jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
A reinterpretation of the metamaterial perfect absorber

We develop a simple treatment of a metamaterial perfect absorber (MPA) based on grating theory. We analytically prove that the condition of MPA requires the existence of two currents, which are nearly out of phase and have almost identical amplitude, akin to a magnetic dipole. Furthermore, we show that non-zero-order Bragg modes within the MPA may consume electromagnetic energy significantly.

Topic: Metamaterials and Metasurfaces Applications
Subfield: Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Video-based Feedback on Student Work: An Investigation into the Instructor Experience, Workload, and Student Evaluations

This exploratory study critically analyzes instructor perceptions of leaving video feedback and its impact on workload. Using qualitative and quantitative data, it discusses instructor experiences in adding video feedback to written notes in online courses. Specifically, this study asks if instructors will feel more "connected" in video feedback courses, if instructors will report increased workloads, and if they see an improvement in their performance evaluations in video feedback courses. The results reveal that video feedback requires more time than written feedback (i.e., non-video feedback), generates varied instructor experiences concerning social presence, and has little to no impact on instructor performance evaluations. The article concludes that more research is needed to fully understand the instructor experience when using videos, especially in environments where part-time, adjunct instruction is the norm.

Topic: Communication in Education and Healthcare
Subfield: Social Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Phone-based audience response system as an adjunct in orthodontic teaching of undergraduate dental students: a cross-over randomised controlled trial

Abstract Background: The advent of electronic teaching facilities improves tutor-student communication. This study aims to explore the effectiveness of Phone-Based Audience Response System (PB-ARS), as an adjunctive pedagogy tool to enhance the retention of orthodontic information by dental students; and to explore the students’ perception of PB-ARS. Methods: This cross-over clustered randomised control trial included 34 males who were in the final year of their undergraduate dental training. Participants were allocated to one of two event groups (G1 and G2) using computer-generated randomisation. Both groups simultaneously attended two different traditional lectures (L 1 and L2) a week apart. During L1, PB-ARS was used as an adjunct to conventional presentation to teach G1 participants, (PB-ARS group) while G2’s participants acted as a control group (CG), and were taught using a traditional presentation. In the second week (L2), the interventions were crossed-over. Participants from both groups completed pre- and post-lecture multiple-choice questionnaires (MCQ) to assess their short-term retention of information. Their performance in the final MCQ exam (10 weeks following L2) was tracked to assess the long-term retention of the information. Participants also completed post-lecture questionnaires to evaluate their perceptions. Results : 29 and 31 participants from the CG and PB-ARS group completed this trial, respectively. Although 87.5% of students in the PB-ARS group showed an improvement in their immediate post-lecture scores compared with 79.3% for the CG, it was statistically insignificant (p= 0.465). Similarly, the intervention showed an insignificant effect on the long-term retention of the knowledge (p=0.560).There was a mildly but favourable attitude of students towards the use of PB-ARS. However, the difference in the overall level of satisfaction between both groups was statistically insignificant (p=0.183). Conclusion : PB-ARS has a minimal and insignificant effect on the short- and long-term retention of orthodontic knowledge by male undergraduate dental students. PB-ARS was the preferred adjunct tool to conventional classroom teaching. Due to the limitations of this trial, a long-term randomised controlled trial with a larger sample size is recommended.

Topic: Innovative Teaching Methods
Subfield: Education
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
DNA methylation regulated microRNAs in human cervical cancer

Regulation of miRNA gene expression by DNA promoter methylation may represent a key mechanism to drive cervical cancer progression. In order to understand the impact of DNA promoter methylation on miRNAs at various stages of cervical carcinogenesis, we performed DNA methylation microarray on Normal Cervical Epithelium (NCE), Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia (CIN I‐III) and Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC) tissues to identify differentially methylated miRNAs followed by validation by bisulfite sequencing. Further, expression of miRNAs was analyzed by qRT‐PCR in clinical tissues and cervical cancer cell lines. Transcriptional activity was determined by luciferase assay. We identified a total of 69 hypermethylated and hypomethylated miRNA promoters encompassing 78 CpG islands in all except Y chromosome, among the three groups. The candidate DNA promoters of miR‐424 were significantly hypermethylated and miR‐200b and miR‐34c were significantly hypomethylated in SCC compared to NCE ( P &lt; 0.05). Expression of miR‐424, miR‐200b, and miR‐34c were inversely correlated with promoter DNA methylation in tissue samples. Treatment of cell lines with 5‐aza‐2′‐deoxycytidine showed differential expression in all three miRNAs. We observed a decrease in miRNA promoter activity following in vitro SssI methylase treatment of miR‐424, miR‐200b, and miR‐34c. Luciferase assay demonstrated that miR‐200b and miR‐424 functionally interacts with 3′‐UTR of HIPK3 and RBBP6 respectively and decreased their activity in presence of miR‐200b and miR‐424 mimics transfected in SiHa cells. Taken together, we have identified deregulation of miRNAs by aberrant DNA promoter methylation, leading to its transcriptional silencing during cervical carcinogenesis, which can be potential targets for diagnosis and therapy.

Topic: MicroRNA in disease regulation
Subfield: Cancer Research
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Bleeding after endoscopic sphincterotomy.

A total of 194 patients who underwent 235 endoscopic sphincterotomies for common bile duct (CBD) stones were reviewed with respect to bleeding after the procedure. Evidence of bleeding was found in 21, but was occult in 7. Of the 14 patients with overt bleeding, 6 required operation and 2 died. There was also one death prior to surgery. Early consultation with surgical colleagues, observance of the usual surgical criteria for upper gastro-intestinal haemorrhage and the use of non-absorbable suture material to achieve haemostasis may reduce the morbidity and mortality of this complication of endoscopic sphincterotomy.

Topic: Hermeneutics and Narrative Identity
Subfield: Philosophy
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Did the “Road to the White House Run Through” Letterman? Chris Christie, Letterman, and Other-Disparaging Versus Self-Deprecating Humor

In this article we present the results of an experiment designed to disentangle the effects late-night talk show viewership have on presidential candidate evaluations. Respondents in one condition viewed a short video clip of David Letterman humorously disparaging New Jersey Governor Chris Christie, thought by many at the time to be considering a run for the presidency in 2016. Those in a second condition saw a short clip of Christie engaging in self-deprecating humor while appearing as a guest on Letterman's program. Compared with respondents in a control condition, those in the other-disparaging humor condition had lower evaluations of Christie and reported a lower likelihood of voting for him in 2016, while those in the self-deprecating humor condition had higher evaluations of him and expressed a greater likelihood of voting for him. The research has practical implications for modern campaigns and also serves to clarify some of the seemingly contradictory findings of earlier political humor effects research.

Topic: Humor Studies and Applications
Subfield: Social Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Dynamic model reduction and optimal sensor placement for agro-hydrological systems

One of the essential aspects of developing advanced closed-loop irrigation is the estimation of soil moisture from a limited number of available sensors. One of the challenges is to find the optimal location of the sensors in a large heterogeneous field. In this work, we propose a method to find the optimal location of sensors in the presence of heterogeneous soil and non-uniform inputs. The key steps include dynamic order model reduction, minimum sensor selection, optimal sensor placement, and state estimation. The proposed method is applied to a three-dimensional field through simulations, and satisfying model reduction and state estimation results are obtained.

Topic: Soil Moisture and Remote Sensing
Subfield: Environmental Engineering
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
IoT Data Quality Issues and Potential Solutions: A Literature Review

Abstract In the Internet of Things (IoT), data gathered from dozens of devices are the base for creating business value and developing new products and services. If data are of poor quality, decisions are likely to be non-sense. Data quality is crucial to gain business value of the IoT initiatives. This paper presents a systematic literature review regarding IoT data quality from 2000 to 2020. We analyzed 58 articles to identify IoT data quality dimensions and issues and their categorizations. According to this analysis, we offer a classification of IoT data characterizations using the focus group method and clarify the link between dimensions and issues in each category. Manifesting a link between dimensions and issues in each category is incumbent, while this critical affair in extant categorizations is ignored. We also examine data security as an important data quality issue and suggest potential solutions to overcome IoT’s security issues. The finding of this study proposes a new research discipline for additional examination for researchers and practitioners in determining data quality in the context of IoT.

Topic: Data Quality and Management
Subfield: Management Science and Operations Research
Field: Decision Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Abstract 955: Single cell sequencing delineates immune features of oncolytic virus therapeutic response in murine high-grade gliomas

Abstract Oncolytic virotherapy (OV) comprises a developing family of cancer treatments that exploit cancer-specific vulnerabilities in viral defense through treatment with therapeutic viruses modified for safety and tumor-selective infection. Beyond direct infection and lysis of cancer cells, OVs are additionally capable of stimulating powerful immune responses that pose an opportunity to redefine the immune system’s behavior in the tumor microenvironment. This may hold particular significance for highly immunosuppressive malignancies, including glioblastoma and other high-grade gliomas (HGG). Our labs developed OV C134, now under evaluation in a phase I clinical trial of recurrent glioblastoma (NCT03657576). While additional refinements to the activity and control of OVs within the tumor microenvironment may lead to superior performance, little is known about the exact features or timing of immune changes undergone in the setting of positive therapeutic response to oncolytic virus treatment. Here, using the widely-adopted C57BL/6 syngeneic high-grade glioma model CT2A modified to express luciferase, we applied bioluminescence imaging to measure tumor progression in vivo and identify therapeutic responders after intracranial treatment with C134, C002 (IL-12-expressing C134), or control (saline). We then performed single cell RNA sequencing of CD45-sorted high-grade glioma immune infiltrate (n=10 mice total; n=3 C002 responder and n=3 C002 nonresponder). Analysis of single cell sequencing data revealed that OV treatment produced diverse changes in gene expression consistent with activation of antigen presentation and antigen-specific immune responses throughout a variety of innate and adaptive immune populations. Further, cell type-specific immune signatures of C002 therapeutic responders as compared to nonresponders were identified, including responder-specific increases in major histocompatibility complex class II in macrophages/monocytes, interferon gamma in CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, tumor necrosis factor-alpha in CD4+ T cells, and a decrease in interferon gamma receptor 1 in T regulatory cells. Collectively, our findings contribute to the knowledge of how OV therapy alters tumor immune microenvironments and reveal prioritized candidates whose further study could advance the understanding of how to achieve positive responses to OV therapy in patients. Citation Format: Jack Hedberg, Alexia Martin, Doyeon Kim, Jaye Navarro, Adithe Rivaldi, Yeaseul Kim, Elizabeth Garfinkle, Katherine Miller, Ravi Dhital, Kevin Cassady, Elaine Mardis. Single cell sequencing delineates immune features of oncolytic virus therapeutic response in murine high-grade gliomas [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2025; Part 1 (Regular Abstracts); 2025 Apr 25-30; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2025;85(8_Suppl_1):Abstract nr 955.

Topic: Virus-based gene therapy research
Subfield: Genetics
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Generation from lexical conceptual structures

This paper describes a system for generating natural language sentences from an interlingual representation, Lexical Conceptual Structure (LCS). This system has been developed as part of a Chinese-English Machine Translation system, however, it promises to be useful for many other MT language pairs. The generation system has also been used in Cross-Language information retrieval research (Levow et al., 2000).

Topic: Natural Language Processing Techniques
Subfield: Artificial Intelligence
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
The genomic epidemiology of shigellosis in South Africa

<title>Abstract</title> Shigellosis, a leading cause of diarrhoeal mortality and morbidity globally, predominantly affects children under five years of age living in low- and middle-income countries. While whole genome sequence analysis (WGSA) has been effectively used to further our understanding of shigellosis epidemiology, antimicrobial resistance, and transmission, it has been under-utilised in sub-Saharan Africa. In this study, we applied WGSA to large sub-sample of surveillance isolates from South Africa, collected from 2011 to 2015, focussing on Shigella flexneri 2a and Shigella sonnei. We found each serotype was epidemiologically distinct. The four identified S. flexneri 2a clusters having distinct geographical distributions, and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and virulence profiles, while the four sub-Clades of S. sonnei varied in virulence plasmid retention. Our results support serotype specific ecology as a driver for epidemiological differences, show AMR is not required for epidemiological success in S. flexneri, and that the HIV epidemic may have promoted Shigella population expansion.

Topic: Escherichia coli research studies
Subfield: Endocrinology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
A Review of Programs That Targeted Environmental Determinants of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health

Objective: Effective interventions to improve population and individual health require environmental change as well as strategies that target individual behaviours and clinical factors. This is the basis of implementing an ecological approach to health programs and health promotion. For Aboriginal People and Torres Strait Islanders, colonisation has made the physical and social environment particularly detrimental for health. Methods and Results: We conducted a literature review to identify Aboriginal health interventions that targeted environmental determinants of health, identifying 21 different health programs. Program activities that targeted environmental determinants of health included: Caring for Country; changes to food supply and/or policy; infrastructure for physical activity; housing construction and maintenance; anti-smoking policies; increased workforce capacity; continuous quality improvement of clinical systems; petrol substitution; and income management. Targets were categorised according to Miller’s Living Systems Theory. Researchers using an Indigenous community based perspective more often identified interpersonal and community-level targets than were identified using a Western academic perspective. Conclusions: Although there are relatively few papers describing interventions that target environmental determinants of health, many of these addressed such determinants at multiple levels, consistent to some degree with an ecological approach. Interpretation of program targets sometimes differed between academic and community-based perspectives, and was limited by the type of data reported in the journal articles, highlighting the need for local Indigenous knowledge for accurate program evaluation. Implications: While an ecological approach to Indigenous health is increasingly evident in the health research literature, the design and evaluation of such programs requires a wide breadth of expertise, including local Indigenous knowledge.

Topic: Indigenous Health, Education, and Rights
Subfield: Health
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Evaluation of<i>LATS1</i>and<i>LATS2</i>Promoter Methylation with the Risk of Pterygium Formation

Purpose . Pterygium is a serious eye problem in countries with high exposure to UV. However, despite numerous studies, the molecular etiology of pterygium is unclear. Recent studies have indicated that LATS1 and LATS2 genes are involved in DDR signaling pathways against continuous UV exposure. Our aim was to evaluate the LATS1 and LATS2 promoter methylation with the risk of pterygium formation. Methods . We evaluated the promoter methylation status of LATS1 and LATS2 using methylation-specific PCR technique. Also, mRNA expression of LATS1 and LATS2 was assessed in 14 cases of pterygium and 14 normal specimens by real-time PCR. Results . Promoter methylation of LATS1 and LATS2 was detected significantly between pterygium tissues and normal tissues [ LATS1 ; OR = 4.9; 95% CI: 1.54 to 15.48,<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M1"><mml:mi>P</mml:mi><mml:mo>=</mml:mo><mml:mn fontstyle="italic">0.003</mml:mn></mml:math>; LATS2 ; OR = 7.1; 95% CI: 1.53 to 33.19,<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M2"><mml:mi>P</mml:mi><mml:mo>=</mml:mo><mml:mn fontstyle="italic">0.004</mml:mn></mml:math>]. The gene expression analysis showed a statistically significant difference between pterygium tissues and healthy controls for both LATS1 and LATS2 (<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M3"><mml:mi>P</mml:mi><mml:mo>&lt;</mml:mo><mml:mn fontstyle="italic">0.05</mml:mn></mml:math>). Conclusions . The data of this study is the first report regarding the effect of promoter methylation of the LATS1 and LATS2 in the pterygium. To confirm these data, doing further studies in various genetic populations with large sample sizes using advanced molecular techniques is proposed.

Topic: Epigenetics and DNA Methylation
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Strategy for Developing Integrated Marine Transportation in the Banda Island Tourism Area (Process Hierarchy Analysis Approach)

The tourism sector has now become an important and strategic industry in improving a country's economy. This is not only limited to foreign exchange income for the State, but can also increase people's economic activity, especially the home crafts industry and small industries in general. Apart from that, the hotel and restaurant industry is also growing with various other economic linkages. For Indonesia, the tourism industry plays an important role in the economy, so it is formally outlined in the Medium Term Development Plan which places the tourism industry as a strategic industry for economic growth. Then it was adopted by the Maluku Provincial Government in the 2019-2024 National Medium Term Development Plan by placing it as one of the regions in the Eastern Region of Indonesia with various potential features. This specialty is not only in terms of historical aspects but also various natural beauties and local uniqueness in terms of traditions, culture and society. The potential tourist attractions of Maluku Province in the entire area or scope of existing districts are diverse (RPJMD 2019-2024).

Topic: Maritime Ports and Logistics
Subfield: Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Arthrogryposis multiplex congenita - a rare congenital stiff joints syndrome

Introduction: Arthrogryposis multiplex congenita is not a disease but a term describing multiple congenital contractures. Etiological factors include neurological and primary myogenic diseases. This rare syndrome is present at birth and is characterized by reduced mobility of many joints. The contractures involve two or more joints with ankylosis. The accompanying musculature is hypoplastic, but multiple pterygia are also present. Arthrogryposis multiplex congenita is a heterogeneous group of disorders with the incidence rate of 6.2/100000 liveborn infants. The true incidence cannot be established, because many cases result in spontaneous miscarriages or stillbirth. More than 90% of cases are associated with birth defects. The cause of this syndrome is unknown. Many forms are not hereditary, though there are hereditary forms as well. Case report. This paper presents a case with arthrogryposis multiplex congenita. The pregnancy was not controlled regularly. During the pregnancy, oligohydramnion was detected. Due to contractures, labor ended is cesarean section. The child was born in the 34th week of gestation. Flexion and extension joint contractures were observed. Active and passive mobility of the afflicted joints was reduced. There was a limited motor function in the shoulder, elbow and wrist joints with a slight internal rotation of the shoulder joint and lower arm joints during pronation. The hips were subluxated; the feet were in equinovarus position and the fingers in ulnar deviation with partial syndactyly of the 4th and 5th fingers on the left hand. The infant had abnormal dermatoglyphics. The neck was short, and the 2nd and 3rd cervical vertebrae were fused. There was also a slight left-sided thoracic scoliosis. Trismus was present due to the existing ankylosis of the temporomandibular joint. The karyotype was normal. The serum creatinine phosphokinase was slightly elevated. The electromyographic picture indicate non-specific signs of myopathy. Discussion and conclusion. This is a case report of a "stiff joint syndrome". Due to the fact that data from the family history were unavailable, we could not establish the type of syndrome. However, heredity, growth and development at later age, as well as IQ, might significantly help in definite differentiation of this syndrome. In pregnancy, oligohydramnion should indicate more detailed ultrasonographic examination, as ankylosed joints can be detected in utero. .

Topic: Neurogenetic and Muscular Disorders Research
Subfield: Genetics
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences