jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Perceptions of spiritual care among nurses undertaking postregistration education

Previous research has suggested that qualified nurses recognize that patients have spiritual needs and consider meeting those needs to be important. However, there is also evidence suggesting that nurses feel ill prepared for, and uncertain about, their role as spiritual care providers. A questionnaire on spiritual care and the nurse’s role was distributed to a group of 59 registered nurses (of varying ages and levels of experience) undertaking a palliative care module as part of a postregistration degree programme in Scotland. The findings demonstrated that respondents regarded spiritual care as important, especially for certain patient groups. They also thought nurses had a significant responsibility in spiritual caregiving. Individuals varied in how difficult they found identifying patients in need of spiritual care and in meeting those needs. However, analysis of responses revealed considerable insight into possible signs of patient need, examples of nursing interventions and potential barriers to effective spiritual care. Some areas of relative lack of knowledge were identified and may indicate where future efforts to raise awareness of spiritual care among similar groups of nurses should be concentrated.

Topic: Religion, Spirituality, and Psychology
Subfield: Health
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
The Relationship between Health Literacy and General Health Level of Hemodialysis Patients: A Case Study in Iran

Background: Health literacy includes the social cognitive skills that determine the motivation and ability of individuals in achieving, understanding, and utilizing information to maintain and enhance health. People with inadequate health literacy have a weaker health condition. The present study aimed at investigating the relationship between health literacy and the general health level of hemodialysis patients. Methods: This descriptive - analytical study was performed on 130 hemodialysis patients of Baharlu Hospital in Tehran. Data were collected using Health Literacy and General Health Assessment Tool. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS 21.0 software and Spearman correlation test. Results: The results revealed that the health literacy mean score was 46.81 Â± 22.87 and that the studied individuals did not have sufficient health literacy. The general health mean score was 14.20 Â± 6.50, and there was a statistically significant relationship between health literacy and general health (P < 0.05). Conclusions: In this study, it was found that those with higher health literacy score had better general health. Dialysis causes many clinical and psychological problems, limiting physical and mental activities of the patients. The decrease in health literacy is associated with a decrease in health including physical and psychological problems. In general, dialysis patients still need to learn more about health literacy and general health.

Topic: Health Literacy and Information Accessibility
Subfield: General Health Professions
Field: Health Professions
Domain: Health Sciences
Designing a CRM Framework for online &amp; offline sports footwear retailers

The use of Customer Relationship Managers to foster customers loyalty has become one of the most common business strategies in the past years. However, CRM solutions do not fill the abundance of happily ever-after relationships that business needs, and each client’s perception is different in the buying process. Therefore, the experience must be precise, in order to extend the loyalty period of a customer as much as possible. One of the economic sectors in which CRM’s have improved this experience is retailing, where the personalized attention to the customer is a key factor. However, brick and mortar experiences are not enough to be aware in how environmental changes could affect the industry trends in the long term. A base unified theoretical framework must be taken into consideration, in order to develop an adaptable model for constructing or implementing CRMs into companies. Thanks to this approximation, the information is complemented, and the outcome will increment the quality in any Marketing/Sales initiative. The goal of this article is to explore the different factors grouped by three main domains within the impact of service quality, from a consumer’s perspective, in both on-line and off-line retailing sector. Secondly, we plan to go a step further and extract base guidelines about previous analysis for designing CRM’s solutions focused on the loyalty of the customers for a specific retailing sector and its product: Sports Running Shoes.

Topic: Customer Service Quality and Loyalty
Subfield: Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management
Field: Business, Management and Accounting
Domain: Social Sciences
Application of fuzzy classification and fuzzy pattern recognition for distributed production and global supply chain

Global Corporations have to manage distributed production over the whole world. Therefore global supply chains are needed. This paper discusses the problem how global production plants and their supply chains can be classified. The classification focuses on demand and supply of production and supply chain. The problem of forecasting the demand of a global supply chain is introduced. The difficulty of aggregated planning is examined. The problem of supply and demand synchronization of predictable variability is shown. Objective of the paper is to show solutions of the mentioned problems by using fuzzy classification and fuzzy pattern recognition methods. The approach is to use the classification methods fuzzy c-means (FCM) and Improved Fuzzy Clustering (IFC). Supply and demand patterns can be found with fuzzy pattern recognition. Therefore the methods Multi Feature Pattern Recognition and Fuzzy Inference System Type-2 (FIS 2) with neural network methods are introduced. The solution of the mentioned approach is realized by the application PROCAS (Process Optimization, Control, Analysis and Simulation). PROCAS uses a data warehouse database for multidimensional fuzzy classification data and Business Intelligence (BI) functionalities. The key result is that fuzzy classification and fuzzy pattern recognition applications improve the planning and operating of supply and demand in a distributed production and a global supply chain.

Topic: Scheduling and Optimization Algorithms
Subfield: Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Micro-Explosion Phenomenon: Conditions and Benefits

Adding water to fuel droplets is known to lead to puffing and micro-explosion. Puffing and micro-explosion lead to a rapid increase in the liquid fuel surface area. This, in turn, leads to an increase in the fuel evaporation rate and the formation of a homogeneous fuel vapor/air mixture. The latter is important for improving the efficiency of combustion technologies, including those used in internal combustion engines. The effects produced by puffing and micro-explosion lead to a reduction in fuel consumption, improved fuel/air mixing, and a reduction in harmful emissions. The contributions of puffing and micro-explosion to fire extinguishing have also been discussed in many papers. In this paper, we review the state of the art in the investigation of composite droplet micro-explosion and discuss the sufficient conditions for the start of puffing/micro-explosion as well as child droplet characteristics.

Topic: Combustion and Detonation Processes
Subfield: Aerospace Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Platelet-activating factor increases platelet-dependent glycoconjugate secretion from tracheal submucosal gland

Using isolated glands from feline trachea, we examined the effect of platelet-activating factor (PAF) on radiolabeled glycoconjugate release and glandular contraction by measuring induced tension in the absence or presence of platelets. PAF alone did not produce any significant glandular contraction nor any significant change in glycoconjugate release from isolated glands. In the presence of purified platelets containing no plasma, PAF (10(-8) to 10(-5) M) produced significant glycoconjugate secretion in a dose-dependent fashion, but it produced no significant glandular contraction. PAF-evoked glycoconjugate secretion was time dependent, reaching a peak response of 277% of control 15-30 min after the exposure of isolated glands to 10(-5) M PAF in the presence of platelets and returning to 135% of controls at 2 h. Platelets alone did not produce any significant stimulation in glycoconjugate release. CV-3988, a known PAF antagonist, inhibited the secretory response to PAF. Methysergide, a known antagonist to receptors for 5-hydroxytryptamine, did not alter PAF-evoked glycoconjugate secretion. Both indomethacin and SQ 29,548, a thromboxane receptor antagonist, abolished the PAF-evoked glycoconjugate secretion from isolated submucosal glands. Epithiomethanothromboxane A2, a stable thromboxane A2 analogue, produced a significant increase in glycoconjugate secretion in a dose-dependent fashion. These findings indicate that PAF increases glycoconjugate release in the presence of platelets and that the increase is dependent on some aspect of platelet function, namely thromboxane generation.

Topic: Asthma and respiratory diseases
Subfield: Physiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Anxiety among the Patient with Lumber Disc Prolapse: A Case Report

Anxiety is an internalized fear aroused by an impulse .It is a painful emotional experience produced by excitations in the in the internal organs of the body. It is the form of fear not based on the present situation, but also upon the actual or imaginative experience of the past, present, and future. The symptoms of anxiety are common in the community and typically persist for many years and are also associated with personal disorders.1 There are various types of anxieties but we mainly focused on two types of anxieties with respect to our case and these are: 1. STATE ANXIETY: 2. TRAIT ANXIETY:

Topic: Musculoskeletal pain and rehabilitation
Subfield: Pharmacology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
[Prognostic value of ventricular arrhythmias].

In patients with heart failure ventricular arrhythmias correlate with the functional class and thus they are a marker of heart disease severity. An "independent" prognostic value of ventricular arrhythmias is generally accepted in post-infarction patients, but it is controversial in the presence of other heart diseases. According to the results of the MADIT and MUSTT studies the prognostic significance can be improved in post-infarction patients with non-sustained ventricular tachycardia during an electrophysiologic study aimed to evaluate the inducibility of sustained ventricular tachyarrhythmias with programmed electrical stimulation: in the "non-inducible" patients the prognosis is better than in "inducible" patients. Thus, we suggest to perform an electrophysiological evaluation in post-infarction patients and in patients with non-sustained ventricular tachycardia.

Topic: Cardiac Arrhythmias and Treatments
Subfield: Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Effect of Multilaminate Small Intestinal Submucosa as a Barrier Membrane on Bone Formation in a Rabbit Mandible Defect Model

A barrier membrane (BM) is essential for guided bone regeneration (GBR) procedures. Absorbable BMs based on collagen have been widely applied clinically due to their excellent biocompatibility. The extracellular matrix (ECM) provides certain advantages that can compensate for the rapid degradation and insufficient mechanical strength of pure collagen membrane due to the porous scaffold structure. Recently, small intestinal submucosa (SIS), one of the most widely used ECM materials, has drawn much attention in bone tissue engineering. In this study, we adopted multilaminate SIS (mSIS) as a BM and evaluated its in vivo and in vitro properties. mSIS exhibited a multilaminate structure with a smooth upper surface and a significantly coarser bottom layer according to microscopic observation. Tensile strength was 13.10 ± 2.56 MPa. In in vivo experiments, we selected a rabbit mandibular defect model and subcutaneous implantation to compare osteogenesis and biodegradation properties with one of the most commonly used commercial collagen membranes. mSIS was retained for up to 3 months and demonstrated longer biodegradation time than commercial collagen membrane. Quantification of bone regeneration revealed significant differences in each group. Micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) revealed that the quantity and maturity of bones in the mSIS group were significantly higher than those in the blank control group ( P &lt; 0.05) and were similar to those in a commercial collagen membrane group ( P &gt; 0.05) at 4 and 12 weeks after surgery. Hematoxylin and eosin staining revealed large amounts of mature lamellar bone at 12 weeks in mSIS and commercial collagen membrane groups. Therefore, we conclude that mSIS has potential as a future biocompatible BM in GBR procedures.

Topic: Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Molecule-Induced Homolysis versus “Concerted Oxenoid Oxygen Insertion” in the Oxidation of Organic Compounds by Dimethyldioxirane

Evidence for a molecule-induced homolysis of dimethyldioxirane by several classes of organic compounds (alkanes, alkenes, ethers, alcohols, aldehydes, iododerivatives) is reported. Carbon-centered radicals, arising from alkanes, ethers, and aldehydes, are trapped by CBrCl3 or protonated quinolines. The dramatic influence of oxygen in these reactions, as well as the formation of products of induced homolysis of the dioxirane by carbon-centered radicals (CH4, CH3OH, CH3COOCH3, ROCOCH3, CH3COOCH2COCH3), strongly supports a radical mechanism. With alkenes and iodo derivatives the induced homolysis would lead to diradical intermediates, whose very fast fragmentation would prevent detection, but circumstantial evidence supports a radical mechanism.

Topic: Organic Chemistry Cycloaddition Reactions
Subfield: Organic Chemistry
Field: Chemistry
Domain: Physical Sciences
Different Modes of Cell Death Induced by DNA Damage

The consequences of DNA damage depend on the cell type and the severity of damage. Mild DNA damage can be repaired with or without cell cycle arrest. More severe and irreparable DNA damage leads to the appearance of cells that carry mutations, or causes a shift towards induction of the senescence or cell death programme. Although for many years it was argued that DNA damage kills cells via apoptosis or necrosis, technical and methodological progress during the last few years has helped reveal that DNA damage might also activate death by autophagy or mitotic catastrophe, which may then be followed by apoptosis or necrosis. The molecular basis underlying the decision-making process is currently the subject of intense investigation. Here we review current knowledge about the response to DNA damage and subsequent signalling, with particular attention to cell death induction and the molecular switches between different cell death modalities following damage.

Topic: Cell death mechanisms and regulation
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
On supervised density estimation techniques and their application to spatial data mining

The basic idea of traditional density estimation is to model the overall point density analytically as the sum of influence functions of data points. However, traditional density estimation techniques only consider the location of a point. Supervised density estimation techniques, on the other hand, additionally consider a variable of interest that is associated with a point. Density in supervised density estimation is measured as the product of an influence function with the variable of interest. Based on this novel idea, a supervised density-based clustering named SCDE is introduced and discussed in detail. The SCDE algorithm forms clusters by associating data points with supervised density attractors which represent maxima and minima of a supervised density function.

Topic: Remote Sensing and Land Use
Subfield: Atmospheric Science
Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences
Domain: Physical Sciences
Selection for <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> small-colony variants due to growth in the presence of <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>

Opportunistic infections are often polymicrobial. Two of the most important bacterial opportunistic pathogens of humans, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus , frequently are coisolated from infections of catheters, endotracheal tubes, skin, eyes, and the respiratory tract, including the airways of people with cystic fibrosis (CF). Here, we show that suppression of S. aureus respiration by a P. aeruginosa exoproduct, 4-hydroxy-2-heptylquinoline- N -oxide (HQNO), protects S. aureus during coculture from killing by commonly used aminoglycoside antibiotics such as tobramycin. Furthermore, prolonged growth of S. aureus with either P. aeruginosa or with physiological concentrations of pure HQNO selects for typical S. aureus small-colony variants (SCVs), well known for stable aminoglycoside resistance and persistence in chronic infections, including those found in CF. We detected HQNO in the sputum of CF patients infected with P. aeruginosa , but not in uninfected patients, suggesting that this HQNO-mediated interspecies interaction occurs in CF airways. Thus, in all coinfections with P. aeruginosa , S. aureus may be underappreciated as a pathogen because of the formation of antibiotic-resistant and difficult to detect small-colony variants. Interspecies microbial interactions, analogous to those mediated by HQNO, commonly may alter not only the course of disease and the response to therapy, but also the population structure of bacterial communities that promote the health of host animals, plants, and ecosystems.

Topic: Cystic Fibrosis Research Advances
Subfield: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
THE NEW READER'S EYE-SCAN AND THE INTERMEDIAL PROCESSES / NAUJOJO SKAITYTOJO AKIS-SKAITYTUVAS IR INTERMEDIALŪS PROCESAI

Within the field of meaning (re)production, the newly fashioned media theories have been stemming from Marshall McLuhan's and Mikhail Bakhtin‘s “hybrids” and generating what we are presently experiencing as flexible theoretical phenomena, exposed to immediate change and constant altering, due to the overflow of media-related materialities. Orbiting the ancient concept of ekphrasis, this study aims to immerse the product resulted from the literary description of a work of art in the conceptual works-in-progress known as intermediality and remediation. The aspects directly addressed here are: what is the place of ekphrasis within the pertinence axis of intermediality? To what extent can the ekphrastic exercise be considered in terms of remediation? Throughout the study we will be making use of several excursions into the postmodern narrative with the intent to advocate for a reconsideration of the ekphrastic process and for the requirement of a new image-to-text mapping and its outcome in the digital age. Santrauka Reikšmės (re)produkcijų lauke naujamadės medijų teorijos, kilusios iš Marshallo McLuhano ir Michailo Bachtino „hibridų“, lemia tai, ką nūdien patiriame kaip lanksčius teorinius fenomenus, atvirus staigiems pokyčiams ir nuolatinėms permainoms, esant medijų skleidžiamos informacijos perviršiui. Šis tyrimas, telkiamas apie senąjį ekphrasis konceptą, siekia įtraukti meno kūrinio literatūrinio aprašymo rezultatus į konceptualų procesualumą, dar vadinamą intermedialumu ir remediacija. Čia tiesiogiai aptariami šie aspektai: kokia ekphrasis vieta tikėtinoje intermedialumo ašyje? Kokiame kontekste ekfratinė praktika gali būti svarstoma remediacijos terminais? Tyrime padarysime keletą ekskursų į postmodernųjį naratyvą, siekdami persvarstyti ekfratinį procesą, naująjį teksto vertimo vaizdu reikalavimą ir jo rezultatus skaitmeniniame amžiuje.

Topic: Visual Culture and Art Theory
Subfield: Visual Arts and Performing Arts
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
DOES INFLATION MATTER FOR SECTORAL GROWTH IN PAKISTAN? An Empirical Analysis

The present study makes vigorous attempt to analyze empirically the impact of inflation on sectoral growth of Pakistan. Three major sectors (i.e. agriculture, manufacturing and services) have been selected for analysis and study employed annual time series data started from year 1972 to 2010. It is found that impact of inflation on sectoral output differs substantially according to the nature of the sector. Prevailing inflation is harmful to the manufacturing sector growth; whereas, the effect of inflation on services sector growth is in sharp contrast with the manufacturing sector growth results. The statistically significant positive impact of inflation was found to encourage the services sector growth. It is observed that inflation and agriculture sector growth is positively and significantly related. It is suggested to restrict the inflation in a single-digit zone; so that it may put forth its positive impact on sectoral growth. Moreover, it is also concluded that the very low level of inflation in the economy may not be beneficial to the growth of agriculture and services sectors in Pakistan.

Topic: Monetary Policy and Economic Impact
Subfield: General Economics, Econometrics and Finance
Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance
Domain: Social Sciences
Does Pregnancy Alter the Systemic Toxicity of Local Anesthetics?

Sheep studies have suggested that pregnancy may produce a greater sensitivity to the toxic effects of bupivacaine by reducing the total dose and the plasma levels required to produce cardiovascular collapse. The current study was designed to expand these observations to other amide local anesthetics.

Topic: Anesthesia and Pain Management
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
INVESTIGATION OF THE RELATIONSHIP BE-TWEEN PSYCHOLOGICAL FACTORS AND POST-OPERATIVE PAIN

<strong>Introduction:</strong> The preoperative factors that have been studied for their relationship with postoperative pain are the demographic, general and clinical characteristics of the patients, data related to the surgery but also mental health factors.<strong>Purpose:</strong> The purpose of this literature review was to explore the relationship between psychological factors of anxiety and depression, with postoperative pain, the first postoperative day.<strong>Methodology:</strong> Research articles about the psychological factors of anxiety and depression were researched as preoperative factors influencing postoperative pain and then a secondary search was performed about the effect of these factors in the pain of the first postoperative day (early postoperative pain). The search was performed in the international databases PubMed, Scopus and Google Scholar, using keywords that served the purpose of the literature review.<strong>Results:</strong> Several studies were found that correlated anxiety and depression with postoperative pain but there were few studies that correlated these factors with pain on the first postoperative day. Most of the correlations were positive, with the researchers agreeing about the need for preoperative assessment and treatment of patients' mental health prior to surgery that would contribute to more effective postoperative analgesia and hospitalization of surgery patients.<strong>Conclusions:</strong> Anxiety and depression have a significant effect on the pain experience of the first postoperative day, but additional research is needed to draw conclusions and compare the results, using the same methodology for pain recording times and mental health data collection tools and also postoperative pain questionnaires.

Topic: Music Therapy and Health
Subfield: Social Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences