jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
THE CHALCID SEED WASP, <i>MEGASTIGMUS NIGROVARIEGATUS</i> HYMENOPTERA: TORYMIDAE, ON <i>ROSA RUGOSA</i> THUNB. IN NOVA SCOTIA

Abstract Two naturalized populations and two planted populations of Rosa rugosa Thunb. were studied with respect to chalcid seed wasp infestation. Megastigmus nigrovariegatus Ashmead was found in hips from planted R . rugosa in Halifax and Dartmouth, Nova Scotia, but not from bushes at naturalized sites. The percentage of infested hips at the Halifax and Dartmouth locations was 26 and 31%, respectively. The percentage of infested achenes within a single hip varied widely from 3 to 79% at the Halifax site and 7 to 60% at the Dartmouth site.Adult emergence was over 75% successful when achenes were over 2 mm in diameter but less than 15% for smaller achenes. The exit hole on the achene faced the outer wall of the hip. Adults emerged later in Nova Scotia than in the United States and between 59 and 72% were female. More than one adult wasp was observed ovipositing on a single hip.

Topic: Insect-Plant Interactions and Control
Subfield: Insect Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Attenuation of the cardiovascular response during rigid bronchoscope a comparative study using intravenous lidocaine and sublingual glyceryl trinitrate

Background: one of the complications of rigid bronchoscope is the cardiovascular responses that may carry a dangerous drawback during and after the procedure. Prevention and control of these events will be crucial, especially for the old and cardiovascular debilitated patients. Objective: The study aims to control and attenuate the unwanted hemodynamic responses to the rigid bronchoscpe using intravenous lidocaim and GTN. Method: a study was performed on three groups of patients undergone a diagnostic procedure of bronchoscope. Each group consists of 20 patients at the same age and relatively similar pathology. The three groups (group one, two and three) received lidocaine, glyceryltrinitrate and no drug respectively. The changes in mean arterial pressure, heart rate and rhythm were taken and monitored. Several readings were taken through a five to ten minutes interval and at recovery. The doses are calculated equally for all patients. Results: marked changes were noticed in mean arterial pressure which has been increased especially during the introduction of the instrument through the trachea. The same were happened for the heart rate, which increased tremendously at the same intervals. The same was applied for the rhythm. Lidocaine has attenuate the change in the rhythm, while the glyceryl trinitrate prevented the high elevation in mean arterial blood pressure more than the other drug did. Conclusion: Hemodynamic responses to the rigid bronchoscope, can be attenuated and blunted by the usage of anti-arrhythmic drug (lidocaine) and the vasodilator glyceryl-trinitrate, intravenously and sublingual respectively. Lidocaine I.V given 3 – 5 minutes prior to the procedure will protect the heart from grand changes in its rhythm. And to a lesser extent control the high elevation in mean arterial pressure. Glyceryl-trinitrate (GTN). The two drugs successfully attenuate the hemodynamic responses to the tracheal instrumentation by the rigid bronchoscope.

Topic: Airway Management and Intubation Techniques
Subfield: Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Optimization of conditions for the polymerase chain reaction amplification of DNA from culturable and nonculturable cells of Vibrio vulnificus

A series of 16 buffers, differing in pH and MgCl2 concentration, were used to optimize the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of a 388 bp region of the hemolysin/cytolysin gene from cells of Vibrio vulnificus present in both the culturable and nonculturable states. Both the opaque and translucent morphotypes were examined. Using whole cell lysates, we were able to obtain amplification of DNA from as few as 28.5 cells present in the viable but nonculturable state. With one exception, all buffers that produced amplification using culturable cells also produced amplification using nonculturable cells. However, regardless of the buffer employed, 100 times more nonculturable cells than culturable cells were required to obtain a PCR product. Our data suggest that caution should be exercised when employing PCR optimized against culturable cells when this method is employed for the detection of nonculturable cells.

Topic: Vibrio bacteria research studies
Subfield: Endocrinology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
TOY DESIGN: IMPROVING LEARNING EFFECTIVENESS FOR ADHD STUDENTS

With the rapid development of medical knowledge, more young generations are confirmed to suffer from attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, abbreviated as ADHD.Inattentive, hyperactive and impulsivity symptoms are three categories that are signs of ADHD.Fidgeting, interrupting, losing homework, daydreaming are all common signs of ADHD.It affects student learning performance and classroom order.The most effective ADHD treatment is a combination of medication and behavioural therapy.However, there are many side effects of ADHD medication use.Thus, fidget toys, therapeutic devices, and other solutions that make use unconscious repetitive actions to increase their concentration.In this solution, feedback is considered as a helpful tool to let ADHD students concentrate on class and improve their learning effectiveness.Nevertheless, in some cases, other students are attracted to the attention by fidget toys and lose focus on class.Therefore, students are forbidden to bring fidget toys back to school.How to take a good balance between regulations of school and student needs was the problem that we were concerned about.This study aims to help ADHD students to reduce their concentration disorders and anxiety problems and use them with school at the same time.Finally, there was testing to let ADHD patients try the model in reality to evaluate the performance.The experimental results show the effectiveness of our proposed method.

Topic: Neuroscience, Education and Cognitive Function
Subfield: Cognitive Neuroscience
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences
Small animal fluid therapy 1. Practice principles

ABSTRACT This review aims to provide information on the pathophysiological principles, most of them straightforward, which underpin the successful use of fluid therapy in the treatment of certain conditions. Attention is mainly focused on the concepts underlying parenteral fluid therapy, including some of the misconceptions inherent in this form of treatment. Finally, interesting trends in parenteral fluid therapy are identified.

Topic: Muscle and Compartmental Disorders
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Stitching the patchwork : An examination of agri-environmental policy network in England

The Agri-environmental Regulation, part of the 1992 CAP reform package, led to the (re)introduction of a number of agri-environmental schemes in the UK. These seek to counter some of the negative impacts that 'productivist' policies have made on the countryside in the post-war period. Although the Regulation is viewed as marginal to core agricultural policies by traditional interests, it represents an important policy shift towards the recognition of the complexity of the contemporary rural economy and the value placed on environmental goods by an urbanised society. A general move away from the development and implementation of public policies based on 'control and command' philosophies towards more open, consultative approaches has altered the mechanisms through which policy is designed and implemented. This study of the agri-environmental schemes in England examines the changing roles of individuals and organisations within the policy process, revealing a process that evolves through a policy network where actors interact and exchange resources rather than through a logical sequence of events. It also shows that the process of evaluation does not necessarily rest with an 'elite' group of actors but to a greater or lesser degree all actors feed into this process. The problems associated with evaluating non-quantifiable benefits from environmental goods have required actors to use their own judgements and beliefs to appraise policy outcomes. The potential effects of these issues on policy formation are discussed and assessed. Through interviews with farmers, their advisers, key officials in conservation and agricultural NGOs, and representatives of government statutory advisers and departments in England, a snapshot of the network organised around these schemes is described. It reveals how the policy process involves an extensive system of linkages and relationships between actors through which policy is constantly being refined.

Topic: Rural development and sustainability
Subfield: General Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Lupus Anticoagulant, Antiphospholipid Syndrome and Cardiac Surgery

The presence of lupus anticoagulant and the related condition antiphospholipid syndrome present a challenge in cardiac surgery where measured anticoagulation may not reflect the in vivo patient status of hypercoagulation. We report the successful management of a patient with lupus anticoagulant presenting for aortic valve replacement and coronary revascularisation. We used heparin for anticoagulation, specialised additional tests of anticoagulation and a reduced protamine dose. We also used tranexamic acid. The clinical problems with anticoagulation in patients with lupus anticoagulant include anticoagulant choice, measurement of adequate anticoagulation, antifibrinolytic usage, protamine dosing and blood product transfusion.

Topic: Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Research
Subfield: Rheumatology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Activity Recognition from Wearable Cameras

A novel work for Ambient Assisted Living applications is presented here. More specifically, this paper focuses on activity recognition from recordings of daily living captured by wearable cameras. It constructs a discriminant object centric motion descriptor for representing the micro-actions within the viewpoint of the action maker so as to later define the activity that he/she performs. The accumulation of these activities build patterns over time that can be used to study the behavior of the end-users, which is very useful for health application and monitoring of patients inside their own dwellings or their behavior inside a controlled environment.

Topic: Context-Aware Activity Recognition Systems
Subfield: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Tracking mesenchymal stromal cells using an ultra‐bright TAT‐functionalized plasmonic‐active nanoplatform

High‐resolution tracking of stem cells remains a challenging task. An ultra‐bright contrast agent with extended intracellular retention is suitable for in vivo high‐resolution tracking of stem cells following the implantation. Here, a plasmonic‐active nanoplatform was developed for tracking mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) in mice. The nanoplatform consisted of TAT peptide‐functionalized gold nanostars (TAT‐GNS) that emit ultra‐bright two‐photon photoluminescence capable of tracking MSCs under high‐resolution optical imaging. In vitro experiment showed TAT‐GNS‐labeled MSCs retained a similar differentiability to that of non‐labeled MSCs controls. Due to their star shape, TAT‐GNS exhibited greater intracellular retention than that of commercial Q‐Tracker. In vivo imaging of TAT‐GNS‐labeled MSCs five days following intra‐arterial injections in mice kidneys showed possible MSCs implantation in juxta‐glomerular (JG) regions, but non‐specifically in glomeruli and afferent arterioles as well. With future design to optimize GNS labeling specificity and clearance, plasmonic‐active nanoplatforms may be a useful intracellular tracking tool for stem cell research. An ultra‐bright intracellular contrast agent is developed using TAT peptide‐functionalized gold nanostars (TAT‐GNS). It poses minimal influence on the stem cell differentiability. It exhibits stronger two‐photon photoluminescence and superior labeling efficiency than commercial Q‐Tracker. Following renal implantation, some TAT‐GNS‐labeled MSCs permeate blood vessels and migrate to the juxta‐glomerular region. magnified image An ultra‐bright intracellular contrast agent is developed using TAT peptide‐functionalized gold nanostars (TAT‐GNS). It poses minimal influence on the stem cell differentiability. It exhibits stronger two‐photon photoluminescence and superior labeling efficiency than commercial Q‐Tracker. Following renal implantation, some TAT‐GNS‐labeled MSCs permeate blood vessels and migrate to the juxta‐glomerular region.

Topic: Advanced biosensing and bioanalysis techniques
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
The role of mast cells in oral squamos cell carcinoma

The mast cell is a connective tissue cell that has an active role in inflammation, immune modulation, angiogenesis, and more. Apart from its degranulation in allergic reaction, it is associated with "piece meal degranulation", i.e., a selective cellular secretion pathway that aggravates the progression of oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMD) to oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) through angiogenic switch. Angiogenic factor released by mast cells ensures survival and progressive capacity. The tumor microenvironment (TME) is composed of many different cell populations, such as tumor-associated mast cells and various infiltrating immune cells and non-cellular components of the extracellular matrix. These crucial parts of the surrounding stroma can function as both positive and negative regulators of all the hallmarks of cancer development, including induction of angiogenesis and activation of invasion and metastasis. This review will focus on describing the role of mast cells in the tumor microenvironment and the dissection of cancer, especially oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Topic: Mast cells and histamine
Subfield: Immunology
Field: Immunology and Microbiology
Domain: Life Sciences
Barriers to Transportation: A Study on Patients with End-Stage Renal Disease Receiving in-Center Hemodialysis

Without kidney transplant, treatment for end-stage renal disease is considered lifelong. Non-emergency medical transportation through Medicaid and the complementary paratransit services under the Americans with Disabilities Act 1990, were identified as the two major sources of transportation services for end-stage renal disease patients. The purpose of the study was to explore barriers to transportation experienced by dialysis patients using transportation services for in-center dialysis and transplant related medical appointments. The study used a non-experimental quantitative research design to explore the barriers and used web-based survey to collect the data. The link to the web-based survey was disseminated on National Kidney Foundation’s Facebook and online forum and the survey collected 231 responses. The results of the study indicated prevalence of barriers to transportation for patients with end-stage renal disease. The barriers pose a risk for shortening or missing dialysis appointments affecting dialysis patient’s health, leading to an increase in hospitalization and mortality rates. The findings of the study provided foundations for interventions and policy implications to diminish barriers to transportation for patients with end-stage renal disease. Future studies may address barriers to transportation based on end-stage disease patients’ physical limitations and at different geographic settings.

Topic: Pharmacy and Medical Practices
Subfield: Pharmacology
Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics
Domain: Life Sciences
Pressure Vessels for Gas-Cooled Graphite-Moderated Reactors

Design and construction principles of pressure vessels for gas-cooled graphite-moderated reactors are presented. Design of the pressure vessel is determined primarily by the general level of stress to be used, the stresses around openings, and the stresses in the region of supports. The stresses determine the plate material and the forging requirements. Welding methcds and operations, stress relief methods, and pressure testing of the vessel are also discussed. (N.W.R.)

Topic: Graphite, nuclear technology, radiation studies
Subfield: Materials Chemistry
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Emotional maturity in EFL teaching: Exploring Vietnamese teachers’ perceptions and its impact on student learning outcomes

This qualitative study investigates Vietnamese EFL teachers' perceptions of how their emotional maturity impacts students' learning outcomes. Amidst the growing recognition of emotional intelligence's significance in educational settings, this research focuses on the nuanced context of English as a Foreign Language (EFL) education in Vietnam, where cultural and language challenges present unique demands on teachers' emotional competencies. Through semi-structured interviews with nine teachers across different career stages—novice, mid-career, and near-end—the study explores themes related to emotional regulation, empathy, emotional support, and cultural sensitivity in teaching practices. Thematic analysis revealed that teachers' ability to manage their emotions, empathize with students, create supportive learning environments, and navigate cultural nuances plays a crucial role in enhancing student engagement, participation, and overall learning outcomes. These findings align with Mayer and Salovey's model of emotional intelligence and the concept of the prosocial classroom, highlighting the importance of emotional competencies in fostering effective teaching and learning environments. The study underscores the need for integrating emotional intelligence training in teacher education and professional development programs, emphasizing cultural sensitivity and inclusivity in teaching practices. This research adds to the body of knowledge on emotional intelligence in education, offering insights into its application in the EFL context and implications for teacher development and educational policy.

Topic: Emotional Intelligence and Performance
Subfield: Social Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
The pushbike song: Rolling physical cultural studies through the landscape

This article explores how small cities use cycling for both residential transportation and active tourism. While cycling may be child’s play, and indeed a part of childhood socialization, the ‘pushbike’ has a role in regional development. Our work investigates cycling and cycling policy. We then focus on one small city at the southern tip of Western Australia. Albany is attempting to transform itself into a cycling city and an international capital of cycling. This article engages trans-local cultural modelling and evaluates Albany’s goal in terms of health, sustainability and economic development. The synergetic and accidental commitment to cycling in Albany provides a model and opportunities for other small cities to consider, apply and improve.

Topic: Adventure Sports and Sensation Seeking
Subfield: Social Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Chlamydia trachomatis Subverts Alpha-Actinins To Stabilize Its Inclusion

Despite antibiotics, recurrent C. trachomatis infections cause significant damage to the genital tract in men and women. Without a preventative vaccine, it is paramount to understand the virulence mechanisms that Chlamydia employs to cause disease.

Topic: Reproductive tract infections research
Subfield: Microbiology
Field: Immunology and Microbiology
Domain: Life Sciences
General theory of quantum fingerprinting network

The purpose of fingerprinting is to compare long messages with low communication complexity. Compared with its classical version, quantum fingerprinting can realize exponential reduction in communication complexity. Recently, multiparty quantum fingerprinting is studied to determine whether the messages from many parties are all the same. However, the complete relationships among them, including which ones are the same, are more general for future applications. Here, we propose the relationship state G to describe all possible relationships among N messages. Based on this, we provide a general quantum fingerprinting network and then take the four-party quantum fingerprinting protocol as an example for detailed analysis. We take the full parameter optimization for the quantum fingerprinting protocol through asymmetric channel. The method of encoding more than one bit on each coherent state is used to further improve the performance of our protocol. Compared with other protocols, our protocol provides more relationships among different parties with only linear increase in communication complexity.

Topic: Quantum Information and Cryptography
Subfield: Artificial Intelligence
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Epi-detected quadruple-modal nonlinear optical microscopy for label-free imaging of the tooth

We present an epi-detected quadruple-modal nonlinear optical microscopic imaging technique (i.e., coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS), second-harmonic generation (SHG), third-harmonic generation (THG), and two-photon excited fluorescence (TPEF)) based on a picosecond (ps) laser-pumped optical parametric oscillator system for label-free imaging of the tooth. We demonstrate that high contrast ps-CARS images covering both the fingerprint (500–1800 cm−1) and high-wavenumber (2500–3800 cm−1) regions can be acquired to uncover the distributions of mineral and organic biomaterials in the tooth, while high quality TPEF, SHG, and THG images of the tooth can also be acquired under ps laser excitation without damaging the samples. The quadruple-modal nonlinear microscopic images (CARS/SHG/THG/TPEF) acquired provide better understanding of morphological structures and biochemical/biomolecular distributions in the dentin, enamel, and the dentin-enamel junction of the tooth without labeling, facilitating optical diagnosis and characterization of the tooth in dentistry.

Topic: Spectroscopy Techniques in Biomedical and Chemical Research
Subfield: Biophysics
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences