jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
PEARLS Papillomavirus E6 Oncoproteins Take Common Structural Approaches to Solve Different Biological Problems

Papillomaviruses induce benign and malignant epithelial tumors in vertebrates through the action of virally encoded oncoproteins such as E6. Recent studies of human and animal E6 pro-teins determined the three-dimensional structure of E6 when bound to LXXLL peptides derived from E6-targeted cellular proteins. The interaction between diverse E6 proteins and

Topic: Carbon Nanotubes in Composites
Subfield: Materials Chemistry
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Aggressiveness index of Apis Mellifera (Hymenoptera: Aapidae)

An index measuring the aggressiveness among ten colonies of Apis mellifera was elaborated based on the third generation synthetic indices by Charum et al. (1999). The index values are subject to a fixed parameter used as the beginning or standard value, and correspond to the aggressive features of some Africans colonies studied by Rothenbuler et al. (1968). In the ten colonies the index values are notably smaller than those of African colonies and are biased to the lowest values. This indicates, that neither of the colonies presents an extreme aggressive behavior and it is possible that they have not Africans genotypes. These results are an indirect proof of the index. Nevertheless, it could be improved by the introduction of other factors such as, climate and colony management.

Topic: Insect and Arachnid Ecology and Behavior
Subfield: Genetics
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Temporal learning in the cerebellum: The microcircuit model

The cerebellum is that part of the brain which coordinates motor reflex behavior. To perform effectively, it must learn to generate specific motor commands at the proper times. We propose a fundamental circuit, called the MicroCircuit, which is the minimal ensemble of neurons both necessary and sufficient to learn timing. We describe how learning takes place in the MicroCircuit, which then explains the global behavior of the cerebellum as coordinated MicroCircuit behavior.

Topic: Vestibular and auditory disorders
Subfield: Neurology
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences
The Council and European council in EU justice and home affairs politics

This chapter discusses the major theoretical approaches and their respective research questions and empirical findings that are dominant in studies on the Council in general and justice and home affairs (JHA) in particular. It focuses on the work that applies an intergovernmental and state-centered perspective in explaining whether and why member states would pool sovereignty in the Council in this specific policy area. In light of the evolution of the policy area, the chapter suggests critically reflecting upon whether or not intergovernmental modes of policy-making persisted in JHA despite moves in communitarizing the policy area. It concludes with a summary of the main research gaps that the review on the Council in JHA identified. Intergovernmental theory, stressing the interests of member states in EU cooperation, dominates the study of policy-making on JHA in the Council. By intensifying policy coordination within the European Council, member states are said to promote EU integration without the involvement of genuinely supranational institutions.

Topic: European and International Law Studies
Subfield: Political Science and International Relations
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Macaroni Latin

Macaroni Latin Get access C. A. Ward C. A. Ward 1Chingford Hatch, E. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Notes and Queries, Volume s8-IV, Issue 84, 5 August 1893, Page 116, https://doi.org/10.1093/nq/s8-IV.84.116c Published: 05 August 1893

Topic: Linguistics and language evolution
Subfield: Language and Linguistics
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
OBSERVATION OF CONFORMATION OF ADSORBED GRAFTED COPOLYMER ON α-Al&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; WITH ATOMIC FORCE MICROSCOPY

α-Al2O3表面におけるポリカルボン酸系分散剤（PC）の吸着形態について、原子間力顕微鏡を用いて観察を行なった。原子間力顕微鏡で得られた形状像を見ると、液中PC濃度が極めて低い場合PCが独立して吸着していることが確認された。側鎖が短いPCでは、側鎖長よりも大きい吸着層厚さが確認され、ループ型の吸着が起こっていることが示唆された。フォースカーブ測定によると、吸着したPCの立体反発力がα-Al2O3表面近傍に作用する水和力よりも遠方で確認された。de Gennesの提案した吸着モデルと実測したフォースカーブのフィッティングから、ポリマーが柔軟に可動できる最小単位は2.1～2.2nmであり、側鎖長さが短いほど剛直な挙動を示すことが示唆された。

Topic: Polymer Surface Interaction Studies
Subfield: Surfaces, Coatings and Films
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Neuropathy in Ethiopian diabetics: a correlation of clinical and nerve conduction studies.

A clinical and electrophysiological study of neuropathy in 215 unselected Ethiopian diabetics and 100 healthy controls was carried out at the Tikur Ambassa Teaching Hospital, Addis Ababa. The prevalence in diabetics was 54%, in controls 8%. The prevalence was significantly related to the duration of diabetes: 42%, 60% and 80% for a duration of respectively less than 5 years, 5 to 14 years, and 15 years and longer. There was no relationship of the prevalence to age. Diabetics with retinopathy (15%), nephropathy (12%) and liver cirrhosis (13%) had prevalences of respectively 70%, 76% and 71%; much higher figures than in patients without these complications. A higher prevalence of neuropathy was detected by nerve conduction studies than by clinical methods. The mean conduction velocity diminished in direct relation to the duration of the diabetes. The prevalence of neuropathy in our patients is similar to the prevalence reported from other countries in Africa. Poor nutritional background, inadequate control of the diabetes and the high prevalence of associated diseases such as liver cirrhosis may be partly responsible for the high prevalences of neuropathy in African diabetics.

Topic: Neurological and metabolic disorders
Subfield: Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Enhancing Mungbean (Vigna radiata L.) Performance with Optimized Nitrogen and Sulphur Levels

An experiment was conducted to study the impact of nitrogen and sulphur levels on the performance of mungbean. The experiment consisted of two factors viz. nitrogen levels and sulphur levels. The nitrogen application included four levels viz., N1: RDN @ 30 kg N ha-1; N2: Foliar application of Nano-urea @ 2 ml/L of water at 20-25 DAS; N3: Foliar application of Nano-urea @ 2 ml/L of water at 40-45 DAS and N4: Foliar application Nano-Urea @ 2 ml/L of water at 60-65 DAS whereas Sulphur application included three levels viz., S0: 0 kg ha-1; S1:15 kg ha-1 and S2: 30 kg ha-1 which was applied through Gypsum. The results showed that application of N3 resulted in higher performance of Mungbean in terms of growth parameters viz., plant height, DMA and LAI, yield attributes and yield. This indicates the importance of applying nano urea at the optimal growth stage to meet the crop's nutrient demands during critical periods of development. Likewise, increasing sulphur levels from S0 to S2 showed a positive effect on crop performance, with the highest results observed at 30 kg sulphur ha-1 S2.

Topic: Agricultural Science and Fertilization
Subfield: Soil Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Openheid na medische incidenten. The third international incident disclosure conference

Het international incident disclosure congres laat op 20 en 21 oktober nationale en internationale sprekers aan het woord over de door hen tegengekomen problemen, en de daarvoor aangebrachte oplossingen en strategieën bij het melden van medische incidenten. het uitwisselen van nieuwe wetenschappelijke inzichten en praktische strategieën kan zo tot dieper inzicht in de organisatie van openheid na medische incidenten leiden.

Topic: Disaster Response and Management
Subfield: Emergency Medical Services
Field: Health Professions
Domain: Health Sciences
Vertebral artery dissection as the underlying cause of ventral spinal epidural haematoma

Spontaneous spine epidural haematoma is a rare occurrence, with an incidence of 0.1/100 000 inhabitants/year. The anterior location of the haematoma is very uncommon since the dural sac is firmly attached to the posterior longitudinal ligament. Vertebral artery dissection as its underlying cause is an exceptionally rare event, with only two documented cases. This article presents the case of young woman who arrived at the emergency room with a spinal ventral epidural haematoma extending from C2 to T10, caused by a non-traumatic dissecting aneurysm of the right vertebral artery at V2–V3 segment. Since the patient was tetraparetic, she underwent emergent laminectomy, and the vertebral artery dissection was subsequently treated endovascularly with stenting. Vertebral artery dissection with subsequent perivascular haemorrhage is a possible cause of spontaneous spine epidural haematoma, particularly when located ventrally in the cervical and/or high thoracic column. Hence the importance of a thorough investigation of the vertebral artery integrity.

Topic: Spinal Hematomas and Complications
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Culture and attitude theorizing: Attitudes in western and non-western contexts

Western cultural traditions emphasize the cultivation of consistent attitudes, attitudes that are impervious to contextual factors. In the West, people learn to act on their preferences and are encouraged to express them across situations in invariant ways (“not in a box, not with a fox …”). Indeed, the pursuit of happiness depends on having a clear sense of what does and does not bring you joy. This enables deployment of attitudes in the service of making personally satisfying choices. Moreover, in the West, to know someone is to know their preferences. Attitudes, or personal preferences, make a person predictable across contexts. They also convey information about the holder’s values and traits. Therefore, the cultivation and strategic display of one’s likes and dislikes can function in the service of self-expression.

Topic: Cultural Differences and Values
Subfield: Social Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Electronic market and operating intermediary

Today electronic market, representing one of important trends of electronic commerce development, is making constant improvement on the diversification of market operating models, functional integration and innovation. As emerging market intermediaries, electronic market operators vary in type, business model, exchange mechanism. On the other hand, they have common in market efficiency, extent of adaptation to environment, and development prospect since they were born to accommodate to local market environment. This article compares two types of intermediary electronic market operators in pharmaceutical circulation business both in China and in America, from which some heuristic conclusions are drawn.

Topic: Digital Platforms and Economics
Subfield: Strategy and Management
Field: Business, Management and Accounting
Domain: Social Sciences
Characteristics of women requesting legal termination of pregnancy in a district hospital in Hammanskraal, South Africa

Introduction: Worldwide, the most commonly reported reason stated by women for undergoing a termination of pregnancy (TOP) is to postpone or stop childbearing. The second most common cited reason is socio-economic concerns, which include a disruption to education or employment, lack of support from the father, a desire to provide schooling for existing children, relationship conflict, poverty, unemployment or the inability to afford additional children. There are particular characteristics for women that are associated with their reasons for opting to have a TOP. Thus, this study sought to determine the characteristics of women seeking a TOP at Jubilee Hospital, Hammanskraal, South Africa.

Topic: Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health
Subfield: General Health Professions
Field: Health Professions
Domain: Health Sciences
Consequences of EMT-Driven Changes in the Immune Microenvironment of Breast Cancer and Therapeutic Response of Cancer Cells

Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a process through which epithelial cells lose their epithelial characteristics and cell–cell contact, thus increasing their invasive potential. In addition to its well-known roles in embryonic development, wound healing, and regeneration, EMT plays an important role in tumor progression and metastatic invasion. In breast cancer, EMT both increases the migratory capacity and invasive potential of tumor cells, and initiates protumorigenic alterations in the tumor microenvironment (TME). In particular, recent evidence has linked increased expression of EMT markers such as TWIST1 and MMPs in breast tumors with increased immune infiltration in the TME. These immune cells then provide cues that promote immune evasion by tumor cells, which is associated with enhanced tumor progression and metastasis. In the current review, we will summarize the current knowledge of the role of EMT in the biology of different subtypes of breast cancer. We will further explore the correlation between genetic switches leading to EMT and EMT-induced alterations within the TME that drive tumor growth and metastasis, as well as their possible effect on therapeutic response in breast cancer.

Topic: Cancer Cells and Metastasis
Subfield: Oncology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Renewal of Peripheral CD8+ Memory T Cells During Secondary Viral Infection of Antibody-Sufficient Mice

Abstract Kinetic studies and short pulses of injected 5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine have been used to analyze the development and renewal of peripheral CD8+ memory T cells in the lungs during primary and secondary respiratory virus infections. We show that developing peripheral CD8+ memory T cells proliferate during acute viral infection with kinetics that are indistinguishable from those of lymphoid CD8+ memory T cells. Secondary exposure to the same virus induces a new round of T cell proliferation and extensive renewal of the peripheral and lymphoid CD8+ memory T cell pools in both B cell-deficient mice and mice with immune Abs. In mice with virus-specific Abs, CD8+ T cell proliferation takes place with minimal inflammation or effector cell recruitment to the lungs. The delayed arrival of CD8+ memory T cells to the lungs of these animals suggests that developing memory cells do not require the same inflammatory signals as effector cells to reach the lung airways. These studies provide important new insight into mechanisms that control the maintenance and renewal of peripheral memory T cell populations during natural infections.

Topic: T-cell and B-cell Immunology
Subfield: Immunology
Field: Immunology and Microbiology
Domain: Life Sciences
Pauses…what pauses?

A 72-year-old woman was admitted for management of constipation secondary to opiod medications. Opiods were prescribed for pain relief following fractured humerus after a fall 1 week previously. Further history included multiple unexplained falls without syncope on the background of deforming rheumatoid arthritis osteoporosis and treated hypertension. On admission she was found to be tachycardic with atrial flutter with variable block …

Topic: Cardiovascular Syncope and Autonomic Disorders
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
CCDC 1961940: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.

Topic: Crystallization and Solubility Studies
Subfield: Materials Chemistry
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Injustice in Mobile Leisure: A Conceptual Exploration of Pokémon Go

In augmented reality, video games and the physical world converge as individuals participate in digital leisure overlaid on physical spaces. In Pokémon Go, game play in the physical world is impacted by constraints that limit access and play of marginalized groups. Global popularity of Pokémon Go created an opportunity to explore experiences of marginalized groups participating in augmented reality game play. Grey literature surrounding Pokémon Go is rich with accounts of constraints experienced by marginalized groups, particularly individuals self-identifying as White women, Black women, or Black men. Their experiences with Pokémon Go illustrate the need for social justice in digital leisure. Because the lifespan of mobile applications is limited, the gradual process from research to social change may be insufficient in addressing ever evolving digital platforms. Researchers need to strategically work with industry partners to identify needs for social justice during the planning and designing stages.

Topic: Recreation, Leisure, Wilderness Management
Subfield: Social Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Coherent thermodynamic model for ice I<i>h</i>—A model case for complex behavior

New data on the variation of the thermal expansion of ice Ih with temperature at ambient pressure together with new evaluations of the bulk modulus and earlier data for the heat capacity provide the basis for a coherent thermodynamic modeling of the main thermophysical properties of ice Ih over its whole range of stability. The quasi-harmonic approximation with one Debye term and seven Einstein terms, together with explicit anharmonicity, represents the dominant contribution next to minor “anomalies” from hydrogen ordering and lattice defects. The model accurately fits the main features of all experimental data and provides a basis for the comparison with earlier determinations of the phonon density of states and the Grüneisen parameters.

Topic: nanoparticles nucleation surface interactions
Subfield: Atmospheric Science
Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences
Domain: Physical Sciences
MINDFULNESS AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AS MODERATORS OF BEHAVIORAL INHIBITION SENSITIVITY AND PSYCHOLOGICAL DISTRESS

Framed in Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory, the current study examined the moderating effects of mindfulness and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) on the relationship between behavioral inhibition system (BIS) sensitivity and psychological distress. Participants (N=183) were college students at a large public university in the Southeastern United States. Data were collected using an online survey with self-report questionnaires that demonstrated acceptable reliability. Data analysis utilized multiple linear regression models to test study hypotheses. Findings revealed a significant positive relationship between BIS sensitivity and psychological distress, with mindfulness and MVPA significantly moderating this association. Specifically, increased reports of mindfulness and MVPA related to lower psychological distress for participants with higher than average BIS sensitivity. Mindfulness was especially effective at minimizing psychological distress for these individuals. This study expanded upon current Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory literature by examining the moderating effects of two emotional regulation strategies on BIS sensitivity and psychological distress. Findings from this study suggest that mindfulness and MVPA are unique strategies that buffer the link between BIS sensitivity and psychological distress. Understanding subpopulations of college students with increased risk for psychological distress (i.e., those with high BIS sensitivity) and identifying diverse strategies that effectively lower this risk (i.e., mindfulness; MVPA) can be used to develop targeted interventions that reduce psychopathology and promote mental health. Similarly, mindfulness and MVPA are potentially empowering strategies that college students can learn to adopt, implement, and manage on their own.

Topic: Behavioral Health and Interventions
Subfield: Applied Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
The Availability of Program Descriptions among Programs for Seriously Emotionally Disturbed Students

This article addresses the value of program descriptions for the field of serious emotional disturbance/behavioral disorders and presents data collected on the availability of written programs for this population of students. The development and field testing of instrumentation used to collect these and other data on the characteristics of district-wide programs for seriously emotionally disturbed children and youth are described. The availability of program descriptions was assessed in eight areas: philosophy, student needs and identification procedures, student and program goals, instructional methods and curriculum, community involvement, program design and operation, exit procedures, and evaluation. Findings indicated that relatively few comprehensive program descriptions are available to program planners and developers in the field of behavioral disorders, leading to a conclusion similar to one drawn by other writers with regard to the availability of program descriptions in the professional literature — while many high quality programs are likely to exist in the field they have not been adequately described on paper.

Topic: Behavioral and Psychological Studies
Subfield: Developmental and Educational Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Targeted protein degradation through site-specific antibody conjugation with mannose 6-phosphate glycan

Recent developments in targeted protein degradation have provided great opportunities to eliminating extracellular protein targets using potential therapies with unique mechanisms of action and pharmacology. Among them, Lysosome-Targeting Chimeras (LYTACs) acting through mannose 6-phosphate receptor (M6PR) have been shown to facilitate degradation of several soluble and membrane-associated proteins in lysosomes with high efficiency. Herein we have developed a novel site-specific antibody conjugation approach to generate antibody mannose 6-phosphate (M6P) conjugates. The method uses a high affinity synthetic M6P glycan, bisM6P, that is coupled to an Fc-engineered antibody NNAS. This mutant without any effector function was generated by switching the native glycosylation site from position 297 to 298 converting non-sialylated structures to highly sialylated N-glycans. The sialic acid of the glycans attached to Asn298 in the engineered antibody was selectively conjugated to bisM6P without chemoenzymatic modification, which is often used for site-specific antibody conjugation through glycans. The conjugate is mainly homogeneous by analysis using mass spectrometry, typically with one or two glycans coupled. The M6P-conjugated antibody against a protein of interest (POI) efficiently internalized targeted soluble proteins, such as human tumor necrosis factor (TNF), in both cancer cell lines and human immune cells, through the endo-lysosomal pathway as demonstrated by confocal microscopy and flow cytometry. TNF in cell culture media was significantly depleted after the cells were incubated with the M6P-conjugated antibody. TNF internalization is mediated through M6PR, and it is correlated well with cell surface expression of cation-independent M6PR (CI-MPR) in immune cells. A significant amount of CI-MPR remains on the cell surface, while internalized TNF is degraded in lysosomes. Thus, the antibody-M6P conjugate is highly efficient in inducing internalization and subsequent lysosome-mediated protein degradation. Our platform provides a unique method for producing biologics-based degraders that may be used to treat diseases through event-driven pharmacology, thereby addressing unmet medical needs.

Topic: Protein Degradation and Inhibitors
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences