jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Fibrotic response to angiotensin II is blunted in the kidney, but not in the heart, in insulin-sensitive long-lived transgenic dwarf rats

Insulin resistance is a characteristic feature of cardiovascular and renal diseases, and angiotensin II (Ang II) has been suggested to induce insulin resistance. The aims of this study were to elucidate the effect of chronic Ang II infusion on vascular reactivity and organ damage in insulin-sensitive rats. We confirmed the following three points. First, there was no significant difference in pressor response to chronic Ang II infusion (600 ng/kg/min) between insulin-sensitive transgenic rats (Tg) and control rats (C). Second, there was no significant difference in cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis by chronic Ang II infusion between the two groups. However, third, fibrotic response to chronic Ang II infusion evaluated by histopathological scoring in the kidney was significantly decreased in insulin-sensitive transgenic rats (renal fibrosis and nephropathy score: C+Ang II vs Tg+Ang II; 2.5 vs 1.3; p<0.05). Furthermore, the expression of TGF-beta, a fibrosis indicator, was also significantly suppressed in the kidneys of the transgenic rats (TGF-beta1/GAPDH ratio: C+Ang II vs Tg+Ang II; 1.15 vs 0.81; p<0.05). This result indicates that the growth hormone/insulin-like growth factor-1 axis is critically involved in the development of renal injury and fibrosis, rather than hypertension, cardiac hypertrophy, and cardiac fibrosis induced by chronic Ang II administration.

Topic: Renin-Angiotensin System Studies
Subfield: Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Visible-light-activated copper(<scp>i</scp>) catalyzed oxidative C<sub>sp</sub>–C<sub>sp</sub> cross-coupling reaction: efficient synthesis of unsymmetrical conjugated diynes without ligands and base

An efficient and eco-friendly approach to C<sub>sp</sub>–C<sub>sp</sub> cross-coupling of terminal alkynes for the construction of unsymmetrical conjugated diynes <italic>via</italic> a visible-light-induced CuCl catalysed process at room temperature is described.

Topic: Radical Photochemical Reactions
Subfield: Organic Chemistry
Field: Chemistry
Domain: Physical Sciences
CCDC 2117982: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.

Topic: Crystallization and Solubility Studies
Subfield: Materials Chemistry
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Gaps and opportunities: The rudimentary protection for “data-paying consumers” under new EU consumer protection law

Recent adjustments to consumer protection law have played a significant role in the strategic steps taken by the EU in attempts to adapt EU law to the digital economy and to the rising importance of data and data markets. The Directive on certain contractual aspects concerning the provision of digital goods and digital services stands out in its unequivocal recognition of business models that rely on data as contractual counter-performance and of the need to protect (also) consumers who “pay” with data instead of money. This article analyses the novel provisions of the Directive and assesses its impact specifically on data-paying consumers within the broader context of recent EU legislation in the area of consumer protection and data protection. The article identifies some gaps in the legislative scheme and possible opportunities for domestic laws and courts to fill these gaps for granting effective protection to such consumers.

Topic: European and International Contract Law
Subfield: Law
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Selective Extraction of the DM‐20 Brain Proteolipid

Abstract: Brain DM‐20 proteolipid was previously shown to be structurally different from the myelin major proteo‐lipid (MMPL). In an attempt to set up a large‐scale purification of DM‐20, we studied extraction of brain proteo‐lipids with mixtures of methylene chloride containing up to 80% methanol. The CH 2 Cl 2 ‐CH 3 OH (3:7, vol/vol) mixture is highly selective for the extraction of bovine brain DM‐20 compared to MMPL. Purified DM‐20 was obtained after chromatography of the extract on methylated Sephadex.

Topic: Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
Subfield: Neurology
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences
The species of Centistidea Rohwer, 1914 (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Miracinae) from Brazil

Four new species of the subfamily Miracinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) are described from Brazil based on specimens in the Natural History Museum, UK: Centistidea areolaris sp. nov., C. breviantennalis sp. nov., C. radialis sp. nov., and C. latisulca sp. nov. New distribution records of C. insularis (Muesebeck, 1937) and C. vertus (Papp, 2013) from the Neotropical region are provided, together with an illustrated key to all species of Centistidea known in Brazil.

Topic: Hymenoptera taxonomy and phylogeny
Subfield: Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Complications associated with cannula insertion techniques used for laparoscopy in standing horses

Objective— To report our experience and complications associated with different cannula insertion techniques for laparoscopy in standing horses. Study Design— Retrospective study. Sample Population— Forty horses that had laparoscopy for diagnostic or surgical purposes. Methods— After a physical examination, including rectal palpation, standing laparoscopy was performed in 40 sedated horses. Local anesthetic was injected at each site of cannula insertion in the left flank. Horses were divided into 5 groups: Pneumoperitoneum was induced before cannula insertion using a Verres needle (group 1, n = 3 ) or a 12‐g catheter (group 2, n = 14 ); the cannula was inserted before inducing a pneumoperitoneum (group 3, n = 9 ); the cannula was inserted under visual control, using an operating laparoscope (group 4, n = 2 ) or a Visiport Optical Trocar (group 5, n = 12 ). Horses were observed for 7 days. Results— Problems with insufflation or cannula insertion occurred in 12 horses: 6 had peritoneal detachment, 4 had a splenic puncture, and 2 had descending colon puncture. Eleven of these complications occurred in groups 1 to 3 and only 1 in groups 4 and 5. Conclusions— The Visiport optical device allows controlled insertion of the initial trocar, and thus avoided potential problems associated with “blind” cannula insertion techniques and was used effectively in horses that had feed withheld for 12 hours. This technique enables direct insertion of a cannula directly into the right flank. Clinical Relevance— Complications associated with initial cannula insertion in the paralumbar fossa, for laparoscopy, in standing horses can be minimized with the use of an optical cannula.

Topic: Veterinary Medicine and Surgery
Subfield: Small Animals
Field: Veterinary
Domain: Health Sciences
The Use of Behavioral Contracting to Increase Exercise Activity

A cardiovascular risk reduction program used a submaximal treadmill stress test to evaluate physical fitness. Of the 179 individuals who participated in the health education counseling activities which followed testing, 96 signed a behavioral contract to engage in a 12-week aerobic exercise program. Forty-one contractors fully met contract goals, and 21 reported increased activity levels. Analyses examined demographic, risk factor, and attitudinal predictors of contract signing and contract adherence. Contract signing was related to education, smoking, and women's mean body weight. Only women's body weight was related to contract adherence. Attitudes toward exercise were related to neither. Level of contract adherence was significantly related to a decrease in exercising heart rate at the six-month follow-up assessment. These data suggest that contract signing may be a useful device for assessing client motivation and predicting program participation and behavioral change outcomes.

Topic: Behavioral Health and Interventions
Subfield: Applied Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Economic crisis and the panopticon of the digital virus in Cambodia

Economic crisis and the panopticon of the digital virus in Cambodia Sokphea YoungWithin Southeast Asia, Cambodia is the most impoverished nation, notwithstanding an economy reliant on garment and manufacturing industries, tourism, and agriculture.The country's garment and manufacturing sector, especially the garment and footwear industry, emerged in the early 1990s after the first general elections organised by the United Nations Transitional Authority in Cambodia.The United States and the European Union supported Cambodia's export-driven economy through their Generalised Systems of Preferences and other trade schemes.The EU, for example, allowed Cambodia to export duty-free and quota-free to its market from 2001 under the Everything but Arms (EBA) scheme.These policies boosted Cambodia's garment sector such that, as of 2019, it employed about 600,000 Cambodians, most of whom were women from rural areas.With the support of the garment industry and other industries, Cambodia managed to significantly reduce poverty and transform its economy to become a lower-middle-income country in 2016.From 2017 to 2019, Cambodia exported on average €4 billion (European Commission 2020) and US$4 billion (United States Census Bureau 2021) of apparel products per year to the EU and US markets, respectively.As such, the manufacturing industry accounted for about 10% of Cambodia's GDP (World Bank 2020).While these forms of support were significant to the country and its people, the Cambodian government's respect for human rights, particularly freedom of association and freedom of speech, and democracy in general has been dismal, as the country has leaned towards authoritarianism, as evidenced by the dissolution of the most prominent opposition party, the Cambodia National Rescue Party (CNRP), in 2017 as How to cite this book chapter:

Topic: Cambodian History and Society
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Conclusion

In this book I have argued that Heracles is a far more complex tragedy than many critics have thought. Euripides exploits the conflicting views of ancient tradition about Heracles' nature and arete. The superlative strength that Heracles exhibited during his labours is laudable, but its transference from wildness into civilization becomes problematic. The play suggests that the solution is provided by the civic (and Athenocentric) context, where individuality and the archaic type of heroic excellence give way to solidarity and the value of community.

Topic: Classical Antiquity Studies
Subfield: Anthropology
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
THE EFFECT OF BINJAI (Mangifera caesia) LEAVES EXTRACT GEL TO COLLAGEN FIBER DENSITY ON WOUND

Background: Binjai (Mangifera caesia) leaves extract contains flavonoid, saponin, phenolic, tannin, alkaloid and triterpenoid. The said contents are known to help the process of wound healing. Gel formations contains a lot of water, resulting in substance penetration into the tissue will be better if used as wound healing adjuvant therapy. Purpose: To analyze the effect of binjai leaves extract gel (Mangifera caesia) that topically given to collagen fiber density on the wistar rat incision wound. Methods: This research was a true experimental with post test only with control group design that consists of 4 groups. Group I has been given the placebo gel as control, group II, III and IV have been given the binjai leaves extract gel with 5%, 10% and 15% concentration that observed on the 7th day and 14th day. The collagen fiber density assessed by measuring hydroxyproline with Stegmann and Stalder method. Results: The research result shows that the 15% concentration of binjai leaves extract gel has a better effect on collagen fiber density compared to 5% and 10% concentrations. Two-way Anova data analysis revealed that the significant difference average of collagen fiber density of the whole group with the value of sig.p &lt; 0,05. Conclusion: The 15% concentration of binjai leaves extract gel has the most optimal effect compared with the 5% and 10% concentrations to collagen fiber density on the wistar rat incision wound.

Topic: Medicinal Plant Research
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Morphology evolution and location of ethylene-propylene copolymer in annealed polyethylene/polypropylene blends

Binary blends of linear low density polyethylene (PE) and polypropylene (PP), and ternary blends of PE, PP, and EP copolymer (EPR) were prepared in a finely mixed state. In all blends the ratio of PP to PE was 85/15. In some of the blends, the PE component was labeled with a fluorescent dye; in other blends, the EPR component was labeled. These blends were investigated by laser scanning confocal fluorescence microscopy [LCFM] as a function of annealing time as well as EPR compatibilizer content. In this way we were able to follow the evolution of sample morphology and the location of the EPR in the blends. The presence of EPR in the blends retards the growth of droplets of the dispersed PE phase. When EPR was added in amounts up to 5 wt %, it tended to cover the PE droplets in patches rather than form a true core-shell structure. In the LCFM images, the EPR/PP interface appeared sharper than the EPR/PE interface. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci B: Polym Phys 35: 979–991, 1997

Topic: Electron and X-Ray Spectroscopy Techniques
Subfield: Surfaces, Coatings and Films
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Estimation of the tourist carrying capacity of the Natural Reserve Mombacho Volcano, Granada, and the Natural Reserve Datanlí-El Diablo, Jinotega, Nicaragua

The study was undertaken in the Natural Reserve Mombacho Volcano (NRMV), Granada and the Natural Reserve Cerro Datanlí-El Diablo (NRDE), Jinotega.The main objectives of this research were to analyze the current tourism management in the sites, to determine the visitor carrying capacity for the walking trails and give recommendations for managing visitors in the sites.The visitor carrying capacity (VCC) works as a potential strategy to reduce recreational impacts in Natural Protected Areas [5].Visitor carrying capacity is considered at three consecutive levels: physical carrying capacity (PCC), real carrying capacity (RCC) and effective carrying capacity (ECC) [3].The PCC was estimated based on the dimension of each trail, the space needed for each visitor and the time required to walk it.The RCC involves correction factors such as distance between groups, soil erodability, difficulty to walk, and others.The ECC includes the Management Capacity (MC), which is given by the existence of appropriate personnel, equipment and facilities in the protected area [3].The MC of the NRMV estimated was 74.24%.If the MC increases to 80% because of improvement in any of its components; the ECC would increase in the same proportion.According to Fundación Cocibolca, the organization managing the NRVM, scholar visitors show a different behaviour than ecotourism visitors.This rationale was considered in the calculation of the correction factors.This gave a much lower ECC for students.Therefore the maximum number of visits registered exceed the ECC calculated for students but not for ecotourists.If the trend of visits continues to increase in the following years, it will be necessary to restrict the number of visits during the top periods.On the other site, the peak El Gobiado, North sector of the NRDE has 3 defined walking trails: El Congo, El León and Campanero.The MC was 62.34% of the optimum.The scenario of MC at 80% would increase the ECC even more than in the NRMV case.It is suggested that this research could be used by the Ecotourism Project, funded by PNUD and further developed by PAGJINO applying the recommendations for visitor management on the walking trails, fauna species indicators for impact monitoring in the site, and training local tourist guides for visitor management.

Topic: Recreation, Leisure, Wilderness Management
Subfield: Social Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Characterization of PhospholipaseA(2) Activation by Plasmin inCultured Bovine Endothelial Cells

Treatment of cultured bovine carotid artery endothelial cells with 0.1 μM human plasmin has been reported to induce a receptor-mediated short burst of arachidonate release, which is a pertussis toxin-sensitive and extracellular calcium- dependent reaction. Plasmin-induced calcium influx in cells was significantly inhibited by pretreatment with pertussis toxin, indicating that the former was coupled with a pertussis toxin-sensitive guanosine 5'-triphosphate (GTP)-binding protein. Plasmin significantly induced the formation of lysophosphatidylcholine but not lysophosphatidylethanolaminc. A ccllular phospholipase A(2) with an arachidonyl specificity at the sn-2 position of phosphatidylcholine, which required submicromolar calcium, was identified as a cytosolic phospholipase A(2) by immunoblot analysis. By a cell-free enzyme activity assay and immunoblot analysis, plasmin was found to induce a translocation of the cytosolic phospholipase A(2) from the cytosol to the membrane. Taken together, the results suggest that plasmin bound to its putative reccptor and activated a GTP-binding protein coupled to calcium influx channel, followed by translocation and activation of cytosolic phospholipase A(2) in endothelial cells.

Topic: Calpain Protease Function and Regulation
Subfield: Cell Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Influence of the time of acidification after sample collection on the preservation of drinking water for lead determination

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTInfluence of the time of acidification after sample collection on the preservation of drinking water for lead determinationRobert G. Miller, James U. Doerger, Frederick C. Kopfler, Judy. Stober, and Paula. RobersonCite this: Anal. Chem. 1985, 57, 6, 1020–1023Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1985Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1985https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00283a013https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00283a013research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views136Altmetric-Citations6LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts

Topic: Analytical chemistry methods development
Subfield: Analytical Chemistry
Field: Chemistry
Domain: Physical Sciences
The Temporal Relationship between Symptoms of Social Anxiety and Depression in Children and Adolescents

아동과 청소년의 사회불안 증상과 우울 증상간의 시간적 관계를 밝히고자 초등학교 4, 5학년 364명과 고등학교 1, 2학년 373명을 대상으로 6개월 간격으로 두 차례에 걸쳐 사회불안 증상과 우울 증상을 측정하였다. 연구 결과, 사회불안 증상의 안정성은 아동 .48, 청소년 .70 이었으며, 우울 증상의 안정성은 아동 .54, 청소년 .65 이었다. 아동 자료에서 1차시기의 우울 수준을 통제한 후에도 사회불안 증상은 6개월 후의 우울 증상의 증가에 영향을 주었으며, 우울 증상 또한 1차시기의 사회불안 수준을 통제한 후에도 6개월 후의 사회불안 증상의 증가에 영향을 주었다. 청소년 자료에서 1차시기의 사회불안 증상은 6개월 후의 우울 증상에 영향을 주지 않았고, 1차시기의 우울 증상은 6개월 후의 사회불안 증상에 영향을 주었으나 중복 문항을 제외하고 재분석한 결과, 그 영향은 유의하지 않았다.

Topic: Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
Subfield: Clinical Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
LEARNING CONTENT KNOWLEDGE THROUGH ENGLISH MEDIUM INSTRUCTION (EMI) AT THE FACULTY OF COMPUTER SCIENCE, SRIWIJAYA UNIVERSITY

This research was aimed to investigate the student's perception of the English Medium Instruction (EMI) program in learning content subject, the support given by the faculty, and the challenges faced by the students in learning content at the Faculty of Computer Science, Sriwijaya University. The study applied a qualitative method approach. The samples of this research were taken from the 3rd-semester students of the Information System Study Program in the 2018/2019 academic year, the 5th-semester students of the Technical Informatics Study Program in the 2017/2018 academic year, and the 7th-semester students of the Technical Informatics Study Program in 2016/2017 academic year. The samples consisted of 68 students for the questionnaire, three groups of students participated in focus group discussion, and three EMI classes were observed in the classroom observation. The results of this study showed that most of the students agreed and had a positive perception of English as a Medium of Instruction in teaching content (computer) at the Faculty of Computer Science, Sriwijaya University. The supports given by the faculty were quite excellent and effective. Furthermore, most of the challenges faced by the students could be related to the difficulty of understanding the content being taught because they did not understand the language of instruction.

Topic: Second Language Learning and Teaching
Subfield: Literature and Literary Theory
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
A case of Mirizzi syndrome treated with electronic hydraulic lithotripsy

A 72-year-old female who was admitted to our hospital for jaundice received the diagnosis of cholangitis based on blood test and abdominal CT findings. We performed biliary drainage by placing a stent via endoscopic retrograde cholangiography (ERC). After the cholangitis improved, we attempted to remove the stone using a catheter but were unsuccessful. Cholangiography showed the stone in the cystic duct, and Mirizzi syndrome was diagnosed. We planned an electronic hydraulic lithotripsy (EHL) but replaced the stent several times due to occlusion or displacement. On Day 43 from the first visit, we used EHL to crush and remove the stone in the cystic duct. The post-operative course was uneventful, and the cholangitis has not recurred.

Topic: Gallbladder and Bile Duct Disorders
Subfield: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
A new criterion for the existence of multiple solutions in cones

We provide new sufficient conditions for the existence of multiple fixed points for a map between ordered Banach spaces. An interesting feature of this approach is that we require conditions not on two boundaries, but rather on one boundary and a point with some extra information on the monotonicity of the nonlinearity on a certain set. We apply our results to prove the existence of at least two positive solutions for a nonlinear boundary-value problem that models a thermostat.

Topic: Nonlinear Differential Equations Analysis
Subfield: Applied Mathematics
Field: Mathematics
Domain: Physical Sciences