jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF VARIOUS ATARACTIC DRUGS

1. Clinical evaluations have been made upon 1,450 trials with chlorpromazine, a combination of Thorazine and reserpine, Frenquel, Pacatal, and Serpasil. 2. The patient material utilized for this study consisted of a very chronic, inpatient population of a state hospital with a very high percentage of schizophrenic reactions. 3. All 5 compounds tested appear to be of benefit in some respect, but not to the same degree. 4. Thorazine appears to be the most generally effective, and Frenquel the least. 5. All drugs appear most effective in the treatment of early cases and least effective in the very chronic. 6. High dosages of drugs do not appear to provide any benefit over and above the benefit derived from moderate dosage. 7. The incidence of side-effects is highest with Thorazine and Thorazine combined with reserpine and lowest with Frequel. 8. Combined Thorazine-reserpine therapy does not follow the prediction that the good effects of each drug would be potentiated and the ill effects merely additive. Thorazine-reserpine produces a prohibitively high incidence of serious untoward effects. 9. Patients who do not respond to one drug may respond to another. Patients who respond moderately to one drug may respond maximally to another. 10. No single diagnostic category seems to respond outstandingly to any one drug. 11. Hyperactivity, combativeness and tension respond best to ataraxics. The response of insight, affect, judgment, and realistic planning is disappointing. 12. Our results support the concept that ataractic drugs are of value in the treatment of psychiatric disorders.

Topic: Mental Health and Psychiatry
Subfield: Philosophy
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Existence of stochastic entropy solutions for stochastic scalar balance laws with Lipschitz vector fields

In this paper, we consider a scalar stochastic balance law and gain the existence for stochastic entropy solutions. Our proof relies on the BGK approximation and the generalized Itô formula. Moreover, as an application, we derive the existence of stochastic entropy solutions for stochastic Buckley-Leverett type equations.

Topic: Stochastic processes and financial applications
Subfield: Finance
Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance
Domain: Social Sciences
Inhibition of adipocyte and whole-tissue lipoprotein lipase by rat high-density lipoprotein

Conference Article| February 01 1985 Inhibition of adipocyte and whole-tissue lipoprotein lipase by rat high-density lipoprotein SHEELAGH M. A. JONES; SHEELAGH M. A. JONES 1Department of Biochemistry, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, Newcastle upon Tyne NEI 7RU, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar M. PERENNA ROGERS M. PERENNA ROGERS 1Department of Biochemistry, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, Newcastle upon Tyne NEI 7RU, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem Soc Trans (1985) 13 (1): 130–132. https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0130130 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share MailTo Twitter LinkedIn Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation SHEELAGH M. A. JONES, M. PERENNA ROGERS; Inhibition of adipocyte and whole-tissue lipoprotein lipase by rat high-density lipoprotein. Biochem Soc Trans 1 February 1985; 13 (1): 130–132. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0130130 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Society Transactions Search Advanced Search Keywords: HD lipoprotein, high-density lipoprotein This content is only available as a PDF. © 1985 Biochemical Society1985 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.

Topic: Lipoproteins and Cardiovascular Health
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Role of Radiotherapy in Primary CD30+ and Pleomorphic Small/Medium-sized T-cell Lymphomas

Sir, In the treatment of cutaneous T-cell lymphomas, radiotherapy plays a well-known role in the management of mycosis fungoides (MF) and Sezary syndrome, as localized radiotherapy or total skin electron-beam irradiation. Furthermore, radiotherapy has been indicated as first choice treatment in large cell CD30+ lymphomas (LCCD30+L) (1, 2), and in pleomorphic small/medium-sized cells lymphomas (PSMSL) (1, 3, 4). The former is characterized by a single nodularulcerative lesion or grouped nodules, rarely multifocal, sometimes spontaneously regressing, showing histopathologically a diffuse non-epidermotropic infiltrate of large cells expressing CD30 phenotype. The latter is defined by the occurrence of one or several dark red nodules, due to a neoplastic infiltrate of pleomorphic small/medium-sized cells, without clinical evidence of concurrent patches typical for mycosis fungoides. In this short report we update our data on the radiological treatment of LCCD30+L (5), evaluate the results of radiotherapy in the treatment of PSMSL, and compare our findings with those reported in the literature (1–4, 6).

Topic: Cutaneous lymphoproliferative disorders research
Subfield: Dermatology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
A protocol for rheological characterization of hydrogels for tissue engineering strategies

Abstract Hydrogels are studied extensively for many tissue engineering applications, and their mechanical properties influence both cellular and tissue compatibility. However, it is difficult to compare the mechanical properties of hydrogels between studies due to a lack of continuity between rheological protocols. This study outlines a straightforward protocol to accurately determine hydrogel equilibrium modulus and gelation time using a series of rheological tests. These protocols are applied to several hydrogel systems used within tissue engineering applications: agarose, collagen, fibrin, Matrigel™, and methylcellulose. The protocol is outlined in four steps: (1) Time sweep to determine the gelation time of the hydrogel. (2) Strain sweep to determine the linear‐viscoelastic region of the hydrogel with respect to strain. (3) Frequency sweep to determine the linear equilibrium modulus plateau of the hydrogel. (4) Time sweep with values obtained from strain and frequency sweeps to accurately report the equilibrium moduli and gelation time. Finally, the rheological characterization protocol was evaluated using a composite Matrigel™‐methylcellulose hydrogel blend whose mechanical properties were previously unknown. The protocol described herein provides a standardized approach for proper analysis of hydrogel rheological properties. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 102B: 1063–1073, 2014.

Topic: Cellular Mechanics and Interactions
Subfield: Cell Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Crafting a Credible Black Self in African American Life Writing

Moody’s introduction observes that works of African American autobiography predate even the oft-cited 1760 Narrative of the Uncommon Sufferings, and Surprizing Deliverance of Briton Hammon, and the 1783 petition to the Commonwealth of Massachusetts filed by Belinda Royall (Sutton). Moody argues the genre of Black life writing has persistently appealed to African American authors telling life stories in promoting diverse causes from a range of African-descended ethnic backgrounds. She contends that the financial rewards of Michelle Obama’s memoir Becoming — and the testimonies it has generated — reveal African American readers look to each other for life narratives of diverse Black experiences that enable the construction, constitution, and promulgation of a credible Black self. Moreover, Moody asserts, the persistent cultural shifts of African American life writing as literary and historical phenomena have been well documented. Joining a long trajectory of critical studies, the introduction establishes the prominence of Black life writing across US history.

Topic: Race, History, and American Society
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Analysis of barrel support saddles and forces between modules during assembly.

As the Barrel Tile Calorimeter is constructed, the support saddles and the modules will be subjected to different forces, stresses, and deflections than when completely assembled. The purpose of this analysis is to examine the forces, stresses, and deflections acting on the support saddles and modules at various stages of assembly. The nominal weight of a barrel module is 20 tons. CERN Document number ATL-LB-EA-0001 'Summary of the Structural Analysis of the Barrel Support Saddles' describes in detail the structural analysis of the saddles and the completed barrel assembly. These calculations followed Eurocode 3. This paper examined several load cases which occur during the assembly of the Barrel. The following are the main conclusions: (1) The assembly is not stable until 18 modules are in place, and only then can the support cradle be removed; (2) The forces between modules are nominal and are far less that the forces in the completed cylinder with 64 modules in place and the cryostat load applied; (3) All of the stresses in the connections between modules are within acceptable limits; and (4) The interface between the cryostat supports and the cryostat move approximately 1.0 mm in the X and Y directions when the load of the cryostat is transferred to the Barrel.

Topic: Superconducting Materials and Applications
Subfield: Biomedical Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
CCDC 284614: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.

Topic: Crystallization and Solubility Studies
Subfield: Materials Chemistry
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
COVID-19 mRNA Vaccine Induced Troponinemia - Is the Vaccine a Cardiac Stressor?

There have been emerging concerns of myocarditis with Covid-19 vaccines recently which could be from inflammatory or immunogenic response to vaccine components or something else which is yet to be understood. The most common side effects of the vaccine noted in phase three trials were local reactions and few self-remitting systemic reactions. But we cannot overlook the emerging cardiac manifestations associated with COVID-19 vaccine.

Topic: Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia and Thrombosis
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Effect of Group Cognitive Behavioral Therapy on Inefficient Beliefs and Marital Satisfaction in Pregnant Women With the Fear of First Childbirth

Effect of Group Cognitive Behavioral Therapy on Inefficient Beliefs and Marital Satisfaction in Pregnant Women With the Fear of First Childbirth

Topic: Maternal Mental Health During Pregnancy and Postpartum
Subfield: Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
CHARACTERIZATION OF ANTIBODIES DIRECTED AGAINST THE IMMUNOGLOBULIN LIGHT KAPPA CHAIN VARIABLE CHAIN REGION (VK) OF HEPATITIS C VIRUS-RELATED TUPE II MIXED CRYOGLOBULINEMIA AND B-CELL PROLIFERATIONS

Autoimmune type-II cryoglobulinemia (II-MC) is sustained by hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and B-cell (oligo)clones. This is the reason why the disease may be considered an "indolent B-cell lymphoma (NHL)." B clones show a restricted use of immunoglobulin variable genes (BCR), in particular in the use of the variable kappa (VK)3-20/15 light chain, and show a homology between their BCR functional regions and those of autoimmune rheumatoid factors. We underlined the BCR unique repertoire with frequent rheumatoid factor activity also observed in other autoimmune disorders associated with NHL. The immunoglobulin idiotype is a clonal B-cell marker and an ideal target for immunotherapy. Five monoclonal antibodies were produced in our laboratory toward the VK3-20 of a subject with HCV infection and a II-MC-associated NHL. Epitope determination was performed using the epitope excision approach. Monoclonal antibody reactivity was tested in vitro in ELISA, Western blot, and cytofluorimetry. Data confirmed that a panel of antibodies, reactive against shared idiotypes, can be produced from patients with HCV-associated B-cell lymphoproliferative diseases, thus obviating the need to produce an anti-idiotype antibody for each patient.

Topic: Forensic Entomology and Diptera Studies
Subfield: Insect Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Unveiling the role of plasticity rules in reservoir computing

Reservoir Computing (RC) is an appealing approach in Machine Learning that combines the high computational capabilities of Recurrent Neural Networks with a fast and easy training method. Likewise, successful implementation of neuro-inspired plasticity rules into RC artificial networks has boosted the performance of the original models. In this manuscript, we analyze the role that plasticity rules play on the changes that lead to a better performance of RC. To this end, we implement synaptic and non-synaptic plasticity rules in a paradigmatic example of RC model: the Echo State Network. Testing on nonlinear time series prediction tasks, we show evidence that improved performance in all plastic models are linked to a decrease of the pair-wise correlations in the reservoir, as well as a significant increase of individual neurons ability to separate similar inputs in their activity space. Here we provide new insights on this observed improvement through the study of different stages on the plastic learning. From the perspective of the reservoir dynamics, optimal performance is found to occur close to the so-called edge of instability. Our results also show that it is possible to combine different forms of plasticity (namely synaptic and non-synaptic rules) to further improve the performance on prediction tasks, obtaining better results than those achieved with single-plasticity models.

Topic: Neural Networks and Reservoir Computing
Subfield: Artificial Intelligence
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Efficacy of 20-valent pneumococcal vaccination in chemotherapy patients: A first real world report.

452 Background: Patients with cancer receiving cytotoxic chemotherapy are at a high risk of infection, the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in this population. Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in patients with underlying cancer is associated with worse outcomes, irrespective of neutropenia. Studies have shown that patients with cancer and CAP have increased requirements for vasopressor support. Methods: We initiated a quality improvement (QI) project at our cancer center to evaluate the rates of pneumococcal vaccination among cancer patients. The primary analysis was to identify whether the one-dose 20-valent pneumococcal vaccine (PCV20) would improve vaccination rate. Following the initial analysis, PCV20 was offered to all patients before starting therapy. Secondary analysis included hospitalization, ICU admission, and outpatient rates for pneumonia in patients receiving chemotherapy (chemo) and non-chemotherapy anticancer medications (non-chemo). Patients diagnosed with CAP within 3 months of vaccination and co-infection with viral infection were excluded. Results: For the primary analysis, data from December 2021 to March 2023 were included. In September 2022, our institution implemented PCV20 as the preferred pneumococcal vaccination. Of the 135 patients, 21% had completed vaccination before September 2022. With PCV20, complete vaccination increased to 66%. For secondary analysis, data from January 2023 to December 2024 identified 156 patients (median age 70 years) who had received the PCV20. In this cohort, 99 (63%) patients were in the chemo group and 57 (37%) patients were in the non-chemo group. Pneumonia-related hospitalization among the chemo group was four-fold higher (13.1% (n=13) vs 3.5%). Only one patient in each group had ICU admission. Six patients in the chemo group and 5 patients in the non-chemo group had outpatient pneumonia. Conclusions: In June 2021, the US FDA approved the use of PCV20 vaccination in adults based on trial data confirming tolerability and immunogenicity. Our study shows substantial increase in vaccination in cancer patients by switching to one dose of PCV20. Through our QI initiative, we offered vaccinations to all patients receiving anti-cancer therapy and identified a significant decrease in ICU admission rates (1.2%). Database studies have shown 4.7 to 15% hospitalization and 9 to 21% ICU admission rates in patients with cancer. The hospitalization rate was 13% in our chemo group. Efficacy studies on PCV20 are currently ongoing in the US, and our data are the first reported efficacy data, exclusively in cancer patients. The limitation of our study is the lack of a comparative cohort since PCV20 was offered to all treatment patients. We recommend that pneumococcal vaccination should be offered to all patients with cancer, especially those undergoing chemotherapy.

Topic: Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections
Subfield: Epidemiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Antigen presentation by isolated guinea pig Kupffer cells.

Abstract Guinea pig Kupffer cells (KC) were assessed for their capacity to take up and present antigen (Ag) to primed T lymphocytes for the induction of secondary in vitro Ag-specific proliferative responses. KC were prepared by sequential exposure of liver to collagenase and trypsin, followed by differential centrifugation, overnight culture, and glass adherence. Oil-induced peritoneal exudate macrophages (PEM), treated in identical fashion, were used for comparison. KC and PEM from unprimed animals were incubated for 45 min at 37 °C in vitro with Ag (trinitrophenyl-ovalbumin or tuberculin PPD) and washed repeatedly. Ag-exposed KC and PEM were then tested for their ability to function as Ag-presenting cells by mixing them with primed peritoneal exudate T lymphocytes (PEL) and assaying for the induction of lymphocyte 3H-thymidine incorporation. Tn this system, both Ag-pulsed KC and PEM were capable of functioning as Ag presenting cells but the magnitude of responses induced by Ag-bearing KC was less than that stimulated by Ag-pulsed PEM. Ag presentation was accomplished only by living KC or PEM; heat-killed Mø were ineffective Ag-presenting cells even when mixed with living but non-Ag pulsed KC or PEM. The diminished Ag presenting capability of KC was unlikely to be explained by decreased Ag uptake, increased Ag catabolism, or a nonspecific suppressive activity. Finally, the histocompatibility requirement for Ag presentation by KC was characterized. In studies using inbred guinea pigs, KC were capable of presenting Ag to syngeneic PEL but were incapable of stimulating proliferative responses in allogeneic PEL. The results indicate that KC resemble inflammatory Mø in their ability to act as Ag-presenting cells, albeit they do so in a somewhat less efficient manner. Moreover, the induction of T lymphocyte responsiveness by Ag-pulsed KC is restricted by determinants encoded by the major histocompatibility complex.

Topic: Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
Subfield: Immunology
Field: Immunology and Microbiology
Domain: Life Sciences
Facing Past and Future after the Teso Insurgency

While the previous chapter focused on the performative function of narratives about the cause of the insurgency we now turn to a different aspect of assessing the long-term impact of the mediation efforts in Teso. Considering the particular account of the Teso insurgency today, the question poses itself whether the Kumam and Iteso have to some extent be managed to dissent from the hierarchical relations that tied them to the Museveni government and which they sought to challenge with the insurgency. Has challenging led to long-term changing?

Topic: African history and culture studies
Subfield: Anthropology
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Active oxygen species production in tobacco cells elicited by cryptogein<sup>*</sup>

ABSTRACT We analyse the relationship between active oxygen species (AOS) production and pH changes induced in tobacco cells by cryptogein, a fungal proteinaceous elicitor of defence mechanisms in plants. When tobacco cells were treated with cryptogein, an intracellular acidification, an alkalinization of the extracellular medium and a transient burst of AOS (H 2 O 2 ) were observed. Treatment of elicited cells with either diphenyleneiodonium (DPI), an inhibitor of the neutrophil NADPH oxidase, or Tiron, which scavenges O 2 ˙− abolished AOS production. These data suggest the involvement of a NADPH oxidase‐like enzyme leading to H 2 O 2 production through O 2 ˙− dismutation. Although H 2 O 2 production could be, per se , the origin of the pH changes observed, we showed that it was not the main cause, since DPI and Tiron did not inhibit extracellular alkalinization. On the other hand, cryptogein‐induced changes in pH could be abolished using fusicoccin (FC), which is known to stimulate the plasmalemma H + ATPase. Consequently, the observed changes in pH induced by cryptogein could be mainly due to the inhibition of the plasmalemma H + ‐ATPase activity. Furthermore, changes in extracellular pH were shown to modulate the intensity of AOS production by elicited cells. The possible regulation of the NAD(P)H oxidase activity of plant cells by changes in pH is further discussed.

Topic: Fungal Biology and Applications
Subfield: Pharmacology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Joints of continuous carbon fiber reinforced lithium aluminosilicate glass ceramics matrix composites to Ti60 alloy brazed using Ti-Zr-Ni-Cu active alloy

Continuous carbon fiber reinforced lithium aluminosilicate glass ceramics matrix composites (Cf/LAS composites) are joined to Ti60 alloy vacuum brazed using Ti-Zr-Ni-Cu brazing alloy. The effects of the brazing temperature on the interfacial microstructure and mechanical properties of brazed joints are investigated in details. The interfacial microstructure varies apparently with an increase of the brazing temperature. The thicknesses of the banded Ti solid solution (Ti(s, s)) and the reactive layer between Cf/LAS composites and the interlayer grow gradually. The mechanical properties of brazed joints increase firstly and then decrease with an increasing temperature. In addition, a joint that is brazed at 980 °C for 10 min shows the highest shear strength of ∼38.13 MPa. At the same time, the fracture paths of brazed joints also change as the temperature increases. When the brazing temperature is 950 °C, the fracture position is in the TiC + ZrC + Ti2O + ZrSi2 + Ti5Si3 layer on the composite side. When the brazing temperature is 980 °C, the fracture position is on the side of the braze seam (Ti, Zr)2(Ni, Cu), Ti2O + ZrSi2 + Ti5Si3 layer, and carbon fiber in the composite material. When the brazing temperature is 990 °C, the fracture position is in the Ti2O + ZrSi2 + Ti5Si3 layer on the composite side and the carbon fiber in the composite material. Keywords: Brazing, Composites, Mechanical properties, Microstructure, Titanium alloys

Topic: Advanced ceramic materials synthesis
Subfield: Ceramics and Composites
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences