jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Estimation of live body weight from the heart girth measurement in KwaZulu-Natal goats.

This study was conducted to determine if heart girth measurements can be used effectively in the prediction of live body weights of goats in KwaZulu-Natal (KZN), and to assist in developing a heart girth measuring tape. This is especially aimed at providing a practical solution to determine live weight of goats for those farmers who are not able to purchase their own weighing scales. Data were collected from 1202 goats of different breeds, ages and sexes (55 bucks, 1053 does and 94 castrates) in different areas of KZN. Goats weighed were from research stations, and commercial, communal and emerging farms, thus covering a wide range of farming systems. A regression coefficient of heart girth measurement against body weight of 0.895 was obtained which demonstrated a strong relationship between the two variables. This indicated that the measurement of heart girth can be used in predicting body weight in goats and a tape measure can therefore be developed to assist livestock farmers in managing their goats better.

Topic: Livestock Management and Performance Improvement
Subfield: Agronomy and Crop Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Contribution of immunohistochemistry in the differential diagnosis of non-small cell lung carcinomas on small biopsy samples.

No one monoclonal antibody is totally specified for one histological type of tumor and its origin. Combination of TTF-1, cytokeratin 7, p63, cytokeratin 5/6, CD56 and synaptophysin allows for differentiation of NSCLC but Napsin-A for AC differentiation and chromogranin A for NSCLC-NE differentiation should be added in an optimal panel.

Topic: Lung Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment
Subfield: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
The Zone Plate: A New Lease Of Life?

It has long been known that zone plates can be used to form an image but they have been little used in practice because a lens generally performs better. Since a zone plate distributes light into several diffracted orders the efficiency is low and since the focal length is inversely proportional to wave-length the chromatic aberration is enormous. However, despite these drawbacks the zone plate does possess some attractive features: it is a thin structure so it produces no distortion in the image; it is less bulky and lighter than a lens (which would be particularly important for many infrared applications), and can be replicated so it is amenable to inexpensive mass production. We suggest that there are 3 main reasons why zone plates might become more widely used: a change of requirements; improvements in manufacturing technology; and new applications which take advantage of the unique features of the zone plates.

Topic: Advanced optical system design
Subfield: Biomedical Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
CNN, RNN, or ViT? An Evaluation of Different Deep Learning Architectures for Spatio-Temporal Representation of Sentinel Time Series

Rich information in multitemporal satellite images can facilitate pixel-level land cover classification. However, what is the most suitable deep learning architecture for high-dimension spatio-temporal representation of remote sensing time series remains unclear. In this study, we theoretically analyzed the different mechanisms of the different deep learning structures, including the commonly used convolutional neural network (CNN), the high-dimension CNN [three-dimensional (3-D) CNN], the recurrent neural network, and the newest vision transformer (ViT), with regard to learning and representing the temporal information for spatio-temporal data. The performance of the different models was comprehensively evaluated on large-scale Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-2 time-series images covering the whole of Slovenia. First, the 3-D CNN, long short-term memory (LSTM), and ViT, which all have specific structures that preserve temporal information, can effectively extract the spatio-temporal information, with the 3-D CNN and ViT showing the best performance. Second, the performance of the 2-D CNN, in which the temporal information is collapsed, is lower than that of the 3-D CNN, LSTM, and ViT but outperforms the conventional methods. Thirdly,using both optical and synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images performs almost the same as using only optical images, indicating that the information that can be extracted from optical images is sufficient for land-cover classification. However, when optical images are unavailable, SAR imagescan provide satisfactorily classification results. Finally, the modern deep learning methods can effectively overcome the disadvantages in imaging conditions where parts of an image or images of some periods are missing. The testing data are available at <italic><uri>gpcv.whu.edu.cn&#x002F;data</uri></italic>.

Topic: Remote-Sensing Image Classification
Subfield: Media Technology
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Development of C/C-SiC Friction Pads for an Aircraft Propeller Brake

Propeller brake for A400M&#13;\nDevelopment of C/C-SiC brake pads&#13;\nScreening test&#13;\nQualification &#13;\nPre-series manufacturing&#13;\nTechnology transfer&#13;\n

Topic: Brake Systems and Friction Analysis
Subfield: Automotive Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Circulating tumor DNA in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma—current status and future prospects

Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is the most common malignancy of the head and neck. Stagnating survival rates in recent decades, despite advances in the treatment paradigms, surveillance technologies, and multidisciplinary care, leave clinicians with a need for better options for screening, risk-stratifying, and monitoring patients. A growing proportion of patients with HPV-associated SCC have improved outcomes but continue to have a heterogenous response to treatment. Advances in the platforms and assays measuring circulating tumor DNA offer an opportunity to monitor disease status at the molecular level for both virally mediated and traditional risk-factor-driven SCC of the head and neck. This overview will discuss experimental, clinically used, and commercially available liquid biopsy platforms and their recent applications in patients with head and neck SCC malignancies.

Topic: Cancer Genomics and Diagnostics
Subfield: Cancer Research
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Lightweight and Secure D2D Authentication &amp; Key Management Based on PLS

Device-to-Device (D2D) communication is one of the key components of 4G/5G mobile networks since it enhances network capacity and enables support for public applications. On the other hand, device authentication in D2D is an inherent problem since devices connect and leave the network frequently and freely. Recently, "3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP)" has adopted the Authentication Key Agreement (AKA) protocol for 5G New Radio (NR) networks, where the Home Network (HN) first authenticates the User Equipment (UE) and then produces sessions keys. However, in D2D communication, data is directly conveyed between communicating entities (independently from the HN), which makes the AKA protocol not very suited for this technology. In this paper, we propose a new framework based on Physical Layer Security (PLS) that targets device authentication and key establishment in D2D/5G communication systems. The proposed protocol uses common channel characteristics and asymmetric cryptography to ensure legitimate authentication, without relying on the core network. Finally, security and performance analysis are presented to prove the proposed scheme's efficiency and immunity against different types of authentication attacks.

Topic: Security in Wireless Sensor Networks
Subfield: Computer Networks and Communications
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
End-of-Life Inventory Decisions of Service Parts

textabstractWith the spurt of technology and innovation the life cycles of parts and products have become shorter and service parts enter their final phases earlier. Final phase of a typical service part starts once the part production is ceased and ends when the last service or warranty contract expires. One popular tactic, in practice, to sustain service operations is placing a final order. The prime challenge of a firm while deciding a final order quantity is to minimize inventory-carrying costs together with the risk of obsolescence at the end of the planning period. \n\nIn this study, end-of-life inventory decisions for an array of products including both consumer electronics and capital-intensive products are investigated. For consumer electronics we show that considering an alternative service policy, such as swapping the defective product with a new one, besides a regular repair policy improves cost efficiency. \n\nMoreover, for capital-intensive products we study systems with phase-out returns and systems with customer differentiation in the end-of-life phase. Our analysis reveals that taming the uncertainty associated with phase-out arrivals engenders a remarkable efficiency improvement. Moreover, including rationing decisions in the end-of-life phase enhances the performance of the system by a significant reduction in cost and risk of obsolescence.

Topic: Organizational Management and Leadership
Subfield: Management of Technology and Innovation
Field: Business, Management and Accounting
Domain: Social Sciences
&lt;title&gt;Vibration damping in cylindrical shells filled with low-density low-wave-speed media&lt;/title&gt;

Significant damping can be introduced to a closed structure by filling the structure with a moderately lossy, low-wave-speed medium, such as a foam or a low-density powder. In this paper, we study the damping in long, thin-walled, cylindrical tubes filled with a low-density powder. Experimental results show that significant damping can be attained in tube bending (n=1) modes as well as shell bending (n=2 and higher) modes. To predict the damping in such systems, we develop a model based on three-dimensional shell equations including shear deformation and in-plane inertia, and treat the powder as a compressible fluid with a complex speed of sound. By studying the spatial decay of steady harmonic motion in an infinitely long tube, we obtain estimates for the loss factor of vibration for various numbers of circumferential nodes as a function of driving frequency.

Topic: Vibration and Dynamic Analysis
Subfield: Control and Systems Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Reframing British Cinema, 1918-1928: Between Restraint and Passion

Introduction: an Old Fashioned Cinema? PART ONE: CO-ORDINATES Chapter 1: Theatricality and British Cinema Chapter 2: Pictorialism: Going to the - British - Pictures Chapter 3: Performing British Cinema PART TWO: CONJUNCTIONS Chapter 4: Directors' Picture Stories: Pictures, Documents and Visions Chapter 5: Class Acts: Performers and Genres Chapter 6: The Stories British Cinema Tells Bibliograpy Index

Topic: Cinema and Media Studies
Subfield: Economics and Econometrics
Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance
Domain: Social Sciences
After Hospital: Should Older Care-Needing Patients Be Transferred to Their Homes or to an Intermediate Care Institution?

Background: In most European countries, communities need to provide health and social care services to an increasing number of severely ill patients discharged from hospitals. We investigated whether nurses in hospitals and in the communities’ health and social care services experienced that the administration in the municipalities allocated older patients the right type of services after hospital discharge. Methods: We used data from Norway, with a qualitative pilot study and quantitative analysis (structural equation modeling) of surveys involving 2431 nurses on inpatient wards in acute hospitals and 4312 nurses working in nursing homes or home nursing. Results: Dissatisfaction was widespread with the use of patients’ homes the first days after hospital discharge. Among nurses working in hospitals, 38% were commonly or very commonly disagreeing with the use of the patient’s home after hospital discharge, 25% among home nurses, and 18% among nurses in nursing homes. Home nurses were more prone to oppose the use of patients’ homes if they also experienced that their service had inadequate staffing or inadequate medical equipment. Conclusions: This research indicates conflicting priorities between the bureaucracy and nurses involved in actual work with older patients. From the nurses’ perspective, the municipalities’ administration was offering too few older patients short-term-stay in an intermediate care institution as part of the clinical pathway from hospital to home. However, providing more recourses to home nursing would improve their ability to provide sufficient care to older patients discharged from hospital.

Topic: Geriatric Care and Nursing Homes
Subfield: General Health Professions
Field: Health Professions
Domain: Health Sciences
An adaptive therapy machine for rehabilitating bimanual lifting in hemiplegic stroke patients

Specially designed machines, which the authors call rehabilitators, could automate some of the repetitive aspects of physical and occupational therapy. The authors envision developing a family of inexpensive machines, each designed to retrain coordination in a specific activity of daily living, that could be used by physical and occupational therapists. To this end, the authors have built a rehabilitator for adaptively assisting hemiplegic stroke patients in bimanual lifting. The rehabilitator, operating under a simple control law, can adapt properly to two extremes of patient ability: no ability to apply force to an object with the disabled hand, and full ability to lift an object bimanually.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>

Topic: Stroke Rehabilitation and Recovery
Subfield: Rehabilitation
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Walt Whitman: A Current Bibliography, Summer 2001

Universite de Picardie-Jules Verne, 2000.[Argues that Whitman "makes a clever and skillful (not to say cunning) use of Emerson's moral philosophy to justify and provide a moral vindication of a socially deviant eros," and thus Emerson's philosophy is not so much an influence on Whitman as it is "a tool, a device, enabling the poet to disclose and justify the whole scope of his theories on the complete emancipation of human identity"; in French.]

Topic: Poetry Analysis and Criticism
Subfield: Literature and Literary Theory
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Pengembangan Sistem Informasi Hamzar Eduline Untuk Meningkatkan Kinerja Guru Sekolah Dasar di Yayasan Maraqitta’limat

This study aims to develop the Hamzar Eduline Information System, a new application designed to improve the performance of elementary school teachers at the Maraqitta’limat Foundation. The system was developed using the ADDIE model, which includes the stages of analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. The analysis stage was conducted to identify the needs of teachers and principals regarding performance assessment tools. During the design and development stages, the system was built using Google Sites and equipped with objective-based performance test features, featuring an attractive design tailored to user needs. The product was validated by subject matter experts and information system experts, who awarded a validity score of 91.67 (categorized as very valid). A practicality test involving the school principal and teachers yielded excellent results, with the principal giving a score of 96.36 and teachers giving an average of 3.52 out of 4. The effectiveness test showed that 75 percent of the teachers reached the good to very good category in performance assessment after using the information system. These results demonstrate that Hamzar Eduline is a new, effective, practical, and feasible application to support the improvement of elementary school teacher performance.

Topic: Educational Methods and Media Use
Subfield: Information Systems
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Thinking About the Future

Abstract Are America’s young people being encouraged to “dream bigger” as they do volunteer work and are drawn into community service projects? Or are they simply being kept off the street, away from the mall, and being used to per­ form tasks that nobody else wants to do?These are hard questions. But we must confront them and, one hopes, in a way that will encourage young people to benefit from their volunteer experiences and that will help teachers, clergy, and leaders of community agencies to enrich these experiences.

Topic: Service-Learning and Community Engagement
Subfield: Education
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
High performance work systems and employee performance: the roles of employee well-being and workplace friendship

ABSTRACTPromoting a thriving and productive workforce is a core task for human resource development (HRD) researchers and practitioners. Drawing on the job demands-resources model, this study aims to provide a balanced view of how high performance work systems (HPWSs) influence employee performance through different aspects of employee well-being. Data were collected from 346 employees through a three-wave survey in China. Structural equation modelling was used to test the hypotheses. The results reveal that HPWSs positively predict employee performance through psychological empowerment and negatively predict employee performance through emotional exhaustion. Workplace friendship minimises the positive effect of HPWSs on emotional exhaustion and attenuates the indirect effect of HPWSs on employee performance via emotional exhaustion. This study challenges the prevailing idea that HPWSs can always improve employee performance. It informs HRD researchers and practitioners to dialectically assess the impact of HPWSs and include workplace friendship as an intervention measure to reduce the detrimental outcomes of HPWSs and better promote employee development.KEYWORDS: Hpwssemployee performancepsychological empowermentemotional exhaustionworkplace friendship Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Data availability statementThe data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.Additional informationFundingThis work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grants 72032002, 71772087, 71872089, and 72272079), the Major Achievement Cultivation Project of Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics (Grant NC2022007), the Social Science Foundation of Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics (Grant NCNJ2022033), the Innovation Team 'Research on Chinese Employment Relationship Management' of Philosophy and Social Science Research in Colleges and Universities in Jiangsu Province of China, and the Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics Top 100 Teams 'Employee Relations and Innovation Management in Digital Era'.

Topic: Job Satisfaction and Organizational Behavior
Subfield: Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management
Field: Business, Management and Accounting
Domain: Social Sciences
Polymorph Selection of ROY by Flow-Driven Crystallization

The selection of polymorphs of the organic compound 5-methyl-2-[(2-nitrophenyl)amino]-3-thiophenecarbonitrile, ROY, is studied experimentally in the confined space between two horizontal glass plates when an acetone solution of ROY of variable concentration is injected at a variable flow rate into water. Depending on the local concentration within the radial flow, a polymorph selection is observed such that red prisms are favored close to the injection center while yellow needles are the preferred polymorph close to the edge of the injected ROY domain. At larger flow rates, a buoyancy-driven instability induces stripes at the outer edge of the displacement pattern, in which specific polymorphs are seen to crystallize. Our results evidence the possibility of a selection of ROY polymorph structures in out-of-equilibrium flow conditions.

Topic: Fluid Dynamics and Thin Films
Subfield: Computational Mechanics
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
FUSS4^ (MEINE DGS – annotiert. Öffentliches Korpus der Deutschen Gebärdensprache, 3. Release)

Ein Type aus der Annotation von MEINEDGS mit allen seinen Tokens aus MEINEDGS: The Public DGS Corpus consists of more than 50 hours of video data from the DGS-Korpus project made available together with annotations for research purposes. In this project, data were collected all across Germany in the timeframe 2010-2012. The public corpus shows 330 informants in 4 different age groups (from 18 years on) from 13 different regions. All parts are conversations between two informants in German Sign Language (DGS). The majority of transcripts included cover discussions and reports on Deaf life and personal experiences, although there are examples of other tasks such as story retellings as well.<br>Transcripts are made available in iLex and ELAN format as well as in SRT subtitles format that can be imported in MaxQDA and other analysis tools, together with the mp4 video files in 360p50. Diese DOI identifiziert die Version 3.0 des Datensatzes.

Topic: Microbial Natural Products and Biosynthesis
Subfield: Pharmacology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
CodeTool: Enhancing Programmatic Tool Invocation of LLMs via Process Supervision

Tool invocation significantly enhances the capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs), yet challenges persist, particularly in complex task scenarios. Current methods, such as instruction-enhanced reasoning and supervised fine-tuning, often result in unnecessarily long reasoning paths and face difficulties in verifying the correctness of intermediate steps. In this paper, we propose CodeTool, a novel framework for stepwise code generation that improves LLM tool invocation by leveraging the concise and easily verifiable nature of code. CodeTool incorporates two distinct process rewards: the On-the-spot Reward, which provides immediate feedback on the accuracy of each tool invocation, and the Latent Reward, which assesses the contribution of each step toward overall task completion. By maximizing the cumulative reward of the On-the-spot and Latend Rewards at each step, LLMs are guided to follow efficient and accurate reasoning paths. Extensive experiments on StableToolBench and RestBench-TMDB demonstrate the superiority of CodeTool over existing approaches.

Topic: Business Process Modeling and Analysis
Subfield: Management Information Systems
Field: Business, Management and Accounting
Domain: Social Sciences