jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
The correlation of intraoperative hypotension and postoperative cognitive impairment: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Abstract Background There is no consensus on whether intraoperative hypotension is associated with postoperative cognitive impairment. Hence, we performed a meta-analysis to evaluate the correlation of intraoperative hypotension and the incidence of postoperative delirium (POD) or postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD).Methods We searched PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane library databases to find randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in which reported the relationship of intraoperative hypotension and POD or POCD. The retrieval time is up to January 2020, without language restrictions. Quality assessment of the eligible studies was conducted by two researchers independently using the Cochrane evaluation system.Results Five RCTs were included. For the incidence of POD, there are two studies with 99 participants in the low-blood pressure (LP) group and 94 participants in the high-blood pressure (HP) group. For the incidence of POCD, there are four studies with 360 participants in the LP group and 341 participants in the HP group, with a study contains both POD and POCD. No significant difference between the LP and the HP group was observed in the incidence of POD (RR = 3.30, 95% CI 0.80 to 13.54, P = 0.10), or POCD (RR = 1.26, 95% CI 0.76 to 2.08, P = 0.37). Furthermore, it also demonstrated that intraoperative hypotension prolonged the length of ICU stay, but did not increased the mortality, the length of hospital stay, and mechanical ventilation (MV) time.Conclusions There is no significant correlation between intraoperative hypotension and the incidence of POD or POCD.

Topic: Intensive Care Unit Cognitive Disorders
Subfield: Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Contact Modeling and Performance Evaluation of a Radial Standing Wave Ultrasonic Motor

The focus of this paper is to propose a contact model of a radial standing wave ultrasonic motor in order to evaluate the motor performance accurately. The contact behavior between the stator and rotor is characterized by test and a continuous contact on the contact interface is confirmed. A contact model describing the continuous contact is then developed with analytical method. The stator vibration, the force transmission between the stator and rotor, and the output of the motor are analyzed. The impacts of different vibration amplitudes and structural parameters on the performances of the motor are evaluated based on the proposed model. Finally, a test platform for measuring the performance of the motor is built and torque‐speed curves of the motor under different voltages are measured. The accuracy of the contact model is verified by comparison between measurement and calculation results. The proposed model not only can be used for design and optimization of the radial standing wave ultrasonic motor but also offers insight into the contact mechanics of standing wave ultrasonic motors.

Topic: Piezoelectric Actuators and Control
Subfield: Control and Systems Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Method of Optimization and Multi-criteria Evaluation of Distributed Combined Cooling Heating and Power Energy System

Different energy systems were developed on the basis of the major equipment of distributed energy systems (DES).According to the demand of loads, energy prices, and technical and financial information about optional technologies, using non-linear programming, an optimization model for DES was established.The optimum configuration, optimal operation scheme and evaluation criteria matrix were the results of the model.The information entropy was used to determine the weight distribution, then the multi-criteria comprehensive evaluation method was introduced.The results demonstrate that photovoltaic system is optimal scheme due to its lower cost, energy conservation and environmental protection.

Topic: Integrated Energy Systems Optimization
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Towards the safer transfer of children during winter bed crises: a survey of London paediatric registrars' opinions on current transfer arrangements in order to improve patient safety

&lt;sec&gt;&lt;st&gt;Aims&lt;/st&gt; During the busy winter season, large numbers of children are being transferred between hospitals in London due to bed shortages. This paper aims to research current practices, find out what information is considered to be essential in handover, whether children have been received in an unstable condition and if paediatric registrars would find a universal transfer protocol useful in reducing workload and improving patient safety. &lt;/sec&gt; &lt;sec&gt;&lt;st&gt;Methods&lt;/st&gt; Paediatric registrars of all grades were contacted by email and at London deanery training days and asked to complete a questionnaire on their views about current transfer procedures. &lt;/sec&gt; &lt;sec&gt;&lt;st&gt;Results&lt;/st&gt; 103 registrars from 27 hospitals in the London Deanery returned the questionnaire. Only 4.8% reported that their hospital had a transfer protocol. 89% said they were responsible for arranging the transfer of the child and that they spent an average of 2 hours per transfer. Alarmingly, 43.6% responded that they had accepted a child that had arrived in an unstable condition. In 8 (17.7%) of these cases, the child being transferred had breathing difficulties (six with asthma, two with croup). Insufficient access was another common theme including two children that needed intraosseus access on arrival. Two children required fluid boluses on arrival. One registrar described a child with sepsis and undiagnosed sickle cell disease who died shortly after arrival. Information expected in telephone handover and transfer letter is shown in the graph below (numbers in percentages of registrars who felt the information was essential) (&lt;cross-ref type="fig" refid="F1"&gt;figure 1&lt;/cross-ref&gt;): &lt;fig loc="float" id="F1"&gt;&lt;no&gt;Abstract G295 Figure 1&lt;/no&gt; &lt;link locator="archdischild-2012-301885.343fig1"&gt;&lt;/fig&gt; 94 registrars (91.2%) felt that a single universal protocol would be helpful in the management and transfer of patients in winter bed crises. &lt;/sec&gt; &lt;sec&gt;&lt;st&gt;Conclusions&lt;/st&gt; It is clear from the results that improvements need to be made to patient safety during transfers in winter bed crises. It appears that the most vulnerable patients to deterioration during transfer are those with respiratory difficulties, consequently particular care should be taken to stabilise these patients prior to transfer. As the majority of registrars felt that a universal protocol would be helpful to improve safety and ease of transfer, the researchers are now trialling new transfer paperwork. &lt;/sec&gt;

Topic: Trauma and Emergency Care Studies
Subfield: Emergency Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Sean O’Casey, W. B. Yeats and the Dance of Life (1966)

The reader of O'Casey's autobiographies soon becomes aware of the transcendent importance that dancing had for him. He even judges political leaders in terms of their readiness to dance. 'One could never conceive of Griffith dancing a reel', he remarks in Inishfallen, Fare Thee Well (p. 97),1 'but could easily imagine Collins doing a wild dance in the courtyard of the castle.' In Drums Under the Windows (p. 221), he reveres Jim Larkin as one who proclaimed 'poetry, dancing, and principles' as gifts of God, and later describes how he told an astonished secretary of the Protestant Orphan Society that his young nephew could better worship God 'by song and dance and magic story' than by attending Sunday school (p. 257). In Sunset and Evening Star (p. 228), he praises James Joyce as 'a lad born with a song on one side of him, a dance on the other — two gay guardian angels every human ought to have'. Whether W. B. Yeats passed this test of O'Casey's is not certain. O'Casey felt at times that Yeats lived in a remote, private world, and thought his Plays for Dancers esoteric and undramatic. In Drums Under the Windows (p. 188) he remarks that Yeats 'would not kindle a flame in the eyes of the common people… though in a strange, deep way he loved the common people more than Griffith, MacNeill, or De Valera'. This ambivalence of attitude towards Yeats is also apparent in O'Casey's own plays for dancers, whose full meaning is sometimes to be sought in O'Casey's reactions to Yeatsian ideals.KeywordsCommon PeopleFinal ScenePrivate WorldFine BronzeFine ClothesThese keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.

Topic: Irish and British Studies
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
ARGUS: Visualization of AI-Assisted Task Guidance in AR

The concept of augmented reality (AR) assistants has captured the human imagination for decades, becoming a staple of modern science fiction. To pursue this goal, it is necessary to develop artificial intelligence (AI)-based methods that simultaneously perceive the 3D environment, reason about physical tasks, and model the performer, all in real-time. Within this framework, a wide variety of sensors are needed to generate data across different modalities, such as audio, video, depth, speech, and time-of-flight. The required sensors are typically part of the AR headset, providing performer sensing and interaction through visual, audio, and haptic feedback. AI assistants not only record the performer as they perform activities, but also require machine learning (ML) models to understand and assist the performer as they interact with the physical world. Therefore, developing such assistants is a challenging task. We propose ARGUS, a visual analytics system to support the development of intelligent AR assistants. Our system was designed as part of a multi year-long collaboration between visualization researchers and ML and AR experts. This co-design process has led to advances in the visualization of ML in AR. Our system allows for online visualization of object, action, and step detection as well as offline analysis of previously recorded AR sessions. It visualizes not only the multimodal sensor data streams but also the output of the ML models. This allows developers to gain insights into the performer activities as well as the ML models, helping them troubleshoot, improve, and fine tune the components of the AR assistant.

Topic: Augmented Reality Applications
Subfield: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Population and households dynamics: A mountainous district in northern Japan in the Shûmon Aratame Chô of Aizu, 1750–1850

The authors examine population trends, demographic characteristics, and the family reproduction system in a highland area of Japan. Aizu district is located in northeastern Japan and has both a mountainous area and a narrow plain. The study is based on Shûmon Aratame Chô (SAC), population registers of four villages between 1750 and 1850 and focuses on the mountainous sector. Demographically, this area stagnated because of its isolation and remoteness. There were few migrations in or out. The peasants married early but bore few children. The authors show how demographic patterns are interrelated with family and household patterns. The most frequent family type was the stem family household, traditionally considered as characteristic of Japan, where the ie (house) was usually transmitted to a single heir. Family transmissions of the rural estate are observed in detail. A household cycle took about 30–35 years to complete. Major differences were seen among social classes, but, overall, Aizu families possessed ideals of ie and were incorporated into ie systems, particularly in the upper classes.

Topic: Financial Crisis of the 21st Century
Subfield: Finance
Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance
Domain: Social Sciences
Oestrone and equilin in the plasma of the pregnant mare.

A method for the extraction of oestrone and equilin from the plasma of the pregnant mare is described, and the levels obtained for eighty-two samples from fourteen Welsh Mountain Ponies at different stages of pregnancy are recorded. Oestrone (fifteen samples) and equilin (three samples) were not found before Day 120. From Day 120 to 240, oestrone levels exceeded 100 ng/ml and then declined to parturition. The high concentrations of oestrone in mid-pregnancy were associated with gradually increasing concentrations of equilin which tended to plateau after Day 180 at just under 100 ng/ml and declined significantly only in the last month of pregnancy. Evidence is presented that both oestrone and equilin occur in peripheral plasma largely as sulphates.

Topic: Reproductive Physiology in Livestock
Subfield: Agronomy and Crop Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Disease Prevalence and Mortality among Agricultural Workers in Korea

The aim of this paper was to provide an overview of mortality and disease prevalence related to occupational diseases among agricultural workers in Korea.We evaluated the age-standardized mortality rates and the prevalence of chronic diseases and compared them with those of other populations using death registration data from 2004 through 2008 and the 2005 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.In addition, we conducted a literature review on published articles examining the health status of farmers in Korea.Agricultural workers have a significantly higher mortality of cancer, tuberculosis, chronic respiratory diseases, liver diseases, suicide, motor and non-motor vehicle accidents.Compared to other populations, farmers have higher prevalence rates of arthritis and intervertebral disc disorders.The literature review revealed a number of workrelated diseases among farmers, such as musculoskeletal diseases, pesticide poisoning, infections, and respiratory and neurologic diseases.Korean farmers demonstrate a distinct pattern of mortality and disease prevalence compared to other populations.Although lifestyle factors remain important contributors to those deaths and diseases, our study suggests that occupation is a major determinant as well.Intensive programs such as surveillance systems, therefore, should be developed in order to identify and prevent workrelated diseases among agricultural workers in Korea.

Topic: Agriculture and Farm Safety
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Hordeum vulgare L. subsp. vulgare IG 23038

Plant Genetic Resource.<br>Taxonomy: Hordeum vulgare L. subsp. vulgare<br>Common name(s): Barley<br>Conserved by: International Centre for Agricultural Research in Dry Areas (ICARDA), Lebanon<br>Local sample unique identifier: IG 23038<br>Method of creation: Acquisition<br>Date: 1977<br>Other identifiers: n/a,ICB 106172<br>Historical: No<br>Biological status: Traditional cultivar/landrace<br>MLS status: Included

Topic: Microbial Metabolism and Applications
Subfield: Biotechnology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Craniofacial characteristics of Klippel-Feil syndrome in an eight year old female.

A female eight year, one month old patient with Klippel-Feil syndrome has been introduced. General appearance of the patient was characterized by short neck with limited head movements, craniofacial asymmetry, low posterior hairline and a short stature. Cephalometric analysis revealed a Class I dentoskeletal pattern with an excessive mandibular plane angle and fused cervical vertebrae. Panoramic radiogram showed congenitally missing lower second premolars and right central incisor.

Topic: Craniofacial Disorders and Treatments
Subfield: Genetics
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
How to produce diagnostic orthopaedic radiographs

Orthopaedic radiography can be challenging, but also very rewarding when good diagnostic radiographs are produced. This article explains the necessary theory required and details a step by step standard technique to achieve this. Positioning points and tips are given for the shoulder, elbow, pelvis and stifle.

Topic: Musculoskeletal Disorders and Rehabilitation
Subfield: Rehabilitation
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Measurement of high conversion efficiency to 123.6-nm radiation in a four-wave-mixing scheme enhanced by electromagnetically induced transparency

We report measurements of the absolute yield of 123.6-nm vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) radiation produced in a resonant four-wave-mixing scheme in krypton enhanced by electromagnetically induced transparency. One of the mixing fields, in the ultraviolet (UV) at 212.55 nm, was in two-photon resonance with the ${4p}^{6}{}^{1}{S}_{0}--{4p}^{5}5p[0,\frac{1}{2}]$ transition of krypton, while a second field (the coupling field) at 759 nm was resonant with the ${4p}^{5}5p[0,\frac{1}{2}]{\ensuremath{-}4p}^{5}5s[1,\frac{1}{2}]$ transition. Electromagnetically induced transparency has been predicted to be induced by this coupling field and to enhance the efficiency of the generation of the field at 123.6 nm, on the ${4p}^{5}5s[1,\frac{1}{2}]$ to ${4p}^{6}{}^{1}{S}_{0}$ transition. This was confirmed by measurements of the absolute VUV radiation yield using a calibrated photodiode in the limit of a large density-length product. Energies of \ensuremath{\sim}30 nJ were produced, which gave a conversion efficiency, from the coupling field energy of \ensuremath{\sim}1%. Higher yields are thought to be achievable by increasing the coupling laser intensity, the path length of the medium, and by the use of a transform-limited UV pulse of the same duration as the coupling field.

Topic: Quantum optics and atomic interactions
Subfield: Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Phasic dopamine release identification using ensemble of AlexNet

Dopamine (DA) is an organic chemical that influences several parts of behaviour and physical functions. Fast-scan cyclic voltammetry (FSCV) is a technique used for in vivo phasic dopamine release measurements. The analysis of such measurements, though, requires notable effort. In this paper, we present the use of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) for the identification of phasic dopamine releases.

Topic: EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces
Subfield: Cognitive Neuroscience
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences
CCDC 185352: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.

Topic: Crystallization and Solubility Studies
Subfield: Materials Chemistry
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Remote Industrial Sensor Network Monitoring Using M2M Based Ethical Sniffers

Diagnosing the deployed network efficiency and anomaly detection, which is an important research issue in traditional networking systems, has not been carefully addressed in industrial wireless sensor networks. Although recent wireless systems for industrial automation such as ISA100.11a employ device management protocols, these protocols generate and report a large amount of status information from individual sensor nodes. Also, these protocols do not capture influences on network performance from external sources such as malicious nodes or interference from other networks. We propose a latent network diagnosis system (LaNDS) for industrial sensor networks. LaNDS employs a packet sniffing method for efficiently evaluating network performance and instantly identifying degradation causes of networking performance. LaNDS adopts an efficient network evaluation approach for detecting abnormalities from both internal and external causes. In our proposed monitoring scenario, special sniffer devices having M2M capability (WiMAX interface) are used to monitor the industrial sensor network by employing ethical sniffing. Our approach does not incur additional traffic overhead for collecting desired information. For evaluation, we have tested LaNDS locally on an ISA100.11a based sensor network in a lab environment and have validated the efficiency of the system based on the possible erroneous cases of industrial sensor network.

Topic: Energy Efficient Wireless Sensor Networks
Subfield: Computer Networks and Communications
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Comparison of wideband phased array concepts for achieving frequency independent radiation characteristics

A comparison of three phased array concepts that can be used to reduce the frequency dependence of the radiation characteristics of very wideband phased arrays is presented. The three concepts consist of a multiband array, a frequency tapered array and an array with varying element sizes and element distances. Parameters such as aperture area, number of elements, gain, effective radiated power (ERP) and half-power beamwidth (HPBW) are presented. It is shown that for two of the studied concepts, the frequency dependence can be drastically reduced compared to a conventional wideband phased array. Application of the array concepts in radar and electronic support measure (ESM) are discussed.

Topic: Antenna Design and Optimization
Subfield: Aerospace Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
OCCURRENCE, DISTRIBUTION, SITE FIDELITY, AND SCHOOL SIZE OF BOTTLENOSE DOLPHINS (<i>TURSIOPS TRUNCATUS</i>) OFF SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA

A bstract The occurrence, distribution, site fidelity, and school size of bottlenose dolphins ( Tursiops truncatus ) in the coastal waters of north San Diego County, California were assessed during a six‐year boat‐based photoidentification study. A total of 146 photographic surveys were conducted between January 1984 and December 1989. Dolphin schools were encountered on 79% of all surveys, and 2, 869 individuals were observed in 145 separate schools. Three‐hundred seventy‐three dolphins were individually identified. All schools were sighted within 1 km of shore, and more than two thirds of the schools were encountered in the southern half of the 32‐km long study area. School size (mean = 19.8, SD = 18.40) and the number of dolphins encountered per survey (mean = 26.8, SD = 22.30) were highly variable. Low resighting rates of known individuals provided little evidence for longterm site fidelity. When our six‐year photoidentification database was combined with previous data, 404 dolphins were identified in the study area from September 1981 to December 1989. Jolly‐Seber population estimates during the 1984‐1989 study period varied between 234 and 285. The combination of regular dolphin occurrence, low site fidelity by known individuals, and the continuous increase in the rate at which new dolphins were identified indicates that numerous different individuals were visiting the study area across and within years. The open California coastline differs in habitat structure and prey distribution from more protected study areas where bottlenose dolphins display site fidelity. These habitat differences may help to explain the observed intraspecific behavioral variability of this species.

Topic: Marine animal studies overview
Subfield: Ecology
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences