jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Advance care planning, culture and religion: an environmental scan of Australian-based online resources

Objectives Culture and religion are important in advance care planning (ACP), yet it is not well understood how this is represented in ACP online resources. The aim of the present study was to identify the availability of Australian-based ACP websites and online informational booklets containing cultural and religious information. Methods An environmental scanning framework was used with a Google search conducted from 30 June 2015 to 5 July 2015. Eligible Australian-based ACP websites and online informational booklets were reviewed by two analysts (APS &amp; PM) for information pertaining to at least one culture or religion. Common characteristics were agreed upon and tabulated with narrative description. Results Seven Australian-based ACP websites were identified with varying degrees of cultural and religious information. Seven Australian-based ACP informational booklets were identified addressing culture or religion, namely of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander (n = 5), Sikh (n = 1) and Italian (n = 1) communities. Twenty-one other online resources with cultural and religious information were identified, developed within the context of health and palliative care. Conclusions There is no comprehensive Australian-based ACP website or informational booklet supporting ACP across several cultural and religious contexts. Considering Australia’s multicultural and multifaith population, such a resource may be beneficial in increasing awareness and uptake of ACP. What is known about the topic? Health professionals and consumers frequently use the Internet to find information. Non-regulation has resulted in the proliferation of ACP online resources (i.e. ACP websites and online informational booklets). Although this has contributed to raising awareness of ACP, the availability of Australian-based ACP online resources with cultural and religious information is not well known. What does this paper add? This paper is the first to use an environmental scanning methodology to identify Australian-based ACP websites and online informational booklets with cultural and religious information. What are the implications for practitioners? The results of this environmental scan present the availability of Australian-based ACP websites and online informational booklets containing cultural and religious information. A thorough understanding may assist in identifying gaps for future ACP project planning and policy objectives, consistent with meeting cultural and religious needs. This may be beneficial for health professionals, consumers, health associations, organisations and government policy makers concerned with ACP.

Topic: Palliative Care and End-of-Life Issues
Subfield: Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Microfluidic Approaches to Bacterial Biofilm Formation

Bacterial biofilms—aggregations of bacterial cells and extracellular polymeric substrates (EPS)—are an important subject of research in the fields of biology and medical science. Under aquatic conditions, bacterial cells form biofilms as a mechanism for improving survival and dispersion. In this review, we discuss bacterial biofilm development as a structurally and dynamically complex biological system and propose microfluidic approaches for the study of bacterial biofilms. Biofilms develop through a series of steps as bacteria interact with their environment. Gene expression and environmental conditions, including surface properties, hydrodynamic conditions, quorum sensing signals, and the characteristics of the medium, can have positive or negative influences on bacterial biofilm formation. The influences of each factor and the combined effects of multiple factors may be addressed using microfluidic approaches, which provide a promising means for controlling the hydrodynamic conditions, establishing stable chemical gradients, performing measurement in a high-throughput manner, providing real-time monitoring, and providing in vivo-like in vitro culture devices. An increased understanding of biofilms derived from microfluidic approaches may be relevant to improving our understanding of the contributions of determinants to bacterial biofilm development.

Topic: Bacterial biofilms and quorum sensing
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
The water relaxation in polymers containing the amide group

Abstract The low temperature water relaxation of synthetic polymers containing the amide group is usually attributed to the motion of a water‐polymer complex in the amorphous region. According to Puffr and Sebenda the complex is formed by water and amide group in the stoichiometric ratio 1.5. Elastin, an insoluble protein of vessels and ligaments, seems the ideal polymer for testing the model, being practically free of polar side groups and having a glass transition at 200°C, so that its “water peak” can be easily investigated. Calorimetric investigations show that the molar ratio for “bound water‐amide group” is indeed 1.5, as predicted by the model. The activation energy of the “water peak” is very close, for the “dry” protein, to that of nylons, but it decreases with increasing hydration to a limit of 9 kcal/mole. The results give additional support to the traditional interpretation of the polyamide beta relaxation and to the Puffr and Sabenda model for the interaction of water and amide groups in synthetic polymers.

Topic: Hydrogels: synthesis, properties, applications
Subfield: Molecular Medicine
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Electric rhetoric: classical rhetoric, oralism, and a new literacy

Explores the changes in writing and discourse brought about by electronic forms of communication. The book integrates three related strands: the redeployment of Sophistic classical rhetoric; late-1990s literacy theories within rhetoric and composition studies, including gender and race issues; and the inherently rhetorical nature of screens in relationship to writing and other communication technologies. Throughout the book the author deals with women's issues.

Topic: Literacy, Media, and Education
Subfield: Literature and Literary Theory
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Myocardial regeneration by adult stem cells.

Ventricular remodeling and heart failure are the inevitable consequences of myocardial infarction. Current options to cure myocardial infarction and subsequent heart failure suffer from specific limitations. Thus, alternative, additional long-term therapeutic strategies are needed to cure this costly and deadly disease. Cardiac regeneration is a promising new therapeutic option. Through cellular and molecular therapies, the concept of in situ "growing" heart muscle, vascular tissue and manipulating the extracellular matrix environment promises to revolutionize the approach of treating heart disease. Recent studies have suggested that stem cells resident within the bone marrow or peripheral blood can be recruited to the injured heart. The regeneration of damaged heart tissue may include the mobilization of progenitor or stem cells to the damaged area or stimulation of a regenerative program within the organ. There is now evidence accumulating that the heart contains resident stem cells that can be induced to develop into cardiac muscle and vascular tissue. The present review aims to describe the potential, the current status and the future challenges of myocardial regeneration by adult stem cells.

Topic: Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Challenges and Options for the UK Agri‐Environment: Presidential Address

After fifteen years of agri‐environment policy it is now appropriate to take stock of these policies. This is important because these policies are scheduled to expand in the coming decade, their benefits are likely to continue growing and the demand for benefits is also likely to expand. This paper therefore reviews the current agri‐environmental situation, isolating some of the current challenges to the schemes implemented in the UK, and compares main options for their amelioration. Finally it focuses particularly on the “end of contract problem” arising from the weak sustainability of the policy benefits from short‐term voluntary contracts.

Topic: Agricultural Economics and Policy
Subfield: General Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Wearable device for sedentary behavior change in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is feasible and acceptable

RATIONALE: Individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exhibit reduced physical activity (PA) and increased sedentary behavior (SB), both of which are independent predictors of mortality. Wearable technology providing vibration movement prompts may be effective in decreasing SB. This study aimed to assess the feasibility and perceptions of a vibration based FitBit™ SB change strategy in individuals with COPD.METHODS Individuals with stable COPD wore a FitBit™ with movement prompts enabled and disabled for one week each (order randomized). Feasibility and perceptions of the wearable device were assessed in each condition. A validated activity monitor (ActivPAL4™) was used to measure PA and SB.MAIN RESULTS: Of the 28 participants connected with, 19 (68%) expressed interest. A total of 18 of the 19 (95%) interested were eligible to participate, and 15 of 28 (54%) enrolled. All 15 participants completed the study with no dropouts. Nine (64%) participants identified the device as affordable. Perceptions toward the devices were generally positive or agreeable and were unaffected by the device condition (with or without prompts; P > 0.05). Responses to additional open-ended questions revealed that participants thought the device was helpful for breaking up sitting time, the timing of vibration reminders was perceived as confusing by some, and accessibility of the devices and individual preferences are important considerations.CONCLUSIONS The wearable device SB reduction strategy was feasible and participants had positive perceptions toward using it. Individualization and accessibility of device are important considerations.

Topic: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Research
Subfield: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Conspiratorial Framing : Framing as a Tool in the War on Information

This research aims to understand the frames used by conspiracy theorists by establishing a new pathway in media framing, or in other words a media framing micro-theory, called conspiratorial framing​. The aims are accomplished through a critical analysis of the case of Alex Jones, a conspiracy theorist, and InfoWars, the media channel through which Jones operates. Through frame analysis, accomplished by implementing the methods of thematic content analysis and visual analysis then applying frame analysis to the results of those methods, this research explores the ways Jones and InfoWars give meaning to the events portrayed in the conspiracy theories perpetuated on InfoWars programs. The qualitative data analysis in this research, constituted by thematic content analysis and visual analysis, uses open coding to extract themes from transcribed data while the methodological guidance of frame analysis, supplemented by theories regarding representation and reality construction, provides a theoretical background for this research. These methods and methodologies are applied to the empirical material of 14 YouTube videos. The thematic content analysis is applied to transcriptions of the videos, and the visual analysis is performed on the videos themselves. The 14 videos, published on YouTube between the years of 2011 and 2017, total about two hours of richly dense content. This dissertation culminates in the development of the “conspiratorial framing” grounded theory, defined by the establishment of a typology of conspiratorial frames present in and extracted from InfoWars broadcasts. The conspiratorial framing typology that this research develops consists of five thematic frames, which are ​fearmongering​, ​disdaining institutions​, nationalism​, ​demonizing political others​, and ​methods of validation​. This research not only contributes to media framing, but also, and arguably more importantly, to the broader fields of thought regarding media representation and the mediated construction of reality. By adding the new facet of conspiratorial framing to the current understanding of the media landscape—as defined by the complex web of intertextuality between not only different facets of media, but also media and the consumer—a better understanding can be gained of how information is presented, re-presented, and ultimately understood in this digitally mediated world. This focus on conspiracy theories as part of the mediated web of our digital world will ultimately help shine a light on the nature of truth, fact, and reality.

Topic: Misinformation and Its Impacts
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
E. -Recherches palynologiques sur les sédiments du golfe de Gabès : résultats préliminaires

Palynological studies were carried out on three core-holes :K 1 5, K19 and K103. Tree vegetation pollen phases were dominant (Pinus associated or not with Quercus, Olea, Pistacia and deciduous trees), alternating with steppe type vegetation (mainly Chenopodiaceae and Artemisia). The respective changes of the different vegetal landscapes (forests, matorrals, steppes) are linked to climatic variations and are shown by the alternation of drought and humidity in the Mediterranean environment. The humid episodes have, above all, caused the southward migration of Mediterranean type vegetation which is now restricted to northern Tunisia. The bioclimatic sequences are found in the upper Pleistocene and the Holocene, between 27 230 ± 1 000 years B.P. and the recent epoch.

Topic: Mediterranean and Iberian flora and fauna
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
CITIZENSHIP EDUCATION WITH MORAL-BASED POSSIBILITIES: INQUIRIES IN AN AMERICAN FIFTH GRADE CLASSROOM

Moral growth of students can become neglected due to schooling’s focus on intellectual growth. In this paper, I explore the value of “imaginative engagement” and “empathetic understanding,” theoretically conceptualized, as a way to address the issue of a more flexible curriculum in fiction literature for conscientious citizenship education. After a brief review of moral education factors, I indicate a conception of democratic citizenship. Next, I demonstrate specific examples and situations for moral-based experiences related to fifth grade curriculum—namely, literature in the classroom. I conclude with a detailed exploration of the value of moral-based possibilities within the school context for development of democratic citizens.

Topic: Values and Moral Education
Subfield: Education
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
On the Dirichlet problem of elliptic type

We investigate the existence of solutions and their stability for elliptic Dirichlet problems with nonlinearity of a convex-concave type. By relating the primal action and the dual action functionals on certain subsets of their domains we get the existence of solutions which are further stable with respect to a numerical parameter. We allow also for the differential operator to depend on a numerical parameter.

Topic: Nonlinear Partial Differential Equations
Subfield: Applied Mathematics
Field: Mathematics
Domain: Physical Sciences
Defined Benefit Pension Plans: A Stochastic Dynamic Programming Approach

Seminar at the Wharton School for comments on earlier drafts of this paper. The usual disclaimer applies. This paper uses the strategic asset allocation model developed by Campbell et al. (1999) to examine the tradeoffs between defined benefit and defined contribution pension plans, extending results by Bodie et al. (1988). The effects of varying risk aversion, varying initial income and financial wealth and varying wage processes (that may be correlated with returns on the risky asset) are examined. 4 th Annual Retirement Research Consortium Washington, DC May 2002 i-1D. McCarthy Defined Benefit Pension Plans: A Stochastic Dynamic Programming Approach 1.

Topic: Hermeneutics and Narrative Identity
Subfield: Philosophy
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Neurologic Manifestations of Acid–Base Derangements, Electrolyte Disorders, and Endocrine Crises

Critically ill patients, by nature of their illness, display a gamut of homeostatic imbalances. What the ultimate clinical response will be in any given patient with any degree of acute metabolic abnormality is difficult to predict. These aberrations are not always consequential, but simultaneously mounting physiologic disturbances may emerge. Thus, the clinical spectrum associated with acute metabolic or endocrine derangements could range from transient and subtle neurologic manifestations to irreversible damage to the central nervous system (CNS). Several electrolyte and acid–base abnormalities are encountered so regularly in the intensive care unit (ICU) that they deserve a discussion in a separate chapter. The most representative clinical neurologic manifestations are selected to guide clinicians in their differential diagnosis, and additionally there is an attempt to clarify the extent of the derangement on the nervous system.

Topic: Electrolyte and hormonal disorders
Subfield: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
And then there was light in the Ganzfeld: Clarifying the methods, experiences, and modulating factors

A Ganzfeld is a homogeneous, unstructured visual field that is known to induce visual hallucinations. Aside from visual percepts emerging in participants’ awareness, Ganzfeld viewing is characterized by decays of color and brightness. The studies dedicated to this topic from the 20th century have focused on these decays, although they have been reported in a confusing way, with different terms for these decaying experiences. This paper synthesizes the current state of the Ganzfeld literature going back to the 1930s with the purpose of clarifying the terminology of the phenomena that have largely retained their mysterious aspects. We built a Ganzfeld space to study the phenomenology without the restricted feeling of a confined space that translucent Ganzfeld goggles cause. Employing a multi-method approach, we combined quantitative and qualitative measures to grasp the number, kind and temporal dynamics of the experienced phenomena as well as their experiential characteristics better. We offer more insight into the different kinds of visual percepts that emerge in participants’ awareness, induced by the Ganzfeld, and we identified three distinct types of decays of color and brightness. We termed these “fade-out”, “black-out” and “blank-out”, and present both the prevalence as well as the qualitative characteristics of these decays. Finally, we shed some light onto the role of eye movements and blinks on the experienced phenomena. All of this is important groundwork to be able to study the dynamics of different Ganzfeld experiences, in relation to different states of consciousness and their neural correlates in future work.

Topic: Hallucinations in medical conditions
Subfield: Cognitive Neuroscience
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences
Karakteristik pasien batu ginjal dengan tatalaksana retrograde intra-renal surgery di Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Sanglah dan Rumah Sakit Surya Husada: initial report tahun 2017-2019

Background: Renal stone is frequent cases that happened in the community. There are a lot of options to treat renal stone; one of them is RIRS. RIRS is an alternative procedure after ESWL and PNL for renal stone.Method: Twenty-seven samples as total sampling of all patients that were done with RIRS in Sanglah Hospital and Surya Husada Hospital from January 2017 until June 2019 retrospectively. Data were collected secondary from Medical Reports of the patients and showed a descriptive study depict how the RIRS patient characteristic in Sanglah Hospital and Surya Husada Hospital. All RIRS patients showed that the RIRS procedure is secondary due to history of ESWL, PNL, URS with insertion of DJ Stent, and or Nephrolithotomy.Results and Conclusion:Characteristic of age in this study was 52,41 years old in mean value, with male and female per cent, respectively 62,96% and 37,04%. Stone size of the study was classified to 4 cluster which are: (1) 37,04% cluster with stone size &lt;1 cm, (2) 33,33% cluster with stone size â‰¥1cm to &lt;2cm, (3) 3,70% cluster with stone size â‰¥2 cm, and (4) 25,93% cluster that with stone size unknown. This study also showed some similarity with two other studies about patient characteristic of RIRS treatment.Â Latar Belakang: Batu ginjal adalah kasus yang sering terjadi di masyarakat. Terdapat banyak pilihan tindakan untuk mengambil batu ginjal salah satunya adalah dengan tindakan RIRS. Tindakan RIRS masih menjadi alternatif tindakan setelah pilihan pertama PNL dan ESWL untuk batu ginjal.Metode: Penelitian ini mengambil 27 sampel pasien dari total sampling seluruh pasien yang dilakukan RIRS di Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat (RSUP) Sanglah dan Rumah Sakit (RS) Surya Husada selama Januari 2017 hingga Juni 2019 secara retrospektif. Data didapatkan dari data sekunder rekam medis pasien. Penelitian disajikan secara deskriptif memberikan gambaran karakteristik pasien yang mendapatkan tindakan RIRS. Seluruh pasien yang dilakukan RIRS di RSUP Sanglah dan RS Surya Husada merupakan pasien dengan mendapat RIRS Sekunder setelah sebelumnya memiliki riwayat pernah ESWL, PNL, URS dengan pemasangan DJ-stent, dan atau nefrolitotomi.Hasil dan Simpulan: Karakteristik usia rata-rata pada penelitian ini adalah 52,41 tahun dengan perbandingan persentase laki-laki perempuan berturut-turut 62,96% dan 37,04%. Ukuran batu pada penelitian dikelompokkan menjadi 4 kelompok dengan masing-masing kelompok: (1) 37,04% kelompok dengan ukuran batu &lt;1 cm, (2) 33,33% kelompok dengan ukuran batu â‰¥1cm s/d &lt;2cm, (3) 3,70% kelompok dengan ukuran batu â‰¥2 cm, (4) 25,93% kelompok yang ukuran batunya tidak tercantum.

Topic: Legal and Policy Analysis in Indonesia
Subfield: Law
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
[Laparocentesis in emergency abdominal surgery].

The results of 180 diagnostic punctures of the abdomen after the A. N. Berkutov technic are reported (120--for abdominal trauma and 60-- for acute diseases). Indications to laparocentesis in urgent surgery of the abdomen are presented.

Topic: Cardiac, Anesthesia and Surgical Outcomes
Subfield: Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Effect of Prednisolone on Anaemia Associated with Macroglobulinaemia

=BR.f any stress or strain which he is undergoing, informing him of the importance of the annual vacation, of leaving his work and worries in the office, of hobbies and outside interests, and, finally, of relaxation. ConclusionThe employee is one of the most valuable assets in any company, and of the employees the management group or executives are particularly valuable because of their training, motivation, and high degree of technical and administrative skill.A health maintenance scheme for the executive is an essential part of any industrial medical programme.Its main object is the detection of disease in its incipiency in order that corrective action may be taken so as to maintain him in good health and increase his longevity and efficiency.

Topic: Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Research
Subfield: Genetics
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences