jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Chemical composition, antioxidant potential and cyto-protecting activity of essential oil of Liriodendron tulipifera L. leaves

Objectives : The present study was under taken to characterize chemical composition, antioxidant and cyto-protecting capacity of essential oil obtained from leaves of Liriodendron tulipifera L. Methods : Essential oil from the leafof L. tulipifera L. (EOLL) was extracted by hydro-distillation process and further its chemical composition was evaluated by GC-MS analysis. The in vitro antioxidant potential of the EOLL was determined by DPPH <sup>●</sup>, ABTS <sup>●+</sup>, superoxide and nitric oxide free radical scavenging activity using different concentrations in the range of 50-800 μg/mL. In addition, cyto-protecting property of the EOLLwas determined by MTT assay on Raw 264.7 macrophage cells challenged with hydrogen peroxide (H <sub>2</sub> O <sub>2</sub> ). Results : The result of GC-MS analysis showed presence of 34 volatile compounds, principally germacrene D, spathulenol, and α -cadinol in EOLL. The in vitro antioxidant assays of EOLL at the highest used concentration of 800 μg/mL showed 81.62, 84.29, 83.59 and 58.59% inhibition of DPPH <sup>●</sup>, ABTS <sup>●+</sup>, superoxide, and nitric oxide radicals, respectively. It also showed ferric reducing ability with 1310.04 mM Fe (II)/g of essential oil. The EOLL at three different concentrations (200, 400 and 800 μg/mL) protected the cells from H <sub>2</sub> O <sub>2</sub> -induced cell damage through scavenging intracellular ROS. Conclusion : The findings from the study suggest that essential oil isolated from leaves of L tulipifera L. is a potent sources of natural antioxidants, which could be used to treat the diseases associated with oxidative stress condition.

Topic: Phytochemistry and Biological Activities
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Attitudes of Youth Toward Reading Before and After a Motivational Project

As part of an evaluation project assessing the impact of a specific reading motivation program in 30 schools (20 elementary, 10 middle), a longitudinal study of student reading attitudes was conducted using the nationally-tested Elementary Reading Attitude Survey instrument. The instrument tested both attitudes toward recreational reading and school reading. The results have implications for types o reading programs as well as book access and use of libraries.

Topic: Reading and Literacy Development
Subfield: Developmental and Educational Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Watergate Endings and Initiations

Traditional autobiographical endings serve as "touchstones" for evaluating a group of Watergate autobiographies whose endings demonstrate a persistent confusion of tone and value. The language of moral reclamation in the Watergate endings constructs a psychological melodrama in which the protagonist is more victim than master of irony.

Topic: Narrative Theory and Analysis
Subfield: Literature and Literary Theory
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Free Indirect Discourse in Mrs. Dalloway: An Analysis of the Translation Strategies and Interpretive Possibilities in Three Dutch Translations

This thesis will explore the stylistic device free indirect discourse (FID) and what effect different translation strategies of FID have on translations. The research material will be Virginia Woolf’s novel Mrs. Dalloway and its three translations into Dutch. The purpose of this investigation is to describe and compare the different translation strategies used to translate FID in order to get a closer look at what effects different translation strategies can have on the interpretive possibilities that the target text offers.

Topic: Translation Studies and Practices
Subfield: Language and Linguistics
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
The role of thiol antioxidants in restoring mitochondrial functions modified by microbial metabolites

The effects of phenolic acids of microbial origin on mitochondrial functions and the possibility of removing their effects by thiol antioxidants dithiotreitol and N-acethylcysteine were studied. The action of some phenolic acids on the redox state of NADH, the membrane potential and calcium capacity of mitochondria is due to their interaction with thiol groups. The partial restoration of mitochondrial functions occurred in the presence of dithiotreitol and N-acethylcysteine, the full recovery (short-term duration) was promoted by the combined action of dithiotreitol and menadione (vitamin K3). It was found that the protective effect of thiol antioxidants became prooxidant one, if the medium contained free iron and compounds with a quinone structure, capable of entering into a redox cycle with thiols. It is shown that the interaction of thiols with iron and menadione is accompanied by absorption of oxygen to form superoxide anion. Prooxidant effect of thiol antioxidants may explain the absence of the protective effect at the later stages of sepsis and systemic inflammatory syndrome.

Topic: Vitamin C and Antioxidants Research
Subfield: Nutrition and Dietetics
Field: Nursing
Domain: Health Sciences
Complications of neck dissection at a tertiary level hospital: study of 30 cases.

Metastatic dissemination into lymph nodes of neck occurs frequently in head neck cancers which down grade the patient's curability and survival. Neck dissection is a curable option for its management. To evaluate the complications following different types of neck dissection. This cross sectional study was conducted among patients undergone different types of neck dissection due to cervical nodal metastasis and attended follow up during July 2010 to June 2011 in Department of ENTs and Head-Neck surgery Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh. Among 30 selected patient, 23 were male (76.67%) and 7 were female (23.33%), age ranged from 31-72 years (Mean=59.1±5.44). In different modalities of neck dissection 11 were modified neck dissection (36.67%) and 10(33.33%) were radical neck dissection. Common indication was carcinoma of unknown origin (66.67%). Involved neck nodes were commonly level II-IV (69.99%). Nodal stage was N2(50%) and N3 (40%).Common immediate complications were bleeding 03(10%), facial oedema 02 (6.67%) and thoracic duct injury 02(6.67%). Intermediate complications were seroma 05(16.67%), wound infection 04(13.33%) and chylous fistula 02(6.67%), Late Complications were hypertrophic scar 07(23.33%) and shoulder syndrome 06(20%). Proper indications, skilled surgery along with early recognize and treatment in both early and late manifestations of neck dissection preventing its grave sequence.

Topic: Head and Neck Cancer Studies
Subfield: Otorhinolaryngology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Choosing the right biologic treatment for moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis: the impact of comorbidities

Some of the biological treatments can influence comorbidities, in some cases even improving them. Therefore, comorbidities are a key factor when deciding on one biological treatment over another. The development of new drugs is expanding the therapeutic arsenal for psoriasis. A high level of expertise in the field with a detailed knowledge of the characteristics of every drug is imperative to provide personalized medicine.

Topic: Psoriasis: Treatment and Pathogenesis
Subfield: Immunology
Field: Immunology and Microbiology
Domain: Life Sciences
Adaptive Design for Colocated MIMO Radar Beamspace Localization

The angle estimation in the presence of interfering sources is an important problem for colocated MIMO radar. In this paper, we design the beamspace transformation matrix to adaptively filter out the interferences in the received signals by assuming that the angular sector covering the target directions is known. To tackle the nonconvex optimization problem encountered in the design, an iterative algorithm based on alternating direction method of multipliers is proposed. Compared with the existing data-adaptive beamspace design algorithm, the beampattern associated with the proposed algorithm achieves a smoother mainlobe and lower sidelobes. Moreover, the designed transformation matrix can maintain the spatial whiteness of the transformed noise, which is important for many angle estimation algorithms. Numerical examples show that the proposed algorithm achieves a higher localization accuracy in the low signal-to-noise ratio region.

Topic: Radar Systems and Signal Processing
Subfield: Aerospace Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
The Struggle for Responsible Government in the North-West Territories, 1870–97. By Lewis Herbert Thomas. (Toronto: University of Toronto Press. 1956. Pp. vii, 276. $5.00.)

An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content.

Topic: Canadian Identity and History
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Engineering a Pseudo-26-kDa Schistosoma Glutathione Transferase from bovis/haematobium for Structure, Kinetics, and Ligandin Studies

Glutathione transferases (GSTs) are the main detoxification enzymes in schistosomes. These parasitic enzymes tend to be upregulated during drug treatment, with Schistosoma haematobium being one of the species that mainly affect humans. There is a lack of complete sequence information on the closely related bovis and haematobium 26-kDa GST isoforms in any database. Consequently, we engineered a pseudo-26-kDa S. bovis/haematobium GST (Sbh26GST) to understand structure–function relations and ligandin activity towards selected potential ligands. Sbh26GST was overexpressed in Escherichia coli as an MBP-fusion protein, purified to homogeneity and catalyzed 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene-glutathione (CDNB-GSH) conjugation activity, with a specific activity of 13 μmol/min/mg. This activity decreased by ~95% in the presence of bromosulfophthalein (BSP), which showed an IC50 of 27 µM. Additionally, enzyme kinetics revealed that BSP acts as a non-competitive inhibitor relative to GSH. Spectroscopic studies affirmed that Sbh26GST adopts the canonical GST structure, which is predominantly α-helical. Further extrinsic 8-anilino-1-naphthalenesulfonate (ANS) spectroscopy illustrated that BSP, praziquantel (PZQ), and artemisinin (ART) might preferentially bind at the dimer interface or in proximity to the hydrophobic substrate-binding site of the enzyme. The Sbh26GST-BSP interaction is both enthalpically and entropically driven, with a stoichiometry of one BSP molecule per Sbh26GST dimer. Enzyme stability appeared enhanced in the presence of BSP and GSH. Induced fit ligand docking affirmed the spectroscopic, thermodynamic, and molecular modelling results. In conclusion, BSP is a potent inhibitor of Sbh26GST and could potentially be rationalized as a treatment for schistosomiasis.

Topic: Parasites and Host Interactions
Subfield: Parasitology
Field: Immunology and Microbiology
Domain: Life Sciences
Effects of high altitude on plasma concentrations of testosterone and pituitary gonadotropins in man.

Ten healthy male volunteers were rapidly taken to the top of Pike's Peak, altitude 14,100 ft (4,300 m) where they remained at the research station for 6 d. There were no significant changes, compared to their values at sea-level, in the plasma concentrations of testosterone, FSH, and LH during this period. There was a highly significant direct correlation between individual changes in testosterone and the gonadotropins on Day 1. Our data provide no evidence for an acute effect of high-altitude per se on the secretion of testosterone and the pituitary gonadotropins.

Topic: High Altitude and Hypoxia
Subfield: Genetics
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Impact of Artificially Induced Respiratory Deficient Yeast on Beer Flavor and Fermentation

Respiratory deficient cells or “petites” are the most common type of mutation found in brewing yeast. High levels of petites are known to contribute to unwanted flavors in beer along with yeast flocculation problems during fermentation. However, a minimal amount is known regarding the impact of petites when present at naturally occurring frequencies. Accordingly, this study investigated if petites, which are present at low frequencies, affect beer flavor and fermentation profiles. Laboratory [20 mL] fermentations were undertaken with yeast that contained a range of petite populations 3.7, 5.1, 8.7, and 10.8%. During fermentation, the yeast in suspension, wort density, and alcohol were monitored. At the end of the fermentation, the beer was analyzed for volatile flavor compounds. Correlations between petite levels and levels of vicinal diketones, acetate esters, and medium chain fatty acid (MCFA) ethyl esters existed. Higher alcohol levels were unchanged (propan-1-ol, 3-methyl butanol, 2-methyl butanol, and isobutanol) with increasing levels of petite concentrations. Similarly, the yeast in suspension behavior and the change in wort density attenuation between the control and petite enriched fermentations were not significantly different (<i>P</i> &gt; 0.05). This study suggests that low concentrations of petites in the pitched yeast would not be detectable in the final product characteristics.

Topic: Fermentation and Sensory Analysis
Subfield: Food Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
The Expression of Heat Shock Protein 60 kDa in Tissues and Cell Lines of Breast Cancer

Purpose: Breast cancer has been reported as the most common cancer of women in the United States, Western Europe and Korea and about 210,000 and 10,000 women in United States and Korea every year, respectively are diagnosed with it. Breast cancer is curable with an early diagnosis, and many researchers have made efforts to find a marker for this malady, heat shock protein (HSP) consists of 6 groups, it is highly preserved throughout both the prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells and it acts as a molecular chaperone that’s involved in protein folding. HSPs have been recently reported to be related with breast cancer. In this study, we investigated the changes of expression of HSP60 in tissues and cell lines of breast cancer. Methods: We obtained breast cancer tissues and normal tissues from breast cancer patients, and we purchased several cancer cell lines from American tissue culture correction. We treated the tissues and the cell lines of human breast cancer with heat shock protein. Proteins and mRNAs were isolated from the tissues and the cells and then we performed Western blotting, reverse transcriptase-Polymerase chain Reaction and fluorescence activated cell sorter analysis on them. Results: On Western blot, HSP60 was more overexpressed in the tissues and the cell lines of breast cancer than in the normal breast tissues and cell lines. The expression of HSP60 showed 2 types of molecular weight differences in the tissues and cell lines of breast cancer, and specifically, low HSP60 was over-expressed in the cancer tissues. There was no difference between the breast cancer cell lines and the normal cell lines in the expressions of HSP60 mRNA, according to the treatment with heat shock. Also, there was no relationship between phosphorylation and the structural difference of HSP60 protein, according to HSP60 protein’s molecular weight. The expression of HSP60 has been mostly reported at the mitochondria; however, in this study, it was more predominantly detected at the cytoplasm than at the mitochondria in the breast cancer cell lines. Conclusion: We conclude that HSP60 may be used as a diagnostic marker for breast cancer. Detailed investigation of the usefulness and significance of the HSP60 expression as a prognostic factor is required in further studies.

Topic: Heat shock proteins research
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
In Vaccination; What Does Cost-Effectiveness Mean Practically?

General considerations: There are different assessment methods for examining the economic cost of administering a vaccine (or other health practices, or treatment).From the point of view of vaccination, (e.g. in the implementation of a vaccination program), in the decision-making process for the country; pharmacoeconomic and cost analysis techniques are commonly used to assist in allocating limited resources efficiently and/or identifying priority approaches.Cost analysis techniques can guide healthcare providers and policy makers in making informed choices about efficient use of resources and health planning.There are different evaluation approaches for cost analysis.In this article, as a basis for the question, cost-utility, cost-benefit, cost-effectiveness analyzes will be briefly mentioned, as well as the concepts of disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) and quality-adjusted life years (QALYs), on the basis of vaccination.These terms and/or analysis may be confused, may have similarities, but there are differences between them.

Topic: Vaccine Coverage and Hesitancy
Subfield: Health
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
612 Global Campaign Promotional Clip V6

Promotional clip for 612 兩週年全球聲援香港企劃 - 美西三藩市集會 | JUN 12 GLOBAL CAMPAIGN FOR HONG KONG 2021 - SAN FRANCISCO (USA) RALLY

Topic: Magnetic confinement fusion research
Subfield: Nuclear and High Energy Physics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
A Brief Review of Pre-Clinical and Clinical Researches on Vacha (Acorus calamus Linn.)

Vacha (Acorus calamus Linn.) is a useful medicinal plant which gives benefit in different fields of medicines. This herb is generally used from the Ancient and Vedic periods due to its wonderful power of rejuvenation of brain, nervous system and normalizing the appetite. Vacha leaves and rhizomes have been used medicinally against different ailments such as fever, asthma, bronchitis, cough and mainly for digestive problems such as gas, bloating, colic, and poor digestive function. Acorus calamus has many wide varieties which were used in different studies possesses antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antidiarrheal, antiulcer, antispasmodic, immunosuppressant and mitogen inhibitor activity. They were also used in the treatment of simple diseases such as stomach cramps, toothache, colic, fever, throat irritation, and cough and also in the treatment of the severe diseases like nephropathy, chronic diarrhea, tumors and epilepsy. Some research works has been published on the beneficial effects of this drug. Hence in present study an attempt has been made and review work has been carried out on various therapeutic aspect of Acorus calamus.

Topic: Medicinal Plants and Neuroprotection
Subfield: Complementary and alternative medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Efficient Nonnegative Tucker Decompositions: Algorithms and Uniqueness

Nonnegative Tucker decomposition (NTD) is a powerful tool for the extraction of nonnegative parts-based and physically meaningful latent components from high-dimensional tensor data while preserving the natural multilinear structure of data. However, as the data tensor often has multiple modes and is large scale, the existing NTD algorithms suffer from a very high computational complexity in terms of both storage and computation time, which has been one major obstacle for practical applications of NTD. To overcome these disadvantages, we show how low (multilinear) rank approximation (LRA) of tensors is able to significantly simplify the computation of the gradients of the cost function, upon which a family of efficient first-order NTD algorithms are developed. Besides dramatically reducing the storage complexity and running time, the new algorithms are quite flexible and robust to noise, because any well-established LRA approaches can be applied. We also show how nonnegativity incorporating sparsity substantially improves the uniqueness property and partially alleviates the curse of dimensionality of the Tucker decompositions. Simulation results on synthetic and real-world data justify the validity and high efficiency of the proposed NTD algorithms.

Topic: Tensor decomposition and applications
Subfield: Computational Mathematics
Field: Mathematics
Domain: Physical Sciences
Purification and Properties of Beef Liver D-Glycerate Dehydrogenase*

Journal Article Purification and Properties of Beef Liver D-Glycerate Dehydrogenase Get access Etsuro SUGIMOTO, Etsuro SUGIMOTO The Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyoto UniversityKyoto Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Yasuo KITAGAWA, Yasuo KITAGAWA The Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyoto UniversityKyoto Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Kazuo NAKANISHI, Kazuo NAKANISHI The Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyoto UniversityKyoto Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Hideo CHIBA Hideo CHIBA The Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyoto UniversityKyoto Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar The Journal of Biochemistry, Volume 72, Issue 6, December 1972, Pages 1307–1315, https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.jbchem.a130024 Published: 01 December 1972 Article history Received: 26 February 1972 Published: 01 December 1972

Topic: Diet, Metabolism, and Disease
Subfield: Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
A survey to determine the prevalence of <i><scp>T</scp>heileria</i> spp. in beef cattle in the northern tablelands of <scp>New S</scp>outh <scp>W</scp>ales

Objective To estimate the within and between herd prevalences for T heileria orientalis in beef herds in the eastern section of the N ew E ngland L ivestock H ealth and P est A uthority. Design Stratified random survey. Methods From each of 46 randomly selected beef cattle herds, 10 cattle were randomly selected and blood sampled. Packed cell volumes ( PCV ) were calculated and the number of T heileria organisms in blood smears was counted. Within‐herd results were grouped into zero, low, medium or high prevalence based on the number of positive smears. A questionnaire was completed by the farmer at the time of sampling and responses to variables such as farm location and management strategies were compared with the laboratory findings. Results T heileria species at varied levels on smears were found in 33 of the 46 herds sampled, which gave a herd prevalence of 72% for this study. Approximately 18% of herds were in the medium or high prevalence group. Half of the properties reported tick activity and 70% of those used tick control. Conclusions The 72% herd prevalence of T heileria spp. found in this study shows that infection is widespread in beef herds in the northern tablelands of N ew S outh W ales. Although 82% of the sampled herds had low or zero within‐herd prevalence estimates, a significant number of herds had medium or high levels of T heileria . The risk factor questionnaire has provided some associations, such as the link between tick treatment and T heileria detection, that require more targeted studies.

Topic: Vector-borne infectious diseases
Subfield: Parasitology
Field: Immunology and Microbiology
Domain: Life Sciences