jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
The importance of understanding different management paradigms in today's global economy

Merely recognising the existence of international management philosophies (e.g. Indian, Chinese, and Japanese) does not guarantee success in the workplace, conversely ignoring them may cause managerial problems which in turn is likely to significantly impair the development of a learning organisation. With globalisation in mind, this paper focuses on the futuristic learning organisation and attempts to analyse how the 21st century organisation would react to diverse management cultures. In light of the fact that a central aspect of the current knowledge economy is the need to develop Learning Organisations, a meta level framework is provided. This framework highlights that in learning organisations not only essential to foster Knowledge Management (KM) tools and strategies, but also to recognise that these KM drivers and facilitators are significantly moderated by culture and management style. In order to explore differing managerial styles in detail, this papers also presents a model that enables different management philosophies (i.e. Western, Chinese, Indian, Japanese management, and the Overseas Chinese Network) to be positioned against a key of common factors. From this model recommendations are made to facilitate the adoption of the appropriate managerial style to support effective operations and the transition to a learning organisation.

Topic: Organizational Learning and Leadership
Subfield: Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management
Field: Business, Management and Accounting
Domain: Social Sciences
Diagnostic Value of Combined Detection of CRP and GHbA1c in Screening of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

Objective To investigate the application value of combined detection of C reactive protein(CRP) and glycosylated hemoglobin(GHbAlc) in screening of gestational diabetes mellitus.Methods 39 pregnant women diagnosed with gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM) in our hospital were assigned to group GDM,while 45 healthy pregnant women wh were assigned to normal group.CRP,GHbAlc were determined by immune turbidimetry.Positive rate,sensitivity and specificity by CRP detection,GHbAlc detection,and combined detection of CRP and GHbAlc were analyzed respectively.Results CRP and GHbAlc levels in the group GDM,(7.15±3.51) mg/L,(6.69±1.58)%,were significantly higher than those in the normal group,and the differences were statistical significant(P0.05).Positive rate,sensitivity and specificity under combined detection of CRP and GHbAlc,97.44%,97.44%,92.31%were significantly higher than those under CRP detection and GHbAlc detection,and the differences between the three groups were statistically significant(P0.05).Conclusion With high sensitivity and specificity,combined detection of CRP and GHbAlc can be used for the screening of gestational diabetes mellitus.

Topic: Oral microbiology and periodontitis research
Subfield: Periodontics
Field: Dentistry
Domain: Health Sciences
Primary Osteintegration in the Study of Biomimetic Surfaces

The study and use of biomaterials dates back to very ancient cultures such as that of the Mayas, the Egyptians and the Phoenicians; however the study on biomaterials as a science is to be considered recently developed, indeed dating back only to half of the nineteenth century. Archeological finds showed that Phoenicians used to tie artificial teeth to the natural ones with golden wires and that the Egyptians used different materials to build prosthesis. The first find that reached us, dates back to the Egyptian era (1000 600 b.C.) and is a woman’s toe. The device named “Cairo Toe” is made of wood and skin, and is assembled in order to be flexible and both the shape and the wearing effect of time suggest that it helped its owner to walk; then it is considered the first functional prosthesis (Huebsch & Mooney, 2009). More finds instead, such as for hands and feet or a finger of parchment and chalk kept at the British Museum in London, are only aesthetic substitutes, since this culture used to carefully get ready for the afterlife. As far as regards oral implantology, the first find reached to us is a Maya’s era mandible’s splinter with three implants made of half shell which were the substitute of three missing foreteeth, datable approximately to VIII Century a.C., discovered by the archeologist Wilson Popenoe, in 1931, during some diggings in Playa de los Muertos, in Honduras. According to some studies made by the Brasilian, but native of Italy, dentistry Amedeo Bobbio during 1970, the three shells were not implanted in the relative alveolus after death, but during the life. Indeed, by the find’s X-Ray, he noticed a real, “osteointegration”, as we woluld say today all around the shells, certainly due to their largecontent of calcium phosphate (Bucci Sabattini, 2007). This find represents a fundamental stage in biomaterials’ history being the first osteointegrated implant which came to us. Considering the recent history, since ‘800, there are several documentations of efforts and experiments for orthodontic implants. The greatest development of endosseous implantology has been in the ‘70s with Stefano Tramonte’s suggestion to use titanium to replace surgical steel as an implant’s material. The Dutch School, also around the half of ‘70s, introduced the use of calcium hydroxyapatite inspired by previous studies on tricalcium phosphate. The osteointegrated implant methodology was initaited in the ‘80s by doctor Per-Ingvar Branemark, professor in applied biotechnologies at University of Gothenburg, who developed the osteointegrated implants in the oral surgery, providing inspiration for other applications. Branemark defined osteointegration as the direct structural and functional connection between living bone and the surface of a load bearing artificial implant (Branemark et al., 1977). The basic

Topic: Dental Implant Techniques and Outcomes
Subfield: Oral Surgery
Field: Dentistry
Domain: Health Sciences
A Design Basis for Composite Cascode Stages Operating in the Subthreshold/Weak Inversion Regions

Composite cascode stages have been used in operational amplifier designs to achieve ultra-high gain at very low power. The flexibility and simplicity of the stage makes it an appealing choice for low power op-amp designs. Op-amp design using the composite cascode stage is often made more difficult through the lack of a design process. A design process to aid in the selection of the MOSFET dimensions is provided in this thesis. This process includes a table-based method for selection of the widths and lengths of the MOSFETs used in the composite cascode stage. Equations are also derived for the gain, bandwidth, and noise of the composite cascode stage with each of the devices operating in the various regions of inversion.

Topic: Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuit Design
Subfield: Biomedical Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Validation of the Chinese version of the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale-10 among young people in Hong Kong

The Chinese version of the CD-RISC-10 is reliable and valid for resilience assessment among adolescents and young adults in Hong Kong. However, it has limited capacity to predict future psychiatric diagnoses. These findings highlight the importance of a broader assessment framework and tailored interventions based on sex and developmental stage.

Topic: Resilience and Mental Health
Subfield: Clinical Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
[Cancer of the pancreas: an ecologic study].

The geographical pattern of mortality due to cancer of pancreas was evaluated in Spain for both sexes, calculating the standardized mortality ratios (SMR) for each province during the period 1975-1980. A multiple linear regression study with a group of environmental variables was carried out. The expenditure on food during the periods 1964-65, 1973-74 and 1980-81 (based on the family budget surveys from the National Institute of Statistics) its volume among these variables. As the most relevant finding, a positive association between death from pancreatic cancer and cheese consumption was observed for the three studied periods: 1964-65 (p less than 0.01 for both sexes), 1973-74 (p less than 0.01 in males) and 1980-81 (p less than 0.02 in males). The validity of these results is analyzed, and an assessment of these studies for the etiological investigation of disease, called ecological studies, is also made.

Topic: Pancreatic and Hepatic Oncology Research
Subfield: Oncology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
“My Pain Is Unbearable…I Cannot Recognize Myself!” Emotions, Cognitions, and Behaviors of People Living With Musculoskeletal Disorders: An Umbrella Review

Objective To summarize (1) the emotions, cognitions, and behaviors of people who are living with musculoskeletal disorders related to symptoms and (2) the interactions of emotions, cognitions, and behaviors with the person's environment (family, social, and work roles). Design An umbrella review of qualitative research syntheses and meta-summaries (metasynthesis, meta-ethnographies, meta-aggregation, meta-summary). Literature Search We searched CINAHL, EMBASE, PsycARTICLES, PsycEXTRA, PsycINFO, PubMed, and PubPsych from database inception to January 2021. We also searched gray literature via Open Grey and Google Scholar. Study Selection Criteria We included qualitative evidence syntheses evaluating adults with musculoskeletal disorders, based on the multidimensional diagnostic criteria for acute and chronic pain. Emotions, cognitions, and behaviors were the phenomenon of interest. Data Synthesis We developed 3 categories of themes ([1] emotions, [2] cognitions, and [3] behaviors) for each objective. We selected the 3 most common emotions, cognitions, and behaviors that appear as themes in our narrative synthesis. Results We included 20 qualitative evidence syntheses that retrieved 284 original qualitative studies. Despair, distress, and fear were the main emotions reported by people living with musculoskeletal disorders. The alterations of the self and how people described their symptoms, what caused them, and how the symptoms impacted their lives were the most common cognitions. Cognitive strategies (ie, acceptance) and perceptions about social support emerged. People often used passive behaviors (eg, social isolation or hiding symptoms) to cope with the challenges that arose related to musculoskeletal symptoms. However, some people actively faced their symptoms, planning their activities or practicing them despite their symptoms. Conclusion Clinicians who support people living with musculoskeletal disorders should consider (1) assessing other emotions than pain-related fear (eg, despair and distress), (2) observing their cognitive responses (ie, acceptance), and (3) evaluating what type of behaviors people use (eg, active or passive). J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2022;52(5):243–261. doi:10.2519/jospt.2022.10707

Topic: Musculoskeletal pain and rehabilitation
Subfield: Pharmacology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Charge transport across single‐molecule junctions: charge reconfiguration and structural dynamics

Abstract The charge transport across single‐molecule junctions is often considered as a pure electronic phenomenon. Analysing experiments performed with the mechanically controlled break junction technique, we show that, additionally, both polarization and dynamic motion of the geometric structure of the molecule give important contributions to the charge transport across single‐molecule junctions. (© 2007 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KGaA, Weinheim)

Topic: Molecular Junctions and Nanostructures
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Metastable and resonance atom densities in a positive column: II. Application to light source modelling

Methods for the detailed description of new radiation and light sources based on low-pressure plasmas are required which also consider the spatial structure and the mechanisms of resonance radiation transport without considerable increase of computational effort. A general solution technique based on the reduction of the Holstein–Biberman integral equation to a system of linear equations is introduced to treat the radiation transport. This technique is applied in the framework of a self-consistent radially resolved model of the positive column of a cylindrical dc glow discharge at low pressure. A helium–xenon discharge which can be used as an efficient VUV-radiation source is studied as an example. The theoretical results for the radial density profiles of the resonance and metastable atoms of xenon are compared with absorption measurements providing atomic number densities for the levels of the 1s manifold. In addition, the solution technique for the Holstein–Biberman equation is validated by means of a comparison with Monte-Carlo simulations.

Topic: Atomic and Molecular Physics
Subfield: Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Additional file 4 of Metatranscriptomic analysis to define the Secrebiome, and 16S rRNA profiling of the gut microbiome in obesity and metabolic syndrome of Mexican children

Additional file 4: Figure S3. Principal coordinate analyses of Weighted UniFrac distances. Distances are based on taxa abundance. The two linear combinations explaining the most variation are shown as dimensions 1 and 2. Elipses were calculated based on the most distant samples per group. Samples for which RNA-seq information is available are presented with a larger font.

Topic: Gut microbiota and health
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Low transverse emittance electron bunches from two-color laser-ionization injection

A method is proposed to generate low emittance electron bunches from two color laser pulses in a laser-plasma accelerator. A two-region gas structure is used, containing a short region of a high-Z gas (e.g., krypton) for ionization injection, followed by a longer region of a low-Z gas for post-acceleration. A long-laser-wavelength (e.g., 5 micron) pump pulse excites plasma wake without triggering the inner-shell electron ionization of the high-Z gas due to low electric fields. A short-laser-wavelength (e.g., 0.4 micron) injection pulse, located at a trapping phase of the wake, ionizes the inner-shell electrons of the high-Z gas, resulting in ionization-induced trapping. Compared with a single-pulse ionization injection, this scheme offers an order of magnitude smaller residual transverse momentum of the electron bunch, which is a result of the smaller vector potential amplitude of the injection pulse.

Topic: Laser-Plasma Interactions and Diagnostics
Subfield: Nuclear and High Energy Physics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Development of statistical topokinetic theory accounting self-consistent atomic relief of dissolved crystal surface and dissolution rate

Development of modern technologies for products with higher corrosion stability needs development of modern concepts on the nature of electrochemical processes of metal and alloy corrosion that is impossible without upgrade of statistical topokinetic theory self-consistently describing the atomic relief topography and surface dissolution kinetics. Solution of this problem is principally possible with appropriate selection of the elementary object of statistics: surface atomic position determined by the number and configuration of the adjacent atoms, which also determine the bond energy and thus the probability of dissolution. However, realization of such approach is related to the necessity of using the assumptions, which are indispensable for essential reduction of cumbersome equations of the “precise” model. But the formulation of these assumptions is not sufficient as their substantiation is by itself a complex problem, which solution is suggested in this study. In addition, of the suggested approach were considered: in accordance with the kinetic equations accounting change in the concentration of positions due to dissolution of atoms from these of adjacent positions, the process of dissolution is interpreted as a branched chain reaction; selection of the physically actual small parameter is discussed in order to solve the complex nonlinear set of kinetic equations for atomic positions.

Topic: Mining and Gasification Technologies
Subfield: Mechanical Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Publication History

The present investigation was carried out to study the diversity of fishes of Majalgaon Reservoir from Beed district, Maharashtra state. The present work is carried out during the period December 2011 to November 2012. The fish diversity is represented by 42 fish species belonging to 29 genera, 15 families and 9 orders. Besides identification, the economic importance of fish species is also discussed.

Topic: Fish Biology and Ecology Studies
Subfield: Aquatic Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Pediatr Nephrol (2006) 21:160–168 DOI 10.1007/s00467-005-2105-4

Abstract Renal clearance is an important route of drug elimination. While during the neonatal period there is minimal glomerular filtration and active tubular secretion of drugs, there is a well-described rapid development in these processes in the post-neonatal period. A less ap-preciated fact is that during toddlerhood, there is an “overshoot ” of the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) well above the levels encountered in older children and adults, and there is an early achievement of adult levels in active drug secretion, which stays at a plateau throughout childhood and adulthood with an “overshoot ” in toddlers due to specific transport mechanisms. This phenomenon leads to dose requirements for renally excreted drugs in this age group being, on a per-kilogram basis, much larger than in adults. This review discusses the mechanisms related to renal ontogeny in drug handling.

Topic: Pharmaceutical studies and practices
Subfield: Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Cough frequency and cough receptor sensitivity to citric acid challenge during a simulated ascent to extreme altitude

The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of cough and the citric acid cough threshold during hypobaric hypoxia under controlled environmental conditions. Subjects were studied during Operation Everest 3. Eight subjects ascended to a simulated altitude of 8,848 m over 31 days in a hypobaric chamber. Frequency of nocturnal cough was measured using voice-activated tape recorders, and cough threshold by inhalation of increasing concentrations of citric acid aerosol. Spirometry was performed before and after each test. Subjects recorded symptoms of acute mountain sickness and arterial oxygen saturation daily. Air temperature and humidity were controlled during the operation. Cough frequency increased with increasing altitude, from a median of 0 coughs (range 0-4) at sea level to 15 coughs (range 3-32) at a simulated altitude of 8,000 m. Cough threshold was unchanged on arrival at 5,000 m compared to sea level (geometric mean difference (GMD) 1.0, 95% confidence intervals (CI) 0.5-2.1, p=0.5), but fell on arrival at 8,000 m compared to sea level (GMD 3.3, 95% CI 1.1-10.3, p=0.043). There was no relationship between cough threshold and symptoms of acute mountain sickness, oxygen saturation or forced expiratory volume in one second. Temperature and humidity in the chamber were controlled between 18-24 degrees C and 30-60%, respectively. These results confirm an increase in cough frequency and cough receptor sensitivity associated with hypobaric hypoxia, and refute the hypothesis that high altitude cough is due to the inhalation of cold, dry air. The small sample size makes further conclusions difficult, and the cause of altitude-related cough remains unclear.

Topic: High Altitude and Hypoxia
Subfield: Genetics
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Pindari opera quae supersunt

One of the foremost scholars of his day, the German classicist August Böckh (1785–1867) was chosen by the Berlin Academy of Sciences as the first editor of the monumental Corpus inscriptionum graecarum. Before that he had published this groundbreaking edition of the extant works of the Greek poet Pindar (c.522–c.443 BCE) in two volumes, the second being split into two parts. This first volume, published in 1811, contains the only complete surviving works of Pindar, the victory odes (Epinikia), written to celebrate athletic successes at the Olympic and other games. In addition to the editor's Latin preface and critical notes, this volume also contains his important treatise on Pindarian metrics, De metris Pindari, in which he establishes a close connection between Greek music and verse, elucidating the Greeks' own statements about rhythm and providing a systematic basis for the study of Greek verse.

Topic: Historical, Religious, and Philosophical Studies
Subfield: Archeology
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Psychological changes among male drug dependent offenders in a prison-based therapeutic community programme

Background: Therapeutic communities have been found to be an effective intervention for drug dependent prisoners but little is known about the psychological mechanisms for change during treatment. Aims: The study investigates changes in locus of control, and in attitudes and beliefs about criminal behaviours among drug dependent offenders in a prisonbased therapeutic community programme. Methods: Prospective, longitudinal study of 406 adult male, drug dependent offenders who entered a prison hierarchical TC programme. The programme duration was approximately 12 months, with 3 phases, induction, primary, and re-entry. Data were collected on demographics, substance use history, severity of drug dependence (SDS), criminal history, and risk of reoffending: main measures were Locus of Control (LOC), and Criminal Sentiments Scale-Modified (CSS-M). Results: Statistically significant reductions were found across each stage of the TC programme with regard to personal responsibility (LOC), and for antisocial cognitions (CSS-M). No differences in responses were found between the heroin-dependent and cocaine-dependent offenders. No difference was found between heroin-dependent and cocaine-dependent offenders in programme completion rates. Conclusions: Psychological changes occurred sequentially as drug-dependent offenders progressed through the TC phases, which are consistent with the TC model of change and programme goals and the study provides encouraging evidence about the impact of prison-based TCs. Relatively little is known about the processes that are responsible for change during treatment, and the present findings add to this literature. Identifying and measuring changes in the individual during treatment is important when examining the factors that promote effective interventions.

Topic: Digital Mental Health Interventions
Subfield: Applied Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences