jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Information, Preferences, and Household Demand for School Value Added

This paper examines the roles that information and preferences play in determining whether households choose schools with high value added. We study Romanian school markets using administrative data, a survey, and an experiment. The administrative data show that, on average, households could select schools with 1 s.d. worth of additional value added. This may reflect that households have incorrect beliefs about schools' value added, or that their preferences lead them to prioritize other school traits. We elicit households' beliefs and find that they explain less than a fifth of the variation in value added. We then inform randomly selected households about the value added of the schools in their towns. This improves the accuracy of households' beliefs and leads low-achieving students to attend higher-value added schools. We next estimate households' preferences and predict their choices under the counterfactual of fully accurate beliefs. We find that beliefs account for 18 (11) percent of the value added that households with low- (high-) achieving children leave unexploited. Interestingly, for households with low-achieving children, the experiment seems to have affected both beliefs and preferences. This generates larger effects on choices than would be predicted via impacts on beliefs alone.

Topic: School Choice and Performance
Subfield: Education
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Supplementary Table 1 from Distinct Colorectal Cancer–Associated APC Mutations Dictate Response to Tankyrase Inhibition

&lt;p&gt;Differentially expressed genes compared to wildtype organoids&lt;/p&gt;

Topic: Wnt/β-catenin signaling in development and cancer
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Exploring Ex Ante Impacts and Social and Sportive Challenges of Hosting a Future New International Major Event: a Case Study of the World Roller Games in Barcelona

This analysis arises from the decision of the current local council of Barcelona regarding the post-ponement of the sporting mega-event "World Roller Games," due to a lack of a social and sportive implication in this event. This research tries to shed some light on the matter and give evidence to the local council to become the world capital of skating. The research question is to analyze whether non-economic impacts could be relevant enough to organize a mega-event. The methodology is based on the perception and experience of spectators and participants on four main impacts (social, economic, sports city image, and sports practice) using a survey from a National Roller Skating Championship in Spain, considering that this profile of respondents have a better knowledge of the current situation of this sport. There are positive expected future consequences of this mega-event to be held in Barcelona in social and sportive terms. We can also conclude that the local council must still introduce some social and sportive policies in the city in order to improve the chances of success in social, sports practice, and sportive brand image development. It is demonstrated that a mega-event should not be seen purely from a perspective of business generation, especially with minority sports like roller skating. There is a clear opportunity to develop social and sportive practice initiatives that can push social cohesion throughout the city thanks to a mega-event such as this one.

Topic: Sport and Mega-Event Impacts
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Navier-Stokes simulations of unsteady transonic flow phenomena

Numerical simulations of two classes of unsteady flows are obtained via the Navier-Stokes equations: a blast-wave/target interaction problem class and a transonic cavity flow problem class. The method developed for the viscous blast-wave/target interaction problem assumes a laminar, perfect gas implemented in a structured finite-volume framework. The approximately factored implicit scheme uses Newton subiterations to obtain the spatially and temporally second-order accurate time history of the blast-waves with stationary targets. The inviscid flux is evaluated using either of two upwind techniques, while the full viscous terms are computed by central differencing. Comparisons of unsteady numerical, analytical, and experimental results are made in two- and three-dimensions for Couette flows, a starting shock-tunnel, and a shock-tube blockage study. The results show accurate wave speed resolution and nonoscillatory discontinuity capturing of the predominantly inviscid flows. Viscous effects were increasingly significant at large post-interaction times. While the blast-wave/target interaction problem benefits from high-resolution methods applied to the Euler terms, the transonic cavity flow problem requires the use of an efficient scheme implemented in a geometrically flexible overset mesh environment. Hence, the Reynolds averaged Navier-Stokes equations implemented in a diagonal form are applied to the cavity flow class of problems. Comparisons between numerical and experimental results are made in two-dimensions for free shear layers and both rectangular and quieted cavities, and in three-dimensions for Stratospheric Observatory For Infrared Astronomy (SOFIA) geometries. The acoustic behavior of the rectangular and three-dimensional cavity flows compare well with experiment in terms of frequency, magnitude, and quieting trends. However, there is a more rapid decrease in computed acoustic energy with frequency than observed experimentally owing to numerical dissipation. In addition, optical phase distortion due to the time-varying density field is modelled using geometrical constructs. The computed optical distortion trends compare with the experimentally inferred result, but underpredicts the fluctuating phase difference magnitude.

Topic: Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations
Subfield: Atmospheric Science
Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences
Domain: Physical Sciences
Medical Informatics/Computers in Medicine

Quietly over the past 25 years, the field of medical informatics has been emerging as a distinct disciplinary area that provides the scientific and theoretical basis for current and future practical applications of computers and automated information systems in medicine.<sup>1</sup> Computer-mediated access to the biomedical scientific literature has become widespread and reasonably advanced. MEDLINE bibliographical searches are now done in seconds, 24 hours per day. The National Library of Medicine (NLM) alone provided 3 million responses last year, and commercial data base vendors using NLM tapes provided a like number. A recent survey of NLM MEDLINE queries showed that about half were associated directly with patient care problems. For this reason and because of the recent great increase in the number of physicians who own and use personal computers, NLM recently made available a new search tool for medical professional users: a computer (diskette) search system that permits direct

Topic: Health Sciences Research and Education
Subfield: General Health Professions
Field: Health Professions
Domain: Health Sciences
Distribution and abundance of the New Zealand fur seal and their interactions with humans along the West Coast of the South Island of New Zealand : dissertation presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for a Diploma in Parks and Recreation Management, Lincoln College

Increased emphasis is being placed on the passive viewing of wildlife in its natural setting for recreational, educational and economic purposes. Within New Zealand the New Zealand fur seal Antocephalus forsteri (Lesson, 1828) is one of our few native animals suited to this activity. A survey was carried out from August 1986 to February 1987 on the distribution and abundance of the fur seal along the West Coast of the South Island from Haast to Karamea and the interaction between visitors and seals was studied. The fur seal population showed an increase of 11.9 percent since the previous survey and a new colony was identified. This information along with visitor information was then used to assess the impact humans are having on seals and what possible effect this could have on the seal resource. Maximum actual disturbance occurs when visitors walk through the midst of a colony but it is not known how this affects population numbers.

Topic: Marine animal studies overview
Subfield: Ecology
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Mechanisms Underlying the Formation of Endolymphatic Hydrops and the Inner Ear Disorder

Yamakawa first reported endolymphatic hydrops (EH) in a patient with Meniere’s disease (MD) in 1938. In the same year, Hallpike and Cairns also reported the association between MD and EH and established the modern diagnosis of MD. This association is now widely accepted; however, doubts have recently been raised. A recent human temporal bone study review failed to conclude if the association is an epiphenomenon or whether EH causes MD.

Topic: Vestibular and auditory disorders
Subfield: Neurology
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences
Progressive vitiligo with rosette sign under dermatoscope: a case report

We report a case of progressive vitiligo with rosette sign under dermatoscope. A 58-year-old man complained of white patches on the dorsal hands, scrotum and groin for 3 months. Dermatological examination revealed round or irregularly shaped hypopigmented spots or porcelain white patches with sharp or undefined boundaries on the dorsal hands, scrotum and groin. Dermatoscopic examination showed bright white rosette sign on the white patch of the dorsal hands, and hypopigmentation around hair follicle on the scrotum. After the skin lesions fully developed, the rosette sign on the dorsal hands disappeared. Diagnosis: Vitiligo vulgaris (progressive, sporadic).

Topic: melanin and skin pigmentation
Subfield: Cell Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Possible production of glueballs in bar p<sup>4</sup>He reactions at 0.6 GeV c<sup>−1</sup>incident momentum

A sharp peak at 1150 MeV c−2 in the π−π+π−π+ -system in the final state of 4He-reactions at 0.6 GeV c−1 incident momentum is seen. This system probably has spin-parity = 0+ or 2+, which are possible spin-parity assignments of a glueball.

Topic: Quantum Chromodynamics and Particle Interactions
Subfield: Nuclear and High Energy Physics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Empirical Analysis of the Influence of Internet Word of Mouth on Consumers' Purchase Intention

In this paper, through the questionnaire survey, an empirical analysis of the influence of Internet word of mouth (IWOM) on college students' purchase intention for mobile phones is undergone.SPSS software is used for reliability, validity, correlation and regression analysis.Through the analysis on the data collected from questionnaires, it is concluded that the three dimensions of IWOM, i.e. quantity, quality and professionalism, may have an influence on the purchase intention of consumers, while the timeliness of IWOM has no obvious influence on the purchase intention.In the era of rapid development of the Internet, more and more consumers are favoring in searching product information and evaluation through the network before purchasing the products, IWOM is playing a strong role for consumers' purchase intention and enterprises' marketing.In this paper, the college students are selected as study subjects, through the empirical analysis of the influence of IWOM on consumers' purchasing intention, the impact of IWOM on their purchasing decisions are also studied. The Relevant Theoretical Basis of IWOM and Purchase IntentionIWOM.In this paper, Dong Dahai's definition of IWOM is applied that IWOM refers to a kind of bidirectionally interactive and non-commercial communication between consumers with strong relationships via the text on the medium of Internet [1].It can be seen that the definition of IWOM includes the following four aspects: first, IWOM information contains products, services and brands, etc.; second, IWOM has its positive and negative aspects; third, IWOM will affect consumers' purchase decision and purchasing determination to varying degrees; fourth, the IWOM mainly conveys consumers' evaluation on products, services and brands through the Internet platform [2].Purchase Intention.The purchase intention is the subjective tendency of consumers to choose a brand or product, and the purchase intention represents the subjective probability of consumers buying a product or service [3].Characteristics of IWOM.The characteristics of IWOM mainly include the following four aspects: the quality of IWOM information, the quantity of IWOM, the form of IWOM and the timeliness of IWOM [4]. Model Construction and Research HypothesesModel Construction.According to the summary of literatures, this paper puts forward and constructs the model of the influence of the IWOM on the purchase intention of the consumers from the aspects of the quality of IWOM information, the quantity of IWOM, the professionalism of IWOM and the timeliness of IWOM.

Topic: Digital Marketing and Social Media
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Methods of Developing Students’ Writing Activity

The article notes that the writing activity of students has acquired paramount importance and the need to use various techniques for it. Development of students’ writing activity during the learning process. After listening to the exercises in the classroom, students make corrections by marking (*) and express their opinions in order to improve the content of the written work. The teacher evaluates the overall level of work by asking what topic the written work likes. Some of the textbook exercises can also be done in this way. When teaching Kyrgyz as a foreign language, work is underway on the “History of the Pyramid,” which was considered as a method of teaching students to freely express their thoughts and opinions as an author or character. Here students work individually, in pairs and groups. The pyramid diagram is provided as a reference (1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8). Each step tells you what words to write, resulting in coherent text and telling a story. Each student writes creatively according to his own abilities and uses artistic means of expression.

Topic: Education, Innovation and Language Studies
Subfield: Education
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Treatment of noise phobias in dogs: a research project

Noise phobias in dogs are becoming increasingly common, with around 80% of pets suffering from this condition. The increase in its prevalence has led to this study being undertaken looking into how owners are currently treating it. Data gathered by questionnaire were analysed to see if breed, age, sex or lifestyle altered the treatment used. Results revealed that dogs born in autumn and winter were less likely to develop a noise phobia, possibly because they are exposed to loud noises such as fireworks from a young age at that time of year. It was also found that many clients still aren't treating noise phobias at all. In conclusion, it was decided that tranquilisers should only be used as a last resort as they do not treat the underlying problem, they merely mask it. Wherever possible, noise phobias should be managed with the use of pheromones and herbal products/nutraceuticals. If the phobia is more severe, behavioural therapy should be trialled; however, for any treatment to work, client compliance is key.

Topic: Human-Animal Interaction Studies
Subfield: Genetics
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
PENGETAHUAN IBU HAMIL TENTANG BAHAYA ROKOK TERHADAP PERKEMBANGAN JANIN DI DESA KUTA PARIK KECAMATAN SELESAI KABUPATEN LANGKAT

Results of data from Indonesia women who smoke about 2.3%, while in pregnant women around 1.7% , from this data has proven to increase the likelihood of pregnant women who smoke will cause various complications of pregnancy danger signs such as premature birth, premature birth weight, perinatal mortality and fetal development disorders. This type of research is descriptive, that is by using primary data obtained using a questionnaire containing 20 statements made by the researchers themselves. The samples in this study 20 of 30 people, taken by purposive sampling. From the results of the study it was obtained the results that the majority of respondents were knowledgeable as many as 10 respondents (50%), knowledgeable Enough as many as 7 respondents (35%) while the minority of knowledgeable good as many as 3 respondents (15%). The researcher hopes that respondents will add insight and input knowledge and information about the dangers of smoking to fetal development.

Topic: Public Health and Nutrition
Subfield: Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
[Surgery of abdominal aortic aneurysm infra-renal. Hemodynamic changes induced by aortic clamping and declamping. Eight cases (author's transl)].

Hemodynamic data of 8 patients undergoing planned resection of abdominal aortic aneurysm are statistically analyzed by variance analysis ("patient" factor and "time" factor). The results are: 1. "Patient" factor exists for all the variables studied. 2. "Time" factor is present for some of them. After aortic clamping, there is a significant decrease of the systolic index (p less than 0.05) and of the left ventricular systolic work index (p less than 0.01). After aorting declamping, a high significant increase of the mean right auricular pressure (p less than 0.001) and of mean capillary wedge pressure (p less than 0.001) are seen. Similar results are observed at the end of surgery. The results are commented with regard of the literature.

Topic: Aortic aneurysm repair treatments
Subfield: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Improvement of Aspergillus niger 55, a Raw Corn Meal Saccharifying Enzyme Hyperproducer, through Mutation and Selective Screening Techniques

Mutation experiments were performed to select the mutant of Aspergillus niger 55, which had lost almost all the ability to produce transglucosidases but retained that of high productivity of raw meal saccharifying enzyme, by means of successive induction with N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine(MNNG), ultraviolet(UV) light, and -rays. Also, we used the mutant enrichment techniques, such as liquid culture-filtration procedure and differential heat sensitivity of conidia, in order to increase the possibility of obtaining a mutant. The glucoamylase productivity of mutant PFST-38 was 11 times higher than that of the parent strain. The mutant PFST-38 was morphologically identical to the parent strain, except for the size of conidia, the tendency to form conidia and the lenght of conidiophore. Asp. niger mutant PFST-38 apeared to be useful for the submerged production of the raw corn meal saccharifying enzyme.

Topic: Enzyme Production and Characterization
Subfield: Biotechnology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Effect of Foliar Application of Salicylic Acid in Marigold

Marigold (Tagetes patula) is one of the popular annual, herbaceous, attractive flowers.Salicylic acid (SA) is a phenolic phytohormone and is found in plants with roles in plant growth and development, photosynthesis, transpiration, ion uptake and transport.This research was conducted to assess the effects of foliar application of salicylic acid on growth and yield of marigold from July 2019 to November 2019.The research was conducted in the horticulture field of IAAS, Lamjung Campus, Nepal under Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications and six treatments viz.(0, 100, 200, 300, 400, 500) ppm of salicylic acid.The marigold flowers were harvested when the outer petals unfold nearly perpendicular to the stem.Parameters like plant height, plant width, days to flowering, number of flower diameter and total yield were observed and analyzed using SPSS.Greater plant height was found on treatment 500 ppm which is statistically on par with 400 ppm and 300 ppm and lowest at 0 ppm.Similarly, plant width is greater in 500 ppm while the lowest in 0ppm.Days to flowering were lower in 500 ppm which is statistically similar with 400 ppm, 300 ppm and 200 ppm and higher in 0 ppm.Best results were found in 500 ppm with the number of flowers, the diameter of the flower, and flower yield.Thus, results revealed that increasing the concentration of salicylic acid increases the production of marigold.

Topic: Flowering Plant Growth and Cultivation
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
FIG. 3. — A, D, USNM PAL 205850 in First report in the fossil record of a shark tooth embedded in a pinniped bone

FIG. 3. — A, D, USNM PAL 205850, right calcaneum of Callophoca obscura (Van Beneden, 1876) (sensu Koretsky & Ray 2008) in medial and lateral views respectively from an associated partial right pes; B, E, CMM-V-6964, right calcaneum in medial and lateral views respectively with embedded shark tooth visible in E; C, F, USNM PAL 529247, left calcaneum (reflected vertically 180º in both) of an unnamed phocid in medial and lateral views respectively. Scale bar: 50 mm.

Topic: Advanced Fluorescence Microscopy Techniques
Subfield: Biophysics
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Long Lives for Homozygous Trembler Mutant Mice Despite Virtual Absence of Peripheral Nerve Myelin

Nervous system functions are dependent on point-to-point communication of signals along neuronal axons, and axonal insulation by myelin is thought to speed such conduction. Loss of previously formed myelin or lack of myelin formation can have serious, even fatal, consequences. Mice homozygous for the trembler mutation make virtually no peripheral nervous system myelin, yet have long and functional lives. This result calls into question the view that peripheral nervous system myelin plays a vital role, at least in this species.

Topic: Hereditary Neurological Disorders
Subfield: Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences