jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
In Search of the Magic Lasso: The Truth About the Polygraph

In the wake of controversy over allegations of espionage by Wen Ho Lee, a nuclear scientist at the Department of Energy’s Los Alamos National Laboratory, the department ordered that polygraph tests be given to scientists working in similar positions. Soon thereafter, at the request of Congress, the department asked the National Research Council (NRC) to conduct a thorough study of polygraph testing’s ability to distinguish accurately between lying and truth-telling across a variety of settings and examinees, even in the face of countermeasures that may be employed to defeat the test. This paper tells some of the story of the work of the Committee to Review the Scientific Evidence on the Polygraph, its report and the reception of that report by the U.S. government and Congress.

Topic: Intelligence, Security, War Strategy
Subfield: Political Science and International Relations
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Feeding low dietary levels of organic trace minerals improves broiler performance and reduces excretion of minerals in litter

1. This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of organic and inorganic trace minerals in diets fed to 1872, one-day-old male Ross 708 broiler chicks. Two sources of supplemental trace minerals (inorganic or organic) and four trace minerals levels (12.5%, 25.0%, 37.5% or 50.0%) plus a positive control containing inorganic minerals at 100% of recommended levels according to Brazilian industry standards, were used in the diets. 2. When analysed with mineral source as the main factor, broilers fed diets containing organic minerals had better feed conversion (FCR) throughout the trial, until 48 d of age (1.754 organic <i>vs</i>. 1.783 inorganic; P < 0.05), improved liveability at 48 d (95.8% organic <i>vs</i>. 93.6% inorganic; P < 0.05) and higher weight gain at 48 d (3.941 kg organic <i>vs</i>. 3.881 kg inorganic; P < 0.05) compared to the inorganic trace mineral diets. At lower dietary inclusion levels (12.5% and 25%) the organic mineral-fed birds had a four-point improvement in FCR (P < 0.05). 3. Feeding organic minerals improved tibial ash at 48 d from 49.5% to 51.25% (P < 0.05). The P and Ca in the tibia at 48 d were significantly (P < 0.05) higher for the birds fed organic minerals (Ca: 17.4% <i>vs</i>. 18.7%; P: 8.8% <i>vs</i>. 9.4%, respectively). The lower levels of trace minerals in feed reduced the mineral concentration of Zn, Cu and Mn in the faeces and, hence, in the litter (P < 0.05). 4. Feeding organic minerals promoted a small, but statistically significant, drop in pH of breast meat compared to inorganic minerals at 48 d (5.83 <i>vs</i>. 5.86, respectively; P < 0.05). The organic mineral diets reduced drip loss in breast meat compared to inorganic trace mineral supplementation at 32 d of age, but not in older birds (2.46% <i>vs</i>. 3.77%, respectively; P < 0.05). 5. Oxidation status, measured by superoxide dismutase activity in breast muscle at 48 d of age, significantly increased with mineral inclusion levels (P < 0.001), irrespective of source. 6. It was concluded that the use of organic minerals, even at low levels in the diet, is beneficial for broiler performance and reduces the excretion of minerals in litter.

Topic: Animal Nutrition and Physiology
Subfield: Animal Science and Zoology
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Intraventricular CCK-8 reduces single meal size in the baboon by interaction with type-A CCK receptors

Intraventricular cholecystokinin COOH-terminal octapeptide (CCK-8) decreases meal size in the meal-trained baboon. In the present study, we tested whether this action is mediated by CCK-A receptors, CCK-B receptors, or both. Intraventricular administration of the selective CCK-A receptor agonist A71623 at 1 and 10 nmol/kg suppressed 30-min meal size 69 +/- 22% and 75 +/- 7%, respectively. Additionally, intraventricular A71623 was equipotent to CCK-8 at 1 nmol/kg (% suppression of meal by CCK = 59 +/- 17). However, intraventricular administration of the CCK-B receptor agonist A63387 at 10 nmol/kg had no effect on 30-min meal size (% suppression = 18 +/- 29). Intravenous administration of 10 nmol/kg A71623 did not result in an alteration of meal size, but prandial plasma insulin and glucose responses were delayed and blunted. Basal plasma insulin levels doubled after intravenous administration of A71623. Both behavioral and metabolic responses to A71623 in the baboon are virtually identical to those we have previously observed after CCK-8 treatment. Thus we conclude that the predominant receptor population with which intraventricular CCK-8 interacts are type-A CCK receptors that are accessible to the ventricular system of the baboon.

Topic: Neuropeptides and Animal Physiology
Subfield: Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences
Descriptive study for look-alike and sound-alike medicines based on local language peculiarities

The existence of confusing drug names was considered one of the leading causes of medication errors. The aim of the study was to summarize the potential sources for errors associated with look-alike and sound-alike (LASA) medicines, to provide overview of the most common patterns and offer recommendations of safety strategies to help mitigate the problem. A standardized questionnaire was conducted for a period of 1 month in 2011. The collected data was statistically analyzed with Microsoft Excel 2007 and SPSS version 17.0. The total of 93 questionnaires was obtained. Two hundred and twenty-three (223) unique LASA drug pairs were identified with prevalence to brand names. The modal Bulgarian brand medicine name had 7 letters, 3 syllables and 1 word. The average generic drug name had 10 letters, 4 syllables and 1 word. The top 15 highest risk-potential pairs from both groups were classified by the values of the Dice coefficient and analyzed by possible impact on prescription and pharmacy practice. The results of the study showed that look-alike medicine names were a possible source of medication errors and threat to patient safety in everyday practice. Safety strategies were needed to reduce the risk of medication errors in community and hospital pharmacies related to LASA drugs.

Topic: Pharmaceutical Practices and Patient Outcomes
Subfield: Geriatrics and Gerontology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Influence of Four Corn Cultivars on Fall Armyworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Establishment and Parasitization

Establishment of fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith), larvae was significantly lower on resistant `Antigua 2D-118' and `Pioneer X304C' than upon susceptible `Cacahuacintle X's' and `Pioneer 3369A' corn lines. There was a significant effect between years and rates of artificial infestation on FAW larval establishment and parasitization. A density-dependent response of parasitoids was indicated in 1982 but not in 1983 when fewer larvae became established in the 2nd planting, possibly due to a combination of rainfall and advanced plant development. Greater numbers of larvae established when plants were artificially infested with 10 larvae per plant compared with 20 or 40 larvae. Although `Pioneer X304C' and `Antigua 2D-118' had significantly fewer larvae in post-infestation counts, rates of parasitization were higher than for larvae observed on susceptible corn lines. A probable cause was that FAW larvae on corn lines with nonpreference-type resistance exhibited more movement and were more exposed to parasitoids. Campoletis sp. was the primary parasitoid species involved in both years.

Topic: Insect Resistance and Genetics
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
A game theory framework for active power injection management with voltage boundary in smart grids

Smart grids are a novel paradigm for energy distribution, where instead of the traditional directed flow from a producer to the consumers, several micro-generators are spread throughout the network. We focus on the problem of coordinating the injection of active power into the grid by the micro-generators. Each of them aims at injecting the maximum amount of power, satisfying some operative constraints such as voltage boundaries; a tradeoff must be found among these conflicting objectives. First, we characterize the active power increment region, i.e., the set of all the increments of injected power that, depending on the grid state, satisfy the voltage boundary. Based on this finding, we frame the problem within game theory and propose a distributed approach that achieves a fair share of the active power injection, while at the same time satisfying the voltage boundary.

Topic: Microgrid Control and Optimization
Subfield: Control and Systems Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
The revision of EN 1996-2

This paper looks at the revision of EN 1996-2:2006 (Eurocode 6: Design of masonry structures – Part 2: Design considerations, selection of materials and execution of masonry) by Project Team 3 of CEN TC 250/SC6. Some of the key areas identified in the review of the document by National Standards Bodies in 2014 are noted. The Project Team has reviewed twenty-four National Annexes to EN 1996-2 as part of its work and used the results to inform the proposed revisions to the code. The current draft reduces the number of Nationally Determined Parameters from two to one and recommends the retention of the three annexes as Informative.

Topic: Structural Analysis of Composite Materials
Subfield: Mechanical Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
(www.interscience.wiley.com) DOI: 10.1002/acp.1154 The Intention Interference Effect and Aging: Similar Magnitude of Effects for Young and Old Adults

In young adults, intentions have been shown to be more accessible (e.g. faster reaction times and higher accuracy) compared to other sorts of to-be-remembered information, a result termed an ‘intention superiority effect ’ (Goschke &amp;amp; Kuhl, 1993). In the current study, we assessed whether older adults also demonstrate this superiority of intention-related material and we used a new interference paradigm to examine performance. On each trial, participants performed a Stroop-like colour-naming task on a short series of words, including words related to an intention that they encoded at the beginning of the trial. In Experiment 1, results revealed an ‘intention interference effect ’ for both young and older adults in which performance was slower for words belonging to an intention that participants intended to carry out versus an intention that did not have to be executed. In Experiment 2, we tested the effect that completing an intention had on the representation of intentions. For both groups, completing an intention led to a decrease in interference in Stroop task performance. Copyright # 2005 John Wiley &amp;amp; Sons, Ltd. Everyday life is filled with stimuli that remind us that there is a goal that needs to be carried out (e.g. driving by the store cues the memory that we meant to buy milk). In this example, an intention was encoded and then postponed until the time for its execution

Topic: Cognitive Functions and Memory
Subfield: Experimental and Cognitive Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
PRELIMINARY STUDIES ON A HYPHA- FORMING MUTANT OF CRYPTO-

Cryptococcus neoformans (Sanf.) Vuill., a species of asporogenous yeast, has been defined as follows: yeast cells round or oval in shape; pseudohyphae absent or rudimentary; no true hyphal formation; repro? duction by multilateral budding; cells surrounded by a capsule; starchlike polysaccharide formation under special conditions; mucous appear? ance to colonies; strictly oxidative dissimilation (Lodder and KregervanRij, 1952). In preliminary studies of the pathogenesis of C. neoformans in rabbits, we have observed in agar pour plates a mutant that produces true hyphae profusely but which has other properties characteristic of this genus and species.

Topic: Fungal Infections and Studies
Subfield: Epidemiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Service Experience Varies: Exploring the Association between Military Service and Prison Misconduct among State Inmates

Military service is a life event that has the ability to shape veterans' criminal trajectories. Institutional behavior has implications for community adjustment and can provide insight into offending patterns of inmates' post-release. This study explores whether military service variables affect the likelihood and frequency of prison misconduct among a nationally representative sample of U.S. state prisoners. Results suggest that variations in the military experience affect prison misconduct, especially for those who served for longer periods of time and who enter service at an older age. Recommendations for future research and suggestions for correctional policy and practice are offered.

Topic: Criminal Justice and Corrections Analysis
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Phrase epithet derivational possibilities as source of new lexical units

Humanity has always strived to save energy of speech eff orts. According to the ancient Language Economy Principle, human speech has to be short and laconic, it has to insert the fragments of individual and collective experience into one or a few words to attain effective communication or adequate understanding. Syntactical compression and depth of sense, compact and striking phrases demand now the accelerated tempo. And for this certain linguistic rules, means and techniques are required. There appears a new integral graphic product — phrase epithet — the merging into one new word or word combinations. This new word acquires one new meaning that differs from the previous meanings of the epithet constructions.

Topic: Discourse Analysis and Cultural Communication
Subfield: Cultural Studies
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Elective colectomy after colonoscopic polypectomy for unexpected polypoid T1 cancer

Purpose. The treatment of early-stage colorectal adenocarcinoma removed endoscopically depends on histopathologic findings. The aim of this retrospective study was to assess the benefit–risk balance to patients who underwent colectomy after endoscopic polypectomy of T1 carcinoma with unfavourable histological factors. Methods. Thirty one patients (15 men and 16 women, median age 66 years) who underwent colectomy after endoscopic resection of malignant polyps with T1 carcinoma within the period from 1 January 2004 Vilnius to 11 February 2015 were included in this retrospective study. Specimens resected after endoscopic polypectomy showed at least one of the following unfavourable factors: no free margin or piecemeal resection. The main objective was to assess the benefit–risk balance of an oncological resection performed after the polypectomy. The oncological benefit was measured by the lymph node metastasis rate. The risk was measured by the occurrence of severe complications of grade III–IV or death. Results. The most common localisation of T1 cancer was sigmoid colon – 16 cases (51.6%) and upper rectum – 11 cases (35.5%). 11 (35.5%) patients had well-differentiated adenocarcinoma (G1), others (20 patients from 31, 64.5%) had moderate differentiated adenocarcinoma (G2). The main indications of colectomy were two: the margin of resection ≤1 mm (n = 23) and piecemeal resection (n = 9). An oncological benefit of colectomy was reached for four patients (12.9%), who had lymph node metastasis. Six patients (19.4%) presented postoperative complications. All of them were of I–II grade according to the Clavien classification. There were no deaths. Conclusions. 12.9% of patients, who underwent oncological colectomy after endoscopic polypectomy for unexpected polypoid T1 cancer with unfavourable histology (no free margin or piecemeal polypectomy), had metastasis in the lymph nodes; thus this study suggests the rationale of an oncological surgical resection after endoscopic polypectomy for these patients.

Topic: Gastric Cancer Management and Outcomes
Subfield: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Diversity, structure, and composition of melliferous and non-melliferous vegetation surrounding meliponaries of the Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico

Background: Although the loss of Melipona beecheii colonies in meliponaries suggests insufficient availability of melliferous blooming plants, there is limited knowledge about the diversity and conditions of the surrounding vegetation. Question: What is the diversity, structure, and composition of the melliferous and non-melliferous vegetation surrounding meliponaries, and how does it affect the availability of food sources for bees? Study site and dates: The vegetation surrounding nine meliponaries, three in each political state of the Yucatán Peninsula encompassing the main vegetation types, was studied in 2022 and 2023. Methods: Four 150-meter-long transects with the point-centered quadrants method were traced in each meliponary to estimate plant species composition, the availability of melliferous and blooming plants (IVI), diversity parameters (Hill-numbers), tree density, and diameter per strata. Results: 312 taxa, 250 genera, and 73 plant families were recorded. In five meliponaries, blooming melliferous plants accounted for less than 9 % of the IVI, with one meliponary having no blooming species. The highest diversity was found in a meliponary surrounded by semi-evergreen forest. The high stratum had a mean tree height of 5.5 (SD ± 2.9) meters and 3,390 (SD ± 2,702) trees/hectare across vegetation types. The tree diameter was lowest in meliponaries located in the semi-deciduous forest. Conclusions: The meliponaries are surrounded by young secondary vegetation with high density of small trees and predominance of the low stratum. We found a similar vegetation diversity among meliponaries and scarce blooming melliferous plants. Human activity seems to impact plant diversity and food availability for M. beecheii.

Topic: Plant and animal studies
Subfield: Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Spontaneous Pattern Formation upon Random Phase Waves: From Modulation-Instability to Dynamic Equilibrium

We show that MI is the driving force bringing spatially-incoherent light to an equilibrium state, while propagating through non-instantaneous nonlinearities. The equilibrium state depends only on the initial coherence, and not on the nonlinearity strength.

Topic: Nonlinear Photonic Systems
Subfield: Statistical and Nonlinear Physics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Railway atlases: bibliography of the cartographic products published worldwide between 1945 and 2021

The objective of this paper is to present the results of a study compiling a bibliography of railway atlases published worldwide between 1945 and 2021. The atlases are a specific kind of product that supports cartographic communication of information regarding the current or former state of the railway network in a certain area. They are used in professional activities, for travel planning, or as a historical source. The research identified 253 unique titles forming 348 separate volumes. The bibliographic data are presented in tables corresponding to particular geographic regions. The lists are preceded by a descriptive part devoted to the origins of railway cartography, research methods, and a brief overview of selected items.

Topic: Transportation Planning and Optimization
Subfield: Transportation
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
TRANSLATING DOSTOEVSKII, WRITING A NOVEL OF ONE'S OWN: THE PLACE OF 'STAVROGIN'S CONFESSION' IN THE CREATION OF MRS. DALLOWAY

In 1922, with Samuel Kotelianskii, Virginia Woolf (co)translated 'Stavrogin's Confession', a long-censored chapter of Dostoevskii's novel The Possessed in which the protagonist confesses to raping his former landlady's daughter, who subsequently commits suicide. At this time Woolf was working on what would become Mrs. Dalloway, the first piece of fiction she published after her collaboration. This article argues that Woolf's (co)translation of Dostoevskii is a largely overlooked source for the construction of Mrs. Dalloway and that Septimus Smith may be read as a transposition and re-presentation of Nikolai Stavrogin.

Topic: Russian Literature and Bakhtin Studies
Subfield: Education
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Towards a Conceptual Framework of GBL Design for Engagement and Learning of Curriculum-based Content

This paper aims to show best practices of GBL design for engagement. It intends to show how teachers can implement GBL in a collaborative, comprehensive and systematic way, in the classrooms, and probably outside the classrooms, based on empirical evidence and theoretical framework designed accordingly. This paper presents the components needed to design an innovative GBL platform, and it describes how to facilitate learning in a gaming environment, sustain continuous learning in the gameplay, and apply the successful methodologies. In this paper, the authors discuss the overall findings of pupils and teacher surveys and classroom observations in the context of primary education (pupils ages between eight and twelve). The findings helped with guidelines design instructions of GBL for engagement and learning. By using a game-based approach best practice, teachers can embed gaming and learning principles to create engaging learning experiences.

Topic: Educational Games and Gamification
Subfield: Developmental and Educational Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Development and introduction of a decision support system. A case study of an econometric corporate financial model

De ontwikg.j.o.d.dikkerskeling van een ondernemingsmodel is ter hand genomen om het inzicht in de toekomstige ontwikkeling van de financiele gang van zaken van de onderneming te verbeteren. Voorts moet het model de bedrijfsleiding een middel verschaffen om beslissingen over de inzet van produktiemiddelen te ondersteunen. ... Zie: Abstract in Dutch

Topic: Financial Reporting and Valuation Research
Subfield: Strategy and Management
Field: Business, Management and Accounting
Domain: Social Sciences
Quantum Dot to Nanorod Transition for Efficient White-Light-Emitting Diodes with Suppressed Absorption Losses

Colloidal nanocrystals have great potential for next-generation solid-state lighting due to their outstanding emission and absorption tunability via size and morphology, narrow emission linewidth, and high photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY). However, the losses due to self- and interabsorption among multitudes of nanocrystals significantly decrease external quantum yield levels of light-emitting diodes (LEDs). Here, we demonstrate efficient white LEDs via CdSe/CdS dot to "dot-in-rod" transition that enabled a large Stokes shift of 780 meV and significantly reduced absorption losses when used in conjunction with near-unity PLQY ZnCdSe/ZnSe quantum dots (QDs) emitting at the green spectral range. The optimized incorporation of nanocrystals in a liquid state led to the white LEDs with an ultimate external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 42.9%, with a net increase of EQE of 10.3% in comparison with white LEDs using CdSe/CdS dots. Therefore, combinations of nanocrystals with different nanomorphologies hold high promise for efficient white LEDs.

Topic: Quantum Dots Synthesis And Properties
Subfield: Materials Chemistry
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences