jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
XFEL Cryomodule Transportation: from the Assembly Laboratory in CEA-Saclay (France) to the Test-Hall in DESY-Hamburg (Germany)

The one hundred, 12 m long XFEL 1.3 GHz cryomodules are assembled at CEA Saclay (F) and have therefore to be transported, fully assembled, to the installation site in DESY Hamburg (D). Various studies and tests have been performed to assess and minimize the risk of damages during transport; a new transport frame and a specialised company are being used for the series transport. This paper resumes the studies performed, describes the final configuration adopted for the series transport and the results obtained for the first XFEL modules.

Topic: Superconducting Materials and Applications
Subfield: Biomedical Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Diabetes of the exocrine pancreas

Abstract Diabetes of the exocrine pancreas (DEP) is a form of diabetes that occurs due to pancreatic disease. It is far more common than has been previously considered, with a recent study showing 1.8% of adults with new‐onset diabetes should have been classified as DEP. The majority is misdiagnosed as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Patients with DEP exhibit varying degrees of exocrine and endocrine dysfunction. Damage to the islet of Langerhans effects the secretion of hormones from the β, α, and pancreatic polypeptide cells; the combination of low insulin, glucagon, and pancreatic polypeptide contributes to rapid fluctuations in glucose levels. This form of “brittle diabetes” may result in the poorer glycemic control observed in patients with DEP, when compared with those with T2DM. Diabetes of the exocrine pancreas has a different natural history to other forms of diabetes; patients are more likely to require early insulin initiation compared with those with T2DM. Therefore, individuals with DEP should be advised about the symptoms of decompensated hyperglycemia, although they are less likely to develop ketoacidosis. Clinicians should screen for DEP in patients with acute or chronic pancreatitis, following pancreatic resection, or with co‐existing cystic fibrosis or hemochromatosis. Incident diabetes may herald the onset of pancreatic ductal carcinoma in a small subset of patients. Once identified, patients with DEP can benefit from specific lifestyle advice, pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy, metformin treatment, appropriate insulin dosing, and monitoring. Further research is needed to establish the ideal treatment regimens to provide optimal clinical outcomes for this unique form of diabetes.

Topic: Pancreatitis Pathology and Treatment
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Springing a surprise

Yet another southern state where a state party did well was Telangana though it was not an outright win for the TRS. Sensing the uncertainty of the outcome, the TRS leader and the incumbent chief minister KC Rao was prudent enough to get the assembly elections preponed to ward off the BJP challenge. As it turned out, the voters did make a clear distinction between the national and state election and showed an inclination to vote for the national parties in the Lok Sabha election while going for the TRS in the assembly election.

Topic: South Asian Studies and Conflicts
Subfield: Political Science and International Relations
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Evaluating the Effectiveness of the How to Talk to Your Doctor HANDbook Program

Background: Millions of Americans have low health literacy, potentially leading to a number of issues including medication errors, hospital admissions, unnecessary emergency department visits, skipped screenings and shots, and misinterpretation of treatment plans. People with low health literacy have less knowledge of illness management, less ability to share in decision-making, and poorer self-reported health status. Addressing health literacy is necessary to improve health care quality, reduce costs, and reduce disparities. Objective: The How to Talk to Your Doctor (HTTTYD) HANDbook Program addresses health literacy among rural participants who have low incomes, with a focus on improving health communication among populations that are medically vulnerable by using the HANDbook tool. Methods: Participants were recruited from 55 rural counties by county extension agents (CEA) to participate in the 1-hour HTTTYD session. Pre- and post-test surveys were completed. A subset of the sample completed a 3-month follow-up survey. Key Results: Of the 548 participants who fully completed the survey, a Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test was performed on 484 of the participants who completed both the pre- and post-test. A statistically significant median increase in overall confidence among the participants from pre- ( M = 15.99) to post-test ( M = 17.76), ( z = 13.454, p = .000), was noted. A subset of 166 participants also completed the 3-month follow-up survey. A significant increase in health literacy after participation in the HTTTYD HANDbook program from pre-test to 3-month follow-up was noted; effect sizes ranged from moderate to large. Conclusion: The HTTTYD HANDbook program meets recommendations for successful health literacy programs; significant positive outcomes demonstrate program effectiveness. HTTTYD HANDbook program delivery in rural communities by CEAs demonstrates access to understudied and often difficult-to-reach populations. [ HLRP: Health Literacy Research and Practice . 2019;3(2):e103–e109.] Plain Language Summary: The How to Talk to Your Doctor HANDbook program delivered by county extension agents in rural communities showed capacity to access understudied and often difficult-to-reach populations. The significant, sustained improvement in health literacy noted among program participants demonstrated program effectiveness among those with low health literacy.

Topic: Health Literacy and Information Accessibility
Subfield: General Health Professions
Field: Health Professions
Domain: Health Sciences
The Effect of Chlorpromazine Pretreatment on Renal Function and Pathology in Kidneys Damaged by Warm Ischaemia

The influence of chlorpromazine pretreatment on kidney function and survival after temporary occlusion of the renal artery was investigated. Three hours of clamping of the renal artery and contralateral nephrectomy was performed in a group of ten rabbits pretreated with 3.5 mg/kg chlorpromazine and compared with a previously published control group of untreated animals. Chlorpromazine pretreatment improved survival. The kidney function, estimated by serum-creatinine, showed an earlier onset of function and the surviving animals regained nearly normal function. Histological examination revealed mild to moderate ischaemic changes, whereas the control group showed more profound damages.

Topic: Blood Pressure and Hypertension Studies
Subfield: Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
[Hemolytic uremic syndrome. Evaluation of clinical and prognostic factors].

Ten patients with hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) were admitted to our ICU during the last 7 years. The mean age at entry was 26 month old. Only one child was more than 2 years of age. A greater incidence of this illness was noted during the summer season. Almost all cases (90%), were severe with arterial hypertension and requiring peritoneal dialysis. HUS is a multisystemic disorder with early renal involvement, but the possibility of other sites being affected must be kept in mind. Half of the patients presented extrarenal manifestations of disease, including: seizures (30%), colonic ischemia requiring intestinal resection, and heart failure with lung edema due to severe hypertension. The two parameters that were helpful in determining the prognosis were the interval of renal insufficiency (greater than 14 days) and neurologic impairment, with the later being of most importance.

Topic: Metabolism and Genetic Disorders
Subfield: Clinical Biochemistry
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Effect of Cold Stress and the Cold Pressor Test on Blood Pressure and Heart Rate

Background: Temperature and other environmental stressors are known to affect blood pressure and heart rate. The cold pressor test is used clinically to evaluate autonomic and left ventricular functions.
Aims: This project was done to test the hypothesis that blood pressure and heart rate is altered during the cold pressor test.
Methods: Students performed the cold pressor test, to study the change in blood pressure following an environmental stress. 40 medical students from the Ist year MBBS batches were selected and tested for cold pressor test during 1 to 2 min immersion of one hand in ice water. This test used cold as a stressful stimulus. The response of the subject was measured by the change in blood pressure and heart rate after the application of cold stimulus.
Results: The study showed that the correlation between Anxiety state scores and cold pressor test response was not significant statistically. The correlation between Anxiety trait scores and cold pressor test response was also not significant statistically.
Conclusion: The results indicate that the blood pressure and heart rate increases following an environmental stress. This activity can be easily adapted and students can learn about the test and carry out the test on their classmates.

Topic: Heart Rate Variability and Autonomic Control
Subfield: Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
In vitro IgE synthesis in neonates with different family history of atopy.

In this study we want to correlate family history of atopy and in vitro synthesis of IgE, IL4 and IFN gamma in 5 neonates with biparental (group A), 5 with uniparental (group B) and 5 with absent family history of atopy (group C). An aliquot of neonatal blood mononuclear cells (NBMC) was incubated in presence of PHA in combination with the phorbol ester acetate (TPA). The supernatants of cultures were harvested after 48-72 hours of incubation and stored at -20 degrees C until testing for lymphokine production by ELISA kits. Only one neonate of group B showed detectable in vitro synthesis of IL4 (45 pg/ml) after PHA + TPA stimulation. All the others failed to produce detectable levels either of IL4 or IFN gamma. Another aliquot of NBMC was cultured in the presence of saturating concentrations of rhIL4 for 48 h. After this pre-incubation step, the non-adherent cells were cultured in the presence of: 1) rhIL4; 2) rhIL4 + anti-IL4 antibody (Ab); 3) rhIL4 + anti-IFN gamma Ab; 4) rhIFN gamma, 5) rhIFN gamma + anti-IFN gamma Ab + rhIL4; 6) PWM + rhIL4; 7) unstimulated culture. The supernatants of these cultures were tested for their IgE content. In general, spontaneous IgE production by NBMC was very low, rhIL4 did not induce a significant increase of IgE synthesis. The other modalities of stimulations did not produce significative changes. We did not observe significative differences among the three groups of neonates. On the basis of our results, we conclude that NBMC aren't able to produce significative amounts of IgE in vitro either spontaneously or after IL4 stimulation. This test and the evaluation of IL4 and IFN gamma in vitro production aren't useful markers of atopy predisposition.

Topic: Neonatal Respiratory Health Research
Subfield: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Idealized Models in Engineering Analysis

This paper examines the roles of idealization and discretization in engineering analysis and design. Physical idealizations as commonly used in analysis and design are non-analytic in nature, and are, therefore, perfect candidates for compterization using knowledge-based techniques. This paper also presents the overall structure of a modeling system that can support idealizations for analysis as part of the design process.

Topic: Manufacturing Process and Optimization
Subfield: Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Numerical investigation of the low-velocity impact response of 3D orthogonal woven composite plates with preloads

Three-dimensional orthogonal woven composites (3DOWCs) offer significant advantages in engineering applications due to their designability for spatial structures and ability to minimize delamination damage. As primary load-bearing structures, 3DOWCs are always in preloading conditions prior to potential low-velocity impact (LVI) events. This paper presents a macro-meso coupled finite element (FE) model for investigating the response of preloaded 3DOWCs subjected to LVI. The accuracy of the proposed numerical model is validated by a comparison with available experimental data in terms of impact performance and damage state. Furthermore, the influence of preload and impactor shape on the LVI performance of 3DOWCs is examined, and detailed analysis is provided regarding the associated damage mechanisms. This study offers a transferable numerical approach that can be applied to studying the coupling problems of LVI and preload in other textile composite structures.

Topic: Mechanical Behavior of Composites
Subfield: Mechanics of Materials
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
SEISMIC REHABILITATION OF TRADITIONAL UN-REINFORCED

Abstract. Un-reinforced masonry buildings are a major population of residential and school buildings in Iran which have been shown severe damages during past earthquakes e.g. Bam earthquake in 2003 with at least 26000 fatalities. The most important weaknesses of this sort of buildings are coming form the in-adequate lateral load resisting system and the weakness in the element connections. This kind of construction is not (or rarely) used anymore in urban regions. However, any effort for the seismic rehabilitation of the current buildings can save a reasonable amount of life in a future earthquake. That is, a detailed seismic rehabilitation for a typical un-reinforced masonry building in Iran has been described in this paper. The reha-bilitation methodology is based on the ASCE 41-06 standard recommendations but adopted in details for the Iranian traditional masonry construction type. The rehabilitation cost is around thirty percent of the re-construction procedure which is quite promising.

Topic: Plant Parasitism and Resistance
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Aspirinin hepatotoksik etkisi ve Reye sendromu Hepatotoxic effect of aspirin and Reye's syndrome

Discussions about the risks and benefits of analgesics have been continuing since the first come out of analgesics. Investigators are interested in new arrangements for contraindications and side effects of both new and previously checked and controlled drugs. In this review, the hepatotoxic effect of aspirin which is currently used widespread besides availability of many drugs in market and also which is used as a standard to evaluate and to compare to other drugs is presented. In addition, Reye’s syndrome; an acute encephalopathy accompanied with fatty liver degeneration which suggested to be associated with aspirin usage during viral infections is presented.

Topic: Metabolism and Genetic Disorders
Subfield: Clinical Biochemistry
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Lengthening of radius in patients with congenital radial club hand, type II

Background. Congenital radial club hand (CRCH) is characterized by longitudinal underdevelopment of the forearm and hand on the radial surface. Underdevelopment can range from hypoplasia to aplasia of the radius. More than 50 methods to correct the forearm deformities, depending on the degree of radius underdevelopment, have been proposed.&#x0D; Aim. We evaluated the results of CRCH treatment using microsurgical technique and external fixation.&#x0D; Methods. We analyzed 16 patients (age, 4.6 0.9 years) with CRCH type II, according to the classification of Bayne and Klug, treated between 1994 and 2017. The patients were divided into two groups: Group 1 were patients undergoing microsurgical autotransplants of the epimetaphyseal second metatarsal bone with growth plate to the position of the radius defect and group 2 were patients treated by lengthening of the radius with external fixation. We analyzed the types of deformities, size of the radius defects, and range of motion in upper limb joints before the stage of the lengthening. External fixation index and number of complications also were determined. The type and number of recurrent deformities and timing of their detection were analyzed.&#x0D; Results. The observation period ranged from 12 months to 10 years (average, 3.8 years). In group 1, good results were obtained in 62.5% of cases. After transplantation of the metatarsal bone growth plate, the work of the growth plate continued, characterized by increasing radius length in the later observation period. In group 2, good results were obtained in 50% of cases. Clinical and X-ray examinations showed recurrent hand deviation and radius shortening, which required repeated radius lengthening.&#x0D; Conclusion. Microsurgical transplantation of the second metatarsal bone with growth plate is accepted more in reconstruction of the radial bone in patients with CRCH type II due to creation of a growth zone in the distal part of the radius. Radius lengthening via external fixation is applicable while maintaining the distal epimetaphysis and normal transverse dimensions of the radial bone.

Topic: Congenital limb and hand anomalies
Subfield: Developmental Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
The Hinterland Strategy

This chapter describes the concept of what constituted a “frontier,” which was always fluid in the early days of the crusader states. It talks about the Franks' intention to control the interior of the Christian states of Palestine and the Syrian littoral. It analyzes the strategic context of crusaders in recapturing cities of the hinterland and held against the inevitable Muslim counteroffensives. The chapter looks at the northern Christian states that had been able to move forward with the “hinterland strategy” before 1125. It also recounts major Muslim cities that were attacked by crusaders in increasingly desperate attempts to open up the interior, such as Aleppo that was the objective for two serious campaigns and Shaizar that was besieged twice.

Topic: Historical and Linguistic Studies
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Evaluation of common vetch (Vicia sativa cv. Morava) for growing pigs

The response to the inclusion of common vetch (Vicia sativa cv. Morava) at levels up to 225 g/kg diet was evaluated in growing pigs between 91 and 161 days of age. A total of 312 male pigs, selected at a liveweight of 37.6 ± 0.24 kg, were group housed in pens of 19–20 pigs, each initially in commercial grower facilities, which were then split within treatment into pens of 9–10 pigs in commercial finisher facilities. Pens were randomly allocated to 1 of 4 diets, 4 pens per diet. Vetch replaced peas in the wheat-based, protein-adequate diets at levels of 0, 75, 150 and 225 g/kg diet, with the digestible energy and lysine levels being similar for each diet. Pigs were offered the experimental grower diets for 4 weeks, followed by the corresponding experimental finisher diet for 6 weeks. Growth performance was not significantly affected by level of vetch up to 225 g/kg during the first 4 weeks of feeding with average growth rate, feed intake and feed conversion efficiency being 871.5 g/day, 1.90 kg/day, and 2.20 kg feed/kg gain, respectively. However, a significant negative linear response was observed for feed intake in pigs between 119 and 161 days of age, which resulted in voluntary feed intake decreasing from 2.62 to 2.44 kg/day when inclusion of Morava vetch increased from 0 to 225 g/kg. A significant curvilinear response was also observed in growth rate and feed conversion ratio during this period. These significant effects during the later growth phase resulted in significant decreases in voluntary feed intake and growth rate from 2.34 to 2.17 kg/day, and from 948 to 873 g/day, respectively, for the entire growth period as Morava vetch was increased from 0 to 225 g/kg diet. Thus, it is suggested that Morava vetch could be fed at rates up to 225 g/kg for pigs between 91 and 119 days of age, but should be reduced to less than 150 g/kg if feeding continues beyond 119 days of age.

Topic: Genetic and Environmental Crop Studies
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Modification of actin, myosin and tubulin distribution during cytoplasmic granule movements associated with platelet adhesion.

During platelet adhesion to glass and granule displacement, a close spatial and functional relation between actin filaments, myosin molecules and microtubules was observed suggesting that these different cytoskeleton components interact in supporting the platelet functions here studied.

Topic: Blood properties and coagulation
Subfield: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Using optimization models to achieve solutions in classification and clustering techniques

I would like to thank my parents, Humberto and Ada, for the support and love during the challenges and my little brother, Beto, for being the reason to persevere.Although she is not physically with me, I am very thankful to my lovely grandmother Nelly, who was like a second mother to me.Further, I would like to express my deep gratitude to my supervisor Prof. Washington for his patient guidance, support,

Topic: Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare
Subfield: Health Information Management
Field: Health Professions
Domain: Health Sciences
Asymptotic equivalence and adaptive estimation for robust nonparametric regression

Asymptotic equivalence theory developed in the literature so far are only for bounded loss functions. This limits the potential applications of the theory because many commonly used loss functions in statistical inference are unbounded. In this paper we develop asymptotic equivalence results for robust nonparametric regression with unbounded loss functions. The results imply that all the Gaussian nonparametric regression procedures can be robustified in a unified way. A key step in our equivalence argument is to bin the data and then take the median of each bin.\n¶ The asymptotic equivalence results have significant practical implications. To illustrate the general principles of the equivalence argument we consider two important nonparametric inference problems: robust estimation of the regression function and the estimation of a quadratic functional. In both cases easily implementable procedures are constructed and are shown to enjoy simultaneously a high degree of robustness and adaptivity. Other problems such as construction of confidence sets and nonparametric hypothesis testing can be handled in a similar fashion.

Topic: Statistical Methods and Inference
Subfield: Statistics and Probability
Field: Mathematics
Domain: Physical Sciences