jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Study on Credit Evaluation Model and Algorithm for C2C E-Commerce

The reputation problem is one of the main bottleneck problems for e-commerce. To a certain extent, the credit evaluation systems provided by C2C e-commerce websites guarantee the safety of transactions on Internet, and promote people's online shopping wishes. This paper first introduces existing credit evaluation model for C2C e-commerce, and analyzes the major problems in it. Then an improved credit evaluation model for C2C e-commerce is created. Based on the improved model, a new weighted rating algorithm is proposed to reflect the influence of evaluation-provider's credit and the amount of a transaction on the change of the evaluation-receiver's credit. And a new credit updating algorithm is described. The new credit evaluation model is validated using synthetic data.

Topic: Customer churn and segmentation
Subfield: Marketing
Field: Business, Management and Accounting
Domain: Social Sciences
Response of Rhizobium inoculants and nitrogen application on productivity, uptake of greengram and microbial status of soil

The field experiment comprising four Rhizobium inoculation treatments viz., no inoculation, inoculation with Rhizobium strains TAL-169, M-10 and AKR-1 respectively in main plots along with three nitrogen nutrition treatments viz., no N application, application of 20 kg N/ha at basal and top-dressing at 30 DAS, respectively in sub-plots, designed in split-plot, was conducted during 2017 and 2018 at the Instructional Farm, Jaguli of Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya. Rhizobium inoculation and time of N application significantly influenced the number of nodules/plant, nodule dry weight/plant and leghaemoglobin content in greengram (cv. B-1). Among the different Rhizobium strains C2, i.e., M-10 strain proved to be efficient in improving the nodule characters and ultimately seed yield of greengram. Inoculation with M-10 Rhizobium strain coupled with basal application of 20 kg N/ha increased seed yield of greengram to the extent of 56.6% as compared to no Rhizobium inoculation along with no N application. N, P and K uptake by the crop was improved when the seed was inoculated with M-10 strain. Rhizobium inoculation also improved the soil health by increasing the population of total bacteria and non-symbiotic N fixing bacteria in soil after harvest of the crop.

Topic: Legume Nitrogen Fixing Symbiosis
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Moving Deep Learning into Web Browser: How Far Can We Go?

Recently, several JavaScript-based deep learning frameworks have emerged, making it possible to perform deep learning tasks directly in browsers. However, little is known on what and how well we can do with these frameworks for deep learning in browsers. To bridge the knowledge gap, in this paper, we conduct the first empirical study of deep learning in browsers. We survey 7 most popular JavaScript-based deep learning frameworks, investigating to what extent deep learning tasks have been supported in browsers so far. Then we measure the performance of different frameworks when running different deep learning tasks. Finally, we dig out the performance gap between deep learning in browsers and on native platforms by comparing the performance of TensorFlow.js and TensorFlow in Python. Our findings could help application developers, deep-learning framework vendors and browser vendors to improve the efficiency of deep learning in browsers.

Topic: Machine Learning and Data Classification
Subfield: Artificial Intelligence
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Wave Functions Derived by Quantum Modeling of the Electron Density from Coherent X-Ray Diffraction: Beryllium Metal

A single-determinant experimental Be hybrid-atom wave function is obtained by the quantum formalism of Clinton and Massa, from Larsen and Hansen's single-crystal x-ray diffraction data. Physical properties calculable from this wave function are unobtainable from current methods of diffraction analysis. The least-squares fit using all experimental data gives an $R$ factor of 0.0018, and quantitatively describes charge redistribution due to crystal bonding in agreement with ab initio calculations.

Topic: Advanced Chemical Physics Studies
Subfield: Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
ELECTRONIC PARTICIPATORY MANAGEMENT AND ITS IMPACT ON THE CULTURE OF CIVIC PARTICIPATION

This article discusses the impact of electronic participation of citizens (electronic participation) on decision-making&#13;\nby state authorities. The necessity of using electronic participation of citizens and the prospects of electronic participation in general are considered. The article gives an assessment of the mechanisms of electronic participation of&#13;\ncitizens used in the Russian Federation, suggests that the assessment of the development of electronic participation&#13;\nis incorrect in terms of a three-level model of electronic participation.

Topic: Social Media and Politics
Subfield: Communication
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
The Use of Kirchhoff's Method in Jet Aeroacoustics

Supersonic jet aeroacoustics will be studied using computational techniques. In the study, a Kirchhoff method is used to predict flow generated noise in the mid- and far-fields. This type of method shows promise because it is based on surface integrals and not the volume integrals found in traditional acoustic prediction methods. The Kirchhoff method is dependent on accurate prediction of flow variables in the near-field. Here, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) programs are used for these predictions. Specifically, an existing large eddy simulation (LES) code will be modified for aeroacoustic applications. Issues involved in the implementation of the Kirchhoff method as well as the coupling with the CFD code will be discussed. Important physical noise parameters will be identified and investigated in the study.

Topic: Aerodynamics and Acoustics in Jet Flows
Subfield: Aerospace Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Patient with Liver Failure Presenting for Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt

This chapter presents a case study of a 66-year-old man with a history of hepatitis C and cirrhosis complicated by intractable ascites who presents for an elective transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) procedure. TIPS remains an important tool for the management of the complications of portal hypertension. Technical advances and clinical studies provide the evidence to define the best indications for the procedure. Patients who were successfully treated by TIPS still need regular follow up with a hepatologist. These patients remain at risk for development of other complications of cirrhosis such as hepatocellular carcinoma. This chapter discusses these issues and other concepts related to anesthetics for a liver transplant patient presenting for TIPS.

Topic: Liver Disease and Transplantation
Subfield: Hepatology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
The Certification Commission to Add Computer-Based Testing Sites for the Certified Strength and Conditioning Specialist and National Strength and Conditioning Association Certified Personal Trainer Exams

summary Beginning in 2007, the National Strength and Conditioning Association (NSCA) Certification Commission will offer computer-based testing for the Certified Strength and Conditioning Specialist (CSCS) and the NSCA-Certified Personal Trainer (NSCA-CPT) examinations.

Topic: Education Systems and Policy
Subfield: Education
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Near perfect thin film flexible broadband optical absorber with high thermal/electrical conductivity

ABSTRACT Flexible ultra‐black absorber with high thermal/electrical conductivity finds huge applications in the field of stray light attenuation, solar collectors, flexible electronics, and electronic thermal management systems. In this work, we report the fabrication of ultrablack absorber consists of vertically aligned carbon nanotubes (VACNT) in Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) having an absorption capacity of more than 98% in UV–Vis wavelength and more than 94% in NIR wavelength range. It is observed that the PDMS‐VACNT composite shows ultra‐high absorption capacity due to enhanced impedance matching and multiple scattering. In addition to this, the PDMS‐VACNT composite shows an emissivity of 0.94 along with a 118% increase in thermal conductivity. Moreover, with the infiltration of VACNT in PDMS, the sheet resistance decrease drastically to 0.08 KΩ/sq, which signify the possible use of ultrablack absorber in electronic skin and flexible sensors etc. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019 , 137 , 48855.

Topic: Thermal Radiation and Cooling Technologies
Subfield: Civil and Structural Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Counteracting the curvilinear relationship between organizational tenure and career initiative: the role of mentoring and network barriers

Purpose This study investigates the antecedents of career initiative, a proactive behavior, whereby individuals engage in activities to promote their career development. The authors first argue that organizational tenure – the length of time employed within a specific organization – will exhibit a curvilinear or inverted-U-shaped relationship with career initiative. In the early years of an employment relationship, career initiative gradually increases as employees overcome the initial challenges of joining a new organization. However, career initiative will plateau and eventually decline as employees struggle to envision further development. Design/methodology/approach This study uses a survey design with data collected from the North American operations of a large global telecommunications company. Findings This study identifies two key mechanisms, both concerning relational context, that drive the curvilinear relationship between organizational tenure and career initiative: mentoring and barriers to networking. Specifically, increased mentoring and reduced barriers to networking both significantly weaken the curvilinear effect. Research limitations/implications The results suggest that organizations can promote proactive behaviors through employee mentoring and by removing network barriers, particularly for those most at risk for reduced career initiative: early- and especially later-tenure employees. Originality/value Career initiative is a valued behavior among employees, but individual-level phenomena can be fostered, or inhibited, by relational context. So, while some scholars have found a trend toward “boundaryless” careers, this study reveals the importance of considering how the boundaries and social context within organizations can create an environment in which employee proactivity can flourish.

Topic: Mentoring and Academic Development
Subfield: Social Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Hepatitis B-related Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure Induced by Hepatotropic Viral insult is Associated with Worse Prognosis Than that Induced by Non-Virus Insult

<title>Abstract</title> <bold>Objective:</bold> The manifestations and prognoses of acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) with different precipitating events remain heterogeneous. We aimed to investigate the characteristics and prognosis of patients with hepatotropic viral insult (HVI)-induced hepatitis B-related ACLF (HBV-ACLF). <bold>Methods:</bold> 452 patients with confirmed diagnosis of ACLF were screened in three medical centers in China, and 203 HBV-ACLF patients with definite acute precipitating events were retrospectively analyzed. According to the precipitating events, HBV-ACLF patients induced by HBV reactivation and super-infection with HAV were classified as the hepatotropic viral insult group and those induced by other factors, as the non-virus insult (NVI) group. The clinical characteristics, predictive scoring model, and prognosis of the two groups were compared. <bold>Results:</bold> Hepatitis B virus reactivation accounted for the largest proportion (39.9%) among all precipitating events. Exacerbation time frame of the HVI group was significantly longer than that of the NVI group (20 days vs. 10 days, P&lt;0.001). Comparison of intergroup prognosis showed that there was no significant difference in the 28-day mortality (20.9% vs. 13.7%, P=0.125), while the 90-day and 1-year mortality in the HVI group were higher than those in the NVI group (36.3% vs. 24.4%, P=0.014; 39.5% vs. 27.5%, P=0.020, respectively). In the HVI group, the lactic acid-free APASL-ACLF Research Consortium(AARC) had the highest predictive value for 90-day mortality (0.741). <bold>Conclusions:</bold> The 90-day and 1-year survival rate was lower in HBV-ACLF patients induced by HVI than by NVI. The lactate-free AARC score was a better predictor of short- and long-term prognosis in patients with HVI-induced HBV-ACLF.<bold>Trial registration</bold>: ChiCTR, ChiCTR1900021539 . Registered 26 February 2019 Retrospectively registered, http://www.chictr.org.cn/showprojen.aspx?proj=36342

Topic: Liver Disease and Transplantation
Subfield: Hepatology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Factors associated with utilization of mobile health clinic hepatitis C virus services among medically underserved communities in South Carolina

Abstract Background Mobile health clinics (MHCs) are effective mechanisms for hepatitis C virus (HCV) screening and treatment in underserved populations. However, effective strategies for identifying and prioritizing high-risk communities are lacking. This study examined individual-level and community-level predictors of MHC utilization, HCV positivity rates, and HCV treatment initiation to assess the utility of these programs and improve MHC allocation. Method Clemson Rural Health (CRH), a health service delivery organization focused on rural and underserved communities, mobilizes MHCs for HCV screening and treatment initiation in the Upstate and Midlands regions of South Carolina. Participants for this study were individuals screened at CRH MHC sites between May 2021 and January 2024. Generalized linear mixed-effects models were used to examine the association between community-level predictors and number of individuals screened and community- and individual-level predictors and infection status and treatment initiation. Results The community-level analysis showed that individuals from census tracts with higher rates of poverty (relative risk; RR = 1.32, p = .012), higher rates of uninsurance (RR = 1.31, p = .003), and less rural areas (RR = 0.74, p = .029) were more likely to utilize the MHC for HCV screening. The individual-level analysis showed that an individual’s age of 30–44 (RR = 2.28, p = .020), non-White race (RR = 0.32, p < .001), history of injection drug use (RR = 10.16, p < .001), and lack of insurance (RR = 1.99, p < .001) were significantly associated with infection status. Lack of insurance (RR = 2.67, p = .012) was the only individual-level factor associated with treatment initiation. Community-level factors associated with treatment initiation were higher rates of poverty (RR = 1.72, p = .027) and uninsurance (RR = 1.74, p = .023), while a greater percent of individuals ages 30–44 was associated with less treatment initiation (RR = 0.47, p = .028). Conclusions While programs and protocols for care for difficult-to-treat populations exist, understanding the effectiveness for uptake among target populations is necessary. The study demonstrated the utilization of MHC HCV services by the individuals and communities that would most benefit from this type of care. Screening services were utilized more by communities that tend to be medically underserved, and HCV infections were identified in groups that are known to be at high risk. Going forward, these findings can be used to direct allocation of MHC HCV resources for targeted intervention.

Topic: Hepatitis C virus research
Subfield: Hepatology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Application of seedball materials compositions on swamp jelutung (<i>Dyera polyphylla</i> (miq) Stennis) growth for peatland rehabilitation

Abstract The Indonesia peatland area is 22.4 million ha. Peatlands are susceptible to degradation when the hydrological conditions are disturbed, thus requiring land rehabilitation by selecting peatlands adaptive species. Swamp jelutung ( Dyera polyphylla ) is an adaptive plant species that grows in wetlands, it has breathing roots ( pneumatophore ) and grows in acidic soils. The first objective to explore and analyze of peatland rehabilitation literatures related to the native species and the second objective to analyze the composition of seedball materials effect on swamp jelutung germination. This literature review with bibliometric analysis using PublishOrPerish8 and Vos Viewer 1.6.20 versions. The seedball composition doses for peat soil: dolomite: clay: cocopeat: tapioca are sequentially 8:2:4:1:6, 8:2:2:1:8, 8:2:1:1:8, and 4:1:2:0:0. Vos viewer analysis presented 77 terms commonly used in the papers and linked with 6 clusters. There were 24 papers in 2024, but the research about seedball and jelutung species could not be found. The treatment of seedball material 4:1:2:0:0 has the best germination percentage (87.50%). The ANOVA results showed that there was significant effect of the seedball material composition on the parameters of germination percentage and seedling height, except the parameter mean germination time.

Topic: Flowering Plant Growth and Cultivation
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Change of Command in Combat: A Locus of Stress

In the military a change of command is particularly stressful for the members of the unit involved. A comparison of units, some of which showed few increases in the indices of organizational stress and some of which showed great increases, revealed a relationship between the administrative style of the departing commander and the amount of stress experienced by the unit. The author describes methods used in the Army's First Infantry Division to help prevent excessive stress during the replacement period.

Topic: Military History and Strategy
Subfield: Political Science and International Relations
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
MRI Features Predictive of Invasive Placenta With Extrauterine Spread in High-Risk Gravid Patients: A Prospective Evaluation

MRI is highly accurate in depicting placental extrauterine spread. The presence of abnormal vessels at the uterine serosa was the most important MRI feature for identifying invasive placenta. An abnormal vascular network within the vesicouterine space or parametrium was the most reliable MRI sign for detecting bladder or parametrial involvement.

Topic: Maternal and fetal healthcare
Subfield: Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
CCDC 1566581: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.

Topic: Crystallization and Solubility Studies
Subfield: Materials Chemistry
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Offline Imitation Learning with Variational Counterfactual Reasoning

In offline imitation learning (IL), an agent aims to learn an optimal expert behavior policy without additional online environment interactions. However, in many real-world scenarios, such as robotics manipulation, the offline dataset is collected from suboptimal behaviors without rewards. Due to the scarce expert data, the agents usually suffer from simply memorizing poor trajectories and are vulnerable to variations in the environments, lacking the capability of generalizing to new environments. To automatically generate high-quality expert data and improve the generalization ability of the agent, we propose a framework named \underline{O}ffline \underline{I}mitation \underline{L}earning with \underline{C}ounterfactual data \underline{A}ugmentation (OILCA) by doing counterfactual inference. In particular, we leverage identifiable variational autoencoder to generate \textit{counterfactual} samples for expert data augmentation. We theoretically analyze the influence of the generated expert data and the improvement of generalization. Moreover, we conduct extensive experiments to demonstrate that our approach significantly outperforms various baselines on both \textsc{DeepMind Control Suite} benchmark for in-distribution performance and \textsc{CausalWorld} benchmark for out-of-distribution generalization. Our code is available at \url{https://github.com/ZexuSun/OILCA-NeurIPS23}.

Topic: Machine Learning in Healthcare
Subfield: Artificial Intelligence
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
An Empirical Analysis on the Selection Attributes for Rural Experience of City Dwellers

This research analyzed the effects of satisfaction factors of rural experience of city dwellers. The main research results are summarized as follows. The selection attributes for the rural experience of urbanites were divided into their interests into the programs, variety of the programs and convenience of the facilities. According to the multiple regression analysis, interests into the programs had impacts on the level of satisfaction. The types of rural tourism had statistical relevance with people's interests into the programs, convenience of the facilities and variety of the programs. In addition, those at the age of 40 to 50 reported higher satisfaction in their interests of the programs and convenience of the facilities among the general attributes of the respondents. In occupation, office workers had higher satisfaction in their interests into the programs while homemakers were more satisfied than others in convenience of the facilities and variety of the programs. When it comes to the monthly family income, those in the group who earn 2 to 3 million won a month had higher satisfaction in terms of convenience of the facilities and variety of the programs.

Topic: Korean Urban and Social Studies
Subfield: Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Network invariants for optimal input detection

This paper studies a detection problem for network systems, where changes in the statistical properties of an input driving certain network nodes has to be detected by sparse and remotely located sensors. We explicitly derive the Maximum A Posteriori (MAP) detector, and characterize its performance as a function of the network parameters, and the location of the sensor nodes. We show that, in the absence of measurement noise, the detection performance obtained when sensors are located on a network cut is not worse than the performance obtained by measuring all nodes of the subnetwork induced by the cut and not containing the input node. Conversely, in the presence of measurement noise, we show that the detection performance may increase or decrease with the graphical distance between the input node and the sensors. We view the propagative properties of the network as an invariant enforced by the structure and weights, and we remark that such invariant properties may be effectively used for the design and operation of secure cyber-physical systems.

Topic: Distributed Sensor Networks and Detection Algorithms
Subfield: Computer Networks and Communications
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences