jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
STAT1-mediated inhibition of FOXM1 enhances gemcitabine sensitivity in pancreatic cancer

Abstract Forkhead box protein M1 (FOXM1) was identified as an oncogenic transcription factor and master regulator of tumor progression and metastasis. FOXM1 expression often correlates with poor prognosis and chemotherapy resistance. In the present study, we investigated the association of FOXM1 expression and chemoresistance in pancreatic cancer. Elevated FOXM1 protein levels were associated with gemcitabine chemoresistance in patients with pancreatic cancer. In gemcitabine resistance cell line models of pancreatic cancer, FOXM1 expression increased, which induced gemcitabine chemoresistance in vitro. In pancreatic cancer cells treated with gemcitabine, FOXM1 affected nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) signaling activity. Immunohistochemical analysis demonstrated a negative association of FOXM1 expression and the level of phosphorylated signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (pSTAT1) in human pancreatic cancer tissues. Dual-luciferase reporter assays and chromatin-immunoprecipitation assays demonstrated that pSTAT1 directly binds to the FOXM1 promoter to down-regulate its transcription. Interferon γ (IFNγ) promoted gemcitabine-induced cell apoptosis and inhibited cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo by FOXM1 inhibition. These data suggested that FOXM1 enhances chemoresistance to gemcitabine in pancreatic cancer. IFNγ could be used to down-regulate the expression of FOXM1 through STAT1 phosphorylation, thereby increasing the sensitivity of pancreatic cancer cells to gemcitabine. These studies suggested the sensitization by IFNγ in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) chemotherapy, which requires further clinical studies.

Topic: FOXO transcription factor regulation
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Frontispiece: The “Pull Effect” of a Hanging Zn<sup>II</sup> on Improving the Four‐Electron Oxygen Reduction Selectivity with Co Porphyrin

Electrocatalysis. A four-electron oxygen reduction reaction electrocatalyst is reported by Haiping Lin, Rui Cao et al. in their Communication (e202409793). Spectroscopic and theoretical studies suggest that the ZnII ion can assist the binding of O2 at the CoII porphyrin site and promote O–O bond cleavage.

Topic: Electrocatalysts for Energy Conversion
Subfield: Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment
Field: Energy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Research of the Social Function on Ethical Moral of Buddhism

The ethical moral of Buddhism guides people to the moral action which is used to deal with something and the moral relation in practice.The ethical moral of Buddhism include five dots.These root in many ideas.The ethical moral of Buddhism has the especial social functions.

Topic: Educational Reforms and Innovations
Subfield: Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Uterine Responsiveness to Estrogen in 4-Day Cycling and in Estrogen-Primed Ovariectomized Rats as Assessed by Uptake and Incorporation of [<sup>3</sup>H] Leucine<sup>1</sup>

The degree of uterine responsiveness to exogenous estrogen was studied in 4-day cycling rats and in ovariectomized, estrogen-primed rats. Uterine tissue collected at different stages was incubated in medium-199 containing [3H]leucine at 37 C under 95% oxygen and 5% carbon dioxide for 2 hr. Tissue uptake and protein incorporation of the radioactivity were measured to assess uterine activity. In cycling rats, the uterus was able to respond to 1.0 µg of 17β-estradiol by increases in both uptake and incorporation of [3H] leucine during estrus, metestrus and in the morning of diestrus but not during proestrus nor in the afternoon of diestrus. In ovariectomized rats, estrogen priming (1.0 µg) seemed to cause an immediate loss in uterine sensitivity to further hormonal stimulation. Subsequently, the estrogen-primed uterus gradually regained its estrogen responsiveness and eventually reached a degree even higher than that of unprimed uterus. The data suggest that the ability of the uterus to respond to exogenous estrogen appears to correlate with the level of available estrogen receptor in the tissue. (Endocrinology95: 1754, 1974)

Topic: Estrogen and related hormone effects
Subfield: Genetics
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Developing a Spanish for Health Professions Course: A Preliminary Mixed-Methods Study

The mixed-methods pilot study described in this article traces the development of a Spanish for Specific Purposes: Health Professions course that was designed to help future health care professionals develop their linguistic proficiency and intercultural abilities. The study included nursing, medical, and dental students and was conducted at a large public university in an area of the southeastern United States that has experienced an increase in the Spanish-speaking Limited English Proficiency (LEP) population. The purpose of the study was to explore students' perceptions of the course and its curricular design, as well as to investigate students' perceptions with respect to a series of motivation constructs. The findings indicated that Language for Specific Purposes courses focused on health professions can have a positive impact on students' perceptions, while preparing language-concordant providers to more effectively and sensitively meet the needs of LEP patients. Benefits were related to the context-specific nature of the course and tasks, while challenges included curricular constraints and schedule conflicts.

Topic: Interpreting and Communication in Healthcare
Subfield: General Health Professions
Field: Health Professions
Domain: Health Sciences
Presowing seed treatment with glycine betaine confers NaCl tolerance in quinoa by modulating some physiological processes and antioxidant machinery

Soil salinity threatens the yield and food security worldwide and use of halophytes might be a valid option to cope with devastating salinity effects. The present investigation was accomplished to evaluate the role of glycine betaine (GB) as presowing seed treatment on growth parameters, photosynthetic pigments, gas exchange attributes, enzymatic antioxidants, lipid peroxidation (MDA), hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ), endogenous GB, total soluble proteins (TSP), and yield in quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa) under saline conditions. Ames-13737 (Q7) and PI-634919 (Q9) quinoa accessions were used for this trial. The plants were applied with two salt stress treatments (Control and 450 mM NaCl) after 45 days of sowing. Presowing seed treatments with GB (water, 10 and 20 mM) were given for 12 h. Each treatment replicated four times through completely randomized design. Imposition of salinity triggered a major decrease in growth, photosynthetic pigments, net CO2 assimilation rate (A), transpiration rate (E), and stomatal conductance (gs ), while the level of lipid peroxidation and activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) were enhanced. Slight increment in total soluble proteins was observed along with higher endogenous GB in quinoa under salinity. Both levels of GB increased the shoot length, shoot fresh, and dry weights in accession PI-634919 under saline regime. Photosynthetic attributes, E and gs were increased when 20 mM of GB was applied under saline conditions. Activities of antioxidant enzymes, TSP, endogenous glycine betaine and yield parameters were also increased when GB was applied. Presowing treatment with GB in quinoa plants prominently decreased the MDA and H2 O2 concentration. The concentration of 10 mM GB enhanced the panicle length while 20 mM GB showed same results for 1000 seed weight and TSP under saline conditions. Overall, quinoa accession Ames-13737 was better as compared to PI-634919 in terms of growth rate, photosynthetic properties, gas exchange parameters, enzymatic antioxidants, and yield.

Topic: Seed and Plant Biochemistry
Subfield: Food Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
The Road to Farndon Field: Explaining the Massacre of the Royalist Women at Naseby

In June 1645 Parliament's New Model Army, under the command of Sir Thomas Fairfax, shattered King Charles I's main field army at the Battle of Naseby. It was a famous victory for the Parliamentarians, a victory which effectively decided the outcome of the English Civil War, but, as one historian has rightly observed, the lustre of the Parliamentarian triumph was tarnished by ‘an indelible blot’. In the wake of the battle, the Roundhead cavalry launched a savage attack on the female camp-followers of the Royalist army: killing over a hundred of them and mutilating many more. The present article puts this notorious episode under the microscope and places the Naseby massacre within its wider historical context. The article begins by considering the chief theories which have been put forward by previous historians to explain the massacre. It then goes on to advance some new theories of its own, concentrating, in particular, on the way that Parliamentarian pamphleteers had helped to pave the way for the atrocity over the preceding years by portraying the king's camp-followers as a mob of murderous, knife-wielding ‘Irish and Welsh-women’. The article concludes by arguing that - while the massacre was primarily explicable in terms of xenophobia, anti-popery and a thirst for revenge for previous massacres which had allegedly been committed by ‘Celtic’ women against the English – fear of witchcraft may also have played its part in hardening the Parliamentarian soldiers’ hearts against the fleeing Royalist women whom they killed and maimed on that bloody June day. &lt;br/&gt;

Topic: Historical Studies of British Isles
Subfield: History
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Corporate Social and Environmental Responsibility Reporting Practices from an Emerging Mobile Telecommunications Market

This study examines corporate social responsibility reporting practices in the rapidly growing mobile telecommunications industry in Bangladesh. This industry sector is one of the fastest growing in the world making it an attractive global investment. Using content analysis we reviewed and analysed the annual reports of four major mobile companies between 2008 and 2011. The findings reveal that mobile telecommunications companies in Bangladesh disclose social and environmental responsibility information across a range of categories. We find that these mobile companies provide significant benefits to education and health in Bangladesh and that their focus on community and development disclosures are motivated in part by seeking to maintain legitimacy in an extremely competitive industry.

Topic: Corporate Social Responsibility Reporting
Subfield: Strategy and Management
Field: Business, Management and Accounting
Domain: Social Sciences
Improved Timing Attacks against the Secret Permutation in the McEliece PKC

In this paper, we detail two side-channel attacks against the McEliece public-key cryptosystem. They are exploiting timing differences on the Patterson decoding algorithm in order to reveal one part of the secret key: the support permutation. The first one is improving two existing timing attacks and uses the correlation between two different steps of the decoding algorithm. This improvement can be deployed on all error-vectors with Hamming weight smaller than a quarter of the minimum distance of the code. The second attack targets the evaluation of the error locator polynomial and succeeds on several different decoding algorithms. We also give an appropriate countermeasure.

Topic: Coding theory and cryptography
Subfield: Artificial Intelligence
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Inhibition of pyruvate oxidation by skeletal muscle mitochondria by phenylpyruvate.

1. Phenylpyruvate inhibits pyruvate plus malate oxidation in human and rat skeletal muscle mitochondria in state 3 and in the uncoupled state, it has, however, no effect in state 4. 2. Inhibition by phenylpyruvate of pyruvate oxidation by intact uncoupled rat muscle mitochondria was competitive, with the Ki value about 0.18 mM. 3. It is suggested that the inhibition of pyruvate oxidation is due to the action of phenylpyruvate on muscle pyruvate dehydrogenase, and is the principal cause of the elevated concentration of pyruvate and lactate in blood plasma of phenylketonuric patients.

Topic: Metabolism and Genetic Disorders
Subfield: Clinical Biochemistry
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Blunt Abdominal Trauma Leading to an Incidental Finding of Duplicate Inferior Vena Cava (DIVC): A Case Report and Literature Review

BACKGROUND With a prevalence of about 2% to 3%, duplication is the most common anomaly associated with the inferior vena cava (IVC). In general, systemic venous anomalies are being more frequently diagnosed in asymptomatic patients. We report the case of a young man with an incidental finding of an asymptomatic duplicated IVC, along with a literature review. CASE REPORT A 36-year-old man was brought to our Emergency Department (ED) following a high-speed motor vehicle collision (MVC), reporting right flank and hip pain. Upon examination, the "seatbelt sign" was noticed, along with abrasions over his right side. He sustained a small-bowel mesenteric injury, for which he was admitted and was treated conservatively. A CT scan incidentally revealed a duplicate IVC (DIVC). He later underwent a laparotomy with limited right hemi-colectomy and was discharged home in good condition. CONCLUSIONS Undiscovered and asymptomatic DIVCs pose a potential risk to patients during clinical interventions. Advancements in diagnostic imaging contribute greatly to the incidental discoveries of inferior vena cava duplication.

Topic: Vascular anomalies and interventions
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Effects of ketamine on the fetal transcriptomic response to umbilical cord occlusion: comparison with hypoxic hypoxia in the cerebral cortex

Key points The cerebral response to fetal asphyxia is characterized by an upregulation of nucleic acid and chromatin modification processes, as well as a downregulation of metabolic processes at 1 h post‐umbilical cord occlusion (UCO). Twenty‐four hours post UCO, there was an upregulation of metabolic processes and protein modifications. UCO did not alter bacterial gene expression levels, nor did it produce a robust inflammatory response compared to maternal hypoxia. The administration of ketamine produced minimal effects on the fetal response to UCO in the cerebral cortex. Abstract Umbilical cord occlusion (UCO) is known to cause neurological disorders in the neonate. Previously, we have reported that hypoxic hypoxia (HH) stimulates the appearance of bacteria in the fetal brain and upregulates the expression of inflammatory markers in fetal cerebral cortex (CTX) and also that ketamine attenuates these responses. In the present study, we aimed to test the hypothesis that UCO, similar to HH, produces an inflammatory response in the fetal CTX and also that treatment with ketamine reduces these effects. In chronically instrumented fetal sheep (∼125 days), 30 min of partial UCO decreased fetal levels by ∼50%. Half of the fetuses received ketamine (3 mg kg –1 ) 10 min prior to UCO ( n = 4 per group). Fetal brains were collected 1 and 24 h after the experiment and mRNA was extracted and hybridized for microarray analyses. Differentially‐expressed genes were analysed for significant association with gene ontologies and pathways. After 1 h, UCO upregulated nucleic acid processing and chromatin modification and downregulated metabolic processes compared to control. After 24 h, UCO upregulated metabolic and protein modification processes. Ketamine produced minimal effects. UCO did not alter the abundance of bacterial DNA in fetal brain, nor did it upregulate inflammation pathways compared to HH. We conclude that UCO produced time‐dependent responses that did not include bacterial invasion or upregulation of inflammation pathways in fetal CTX. This contrasts with the response to HH, which resulted in the appearance of bacteria in the CTX and upregulated inflammation pathways. These responses in fetal CTX to oxygen deprivation are therefore modified by the maternal or placental response to the stimulus.

Topic: Neonatal and fetal brain pathology
Subfield: Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Study on the effect of biofertilizers in combination with inorganic nutrients on yield and economics of purple cauliflower (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis) grown in polyhouse under the Gwalior region

A field experiment was conducted during Rabi season 2023-2024 to study on the effect of biofertilizers in combination with inorganic nutrients on yield and economics of purple cauliflower (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis) at the Vegetable Research Farm (CRC-3), Under the poly house, School of Agriculture, Department of Horticulture, ITM University, Gwalior, (MP) with three replications and eleven treatments. The treatments included the application of the recommended dose of fertilizers (RDF) along with various organic manures such as farmyard manure (FYM), vermicompost (VM) and azotobacter. Throughout the experiment, growth and yield attributes were measured, with the highest values for plant height recorded in treatment T11 (75% RDF + 20% Vermicompost + Azotobacter), diameter of curd was recorded in treatment T11 (75% RDF + 20% Vermicompost + Azotobacter) and yield recorded in treatment T6 (75% RDF + 10% FYM +15% Vermicompost) and T8 (75% RDF + 25% Vermicompost + Azotobacter). The results indicate that the integrated application of organic inputs and a 50% reduction in chemical fertilizers are the most effective strategies for maintaining crop productivity and improving soil health. Economic studies on treatment applications are crucial for farmers, as they prioritize monetary returns and profitability when choosing crop recommendations and adopting specific agricultural practices. Therefore, assessing the economic viability of various treatments is essential to determine the best approach. Desired traits include higher gross returns, lower cultivation costs, and favourable benefit-cost ratios (B). In this study, the economics of different treatments for cauliflower cultivation were evaluated based on the cost of cultivation (₹ per hectare), gross returns (₹ per hectare), net returns (₹ per hectare), and benefit-cost ratio.

Topic: Agricultural Science and Fertilization
Subfield: Soil Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Revolutionizing Agriculture: Synergistic Antifungal Activity of Medicinal Plant Extracts against soil-borne phytopathogenic fungi

<title>Abstract</title> A study was conducted to assess the effectiveness of various natural plant extracts on soil fungi, particularly targeting phytopathogenic and mycotoxigenic species <italic>Alternaria alternata, Fusarium oxysporum, Rhizoctonia solani, Cladosporium cladosporioides, Penicillium citrinum, Curvularia lunata, Fusarium metavorans, Fusarium solani</italic> and <italic>Aspergillus aflatoxiformans</italic>, were used in the present study. In vitro studies were carried out to evaluate the antifungal activity of three plant extracts performed both in aqueous and methanolic solutions. The findings indicated that the plant extracts exhibited robust antifungal activity, resulting in significant inhibition of mycelial growth across all tested fungi compared to the control. The extracts from <italic>Phytolacca acinosa</italic> and <italic>Atropa acuminata</italic> demonstrated the highest effectiveness in inhibiting the mycelial growth of the tested fungi, whereas <italic>Salix alba</italic>exhibited comparatively lower efficacy. The findings of this study validate the potential of plant extracts as natural fungicides for controlling pathogenic fungi, there by reducing dependence on synthetic fungicides. However, the extracts from <italic>Phytolacca acinosa</italic> and <italic>Atropa acuminata</italic>, identified as the most efficient, hold promise as potential agents for controlling these pathogenic fungi.

Topic: Essential Oils and Antimicrobial Activity
Subfield: Food Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Supplementary Figure 3 from Novel Steroid Receptor Phyto-Modulator Compound A Inhibits Growth and Survival of Prostate Cancer Cells

Supplementary Figure 3 from Novel Steroid Receptor Phyto-Modulator Compound A Inhibits Growth and Survival of Prostate Cancer Cells

Topic: Toxin Mechanisms and Immunotoxins
Subfield: Immunology
Field: Immunology and Microbiology
Domain: Life Sciences
Production of intestinal and other tumors by 1, 2-dimethylhydrazine dihydrochloride in mice. I. A light and transmission electron microscopic study of colonic neoplasms.

Single or ten weekly subcutaneous injection(s) of 1, 2-dimethylhydrazine dihydrochloride were administered separately to Swiss mice. The repeated application gave rise mainly to high incidences of tumors in the large intestine. These neoplasms occurred most frequently in the colorectal area and in cecum adjacent to ileum. Light microscopically, these lesions were classified as polypoid adenomas and adenocarcinomas. Most of the adenocarcinomas were highly invasive, although they metastasized rarely. The fine structure of the malignant cells exhibited features typical of columnar absorptive cells. A distinctive alteration was the disorderly arrangement and abnormal size and shape of the microvilli. In addition, the cells exhibited numerous free ribosomes, little RER, priminent Golgi bodies, and uniformly dispersed nuclear chromatin. Morphologically, the intestinal tumors were similar to those found in man. In addition, the repeated administration of 1, 2-DMH also induced significant incidences of neoplasms in blood vessels, lungs, anus, and kidneys while the single application produced tumors in blood vessels and liver. The main hypotheses attempting to explain the selective induction of large intestinal neoplasms are discussed.

Topic: Caveolin-1 and cellular processes
Subfield: Cell Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Ciprofloxacin Treatment Eliminates Mycoplasma in Contaminated Channel Catfish Ovary Cells

A temperature-sensitive mycoplasma that was present in the channel catfish ovary (CCO) cell line and in a thymidine kinase-negative mutant of this cell line (CCOBr) was effectively eliminated from the cultures by adding ciprofloxacin, a 4-fluoroquinolone, to the culture medium. Both cell lines have remained mycoplasma free after 3 years of continuous culture. A commercially available genetic probe to mycoplasma ribosomal RNA was used to monitor mycoplasma contamination and evaluate the effectiveness of the treatment. © by the American Fisheries Society 1994.

Topic: Microbial infections and disease research
Subfield: Microbiology
Field: Immunology and Microbiology
Domain: Life Sciences
Study of Adsorption of Cu&lt;sup&gt;2+&lt;/sup&gt; and Ni&lt;sup&gt;2+&lt;/sup&gt; from Aqueous Solutions Using β-Cyclodextrin Modified Zeolites

Adsorption of Cu2+ and Ni2+ from aqueous solution on CCDMZ was investigated. The adsorption capacity of Cu2+ and Ni2+ on CCDMZ was found to have a much higher enhance than that of NZ and to be obviously influenced by contact time, initial concentration and pH. The kinetic studies showed that the adsorption processes of Cu2+ and Ni2+ on CCDMZ were complex, including chemical adsorption and physical adsorption. The adsorption followed the pseudo-second-order model, which suggested that the rate-limiting step might be mainly chemisorption.

Topic: Extraction and Separation Processes
Subfield: Mechanical Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences