jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Putting into Practice: Tree Pattern Evaluation Using SAX

In this chapter, we learn how to build an evaluation engine for tree-pattern queries, using the SAX (Simple API for XML) programming model. We thereby follow a dual goal: (i) improve our understanding of XML query languages and (ii) become familiar with SAX, a stream parser for XML, with an event-driven API. Recall that the main features of SAX were presented in Section 1.4.2.

Topic: Advanced Database Systems and Queries
Subfield: Computer Networks and Communications
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Soft tissue responses to differential shapes of the implant abutment

Many clinical studies have documented high success rates of dental implant therapy. 1,2 When success has been evaluated in these studies, following specific criteria have been included; lack of mobility, absence of persistent infection or discomfort, lack of pain, and absence of continuous periapical radiolucency. Most of these criteria are designed to evaluate osseointegration of the implant and provide little information related to the soft tissue.1) Recently, many studies documented the soft tissues around dental implants. In a series of studies of the dog model, Berglundh et al. found that the structure and function of the keratinized, non-mobile gingiva and the corresponding periimplant mucosa were observed around implants . 4,6,12 The gingiva around natural teeth and periimplant mucosa were found to have many features in common. But, the majority of the fibers at the implant sites occurred in an avascular compartment and were apparently anchored in the periosteum of the bone crest. In another experiment in the dog, it was observed that the mucosal barrier that formed following successful 1-and 2-stage implant installations had similar composition. It was comprised of zone of junctional epithelium and zone of connective tissue. They suggested that a certain width of the periimplant mucosa is required to enable a proper epithelial connective tissue attachment. And, if this soft tissue dimension is not satisfied, bone-resorption will occur to ensure

Topic: Dental Implant Techniques and Outcomes
Subfield: Oral Surgery
Field: Dentistry
Domain: Health Sciences
Use of Mycobacterial Culture for the Diagnosis of Smear Negative TB Cases Among New Outpatients at NIDCH, Dhaka

In this prospective study out of 300 randomly selected clinically and/or radiologically suspected TB patients ultimately data of 277 cases were analyzed. Among 23 excluded cases, 6 were positive by microscopy, 5 responded with broad spectrum antibiotics, and 12 were contaminated. After 2 months follow up with anti TB drugs, a total of 124 TB cases were diagnosed of which 121 (44%)were culture positive. Three cases were diagnosed by empirical anti TB treatment. A total of 153 cases were true negative by mycobacterial culture. Of 121 isolates 119 were typical and 2 were atypical mycobacteria. In this group, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of mycobacterial culture were 97.63%, 100%, 100% and 98.1% respectively. Among the culture proven cases; 79% were prevalent in male and 21% in female. Case positivity was significantly higher among patient having symptoms of cough with hemophtysis with or without fever(58%) than the patients with constitutional symptoms. No advanced or cavitary lesions were seen on X-ray among culture proven cases. Majority culture proven cases(72%) had minimal lesion on X-ray. After two months anti TB therapy 119 culture proven cases and three culture negative cases improved clinically and radiologically.Bangladesh J Med Microbiol 2010; 03 (02): 23-26

Topic: Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology
Subfield: Infectious Diseases
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Intraspecific patterns of ectoparasite abundances on Paraguayan bats: effects of host sex and body size

Abstract: Although levels of parasitism can vary greatly among individual bats of the same species, little is known about the characteristics of hosts that affect such variation. Bats were captured via mist nets from June 1995 to July 1997 from 28 localities throughout Paraguay. Over 17 500 ectoparasites were collected from 2909 bats; however, analyses of ectoparasite abundance were restricted to more abundant taxa of host and ectoparasite. We quantified the abundances of 29 taxa of ectoparasite on 19 species of bat host, as well as total abundance of ectoparasites regardless of taxonomic affiliation for 22 species of bat from Paraguay. The effects of host sex and host body size on these estimates of ectoparasite abundance were evaluated separately for each species of host. Ectoparasites did not respond consistently to host body size: ectoparasite abundance increased with host body size in 12 instances and decreased with host body size in 11 instances. Regardless of the existence or direction of effects of host body size on ectoparasite abundance, female hosts generally harboured more ectoparasites than did male hosts. Differences in host quality associated with the sex of bats, especially those related to behaviour, may be a more important determinant of ectoparasite abundance than are differences in size. Opportunities for host transfer are critical for species persistence of ectoparasites; consequently, ectoparasite populations on host individuals that form social groups or colonies should be larger, less prone to stochastic extinction, and have greater opportunity for speciation.

Topic: Bat Biology and Ecology Studies
Subfield: Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Ultrafast Saturable Absorption of Two-Dimensional MoS<sub>2</sub> Nanosheets

Employing high-yield production of layered materials by liquid-phase exfoliation, molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) dispersions with large populations of single and few layers were prepared. Electron microscopy verified the high quality of the two-dimensional MoS2 nanostructures. Atomic force microscopy analysis revealed that ~39% of the MoS2 flakes had thicknesses of less than 5 nm. Linewidth and frequency difference of the E(1)2g and A1g Raman modes confirmed the effective reduction of flake thicknesses from the bulk MoS2 to the dispersions. Ultrafast nonlinear optical (NLO) properties were investigated using an open-aperture Z-scan technique. All experiments were performed using 100 fs pulses at 800 nm from a mode-locked Ti:sapphire laser. The MoS2 nanosheets exhibited significant saturable absorption (SA) for the femtosecond pulses, resulting in the third-order NLO susceptibility Imχ((3)) ~ 10(-15) esu, figure of merit ~10(-15) esu cm, and free-carrier absorption cross section ~10(-17) cm(2). Induced free carrier density and the relaxation time were estimated to be ~10(16) cm(-3) and ~30 fs, respectively. At the same excitation condition, the MoS2 dispersions show better SA response than the graphene dispersions.

Topic: Nonlinear Optical Materials Studies
Subfield: Biomedical Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
ENHANCED TRANSFER FROM SUSPENSION TO POROUS BOUNDARIES

Abstract The flow of suspensions parallel to porous surfaces is typical to engineering and biological systems. In some cases the flow is associated with transfer of mass. This paper considers the effect of the presence of rigid particles near the porous boundary. The kinematic response of the particles to the viscous stresses imposed by the flowing fluid results in streamlines which penetrate the permeable boundary, thus providing a convective enhancement of the rate of transfer. This mechanism is totally absent with boundaries impermeable to flow. The general equations are developed and the important dimensionless parameters are defined. A particular example concerning linear shear flow past a catalytic boundary is evaluated.

Topic: Heat and Mass Transfer in Porous Media
Subfield: Computational Mechanics
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Application of Internet + Big Data and Artificial Intelligence in Vocational Education

Internet + platforms lead the application of big data and artificial intelligence to ordinary users, with reduced costs of technology. Meanwhile, they have driven professional education to update courses and promote efficiency of talents cultivation. The curriculum system of vocational education needs to consider the application of new technologies comprehensively to ensure the availability of knowledge and ability structure of personnel training. To achieve the goal, the application methods and approaches of teaching and practice with big data and artificial intelligence in vocational education are explored and researched; practice of innovative application in software technology are illustrated. It is expected to help promote the reform and development of vocational education and speedup cultivation of innovative and entrepreneurial talents.

Topic: AI and HR Technologies
Subfield: Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management
Field: Business, Management and Accounting
Domain: Social Sciences
Supplementary Figure S1 from Enzymatic Inactivation of Endogenous IgG by IdeS Enhances Therapeutic Antibody Efficacy

&lt;p&gt;SDS-PAGE separation of plasma treated with 10 Ãƒâ€šÃ,âµg/mL IdeS&lt;/p&gt;

Topic: Immunodeficiency and Autoimmune Disorders
Subfield: Immunology
Field: Immunology and Microbiology
Domain: Life Sciences
RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access

Background: Arctium lappa, known as burdock, is widely used in popular medicine for hypertension, gout, hepatitis and other inflammatory disorders. Pharmacological studies indicated that burdock roots have hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory, free radical scavenging and antiproliferative activities. The aim of this study was to evaluate total phenolic content, radical scavenging activity by DPPH and in vitro antiproliferative activity of different A. lappa root extracts. Methods: Hot and room temperature dichloromethanic, ethanolic and aqueous extracts; hydroethanolic and total aqueous extract of A. lappa roots were investigated regarding radical scavenging activity by DPPH, total phenolic content by Folin-Ciocalteau method and antiproliferative in vitro activity was evaluated in human cancer cell lines. The hydroethanolic extract analyzed by high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectroscopy. Results: Higher radical scavenging activity was found for the hydroethanolic extract. The higher phenolic contents were found for the dichloromethane, obtained both by Soxhlet and maceration extraction and hydroethanolic extracts. The HRESI-MS demonstrated the presence of arctigenin, quercetin, chlorogenic acid and caffeic acid compounds, which were identified by comparison with previous data. The dichloromethane extracts were the only extracts that exhibited activity against cancer cell lines, especially for K562, MCF-7 and 786-0 cell lines.

Topic: Plant-derived Lignans Synthesis and Bioactivity
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Codex Climaci Rescriptus: Ladder of Ascent by John Climacus, MS.000149.1-.86

[Text Description:] Codex Climaci Rescriptus: Syriac translation of Ladder of Divine Ascent by John Climacus, upper text ❧ [Text or Publication Number Note:] MS.000149.1-.86 ❧ [Excavation Description:] Found at St. Catherine's Monastery ❧ [Medium:] Parchment ❧ [Script Note:] Syriac ❧ [Physical Object Description:] 137 folios; 9.06 x 14.56 in. (23 x 37 cm); vellum with ink ❧ [Physical Object Note:] Palimpsest

Topic: Microbial Natural Products and Biosynthesis
Subfield: Pharmacology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Actresses and Actors: The Effects of Sex on Causal Attributions

Four experiments were conducted to explore the effects of actor sex on causal attributions for performance. Perceivers were found to rely more heavily on personal factors to explain the cause of women's behavior and to rely more heavily on environmental' factors to explain the 'cause of men's behavior. The impact of behavioral expectancies based on category membership (male or female) was also demonstrated. The implications of these sex-linked attributional tendencies on perceivers' search for causal information were tested and discussed. The results obtained may provide a partial explanation for the differential treatment of women and men despite the fact that their actual behavior is frequently the same.

Topic: Social and Intergroup Psychology
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Participal adjectives: English students' perception

Participles can function both as verbs and as adjectives and that gives rise to many borderline cases of participial words. There have been many tests created for the purpose of distinguishing between participial adjectives and participles as verbs, but none of them are comprehensive enough for this purpose to be fulfilled. Among the two types, passive participles are semantically closer to adjectives, as opposed to active participles, whose more verbal sense lessens their adjectival potential. The present study examined how undergraduate students of English perceive active (-ing) and passive (-ed) participles and what factors influence their perception. The results showed that passive participles are considered more adjectival than their active counterparts, as well as that participles as premodifiers are considered more adjectival than the postmodifying ones.

Topic: Second Language Acquisition and Learning
Subfield: Developmental and Educational Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Enhancing the Interpretability of SHAP Values Using Large Language Models

Model interpretability is crucial for understanding and trusting the decisions made by complex machine learning models, such as those built with XGBoost. SHAP (SHapley Additive exPlanations) values have become a popular tool for interpreting these models by attributing the output to individual features. However, the technical nature of SHAP explanations often limits their utility to researchers, leaving non-technical end-users struggling to understand the model's behavior. To address this challenge, we explore the use of Large Language Models (LLMs) to translate SHAP value outputs into plain language explanations that are more accessible to non-technical audiences. By applying a pre-trained LLM, we generate explanations that maintain the accuracy of SHAP values while significantly improving their clarity and usability for end users. Our results demonstrate that LLM-enhanced SHAP explanations provide a more intuitive understanding of model predictions, thereby enhancing the overall interpretability of machine learning models. Future work will explore further customization, multimodal explanations, and user feedback mechanisms to refine and expand the approach.

Topic: Natural Language Processing Techniques
Subfield: Artificial Intelligence
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Pages of Poison

In the 19th century, arsenic was a commonly used additive and colourant found in paper, clothing, household goods, personal products, and even confectionary items. Although most of these toxic products have long been removed from public consumption, books created using copper acetoarsenite, a green pigment, remain in our libraries and personal collections, with potential health implications. This article focuses on identifying 19th-century books in the Queen’s University Library, Kingston, suspected to contain copper acetoarsenite or emerald green. Based on visual identification, 150 books published between 1797 and 1900 were selected from the collections for X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectroscopy testing to detect the arsenical colourant. Results revealed that 28 books tested contained significant amounts of arsenic in their bookcloth, covering paper, surface decoration, endpapers, or fore-edges. These findings underscore the necessity to implement proper handling and storage protocols and conservation strategies to mitigate the risk of arsenic exposure to library staff, researchers, and patrons. Moreover, this research contributes to the broader understanding of arsenic’s impact on cultural heritage preservation, highlighting the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration between librarians, conservators, archivists, historians, and scientists. By documenting and addressing arsenic contamination in library collections, institutions can safeguard the well-being of individuals interacting with these materials while preserving these cultural heritage items for the future.

Topic: Cultural Heritage Materials Analysis
Subfield: Archeology
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Clinical Signs, Causes, and Risk Factors of Pediatric Kidney Stone Disease: A Hospital-Based Case-Control Study

Background: Nephrolithiasis in children is an important cause of morbidity worldwide. The current retrospective study aims at identifying epidemiological characteristics and risk factors of nephrolithiasis among children under 18 years old attending at nephrology clinic of Amir Kabir hospital of Arak, Iran, in 2014. Methods: The current case-control study was conducted among 166 children in 2 equal groups of cases (with nephrolithiasis) and controls (without kidney stone). Clinical and paraclinical characteristics of children along with their sociodemographic and risk factors were collected. Data were analyzed by SPSS version 20 using Chi-square test and logistic regression analysis. Results: The current study showed that the most common symptoms of pediatric nephrolithiasis included fever (81.1%), urine discoloration (8.4%), pain (6%) and dysuria (3.6%). Urinary tract infection (42.2%) was the most common cause to seek medical care. The present study findings revealed series of predicative factors for nephrolithiasis including father's occupation, growth retardation, type of nutrition during infancy, weight-for-age percentile, body mass index (BMI), and gestational age. Conclusions: Findings of the current study, which require further consideration, identified common symptoms of nephrolithiasis in children. Future studies are greatly recommended to investigate risk factors of pediatric nephrolithiasis along with confounders in studies with a larger sample size.

Topic: Kidney Stones and Urolithiasis Treatments
Subfield: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Value Co-Creation in the Sharing Economy Platform: The Role of Ethical Perceptions

This study aims to determine the effects of consumer participation on value co-creation with consumers’ ethical perceptions as a mediation of the sharing economy platform in Indonesia. The research design used a quantitative method with a descriptive approach. The sampling technique used convenience sampling with 287 respondents. A questionnaire was utilized as the data collecting technique. SmartPLS was applied as the analysis tool. The results showed that consumer participation has a significant effect on ethical perceptions and value co-creation and ethical perceptions affect value co-creation significantly. Furthermore, this research proof that ethical perceptions mediate the positive relationship between value co-creation on the sharing economy platform in Indonesia. This research enrich and strengthen the role of consumer ethical perceptions and consumer participation in creating value co-creation that provides value for both consumers and service providers based on Service-Dominant Logic (Vargo and Lusch, 2008).

Topic: Sharing Economy and Platforms
Subfield: Marketing
Field: Business, Management and Accounting
Domain: Social Sciences
On biaccessible points of the Mandelbrot set

This paper provides a description for the quadratic polynomials on the boundary of the Mandelbrot set $\mathcal M$ which are typical in the sense of harmonic measure. In particular, it is shown that a typical point on the boundary of $\mathcal M$ has a unique parameter ray landing on it. Applications of this result in the study of embedded arcs in $\mathcal M$ and the lamination associated with $\mathcal M$ are given.

Topic: Mathematical Dynamics and Fractals
Subfield: Mathematical Physics
Field: Mathematics
Domain: Physical Sciences
UV radiation induced DNA damage in marine viruses along a latitudinal gradient in the southeastern Pacific Ocean

AME Aquatic Microbial Ecology Contact the journal Facebook Twitter RSS Mailing List Subscribe to our mailing list via Mailchimp HomeLatest VolumeAbout the JournalEditorsSpecials AME 31:1-8 (2003) - doi:10.3354/ame031001 UV radiation induced DNA damage in marine viruses along a latitudinal gradient in the southeastern Pacific Ocean Steven W. Wilhelm1,*, Wade H. Jeffrey2, Amanda L. Dean1, Jarah Meador3, J. Dean Pakulski2, David L. Mitchell3 1Department of Microbiology, The University of Tennessee, 1414 West Cumberland, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA 2Center for Environmental Diagnostics, The University of West Florida, 11000 University Parkway, Pensacola, Florida 32514, USA 3The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Department of Carcinogenesis, Park Road 1, Smithville, Texas 78957, USA *Email: wilhelm@utk.edu ABSTRACT: UV radiation induced DNA damage (inferred from cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers, CPDs) in native marine virus communities was examined at 12 locations along a latitudinal transect from 41°S to 3°N in the southeastern Pacific Ocean. Surface waters were collected prior to sunrise each day and placed in UV transparent incubators kept at in situ seawater temperatures. A replicate treatment was prefiltered through a 0.2 μm filter to remove microbial host cells. Both treatments were exposed to ambient solar radiation until approximately 1 h before sunset. At the end of the day, the virus fraction was collected from each sample by filtration and concentration. DNA damage was determined in each fraction and compared to DNA damage in pre-dawn samples as well as DNA dosimeters exposed to an entire solar day¹s influence. CPDs in dosimeters and integrated solar irradiance were very highly correlated, as was DNA damage in the pre-sunrise virus community and latitude. A reduction in host cell abundance resulted in no consistent pattern or change in the CPD induction of virus particles, suggesting minimal host mediated repair in this natural virus community. The low daily induction of damage in virus incubations combined with the high residual damage suggests that the sunrise damage levels were the result of DNA damage accumulation over numerous days, indicating a long residence time for virus particles in surface waters in this region. KEY WORDS: Virus · DNA damage · Cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers · Southeastern Pacific Ocean · Marine microbiology Full text in pdf format NextExport citation RSS - Facebook - Tweet - linkedIn Cited by Published in AME Vol. 31, No. 1. Online publication date: February 13, 2003 Print ISSN: 0948-3055; Online ISSN: 1616-1564 Copyright © 2003 Inter-Research.

Topic: Bacteriophages and microbial interactions
Subfield: Ecology
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences