jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Long-term Mortality Outcomes of Hyperkalemic Patients in the Emergency Department Setting: A Case Control Study

Background:The impact of an episode of hyperkalemia on long term mortality is not well studied.Such a study is vital for development of a utilization strategy for new drugs for the treatment of hyperkalemia.To study the long term impact of hyperkalemia on mortality, we conducted a retrospective, observational casecontrol study in a tertiary care emergency department.We compared cases of non-hemolyzed serum potassium >5.3 mEq/L with normokalemic controls.Allcause mortality and causes of death were determined from social security death index, national death index, and medical record review over a follow-up period of 490 patient years. Methods and Findings:A total of 287 consecutive subjects (223 cases, 64 controls) were identified among 14,483 patients.Cox proportional hazard regression showed that for each 1 mEq/L increase in admit potassium, all-cause mortality Hazard Ratio was 1.54, 95% Confidence Interval: 1.22-1.96.Subgroup analyses showed higher mortality in acute kidney injury and heart failure patients. Conclusion:Hyperkalemia predicted all-cause mortality, when adjusted for age, sex, Charlson comorbidity index, and significant covariates (heart failure and end stage renal disease).The deleterious effect of admit hyperkalemia persisted in survivors from index episode throughout the study period.Cardiovascular mortality was statistically more prevalent.Future studies are needed for risk stratification strategies and mortality impact of newer drugs.

Topic: Potassium and Related Disorders
Subfield: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Oxytocic Effect of Ananas comosus fruit Juice on isolated Pregnant Rats

SUMMARY This work sought to find out whether Ananas comosus (pineapple) juice can cause abortion in gravid albino rats. Thirty two pregnant albino rats were used in two separate in vivo experiments. The first set of 16 pregnant rats were divided into 4 groups and groups 2, 3 and 4 were assigned undiluted pineapple juice for 24hrs, 36hrs, 48hrs respectively, while group 1 served as control. The pregnant rats were monitored closely for possible abortions till they littered. The procedure was repeated with the other set of 16 pregnant rats. The effect of the juice was also determined on an isolated pregnant rat uterus. Results obtained in the two separate in vivo trials showed no abortions as the rats had their young ones at term. In the in vitro work, the juice however induced strong uterine contractions similar to that of oxytocin. The results therefore suggest that Ananas comosus juice contain some active ingredients with uterine contractile effects which may cause abortion in the same manner as oxytocin but may have been metabolized after oral administration.

Topic: Neuroendocrine regulation and behavior
Subfield: Social Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
A106 SAFETY OF USTEKINUMAB WITH AND WITHOUT CONCOMITANT CORTICOSTEROIDS OR IMMUNOSUPPRESSANTS IN PATIENTS WITH MODERATELY-TO-SEVERELY ACTIVE CROHN’S DISEASE

BACKGROUND: Ustekinumab (UST), a monoclonal antibody to IL-12 and 23, was recently approved for the treatment of moderate-severe CD. AIMS: Here we report safety data with and without concomitant use of Immunomodulators(IMM) and corticosteroids(CS) in induction and maintenance in pts pooled from the Phase 2 and 3 CD studies. METHODS: Percentages of pts experiencing safety events (AEs, SAEs, infections, and deaths) were assessed with and without concomitant IMM or CS use at baseline after IV ustekinumab (UST) or placebo (PBO) induction (8 weeks) and were then also compared with SC UST or PBO maintenance (up to 44 weeks) from the Phase 2 and 3 CD clinical studies. Pts who received IV UST (doses included: 130mg flat dose and 1, 3, 4.5, & 6 mg/kg) during the PBO-controlled induction period (Week 0–8) were pooled from 2 Phase 2 (C0379T07 & CERTIFI) and 2 Phase 3 (UNITI-1 and 2) clinical studies (total n= 1,986). For maintenance, SC UST (combining 90mg q8w and q12w) and PBO were pooled and compared in the randomized responder populations (ie responders to IV UST induction) from the maintenance phase of the Phase 2 CERTIFI (Week 8 to Week 22) and Phase 3 IM-UNITI (Week 0 to Week 44) studies (total n= 541). RESULTS: No death occurred in either the induction or maintenance phases in any groups. Through 8 weeks of induction, the percentages of pts with AEs, SAEs, and infections were similar between UST and PBO both on and off IMM and CS: across all 4 subgroups, for UST, 58–63% had AEs, 4–7% had SAEs, and 19–23% had infections and for PBO, 56–66% had AEs, 5–9% had SAEs, and 21–26% had infections. In maintenance, proportions of pts experiencing AEs, SAEs, and infections were generally similar between UST and PBO groups both on and off IMM and CS,: across all 4 subgroups, for UST, 72–82% had AEs, 9–10% had SAEs, and 41–43% had infections and for PBO, 77–87% had AEs, 9–15% had SAEs, and 37–49% had infections. Proportions of pts on CS in both the UST and PBO groups experienced slightly higher rates of AEs compared with those not on CS (UST, 82% vs 74%, respectively; PBO, 87% vs 76%, respectively).Additionally, PBO pts on CS also experienced slightly higher rates of SAEs (15%) and infections (49%) than the other groups (9–12% with SAEs; 37–43% with infections). CONCLUSIONS: No differences in safety data were identified based on the use of concomitant IMMs or CSs in UST-treated pts with either IV induction or with SC maintenance compared to PBO. The concomitant use of IMM or CS during either IV induction or SC maintenance treatment with UST did not adversely impact the previously reported favorable safety profile of UST in moderate to severe CD pts, although concomitant CS did result in slightly higher rates of events during maintenance, particularly in the PBO group. FUNDING AGENCIES: Janssen Research & Development, LLC funded this study

Topic: Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Subfield: Genetics
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Visual search for safety colors under low illuminance conditions

Abstract: This study aims to examine the search efficiency under low illuminance conditions for three safety colors; red, orange and yellow, which are used for danger and caution signs. They are subjected to a visual search task. Images of visual stimuli consisting of an array of colored circles placed on a large visual field (a visual angle of 40 deg.) were displayed on an 80-inch screen through a projector. Illuminance conditions were controlled by decreasing luminous intensity from the light source of the projector using neutral density filters. Three illuminance conditions were set with a linear regression equation corresponding to the luminance of color chips for safety colors and surrounding illuminance in the twilight conditions. Reaction time was measured as functions of the target color, the number of distractors and the illuminance condition. The results showed that the search efficiency for orange decreased with increasing the number of distractors under different illuminance conditions, whereas that of red and yellow scarcely decreased. As illuminance lowers, searching for orange became more difficult than for red and yellow. Consequently, it is implied that as surrounding illuminance lowers in the twilight, orange becomes harder to search compared with red and yellow.

Topic: Color perception and design
Subfield: Social Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
PENGARUH TEKANAN PANAS TERHADAP KELELAHAN PEKERJA

Fatigue is a condition of decreased efficiency and decreased work capacity and endurance. Fatigue can be influenced by individual factors such as age, length of work and nutritional status. Fatigue can also be influenced by physical environmental factors, namely heat pressure. The purpose of this study was to know the influence of heat pressure on fatigue in workers in the workshop of Sub Assembly, Assembly MPL and Assembly CBL PT. X Year 2019.This type of research is observational analytic with research design using Cross Sectional approach. a sample size of 34 workers. Data analysis was performed by univariate analysis and bivariate test with a statistical test namely Chi Square Test.Research results on workers in the Commercial Ship Division of X mostly aged ≤ 40 years with 91.2% with working duration kerja 8 hours / day as much as 100%, having fat nutritional status as much as 58.8%, heat exposure did not meet the requirements as much as 58.8% and experienced fatigue as much as 88 , 2%. The results of statistical tests using the Chi Square test showed p value equal to 0,039 (p value ≤ 0,05) which means there is an influence of heat pressure on the fatigue of workers in the Merchant Marine Division of PT. X in 2019.It is recommended to add an air ventilation place in the form of a window, adding a blower and workers often consume drinking water provided by the company. Keywords: Heat Pressure, Fatigue

Topic: Occupational Health and Safety Management
Subfield: Occupational Therapy
Field: Health Professions
Domain: Health Sciences
Computational Argumentation and Cognition

This paper examines the interdisciplinary research question of how to integrate Computational Argumentation, as studied in AI, with Cognition, as can be found in Cognitive Science, Linguistics, and Philosophy. It stems from the work of the 1st Workshop on Computational Argumentation and Cognition (COGNITAR), which was organized as part of the 24th European Conference on Artificial Intelligence (ECAI), and took place virtually on September 8th, 2020. The paper begins with a brief presentation of the scientific motivation for the integration of Computational Argumentation and Cognition, arguing that within the context of Human-Centric AI the use of theory and methods from Computational Argumentation for the study of Cognition can be a promising avenue to pursue. A short summary of each of the workshop presentations is given showing the wide spectrum of problems where the synthesis of the theory and methods of Computational Argumentation with other approaches that study Cognition can be applied. The paper presents the main problems and challenges in the area that would need to be addressed, both at the scientific level but also at the epistemological level, particularly in relation to the synthesis of ideas and approaches from the various disciplines involved.

Topic: Multi-Agent Systems and Negotiation
Subfield: Artificial Intelligence
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Renewable Energy Transition and Sustainable Economic Growth in South Asia: Insights from the CO2 Emissions Policy Threshold

This article examines the asymmetric effects of renewable energy on sustainable economic growth across six South Asian countries from 2000 to 2023, employing panel data and threshold regression analysis. The findings indicate that CO2 emissions must remain below a threshold of 2.38% to support the integration of renewable energy with sustainable growth. Furthermore, access to clean energy and technologies should exceed 3.38%, and urbanization must be managed at a complementary threshold of 3.21%. These results are consistent with various studies investigating the renewable energy transition’s economic impacts globally. It is recommended that South Asia focus on reducing CO2 emissions below the identified threshold, enhancing clean energy access and innovation above the designated thresholds, and supporting urban growth as part of its policy initiatives. Such actions are essential for fostering economic growth and ensuring the sustainability of the region. The study recommends that the South Asian region take decisive steps to reduce CO2 emissions and enhance access to clean energy while accommodating urban population growth. It highlights the importance of transitioning to renewable energy to stimulate economic growth and maintain trade and foreign direct investment (FDI) as a viable part of the gross domestic product. The study suggests that investments in Gross Capital Formation (GCF), trade, and FDI will yield long-term benefits, although short-term policy adjustments may disrupt resource allocation and hinder economic and renewable energy development. Future research should explore the complex interactions between CO2 emissions, clean energy access, FDI, and trade, particularly in light of recent trade policies, including U.S. tariffs. Investigating these relationships through advanced methodologies, such as machine learning, could provide valuable insights into drivers of renewable energy transition and economic outcomes.

Topic: Energy, Environment, and Transportation Policies
Subfield: Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment
Field: Energy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Linked collectors and determiners for: Palaearctic Hoplitis bees of the subgenera Chlidoplitis and Megahoplitis (Megachilidae, Osmiini): biology, taxonomy and key to species.

Natural history specimen data linked to collectors and determiners held within, "Palaearctic Hoplitis bees of the subgenera Chlidoplitis and Megahoplitis (Megachilidae, Osmiini): biology, taxonomy and key to species". Claims or attributions were made on Bionomia by volunteer Scribes, https://bionomia.net/dataset/70f988df-b3bb-4994-a6a4-ab51934194d5 using specimen data from the dataset aggregated by the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, https://gbif.org/dataset/70f988df-b3bb-4994-a6a4-ab51934194d5. Formatted as a Frictionless Data package.

Topic: Plant and animal studies
Subfield: Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
A new voice: translating medical questionnaires

Abstract Medical translation is performed as a series of collaborative efforts from doctors and professional translators. Very often the results of their collaboration are medical questionnaires intended for patients. Medical survey instruments have proved their worth as reliable tools of a considerable predictive value, though their translation requires a specific methodology due to a culture-bound character of the material. Equivalence of the original and translated texts, translation quality, and the respondents’ ultimate satisfaction with the surveying practice depend to a great extent upon the degree of translator’s cultural competence, health literacy, and his/her awareness of the pragmatic and communicative aspects of translation. The task of producing and validating an accurate and fluently translated Ukrainian version of a disease-specific health-related quality-of-life instrument is exemplified by the IOF’s 1-min risk test, a 10-item questionnaire, designed to evaluate the likelihood of developing osteoporosis.

Topic: Interpreting and Communication in Healthcare
Subfield: General Health Professions
Field: Health Professions
Domain: Health Sciences
Morphology, Phonology and Aphasia

Neuropsycholinguistics - the interaction between linguistics, psycholinguistics, and aphasiology - has, over the past two decades, established itself as a multidisciplinary science worthy of its recent attention in Drs. Nespoulous and Villiard's Morphology, and In this new volume in the Springer Series in Neuropsychology, the editors have most successfully developed a multidisciplinary team of research through the organization of two symposia - one on Morphology and Aphasia, the other focused on Phonology and Aphasia. Toward the goal of better understanding the aphasic patients' verbal behavior, the contributing authors of this important work offer their respective expertise, continuing the recent evolution of developments in the fields of morphology and phonology.

Topic: Neurobiology of Language and Bilingualism
Subfield: Cognitive Neuroscience
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences
Optimal binary phase-only matched filters

Many spatial light modulators and computer-generated hologram techniques can very efficiently implement binary phase-only filters. At present, almost all binary phase-only filters are designed by first designing a matched spatial filter and then binarizing it. There is no theoretical basis to expect that such a filter will be optimal. This paper first develops a theory for optimal binary phase-only filters and then presents a numerical algorithm which designs the optimal binary phase-only matched filter for a given image. The filter is optimal in the matched filter sense of maximizing SNR at the output origin. Characteristics of the optimal filter compared to conventional binary phase-only filters are discussed.

Topic: Advanced Optical Imaging Technologies
Subfield: Media Technology
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Numerical and Experimental Evaluation of Ultrasonic Wave Propagation Characteristics at Contact Interface

As a background of the ultrasonic characterization of contact interfaces, ultrasonic wave propagation characteristics at contacting solid surfaces have been studied numerically and experimentally. The wave propagation along the contact interface has been simulated by the two-dimensional finite difference method, assuming a spring-type interface with normal and tangential stiffnesses. The analysis has verified that the antisymmetric-mode interface wave can be generated by the shear excitation at one end of the interface, and its phase velocity can be evaluated with good accuracy from the waveform received at the other end. Measurement of the phase velocity of the interface wave has been carried out for contacting PMMA surfaces under different contact pressures, together with the shear-wave reflection measurement to evaluate the interface tangential stiffness. The measured relation between the phase velocity and the tangential stiffness has been shown to agree well with the theoretical relation for the antisymmetric-mode interface wave.

Topic: Ultrasonics and Acoustic Wave Propagation
Subfield: Mechanics of Materials
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Guides: Islamic sources: Sharia (Islamic law) studies

Welcome - Merhaba - أهلا وسهلا - Hosgeldiniz - خوش آمدید ! This guide focuses on the study of the sources of Islam: the Qur'an, and the Shari'a (Islamic Law). It is tailored to the courses offered by the McGill Institute of Islamic Studies.

Topic: Islamic Studies and History
Subfield: Political Science and International Relations
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Heterocyclic Polymers Derived from 1,2,4,5-Naphythalene tetracarboxylic Acid Dianhydride

Polycondensation of 3,3'-diaminobenzidine and 1,2,4,5- naphthalenetetracarboxylic acid dianhydride in aprotic solvents at 80C to 120C gave soluble low molecular weight polymers. Increasing the reaction temperature to 160 led to further condensation and gave increasing amounts of insoluble cross-linked material. Some higher molecular weight solid polymer was obtained when m-cresol was used as solvent. The low molecular weight polymers could be further condensed and chain extended with about a twofold increase in molecular weight by heating at 250 C/0.1 mm. However, linear polymers which had been prepared in aprotic solvents up to 80C, on 'second staging' gave 33% to 39% of insoluble cross-linked material. This is believed to be due to a branching reaction taking place between 80C and 120C at the ortho anhydride linkage.

Topic: Hermeneutics and Narrative Identity
Subfield: Philosophy
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Light Propagation Characteristics of Meridian and Surrounding Non-meridian Tissue

According to the principle of light propagation,an automatic measurement system for scattering light survey of meridian and surrounding non-meridian at 808 nm central wavelength was designed and the effect of laser power on light decay rate of tissue were discussed.The diffusion theory of light transporting in biological tissues was used to analyze the experimental results.The results showed that there were statistical differences between meridian and surrounding non-meridian(P0.05).We also found the differences in optical parameters that the average attenuation factor value of pericardium meridian was lower than spleen meridian.In this article,our study showed laser power had no influence on attenuation of light in biological tissues that proved the attenuation is determined by tissue optical characteristics.

Topic: Optical Imaging and Spectroscopy Techniques
Subfield: Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Contributions of Valine-292 in the Nicotinamide Binding Site of Liver Alcohol Dehydrogenase and Dynamics to Catalysis<sup>,</sup>

The participation of Val-292 in catalysis by alcohol dehydrogenase and the involvement of dynamics were investigated. Val-292 interacts with the nicotinamide ring of the bound coenzyme and may facilitate hydride transfer. The substitution of Val-292 with Ser (V292S) increases the dissociation constants for the coenzymes (NAD(+) by 50-fold, NADH by 75-fold) and the turnover numbers by 3-7-fold. The V292S enzyme crystallized in the presence of NAD(+) and 2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorobenzyl alcohol has an open conformation similar to the structure of the wild-type apo-enzyme, rather than the closed conformation observed for ternary complexes with wild-type enzyme. The V292S substitution perturbs the conformational equilibrium of the enzyme and decreases the kinetic complexity, which permits study of the hydride transfer step with steady-state kinetics. Eyring plots show that the DeltaH for the oxidation (V(1)) of the protio and deuterio benzyl alcohols is 13 kcal/mol and that the kinetic isotope effect of 4.1 is essentially temperature-independent. Eyring plots for the catalytic efficiency for reduction of benzaldehyde (V(2)/K(p)) with NADH or NADD are distinctly convex, being temperature-dependent from 5 to 25 degrees C and temperature-independent from 25 to 50 degrees C; the kinetic isotope effect of 3.2 for V(2)/K(p) is essentially independent of the temperature. The temperature dependencies and isotope effects for V(1) and V(2)/K(p) are not adequately explained by semiclassical transition state theory and are better explained by hydride transfer occurring through vibrationally assisted tunneling.

Topic: Hemoglobin structure and function
Subfield: Cell Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Changes in Homeownership and Households, 1993 to 1995: An Evaluation of Estimates from the Current Population Survey

Long-term changes in the number of households and the rate of homeownership serve as indicators of trends in the housing sector and in economic and social well-being. The Census Bureau's Current Population Survey (CPS), the principal data source used to measure these trends, underwent major design changes in 1994. Users have questioned whether these changes affected the CPS's accuracy as a basis for measuring trends during the first half of the 1990s.This research note uses independent estimates from the American Housing Survey (AHS) to assess nonsampling errors introduced by the 1994 CPS changes. The results indicate that the CPS-based Housing Vacancy Survey (HVS) significantly underestimates the 1993 to 1995 growth in the number of households. Differences between homeownership trends estimated by the HVS and AHS are not significant.

Topic: Housing Market and Economics
Subfield: Economics and Econometrics
Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance
Domain: Social Sciences
ChemInform Abstract: A Novel Double Olefination. Highly Stereoselective Synthesis of Trifluoromethylated 1,3‐Butadienylphosphonates.

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.

Topic: Fluorine in Organic Chemistry
Subfield: Pharmaceutical Science
Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics
Domain: Life Sciences