jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
294. Adenoviral-TRAIL and a Smac34-8K Fusion Peptide Act Synergistically to Induce Apoptosis in Low CAR-Expressing Human Glioma Cells

Gliomas, the most common type of brain tumor, remain refractory to conventional treatment. One potential therapy involves the use of adenoviral vectors (Ad) to deliver Apo2L/tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis inducing ligand (TRAIL), a protein shown to specifically induce apoptosis in cancer cells. However, gliomas exhibit resistance to infection by adenovirus. Indeed, the three glioma cell lines investigated, U-118MG, CCF-SSTG1 and U-138MG lacked surface expression of the adenovirus receptor, coxsackie-adenovirus receptor (CAR). Deceased CAR expression correlated with diminished adenovirus entry into these cells. Recent evidence has demonstrated that peptides containing protein transduction domains (PTDs) enhance adenovirus infectivity. Thus, Ad.EGFP was incubated with a panel of PTDs prior to infection of glioma cells. Measurement of the mean fluorescent intensity and the percent EGFP positive cells revealed that the PTDs promoted viral entry, but in a cell-type dependent manner. A protein transduction peptide comprised of 8 lysines (8K) proved the most effective for enhancing adenoviral infection. However, infection of CCF-SSTG1 cells with adenovirus encoding soluble, trimerized TRAIL (Ad.stTRAIL) pre-incubated with 8K did not greatly induce apoptosis. In an attempt to circumvent resistance to TRAIL, Ad.stTRAIL was pre-incubated with a fusion peptide containing 8K and first 34 amino acids of Smac (Smac34-8K). This region of Smac has been demonstrated to enhance TRAIL-mediated apoptosis by interacting with anti-apoptotic proteins. Smac34-8K significantly enhanced Ad.stTRAIL-induced apoptosis in CCF-SSTG1 cells, likely by increasing both virus infectivity and TRAIL action. These results demonstrate that the combination of pro-apoptotic cell permeable peptides with adenovirus expressing therapeutic proteins may be an effective strategy in the fight against cancer.

Topic: Virus-based gene therapy research
Subfield: Genetics
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Stochastic Markov Model Approach for Efficient Virtual Machines Scheduling on Private Cloud

Cloud computing is deployed a large set of virtualized computing resources in different infrastructures and various development platforms.One of the significant issues in cloud computing system is the scheduling and allocation of virtual resources and virtual machines (VMs).To address this issue, this paper proposed an efficient approach for virtual machines scheduling in cloud infrastructure resource management and allocation also called EVMSA (Efficient Virtual Machines Scheduling Algorithm) that provides the effective and efficient resource allocation.To analyze the performance of this scheduling and allocation on cloud infrastructure, an analytical performance model approach using Stochastic Markov model is proposed to measure the scalability and tractability for infrastructure resource of private cloud.This model intends to analyze an academic-oriented private cloud system which is implemented using Eucalyptus open source system.According to performance evaluation, the effective mean response time of the system to improve the performance of IaaS services in the system.

Topic: Cloud Computing and Resource Management
Subfield: Information Systems
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Research of automotive network FlexRay/CAN gateway based on DSP

In order to achieve data communications between FlexRay and CAN vehicle networking bus with different protocol and different rates, a simple FlexRay/CAN gateway was designed in this paper. DSP was a core processor and connected with FlexRay and CAN network nodes to achieve the network physical layer. Protocol software was designed on the basis of analysis of the two protocols and Network protocol conversion was implemented. Resource is shared on the FlexRay bus and CAN bus through the bridging of gateway.

Topic: Bluetooth and Wireless Communication Technologies
Subfield: Computer Networks and Communications
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Typical best vitelliform dystrophy secondary to biallelic variants in BEST1

Individuals with biallelic variants in <i>BEST1</i> can present with a phenotype indistinguishable from BVMD. The same clinical phenotype may not be evident in those harboring the same variants in the heterozygous state. This has implications for genetic counselling and prognosticationA.

Topic: Retinal Development and Disorders
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
5-demethylubiquinone-9-methyltransferase from rat liver mitochondria. Characterization, localization, and solubilization.

The methyltransferase responsible for the conversion of 5-demethylubiquinone-9 to ubiquinone-9 in rat liver mitochondria has been shown to be localized in the inner membrane of rat liver mitochondria. NADH was required to generate the hydroquinone, which was the immediate substrate for methylation. The Km for 5-demethylubiquinone-9 was estimated to be in the range of 60 to 80 nM and the Km for S-adenosylmethionine was found to be 22 micronM. The methyl-transferase was solubilized by Triton X-100, a procedure which inactivated the 5-demethylubiquinone-9 reductase. Dithionite was found to partially substitute for NADH in both membranous and soluble systems. Inhibitors of catechol-O-methyltransferase were not effective inhibitors of 5-demethylubiquinone-9-methyltransferase. In addition, catechol-O-methyltransferase and 5-demethylubiquinone-9-methyltransferase were found to have reciprocal subcellular localizations. It is likely that the hydrophobic side chain of ubiquinone, added to p-hydroxybenzoate in the first biosynthetic step, is required for attachment to the lipid bilayer. This permits subsequent metabolism of the ring system by membrane-bound enzymes, including the final methylation to form ubiquinone-9.

Topic: Pharmacogenetics and Drug Metabolism
Subfield: Pharmacology
Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics
Domain: Life Sciences
A new species of Monomorium Mayr, 1855 (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) with a brachypterous queen from southern Japan, and phylogeny of Japanese Monomorium species with diverse reproductive strategies

The genus Monomorium is an important phylogenetic group, notable for its taxonomic complexity and the presence of several well-known tramp species. In this study, we present a description of M. brachypterum sp. nov. from southern Japan along with an updated key to the Japanese species of the genus based on the worker caste. Molecular phylogenetic analysis using 13 protein-coding genes of the mitochondrial genome indicated that this new species is most closely related to M. intrudens . Within their overlapping distributions, analyses based on partial sequences of the mitochondrial COI gene showed that the two species are phylogenetically distinct. The queens of M. brachypterum are distinguished from those of M. intrudens by degenerated wings, suggesting contrasting dispersal strategies between the two sister species. In addition, a phylogenetic analysis performed for the Japanese Monomorium species provides support for the repeated evolution of diverse reproductive systems within this genus. The present study highlights a wide variety of evolutionary trends in the nest-level reproductive system, even among closely related species.

Topic: Insect and Arachnid Ecology and Behavior
Subfield: Genetics
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Pedestal study across a deuterium fuelling scan for high<i>δ</i>ELMy H-mode plasmas on JET with the carbon wall

We present the results from a new fuelling scan database consisting of 14 high triangularity (δ ∼ 0.41), type I ELMy H-mode JET plasmas. As the fuelling level is increased from low, (ΓD ∼ 0.2 × 1022 el s−1, ne,ped/nGW = 0.7), to high dosing (ΓD ∼ 2.6 × 1022 el s−1, ne,ped/nGW = 1.0) the variation in ELM behaviour is consistent with a transition from 'pure type I' to 'mixed type I/II' ELMs (Saibene et al 2002 Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion 44 1769). However, the pulses in this new database are better diagnosed in comparison to previous studies and most notable have pedestal measurements provided by the JET high resolution Thomson scattering (HRTS) system. We continue by presenting, for the first time, the role of pedestal structure, as quantified by a least squares mtanh fit to the HRTS profiles, on the performance across the fuelling scan. A key result is that the pedestal width narrows and peak pressure gradient increases during the ELM cycle for low fuelling plasmas, whereas at high fuelling the pedestal width and peak pressure gradient saturates towards the latter half of the ELM cycle. An ideal MHD stability analysis shows that both low and high fuelling plasmas move from stable to unstable approaching the ideal ballooning limit of the finite peeling–ballooning stability boundary. Comparison to EPED predictions show on average good agreement with experimental measurements for both pedestal height and width however when presented as a function of pedestal density, experiment and model show opposing trends. The measured pre-ELM pressure pedestal height increases by ∼20% whereas EPED predicts a decrease of 25% from low to high fuelling. Similarly the measured pressure pedestal width widens by ∼55%, in poloidal flux space, whereas EPED predicts a decrease of 20% from low to high fuelling. We give two possible explanations for the disagreement. First, it may be that EPED under predicts the critical density, which marks the transition from kink-peeling to ballooning-limited plasmas. Second, the stronger broadening of the experimental pedestal width than predicted by EPED is an indication that other transport related processes contribute to defining the pedestal width such as enhanced inter-ELM transport as observed at high fuelling, for mixed type I/II ELMy pulses.

Topic: Magnetic confinement fusion research
Subfield: Nuclear and High Energy Physics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Three-Axis Flat and Lightweight Force/Torque Sensor for Enhancing Kinesthetic Sensing Capability of Robotic Hand

When using a robot hand to grip objects, visual information is frequently adopted to determine the external characteristics of objects. However, in reality, purely visual data are insufficient to grasp unspecified objects; somatosensory feedback, which includes tactile and kinesthetic feedbacks, is required to understand the diverse intrinsic properties of objects. We implement a three-axis force/torque (F/T) sensor to measure the interaction force at the joints of a robotic hand and determine the various intrinsic characteristics that aid in grasping previously unknown objects. We primarily focus on a modular, compact, and lightweight structure to embed the sensors in the robotic hand. A novel radially symmetric diaphragm flexure structure is designed to achieve this objective. Several experiments are conducted to validate the performance of the F/T sensor. The functionality of the kinesthetic feedback is demonstrated using a stiffness and weight measurement experiment. The experimental findings demonstrate that the proposed sensor-embedded robotic hand can measure stiffness and weight with errors of 0.0073 N/mm and 8.72 g, respectively.

Topic: Advanced Sensor and Energy Harvesting Materials
Subfield: Biomedical Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Analgesics

Pain is one of the commonest presenting symptoms of musculoskeletal disorders and may be one the hardest to treat successfully. The available analgesic options provide different modes of action and their ranks continue to expand with new agents, some with multiple target action. This chapter reviews currently available analgesics (paracetamol and opioids) used for managing musculoskeletal pain and the agents used for neuropathic pain, including their mechanism of action, pharmacokinetics and side effects. The role of neuroleptic agents is reviewed, and a brief outline of some newer therapies for the treatment of pain such as tapentadol, and a potential therapy, anti-nerve growth factor monoclonal antibodies.

Topic: Pain Mechanisms and Treatments
Subfield: Physiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Detection of Antibiotic Resistance and Analysis of Resistance Genes and Virulence Genes of Salmonella Isolated from Human

Salmonella is a food-borne pathogen that can cause zoonoses. The emergence of drug-resistant strains of Salmonella is of great concern. It is necessary to understand the prevalence of antibiotic resistance, antibiotic resistance genes and virulence genes in human Salmonella. In this study, drug susceptibility test was used to detect and analyze the drug resistance of 24 Salmonella strains collected from human. A multi-drug resistant strain QLUF123 was selected for whole genome sequencing, and its drug resistance genes and virulence genes were analyzed. The results showed that 24 Salmonella strains were resistant to the tested antibiotics, 87.50% of the strains had multi-drug resistance, the resistance rate to ceftazidime, sulfamethoxazole and tilmicosin reached more than 80%. The alignment results based on the whole genome sequence showed that there were multiple types of drug-resistant genes in QLUF123, among which efflux pump system genes were the most abundant, including sdiA, mdtK, baeR and other multidrug-resistant efflux pump system genes. QLUF123 carried 46 kinds of virulence factors and 249 related virulence genes, among which the three functions of secretory system, adhesion and motility accounted for the most virulence genes, accounting for 93.57%. In this study, antibiotic resistance of human Salmonella was detected by drug sensitivity test, and drug resistance and virulence genes in Salmonella were analyzed by whole genome sequencing technology, which is of great significance for scientific treatment and rational drug use of related diseases caused by Salmonella infection.

Topic: Salmonella and Campylobacter epidemiology
Subfield: Food Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Treatment of the cervical lymph nodes and significance of sentinel lymph nodes in early stage oral cancer

我々の施設で臨床的に転移を認めない早期口腔癌40症例について原発巣の切除のみを行い頸部は経過観察を行った。後発転移が22.5％で発生していた。 一部の施設ではラジオアイソトープを用いたセンチネルリンパ節（SN）同定法・生検法が導入されている。頭頸部癌におけるSN生検術は欧米では既に標準治療として位置付けられている。我が国ではようやく頭頸部癌診療ガイドライン2018年版で記載されるに留まっている。 我々は，1）超音波造影剤ソナゾイドを用いたSN同定法，と，2）超音波の新技術Superb Microvascular Imagingによる微小血流評価によるSN転移判定法を考案し，第I相試験を実施している。この一連の方法が確立すれば，超音波機器さえあれば「SNの同定」から「SNにおける転移の有無の判定」まで，一般の外来で安全・確実にしかも安価で頸部郭清術の適応の有無を決めることが可能となる。

Topic: Head and Neck Cancer Studies
Subfield: Otorhinolaryngology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Seizures in Organ Transplant Recipients

Seizures are a nonspecific neurological manifestation of cerebral dysfunction and are not indicative of any particular disease processes or pathology. Thus, the evaluation and treatment of seizures in transplant patients generally follows the same clinical approach used for other patients. A seizure in a transplant patient is commonly unanticipated and entirely unexplained. The effects can be substantial, with aspiration, loss of vascular catheters, and tissue trauma. Patients undergoing organ transplantation are at risk for seizures for multiple reasons, and although much of the neurological and transplantation literature reports on the incidence of seizures according to the particular organ transplanted (Table 1), there are many similarities (e.g., immunosuppression drugs). This chapter concentrates on organ transplantation as a whole.

Topic: Epilepsy research and treatment
Subfield: Psychiatry and Mental health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Milano, Expo 2015: problemi irrisolti e potenzialitŕ di sviluppo

The global crisis is highlighting the limitations of the relationships, not to be taken for granted, between major events and urban and regional development. The difficulties so far encountered in these relationships in Milan in the run up to the 2015 Expo are quite significant. Analyses of the progress of the projects and the acquisition of opinions from leading protagonists of local institutions provide an update on the strengths and weaknesses of this major Milan event, drawn for previous editions of the Forum. At the same time they identify some of the potential for the renewal of traditional urban development models in major events, seen in terms of their regional metropolitan dimension.

Topic: Diverse academic and cultural studies
Subfield: Economics and Econometrics
Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance
Domain: Social Sciences
<b>Data for </b><b>comparison of bacteria isolated from periodontal pockets of participants with or without diabetes mellitus in Uganda: A Case control study.</b>

This was data from a case control study to compare bacteria isolated from periodontal pockets of patients with and without diabetes mellitus. A total of 45 samples of gingival crevicular fluid were collected, DNA extracted, and sequencing carried out to determine the alpha and beta diversity. The PDF file is the Output, the rest of the files are R command files and related data to reproduce the output of the PDF file.

Topic: Oral microbiology and periodontitis research
Subfield: Periodontics
Field: Dentistry
Domain: Health Sciences
Quality Characteristics of Black Raspberry Wine added with wild grape by Yeast Strains and Fermentation Conditions

본 연구의 목적은 효모균주와 발효조건 등을 달리하여 머루를 첨가하여 복분자 와인의 품질을 향상시키는데 있다. 효모별 복분자 와인 술덧 품질에 미치는 영향 연구에서는 Y1(Lalvin 71B)효모가 젖산, 퓨젤유 성분을 발효후에 타 효모에 비해 유의적으로 높게 생성하였으며, 술덧의 산도를 낮추고 복분자 와인의 아로마를 강화하는데 효과가 있는 것으로 분석되었다. 또한 발효온도가 복분자 와인 술덧에 미치는 영향 연구에서는 고온발효(<TEX>$25^{\circ}C$</TEX>)에서 Y1 효모를 이용하여 발효한 술덧에서 낮은 온도(<TEX>$15^{\circ}C$</TEX>)에서 발효한 술덧에서보다 아로마 성분(에틸 아세테이트 및 고급알코올)이 유의적으로 높게 생성되었다. 본 연구를 통해 머루를 첨가한 복분자 와인제조시 Y1 효모를 이용하고 고온에서 발효하는 것이 복분자 와인의 맛과 아로마를 강화하는데 효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다. The objective of this study was to improve the quality of black raspberry wine added with wild grape, based on selection of yeast strains and fermentation conditions. The Y1 yeast(Lalvin 71B) indicated significantly higher lactic acid, ester, fusel oil content after fermented mashing than other samples tested and had an effect on the reduction of acidity and enhanced aroma of black raspberry wine. In addition, the high fermentation temperature(<TEX>$25^{\circ}C$</TEX>) using Y1 yeast showed much higher tendency to retain components of aroma (ethyl acetate, higher alcohols) and the highest overall preference including sensory evaluation than that of low fermentation temperture(<TEX>$15^{\circ}C$</TEX>). Thus, the fermentation using Y1 yeast at <TEX>$25^{\circ}C$</TEX> can be applied to positively improve the taste and flavor of production of black raspberry wine added wild grape.

Topic: Food Quality and Safety Studies
Subfield: Food Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Supplementary Figure S7 from Metastatic Progression of Prostate Cancer Is Mediated by Autonomous Binding of Galectin-4-&lt;i&gt;O&lt;/i&gt;-Glycan to Cancer Cells

&lt;p&gt;The expression of inherent RTKs ligands and galectins in PCa.&lt;/p&gt;

Topic: Galectins and Cancer Biology
Subfield: Immunology
Field: Immunology and Microbiology
Domain: Life Sciences
Transcriptome engineering for improved industrial phenotypes in cyanobacteria

Industrial production of biofuels using microorganisms is facing many challenges. Among these low stress toerlance, low growth rate and low productivity are found. To address these problems transcriptome engineering is a method of increasing interest. In this study transcriptome engineering was employed to find ways to create industrial strains of the cyanobacteria Synechocystis sp. PCC6803 and Synechococcus elongatus PCC7942. Transcription factors know to be involved in stress response or in carbon fixating regulatory mechanisms in Synechocystis sp. PCC6803 were overexpressed, deleted or mutated to evaluate their effect of improving solvent tolerance in particular, but also tolerance to high temperature and oxidative stress, or of improving the growth rate and partitioning carbon fluxes towards biofuels. A 2-3 fold increase in heat tolerance of strains overexpressing Hik34 or SigB and a Hik34 knock out strain was found, a library of Ycf30 of 10 000 members with 4-7 mutations per gene was created, cultivation conditions facilitating growth of large number of cultures were established and methods for assessing butanol tolerance was determined.

Topic: Algal biology and biofuel production
Subfield: Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment
Field: Energy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Allegory and Naturalism in Ingmar Bergman’s Medieval Films

Fanny and Alexander can be seen as a kind of dream play superimposed, as it were, on a realistic drama. That the two do not readily mix is what disturbs and intrigues us about the film, and it suggests an important dichotomy of impulse throughout Bergman’s career, a dichotomy he may be said to have inherited from such Scandinavian precursors as Strindberg himself. At different points in his career, Bergman has followed this impulse in its different directions, toward the allegorical phantasy of Wild Strawberries, for instance, or toward the naturalism of Scenes From a Marriage. The two medieval films, The Seventh Seal and The Virgin Spring, though superficially similar in terms of settings and costumes, represent Bergman’s dichotomy of impulse in a peculiarly clear and apprehensible form.

Topic: Kierkegaardian Philosophy and Influence
Subfield: Philosophy
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Sub-Threshold Characteristics of the 0.2 um Capless InP/In0.52Al0.48As/In0.53Ga0.47As p-HEMTs having a Self-Aligned Gate

Sub-threshold characteristics of a 0.2 /spl mu/m self-aligned gate (SAG) capless InAlAs/InGaAs p-HEMT having a highly strained InAs sub-channel were investigated. The extracted I/sub ON//I/sub OFF/ ratio and sub-threshold slope of the SAG capless HEMT (1.27/spl times/10/sup 4/ and 78 mV/dec) was better than those of the conventional recessed p-HEMT (5.1/spl times/10/sup 3/ and 120 mV/dec), respectively. The capless p-HEMT showed an I/sub ON//I/sub OFF/ ratio twice larger than that of the conventional recessed p-HEMT having a heavily doped InGaAs cap layer. Even without the heavily n-doped InGaAs cap layer, the 0.2 /spl mu/m SAG capless p-HEMT showed the maximum g/sub m/, f/sub T/, and v/sub sat/ (saturation velocity) of 1.12 S/mm, 185 GHz, and 3.3/spl times/10/sup 7/ cm/sec, respectively.

Topic: Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit Design
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences