jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
A step-by-step modeling technique using a generalized adaptive IIR delay filter

A new modeling technique using adaptive IIR delay filters is presented. In each step of the adaptation process a significant delay parameter of the unknown system is estimated and a new parallel section which is comprised of one, two or four adaptive parameters is added to the previous sections. The number of the coefficients in each step is computed adaptively using a procedure that leads also to an improved initialization of these coefficients which are then adapted via the recursive Gauss-Newton algorithm. Computer simulation results are presented to illustrate the robust convergence properties of the proposed adaptive technique, particularly in modeling unknown systems with impulse responses that include sparse blocks, e.g., a multiple echo path. Because of the parallel and, at most, two-pole structure of the filter sections the stability monitoring requires essentially no computations and the gradient complexity in each adaptive step will be less than that of the parallel realization of adaptive IIR filters.

Topic: Advanced Adaptive Filtering Techniques
Subfield: Computational Mechanics
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Giant nonlinear emission in semiconductor microcavities

Summary form only given. In the late 1990s, the optical properties of microcavities containing semiconductor quantum wells have been the subject of detailed investigations. In the strong coupling regime that appears when the coupling frequency between the exciton and the cavity exceeds the decay rates of the exciton and of the photons in the cavity, the eigenstates of the system, the polariton modes, yield a doublet in the reflection or transmission spectrum of the system. We present new experimental results obtained under very weak laser excitation in an exciton-exciton scattering.

Topic: Strong Light-Matter Interactions
Subfield: Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Comparison of the Membrane\nProteome of Virulent &lt;i&gt;Mycobacterium tuberculosis&lt;/i&gt; and\nthe Attenuated &lt;i&gt;Mycobacterium\nbovis&lt;/i&gt; BCG Vaccine Strain by Label-Free Quantitative Proteomics

The &lt;i&gt;Mycobacterium tuberculosis&lt;/i&gt; membrane is rich\nin antigens that are potential targets for diagnostics and the development\nof new vaccines. To better understand the mechanisms underlying MTB\nvirulence and identify new targets for therapeutic intervention, we\ninvestigated the differential composition of membrane proteomes between\nvirulent &lt;i&gt;M. tuberculosis&lt;/i&gt; H37Rv (MTB) and the &lt;i&gt;Mycobacterium bovis&lt;/i&gt; BCG vaccine strain. To compare the membrane\nproteomes, we used LC–MS/MS analysis in combination with label-free\nquantitative proteomics, utilizing the area under the curve of the\nextracted ion chromatograms of peptides obtained from &lt;i&gt;m&lt;/i&gt;/&lt;i&gt;z&lt;/i&gt; and retention time alignment of MS1 features.\nWith this approach, we obtained relative abundance ratios for 2203\nidentified membrane-associated proteins in high confidence. Of these\nproteins, 294 showed statistically significant differences of at least\ntwo fold in relative abundance between MTB and BCG membrane fractions.\nOur comparative analysis detected several proteins associated with\nknown genomic regions of difference between MTB and BCG as being absent,\nwhich validated the accuracy of our approach. In further support of\nour label-free quantitative data, we verified select protein differences\nby immunoblotting. To our knowledge, we have generated the first comprehensive\nand high-coverage profile of comparative membrane proteome changes\nbetween virulent MTB and its attenuated relative BCG, which helps\nelucidate the proteomic basis of the intrinsic virulence of the MTB\npathogen.

Topic: Pelvic floor disorders treatments
Subfield: Rheumatology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Differentiation of Typhoid and Paratyphoid A and B Bacilli by A Dextrin-Inosite Medium

Differentiation of Typhoid and Paratyphoid A and B Bacilli by A Dextrin-Inosite Medium Get access Florence Hulton-Frankel Florence Hulton-Frankel From the Harriman Laboratory, Roosevelt Hospital,New York Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 23, Issue 3, September 1918, Pages 380–381, https://doi.org/10.1086/infdis/23.3.380 Published: 01 September 1918 Article history Received: 06 May 1918 Published: 01 September 1918

Topic: Salmonella and Campylobacter epidemiology
Subfield: Food Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Evaluating optical spectral matching of phosphor-photodetector combinations

Phosphor materials are used in medical X-ray imaging combined with various photodetectors suitable for conventional and digital radiography and fluoroscopy. A prerequisite for these combinations is good optical spectral matching, which results in patient dose minimization. In the present work, a recently introduced factor, named OGTE, which accounts for optical gain signal-to-noise ratio transfer efficiency, is utilized for the evaluation of various phosphor-photodetector combinations. The optical photon spectrum of the phosphor materials studied was either determined experimentally, or obtained from literature. These phosphors were examined in conjunction with various photodetectors, which may be suitable for digital imaging. The corresponding optical response functions of the photodetectors were obtained from literature. It was found that there are numerous combinations exhibiting OGTE values above 0.80, which contribute to patient dose minimization.

Topic: Radiation Detection and Scintillator Technologies
Subfield: Radiation
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Abstract: Tectonic significance of the Late Ordovician McGillivray Brook Formation, northern Antigonish Highlands, Nova Scotia

Ordovician rocks of the Avalon terrane were deposited during a crucial interval during the formation of the Appalachian orogen. Continental reconstructions indicate that Avalonia was a microcontinent during most of the Ordovician, having separated from the northern Gondwana by the Early Ordovician during the formation of the Rheic Ocean. Avalonia’s time as a microcontinent was terminated by its collision with Baltica in the Early Silurian and with Laurentia by the end of the Silurian. Until recently, volcanic rocks (Dunn Point and McGillivray Brook formations) immediately underlying the Early SilurianEarly Devonian Arisaig Group were thought to represent crustal extension that heralded the development of the basin into which the siliciclastic strata of the Arisaig Group were deposited. However, recent U-Pb (zircon, TIMS) data from rhyolite in the Dunn Point Formation yielded an age of 460.0 ± 3.4 Ma (Hamilton and Murphy, 2004) and here we report a concordant age of 454.5 ± 0.7 Ma for an ignimbrite in the overlying McGillivray Brook Formation. These data confirm a ca. 10 million year age gap between volcanism and onset of Arisaig Group deposition which occurred after accretion of Avalonia to Baltica. McGillivray Brook Formation felsic rocks resemble A-type SiO2-rich magmas, and have very high concentrations of Zr (745 to 1965 ppm), Y (65 to 213 ppm), Nb (57 to 185 ppm), and high Ga/Al ratio. They were probably erupted in a local extensional environment. Regional considerations, however, suggest that this extensional environment occurred within an ensialic arc, analogous to the modern Taupo Volcanic Zone in northern New Zealand.

Topic: Geological and Geochemical Analysis
Subfield: Geophysics
Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences
Domain: Physical Sciences
Ultrasonic temperature measurements with fiber optic system

Ultrasonic temperature measurements have been developed and widely applied in non-contact temperature tests in many industries. However, using optical fibers to build ultrasound generators are novel. This paper reports this new fiber optic ultrasonic system based on the generator of gold nanoparticles/polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) composites. The optical acoustic system was designed to test the change of temperature on the aluminum plate and the temperature of the torch in the air. This paper explores the relationship between the ultrasonic transmission and the change of temperature. From the experimental results, the trend of ultrasonic speed was different in the aluminum plate and air with the change of temperature. Since the system can measure the average temperature of the transmission path, it will have significant influence on simulating the temperature distribution.

Topic: Advanced Fiber Optic Sensors
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Assessing Intervention Effects in a Randomized Trial Within a Social Network

Abstract Studies of social networks provide unique opportunities to assess the causal effects of interventions that may impact more of the population than just those intervened on directly. Such effects are sometimes called peer or spillover effects, and may exist in the presence of interference, that is, when one individual's treatment affects another individual's outcome. Randomization-based inference (RI) methods provide a theoretical basis for causal inference in randomized studies, even in the presence of interference. In this article, we consider RI of the intervention effect in the eX-FLU trial, a randomized study designed to assess the effect of a social distancing intervention on influenza-like-illness transmission in a connected network of college students. The approach considered enables inference about the effect of the social distancing intervention on the per-contact probability of influenza-like-illness transmission in the observed network. The methods allow for interference between connected individuals and for heterogeneous treatment effects. The proposed methods are evaluated empirically via simulation studies, and then applied to data from the eX-FLU trial.

Topic: Advanced Causal Inference Techniques
Subfield: Statistics and Probability
Field: Mathematics
Domain: Physical Sciences
Hyperspectral Imaging of Cuttlefish Camouflage Indicates Good Color Match in the Eyes of Fish Predators

Camouflage is a widespread phenomenon throughout nature and an important anti-predator tactic in natural selection.Many visual predators have keen color perception, thus camouflage patterns should provide some degree of color matching in addition to other visual factors such as pattern, contrast, and texture.Quantifying camouflage effectiveness in the eyes of the predator is a challenge from the perspectives of both biology and optical imaging technology.Here we take advantage of Hyperspectral Imaging (HSI), which records full-spectrum light data, to simultaneously visualize color match and pattern match in the spectral and the spatial domains, respectively.Cuttlefish can dynamically camouflage themselves on any natural substrate and, despite their colorblindness, produce body patterns that appear to have high-fidelity color matches to the substrate when viewed directly by humans or with RGB images.Live camouflaged cuttlefish on natural backgrounds were imaged using HSI, and subsequent spectral analysis revealed that most reflectance spectra of individual cuttlefish and substrates were similar, rendering the color match possible.Modeling color vision of potential di-and tri-chromatic fish predators of cuttlefish corroborated the spectral match analysis and demonstrated that camouflaged cuttlefish show good color match as well as pattern match in the eyes of fish predators.These findings (i) indicate the strong potential of HSI technology to enhance studies of biological coloration, and (ii) provide supporting evidence that cuttlefish can produce color-coordinated camouflage on natural substrates despite lacking color vision.

Topic: Cephalopods and Marine Biology
Subfield: Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Two-Level Orthogonal Screening Designs With 24, 28, 32, and 36 Runs

The potential of two-level orthogonal designs to fit models with main effects and two-factor interaction effects is commonly assessed through the correlation between contrast vectors involving these effects. We study the complete catalog of nonisomorphic orthogonal two-level 24-run designs involving 3–23 factors and we identify the best few designs in terms of these correlations. By modifying an existing enumeration algorithm, we identify the best few 28-run designs involving 3–14 factors and the best few 36-run designs in 3–18 factors as well. Based on a complete catalog of 7570 designs with 28 runs and 27 factors, we also seek good 28-run designs with more than 14 factors. Finally, starting from a unique 31-factor design in 32 runs that minimizes the maximum correlation among the contrast vectors for main effects and two-factor interactions, we obtain 32-run designs that have low values for this correlation. To demonstrate the added value of our work, we provide a detailed comparison of our designs to the alternatives available in the literature. Supplementary materials for this article are available online.

Topic: Optimal Experimental Design Methods
Subfield: Management Science and Operations Research
Field: Decision Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
A rigorous UTD analysis of electromagnetic scattering from tapered resistive-loaded conducting strips

The authors investigate a more accurate UTD (uniform theory of diffraction) solution to scattering from tapered resistive-loaded conducting strips using a rigorous formulation introduced by R.G. Rojas (1988) and H.C. Ly (1989). The resistive tapers are quantized into lambda /10 long discrete resistive strips for the UTD calculations. Backscatter predictions using the UTD formulation compare well with the MM calculations and experimental measurements.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>

Topic: Electromagnetic Scattering and Analysis
Subfield: Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Framing Questions: Cynthia Ozick's 'Shots'

The philosophical (and stern) divide between the Hellenic and Hebraic, especially in relation to aesthetics and ethics, is what critics of Cynthia Ozick's fiction so often focus on. Yet I will argue that in her short story, ‘Shots’, Cynthia Ozick's passion for the Judaic collective memory and moral consciousness has created a character whose principal life's work, the production of visual images, rejects such a facile exiling of beauty and visual aesthetics to the realm of the pagan. For this protagonist, a photographer, see herself as a creator who is not only not a mere maker of idols, a trafficker in vanity, but is rather a seeker, a critical eye, a woman attempting to understand the world both ethically and aesthetically through the interpretation of what she finds in her viewfinder.

Topic: Religious Studies and Spiritual Practices
Subfield: Philosophy
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Islamisasi dan Syariatisasi Samudera-Pasai Abad ke-14 Masehi

&lt;p&gt;This article discusses the process of Islamization and shariahization in Samudera Pasai. Pasai was the first region to be islamized by those who spread Islam from Arabian peninsula. From this region Islam spread throughout Nusantara. Pasai played an important role in Islamizing Nusantara. Based on local and foreign sources as well as the historiography of Pasai, this article tries to elaborate the process of Islamization of Samudera Pasai comprehensively. In terms of shariahization, it is meant as an endeavor to implement Islamic law which was initially identical with Islamization. Based on Ibn Batûtah, a Moroccon traveller, who visited Pasai, it is apparent that some aspects of Islamic law had been implemented and constituted as an integral part of societal and political life in this Muslim kingdom. This article shows that Islamic law had been practiced from the beginning as it went hand in hand with the process of Islamization.&lt;/p&gt;

Topic: Islamic Finance and Communication
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Appraisal of safety practices in agro‐allied industries in south‐western Nigeria

Purpose – This paper aims to investigate the safety practices in some selected agro‐allied industries in south‐western Nigeria with a view to analysing the degree of safety awareness; adequacy of safety equipment; extent of enforcing safety rules; effectiveness of safety‐related activities and economics of safety programme.

Topic: Insurance and Financial Risk Management
Subfield: Economics and Econometrics
Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance
Domain: Social Sciences
Intestinal Obstruction

Partial or complete bowel obstruction is a common indicator for intestinal surgery in small animals. Most frequently, single or multiple foreign bodies cause the obstruction. Partial or complete bowel obstruction is a common indicator for intestinal surgery in small animals. Most frequently, single or multiple foreign bodies cause the obstruction. Intussusception and neoplastic conditions can also occur. A partial or complete small intestine obstruction may be in a "high" (duodenum, proximal jejunum) or "low" (distal jejunum, ileum) location. Signs of obstruction are variable and include vomiting, depression, anorexia, and dehydration. Weight loss and bloody diarrhea or obstipation (colonic obstruction) are also clinical findings. Abdominal palpation can reveal pain/discomfort and abnormal intestinal contents, bowel loops, or bowel masses. Surgical relief of the obstruction, including intestinal resection and anastomosis, is required for most patients. Unattached linear and small objects may pass uneventfully through the gastrointestinal tract.

Topic: Intestinal and Peritoneal Adhesions
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Accident Characteristics and Countermeasures of Psychiatric Patients in Open and Semi-open Wards

Objective:To exprore the accident characteristics of patients with psychoses in open and semi-open ward,Analyze the reasons,and proposes countermeasures to ensure patients safety.Methods:235 accidents datas of hospitalized psychiatric patients were retrospective investigated and nalysied in open and semi-open psychiatric ward from January 2008 to December 2009.Results: Open wards was in high incidence of elopement and low incidence of destroy property.Semi-open wards was in high incidence of injuries,low incidence of elopement.Open wards accidents was significantly lower than semi-open wards(p 0.01).Conclusions: Improving the ward environment,the implementation of nurse-level management,establishing nursing evaluation mechanism and improving ward management details can prevent and reduce the occurrence of accidents.

Topic: Pharmacy and Medical Practices
Subfield: Pharmacology
Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics
Domain: Life Sciences
Solution of a sum form equation in the two dimensional closed domain case

In this note we give the solution of the sum form functional equation n∑ i=1 j=1 m∑ f(pi • qj) = n ∑ m∑ f(pi) f(qj) arising in information theory (in characterization of so-called entropy of degree α), where f: [0, 1] 2 → R is an unknown function and the equation holds for all two dimensional complete probability distributions. Key Words: Sum form equation, additive function, multiplicative function. AMS Classification Number: 39B22 i=1 j=1 1.

Topic: Functional Equations Stability Results
Subfield: Applied Mathematics
Field: Mathematics
Domain: Physical Sciences
History of the Science of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation

Through much of recorded history, resuscitation was forbidden. Although written accounts of resuscitation can be found, it is clear that successful reversal of death was thought to have been performed directly by God or through appointed agents. For example, stories of resuscitation in the Bible involve prophets acting clearly as vessels through which God's power restores life (,). In these and other resuscitation accounts, reversal of death was considered the province of God and not something mere mortals should undertake. This "prohibition" against resuscitation was challenged during the Enlightenment, an amazing period of scientific discovery. Starting around 1750, scientists and philosophers questioned the dogma of the past and came to believe that humans could understand and control their own destinies. They wished to discover the workings of the universe as well as the ticking of life itself. To speak of the science of resuscitation one must begin where science begins. And there is no more crucial ingredient to science than the scientific method—a key achievement of the Enlightenment. The intellectual giants of the Enlightenment claimed that the world could best be understood through scientific discovery, and the means to achieve this was the scientific method.

Topic: Cardiac Arrest and Resuscitation
Subfield: Emergency Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Examining India’s Journey Towards Specialized IP Jurisdictions– Charting A Trail From Comparative Law And History

The following paper explores the 'promise to practice 'dilemma of specialized IP jurisdictions in India.The Focus is on the IP division bench of the Delhi High Court ('IPD') and the abolished Intellectual Property Appellate Board ('IPAB').The paper explores whether the failure of the IPAB has been remedied by the subsequent establishment of the IPD, and analyzes the satisfactoriness of the existing dispute resolution regime.As 'failure' and 'success' are relative terms, the paper explores this within the metrices of vacancies, disposals, expert involvement, subject matter competency, and whether these bodies have ultimately fulfilled their intended object.Furthermore, our focus here is almost exclusively on patents, and patent adjudication.Not only does this narrow down the scope of the paper, but using patents showcases a stronger reasoning for why IP matters require specialized adjudication in the first place.

Topic: International Arbitration and Investment Law
Subfield: Strategy and Management
Field: Business, Management and Accounting
Domain: Social Sciences
"both nourished at my grandmother's breast": Eating, Feeding, and the Subverted Female Ideal in Jacobs' Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl

This essay analyzes the relationship between Harriet Jacobs’ representations of womanhood in Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl and the domestic ideal which promoted a woman’s role as nurturer and nourisher. The main female characters in the text, particularly Mrs. Flint, Aunt Martha, and Linda Brent, highlight the distorted nature of womanhood in the context of slavery and point to the subversion and perversion of the nineteenth-century ideals associated with True Womanhood. Each element of the ideal—piety, purity, submissiveness, and domesticity—is, at first glance, seemingly upheld by these women, but a closer analysis of their actions, circumstances, and especially their interactions with food, reveal the inherent problems in their attempts to embody True Womanhood. Moreover, the acts of feeding and eating, and the instances in which these acts of consumption are distorted in the narrative, play a major role in the overall perversion of both the True Womanhood paradigm and the Cult of Domesticity, and render the concepts themselves paradoxical.

Topic: Race, History, and American Society
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences