditional methods, the LS-SVR model demonstrates a significant improvement in porosity prediction. The remaining metrics include MAE (0.55), MSE (0.40), and RMSE (0.63). The results indicate that the LS-SVR method significantly improves the prediction of reservoir porosity in the Shuangcheng Depression of the Northern Songliao Basin. It is crucial for reservoir evaluation and petroleum engineering decision-making, providing valuable references for further research and practical applications.

Topic: Hydrocarbon exploration and reservoir analysis
Subfield: Mechanics of Materials
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Antimicrobial and Antioxidative Probiotic Lactobacillus Fermentum Me-3

Aging of population, new emerging infections, allergies as well as atherosclerosis and cardio- vascular diseases have become serious problems for world community. There is a clear need for healthy nutrition and development of functional food (FF), including probiotics. Probiotics are beneficial microbes that consumed as FF normalize the composition of the intestinal microbiota, improve the immune and metabolic functions of host. This book presents the strain Lactobacillus fermentum ME-3 as a novel antimicrobial and a unique antioxidative probiotic. The functional properties of the ME-3 include both high antimicrobial activity against food-borne pathogens and high antioxidative activity which makes the strain a perfect natural protector against oxidative stress. The probiotic ME-3 was elaborated according to the regulations of WHO/FAO (2002). The special industrial technology has been developed for incorporation of the probiotic into cheese and milk products in Estonia. The book should help to shed some light on the aspects of elaboration of probiotic FF and could be useful to students of (bio)medicine or to anybody who is interested in “good bugs”.

Topic: Probiotics and Fermented Foods
Subfield: Food Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Growth and yield of cactus pear under irrigation frequencies and nitrogen fertilization

ABSTRACT Microirrigation associated with nitrogen (N) fertilization aims to meet the water and nutritional demands of cactus pear. The objective of this study was to evaluate the growth and yield of cactus pear (Opuntia ficus-indica) irrigated by microirrigation and fertilized with N. The experiment was conducted in the field at the Poço Redondo farm, Santa Luzia, PB, Brazil (6° 52’ 27’’ S and 36º 56’ 0’’ W and altitude of 299 m), between April and December 2017. The experimental design was in randomized blocks in a 5 x 2 factorial scheme, with five irrigation frequencies (7, 14, 21, 28 and 35 days) and two types of fertilization (soil fertilized with N and not fertilized) in the cultivar ‘Orelha de Elefante Mexicana’, with three replicates. Different irrigation frequencies promote reduction in green biomass yield and increase in the economic water productivity when using of the cladode for propagative material. Nitrogen fertilization increased growth, green biomass yield, water productivity and economic water productivity. The greatest economic return is obtained by producing cladodes marketed for propagative material. Reducing the frequency of irrigation promotes greater water saving, increasing the irrigated area and production by using less water at high frequency.

Topic: Botanical Research and Applications
Subfield: Food Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
The influence of the BAYER strategy on teaching some basic football skills for students

Objective: The BAYER method has a considerable impact on the learning of rolling and passing skills with a football ball for students, and there are statistically significant differences in the post-test results for students' learning of rolling and passing skills with a football ball based on their research group. Research Methodology: The researcher used an experimental approach with a two-group design, the research community was selected from the first-year students in the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences for the academic year (2024-2025 AD), numbering (150) students, distributed into (5) sections (AB, C, D, E). The research sample consisted of (40) students who were randomly selected by lottery from sections (AB, C, D, E). They were divided into two groups of (20) students for each group, with a percentage of (26.66%) of the community (10) students were excluded, with a percentage of (6.66%) of the community (15) exploratory sample were selected, with a percentage of (10%) of the community. Results: The results showed that there were significant differences between the pre-test and post-test, in favor of the post-test, and the evidence of development was clearly recognizable to the researcher from the results, was due to the effect of the steps of the BAYER method on students learning rolling and passing in football. This indicates the effect of the strategy and its sequential steps. Conclusions: The BAYER method, has a significant positive effect on students learning to perform football rolling and passing skills.

Topic: Sports and Physical Education Research
Subfield: Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation
Field: Health Professions
Domain: Health Sciences
A Parametric Integral Formulation to Approximate the Magneto Quasi-Static Fields of 3D Cylindrical Solenoids with Helical Winding

The solenoid has been used extensively in a wide range of electrical applications. In the present work, an analytical model is presented for estimating the 3-dimensional (3D) magneto quasi-static fields of the cylindrical solenoid with helix-shaped (helical) wire winding. The proposed integral formulation is based on the Schur (Hadamard) vector product of the current vector I and the helical tangent vector T, to express the magnetic vector potential A. The model is used to estimate the magnetic flux density vector B and the flux linkage Psi anywhere in 3D space, excluding the (source) regions of conducting wire. A constant scaling coefficient, based on measured terminal inductance, is proposed for calibration of the model's magnetic field. Error analysis is presented on the numerical integration, based on truncated series expansion of complete elliptic integrals in terms of Chebychev polynomials. The model may be used to estimate all three cylindrical components of the magneto quasi-static fields of solenoids as a function of core diameter, wire radius, the number of wire turns per winding layer, the number of winding layers, and the complex permeability of frequency-dependent linear material. Several numerical examples are provided to validate the helical model against the superposition of circular loops, and an idealized circuit model.

Topic: Superconducting Materials and Applications
Subfield: Biomedical Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
THE PURPOSE AND TASKS OF THE TECHNOLOGY OF DEVELOPMENT OF ARCHITECTURAL ENVIRONMENT LANDSCAPE SOLUTIONS OF TOURIST ROUTES IN UZBEKISTAN

<em>In this article, the technologies of development of tourist routes, their integral connection with the landscape and road systems, the main concepts were defined and the terminological apparatus was formed. The concept of "tourist route" is defined, the interpretation of the terms "tourist route" and "tourist roads", types of tourist routes and their formation are studied. Planning of tourist routes should be organized in such a way as to create an opportunity to choose routes that effectively use available resources based on tourist routes. Tourist routes should be separated according to the purpose, topic (thematic), formation, transport affiliation, seasonality, territorial characteristics, different from tourist routes. On the other hand, it is explained that the tourist routes are considered as thematically distinct routes for tourists.</em>

Topic: Education, Innovation and Language Studies
Subfield: Education
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Testing the ability of chitosan nanoparticles to improve development and performance of honey bee colonies during early spring

Abstract Chitosan has shown promising results in improving bee health. The experiments of this study investigated the effects of using chitosan nanoparticles (CHNPs) on honey bee colonies. CHNPs were added into the bee feed at three concentrations: 10, 30, and 60 ppm ( i.e . CHNPs 10, CHNPs 30, and CHNPs 60). The effects of these treatments on activities and performance of bee colonies were compared during early spring in addition to a control group without CHNPs. The survival experiment supported the safety of these concentrations of CHNPs to bees. The data from the apiary showed the superior results of CHNPs 30 and CHNPs 60 on comb building, hygienic behavior, stored food, and colony strength significantly than CHNPs 10 and the control group. No significant variations generally were found between CHNPs 30 and CHNPs 60 as well as between CHNPs 10 and the control group in the measured parameters. The mean numbers of dead bees in front of beehive entrances supported the absence of negative effects of CHNPs on bee colonies. The study emphasized the role of chitosan nanoparticles in enhancing performance and activities of bee colonies especially with CHNPs 30 and CHNPs 60 after winter season.

Topic: Insect and Pesticide Research
Subfield: Insect Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
&lt;title&gt;Delayed luminescence spectra detection of AflatoxinB1 contamination in whole rice&lt;/title&gt;

Employing a luminescence spectrometer the usefulness of light-induced delayed luminescence (DL) for the detection of aflatoxinB1 (AfB1) contamination in whole rice was studied. Rice was artificially contaminated with Aspergillus flavus (7.5×10<sup>5</sup> conidia/ml) and incubated for 0 - 72 h. The DL spectra of contaminated rice were obtained by a luminescence spectrometer. The correlation between the spectra and contamination levels was established. The DL intensity has a negative correlation with the AfB1 concentration. The results suggested that the DL technique might be useful for the rapid and non-invasive evaluation of AfB1 contamination levels in whole rice.

Topic: Mycotoxins in Agriculture and Food
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Error correcting codes for robust color wavelet watermarking

Abstract This article details the conception, design, development and analysis of invisible, blind and robust color image watermarking algorithms based on the wavelet transform. Using error correcting codes, the watermarking algorithms are designed to be robust against intentional or unintentional attacks such as JPEG compression, additive white Gaussian noise, low pass filter and color attacks (hue, saturation and brightness modifications). Considering the watermarking channel characterized by these attacks, repetition, Hamming, Bose Chaudhuri Hocquenghem and Reed-Solomon codes are used in order to improve the robustness using different modes and appropriate decoding algorithms. The article compares the efficiency of different type of codes against different type of attacks. To the best of our knowledge this is the first time that the effect of error-correcting codes against different attacks are detailed in a watermarking context in such a precise way: describing and comparing the effect of different classes of codes against different type of attacks. This article clearly shows that list decoding of Reed-Solomon codes using the algorithm of Sudan exhibits good performance against hue and saturation attacks. The use of error correcting codes in a concatenation mode allows the non-binary block codes to show good performance against JPEG compression, noise and brightness attacks.

Topic: Advanced Steganography and Watermarking Techniques
Subfield: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Conservation Status of Great Indian One-Horned Rhinoceros (Rhinoceros unicornis) Found in Kaziranga National Park, Assam, India: A Review on Challenges and Current Efforts

The greater one-horned rhinoceros (Rhinoceros unicornis) of Assam’s Kaziranga National Park is one of the most iconic wildlife species found in the entire world. It is commonly found in Assam, Nepal, Bhutan and Pakistan. The population of rhinos in Assam is nearly 2895 out of which 2613 of them are concentrated in the Kaziranga National Park. It is confined to the forests and tall grasslands in the foothills of the Himalayas. It is an excellent swimmer and can run at speeds of up to 25 mph (40 km/h) for short intervals of time. It has a relatively poor eyesight but excellent senses of olfaction and hearing. Due to the massive conservation efforts, the poaching of the iconic Rhinoceros unicornis has reduced considerably bringing its status from ‘endangered’ to ‘vulnerable’ in 2008.

Topic: Fish Biology and Ecology Studies
Subfield: Aquatic Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences