jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Toxin production ability of Bacillus cereus strains from food product of Ukraine

Potential pathogens of foodborne toxic infections – bacterial contaminants Bacillus cereus isolated from plant raw materials and food products from the Ukrainian region were investigated. When determining of the proportion of isolated bacilli from the plant samples, it was established that the epidemiologically significant microorganisms of Bacillus cereus as agents of food poisoning are the second largest. The average value of contaminated samples of Ukrainian plant raw materials and processed products with Bacillus cereus is 36,2 %. The ability of Bacillus cereus strains identified by a complex of morphological, tinctorial, cultural and biochemical properties, to produce specific emetic and enterotoxins was studied. Molecular genetic diagnosis and detection of the toxin-producing ability of isolated 42 Bacillus cereus strains showed both the possibility of their rapid identification and the presence of specific toxicity genes. Multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was carried out with specific primers to detect toxicity determined of various bacilli genes: nheA, hblD, cytK, cesВ. The distribution of toxigenic genes is significantly different among the Bacillus cereus isolates from various sources. The nheA, hblD and cytK enterotoxin genes were detected in 100, 83,3 and 61,9 % of the investigated strains of Bacillus cereus, respectively. The cesB gene encoding emetic toxin was detected in 4,8 % of strains. Molecular-genetic PCR-method confirmed that all the isolated strains belong to the Bacillus cereus group, and the ability to produce toxins can be attributed to five groups. The main toxins that produce the investigated Bacillus cereus strains were nhe and hbl enterotoxins encoded by the corresponding genes of nheA and hblD. The enterotoxic type of Bacillus cereus was predominant in Ukrainian region. Studies of domestic plant food raw materials and products have confirmed the need to improve microbiological control of product safety by introducing accelerated specific diagnostics of contaminants by molecular genetics methods.

Topic: Bacillus and Francisella bacterial research
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Right putamen hemorrhage manifesting as apraxia of eyelid opening

Yi-Hui Lin,1 Li-Min Liou,2,3 Chiou-Lian Lai,1,2 Yang-Pei Chang1,2 1Department of Neurology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, 2Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, 3Department of Neurology, Kaohsiung Municipal Hsiao-Kang Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan Purpose: The purpose of this report is to demonstrate a rare clinical manifestation of apraxia eyelid opening related to a basal ganglia lesion. Case report: In this study, we report a 91-year-old woman suffering from difficulty in eyelid opening after being treated for myocardial ischemia with dual antiplatelet medications. She could open her eyelid with fingers touching her forehead. Brain computed tomography revealed a right putamen hemorrhage. Surface electromyography revealed persistent frontalis muscle contraction during relaxation of orbicularis oculi muscles. Apraxia of eyelid opening was diagnosed. Her eyelid symptom resolved 2 months later. Conclusion: Apraxia of eyelid opening may be caused by subcortical hemorrhage of the basal ganglia. In addition to the primary motor cortex and supplemental motor area, the basal ganglia may also play a role in eyelid opening. Keywords: intracranial hemorrhage, basal ganglia, orbicularis oculi muscle, frontalis muscle

Topic: Botulinum Toxin and Related Neurological Disorders
Subfield: Neurology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
The Influence of Employee Demotivation and Employee Motivation on Employee Performance: Case Study of Farven

Farven is a local startup fashion brand established in 2019 that provides eco-friendly fashion. Looking at the problem in terms of helicopter view, the problem that was first exposed can be seen from the decrease in the effectiveness of the company, then the company's OKR that was not achieved, the progress KPI only reached 20%, the jobdesk provided was not implemented, and the monthly target was not achieved. After performing a 5-way method to find the core of the problem, researchers found the core problem was due to the demotivation of employees that affected the performance of workers. Workers as an essential to give their efforts in every action to achieve goals in the organization. Workers need triggers to do things well and produce good performance, one of the driving factors is good motivation. Good motivation will result in high performance, low turnover, loyalty, alignment, which contributes significantly to the growth and development of the company. Conversely, if the driving factor is bad motivation or commonly called demotivation, it will result in low performance, high turnover, low loyalty, absence of alignment, nor does it contribute significantly to the growth and development of the company. Moreover, currently the country of Indonesia is a developing country that has great potential to compete in the field of development, one of the developments for human resources that have good quality, which will affect the results of work and company. Farven as a startup that has workers want to also contribute in developing good resources by maintaining good quality workers, but Farven has some challenges one of which is the problem of worker demotivation that has been felt by all Farven workers. In this study, researchers aimed to know the dimensions of worker demotivation and worker motivation that affect worker performance and wanted to know the indicators of the dimensions that most influence the demotivation of workers and also the motivation of workers. Researchers used a semi-structure interview in the interview process to three Farven workers. The order of questions may also vary depending on the conversation flow. On the other hand, additional questions, and objectives with the nature of certain events in a particular organization. Informant will be selected through nonprobability sampling i.e. purposive sampling or specifically using judgement sampling. The interview will primarily explore the dimensions of employee motivation and employee motivation according to the participant's experience as a Farven employee. This study used thematic coding to analyze qualitative data.

