jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Encoding large information structures in linear algebra and statistical models

Large information sizes in samples and features can be encoded to speed up the learning of statistical models based on linear algebra and remove unwanted signals. Encoding information can reduce both sample and feature dimension to a smaller representational set. Here two examples are shown on linear mixed models and mixture models speeding up the run time for parameter estimation by a factor defined by the user's choice on dimension reduction (can be linear, quadratic or beyond based on dimension specification).

Topic: Neural Networks and Applications
Subfield: Artificial Intelligence
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Evaluation of the knowledge of pregnant women about the relationship between oral diseases and pregnancy complications

INTRODUCTION: Chronic persistent low-level infection in pregnant women, such as periodontal disease (PD) may impair maternal-fetal unit, since the infectious process induces the release of chemical mediators involved in the process of prematurity. OBJECTIVE: To assess the knowledge of mothers as regards the relationship between oral diseases and pregnancy complications. METHOD: A cross-sectional epidemiological study was conducted with 104 pregnant women indexed in the Primary Care Information System (SIAB), in the Family Health Strategies (FHS), using a structured questionnaire. Data were recorded in SPSS and analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics, considering a significance level of 5%. RESULT: Most patients (64.4%) were domestic workers, (48.1%) aged 24 to 34 years, (55.8%) showed complete the 2nd grade and incomplete high school education, and (49%) were primiparous. Among the participants, 76% were unaware of the relationship between oral disease, prematurity and giving birth to low birth weight babies. Statistically significant association was found between: educational level and knowledge about prenatal dental care (p = 0.012); since it was shown that 90.4% ignored the existence of this activity and 65.4% had never received information about the care of baby's oral hygiene (p = 0.003). CONCLUSION: Most women were unaware of the relationship of PD with prematurity, and showed lack of information about the care of mother and baby oral hygiene, highlighting the need for greater integration between the dental surgeon and other primary care professionals to promote oral health care of pregnant women and reduce the ratio of PD with pregnancy complications.

Topic: HIV/AIDS oral health manifestations
Subfield: Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Analysis of paspalic acid, lysergic acid, and iso‐lysergic acid by capillary zone electrophoresis with UV‐ and quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometric detection

CZE was investigated for separation of lysergic, iso‐lysergic, and paspalic acid. BGEs were optimized regarding separation selectivity and analysis time as well as MS compatibility. BGEs using asparagine, Na‐tetraborate, or ammonium acetate yielded satisfactory resolution when 40% of methanol was added and the pH adjusted to 8.3. Applying acidic BGEs also allowed fast separations but the poor stability under acidic conditions of the selected analytes prevented further use. With ultraviolet (UV) detection, LODs were 0.45 and 0.40 mg/L for paspalic acid and lysergic acid, respectively. Run‐to‐run precision of peak areas was 1.8% for lysergic acid and 1.9% for paspalic acid and day‐to‐day precision was 2.4 and 4.0%, respectively. When MS detection was used LODs improved to 0.09 mg/L for paspalic acid and 0.07 mg/L for lysergic acid. Repeatability results were excellent for a CZE‐MS method without internal standard ranging from 3.4% for the highest standard concentration to 5.8% for the lowest concentration. Recovery and matrix effects were studied with samples taken from different stages of the manufacturing process and yielded an average recovery of 100.8% and a RSD of 5.7%.

Topic: Plant and fungal interactions
Subfield: Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Design of efficacious somatic cell genome editing strategies for recessive and polygenic diseases

Gene correction of multiple alleles for compound heterozygous recessive or polygenic diseases is a promising therapeutic strategy. However, the targeting of multiple alleles using genome editors in a single cell could lead to mixed genotypes and adverse events that amplify during tissue morphogenesis. Here we demonstrate that <em>Spy</em>Cas9-based S1mplex genome editors can be designed and developed to correct two distinct mutant alleles within a single human cell precisely. Gene-corrected cells in a patient-derived, induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) model of Pompe disease robustly expressed the corrected transcript from both corrected alleles. The translated protein from the gene-corrected cells was properly processed after translation and was able to enzymatically cross-correct diseased cells at levels equivalent to standard-of-care, enzyme replacement therapy (ERT). Using a novel <em>in silico</em> model for the <em>in vivo</em> delivery of these and many other genome editors into a developing liver of a human infant, we identify progenitor cell targeting, delivery efficiencies, and suppression of imprecise editing outcomes as key design parameters controlling the potency and efficacy of <em>in vivo</em> somatic cell genome editing. Both single and double gene correction are efficacious for <em>in vivo</em> somatic cell editing strategies, while double gene correction is more effective than single-gene correction for autologous cell therapy with <em>ex vivo</em> gene-corrected cells. This work establishes that precise gene correction using genome editors to correct multiple distinct gene variants could be efficacious in the treatment of recessive and polygenic disorders.

Topic: CRISPR and Genetic Engineering
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
A 27‐Locus <scp>STR</scp> Assay to Meet All United States and European Law Enforcement Agency Standards,

Abstract Different national and international agencies have selected specific STR sets for forensic database use. To enhance database comparison across national and international borders, a 27‐locus multiplex system was developed comprising all 15 STR loci of the European standard set, the current 13 STR loci of the CODIS core, the proposed 22 STR loci of the expanded CODIS core, 4 additional commonly used STR loci, and the amelogenin locus. Development required iterative primer design to resolve primer‐related artifacts, amplicon sizing, and locus‐to‐locus balance issues. The 19.5‐min assay incorporated newly developed six‐dye chemistry analyzed using a novel microfluidic electrophoresis instrument capable of simultaneous detection and discrimination of 8 or more fluorescent dyes. The 27‐locus multiplex offers the potential for a new international STR standard permitting laboratories in any jurisdiction to use a single reaction to determine profiles for loci they typically generate plus an expanded common STR profiling set of global interest.

Topic: Forensic and Genetic Research
Subfield: Genetics
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Research on Customer Attributions of Service Failure and Strategies of Recovery

Service failures are inevitable in services industry. Service recovery is recognized by researchers and managers as a critical element of customer service strategy. Attribution theory provides the framework for predicting consumer responses to service failures, and plays an important role in service fields, especially in the case of service failure. Based on the large number of literature studies and analyzing customer attribution process on service failure, the authors sum up the core connotation of service failure, analyze the reasons for service failures, and propose service recovery strategies in dealing with service failure in this research.

Topic: Customer Service Quality and Loyalty
Subfield: Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management
Field: Business, Management and Accounting
Domain: Social Sciences
National Tuberculosis Reference Laboratory Experience in Multi Center Quality Control Programs for Molecular Diagnostics of Tuberculosis

Nucleic acid amplification methods to detect Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) in clinical specimens are increasingly used to diagnose tuberculosis. A number of nucleic acids amplification assays have been developed to detect MTBC DNA in clinical material. These assays differ in their requirements for sample volume and sample preparation, methods of amplification, and methods of detection. There are advantages and disadvantages of all assays; thus, there is probably no assay which is best suited to all situations. Quality control programs for molecular diagnostics (QCMD) based on nucleic acid amplification have not been widely implemented in clinical laboratories and remain limited to a few tests. Development of specific QCMD trials based on methodologic proficiency testing and directed to the evaluation of analytical aspects common to the majority of PCR -based tests may be valuable. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the specifity and sensitivity of molecular amplification methods for MTBC detection and our laboratory performance. Proficiency panel specimens were obtained from QCMD 2002 TB Proficiency Panel for the Assessment of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Nucleic Acid Detection Methodologies Program, Scotland, UK. The proficiency panel consisted of 12 ( 8 sputum and 4 diluted samples) samples containing a range of concentrations of cultured Mycobacterium bovis BCG in either pooled sputum or presented as a decontaminated and washed cell pellet . Negative samples were also included in the panel. In the present study, all samples sent in the framework of QCMD 2000, were evaluated using three different diagnostic methods, namely COBAS Amplicor MTB, Gen Probe MTD, Taq Man RT-PCR / Gene Amp 7700 sequence detection system. All steps of the tests used during the study were made in accordance with standard protocols and instructions of the manufacturer. According to these results, COBAS Amplicor MTB test yielded consistent results in 10 (83.3%), Gen Probe MTB test in 8 (66.66%) ve RT-PCR test in 6 (50%). Our success rates were 100 % (8/8), in sputum samples and 50 % (2/4 ) in diluted samples. Multicenter quality control programs are quite illuminating for the determination of laboratory efficacy and the performance of the tests. It is our suggestion that nucleic acid amplification methods employed for rapid diagnosis of M. tuberculosis should be subjected to internal and external controls and made routine accordingly.

Topic: Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology
Subfield: Infectious Diseases
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Redefining Family Relationships Following Adoption: Adoptive Parents' Perspectives on the Changing Nature of Kinship between Adoptees and Birth Relatives

Contemporary child adoption in the UK and USA has been conceptualised as an extended kinship network of adopted children, birth relatives and adopters (Reitz and Watson, 1992; Grotevant and McRoy, 1998). This contrasts sharply with the traditional model of adoption as a form of family substitution. Yet, such a reconceptualisation raises many questions about the meaning of kinship for those involved. This paper draws on data from a series of biographical interviews with twenty-two parents who adopted children within the UK over a twenty-four-year period in order to explore post adoption ‘family relationships’ from the perspective of adoptive parents. It develops an analysis of definitions of ‘kinship’ created by adoptive parents in order to shape family relationships following adoption, particularly the processes through which birth relatives are rendered marginal or integral to adoptive family life. The relevance of current adoption policy and professional practices to these processes are explored. &#13;\n

Topic: Child Welfare and Adoption
Subfield: Safety Research
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
A narrative review of musculoskeletal problems of the lower extremity and back associated with the interface between occupational tasks, feet, footwear and flooring

Abstract At least 50% of workers are exposed to the risk of musculoskeletal disorders (MSD) due to spending prolonged hours standing at work. There is a lack of information regarding issues with the feet, solutions to the problem, and links between MSD, feet, footwear and flooring. The present article provides a narrative review of the research in this area, based on 31 papers. Workers who stand for large proportions of the working day had a level of MSD considerably greater than a normal population. Muscle co‐activation, blood pooling, muscle fatigue and individual characteristics are all associated with MSD. Altering flooring provided mixed results, while footwear appeared to have the potential to affect MSD, although the dearth of literature limited the conclusions that could be drawn. Despite their inextricable link, literature regarding the relationship between occupational tasks, MSD, footwear and flooring remains limited and future studies will benefit from rigorously designed protocols.

Topic: Musculoskeletal pain and rehabilitation
Subfield: Pharmacology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Patients with traumatic brain injury: Acute deep venous thrombosis due to low vitamin D

Venous Thromboembolism (VTE), which manifests as Deep Venous Thrombosis (DVT) and Pulmonary Embolism (PE), has been found to be more common in Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) populations. In trauma patients coming to the emergency department with TBI, Virchow's triad (stasis, hypercoagulable condition, and endothelial damage) is prevalent. Bleeding in severe trauma promotes the release of coagulation factors, which can contribute to VTE. Physical and cognitive impairments, when combined, increase the likelihood of developing VTE. TBI patients are frequently immobile, weak, and bedridden, and they may also have additional severe injuries that enhance the risk of venous stasis. According to a 2009 research, TBI patients had a three-to-fourfold higher risk of DVT [1]. In neurosurgical patients, the Well's score and number of days in bed were found to be significant predictors of DVT development. Another study found that major general surgery and significant trauma were both high risk factors for the development of VTE, but extended bed rest was just a minor risk factor.

Topic: Venous Thromboembolism Diagnosis and Management
Subfield: Internal Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
STRONG FLOWS OF VISCOELASTIC WORMLIKE MICELLE SOLUTIONS

The unique rheological properties of viscoelastic wormlike micelle solutions have led to their broad use as rheological modifiers in consumer products such as paints, detergents, pharmaceuticals, lubricants and emulsifiers. In addition, micelle solutions have also become increasingly important in a wide range of industrial and commercial applications including agrochemical spraying, inkjet printing, turbulent drag reduction and enhanced oil recovery. Until recently, our knowledge of the rheology and flow behavior of these fluids was limited to linear viscoelasticity measurements where wormlike micelle solutions have been shown to behave as ideal Maxwell fluids, and steady shear rheology measurements where wormlike micelles often demonstrate shear banding. In this review, we survey recent experimental and theoretical developments for nonlinear rheology of viscoelastic wormlike micelle solutions and the response of these complex fluids to strong flows. Specific emphasis will be placed on extensional rheology measurements and complex flows having strong extensional components. In many of these flows, viscoelastic wormlike micelle

Topic: Rheology and Fluid Dynamics Studies
Subfield: Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes
Field: Chemical Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Cultural and Developmental Pathways to Acceptance of Self and Acceptance of the World

This chapter examines how parental acceptance of children and the surrounding world influence children's acceptance of self and the world. While conceptions of parental acceptance are assumed to be universal, they are primarily based on European American values and research. Due to different cultural views of the self and world as malleable versus fixed, parents differ in the target of their acceptance—children's individual selves or the surrounding world. Parental acceptance also differs in that in can be evaluative or non-evaluative. Evidence suggests that European American as compared to East Asian caregivers are relatively more accepting of their children's individual selves and that they emphasize positive evaluation. By contrast, East Asian caregivers are relatively more accepting of the world surrounding their children and they provide relatively non-evaluative acknowledgement. As important socialization agents, parents' acceptance of children versus the world affects children's acceptance of self versus the world.

Topic: Cultural Differences and Values
Subfield: Social Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
THE OPTIMIZATION OF CHARACTER BUILDING OF STUDENTS THROUGH THE IMPLEMENTATION OF QUANTUM TEACHING

Various negative character performed by students last few years is certainly a lot of attention.Students are supposed to be busy with learning activities and produce innovative work turned out tobehave less commendable. For example, fighting between students, always late to class, coloring theschool and public areas, and other negative characters. Some negative character is not separatedfrom the educational process are realized in the study conducted by teachers at school. Students alsoof humans that has sides that must be understood and humanist has diverse potential to be channeled.A person's character is obtained from the knowledge through the senses that he get continuously andprocessed in the mind. Inside the mind there is a whole program that is formed from the experience ofone's life. The program then form a belief system that can eventually form a mindset that can affectbehavior. If the program is embedded in accordance with the principles of universal truth, hisbehavior goes in harmony with natural law. As a result, the behavior brings peace and happiness.Conversely, if the program is not in accordance with the principles of universal law, then thebehavior is brought damage and produce suffering. Students learn in school is considered as theburden of life and the imposition of the will of their parents and teachers. Often occurs gap betweenthe desire of students to teachers' concerns, so that what is expected of students by teachers can’tmeet the goal. As a result, teachers often use anger and even violence to force the students understandthe lesson being taught. Negative behaviors performed by the teacher is not directly recorded in theminds of students and manifested in the form of daily actions. Quantum Teaching invites teachers toenter the world of students and teachers bring into the world. Teacher puts himself in line with thestudents and make learning fun. So that learning is no longer forced, but purely coming from eachstudent. Additionally, Quantum Teaching also apply 8 (eight) key advantage into daily lesson plans,namely: 1) integrity, 2) the failure of early success, 3) speak with good intentions, 4) live in today, 5)Commitment, 6) responsibility, 7) open and flexible attitude, 8) balance. Hopefully, the positivecharacter of the students can be formed through the fun of learning design.

Topic: Education and Character Development
Subfield: Education
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Generation mean analysis of important yield traits in Bitter gourd (Momordica charantia)

Generation mean analysis study in bitter gourd was undertaken using six basic generations viz. P1, P2, F1, F2, B1 and B2 population derived from crossing gynoecious line (IIHRBTGy - 491) with two monoecious lines (IIHR Sel -19 -1 and IIHR Sel-78-4). The gynoecious parent was superior for node for first female flowering, number of fruits and yield/plant whereas the monoecious parents were superior for fruit length, fruit diameter and fruit weight. The superior performance of F1 over better parent indicated over-dominance of these traits. F2 plants were significantly diverse. B1 and B2 population exhibited mean value closure to their recurrent parents. Significance of one or more scaling tests, i.e. A, B, C and D in most of the traits revealed the presence of epistasis in both the crosses except for node bearing 1st male flower. Days to 1st female flower opening, node bearing 1st female flower, fruit diameter and yield showed presence of duplicate epistasis whereas days to 1st male flower opening, number of fruits per plant, fruit length and fruit weight showed complimentary epistasis in IIHRBTGy - 491 × IIHR Sel -19 -1 cross. Node bearing 1st female flower, fruit length, fruit diameter and yield showed presence of duplicate epistasis whereas days to 1st female flower opening, days to 1st male flower opening, number of fruits and fruit weight showed complimentary epistasis in IIHRBTGy - 491× IIHR Sel-78-4 cross. Additive gene action may be predominant for inheritance of node bearing 1st male flower.

Topic: Advances in Cucurbitaceae Research
Subfield: Genetics
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
English reading courseware using persuasive design strategy for kindergarten / Nurulfathiah Kamarudin

There is a wide range of English Reading Courseware for kindergarten. However, it is difficult for the developer to select an appropriate theory that is parallel to the English course. We propose to use a Persuasive Design Strategy in constructing the cour seware as it is ensure an efficient motivating roadmap and at the same time, we are focusing on our target user to engage the changes from traditional method to the CD-ROM based teaching assistance. The developer conduct an interview and researches of case study to obtain an information and used Read Easy Phonics Book as a references. Before the courseware development begin, we make sure to sketch and organized a storyboard and navigation map. This is because, both are a great tools to ensure the developer know and understand the flow of the courseware content from the beginning to the end. After the development is complete, the expert and user evaluation had been done. The expert are required to fill in the result in Expert Evaluation Form, meanwhile the user evaluation are measured by using usability metrics of effectiveness, efficiency, and satisfaction. The evaluation is functioning as a measurement of the courseware succession and every comment and suggestions received from the expert will be considered as an enhancement in future.

Topic: Emotion and Mood Recognition
Subfield: Experimental and Cognitive Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Trends and Strategies of News on Social Media in the U.S.: A Multimethod Analysis

There is growing interest in how social media and news interact, but much of that information is not widely available because news organizations pay third party analytics services for proprietary data. This study, however, employs a multimethod design to explore the issue. First, a quantitative analysis of audience data and social media trends is based on an aggregate of metrics (Parse.ly) from hundreds of news organizations to identify the most popular news categories on the top social networks (Facebook, Twitter, Pinterest, LinkedIn, Instagram, and Reddit). Second, qualitative interviews are conducted with social media strategists at four U.S. news organizations to capture emerging trends of best social media practices within newsrooms, including humanizing content, shifting coverage, training, encouraging subscriptions, third-party tools, and crowdsourcing.

Topic: Social Media and Politics
Subfield: Communication
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences