jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
[Refinement and study of the performance of a "Mycoplasma UG" kit for the research on urogenital Mycoplasmas].

The pathogenic role of genital Mycoplasmas is no more disputably. The diagnosis is based on the culture which may present some technical difficulties. The present study consist in a perfecting of a miniaturised system called "Mycoplasma UG" for the research, identification and titration of genital Mycoplasmas. The performance of the kit is studied with an important number of different types samples by comparison with the commercial kit "Mycoplasma Duo" and the classic reference method. The results obtained are satisfactory and constitute an important element in favour of a more advanced validation before the kit's trading.

Topic: Microbial infections and disease research
Subfield: Microbiology
Field: Immunology and Microbiology
Domain: Life Sciences
Restricted curvature in the Minkowski plane

A geometric proof for the following problem is given: Let E be the unit circle in a Minkowski plane.Let C be any continuously differentiable closed curve with length l(C) (measured in Minkowski metric).Assume |κ e (C,.)| kκ e (E,.) and κ e (E,.) denote Euclidean curvatures.Then C can be contained in a similar copy of the unit disk translated and magnified by a factor of l(C) 4 -1 4k (l(E) -4).

Topic: Point processes and geometric inequalities
Subfield: Applied Mathematics
Field: Mathematics
Domain: Physical Sciences
The relationship between hematologic malignancies on male hypogonadism: a scoping review

Abstract Introduction The associated symptoms of hypogonadism have been reported in patients with various types of cancer. However, the prevalence and significance of hypogonadism among certain hematologic malignancies have not been completely summarized in recent literature. Objective In this review we aimed to examine the current literature on hypogonadism in patients with hematologic malignancies, with emphasis on leukemias, lymphomas, and multiple myeloma (MM). Methods This review included relevant studies published before July 2023 that were retrieved through a search of PubMed using the keywords “hematologic cancer,” “hematologic malignancy,” blood cancer,” “leukemia,” “lymphoma,” “hypogonadism,” “multiple myeloma,” and “testosterone.” Results The search yielded 214 studies, of which 21 met the inclusion criteria. Commonly reported findings were that patients who had received hematopoietic stem cell therapy for acute lymphoblastic leukemia and acute myelogenous leukemia as children had laboratory-confirmed hypogonadism as adults. However, the impact of these diseases on hypogonadal symptoms was variable in these studies. Studies reporting on lymphoma and hypogonadism had mixed results, with some studies finding that the degree of cytotoxic chemotherapy was associated with hypogonadism, while others showed no correlation. Regardless, multiple studies found that hypogonadism secondary to lymphoma treatment and symptoms of hypogonadism had no apparent association. The most comprehensive assessment of the frequency of hypogonadism in an MM cohort found that 74% of 561 MM patients were classified as hypogonadal compared to 33% of patients in a control population. Testosterone supplementation was found to lower interleukin-6 levels, which could potentially help manage some of the adverse effects of MM, including decreased bone mineral density. Conclusion There is a relationship between hematologic malignancies and hypogonadism, which is likely multifactorial. In this review we established that the most plausible factors are related to the secondary effects of gonadotoxic treatments and/or systemic inflammatory responses to the diseases.

Topic: Hormonal and reproductive studies
Subfield: Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Donkey business: Trade, Resource Exploitation, and Crime

This paper examines the relationship between the institutionalization of a renewable resource market with poorly defined property rights and local crime rates. We focus on the regulation of the donkey hide trade in Brazil, driven by foreign demand for eijao, a Traditional Chinese Medicine product. Using a quasi-experimental research design, we leverage the timing of regulatory measures alongside spatial variations in donkey populations across Brazilian municipalities to provide causal evidence that the slaughtering of free-roaming donkeys led to an increase in crime and violence. We further explore the role of market illegality, finding that the impact on crime was twice as large during periods when the trade was illegal in Brazil. Our results carry important policy implications for developing countries grappling with resource booms and weak property rights. These findings emphasize the need for effective regulation, robust monitoring, and enforcement mechanisms to mitigate the social costs associated with natural resource exploitation.

Topic: Animal Disease Management and Epidemiology
Subfield: Agronomy and Crop Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
DIFFERENT PATTERNS OF CHROMOSPHERIC EVAPORATION IN A FLARING REGION OBSERVED WITH<i>HINODE</i>/EIS

We investigate the chromospheric evaporation in the flare of 2007 January 16\nusing line profiles observed by the EUV Imaging Spectrometer (EIS) onboard\nHinode. Three points at flare ribbons of different magnetic polarities are\nanalyzed in detail. We find that the three points show different patterns of\nupflows and downflows in the impulsive phase of the flare. The spectral lines\nat the first point are mostly blue shifted, with the hotter lines showing a\ndominant blue-shifted component over the stationary one. At the second point,\nhowever, only weak upflows are detected; in stead, notable downflows appear at\nhigh temperatures (up to 2.5-5.0 MK). The third point is similar to the second\none only that it shows evidence of multi-component downflows. While the\nevaporated plasma falling back down as warm rain is a possible cause of the\nredshifts at points 2 and 3, the different patterns of chromospheric\nevaporation at the three points imply existence of different heating mechanisms\nin the flaring active region.\n

Topic: Solar and Space Plasma Dynamics
Subfield: Astronomy and Astrophysics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
The effect of stoplights on traffic noise

A study was undertaken to determine how the noise level due to free-flowing traffic is affected by the insertion of a traffic light. Field measurements were taken at eight different traffic light locations, representing two configurations; that of two intersecting straight roads and tee junctions. A reference level, measured at a point where traffic noise was unaffected by the intersection, was used in conjunction with the NRC traffic noise prediction model to assess the change in noise level in the region about the traffic light.

Topic: Noise Effects and Management
Subfield: Speech and Hearing
Field: Health Professions
Domain: Health Sciences
Abstract 2919: Targeting regulatory T cells to boost immunity against melanoma

Abstract Tumor-infiltrated regulatory T-cells (Treg) restrict the function of effector T-cells and thereby promote tumor growth. Disrupting the immunosuppression of Treg cells presents an attractive strategy for cancer immunotherapy; However, the risk of autoimmunity, resulting from systemic Treg depletion, limits its therapeutic effectiveness. Here, we show that genetic depletion of Ube2n in Treg cells inhibits tumor growth which is correlated with a markedly enhanced infiltration of cytotoxic immune cells. Notably, the deletion of Ube2n in a fraction of Treg cells was sufficient to produce a long-lasting anti-tumor effect, without apparent systemic autoimmune responses. The antitumor effect persists following adoptive T-cell transfer to an otherwise immunodeficient mouse tumor model. Through flow cytometry, immunostaining and T-cell targeted single-cell sequencing analyses, we demonstrate that the loss of Ube2n dampens Treg suppressive function, as indicated by markedly increased numbers of cytotoxic CD8 T-cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Further, differentially expressed genes analyses show a downregulation of Mki67 and an upregulation of Ifng in Ube2n deficient Tregs, concomitant with amplification and activation of effector T-cells. Our findings uncover a hitherto unexplored role of Ube2n in orchestrating the differentiation and functions of Treg in TME, highlighting the therapeutic potential of targeting this pathway to enhance and reprogram anti-tumor immunity. Citation Format: Wanying Miao, Yingai J. Jin, Vaibhav Jain, Simon Gregory, Jennifer Y. Zhang. Targeting regulatory T cells to boost immunity against melanoma [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2024; Part 1 (Regular Abstracts); 2024 Apr 5-10; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(6_Suppl):Abstract nr 2919.

Topic: Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
Subfield: Immunology
Field: Immunology and Microbiology
Domain: Life Sciences
Primary malignant melanoma of maxillary gingiva--a case report and review of the literature.

Dentists may encounter pigmented lesions in routine clinical practice. In most cases, the lesions are asymptomatic and benign in nature; however, rarely, a pigmented lesion can be a sign of malignancy. We report a case of malignant melanoma of the maxillary gingiva to highlight the importance of biopsy and periodic follow-up of patients with unusual focal pigmented lesions in the oral cavity.

Topic: Cutaneous Melanoma Detection and Management
Subfield: Oncology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Assessment of chronic myeloid leukemia patients' adherence with “tyrosine kinase inhibitors” in King Abdulaziz Medical City

CONTEXT: Worldwide, chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) accounts for 15% of all leukemia types. CML treatment and outcome has improved dramatically from the average survival of 3–5 years in the past to almost normal life expectancy with the new targeted therapy with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI). Compliance of CML patients with oral TKIs is a medically challenging issue preventing achieving a favorable outcome. AIMS: The aim of this study is to assess CML patients' adherence to treatment in King Abdulaziz Medical City (KAMC). SUBJECTS AND METHODS: This is a prospective, observational study that includes all patients diagnosed with CML in KAMC-Riyadh (KAMC-R) where patients were interviewed before receiving TKI prescription and during a subsequent visit. Consent, demographics, and medication data were obtained in the first encounter. Compliance and reasons for noncompliance were assessed using pill count methods during the second visit. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED: Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS. RESULTS: A total of 63 CML patients are followed and treated in KAMC-R at the time of conducting this study. Sixteen patients were excluded from the study due to either loss of follow-up or using a non-TKI treatment option. The study was conducted on 47 patients; male:female ratio was 20 (40%):28 (60%). The mean age was 51 years (range 23–76 years). Twenty-four patients (51%) were fully compliant to the TKIs while 23 patients (49%) were not compliant. The study reported three main reasons for noncompliance, drug toxicity in 7 patients (30%), forgetfulness in 7 patients (30%), and ignorance in 2 patients (9%). CONCLUSIONS: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study assessing compliance of CML patients with TKIs among Saudi population. Noncompliance with TKIs is a major health-care problem affecting the outcome of treatment. Stressing on patient education before and during TKIs treatment might improve the compliance.

Topic: Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Treatments
Subfield: Hematology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Circular migration of the population of the Republic of Moldova

The specific nature of Moldovan circular migration to the CIS and EU is determined by two criteria: vector (direction) of migration and nature of employment in destination countries. According to the results of public opinion poll, mainly people from the villages participate in circular migration to the CIS; heads of households, men with secondary or vocational education. For them labor migration abroad is a secondary form of employment, and it is seasonal. Circular migrants to the other countries are predominantly women, and a great share of them have higher education. There are significant differences which determine circular nature of migration, especially in the impact of push and pull factors. Labor migration to the CIS countries is determined to a greater extent by the migrants' and their households' need to survive, while migration to the EU countries is conditioned by the greater living (functioning) opportunities for migrants and their families. Visa regime, high travel expenses have a significant impact on the nature of circular migration to the EU. It explains greater length of trips. Work trip to the CIS (mainly to Russia) usually lasts around 7 months, while in the EU it's twice longer, 15 months. Quite often it stimulates non-return migration. In the conditions of modern financial and economic crisis of 2008-2010 circular migration acquired several new features. These include delayed nature of migration, greater comparable choice possibilities in terms of destination countries and countries of origin, uncertainty and mass multiple choices of its implementation.

Topic: Regional Socio-Economic Development Trends
Subfield: Demography
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
FT‐ICR‐MS‐based metabolomics: A deep dive into plant metabolism

Abstract Metabolomics involves the identification and quantification of metabolites to unravel the chemical footprints behind cellular regulatory processes and to decipher metabolic networks, opening new insights to understand the correlation between genes and metabolites. In plants, it is estimated the existence of hundreds of thousands of metabolites and the majority is still unknown. Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT‐ICR‐MS) is a powerful analytical technique to tackle such challenges. The resolving power and sensitivity of this ultrahigh mass accuracy mass analyzer is such that a complex mixture, such as plant extracts, can be analyzed and thousands of metabolite signals can be detected simultaneously and distinguished based on the naturally abundant elemental isotopes. In this review, FT‐ICR‐MS‐based plant metabolomics studies are described, emphasizing FT‐ICR‐MS increasing applications in plant science through targeted and untargeted approaches, allowing for a better understanding of plant development, responses to biotic and abiotic stresses, and the discovery of new natural nutraceutical compounds. Improved metabolite extraction protocols compatible with FT‐ICR‐MS, metabolite analysis methods and metabolite identification platforms are also explored as well as new in silico approaches. Most recent advances in MS imaging are also discussed.

Topic: Metabolomics and Mass Spectrometry Studies
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
The monitoring of civil and political rights

This chapter examines, in turn, the monitoring of civil and political rights in the UK conducted by five bodies: the UN's Human Rights Committee, the UN's Committee Against Torture, the UN's Sub-Committee on the Prevention of Torture, the Council of Europe's Committee on the Prevention of Torture and the Council of Europe's Group of Experts on Action Against Human Trafficking. In each instance the examination focuses on what changes, if any, the monitoring bodies can reasonably claim to have contributed to within UK law and policy on human rights.

Topic: International Law and Human Rights
Subfield: Political Science and International Relations
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
The Ethiopian and the Elephant? Queen Louise Marie Gonzaga and Queenship in an Elective Monarchy, 1645–1667

This article analyses the position of queens consort in the Polish-Lithuanian elective monarchy through an examination of the relationship between Louise Marie Gonzaga, queen of Poland-Lithuania (1645-48; 1649-67) and her second husband, King John Casimir (1648-68). It suggests that this relationship was far more complex than the traditional picture of a weak and subservient husband dominated by his forceful wife. It shows how Louise Marie was able to establish an important political role for herself, and argues that the royal marriage was far more of a political partnership than is usually suggested.

Topic: Historical and Cultural Studies of Poland
Subfield: History
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Abstract TP340: The Level of Occludin in Blood as a Potential Biomarker for Blood-Brain Barrier Damage and Predicting Hemorrhage Transformation After Acute Ischemic Stroke

Fear of hemorrhage transformation (HT) has been the primary reason for withholding the effective recanalization therapies (thrombolysis or thrombectomy) from most acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients. Currently there is no reliable indicator available to predict HT before recanalization. The degradation of tight junction proteins plays a critical role in blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption in ischemic stroke. We hypothesize that since occludin fragment in peripheral blood is derived from the degradation of occludin on cerebral microvessels, elevated blood occludin level directly reflects BBB disruption and may serve as a biomarker for BBB damage to predict the risk of HT after recanalization. In this study, we determined occludin fragment in the blood of rats, non-human primates and human patients after AIS using ELISA assay, and evaluated its level with BBB damage, HT, and other neurological outcomes. We found that ischemia induced rapid occludin degradation and BBB disruption, while occludin fragment was released into the blood circulation. Cerebral ischemia resulted in a dramatic increase of occludin fragments in rat blood samples after 4-hr ischemia, which was correlated well with occludin loss from ischemic cerebral microvessels. In the blood sample from ischemic rhesus monkeys, occludin level significantly increased after 2h ischemia from baseline, which correlated well with brain infarction shown in MRI images. We further collected the sera of AIS patients as early as they arrived at hospital. Our results indicated that the level of occludin increased in accord with ischemia onset time and neurological dysfunctions. The level of blood occludin in AIS patients with HT was much higher that those without HT. Together, our findings from rats, non-human primates and patients suggest that the level of occludin fragment in blood could serve as a biomarker for HT and neurological outcome following AIS, which could be used to safely guide recanalization for AIS in the clinic.

Topic: Acute Ischemic Stroke Management
Subfield: Epidemiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Technique of Traffic Flow Evolution Localization for Calibration of Deterministic-Stochastic Segregation Model

For traffic optimization, it is necessary to know characteristics of merging and diverging maneuvers on a road element. A mathematical model developed with the purpose to study merging and diverging maneuvers is proposed. We consider an experimental study of traffic flow on a segregation section and choose parameters of a mathematical model on the base of these experiments.

Topic: Transportation Systems and Logistics
Subfield: Civil and Structural Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Exonuclease and Nicking Endonuclease‐Assisted Amplified Electrochemical Detection of Coralyne

Abstract Based on the catalysis of exonuclease I (Exo I) and nicking endonuclease (NEase), a novel electrochemical biosensor for the detection of coralyne is fabricated in this work. Specifically, DNA probe 1 can be protected from Exo I‐catalyzed digestion upon interacting with coralyne, the most representative homo‐adenine binding molecule. Subsequently, DNA probe 1 can further hybridize with a pendant sequence on top of the DNA tetrahedron, which is previously modified on the gold electrode surface. As the formed duplex contains the recognition site of Nb.BssSI, a type of NEase, the pendant sequence is thus cleaved, releasing the electrochemical probe on the 5’‐terminus from the electrode surface. DNA probe 1 is also released, which could then initiate the subsequent cycles of NEase‐catalyzed cleavage and amplify the declined electrochemical signals. We can determine coralyne in a linear range from 0.1 to 100 nM with the detection limit of 0.07 nM by using the proposed method. Experiments in real samples also demonstrate good results, showing excellent practical utility of this method. Moreover, it could be extended to assay other analytes by modifying certain DNA sequences.

Topic: Advanced biosensing and bioanalysis techniques
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Death rate, recapture frequency and changes in size of tagged eels

From 475 eels individually marked with floy tags, of which 180 had an additional spot of alcian blue, 142 tags were recovered during a 2‐year release‐recapture programme, but alcian blue spots were not detected. The marked population declined by c. 95% per year (either through death or tag loss); tagged eels did not grow but lost weight; no trap avoidance could be detected. It is concluded that these tagged eels in poor condition did not suffer from winter mortality, and that during summer they moved around very actively.

Topic: Fish Ecology and Management Studies
Subfield: Nature and Landscape Conservation
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Experimental and Numerical Study on Production Performance: Case of Horizontal and Dual-Lateral Wells

Abstract Current drilling technology is moving towards maximum reservoir contact (MRC) by means of extended-reach horizontal and multilateral wells in all types and shapes. Horizontal and Multilateral applications become more commonplace to improve the well productivity by providing maximum reservoir contact, minimizing operating costs, lowering the pressure drawdown and maximizing profitability. This paper presents the results of a numerical study performed to determine the production performance of dual opposed laterals compared to horizontal wells. With a total section exposed to the reservoir equal in both types, an experimental model has been built for the purpose of studying the production performance of the abovementioned well configurations. Production performance, in both systems, has been compared using numerical and physical model. Results have proven that the dual-lateral well configuration accelerates the oil recovery by 90% in the early stage of production, compared to the horizontal well. Thus, the oil recovery using dual-lateral remains higher than that of horizontal well as water cut increases. Production performance for both configurations becomes equal in case of complete water production. However, the numerical model shows that the dual-lateral accelerates the oil recovery by 10% compared to the horizontal well performance. Nevertheless, the results of the experimental runs indicate higher recovery values at early production stage compared to the numerical mode results. Such results confirm that dual-lateral wells are more efficient compared to the horizontal wells, where the optimum horizontal length is exceeded. Details of the optimum horizontal well length are presented. The paper provides also advantages of drilling dual-lateral wells compared to the horizontal wells exceeding the optimum lengths.

Topic: Reservoir Engineering and Simulation Methods
Subfield: Ocean Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences