jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Action at a distance

Purpose By using Latour’s notion of “action at a distance” (Latour, 1987), the purpose of this paper is to examine the ways in which the government acts at a distance to achieve corporate governance of public sector banks, and the extent to which accounting enables such actions of the government. Design/methodology/approach This study follows the qualitative research approach and adopts the case study research method. A major public sector bank in Sri Lanka was selected as the case organization for this study. Data were gathered from semi-structured interviews with organizational participants and document study. Findings The study provides evidence to suggest that inscriptions produced through four areas of accounting, namely external reporting, external auditing, management accounting and internal auditing, have the capacity to develop strong explanations enabling action at a distance and good corporate governance in the case organization. The study also provides evidence to show how the role of accounting in long-distance control and corporate governance in the case organization is influenced by various contextual factors. In particular, the study finds that undue government interference over the case organization to gain the long-distance control have resulted in deteriorating the level of corporate governance. Research limitations/implications The findings support the literature that examines the accounting in its social context. Practical implications The findings suggest that actors should be allowed to operate independently, particularly without political expedience and undue influences from pressure groups, which ensure effective utilization of accounting inscriptions by the actors in long-distance control as well as good corporate governance of public sector banks. Originality/value Although research into accounting in public sector organizations has gained considerable importance in recent times, those studies examining public sector banks are still lacking. The paper aims to fill this gap.

Topic: Accounting and Organizational Management
Subfield: Management Information Systems
Field: Business, Management and Accounting
Domain: Social Sciences
PEMBERDAYAAN MASYARAKAT MELALUI PROGRAM DESA SIAGA AKTIF OLEH PEMERINTAH DESA PANGAUBAN KECAMATAN BATUJAJAR KABUPATEN BANDUNG BARAT

The title of this research is "Community Empowerment through Active Alert Village Program by the Pangauban Village Government, Batujajar District, West Bandung Regency". The phenomenon in this study saw the optimal Community Empowerment through the Active Alert Village Program by the Pangauban Village Government, Batujajar District, West Bandung Regency. The research method that researchers use is descriptive research methods with a qualitative approach. The technique of determining the informants used was purposive sampling technique. The results of this study indicate that the implementation of the Active Alert Village Program by the Pangauban Village Government has been optimal, it can be seen from (1) Building relationships with related parties regarding health empowerment, cooperation and coordination have been well and sustainable. A sense of empathy is well established through mutual cooperation between communities. (2) How to build communication that is manifested is more focused on people who have actively participated in the Active Alert Village Program (3) are involved in problem solving in strengthening community participation has gone well, the community has been involved in decision making and evaluation. (4) Reflecting the attitudes and values ??of the social work profession, there is no form of discrimination in the application of the Active Alert Village program.

Topic: Local Governance and Development
Subfield: Geography, Planning and Development
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Malignant melanoma of the anorectum A report of three cases.

直腸胆門部悪性黒魚腫の3例を報告した.3例中2例では,触診や内視鏡所見から本疾患を疑うことはできず,また生検を採取した2例中1例は印環細胞癌,他の1例は低分化腺癌と報告され,悪性黒色腫の術前診断は得られなかった,3例中2例では,直腸切断術およびOK432とDTIC,ACNU,Vincristine(DAV療法)による免疫化学療法が,他の1例では,直腸切断術とBCG療法が施行された.全例,血行性およびリンパ行性転移をきたして8～29カ月後に死亡した.1983年までの本邦報告例を分析し,自験例と合わせて本疾患の診断と治療における問題点を検討した.

Topic: Cutaneous Melanoma Detection and Management
Subfield: Oncology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
An Integrative Approach to Computational Modelling of the Gene Regulatory Network Controlling Clostridium botulinum Type A1 Toxin Production

Clostridium botulinum produces botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs), highly potent substances responsible for botulism. Currently, mathematical models of C. botulinum growth and toxigenesis are largely aimed at risk assessment and do not include explicit genetic information beyond group level but integrate many component processes, such as signalling, membrane permeability and metabolic activity. In this paper we present a scheme for modelling neurotoxin production in C. botulinum Group I type A1, based on the integration of diverse information coming from experimental results available in the literature. Experiments show that production of BoNTs depends on the growth-phase and is under the control of positive and negative regulatory elements at the intracellular level. Toxins are released as large protein complexes and are associated with non-toxic components. Here, we systematically review and integrate those regulatory elements previously described in the literature for C. botulinum Group I type A1 into a population dynamics model, to build the very first computational model of toxin production at the molecular level. We conduct a validation of our model against several items of published experimental data for different wild type and mutant strains of C. botulinum Group I type A1. The result of this process underscores the potential of mathematical modelling at the cellular level, as a means of creating opportunities in developing new strategies that could be used to prevent botulism; and potentially contribute to improved methods for the production of toxin that is used for therapeutics.

Topic: Botulinum Toxin and Related Neurological Disorders
Subfield: Neurology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Biochemical Characterization of a Novel <scp>l</scp> -Asparaginase with Low Glutaminase Activity from Rhizomucor miehei and Its Application in Food Safety and Leukemia Treatment

ABSTRACT A novel fungal gene encoding the Rhizomucor miehei l -asparaginase (RmAsnase) was cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli . Its deduced amino acid sequence shared only 57% identity with the amino acid sequences of other reported l -asparaginases. The purified l -asparaginase homodimer had a molecular mass of 133.7 kDa, a high specific activity of 1,985 U/mg, and very low glutaminase activity. RmAsnase was optimally active at pH 7.0 and 45°C and was stable at this temperature for 30 min. The final level of acrylamide in biscuits and bread was decreased by about 81.6% and 94.2%, respectively, upon treatment with 10 U RmAsnase per mg flour. Moreover, this l -asparaginase was found to potentiate a lectin's induction of leukemic K562 cell apoptosis, allowing lowering of the drug dosage and shortening of the incubation time. Overall, our findings suggest that RmAsnase possesses a remarkable potential for the food industry and in chemotherapeutics for leukemia.

Topic: Plant tissue culture and regeneration
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Dictatorship, liberalism and the Pareto rule: Possible and impossible

The current economic crisis has shaken belief in the capacity of neoliberal 'free market' policies. Numerous supports of state intervention have arisen, and the interest for social choice theory has revived. In this paper we consider three standard properties for aggregating individual into social preferences: dictatorship, liberalism and the Pareto rule, and their formal negations. The context of the pure first-order classical logic makes it possible to show how some combinations of the above mentioned conditions, under the hypothesis of unrestricted domain, form simple and reasonable examples of possible or impossible social choice systems. Due to their simplicity, these examples, including the famous 'liberal paradox', could have a particular didactic value.

Topic: Game Theory and Voting Systems
Subfield: Economics and Econometrics
Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance
Domain: Social Sciences
OPTIMISATION TECHNIQUES FOR COMPUTER-AIDED QUENCH CORRECTION.

In liquid scintillation counting as practiced in today's laboratories the reliability and accuracy of the machines is commonly assumed to be a negligible factor when compared with the accuracy of the measurement being performed. Fortunately, for the majority of cases this is correct. The user of scintillation counters is allowed the luxury of some powerful simplifications. He can decide how long to count any specific sample based on Poisson statistics. He ignores the machine drift, sample asymmetries, position errors, sample inhomogeneities and most of the other pitfalls in the path of righteous counting. By controlling sample composition he will even often be able to ignore variable quenching. All of these problems, however, become manifest for computer programs with the ultimate goal of on-line data capture and reduction. The most important design requirement for such a package is that the programs be written for the most sophisticated user to be encountered. With today's high speed computers, the storage space and management which would be required to hold a series of programs of variouslevels of sophistication are much more expensive than would be the saving in computer time realised by most of the users being content with simple algorithms. Thus, it becomes incumbent on the systems analyst to find the limits of the system and those factors contributing to error. Using such a systems approach leads, in turn, to optimisation of the data handling, the machine design, and finally (and most difficult in many cases) education of the user in proper machine utilisation and sample preparation. The goal is a good estimator of the disintegration rate D. This rate is observed indirectly by counting and adjusting for the efficiency, D = C/E where C is the counting rate, E the efficiency of the channel. Goodness is not a subtle concept in this case. A good estimator should be sufficient, be consistent, have minimum variance, and perhaps be unbiased. We want to know its sampling distribution, or at least its variance so as to

Topic: Scientific Computing and Data Management
Subfield: Information Systems and Management
Field: Decision Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Use of the Three-Spined Stickleback () As a Sensitive Test for Detection of Environmental Antiandrogens-1

<b>Copyright information:</b>Taken from "Use of the Three-Spined Stickleback () As a Sensitive Test for Detection of Environmental Antiandrogens"Environmental Health Perspectives 2005;114(S-1):115-121.Published online 21 Oct 2005PMCID:PMC1874185.This is an Open Access article: verbatim copying and redistribution of this article are permitted in all media for any purpose, provided this notice is preserved along with the article's original DOI

Topic: Lightning and Electromagnetic Phenomena
Subfield: Astronomy and Astrophysics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Hiding in Plain Sight: Characterization of Aeromonas Species Isolated from a Recreational Estuary Reveals the Carriage and Putative Dissemination of Resistance Genes

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has become one of the greatest challenges worldwide, hampering the treatment of a plethora of infections. Indeed, the AMR crisis poses a threat to the achievement of the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals and, due to its multisectoral character, a holistic approach is needed to tackle this issue. Thus, the investigation of environments beyond the clinic is of utmost importance. Here, we investigated thirteen strains of antimicrobial-resistant Aeromonas isolated from an urban estuary in Brazil. Most strains carried at least one antimicrobial resistance gene and 11 carried at least one heavy metal resistance gene. Noteworthy, four (30.7%) strains carried the blaKPC gene, coding for a carbapenemase. In particular, the whole-genome sequence of Aeromonas hydrophila strain 34SFC-3 was determined, revealing not only the presence of antimicrobial and heavy metal resistance genes but also a versatile virulome repertoire. Mobile genetic elements, including insertion sequences, transposons, integrative conjugative elements, and an IncQ1 plasmid were also detected. Considering the ubiquity of Aeromonas species, their genetic promiscuity, pathogenicity, and intrinsic features to endure environmental stress, our findings reinforce the concept that A. hydrophila truly is a “Jack of all trades’’ that should not be overlooked under the One Health perspective.

Topic: Aquaculture disease management and microbiota
Subfield: Immunology
Field: Immunology and Microbiology
Domain: Life Sciences
Enhancing crop yields in the developing countries through restoration of the soil organic carbon pool in agricultural lands

Abstract Food production in developing countries, estimated at 1223 million metric tons (Mg), must be increased by 778 million Mg or 2·5 per cent y −1 between 2000 and 2025 to meet the needs of an increased population and projected change in diet. Among numerous options, the one based on enhancing soil quality and agronomic productivity per unit area through improvement in soil organic carbon pool has numerous ancillary benefits. The available data show that crop yields can be increased by 20–70 kg ha −1 for wheat, 10–50 kg ha −1 for rice, and 30–300 kg ha −1 for maize with every 1 Mg ha −1 increase in soil organic carbon pool in the root zone. Adoption of recommended management practices on agricultural lands and degraded soils would enhance soil quality including the available water holding capacity, cation exchange capacity, soil aggregation, and susceptibility to crusting and erosion. Increase in soil organic carbon pool by 1 Mg ha −1 y −1 can increase food grain production by 32 million Mg y −1 in developing countries. While advancing food security, this strategy would also off‐set fossil fuel emissions at the rate of 0·5 Pg C y −1 through carbons sequestration in agricultural soils of developing countries. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.

Topic: Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics
Subfield: Soil Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Deciphering the genetic control of the tolerance to mal secco in lemon through a multi-parental QTL approach

Lemon [Citrus limon (L.) Burm. f.] is one of the most important citrus species, mainly prized for the organoleptic and nutraceutical properties of the juice and the peel (Muccilli et al., 2020). Since more than a century, mal secco, a tracheomycosis caused by the fungus Plenodomus tracheiphilus, represents a major threat for lemon cultivation in many Mediterranean countries, and mainly in Italy, causing the desiccation of twigs and branches leading, often, to the death of the plant (Catalano et al., 2021). To detect candidate genes linked to tolerance to mal secco, one inter- and one intra-specific segregating populations were obtained crossing two tolerant genotypes namely: ‘Interdonato’ lemon, and Citrus latipes, with the highly susceptible ‘Femminello Siracusano 2Kr’ lemon, generating a total of 240 seedlings. Two phenotyping methods were applied in parallel for two consecutive seasons: the artificial inoculation of the leaves and the in vivo assessment of symptoms through the cultivation in an area characterized by a high selective pressure of the pathogen. The genotyping was performed using a single-primer enrichment technology (SPET), leading to the definition of 49,478 robust SNPs; the known ancestors of lemon (citron, pummelo, mandarin and sour orange) were also genotyped to achieve a more complete picture of the allelic flow through generations. Marker-trait association analysis was carried out employing a pedigree-based approach (PBA) in which all accessions are analyzed simultaneously taking advantage of the availability of the pedigree records. Preliminary results highlighted the presence of a major QTLs in LG5. The understanding of the genetic regulation of the tolerance to mal secco and the availability of molecular markers linked to this trait will play a crucial role toward the obtainment of novel varieties coupling resistance to mal secco with optimal fruit quality and productivity

Topic: Genetic Mapping and Diversity in Plants and Animals
Subfield: Genetics
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Evaluation of Two Process Yields in Acceptance Sampling Plans

Abstract Competitive activities always support improvement in quality. In this study, a repetitive group sampling plan is designed to compare the two process yield indices of respective suppliers. A ratio statistic of two yield indices is proposed for estimated linear profiles under normal assumptions. The operating characteristic function is derived by using the distribution of the ratio statistic. Designed parameters are optimized to minimize the sample size required.

Topic: Advanced Statistical Process Monitoring
Subfield: Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty
Field: Decision Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Multiwall carbon nanotubes grown on a four-probe patterned catalyst layer for chemical sensor applications

The fabrication and the application of aligned multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) grown on a four-probe patterned catalyst layer for the detection of chemical vapors are reported. The temperature resistance results show that the aligned MWNTs are semiconducting and follow the 3-dimensional hopping conduction mechanism. Effects of oxygen plasma on the characteristics of the MWNTs are also investigated. The four-probe MWNTs devices show resistance changes with exposure to gas vapors and that correlate with solvent polarity parameters. Those results suggest that our four-probe MWNTs devices are promising for chemical sensor applications.

Topic: Carbon Nanotubes in Composites
Subfield: Materials Chemistry
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Regularities of thermal deformations in Monoclinic Crystals

Abstract The results of calculations of thermal deformation tensor and its analysis are given for eleven silicates and vanadates of clinopyroxenic structure. It is shown that the level of thermal deformation anisotropy in monoclinity plane is in stable correlation with velocity of monoclimity angle change. The correlation is explained by considerable contribution of shear component into deformations. Considering the shears it is possible to understand, to separate the thermal deformations in monoclinic crystals into components and to summarize them from those components. The given regularities permit generalisations for triclinic crystals as well as for pressure and chemical (compositional) deformations.

Topic: High-pressure geophysics and materials
Subfield: Geophysics
Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences
Domain: Physical Sciences
Global eigenvalue fluctuations of random biregular bipartite graphs

We compute the eigenvalue fluctuations of uniformly distributed random biregular bipartite graphs with fixed and growing degrees for a large class of analytic functions. As a key step in the proof, we obtain a total variation distance bound for the Poisson approximation of the number of cycles and cyclically non-backtracking walks in random biregular bipartite graphs, which might be of independent interest. We also prove a semicircle law for random $(d_1,d_2)$-biregular bipartite graphs when $\frac{d_1}{d_2}\to\infty$. As an application, we translate the results to adjacency matrices of uniformly distributed random regular hypergraphs.

Topic: Random Matrices and Applications
Subfield: Statistics and Probability
Field: Mathematics
Domain: Physical Sciences
The vectorial release of nascent immunoglobulin peptides

A microsomal preparation from a mouse plasmacytoma, MOPC 47A, that secretes immunoglobulin A was used to study the release of nascent immunoglobulin peptides in vitro. Nascent chains were released with puromycin and characterized with specific antiserum against the immunoglobulin product of the tumour. When the tissue had been prelabelled with [3H]leucine the experiments were complicated by the large background of completed radioactive polypeptides in the microsomal preparation. Up to one-third of the released radioactivity in the microsomal preparation could be recognized as immunoglobulin. With [3H]-puromycin as the radioactive label, however, the results are much easier to interpret, although the proportion of released radioactivity that can be identified as immunoglobulin is lower (up to one-tenth). Both types of experiment demonstrate that all of the recognizable nascent immunoglobulin chains remain in association with the microsomal vesicles after release from the ribosomes.

Topic: Monoclonal and Polyclonal Antibodies Research
Subfield: Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Ribonucleic acids from barley leaves

1. The total RNA and the RNA present in 27000g pellet (probably composed of chloroplasts, nuclei and mitochondria) and in 27000g supernatant (probably composed of microsomes and soluble proteins) fractions (separated by centrifugation at 27000g of a leaf homogenate prepared in 0.5m-sucrose-0.02m-tris-HCl, pH7.6) of barley leaves were extracted by phenol-sodium lauryl sulphate and their elution profiles on Sephadex G-200 and on ECTEOLA-cellulose anion-exchanger were examined and their nucleotide compositions and the melting curves were determined. 2. The pellet and the supernatant fractions contained respectively about 55% and 20% of the total RNA, whereas 25% of the total RNA was lost during homogenization of the leaf tissue with sucrose-buffer. 3. The total RNA or the RNA from pellet or supernatant fractions, which by its behaviour on Sephadex G-200 columns was found to be predominantly of high molecular weight (i.e. of ribosomal origin), produced about 13 peaks on ECTEOLA-cellulose columns. The RNA species in the pellet and supernatant fractions probably resembled each other in molecular size or secondary structure or both. However, they were present in relatively different amounts in these fractions. 4. The T(m) (i.e. the temperature at which 50% of the maximal increase in extinction had occurred) of total RNA and of RNA from pellet fraction was 64.5 degrees whereas T(m) of RNA from the supernatant fraction was 73 degrees . The total RNA and the RNA from pellet fraction also resembled each other in nucleotide composition, and the RNA from the supernatant fraction in accordance with its high T(m) had a high GMP+CMP content.

Topic: Plant Genetic and Mutation Studies
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Growth failure in children with renal disease : incidence, pathophysiology, new perspectives with growth hormone therapy

Stunted growth is a serious problem for children with chronic renal insufficiency (CRI).\\nAdvances in the treatment of renal insufficiency, including dialysis and renal transplantation, have\\ngreatly improved the survival rate for these patients. Consequently the failure to grow has become a\\nmajor issue. Unfortunately. despite intensive medical care, optimized nutrition. vitamin D and\\nmineral supplements, and dialysis, it has proved impossible to improve height velocity.\\' Growth\\nretardation tends to occur when the glomerular filtration rate drops below 20-30 ml/min/L73m\\'.\\nInfants with CRI secondary to congenital renal abnonnalities are particularly prone to growth failure\\nduring the first years of life. When CRI is first diagnosed in a child, the child\\'s height will often lie\\nbelow the third height percentile for age. It has been reported that nearly 40% of children that enter\\ndialysis have a height below the third height percentile.

Topic: Birth, Development, and Health
Subfield: Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences