jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Abstract 2996: Sunitinib withdrawal uncovers complementary stromal- and tumor-mediated mechanisms of resistance and rebound growth in metastatic mouse models

Abstract Background: Despite the clinical approval of VEGF pathway targeted agents in the treatment of late-stage metastatic disease, sustained benefits are not seen in the majority of patients, and eventual relapse occurs. Understanding mechanisms of intrinsic and acquired drug resistance has taken on increasing importance as both host- and tumor-mediated pathways may contribute to treatment failure. However, few studies have aimed to assess resistance in clinically-relevant spontaneous metastatic disease after surgical resection of the primary tumor. Methods: Here we describe the derivation of spontaneous metastatic human kidney, breast, and melanoma cell lines following long-term in vivo sunitinib treatment. Re-exposure of selected tumor and stromal cells to drug in vitro for extended periods allowed evaluation of reversible and irreversible gene expression changes. Cells were implanted orthotopically and then surgically removed to assess primary and metastatic growth potential following treatment cessation. Results: Our results show that metastatic sunitinib-resistant cells retained treatment sensitivity when re-implanted orthotopically regardless of in vitro drug exposure conditions, suggesting a predominant host-mediated role in treatment failure. However, sunitinib treatment withdrawal elicited significant increases in tumor growth and metastatic potential, a finding which was enhanced when non-tumor bearing mice were ‘conditioned’ with drug prior to i.v. tumor cell inoculation. Parallel studies in vitro show increased proliferation and migration following therapy removal. Results from gene and protein expression analysis of cells in different sunitinib treatment conditions will be presented showing that coordinated tumor and host reactions can contribute to changes in metastatic phenotype upon therapy removal. Conclusions: Taken together, clinically relevant models of drug-resistant spontaneous metastatic disease may have the potential to distinguish tumor- and stromal-responses to treatment that can alter in vivo disease progression both on (and off) therapy. Citation Format: Michalis Mastri, Amanda Tracz, Christina R. Lee, Derya Deveci, John M. L. Ebos. Sunitinib withdrawal uncovers complementary stromal- and tumor-mediated mechanisms of resistance and rebound growth in metastatic mouse models. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 2996. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-2996

Topic: Cancer Research and Treatments
Subfield: Biotechnology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Properties and Metabolic Role of Mesaconate Hydratase of an Aerobic Bacterium1

Journal Article Properties and Metabolic Role of Mesaconate Hydratase of an Aerobic Bacterium Get access Shintaro SUZUKI, Shintaro SUZUKI Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kyoto UniversitySakyo-ku, Kyoto, Kyoto 606 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Takashi OSUMI, Takashi OSUMI Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kyoto UniversitySakyo-ku, Kyoto, Kyoto 606 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Hirohiko KATSUKI Hirohiko KATSUKI Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kyoto UniversitySakyo-ku, Kyoto, Kyoto 606 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar The Journal of Biochemistry, Volume 81, Issue 6, June 1977, Pages 1917–1925, https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.jbchem.a131654 Published: 01 June 1977 Article history Received: 09 November 1976 Published: 01 June 1977

Topic: Enzyme Structure and Function
Subfield: Materials Chemistry
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Lidocaine conformers calculated at the B3LYP/cc-pVTZ in the gas phase and solvated.

Energy minima for lidocaine calculated at the B3LYP/cc-pVTZ level of theory in the gas phase and with COSMO water. Files include electronic energies and zero point energies. Filenames with "w" include COSMO solvation.

Topic: Analytical Chemistry and Chromatography
Subfield: Spectroscopy
Field: Chemistry
Domain: Physical Sciences
ONE‐WEEK TRIPLE THERAPY FOR ERADICATION OF H. PYLORI (with ranitidine bismuth citrate, clarithromycin [250 or 500 mg] and amoxillin or tinidazole)

Objective It hasn’t enough data for the brand‐new short‐term triple therapy with ranitidin bismuth citrate (RBC) and two antibiotics. In present our aim is to evaluate the efficacy of brand‐new one‐week triple therapy (containing ranitidin bismuth citrate, Clarithromycin [CLA] and Amoxillin [AMOX] or tinidazole [TIN]) in 124 HP positive patients (PTS) (45 with active peptic ulcer and 79 with chronic antral gastritis/ulcer was in their case‐history/). Material &amp; Method We tried to use the following drugs combinations for treatment for one week: Group RBCCA: 400 mg RBC bid, 500 mg CLA bid, 1000 mg AMOX bid, group RBCC 500 T : 400 mg RBC bid, 500 mg CLA bid, 500 mg TIN bid, group RBCC250T: 400 mg RBC bid, 250 mg CLA bid, 500 mg TIN bid, group RBCC500T: 400 mg RBC bid, 500 mg CLA bid, 500 mg TIN bid. In ulcer‐PTS 300 mg/day ranitidin treatment was applied for 3 weeks. Upper GI endoscopy was performed with histological, cultivation and/or rapid urease test (RUT) examination prior to and 6 weeks after eradication. We assessed healing rate of peptic ulcer, alteration in the activity of chronic gastritis, and tolerability of the treatment. Result 118out of 124 PTS completed the trial (drop out: 6, male: 51, aver. age: 50.28 ys, smoker: 53). Sex PTS dropped out (3 of them in consequence of side effect / diarrhoea and abdominal pain/) Complete ulcer healing was confirmed in all (41) ulcer‐PTS. HP was eradicated in 104 out of 118 PTS (PP:88.1%, ITT: 83.9%). The detailed results are shown on following chart: Group TTP Ulcer.g Gastritis. g. RBCCA RBCCA 84.88 % 88.6 % 92.9 % 86.6 % RBCC 250T 86.5 % 91.4 % 92.3 % 81.8 % RBCC 500T 80.5 % 84.6 % 78.6 % 88 % The drug regimen was very well tolerated (only in 11 cases [8.9 %] they were side effects: nausea, pyrosis, headache and diarrhoea). Conclusion All of the one‐week triple therapy (cont.RBC) was as effective to eradicate HP as the other triple therapies. The short duration and few side effects ensure the compliance of the PTS.

Topic: Helicobacter pylori-related gastroenterology studies
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Iron-rich industrial sludge-derived metal organic framework for enhanced photoelectrochemical degradation of methylene blue

The escalating discharge of textile effluents, burdened with persistent dyes such as methy­lene blue (MB), has become a significant global concern. In this study, a surface-engineered iron sludge, denoted as IMS-MOF, was synthesized by modifying iron-rich industrial metal sludge (IMS) to enhance its performance in photoelectrochemical degradation of MB. The IMS-MOF was synthesized via a hydrothermal method, utilizing IMS as the metal ion source and 1,3,5-tricarboxylic acid (BTC) as ligand. Characterization results revealed that IMS-MOF exhibited an increase in surface area (50.34 m² g-1), and porosity (0.27 cm³ g-1) compared to IMS (36.56 m² g-1, 0.19 cm³ g-1). Additionally, the MOF process induced a morphological transition from densely agglomerated particles with rough surface features to well-defined, rod-shaped crystalline structures, characteristic of metal-organic frameworks, thereby sig­nificantly enhancing the specific surface area and active site accessibility. This structural rear­rangement led to a significant increase in the specific surface area and facilitated enhanced access to the active sites within the framework. The band gap reduction in IMS-MOF enhanced its photocatalytic activity under UV light irradiation. Photoelectrochemical degradation studies showed that IMS-MOF achieved higher MB removal efficiency than IMS, with over 90 % MB degradation within a specific contact time. The adsorbent exhibits good adsorption performance over a broad pH range (5-11). By scavenging tests of free radicals generated, hydroxy radicals (·OH) and superoxide radicals (·O2-) were indicated as the reactive oxygen species in the photoelectrochemical degradation. Although IMS-MOF showed a 15.1 % decrease after 10 cycles, it still possessed reusability and stability, indicating that it is qualified for textile wastewater treatment in practice.

Topic: Metal-Organic Frameworks: Synthesis and Applications
Subfield: Inorganic Chemistry
Field: Chemistry
Domain: Physical Sciences
A hybrid approach for optimising the geometry and design of Ultra Wide Band (UWB) antenna

This manuscript proposes a novel Ultra Wide Band (UWB) antenna in the dual-band rejection (DBR). The proposed technique is combination of hybridising Cat Swarm Optimisation (CSO) as well as Genetic Algorithm (GA); hence, it is called CSOGA technique. The UWB antenna is structured with 2.9–13.0 GHz frequency and to enhance the matching of impedance. The antenna type with size modification is determined by using optimisation algorithm. To attain the slits as well as strips band rejection in an antenna, the dual-band frequencies are rejected in 3.3–3.6 GHz as well as 5.15–5.825 GHz to band process of WiMAX, WLAN. Here, the efficiency of proposed technique is analysed by 10 standard benchmark functions (BF). The outcomes show that the proposed CSOGA technique gives 94% higher efficiency when likened to other techniques.

Topic: Antenna Design and Analysis
Subfield: Aerospace Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
The politics of sanitization: Pandemic crisis, migration and development in Asia-Pacific

COVID-19 has resulted in new anxieties about the risks and dangers involved in human mobility and forced governments to simultaneously re-engineer policies for temporary health control and longer-term border-crossing and migration policies; characterized by the sanitization of space and mobility. This special issue considers the policies, including health and non-health measures, that have impacts on migrant workers and migration. While COVID control measures are often phrased in medical language and policy discourses, they often serve multiple goals including political and social control. The papers in this issue cover different places in Asia and the Pacific. We propose the "politics of sanitization" as a conceptual framework to examine the multiple dimensions of state governance and the variegated impacts upon migrants, including: (1) sanitizing space and borders, (2) stigmatization and sanitizing migrants’ bodies, (3) sanitizing ethnic borders and the national body, and (4) reorganizing the borders of sanitization and membership of society.

Topic: Migration, Identity, and Health
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
4q interstitial and terminal deletion: clinical features comparison in two unrelated children

&lt;abstract&gt; &lt;p&gt;The 4q deletion syndrome defines a disorder, which may involve patients affected by either the deletion of the interstitial region from the centromere to 4q31 or by the deletion of the terminal region from 4q31 to 4qter. Here, we describe clinical phenotypes of two unrelated children of the same age followed at the same time, with case 1 presenting with 4q interstitial and case 2 with terminal 4q deletion, and compare them each other and with those reported in the literature. Both children showed complex, heterogeneous clinical manifestations, including craniofacial features, pre-postnatal growth failure, speech and developmental delay. In case 2, thyroid and cholesterol dysfunction were also found. Analyzing these data, clinical differences between interstitial and terminal 4q deletions are scanty and no significant phenotype differences were found between the 4q regions deleted as observed in the comparison of the two children and the related cases of the literature. The term 4q deletion syndrome - inclusive for both the interstitial and terminal 4q regions deleted - seems to be appropriate. To note, the dysfunction of cholesterol metabolism and thyroid presented by case 2 may be clinically worthwhile, whether confirmed by other observations.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;/abstract&gt;

Topic: Genomic variations and chromosomal abnormalities
Subfield: Genetics
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
SEQUENTIAL ELECTROCARDIOGRAPHIC ANALYSIS OF STONE HEART SYNDROME IN A PATIENT SUPPORTED SIX DAYS WITH AN ABDOMINAL LEFT VENTRICULAR ASSIST DEVICE (ALVAD).

A 21-year-old male patient underwent aortic and mitral valve replacement for progressive cardiac failure due to acute bacterial endocarditis. Ischemic myocardial contracture developed during attempts to restore cardiac activity following hypothermic, ischemic, cardioplegic arrest. An abdominal left ventricular assist device (ALVAD) was implanted and supported the circulation for nearly six days prior to cardiac transplantation. The preoperative EKG showed sinus tachycardia with left anterior hemiblock. Postoperatively, there was complete electromechanical dissociation. The postoperative EKG showed a superior and leftward shift of the axis. There was a marked loss of QRS voltage and variable degrees of atrioventricular block. At times, only P waves were present. On the fourth postoperative day, there was an axis shift to the extreme right. Prior to transplantation, sinus rhythm returned, and the axis shifted leftward once again. The common denominator of all the abnormal postoperative electrocardiograms was the conspicuous low voltage that probably signified early and extensive myocardial damage. To our knowledge, this is the first instance wherein a sequential electrocardiographic analysis of stone heart syndrome has been undertaken.

Topic: Cardiac Arrest and Resuscitation
Subfield: Emergency Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Impact of Political Stability and Managerial Ownership on Firm’s Profitability

The vibrant business sector is a dynamic segment for Pakistan’s economic development because it offers employment to a larger population of skilled and unskilled labour; creates foreign reserves through exports; and also satisfies local demand for the products. Moreover, the listed companies perform a significant function in the growth of an economy, however, on pragmatic grounds, access to capital is evidenced as a matter of grave concern for the business sector in Pakistan. Moreover, it has been observed that in order to reduce the firms’ agency costs, managerial ownership is utilized. Hence, in this essence, this research investigates the relationship of political stability, managerial ownership, dividends, sales, and total assets with the firm’s profitability in Pakistan during 2013-2017. The findings depict that the variables of political stability, total assets, dividends, and sales, positively and significantly affect the firm’s profitability, while, managerial ownership is insignificantly associated with profitability.

Topic: Socioeconomic Development in MENA
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Morbidity Profile, Healthcare Utilization and Associated out of Pocket Expenditure on Health among Elderly Population of Lucknow District, Northern India

Objective: To study and assess the morbidities occurring in an elderly person, the pattern of their healthcare utilization and the expenditure they incur during the process of receiving treatment. Methods:A cross-sectional study was carried out involving 404 elderly participants from both the urban and rural parts of Lucknow.The elderly participants were interviewed with the help of a pretested questionnaire.The data was collected on morbidity profile, healthcare utilization and associated expenditure by elderly.Results: Most common single chronic disease entity was hypertension (20.5%), and the most common group of morbidities were dental (18.8%), orthopedics (17.3%) and cardiovascular (11.8%) in that order.The proportion of those utilizing Inpatient care, out-patient care, Outpatient dental care, AYUSH care and self-medication was 32.9%, 62.9%, 20.7%, 36.4% and 35.6% respectively.Total mean out of pocket expenditure on health among participants from the urban and rural area was INR 7842.25 (SD 9067.97) and INR 6034.82 (SD 9566.45)respectively. Conclusion:The out of pocket expenditure among the elderly was much higher than per capita health expenditure of the country.

Topic: Global Health Care Issues
Subfield: General Health Professions
Field: Health Professions
Domain: Health Sciences
Influence of Vetiver Grass (Vetiveria zizanioides) on Rhizosphere Chemistry in Long-term Contaminated Soils

A detailed understanding and appreciation of the important mechanisms operating at the soil:root interface, commonly identified as the rhizosphere, is critical for evaluating the potential for particular plant species to be successfully used as part of a phytoremediation technique. For specific plants, mechanisms may exist to overcome the inherit limitation of the phytoremediation technique when poorly mobile soil metals are of interest. In the present study, the influence of root exudates on the rhizosphere chemistry of soil and consequential metal uptake were investigated following culture of vetiver grass (Vetiveria zizanioides), recognized as a promising plant for land stabilization, in three different long-term contaminated soils and one non-contaminated control soil. The soil solution pH increased (0.3-1.1 units) following vetiver grass culture and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) also significantly increased in all soils with the highest increase in PP02 (23 to 173 mg L-1). Chemical changes are contributed to root exudation by vetiver grass when exposed to high concentration of heavy metals. Chemical changes, consequently, influenced metal (Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn) solubility and speciation in the rhizosphere. The highest solubility was observed for soil Ko01 (eg. 2091 and 318 μg L-1 for Cd and Pb, respectively). Initial heavy metal solubility in soils varied with soil and either increased or decreased following vetiver grass culture depending on the soil type. An increase in pH following plant culture generally resulted in a decrease in metal solubility, while elevated DOC due to root exudation resulted in an increase in metal solubility via the formation of metal-DOC complexes. Donnan speciation demonstrated a significant decrease in free Cd and Zn in the rhizosphere and the concentration of Cd, Pb, and Zn in vetiver grass shoot was highly correlated with soluble concentration rather than total soil metal concentration.

Topic: Plant Stress Responses and Tolerance
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Nutrient intakes associated with elevated serum C‐reactive protein concentrations in normal to underweight breastfeeding women in Northern <scp>K</scp>enya

Objectives Low‐grade elevation of C‐reactive protein (CRP) is a non‐specific inflammatory marker, used as a predictor for cardiovascular disease development and chronic inflammatory risks. Research investigating dietary influences on inflammation has focused primarily on the relationship between dietary characteristics, CRP elevation and BMI in the populations at greatest risk for cardiovascular disease, namely those in the overweight and obese ranges, often in clinical settings and/or among those middle aged or older, leaving little information about normal to underweight populations of reproductive age in ecological settings. This study evaluates impacts of dietary nutrients on serum CRP levels in a population of predominantly underweight to normal weight adult women experiencing the additional nutritional demands of lactation. Methods Data from non‐overweight breastfeeding Ariaal women of Kenya collected in 2006 were used ( n = 194). Logistic regression models were applied using low‐grade CRP elevation (hsCRP &gt; 3 mg/L) as the outcome variable and dietary nutrients, age, BMI, and serum retinol as predictors. Results Models showed that energy intake (Kcal) and age were positive predictors of CRP elevation while folate intake, total vitamin A intake, and serum retinol concentration were protective against CRP elevation. Unlike previous studies among higher BMI populations, this study found no significant effect of dietary lipids/fatty acids or BMI on CRP elevation. Conclusions The effects of specific dietary nutrients on inflammatory status may vary with BMI or, in women, reproductive status. Further research should investigate the role of dietary fats, fatty acids, and antioxidant vitamins across populations with a wide range of BMI, including postpartum women. Am. J. Hum. Biol. 26:796–802, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Topic: Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
Subfield: Epidemiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Color Reaction of 1, 3-Diphenyl-3-(2-thiazolyl)formazan with Metal Ions

1.3-ジフェニル-5-(2-チアゾリル)ホルマザン(以下PTFと略記する)を合成し,PTFの分析化学的性質を知るために,その酸解離定数,各種金属イオンとの反応性,生成する金属錯体の組成などについて実験した。おもな金属イオン30種類と,PTFとの呈色反応を調べた結果,PTFと鋭敏に反応する金属イオンは,カドミウム(II),亜鉛(III),ニッケル(II),コバルト(II),銅(II)であった。これら錯体の光吸収はカドミウムの0.06～2.2ppm,亜鉛,ニッケルの0.05～1.3ppm,コバルト, 銅の0.1～3.0ppmの濃度範囲までBeerの法則にしたがい,モル吸光係数はそれぞれ,カドミウム: 5.75×104,亜鉛: 5.00×104,ニッケル: 4.25×104,コバルト: 2.00×104,銅: 2.30×104である。本試薬は各種金属共存下のカドミウム,亜鉛の比色定量に有用であると考えられる。

Topic: Dyeing and Modifying Textile Fibers
Subfield: Building and Construction
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Clinico-mycological profiles of dermatophytosis in Jaipur, India

Dermatophytosis poses a serious crisis to the socio-economically backward population. The infections are caused by three anamorphic genera; Epidermophyton, Trichophyton and Microsporum which are distributed around the world. The objective of this study was to find out the occurrence, distribution and prevalence of dermatophytes causing human dermatomycosis in various categories of patients in Jaipur (Rajasthan), India. One hundred samples were collected, including infected skin and nails from Dermatology Department, Sawai Maan Singh Hospital, Jaipur for a period of June 2014 to January 2015. Before sample collection, the infected area was cleaned with 70% ethyl alcohol. Skin samples were collected with the help of sterilized scalpel and nail samples by clipping. Identification of causative pathogens was done by performing lacto-phenol cotton blue mount. Out of 100 samples, 79 were found positive by KOH examination and out of them 53 confirmed by culture. In the present study, Trichophyton rubrum (20.7%) was the predominant pathogen followed by Trichophyton mentagrophytes (16.9%) and Trichophyton interdigitale (13.2%). Tinea corporis was the most common clinical type reported in all age groups. The second most common clinical type was Tinea cruris. These infections were observed more frequently in the age group of 21 to 30 (55%) followed by 31 to 40 (24%). Key words: Dermatophytosis, Tinea corporis, Trichophyton, Microsporum, Epidermophyton.

Topic: Nail Diseases and Treatments
Subfield: Epidemiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Career Maturity of Australian and South African High School Students: Developmental and Contextual Explanations

The present study investigates the career maturity of 1090 high school students in Years 8 to 12 in Australia (n = 656) and South Africa (n = 434). Scores on the Australian version of the Career Development Inventory were analysed. While a developmental explanation for career maturity was supported, gender differences between countries and differences at school transition points were found. The relevance of school career education programs to prepare students for career decisions is discussed.

Topic: Career Development and Diversity
Subfield: Safety Research
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences