jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
A critical review of practices of inclusion and exclusion in the psychology curriculum in higher education

Much of South African psychology has pursued the national imperative of critical engagement and reconstruction since 1994, in spite of collusion with Apartheid ideologies before 1994. Critical psychologists who mobilised against apartheid were also active post-1994 in reshaping the discipline and profession. Many of these efforts were directed towards curriculum development to attempt to challenge the dominance of western and northern scholarship in psychology by developing multiple texts that represented local experiences and challenged traditional asocial and ahistorical thinking in psychology. This paper presents critical thoughts on contemporary psychology in higher education, with a particular focus on progress made in curriculum transformation and demographic representativity, to interrogate the extent to which the profession continues to reproduce existing patterns of privilege and inclusion/exclusion. We suggest that considering curriculum as discourse which acts to reproduce larger power relations in society, may be a useful approach to think about inclusion and transformation of the curriculum in psychology.

Topic: Counseling Practices and Supervision
Subfield: Social Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
SUN-474 An Unusual Case of Poorly Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma with an Excellent Prognosis

Abstract Background: Poorly differentiated thyroid carcinoma (PDTC) is a rare and aggressive subtype with morphological/behavioral features between differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) and anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC). Clinical case: A 43-year-old female presented with 3 cm right thyroid mass noted on US neck. FNA biopsy showed undifferentiated carcinoma, large cell type. Additional immune-stains were suggestive of ATC. Pre-surgery non-stimulated thyroglobulin (NSTG) was 311 (RR 0–55 ng/dl). Pathology post-total thyroidectomy with bilateral level VI lymph node dissection showed a 3.2 x 2.5 x 2.5 cm carcinoma with vascular and capsular invasion. Most of the mass consisted of very atypical pleomorphic cells, mitosis was difficult to find. The tumor did not show the widely invasive-destructive pattern commonly seen in ATC. An adjacent differentiated component showed predominantly follicular pattern and was described as dedifferentiated follicular carcinoma. All lymph nodes were negative for metastatic disease. Post-surgery NSTG was &amp;lt;0.2 (RR &amp;lt;0.1ng/ml as athyreotic), stimulated TG was 2.22 with negative TG antibodies. Four months later, she received 193.5 mCi radioactive iodine (RAI) therapy. The post-therapy scan showed no Iodine-131 avid uptake in neck or distant metastasis. Neck imaging and TG levels done periodically showed no structural or biochemical evidence of recurrence. Currently the patient is cancer-free for 14 years since diagnosis with no need for additional therapies. Discussion: PDTC accounts for 1–15% of all thyroid cancers. Although PDTC is rare, it is a clinically significant histological diagnosis as it represents the main cause of death from non-anaplastic follicular cell-derived thyroid carcinoma. The Turin proposal published in 2007 suggested three criteria for the diagnosis of PDTC which included the pattern of growth and high-grade features. PDTC presents more frequently with locally invasive extra-thyroidal disease, metastasis to regional lymph nodes and distant organs compared to DTC. Despite the capacity to have RAI uptake, there has been no evidence of significant improvement in survival due to tumor heterogeneity in differentiation. Recent data suggest that age more than 45 years, tumor size more than 4cm, extra-thyroidal extension, higher pathological T stage, positive margins, and distant metastasis predict worse prognosis. Conclusion: Our patient showed an excellent response to therapy in spite of having PDTC with positive margins. We hypothesize that this could be likely due to young age at the time of diagnosis, early detection of tumor while it was localized in the thyroid without distant metastasis as well as heterogeneity in the tumor with differentiated cells that are responsive to RAI. We conclude that with early detection, timely surgery, and adjuvant therapy, excellent prognosis can be achieved in patients with PDTC.

Topic: Thyroid Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment
Subfield: Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Close to Me and Distant from Them? CEO/Board Social Ties and New Outside Director Selection

Previous board-selection research indicated that CEOs prefer to hire outside directors who are demographically similar to the CEOs themselves to reduce boards’ monitoring capabilities. We develop a theory emphasizing cognitive challenges that new outside directors should reduce through effective socialization with incumbent board members. Calling attention to the role of social ties in the new director socialization process, we argue that CEOs interested in reducing boards’ monitoring capabilities (i.e., when firm performance is low) tend to hire outside directors who have fewer social ties with incumbent board members. Using hand-collected data on director social ties in South Korean firms, we found evidence that supports our theory. Moreover, in contrast to the prediction of previous research, we found that CEOs tend to hire outside directors who have few social ties with the CEOs themselves. These findings demonstrate the fruitfulness of using a cognitive approach to understand the key considerations in outside director selection.

Topic: Corporate Finance and Governance
Subfield: Accounting
Field: Business, Management and Accounting
Domain: Social Sciences
Immunoassay Applications in Plant‐Based Biopharma

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction to Plant-Based Biopharma Immunoassays Used in Plant-Based Biopharma Considerations in Developing Plant Biopharma Immunoassays Examples of Immunoassays Validation of Biopharma Assays Summary References

Topic: Transgenic Plants and Applications
Subfield: Biotechnology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Heterotic Patterns for Twelve Exotic and Local Yellow Maize Populations in Egypt

The concept of heterotic groups and patterns is fundamental to hybrid breeding theory and practice, the objective of this study was to determine heterotic patterns among twelve yellow maize populations, eight of these populations were exotic germplasm, six from China (Ch2, Ch6, Ch8, Ch12, Ch14, and Ch15), one from France (Fr.), and one from CIMMYT (DTPY); and four local populations contain mixture of Local and exotic germplasm (NYP, NDTYP, Sk21, and Gm YP).Half diallel was performed among the populations at 2018 summer season.Twelve parents and their 66 crosses were evaluated at three locations in 2019 summer season.Data were collected for grain yield, number of days to mid-sulking, plant and ear heights.Results showed that High significant differences were observed among locations, entries and their partition i.e., general and specific combining abilities (GCA and SCA) effects for all the studied traits.Also, locations by entries interaction was significant or high significant for all studied traits, while location by GCA effects interactions was highly significant and significant for plant height and ear height respectively.In addition, location by SCA effects interaction was highly significant to differ for plant height.This study showed that, Ch2, Ch12, Gm YP and Sk 21 have good Potentials for use in the National Maize Research Program (NMRP) as new heterotic patterns to develop new yellow diverse inbred Lines.The combinations (Ch14xSk21), (Ch2xGmYP), and(Ch2XDTPY) Showed desirable Specific Combining ability effects for grain yield and therefore, recommended to use in inter and intra population breeding program.

Topic: Genetics and Plant Breeding
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Long non-coding RNAs involved in <i>Drosophila</i> development and regeneration

Abstract The discovery of functional long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) changed their initial concept as transcriptional noise. LncRNAs have been identified as regulators of multiple biological processes, including chromatin structure, gene expression, splicing, mRNA degradation, and translation. However, functional studies of lncRNAs are hindered by the usual lack of phenotypes upon deletion or inhibition. Here, we used Drosophila imaginal discs as a model system to identify lncRNAs involved in development and regeneration. We examined a subset of lncRNAs expressed in the wing, leg, and eye disc development. Additionally, we analyzed transcriptomic data from regenerating wing discs to profile the expression pattern of lncRNAs during tissue repair. We focused on the lncRNA CR40469, which is upregulated during regeneration. We generated CR40469 mutant flies that developed normally but showed impaired wing regeneration upon cell death induction. The ability of these mutants to regenerate was restored by the ectopic expression of CR40469. Furthermore, we found that the lncRNA CR34335 has a high degree of sequence similarity with CR40469 and can partially compensate for its function during regeneration in the absence of CR40469. Our findings point to a potential role of the lncRNA CR40469 in trans during the response to damage in the wing imaginal disc.

Topic: Cancer-related molecular mechanisms research
Subfield: Cancer Research
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Reliability, Validity, and Clinical Utility of the Executive Function Performance Test: A Measure of Executive Function in a Sample of People With Stroke

Abstract This study examined the reliability and validity of the Executive Function Performance Test (EFPT). The EFPT assesses executive function deficits in the performance of real-world tasks. It uses a structured cueing and scoring system to assess higher-level cognitive functions, specifically initiation, organization, sequencing safety and judgment, and task completion. Seventy-three participants with mild to moderate stroke and 22 age- and education-matched controls completed the 4 EFPT tasks (cooking, using the telephone, managing medications, and paying bills). Significant differences were found between participants with mild and moderate stroke and healthy control participants. The EFPT can help occupational therapists determine the level of support needed by people with cognitive impairments to perform complex instrumental tasks. Objective information derived from this assessment is an essential part of the process of determining whether the person can live independently and helping families understand how to support the performance of their family members at home.

Topic: Stroke Rehabilitation and Recovery
Subfield: Rehabilitation
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Intraosseous anchorage of the carbon fiber composite ligament by bony ingrowth

Abstract It is common experience that carbon fiber braids, which are passed through osseous tunnels, are not incorporated by osteointergration. Rather, they are separated from the boy walls of the tunnels by a granulomatous–cicatrizing interface membrane. In the exceptional case, however, Bony ingrowth into the braid occurs without an intervening soft tissular layer. Bony ingrowth may be contingent on the stability of the carbon fiber braid within the osseous tunnel.

Topic: Knee injuries and reconstruction techniques
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
A ROSAT observation of the transient X-ray pulsar GRO J1008-57

We report results of a brief Target of Oppurtunity observation of the newly discovered transient X-ray pulsar Gamma Ray Observatory (GRO) J1008-57 using the ROSAT Position Sensitive Proportional Counter (PSPC). The observation was performed well into the decline of the source outburst as monitored by the BATSE hard X-ray light curve. The PSPC cleanly detected the source, at a 0.1-2.4 keV flux of 2.3 x 10(exp -11) erg/sq cm/s. A position centroid accurate to 10 arc seconds has been determined. The 0.1-2.4 keV spectrum is best characterized by a flat power law with substantial interstellar absorption. The PSPC photon index and column density are consistent with that measured at higher energy by ASCA; there is no evidence for an additional soft component. Light-curve folding reveals a period of 93.4 s, consistent with that measured at higher energies; the 0.1-2.4 keV folded light curve shows a high pulsed fraction and a strongly double-peaked pulse profile. The spectral and temporal properties of GRO J1008-57 as observed using the PSPC are entirely consistent with a pulsar orbiting a massive (OB) companion.

Topic: Astrophysical Phenomena and Observations
Subfield: Astronomy and Astrophysics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Systematic derivation of anisotropic PML absorbing media in cylindrical and spherical coordinates

A simple and systematic derivation of anisotropic perfectly matched layers (PML's) in cylindrical and spherical coordinates is presented. The derivation is based on the analytic continuation of Maxwell's Equations to complex space. Through field transformations, results for Cartesian anisotropic PML media are recovered and, more importantly, a generalization of the anisotropic PML to cylindrical and spherical systems is obtained, providing further clarification on the PML concept. As expected, these new PML media are cylindrically and spherically layered, respectively.

Topic: Electromagnetic Simulation and Numerical Methods
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
The Clinical Significance of Duodenal Stasis

SO much has been written on this subject that one wonders what new can be added to the voluminous literature; however, as one follows this extensive subject, he is clinically impressed with the lack of emphasis and proper clinical interpretation that is placed upon temporary delay in the duodenum. I will not burden you with the well known causes of duodenal ileus, a subject that has seemed to take both internists and surgeons by storm, so to speak, nor will I review the definite roentgenologic evidence accompanying the prolonged delay and passage of chyme to the various portions of the duodenum, for this x-ray evidence is better known to you than to me. What I am particularly interested in presenting is the clinical significance of the so-called temporary delay which can be more properly termed “stasis.” The physiology of this portion of the gastro-intestinal tract is not emphasized, nor is the biochemical phenomenon that ensues from temporary delay properly appreciated. The exact relation of gastric motility to duodenal motility is still a mooted question. Some hold that gastric movements end at the pyloric sphincter; others believe that at least in some cases the gastric wave of contraction passes down over the duodenum. In interpreting the facts on the relation of gastric motility to duodenal peristalsis, according to Ivy (1), at least four possibilities must be considered: (1) Excitatory impulse or wave of conduction may pass from the stomach to the duodenum without the actual wave of contraction passing. (2) The relative amotility of the cap, possibly due to anatomic relation and physiologic threshold of the relatively few contractile fibers of this portion of the duodenum, may mask the passage of the wave. (3) The threshold of the mucosa or the musculature of the cap may be higher than the remainder of the duodenum so that greater distention, prolonged chemical action, or a summation of the local or transmitted stimuli may be necessary to cause the cap to contract. (4) The duodenal peristalsis may be initiated almost immediately on the ejection of chyme from the stomach, due to the mechanical or chemical stimulation of the mucosa. The observations of Wheelon (2) direct attention to another portion of the duodenum in which a tendency toward retention exists, namely, the inferior flexure. This is commonly the lowest point of the duodenum, and peristalsis must overcome the effects of gravity, lifting the contents to the fixed portion of the duodenum. Any extrinsic pressure on the fixed portion of the duodenum necessarily increases this delay. Hence, the tendency toward retention in the inferior flexure is relatively insignificant, with respect to the etiology of chronic duodenal dilatation, but does enter into the discussion of temporary duodenal stasis.

Topic: Intestinal and Peritoneal Adhesions
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Endoscopic management of patients with esophageal stricture in the oncology practice: a narrative review

: Esophageal strictures are generally classified into malignant due to advanced cancer and benign strictures after treatment for esophageal cancer. Several endoscopic procedures including ablation technique and stent placement, are used for patients with malignant esophageal strictures in our oncology practice. And, there is a potential for the development of severe esophageal stricture after curative treatment including esophagectomy, radiotherapy and endoscopic resection (ER), if the esophageal cancer can be cured. The aim of this narrative review article is to introduce landmark studies about endoscopic treatment or prevention esophageal stricture in oncology and to discuss about the unsolved issue or future direction. The primary endoscopic procedure for mechanically improving benign esophageal strictures is endoscopic balloon dilation (EBD), and incision treatment or stent placement is applied for refractory cases. Regarding ER for esophageal cancer, post-intervention stricture rates are approximately 15% and the risk of stricture is associated with the lesion’s size. Therefore, prophylactic treatments mainly steroid administration to prevent stricture after ER of early esophageal cancer was introduced and showed the favorable clinical outcome. Endoscopic intervention is effective and safety treatment to surgical treatment for patients with malignant and benign esophageal strictures. However, several unresolved issues remain in the endoscopic management of esophageal stricture and further development is necessary in our oncological practice.

Topic: Esophageal and GI Pathology
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Salivary Effector Sm9723 of Grain Aphid Sitobion miscanthi Suppresses Plant Defense and Is Essential for Aphid Survival on Wheat

Aphid salivary effectors play important roles in modulating plant defense responses. The grain aphid Sitobion miscanthi is one of the most economically important cereal aphids worldwide. However, little information is available on the identification and functional analysis of salivary effectors of S. miscanthi. In this study, a candidate salivary effector Sm9723 was identified, which was specifically expressed in aphid salivary glands and highly induced during the aphid feeding phase. Transient overexpression of Sm9723 in Nicotiana benthamiana suppressed BAX and INF1-induced cell death. Further, Sm9723 overexpression inhibited N. benthamiana defense responses by reducing pattern-triggered immunity associated callose deposition and expression levels of jasmonic and salicylic acid-associated defense genes. In addition, the salivary effector Sm9723 of S. miscanthi was effectively silenced through nanocarrier-mediated dsRNA delivery system. After silencing Sm9723, fecundity and survival of S. miscanthi decreased significantly, and the aphid feeding behavior was also negatively affected. These results suggest salivary effector Sm9723 is involved in suppressing plant immunity and is essential in enabling aphid virulence, which could be applied as potential target gene for RNAi-mediated pest control of S. miscanthi.

Topic: Insect-Plant Interactions and Control
Subfield: Insect Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
FUTURE CONVERGENT TELECOMMUNICATIONS SERVICES: CREATION, CONTEXT, P2P, QOS, AND CHARGING

his series is an attempt to provide a holistic view of telecommunications services (having covered previously both enterprise [1] and residential [2] segments). The current issue is the second part of the New Converged Telecommunications Applications for the End User feature topic. In the previous issue ([3]), two published articles described services that rely on IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) infrastructure (which is progressively being deployed by telcos), related to lookup services and vehicular technology. In this second part a total of eight articles complete the selection of material fulfilling the call for papers’ intention of providing an update and new insights into the applications and services a converged world is bringing, concentrating on application-only topics in the field of services for mass market users. The articles presented cover a variety of aspects including user-driven service creation, context awareness (four articles, including two related to eHealth), combination of peer-to-peer (P2P) and next-generation networks (NGN), quality of experience (QoE), and service charging. We hope these articles will provide readers with an overview on how new infrastructures can facilitate the existence of new applications and services that will, in the end, make our lives easier. The articles composing this special issue are organized as follows. The first article is “An Ontology-Based Context

Topic: Peer-to-Peer Network Technologies
Subfield: Computer Networks and Communications
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Liver steatosis is a major predictor of poor outcomes in chronic hepatitis C patients with sustained virological response

Abstract Sustained virological response (SVR) results in reduced incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and mortality among chronic hepatitis C (CHC) patients with advanced fibrosis. Since both advanced fibrosis and liver steatosis (LS) may coexist in CHC patients, we evaluated their individual effects on a composite outcome of all‐cause mortality and HCC in CHC patients with SVR following direct‐acting antivirals (DAA) treatment. We retrospectively evaluated inception cohort of 515 CHC patients who achieved SVR following treatment with DAA, with a mean follow‐up of 24 months. Baseline liver fibrosis was assessed by transient elastography, and LS was validated by at least three independent ultrasonographic examinations. 211 of 515 patients (41%) had baseline LS. Patients with LS had a higher cumulative rate of all‐cause mortality and HCC at 2 years of follow‐up compared to patients without LS (15.75% and 2.79%, respectively, P &lt; 0.001), although they did not have increased incidence of advanced fibrosis or cirrhosis. Consistently, multivariate analysis showed that LS was associated with a significant 7.5‐fold increased risk of all‐cause mortality and HCC (HR 7.51, 95% C.I 3.61‐13.36, P &lt; 0.001) even upon adjustment to components of the metabolic syndrome, whereas advanced fibrosis showed only a trend towards statistical significance (HR 2.32, 95% C.I 0.97‐6.59, P = 0.06). In conclusion, LS is a major predictor of all‐cause mortality and HCC in patients who achieved SVR following DAA treatment regardless of fibrosis stage. These patients should be rigorously screened for HCC.

Topic: Hepatitis C virus research
Subfield: Hepatology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
CCDC 915110: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.

Topic: Crystallization and Solubility Studies
Subfield: Materials Chemistry
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences