jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Antibacterial Activities of Chemical and Biological Food Preservatives towards Food Spoilage &lt;i&gt;Bacillus&lt;/i&gt; among and within Species

Food preservatives could cause a wide spectrum of antibacterial efficacies against different spoilage microbial species or strains; however, the mode of variation in antibacterial activities among and within species is still unclear which limits their effective applications in food preservation. In this study, ten thermoresistant spore-forming Bacillus strains as a typical spoilage microbial group were used to evaluate the variances of antibacterial activities of three chemical and three biological food preservatives among these species or strains by the statistical analysis of MIC using SAS 9.2 software. The biological preservatives exhibited much higher anti- bacillus activities compared to the chemical preservatives, and significant variances of MICs were observed among different Bacillus species for chemical preservatives while no variances were observed for biological preservatives. Variances of MICs among different strains in a species were not observed for both chemical and biological preservatives. The possible antibacterial mechanism has also been discussed to encounter food spoilage.

Topic: Probiotics and Fermented Foods
Subfield: Food Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Supplementary Text from Identification of Promiscuous KIF20A Long Peptides Bearing Both CD4&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; and CD8&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; T-cell Epitopes: KIF20A-Specific CD4&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; T-cell Immunity in Patients with Malignant Tumor

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Text - PDF file 195K, Supplementary Methods and Figure legends&lt;/p&gt;

Topic: Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
Subfield: Immunology
Field: Immunology and Microbiology
Domain: Life Sciences
The Problematic Authority of (World) History

Modern professional history developed in symbiosis with the bureaucratic nation-state and institutionalized science in nineteenth-century Europe, and the conventional grand narrative reflects an idealized view of modernity and modernization. Postcolonial states continued to conform, and location within the national narrative became central to entitlement. Any ostensibly universal account must try to transcend the epistemological and ideological bases of a heterogeneity of histories (vernacular, statesponsored, and transnational), although any claim to epistemic sovereignty is entangled with the practice of power. Despite the realities of cultural difference and political interest, global interdependence requires a usable past. This article considers problems and possibilities.

Topic: Australian History and Society
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Photochemistry of the Nitrogen‐Thiocarbonyl Systems. Part 40. Intermolecular Photoaddition Reaction of Benzenecarbothioamide with γ,δ‐Unsaturated Ketones: A Novel Formation of Cycloalkane‐Fused Pyridine Derivatives by Photoinduced Reaction.

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.

Topic: Organic Chemistry Cycloaddition Reactions
Subfield: Organic Chemistry
Field: Chemistry
Domain: Physical Sciences
Nullius in verba: Version 2.0 of the University of Minnesota, School of Social and Administrative Pharmacy Program, Proposed Guidelines for Formulary Evaluation

The principal objective in introducing Version 2 of the proposed Minnesota Guidelines for Formulary Evaluation is to recognize the challenges faced by formulary committees and other health care decision makers with the introduction of next generation sequencing (NGS) in therapy choice across a range of disease areas. The adoption of NGS promises to disrupt accepted standards in product development and formulary assessment. Although the standards expected in presenting, evaluating and replications clinical and cost-effective claims will still be central to the assessment process, the application of NGS platforms to link therapy choices to identified mutation clusters will require a robust evidence base. These Guidelines are intended to provide the framework for that evidence base by setting protocol driven standards for (i) choosing the appropriate NGS platform and (ii) evaluating NGS platforms in the identification of therapy pathways for target populations in disease states.&#x0D; &#x0D; Type: Commentary

Topic: Health Systems, Economic Evaluations, Quality of Life
Subfield: Economics and Econometrics
Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance
Domain: Social Sciences
REVIEW: Properties of Cereal Brans: A Review

ABSTRACT Cereal brans are functional ingredients with high nutritive value and enormous health properties. Cereal brans have not been fully utilized in food systems despite their health benefits. This review presents an overview on the physical, chemical, microbiological, functional, and sensory properties of cereal brans for possible comparisons and selection to enhance the utilization of this underutilized milling fraction.

Topic: Food composition and properties
Subfield: Nutrition and Dietetics
Field: Nursing
Domain: Health Sciences
Homotopy DG algebras induce homotopy BV algebras

Let TA denote the space underlying the tensor algebra of a vector space A. In this short note, we show that if A is a differential graded algebra, then TA is a differential Batalin-Vilkovisky algebra. Moreover, if A is an A-infinity algebra, then TA is a commutative BV-infinity algebra.

Topic: Advanced Topics in Algebra
Subfield: Algebra and Number Theory
Field: Mathematics
Domain: Physical Sciences
Spatial Interpolation to Predict Mangrove above-Ground Carbon in Loh Buaya, Komodo National Park, Indonesia

Mangrove is an essential coastal vegetation with multiple abilities to protect the land from any hazards that come from the sea, also provides a contribution to combat global climate change by sequestering the carbon in the atmosphere on its stem and root system. Measuring the amount of carbon that can be stored by mangroves using terrestrial surveys is relatively challenging due to the harsh environment. Therefore, an optional method using satellite remote sensing and spatial modeling using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) is needed. This research will combine field sampling and a GIS approach to estimate how much mangroves can store in the research area with spatial interpolation techniques i.e., kriging, spline, topo to raster, and nearest neighbor. To check the accuracy, Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) was used. The most accurate model among others is Spline With Barrier with an RMSE of about 1.82 Mg C Ha-1 with a range of Above-Ground Carbon (AGC) values from 13.94 Mg C Ha-1 to 142.43 Mg C Ha-1. In conclusion, spatial interpolation may assist the mangrove’s carbon spatial modelling with promising accuracy.

Topic: Agricultural and Environmental Management
Subfield: Demography
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Field experiments on the magnesium requirement of cereals, potatoes and sugar beet in relation to nitrogen and potassium application

Abstract In 43 experiments on a range of soils there was little indication that magnesium sulphate applied to the seedbed increased yield of cereals, potatoes or sugar beet. In one experiment only, on potatoes, a very high rate of muriate of potash induced magnesium deficiency. Different rates of ammonium sulphate, compared on cereals only, did not affect crop response to magnesium. The magnesium content of barley foliage and the effects of magnesium sulphate and ammonium sulphate on this content were shown to be related to soil potassium and magnesium levels.

Topic: Crop Yield and Soil Fertility
Subfield: Agronomy and Crop Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Factors Influencing the Willingness to Pay for Aquaponic Products in a Developed Food Market: A Structural Equation Modeling Approach

Even in highly developed food markets, aquaponic products have not yet been successfully introduced. This is particularly surprising, as aquaponics is an excellent example of a sustainable circulation food production system. The purpose of this empirical study was to determine the factors that influence consumers’ willingness to pay for aquaponic products. The direct and indirect relationships were tested via Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). Primary data of 315 respondents from Austria were collected. The findings revealed that the willingness to pay for aquaponic products was significantly and directly driven by the purchase intention. As a result, the successful implementation of aquaponics in the market requires the provision of information for consumers. We suggest emphasizing the value of aquaponics as a sustainable food production system, since indirect factors that influence the willingness to pay are (besides the assessment of aquaponics) environmental awareness and green consumption.

Topic: Innovations in Aquaponics and Hydroponics Systems
Subfield: Aquatic Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
A History of Competitive Gaming

Competitive gaming, or esports – referring to competitive tournaments of video games among both casual gamers and professional players – began in the early 1970s with small competitions like the one held at Stanford University in October 1972, where some 20 researchers and students attended. By 2022, the estimated revenue of the global esports industry is in excess of $947 million, with over 200 million viewers worldwide. Regardless of views held about competitive gaming, esports have become a modern economic and cultural phenomenon. This book studies the full history of competitive gaming from the 1970s to the 2010s against the background of the arrival of the electronic and computer age. It investigates how competitive gaming has grown into a new form of entertainment, a sport-like competition, a lucrative business and a unique cultural sensation. It also explores the role of competitive gaming in the development of the video game industry, making a distinctive contribution to our knowledge and understanding of the history of video games. A History of Competitive Gaming will appeal to all those interested in the business and culture of gaming, as well as those studying modern technological culture.

Topic: Digital Games and Media
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Stability of tillians and impact on the road network: case of the outside basin of Ouergha (Morocco)

The study concerns the cartography of the spatio-temporal evolution of the embankments of the road network of the Oued Ouergha watershed using data from the Landsat images on the one hand, and the modeling of soil stability processes. On the other hand. This region experiences an intense destabilization linked to the combination of several natural factors, such as the brutality and the abundance of the precipitations and the outcrop on the marls and limestones of Cretaceous. Human intervention in this vulnerable environment accentuates its fragility through the clearing and degradation of vegetation cover. The analysis of satellite data has shown that the most degraded soils are not necessarily those with the highest rate of erosion over the past fifteen years and that some well-developed soils are unstable areas after clearing and their non-rational exploitation. Human intervention and the choice of road routes sometimes, combined with climate change, remain the most important factors in weakening and increasing the vulnerability of the slopes. The results obtained made it possible to identify and monitor vulnerable zones at the Ouergha watershed scale, where interventions are needed to limit the processes of slope degradation and their impact on the various road access routes in the region.

Topic: Soil erosion and sediment transport
Subfield: Soil Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Nutrition and Diet Factors in Type 2 Diabetes

We are experiencing a worldwide epidemic of diabetes. Diabetes mellitus has become a major public health burden. Approximately seven million people develop diabetes in both developed and developing countries every year, with the most dramatic increases occurring in Type 2 Diabetes. Especially alarming, is the rising incidence of Type 2 Diabetes in obese children before puberty. In April 2017, a Special Issue of Nutrients entitled “Nutrition and Diet Factors in Type 2 Diabetes” closed with 19 published papers—eight original studies on humans, five on animals, one brief report and five reviews. The focus of the issue was on nutrition, diet factors, whole foods, broad dietary and lifestyle strategies, dietary patterns, intensive personalized treatments, nutritional prevention programs, and food policies that can be used in the development, treatment, and prevention of DM2. Nutrition and Diet Factors in Type 2 Diabetes is written for clinical and academic nutritionists, for registered dietitians, health professionals, graduate students, and for everybody with deeper interest in diabetes care. Studies and reviews presented here demonstrate that diabetes research is extensive and vibrant and the prevention, treatment and reversal of diabetes are achievable, economical, powerful, and possible.

Topic: Diet and metabolism studies
Subfield: Physiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
The Practice of CAT

During the later phase of therapy a range of activities may be undertaken, although these would always be related to previous reformulations. Even during these phases, the work of cognitive analytic therapy involves continual reference back to and focus on prior reformulations, which should describe and illuminate enactments of key reciprocal roles and reciprocal role procedures within and outside of sessions. This chapter considers the main issues and techniques involved in these later phases. In the course of therapy, therapists, aided by supervision, can use their identifying counter-transference to explore feelings that the patient is conveying non-verbally but does not or cannot acknowledge or experience consciously. In many models of therapy, the failure of patients to engage constructively in the work of therapy is often labeled “resistance,” and similarly the occurrence of apparent therapeutic regression following some initial progress may be described as a “negative therapeutic reaction.”

Topic: Psychotherapy Techniques and Applications
Subfield: Clinical Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
[Changes of cerebral blood flow during 21 d head-down tilt bed rest and the effect of lower body negative pressure during the last week].

Objective. To investigate the changes of cerebral blood flow (CBF) during 21 d head-down tilt (HDT) bed rest and the effect of lower body negative pressure (LBNP) in the last week. Method. Twelve healthy male subjects were randomly divided into control and LBNP groups, with 6 in each group. All of them were exposed to -6 degrees HDT for 21 d. The LBNP group received -4.0 kPa LBNP training 1 h/d in the last week of HDT while the control group did not. CBF and cerebral vascular resistance were measured by rheoencephalogram in pre-HDT, day 3, 10 and 21 of HDT. Result. In control group, left cerebral I quadrant area and inrush velocity decreased significantly during HDT, and left cerebral delta Gy wave crest height decreased significantly, whereas left cerebral resistance index increased significantly on day 3 and 21 of HDT as compared to those of pre-HDT. In LBNP group, left cerebral I quadrant area decreased significantly, and left cerebral delta Gy wave crest height and inrush velocity tended to decrease on day 3 and 21 of HDT, whereas left cerebral resistance index increased significantly during HDT as compared to those of pre-HDT. There were no significant differences between above indexes in control group and LBNP group. Conclusion. It is suggested that 21 d HDT may increase cerebral vascular resistance and decrease CBF, which can not be prevented by LBNP training in the last week of 21 d HDT.

Topic: Spaceflight effects on biology
Subfield: Physiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Is female smoking rising or declining in India?

© 2015. MedIntel Services Pvt Ltd. This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonDerivative-NonCommercial-License, permitting copying and reproduction so long as the original work is given appropriate credit. Contents may not be used for commercial purposes, or adapted, remixed, transformed or built upon. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/.)

Topic: Global Public Health Policies and Epidemiology
Subfield: Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management
Field: Business, Management and Accounting
Domain: Social Sciences
Devonian reef complexes in the northern Canning Basin, Western Australia

Abstract Late Givetian to late Famennian reef complexes are well exposed in rough limestone ranges for about 180 miles along the northern margin of the Canning Basin. They have undergone relatively little tectonic disturbance since deposition. Reef, back-reef, fore-reef, and inter-reef facies are recognized. The reef and back-reef deposits together make up limestone platforms which stood some tens to hundreds of feet above the surrounding inter-reef basins. They are from a few acres to hundreds of square miles in area, and may be 3,000 feet or more thick. Most of the reef complexes grew on Precambrian rocks, along the mainland shore of the Kimberley Block, around islands, and on submerged ridges. One reef complex grew on Ordovician dolomite. Each platform is normally rimmed by a narrow reef, which is commonly 100 to 1,000 feet wide, but is discontinuous in some areas. The reefs were built up by blue-green algae, stromatoporoids, and corals. Dolomitization is common. The back-reef deposits were laid down in very shallow shelf lagoons and consist of well-bedded stromatoporoid, algal, coral, and oolitic limestones. The fore-reef facies was derived principally as talus from the platforms. Depositional dips are often as high as 30 to 35 degrees. The inter-reef facies is composed mainly of terrigenous sediments. The reef complexes are overlain conformably by the Fairfield Formation, a late Famennian to Tournaisian sequence of shale, limestone and sandstone. Masses of terrigenous conglomerate interfinger with the reef complexes in some areas, while in others the Devonian rocks are overlain unconformably by similar conglomerates of probable Permian or Carboniferous age.

Topic: Geological and Geophysical Studies
Subfield: Geology
Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences
Domain: Physical Sciences
Design of mobile radio transceiver RFICs: current status and future trends

This paper gives an introduction to transceiver design for second and third generation wireless communications systems. Different transceiver front-end related testcase specifications and their relation to specific transceiver characteristics are explained. A review of some receiver architectures and their suitability for the two different systems followed by a perspective of future trends in transceiver front-end design is given.

Topic: Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit Design
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Energy Landscape Design Principle for Optimal Energy Harnessing by Catalytic Molecular Machines

Under temperature oscillation, cyclic molecular machines such as catalysts and enzymes could harness energy from the oscillatory bath and use it to drive other processes. Using a novel geometrical approach, under fast temperature oscillation, we derive a general design principle for obtaining the optimal catalytic energy landscape that can harness energy from a temperature-oscillatory bath and use it to invert a spontaneous reaction. By driving the reaction against the spontaneous direction, the catalysts convert low free energy product molecules to high free energy reactant molecules. The design principle, derived for arbitrary cyclic catalysts, is expressed as a simple quadratic objective function that only depends on the reaction activation energies, and is independent of the temperature protocol. Since the reaction activation energies are directly accessible by experimental measurements, the objective function can be directly used to guide the search for optimal energy-harvesting catalysts.

Topic: Hydrogen Storage and Materials
Subfield: Materials Chemistry
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Extended Standard Model in multi-spinor field formalism: Visible and dark sectors

To generalize the Standard Model so as to include dark matter, we formulate a theory of multi-spinor fields on the basis of an algebra that consists of triple-tensor products of elements of the Dirac algebra. Chiral combinations of multi-spinor fields form reducible representations of the Lorentz group possessing component fields with spin 1/2, which we interpret as expressing three ordinary families and an additional fourth family of quarks and leptons. Apart from the gauge and Higgs fields of the Standard Model interacting with the fermions of the three ordinary families, we assume the existence of additional gauge and Higgs fields interacting exclusively with the fermions of the fourth family. While the fields of the Standard Model organize the “visible sector” of our universe, the fields related with the fourth family are presumed to generate a “dark sector” that can contain dark matter. The two sectors possess a channel of communication through the bi-quadratic interaction between visible and dark Higgs fields. After experiencing a common inflationary phase, the two sectors follow a reheating period and weak-coupling paths of thermal histories. We propose scenarios for dark matter that have a tendency to take relatively broad interstellar distributions and examine methods for the detection of the main candidate particles of dark matter. The exchange of superposed fields of the visible and dark Higgs bosons induces weak reaction processes between the fields of the visible and dark sectors, which enables us to have a glimpse of the dark sector.

Topic: Dark Matter and Cosmic Phenomena
Subfield: Nuclear and High Energy Physics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Pengaruh perceived value, customer satisfaction, dan brand association terhadap repurchase intention

In competitive competition, repurchasing becomes one way to increase sales. Therefore, this research would like to test if perceived value, customer satisfaction, and brand association take an effect to repurchase intention smartphones. This research is descriptive and quantitative with a collection of respondents in cross-sectional. As 223 people have taken the questionnaire and 208 people are considered decent to be respondents in this research. The data were analyzed with Structure Equation Model based on Partial Least Square. Perceived value was found to not affect repurchase intention, meanwhile, customer satisfaction and brand association were found to affect repurchase intention.&#x0D; Dalam persaingan yang kompetitif, pembelian kembali merupakan salah satu cara untuk meningkatkan penjualan. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini ingin menguji apakah perceived value, customer satisfaction, dan brand association berpengaruh pada repurchase intention smartphone. Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kuantitatif dengan pengumpulan responden secara cross-sectional. Sebanyak 223 responden telah mengisi kuesioner dan 208 responden yang dianggap layak untuk penelitian ini. Data dianalisis menggunakan Structure Equation Model berdasarkan Partial Least Square dan didapatkan hasil bahwa perceived value tidak berpengaruh kepada repurchase intention, sedangkan customer satisfaction dan brand association berpengaruh kepada repurchase intention.

Topic: Consumer Behavior and Marketing Influence
Subfield: Marketing
Field: Business, Management and Accounting
Domain: Social Sciences