jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Trusted host-based card emulation

Near Field Communication (NFC) promises to boost mobile transactions and payments. Indeed, NFC-enabled devices can emulate smartcards, so allowing payments, loyalty programs, card access, transit passes and other custom services, through a mobile phone. Although many modern mobile devices mount a NFC transceiver, card emulation is still a rare feature. The main reason is that the two available card emulation frameworks, namely Card Emulation and Host-based Card Emulation, have known limitations in terms of usability and security (respectively). This paper proposes a novel approach to card emulation called Trusted Host-based Card Emulation (THCE). THCE relies on the Trusted Execution Environment, currently deployed on most of the CPUs for mobile devices, and implements a secure and usable card emulation framework. Through comparisons, we show that THCE overcomes the limitations of the existing solutions. Moreover, we formally verify that the initialization protocol, used to deploy access credentials on a THCE-enabled device, is not vulnerable to known exploits.

Topic: Advanced Authentication Protocols Security
Subfield: Computer Networks and Communications
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Elastic Anomalies in Fe–Al Spin Glasses

The temperature dependence of elastic constants of quenched Fe 1- x Al x ( x =0.26, 0.30 and 0.32) single crystals was measured by a ultrasonic pulse-echo technique from 4.2 K to 300 K under applied magnetic fields. For the ferromagnetic alloy with x =0.26, the Δ E effect was observed in the C 44 mode. The reentrant spin glass alloy with x =0.30 also shows the Δ E effect in C 44 above 90 K, which corresponds to the reentrant spin glass freezing temperature, T f . Below T f the Δ E effect completely disappears, indicating freezing of spins or magnetic clusters. In the spin glass alloy with x =0.32 a slight softening of C 44 was observed around T f determined by magnetization measurements. These observations indicate that the elastic measurement provides an useful experimental method of determining the spin glass freezing temperature, in particular, for reentrant type spin glasses.

Topic: Theoretical and Computational Physics
Subfield: Condensed Matter Physics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Role of Stock Market Efficiency on Stimulating Domestic Financial Investment

AbstractThis research sought to study and analyze the role of the Iraqi stock market in attracting localinvestments at the level of all economic sectors in an attempt to assess the role of efficiency of thatmarket in the possibility of attracting those investments, which is the main step of economic growth inIraq and exit from oil rents and thereby maximizing non-oil revenues as well as assessing theattractiveness of the market to those investments through several indicators addressed and thereforethe research has reached a weak role of the financial market in attracting Attracting domestic savingsand investments to the financial market and thus suggesting that the market is inefficient in attractinginvestment to it in general, as the low value of the volume index to GDP means that the market weightin the national economy is weak, reflecting the low efficiency of its performance and activity.

Topic: Islamic Finance and Banking Studies
Subfield: Accounting
Field: Business, Management and Accounting
Domain: Social Sciences
Numerical simulation of drain lag in HJFETs with a p-buffer layer

Summary form only given. We studied the shielding effect of a partially depleted p-type buffer layer against traps for heterojunction FETs (HJFET). We confirmed a trade-off between the shielding and the drain parasitic capacitance. We also found a new frequency dispersion, which occurs in early stages due to the hole distribution setup time in the p-layer.

Topic: Advancements in Semiconductor Devices and Circuit Design
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Data from High-Dose Fenretinide in Oral Leukoplakia

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;We previously showed that low-dose fenretinide (200 mg/d) had limited activity in retinoid-resistant oral leukoplakia (34% response rate) possibly because serum drug levels were insufficient to induce retinoid receptor–independent apoptosis. Therefore, we designed the single-arm phase II trial reported here to investigate whether higher-dose fenretinide would improve leukoplakia response over that of our previous study. Leukoplakia patients received fenretinide (900 mg/m&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; twice daily) in four 3-week cycles (1 week on drug followed by 2 weeks off). At week 12, clinical responses were determined and blood samples were collected for serum drug level assessments. A planned interim futility analysis led to early trial closure after the initial 15 (of 25 planned) patients because only 3 (20%) had a partial response (stopping rule: ≤4 responses in first 16 patients). Fenretinide was well tolerated—only one grade 3 adverse event (diarrhea) occurred. Serum fenretinide levels changed from 0 (baseline) to 0.122 ± 0.093 μmol/L (week 12). In correlative &lt;i&gt;in vitro&lt;/i&gt; studies, high-dose fenretinide inhibited the growth of head and neck cancer cells more and oral leukoplakia cells less than did lower doses of fenretinide. This result is consistent with our clinical finding that high-dose fenretinide did not improve on the historical response rate of lower-dose fenretinide in our previous oral leukoplakia trial.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

Topic: Retinoids in leukemia and cellular processes
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Pulse Methylprednisolone in Rheumatoid Arthritis

Ten patients with rheumatoid arthritis unresponsive to conventional therapy participated in a double-blind cross-over trial in which they randomly received either a "pulse" or 1 g of methylprednisolone or placebo, intravenously, once a month for 6 months. Both the drug-first and placebo-first groups had the same mean American Rheumatism Association functional classification, 2.5. During the study patients on methylprednisolone "pulses," compared to placebo, showed significantly better mean tender-joint counts, walking times, and grip strength (p < 0.05). The drug-treated patients also had significantly lower levels of immune complexes (p < 0.01) and IgG (p < 0.01). Effects could still be measured an average of 2.9 +/- 0.4 months after the last dose of methylprednisolone. No significant side effects were noted during the therapy. Despite these findings, "pulse" methylprednisolone did not appear to significantly retard radiologic progression of the arthritis.

Topic: Rheumatoid Arthritis Research and Therapies
Subfield: Rheumatology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Telling Our Service-Learning Story: Instructor Perspectives on Service-Learning in the Leadership Classroom

This phenomenological study examined the experiences of ten college instructors who use service-learning in the undergraduate leadership classroom. Since leadership is often a service-learning outcome for students (Bringle &amp; Hatcher, 1996; Eyler &amp; Giles, 1999; Pascarella &amp; Terenzini, 2005), service-learning is regarded by many instructors as an appropriate pedagogical approach in leadership classes (Rama, Ravenscroft, Wolcott, &amp; Zlotkowski, 2000; Zlotkowski, 1996). Thus, the focus on instructors of undergraduate leadership courses. The current study employed a phenomenological approach in order to deeply explore instructor experiences. The goal of this exploration was that instructor experiences and the meaning they make from those experiences—their perspectives—will be better understood. The bulk of research on service-learning to date has focused on student outcomes and experiences (Eyler &amp; Giles, 1999; Pascarella &amp; Terenzini, 2005). The important role played by faculty is acknowledged but not well explored. Knowing that the decisions made by instructors about the use (or not) of service-learning and the way in which it is approached can impact student outcomes and experiences, it is important to better understand the experiences of instructors. Understanding instructor experiences with service-learning, and the meaning they make from those experiences, can shed light on the decisions instructors make about whether to use service-learning, what kinds of service-learning strategies to use, and what expectations they have for the outcomes of service-learning relative to their classes and students. Findings from this study indicate that the experiences of leadership educators relative to service learning are closely linked to their perspectives on leadership and to the experiences of their students. Ultimately, instructors who use service-learning to help students learn about leadership find that they themselves gain leadership experiences and their own ideas about leadership are impacted.

Topic: Service-Learning and Community Engagement
Subfield: Education
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
LHD Langmuir8 #164457.1

Langmuir probes on divertor plates to investigate divertor plasma parameters and fluctuation characteristics of ion flux near the divertor plates. Total 400 Langmuir probes embedded on 20 divertor plates on each of which 20 electrodes are aligned every 6 mm. Sweeping and sampling frequency is normally 250 kHz.

Topic: Cystic Fibrosis Research Advances
Subfield: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
photo-iss014e15136

ISS014-E-15136 (26 Feb. 2007) --- Astronaut Sunita L. Williams, Expedition 14 flight engineer, performs maintenance work on the Treadmill Vibration Isolation System (TVIS) during routine in-flight maintenance (IFM) in the Zvezda Service Module of the International Space Station.

Topic: Magnetic confinement fusion research
Subfield: Nuclear and High Energy Physics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
The Analysis of 18th Century Glass Trade Beads from Fort Niagara: Insight into Compositional Variation and Manufacturing Techniques

An assemblage of 445 archaeological glass trade beads excavated from Old Fort Niagara, Youngstown, New York in 2007 were analyzed to determine their manufacturing technology and elemental composition. Analytical techniques included reflected light microscopy, handheld X-ray fluorescence (XRF), and scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS). Optical microscopy revealed the manufacturing technology of the beads and uncovered discrepancies between the current method of visual identification for bead type and color and the structures and colors revealed through scientific analysis. Elemental analysis revealed a new turquoise blue bead composition.

Topic: Cultural Heritage Materials Analysis
Subfield: Archeology
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Metropolitanization, civic capacity and metropolitan governance: Ireland in the metropolitan century

The dynamics and politics of metropolitanization in Ireland have received limited attention, attributed in part to Ireland's historic culturally embedded urban–rural divide. The publication of the National Planning Framework (2018) demonstrates an effort by the Irish government to centre spatial thinking on Ireland's five major cities. However, despite evidence of enhanced civic engagement, the Irish case demonstrates the challenges of creating a metropolitan state-space in a country with a traditionally strong rural identity. Drawing on Nelles' concept of civic capital and the importance of mobilizing a metropolitan identity, in this paper we draw attention to four factors that constrain the formation of the metropolitan civic identity necessary for spatial planning efforts to succeed: the lack of an urban identity, discordant temporalities, the absence of key enablers and misaligned governance structures. Our study adopts an exploratory research design using critical discourse analysis of key documents, participant observation, semi-structured interviews and survey methodology to further the understanding of metropolitanization processes, provide insights into alternative forms of metropolitan governance and discuss the limits of civic capital. We conclude that it is critical to understand the nature of the state in order to understand the accumulation (or not) of metropolitan civic capital.

Topic: Urban Planning and Governance
Subfield: Urban Studies
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Evidence of a Natural Hybrid Oomycete Isolated from Ornamental Nursery Stock

The oomycete genus Phytophthora includes many plant pathogens important in agricultural and environmental systems. Natural interspecific hybridization has been reported several times in Phytophthora, and although the fundamental processes of interspecific hybridization and the consequences of subsequent ecological distribution are poorly understood, reports suggest some hybrids can infect a broader host range and display enhanced virulence compared to the putative parental species. During a survey carried out at the University of Aberdeen in 2014–2015, of oomycetes present in ornamental plants purchased via the internet, a batch of oomycete isolates remained unidentified, showing, in some isolates, features generally related to hybridization. The aim of this study was to determine whether hybridization events had occurred between endemic and introduced oomycetes, probably/possibly facilitated through the international plant trade. The list of isolates examined included a putative hybrid closely related to Phytophthora cryptogea. The putative hybrid isolate was further characterized, and pathogenicity were tests carried out on Eucalyptus globulus, using an isolate of P. cryptogea as a positive control. Cloning of ITS, COXI and β-tubulin genes resulted in different sequence versions of the putative hybrid isolate; after mapping and a polymorphism position comparison, it was concluded that the studied isolate contained genetic information from P. cryptogea, P. erythroseptica, P. kelmanii, P. sansomeana and Phytopythium chamaehyphon. A PCR-RFLP assay, a NEBcutter analysis and flow cytometry analysis (genomes ranged between 0.168 to 0.269 pg/2C) added further evidence of the hybrid nature of this isolate. The putative hybrid presented complex growing patterns ranging from rosaceous to chrysanthemum-like and had an optimum growth temperature of 25 °C. Although the putative hybrid produced visible symptoms of disease on E. globulus seedlings, assessment of the relative susceptibility of E. globulus to P. cryptogea and the putative hybrid indicated that P. cryptogea was significantly more virulent than the putative hybrid, based on mortality, disease severity and foliar symptoms.

Topic: Plant Pathogens and Resistance
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Empowering Nurses With Evidence-Based Practice Environments: Surveying Magnet R

Background: Nurses have an essential role in implementing evidence-based practices (EBP) that contribute to high-quality outcomes. It remains unknown how healthcare facilities can increase nurse engagement in EBP. Purpose: To determine whether individual or organizational qualities could be identified that were related to registered nurses' (RNs') readiness for EBP as measured by their reported EBP barriers, ability, desire, and frequency of behaviors. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional survey was used in which a convenience sample of 2,441 nurses within one United States healthcare system completed a modified version of the Infor- mation Literacy for Evidence-Based Nursing questionnaire. Descriptive statistics, t tests, one-way ANOVA, and regression modeling were used to analyze the data. Results: RNs employed by facilities designated by the American Nurses Credentialing Center (ANCC) as Magnet R � or Pathway to Excellence R � reported significantly fewer barriers to EBP than those RNs employed by non designated facilities. RNs in Magnet organizations had higher desire for EBP than Pathway to Excellence or non designated facilities. RNs educated at the baccalaureate level or higher reported significantly fewer barriers to EBP than nurses with less education; they also had higher EBP ability, desire, and frequency of behaviors. A predictive model found higher EBP readiness scores among RNs who participated in research, had specialty certifications, and engaged in a clinical career development program. Linking Evidence to Action: Education, research, and certification standards promoted by the Magnet program may provide a nursing workforce that is better prepared for EBP. Organiza- tions should continue structural supports that increase professional development and research opportunities so nurses are empowered to practice at their full capacity.

Topic: Health Sciences Research and Education
Subfield: General Health Professions
Field: Health Professions
Domain: Health Sciences
GPU-Powered High-Performance Computing for the Analysis of Large-Scale Structures Based on OpenSees

Numerical simulations using various finite element (FE) software packages have been widely adopted to investigate the seismic performance of large-scale important structures, such as super-tall buildings and large-span bridges. Among these FE software packages, Open System for Earthquake Engineering Simulation (OpenSees), as an open-source FE software program, has increasingly become one of the most influential packages. However, the computational efficiency of the solvers for linear systems of equations (SOE) in OpenSees, which use the direct method, cannot satisfy the demand for numerical simulation of large-scale structures. Consequently, two new parallel-iterative solvers for the sparse SOE are proposed and implemented in OpenSees, based on two graphics processing unit (GPU)-based libraries, CuSP and CulaSparse. The time history analysis of a 141.8 m frame-core tube building and a super-tall building (the Shanghai Tower with a height of 632 m) are performed using the proposed solvers. The speed-up ratio of the proposed solvers is up to 9 to 15, with high accuracy in results when compared with the efficiency of the existing central processing unit (CPU)-based SparseSYM solver in OpenSees. This research outcome can provide an effective computing technology for the numerical analysis of the seismic behavior of large-scale structures.

Topic: Seismic Performance and Analysis
Subfield: Civil and Structural Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Symmetric products of the line: Embeddings and retractions

The n-th symmetric product of a metric space is the set of its nonempty\nsubsets with cardinality at most n, equipped with the Hausdorff metric. We\nprove that every symmetric product of the line is an absolute Lipschitz retract\nand admits a bi-Lipschitz embedding into a Euclidean space of sufficiently high\ndimension.\n

Topic: Point processes and geometric inequalities
Subfield: Applied Mathematics
Field: Mathematics
Domain: Physical Sciences
Photon and phonon coupling by electrostrictive forces in photonic crystal fiber

We demonstrate that the acoustic phonons involved in stimulated Brillouin scattering (both forward and backward) in optical fibers can be completely described by using electrostrictive forces. Numerical calculations for photonic crystal fiber illustrate the model.

Topic: Mechanical and Optical Resonators
Subfield: Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Influence of Pressure on Chemical Equilibria in Aqueous Systems - with Particular Reference to Seawater

Abstract Synopsis : The influence of pressure on chemical equilibria in aqueous solutions and the parameters that influence such equilibria are reviewed in this work. Particular emphasis is given to equilibria in seawater, including mineral dissolution, weak acid dissociation and metal ion complexation. Intended perspectives include the capabilities of predictive models to describe chemical equilibria in low temperature geochemical systems and the extent to which predictive models are constrained by direct observations. In context of the importance of pressure as a key variable controlling the pathways and fate of environmental chemicals, a need for further direct observations of chemical equilibria at high pressure, under conditions which are often challenging to the experimentalist, is evident.

Topic: Hydrocarbon exploration and reservoir analysis
Subfield: Mechanics of Materials
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
LHD LHDGAUSS_RAY_MWRM1 #175511.1 (analyzed)

Ray trajectories for microwave reflectometry (mwrm) at set1 point obtained using ray-tracing code LHDGauss.

Topic: Plant and fungal interactions
Subfield: Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
[Miga30] VV.AA "Integral"

Integral: Every single part of the whole / Which is in its composition, but not being essential, so the whole can still survive -although incomplete-without it. This is what represents this third and last part of out trilogy, the importance of the individual and its interaction to create a whole. The need of diversity we are living in, inside a global world plane and monotonous, where proposals out of the market rules are taking once even less space. So thanks again for the collaboration from a big group of artists who aimed to offer the best of themselves to create this two volumes for [Miga30] "Integral". With them we just want to keep offering the music we like.

Topic: Potato Plant Research
Subfield: Food Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
The paleohistory of California oaks

Oak woodlands are a fixture of California geography, yet as recently as 10,000 years ago oaks were only a minor element in the landscape. The first fossil evidence for California's oaks is in the early Miocene (~20 million years ago) when oaks were present across the west, intermixed with deciduous trees typical of eastern North America. As climate became drier, species dependent upon summer precipitation went locally extinct and oaks retreated west of the Sierra Nevada. During the Pleistocene (the last 2 million years) oak abundance declined during cool glacial periods and expanded during warm interglacials. After the last glacial maximum (~18,000 years ago), oaks expanded rapidly to become the dominant trees in the Coast Ranges, Sierra Nevada foothills, and Peninsular Ranges. During the Holocene (the last 10,000 years) oaks in the Sierra Nevada were most abundant during a warm dry period between 8000 and 6000 years ago. Native American use of fire to manipulate plants for food, basketry, tools, and other uses helped maintain oak woodlands and reduce expansion of conifers where these forest types overlapped. Fire suppression, initiated by the Spanish and reinforced during the American period has allowed oak woodland density to increase in some areas in the Coast Range, but has decreased oaks where pines are dominant. Extensive cutting of oaks has reduced their populations throughout much of the state.

Topic: Rangeland and Wildlife Management
Subfield: Ecology
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences