jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
[Biliary ileus].

This is a report on nine cases presenting biliary ileus. All patients undergo operative management. Two female patients present Bouveret's syndrome. The inference is reached that gallstone induced intestinal obstruction is characterized by atypical clinical patterns, conditioning in turn the diagnostic difficulties encountered, and the necessity to undertake operative treatment against the background of advanced ileus. The latter is one of the rarest forms of intestinal obstruction. Biliary ileus treatment consists in the removal of small intestinal impatency. The concretion is pushed in oral direction, and its evacuation is successfully accomplished by enterotomy, duodenotomy or gastrotomy. Two fatal outcomes due to severe advanced form of ileus are reported.

Topic: Biliary and Gastrointestinal Fistulas
Subfield: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Immobilization and One-Dimensional Arrangement of Virus Capsids with Nanoscale Precision Using DNA Origami

DNA origami was used as a scaffold to arrange spherical virus capsids into one-dimensional arrays with precise nanoscale positioning. To do this, we first modified the interior surface of bacteriophage MS2 capsids with fluorescent dyes as a model cargo. An unnatural amino acid on the external surface was then coupled to DNA strands that were complementary to those extending from origami tiles. Two different geometries of DNA tiles (rectangular and triangular) were used. The capsids associated with tiles of both geometries with virtually 100% efficiency under mild annealing conditions, and the location of capsid immobilization on the tile could be controlled by the position of the probe strands. The rectangular tiles and capsids could then be arranged into one-dimensional arrays by adding DNA strands linking the corners of the tiles. The resulting structures consisted of multiple capsids with even spacing (approximately 100 nm). We also used a second set of tiles that had probe strands at both ends, resulting in a one-dimensional array of alternating capsids and tiles. This hierarchical self-assembly allows us to position the virus particles with unprecedented control and allows the future construction of integrated multicomponent systems from biological scaffolds using the power of rationally engineered DNA nanostructures.

Topic: Advanced biosensing and bioanalysis techniques
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Design and Investigation of DC and Microwave Characteristics of InGaP/InGaAs/GaAs Dual Channel Pseudomorphic HEMT (DC-PHEMT)

A InGaP/InGaAs/GaAs dual channel pseudomorphic HEMT (DC- PHEMT) with interesting triple doped sheets having gate length 800nm is modeled and simulated by using 2-dimensional simulation package ATLAS from Silvaco. Different DC and microwave performances of the above device are analyzed and investigated to judge the potential of the device for high- performance digital device applications. Due to the schottky behavior of InGaP, good pinch-off and saturation characteristics, high drain saturation current, large and linear transconductance and excellent microwave characteristics are obtained. The studied dual channel HEMT with delta-doped sheet densities and proper layers; prove promise for electronic applications.

Topic: Semiconductor Quantum Structures and Devices
Subfield: Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Central pontine myelinolysis following pediatric living donor liver transplantation: A case report and review of literature

Abstract CPM is one of the most serious neurological complications that can occur after OLT and is characterized by symmetrical demyelinization in the basis pontis. The etiology of CPM remains unclear, although the rapid correction of the serum sodium and CNI concentrations may be associated with the development of CPM . With recent advances in MRI technology, early diagnosis of CPM has become possible. Here, we present the case of a five‐yr‐old female who developed CNI ‐associated CPM after undergoing LDLT . A decreased level of consciousness and dysphasia was noted one wk after LDLT , and MRI revealed findings compatible with a diagnosis of CPM . The patient fully recovered from the neurological deficits related to CPM following the switch from the CNI to sirolimus. We propose MRI to be promptly considered for patients with abnormal neurological findings, together with the substitution of CNI with an mTOR inhibitor as a management regimen for CNI ‐related CPM .

Topic: Neurological Complications and Syndromes
Subfield: Psychiatry and Mental health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Tapping into a Different Cultural Tradition: Sir William Temple's Aesthetic Innovations

Studies of Sir William Temple usually associate him with the English Battle of the Books. Since his defense of the old against the new in European arts and sciences was known even in his day to be inadequate, his role in the literary history of England has so far been largely trivialized. Challenging this conventional reading, this essay strives to show that the innovation and significance of Temple's aesthetics was closely connected with his somewhat known—but hitherto insufficiently scrutinized—longstanding interest in the cultural tradition of the Far East.

Topic: Historical Art and Culture Studies
Subfield: Museology
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Heart Transplantation: Outcome

Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image size Additional informationNotes on contributorsA. VorlatA. Vorlat University Hospital Antwerp Department of cardiology Wilrijkstraat 10 2650 Edegem Tel.: 03/8214769 E-mail: anne.vorlat@uza.be

Topic: Cytomegalovirus and herpesvirus research
Subfield: Epidemiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Slave flexible micro-finger integrated with sensor for master-slave sense presentation system

In this study, we investigated a flexible micro-finger as slave machine of a master-slave sense presentation system. Information on the contact object, such as temperature, was acquired using a sensor integrated into the micro-finger. A pneumatic micro-actuator was used as artificial muscle to drive the micro-finger. The human interface of the master-slave system was implemented to present information acquired by the slave micro-finger. The integration of the sensor into the flexible and deformable actuator is presented in this paper. A thermistor was embedded into the tip of the pneumatic balloon actuator. Sufficient electrical connection and endurance of the wire under large bending motion were verified. The effective contribution of the micro-finger to temperature measurement on unstable biological surface and master-slave temperature presentation system was demonstrated.

Topic: Neuroscience and Neural Engineering
Subfield: Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences
Opening the blind eye :causal modelling of perceived discrimination and academic disengagement for indigenous students

The issue of minority groups showing patterns of disassociation from the academic environment has received considerable attention within both national and international psychological and educational literature. At the national level, some research has focused on Indigenous Australian students dissociating from academia, however to date, such research has either been circumstantial and/or has been based on small samples of Indigenous Australian students. The purpose of the study reported in this paper was to quantitatively explore the academic disengagement, anxiety, uncertain control, and self-sabotage of Indigenous students through the use of a longitudinal structural equation modelling techniques. Specifically, utilising self-report surveys from a sample of Indigenous Australian high-school students (n = 271), home socio-economic resources (SER), and perceived racial discrimination were examined to explore their causal rtelations. While SER was found to causally predict lower levels of self-sabotage, perceived discrimination causally predicted both higher levels of disengagement and low control. These findings suggest that future interventions need to focus not only upon socio-demographic factors, but also the psycho-social variables that may play a strong role in influencing Indigenous students’ engagement or disengagement within the schooling system.

Topic: Early Childhood Education and Development
Subfield: Education
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Unifying Identification and Context Learning for Person Recognition

Despite the great success of face recognition techniques, recognizing persons under unconstrained settings remains challenging. Issues like profile views, unfavorable lighting, and occlusions can cause substantial difficulties. Previous works have attempted to tackle this problem by exploiting the context, e.g. clothes and social relations. While showing promising improvement, they are usually limited in two important aspects, relying on simple heuristics to combine different cues and separating the construction of context from people identities. In this work, we aim to move beyond such limitations and propose a new framework to leverage context for person recognition. In particular, we propose a Region Attention Network, which is learned to adaptively combine visual cues with instance-dependent weights. We also develop a unified formulation, where the social contexts are learned along with the reasoning of people identities. These models substantially improve the robustness when working with the complex contextual relations in unconstrained environments. On two large datasets, PIPA and Cast In Movies (CIM), a new dataset proposed in this work, our method consistently achieves state-of-the-art performance under multiple evaluation policies.

Topic: Face recognition and analysis
Subfield: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
ASSESSMENT OF PARAMETERS OF LABORATORY MODEL OF TELECOMMUNICATION MAST

This work presents an algorithm for determining values of parameters of a laboratory model of a telecommunication mast. The algorithm is constituted by several steps finally leading to a physically executable model, being a good representation of the dynamics of the mast construction. The calculations carried out were used for design a laboratory model of a telecommunications mast.

Topic: Stability and Controllability of Differential Equations
Subfield: Control and Systems Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Migration and social uses of facebook: An Approach to Senegalese Web Diaspora in Rio Grande do Sul

Abstract This article begins with a discussion about relations between network communication and transnational migration. The concept of webdiaspora is also presented. In the second part of the paper, four Facebook pages of Senegalese migrants living in Rio Grande do Sul are analyzed. In this work paper, Facebook is understood as part of migration dynamics, like a communication environment of identity affirmation. Likewise, Facebook is considered to be a meeting place of a diaspora that is organized in terms of associations for recognition policies in Brazil. The text is part of a communication research about TICs and migration dynamics between Senegal and Rio Grande do Sul.

Topic: Migration, Ethnicity, and Economy
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
An Activity Network Approach for the Analysis of Manning Policies in Firefighting Operations

This paper presents a semi-empirical method for the analysis of manning policies in firefighting. Since manpower costs account for a major share of non-volunteer fire departments' budgets, manning level is one of the most important policy issues relating to fire departments faced by local government decision makers. Yet, practically no analytic research of manning levels has been previously carried out. The method described in this paper uses an activity network approach to describe fireground command operations and a structured interview to obtain data. The technique was used to analyze the effect of manning level in one- and two-family residential fires in the city of Calgary, Canada. A series of structured interviews with fire department officers generated data concerning precedence relations among activities, their durations, and their manpower requirements. These were used to establish a relationship between manning levels and time needed to extinguish the fire. The analysis indicated that there is a limit on manning level above which only marginal improvement can be obtained. Also, the effect of an additional firefighter depends on the existing manning level. The results presented here are of a preliminary nature. However, they seem to lend credibility to the technique. In addition, we discuss some qualitative conclusions and other possible uses of the method.

Topic: Urban Transport and Accessibility
Subfield: Transportation
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Trying to make sense of violence within a couple

From a clinical case of a violent couple, the author analyzes the functions of containment, of anal organizing of the couple envelope and of the analytical framework. The development of an inter-transference, which unites both partners, allows playing again part of the primary maternal destructivity within this couple. The author finds a meaning to this a priori aberrant behavior, and understands it as a constantly recurrent attempt to symbolize the internal destruction in each of the partners. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) (journal abstract)

Topic: Psychology and Mental Health
Subfield: Clinical Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Acupuncture: Past, Present, and Future

During the past 40 years, acupuncture, a therapeutic technique of oriental medicine, has become more and more popular, evolving into one of the most utilized forms of complementary integrative medicine interventions in the United States. In fact, more than 10 million acupuncture treatments are administered annually in the United States alone.(1) Its rise in popularity, particularly in the West, can be attributed in part to its effectiveness for pain relief and in part to the fact that scientific studies have begun to prove its efficacy.

Topic: Acupuncture Treatment Research Studies
Subfield: Complementary and alternative medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
LHD 4p5U-AL01-NF #165849.1

The plasma monitor cameras are installed in 6-T, 6-O and 10-O ports for monitoring LHD plasmas. Five cameras are set in 3-O port for observing the lower divertor structure near 2.5-L port and the plasma-wall interactions on the divertor plates.

Topic: Diverse Aspects of Tourism Research
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
The origin of intermuscular adipose tissue and its pathophysiological implications

The intermuscular adipose tissue (IMAT) is a depot of adipocytes located between muscle bundles. Several investigations have recently been carried out to define the phenotype, the functional characteristics, and the origin of the adipocytes present in this depot. Among the different mechanisms that could be responsible for the accumulation of fat in this site, the dysdifferentiation of muscle-derived stem cells or other mesenchymal progenitors has been postulated, turning them into cells with an adipocyte phenotype. In particular, muscle satellite cells (SCs), a heterogeneous stem cell population characterized by plasticity and self-renewal that allow muscular growth and regeneration, can acquire features of adipocytes, including the abilities to express adipocyte-specific genes and accumulate lipids. Failure to express the transcription factors that direct mesenchymal precursors into fully differentiated functionally specialized cells may be responsible for their phenotypic switch into the adipogenic lineage. We proved that human SCs also possess a clear adipogenic potential that could explain the presence of mature adipocytes within skeletal muscle. This occurs under some pathological conditions (i.e., primary myodystrophies, obesity, hyperglycemia, high plasma free fatty acids, hypoxia, etc.) or as a consequence of thiazolidinedione treatment or simply because of a sedentary lifestyle or during aging. Several pathways and factors (PPARs, WNT growth factors, myokines, GEF-GAP-Rho, p66 shc , mitochondrial ROS production, PKCβ) could be implicated in the adipogenic conversion of SCs. The understanding of the molecular pathways that regulate muscle-to-fat conversion and SC behavior could explain the increase in IMAT depots that characterize many metabolic diseases and age-related sarcopenia.

Topic: Muscle Physiology and Disorders
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Synergistic Anti-Tumor Effects of Zoledronic Acid and Radiotherapy against Metastatic Hepatocellular Carcinoma

A 72-year-old man with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma and decompensated hepatitis C virus-related cirrhosis suffered from a metastatic femoral fracture. After undergoing radiotherapy, he was only treated with supportive care, except for the administration of zoledronic acid (ZA). Thereafter, the initially elevated serum α-fetoprotein and des-gamma carboxyprothrombin levels declined to within the normal ranges. Hepatic and metastatic adrenal tumors, distant from the radiation field, exhibited a surprising regression. ZA is known to inhibit the activity of osteoclasts, bone-residential macrophages, and has been reported to have a direct anti-tumor effect. ZA may adjust the immunological milieu in tumor microenvironments by inhibiting the tumor-associated macrophages. Because radiotherapy can enhance the presentation of tumor-associated antigens, ZA and radiotherapy may exert synergistic anti-tumor effects.

Topic: Cancer, Lipids, and Metabolism
Subfield: Cancer Research
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
The Effects of Practical Problem-Based Home Economics Instruction (PPBHEI) on Middle School Students' Creativity: Focusing on the Content on “Clothing Management and Recycling”

The purpose of this study was to test the effects of Practical Problem-Based Home Economics Instruction (PPBHEI) on middle school students' creativity, focusing on the content on “clothing management and recycling.” This study carried out quasi-experimental research with an independent variable of PPBHEI and a dependent variable of creativity. The experiment was based on a sample of 62 (31 in each group) second grade students in the Cheongju area over four class hours. ANCOVA was performed to examine pre-test and post-test differences between the experimental group and the control group. The results showed that PPBHEI did not improve the level of creativity but improved the level of creative motivation among the sub-elements of creativity (creative thinking, creative tendency, creative motivation). In particular, PPBHEI improved the level of independence in creative tendency, intrinsic motivation, and diligence in creative motivation. From the results of this study, it can be concluded that PPBHEI is effective in improving independence, intrinsic motivation, and diligence in respect of middle school students’creativity.

Topic: Education and Learning Interventions
Subfield: Information Systems
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Special Considerations for Intangible Property

This chapter discusses special considerations that arise in seeking to establish whether the conditions made or imposed in transactions between associated enterprises involving intangible property reflect arm&apos;s length dealings. Particular attention to intangible property transactions is appropriate because the transactions are often difficult to evaluate for tax purposes. The chapter discusses the application of appropriate methods under the arm&apos;s length principle for establishing transfer pricing for transactions involving intangible property used in commercial activities, including marketing activities. It also discusses specific difficulties that arise when the enterprises conducting marketing activities are not the legal owners of marketing intangibles such as trademarks and trade names. Cost contribution arrangements among associated enterprises for research and development expenditures that may result in intangible property will be discussed in Chapter VIII.

Topic: Corporate Taxation and Avoidance
Subfield: Accounting
Field: Business, Management and Accounting
Domain: Social Sciences
Synthesis, Biological Evaluation, and Docking Studies of Open-ChainCarbohydrate Amides as Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors

Introduction: Alzheimer’s disease is a multifactorial syndrome, which is not yet fully understood, causing memory loss, dementia, and, ultimately, death. Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors are the mainstay drugs that are used in disease-symptomatic treatment. In this work, we report a new synthetic route yielding sugar amides as low to moderate acetylcholinesterase inhibitors. Methods: Commercially available diacetone glucose was converted into perbenzyl D-glucono-1,4- lactone, which reacted with aromatic or aliphatic amines to afford the corresponding new amides in a high isolated yield. Docking studies of the most promising hydroxybutylamide and benzylamide were performed to assign binding interactions with acetylcholinesterase and determine the key features for bioactivity. Results: The inhibitors are accommodated in enzyme gorge, blocking the access to Ser203 mainly due to π-π stacking interactions of sugar benzyl groups with the aromatic gorge residues, Tyr337 and Tyr341 for both inhibitors and Trp439 only for the hydroxybutylamide. Conclusion: Bonding is also significant through sugar interaction with the residues Tyr124 and Ser125-OH in both inhibitors. Flexibility of these open-chain structures seems to be quite relevant for the observed binding to acetylcholinesterase.

Topic: Cholinesterase and Neurodegenerative Diseases
Subfield: Pharmacology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Stable, Low‐Temperature Discotic Nematic Superstructures by Incorporating a Laterally Substituted Sidearm in Hexakis(phenylethynyl)benzene Discogens

Abstract A new strategy for preparing room‐temperature discotic nematic materials is proposed and developed stepwise to improve various discotic nematic properties. This approach replaces one sidearm of the discotic hexakis(4‐hexyloxyphenylethynyl)benzene with a tris(alkoxy) sidearm, 1‐ethynyl‐2,3,4‐tris(hexyloxybenzene), to lower transition temperatures, manipulate discotic nematic ranges, and preserve the discotic nematic superstructure while preventing column formation. Although symmetry considerations play a role in the resulting mesogenic properties, steric hindrance and van der Waals interactions are ascribed to the superior discotic nematic properties of the newly prepared discogens containing a laterally substituted sidearm.

Topic: Liquid Crystal Research Advancements
Subfield: Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences