jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
We are in the transformational age of chemistry

The evolution of the chemical sciences, and more broadly, science and technology, has been marked by ages: the Stone Age, the Iron Age, the Bronze Age, and there have been many references to different Gold or Golden Ages occurring at different points between the 8th century and today. The chemical sciences have evolved substantially over the ages and recent advances promise to accelerate discovery and innovation rapidly. Industry advances equip us better to take on global challenges such as the United Nations sustainable development goals and address fundamental questions in the chemical sciences, leading to new, even unimagined discoveries and products. We have entered a transformational age for chemistry. When I look at the exciting possibilities ahead, I am concerned about how we will gain the chemical workforce needed for the future. All of us will need to engage to ensure the chemical sciences have the talent and skills they

Topic: Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
Subfield: Environmental Chemistry
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Location Verification Systems Under Spatially Correlated Shadowing

The verification of the location information utilized in wireless communication networks is a subject of growing importance. In this work we formally analyze, for the first time, the performance of a wireless Location Verification System (LVS) under the realistic setting of spatially correlated shadowing. Our analysis illustrates that anticipated levels of correlated shadowing can lead to a dramatic performance improvement of a Received Signal Strength (RSS)-based LVS. We also analyze the performance of an LVS that utilizes Differential Received Signal Strength (DRSS), formally proving the rather counter-intuitive result that a DRSS-based LVS has identical performance to that of an RSS-based LVS, for all levels of correlated shadowing. Even more surprisingly, the identical performance of RSS and DRSS-based LVSs is found to hold even when the adversary does not optimize his true location. Only in the case where the adversary does not optimize all variables under her control, do we find the performance of an RSS-based LVS to be better than a DRSS-based LVS. The results reported here are important for a wide range of emerging wireless communication applications whose proper functioning depends on the authenticity of the location information reported by a transceiver.

Topic: Molecular Biology Techniques and Applications
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Mycorrhizal and Rhizobial Colonization of Genetically Modified and Conventional Soybeans

ABSTRACT We grew plants of nine soybean varieties, six of which were genetically modified to express transgenic cp4-epsps , in the presence of Bradyrhizobium japonicum and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Mycorrhizal colonization and nodule abundance and mass differed among soybean varieties; however, in no case was variation significantly associated with the genetic modification.

Topic: Legume Nitrogen Fixing Symbiosis
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Bayesian Prediction of Incontinence among Older Women Using an Experimental Design Template

In this study, a Bayesian predictor of urinary incontinence (UI) is devised for screening older women. Risk factors identified from an epidemiological survey data as significant for UI, are utilized. The proposed Bayesian method combines an experimental design template with relevant information to construct a predictive index in terms of posterior probabilities. The computations are carried out on a longitudinal data called the Medical, Epidemiological and Social Aspects of Aging (MESA). The index is applied to the baseline and follow-up portions of the MESA data. The results show that, the percentage of the absolute relative change between the prior and posterior probabilities can be used as a decision tool to make conclusions on credibility of the class labels on continence and incontinence. The proposed index can be applied for immediate screening and for predicting future urinary incontinence in older women of comparable demographics as those presented in the MESA data.

Topic: Pelvic floor disorders treatments
Subfield: Rheumatology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Verbal Noun Formation in Mehri

Verbal Nouns are a basic category of the nominal systems of many Semitic languages. In the case of the Modern South Arabian languages, little research has been conducted, and most previous studies do not or only very briefly mention verbal nouns. This paper attempts to partially close this gap by presenting a descriptive account of verbal noun formation in Mehri, on the basis of the data in previous glossaries, dictionaries and text collections. In addition, sporadic data from other MSAL, mainly Jibbali and Soqotri will be incorporated, and references to verbal noun formation in other Semitic languages will be given. Furthermore, the published accounts should be ideally supplemented by own fieldwork. After a basic introduction to the subject, the main part of the study concerns the most prominently attested VN patterns across various stems. While for the G-stems only broad tendencies can be postulated, it shall be shown that in the case of the derived stems, VN formation adheres to regular principles, not unknown from other Semitic languages, such as the Maṣdar forms of derived stems in Arabic. The third part of the paper will be dedicated to the discussion of remaining problems, such as the vowel quality of the suffix of the verbal nouns of many derived stems. Thus, this paper shall not just contribute to the study and description of Mehri, but also provide a stepping stone for the description of verbal nouns in other Modern South Arabian languages.

Topic: Language, Linguistics, Cultural Analysis
Subfield: Language and Linguistics
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Identification of Optical Transitions in Colloidal CdSe Nanotetrapods

Though many different results associated with the optical properties of semiconductor nanotetrapods were reported, the relation between the spectral characteristics and change in energy offsets across core/arm interfaces of tetrapods has not been clarified yet. Particularly, the origin of an emission peaked at the high-energy region is still an issue of debate. To get more insight into these topical problems, we have studied systematically the optical properties of CdSe tetrapods synthesized with various precursor concentrations. Absorption and emission transitions in CdSe tetrapods were identified by means of their spectroscopic characteristics. We have identified the high-energy emission peak originating from spatially direct recombination of photogenerated carriers, which are located in the core of tetrapods. The relative-intensity increase of this emission is mainly related to an increase in the potential barrier for electrons and to a decrease in the potential barrier for holes. The differences in spectroscopic characteristics of CdSe tetrapods have also been further discussed in relation to their shape evolution in the one-pot synthesis.

Topic: Quantum Dots Synthesis And Properties
Subfield: Materials Chemistry
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
The Relationship Between Ureterovesical Reflux and Infection

No AccessJournal of Urology1 Nov 1962The Relationship Between Ureterovesical Reflux and Infection Robert D. Jeffs, and Michael S. Allen Robert D. JeffsRobert D. Jeffs More articles by this author , and Michael S. AllenMichael S. Allen More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(17)64868-7AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail © 1962 by The American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsCited ByHammar E and Helin I (2018) Microanatomy of the Intravesical Ureter in Children with and Without RefluxJournal of Urology, VOL. 117, NO. 3, (353-354), Online publication date: 1-Mar-1977.Uy G, Khan A and Evans H (2018) Vesicoureteral Reflux Complicating Sterile Hemorrhagic Cystitis: A Case ReportJournal of Urology, VOL. 115, NO. 5, (612-612), Online publication date: 1-May-1976.Gregory J, Wein A, Sansone T and Murphy J (2018) Bladder Resistance to InfectionJournal of Urology, VOL. 105, NO. 2, (220-222), Online publication date: 1-Feb-1971.Landes R, Melnick I, Hoffman A, Fletcher A and Klein R (2018) Reflux Before and After Prostatic Surgery: An Evaluation of Non-Obstructive Etiologic FactorsJournal of Urology, VOL. 101, NO. 1, (98-100), Online publication date: 1-Jan-1969.Kaveggia L, King L, Grana L and Idriss F (2018) Pyelonephritis: A Cause of Vesicoureteral Reflux?Journal of Urology, VOL. 95, NO. 2, (158-163), Online publication date: 1-Feb-1966.Sommer J and Roberts J (2018) Ureteral Reflux Resulting from Chronic Urinary Infection in Dogs: Long-Term StudiesJournal of Urology, VOL. 95, NO. 4, (502-510), Online publication date: 1-Apr-1966.Ross G and Thompson I (2018) The Relationship of Non-obstructive Reflux and Chronic Pyelonephritis: An Experiaiental StudyJournal of Urology, VOL. 90, NO. 4, (391-394), Online publication date: 1-Oct-1963. Volume 88Issue 5November 1962Page: 691-695 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 1962 by The American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information Robert D. Jeffs More articles by this author Michael S. Allen More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF DownloadLoading ...

Topic: Pediatric Urology and Nephrology Studies
Subfield: Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
An Analysis of Spatiotemporal Evolution and Influencing Factors of Urban Resilience: A Case Study of Liaoning Province, China

This study selects Liaoning Province, China, as the research area and constructs a theoretical evaluation framework for urban resilience based on the five dimensions: ecological, economic, social, infrastructural, and institutional. It examines the spatiotemporal evolution characteristics and identifies obstacle factors of urban resilience in Liaoning Province from 2011 to 2022, utilizing the optimal parameter-based geographical detector (OPGD) model to analyze its primary driving factors and interactions. The results show that from 2011 to 2022, urban resilience exhibited a fluctuating upward trend, rising from 0.182 in 2011 to 0.288 in 2022, while the disparity among prefecture-level cities has diminished. Spatially, the urban resilience in Liaoning Province tends to be higher in the northern region and lower in the southern region. In the east–west direction, it shows higher levels in the eastern region and lower levels in the western region during the early stage of the study period, followed by an inverted “U”-shaped evolutionary trend by the end of the study period. The obstacle degree to urban resilience development in Liaoning Province intensified from 2011 to 2022. Improving urban resilience in Liaoning Province in the future requires a focus on improving and enhancing the economic and institutional resilience subsystems. The year-end deposit balance of financial institutions is the dominant driving factor of urban resilience. This study offers theoretical support and practical guidance for future urban spatial planning and sustainable development.

Topic: Regional resilience and development
Subfield: Economics and Econometrics
Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance
Domain: Social Sciences
The French Public Welfare System the Sécu in a Minor Key. The Outlook of the Press Immediately after the War

The birth of French social security after the liberation of France gave rise to relatively little coverage in the written press given the upheaval the institution brought about and the major role it played socially. It was furthermore the subject, in the opinion press in particular, of an attempt to monopolize the service to defend vested interests and ideological choices. Such a lack of coverage and instrumentalisation explain its difficulty to cover a social problem with which the public could get to grips and take ownership.

Topic: French Historical and Cultural Studies
Subfield: History
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
[The diagnostic significance of rheumatoid factors in patients with early rheumatoid arthritis].

The early phase of rheumatoid arthritis has attracted increasing attention due to the concern with prognosis of the disease. In this study IgM rheumatoid factor (RF) and IgA immunoglobulin were measured twice a year in 96 patients. Their joint damage was assessed yearly with radiographic examination. Radiological abnormalities detected included osteoporosis, bone erosion and joint space narrowing. The patients were followed up for three years. The changes of joint damage might be of three types: worsening, nonchange and improvement. A significant correlation between the levels of IgM RF and IgA immunoglobulin and disease activity was observed. A high level of IgM RF was prognostic for a more severe disease. One patient with 7 g/L IgA immunoglobulin exhibited considerable joint damage progression in a year, while 2 cases with minor IgA immunoglobulin showed remarkable improvement. These two parameters can be considered the important laboratory indicators for the early disease. The results may also be applied to guide second line antirheumatic drug therapy.

Topic: Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Research
Subfield: Rheumatology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Oxygen Loaded Nanodroplets as a Theranostic for High Risk Pregnancies Using Multimodal Ultrasound and Photoacoustic Imaging

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text M. Escott, D. Lawrence, J. Cook, and C. Bayer, "Oxygen Loaded Nanodroplets as a Theranostic for High Risk Pregnancies Using Multimodal Ultrasound and Photoacoustic Imaging," in Biophotonics Congress: Optics in the Life Sciences Congress 2019 (BODA,BRAIN,NTM,OMA,OMP), OSA Technical Digest (Optica Publishing Group, 2019), paper OT1D.5. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article

Topic: Photoacoustic and Ultrasonic Imaging
Subfield: Biomedical Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Census 2010 Demographic Profile: Marion County

This demographic profile describes characteristics of the local and state population based on results from the 2010 Census.\nThe decennial census is an official enumeration, or count, of all residents on April 1st of the census year. The results of the census provide us with information about basic demographic characteristics of the population, including age, race, ethnicity, household composition, housing occupancy, and housing tenure.

Topic: Census and Population Estimation
Subfield: Statistics and Probability
Field: Mathematics
Domain: Physical Sciences
Different Products, Different Processes: A Theory about Writing

Most people who have been working in composition theory in past ten years would probably agree that major change that has come about in profession in that time is exemplified by maxim, Focus on process, not on written It is part of new conventional wisdom of profession, and certainly for most of us a welcome change from an approach to teaching that depended primarily on analysis and imitation of written product. I want to suggest, however, that following our new maxim is not nearly as easy as one might think; nonfiction prose is not all alike and different kinds of are not done in same way. In other words, the process of writing should not be taken to mean same thing as the Almost certainly, there is more than one. It's been evident in profession for some time that major researchers and teachers in field cannot agree on what process is or should be. Those teachers who belong to what Lester Faigley and others call literary or romantic school of writing-for example, Donald Murray, Peter Elbow, and William Coles-believe that students are most likely to learn how to express what they know and feel if teacher focuses primarily on finding ways to stimulate students' inherent ability and need to write. (See Lester Faigley, Roger D. Cherry, David A. Jolliffe, and Anna R. Skinner, Assessing Writers' Knowledge and Processes of Composing [Norwood, NJ: Ablex Publishing Co., 19851, Chapter 1.) They think that writers discover their meaning by writing, and that, for most part, they cannot know what to write nor how to write it until they actually begin to write something. They would say that students do not really learn how to write; rather they come to an understanding of what it means to write by actually engaging in process. This school of teachers has little use for strategies or formulas or for Aristotelian approach that would divide process into stages of discovery, arrangement, and style.

Topic: Writing and Handwriting Education
Subfield: Education
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Molecular Medicine

Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), the major con-stituent of blood vessels, play an essential role in the regulation of blood pressure, blood vessel tone, and blood flow distribution. Unlike the terminally differentiated skeletal or cardiac myocytes, VSMCs retain remarkable phenotypic plasticity in response to a wide variety of stimuli. Although the plasticity is indispensible for normal vascular develop-ment, dysregulated irreversible change in VSMC phenotype is associated with a number of cardiovascular diseases, in-cluding atherosclerosis, aneurysm, and hypertension.1,2 The phenotypic modulation (or phenotypic switching) of VSMCs is a multifaceted process, and the underlying mechanisms remain incompletely defined. VSMCs express a repertoire of Ca2+-permeable ion channels, some of which have been implicated in phenotypic modulation of VSMCs. For in-stance, maintenance of the differentiated state of VSMCs re-

Topic: Nostalgia and Consumer Behavior
Subfield: Social Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Review of the Year's Publication for 2007: Social Justice Education

Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image size Notes 1. Adultism is distinguished from ageism in that adultism is associated with “behaviors and attitudes based on the assumption that adults are better than young people, and entitled to act upon young people without their agreement” (Bell, 2007 Bell, J. 2007. Understanding adultism A key to developing positive youth-adult relationships Retrieved August 5, 2008, from http://freechild.org/bell.htm [Google Scholar], P 2).

Topic: Social Work Education and Practice
Subfield: Public Administration
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
ChemInform Abstract: A New Synthesis of 4H‐Thiopyran‐4‐thiones from Acetylenic β‐ Diketones.

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.

Topic: Synthesis of Organic Compounds
Subfield: Pharmacology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Comment on: Davidson et al. High-Dose Vitamin D Supplementation in People With Prediabetes and Hypovitaminosis D. Diabetes Care 2013;36:260–266

We have read with interest the work by Davidson et al. (1) reporting in this journal that in a non-Caucasian population with impaired fasting glycemia or impaired glucose tolerance and low vitamin D levels, vitamin D supplementation had no effect on estimates of insulin secretion, insulin sensitivity, or incident diabetes.

Our research group started a similar study (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT01183442) in Caucasians with postchallenge hyperglycemia (i.e., 2-h glucose ≥140 mg/dL), vitamin D deficiency, and coronary artery disease. As in the study by Davidson et al. (1) we had to prescreen a high number of patients ( n = 1,814). Five …

Topic: Vitamin D Research Studies
Subfield: Pathology and Forensic Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Cross community study of mathematics anxiety between the high school students in Illinois USA and Jordan / Ruba Mohammad Miqdadi

The purpose ofthe study is to examine whether there are any significant differences in the mathematics anxiety levels between high school students in Jordan and their counterparts in the United States. Another purpose is
to examine whether there are gender differences related to mathematics anxiety among high school students ofboth communities. A total of 1,386 high school students in the United States and Jordan participated in main study. This study showed that Jordanian high school students exhibited
a significantly higher mathematics anxiety than United States high school students. Furthermore, the study revealed that female high schooLstudents in the United States acquired a significantly higher mathematics anxiety
level than males. Another finding of this study was that males in Jordan had a significantly higher leveL of mathematics anxiety than males in the United States. The findings and educational implications ofthe study are
discussed in light ofthe cultural difference between the two communities.

Topic: Education, Achievement, and Giftedness
Subfield: Experimental and Cognitive Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Dynamics and Calcium Association to the N-Terminal Regulatory Domain of Human Cardiac Troponin C: A Multiscale Computational Study

Troponin C (TnC) is an important regulatory molecule in cardiomyocytes. Calcium binding to site II in TnC initiates a series of molecular events that result in muscle contraction. The most direct change upon Ca(2+) binding is an opening motion of the molecule that exposes a hydrophobic patch on the surface allowing for Troponin I to bind. Molecular dynamics simulations were used to elucidate the dynamics of this crucial protein in three different states: apo, Ca(2+)-bound, and Ca(2+)-TnI-bound. Dynamics between the states are compared, and the Ca(2+)-bound system is investigated for opening motions. On the basis of the simulations, NMR chemical shifts and order parameters are calculated and compared with experimental observables. Agreement indicates that the simulations sample the relevant dynamics of the system. Brownian dynamics simulations are used to investigate the calcium association of TnC. We find that calcium binding gives rise to correlative motions involving the EF hand and collective motions conducive of formation of the TnI-binding interface. We furthermore indicate the essential role of electrostatic steering in facilitating diffusion-limited binding of Ca(2+).

Topic: Cardiomyopathy and Myosin Studies
Subfield: Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences