jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
The information providing system by using human motion recognition

This research presents a system that provides useful information by data mining. The system collects human motions to process data mining, and uses the result to detect human intention, and then provide service. The system includes three parts: the input devices part that is to collect data, the server part that is to analyze and process the data mining, and the client part that is to provide service. The way that set the devices on human to get motions always makes human feel uncomfortable. So, the authors consider using the cameras to get human movements rather than setting the devices on human. After collection the movement data, the data can be classed by the server part to find the motion data. And the motion data can be processed and analyzed to process data mining and find the results. And then, the result can be applied to show information on the mobile device or to use on other purposes. The system shows the possibility of applying the data mining to human motion to detect human intention. And the result can offer useful data to assist robotic system or show useful information to user.

Topic: Robotics and Automated Systems
Subfield: Control and Systems Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Determination of the Botanical Composition of the Arid Pasture in District Eğil, Diyarbakır

This research was conducted to determine vegetation structures of the native pastures in the five villages of district Eğil, Diyarbakır. Vegetations of the pastures were studied by the Loop Method. In each pasture 400 loop measurements in 4 lines were made. Plant-covered area rate, botanical composition in the plant covered area was calculated from the loop measurements. In the research, 35 plant species from 27 different genera of 10 plant families were obtained. As depending on the pastures, plant cover percentages varied between 26.60% to 60.36% and botanical composition rate of grasses, legumes and other family plants in the total plant cover varied between 27.81%, and 37.45%, 8.67%, and 39.31%, 23.24%, and 59.16%, respectively. The investigation, it was concluded that vegetations of the pastures were all composed of invader plants.

Topic: Agricultural and Rural Development Research
Subfield: Forestry
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
[Transformation of wheat with insecticide gene of arrowhead proteinase inhibitor by pollen tube pathway and analysis of transgenic plants] [In Process Citation]

Arrowhead Proteinase Inhibitor(API), one kind of pure natural material, was derived from storage organ of Sagittaria trifolia. It belongs to serine proteinase inhibitor, and can inhibit trypsin, chemotrypsin and kallikrein. Furthermore, API is toxical to some species of insects such as lepidotera, Coleoptera and Diptrea etc. By means of pollen tube pathway, plasmid pBIAH-A(B) containing insect-resistant genes of API-A, API-B and selective marker gene of NPT-II were transferred into three lines of local winter wheat--JD-1, 8866, 866554. Then, Kanamycin-resistant screening and PCR analysis of genetic transformed plants showed that three of Kmr green plants (two from 866554, one from JD-1) were PCR positive with the positive rate of 0.29%. When the fragment of API gene was used as probe to hybrid with genomic DNA of Kmr green plants separately, all of three PCR positive ones displayed a single strong hybridizing band. Such results demonstrated that foreign target gene had been integrated into wheat genome already. Simultaneously, PCR analysis and Southern hybridization were carried out among selfiedoffsprings of transformed positive plant of the line 899554-3, some of them were PCR and Southern blotting positive, indicating that foreign gene integrated into wheat genome could stably transmitted into next generation. In addition, the expression level of NPT-II gene was checked via ELISA in our study, all of three PCR and Southern blot positive plants could yield high level of NPT-II. This data provided a more powerful evidence for integration of insecticide gene into wheat genome.

Topic: Insect Resistance and Genetics
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Effects of Biochar and Lime on the Fraction Transform of Cadmium in Contaminated Soil

Lime and biochar was added into Cd contaminated meadow soil,then the incubation experiment was conducted to investigate pH and the various forms of transformation of heavy metal fractions after the application of amendments.The results turned out that during the 60days,the soil pH increased with an increase in rates of biochar.However,soil pH increased with an increase in rates of lime and lime mix biochar,but decreased with incubation time till last of the incubation period.Soil pH in treatments with these amendments was all higher than that of the control.The application of different treatments also significantly reduced the concentration of soil exchangeable Cd.Compared with CK,the amendment of biochar,lime and the complex of biochar and lime alleviated the concentration of Cd to 8.6%~13.7%,17.8%~21.7% and 18.4%~23.3%,respectively.There were significant negative correlations between soil pH and concentrations of exchangeable Cd(R2=0.74).Application of amendments accelerated the transformation of exchangeable Cd into carbonate-bound,Fe-Mn oxides-bound,organic-bound,residual Cd by different levels.

Topic: Environmental Quality and Pollution
Subfield: Ecology
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
The <i>Usnea baileyi</i> complex (Parmeliaceae, Lichenised Ascomycetes) in Australia

The Usnea baileyi complex exhibits considerable morphological and chemical variation throughout its range, including Australia. Two chemically distinct but morphological inseparable species are recognised in the complex for Australia. U. baileyi (Stirton) Zahkbr. is widespread in eastern Australia and is characterised by the presence of eumitrins and depsidones (especially norstictic acid). U. elata Motyka is known from only one Australian locationa nd contains depsides (diffractaic acid being the mojor secondary constituent) but nu eumitrins. Fourteen taxa are trated as synonyms of U. baileyi and U. vainioi Motyka is lectotypified.

Topic: Lichen and fungal ecology
Subfield: Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
A new method for measuring the thermal conductivity of small insulating samples

Due to the limited size of samples prepared at the lab scale, characterizing the thermal properties of new materials may be problematic, and this makes it all the more difficult to optimize them. This statement especially applies to the development of innovative thermal (super)insulators. In this work, we demonstrate that the hot disk method, which might be preferred for such kinds of studies because of the low sample size it can allow in practice, is unable to provide realistic values of thermal conductivity in the case of insulators. A new method was thus developed, called Calibrated Tiny Hot Plate (CTHP). The corresponding heat transfers were modeled, and the two unknowns of the model were obtained by calibration with insulating samples whose thermal conductivity was precisely measured with a reference (guarded hot plate) method. We show that the CTHP is able to estimate conductivities within the range 0.014–0.2 W m−1 K−1 based on samples having thicknesses ranging from 3 to 9 mm and diameters as low as 15 mm. The accuracy was generally much better than 10%, which is a remarkable result for characterizing so small insulating materials.

Topic: Aerogels and thermal insulation
Subfield: Spectroscopy
Field: Chemistry
Domain: Physical Sciences
A Wheelchair Design for the Elderly with Small Strength

WHO reports the world population is rapidly ageing. The number of people aged 60 years and over is expected to 2 billion. The muscle strength of the elderly was decreased the ability of movement was therefore limited. Designing a facility to facilitate assist elderly for transportation is important and required. This study aims to propose a leverage wheelchair for the elderly. A serial design procedure including concept design, mechanism design, ergonomic design, and appearance design were performed in the study to create the new product. Finally, a leverage wheelchair was then proposed with following features: (1) the appearance of the leverage wheelchair demonstrated a powerful and friendly image; (2) the power transfer mechanism is designed with a power transfer mechanism which enables user to move wheelchair with a small strength; (3) the cover of the power transfer mechanism is an protection and visual element for the wheelchair; (4) the handlebar was designed with a power-saving mechanism to facilitate the elderly to move the wheelchair. It is also designed to assist user to stand up easily, (5) the handlebar was design at a position where the user can operate easily and comfortably; (6) a control button was deigned to control wheelchair going forward or backward; (7) the push handle was designed for fitting the hand of the caregiver. The results of design works, the methods and procedure used in this study can be a reference for product design and development.

Topic: Assistive Technology in Communication and Mobility
Subfield: Occupational Therapy
Field: Health Professions
Domain: Health Sciences
PLGA-Based Composites for Various Biomedical Applications

Polymeric materials have been extensively explored in the field of nanomedicine; within them, poly lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) holds a prominent position in micro- and nanotechnology due to its biocompatibility and controllable biodegradability. In this review we focus on the combination of PLGA with different inorganic nanomaterials in the form of nanocomposites to overcome the polymer’s limitations and extend its field of applications. We discuss their physicochemical properties and a variety of well-established synthesis methods for the preparation of different PLGA-based materials. Recent progress in the design and biomedical applications of PLGA-based materials are thoroughly discussed to provide a framework for future research.

Topic: Graphene and Nanomaterials Applications
Subfield: Biomedical Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
CCDC 255005: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.

Topic: Crystallization and Solubility Studies
Subfield: Materials Chemistry
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
A Design of an Interactive Multimedia Learning Environment for Supporting Reading Skills of Deaf Individuals

Language learning is a process related to the skills in speaking, listening and learning to read and write. Reading is an activity in which humans acquire information and is therefore essential for deaf children. The purpose of this paper is to develop an interactive multimedia learning environment to promote reading skills for deaf children based on see and learn. The authors of this study focus on the idea that children should have the potential to develop learning to read based on the conceptual framework of see and learn which provides a framework for multi-media learning tools for deaf individuals. The main goal of this study is to incorporate first (sign language) and second spoken language skills as bilingual programs adapted from the hearing population model. Of particular interest is the nature of visual communication in relation to meaning, memory and identity. The study combines bilingual, visual and an interactive multi-media learning environment (tool) to improve individual performance for deaf children. One mode uses text graphics to read Thai language by signing and with pictures. A second mode is used to recognize meaning from sign language and pictures. This paper posits that deaf individuals can learn Thai written language and Thai sign language at the same time. The researchers found that deaf individuals can learn to read using the sign language picture story technique. The context of the story can be perceived through the text meaning and help children learn another language through picture and sign language. This current paper studies deaf children aged 10-13 years. The results confirm the expectation that deaf individuals can learn Thai-written

Topic: Hearing Impairment and Communication
Subfield: Developmental and Educational Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Simple method for adaptive filtering of motion artifacts in E-textile wearable ECG sensors

In this paper, we have developed a simple method for adaptive out-filtering of the motion artifact from the electrocardiogram (ECG) obtained by using conductive textile electrodes. The textile electrodes were placed on the left and the right wrist to measure ECG through lead-1 configuration. The motion artifact was induced by simple hand movements. The reference signal for adaptive filtering was obtained by placing additional electrodes at one hand to capture the motion of the hand. The adaptive filtering was compared to independent component analysis (ICA) algorithm. The signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) for the adaptive filtering approach was higher than independent component analysis in most cases.

Topic: ECG Monitoring and Analysis
Subfield: Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
NaCl-Induced Atmospheric Corrosion of the MgAl Alloy AM50-The Influence of CO<sub>2</sub>

The NaCl-induced atmospheric corrosion of the MgAl alloy AM50 has been investigated using 99.97% Mg as reference. Polished samples were exposed up to 672 h in 95.0% RH air with 400 ppm or 0 ppm CO2 at 22.00°C. Samples were analyzed gravimetrically and by SEM/EDX, XRD and XPS. CO2 inhibited atmospheric corrosion with alloy AM50 corroding 6–7 times faster in the absence of CO2. Brucite and meixnerite (Mg6Al2(OH)18 × 4.5H2O) formed in the absence of CO2. In the presence of CO2 and NaCl three magnesium-hydroxy-carbonates, giorgiosite, hydromagnesite and Mg5(CO3)4(OH)2 × 8H2O formed. The influence of CO2 on the electrochemical corrosion process is discussed.

Topic: Magnesium Alloys: Properties and Applications
Subfield: Biomaterials
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Environmental Justice and Older Age: Consideration of a Qualitative Neighbourhood-based Study

Environmental justice discourses have engaged far less with age as a significant factor associated with injustice than with other sociodemographic signifiers such as race and class. In this paper I explore material from an empirical study conducted with older people in three neighbourhoods in Scotland, using a framework based on environmental and social justice theory. The analysis highlights various means by which older people can be excluded from and within urban environments and links these with justice narratives of distribution, procedural inclusion, and recognition. Consideration of age enriches environmental justice theory, but also highlights how it needs to connect more fully with wider social justice theory.

Topic: Environmental Justice and Health Disparities
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Experiences of Alcoholics during Hypnosis

Hypnotic experiences of alcoholics and college students were compared, using an inventory scale of hypnotic depth. The alcoholics showed more conscious awareness and more impulsive enthusiasm, although the two groups were similar in total self-rated depth. Explanations in terms of personality or organicity were suggested.

Topic: Pain Management and Placebo Effect
Subfield: Cognitive Neuroscience
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences
Improving Thematic Mapper land cover classification using filtered data

Abstract In an attempt to alleviate the classification problems introduced by the higher spatial resolution of the Thematic Mapper in comparison to the Muitispectral Scanner, classifications were performed on two to six band combinations, first using Thematic Mapper bands only, and subsequently replacing band 5 by its mean-filtered and median-filtered counterpart. The combination of filtered data with non-filtered data smooths out scene noise while retaining some of the boundary detail.

Topic: Remote-Sensing Image Classification
Subfield: Media Technology
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Heterogeneous network propagation with forward similarity integration to enhance drug–target association prediction

Identification of drug-target interaction (DTI) is a crucial step to reduce time and cost in the drug discovery and development process. Since various biological data are publicly available, DTIs have been identified computationally. To predict DTIs, most existing methods focus on a single similarity measure of drugs and target proteins, whereas some recent methods integrate a particular set of drug and target similarity measures by a single integration function. Therefore, many DTIs are still missing. In this study, we propose heterogeneous network propagation with the forward similarity integration (FSI) algorithm, which systematically selects the optimal integration of multiple similarity measures of drugs and target proteins. Seven drug-drug and nine target-target similarity measures are applied with four distinct integration methods to finally create an optimal heterogeneous network model. Consequently, the optimal model uses the target similarity based on protein sequences and the fused drug similarity, which combines the similarity measures based on chemical structures, the Jaccard scores of drug-disease associations, and the cosine scores of drug-drug interactions. With an accuracy of 99.8%, this model significantly outperforms others that utilize different similarity measures of drugs and target proteins. In addition, the validation of the DTI predictions of this model demonstrates the ability of our method to discover missing potential DTIs.

Topic: Computational Drug Discovery Methods
Subfield: Computational Theory and Mathematics
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Studies of Avian Urolithiasis Associated with an Infectious Bronchitis Virus

Avian urolithiasis syndrome was diagnosed in 14-to-25-week-old chickens from a multiple-age caged-layer complex housing more than 2.5 million chickens. Losses from this syndrome ranged from 0.5 to 1.0% per week. Seven-to-14-week-old pullets from this facility had multifocal renal tubular necrosis leading to interstitial fibrosis, tophus formation, and tubular dilation. A coronavirus was isolated in embryos inoculated with pooled samples of trachea, kidney, and cecal tonsil of 4-week-old pullets. This virus, identified as 85-209, was related to infectious bronchitis virus strain Florida 88 by hemagglutination-inhibition assay. Day-old specific-pathogen-free chicks were inoculated with fifth-embryo-passage amnioallantoic fluid containing this virus. These chicks developed histologic lesions of tracheitis at 5 to 7 days postinoculation. Half the chicks inoculated by eyedrop developed renal tubular necrosis after 7 days. Urolithiasis in the flock investigated was attributed to renal damage by this strain of infectious bronchitis virus occurring in 4-to-7-week-old pullets and progressing to segmental atrophy, hyperplasia, and ureteral stone formation in 14-to-25-week-old chickens.

Topic: Animal Virus Infections Studies
Subfield: Animal Science and Zoology
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
The engineering technique for calculating the design parameters of the guides in the flowing part of gas filters short diffusers

An engineering technique is proposed for calculating the radial dimensions of concentric guides that are installed in the flowing part of short diffusers of gas filters. The technique allows, in the first approximation, to determine such a radial distance between concentric guides at the inlet of a short diffuser in order to obtain an uniform profile of the velocity field at the outlet from it. The calculation of the radial dimensions of the guides is based on the profile of the velocity field of the gas flow in the air duct before the short diffuser, the profile is then constructed according to the corresponding equations, depending on the flow regime. The proposed technique can be used to calculate concentric guides for any shape of the velocity field profile of a gas stream.

Topic: Engineering Technology and Methodologies
Subfield: Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
State-society Interactions and Bordering Practices in Gurugram’s Pandemic Response

Civil society has played a key role in responding to the COVID-19 crisis in Indian cities. This article uses the conceptualisation of boundaries and borders to reflect on the role of local state and civil society actors in Gurugram’s pandemic response. It examines the state’s bordering practices, state-society relations as well as processes of negotiation that enabled disease management as well as relief efforts-especially for migrant workers-during the crisis.

Topic: South Asian Studies and Conflicts
Subfield: Political Science and International Relations
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
The Role of MYC in driving cell-lineage specific disease phenotypes and chemo-resistant Small Cell lung Cancer

Small cell lung cancer is one of the deadliest cancers worldwide. The current first-line treatment is effective, but most patients relapse with disease resistant to treatment. My thesis aims to explore the role of the potent oncogene MYC in driving SCLC in resistant disease, and to find new treatments to overcome resistance.

Topic: Lung Cancer Research Studies
Subfield: Oncology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Revascularization of the Ischemic Limb

Atherosclerosis is a generalized disorder, but the process in a given patient may be limited to one artery or even to a portion of a single artery and remain so for a considerable length of time. It is well known that persons with intermittent claudication may survive for many years without loss of the limb or any other serious cardiovascular complication. This is particularly true of the relatively younger patient with atherosclerotic occlusion of the lower abdominal aorta and its bifurcation but is also seen in the patient with chronic occlusion of the superficial femoral artery. The Natural History of Occlusion of the Superficial Femoral Artery We are all familiar with the elderly gentleman who has had intermittent claudication of his calves for as long at 5 to 10 years, who finally succumbs to a cerebrovascular accident or myocardial infarct without having had serious ischemic changes in the feet. Then,

Topic: Peripheral Artery Disease Management
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences