jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
"To Keep the Church Record and History": The Evolution of the Church Historian's Office

Authors looking at the development of the field of Mormon history have often evaluated it in terms of historiography—as its progression from the domain of amateurs to the output of academics. However, studies of the composition and development of the larger history profession have focused on the discipline's fragmentation and the formation of an "archival divide" between those that write history and those collecting and preserving its sources. This latter approach provides a useful framework for understanding the evolution of the Church Historian's Office of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, from its origins in 1831 to its current home in the Church History Library. In exploring this theme, this paper will discuss the movement toward professionalization in the Church Historian's Office from its founding until the 1980s.

Topic: American Constitutional Law and Politics
Subfield: Political Science and International Relations
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
The role of HRCT in evaluation of thoracic manifestations of rheumatoid arthritis

Background: Pulmonary involvement is frequent and among the most severe extra-articular manifestations of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) ranking as the second cause of mortality in this patient population. RA can affect lung parenchyma, airways and pleura. HRCT is currently the imaging modality of choice in diagnosis of thoracic manifestations of RA being superior to chest radiography in demonstrating the presence and extent of lung abnormalities. Aim of work: Evaluate the HRCT findings in patients with pulmonary complications of RA. Patients and methods: This study involved 20 patients; 14 females and 6 males, age range 16–64 years (average 48 years). All patients were known cases of RA presenting with dyspnea and cough. Pulmonary complications associated with RA have been evaluated through: clinical examination; laboratory tests mostly CBC and other tests were considered according to case e.g., sputum analysis etc.; and radiological (chest radiograph and HRCT) and functional (Spirometry) assessment. Results: HRCT findings showed signs of interstitial disease in 9 cases (45%), air-way disease in 9 cases (45%) and findings of both entities in 2 cases (10%). 11 cases showed HRCT signs of ILD as follows: 10 (91%) cases showed bilateral subpleural predominantly basal GGO, 8 (73%) cases showed bilateral subpleural predominantly basal reticulation with traction bronchiolectasis, 1 (9%) case showed diffuse GGO, and 2 (18%) cases showed cysts. Out of 11 cases, 9 (89%) cases were consistent with NSIP and 2 (11%) cases were consistent with LIP. 11 cases showed HRCT signs of airway disease, 10 (91%) cases showed bronchial wall thickening, 9 (82%) cases showed hyperinflation, 6 (55%) cases showed bronchiectasis, 5 (45%) cases showed mosaic perfusion, 3 (27%) cases showed beading of the bronchial wall, and 1 (9%) case showed air trapping. PFT showed restrictive changes in 6 out of the 9 patients with HRCT findings of ILD, obstructive changes with signs of small airway disease in 8 out of the 9 patients with HRCT findings suggestive of airway disease, and mixed restrictive and obstructive findings in the 2 patients with both entities by HRCT. Conclusion: Role of HRCT imaging in the evaluation and diagnosis of patients with intra-thoracic manifestations of RA is central, being accurate and non-invasive.

Topic: Interstitial Lung Diseases and Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis
Subfield: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Localization of Cl- conductance in normal and Cl- impermeability in cystic fibrosis sweat duct epithelium

We studied the Cl- permeability properties of apical and basolateral membranes of human reabsorptive sweat duct (RSD) from normal and cystic fibrosis (CF) subjects. In normal ducts, Cl- substitution by impermeant anion gluconate in the lumen increased the voltage divider ratio (VDR) from 4.8 +/- 0.9 to 7.0 +/- 1.1 (n = 8, P less than 0.05), whereas Cl- substitution in the contraluminal bath decreased the VDR from 3.2 +/- 0.7 to 1.9 +/- 0.4 (n = 7, P less than 0.05). These results are consistent with a significant Cl- permeability in both apical and basolateral membranes of normal ducts. Amiloride (10(-4) M) in the lumen of normal ducts resulted in a small increase in VDR from 4.2 +/- 0.6 to 5.0 +/- 0.8 (n = 10, P less than 0.05), whereas the current-induced basolateral membrane voltage deflections (delta Vb) increased from 6.9 +/- 1.3 to 7.7 +/- 1.2 mV, suggesting that inhibition of Na+ permeability decreased basolateral membrane Cl- permeability. In the absence of luminal Cl-, amiloride decreased delta Vb and induced much greater effect on VDR (from 5.2 +/- 1.1 to 10.8 +/- 2.3, n = 9, P less than 0.05) than in the presence of Cl-. Likewise, in the presence of amiloride, Cl- substitution in the lumen had greater effect on VDR (increased from 3.5 +/- 0.5 0.5 to 10.0 +/- 1.5, n = 15, P less than 0.05) than in the absence of amiloride. These results indicate that Na+ conductance in the apical membrane of the normal duct is significantly smaller than Cl- conductance.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Topic: Cystic Fibrosis Research Advances
Subfield: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
LHD 10-O_R_01 #187257.4 (analyzed)

Luminance data of the plasma monitor camera. Time variation of the average and maximum luminance within the ROI (Region of Interests) of the plasma images observed by the 10-O Right port camera, where ROI is (858,212) - (924,308) of the original image of 1920x1080. The luminance value is between 0 and 255 in arbitrary unit.

Topic: Renal and related cancers
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Examining Looked After Children’s (LAC) lived experiences of secondary school

Despite legislative changes and an increase in policy provision (see The Children Act 1989; The Children Act, 2004; The Children and Young Persons Act, 2008; The Social Services and Well-being (Wales) Act, 2014; Welsh Assembly Government, 2007; Welsh Government, 2015a; 2016a), there continues to be a significant achievement gap between Looked After Children (LAC) and their non-looked after peers, which increases across the key stages and continues in to higher education (Department for Education (DfE), 2018; Welsh Government (WG), 2018). LAC are also disadvantaged as they move in to adulthood, with poorer life outcomes compared to the general population (Dixon, 2008; Hook &amp; Courtney, 2011; Centre for Social Justice, 2015).&#13;\nWhile there is a proliferation of research examining why LAC underachieve (Harker et al. 2002, 2004; Zetlin, Weinberg &amp; Shea, 2006a, 2006b; Forrester et al. 2009; Brodie, 2010; Berridge, 2012; Berger, 2015), it is argued that there remains limited empirical consideration of the lived experiences of LAC in education. Therefore, this research sought to provide an in-depth examination of the lived experiences of LAC in secondary school. Data was gathered in an urban local authority in Wales. Semi-structured interviews were held with 6 LAC at Key Stage 3 across two secondary schools. Recordings of the interviews were transcribed verbatim, and Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) was conducted. 4 super superordinate themes were identified; sense of belonging, relationships, exposure to judgement and foster care experiences. The research findings are discussed in relation to existing theoretical and research literature. The implications of the present study for the practice of educational psychology are discussed, together with future directions for research and the strengths and limitations of the present study.

Topic: Family Support in Illness
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Biochemical Aspects of Microbial Product Synthesis: a Relook

Humanity has exploited some of the vast microbial diversity like miniature chemical factories for thousands of years in the production of fermented foods and drinks, such as wine, beer, yogurt, cheese and bread. This chapter presents a brief summary regarding the historical production of microbial products, explaining their niche in the current global market and the importance of microbial sensing (and other new disciplines) to convert biological systems in industrially relevant actors. It presents the key concepts discussed in the subsequent chapters of this book. The book tries to show a brief portrait of the state of the art of "four magic" bioproducts and how microbial sensing has a main role in their present and future production. It documents and critiques those aspects related to microbial production and performance, including the type of carbon source, cellular and biochemical control over the microbial products, etc. from the perspectives of molecular biology and biochemistry.

Topic: Microbial Metabolic Engineering and Bioproduction
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Applicability constraints of the equivalence theorem

In this work we study the applicability of the Equivalence Theorem, either\nfor unitary models or within an effective lagrangian approach. There are two\ntypes of limitations: the existence of a validity energy window and the use of\nthe lowest order in the electroweak constants. For the first kind, we consider\nsome methods, based on dispersion theory or the large $N$ limit, that allow us\nto extend the applicability. For the second, we have obtained numerical\nestimates of the effect of neglecting higher orders in the perturbative\nexpansion.\n

Topic: Particle physics theoretical and experimental studies
Subfield: Nuclear and High Energy Physics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Simple Lagrangian for a superspace affine theory

Arguments are advanced for considering a particular Lagrangian in superspace. It is constructed solely from the connection associated with the graded group of real, general linear transformations, and is especially simple in form. The resulting equations of motion and the spontaneous-symmetry-breaking solutions, which maintain global supersymmetric invariance, are examined.

Topic: Black Holes and Theoretical Physics
Subfield: Nuclear and High Energy Physics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
The Study of Parameters Matching Technology for Integrated Starter Generator

Energy crisis and environment pollution are closely correlated with the widespread use of internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicles. Considering multi-factors, developing hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) is an ideal solution to solve the problems since its environmental protection and practicability. Integrated Starter Generator (ISG), integrated by two motors between engine and mechanical transmission system, performs better in efficiency and economy. This paper attempts to design a parameter matching method of hybrid electric system according to its dynamic performance, driving condition and control strategy. An ISG model and the model of parameter matching HEV system are proposed in this paper.

Topic: Electric and Hybrid Vehicle Technologies
Subfield: Automotive Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Profiling the Resident and Infiltrating Monocyte/Macrophages during Rejection following Kidney Transplantation

Immune tolerance research is essential for kidney transplantation. Other than antibody and T cell‐mediated immune rejection, macrophage‐mediated innate immunity plays an important role in the onset phase of transplantation rejection. However, due to the complexity of the kidney environment as well as its diversity and low abundance, studies pertaining to monocyte/macrophages in kidney transplantation require further elucidation. In this study, kidney samples taken from healthy human adults and biopsy specimens from patients undergoing rejection following kidney transplantation were analysed and studied. By conducting a single‐cell RNA analysis, the type and status of monocyte/macrophages in kidney transplantation were described, in which monocyte/macrophages were observed to form two different subpopulations: resident and infiltrating monocyte/macrophages. Furthermore, previously defined genes were mapped to all monocyte/macrophage types in the kidney and enriched the differential genes of the two main subpopulations using gene expression databases. Considering that various cases of rejection may be of the monocyte/macrophage type, the present data may serve as a reference for studies regarding immune tolerance following kidney transplantation.

Topic: Renal Transplantation Outcomes and Treatments
Subfield: Transplantation
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Egg hatching and larval rearing of clown fishes- Winter School on Recent Advances in Breeding and Larviculture of Marine Finfish and Shellfish

Marine ornamental seed production is a lucrative business, and also an environmentally sound alternative to&#13;\nharvesting them from their reef habitat. Unfortunately, the practice is still greatly lagging because of the biological and&#13;\neconomic constraints associated with culturing most marine species. Many species have not been cultured because&#13;\nof their complex reproductive biology; and non availability of suitable breeding and larval rearing technology. Marine&#13;\nfish larvae are, by in large, very fragile organisms and have specific nutritional and environmental requirements that&#13;\nchange frequently and are often difficult to provide. This makes larval rearing the most critical, time consuming and&#13;\ncomplicated phase of the culture process. The length of the larval phase and the capabilities of larvae at hatching&#13;\nvaries depending upon the species. Obviously, species that have well developed first feeding larvae with a short larval&#13;\nphase are better cultured candidate species. Clownfishes and dottyback larvae can swim and feed at hatching and&#13;\ncomplete their larval phase in about 15 days and 30 days, respectively.

Topic: Aquaculture Nutrition and Growth
Subfield: Aquatic Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
A Problem in Greek Ethics: Being an Inquiry Into the Phenomenon of Sexual Inversion, Addressed Especially to Medical Psychologists and Jurists

A problem in Greeh ethics, being an inguiry in to the phenomenon of sexualinversion ; addressed especially to medical psychologists and turists , A problem in Greeh ethics, being an inguiry in to the phenomenon of sexualinversion ; addressed espe... , دانشگاه تهران

Topic: Ethics and Legal Issues in Pediatric Healthcare
Subfield: Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Construction will depend on Greek consumer confidence

Subject Construction sector. Significance Before 2009, construction was a main driver of domestic economic growth. Subsequently, a sharp drop in residential building and a decline in public infrastructure spending reduced output to half the pre-crisis level. Impacts The lower participation of those up to 25 years old post-crisis is likely to lead to future skill shortages. A drop in R&amp;D investment and innovation will undermine construction firms’ future competitiveness. The improved investment climate under the new government should support net FDI into real estate, after record levels in 2018.

Topic: Regional Development and Policy
Subfield: Political Science and International Relations
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Encouraging Participation and Connecting with Students in First Year French Classes

French 101, 102 and 103 will soon become French 1111 and French 1112 as we transition from a quarter to a semester system. The future of our language programs is uncertain, and it is of paramount importance to attract and retain language learners. Multiple strategies were adapted from the ACUE certification modules to encourage healthy patterns of participation in the classroom, better communication between learners, and between the students and their instructor.

Topic: French Language Learning Methods
Subfield: Linguistics and Language
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Randomized subspace-based robust principal component analysis for hyperspectral anomaly detection

A randomized subspace-based robust principal component analysis (RSRPCA) method for anomaly detection in hyperspectral imagery (HSI) is proposed. The RSRPCA combines advantages of randomized column subspace and robust principal component analysis (RPCA). It assumes that the background has low-rank properties, and the anomalies are sparse and do not lie in the column subspace of the background. First, RSRPCA implements random sampling to sketch the original HSI dataset from columns and to construct a randomized column subspace of the background. Structured random projections are also adopted to sketch the HSI dataset from rows. Sketching from columns and rows could greatly reduce the computational requirements of RSRPCA. Second, the RSRPCA adopts the columnwise RPCA (CWRPCA) to eliminate negative effects of sampled anomaly pixels and that purifies the previous randomized column subspace by removing sampled anomaly columns. The CWRPCA decomposes the submatrix of the HSI data into a low-rank matrix (i.e., background component), a noisy matrix (i.e., noise component), and a sparse anomaly matrix (i.e., anomaly component) with only a small proportion of nonzero columns. The algorithm of inexact augmented Lagrange multiplier is utilized to optimize the CWRPCA problem and estimate the sparse matrix. Nonzero columns of the sparse anomaly matrix point to sampled anomaly columns in the submatrix. Third, all the pixels are projected onto the complemental subspace of the purified randomized column subspace of the background and the anomaly pixels in the original HSI data are finally exactly located. Several experiments on three real hyperspectral images are carefully designed to investigate the detection performance of RSRPCA, and the results are compared with four state-of-the-art methods. Experimental results show that the proposed RSRPCA outperforms four comparison methods both in detection performance and in computational time.

Topic: Remote-Sensing Image Classification
Subfield: Media Technology
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Neonatal transport

This chapter gives an overview of neonatal transport. The introduction includes indications for transfer and key elements of safe and effective transfer. There is a step-by-step description of the entire process including preparation, stabilization, and transfer including the support of families. We have included a referral template and an equipment checklist. There is discussion of difficult situations including when a baby cannot be stabilized, declining transfer, and death during transfer.

Topic: Trauma and Emergency Care Studies
Subfield: Emergency Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Adenosine stress cardiac magnetic resonance imaging method in detection of coronary artery disease

Coronary artery disease CAD is one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality. The evaluation of myocardial perfusion is important for excluding CAD. In the presence of CAD, it is crucial in determining the extent, severity, and haemodynamic importance of the lesions and deciding for appropriate revascularization strategies. Stress cardiac magnetic resonance imaging does not emit ionising radiation, has high spatial and temporal resolution, is able to evaluate subendocardial perfusion, and is a non-invasive modality; therefore it is the preferred method for myocardial perfusion evaluation.

Topic: Cardiac Imaging and Diagnostics
Subfield: Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Transcatheter aortic valve implantation and the management of coronary artery disease

The advent of transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) has provoked a paradigm shift in the treatment of senile calcific aortic stenosis (AS), the most common valvular disease in the developed world. Its benefits in high-risk and inoperable patients and its comparable outcomes to surgical aortic valve replacement are well established, and there is now evidence supporting use of the technique in intermediate-risk patients. AS often coexists with coronary artery disease (CAD) and, in seeking to further improve outcomes and minimize risks in the TAVI procedure, the management of concomitant CAD is an important consideration.

Topic: Cardiac Valve Diseases and Treatments
Subfield: Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
A Self Consistent Approach to Rotamer and Protonation State Assignments (RAPA): Moving Beyond Single Protein Configurations

There are currently over 160,000 protein crystal structures obtained by X-ray diffraction with resolutions of 1.5Å or greater in the Protein Data Bank. At these resolutions hydrogen atoms do not resolve and heavy atoms such as oxygen, carbon, and nitrogen are indistinguishable. This leads to ambiguity in the rotamer and protonation states of multiple amino acids, notably asparagine, glutamine, histidine, serine, tyrosine, and threonine. When the rotamer and protonation states of these residues changes, so too does the electrochemical surface of a binding site. A variety of computational tools have been developed to assign these states for these residues based on a crystal protein structure by evaluating the possible states and typically deciding on one single state for each residue. We posit that multiple rotamer and protonation states of residues are consistent with the resolved structure of the proteins and introduce a protonation and rotamer assignment tool that identifies an ensemble of rotamer and protonation states that are consistent with the X-ray scattering data of the protein. Here, we present a Rotamer and Protonation state Assignment (RAPA) tool that analyzes local hydrogen bonding environments in the resolved structures of proteins and identifies a set of unique rotamer and protonation states that are energetically consistent with the crystal structure. We evaluate all RAPA predicted states in unrestrained molecular dynamics simulations and find that there are multiple configurations for each protein which match the X-ray results with RMSDs of less than 1.0Å for the atoms with the lowest 90% B-factors. We find that for most protein systems (62 of 77) there are 8 or fewer possible states suggesting that there is no combinatorial explosion of accessible configurations for a majority of proteins. This suggests that investigating all energetically accessible rotamer and protonation states for most proteins is computationally feasible and that the selection of single states is arbitrary.

Topic: Protein Structure and Dynamics
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Improving blood pressure and dyslipidemia control by increasing health literacy in Croatia-missions 70/26 &amp; Do you know what is your number

We will monitor and analyse trends in the management and control of patients treated for hypertension and dyslipidaemia. This will enable us to make an evidence-based conclusion how successful we were in increasing health literacy.

Topic: Global Public Health Policies and Epidemiology
Subfield: Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management
Field: Business, Management and Accounting
Domain: Social Sciences