jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Charity in Rabbinic Judaism: Atonement, Rewards, and Righteousness

Studying the many ideas about how giving charity atones for sin and other rewards in late antique rabbinic literature, this volume contains many, varied, and even conflicting ideas, as the multiplicity must be recognized and allowed expression. 
Topics include the significance of the rabbis’ use of the biblical word as charity, the coexistence of the idea that God is the ultimate recipient of tzedaqah along with rabbinic ambivalence about that idea, redemptive almsgiving, and the reward for charity of retention or increase in wealth. Rabbinic literature’s preference for teshuvah (repentance) over tzedeqah to atone for sin is also closely examined. Throughout, close attention is paid to chronological differences in these ideas, and to differences between the rabbinic compilations of the land of Israel and the Babylonian Talmud. The book extensively analyzes the various ways the Babylonian Talmud especially tends to put limits on the divine element in charity while privileging its human, this-worldly dimensions. This tendency also characterizes the Babylonian Talmud’s treatment of other topics. The book briefly surveys some post-Talmudic developments.
As the study fills a gap in existing scholarship on charity and the rabbis, it is an invaluable resource for scholars and clergy interested in charity within comparative religion, history, and religion.

Topic: Biblical Studies and Interpretation
Subfield: Religious studies
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
LHD 3mVUV #146227.1

Extreme ultraviolet (EUV) and vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) spectroscopy diagnostics are applied to measure wavelength spectra including line emissions released from Ne ions ranging from low to high charge states simultaneously in a single discharge of the Ne-seeded divertor heat load reduction experiments in LHD.

Topic: Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare
Subfield: Health Information Management
Field: Health Professions
Domain: Health Sciences
The Visual Text of William Carlos Williams

Other| December 01 1984 The Visual Text of William Carlos Williams Henry M. Sayre. Urbana and Chicago: University of Illinios Press, 1983. 152 pp. $12.95. William Marling William Marling Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Modern Language Quarterly (1984) 45 (4): 416–419. https://doi.org/10.1215/00267929-45-4-416 Cite Icon Cite Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Permissions Search Site Citation William Marling; The Visual Text of William Carlos Williams. Modern Language Quarterly 1 December 1984; 45 (4): 416–419. doi: https://doi.org/10.1215/00267929-45-4-416 Download citation file: Zotero Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search Books & JournalsAll JournalsModern Language Quarterly Search Advanced Search The text of this article is only available as a PDF. Copyright © 1984 by Duke University Press1984 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.

Topic: Poetry Analysis and Criticism
Subfield: Literature and Literary Theory
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Regulation of GLYT1 and xCT in human intestinal cells by ATF4 but not XBP1 or ATF6

The glycine transporter GLYT1 and the cystine-glutamate exchanger xCT have been identified as targets of the eIF2α stress response pathway and the transcription factor ATF4. To determine the role of these transporters in the intestinal response to stress we have examined regulation of expression of GLYT1 and xCT in the human colon carcinoma cell line Caco-2 during ER-stress and knockdown of the key transcription factors, ATF4, X-box-binding protein 1 (XBP1) and ATF6, involved in the unfolded protein response. Cells exposed to tunicamycin, a stimulator of ER-stress, showed greatly (8–10 fold) increased expression of GLYT1 and xCT mRNAs, measured by quantitative PCR, but little change in expression of the peptide transporter PepT1 mRNA. Expression of markers of ER-stress, DNA-damage inducible transcript 3 (DDIT3, also known as CHOP) and glucose-regulated protein-78 (GRP-78) was also greatly increased. siRNA knockdown of ATF4 resulted in decreased expression of GLYT1 and xCT mRNAs but had no effect on PepT1. Knockdown of XBP1 or ATF6 did not alter expression of any gene. These data suggest that GLYT1 and xCT are specific targets of ATF4 in intestinal cells. We suggest that increased expression of these transporters induced by stress leads to increased uptake of glycine and cystine, required for glutathione synthesis, and thus to increased intracellular antioxidant capacity.

Topic: RNA regulation and disease
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Drying Stress and Survival of Shigella and Salmonella in Food Derived Model Systems

Shigella and Salmonella are main causes of foodborne illnesses and intoxications. Because of their drying-resistance they a food safety problem during production. Therefore survival and drying stress of those pathogenic bacteria were characterized. A dependency of survival, cell density, and carrier medium was shown. Furthermore cells up-regulated the production of general stress-, energy pathway-, and membrane-proteins. For Shigella a over-expression of trehalose pathway proteins was shown, which was confirmed by trehalose content analysis.

Topic: Cancer Research and Treatments
Subfield: Biotechnology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Assessing Ecological Sustainability of Slash‐and‐Burn Agriculture through Soil Fertility Indicators

Abstract The objective of this study was to assess the near‐ and long‐term impact of traditional slash‐and‐burn agriculture on soil fertility in the village of Kembera, West Kalimantan, Indonesia. Soil fertility is widely viewed as one of the key limits to sustainable production in slash‐and‐burn agroecosystems. A chronosequence of sites ranging from currently cultivated swiddens to a 28‐yr fallow was surveyed. Organic C, cation exchange capacity (CEC), pH, nitrate, extractable basic cations, available and total P, and extractable Al were measured as indicators of soil fertility. Inferred short‐term trends point to significantly improved soil fertility conditions after burning in currently cropped swiddens relative to fallows. During the fallow, soil organic C, CEC, nitrate, total P, and extractable basic cations all manifest positive associations with fallow length after 3 to 11 yr of fallow. No declines in soil parameters were detected between plots based on the frequency of past slash‐and‐burn activity. Therefore, there is no evidence that slash‐and‐burn agriculture in Kembera has degraded these soil resources. While the results of this study suggest that slash‐and‐burn agriculture in Kembera has been ecologically sustainable, recent changes in socioeconomic factors influencing farmer's land‐use decisions cast doubt upon the future sustainability of this agroecosystem.

Topic: Agricultural Development and Management
Subfield: General Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Computational aeroacoustics: The low speed jet

Abstract Low speed circular, elliptic and planar jets are investigated computationally for basic sound generation and hydrodynamics. The jets are assumed to be incompressible and are simulated using the large eddy simulation (LES) approach. The emitted sound is calculated using Lighthill’s acoustic analogy. Two formulations are used, Lighthill’s stress tensor formulation and Powell’s vortex sound formulation. A new boundary correction for Powell’s formulation is developed in order to account for the finite size of the computational domain. Low to moderate Reynolds number jets are simulated. Good agreement with known hydrodynamic results is achieved. This includes the nature of the transition process, e.g. enhanced mixing and axis switching in the elliptic jet and in some statistical results. The new boundary correction for Powell’s formulation proves to be vital in order to achieve good agreement with Lighthill’s formulation. Some success in high frequency prediction at least for the circular and elliptic jets is achieved in terms of getting the expected asymptotic behaviour. Both formulations show that the elliptic jet noise level is mildly lower than the circular jet noise level. Good to very good agreement is achieved in terms of directivities and frequency spectra with known results for the various jets.

Topic: Aerodynamics and Acoustics in Jet Flows
Subfield: Aerospace Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
ChemInform Abstract: N‐Arylsulfonyl‐benzimidazolones as Potential Hypoglycemic Agents.

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.

Topic: Synthesis of heterocyclic compounds
Subfield: Organic Chemistry
Field: Chemistry
Domain: Physical Sciences
Association of C-reactive Protein with Fasting Blood Glucose in Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients

Key words: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, C-reactive protein, AtherosclerosisDOI: 10.3329/bjpath.v24i2.4110Bangladesh J Pathol 24(2): 4-7

Topic: Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
Subfield: Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
“Two Socialisms”: The Soviet Perception of the “Scandinavian Model” in the Second Half of the 1960s and 1970s

In the 20th century, the Nordic countries implemented the concept of a social state. The article analyzes the attitude to the theory and practice of the “Scandinavian model” (ideology, political situation, economic and foreign policy of the Scandinavian Social Democrats, as well as their implementation of the concept of the “welfare state”) of representatives of state authorities and management, as well as the scientific community of the USSR in the second half of the 1960s – 1970s. The “socialist” basis of the model and the similarity of some of its aspects with Soviet socialism formed a special interest of specialists. Despite the recognition of the clear success of the Nordic countries in the socio-economic sphere, its final assessment was negative. The “Scandinavian model” was not even considered a progressive version of “ordinary” capitalism. Although in the 1970s in the Soviet Union there were quite balanced judgments about the Scandinavian social democrats, the possibility of using the experience of the “Scandinavian model” in the USSR was not considered. At the same time, the Soviet Union and other socialist countries saw this model as a threat (as well as in general in the Western model of the “welfare state”). The Soviet estimates were not entirely objective, although the bias characteristic of the previous period decreased. Soviet diplomats and experts often emphasized the negative aspects of the “Scandinavian Model” and often made contradictory conclusions about it. An important point is that the crisis of the “Scandinavian model” and the collapse of the Soviet system coincided in time, and the processes of partial dismantling of this model are similar to the events in post-Soviet Russia.

Topic: Global Political and Economic Relations
Subfield: Political Science and International Relations
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Blood addition and processingconditions: Improving proteincontent and digestibility value ofhydrolyzed feather meal

ABSTRACT The study aimed to optimize the processing conditions for hydrolyzed feather meal (HFM) with the addition of coagulated blood. Factorial design and response surface methodology were used to optimize processing conditions in function of protein content (%) and digestibility value (%) of HFM. Higher protein contents were obtained when the upper levels of the variables pressure (kgf.cm−2), hydrolysis time (min), and blood addition (%) were used in the process. Longer hydrolysis time and a higher percentage of blood result in higher digestibility values. Mathematics models can be used to estimate the protein content and digestibility value of HFM with coagulated blood. Hydrolyzed feather meal with higher protein content and digestibility value can be produced by adding coagulated blood and appropriate processing parameters.

Topic: Protein Hydrolysis and Bioactive Peptides
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Relationship of several serum folate forms with the prevalence of hypertension

Background: The relationship of different serum forms of folate with the prevalence of hypertension remains uncertain. We aim to examine the association of several folate forms (5-methyltetrahydrofolate [5-mTHF], unmetabolized folic acid [UMFA], and MeFox [an oxidation product of 5-mTHF]) with the prevalence of hypertension. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 19,237 participants from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2011–2018. Hypertension was defined as systolic blood pressure ≥140 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mmHg, or a self-reported diagnosis of hypertension by a physician, or current anti-hypertensive treatment. Results: The prevalence of hypertension was 39.3%. When serum 5-mTHF was assessed as quartiles, a significantly lower prevalence of hypertension was found in participants in quartiles 3 to 4 (≥34.0 nmol/L) (odds ratio [OR], 0.86; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.76–0.97), compared with those in quartiles 1 to 2. When serum UMFA was assessed as quartiles, a significantly higher prevalence of hypertension was found in participants in quartile 4 (≥1.0 nmol/L) (OR, 1.16; 95% CI, 1.03–1.31), compared with those in quartiles 1 to 3. When serum MeFox was assessed as quartiles, a significantly higher prevalence of hypertension was found in participants in quartiles 3 to 4 (≥1.4 nmol/L) (OR, 1.19; 95% CI, 1.06–1.34), compared with those in quartiles 1 to 2. Conclusions: Higher serum 5-mTHF levels were associated with a lower prevalence of hypertension, while higher serum UMFA and MeFox levels were associated with a higher prevalence of hypertension. If further confirmed, our findings highlight the importance of monitoring different serum forms of folate and may help guide future clinical trials and nutritional guidelines on folic acid supplementation for prevention of hypertension.

Topic: Folate and B Vitamins Research
Subfield: Rheumatology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
The Future‐Shaping Function of the Governing Board

Abstract Prevailing research tends to narrow the starting view of most authors, including those who write about community colleges and their governing boards in common terms of organizational structure, management style, roles and responsibilities, personality issues, and so forth. But this essay focuses more on one particular topic: the unique relationship between boards and the urban colleges they serve, from the perspective of a university professor who also serves as a community college trustee.

Topic: Criminal Justice and Corrections Analysis
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Ethical Reflections on the Challenges Facing International Businesses in Developing Areas

We now live in a world where the lives of all peoples are inextricably inter-connected. We have been brought closer to each other through modern systems of transportation and telecommunication. Commercially the links between people grow in number and complexity. Elements in the products we use, the clothes we wear and the food we eat may come from quite diverse places all over the earth. The volume of trade between countries has greatly increased. We are interconnected in other ways as well. A disease like AIDS begins in one part of the world and within a short span of years it has spread throughout the globe. How humans utilize natural resources in one part of the world may well affect those in other parts. Particles from insecticides used in the tropics eventually appear in rain and snow of arctic areas. Pollution caused by industry and vehicles in urbanized areas ends up disturbing the earth's atmosphere in ways that affect all humans. We have become interconnected in still other ways. Humans have migrated all over the earth. Vast numbers of people have moved from rural to urban areas, from continent to continent, in the process bringing with them parts of their varied cultures and traditions. Religiously humans are now more inter-mixed then ever. Christians and Muslims, especially, as well as Hindus, Buddhists, Sikhs and Jews are now found all over the world.1KeywordsSocial CapitalBusiness EthicInternational BusinessBusiness PracticeNatural CapitalThese keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.

Topic: Poverty, Education, and Child Welfare
Subfield: Safety Research
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Acylal hydrolysis. The pH-independent breakdown of 7-oxo-6,8-dioxabicyclo[3.2.1]octane

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAcylal hydrolysis. The pH-independent breakdown of 7-oxo-6,8-dioxabicyclo[3.2.1]octaneThomas H. Fife and Ramesh BembiCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1992, 57, 4, 1295–1298Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1992https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00030a045RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views129Altmetric-Citations5LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (502 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts

Topic: Analytical Chemistry and Chromatography
Subfield: Spectroscopy
Field: Chemistry
Domain: Physical Sciences
Gauged and ungauged unparticles signal at the LHC and ILC

A novel scalar and tensor unparticles contribution to the polarized diphoton production at the LCH and ILC are studied and the effects of the conformal as well dimensions scales are discussed.The expression of the various subprocess helicity amplitudes is also presented.Moreover, the effect of spin 0 and spin ½ gauged unparticles on the decay rates ℎ → and ℎ → are also shown explicitly.

Topic: Particle physics theoretical and experimental studies
Subfield: Nuclear and High Energy Physics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
French in Canada: Language Issues

This book analyses comprehensively the complex linguistic situation in Canada focusing particularly on the position of the French language at both national and provincial levels. Language issues in Canada are of great interest to linguists and sociolinguists for many reasons, not least because of Canada's policy of official bilingualism (Official Languages Act, 1969). The authors address a wide range of topics of interest to undergraduate and postgraduate students of French and Linguistics as well as readers with a specialist interest in Canadian or Quebec Studies. Individual chapters discuss the historical background to the presence of French in Canada, language policy and planning at federal and provincial levels, the changing linguistic landscape of Canada in the twenty-first century, the multilingual community, language contact, code-switching, immersion education and the language of the L2 speaker, the dynamics of French in Canada, language variation and change. The status of French in Canada is of relevance to all researchers with an interest in multilingualism, a crucial issue in this area of globalisation. The authors bring their expertise as linguists to bear on a subject which is of considerable importance internationally as well as within Canada.

Topic: Linguistic and Sociocultural Studies
Subfield: Linguistics and Language
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Response from VBM Medizintechnik GmbH

Thank you for the opportunity to reply. As Hobson et al. have stated, this incident was reported to the MHRA, to whom we have sent our Adverse Incident Investigation Report. We checked our incident history and no similar incidents have ever been reported to us. We also checked our complaint and repair file back to the year 2003, and again, found no device defect of this nature. With this information we assessed the incident as an isolated event and the file was closed by the MHRA Adverse Incident Centre in May 2012. We are very happy, however, if hospitals want to contact us for a device check with focus on the regulator.

Topic: Quality and Safety in Healthcare
Subfield: Medical Laboratory Technology
Field: Health Professions
Domain: Health Sciences
Bell’s Palsy - An Unusual Trigger?

Bell’s palsy is a common condition that is largely diagnosed and managed in family medicine. Despite the symptoms and management being well-established, less is known about its aetiology. Various factors have been implicated as the trigger for Bell’s palsy, with herpes virus reactivation as the most likely cause. However, many other theories have been proposed. We report the case of a 47 years old man with no significant previous medical problems, presenting with symptoms of Bell’s palsy after an unusual possible trigger. This article presents this case alongside existing evidence in the literature for the same trigger.

Topic: Facial Nerve Paralysis Treatment and Research
Subfield: Neurology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences