jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Seroprevalence, cross antigenicity and circulation sphere of bat-borne hantaviruses revealed by serological and antigenic analyses

(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) Bats are newly identified reservoirs of hantaviruses (HVs) among which very divergent HVs have been discovered in recent years. However, their significance for public health remains unclear since their seroprevalence as well as antigenic relationship with human-infecting HVs have not been investigated. In the present study archived tissues of 1,419 bats of 22 species from 6 families collected in 5 south and southwest provinces in China were screened by pan-HV RT-PCR following viral metagenomic analysis. As a result nine HVs have been identified in two bat species in two provinces and phylogenetically classified into two species, Laibin virus (LAIV, ICTV approved species, 1 strain) and Xuan son virus (XSV, proposed species, 8 strains). Additionally, 709 serum samples of these bats were also analyzed by ELISA to investigate the seroprevalence and cross-reactivity between different HVs using expressed recombinant nucleocapsid proteins (rNPs) of LAIV, XSV and Seoul virus (SEOV). The cross-reactivity of some bat sera were further confirmed by western blot (WB) using three rNPs followed by fluorescent antibody virus neutralization test (FAVNT) against live SEOV. Results showed that the total HV seropositive rate of bat sera was 18.5% (131/709) with many cross reacting with two or all three rNPs and several able to neutralize SEOV. WB analysis using the three rNPs and their specific hyperimmune sera demonstrated cross-reactivity between XSV/SEOV and LAIV/XSV, but not LAIV/SEOV, indicating that XSV is antigenically closer to human-infecting HVs. In addition a study of the distribution of the viruses identified an area covering the region between Chinese Guangxi and North Vietnam, in which XSV and LAIV circulate within different bat colonies with a high seroprevalence. A circulation sphere of bat-borne HVs has therefore been proposed.

Topic: Viral Infections and Vectors
Subfield: Infectious Diseases
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Design and Evaluation of the Walking Cane Handle Grip

<p class="p1">This study seeks to optimize the grip shape of canes used as walking aids. We developed a prototype shaped to reduce the dorsiflexion of the wrist joint, which we believe is a cause of wrist pain. The stability of the prototype grip is evaluated using a floor reaction force gauge based on a Nintendo Wii Balance Board [RVL-021]. The grips of conventional (S grip) and the prototype (P grip) cane were compared to find a significant difference in the behavior of anterior-posterior movement. These results indicate that the prototype showed good weight shift, and that the proposed grip design improved the stability of weight transfer during walking. <p class="p1">

Topic: Balance, Gait, and Falls Prevention
Subfield: Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation
Field: Health Professions
Domain: Health Sciences
Cooperative simultaneous localization and mapping algorithm based on distributed particle filter

In this article, cooperative simultaneous localization and mapping algorithm based on distributed particle filter is proposed for multi-robot cooperative simultaneous localization and mapping system. First, a multi-robot cooperative simultaneous localization and mapping system model is established based on Rao-Blackwellised particle filter and simultaneous localization and mapping (FastSLAM 2.0) algorithm, and an median of the local posterior probability (MP)-cooperative simultaneous localization and mapping algorithm combined with the M-posterior distributed estimation algorithm is proposed. Then, according to the accuracy advantage of the early landmarks comparing to the later landmarks in the simultaneous localization and mapping task, an improved time-median of the local posterior probability (MP)-cooperative simultaneous localization and mapping algorithm based on time difference optimization is proposed, which optimizes the weights of the local estimation and improves the accuracy of the global estimation. The simulation results show that the algorithm is practical and effective.

Topic: Robotics and Sensor-Based Localization
Subfield: Aerospace Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
An extensive monoclonal antibody panel for the phenotyping of leukocyte subsets in the common marmoset and the cotton-top tamarin

New World monkeys are valuable animal models to study human diseases. To determine the phenotype of cells involved in immune responses, we used flow cytometry to screen a large panel of anti-human monoclonal antibodies (mAb) for cross-reactivity with cells of the common marmoset and the cotton-top tamarin. Certain antigens (e.g., CD2, CD8, CD20) are well conserved. However, CD10, CD23, and CD33 showed a clear discrepancy in their reaction patterns in both species, indicating that significant differences on the epitope level occurred during evolution. Epstein-Barr virus-transformed B-cell lines were shown to be a valuable tool for screening B-cell–specific reagents. In some cases, fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) and phycoerythrin (PE) modification of mAbs had a negative effect on the binding capacity, which stressed the importance of choosing the right label. Despite the fact that some CD antigens were not detected, adequate numbers of cross-reactive mAbs were identified to perform extensive studies on immunological functions in both the common marmoset and the cotton-top tamarin. Cytometry 45:294–303, 2001. © 2001 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

Topic: T-cell and B-cell Immunology
Subfield: Immunology
Field: Immunology and Microbiology
Domain: Life Sciences
Torus mandibularis affects the severity and position‐dependent sleep apnoea in non‐obese patients

Objective Various anatomical structures of upper airway and physical differences are known to be risk factors for obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA). Torus mandibularis is a structure that can appear on the inside of the mandible. Therefore, it is possible for tori to influence airway volume by occupying the space for tongue and cause sleep apnoea. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of torus mandibularis on the severity of OSA as one of the craniofacial risk factors. Design Retrospective case‐control study. Setting University‐based tertiary medical centre. Participants Adult patients over 19‐years‐old who visited outpatient clinics with complaints of sleep‐disordered breathing symptoms between January 2010 and December 2017 were investigated. Main outcome measures The presence of torus mandibularis in oral cavity was confirmed by physical examination or CT image. We analysed demographic findings including age, sex, medical history, previous operation history, physical findings of upper airway and result of polysomnography. To evaluate the effect of torus mandibularis on OSA, polysomnography data of the two groups according to presence or absence of torus mandibularis were compared and analysed. Results Two‐hundred and thirty‐two OSA patients with BMI &lt;25 were divided into two groups, according to either the presence or absence of torus mandibularis. We analysed 138 patients of control group and 94 of torus mandibularis group. Apnoea‐hypopnoea index (AHI) was 18.8 ± 14.9 in control group and 25.1 ± 18.4 in torus mandibularis group ( P = 0.006). Respiratory disturbance index (RDI) was 23.1 ± 14.7 in control group and 27.9 ± 18.4 in torus mandibularis group ( P = 0.035). Supine AHI showed 26.6 ± 20.3 in control group and 32.5 ± 22.6 in torus mandibularis group ( P = 0.039). Patients with torus mandibularis had a trend of increase in proportion according to the severity of sleep apnoea, such as AHI ( P = 0.007) or RDI ( P = 0.034). Conclusions We newly found that the presence of torus mandibularis affects not only severity of OSA and also position‐dependent OSA. These results support the necessity of torus mandibularis evaluation in OSA patients, and further study is also required to investigate its consequence in the surgical outcome.

Topic: Oropharyngeal Anatomy and Pathologies
Subfield: Rheumatology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Evaluation of renal trauma in the emergency context: the role of computed tomography

Poster: ECR 2015 / C-1567 / Evaluation of renal trauma in the emergency context: the role of computed tomography by: C. Mota, D. Cardoso, A. Figueiredo, G. D. Gerediaga, S. Duarte; Viseu/PT

Topic: Hermeneutics and Narrative Identity
Subfield: Philosophy
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Supplementary Table S7 from EGFR Inhibition by Cetuximab Modulates Hypoxia and IFN Response Genes in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Table S7. Core enriched genes in the TGF-β signaling&lt;/p&gt;

Topic: Cancer, Hypoxia, and Metabolism
Subfield: Cancer Research
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Effects of Empagliflozin in Different Phases of Diabetes Mellitus-Related Cardiomyopathy

<title>Abstract</title> <bold>Background:</bold> In diabetes mellitus-related cardiomyopathy (DMCMP), hyperglycemia causes endothelial dysfunction, fibrosis, and myocardial injury, which result in left ventricular (LV) dysfunction. Treatment with sodium–glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitor (SGLT2i) reduces the risk of exacerbation of heart failure (HF). The beneficial effects of SGLT2i on HF depend not only on indirect actions such as osmotic diuresis but also direct actions on the myocardium leading to improvements in LV function. However, it remains unclear whether SGLT2i treatment is equally effective in any phase of DMCMP. The aim of this observational study was to compare the efficacy of SGLT2i treatment on LV dysfunction between early and advanced DMCMP.<bold>Methods:</bold> Thirty-five symptomatic non-ischemic HF patients with LV ejection fraction (EF) greater than 40% and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) treated with administration of empagliflozin (10 mg/day) were enrolled. According to the myocardial extracellular volume fraction (ECV), a reliable marker of cardiac fibrosis quantified by cardiac magnetic resonance, the patients were divided into the early DMCMP group (n = 16, ECV ≤ 30%) and advanced DMCMP group (n = 19, ECV &gt; 30%) and followed-up prospectively. Echocardiography was performed at baseline and after 12 months. LV systolic function assessed as LV global longitudinal strain (GLS) and diastolic function assessed as the ratio of early diastolic mitral inflow velocity to early diastolic mitral annular velocity (E/e’) were compared.<bold>Results: </bold>ECV was strongly correlated with T2DM duration (r<sup>2</sup> = 0.65, p &lt; 0.001). At baseline, both groups had similar backgrounds (LVGLS: 7.9 ± 2.4% vs. 6.7 ± 3.0%, p = 0.207, and E/e’: 13.2 ± 6.1 vs. 12.6 ± 3.8, p = 0.694). After 12 months, the early DMCMP group showed greater improvement in LVGLS (ΔLVGLS: 4.6 ± 1.5% vs. 1.6 ± 3.3%, p = 0.003) and E/e’ (ΔE/e’: -3.4 ± 5.5 vs. -0.1 ± 3.5, p = 0.043) than in the advanced DMCMP group.<bold>Conclusions:</bold> The positive effects of empagliflozin on LV dysfunction were more remarkable in DMCMP with mild cardiac fibrosis than with advanced fibrosis. Early intervention of SGLT2i for DMCMP is preferable.

Topic: Cardiovascular Function and Risk Factors
Subfield: Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
A Step‑By‑Step Guide on How to Buy USDT Safely and Efficiently

Abstract This article provides a comprehensive, beginner‑to‑intermediate guide on how to buy USDT, the most widely used stablecoin in the cryptocurrency market. It begins by explaining the fundamentals of USDT, its peg to the US dollar, and its role across multiple blockchain networks. The guide then evaluates various acquisition channels, including centralized exchanges, decentralized platforms, and peer‑to‑peer services, highlighting the importance of security, regulatory compliance, and fee structures. A detailed, step‑by‑step purchasing workflow is presented, supported by real‑world examples from popular platforms such as Coinbase and Binance. The article also discusses the principal risks—counterparty exposure, regulatory uncertainty, and technical vulnerabilities—while offering practical tips to mitigate them. Finally, it outlines the future outlook for USDT within the evolving stablecoin ecosystem. Readers will finish with a clear understanding of how to acquire USDT responsibly, store it securely, and leverage it for everyday transactions, trading, or DeFi participation. Key Takeaways Understanding USDT's dollar peg and multi‑chain availability is essential before purchasing.- Choosing the right platform—centralized exchange, DEX, or P2P—requires evaluating security, fees, and regulatory compliance.- Mitigating risks like counterparty exposure and technical vulnerabilities ensures safe storage and future‑proof use of USDT. Conclusion Purchasing USDT is a fundamental skill for anyone seeking to engage with the broader cryptocurrency ecosystem, whether the goal is to hedge volatility, access DeFi services, or conduct fast, low‑cost cross‑border payments. This guide has outlined the essential concepts behind USDT's stablecoin mechanism, examined the spectrum of acquisition channels—from user‑friendly centralized exchanges to technically sophisticated decentralized platforms—and provided a detailed, step‑by‑step workflow that ca... 🚀 Start Your Crypto Investment Journey This research is proudly supported by our collaboration with Binance, the world's leading digital asset trading platform. ✅ Register with our exclusive invitation code A6789 to enjoy a permanent discount on trading fees ✅ Access to a vast ecosystem of digital assets and secure trading environment ✅ Trusted by millions of users worldwide Register Now and Claim Your Bonus →

Topic: Blockchain Technology Applications and Security
Subfield: Information Systems
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Psychosomatic Approach to Fibromyalgia Syndrome: Medical, Psychological, and Social Aspects

Management of patients who describe chronic pain all over the body, associated with a range of symptoms as sleep disturbance, overwhelming fatigue, alteration in mood, or psychological distress that worsens the quality of life, is often complex and challenging. This syndrome has been named by terms such as “neurasthenia,” “fibrositis,” and “fibromyalgia”. At the present time, fibromyalgia is considered the most common central sensitivity syndrome, affecting over 5% of the population, being often observed in people with rheumatic conditions. While typically presenting in middle-aged women, fibromyalgia can affect both sexes at any age. The causes of fibromyalgia remain unknown. Significant research findings have focused on dysfunction of central pain processing, with defects in the ascending and descending pain pathways leading to increased pain perception. There are two methods used in the diagnosis of fibromyalgia: criteria-based diagnosis and clinical diagnosis. Although fibromyalgia defies definitively efficacious management, much evidence underlies the importance of treating the psychological factors that affect pain management process. The primary purpose of this paper is to provide a psychosomatic approach to fibromyalgia from three points of view of processing: the viewpoint of the medical profession, the position of the psychologist, and finally the way of thinking of people.

Topic: Fibromyalgia and Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Research
Subfield: Psychiatry and Mental health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
The 37th S.H. Foulkes Annual Lecture: One Person is No Person

Our social nature had been an intelligent assumption for a long time, until biology demonstrated it in the 1960s. Psychoanalysis, the science of human nature has been based on selfish foundations, and its structural theory presents us with a single, lonely person of id, ego and superego. Even Foulkes, who based his group theories on psychoanalysis, could only speculate about our social nature, but gave us the fundamental notion of the social unconscious. In the 1960s biology scientifically demonstrated the social instinct. Yet, the various thinkers, who tried to enlarge group analytic thinking, continued speculating, and did not make use of the social instinct, although it was there. As if the body, the material part of us was not important, as if we existed all up there, in some higher regions. We need our body for love, and a theory good enough to understand it. What I have to offer is a personality theory based on instincts, or with other words, on the psychological affects of our genes. Our ego develops out of the older selfish instinct, as elaborated by psychoanalysis. But the new social instinct provides the foundations of our genuinely social nature, I call ‘nos’, Latin for ‘we’. Accordingly the new structural theory is made up of the id, ego and nos. On such a foundation we can build a consistent social group analytic theory.

Topic: Psychotherapy Techniques and Applications
Subfield: Clinical Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
On a special case of Wilf’s conjecture

Let [Formula: see text] be a numerical semigroup with embedding dimension [Formula: see text], minimal set of generators [Formula: see text], Frobenius number [Formula: see text], multiplicity [Formula: see text] and genus [Formula: see text]. In this paper, we prove that Wilfs conjecture i.e. the inequality [Formula: see text] holds for [Formula: see text] when [Formula: see text] is a basis for [Formula: see text]

Topic: Commutative Algebra and Its Applications
Subfield: Algebra and Number Theory
Field: Mathematics
Domain: Physical Sciences
Highly\nEfficient Target Recycling-Based Netlike Y‑DNA\nfor Regulation of Electrocatalysis toward Methylene Blue for Sensitive\nDNA Detection

In\nthis work, the highly efficient target recycling-based netlike\nY-shaped DNA (Y-DNA), which regulated the electrocatalysis of Fe&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;@CeO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;–Pt nanoparticles (Fe&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;@CeO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;–PtNPs) toward methylene\nblue (MB) for signal amplification, was developed to prepare a sensitive\nDNA biosensor for detecting the DNA associated with oral cancer. Specifically,\nwith the help of highly efficient enzyme-assisted target recycling\n(EATR) amplification strategy, one target DNA input was converted\nto corresponding plenty of DNA strands S1Fe&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;@CeO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;–Pt and S2MB output, which\ncould be employed to interact with HP2 immobilized on the electrode\nsurface to form stable netlike Y-DNA without any waste of recycling\nproducts. Meanwhile, the formation of netlike Y-DNA could regulate\nelectrocatalytic efficiency of Fe&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;@CeO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;–PtNPs, inducing the proximity of Fe&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;@CeO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;–PtNPs to MB and significantly enhancing\nelectrochemical signal. Further, the signal could also be amplified\nby Fe&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;@CeO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;–PtNPs modified\non the electrode surface. By virtue of this ingenious design, a novel\nnetlike Y-DNA structure based on highly efficient EATR was simply\nconstructed and successfully applied to an electrochemical DNA biosensor\nalong with electrocatalysis of Fe&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;@CeO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;–PtNPs, achieving the sensitive detection of target\nDNA ranging from 10 fM to 50 nM with a detection limit of 3.5 fM.\nImpressively, the biosensor here demonstrates an admirable method\nfor regulating the electrocatalysis of NPs toward substrates to enhance\nsignal, and we believe that this biosensor is a potential candidate\nfor the sensitive detection of target DNA or other disease-related\nnucleic acids.

Topic: Advanced biosensing and bioanalysis techniques
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
In silico identification of linear B-cell epitope in Coronavirus 2019 (SARS-CoV-2) surface glycoprotein: a prospective towards peptide vaccine

BACKGROUND: The 2020 Coronavirus pandemic continuing spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS CoV-2). At the moment, there is no specific antiviral treatment or monoclonal antibodies or vaccines available for COVID-19. SARS-CoV-2 is positive-stranded RNA viruses with a crown-like appearance due to the occurrence of spike (surface) glycoproteins on the envelope. In the present study, the computational method used to predict the significant linear B cell epitopes of SARS-CoV-2 surface glycoprotein.METHODS: FASTA sequence of SARS-CoV-2 surface glycoprotein was retrieved from the NCBI database, and further its primary and secondary structure was analyzed for its physical and chemicals properties. IEDB server was used to predict the B-cell epitopes.RESULTS: ABCprep server and IEDB server prediction results for B-cell epitopes showed 16 and 21 linear epitope sequences respectively in the surface glycoprotein of SARS-CoV-2.CONCLUSIONS: Obtained results conclude that predicted B-cell Epitopes may serve as an immunogen for eliciting monoclonal antibodies which can be used as a potential candidate for the treatment or diagnostic purpose for COVID-19.

Topic: vaccines and immunoinformatics approaches
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
[Usefulness of enhanced computed tomography in the diagnosis of pulmonary thromboembolism].

Pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE) was diagnosed in 22 patients at Saga Medical School between 1981 and 1994. Enhanced computed tomography (CT) was done in 8 patients, and filling defects in the central pulmonary artery were identified in 6. Parenchymal shadows (wedge shaped shadows, subpleural consolidation, or nodular shadow's) were noted in 5. When enhanced CT was done during acute severe respiratory failure in 3 patients, pulmonary artery filling defects were found in all. These findings suggest that enhanced CT is useful as a diagnostic tool for acute PTE with respiratory failure. Electron beam CT may be a sensitive and specific means of diagnosing PTE because it can be done quickly and without breath-holding. We conclude that enhanced CT should be used as the first diagnostic procedure in patients with severe respiratory failure who may have PTE.

Topic: Venous Thromboembolism Diagnosis and Management
Subfield: Internal Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Optimizing Decision Preparedness by Adapting Scenario Complexity and Automating Scenario Generation

Klein's recognition-primed decision (RPD) framework proposes that experts make decisions by recognizing similarities between current decision situations and previous decision experiences. Unfortunately, military personnel arQ often presented with situations that they have not experienced before. Scenario-based training (S8T) can help mitigate this gap. However, SBT remains a challenging and inefficient training approach. To address these limitations, the authors present an innovative formulation of scenario complexity that contributes to the larger research goal of developing an automated scenario generation system. This system will enable trainees to effectively advance through a variety of increasingly complex decision situations and experiences. By adapting scenario complexities and automating generation, trainees will be provided with a greater variety of appropriately calibrated training events, thus broadening their repositories of experience. Preliminary results from empirical testing (N=24) of the proof-of-concept formula are presented, and future avenues of scenario complexity research are also discussed.

Topic: AI-based Problem Solving and Planning
Subfield: Artificial Intelligence
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences