jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Prorenin receptor acts as a potential molecular target for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma diagnosis

Recent studies have implicated the prorenin receptor (PRR) is associated with pancreatic tumorigenesis. We therefore investigated the role of PRR in pancreatic tumorigenesis and assessed whether PRR can serve as a target for imaging diagnosis at early stages of PDAC. Here we show that aberrant expression of PRR in premalignant PanIN lesions, and human PDAC samples, and PDAC cell lines, particularly in Panc-1 cells. Interestingly, PRR expression was positively associated with PDAC progression. Moreover, overexpression of human PRR resulted in increased cell proliferation and decreased apoptosis, while knockdown of human PRR caused decreased cell proliferation and enhanced apoptosis in pancreatic cancer cells. We also observed that overexpression of human PRR enhanced MAPK and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways in PDAC cells, while knockdown of human PRR suppressed both of pathways. The confocal imaging analysis showed that human PRR was highly expressed in Panc-1, ASPC, and Miapaca cells, whereas BXPC-3, and HPAC cells had a significantly lower fluorescent signals. Consistently, the single-photon emission computed tomography (SPET/CT) showed that the uptake of anti-PRR labelled with <sup>125</sup>I was higher in Panc-1 and ASPC tumors-bearing mice after 96 hours injection. Importantly, tumors in pancreas of <i>Pdx1-cre; LSL-Kras<sup>G12D</sup></i> mice had a significant increased PRR expression and accumulation of radioactivity at 96 h after injection. These data suggest that <sup>125</sup>I-anti-PRR can detect the orthotopic tumors in <i>Pdx1-cre; LSL-Kras<sup>G12D</sup></i> mice. Therefore, anti-PRR labelled with <sup>125</sup>I is a promising radiotracer for imaging diagnosis at early stages of pancreatic cancer.

Topic: Hormonal Regulation and Hypertension
Subfield: Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Laboratory Earthquake Ruptures Contained by Velocity Strengthening Fault Patches

Abstract Many natural faults are believed to consist of velocity weakening (VW) patches surrounded by velocity strengthening (VS) sections. Numerical studies routinely employ this framework to study earthquake sequences including repeating earthquakes. In this laboratory study, we made a VW asperity, of length L , from a bare Poly(methyl methacrylate) PMMA frictional interface and coated the surrounding interface with Teflon to make VS fault sections. Behavior of this isolated asperity was studied as a function of L (ranging from 100 to 400 mm) and the critical nucleation length, , which is inversely proportional to the applied normal stress (2–16 MPa). Consistent with recent numerical simulations, we observed aseismic slip for &lt; 2, periodic slip for 2 &lt; &lt; 6, and non‐periodic slip for 10 &lt; . Furthermore, we compared the experiments where L was contained by VS material to standard stick‐slip events where L was bounded by free surfaces (i.e., L = the total sample length). The free surface case produced ∼10 times larger slip during stick‐slip events compared to the contained fault ruptures, even with identical . This disparity highlights how standard, complete‐rupture stick‐slip events differ from contained events expected in nature, due to both the free surface conditions and the heterogeneous normal stress along the fault near the free ends, as confirmed by Digital Image Correlation analysis. This study not only introduces the Teflon coating experimental technique for containing laboratory earthquake ruptures, but also highlights the utility of as a predictive parameter for earthquake behavior.

Topic: earthquake and tectonic studies
Subfield: Geophysics
Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences
Domain: Physical Sciences
Further Observations on the Potentiation of the Antibacterial Effect of Methenamine by Acetohydroxamic Acid

<P>Abstract copyright UK Data Service and data collection copyright owner.</P>The <i>Labour Force Survey</i> (LFS) has been carried out in the UK since 1973. From 1973 until 1983 the survey was carried out biennially, and from 1984 until 1991 it was conducted annually. In 1992 the quarterly LFS was introduced. For full background and methodological information users should refer to the main <i>Quarterly Labour Force Survey</i> (QLFS) series (held at the UK Data Archive (UKDA) under GN 33246).<br> <br> The <i>Local Area Data</i> series was produced quarterly alongside the main QLFS from 1992-2006, and included aggregated data on employment, economic activity and related subjects, covering Local Authority Districts (LADs), Training and Enterprise Councils (TECs), and their Scottish and Welsh equivalents. From 1992 until August 1997, the data covered Great Britain, and from September 1997 data from Northern Ireland were added. The <i>Local Area Data</i> were also available as an annual database between 1994-1995 and 1999-2000, for LADs at individual level, but these are no longer produced.<br> <br> <b>LFS move from seasonal to calendar quarters</b><br> In accordance with EU regulations, the LFS moved from seasonal (spring, summer, autumn, winter) quarters to calendar quarters (January-March, April-June, July-September, October-December) in 2006. The last seasonal <i>Local Area Data</i> dataset issued was the <i>Quarterly Labour Force Survey, December 2005 - February, 2006: Local Area Data</i> (SN 5392), and the first calendar quarter dataset was the <i>Quarterly Labour Force Survey, January - March, 2006: Local Area Data</i> (SN 5393). Users should note that there is some overlap between these two datasets. Further information on the seasonal to calendar quarter change and its impact on LFS data may be found in the following online article:<br> Madouros, V. (2006) <i>Impact of the switch from seasonal to calendar quarters in the Labour Force Survey</i>, London: ONS.<br> <br> <b>LFS Documentation</b><br> The User Guides available with the UK Data Archive's LFS studies are those available at the time of deposit. Users can access the updated guides online via the ONS <a href="http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/guide-method/method-quality/specific/labour-market/labour-market-statistics/index.html" title="Labour Force Survey User Guide">LFS User Guide</a> pages.<br>

Topic: Urinary Tract Infections Management
Subfield: Epidemiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Alexander von Humboldt: a metabiography

Alexander von Humboldt (1769-1859) is one of the most celebrated figures of late-modern science, famous for his work in physical geography, botanical geography, and climatology, and his role as one of the first great popularizers of the sciences. His momentous accomplishments have intrigued German biographers from the Prussian era to the fall of the Berlin wall, all of whom configured and reconfigured Humboldt's life according to the sensibilities of the day.This volume, the first metabiography of the great scientist, traces Humboldt's biographical identities through Germany's collective past to shed light on the historical instability of our scientific heroes.

Topic: Alexander von Humboldt Studies
Subfield: Microbiology
Field: Immunology and Microbiology
Domain: Life Sciences
Assessment of the Group Efficiency of the Farmers Producer Organization in the Old Alluvial Zone of Eastern India

A Farmer Producer Organization (FPO) is a collective of farmers who join together to form an organization to improve their agricultural production and marketing efforts. This study investigates the group efficiency of Farmer Producer Organizations (FPOs) in the Malda District of West Bengal, focusing on factors influencing their performance and collaboration networks. The study was conducted from 2020 to 2022 in the old alluvial zone, the study used a combination of simple and purposive sampling methods to gather data from 90 respondents across 9 villages. Statistical analyses included descriptive statistics, correlation, regression, and advanced tests like ANOVA and Kruskal-Wallis, supported by factor analysis to identify efficiency drivers. Results highlight critical factors such as women’s participation, respect for opinions, and access to up-to-date information as pivotal for FPO effectiveness. Network analysis reveals stronger institutional collaborations in Group A compared to Groups B and C, underscoring their impact on group efficiency. Findings emphasize the importance of inclusive decision-making processes and supportive external networks for enhancing FPO performance in rural contexts.

Topic: Agricultural Innovations and Practices
Subfield: General Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Genetic Analyses of HIV-1 <i>env</i> Sequences Demonstrate Limited Compartmentalization in Breast Milk and Suggest Viral Replication within the Breast That Increases with Mastitis

ABSTRACT The concentration of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is generally lower in breast milk than in blood. Mastitis, or inflammation of the breast, is associated with increased levels of milk HIV-1 and risk of mother-to-child transmission through breastfeeding. We hypothesized that mastitis facilitates the passage of HIV-1 from blood into milk or stimulates virus production within the breast. HIV-1 env sequences were generated from single amplicons obtained from breast milk and blood samples in a cross-sectional study. Viral compartmentalization was evaluated using several statistical methods, including the Slatkin and Maddison (SM) test. Mastitis was defined as an elevated milk sodium (Na + ) concentration. The association between milk Na + and the pairwise genetic distance between milk and blood viral sequences was modeled using linear regression. HIV-1 was compartmentalized within milk by SM testing in 6/17 (35%) specimens obtained from 9 women, but all phylogenetic clades included viral sequences from milk and blood samples. Monotypic sequences were more prevalent in milk samples than in blood samples (22% versus 13%; P = 0.012), which accounted for half of the compartmentalization observed. Mastitis was not associated with compartmentalization by SM testing ( P = 0.621), but Na + was correlated with greater genetic distance between milk and blood HIV-1 populations ( P = 0.041). In conclusion, local production of HIV-1 within the breast is suggested by compartmentalization of virus and a higher prevalence of monotypic viruses in milk specimens. However, phylogenetic trees demonstrate extensive mixing of viruses between milk and blood specimens. HIV-1 replication in breast milk appears to increase with inflammation, contributing to higher milk viral loads during mastitis.

Topic: HIV Research and Treatment
Subfield: Virology
Field: Immunology and Microbiology
Domain: Life Sciences
Frequency of vernalization requirement associated dominant VRN-A1 gene and earliness related Esp-A1 candidate genes in advanced wheat mutant lines and effect of allele on flowering time

Seeds of the spring bread wheat variety Zhenis, registered in Kazakhstan, were irradiated with 100 and 200 Gray doses from a [60Co] γ-ray radiation source. Promising advanced M5 mutant lines were obtained and evaluated for mapping density of vernalization requirement associated dominant VRN-A1 gene and earliness related Esp-A1 candidate genes in 30 spring wheat mutant lines along with parent. Differences among generated mutant lines and parent were observed on frequency of distribution of VRN-A1 gene and Eps-A1 candidate gene alleles. Allelic variation at the VRN-A1 loci was observed in the 8 mutant lines (26.6%), mostly in 100 Gy mutant lines. A dominant (VRN) allele at its loci, which was present and indicated in these lines is sufficient to confer a spring growth habit. As for the candidate gene Esp-A1, eleven 100 Gy M5 mutant and six 200 Gy M5 lines, had Esp-A1 candidate gene allele. The two lines24(2) and 43(4) carrying dominant allele of VRN-A1 had higher thousand kernel weight. Mutant lines carrying allele of Eps-A1 candidate gene found significantly differed from the parent especially in 100 Gy lines (73.3%) in flowering time.

Topic: Wheat and Barley Genetics and Pathology
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
THE THEORY AND PRACTICE OF HIGHER EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS MANAGEMENT IN UKRAINE

The theory and practice of management of higher educational establishments of Ukraine has a long history and is characterized by considerable experience and traditions. The article presents the findings study of the theory and practice of management in higher educational institutions in Ukraine in XIX – beginning of XXI century. The main periods of development of the theory and practice of management in higher educational institutions in Ukraine in XIX – beginning of XXI century is determined: 1802–1832, 1833–1862, 1863–1883, 1884–1917, 1917–1920, 1921-1990, 1991–2019 years as well as the characteristic features and tendencies of each of them. Views of N. Pirogov (the complete autonomy, the decentralization of universities’ management, the Ministerial panel of respected scientists interuniversity publicity etc.), K. Ushinskiy (the internal university management, the management of schools district etc.), M. Kostomarov (the idea of «an open university», increasing the authority of the University and others) and others are actualized in the investigation. The works above authors as a reliable on the basis in the development of the new trend of interdisciplinary scientific knowledge – universitology.

Topic: Education and Social Development in Ukraine
Subfield: Education
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Serologic properties of lipopolysaccharide endotoxins from oral fusobacteria

abstract – Phenol‐water extracted lipopolysaccharides (LPS) from four strains of fusobacteria were studied by hemagglutination and precipitation techniques. The results indicate that LPS from fusobacteria are serologically type specific. LPS from any one bacterial strain may contain more than one determinant group, carried by the same molecular complex. The determinant groups are of carbohydrate nature. Hemagglutination inhibition studies with mono‐ and disaccharides supported this concept and gave information on the chemical composition of one of four determinant groups detected in the four strains examined. Serologic activity of the protein component of LPS preparations could not be demonstrated.

Topic: Oral microbiology and periodontitis research
Subfield: Periodontics
Field: Dentistry
Domain: Health Sciences
Employment of ex-prisoners with mental health problems: a review

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine the research within the area of employment for ex-prisoners who have a Serious Mental Illness (SMI). Design/methodology/approach – A review of the literature examining the employment of ex-offenders who have a SMI whilst also presenting a possible novel solution. Findings – The research highlights a distinct lack of employment opportunities and numerous barriers for offenders with research often failing to distinguish between those who have mental health difficulties. However, early findings suggest that Individual Placement and Support (IPS) approaches can generate competitive employment for this population. Practical implications – Offenders with a SMI are often routinely excluded from vocational services due to their mental health. This review has indicated that the way in which such offenders are treated in prison and reintegrated into the community needs to be addressed. Social implications – By tackling this issue not only could the mental health and quality of life of ex-offenders be improved through sustained employment, but the marked economic costs to society that unemployment and recidivism encompasses could also be alleviated. Originality/value – This review not only suggests a possible solution to the problems faced by offenders with mental health difficulties in gaining employment, but also presents a novel approach to future research that extends to outlining causal explanations for what works for whom.

Topic: Psychopathy, Forensic Psychiatry, Sexual Offending
Subfield: Clinical Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Impaired compensatory response to hypovolaemic circulatory stress in type 1 diabetes mellitus

Diabetes mellitus is associated with decreased haemodynamic stability and reduced tolerance to hypovolaemia. Compensatory haemodynamic responses during experimental hypovolaemia in type 1 diabetes patients with (DMR+) and without (DMR-) retinopathy as well as healthy controls (C) were studied. Lower body negative pressure created hypovolaemic circulatory stress. Volumetric techniques were used to assess the compensatory capacitance response (redistribution of peripheral venous blood to the central circulation) and to assess capillary fluid absorption from tissue to blood. The compensatory capacitance response was 1/3 lower in DMR+ compared with C ( p = 0.002) and DMR- ( p = 0.01). Net capillary fluid absorption was reduced by one-third in DMR- and DMR+ compared with C (each p &lt; 0.05). Type 1 diabetes patients with retinopathy demonstrate reduced mobilisation of peripheral venous blood to the central circulation. Furthermore, type 1 diabetes patients present with impaired capillary fluid absorption, which in combination with potentially decreased sympathetic vasoconstriction impedes cardiovascular homeostasis during acute hypovolaemic stress.

Topic: Heart Rate Variability and Autonomic Control
Subfield: Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
CCDC 694490: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.

Topic: Crystallization and Solubility Studies
Subfield: Materials Chemistry
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
A CASE OF ACUTE AORTIC OCCLUSION WITH RENAL INFARCTION CAUSED BY HES (HYPEREOSINOPHILIC SYNDROME)

A case of acute aortic occlusion accompanied with renal infarction, which might be caused by HES hypereosinophilic syndrome), is reported. A 35-year-old male, who was suddenly seized with lumbago and pain in lower extremities, was admitted to our hospital. Thrombectomy of aorta, embolectomy of left renal artery by bench sugery and anto-transplantation of the left kidney were performed under a diangosis of aortic bifurcation occlusion and renal infarction. Because of a persistent hypereosinophilia, significant elevation in serum vitamin B12 and a lack of any other causes, aortic occlusion with renal infarction was considered to be caused by HES. Up to now, such a case of HES, which developed with acute arterial occlusion and was dealed with arterial reconstruction, has not been reported in Japan.

Topic: Eosinophilic Disorders and Syndromes
Subfield: Rheumatology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Difference in the association between average lamina cribrosa thickness (avgLCT) and HFA MD in glaucoma patients with generalized enlargement (GE)-type discs and non-GE discs.

&lt;p&gt;(A) Representative appearance of a GE disc. (B) Comparison of avgLCT in patients with non-GE and GE discs.&lt;/p&gt;

Topic: Genetic and Environmental Crop Studies
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
The guardians of inherited oncogenic vulnerabilities

Similar to seemingly maladaptive genes in general, the persistence of inherited cancer-causing mutant alleles in populations remains a challenging question for evolutionary biologists. In addition to traditional explanations such as senescence or antagonistic pleiotropy, here we put forward a new hypothesis to explain the retention of oncogenic mutations. We propose that although natural defenses evolve to prevent neoplasm formation and progression thus increasing organismal fitness, they also conceal the effects of cancer-causing mutant alleles on fitness and concomitantly protect inherited ones from purging by purifying selection. We also argue for the importance of the ecological contexts experienced by individuals and/or species. These contexts determine the locally predominant fitness-reducing risks, and hence can aid the prediction of how natural selection will influence cancer outcomes.

Topic: Cancer Genomics and Diagnostics
Subfield: Cancer Research
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Surface Activity of Humic Acid and Its Sub-Fractions from Forest Soil

Surface activity of humic acid (HA) and its six sub-fractions isolated from forest soil were characterized by surface tension measurements, dynamic light scattering, and laser doppler electrophoresis. The surface tension of HA and its sub-fractions reduced from 72.4 mN·m−1 to 36.8 mN·m−1 in exponential model with the increasing concentration from 0 to 2000 mg·L−1. The critical micelle concentration (CMC) and Z-average particle size ranged from 216–1024 mg·L−1 and 108.2–186.9 nm for HA and its sub-fractions, respectively. The CMC have related with alkyl C, O-alkyl C, aromatic C, and carbonyl C (p &lt; 0.05), respectively, and could be predicted with the multiple linear regression equation of CMC, CMC = 18896 − 6.9 × C-296 × alkyl C-331 × aromatic C-17019 × H/C + 4054 × HB/HI (p &lt; 0.05). The maximum particle size was 5000 nm after filtered by a membrane with pore size of 450 nm, indicating HA and its sub-fractions could progressed self-assembly at pH 6.86. The aggregate sizes of number-base particle size distributions were mainly in six clusters including 2 ± 1 nm, 5 ± 2 nm, 10 ± 3 nm, 21 ± 8 nm, 40 ± 10 nm, and &gt;50 nm analyzed by Gaussian model that maybe due to the inconsistency of the components and structures of the HA sub-fractions, requiring further study. It is significance to explore the surface activity of HA and its sub-fractions, which is helpful to clarify the environmental behavior of HA.

Topic: Water Quality and Resources Studies
Subfield: Water Science and Technology
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Error Bounds for Compound Poisson Approximations of the Individual Risk Model

Abstract The approximation of the individual risk model by a compound Poisson model plays an important role in computational risk theory. It is thus desirable to have sharp lower and upper bounds for the error resulting from this approximation if the aggregate claims distribution, related probabilities or stop-loss premiums are calculated. The aim of this paper is to unify the ideas and to extend to a more general setting the work done in this connection by Bühlmann et al. (1977), Gerber (1984) and others. The quality of the presented bounds is discussed and a comparison with the results of Hipp (1985) and Hipp &amp; Michel (1990) is made.

Topic: Probability and Risk Models
Subfield: Management Science and Operations Research
Field: Decision Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
An Irish Bronze Casting formerly preserved at Killua Castle, co. Westmeath

The bronze casting (fig. 1) was recently purchased by the Royal Irish Academy. It was one of the antiquities preserved at Killua Castle, co. Westmeath, but its previous history is unknown. The length of the casting is 4·4 in.: the raised box-shaped portion is 2·4 in. in breadth, while the flat portion measures at its widest part 1·5 in. Possibly it was the limb of a cruciform mounting for a book-cover. Its ornamentation is admirable.

Topic: Archaeological Research and Protection
Subfield: Space and Planetary Science
Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences
Domain: Physical Sciences