jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
A Literature Review and Statistical Analysis of Turkish Agricultural Data: Assessing Crop Dependence on Insect Pollinators in Türkiye

The study delves into the critical role of pollination in shaping the quality and quantity of agricultural products. Insect pollination, with a primary focus on Apis Mellifera L., is identified as an indispensable element in the development of a significant proportion of global agricultural crops. Moreover, the study underscores the multifaceted benefits of insect pollination, not only enhancing crop production but also elevating the overall quality of produce. Fruits and oilseeds are cited as beneficiaries of bee pollination, resulting in larger, higherquality crops with extended shelf lives. Commercial crop pollination relies mainly on managed honeybees. The study elucidates the versatility, cost-effectiveness, and adaptability of honeybee colonies for pollination purposes. However, it is noted that honey bee populations are dwindling due to factors such as parasites, pesticide usage, limited floral resources, and Nosema infection, which poses a potential risk to agricultural crop pollination. The research focuses on insect pollination due to its crucial role in the process. The goal of this study is to find out what percentage of Turkish crops depend on insects to pollinate them. Data on plants requiring insect pollination were obtained through a comprehensive literature review, while data on Turkish agricultural products were sourced from the Turkish Statistical Institute. This comprehensive study explores the vital role of insect pollinators in Turkish agriculture. This statement highlights the crucial role of plant and animal production in meeting the nutritional needs of societies, while emphasizing the importance of increasing the size of agricultural cultivation areas to enhance overall agricultural productivity.

Topic: Insect and Pesticide Research
Subfield: Insect Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Production of Alkaloids and Related Substances by Fungi Part V

Agroclavine, elymoclavineなどとペプタイド型麦角アルカロイド類との間の生成上の関係について従来推定されているところを,セルフリー系のもと, “isotopic competition”の手法によって全面的に確認した.

Topic: Plant Pathogens and Fungal Diseases
Subfield: Cell Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Experimental Study of Dual Heater Slider Touchdown Detectability

With the increase of areal density in hard disk drive (HDD), the mechanical spacing between magnetic head and disk has decreased to sub~1nm. Under such ultra-low spacing, accurate spacing control becomes more important for lowering down the risk of head-disk interference and getting good bit per inch (BPI) performance. Dual-heater slider technology has been considered as a most useful solution. This paper introduces the advantages of dual heater in reading/writing spacing control. Furthermore, as a key issue in precise spacing control, the touchdown detectability of dual-heater slider was also investigated using three TD detection methods under writing and reading mode. Result shows that a single method is difficult to get the best TD detectability under both writing and reading mode. Instead, hybrid method may be a feasible solution.

Topic: Adhesion, Friction, and Surface Interactions
Subfield: Mechanics of Materials
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Recognition of Emotion Through Facial Expressions Using EMG Signal

Emotion recognition play important role in human-computer interfacing and a treatment of a person under depression. Facial expressions of a person reflect his emotional status. Electromyogram (EMG)based emotion recognition systems able to recognize true emotions of a person. Current research on EMG based emotion recognition reports overall accuracy in the range 69% to 91 % in a particular emotional environment. In case of posed expressions, emotions were recognized with accuracy range from 91 % to 97%. There is a scope for improvement for enhancing accuracy of emotion recognition in emotional environment. In this research work EMG dataset acquired under emotional environment by Augsburg University is analyzed. From 96 EMG signals representing four emotions, four features including Root mean square, Variance, Mean absolute value and Integrated EMG are calculated. These parameters are given to 3 different classifier namely Elman neural network (ENN) classifier, Back propagation neural network (BPNN), and Nonlinear autoregressive exogenous network (NARX) for classification of emotion. NARX neural network gave maximum overall accuracy of 99.1 %.

Topic: EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces
Subfield: Cognitive Neuroscience
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences
<i>A Clockwork Orange</i>… Ticking

In June 1995, Bob Dole – would-be president and a politician who has been insulated from the world for many years – attacked Oliver Stone's Natural Born Killers as a violent assault on Republican fantasies of home and family. The film, Dole said, is one of "the nightmares of depravity" created by Hollywood and popular culture that threaten "to undermine our character as a nation." In 1996, shortly before the political convention that nominated him, he praised Roland Emerich's Independence Day – a film that proposes, with all the manipulative advantages of the Hollywood style, now tricked up to digital perfection, pasteboard heroic figures fighting against evil alien invaders – as a film that upholds those values that Republicans hold dear.

Topic: Literature, Film, and Journalism Analysis
Subfield: Literature and Literary Theory
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Suppl. Table 2 from Oligosaccharyltransferase Inhibition Overcomes Therapeutic Resistance to EGFR Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors

&lt;p&gt;Deep sequencing of lung cancer cell lines to determine the proportion of EGFR mutations.&lt;/p&gt;

Topic: Glycosylation and Glycoproteins Research
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Antipeptide antibody against the human low-density-lipoprotein receptor. Characterization and cross-reactivity with bovine lymphocytes

A dodecapeptide corresponding to the external N-terminal sequence of the human low-density-lipoprotein (LDL) receptor was synthesized. Antibodies raised in rabbits against the peptide were purified and were shown to react specifically with the peptide and with human LDL receptor of fibroblasts, HeLa cells and lymphocytes using binding studies and immunoblotting. By indirect immunogold analysis, antibodies bound to the LDL receptor of human lymphocytes could be revealed as clusters. Anti-receptor peptide immunoglobulins specifically bound to the human HeLa cell's LDL receptor with a lower affinity than LDL (Kd x 3). The anti-receptor peptide immunoglobulins and 125I-labelled-LDL competed with each other for the LDL-receptor sites. Antibodies failed to react with lymphocytes of subjects with the homozygous form of familial hypercholesterolaemia. Cross-reactivity with the dodecapeptide of the bovine LDL receptor was limited, but this cross-reactivity was confirmed by the binding of anti-receptor peptide immunoglobulins to the LDL receptor from bovine lymphocytes.

Topic: Cell Adhesion Molecules Research
Subfield: Immunology and Allergy
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
A multilevel Monte Carlo method for a class of McKean-Vlasov processes

We generalize the multilevel Monte Carlo (MLMC) method of Giles to the simulation of systems of particles that interact via a mean field. When the number of particles is large, these systems are described by a McKean-Vlasov process - a stochastic differential equation (SDE) whose coefficients depend on expectations of the solution as well as pathwise data. In contrast to standard MLMC, the new method uses mean field estimates at coarse levels to inform the fine level computations. Using techniques from the theory of propagation of chaos, we prove convergence and complexity results for the algorithm in a special case. We find that the new method achieves $L^1$ error of size $\varepsilon$ with $O(\varepsilon^{-2} (\log \varepsilon)^5)$ complexity, in contrast to the $O(\varepsilon^{-3})$ complexity of standard methods. We also prove a variance scaling result that strongly suggests similar performance of the algorithm in a more general context. We present numerical examples from applications and observe the expected behavior in each case.

Topic: Stochastic processes and financial applications
Subfield: Finance
Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance
Domain: Social Sciences
Relative Source Contributions of Diet and Air to Ingested Asbestos Exposure

Reliable assessments of the relative contributions of diet (food, beverages, and orally administered drugs) and air (inhaled fibers) to total ingested asbestos exposure are not feasible due to the paucity of quantitative data on the subject. Instead, scenarios for both modes of exposure were developed from the limited information available to give crude estimates of ingestion of asbestos from these routes. They suggest that such sources are potentially significant relative to the contribution of asbestos exposure derived from drinking water. Research recommendations are discussed.

Topic: Occupational and environmental lung diseases
Subfield: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Hypoxia inducible factor-1a-dependent epithelial to mesenchymal transition under hypoxic conditions in prostate cancer cells

Prostate cancer is the most commonly diagnosed\\r\\ncancer in men and the second leading cause of cancer death.\\r\\nHypoxia is an environmental stimulus that plays an important\\r\\nrole in the development and cancer progression especially for\\r\\nsolid tumors. The key regulator under hypoxic conditions is\\r\\nstabilized hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1a. In the present\\r\\nstudy, immune-fluorescent staining, siRNAs, qRT-PC, immunoblotting, cell migration and invasion assays were carried\\r\\nout to test typical epithelial to mesenchymal transition under\\r\\nhypoxia and the key regulators of this process in PC3, a human\\r\\nprostate cancer cell line. Our data demonstrated that hypoxia\\r\\ninduces diverse molecular, phenotypic and functional changes\\r\\nin prostate cancer cells that are consistent with EMT. We\\r\\nalso showed that a cell signal factor such as HIF-1a, which\\r\\nmight be stabilized under hypoxic environment, is involved in\\r\\nEMT and cancer cell invasive potency. The induced hypoxia\\r\\ncould be blocked by HIF-1a gene silencing and reoxygenation\\r\\nof EMT in prostate cancer cells, hypoxia partially reversed\\r\\naccompanied by a process of mesenchymal-epithelial reverting\\r\\ntransition (MErT). EMT might be induced by activation of\\r\\nHIF-1a-dependent cell signaling in hypoxic prostate cancer\\r\\ncells.

Topic: Cancer, Hypoxia, and Metabolism
Subfield: Cancer Research
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Phenotype Diversity and Gene Myostatin (MSTN) of Bangkok Chicken using PCR-RFLP

This study aims to characterize the phenotype and determine the diversity of the Myostatin (MSTN) gene at Bangkok chickens using the Polymerase Chain Reaction- Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method. This study used 50 Bangkok chicken blood samples taken from the axillary vein on the wing. DNA was extracted using the protocol Genomic DNA Purification Kit from Promega and then amplified by PCR (polymerase chain reaction) using a pair of primers F: 5'GGT TTT GAC GAC ATG AGC CT3' R: 5'CAG GTG GAA TGT CAT GCA GA3' with product length 955 bp. Amplification products were cut using restriction enzyme MboI with cutting site ↓GATC. MSTN|MboI fragments of the Bangkok chicken were electrophoresed using 2% agarose gel and visualized using doc gel. The average difference test (T-test) on body weight and weight gain of Bangkok chickens from DOC to 3 months by gender. Polymorphism analysis includes allele frequency and genotype. Male and female Bangkok chickens have low phenotype diversity. The MSTN|MboI gene fragment is monomorphic with band positions of 492 bp, 244 bp, and 219 bp resulting in a genotype of ++, and there is one type of allele with a + allele frequency of 100%.

Topic: Animal Nutrition and Physiology
Subfield: Animal Science and Zoology
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
The use of body measurements in cattle to predict future live weight

Farmers need to select cattle into final slaughter groups in advance. Traditionally combinations of live weight and eye appraisal are used to make these selections. To improve this process, live weight, length from withers to top of tail, width across hook bones and depth from brisket level behind shoulder to top of withers were measured at 3-monthly intervals on Angus steers from 8 to 30 months of age. Of all the individual measurements, previous live weight predicted end weight better than any single body measurement. This was improved by including other body measurements selected using stepwise regressions. Although no particular combination of measurements was best for all time periods the results showed that length, width and body depth added value to current live weight as selection criteria for drafting steers into final slaughter time herds.

Topic: Genetic and phenotypic traits in livestock
Subfield: Genetics
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Working capital management and firm performance in China

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship between working capital management (WCM) and firm performance in the context of the Chinese economy. Specifically, it investigates the effects of ownership structures as an internal factor and of institutional environments (IE) as an external factor shaping this relationship. Design/methodology/approach The study applies two-way fixed effect regression models to a sample of Chinese listed manufacturing firms for the period of 2010 to 2017. WCM is measured by cash conversion cycles (CCC); profitability is measured by core profit ratios; ownership structures are classified based on state-owned enterprises (SOEs) and non-SOEs; and IEs are measured from dimensions of factor markets (FM) and legal systems (LS). Findings First, the results show a negative relationship between CCC and firm performance. Second, the negative relationship between CCC and profitability is significant for non-SOEs but not for SOEs. Third, both the FM and LS strengthen the negative association between CCC and profitability. Fourth, the moderating effect of FMs and LSs is evident for non-SOEs only. The results hold when using alternative measures of WCM and profitability and while controlling for additional variables. Originality/value The current study shows that while WCM has a significant effect on the profitability of Chinese firms, such an effect greatly depends on the ownership structures and IE involved. The results thus offer important implications in helping the Chinese government create better IEs and in allowing manufacturing firms to improve upon their WCM practices.

Topic: Working Capital and Financial Performance
Subfield: Accounting
Field: Business, Management and Accounting
Domain: Social Sciences
Genetics of pork quality

Fresh pork quality has become important and has received more attention as producers and processors try to meet consumer demand for high quality, nutritious products. Many different traits have been investigated as indicators of consumer acceptance of fresh pork. These include color, firmness, pH, intramuscular fat percentage (marbling), waterholding capacity, tenderness, juiciness, and flavor. Each of these has been shown to be low to moderately heritable (Sonesson et al., 1998; Knapp et al., 1997) and to impact consumer acceptance of fresh pork products. However, measuring these traits in the live animal is difficult.\nIntramuscular fat percentage (IMF) is one of the meat quality traits which has the potential to be measured in the live animal and has favorable genetic correlations with many of the remaining meat quality traits. Therefore, the primary objective of my Ph.D. research has been the investigation of intramuscular fat percentage of the loin. This has included measuring IMF in the live animal using real-time ultrasound, estimation of genetic parameters for IMF predicted from real-time ultrasound and its relationship with other meat quality traits, the implementation of IMF estimation into a selection project to increase IMF in a population of Duroc swine, and a comparison of different models to estimate breeding values for IMF.

Topic: Meat and Animal Product Quality
Subfield: Animal Science and Zoology
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Weight loss interventions as an option for a lifestyle treatment in urinary incontinence

Urinary incontinence (UI) (involuntary or abnormal urine loss) is a common condition affecting an estimated 423 million individuals around the world (Irwin et al. 2011). Its prevalence varies, ranging from between 5-15.2% in Asian, 1.8-30.5% in European and 1.7-36.4% in US populations (Milsom et al. 2014). This condition can have a significant clinical (Yang et al. 2018), psychological (Farage et al. 2008; Sims et al. 2011), and financial impact (Thom et al. 2010) on an individual’s life. The risk of developing UI is associated with several non-modifiable modifiable risk factors of age (Milsom and Gyhagen 2019), gender (Nitti 2001) and family history (von Gontard et al. 2011) and modifiable risk factors of weight (Aune et al. 2019), smoking (Kawahara et al. 2020), diet (Maserejian et al. 2010) and caffeine intake (Gleason et al. 2013). Despite the association with such modifiable risk factors, there is limited evidence supporting interventions which aim to affect their influence (Imamura et al. 2015). This Cochrane systematic review aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a range of lifestyle focused interventions which are commonly used in the management of UI. Aims of commentary: This commentary critically appraises the methods used in the Cochrane systematic review and consider its importance of the findings for clinical practice.

Topic: Pelvic floor disorders treatments
Subfield: Rheumatology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
6560 Atypical Diabetes Mellitus in a Mother-Son Pair with Multiple Autoimmune Conditions &amp; Pathogenic Variant in BCL11B Inherited from the Mother

Abstract Disclosure: R. Elrajabi: None. N. Gurtunca: None. The etiology of diabetes can be challenging to determine at times and misdiagnosis is common in all age groups. To provide the right treatment and enhance glycemic control, which results in better outcomes and fewer comorbidities, an accurate diagnosis is crucial. We describe a mother-son pair who share a pathogenic variant in BCL11B gene with multiple autoimmune conditions including atypical autoimmune DM. A 13 year old young boy with a history of 33-week prematurity, developmental delay, autoimmune hypothyroidism, and vitiligo presented with concerns for DM given mother’s recent diagnosis of DM treated with Metformin and GLP-1 receptor agonist with poor control of her DM. His mother has a learning disability, hypothyroidism, alopecia totalis, vitiligo and hypertension. Interestingly, he and his mother share a genetic variant in BCL11B gene detected on whole exome sequencing sent as part of the workup of developmental delay. His weight and height were in the 13.5% and 13.9% centiles, respectively. He has vitiligo, but other than that, the physical examination was unremarkable. He is prepubertal. HbA1c was high, 6.4% despite the presence of anemia. An oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was consistent with DM as was his repeat HbA1c of 7.1%. He had elevated IA 2, zinc transporter 8, and GAD 65 antibodies, all consistent with autoimmune DM. He was admitted to the hospital and started on both long-acting and short acting insulin via multiple daily injections. BCL11B is a transcription factor that is expressed in all T cells and regulates important processes involved in T cell growth, survival, and function, including Treg cells and Foxp3 activity. Autoimmune diseases have been linked to abnormal Treg activity and Foxp3 deficiency. BCL11B functions as a checkpoint required for T cell lineage commitment while minimizing natural killer cell potential. Impaired BCL11B activity at a young age result in severe whole-body autoimmunity, defined by a fully stimulated immune system similar to animals lacking functioning Treg cells. DM associated with BCL11B variant has not previously been reported. If we follow the theory that autoimmunity affects beta cell function or mass, this patient's and his mother's DM and autoimmune disorders are most likely connected to the BCL11B variation they share. Presentation: 6/2/2024

Topic: Diabetes and associated disorders
Subfield: Genetics
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Association between hip and knee osteoarthritis and atherosclerosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis

An association between osteoarthritis (OA) and atherosclerosis (AT) has long been suggested, with its plausibility based on several guessed commonalities, from shared risk factors to overlapping molecular pathways, given that both conditions represent a state of chronic low-grade inflammation.Meta-analyses of the impact of OA on hard cardiovascular (CV) endpoints have displayed conflicting results, though.In order to discern a more refined association between OA and AT, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies that focused on OA of weight-bearing joints, i.e., hip and knee, and stratified the results by clinical and subclinical AT.

Topic: Osteoarthritis Treatment and Mechanisms
Subfield: Rheumatology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Recruitment of trauma/surgical critical care faculty reverses decline of patient outcomes noted with previous faculty attrition

Drake, Mack D. DO; Hamill, Mark E. MD; Bradburn, Eric H. DO; Taylor, Dallas A. BS, RN; Gilbert, Carol M. MD; Baker, Christopher C. MD, FACS; Kundzins, John R. BS; Ferrara, John J. MD, FACS; Collier, Bryan R. DO, FACS Author Information

Topic: Diversity and Career in Medicine
Subfield: Gender Studies
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
The circle method and bounds for $L$-functions - III: $t$-aspect subconvexity for GL(3) $L$-functions

Let $π$ be a Hecke-Maass cusp form for $SL(3,\mathbb Z)$. In this paper we will prove the following subconvex bound $$ L(\tfrac{1}{2}+it,π)\ll_{π,\varepsilon} (1+|t|)^{3/4-1/16+\varepsilon}. $$

Topic: Analytic Number Theory Research
Subfield: Algebra and Number Theory
Field: Mathematics
Domain: Physical Sciences
Influence of media composition on the production of alkaline α-amylase from Bacillus subtilis CB-18.

This work reports the production of alkaline α-amylase by Bacillus subtlis CB-18 in different media. Enzyme production was highest when agro-based media were used to formulate the media.

Topic: Enzyme Production and Characterization
Subfield: Biotechnology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Comparison of Electronic and Vibrational Coherence Measured by Two-Dimensional Electronic Spectroscopy

We measured broadband two-dimensional electronic spectra of a laser dye, a quantum dot, and an algal photosynthetic protein. We determined the origin of the cross peak oscillations by investigating the nonrephasing contribution in each system.

Topic: Spectroscopy and Quantum Chemical Studies
Subfield: Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences