jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Additional file 8: of De novo profiling of RNA viruses in Anopheles malaria vector mosquitoes from forest ecological zones in Senegal and Cambodia

Unclassified Virus Sequences. Sequence assemblies for 39 non-redundant contigs &gt;â 500 nucleotides, unclassified by sequence similarity to known viruses. The small RNA profile matched a pattern of classic RNAi processing of viral replication intermediates, suggesting they are undescribed viruses. In fasta text sequence file format. (FASTA 38 kb)

Topic: Mosquito-borne diseases and control
Subfield: Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Low Power Bistable-Body Tunnel SRAM

A bistable-body tunnel SRAM is proposed and validated using simulations. This cell, using one transistor and two tunnel diodes, is a high speed, low power static memory cell, offering over four orders of magnitude reduction in static power compared to 6T SRAM at the 32 nm technology node. The speed of the cell is comparable to the 6T SRAM. A layout with cell area equal to 48 F2 is shown. A two-transistor based negative-differential -resistance element is analyzed as an alternative to tunnel diode in bistable-body Tunnel SRAM. The peak to valley ratio of 2000 is obtained for the two-transistor based NDR element at the 32 nm transistor technology node.

Topic: Semiconductor materials and devices
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Introduction

Even by the standards at the time of the first edition, programming for some patients can still be a challenge. Even with the old systems, there were literally thousands of possible combinations of stimulator parameters which often intimidates programmers. The increase in functionality, such as multiple stimulation patterns and interleaved electrode configurations, has exponentially increased the number of combinations of DBS settings. Fortunately, most patients respond to a similar and narrow range of combinations, provided that the DBS stimulating leads are optimally placed. For other patients, however, dedicated effort is required to identify the optimal combination. The greatest danger for patients is that programmers will give up too soon. The premise of this text is that post-operative DBS programming can be made more effective and efficient by knowing some basic electrophysiological principles and some details of neuroanatomy.

Topic: Neurological disorders and treatments
Subfield: Neurology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Acute Renin and Renal Blood Flow Responses During Selective Renal Angiography

Katzberg, R. W. M.D.; Burgener, F. A. M.D.; Morris, T. W. Ph.D.; Kamm, D. E. M.D.; Fischer, H. W. M.D. Author Information

Topic: Renal and Vascular Pathologies
Subfield: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Antiviral Medication Use and Cost of Hepatitis Infected Diseases among 105 Hospitals in China from 2009 to 2013

Due to their parasitic nature, viruses are not easy to treat clinically.Antiviral medications (antivirals) are a cost-effective method to reduce viral replication, and their use may decrease liver complications, hospitalizations, and mortality [1,2].However, very few antivirals are clinically effective for the long-term treatment of viral diseases.With the recent, rapid, and global spread of viral diseases such as influenza, viral hepatitis, and AIDS, the demand for antivirals has sharply increased, promoting the development of new drugs.An estimated 120 million people are infected with hepatitis B virus (HBV) in China, which accounts for about 1/3 of the total Antiviral Medication Use and Cost of Hepatitis Infected Diseases among 105 Hospitals in China from 2009 to 2013

Topic: Hepatitis C virus research
Subfield: Hepatology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Phenyloxycarbonyl (Phoc) Carbamate: Chemioselective Reactivity and Tetra-<i>n</i>-butylammonium Fluoride Deprotection Study

We present the results of the chemoselective reactivity of phenylcarbamates. Phenylcarbamates of primary amines are reactive to form urea, and phenylcarbamates of secondary amines can be used as tags due to the existence of rotamers. Moreover, deprotection attempts to to recover the primary amines in use of a catalytic amount of TBAF show the possibility of obtaining the symmetrical urea from the corresponding phenylcarbamate. We have begun the study of the transformation of Phoc carbamates into the corresponding free amines by TBAF. We present here our most significant results concerning the sensitivity of this reaction in terms of the solvent and substrate.

Topic: Chemical Synthesis and Analysis
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Colony forming units quantification in mycoplasma cultures by artificial vision system

This research proposes the application of an automatic system for the recognition and counting of colony forming units (CFU) for mycoplasmas, applying a digital image treatment technique. This initiative will facilitate the quantification of colonies, in order to accelerate the diagnostic processes in research where these microorganisms of relevance in public health are involved.

Topic: Microbial infections and disease research
Subfield: Microbiology
Field: Immunology and Microbiology
Domain: Life Sciences
Introduction

Major geopolitical changes since the late 1980s, as well as growing international migration and increasing emphasis on selective migration policies, have contributed to reshaping significantly immigrant populations in the OECD countries over the two last decades. In the near future, increasing demographic imbalances between developed and developing countries may contribute to exacerbating on-going migration patterns. Despite these changes and the heightened policy interest in international migration, the quality and comparability of international data on the phenomenon have scarcely kept pace. ----- Les changements géopolitiques majeurs de la fin des années 80, ainsi que l'accroissement des migrations internationales et l'accent mis sur les politiques d'immigration sélectives ont contribué, au cours des deux dernières décennies, à changer de manière significative la structure des populations immigrées dans les pays de l'OCDE. À court terme, les déséquilibres démographiques croissants entre les pays développés et les pays en développement vont probablement contribuer à renforcer les déterminants actuels des migrations. En dépit de ces changements et de l'intérêt accru pour les migrations internationales dans la sphère politique, la qualité et la comparabilité des données internationales concernant ce phénomène n'ont pas suivi ces évolutions.

Topic: Multiculturalism, Politics, Migration, Gender
Subfield: Political Science and International Relations
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
A SECURITY FRAMEWORK IN CLOUD COMPUTING INFRASTRUCTURE

In a typical cloud computing diverse facilitating components like hardware, software, firmware, networking, and services integrate to offer different computational facilities, while Internet or a private network (or VPN) provides the required backbone to deliver the services. The security risks to the cloud system delimit the benefits of cloud computing like “on-demand, customized resource availability and performance management”. It is understood that current IT and enterprise security solutions are not adequate to address the cloud security issues. This paper explores the challenges and issues of security concerns of cloud computing through different standard and novel solutions. We propose analysis and architecture for incorporating different security schemes, techniques and protocols for cloud computing, particularly in Infrastructure-as-a-Service (IaaS) and Platform-as-a-Service (PaaS) systems. The proposed architecture is generic in nature, not dependent on the type of cloud deployment, application agnostic and is not coupled with the underlying backbone. This would facilitate to manage the cloud system more effectively and provide the administrator to include the specific solution to counter the threat. We have also shown using experimental data how a cloud service provider can estimate the charging based on the security service it provides and security-related cost-benefit analysis can be estimated.<br>

Topic: Network Security and Intrusion Detection
Subfield: Computer Networks and Communications
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Transition rates via Bethe ansatz for the spin-½ Heisenberg chain

We use the exact determinantal representation derived by Kitanine, Maillet,\nand Terras for matrix elements of local spin operators between Bethe wave\nfunctions of the one-dimensional s=1/2 Heisenberg model to calculate and\nnumerically evaluate transition rates pertaining to dynamic spin structure\nfactors. For real solutions z_1,...,z_r of the Bethe ansatz equations, the size\nof the determinants is of order r x r. We present applications to the\nzero-temperature spin fluctuations parallel and perpendicular to an external\nmagnetic field.\n

Topic: Algebraic structures and combinatorial models
Subfield: Geometry and Topology
Field: Mathematics
Domain: Physical Sciences
Role of innate lymphoid cells in paediatric severe therapy resistant asthma

Background Children with severe therapy-resistant asthma (STRA) have poor control despite maximal therapy. The pattern of airway inflammation in severe disease may therefore be less steroid sensitive. Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are immune cells of lymphoid morphology that do not express typical antigen receptors but mirror the functions of T cells. They are classified into three groups. ILC2s express CD127 and CRTH2, secrete Th2 cytokines, express GATA3 and are induced by IL-33 which is steroid resistant and increased in paediatric STRA. I hypothesised that airway ILC2s are increased in STRA and are steroid resistant, thus contributing to disease pathology. I characterised ILC2s in induced sputum (IS), broncho-alveolar lavage (BAL) and peripheral blood (PBMC) in children with STRA compared to non-asthmatic controls and investigated their response to systemic steroids. Methods BAL, PBMCs and IS were obtained from 18 STRA children and 16 with chronic inflammation (CI) undergoing a clinically indicated bronchoscopy. IS was obtained in an additional 13 children with STRA and 6 with CI. Cells were analysed by multi-parametric flow cytometry for ILC and Th2 markers. Assessments of sputum ILCs were performed in STRA before and after systemic steroids. In vitro cultures of PBMCs were undertaken to determine ILC and T cell responses to allergen and steroids. Results ILC2s were identified in IS from STRA, but not CI, and were significantly higher in BAL and sputum than PBMCs in STRA. Th2 cells were ten-fold higher than ILC2s in all compartments. Sputum ILC2s decreased following systemic steroids and PBMC cultures showed a significant reduction in ILC2s with steroids. Conclusion ILC2s were elevated in children with STRA and were more abundant in airways than peripherally. However, Th2 cells were the predominant lymphoid airway cell type. Unlike IL-33, ILC2s were steroid sensitive thus their contribution in mediating severe, steroid resistant disease remains uncertain

Topic: IL-33, ST2, and ILC Pathways
Subfield: Immunology
Field: Immunology and Microbiology
Domain: Life Sciences
Drug Trafficking Wars

Decision making in the face of risk from law enforcement is considered from the perspective provided by theoretical models of interdependent decisions of potential drug smugglers regarding entry and the use of violence following entry. Implications of three different models of decision making under risk are examined: expected value, expected utility, and prospect theory. The theoretical results help explain many observed characteristics of drug-smuggling operations and allow clarification of some implications drawn from studies of smuggling behavior that were not considered in the context of such models.

Topic: Crime, Illicit Activities, and Governance
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Voci dal Settantasette : Orality and historical experience in Enrico Palandri's Boccalone and Pier Vittorio Tondelli's Altri libertini

Palandri's novel Boccalone and Pier Vittorio Tondelli's collection of short stories Altri libertini, have both been read as literary and sociological portraits of the generation involved in the settantasette movement. Even if it holds true that both books do refer to events and practices linked to the Movimento, this historical background is evoked through rather fragmented and vague hints, and is never incorporated into a clear-cut sociopolitical agenda. The reasons why precisely these works of fiction have been considered as incisive portraits of the settantasette generation may have to do with the relationship between narrative economy and historical experience in both texts. In particular in Boccalone, the intertwining of the personal and the political (elaborated through the political dimension of desire and the infernal mecanisms of paranoia) is not just decisive for the plot, but determines (and jeopardizes) the very act of story-telling and the very possibility of narrative discourse.

Topic: Italian Literature and Culture
Subfield: General Arts and Humanities
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Efficiency of Different Mass Transfer Modes in Electrochemical Oxidation Treatment for Landfill Leachate

The effect of different mass transfer ways in landfill leachate treatment by electrochemical oxidation was studied, the electrochemical oxidation rate, current efficiency and energy consumption were mainly discussed by four different mass transfer ways—including higher pressure water jet electrode, aeration, mixing and natural convection. The results show that mass transfer way has an important influence for NH4+-N and CODcr removal in electrochemical oxidation landfill leachate, high pressure water jet has high current efficiency, oxidation rate and lower energy consumption, which is 7.41 mg/L.min, 48% and 0.11 Kwh/gNH4+-N in electrolytic 6 hours, respectively. Different mass transfer ways have different mass transfer coefficient, improving mass transfer coefficient could increase transfer rate and the overall efficiency of system.

Topic: Advanced oxidation water treatment
Subfield: Water Science and Technology
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
The Evaluation Study of Prosperous Family Savings and Prosperous Family Business Credit in Soppeng Regency

The proposed study was to know implementation of Prosperous Family Savings (Takesra) and Prosperous Family Business Credit (Kukesra). This study was conducted in Soppeng Regency, South Sulawesi Province. The total sample was 76 women accepting Takesra and Kukesra. Takesra/Kukesra implementation processes involve inputs, process and output. The outputs of Takesra were: 1) active depositors were 26,32 % and passive depositors were 73,68 %. 2) The balance of Takesra declines from Rp. 101.435.435 to Rp. 99.777.131. The outputs of Kukesra were: 1) amount of groups accepting Kukesra increases from 140 groups to 163 groups. 2) amount of Kukesra fund rises from Rp. 210.740.000 to Rp. 281.460.000. 3) amount of groups behind in their credit payments declined from 75 groups to 64 groups. 4) amount of Kukesra outstanding declined from Rp. 58.984.493 to Rp. 55.876.084. 5) Paired Samples t Test showed that income after receiving Kukesra was different than before. The SpearmanA‚ÂiA‚Â¦s Correlation Analysis showed that knowledge about Takesra/ Kukesra was related to attitude of participant. The Chi-Square Analysis showed that attitude of participant was related to being active of Takesra. PearsonA‚ÂiA‚Â¦s Correlation Analysis showed that amount of Kukesra was related to the increase income.

Topic: Family Business Performance and Succession
Subfield: Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management
Field: Business, Management and Accounting
Domain: Social Sciences
Infusion of Smartphone Technologies in Hospitality Service Experience

This study explored the infusion of smartphone technologies into hospitality service experience from a phenomenological approach. In-depth interviews were conducted with smartphone users who had firsthand hospitality service experience. Data analysis revealed four unique patterns within smartphone-equipped customers’ service experiences: the extended control facilitated by smartphone technologies, the functional gap between mediated and interpersonal services, the infusion of solitude into a communal experience, and the interactions among different service processes. Based on these results, this study developed a conceptual framework of the infusion of smartphone technologies in hospitality service experience. Theoretical and managerial implications of the findings were also discussed.

Topic: Digital Marketing and Social Media
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Studies of new approaches to the total synthesis of steroids

This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author. Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.

Topic: Steroid Chemistry and Biochemistry
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Relationship Between Serum Levels of Oxidized Lipoproteins, Circulating Levels of Myeloperoxidase and Paraoxonase 1, and Diet in Young Subjects with Insulin Resistance

Oxidized low-density lipoproteins (ox-LDLs) are involved in atherosclerotic plaque formation and progression and have been linked to insulin resistance (IR). Myeloperoxidase is a potent oxidant of lipoproteins related to atherogenic risk. High-density lipoproteins (HDLs) are considered antioxidants due to their association with paraoxonase 1 (PON1). However, HDL can also be oxidized (ox-HDL), and its relationship with IR has not been described. This study evaluated the relationship between circulating levels of myeloperoxidase and paraoxonase 1, diet, and serum levels of ox-LDL and ox-HDL in young people with IR. This cross-sectional study examined 136 young subjects (67 and 69 with and without insulin resistance, respectively). Serum levels of ox-LDL, ox-HDL, myeloperoxidase, and PON1 were quantified using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The nutritional dietary content of the foods was determined with a food frequency questionnaire, which was analyzed with Nutrimind 2013 software. Serum ox-HDL levels were higher in young subjects without IR than those with IR (p = 0.031). Women with IR presented increased ox-LDL levels compared with women without IR (p = 0.012) and men with IR (p &lt; 0.001). In the IR group, serum ox-LDL levels were negatively correlated with total cholesterol, triglycerides, and LDL-C, whereas the correlation was positive in the insulin-sensitive group. Consumption of vitamins B1 and B2 was related to increased HDL-C levels, while higher ox-LDL levels were related to vitamin K intake. In addition, low energy consumption and phosphorus increased PON1 levels. The results suggest that insulin resistance in young women may promote lipoprotein oxidation, and the intake of B complex vitamins may have an antiatherogenic effect.

Topic: Paraoxonase enzyme and polymorphisms
Subfield: Clinical Biochemistry
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Ultrasound-Guided Venous Catheter Placement in Prone Position

The prone position is often used for patients with adult respiratory distress syndrome and specific surgical postures. When performing venous cannulation in this position, it is important to have a structured review to introduce the available major veins and ultrasound-guided procedure. In this review, we discuss the techniques of ultrasound-guided cannulation and provide insights into various aspects, including the anatomical locations of veins, vein sizes, placement techniques, surrounding structures at risk, and reported experiences with catheter placements. Eight major veins can be accessed in the prone position: the internal jugular vein, external jugular vein, brachiocephalic vein, basilic vein, mid-thigh femoral vein, popliteal vein, posterior tibial vein, and small saphenous vein. To minimize the risk of venous thromboembolism, the ratio of catheter diameter to vessel diameter should be less than 0.67. The review also presents the minimal requirement of venous diameter for different catheters in a tabulated form. For larger veins, real-time ultrasound guidance with the long-axis view/in-plane technique is suggested, while for smaller vessels, the short-axis view/out-of-plane technique is recommended. The review includes sonographic illustrations of the two techniques and surrounding arteries and nerves for the eight major veins. The aim of this review is to help clinicians assess the eight major veins and safely insert various types of catheters for patients in the prone position.

Topic: Central Venous Catheters and Hemodialysis
Subfield: Emergency Medical Services
Field: Health Professions
Domain: Health Sciences
Context effects on gaze during perception of ambiguous face morphs

Previous research revealed that context information (e.g., names, faces) influences the subsequent perception of ambiguous face morphs. Using eye-tracking, we will investigate how context information influences the information sampling strategy for ambiguous face morphs that contain expectation-confirming and expectation-contradicting information.

Topic: Face Recognition and Perception
Subfield: Cognitive Neuroscience
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences
Exploring the role of diffusive coupling in spatiotemporal chaos

We explore the chaotic dynamics of a large one-dimensional lattice of coupled maps with diffusive coupling of varying strength using the covariant Lyapunov vectors (CLVs). Using a lattice of diffusively coupled quadratic maps, we quantify the growth of spatial structures in the chaotic dynamics as the strength of diffusion is increased. When the diffusion strength is increased from zero, we find that the leading Lyapunov exponent decreases rapidly from a positive value to zero to yield a small window of periodic dynamics which is then followed by chaotic dynamics. For values of the diffusion strength beyond the window of periodic dynamics, the leading Lyapunov exponent does not vary significantly with the strength of diffusion with the exception of a small variation for the largest diffusion strengths we explore. The Lyapunov spectrum and fractal dimension are described analytically as a function of the diffusion strength using the eigenvalues of the coupling operator. The spatial features of the CLVs are quantified and compared with the eigenvectors of the coupling operator. The chaotic dynamics are composed entirely of physical modes for all of the conditions we explore. The leading CLV is highly localized and localization decreases with increasing strength of the spatial coupling. The violation of the dominance of Oseledets splitting indicates that the entanglement of pairs of CLVs becomes more significant between neighboring CLVs as the strength of diffusion is increased.

Topic: Chaos control and synchronization
Subfield: Statistical and Nonlinear Physics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
ChemInform Abstract: The Tartrolons, New Boron‐Containing Antibiotics from a Myxobacterium, Sorangium cellulosum.

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.

Topic: Organoboron and organosilicon chemistry
Subfield: Organic Chemistry
Field: Chemistry
Domain: Physical Sciences