jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Strong purifying selection in the silicon transporters of marine and freshwater diatoms

Marine and freshwater diatoms show several important differences in silicon physiology. In addition to containing an order of magnitude more silica in their cell walls, freshwater diatoms also appear to have a less efficient silicic acid uptake mechanism. A novel set of silicon transporters (SITs), encoded by a small gene family, import silicic acid from the environment into the diatom cell. Some evidence suggests that the disparity in uptake efficiency between marine and freshwater diatoms might be attributable to different demands on SITs in the two environments. To test this hypothesis, partial SIT genes were cloned and sequenced from 45 species of Thalassiosirales, a diatom lineage with high diversity in marine and freshwaters. Phylogenetically based codon substitution models were used to test whether SIT s from marine and freshwater taxa were under similar selective constraints and whether codons in different structural locations of the protein were under similar functional constraints. Purifying selection is the predominant evolutionary force acting on SIT s, irrespective of location in the protein, and differences in efficiency of silicic acid uptake between marine and freshwater diatoms are not due to sequence differences in SIT s.

Topic: Diatoms and Algae Research
Subfield: Biomaterials
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Parallel complexity of partially commutative monoids

We consider the parallel complexity of some problems issued from Petri nets, partially commutative monoids and finite automata. we prove the following: (19 The membership problem for firing sequances on Petri Nets can be solved in constant time by circuits of unbounded fan-in with gates

Topic: semigroups and automata theory
Subfield: Computational Theory and Mathematics
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Medical Negligence–Legal Narrative and Prevention in Malaysian Medical Practice

Medical negligence cases in Malaysia are not far behind from other developed countries in terms of quantity and costs. The challenges of medical negligence in Malaysia have always been an enemy to both patients and doctors. Both parties may lose more than they gain from the adversarial adventure of medical litigation. Hence prevention of medical negligence is the best effort in ensuring the best medical practice for both parties. Practicing ethical medical practice and improving communication with the patient is some of the methods to avoid getting sued. If this fails, alternatives to medical litigation such as alternative dispute resolution in the form of mediation and no-fault compensation scheme. These alternatives may offer more to both parties rather than going through the litigation process.

Topic: Medical Malpractice and Liability Issues
Subfield: Pharmacy
Field: Health Professions
Domain: Health Sciences
Validity &amp; reliability of the Persian version of Grasha-Richmann student learning styles scale

Introduction: The present study aimed to investigate the psychometric&#13;\nproperties of Grasha-Riechmann Student Learning Styles Scale.&#13;\nMethod: The participants included 1039 students (421 students in human and&#13;\n618 students in technical sciences), selected through the stratified sampling&#13;\nmethod from Tehran University. They answered the Grasha-Riechmann&#13;\nstudent learning style scale and the data was analyzed with exploratory and&#13;\nconfirmatory factor analyses.&#13;\nResults: The findings acquired from exploratory factor analysis (n=561), using&#13;\nprincipal components analysis with varimax rotation showed that Grasha-&#13;\nRiechmann Student Learning Styles Scale includes six factors: Avoidant,&#13;\nCollaborative, Participative, Dependent, Competitive, and Independent. The&#13;\nfactors acquired from confirmatory factor analysis (n=478), as model fit&#13;\nindices indicated, was confirmed by indices in exploratory factor analysis. The&#13;\ninternal consistency of each subscale, ranging from 0.58 to 0.80, was at an&#13;\nacceptable level.&#13;\nConclusion: According to the findings, it seems that Participative Styles Scale&#13;\nto be an instrument qualifying validity and reliability for measuring learning&#13;\ninteractive styles.

Topic: Learning Styles and Cognitive Differences
Subfield: Developmental and Educational Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Activity of Insectivorous Bats is Related to Water Availability in a Highly Modified Mexican Temperate Forest

(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) Artificial ponds are important foraging and drinking resources for bats at La Michilía, a temperate forest with a marked seasonal drought. Using acoustic data we tested the hypothesis that water availability restricts bat activity in the dry season to ponds, whereas in the rainy season resources are widely available and therefore used throughout the area. We compared bat activity at six ponds with that of a 500-meter transect perpendicular to each pond. We predicted that activity would be higher at ponds in the dry season, whereas in the rainy season activity should be equal or higher at transects. Also, all species guilds would use ponds in the dry season, whereas gleaners, edge aerial and open aerial foragers would be more frequent at transects in the rainy season. In no instance activity was higher at transects than at ponds during the rainy season. Open areas showed little or no bat activity in the dry season, but were very active in the rainy season. One transect located in dense forest and one near human dwellings were active both seasons. Open aerial foragers were present mostly on ponds in the dry season, and on ponds and transects in the rainy season; edge aerial bats were common in ponds in the dry season, but rare in transects in the rainy season. Trawling bats used ponds and transects in both seasons; and gleaners were rare over ponds and transects in both seasons. Because bats use the local habitat differently depending on season and feeding guild, and climate and seasonality vary greatly in Mexican temperate forests, conservation strategies can not be generalized, but should be implemented on a case-by-case basis.

Topic: Bat Biology and Ecology Studies
Subfield: Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
The finite-difference vector beam propagation method: analysis and assessment

The newly developed finite-difference vector beam propagation method (FD-VBPM) is analyzed and assessed for application to two-dimensional waveguide structures. The general formulations for the FD-VBPM are derived from the vector wave equations for the electric fields. The stability criteria, the numerical dissipation, and the dispersion of the finite-difference schemes are analyzed by applying the von Neumann method. Important issues regarding the implementation, such as the choice of reference refractive index, the application of numerical boundary conditions, and the use of numerical solution schemes, are discussed. The FD-VBPM is assessed by calculating the attenuation coefficients and the percentage errors of the propagation constants of the TE and TM modes of a step-index slab waveguide. Several salient features of the FD-VBPM are illustrated.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>

Topic: Gyrotron and Vacuum Electronics Research
Subfield: Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
An annotated list of the Lepidoptera of Alberta, Canada

This dataset contains the digitized treatments in Plazi based on the original journal article Pohl, Greg, Anweiler, Gary, Schmidt, Christian, Kondla, Norbert (2010): An annotated list of the Lepidoptera of Alberta, Canada. ZooKeys 38 (38): 1-549, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.38.383

Topic: Lepidoptera: Biology and Taxonomy
Subfield: Genetics
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Works in English

This is an annotated bibliography of Catholic books in English printed abroad or secretly in England at a time when Catholic printing was prohibited in England and such books, when discovered by the authorities, were seized and destroyed. It includes all the 930 items listed in the authors' A Catalogue of Catholic Books in English..., 1956 (A&R) except for a handful which, for reasons of consistency, were described in volume I of the present work (Scolar Press, 1989), and it adds a further twenty-five on which information has come to light more recently. The annotations, historical, literary and bibliographical, are very much fuller than those in A&R and include a vast amount of evidence now brought together for the first time. The true authors of many anonymous and pseudonymous books are identified and many books issued with a false imprint, or no imprint at all, are assigned to particular presses. In each entry, up to fifteen locations are given where known. A concordance links the entries with those in A&R to facilitate cross-reference from one to the other, and indexes of titles, printers and publishers, and persons (including foreign authors) mentioned in the text are provided. The volume concludes with a short list of Addenda and Corrigenda to volume I.

Topic: Reformation and Early Modern Christianity
Subfield: History
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
A Binding Mode Hypothesis\nof Tiagabine Confirms Liothyronine\nEffect on γ‑Aminobutyric Acid Transporter 1 (GAT1)

Elevating\nGABA levels in the synaptic cleft by inhibiting its reuptake\ncarrier GAT1 is an established approach for the treatment of CNS disorders\nlike epilepsy. With the increasing availability of crystal structures\nof transmembrane transporters, structure-based approaches to elucidate\nthe molecular basis of ligand–transporter interaction also\nbecome feasible. Experimental data guided docking of derivatives of\nthe GAT1 inhibitor tiagabine into a protein homology model of GAT1\nallowed derivation of a common binding mode for this class of inhibitors\nthat is able to account for the distinct structure–activity\nrelationship pattern of the data set. Translating essential binding\nfeatures into a pharmacophore model followed by in silico screening\nof the DrugBank identified liothyronine as a drug potentially exerting\na similar effect on GAT1. Experimental testing further confirmed the\nGAT1 inhibiting properties of this thyroid hormone.

Topic: Genetic and Environmental Crop Studies
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Effect of foliar application of 24-epibrassinolide and salicylic acid on common bean plants grown under drought stress

The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential use of two bioregulators, 24-epibrassinolide (BR) and salicylic acid (SA), as attenuators of drought stress on common bean plants (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). This was done by subjecting the plants to three different soil moisture levels, and then analyzing: gas exchange by the leaves, enzymes of antioxidant metabolism (superoxide dismutase, catalase and ascorbate peroxidase), total soluble protein content, photosynthetic pigments, relative leaf water content, and biometric parameters. Neither SA nor BR had significant effects on the parameters of gas exchange and photosynthetic pigments, but they helped to regulate the levels of hydrogen peroxide in the plants, by adjusting both ascorbate peroxidase activity and catalase activity. Therefore, SA and BR are considered to be useful treatments for increasing tolerance to water stress in common bean plants, because their use caused improvements in the plants’ protective mechanisms against drought stress, without any detrimental side effects.

Topic: Plant Growth Enhancement Techniques
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Influence of a Pilot Nutrition Education Program on Dietary Knowledge among Undergraduate College Students

Objective and Participants: The objective of this study was to determine if a nutrition education program, Everyday Healthy Eating on Campus (EHEC), resulted in positive healthy eating perceptions and behaviors among 103 undergraduates. Methods: Students from eight dormitories (n = 42) and five classrooms (n = 61) completed a shortened Diet and Health Knowledge Survey (DHKS) prior to and one month after EHEC. Another 153 students from eight dormitories (n = 56) and five classrooms (n = 62) were the comparison group. Results: Students that completed EHEC increased their perceived value of eating a diet moderate in salt and sugar, low in saturated fat, adequate in fiber, eating a variety of foods, and consuming a diet with adequate carbohydrate containing foods (p &lt; 0.05). No significant differences were found in comparison group surveys (p &gt; 0.05). Conclusions: A simple one session college nutrition education program focusing on specific campus dining strategies appears to positively affect undergraduate students’ perceived value of healthy eating.

Topic: Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet
Subfield: Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Research at the Point of Care: Using Electronic Medical Record Systems to Generate Clinically Meaningful Evidence

Context Health care leaders have recommended the use of health information technology to improve the quality of patient care. In athletic training, using informatics, such as electronic medical records (EMRs), would support practice-based decisions about patient care. However, athletic trainers (ATs) may lack the knowledge to effectively participate in point-of-care clinical research using EMRs. Objectives To discuss the role of EMRs in athletic training and identify methodologic approaches to conducting clinical research at the point of care. Description The 2020 Commission on Accreditation of Athletic Training Education curricular content standards included the use of an electronic patient record to document care, mitigate error, and support decision making through the collection and use of patient data (Standard 64). Patient data are collected by ATs at the point of care via routine documentation, and these data can be used to answer clinical questions about their practice. Observational or descriptive study designs are ideal for this type of data. Observational research (ie, case-control, cross-sectional, cohort studies) evaluates factors that influence patients' lives in the “real world,” whereas descriptive research (ie, case study or series, descriptive epidemiology studies) identifies characteristics of individuals and groups. If ATs are comprehensively documenting patient care using an EMR, they have the means to participate in observational and descriptive research. Clinical and Research Advantages Using an EMR to its full capacity allows ATs to collect meaningful data at the point of care, conduct practice-based research, and improve health care for the patient and clinician. However, to ensure data quality, these approaches must include routine and comprehensive documentation habits.

Topic: Athletic Training and Education
Subfield: Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation
Field: Health Professions
Domain: Health Sciences
Computational Modeling Approaches to Structure−Function Analysis of G Protein-Coupled Receptors

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTComputational Modeling Approaches to Structure−Function Analysis of G Protein-Coupled ReceptorsFrancesca Fanelli and Pier G. De BenedettiView Author Information Dulbecco Telethon Institute and Department of Chemistry and Advanced Scientific Computing Laboratory, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, via Campi 183, 41100 Modena, Italy Cite this: Chem. Rev. 2005, 105, 9, 3297–3351Publication Date (Web):August 25, 2005Publication History Received13 December 2004Published online25 August 2005Published inissue 1 September 2005https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cr000095nhttps://doi.org/10.1021/cr000095nresearch-articleACS PublicationsCopyright © 2005 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1797Altmetric-Citations135LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Chemical structure,Computational modeling,Monomers,Peptides and proteins,Receptors Get e-Alerts

Topic: Receptor Mechanisms and Signaling
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Investigating the Effect of Internal Marketing on Employee Happiness in University of Isfahan

Internal marketing seeks to enhance employees’ satisfaction as internal customers of the corporation. Therefore, its purpose is continuous improvement in offering the products and services across the corporation. In this regard internal marketing can be considered as an enhancer which creates an attractive workplace for employees. Attractive workplace is defined as creating a climate that gives rise to happiness for employees. And employees’ happiness is finally resulted in their fulfillment. In this study, the effect of internal marketing on employee happiness is investigated. This survey was conducted using descriptive-field method. It was carried out in University of Isfahan. The statistical population included 910 employees of the university. Field methods and questionnaire were used to gather essential information. Data were gathered through two standard questionnaires of internal marketing (Rafiq & Ahmad) and happiness (Oxford). Reliability of the questionnaire was obtained by means of Cronbach’s alpha coefficient that was equal to 0.97 and 0.95 for internal marketing and happiness respectively. Validity of the questionnaire was confirmed implicitly but face validity was applied for more confidence. SPSS and Amos were used to analyze data descriptively, assess the credibility of the model and test hypotheses. Results indicated that the main hypothesis under the heading "internal marketing affects employee happiness" was confirmed. Also all sub-hypotheses entitled aspects of internal marketing (internal product, pays, place, and internal promotion) have a positive effect on employee happiness.

Topic: Job Satisfaction and Organizational Behavior
Subfield: Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management
Field: Business, Management and Accounting
Domain: Social Sciences
[Comparative analysis of vasomotor responses and sympathetic innervation of feed arteries from locomotor and respiratory muscles in a rat].

The characteristics of feeding arteries of diaphragm and medial gastrocnemius (with a diameter of 200-250 micron) were studied. The registration of the mechanical activity of ring preparations under isometric conditions revealed that diaphragm arteries, like arteries of other muscles with a high content of slow muscle fibers, are highly sensitive to adrenoceptor agonists and acetylcholine. The differences in endothelium-dependent relaxation between diaphragm and gastrocnemius arteries are preserved in the presence of L-NAME and diclofenac. Responses to serotonin in diaphragm and gastrocnemius arteries are similar. At the same time, the high density of innervation is characteristic of diaphragm artery only, while in other slow muscles it is low. The density of adrenergic fibers plexus in the diaphragm artery is much higher than in the gastrocnemius artery. The results suggest that the properties of small arteries of diaphragm are determined not only by the oxidative capacity of diaphragm muscle fibers but also by the belonging of the diaphragm to respiratory musculature.

Topic: Neuroscience of respiration and sleep
Subfield: Endocrine and Autonomic Systems
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences
Surveillance Of Nosocomial Infections İn General Surgery Unit: Data Of Ten Years Period

Aim: The aim of this study is to evaluate the epidemiologic data of nosocomial infection (NI)occurring in the General Surgery Unit (GSU).Method: This study was performed between January 1997 and December 2006. The surveillancemethod was active, prospective, and based on laboratory and patient. NIs were defined accordingto Centers for Diseases Control and Prevention criteria (CDC).Results: During the ten-year period, 305 NI episodes were detected in 290 patients. The overallincidence rates and incidence densities of NIs were 2.0% and 2.3/1,000 patient-day respectively.The most common NIs by primary site were surgical site infections, urinary tract infections,and pneumonia. The most prevalent microorganisms were Escherichia coli (36.8%),Staphylococcus aureus (17.7%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (10.5%). Meticillin resistanceamong S. aureus isolates was 76%. Meropenem and amikacin were the most effective agentsagainst to Gram-negative bacteria. Conclusion: In order to detect of the variation and trends of NIs, the data of surveillanceactivities must be evaluated decisively and regularly with collaboration among infection controlteam, Infectious Disease clinic, and GSU.

Topic: Nosocomial Infections in ICU
Subfield: Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Ties that Bind: The Mobilities of Thai-American Retirees

This thesis explores the diverse mobilities of Thai-American retirees in both Thailand and the United States, adopting a life-course approach to examining constellations of later-life mobilities, meanings, and experiences. It seeks to make the following original contributions: situating later-life mobilities research at the intersection of ageing, migration, mobilities and tourism; presenting a novel and comprehensive comparison of the fluid later-life mobilities of retired migrants; combining and contrasting the narratives of the retired migrants and their family members in both the countries of origin and settlement; and delving into the lesser known contexts of Thailand and the Thai transnational community. The thesis is empirically grounded on in-depth semi-structured interviews, guided by the epistemological position of constructivism and interpretivism, and accompanied by photographic accounts from the field.

Topic: Migration, Aging, and Tourism Studies
Subfield: Demography
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Structure of terphenyldiol dibenzoate

C 32 H 22 O 4 cristallise dans P2 1 2 1 2 1 avec a = 6,720, b = 11,618 et c = 30,452 A, Z = 4; affinement jusqu'a R = 0,0558. La molecule est symetrique avec les groupes phenyl non planaires.

Topic: Synthesis and properties of polymers
Subfield: Polymers and Plastics
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Supplementary Figure 3 from Immunologic Consequences of Signal Transducers and Activators of Transcription 3 Activation in Human Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Supplementary Figure 3 from Immunologic Consequences of Signal Transducers and Activators of Transcription 3 Activation in Human Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Topic: NF-κB Signaling Pathways
Subfield: Cancer Research
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences