jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
PS01.043: FACTORS EFFECT THE RESULT OF ESOPHAGEAL DILATION WITH INTRALESIONAL STEROID INJECTION IN SEVERE CORROSIVE STRICTURE PATIENTS

Abstract Background Endoscopic esophageal dilation has been the primary therapy in severe corrosive stricture. There is a few study on effectiveness of intralesional steroid injection combined with esophageal dilation. The author studied factors that may give positive or negative effect results of dilation, and may extend the indication of dilation before definite surgery. Methods The authors reviewed the complete medical records as the retrospective study of patients those underwent intralesional steroid injection combined with esophageal dilation due to severe corrosive stricture. Primary outcome is the success rate of treatment by intralesion steroid injection combined with endoscopic esophageal stricture dilation. Secondary outcome is the risk that effect result of treatment. Statistical analysis was performed using STATA version 12 for Fisher's exact, students t-test, and relative risk regression, p-value of &lt; 0.05 isconsidered as statistical significant. Results There are 55 patients was enrolled and presented with at least grade 4 of dysphagia, Marchand's grade III and IV from imaging stress review, and received intralesional steroid injection combined with endoscopic esophageal dilation. We divided patients into two groups, (1) a success esophageal dilation group (76.36%; mean number of dilation is 6 sessions/year), and (2) a failure esophageal dilation group whounderwent reconstruction surgery (23.64%). Patient characteristics including gender, age, time from transfer to the first dilation, type of corrosive agent, grading of dysphagia, number, length of lesion(s), and site of lesion(s). This study showed that gender, age, type of substance, number or length of stricture(s) had no significant difference about the result of treatment. Significant success factors are timing from first swallowing to first dilation (within 8 weeks, 78.57% success), no gastric deformity combined with esophageal stricture (90.48% success), and failure factor is the occurrence of complication during the period of treatment (69.23%) that mainly related to long segment of stricture more than 5 centimeters. Conclusion We gained high success rate in Marchand's grade III and IV by steroid injection combined with esophageal dilation. Predictors indicate that specific factor caused failure of treatment. The author extends the indication for endoscopic intervention in severe esophageal stricture before decision to do reconstructive surgery. Disclosure All authors have declared no conflicts of interest.

Topic: Esophageal and GI Pathology
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
A new species of Antarctobius Fairmaire from Islas Malvinas (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Cyclominae)

Abstract A new species of the genus Antarctobius Fairmaire (1885) from Islas Malvinas (Falkland Islands) is described and illustrated: A. malvinensis Posadas and Morrone n. sp. (type locality: East Falkland, Mt. Usborne). A key to the species of the genus is presented. A cladistic analysis of the species of Antarctobius, based on 25 characters from the external morphology, genitalia, and body vestiture, is undertaken. The resulting cladogram shows the following sequence: ((A. lacunosus (A. hyadesii, A. vulsus) (A. malvinensis (A. yefacel, A. bidentatus (A. rugirostris (A. abditus (A. germaini, A. falklandicus))))))).

Topic: Coleoptera Taxonomy and Distribution
Subfield: Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Additional file 2: of Human cleaving embryos enable robust homozygotic nucleotide substitutions by base editors

Figure S1. Highly increased base-editing efficiency in cleaving human embryos compared with zygote. Figure S2. Improved base-editing efficiency in human cleaving embryos with ABEs. Figure S3. Frequency of indel mutations and off-targeted nucleotide substitutions in human embryos injected by base editors. Figure S4. Targeting homozygous loci in human embryos with base editors. Figure S5. Identification of SNPs in the patient distinguishing MUT c.299A&gt;G from WT allele. Figure S6. Cleaving embryos have a higher level of GFP fluorescence than one-cell embryo 24â h post-mRNA injection. Figure S7. Comparison results of base editing in human embryos in two studies. (PDF 1771 kb)

Topic: CRISPR and Genetic Engineering
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Karol V: Cesarz z ludzką twarzą. Uwagi na marginesie książki Henry’ego Kamena, Carlos Emperador. Vida del rey césar, trad. del inglés de Paz Pruneda, La Esfera de los Libros, Madrid 2017, ss. 465

In this paper, the author undertakes a critical analysis of the findings relat-ing to the life and reign of Charles V, contained in the monarch’s biography by the English historian Henry Kamen. Particular attention is paid here to those elements of biographical narrative in which Kamen does not go beyond the established interpretive canon (as in the case of the imperial election of 1519 and rivalry with Francis I), those which go against predominant views (e.g. the question of the Reformation or Charles’ relationship with his mother), as well as the most controversial assertions (American policy, for instance). The chief intention of the author, who confronts the findings and the opinions expressed by Kamen with the interpretations of other researchers, is to address and fill some of the gaps in the Polish discourse concerning Charles V, where the es-tablished stereotypes surrounding the emperor continue to the iterated.

Topic: Polish Historical and Cultural Studies
Subfield: Political Science and International Relations
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Increasing Teacher Educators' Access and Use of Instructional and Web-Based Technologies in Sub-Saharan Africa

While teacher educators in Sub-Saharan Africa have increased access to information and communication technology (ICT), there is a lack of empirical research that describes the detail of educators' use of technology. This chapter addresses the gap in the literature with an exploratory mixed method study in a region of Nigeria. Researchers developed a survey to collect quantitative data from 190 teacher educators and added data from 10 interviewees to verify and the survey findings. The survey assessed the types of technologies in use and the demographics of teachers who use them. As expected, use is dependent on access, and overall access was high. Demographic differences in use were not great, but women were slightly more accepting than men, and more recent graduates more accepting than older ones. Teachers overall were moderately comfortable with technology. Researchers did not collect data about enabling factors like technical support or professional development. This suggests that next steps would be to define instructional software and assess technical support needs.

Topic: Online and Blended Learning
Subfield: Education
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Permeation studies of atenolol and metoprolol tartrate from three different polymer matrices for transdermal delivery

Since oral bioavailability of atenolol and metoprolol tartrate is poor, different matrix -type transdermal patches incorporating atenolol and metoprolol tartrate were formulated with an objective to study the effect of polymers on transdermal release of the drugs. The polymers selected were polyvinylpyrrolidone, cellulose acetate phthalate, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose phthalate and ethyl cellulose. The patches were formulated using combination of polymers and propylene glycol and 1,8-cineole as plasticizer and penetration enhancer, respectively. The physico-chemical evaluation of the polymer matrices was performed for suitability. The interaction among various components of the matrices was studied by performing Differential Scanning Calorimetry and Scanning Electron Micrography of the formulated patches. In vitro permeation studies were performed using rat abdominal skin as the permeating membrane in Keshary-Chien cell. The results indicated that maximum release was obtained at 48 h (85% and 44% of atenolol and metoprolol tartrate, respectively). The drug permeation studies across cadaver skin showed about 27% of reduction in the amount of drug release as that compared to rat abdominal skin was used.

Topic: Advancements in Transdermal Drug Delivery
Subfield: Pharmaceutical Science
Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics
Domain: Life Sciences
Water Quality Monitoring of Halali Reservoir with Reference to Cage Aquaculture as a Modern Tool for Obtaining Enhanced Fish Production

Most of the Indian reservoir are not properly tapped as hardly 50% of their potential is exploited for fish. Halali reservoir is one of the most important reservoir, which is 40Km away from capital city of Madhya - Pradesh, Bhopal. Fish productivity of the reservoir is less than 40kg / ha. . Water spread area of the reservoir is 5959 ha. Catchment area is 699sq. km., with maximum depth of 30mt. Limnological study were carried from November2004 to March 2007. The range of different limnological parameter were observed such as dissolved oxygen 6.0-9.2 mg /lit., free Carbon Dioxide Nil-8.0 mg /lit., pH 7.8-8.8 , Transparency 52-140cms. Chloride 18-60 mg/lit., total alkalinity 90-160mg/lit., total hardness 80-150 mg/lit. Plankton density 1.4-3.0ml/50lit.,and macrophytes and macro benthos were also identified. In the present study two units of 8 cages were installed in the reservoir. The size of each cage was3x3x3 mts. The cage was made of High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) square mesh netting of 6 m m . Sizes used for raising advanced fry to fingerling and 15 mm. size for raising table size fish from advanced fingerlings . For proper growth specially formulated feed were given by using specially designed floating tray in cages. Indian Major Carps namely Catla catla, Labeo rohita , were used as candidate species for growth and survival in cage experiment & it was observed that growth rate varied from 0.54 to 2.03 mm/day and survival rate form 57.9 to 80.6% in different experiments, seasons, duration and different size of fry/ fingerlings. Fingerlings are reared above 100mm size in cages and are then released into the reservoir for further growth which supports the high rate of survival ; as a result the production of the reservoir can be increased .This technology is an eco friendly technology.

Topic: Fish Biology and Ecology Studies
Subfield: Aquatic Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
The “priests” of East Cape: A religious movement on the Chukchi Peninsula during the 1920s and 1930s

Recently broadened fieldwork opportunities in Siberia have not only enabled the study of current social and cultural processes, but also facilitated a re-assessment of previous periods of rapid social change. One of those was, undoubtedly, the decade following the Russian Revolution, when Russians and other outsiders significantly increased their impact in many areas of Siberia. Fieldwork conducted during the 1990s has provided evidence of a previously unrecognised phenomenon, namely the existence of a syncretistic system of worldview and ritual practice in the Siberian Yupik village Naukan. Similar to so-called “revitalisation movements” elsewhere, it can be interpreted as a reaction to increasing Russian colonial pressure. The present paper attempts to situate the Naukan movement in its cultural and political contexts, in order to provide a post-colonial reading of early 20th century transformations.

Topic: Religious Studies and Spiritual Practices
Subfield: Philosophy
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Commentary

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal

Topic: Healthcare Policy and Management
Subfield: Economics and Econometrics
Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance
Domain: Social Sciences
A CASE OF RUPTURE OF AN ANEURYSM OF THE INFERIOR PANCREATICODUODENAL ARTERY

症例は74歳, 男性. 突然の上腹部痛を主訴に当院救急外来に搬送された. 来院時, 上腹部に自発痛と圧痛を認めた. 血液検査所見は軽度の貧血を認めるのみであった. 腹部CTでは膵頭部背側から上腸間膜動脈右側の後腹膜腔内に血腫を認め胃十二指腸動脈またはその周辺の分枝からの出血が疑われた. そのため緊急血管造影を施行したところ, 下膵十二指腸動脈に動脈瘤を認めその部位から血管外漏出像が描出された. 同部位を出血源と考え経カテーテル的コイル塞栓術 (TAE) を施行し止血を行った. 術後16日目に軽快退院となった. 膵十二指腸動脈瘤破裂による治療は診断につづけて施行でき, 低侵襲性であることから現在ではTAEが第一選択となっている. TAEで治療しえた膵十二指腸動脈瘤破裂の1例を経験したので報告する.

Topic: Abdominal vascular conditions and treatments
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Spying on Canadians: The Royal Canadian Mounted Police Security Service and the Origins of the Long Cold War

Award winning author Gregory S. Kealey's study of Canada's security and intelligence community before the end of World War II depicts a nation caught up in the Red Scare in the aftermath of the Bolshevik Revolution and tangled up with the imperial interests of first the United Kingdom and then the United States. Spying on Canadians brings together over twenty five years of research and writing about political policing in Canada. Through itse use of the Dominion Police and later the RCMP, Canada repressed the labour movement and the political left in defense of capital. The collection focuses on three themes; the nineteenth-century roots of political policing in Canada, the development of a national security system in the twentieth-century, and the ongoing challenges associated with research in this area owing to state secrecy and the inadequacies of access to information legislation. This timely collection alerts all Canadians to the need for the vigilant defence of civil liberties and human rights in the face of the ever increasing intrusion of the state into our private lives in the name of countersubversion and counterterrorism

Topic: Canadian Identity and History
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Enzymatic estimation of infarct size during reperfusion.

Infarct size estimated enzymatically is an objective end point for assessing interventions in patients with acute myocardial infarction and correlates with acute and long-term morbidity and mortality. However, there is concern whether such estimates are reliable in the setting of reperfusion. Reperfusion during experimental infarction and clinically with streptokinase is associated with higher plasma creatine kinase (CK) levels that peak much earlier than with sustained occlusion, indicating a more rapid release rate. In this report, experimental derivation of the parameters for estimating infarct size--myocardial CK distribution and content, CK depletion, plasma CK disappearance rate and the release ratio--are presented, together with the experimental and clinical validation of these estimates. The close correlation between myocardial CK depletion and morphometric estimates of infarct size (r = .92), which provides the basis for enzymatic estimation of infarct size, remains valid during experimental reperfusion. Plasma CK activity (100-5000 IU/l) assayed before and after incubation of streptokinase (5000 U/ml for 30 minutes at 37 degrees C) showed less than 5% variation. Plasma CK disappearance (kd) in the conscious dog before and during infusion of streptokinase (20,000 U/hour) were identical. The CK release ratio has not been determined during streptokinase therapy or experimental reperfusion, but in the experimental animal during early reperfusion, infarct size was overestimated by the plasma CK method compared with histologic estimates. Despite the overestimation, enzymatic estimates still correlate closely with histologic estimates (r = .90). The presence of a close correlation despite sudden complete early restoration of flow suggests that with the appropriate experimentally determined correction factors, one can obtain reliable enzymatic estimates of infarct size to assess the efficacy of streptokinase.

Topic: Acute Myocardial Infarction Research
Subfield: Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis of functional changes of the brain in menstrual disorders: a review

INTRODUCTION: Currently, the most common variant of the reproductive system disorders, in particular menstrual cycle disorders, in adolescent girls is oligomenorrhea. In situations after a complete diagnostic screening no organic and endocrine pathology of the reproductive system is detected in this group of patients, it is possible to conduct functional MRI as a method of identifying cause-and-effect relationships and clarifying the pathogenesis of menstrual disorders. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the available foreign and domestic literature to determine the role of magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis of functional brain changes in menstrual disorders in adolescent girls. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A search was conducted for scientific publications in the information and analytical systems PubMed and Google Scholar for 2013–2023 by keywords: «resting-state functional MRI» («functional resting MRI»), «oligomenorrhhea» («oligomenorrhea»), «adolescent girls» («teenage girls»), «reproductive system functional disorders» («functional disorders of the reproductive system»), «magnetic resonance imaging» («magnetic resonance imaging»), «diagnostic radiology» («radiation diagnostics»). 46 publications related to the diagnosis of functional brain changes in menstrual disorders in the form of resting state fMRI were analyzed. RESULTS: Resting state fMRI allows us to assess the basic brain activity in the absence of certain sensory or cognitive stimuli and visualize working networks that include various parts of the brain demonstrating synchronous changes in the BOLD-signal at rest. There are a number of patterns of changes in the BOLD-signal that can be observed in various phases of the menstrual cycle, as well as under the influence of stress factors, which makes it possible to visualize the morphological substrate of oligomenorrhea that occurs against the background of the absence of organic and endocrine pathology of the reproductive system in adolescent girls. Currently, there is little data in the scientific literature on the use of functional resting MRI in this cohort of patients, however, this method can have a significant impact on the formation of an individual plan for the correction of reproductive disorders in adolescence, and therefore requires further study. CONCLUSION: The use of fMRI can open up new possibilities in the diagnosis of functional brain disorders in girls with «unexplained» oligomenorrhea.

Topic: Functional Brain Connectivity Studies
Subfield: Cognitive Neuroscience
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences
Effect of prophylactic dressings to reduce pressure injuries: a polymer-based skin model

Objective: This study evaluated the effect of pressure injury (PI) prophylactic dressings used for patients at high risk of PI development to reduce friction, shear force and pressure, and their combined force, in an original polymer-based skin model. Method: A low-friction outer-layer hydrocolloid (LFH) dressing and a multilayered silicone foam (MSF) dressing were used. Before application, compression and friction properties were measured. Our original experimental model—the ‘simulated skin-shearing test’—consisted of: a weight; a polyurethane-based skin model containing a three-axis tactile sensor; dressings; a table covered with bedsheets; and a mechanical tester, by which the interface friction force, internal shear force and pressure were measured continuously during skin model movements. An estimated combined force generated by internal shear and pressure was represented as a vector. A model with no dressing was used as a control. Results: The LFH dressing had significantly higher compression strength versus the MSF dressing. In contrast, the dynamic coefficient of friction was lower for the LFH dressing versus the MSF dressing (p&lt;0.05). In simulated skin-shearing test results, shear forces were 0.45N and 0.42N for LFH and MSF dressings, respectively, with no significant difference. The estimated combined force was lower for the MSF dressing compared with that of the LFH dressing and control. Conclusion: The shear force-reducing effect in the skin model was equivalent between the LFH and MSF dressings. However, the MSF dressing significantly reduced the force generated by a combination of internal shear force and pressure compared with the LFH dressing.

Topic: Pressure Ulcer Prevention and Management
Subfield: Occupational Therapy
Field: Health Professions
Domain: Health Sciences
Detection of Colistin Resistant E. coli in Children at Pediatric Hospital of Assiut University, Using Phenotypic and Genotypic Methods

Antibioticresistance among Enterobacteriaceae is steadily increasing, posing a serious threat, particularly in developing countries.The most pressing need, especially in developing nations, is for an effective, low-cost antibacterial agent that may be administered safely to treat children with diarrhea [2].Carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae are among clinically important multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens.These bacteria usually remain susceptible to polymyxins, an old family of antimicrobial agents which were of little use in the 1970s due to their potential toxicity, attention for polymyxins (polymyxin B and colistin) has been

Topic: Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria
Subfield: Molecular Medicine
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Protons from carbon ion fragmentation at 0.3–2.0 GeV/nucleon: Comparison with models of ion-ion interactions

Yields of protons at 3.5° from carbon ion fragmentation at energies of T 0 = 0.3, 0.6, 0.95, and 2.0 GeV/nucleon on a Be target were measured in the FRAGM experiment at TWA-ITEP heavy-ion facility. Proton momentum spectra cover both the region of the fragmentation maximum and the cumulative region. The differential cross sections span six orders of its magnitude. The spectra are compared with the predictions of four models of ion-ion interactions: LAQGSM03.03, SHIELD-HIT, QMD, and BC.

Topic: Particle physics theoretical and experimental studies
Subfield: Nuclear and High Energy Physics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences