jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Critical Review of K-12 Filipina/o American Curriculum

This research study provides the first comprehensive and critical literature review of K–12 Filipina/o American curricula found in formal and informal educational settings. Thirty-three Filipina/o American curricula representing a diverse array of authors, audiences, content, and pedagogical approaches were reviewed. The authors of this study developed a “Critical Framework of Review” rooted in critical pedagogy in order to analyze the historical development of Filipina/o American curricula along with an analysis of major topics, concepts, guiding theoretical frameworks, pedagogical approaches, and outcomes. The review concludes with a discussion and summary of the overarching themes of Filipina/o curricular content, instruction, and impact gained from this study and recommendations for the application, development, distribution, and research of more Filipina/o American K–12 curriculum resources.

Topic: Global Education and Multiculturalism
Subfield: Education
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Prazepam metabolism by man

The absorption, excretion, and biotransformation of 14 C‐labeled prazepam were studied in man. Slow, sustained absorption followed the administration of a single oral dose. The peak level of the blood radioactivity was observed after 6 hours. Clearance from the blood was also slow, particularly with respect to the unconjugated forms of the drug. Unlike diazepam, the major phase 1 reaction for prazepam was hydroxylation at carbon‐3 rather than dealkylation. Initially, the principal urinary metabolite was 3‐hydroxyprazepam glucuronide. Oxazepam glucuronide was excreted in increasing quantities over the 48 hour study period so that its total excretion approached that of 3 ‐hydroxyprazepam glucuronide. No unaltered prazepam was detected in the urine and the level of desalkylprazepam was low. Several unidentified radioactive glucuronides and sulfates were also excreted in the urine.

Topic: Pharmacogenetics and Drug Metabolism
Subfield: Pharmacology
Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics
Domain: Life Sciences
Benzoquinone imines. Part 13. Reactions of N-methylated 2-aminoindamines in aqueous solution

N-Methylated 2-aminoindamines (2-amino-N-(4-aminophenyl)-p-benzoquinone di-imines) undergo hydrolysis at the azomethine bridge at pH < 4, intramolecular cyclization to diaminophenazines at pH 4–9.5, and hydrolysis of the terminal imino-group at high pH. The effect of N-methylation of either amino- or imino-group on the rate of these reactions is consistent with the proposed mechanisms. Acid hydrolysis involves reaction of the dication with a hydroxonium ion and with water, cyclization involves an intramolecular coupling of the 2-aminonitrogen of the monocation, to the 2-carbon atom, followed by oxidation, and alkaline hydrolysis involves reaction of a hydroxide ion with the monocation. The N4N4-dimethylindaminium ions form a neutral species at pH > 11 by loss of a proton from the tautomeric form 4-dimethylamino-N1-(4-aminophenyl)-o-benzoquinone di-imine. 2-Dimethylaminoindamines undergo rapid intramolecular cyclization to give the colourless 2,8-diamino-10.10 dimethyl-5,10-dihydrophenazinium ion. This is slowly converted into a 10-methylphenazinium salt, a methyl group being eliminated as methanol.

Topic: Synthesis and Biological Evaluation
Subfield: Organic Chemistry
Field: Chemistry
Domain: Physical Sciences
Determination of the Chemical Content and Antibacterial Activity of Mentha spicata Leaves and Evaluation of its Use in the Preservation of Some Foods

Background: People have become interested in consuming high-quality, safe, natural foods with the increased spread of green consumerism worldwide. Methods: Prepare a coating solution from leaves of spearmint Mentha spicata with glycerol, estimate the antimicrobial activity and application of this coated on apricots and study the effect on weight loss, soluble solids content, antioxidant activity and sensory evaluation. Result: The qualitative detection of the bioactive compounds of the spearmint M. spicata leaves showed its continent included tannins, alkaloids, flavonoids, coumarins, terpenes, and saponins. The used concentrations of 12.5 and 25 mg mL-1 from spearmint coating solution (SCS) showed a non-significant effect at (P≤0.05). In comparison, the 50 and 100 mg mL-1 showed a significant effect at (P≤0.05) as antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus cereus and Staphylococcus aureus. The weight loss of coated apricots after storage for 30 d at 4°C was 20.06, 18.52, 14.84 and 13.42%. Also, the soluble solids content was 17.3, 16.7, 14.1 and 13.9%. The antioxidant activity (Inhibition%) was increased to 30, 34, 39 and 47% using SCS of 12.5, 25, 50 and 100 mg mL-1 as a coating material. The sensory evaluation found significant differences at (P≤0.05) between treatments for all characteristics. The coating kept the consumer’s acceptance of consuming these fruits through characteristics of appearance, aroma and taste after storage for 30 d at 4°C.

Topic: Medicinal Plant Research
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Identification of sex from tarsal bones

Bone weight as a discriminative factor for identification of sex was studied in tarsal bones (172 calcanei and 164 tali) from the Varanasi region. The DPs for the weight of these bones identified sex correctly in a good percentage of cases, especially from the male bones. The findings suggest weight of tarsal bones as a useful metrical feature for discriminating sexual dimorphism.

Topic: Forensic Anthropology and Bioarchaeology Studies
Subfield: Archeology
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
In vitro tolerance of rice pathogen Rhizoctonia solaniby orchid mycorrhizal fungi isolated fromorchids in BRIS, Setiu Wetlands

Rice (Oryza sativa) is a major staple food that feeds more than half of the human population in the world. However, rice
production faces major loss in yield due to rice diseases including Rice Sheath Blight (RSB), which is caused by a soil-borne
fungal pathogen, Rhizoctonia solani. Interestingly, the same pathogenic R. solani in rice has also been isolated from orchids
and is known to form a vital symbiotic relationship, called orchid mycorrhiza. Thus, this study aims at isolating and identifying
the orchid mycorrhizal fungi (OMF) present in roots of orchids at beach ridges interspersed with swales (BRIS), Setiu
Wetlands and to determine their antagonistic activity towards pathogenic R. solani through dual culture bioassay. Mycorrhizal
fungi were isolated from the roots of Phalaenopsis pulcherrima, Bromheadia finlaysoniana and Dendrobium crumenatum.
Three isolates were identified through morphological identification to be Rhizoctonia species namely A, B and C along with
one fungal isolate as Daldinia species. In vitro antagonistic test against pathogenic R. solani showed Rhizoctonia species (B)
displayed the strongest anti-fungal activity with 60.46% of Percentage Inhibition of Radial Growth (PIRG) value followed
by Rhizoctonia species (C) with 59.9%, Rhizoctonia species (A) with 51.02% and Daldinia species with 39.80%. This
preliminary investigation shows the potential of orchid mycorrhizal fungi to be developed as a biocontrol agent.

Topic: Forest Ecology and Conservation
Subfield: Forestry
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Evaluation of high-protein distillers dried grains on growth performance and carcass characteristics of growing-finishing pigs

Abstract A total of 1,890 growing-finishing pigs (PIC; 359 × 1,050; initially 27.1 kg) were used in a 124-d growth trial to compare the effects of high-protein distillers dried grains (HPDDG; 39% crude protein [CP]) or conventional distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS; 29% CP) on growth performance and carcass characteristics. Treatments were arranged in a 2 × 2 + 1 factorial with main effects of distillers dried grains source (conventional DDGS or HPDDG) and level (15% or 30%). A corn–soybean meal-based diet served as the control and allowed linear and quadratic level effects to be determined within each distillers dried grains (DDG) source. All diets were formulated on an equal standardized ileal digestible (SID) Lys-basis with diets containing HPDDG having less soybean meal than diets with conventional DDGS. Pens were assigned to treatments in a randomized complete block design with initial weight as the blocking factor. There were 27 pigs per pen and 14 pens per treatment. Overall, increasing conventional DDGS decreased (linear, P &amp;lt; 0.04) final body weight (BW), whereas increasing HPDDG tended to decrease (linear, P = 0.065) final BW. The decreased final BW was a result of decreased (linear, P &amp;lt; 0.01) ADG in the grower phase of the study as either DDG source increased. However, there were no differences observed in the finisher phase or overall ADG between pigs fed either DDG source or either inclusion level. Pigs fed HPDDG had decreased (P &amp;lt; 0.001) ADFI and increased (P &amp;lt; 0.001) G:F compared with those fed conventional DDGS. For carcass traits, increasing either conventional DDGS or HPDDG decreased carcass yield and HCW (linear, P &amp;lt; 0.02); however, there were no differences between pigs fed HPDDG or conventional DDGS. Iodine value (IV) increased (linear, P &amp;lt; 0.02) with increasing DDG and was greater (P &amp;lt; 0.001) in pigs fed HPDDG than conventional DDGS. In summary, pigs fed HPDDG had no evidence of difference in overall ADG compared to pigs fed conventional DDGS, but had greater overall G:F. Carcass fat IV was also greater in pigs fed HPDDG compared with pigs fed conventional DDGS. These differences were probably due to the difference in oil content.

Topic: Animal Nutrition and Physiology
Subfield: Animal Science and Zoology
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Effect of Certain Pesticides on Spore Germination and Mycelial Growth of the Entomogenous Fungus Aschersonia aleyrodis

The entomogenous fungus Aschersonia aleyrodis is a promising whitefly and scale insect control agent. Six widely used pesticides were assessed at the recommended concentrations for compatibility in vitro with A. aleyrodis. The effects of these pesticides on spore germination (during )the whole test periods (12, 15, 18, 21 and 24 h) and mycelial growth after 5 days of (incubation) at 25℃ were quantified. Generally, fenpropathrin and propargite had pronounced (adverse) effects on the fungus. These two pesticides either heavily impaired the development of the fungus or strongly inhibited its spore germination at 25℃ and resulted in fungistasis,which indicated that they were mostly incompatible. Imidacloprid, isocarbophos and amitraz had a (stimulating) effect on spore germination and the latter two showed a reversible inhibitory effect on the growth of fungus in the tests. However, carbendazim conducted a temporary stimulatory (performance) on spore germination but performed an inhibitory influence on hyphal development.

Topic: Entomopathogenic Microorganisms in Pest Control
Subfield: Insect Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
A 2D 2 Dot 1 electron Quantum Dot Cellular Automata based logically reversible 2:1 multiplexer

Quantum Dot Cellular Automata (QCA) is an emerging and promising technology. When CMOS technology faces serious challenges, the nanotechnology comes into play. QCA overcomes the limitations of CMOS technology and thus capable of replacing the CMOS technology. This article presents a 2 Dot 1 Electron QCA design methodology of reversible 2 : 1 MUX. In our present scope, we concentrate only on the logical reversibility of the design. Logical reversibility implies a one-to-one mapping between the inputs and the outputs of the construct. To the best of our knowledge, a reversible 2 : 1 MUX design has not been reported yet using 2 Dot 1 Electron QCA.

Topic: Quantum-Dot Cellular Automata
Subfield: Computational Theory and Mathematics
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Spontaneous cytokine production by the cells from peripheral blood, lymph nodes, spleen, thymus and skin in a murine model of acute psoriasis-like dermatitis

Imiquimod-induced model of psoriasis in mice is used for the studies in psoriasis. Imiquimod administered as skin application triggers a complex multi-stage process simulating psoriatic inflammation of the skin, accompanied by changes in production of cytokines. The aim of this work was a comprehensive study of their contents in cell supernatants isolated from skin, blood, from central and peripheral lymphoid organs and the effect of imiquimod on these parameters. Forty-six C57BL/6 mice were divided into two groups: (1) control (n = 22), and (2) experimental (n = 24). Development of experimental pathology was evaluated by van de Fits et al. The mice from experimental group were treated with a cream containing 5% imiquimod (62.5 mg/ cm2/ day/mouse) for 7 days. On the 7th day of experiment, the animals were subject to blood sampling, extraction of spleen, lymph nodes, thymus, and skin biopsies were also made. To obtain cell suspensions, the tissues of spleen, lymph nodes, and thymus were crushed in a homogenizer, and then passed through cell filters (50 mcm pore size). The method of spontaneous migration was used to isolate skin cells. The cultures of blood, spleen, lymph nodes, thymus, and skin cells were incubated for 24 hours in RPMI-1640 followed by assessment of spontaneous cytokine production in supernatants. The cytokine level (IFNγ, IL-1β, IL-5, IL-6, IL-10, IL- 17, TNFα, IL-10) was determined using the murine Th1/Th2/Th17 Panel test system. Our study revealed that the cells isolated from blood and lymphoid organs synthesize increased amounts of pro-inflammatory cytokines: IL-1 and IL-17. The most pronounced changes in the cytokine profile are observed in cell supernatants from blood, skin and spleen cultures.

Topic: Psoriasis: Treatment and Pathogenesis
Subfield: Immunology
Field: Immunology and Microbiology
Domain: Life Sciences
Z-direction motion estimation in 2D&amp;#x002B;depth map based 3D video

3-Dimensional (3D) Video Quality Assessment (VQA) has been an important area for today's researchers along with the growing interest in 3D video. Even though, 2-Dimensional (2D) objective VQA metrics that are widely utilized by researchers in literature, the case is not the same for the 3D video. Therefore, subjective tests, which are inefficient in terms of time and cost are used for the 3D VQA. The VQA metrics are divided into three categories according to the use of the reference signal in the assessment as Full-Reference (FR), Reduced-Reference (RR) or No-Reference (NR). The NR metrics are more efficient compared to the other metrics. In this study, an algorithm that estimates the backward-forward z direction motion of the depth maps in 2D+depth map based 3D videos is proposed. The results indicate that the proposed algorithm is efficient to develop a NR VQA metric in future.

Topic: Advanced Image Processing Techniques
Subfield: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Gender roles, decision-making and challenges to agroforestry adoption in Northwest Vietnam

Consideration of gender aspects is needed to ensure that none of the sexes are marginalized in agroforestry interventions. Globally, women farmers are known to have played significant roles in agroforestry, especially at the early stage of tree establishment and maintenance. However, there is very little documentation about this phenomenon in Vietnam. Based on a household socio-economic baseline survey conducted by the Agroforestry for Livelihoods of Smallholder Farmers (AFLI) project in northwest Vietnam, we examined women’s participation in, and benefits from agroforestry, control and access to productive resources, decision-making, and the factors affecting agroforestry adoption. The study found that the key constraints to agroforestry adoption by both men and women is lack of technical knowledge on agroforestry technologies; however women, predominantly ethnic minorities, have more constraints in adopting agroforestry compared to men. For female headed households, this is due primarily to lack of land and labour, and collateral assets; for women in general, interlinked factors such as lack of knowledge, low educational level, and poor access to extension constrained adoption. The study recommends that agroforestry interventions should (i) promote practices that cater to labour-scarce female headed households; (ii) provide preferential credit access to female headed households; (iii) channel extension support to women’s associations; and (iv) produce extension materials in the local dialect. The lack of attention to gender issues limits agroforestry interventions to deliver benefits for rural households in Northwest Vietnam.

Topic: French Urban and Social Studies
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Technical committees

When the electric field strength around an electrode is high enough, complex ionization processes take place in the air nearby, leading to the discharge phenomena known as corona [1]. The occurrence of discharge, as shown in Figure 1, can cause audible noise (AN), radio frequency interference (RFI), and corona loss (CL) which should be minimized for economic reasons [2–3]. Due to its adverse effects, it becomes an important consideration in the design and operation of ultra-high voltage (UHV) AC and DC transmission lines and other electrical devices [4]. On the other hand, when the discharge occurs, an ionic wind can be formed as air ions are accelerated by the electric field and exchange momentum with neutral air molecules. As there is no noise and in fact no moving parts at all, it offers an attractive method to cool down electronic devices such as the iPad [5–6]. The latest application of air discharge was achieved by MIT engineers who built and flew the first ever plane which was propelled only by the ionic wind instead of fossil fuels [7]. The study of discharge in air can date back to the middle of the 20th century by Meek, Raether, and Loeb [8–9]. However, because of the complexity of this problem, investigation of the discharge mechanism has continued up to the present day [10–12]. As a good understanding of the basic processes involved is essential to utilize or prevent the discharge, especially for the UHV projects which are being built in China, India, and many other countries, it is still of great importance to further investigate the discharge phenomena in air.

Topic: High voltage insulation and dielectric phenomena
Subfield: Materials Chemistry
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
New Competencies-Based Curriculum of Computing in General Basic Education Schools and its Testing in Latvia

As the economy in Latvia and the world develops, there is an increasing need for computer specialists, including in the information technology sector.That means that training of specialists for professional orientation must begin among schoolchildren in the lowest grades.The authors of this paper were involved in developing new computing education content in general basic education schools, also leading working groups to discuss computing studies from the 1 st to the 9 th grade (7-16 years old) and offering full methodological support for each class.The new computing content was supervised carefully as it was successfully tested in 150 pilot schools between 2015 and 2018.It will be introduced at all schools as of September 1, 2020.

Topic: Higher Education Learning Practices
Subfield: Education
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
A Positive Project Outcome: Lessons from a Non-Dominant Government University-Based Program

This article explores factors contributing to a non-dominant collaboration paradigm in a partnership between a government-based international development agency and a university-based non-governmental organization. Anchored in Wood’s and Gray’s collaborative framework, this article describes how the steeply hierarchical partnership navigated the elements of collaboration – organizational autonomy; shared problem domain; interactive processes; shared rules, norms, and structures; and decision making – to produce non-dominant values and practices deriving from negotiated processes, rules, norms, and structures that produced positive collaboration outcomes. In particular, a history of prior mutually beneficial interactions emerges as a critical precondition for achieving a non-dominant collaboration in this case study’s steeply hierarchical organizational relationship, one in which egalitarianism and equal decision-making regarding the agenda and the goals of the collaboration could have been highly constrained.

Topic: Public Policy and Administration Research
Subfield: Public Administration
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Cyber warfare: terms, issues, laws and controversies

Recent years have shown us the importance of cybersecurity. Especially, when the matter is national security, it is even more essential and crucial. Increasing cyber attacks, especially between countries in governmental level, created a new term cyber warfare. Creating some rules and regulations for this kind of war is necessary therefore international justice systems are working on it continuously. In this paper, we mentioned fundamental terms of cybersecurity, cyber capabilities of some countries, some important cyber attacks in near past, and finally, globally applied cyber warfare law for this attacks.

Topic: Cybersecurity and Cyber Warfare Studies
Subfield: Political Science and International Relations
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
The Effect Of Clean Water Product Quality on Customer Satisfaction of Regional Public Water Company Makassar City in Manggala Dictrict

This study aims to determine how much influence the quality of clean water products has on customer satisfaction at the Makassar City Public Water Company in Manggala District. This study uses a quantitative descriptive type of research with data collection techniques through observation, literature study, interviews, questionnaires, and documentation. The sample used in this study is 100 customers. The data of this study were obtained from the results of data processing using the SPSS 25 application which consisted of validity and reliability tests, descriptive data analysis techniques and inferential analysis. The results of this study indicate that the variables of Clean Water Product Quality and Customer Satisfaction at the Regional Public Water Company of Makassar City in Manggala District have a significant influence. This is evidenced by the results of a simple linear regression test and a correlation coefficient test of 0.662, which means that the relationship between the Quality of Clean Water Products and Customer Satisfaction is strong/high. The coefficient of determination was obtained at 0.438, which means that the effect of Clean Water Product Quality on Customer Satisfaction at the Makassar City Public Water Supply Company in Manggala District obtained a value of 43.8% which was included in the medium category interval.

Topic: Employee Performance and Motivation
Subfield: Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management
Field: Business, Management and Accounting
Domain: Social Sciences