Topic: Employee Performance and Management
Subfield: Human Factors and Ergonomics
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Effect of topical bile acids on gastric surface epithelial cells.

By scanning electron microscopy, mucosae exposed to NTS, NTS + TC, or ATS maintained an intact layer of surface epithelial cells. ATS + TC induced dose-dependent exfoliation of sheets of surface cells. Compared with NTS, neither NTS + TC nor ATS altered DNAE; DNAE increased only in mucosae exposed to ATS + TC. Compared with ATS, ATS + TC increased cation fluxes and decreased PD (p less than 0.05). DNAE correlated with delta H+, delta Na+, delta K+, and PD (r = 0.95, 0.93, 0.86, and 0.89) (all p less than 0.05). Pretreatment with acetylcysteine increased Na+ flux in mucosae exposed to NTS and ATS but otherwise did not change delta H+, delta K+, DNAE, or PD. In mucosae exposed to ATS + TC, DNAE paralleled morphologic changes in the surface epithelial layer and physiologic alterations in cation fluxes and PD. Both scanning electron microscopy and measurement of DNAE appear to be useful tools in assessing surface epithelial cell injury.

Topic: Pediatric health and respiratory diseases
Subfield: Emergency Medical Services
Field: Health Professions
Domain: Health Sciences
Human Pineal Body in the Late Stages of Prenatal Ontogenesis: Morphometric and Ultrastructural Investigation

The following material is the fragment of our complex investigation of Human Pineal Body (HPB) to find out the histotopographical and ultrastructural organization and reveal the level of PB’s functional activity in different stages of ontogenesis. Morphometric and ultrastructural investigation are made on corpse material, obtained from 10 seven‐month fetuses died as a result of intranatal asphyxia. Total sections were stained by histological and histochemical methods. The partial volumes of parenchyma (Vp), of connective tissue frame (Vc), of the whole constructions of hemomicrocirculatory unit (V) and separately capillaries (Vk) were estimated by morphometric method. The morphometric data of investigation were underwent statistic analysis, where p&lt;0.05. The HPB in this stage of prenatal ontogenesis is presented by the field of light and dark cells surrounded by fine connective tissue fibers, entering the parenchyma as short, hardly seen septs. The partial volume of parenchyma (Vp) composes 65.67%, connective tissue frame (Vc)−7.27%. The gland is well supplied, V=27.06% of the organ’s volume, where capillaries are 8.81%. The ultrastructural analysis revealed dissimilarity of the cells of HPB with distinguishing into 4 groups: cells‐precursors, glial cells (GC), “light” (LP) and “dark” (DP) pinealocytes. LP compose 40% from the whole parenchyma, DP ‐ 45% of the parenchyma. Cells‐precursors with GC together compose 15% of the parenchyma. The absence of clear structural organization and low quantity of LP shows the insufficient morphological maturity and evidently the low functional activity. Yerevan State Medical University

Topic: Autopsy Techniques and Outcomes
Subfield: Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Base-Free Aryl Coupling of Diazonium Compounds and BoronicEsters

The authors report an unprecedented application of self-activated boronic esters in a base-free cross-coupling reaction with diazonium salts under mild and user-friendly conditions. The protocol tolerates a wide range of functional groups and affords unsymmetrical biaryls in high yields.

Topic: Catalytic Cross-Coupling Reactions
Subfield: Organic Chemistry
Field: Chemistry
Domain: Physical Sciences
ChemInform Abstract: Mechanism of the Reaction of (Mo(η‐C6H6)(Me2PCH2CH2PMe2)(η‐C2H4)H)+ with PMe3 Giving (Mo(η‐C6H5Et)(dmpe)(PMe3)H)+: Metal‐to‐Ring Migration of an Ethyl Group.

Abstract The cis‐ethylenehydride compounds (I) react with trimethylphosphine (II) to give the η6‐ethylbenzene compounds (III).

Topic: Organometallic Complex Synthesis and Catalysis
Subfield: Organic Chemistry
Field: Chemistry
Domain: Physical Sciences
A COMPARATIVE STUDY ON THE PASSIVITY OF THE STUDENTS LEARNING ENGLISH AS A SECOND LANGUAGE AT ALEKSANDRAS STULGINSKIS UNIVERSITY

The article focuses on the comparative analysis of the causative factors influencing the students’ passivity in 2005 and 2017 as well as on classwork methods stimulating their activity. The analysis was based on the results obtained in 2005 and 2017. The results showed that the main reasons of the students’ passivity in 2005 during their English classes was their habit to be silent acquired in the high school as well as their unwillingness to show emotions (female approach) and laziness (male approach). In 2017 the students were still unwilling to show their emotions (both female and male approach) and laziness (male approach). In 2005 the active students pointed out discussion as the most acceptable method to acquire competence in the English as the second language, whereas the passive students preferred teamwork to any other classroom activity. Both target groups emphasized the importance of good psychological climate during the classes. In 2017 discussion was found to be the most acceptable method to acquire competence and better speaking skills for the both active students and passive students, while the latter indicated that the psychological climate during the classes as exceptionally important helping them to cope with the stress and language barrier. The obtained results also showed that the students in 2017 were more conscious of the importance of being active during the classes.

Topic: Language, Communication, and Linguistic Studies
Subfield: Communication
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Antimicrobial action of lactoferrin on Staphylococcus aureus inoculated in Minas frescal cheese.

The effect of the addition of lactoferrin on Staphylococcus aureus to Minas frescal cheese was evaluated. Three cheeses were made: control (S. aureus), Lf-2% (2% lactoferrin + S. aureus) and Lf-4% (4% lactoferrin + S. aureus). Cheeses were packaged and S. aureus populations were determined on days 1, 8, 15, 22 and 29 of storage at 6 degrees C. The experiment was repeated three times. S. aureus population increased 1.3 logarithmic cycles in the control cheese during storage, while it decreased to numbers below the detection limit in cheeses containing lactoferrin, over the same period. Moreover, antimicrobial effect showed to be dose-dependent.

Topic: Infant Nutrition and Health
Subfield: Nutrition and Dietetics
Field: Nursing
Domain: Health Sciences
Examining the impact of fun in the workplace in hospitality internships

Purpose This study examines the importance of fun in the workplace within the context of hospitality internships. It aims to determine the impact of three dimensions of fun – fun activities, coworker socializing and manager support for fun – on the perceived value of internships and students' commitment to pursuing a career in the hospitality industry. Design/methodology/approach The study involved a sample of 253 hospitality management students in The Netherlands. Data were collected through an online survey and analyzed using multiple regression to assess the relationships between fun in the workplace, internship value and industry commitment. The study also considered the influence of job characteristics, social support and work-life conflict. Findings The results indicated that coworker socializing had a positive relationship with both internship value and industry commitment. Manager support for fun positively influenced internship value but had a negative relationship with industry commitment. Fun activities did not significantly impact either outcome. Additionally, skill variety was found to be crucial for internship value, particularly for operational interns. Practical implications The findings suggest that while fun in the workplace can enhance the internship experience, it should not overshadow other critical factors such as skill variety, supervisor support and the presence of role models. Internship programs should focus on providing diverse and challenging tasks to maximize perceived value and industry commitment among students. Originality/value This study extends the research on workplace fun by focusing on its role in the internship experience within the hospitality industry. It provides insights into how different dimensions of fun affect internship outcomes and highlights the importance of balancing fun with other essential aspects of the work environment to foster positive student experiences and career aspirations.

Topic: Job Satisfaction and Organizational Behavior
Subfield: Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management
Field: Business, Management and Accounting
Domain: Social Sciences
Localization results with 6 anchors when the variance of noise is 1 Watt.

&lt;p&gt;(a) 1000 estimated locations of a UAV by the Chan algorithm. (b) 1000 estimated locations of a UAV by FSICL. (c) Average estimated locations of 100 UAVs of 1000 iterations by the Chan algorithm. (d) Average estimated locations of 100 UAVs of 1000 iterations by FSICL.&lt;/p&gt;

Topic: Agricultural pest management studies
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Preparation and evaluation of lipid-based sustained release pellets of chlorpheniramine maleate by the wet extrusion-spheronization method

Introduction: This study aimed to investigate the feasibility of preparation of sustained-release chlorpheniramine maleate (CPM) pellets based on Compritol® as a lipid matrix and evaluation of the affecting factors on pellet properties. Methods: Using the D-optimal experimental design, different pellet formulations containing various amounts of CPM, Compritol® and Avicel were prepared by the wet extrusion-spheronization method. Then the pellets were cured at 40, 65 and 90 ̊C for 4 and 8 h to study the effect of the thermal process. The physicomechanical properties of the pellets were investigated in terms of particle size distribution, pelletization yield, mechanical strength, aspect ratio and sphericity. To investigate the possible interaction of CPM and Compritol®, as well as to evaluate the morphology and surface characteristics of the pellets DSC and SEM were used, respectively. Also, to investigate the drug release rate from pellets the dissolution test was carried out and mean dissolution time (MDT) was calculated to compare different formulations. Results: The results showed that the curing process up to 65 °C improves the strength of the pellets. However, increasing the curing temperature from 65 to 90 °C and also increasing the curing time from 4 to 8 h did not have a significant effect on the strength of the pellets but increased the drug release rate of pellets. Increasing the amount of the drug or decreasing Compritol® in the matrix of pellets leads to a larger particle size with greater mechanical strength. All formulations of the pellets had an aspect ratio and sphericity of about 1.1 and 0.9 respectively, which indicates the spherical shape of the pellets as shown by SEM. DSC thermograms indicate the reduction of the crystallinity or the change of the crystalline form of the drug to amorphous during the pelletization process. Conclusion: The results revealed the feasibility of preparing lipid-based sustained-release matrix pellets using the wet extrusion-spheronization method. The optimal formulation in terms of physicomechanical properties and release rate was the formulation containing 8% CPM, 67% Compritol® and 25% Avicel, which were dried at 40 ° C for 4 h and released about 90% of the drug within 12 h.

Topic: Drug Solubulity and Delivery Systems
Subfield: Pharmaceutical Science
Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics
Domain: Life Sciences
Web server workload characterization

The phenomenal growth in popularity of the World Wide Web (WWW, or the Web) has made WWW traffic the largest contributor to packet and byte traffic on the NSFNET backbone. This growth has triggered recent research aimed at reducing the volume of network traffic produced by Web clients and servers, by using caching, and reducing the latency for WWW users, by using improved protocols for Web interaction.Fundamental to the goal of improving WWW performance is an understanding of WWW workloads. This paper presents a workload characterization study for Internet Web servers. Six different data sets are used in this study: three from academic (i.e., university) environments, two from scientific research organizations, and one from a commercial Internet provider. These data sets represent three different orders of magnitude in server activity, and two different orders of magnitude in time duration, ranging from one week of activity to one year of activity.Throughout the study, emphasis is placed on finding workload invariants: observations that apply across all the data sets studied. Ten invariants are identified. These invariants are deemed important since they (potentially) represent universal truths for all Internet Web servers. The paper concludes with a discussion of caching and performance issues, using the invariants to suggest performance enhancements that seem most promising for Internet Web servers.

Topic: Caching and Content Delivery
Subfield: Computer Networks and Communications
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
A study of the motion of single electrons in liquid helium

We have developed an apparatus which can be used to monitor the motion of individual electrons in liquid helium. A sound wave is used to explode an electron bubble for a fraction of a microsecond. While the bubble is expanded, it is illuminated by light from a flash lamp. We describe the details of the experiment and show the results we obtained. The phonon-roton in liquid helium drags the electron bubbles across the experiment cell. In some cases, an electron is seen to follow a snakelike path. Our tentative explanation is that the electron is sliding along a quantized vortex line.

Topic: Quantum, superfluid, helium dynamics
Subfield: Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Mutagenic potential of temozolomide in bone marrow cells in vivo

Therapy-related myeloid leukemias (t-MLs) occur in as many as 5% to 10% of patients who are otherwise cured of a primary neoplasm with aggressive multimodal regimens. Many patients with t-MLs or therapy-related myelodysplastic syndrome (t-MDS) have previously received chemotherapeutic agents that

Topic: Brain Metastases and Treatment
Subfield: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Teaching animal welfare to veterinary students

As public concern over the welfare of animals has increased in many European countries and elsewhere, Veterinary Schools have to include animal welfare as a subject in their curricula. Although some schools have already done so, many others have not. Animal welfare is a relatively new subject and as a consequence there is a lack of knowledge among the academic community as to what contents should be included in a general course on animal welfare aimed at veterinary students. This chapter is intended to help those that have the responsibility to start such a course. We hope that it may be useful as well to those who simply want to compare the courses they teach with other courses taught elsewhere. The specific objectives of this chapter are: (1) to provide a syllabus of the main contents to be included in a general course on animal welfare for veterinary students, (2) to explain why those contents should be included and how they could be taught, and (3) to provide a set of useful references and sources of information for those responsible for teaching animal welfare to veterinary students. This chapter is largely based on the authors’ experience. We hope, nevertheless, that in the long-term it will contribute to build a common set of guidelines for teaching animal welfare to veterinary students in Europe, so that in the future all European Veterinary Schools share at least the main elements of their curricula as it relates to animal welfare. The chapter is divided into six sections. The first section covers the basic principles of animal welfare, whereas the following five sections deal with animal welfare in each of the main fields in which veterinarians are professionally involved: farm animal housing and husbandry, transport and slaughter of farm animals, companion animals, laboratory animals and wildlife.

Topic: Animal Behavior and Welfare Studies
Subfield: Small Animals
Field: Veterinary
Domain: Health Sciences