jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
An Improved CNN-LSTM Algorithm for Detection of DGA Domain Name

Recently, zombie networks have utilized domain name generation algorithm (DGA) to generate a large number of malicious domain names for network attacks, posing a threat to network security. The existing DGA domain names are mainly divided into dictionary type and character type. However, traditional deep learning methods cannot simultaneously detect two types of DGA domain names, especially dictionary based DGA domain names. Therefore, this study proposes a network model that combines convolutional neural networks (CNN) and long-short term memory (LSTM) networks - the CNN-LSTM model. The model consists of three parts: character embedding layer, feature extraction layer, and fully connected layer. This model can extract N-grams features of domain name characters through CNN and input the extraction results to LSTM. At the same time, the model can choose to use multiple sets of CNN in combination with LSTM. In addition, based on the extracted features, this model can classify and predict domain names generated by dictionary based DGA. The experimental results show that the proposed model performs best when the convolutional kernel sizes selected by CNN are 3 and 4. In the comparative experiments of four dictionary based DGA families, the CNN-LSTM model showed a 3.0% improvement in accuracy compared to the CNN model, and as the number of sample families increased, the CNN-LSTM model exhibited better stability.

Topic: Network Security and Intrusion Detection
Subfield: Computer Networks and Communications
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Therapeutic Effects of Stem Cells for the Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus

Stem cell therapy may be the key to diabetes mellitus. In this study, we systematically retrieved the related studies and conducted this meta-analysis to evaluate the efficacy and safety of stem cell therapy for patients with diabetes mellitus. A systematic articles search was performed for eligible studies published up to April 28, 2021 through the PubMed, Cochrane library, ClinicalTrials.gov and Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure database. The included articles were screened by using rigorous inclusion and exclusion criteria. All analyses were conducted using Review Manager 5.4. The quality of studies and risk of bias were evaluated. A total of 9 randomized controlled trials were included with a sample size of 326 subjects diagnosed with diabetes mellitus. Stem cells therapy was superior to placebo group in all of outcomes including hemoglobin A1c (mean deviation -0.51, 95 % confidence interval 0.70 to −0.32, p<0.00001), fasting plasma glucose (mean deviation -6.64, 95 % confidence interval -11.58 to -1.71, p=0.008), C-peptide (mean deviation 0.03, 95 % confidence interval 0.02 to 0.04, p<0.00001) and the requirement for insulin (mean deviation -10.34, 95 % confidence interval -16 to -4.67, p<0.00003). There was no significant difference in reported adverse events between stem cell therapy groups and placebo groups (Relative risk 1.77, 95 % confidence interval 0.89 to 3.51, p=0.10). Our results support stem cell therapy is a safe and effective therapeutic modality for diabetes mellitus. The best therapeutic outcome was achieved with bone marrow-mononuclear stem cells and hyperbaric oxygen therapy for type 2 diabetes mellitus, while the poorest outcome was observed with autologous bone marrowmesenchymal stromal cells for type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Topic: Mesenchymal stem cell research
Subfield: Genetics
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
The gravity signal of Mercury's inner core

Earth and Space Science Open Archive This preprint has been submitted to and is under consideration at Journal of Geophysical Research - Planets. ESSOAr is a venue for early communication or feedback before peer review. Data may be preliminary.Learn more about preprints preprintOpen AccessYou are viewing the latest version by default [v1]The gravity signal of Mercury's inner coreAuthorsMathieuDumberryiDSee all authors Mathieu DumberryiDCorresponding Author• Submitting AuthorUniversity of AlbertaiDhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5677-1582view email addressThe email was not providedcopy email address

Topic: Planetary Science and Exploration
Subfield: Astronomy and Astrophysics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Impact of preoperative opioid exposure on cost of care and workplace productivity loss after elective surgery

Introduction A high proportion of surgical patients has previous opioid exposure, which is associated with poorer recovery and increased morbidity. However, much less is known regarding the direct and indirect costs that are associated with healthcare utilization among individuals on preoperative opioid therapy. Methods We analyzed The Merative MarketScan Commercial Database linked with the Merative MarketScan Health and Productivity Management Database to include all adult patients admitted and discharged from common elective surgeries between January 1, 2018 and June 30, 2021. Patients were clustered by preoperative opioid exposure and estimates for total direct payments (in USD) generated and workplace absenteeism were assessed for a 6-month period. Results 10 737 patients were included in our cohort; 17.0% classified as ‘low’ preoperative opioid use (median oral morphine equivalents (IQR)=126 (75–225)), 5.0% as ‘medium’ (370 (225–640)) and 3.0% as ‘high’ (4500 (2120–10 908)). Compared with opioid naive or low preoperative use, individuals with high preoperative use had significantly higher estimated payments for care at 6 months ($4212 for high vs $2706 for naive (p=0.007) and $3059 for low (p=0.045)), while utilizing increased ambulatory care including clinic and outpatient visits after surgery. There was no significant difference in workplace absenteeism between groups. Conclusion High preoperative opioid use is associated with increased healthcare utilization and costs following common elective surgery. Future efforts should focus on this patient population to explore interventions that could optimize value-based care by improving outcomes and reducing costs.

Topic: Opioid Use Disorder Treatment
Subfield: Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Ecrivains — Traducteurs Du sentiment de culpabilité à la gratitude

This paper entitled "Writers and Translators: from guilt to gratitude" attempts to switch the emphasis from concept and percept on affect in translation studies. It aims at replacing the translator in all his indissociated roles — reader, critic, interpreter, translator and writer — right within the hazardous responsibility for sense and signification input. It is based on the confessions of some renowned French writers — Jean Anouilh, Gérard de Nerval and André Gide — who described the unspoken hardships, loneliness, feelings of guilt and gratitude while translating the very specially inspired giants of universal literature, respectively Shakespeare, Goethe and Rabindranath Tagore. The main idea developed here is that it is certainly more straining, overwhelming and challenging to be the translators of such fabulous masterpieces than being mere writers. For what is at stake for these translators is less equating or overpassing the linguistic means of expression in the original works than meeting the processes of human mind through the exploration of the authors' conscience. In other words, no aesthetic purpose or emotional beauty in translation can be efficiently rendered without the translators peeping into the authors' personal and secret mythology in order to find out the very principles of the creative work's genesis. Translation is also shown as an interactive author-translator's mutual appreciation, both moral and intellectual, the everlasting intellectual balance residing in a fair play between objectivity and subjectivity.

Topic: Translation Studies and Practices
Subfield: Language and Linguistics
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Exploratory analysis of trifluridine/tipiracil in late-stage metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC): Prognostic factors.

24 Background: Trifluridine/Tipiracil (FTD/TPI) is effective in pts with refractory mCRC. Enrollment into in the RECOURSE trial was allowed only for pts with ECOG &lt; 1 pts, while real world pts may have a lower ECOG. In addition, predictive markers for the efficacy of FTD/TPI at late stage are open. This exploratory analysis assessed outcome of mCRC pts (including ECOG PS ≥ 2) upon FTD/TPI treatment by prognostic factors in the real world setting. Methods: This cohort included mCRC pts who were treated with FTD/TPI from 01/2016 until 08/2019 at two large volume CRC centers in Germany. Pts were classified with good prognosis characteristics (GPC) according to Tabernero et al. (abstract 677, ASCO-GI 2019) defined by 1 or 2 metastatic sites and time since diagnosis of first metastases ≥ 18 mo. Pts of this group without liver metastases had the best prognostic characteristics. Pts with poor prognostic characteristics (PPC) were characterized by ≥ 3 metastases sites and time since diagnosis of first metastases ≤ 18 mo. Results: A total of 44 mCRC pts were included in this analysis (mean age 62.5 yrs; 22 males and 22 females). Within the GPC population (n=28; median age 67 yrs; KRAS wt n= 21; KRAS mt n= 7; ECOG 0-1 n= 23; ECOG ≥ 2n=7) 6 pts were alive up to 08/2019 and 4 were lost to FU. Four pts of the GPC were without liver metastases. Within the PPC group (n=16; median age 59 yrs; KRAS wt n= 6; KRAS mt n= 10; ECOG 0-1 n= 15; ECOG ≥ 2 n=1) 2 pts were alive and 2 were lost to FU. The mPFS and mOS of the GPC group (n=18) were 2,15 mo (range 0,62-10,13) and 4,63 mo (range 0,95-14,39), respectively. The mPFS and mOS of the PPC group (n=12) were 1,31 mo (range 0,76-9,72) and 4,72 mo (range 0,76-16,61), respectively. Pts with an ECOG ≥ 2 had a mOS of 2,76 mo (range 0,95-6,92), and a mPFS 1,67 mo (range 0,53-1,77). Conclusions: GPC and PPC group pts treated with FTD/TPI differed with respect to mPFS, but these pts had a comparable mOS in the real world setting. PFS and OS were lower when compared to the Tabernero analysis of the RECOURSE trial, which may reflect the real world setting. Inclusion of pts with an ECOG of ≥ 2 was feasible but showed poor survival data in the third line. Nevertheless, all pts with mCRC benefited from FTD/TPI treatment.

Topic: Colorectal Cancer Treatments and Studies
Subfield: Oncology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Genetic diversity does not affect the invasiveness of fountain grass (<i>Pennisetum setaceum</i>) in Arizona, California and Hawaii

ABSTRACT Pennisetum setaceum (Poaceae) is a perennial bunch grass that invaded the United States during the 20th century and is highly invasive in Hawaii, moderately invasive in Arizona, and not yet invasive in southern California. Pennisetum setaceum is apomictic, a condition that is normally associated with low genetic variation within populations, but even moderate levels of genetic variation among populations could account for differences in invasiveness. To determine whether genetic factors are causing the variable invasion success, we used Inter‐Simple Sequence Repeat markers (ISSRs) to examine genetic variation in populations from the three areas. Screening of 16 primers revealed no genetic variation within any population or between any geographical areas, a pattern consistent with complete apomixis. Variation in invasion success appears unrelated to genetic differences among populations. Differences in the seasonal timing of rainfall among the regions may be the cause of variable invasiveness of fountain grass. Alternatively, differences in timing of introduction or duration of lag phase may have limited invasiveness in Arizona and southern California.

Topic: Plant Taxonomy and Phylogenetics
Subfield: Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Influence of vegetation index to the rainfall intensity in Pasuruan Area, East Java Province, Indonesia

An increase in population increases the rate of urbanization. This results in changes in land cover from vegetation to artificial material. As a result, much of the land surface reflects the sun's energy. Consequently, this increases the surface temperature of the land. An increase in land surface temperature (LST) will increase the intensity of rainfall. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the relationship between the increase in LST and rainfall intensity. Changes in land cover can be detected by normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and normalized difference built-up index (NDBI) parameters. Landsat satellite imagery was used to detect NDVI, NDBI, and LST. Image processing was done for imageries scanned in 1995, 2015, 2017, and 2021. Two areas in the East Java Province of Indonesia, namely Malang City and Pasuruan Area, were selected. The daily rainfall intensity data were collected from related rainfall stations in the same year. The Mononobe method was applied to analyze hourly and minute rainfall intensity. IDF curves were drawn from the analyzed results. The relationship between both parameters was analyzed by comparing the LST and hourly rainfall intensity from the IDF curve. The studied results showed that the maximum temperature increase from 1995 to 2021 for the Malang City and Pasuruan Area was 2.60 C and 7.60 C, respectively. For rain, the maximum rainfall intensity increased by 58 mm for Malang City and 18 mm for the Pasuruan Area. LST and rainfall intensity change trends of the two areas had a positive coefficient of regression. The findings can be used to predict the rainfall intensity and floods based on the LST data.

Topic: Forest Ecology and Conservation
Subfield: Forestry
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Coral fisheries management using an ecosystem approach in the domain of fishing techniques at the Pasiran fish landing base

Sabang City has significant potential in coral reef fisheries, which are among its key commodities with high economic and ecological value. However, its management faces several challenges, including seasonal dependency of fishermen, fishing practices targeting fish below their gonadal maturity level, repeated exploitation of the same fishing grounds, and the use of traditional poisons. This study aims to evaluate ecosystem-based coral reef fisheries management within the fishing gear domain at the Fish Landing Site (TPI) Pasiran, Sabang City. The research was conducted from July 1 to July 30, 2024, at the Fish Landing Site (TPI) Pasiran, Sukakarya District, Sabang City. Data collection utilized primary methods (interviews and questionnaires) and secondary methods (reports from related institutions and previous studies). The sampling technique used was a census method with a total of 10 respondents. Data analysis employed ordinal Likert scale scores (1, 2, and 3) for each indicator, followed by the calculation of index values, composite scores, and descriptive analysis. The results show that coral reef fisheries management at TPI Pasiran falls under the “good” category with a composite score of 78. However, certain aspects, such as crew certification ownership and fishing capacity and effort, require further attention to enhance fisheries sustainability.

Topic: Aquatic life and conservation
Subfield: Aquatic Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Videoconferencing Technology for Clinical Purposes: Opinions and Experiences of New Zealand Clinical Psychologists and Neuropsychologists

Objective:&#13;\nTelehealth is a distanced method for delivery of traditionally in-person clinical psychological and neuropsychological services. Much of the current research has focused on feasibility of the method and there is a lack of data on clinicians' perspectives of telehealth. This research will explore current experiences and opinions of clinical psychologists and neuropsychologists on telehealth practising in Aotearoa, New Zealand.&#13;\n&#13;\nMethod:&#13;\nAn anonymous sample of registered and practicing neuropsychologists and clinical psychologists were recruited to complete an online survey between August and October 2021. Closed-ended questions were analysed using SPSS and open-ended questions were analysed using a descriptive inductive Thematic Analysis method and Nvivo software. The survey queried non-identifiable demographic and practice details, prior knowledge of telehealth, clinical experience and explored telehealth in the context of three common practise aspects including: history taking interviews, assessments, and therapy/interventions.&#13;\n&#13;\nResults:&#13;\nA total of 88 participants responded to the survey and results showed that 90% had used videoconference for clinical purposes. The mean clinical experience of the sample was 14.5 years, age ranged between 20 and 79 years and 78% were female. Assessments were the least common service used via telehealth (n = 19), more so history taking interviews (n = 62) and most for therapy and intervention (n = 71). Respondents spoke positively of Telehealth for use in specific circumstances. Thematic analysis identified four themes which illustrated professional opinions on the use of telehealth for clinical purposes: Accessibility of clinical services, client and clinician specific considerations, practical considerations, and shifts in the therapeutic relationship.&#13;\n&#13;\nConclusions:&#13;\nResults of this study generated deeper insight into the current real-world practice of TH in NZ, by exploring the use and acceptability of TH from the perspective of clinically practicing psychologists in the context of rapid uptake during COVID-19. The study reinforced the importance of monitoring relative outcomes and effectiveness of TH for different areas of psychological practise, as requirements differed across different services and treatments.

Topic: Telemedicine and Telehealth Implementation
Subfield: Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Mandibular Reconstruction With Block Iliac Crest: An Institutional Experience

Study Design: Mandibular reconstruction is a challenge. Several reconstructive techniques are available, and the individualization of choice for each patient leads to better results and quality of life for the individual. Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate the characteristics and complications of cases submitted to mandibular reconstruction with autogenous bone graft block of the iliac crest. Methods: Records of 45 patients undergoing mandibular reconstruction with autogenous bone graft block of the iliac crest were analyzed from January 2000 to December 2014. The data collected included age, gender, etiology and graft size, surgical approach, complications, comorbidities, and habits and addictions. Analysis of variance, chi-square test, and Fisher exact test were used for analysis of the variables with a significance level of P &lt; .05. Results: The success rate of the 45 charts analyzed was 75.6%. No statistical differences were found between age and presence of complications, between defect size and presence or absence of complications, and between type of surgical approach and presence or absence of complications. Conclusion: According to our study, medical history may influence postoperative complications and require attention, though further studies should be performed to further elucidate the relationship between diseases and postoperative complications.

Topic: Reconstructive Surgery and Microvascular Techniques
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
A Trade-off Study of Tilt Rotor Aircraft versus Helicopters Using VASCOMP 2 and HESCOMP

Trade-off studies were conducted wherein two versions of tilt rotor aircraft were examined to determine optimum mission distances where the tilt rotor designs were superior to a comparable contemporary (pure) helicopter. Two FORTRAN computer programs (VASCOMP II and HESCOMP) were used to predict aircraft performance. Program results were validated using data from independent sources. A simplified user's manual is included (with sample data and program output) for VASCOMP II. The experimental results substantiate that the V-22, designated to replace the CH-46F among other aircraft, will offer significant improvements in speed, loiter endurance, hover endurance, performance, and efficiency. The results lend further credence to the manufacturer's claims that tilt rotor aircraft can transport more passengers/payload over longer distances in less time than conventional helicopters while retaining the important advantage of vertical takeoff and landing. It is acknowledged that the tilt rotor can readily perform transport missions using less fuel than helicopters but if a large percentage of hovering flight is required, conventional rotary wing aircraft are far more efficient than a fuel consumption standpoint. However, they do not have the staying power that the tilt rotor demonstrates.

Topic: Aerospace and Aviation Technology
Subfield: Aerospace Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
The Proposed 2 MeV Electron Cooler for COSY

The design, construction and installation of a 2 MeV electron cooling system for COSY is proposed to further boost the luminosity even with strong heating effects of high‐density internal targets. In addition the design of the 2 MeV electron cooler for COSY is intended to test some new features of the high energy electron cooler for HESR at GSI. The design of the 2 MeV electron cooler will be accomplished in cooperation with the Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics in Novosibirsk, Russia. Starting with the boundary conditions of the existing electron cooler at COSY the requirements and a first general scheme of the 2 MeV electron cooler are described.

Topic: Nuclear Physics and Applications
Subfield: Radiation
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
An Analytical Study of the History and Compilation of Ilm ul Qiraat in the Indian Subcontinent

The main purpose of this study is history of ilm ul Qiraat and compilation in Indian sub-continent. ilm ul Qiraat was first time introduced in 1 st century when famous Islamic leader start journey to Indian sub content. the aim of ilm ul Qirat is that to read the holy Quan in their real meaning. And the famous religious scholars play their role in this field, they established Islamic centers of religious study to prepare students and spread the true spirit of Ilm ul Qirat in the Indian subcontinent.  And compilation of Ilm ul Qiraat beginning [1] from Mehmood Ghaznvi government when Islam was spread in all aeras of Indian sub-continent. Sultan Muhammad al-Ghuri established the first Islamic government in the subcontinent he conquered the capital “Dehli” at the end of the sixth century AH corresponding to the year 1199 AD, and the teaching of Islamic sciences began Legitimacy and the Qur'an under the auspices of the Islamic government. The Internal and external criticism has been used as tool of research. Qualitative research design has been used. The data has been collected personally by the researcher. Relevant documents as well as data collected from participants have been analyzed using the thematic content analysis. The study is significant for the researchers, teachers, and learner of ilm e Qiraat.

Topic: Education and Islamic Studies
Subfield: Education
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences