jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Genetic analysis in ashwagandha [Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal]

The present investigation was undertaken to decipher multivariate diversity, variability, genetic parameters and traits association in Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal), genotypes for the yield of a dry root, total alkaloids in root and agro-morphological traits. A total of 16 genotypes were evaluated at three experimental sites in Gujarat, India. A randomized complete block design with two replications was used to conduct the trial. Pooled ANOVA results showed highly significant differences (p < 0.001) among the genotypes (G), environments (E) and G x E interactions. Higher phenotypic and genotypic coefficient of variation values were recorded for yield and agro-morphological traits indicating variation and scope of improvement through selection based on phenotypes. Higher heritability associated with greater genetic advance for the majority of traits showed a prevalence of additive gene effect and thus, phenotypic selection will be more productive. Based on the similarity of traits within and between members of clusters, genotypes were divided into five clusters. The principal component analysis (PCA) showed that most of the differences (76.90%) were explained by the first four PCA. The correlation analysis implies that improving one or more components traits could result in enhancement in root yield and total alkaloid content in ashwagandha. Genetic variability was present for the traits under study in the tested genotypes. Hybridization of genotypes from different clusters could be able to yield new genotypes combining high yield and other desirable yield-contributing traits.

Topic: Phytochemicals and Medicinal Plants
Subfield: Complementary and alternative medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Indian Nationalism and Hindu Widowhood: Contesting Margins in Indira Goswami’s Adha Lekha Dastabej

A relentless motif surrounding Indian nationalism has been the proliferation of the image of Indian womanhood, wherein the 'woman' symbolizes the spirit of purity. Thus, Indira Goswami in her autobiography Adha Lekha Dastabej or An Unfinished Autobiography probes the underlying foundation of the rituals and religious ethics and the unquestioned beliefs which perpetrate and perpetuate female oppression. Historically, the genre of autobiography was chosen as a medium of self-referential writing by Indian women only from the late nineteenth century onwards, ironically as a consequential effect of colonialism. Indira Goswami's autobiography highlights the exploitation and poverty of widows dumped in the sacred city of Vrindavan to eke out their days in prayer by uncaring families under the guise of religious sanction and tradition. Thus, Aadha Lekha Dastabej illustrates the popular culture associations of widows with sexual availability and thereby equating it with prostitution.

Topic: South Asian Cinema and Culture
Subfield: Visual Arts and Performing Arts
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
The Electronic Adiabatic-to-Diabatic Transformation Matrix and the Irreducible Representation of the Rotation Group

In this publication we consider the electronically multi-fold degeneracy with the aim of revealing the connection between the adiabatic-to-diabatic transformation matrices and Wigner's irreducible representation of the rotation group. To form the connection we constructed simplified models of two, three and four states, all (electronically) degenerate at a single point, and we employed the relevant non-adiabatic coupling matrices. We found that once these matrices are properly quantized (Baer, M. Chem. Phys. 259,123,2000) the adiabatic-to-diabatic transformation matrices and Wigner's dj-rotation matrices are related via a similarity transformation.

Topic: Molecular spectroscopy and chirality
Subfield: Spectroscopy
Field: Chemistry
Domain: Physical Sciences
study of ketoacidosis and its determining factors of mortality among the diabetic patients admitted in a tertiary hospital

Introduction: Ketoacidosis is one of the acute metabolic complications of diabetes. It is more common and has a higher death rate in India &amp;south Asia. To our knowledge, there are very few studies done on diabetic ketoacidosis in Madhya Pradesh. The aim of our study was to determine the hospital prevalence of diabetic ketoacidosis, to describe their epidemio-clinical features as well as to look for determinants of hospital mortality in patients attending Bundelkhand Medical college tertiary hospitalMethods: This is a descriptive retrospective study of diabetics admitted to this unit for ketoacidosis, over a period of 15 months (from January 1, 2021, to March 30, 2022). Results: Sixty-four patients were selected for the study. The hospital prevalence of ketoacidosis was 5.61%. The mean age of the patients was 46.3 years with a sex ratio of 0.94. Type 2 diabetes predominated in terms of frequency (62.5%). In 37.5% of cases, ketoacidosis was the inaugural diabetes. For patients known to be diabetic before admission, infection was the most common etiologic factor (48.44%), followed by discontinuation of treatment (31.25%).

Topic: Diabetes and associated disorders
Subfield: Genetics
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
LHD tsmesh_v #186254.1 (analyzed)

Effective minor radius (reff) and local magnetic field (B_r: radial magnetic field, B_z: axial magnetic field, B_phi: circumferential or azimuthal magnetic field) at vertically elongated cross section.

Topic: Archaeological Research and Protection
Subfield: Space and Planetary Science
Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences
Domain: Physical Sciences
Supplementary Figure 7 from Cancer Cells Exploit eIF4E2-Directed Synthesis of Hypoxia Response Proteins to Drive Tumor Progression

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 657K, Reintroduction of exogenous eIF4E2 restores tumor cell proliferation.&lt;/p&gt;

Topic: Cancer, Hypoxia, and Metabolism
Subfield: Cancer Research
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
THE CARGO MARKET: THE CURRENT SITUATION AND PROSPECTS OF DEVELOPMENT

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Topic: Economic Systems and Logistics Management
Subfield: General Economics, Econometrics and Finance
Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance
Domain: Social Sciences
High-brilliance home-lab X-ray sources: status and future

Modern microfocus X-ray sources define the state-of-the-art for a number of applications such as protein crystallography and small-angle scattering in the home lab.These sources have small source sizes of 100 µm or smaller.They are usually combined with multilayer mirrors as beam-shaping devices that image the source spot onto the sample position, magnified to a suitable size, and deliver a parallel or focused monochromatic beam.Microfocusing rotating anode systems deliver flux densities in the range of 10 11 photons/(s mm 2 ) at power loads of up to 20 kW/mm 2 when combined with synthetic multilayer mirrors [1].However, these sources are expensive, and need regular and sometimes time-consuming maintenance.Low power microfocus sealed tube sources such as the Incoatec Microfocus Source "IµS" represent an interesting low-maintenance alternative to rotating anode generators.Power loads of several kW/mm 2 in anode spot sizes of ≤ 50 µm deliver a small and highly brilliant beam [2].The IµS delivers a flux density of up to 10 10 photons/(s mm 2 ) in a focused beam (FWHM = 0.11 mm, 7.6 mrad) suitable for most protein crystals.Emerging microfocus X-ray sources based on liquid-metal-jet technologies show even higher power loads up to 500 kW/mm 2 , an order of magnitude higher than possible with solid target sources, and intensities up to 10 12 photons/(s mm 2 ) together with a relatively low power consumption and reduced maintenance [3].We will present selected results from several microfocus source systems to demonstrate their potential for crystallography and small-angle scattering.

Topic: Advanced X-ray Imaging Techniques
Subfield: Radiation
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Biological characterization of Enterobacter sakazakii.

Enterobacter sakazakii, a motile peritrichous gram-negative rod, has been implicated in a severe form of neonatal meningitis. Dried-infant formula has been implicated in both outbreaks and sporadic cases of E. sakazakii meningitis. Reported case-fatality rates vary from 40 to 80%. Strains of E. sakazakii were isolated from dried-infant formula available on the Canadian retail market. The prevalence varied from 0--12% in 120 samples evaluated from 5 different companies. Nine clinical E. sakazakii strains were obtained from Canadian hospital culture collections. Minimum growth temperatures of 7.0 to 8.5°C were observed. Average generation times were 40 min at 23°C and 4.98 h at 10°C. E. sakazakii strains did not grow at 4°C and appeared to die-off during storage. Heat resistance studies determined the heat resistance of this organism at 52, 54, 56, 58 and 60°C, obtaining D-values of 54.8, 23.7, 10.3, 4.2 and 2.5 min, respectively. The overall calculated z-value was 5.82°C. Using the standard suckling mouse assay, it was found that four strains (1 food and 3 clinical) produced enterotoxin. Dose response studies indicated that 15 of 18 E. sakazakii strains caused lethality in mice by intraperitoneal injection, two through oral feeding. From the 18 strains examined, 3 biotypes and 4 antibiogram patterns were observed. Ribotyping categorized the test strains into 10 clusters. Two decamer primers were selected for random amplification of polymorphic DNA (RAPD) typing. Banding patterns were similar for three strains isolated from the same hospital, although each strain was isolated in a different year. All three of the food isolates from company A showed similar profiles, while two food strains isolated from Company B formula revealed different profiles. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) revealed a similar number of bands to that of RAPD (4--13 bands), giving distinguishable patterns that allowed for the comparison of E. sakazakii strains. RAPD and PFGE were the most discriminatory methods for distinguishing clinical and food isolates of E. sakazakii. Overall, the abilities of RAPD and PFGE to differentiate between strains were comparable, followed by ribotyping, biotyping and antibiograms. In conclusion, my studies have found that E. sakazakii is prevalent in dried-infant formula available on the Canadian retail market. This organism can grow at temperatures found in many home refrigerators. Growth studies in reconstituted dried-infant formula indicate a generation time of only 40 min at ambient temperatures. Heat resistance studies indicate that E. sakazakii appears to be one of the most thermotolerant organisms among the Enterobacteriaceae. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)

Topic: Enterobacteriaceae and Cronobacter Research
Subfield: Endocrinology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
An exploration of metacognition and its interplay with other forms of conscious thought processing in independent learning at tertiary level.

Educators are increasingly required to assist learners not simply with subject content, but with developing metacognitive skills for independent learning, interdisciplinary learning and lifelong learning. However, there is a dearth of research on how metacognitive processing interacts with other forms of processing in authentic, real-world learning environments. In light of this, this study concerned itself with furthering understanding of metacognition, cognition and its interactions with other forms of conscious thought processing within the real-world setting of a Self-Access Learning Centre (SALC) supporting independent learning at tertiary level in Japan. &#13;\n&#13;\nThis study employed a Grounded Theory Methodology, based on a constructivist paradigm, to explore the various forms of processing that occur during independent learning. A sample of 47 students in a Japanese University undertook a range of independent learning tasks individually and/or as part of a group. Verbal protocol analysis, discourse analysis, audio and video recordings were used to record various forms of processing that emerged during the implementation of the tasks within this independent learning context. This data was then subjected to the rigorous process of constant comparison, through which codes were developed, and the categories of processing, the processing sequences and the interplay between thought processes during independent learning were elucidated. As an exploratory study, the findings cannot be considered widely applicable to larger, more diverse learner populations.&#13;\n&#13;\nThe findings have added new knowledge to the fields of metacognition and independent learning by identifying the categories of processing that account for all conscious processing occuring during independent learning. The resultant grounded theory posits that different types of processing, namely, metacognitive, cognitive, affective, physical and off-task processing, interact to influence the learning experience in independent learning. Finally, it postulates that each type of processing is multi-dimensional and that the interactions within and between these processes and the learning experience are non-linear and complex.

Topic: Innovative Teaching and Learning Methods
Subfield: Developmental and Educational Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Urine neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin and urine output as predictors of the successful discontinuation of continuous renal replacement therapy in critically ill patients with acute kidney injury

Abstract Background: Continuous renal replacement therapy (CCRT) is a frequently used modality for the support of intensive care patients with acute kidney injury (AKI). Nevertheless, there are no objective criteria for the discontinuation of CRRT. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether urine neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (uNGAL) alone or in combination with urine output could be used as a diagnostic test for renal function recovery in ICU patients on CRRT. Methods: This was a single-centre prospective observational study including patients with acute kidney failure needing CRRT. Sixty-nine patients were enrolled, and 54 completed the study. Of the 54 patients, 22 recovered renal function (REC), defined as dialysis independency at 72 hours from discontinuation, while 32 patients did not (NREC). Urine NGAL was measured at 0, 6, 12, and 24 hours after CRRT discontinuation. The cumulated urine output was measured for 24 hours prior to discontinuation and at 6, 12, and 24 hours after discontinuation. Missing uNGAL values were calculated by interpolation. The Youden’s index was used to calculate cut-off values in order to define uNGAL and urine output single variable and 2-variable diagnostic tests with the optimum prediction of successful CRRT discontinuation. Results: Baseline characteristics at CRRT initiation were similar between groups. Compared to the NREC group, the REC group had significantly higher urine output (p&lt;0.0001) and lower uNGAL (p&lt;0.001) at all time points, except for uNGAL at 24 hours (p&lt;0.24). The best uNGAL predictor for successful CRRT discontinuation was uNGAL at 6 hours after discontinuation (predictive value 80%). The best single predictor was cumulated urine output 24 hours before discontinuation (predictive value 85%). The combinations of uNGAL at 6 hours (cut-off 1650 µg/L) with cumulated urine output 24 hours prior to discontinuation (cut-off 210 ml) proved to be the superior tests (using either “or” or “and”), with predictive values of 93% (successful CRRT discontinuation) and 92% (dialysis dependency). Conclusions: With a predictive value of 93%, the combination of uNGAL at 6 hours after and the cumulated urine output 24 hours prior to CRRT cessation proved to be the best diagnostic test for successful CRRT discontinuation in ICU patients. Clinical trial registration: N/A

Topic: Acute Kidney Injury Research
Subfield: Nephrology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
References

Learning and Teaching in Early Childhood: Pedagogies of Inquiry and Relationships is an introduction for early childhood educators beginning their studies. Reflecting the fact that there is no single correct approach to the challenges of teaching, this book explores teaching through two lenses: teaching as inquiry and teaching as relating. The first part of the book focuses on inquiry, covering early childhood learning environments, learning theories, play pedagogies, approaches to teaching and learning, documentation and assessment, and the policy, curriculum and regulatory requirements in Australia. The second part explores relationships in early childhood contexts and covers topics such as fostering meaningful and respectful relationships with children, and working with families, staff and the wider community. Written by well-respected academics in the field, Learning and Teaching in Early Childhood is a vital resource for those entering the early childhood education and care profession.

Topic: Early Childhood Education and Development
Subfield: Education
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
COVID-19/SARS-CoV-2 Infection: Lysosomes and Lysosomotropism Implicate New Treatment Strategies and Personal Risks

In line with SARS and MERS, the SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 pandemic is one of the largest challenges in medicine and health care worldwide. SARS-CoV-2 infection/COVID-19 provides numerous therapeutic targets, each of them promising, but not leading to the success of therapy to date. Neither an antiviral nor an immunomodulatory therapy in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection/COVID-19 or pre-exposure prophylaxis against SARS-CoV-2 has proved to be effective. In this review, we try to close the gap and point out the likely relationships among lysosomotropism, increasing lysosomal pH, SARS-CoV-2 infection, and disease process, and we deduce an approach for the treatment and prophylaxis of COVID-19, and cytokine release syndrome (CRS)/cytokine storm triggered by bacteria or viruses. Lysosomotropic compounds affect prominent inflammatory messengers (e.g., IL-1B, CCL4, CCL20, and IL-6), cathepsin-L-dependent viral entry of host cells, and products of lysosomal enzymes that promote endothelial stress response in systemic inflammation. As supported by recent clinical data, patients who have already taken lysosomotropic drugs for other pre-existing conditions likely benefit from this treatment in the COVID-19 pandemic. The early administration of a combination of antivirals such as remdesivir and lysosomotropic drugs, such as the antibiotics teicoplanin or dalbavancin, seems to be able to prevent SARS-CoV-2 infection and transition to COVID-19.

Topic: Long-Term Effects of COVID-19
Subfield: Neurology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Assessment of Reliability of Mixing Process in Diverse Mixers

Homogeneity of fodder blends is one of the primary fodder blend quality criteria. Inadequate mixing of fodder ingredients may cause insufficient growth of livestock and unsuccessful medical treatment in the case of healing fodder. Majority of fodder producers make use of the information contained in the fodder blend technical dossier for the purpose of target mixing parameters. However, average mixing time, that is very often specified, does not reflect the specific nature of a given fodder blend. Apart from the fodder blend construction parameters, physical properties of raw materials used for production purposes, in particular disintegration degree, fodder blend discharge manner, filling degree have an impact upon the homogeneity of mixing. The research on the homogeneity of mixing in various fodder producers has proven the necessity to control this stage of production.

Topic: Material Properties and Applications
Subfield: General Materials Science
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
JAVANESE LEGAL ETHICS

In this paper I will only discuss Javanese law in relation to the underlying ethics; how Javanese law preserved the existing institutions in its society, and how the Javanese society formulated the violations of the law, in connection with ideals and ideas that are often deeply rooted, so as not to be unable or difficult to formulate by the Javanese society itself. The scope of the issues discussed in this paper is ethics in Javanese culture; especially regarding ethics in Javanese Law. Social control provides parameters, guidelines or norms about what is wrong and what is right, as well as what is normal and what is abnormal. In other words, social control is intended to prevent the behaviour of citizens from being too distorted, so as to ensure an integration of life in the society that is considered normal. The purpose of all that is to maintain a balance between stability and change.

Topic: Legal Studies and Policies
Subfield: Law
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Kajian Pengendalian Malaria di Provinsi Sumatera Utara dalam Upaya Mencapai Eliminasi Malaria

Abstract&#x0D; North Sumatera province was the largest contributor to malaria positive cases for Sumatera island in 2016. This study aim was to analyze the malaria situation in North Sumatera, subsequently taken into consideration for the preparation of a strategic plan to achieve the elimination of malaria in the region. Malaria case data, figures on Slide Positivity Rate, Annual Parasite Incidence, and plasmodium species were derived fromthe entire districts and cities of the North Sumatera province. Data were collected from 2010 - 2016. The data were analyzed qualitatively or descriptively. The results showed the Annual Parasite Incidence in North Sumatera had tended to decline from 0.91 per 1000 population in 2010 to 0.27 per 1000 population in 2016. The results showed the number of Slide Positivity Rate increased from 8.80 % in 2010 to 17.06 % in 2013 but decreased to 8.71 % in 2016. Target elimination of malaria in North Sumatera (2020) can be achieved when the discovery of cases of malaria, such as the enhanced efforts in intensification and extension, followed by improvement of malaria case management and vector control.&#x0D; Abstrak&#x0D; Provinsi Sumatera Utara termasuk daerah malaria penyumbang terbanyak kasus positif malaria di Pulau Sumatera pada tahun 2016. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis situasi malaria di Provinsi Sumatera Utara, selanjutnya menjadi bahan pertimbangan untuk penyusunan rencana strategis dalam tercapainya eliminasi malaria di wilayah ini. Data kasus malaria, angka Slide Positivity Rate, angka Annual Parasite Incidence, jenis Plasmodium dan lainnya diperoleh dari seluruh kabupaten/kota di Provinsi Sumatera Utara. Data dikumpulkan dari tahun 2010-2016. Analisis data dilakukan secara kualitatif atau descriptive analysis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan saat ini angka Annual Parasite Incidence malaria di Provinsi SumateraUtara sudah cenderung menurun dari 0,91 per 1000 penduduk pada tahun 2010 menjadi 0,27 per 1000 penduduk pada tahun 2016. Namun, angka Slide Positivity Rate dari pada tahun 2010 mempunyai kecenderungan meningkat dari 8,80 % pada tahun 2010 meningkat terus sampai 17,06% pada tahun 2013, walaupun menurun lagi menjadi 8,71 % pada tahun 2016. Target eliminasi malaria di Sumatera Utara tahun 2020 dapat dicapai apabila penemuan kasus malaria, seperti upaya intensifikasi dan ekstensifikasi ditingkatkan, diikuti dengan perbaikan penatalaksanaan kasus, dan pengendalian vektor.&#x0D; &#x0D;

Topic: Healthcare Quality and Satisfaction
Subfield: General Health Professions
Field: Health Professions
Domain: Health Sciences