jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Pitcairn Island: Pitcairn Islands, Pacific Ocean

With New Zealand 3,324 miles to the west and Chile 3,587 miles to the east, the outcrop of four volcanic islands forming the Pitcairn Islands group are some of the most remote in the world. Situated in the Southern Pacific Ocean the islands of Henderson, Ducie, Oeno and Pitcairn are an idyllic location for travellers looking for that remote getaway experience. With picturesque cliffs, rocky outcrops, clear blue waters and an average yearly temperature above 70 degrees, it is hard to look past Pitcairn Island as the ultimate location for the more adventurous traveller. September 2016 saw the introduction of the Pitcairn Islands Marine Reserve, a 320,465 square mile protection of the isolated waters that are home to 1,249 identified species in one of the most intact marine ecosystems on the planet (The Pew Trusts, 2015), further demonstrating the scale of beauty on offer.

Topic: Echinoderm biology and ecology
Subfield: Aquatic Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Single Tooth Immediate Implant Placement in Molar Sites

Immediate implant placement (IIP) in molar regions has emerged as a viable treatment option that can shorten rehabilitation time and reduce surgical interventions. However, posterior sites present anatomical and biomechanical challenges, such as complex socket morphology and high functional loading, which may compromise primary stability and subsequent osseointegration. Meticulous treatment planning during the clinical decision-making process is essential, including a thorough assessment of the patient's medical condition, site-specific characteristics, alveolar bone quantity and quality, periodontal status, occlusal factors, anticipated implant-supported prosthesis and proximity to critical structures, among others. Advancements in customized implant designs and surgical techniques, including minimally invasive extractions, tailored osteotomies, computer-assisted implant surgery, and phenotype modification therapies, have expanded the potential for successful IIP in molar sites. Although favorable outcomes with survival rates comparable to delayed placement protocols have been reported, concerns persist regarding potential intra- and post-operative complications that may affect implant success, including 3D implant malposition, violation of anatomical structures, postoperative infections, early implant failure, and significant alveolar ridge remodeling. A definitive consensus on the optimal protocol for molar IIP is still lacking due to heterogeneity in clinical approaches and reported outcomes. Therefore, this narrative review aims to explore critical factors influencing treatment success in molar IIP and to support appropriate case selection.

Topic: Dental Implant Techniques and Outcomes
Subfield: Oral Surgery
Field: Dentistry
Domain: Health Sciences
Effect Of Intensity Scintillation On The Stimulated Rotational Raman Threshold In Hydrogen

Threshold measurements of stimulated rotational Raman scattering in hydrogen have been performed for the case of a linear and circularly polarized pump, with and without atmospheric-like phase distortions. Since the effects of Stokes-anti/Stokes (SAS) coupling disappear with circular polarization, the comparison of threshold measurements with each polarization provides a direct measurement of the effective gain reduction caused by SAS coupling combined with turbulence induced intensity scintillations. The results are in good agreement with Raman code calculations.

Topic: Field-Flow Fractionation Techniques
Subfield: Computational Mechanics
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
76 Many Forms of Bariatric Surgery Can Be Used to Treat Obese Patients. Is Laparoscopic Gastric Plication the Next Gold Standard?

Abstract Aim Obesity is growing in prevalence in today’s world. Conservative treatment methods often fail; however, bariatric procedures have been developed to help patients lose weight. While bariatric surgery takes various forms, these are often highly invasive or have high rates of complication, leading to further development by surgeons of new procedures. One of the more recently developed procedures is laparoscopic gastric plication- a surgery involving imbrication of the greater curvature of the stomach to narrow the gastric lumen. It has been hypothesised that this could be the next gold standard in the management of obesity. This paper seeks to address such hypotheses by comparing laparoscopic gastric plication with the already established laparoscopic gastric sleeve in the treatment of patients and their comorbidities. Method By analysing meta-analyses, systematic reviews and case studies on both laparoscopic gastric plication and laparoscopic gastric sleeve, it has been possible to compare the safety, efficacy, and cost of the two procedures. Results The results of the literature review undertaken indicate no significant difference when the efficacy and cost of the two procedures is compared. Laparoscopic gastric sleeve is, however, a safer procedure with fewer postoperative complications than laparoscopic gastric plication. Conclusions In conclusion, it is unlikely that laparoscopic gastric plication will be the next gold standard in bariatric surgery unless the procedure is standardised, and its safety record is improved.

Topic: Bariatric Surgery and Outcomes
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Students' expectation towards library' services

The Purpose: The main purpose of this study is to identify the factors that effecting the satisfaction of students and visitors toward the university library.This paper reports a part of&#13;\na quantitative study that aims to improve the quality of researches among master and PhD&#13;\nstudents throughout evaluating the library’s performance by measuring the users’ satisfaction with (a) library’s service quality, library resources and (b) library facilities provided by academic library in university Utara Malaysia.The methodology is that data were collected through a survey of 360 respondents using convenience sampling technique.A nonparametric test using the one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to analysis satisfaction scores of the respondents. The results of the study revealed that on the average, the respondents were quite satisfied with the library services if these services met their expectation.Also, library facilities have direct effect on the student’s satisfaction and that student dissatisfy from library resources.The mean significant of the study is to conduct user satisfaction surveys as a means of identifying areas for service improvement and ensuring that it remains responsive to help in justifying resources and improving the services. Hence, there is a need for university libraries to understand the user needs and satisfy their information and research&#13;\nneeds.In order to support in an ongoing learning activities. The study provides literature on&#13;\nuser satisfaction of library services.

Topic: Library Science and Information Literacy
Subfield: Library and Information Sciences
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Review and Discussion of Strategies to Address Low Trainer‐to‐Staff Ratios

Researchers have developed an array of highly adaptable intervention packages with well‐documented efficacy for staff and teacher training. As indicated by Parsons, Rollyson, and Reid (2012) in their article on best practices in staff training, behavior analysts must use methods that are both effective and efficient given the limited resources of many human service settings (e.g., low trainer‐to‐staff ratios). The purpose of this paper is to summarize research on practical innovations for staff and teacher training, including the use of video‐based technology and self‐instruction materials that may help trainers to operate effectively despite limited time and personnel. Results are discussed in terms of the current state of the evidence for each practical innovation and considerations for integrating these strategies with best practices in staff training. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.

Topic: Behavioral and Psychological Studies
Subfield: Developmental and Educational Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Analysis of Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK) Ability Based on Science Literacy for Pre-Service Primary School Teachers in Learning Science Concepts

This study intends to describe and investigate the ability profile of Technological Pedagogy Content Knowledge (TPACK) based on scientific literacy for pre-service primary school teachers. The measurement of student TPACK skills is needed to determine the knowledge of technology that will be implemented in the learning process. Students' TPACK knowledge needs to be developed because integration between pedagogical abilities, material content, and technology is needed. This research is quantitative survey research. This study tested a TPACK model, which was described by the relationship between latent variables, namely from seven components, including TK, PK, CK, TPK, TCK, PCK, and TPACK. The data collection technique used a questionnaire instrument with 46 items. The questionnaire instrument was filled out by 206 pre-service primary school teachers who had taken the Science Concept, Science Application, Science Teaching Learning Course, and Field Experience Practice Courses. The results were then calculated and analyzed using a modeling test with a Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) approach. The results showed that PCK variability could be influenced by the CK and PK components of 51.5%. While the variability of TCK can be influenced by the components of CK and TK of 42.7%. The variability of the TPK can be influenced by the PK and TK components of 45.2%. Finally, the magnitude of the effect of PK, CK, TK, PCK, TPK, and TCK components on TPACK is 61.0%. The TPACK profile of pre-service primary school teachers is good with the factors that contribute most to the components that go into PK and CK. As a result, the findings of this study will contribute to the development of a more thorough profile of the TPACK competencies of pre-service primary school teachers, which can enhance their capacity to incorporate technology when they become teachers in the future.

Topic: Technology-Enhanced Education Studies
Subfield: Education
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
The myth of the non-Russian: Iskander and Aitmatov's magical universe

Chapter 1 Introduction: A Style of Their Own Chapter 2 What is Magical Realism? Chapter 3 Russian and Soviet Realisms Chapter 4 Fazil Iskander: Voice of Abkhazia Chapter 5 Chingiz Aitmatov: Conscience of Central Asia Chapter 6 Conclusion: Russian Magical Realism and the Bigger Picture

Topic: Themes in Literature Analysis
Subfield: Literature and Literary Theory
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Acute onset-low back pain and hip pain secondary to metastatic prostate cancer: a case report.

Prostatic cancer is the second most common cancer among North American men and the second leading cause of cancer deaths. It may be incidental or contribute to the cause of mechanical back pain. With such high mortality associated with metastasis, early detection is essential for appropriate medical management. Chiropractors are often consulted for back pain of mechanical origin and are in a position to detect conditions in which serious organic pathology may contribute to, or mimic benign musculoskeletal back pain. Patient history and clinical examination coupled with imaging may greatly increase the index of suspicion of prostatic involvement. Outlined is a case where imaging and examination confirmed a diagnosis of organic disease in an individual who opted for chiropractic care for his back pain, but for whom immediate medical management was essential.

Topic: Prostate Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment
Subfield: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Mitofusin 2-Containing Mitochondrial-Reticular Microdomains Direct Rapid Cardiomyocyte Bioenergetic Responses Via Interorganelle Ca <sup>2+</sup> Crosstalk

Rationale: Mitochondrial Ca 2+ uptake is essential for the bioenergetic feedback response through stimulation of Krebs cycle dehydrogenases. Close association of mitochondria to the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) may explain efficient mitochondrial Ca 2+ uptake despite low Ca 2+ affinity of the mitochondrial Ca 2+ uniporter. However, the existence of such mitochondrial Ca 2+ microdomains and their functional role are presently unresolved. Mitofusin (Mfn) 1 and 2 mediate mitochondrial outer membrane fusion, whereas Mfn2 but not Mfn1 tethers endoplasmic reticulum to mitochondria in noncardiac cells. Objective: To elucidate roles for Mfn1 and 2 in SR-mitochondrial tethering, Ca 2+ signaling, and bioenergetic regulation in cardiac myocytes. Methods and Results: Fruit fly heart tubes deficient of the Drosophila Mfn ortholog MARF had increased contraction-associated and caffeine-sensitive Ca 2+ release, suggesting a role for Mfn in SR Ca 2+ handling. Whereas cardiac-specific Mfn1 ablation had no effects on murine heart function or Ca 2+ cycling, Mfn2 deficiency decreased cardiomyocyte SR-mitochondrial contact length by 30% and reduced the content of SR-associated proteins in mitochondria-associated membranes. This was associated with decreased mitochondrial Ca 2+ uptake (despite unchanged mitochondrial membrane potential) but increased steady-state and caffeine-induced SR Ca 2+ release. Accordingly, Ca 2+ -induced stimulation of Krebs cycle dehydrogenases during β-adrenergic stimulation was hampered in Mfn2-KO but not Mfn1-KO myocytes, evidenced by oxidation of the redox states of NAD(P)H/NAD(P) + and FADH 2 /FAD. Conclusions: Physical tethering of SR and mitochondria via Mfn2 is essential for normal interorganelle Ca 2+ signaling in the myocardium, consistent with a requirement for SR-mitochondrial Ca 2+ signaling through microdomains in the cardiomyocyte bioenergetic feedback response to physiological stress.

Topic: Mitochondrial Function and Pathology
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Routine Clinical Use

The availability of a simple, sensitive, and rapid test using whole blood to facilitate processing and to reduce the turnaround time could improve the management of patients presenting with chest pain. The aim of this study was an evaluation of the Innotrac Aio! second-generation cardiac troponin I (cTnI) assay. The Innotrac Aio! second-generation cTnI assay was compared with the Abbott AxSYM first-generation cTnI, Beckman Access AccuTnI, and Innotrac Aio! first-generation cTnI assays. We studied serum samples from 15 patients with positive rheumatoid factor but with no indication of myocardial infarction (MI). Additionally, the stability of the sample with different matrices and the influence of hemodialysis on the cTnI concentration were evaluated. Within-assay CVs were 3.2%–10.9%, and between-assay precision ranged from 4.0 % to 17.2 % for cTnI. The functional sensitivity (CV = 20%) and the concentration giving CV of 10 % were approximated to be 0.02 and 0.04, respectively. The assay was found to be linear within the tested range of 0.063–111.6 µg/L. The correlations between the second-generation Innotrac Aio!, Access, and AxSYM cTnI assays were good (r coefficients 0.947–0.966), but involved differences in the measured concentrations, and the biases were highest with cTnI at low concentrations. The second-generation Innotrac Aio! cTnI assay was found to be superior to

Topic: Acute Myocardial Infarction Research
Subfield: Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Post-traumatic stress disorder symptom severity, trauma load and sleeping difficulties in trauma-exposed, treatment-seeking adolescents

Introduction: Sleep disturbances are associated with various anxiety- and trauma-related disorders, and specifically with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Two of the core symptoms of PTSD are recurrent distressing dreams about the traumatic event and difficulty in falling or staying asleep (insomnia). Sleep is essential for functioning, with poor sleep compromising cognitive, emotional and behavioural regulations. Sleep is also of particular importance for brain development and information processing in children and adolescents. The aim of this study was to determine if PTSD symptom severity and trauma load is associated with nightmares and insomnia in a sample of trauma-exposed, treatment-seeking adolescents.Methods: A total of 358 South African adolescents, between 12 and 18 years of age, exposed to at least one DSM-5 qualifying traumatic event, were assessed for PTSD-related sleep difficulties using the Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia (KSADS). Childhood exposure to 10 common trauma types was also recorded using the KSADS trauma checklist. PTSD symptom severity was measured using the child PTSD checklist (CPC).Results: Adolescents reporting current trauma-related nightmares (F[268.2] = 0.68, t = -8.16, p = 0.000) and current insomnia (F[265.2] = 0.16, t = -9.03, p = 0.000) had significantly higher PTSD symptom severity scores compared to those without current nightmares and insomnia. Adolescents with current trauma-related nightmares (F[355.2] = 0.15, t = -3.30, p = 0.001) and insomnia (F[353.2] = 0.15, t = -2.51, p = 0.013) were also exposed to a significantly greater number of different trauma types compared to those without current nightmares and insomnia.Conclusion: Assessing and treating sleep difficulties related to PTSD in trauma-exposed adolescents, in an effort to reduce the developmental impact of trauma on the brain and general functioning, should not be overlooked. Longitudinal studies may contribute to a better understanding of the long-term effects of trauma-related insomnia and nightmares on mental and physical health outcomes.

Topic: Sleep and related disorders
Subfield: Experimental and Cognitive Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
SH1443037.08FU

UNITE provides a unified way for delimiting, identifying, communicating, and working with DNA-based Species Hypotheses (SH). All fungal ITS sequences in the international nucleotide sequence databases are clustered to approximately the species level by applying a set of dynamic distance values (<0.5 - 3.0%). All species hypotheses are given a unique, stable name in the form of a DOI, and their taxonomic and ecological annotations are verified through distributed, web-based third-party annotation efforts. SHs are connected to a taxon name and its classification as far as possible (phylum, class, order, etc.) by taking into account identifications for all sequences in the SH. An automatically or manually designated sequence is chosen to represent each such SH. These sequences are released (https://unite.ut.ee/repository.php) for use by the scientific community in, for example, local sequence similarity searches and next-generation sequencing analysis pipelines. The system and the data are updated automatically as the number of public fungal ITS sequences grows.

Topic: Tendon Structure and Treatment
Subfield: Orthopedics and Sports Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Effects of alpha 1-blockade on arterial compliance in normotensive and hypertensive rats.

The effects of blockade of alpha 1-adrenergic receptors on the mechanical properties of the arterial wall were studied in 10 spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) as compared with 10 matched normotensive Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats. Ascending aortic pressure and flow were recorded in open-chest anesthetized rats, and the systemic arterial compliance was calculated. Intravenous injection (1 mg/kg) of Urapidil, a selective alpha 1-adrenergic antagonist, induced a significant decrease in arterial pressure (-26%, p less than 0.01 and -37%, p less than 0.001 in WKY rats and SHR, respectively) without significant changes in cardiac output. In control conditions, systemic arterial compliance was lower in SHR (3.29 +/- 1.52 microliters/mm Hg) than in WKY rats (4.35 +/- 1.35 microliters/mm Hg, p less than 0.01). Urapidil injection induced significant increases in systemic arterial compliance values in both strains (p less than 0.001). In another set of experiments (15 WKY rats and 15 SHR), the carotid compliance (microliters/mm Hg) was determined from the arterial volume-pressure relation under control conditions, after local incubation with Urapidil, and after total abolition of the vascular smooth muscle by KCN. In WKY rats, the carotid compliance increased markedly after incubation with Urapidil at doses corresponding to 1 mg/kg (+31%, p less than 0.01). A further increase in the carotid compliance was observed after KCN poisoning (+11%, p less than 0.05). In SHR, incubation with Urapidil at doses corresponding to 2 mg/kg were necessary to induce a significant increase in compliance (+38%). At this dosage, there was no further increase in compliance after KCN poisoning.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Topic: Eicosanoids and Hypertension Pharmacology
Subfield: Biochemistry
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Imaging Features of Active Inflammation in Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis

Poster: ESSR 2015 / P-0123 / Imaging Features of Active Inflammation in Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis  by:  C. Chisholm , D. Mak, M. Thyagarajan; Birmingham/UK

Topic: Autoimmune and Inflammatory Disorders Research
Subfield: Hematology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Organic acids in two arsenic hyperaccumulators and a non-hyperaccumulator of<i>Pteris</i>exposed to elevated arsenic concentrations

Six organic acids (oxalic, malonic, malic, citric, palmitic and linolenic acid) in two arsenic (As) hyperaccumulators (Pteris multifida and Pteris vittata) and a non-hyperaccumulator fern (Pteris semipinnata) exposed to different As concentrations (0, 5, 20 and 40 mg As L−1) under hydroponic conditions were determined using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Three fern species were collected from an uncontaminated site, but two As-hyperaccumulators were also collected from an As-contaminated site. Furthermore, the time-course effect of organic acid production in P. multifida and P. semipinnata collected from the uncontaminated site were also studied under 0 and 20 mg As L–1 treatments with a sampling interval at 0, 6, 12, 24 and 36 h. After esterifying (H2SO4–CH3OH), extracting (CH2Cl2), washing (saturated NaCl) and drying (anhydrous Na2SO4), these organic acids were isolated (Column: HP Ultra 2, 50 m × 0.2 mM × 0.33 µM; Carrier gas: He). There was no significant increase in the concentrations of the six organic acids in the fronds and roots of the three fern species sampled from an uncontaminated site under 5 or 40 mg As L−1 treatments. In addition, there were also no significant differences in the concentrations of organic acids among the three fern species under the same As concentration treatments. Concentrations of malic, oxalic and linolenic acids in the fronds and roots of two As hyperaccumulators collected from an As-contaminated or uncontaminated site and the non-hyperaccumulator collected from an uncontaminated site followed the sequence of malic acid > oxalic acid > linolenic acid. As for time-course effect, compared to P. semipinnata, a significant increase was observed in concentrations of oxalic and linolenic acid in P. multifida over time under 20 mg As L−1 treatment. In general, the changes of organic acid concentrations in As hyperaccumulators did not directly contribute to As accumulation.

Topic: Arsenic contamination and mitigation
Subfield: Environmental Chemistry
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences