jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
EXPLORING GLOBAL LANGUAGE AND BUSINESS SKILLS ACQUISITION IN MULTICULTURAL LEARNING IN COACTION OF MOTIVATION AND LEARNING STYLES

In the global scale, acquiring both global language and business core skills have become mandatory in order to develop and prepare international business major students for global leadership and challenges. The ability to acquire these skills in a multicultural learning is a challenge of multifaceted skill learning fueled by reciprocal functions of motivation factors and learning styles of diverse community of learners. This study aimed to explore the challenges of business academic coursework of one hundred business major students in view of influential motivation factors and learning styles exhibited in a classroom that is multicultural in composition. Results show that extrinsic motivation is the most influential underlying factor to acquire global language and a strong perception on communication skill implies the most important dimension in acquiring business competence. Visual and auditory preferences remain to be strengths of their learning strategies. Finally, a discourse of recommendations for educators is provided to fully utilize the collaboration of motivation factors and learning strategies towards continuous improvement and effectiveness of language and business skills acquisition in multicultural learning.

Topic: International Student and Expatriate Challenges
Subfield: Communication
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Effects of SiO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; Nanoparticles on Dielectric Characteristic of Aloe Vera Paste

Natural Aloe vera paste has been reported as an alternative organic dielectric material. In this study, natural Aloe vera paste incorporated with silicon dioxide (SiO 2 ) nanoparticles (NPs) has been investigated. The natural Aloe vera paste with different weight loading (0.5 to 3.8 wt%) of SiO 2 NPs was screen printed on aluminum (Al) layer supported by a soda lime glass substrate and dried at room temperature. The solidified sample with 1.5 wt% of SiO 2 NPs showed the lowest leakage current density. Next, the solidified samples were additional dried in an oven at 40°C for 30 minutes to study its effect against room temperature. The additional drying process facilitated cross-linking on natural Aloe vera layer and consequently enhanced the dielectric properties of the natural Aloe vera with 1.5 wt% of SiO 2 NPs, whereby leakage current and dielectric constant were decreased and increased, respectively.

Topic: Dielectric materials and actuators
Subfield: Biomedical Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
A simple, ex vivo phagocytosis assay of Plasmodium vivax merozoites by flow cytometry

As phagocytosis is the first line of defense against malaria, we developed a phagocytosis assay with Plasmodium vivax (P. vivax) merozoites that can be applied to evaluate vaccine candidates. Briefly, after leukocyte removal with loosely packed cellulose powder in a syringe, P. vivax trophozoites matured to the merozoite-rich schizont stages in the presence of the E64 protease inhibitor. The Percoll gradient-enriched schizonts were chemically disrupted to release merozoites that were submitted to merozoite opsonin-dependent phagocytosis in two phagocytic lines with human and mouse antibodies against the N- and C-terminus of P. vivax Merozoite Surface Protein-1 (Nterm-PvMSP1 and MSP119). The resulting assay is simple and efficient for use as a routine phagocytic assay for the evaluation of merozoite stage vaccine candidates.

Topic: Malaria Research and Control
Subfield: Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Algebraic approximation preserving dimension

We prove that each semialgebraic subset of $\R^n$ of positive codimension can be locally approximated of any order by means of an algebraic set of the same dimension. As a consequence of previous results, algebraic approximation preserving dimension holds also for semianalytic sets.

Topic: Advanced Topics in Algebra
Subfield: Algebra and Number Theory
Field: Mathematics
Domain: Physical Sciences
Random Actions in Experimental Zero-Sum Games

A mixed strategy, a strategy of unpredictable actions, is applicable to business, politics, and sports. Playing mixed strategies, however, poses a challenge, as the game theory involves calculating probabilities and executing random actions. I test i.i.d. hypotheses of the mixed strategy Nash equilibrium with the simplest experiments in which student participants play zero-sum games in multiple iterations and possibly figure out the optimal mixed strategy (equilibrium) through the games. My results confirm that most players behave differently from the Nash equilibrium prediction for the simplest 2x2 zero-sum game (matching-pennies) and 3x3 zero-sum game (e.g., the rock-paper-scissors game). The results indicate the need to further develop theoretical models that explain a non-Nash equilibrium behavior.

Topic: Experimental Behavioral Economics Studies
Subfield: Safety Research
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Studies on Brain Antigens

Summary About 12 antigens were demonstrated in saline extracts of homogenized rat brain by immunodiffusion and immunoelectrophoresis. A brain organ antigen was discovered which appears to be species restricted. One antigen was found to be shared by similar extracts of bovine, guinea pig, human or rabbit brains. Immunoelectrophoretic analyses of the brain extracts showed this organ antigen had an α2 or β1 mobility, depending on the species from which it was derived. About nine antigens were species-specific globulins and could be partially separated from one another by diethylaminoethyl cellulose chromatography. All of these antigens were shared by the brain and different rat organs. However, one major antigen was shared by all the rat organs tested.

Topic: RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Symptomatic splenoma (hamartoma) of the spleen. A case report.

Hamartomas of the spleen (splenomas) are very rare benign tumors composed of an aberrant mixture of normal splenic elements. Herein we present a unique case of a symptomatic non-palpable splenoma in a 64-year-old female patient presented with anemia and thrombocytopenia and we describe imaging findings in ultrasound, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. To our knowledge, this is the first case of a relatively small splenic hamartoma (35 mm at histopathology) associated with thrombocytopenia and anemia that resolved completely several months after splenectomy.

Topic: Abdominal Trauma and Injuries
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Experimental Investigation of Tool Breakage in Micro Drilling of EN AW-5083 Aluminium

Nowadays micro hole drilling is more and more applied machining operation. Because of less than 1 millimeter diameter, and of the relatively high thrust force, micro drills are more easily break than conventional ones. In this paper the experiences of micro drilling tests are summarize in order to demonstrate that measuring thrust force is efficient way to recognize the tool breakage. In order to evaluate the micro drill breakage monitoring method the authors carried out experimental measurements varying the cutting conditions, too.

Topic: Advanced Machining and Optimization Techniques
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
PRK1, a receptor‐like kinase of <i>Petunia inflata</i>, is essential for postmeiotic development of pollen

Summary A pollen‐expressed gene of Petunia inflata that encodes a receptor‐like kinase named PRK1 was previously identified. The extracellular domain of PRK1 contains leucine‐rich repeats which have been implicated in protein—protein interactions, and the cytoplasmic domain was found to autophosphorylate on serine and possibly tyrosine. To investigate the function of PRK1 in pollen development, P. inflata plants were transformed with a construct containing the promoter of a pollen‐expressed gene of tomato, LAT52 , fused to an antisense PRK1 cDNA corresponding to part of the extracellular domain of PRK1. Three transgenic plants were found to each produce approximately equal amounts of normal and aborted pollen. Analysis of the inheritance of the transgene inserts in two of the transgenic plants, ASRK‐13 and ASRK‐20, to their progeny revealed that certain transgene inserts co‐segregated with the pollen abortion phenotype. Microscopic examination of the aborted pollen grains showed that their outer wall, the exine, was essentially normal, but that their cytoplasm contained only starch‐like granules. Staining of the nuclei of the microspores at different stages of anther development revealed that the microspores of the transgenic plants developed normally until the uninucleate stage. However, in subsequent stages half of the microspores completed mitosis and developed into normal binucleate pollen, but the other half initially remained uninucleate and subsequently lost their nuclei. Analysis of the amounts of PRK1 mRNA and the antisense PRK1 transcript suggested that the pollen abortion phenotype most likely resulted from downregulation of the PRK1 gene by the antisense PRK1 transgene. These results suggest that PRK1 plays an essential role in a signal transduction pathway that mediates postmeiotic development of microspores.

Topic: Plant Reproductive Biology
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
A semi-empirical model for the estimation of maximum horizontal displacement due to liquefaction-induced lateral spreading

During the 1906 San Francisco Earthquake, liquefaction-induced lateral spreading and resultant ground displacements damaged bridges, buried utilities and lifelines, conventional structures, and other developed works. This paper presents an improved engineering tool for the prediction of maximum displacement due to liquefaction-induced lateral spreading. A semi-empirical approach is employed, combining mechanistic understanding and data from laboratory testing with data and lessons from full-scale earthquake field case histories. The principle of strain potential index, based primarily on correlation of cyclic simple shear laboratory testing results with in-situ Standard Penetration Test (SPT) results, is used as an index to characterize the deformation potential of soils after they liquefy. A Bayesian probabilistic approach is adopted for development of the final predictive model, in order to take fullest advantage of the data available and to deal with the inherent uncertainties intrinsic to the back-analyses of field case histories. A case history from the 1906 San Francisco Earthquake is utilized to demonstrate the ability of the resultant semi-empirical model to estimate maximum horizontal displacement due to liquefaction-induced lateral spreading.

Topic: Geotechnical Engineering and Underground Structures
Subfield: Civil and Structural Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Development of a performance evaluation method of mechanical sand retention techniques

The production of sand from poorly consolidated formation is a problem that has plagued the oil and gas industry for a long time. The problem of sanding can be alleviated by producing under the critical flow rate that triggers sand production. However, this critical production rate is usually small and uneconomical. Therefore, some from of sand control is employed of which the mechanical sand retention, i.e. gravel pack and sand control screen are the most popular. The use of sand control devices inevitably causes decline in well productivity, which is characterized by the additional pressure drop across the device(s). The drop in productivity is often aggravated by high velocity and two-phase flow. A computer simulation program will be developed to evaluate the prodcutivity of gravel pack and sand control screen with a few assumptions such as semi-steady state flow around the wellbore, perforations are treated as perfect cylinders and the annulus between the perforation and screen is completely filled with gravel. For screen only completion, the natural sand bridging will not be considered. For the gravel pack, a three-dimensional, two-phase finite difference scheme will be developed that is capable of modelling the dispersed flow pattern, which exists in the gravel pack. The effect of turbulence would be accounted for by means of the Forschheimer's equation. A dedicated, CFD based model will be used to study the fluid flow across sand control screens. The pressure drop associated with perforations will be calculated using correlations based on the finite-element modeling. Such phenomena as partial penetration, drilling damage and perforation damage will be included. The resulting package can be used to study the effect on overall productivity of such factors as perforation density, geometry, flow rate and fluid properties.

Topic: Hydraulic Fracturing and Reservoir Analysis
Subfield: Mechanical Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
A virtual learning community supporting the general practice education and training in Australia

The range and ubiquity of freely available web-based tools has resulted in possibilities for Web 2.0 technologies to facilitate teaching activities in ways which were previously unimaginable (Boulos &amp; Wheeler, 2007). Web 2.0 technologies provide the capacity for a community of learners to support each other via web-based trusted networks, resource sharing and collaborative building of learning resources. This project has undertaken an extensive investigation of the applicability of Web 2.0 tools for the General Practice (GP) learning community. This research involved over 150 participants from 15 Australian education institutions, including medical students, GP registrars, medical educators/teachers, GP supervisors, junior doctors and International Medical Graduates (IMGs). Questionnaires, semi-structured interviews and focus group discussions were used to collect the data. The results obtained indicate the potential for a user-friendly and multifunctional digital habitat in facilitating the communication and resource sharing among different learner groups and in supporting the vertical integration of GP learners. Based on these results, a pilot model of a digital habitat, containing a range of Web 2.0 tools, has also been developed and assessed. This paper provides recommendations for a framework for future development of a digital habitat to support communities of GP learners utilising Web 2.0 technologies.

Topic: Reflective Practices in Education
Subfield: Education
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
A Pacific Culture among Wild Baboons: Its Emergence and Transmission

Reports exist of transmission of culture in nonhuman primates. We examine this in a troop of savanna baboons studied since 1978. During the mid-1980s, half of the males died from tuberculosis; because of circumstances of the outbreak, it was more aggressive males who died, leaving a cohort of atypically unaggressive survivors. A decade later, these behavioral patterns persisted. Males leave their natal troops at adolescence; by the mid-1990s, no males remained who had resided in the troop a decade before. Thus, critically, the troop's unique culture was being adopted by new males joining the troop. We describe (a) features of this culture in the behavior of males, including high rates of grooming and affiliation with females and a "relaxed" dominance hierarchy; (b) physiological measures suggesting less stress among low-ranking males; (c) models explaining transmission of this culture; and (d) data testing these models, centered around treatment of transfer males by resident females.

Topic: Primate Behavior and Ecology
Subfield: Social Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Liver lipid profiling of chemical‐induced phospholipidosis

Lipids play important roles in multiple biological processes and its disorder is well associated with diseases and injuries. Thus, lipid profiling would be a useful to understand pathophysiology of but also to identify biomarker for chemical‐induced phospholipidosis. In the present study, we used rat model to overview liver lipid profiles of two types of phospholipidosis. Hepatic phospholipidosis were induced by treatment of clomipramine (CPM), imipramine (IMI), amitriptyline (AMT) and ketoconazole (KC) for 28 days. Phospholipidosis were determined by histopathological evaluation. CPM, IMI and AMT induced phospholipidosis in hepatocyte, while KC induced phospholipidosis in bile duct. To overview liver lipid profiles, we employed recently developed lipidomics platform with liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry (LC/MS), whic hsimultaneously determine the levels of broad spectrum of lipids. In total, we determined and examined 138 lipids (62 phospholipids, 10 sphingolipids and 65 neutral lipids). Each chemical treatment have their corresponding control treated with vehicle. To identify specific lipid alterations in the liver, we employed multivariate orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis. A bis‐monophosphatidic acid (BMP) (BMP[44:12]) and several triacylglycerols (TGs) were identified as specific lipids separating control and chemical‐treated rats in all models of phospholipidosis in the liver. The levels of BMP(44:12) were increased in the liver by chemical‐induced phospholipidosis. On the other hand, several TGs were increased in the liver by CPM, IMI and AMT but decreased by KC. Therefore, increased levels of BMP is common features of hepatic phospholipidosis and alteration of TGs might be associated with zone‐specific events in the liver. Our study provides the new insight into the alteration of liver lipidprofiles which probably reflecting chemical‐induced hepatic phospholipidosis and may help to understand its pathophysiology. Support or Funding Information This work was supported by the intramural research grant of National Institute of Health Sciences and the Health and Labour Sciences Research Grants (Grantnumber H028) from the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfate of Japan.

Topic: Hermeneutics and Narrative Identity
Subfield: Philosophy
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Patterns of avoidance: political questions before international courts

Abstract International courts (ICs) have found themselves dealing with issues that are ‘political’ in nature. This paper discusses the techniques of avoidance ICs have developed to navigate such highly political or sensitive issues. The first part discusses some of the key rationales for avoidance. Drawing on the discussion of the political question doctrine in US constitutional law, it shows how ICs may justify avoidance on both principled and pragmatic grounds. It then discusses the different types of avoidance strategies employed by ICs, based on examples from the Court of Justice of the European Union, the International Court of Justice and the East African Court of Justice. ICs are rarely upfront about avoidance strategies. Rather, ICs tend to avoid cases in a more subtle fashion, relying on procedural rules to exclude a case, or by resolving the dispute in a way that avoids the most politically sensitive questions and controversies.

Topic: International Arbitration and Investment Law
Subfield: Strategy and Management
Field: Business, Management and Accounting
Domain: Social Sciences
A Comparison of Pivampicillin and Tetracycline in Exacerbations of Chronic Bronchitis

99 hospital patients suffering from acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis were studied. 50 were treated with tetracycline in a dose of 2 g daily for 10 days, and the results compared with 49 patients treated with pivampicillin in a dose of 1.4 g daily (equivalent to 1 g ampicillin). The trial was single-blind. Changes in general state were assessed, as well as purulence, quantity and bacteriology of the sputum, both during and after treatment. Side-effects were more frequent in the patients given tetracycline, especially diarrhoea. Clinical assessment showed superiority for pivampicillin against tetracycline at both the 7th and 11th day of treatment, and when measuring total overall success. Both reduction in the volume of sputum and freedom from purulent relapse were significantly better for the group of patients given pivampicillin. There was no significant difference in the bacteriological results or for the time taken for the sputum to change from purulent to mucoid in both groups. Improvement in mean pulmonary function tended to be higher with pivampicillin.

Topic: Antifungal resistance and susceptibility
Subfield: Infectious Diseases
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Acute Acalculous Cholecystitis from Infection with Epstein–Barr Virus in a Previously Healthy Child: A Case Report

Background: Acute cholecystitis is the acute inflammation of the gallbladder. In adults it is most frequently caused by a gallstone(s) obstructing outflow from the cystic duct, leading to gallbladder distention and edema with eventual development of biliary stasis and bacterial overgrowth, often requiring operative management. However, in children acalculous cholecystitis is more common and is often the result of an infectious process. Case Report: Here we present a case of acute acalculous cholecystitis caused by infection with Epstein-Barr virus in an otherwise healthy three-year-old male. Conclusion: Acalculous cholecystitis is an uncommon but potentially significant complication of Epstein-Barr virus infection in the pediatric population. Emergency providers should consider this diagnosis in any child being evaluated for EBV with the complaint of abdominal pain.

Topic: Viral-associated cancers and disorders
Subfield: Oncology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
How school size and student teacher ratio affecting the students’ mathematics achievement

Many different arguments have been offered in order to explain how social economic, student attitude and school size might affect mathematics achievement. This study focuses on explaining the importance of school size and student teacher ratio in affecting students' mathematics scores in Indonesia using data from PISA 2018. Total observations used in this study were 9,090 students from 308 schools. The multilevel analysis results showed that the higher the school size the higher the student's mathematics achievement, while in contrast with the student teacher ratio. In addition, the index of economic, social and cultural status and attitude towards school were found to be significant variables affecting the students' mathematics achievement.

Topic: Mathematics Education and Pedagogy
Subfield: Applied Mathematics
Field: Mathematics
Domain: Physical Sciences