jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
A Meta-Analytic Review and Experimental Study Exploring Links between Aggression and the Oxytocinergic System in Mice and Human Populations

Interpersonal aggression is a significant source of individual and societal distress. For this reason, countless research projects have attempted to identify the biological and psychological determinants of aggressive behaviour. An emerging body of literature suggests that the nonapeptide oxytocin (OT), generally regarded as a facilitator of prosocial behaviours, can instead amplify aggression and hostility under certain contexts. The current dissertation was designed to clarify the association between OT and aggression, by investigating this relation in both animal and human samples. In the first study, we conducted a systematic meta-analysis of genetic OT-knockout animal-model studies. Relative to genetically unmodified controls, OT receptor knockout mice were found to exhibit significantly elevated aggression, across all behavioural paradigms and outcome measures. Other forms of genetic modification were found to be less reliably associated with subsequent aggression, suggesting that prenatal OT exposure plays a critical role in the development of aggressive behaviour in adulthood. Evidence of contextual and individual variability was also observed. In the second study, we investigated the association between exogenous OT administration and a form of cognitive bias that may be predictive of future aggressive behaviours: autobiographical memory retrieval biases. We found that, under placebo, high-aggression participants exhibited greater difficulty retrieving specific memories of positive events. Following OT administration, the retrieval of specific memories for positive cue words was selectively improved in high-aggression individuals. Additionally, such individuals rated the emotional valence of their autobiographical memories less negatively under OT, when compared to placebo. Importantly, these findings were exclusive to memories retrieved within a social context. Recollections produced in a non-social environment were rated less positively following OT administration, exclusively for high-aggression participants. These findings again suggest important individual and contextual variability and highlight the potentially deleterious effects of OT administration in the absence of social contact. Together, these studies indicate that OT does modulate the frequency of aggressive behaviours, as well as the cognitive biases that may precede them. Critically, these data also highlight important developmental, individual, and contextual considerations, which in turn allows us to identify viable targets for future research.

Topic: Neuroendocrine regulation and behavior
Subfield: Social Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Improving traditional intention-to-treat analyses: a new approach

Background. Drop-out, often accompanied by treatment non-compliance, is common in psychiatric trials. Methodologists have criticized the use of a traditional intention-to-treat (ITT) approach in such cases, and have proposed alternative methods. We set out to describe and assess methods for estimation of a treatment effect when the trial is ‘broken’. Method. We describe a stratified method of moments (SMOM) estimator that assesses treatment effects on subjects who are willing to comply with all the treatments under study. A simulation study and a re-analysis of data from an antipsychotics trial are used to compare SMOM to ITT, as-treated, and adequate estimators. Results. The new estimator retains good statistical properties under different levels of non-compliance and drop-out mechanisms. The re-analysis indicates that SMOM yields more precise results. Conclusions. Although the traditional ITT approach provides a valid method to estimate treatment effects, it can be biased in the presence of treatment non-compliance and drop-out. It is critical that researchers move beyond traditional approaches when trials are broken. A key first step is to consider non-compliance and drop-out as two independent phenomena, tracking and reporting rates separately.

Topic: Advanced Causal Inference Techniques
Subfield: Statistics and Probability
Field: Mathematics
Domain: Physical Sciences
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) Ontology and Use Case

* Abstract—Ontologies play an increasingly important role in annotation, integration, and analysis of biomedical data. In this paper, we describe the design and development of a Post- Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) Ontology and how we can use this ontology as a controlled vocabulary for supporting automatic annotation of clinical text. The automated annotation is performed using a natural language processing (NLP) tool called YTEX. In addition, we demonstrate how we can use the concepts and relationships defined in the PTSD Ontology to perform data summarization and categorization.

Topic: Biomedical Text Mining and Ontologies
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Improvement in Mechanical Method of Oil Absorption Test

顔料の吸油量測定は練り合わせ法で行なわれているが, エンドポイントが感覚的, 主観的であるため個人差が生じやすく, 客観性のある機器測定法への転換が望ましい。現行の機器測定法としては, ゴム用カーボンブラックのstructureの目安にするため, アブソープトメーターによるDBP吸油量の測定法がJIS K 6221に規定されているが, これを他の顔料に汎用しようとしても, 混練トルクが小さくて不可能である。そこで微小なトルク変化をも測定できるように機器の改造を行なったところ, すべての顔料の吸油量を精度よく測定できるようになった。なお吸油量と関係の深い充テン粉体の空隙量の測定を水銀ポロシメーターによって試みた。

Topic: Lanthanide and Transition Metal Complexes
Subfield: Materials Chemistry
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Hindered\nStepwise Aggregation Model for Molecular Weight Determination of Heavy\nPetroleum Fractions by Vapor Pressure Osmometry (VPO)

Venezuela Orinoco heavy crude oil\nwas fractionated into diesel, vacuum gas oil (VGO), vacuum residue\n(VR), and asphaltene fractions, which were subjected to molecular\nweight (MW) measurement by vapor pressure osmometry (VPO). The VPO\nis known to overestimate the average molecular weight (MW) of heavy\nhydrocarbons, because of molecular aggregation. This paper proposes\na hindered stepwise aggregation (HSA) model to simulate the molecular\naggregation and used the model to estimate the true MW of heavy petroleum\nfractions. A data regression procedure was developed to determine\nthe model parameters, aggregation equilibrium constant, and aggregate\ndistribution, using a fast simulated annealing (FSA) algorithm based\non the VPO data. This data analysis method is self-tuned to fit the\nVPO data to the HSA models of various petroleum fractions using the\noptimized solution of the FSA algorithm. The results showed that the\nVPO data of heavy petroleum fractions at various solution concentrations\nwere in good agreement with those predicted by the HSA model. The\naggregation equilibrium constant and aggregate distribution data obtained\nfrom the HSA model suggested that various degrees of molecular aggregation\noccur in heavy petroleum fractions. The molecules of diesel and VGO\nwere monomers, regardless of the solution concentration. The molecules\nof VR formed dimer aggregates at high solution concentrations; the\nnumber of dimer aggregates exceeded that of monomers as the solution\nconcentration increased. The molecules of asphaltenes were polymer\naggregates. The size of asphaltene polymer aggregates increased significantly\nwith the solution concentration. The MW of asphaltenes determined\nby the HSA model was much lower than that by the conventional linear\nregression method.

Topic: Petroleum Processing and Analysis
Subfield: Analytical Chemistry
Field: Chemistry
Domain: Physical Sciences
Impaired Angiotensin Conversion and Bradykinin Clearance in Experimental Canine Pulmonary Emphysema

Chronic hypoxic lung diseases are associated with abnormal blood pressure regulation. Because the lung is the principal site of angiotensin conversion and because hypoxia decreases converting enzyme activity, we examined whether angiotensin converting enzyme activity was impaired in lung disease. 12 dogs received a 6 wk course of aerosolized and intratracheal papain that produced moderate panlobular emphysema. These dogs and 24 control dogs were anesthetized and sampling catheters were placed under fluoroscopic control. Angiotensin conversion was measured by a blood pressure response bioassay. Pulmonary converting enzyme activity was also assessed by infusing bradykinin (BK) and using radioimmunoassay to measure the instantaneous clearance of BK and the concentration of BK in the pulmonary artery which first produced spillover of BK into left atrial blood. Angiotensin conversion was reduced in the emphysematous dogs to 81.1% (13.2 SD) from 92% (6 SD) in the control dogs (P < 0.01). Instantaneous clearance of BK in the emphysematous dogs was only slightly reduced (93%), despite reduction in their Pao(2) to 75 mm Hg, indicating that the greatest proportion of the perfused vascular bed was exposed to alveolar Po(2) of >90 mm Hg. However, the barrier to BK passage provided by the lung, and measured by the spillover level, was reduced (1/4) to (1/2) that observed in control animals. That the defect was promptly corrected by supplemental oxygen indicates that regional pulmonary vascular converting enzyme activity had been impaired by regional alveolar hypoxia, which permitted some peptide to pass through the lungs unmetabolized. Determination of peptide metabolism in the lungs may provide a useful measure of regional alveolar hypoxia and may lead to new ways of assessing lung injury.

Topic: Pulmonary Hypertension Research and Treatments
Subfield: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Perceived Hearing Status and Attitudes Toward Noise in Young Adults

Purpose To estimate the prevalence of perceived hearing loss, tinnitus, and temporary threshold shift (TTS) in community college students and to see whether those students' attitudes toward noise affected their perception of their own possible hearing loss, tinnitus, and TTS. Method Young adults ( N = 245; age 18–27) completed 3 questionnaires: the Hearing Symptom Description, Youth Attitude to Noise Scale, and Adolescents' Habits and Hearing Protection Use. Results Perceived TTS and pain associated with loud noise were the most common hearing related factors, followed by perceived tinnitus and hearing loss. The students' attitudes toward noise in their daily environment showed the most negative response, whereas attitudes toward noise and concentration indicated a more positive, or less harmful, response. Chi-square analysis indicated a significant correlation between perceived hearing loss and respondents' overall attitudes toward noise exposure. Hearing protection use was limited for all participants, with the majority reporting never having used hearing protection. Conclusion Approximately 6% of respondents reported perceived hearing loss, and 13.5% reported prolonged tinnitus. In general, participants had neutral attitudes toward noise. Over 20% of participants reported ear pain, tinnitus, and/or TTS after noise exposure at least sometimes. Coincidentally, few participants reported consistent use of hearing protection.

Topic: Hearing Loss and Rehabilitation
Subfield: Cognitive Neuroscience
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences
Effect of Mixed Viral Infections (Potato Virus Y–Potato Leafroll Virus) on Biology and Preference of Vectors Myzus persicae and Macrosiphum euphorbiae (Hemiptera: Aphididae)

Mixed viral infections of heterologous viruses such as Potato virus Y (family Potyviridae, genus Potyvirus, PVY) and Potato leafroll virus (family Luteoviridae, genus Polerovirus, PLRV) are a regular occurrence in Idaho’s potato, Solanum tuberosum (L.), cropping systems. An increased number of plant samples from Idaho’s potato fields over the past 2 yr has serologically tested positive for both PVY and PLRV via double antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (DAS-ELISA) and exhibited more severe symptoms than singly-infected plants (PVY or PLRV). Several studies have extensively examined the mixed infection phenomenon but to the best of our knowledge, none have examined the effect of such infections on vector biology and preference. Laboratory studies were conducted to examine the effect of mixed viral (PVY–PLRV) infection on the fecundity and preference of two of the most efficient PVY and PLRV vectors, the green peach aphid, Myzus persicae (Sulzer), and the potato aphid, Macrosiphum euphorbiae (Thomas) (Hemiptera: Aphididae). M. persicae and M. euphorbiae adults were clip-caged (one adult per cage) to leaflets of PVY, PLRV, PVY–PLRV-infected, and noninfected potato plants. The number of nymphs produced in all four treatments was recorded after 96 h. M. persicae and M. euphorbiae fecundity was significantly higher on mixed infected plants than on singly infected plants or noninfected plants. Preference of alatae and apterae of M. persicae and M. euphorbiae was determined with the use of settling bioassays. Both alatae and apterae of M. persicae and M. euphorbiae preferentially settled on PVY–PLRV-infected plants than on singly infected plants (PVY or PLRV) or noninfected plants.

Topic: Plant Virus Research Studies
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Experimental and Analytical Investigation of the Fatigue Flexural Behavior of Corroded Reinforced Concrete Beams

Abstract The fatigue flexural behavior of corroded reinforced concrete (RC) beams was experimentally and analytically examined. Seven beams were constructed and tested, and an analytical fatigue prediction model (FPM) was proposed to assess the fatigue behavior of the corroded beams. After validating the FPM with the experimental test results, the FPM was then extended to better understand the effects of the degree of steel corrosion, the corrosion pit geometry, and the fatigue load level on the performance of corroded RC beams. The results show that the fatigue behavior of the corroded steel bars determines the fatigue behavior of the beams. Rebar corrosion has a significant detrimental effect on the fatigue performance of RC beams due to stress concentration, loss of steel cross-sectional area, and diminished bonding at the steel–concrete interface. The stress concentrations increase with increasing pit width-to-length and depth-to-diameter ratios. Differences in pit geometry and the resulting changes in stress concentrations due to corrosion should be considered when assessing fatigue performance.

Topic: Concrete Corrosion and Durability
Subfield: Civil and Structural Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
LOSS OF KERNEL QUALITY ASSOCIATED WITH HARVEST DELAYS IN TASMANIA, AUSTRALIA

Knowledge of factors that adversely affect the quality of walnuts grown inTasmania, Australia, is limited. Experiments over two years investigated thetemporal development of fruit maturity and the effect of harvest delays on kernelquality. The progression of kernel maturity, or packing tissue brown (PTB), wassimilar in Lara and Vina, with 95% PTB predicted between 77 and 87 days afterJanuary 1. The onset of harvest, defined as 80% hullable fruits, was similar for thetwo cultivars, occurring within 5-days of each other. Delaying harvest beyond 95%PTB reduced kernel quality in both years. In 2009-10, delaying harvest significantlyreduced the percentage of extra-light kernels for Vina, Howard and Chandleri.e., for Chandler, from 77% extra-light with no harvest delay compared to 63% a7-day harvest delay. Delaying harvest by 7 days significantly increased the percent ofkernels with yellow pellicle i.e., from less than 6% yellow pellicle with no delay to 24,28 and 51% of Howard, Vina and Chandler nuts, respectively, with a 7-dayharvest delay. Similarly, in 2011-12 Lara and Chandler nuts harvested 8 days ormore after tree shaking had fewer extra-light kernels, and more yellow pellicle andmould, compared to nuts harvested earlier. Additional research will identify seasonalvariations and improve the initial description of fruit maturity and factors affectingkernel quality.

Topic: Nuts composition and effects
Subfield: Nutrition and Dietetics
Field: Nursing
Domain: Health Sciences
Assessing the Nexus Between Green Economic Recovery, Green Finance, and CO2 Emission: Role of Supply Chain Performance and Economic Growth

Environmentalists are more concerned with the environment in this age of industrialization, and they are continually interested in researching factors that can facilitate the transition towards sustainability. This study applies an econometric technique called the panel Generalized Method of Moments generalized moments to analyze green finance and renewable energy's impact on CO 2 emissions from 2010 to 2019. According to the findings, green finance has a significant negative and positive impact on carbon emissions and green economic recovery. In addition, the results showed that logistics operations use energy and fossil fuel, and the findings also showed that the amount of fossil fuel and non-green energy sources creates a significant harmful effect on the environmental sustainability, in addition to having a negative impact on economic growth. Inadequate transportation-related infrastructure and logistics services are other significant contributors to CO 2 and overall emissions of greenhouse gases. According to the findings, sustainable energy development can be advanced by fostering the growth of green finance. This can be accomplished by employing a variety of metrics that pertain to the three dimensions of economic development, financial development, and environmental development.

Topic: Energy, Environment, Economic Growth
Subfield: Economics and Econometrics
Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance
Domain: Social Sciences
TFG: a novel regulator of ULK1-dependent autophagy

TRK-fused gene (TFG) is a protein implicated in multiple neurodegenerative diseases and oncogenesis. We have recently shown that, under starvation conditions, TFG contributes to spatial control of autophagy by facilitating Unc-51 like autophagy activating kinase 1 (ULK1)-microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 gamma (MAP1LC3C) interaction to modulate omegasome and autophagosome formation. Defective TFG-mediated autophagy could thus be postulated as a possible contributor to ontogenesis or progression of TFG-related diseases.

Topic: Autophagy in Disease and Therapy
Subfield: Epidemiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
An A3 investigation of frequency dependence of absorption in the equatorial region

Studies based on the A I experimental techniques show that, in the region near the magnetic equator, the variation of absorption of HF radio wave with frequency, f, fo llows the 1/f law rather than the 1/f law. In the present study a multifrequency A3 method employing five frequencies, namely, 4.87 MHz •. 5.05 MHz, 6.09 MHz, 9.60 MHz and 15.40 MHz, has been used to investigate the variation of radio wave absorption with frequency. The initial analysis of the multi frequency absorption data showed that the relation L = Af ...... where L is the absorption and A the constant, gave the frequency index a range of values 0.891:5:2.4. The results also show that solar activity does not significantly affect the frequency dependence of absorption. Further analysis of the absorption data showed that ionospheric absorption appears to follow the law L = B +AF• This implies that ionospheric absorption may consist of a component which is independent of radio wave frequency.

Topic: Solar and Space Plasma Dynamics
Subfield: Astronomy and Astrophysics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
A theory of non-Noetherian Gorenstein rings

In Noetherian rings there is a hierarchy among regular, Gorenstein and Cohen-Macaulay rings. Regular non-Noetherian rings were originally defined by Bertin in 1971. In 2007, Hamilton and Marley used C̆ech cohomology to introduce a theory of Cohen-Macaulay for non-Noetherian rings, answering a question posed by Glaz. This dissertation provides a theory of non-Noetherian Gorenstein rings agreeing with the Noetherian definition, and for which regular rings are Gorenstein, and coherent Gorenstein rings are Cohen-Macaulay. The relationship between Gorenstein rings and FP-injective dimension as defined by Stenström is also explored. Finally, an additional characterization of Gorenstein rings involving homological dimensions is examined in the non-Noetherian case. iii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS There are many who have been placed in my life to help lead the way, forge new paths, and offer support throughout my graduate career. Many thanks go to my

Topic: Algebraic structures and combinatorial models
Subfield: Geometry and Topology
Field: Mathematics
Domain: Physical Sciences
Supplementary Data from &lt;sup&gt;18&lt;/sup&gt;FDG-PET Predicts Pharmacodynamic Response to OSI-906, a Dual IGF-1R/IR Inhibitor, in Preclinical Mouse Models of Lung Cancer

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figures S1-S2; Supplementary Table S1.&lt;/p&gt;

Topic: Cancer, Hypoxia, and Metabolism
Subfield: Cancer Research
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Density\nFunctional Theory and Machine Learning-Based\nQuantitative Structure–Activity Relationship Models Enabling\nPrediction of Contaminant Degradation Performance with Heterogeneous\nPeroxymonosulfate Treatments

Heterogeneous peroxymonosulfate (PMS)\ntreatment is recognized as\nan effective advanced oxidation process (AOP) for the treatment of\norganic contaminants. Quantitative structure–activity relationship\n(QSAR) models have been applied to predict the oxidation reaction\nrates of contaminants in homogeneous PMS treatment systems but are\nseldom applied in heterogeneous treatment systems. Herein, we established\nQSAR models updated with density functional theory (DFT) and machine\nlearning approaches to predict the degradation performance for a series\nof contaminants in heterogeneous PMS systems. We imported the characteristics\nof organic molecules calculated using constrained DFT as input descriptors\nand predicted the apparent degradation rate constants of contaminants\nas the output. The genetic algorithm and deep neural networks were\nused to improve the predictive accuracy. The qualitative and quantitative\nresults from the QSAR model for the degradation of contaminants can\nbe used to select the most appropriate treatment system. A strategy\nfor selection of the optimum catalyst for PMS treatment of specific\ncontaminants was also established according to the QSAR models. This\nwork not only increases our understanding of contaminant degradation\nin PMS treatment systems but also highlights a novel QSAR model to\npredict the degradation performance in complicated heterogeneous AOPs.

Topic: Advanced oxidation water treatment
Subfield: Water Science and Technology
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Efficient KNN searching of poses with N-dimensional axis-aligned trees

With the rise of advanced technologies like robotics and computer vision, characterizing objects through poses (position and orientation) has become increasingly important. The efficient handeling of 3D data is often done using different kinds of tree type datastructures. One if these widely used data structure is the N-dimesnional axis-aligned tree, however, storing and processing poses using N-dimensional tree structures presents challenges. A limitation arises when using traditional tree structures to capture the continuity property of Euler angles and their associated metric space. This issue becomes evident when performing K-nearest neighbor(KNN) searches on poses, a task for which tree-type structures are typically highly efficient. This research aims to address these complications by exploring the development of specialized structures, such as an octree for 3-dimensional data, that can accommodate nearest neighbor searches on poses.

Topic: Coleoptera Taxonomy and Distribution
Subfield: Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences