jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
The Effectiveness of the External Support on the Strength and Muscle Activity of Hip Abductor in Subject Without Core Stability

Background: Gluteus medius muscle is important for the stability of hip joint. The sufficient core stability can be contributed to the performance of gluteus medius muscle in standing position. In addition, the external support may affect core stability in standing position. Objects: The purpose of this study was to investigated the effectiveness of the external support on the strength and muscle activity of hip abductor muscle during hip abduction in standing position in subjects without core stability. Methods: Fifteen subjects participated in this study. The subjects were evaluated by using the double-leg lowering with bent knees to measure the core stability. The strength and muscle activity of hip abductors was measured in standing position with the condition with and without external support using the tensiometer sensor and the surface electromyography. The paired t-test was used to investigate the difference between hip abductor strength and activity according to external support. The level of statistical significance was set at α = 0.05. Results: The hip abductor strength and muscle activity of gluteus medius muscle with external support were significantly greater than those without external support during hip abduction in standing position (p < 0.05). Conclusion: During hip abduction in standing position, the external support may be contributed to the improvement of the hip abductor strength and muscle activity of gluteus medius especially in the subjects without core stability.

Topic: Lower Extremity Biomechanics and Pathologies
Subfield: Biomedical Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
New zirconium fluoride complexes (NH4)6MZr4F23 (M = K, Rb, and Cs): Synthesis and physicochemical properties

Ammonium-containing zirconium fluoride complexes of the formula (NH4)6MZr4F23 (M = K, Rb, and Cs) were obtained and studied. The complexes crystallize in the orthorhombic system. Their unit cell parameters were determined. The IR absorption spectra of the complexes in the 350–4000 cm−1 range were recorded and examined.

Topic: Inorganic Fluorides and Related Compounds
Subfield: Inorganic Chemistry
Field: Chemistry
Domain: Physical Sciences
BRGenomics for analyzing high-resolution genomics data in R

Abstract Summary I present here the R/Bioconductor package BRGenomics, which provides fast and flexible methods for post-alignment processing and analysis of high-resolution genomics data within an interactive R environment. Utilizing GenomicRanges and other core Bioconductor packages, BRGenomics provides various methods for data importation and processing, read counting and aggregation, spike-in and batch normalization, re-sampling methods for robust ‘metagene’ analyses, and various other functions for cleaning and modifying sequencing and annotation data. Simple yet flexible, the included methods are optimized for handling multiple datasets simultaneously, make extensive use of parallel processing, and support multiple strategies for efficiently storing and quantifying different kinds of data, including whole reads, quantitative single-base data, and run-length encoded coverage information. BRGenomics has been used to analyze ATAC-seq, ChIP-seq/ChIP-exo, PRO-seq/PRO-cap, and RNA-seq data; is built to be unobtrusive and maximally compatible with the Bioconductor ecosystem; is extensively tested; and includes complete documentation, examples, and tutorials. Availability and implementation BRGenomics is an R package distributed through Bioconductor (https://bioconductor.org/packages/BRGenomics). Full documentation with examples and tutorials are available online (https://mdeber.github.io).

Topic: Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
FINITE DIFFERENCE OPERATORS FOR THE RANKINE SOURCE METHOD

The Rankine source method is widely used for computing free-surface potential flows past a ship. In this method a finite difference operator is used as a discrete estimate to a partial derivative, which must satisfy the numerical radiation condition at the downstream boundary. It has been found that the popular Dawson operator works well for moderate ship speeds but the results are less accurate for high and low speeds. The current paper addresses these problems by investigating possible replacements for Dawson operator. Fourteen different operators are considered as possible candidates, including two-point through five-point upstream operators. Each operator was analysed by comparing its discrete Fourier transform with the corresponding continuous Fourier transform in the wavenumber space. Several of these operators were used to calculate a two-dimensional tests case of a fully submerged source. The quality of the computed results were found to be highly dependent upon the choice of the finite difference operator. A new five-point upstream operator which performs well for cases corresponding to high speeds is introduced.

Topic: Wave and Wind Energy Systems
Subfield: Ocean Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Epigenetic Chromatin Silencing: Bistability and Front Propagation

The role of post-translational modification of histones in eukaryotic gene regulation is well recognized. Epigenetic silencing of genes via heritable chromatin modifications plays a major role in cell fate specification in higher organisms. We formulate a coarse-grained model of chromatin silencing in yeast and study the conditions under which the system becomes bistable, allowing for different epigenetic states. We also study the dynamics of the boundary between the two locally stable states of chromatin: silenced and unsilenced. The model could be of use in guiding the discussion on chromatin silencing in general. In the context of silencing in budding yeast, it helps us understand the phenotype of various mutants, some of which may be non-trivial to see without the help of a mathematical model. One such example is a mutation that reduces the rate of background acetylation of particular histone side-chains that competes with the deacetylation by Sir2p. The resulting negative feedback due to a Sir protein depletion effect gives rise to interesting counter-intuitive consequences. Our mathematical analysis brings forth the different dynamical behaviors possible within the same molecular model and guides the formulation of more refined hypotheses that could be addressed experimentally.

Topic: Genomics and Chromatin Dynamics
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Causes of Rejection for Organ Donation by Family of Deceased Donor

The number of notifications received at the Korea Organ Donation Agency (KODA) call center, is increasing every year from 1,126 cases in 2012 to 2,083 in 2016. But more than one fourth of them who were contacted by OPC (organ procurement coordinator) were rejected organ donation of their loved one. So we want to analyze the reasons of the rejection and use it for activation of organ donation campaign. Method Of 8,120 cases reported to KODA from 2012 to 2016, 3,322 cases were provided information about brain death and organ donation using FCTT (Family Communication Tracking Tool). In FCTT, agreement of brain death organ donation and reasons for rejection were recorded. The reasons for rejection were classified into 10 items such as family members’ understanding of brain death, attitude toward organ donation, procedural problems, religious problems, etc. Results Among the total reported cases, the number of families that can be provided information and conducted counseling related to organ donation were 56% in 2012, 52.4% in 2013, 52% in 2014, 46.1% in 2015, and 42.1% in 2016. However, after performing organ donation counseling, 30.5% of donor’s family in 2012, 25.7% in 2013, 26.8% in 2014, 27.9% in 2015 and 28.1% in 2016 rejected organ donation, so we could not proceed organ donation. The frequent reasons for rejecting the donation was 'they could not accept brain death status and want active treatment' in 34.7%, 'disagreement between family members’ in 26.3%, 'ignorance about organ donation' (16.3%) and 'others' (7.5%). Other reasons even a small number were 'they do not want to damage the body of deceased family' (6.9%), 'we don’t know the will of the deceased' (3.9%), 'misunderstanding about brain death and organ donation' (1,4%), 'too complex about organ donation process' (1.3%), 'transfer the body to large hospital' (1.0%), and 'religious reasons’ (0.6%) in that order. Conclusion As seen from the results, many of the family members do not agree with the brain death state, and refuse the consent. This result is caused by present brain death definition in our domestic law. If the brain death is to be recognized as death regardless of organ donation, the donation rate can be expected to increase. In addition, if we respect the consent of next to kin, the number of rejection by disagreement between family members will be far decreasing. In order to effective public campaign and education, we can use these results and can change some of our national donation structure.

Topic: Grief, Bereavement, and Mental Health
Subfield: Clinical Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Effects of synthetic chalcone derivatives on oxidised palmitoyl arachidonoyl phosphorylcholine-induced proinflammatory chemokines production

Oxidised 1-palmitoyl-2-arachidonoyl-<italic>sn-glycero</italic>-3-phosphorylcholine (OxPAPC) induces the production of proinflammatory chemokines has been widely studied for its role in vascular inflammation.

Topic: Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Research
Subfield: Rheumatology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
THE THEORY OF THE POWER-STATE: IBN KHALDŪN'S STUDY OF CIVILIZATION

In a world in which everything is related to God and his plan we can hardly expect an independent political theory. Yet a North African Muslim of the fourteenth century, Ibn Khaldūn (1332–1406), did in fact propound a theory of the power-state which transcends the opinions generally held in the Middle Ages. Not only is the state an end in itself with a life of its own, governed by the law of causality, a natural and necessary human institution; it is also the political and social unit which alone makes human civilization possible. It is this human civilization which is the object of his inquiry and the subject of his “new science of history”. In the Muqaddima, (Introduction) to his Universal History (kitānal-ʿibar) he composed a Summa, not of theology but of civilization, founded on that Islamic civilization with all of whose aspects he was thoroughly familiar. His political theory is part of his description of ʿumrān, in the specific sense of “civilization”. The close connection between civilization and politics as the art of government is apparent from Ibn Khaldūn's terminology; for ʿumrān is synonymous with madanīya and ḥadāra, settled urban life (as distinct from badāwa, rural life). Ḥadāra in turn is equivalent to tamaddun, to live or become organized in a city (madīna) in the sense of the Greek polis.

Topic: Islamic Studies and History
Subfield: Political Science and International Relations
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Remarks on semilinear problems with nonlinearities depending on the derivative

In this paper, we continue some work by Canada and Drabek [1] and Mawhin [6] on the range of the Neumann and Periodic boundary value problems:egin{gather*} mathbf{u}''(t)+mathbf{g}(t,mathbf{u}'(t))= overline{mathbf{f}}+widetilde{mathbf{f}}(t), quad tin (a,b) mathbf{u}'(a)=mathbf{u}'(b)=0 ext{or}quad mathbf{u}(a)=mathbf{u}(b),quad mathbf{u}'(a)=mathbf{u}'(b) end{gather*} where $mathbf{g}in C([a,b] imes mathbb{R}^n,mathbb{R}^n)$, $overline{mathbf{f}}in mathbb{R}^n$, and $widetilde{mathbf{f}}$ has mean value zero. For the Neumann problem with $n>1$, we prove that for a fixed $widetilde{mathbf{f}}$ the range can contain an infinity continuum. For the one dimensional case, we study the asymptotic behavior of the range in both problems.

Topic: Nonlinear Differential Equations Analysis
Subfield: Applied Mathematics
Field: Mathematics
Domain: Physical Sciences
Research Note: Textural Qualities of Turkey Frankfurters Incorporating Fish- and Turkey-based Surimi

Experimental turkey-based surimi and fish-based surimi were separately incorporated into a formulation for turkey frankfurters at levels of 0, 2.5, 5, and 10%. Frankfurters containing 10% turkey-based surimi or 10% fish-based surimi were significantly lower (P<.05) than the control in fat and higher in expressible moisture and resistance to shear. No difference existed between treatments and control in moisture, protein, cooked yield, or resistance to puncture. The microstructure of the protein matrix, examined with scanning electron microscopy at 400×, was compact in frankfurters containing fish-based surimi. Incorporation of turkey-based surimi had no observable effect on frankfurter microstructure.

Topic: Meat and Animal Product Quality
Subfield: Animal Science and Zoology
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
[Prevention of NSAID gastropathy: the difference between a coxibs and the addition of a PPI].

Several strategies are available for the prevention of NSAID gastropathy: the addition of misoprostol or proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) to conventional NSAIDs, or selective use of cyclo-oxygenase 2 inhibitors, the 'coxibs'. The recently published CONDOR study was a randomized trial comparing celecoxib with omeprazole in patients at high risk for NSAID gastropathy. A statistically significant reduction in the primary endpoint was found: hazard ratio: 4.3 (95% CI: 2.6-6.7; p < 0.0001). However, the reduction was largely based on a higher incidence of anaemia in the diclofenac plus omeprazole group. The study has strengths and weaknesses. The most important conclusion is that the nature of the gastro-protective effects of celecoxib and diclofenac/misoprostol are different.

Topic: Inflammatory mediators and NSAID effects
Subfield: Pharmacology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
In vivo measurement of neuronal dopamine transporter in cannabis dependant subjects, with positron tomography and [11C]-PE2I

Restaurant industry employees have historically exhibited a high tendency toward substance use. To address this phenomenon, this study aimed to assess if a restaurant front-of-house server's work stress contributes to alcohol and illicit substance use. Specifically, it was hypothesized that a server's role stress (conflict and ambiguity) would stimulate substance use. Also, this study tested the impact of substance use on job and life satisfaction, and the moderating effect of self-control on the relationship between role stress and substance use. The results demonstrated that role ambiguity had a positive influence on substance use. Servers' drug use had a positive influence on job satisfaction, but no significant influence was found for alcohol use. As hypothesized, job satisfaction significantly increased life satisfaction. Lastly, self-control moderated the relationship between role stress and substance use. Detailed results and implications of the findings are provided in the main body of this paper.

Topic: Psychological Well-being and Life Satisfaction
Subfield: Social Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Solvothermal Synthesis and Photocatalytic Activity of BiOBr Microspheres with Hierarchical Morphologies

BiOBr microspheres with hierarchical morphologies (BiOBr-MicSphe) has potential application in heterogeneous photocatalysis for decontamination of water and air. For this reason, the synthesis, characterization an evaluation of photocatalytic activity of these materials become important. In this article, BiOBr-MicSphe were synthesized using different ranges of reaction temperature (120-200 °C) and reaction time (12 h - 24 h). Samples grown at 145 °C and 18 h showed the higher photocatalytic activity on gallic acid degradation. Morphological properties, chemical composition and structural analysis revealed that sample with higher photocatalytic activity exhibited a microspherical morphology with pure BiOBr tetragonal phase. Besides, adsorption-desorption analysis showed a smaller pore diameter for sample grown at 145 °C and 18 hrs. The results showed that the reaction temperature has a strong influence on the different properties of the material, affecting the photocatalytic activity.

Topic: Advanced Photocatalysis Techniques
Subfield: Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment
Field: Energy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Total body water determination using tetrapolar impedancemetry in CAPD patients

Journal Article Total body water determination using tetrapolar impedancemetry in CAPD patients Get access S. W. Smye, S. W. Smye Departments of Medical Physics and Paediatrics, St James's University HospitalLeeds, UK Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar M. Bradbury, M. Bradbury Departments of Medical Physics and Paediatrics, St James's University HospitalLeeds, UK Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar T. Brocklebank T. Brocklebank Departments of Medical Physics and Paediatrics, St James's University HospitalLeeds, UK Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation, Volume 9, Issue 5, 1994, Pages 585–586, https://doi.org/10.1093/ndt/9.5.585b Published: 01 January 1994

Topic: Transplantation: Methods and Outcomes
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Fabrication of Vascular Replicas From Magnetic Resonance Images

Image processing and Computer Numerical Controlled (CNC) machining techniques have been used to prepare a larger-than-life investment cast of an aortic bifurcation from magnetic resonance images of a replica of the vessel. The technique will facilitate experimental studies of vascular fluid dynamics and permit the in vitro reproduction of flows in living subjects.

Topic: Aortic Disease and Treatment Approaches
Subfield: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
The representation of John Smeaton, engineer, concerning the Hydraulic Engine, invented by Mr. William Westgarth, of Coal Cleugh, in the county of Northumberland, for raising water by water

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Topic: Historical Art and Culture Studies
Subfield: Museology
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Transcriptome analysis of three cultivars of <i>Poria cocos</i> reveals genes related to the biosynthesis of polysaccharides

Poria cocos (P. cocos) polysaccharides (PCPs) are used to improve immunity and possess antitumor activities. We compared three cultivars of P. cocos (5.78, XJ 28 and JHYH) PCP contents. Then we determined that malZ, galA, SORD, gnl and bglX are key enzymes within the PCP biosynthetic pathway by using HiSeq2500 transcriptome and qRT-PCR validation. Our results provide more detailed information about the PCP biosynthesis pathway at the molecular level in P. cocos and establish the functions for the molecular breeding to produce polysaccharides in general for therapeutic use in Chinese medicinal plants.

Topic: Polysaccharides and Plant Cell Walls
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Comparison of Luminex xTAG® RVP fast assay and real time RT‐PCR for the detection of respiratory viruses in adults with community‐acquired pneumonia

Community‐acquired pneumonia (CAP) is the third cause of death worldwide. Viruses are frequently detected in adult CAP. Highly sensitive diagnostic techniques should be used due to poor viral shedding. Different sampling methods can affect viral detection, being necessary to establish the optimal type of sample for identifying respiratory viruses in adults. The detection rates of respiratory viruses by Luminex xTAG® RVP fast assay, real time RT‐PCR (rtRT‐PCR) (Sacace®), and immunofluorescence assay (IFA) in adult CAP were performed in nasopharyngeal swabs (NPS) and aspirates (NPA) from 179 hospitalized adults. Positivity was 47.5% for Luminex®, 42.5% for rtRT‐PCR ( P = 0.3), and 2.7% for IFA (2.7%) ( P &lt; 0.0). The sensitivity, specificity, and kappa coefficient of xTAG® RVP compared with rtRT‐PCR were 84.2%, 79.6%, and 0.62%, respectively. Luminex® and rtRT‐PCR detected 65 (58.0%) and 57 (50.9%) viruses in 112 NPA and 35 (34.3%) and 31 (30.4%) in 102 NPS, respectively ( P &lt; 0.01). xTAG® RVP is appropriate for detecting respiratory viruses in CAP adults. Both molecular techniques yielded better results with nasopharyngeal aspirate than swabs. J. Med. Virol. 88:1173–1179, 2016 . © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Topic: Respiratory viral infections research
Subfield: Epidemiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Dynamic Web-Page Generation in Resource-Constrained Environments The Kertasarie Server Pages

Today, many embedded systems are equipped with network interfaces. Thus, Web based management and administration are often required in such embedded systems. General approaches, which are widely available, fail to work on those resource constrained devices. Yet, there exists a necessity to support rapid development for dynamically generated pages. In this contribution we present a framework that will be usable on many embedded systems and also helps the Web developer to simplify the document structure.

Topic: Distributed and Parallel Computing Systems
Subfield: Computer Networks and Communications
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Sacred spaces : alternative religion and healing in Glastonbury, England

From April 26 to July 27 1999 I conducted field research in Glastonbury England. During this period, I studied the manifestation of alternative religious beliefs and the provision of alternative healing in the context of seven alternative Bed and Breakfast accommodations. The following thesis probes issues relating to the manifestation of the alternative identity of these establishments, the characteristics of alternative healing in the B&amp;B's, and the nature of health and healing as understood by proprietors of these accommodations. Further, I examine the importance of the physical, spiritual and symbolic landscape of Glastonbury to the practice of healing. I also discuss the nature of the town as a centre of 'alternative' pilgrimage in relation to the model proposed by anthropologist Victor Turner. Lastly, I explore the nature of tourism in Glastonbury and the tensions which exist between the alternative spiritual world of the B&amp;B proprietors and the secular world represented by the Tourist Board.

Topic: Religious Tourism and Spaces
Subfield: Geography, Planning and Development
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Expression of human serum albumin in methylotrophic yeast Pichia pastoris and its structural and functional analysis

The stable strain of methylotrophic yeast Pichia pastoris secreting human serum albumin into cultural medium was obtained. Optimal conditions for expression of the protein were determined. We characterized the recombinant protein by mass spectrometry and circular dichroism and analyzed its catalytic activity.

Topic: Protein Interaction Studies and Fluorescence Analysis
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences