jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Free-living Ambulatory Activity Classification: A Comparative Analysis of Wrist-worn, Insole-embedded, and Phone-embedded Sensors

Wrist-worn and smartphone-embedded inertial sensors are among the most widely used sensing modalities for activity classification. Insoles instrumented with inertial and force sensors have also become available to researchers and the general public. However, little is known about how classification accuracy is affected by the combination of these three sensing modalities. This study compares the performances of 7 activity classification models, each relying on a combination of 3, 2, or a single sensing modality, under unstructured and free-living conditions. In each model, a genetic algorithm was applied for optimal feature selection, and multi-session leave-one-out cross-validation was used to evaluate model performance. Results for the unstructured condition indicated that the insole-embedded sensors can classify six common ambulatory activities with at least 95% accuracy when used alone or in combination with any of the other sensing modalities. In free-living conditions, sensor combinations that included the insole-embedded sensors demonstrated high levels of agreement with a silver-standard activity tracker. These results provide new insights into the feasibility of using instrumented insoles in combination with phone-embedded or wrist-worn sensors to enhance the accuracy of conventional methods for ambulatory activity classification.

Topic: Context-Aware Activity Recognition Systems
Subfield: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
AFLP mapping of quantitative trait loci influencing seven head-related traits in broccoli (<i>Brassica oleracea</i>var.<i>italica</i>)

SummaryThis study identified amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers linked to head-related traits in broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica) grown in both Winter (W) and Summer (S) in 2008 and in 2009. In total, 227 F2 plants derived from a cross between the heat-tolerant cultivar ‘Shin-Fa 1208’ (SF), and the heat-sensitive cultivar ‘Green Magic’ (GM), were grown in the field. Seven traits including floret height (FH), floret width (FW), head height (HH), head width (HW), head weight (HWT), top weight (TWT), and stem width (SW) were scored. Polymorphic bands were generated by AFLP, and the segregation ratios and distribution of the identified markers over the Brassica genome were compared. Nine linkage groups (LGs), ranging from 75.8 cM to146.5 cM in size, were constructed using 202 informative markers spanning a total of 1,034.5 cM. For the seven traits investigated, 73 quantitative trait loci (QTLs) were dispersed non-randomly in the broccoli genome. Thirty-one unique regions of the genome were detected across the population in Summer trial, and three QTL markers, located on LGs 1, 3, and 5, showed pleiotropic effects on these seven traits. Among these, the QTL linked to the d-64 (S) marker on LG 3 had effects on HH, HWT, and FW, and significant positive correlations existed among these three traits. Thus, the AFLP marker d-64 (S) may have potential for the simultaneous selection of large FW and HH, and increased HWT under high-temperature conditions.

Topic: Plant Gene Expression Analysis
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Perturbative and nonperturbative

We discuss the current picture of the standard Higgs sector at strong coupling and the phenomenological implications for direct searches at the LHC. 1 Invited talk presented by A. Ghinculov at the Theory of LHC Processes meeting, 9–13 February

Topic: Fern and Epiphyte Biology
Subfield: Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
&lt;I&gt;Miconia nordestina&lt;/I&gt; (Melastomataceae), A New Species from Brazil

Abstract Miconia nordestina has been collected 80 times in four Brazilian states (Ceará , Pernambuco, Alagoas, and Bahia) since 1939, but remained undescribed. It shares its glabrescent leaves, lax inflorescences, and small flowers with white stamens with several species of Miconia that are difficult to distinguish from one another. It can be recognized by the decorticant branches covered with sessile-stellate trichomes, opposite leaves with basal nerves, entire margins, and glabrous or glabrescent abaxial surface, panicles without additional lateral branches and without accessory branches at the nodes, 5-merous flowers with regular, well-defined calyx lobes, the calyx tube glabrous inside, rounded to emarginate petals, weakly dimorphic stamens with appendaged connectives, and large and ventral inclined anther pores that are equal to or broader than the anther thecae, glabrous ovary and style. It always occurs in montane habitats between 250 and 1,100 m where it usually grows in riparian forests associated with rocky outcrops and on sandy or clay soil. This new species is described, illustrated, and compared with similar species occurring in Brazil and neighboring countries.

Topic: Plant Diversity and Evolution
Subfield: Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Lymphocyte phosphatase-associated phosphoprotein (LPAP) as CD45 protein stability regulator

Lymphocyte phosphatase-associated phosphoprotein (LPAP) is a protein of unknown function. Its close interaction with CD45 phosphatase suggests that LPAP may potentially regulate CD45, but direct biochemical evidence for this has not yet been obtained. We found that on Jurkat lymphoid cells the levels of LPAP and CD45 proteins are interrelated and well correlated with each other. Knockout of LPAP leads to a decrease, and its overexpression, on the contrary, causes an increase in the surface expression of CD45. No such correlation is found in non-lymphoid K562 cells. In the absence of LPAP, upon activation of Jurkat cells, a decrease in the expression of the activation marker CD69 was observed. This may be due to both direct and indirect effects of LPAP. We have hypothesized that LPAP is a regulator of the expression level of CD45 phosphatase.

Topic: CRISPR and Genetic Engineering
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Chemical and Biochemical Onslaught of Anthropogenic Airborne Species on the Heritage Monument of the Taj Mahal

The science on the anthropogenic airborne aerosols impacting the World Heritage marble monument, the Taj Mahal, at Agra, has been studied in the light of modern physico-chemical approaches. The study is an effort to understand unrecognized airborne species which were found on the surface of the Taj Mahal monument. These species have been analyzed in the light of current analytical methods to impart characterization features and their possible impacts on the surface of the marble. Chemical constituents of these substrates, which were incorporated over the top surface of the monument, have been identified. Interestingly, the carbon particulates which were found on the micro level, popularly called “particulate matters”, have now been identified in the nano domain entity, which is chemically more reactive, and have been found on the surface of the monument. Because of their high chemical activity, these nano carbons have a newer chemistry in the presence of air and sunlight, generating several reactive oxygen species (ROS). These ROS are capable of responding to complicated chemical reactions on the surface of the marble in association with deposited cyanophyceae and other deposits of plant origin, causing rapid degradation. This study provides the nature of the onslaught of such monuments exposed under the prevalent smoggy environmental scenario.

Topic: Conservation Techniques and Studies
Subfield: Conservation
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN RICE RESIDUE BURNING AND INCREASING AIR POLLUTION IN NORTH-WEST INDIA

Abstract. Punjab and Haryana are two major Rice-producing states of India. They generate high amount of rice residue every year and these residues are burnt in the months of October and November to clear the fields for the next sowing, i.e. Wheat. Residue burning in these two states is considered to be a major factor for the pollution conditions persisting in Delhi, the capital of the country, during October and November. In this study, we aim to analyse the role of stubble burning on Pollution. The approach aimed at a) Determination of rice straw contingent to open burning in the states of Punjab and Haryana, b) Determine and quantify the air pollutant emissions from rice residue contingent to open burning and c) Compare them with the air pollution of Delhi. Also, in order to analyse the various reasons for the increasing pollution in Delhi, Aerosol Parameters like Aerosol Optical Depth, Angstrom Exponent and Single Scattering Albedo were also studied along with auxiliary data like Temperature, Wind Directions, Wind Trajectories, MODIS Fire Counts and CPCB Pollution Data. In this study, we found that not only residue burnings of Punjab and Haryana, but also dust storms from far beyond these states influence the pollution levels in Delhi, especially in the case of Particulate Matter less than 10.

Topic: Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols
Subfield: Atmospheric Science
Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences
Domain: Physical Sciences
Impulse sensitivity function analysis of periodic circuits

This paper describes an efficient method to characterize the impulse sensitivity function (ISF) of a periodic circuit via periodic AC (PAC) analysis. The paper extends the application of ISF from oscillators to other periodic circuits including flip-flops, latches, clocked comparators, and regenerative amplifiers, in order to characterize their important characteristics such as set-up and hold times, regeneration gain, metastability probability, and sampling aperture/bandwidth. Recognizing that the generalized ISF is a subset of a time-varying impulse response, the ISF is efficiently computed based on periodic time-varying system analysis techniques. Compared to the previous ISF characterization method based on transient simulations, a speed-up of ~5times is achieved.

Topic: Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit Design
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
How Much Does Irrelevant Speech Impair Employees' Work Performance in Open-Plan Offices?

When people are talking in the background of an open-plan office it can be experienced as disturbing. However, it is not well specified how much irrelevant speech actually disrupts performance. The aims of the present study were, first, to investigate how much cognitive performance is impaired by irrelevant background speech with varying degrees of speech intelligibility, and second, to determine whether some office-related tasks are more susceptible than others. The results showed that cognitive performance decreased as a function of background speech intelligibility, the higher the intelligibility depicted by the Speech Transmission Index (STI), the worse the performance. The results indicated that the STI-value should be less than 0.50 (between the speaker and the listener), to avoid a negative influence on performance. Further, performance was more impaired by background speech if the focal task required episodic memory and rehearsal — such as word memory and information search. Interestingly, some tasks were insensitive for speech. This study also shows that the efforts to minimize speech intelligibility will yield increases in cognitive performance with a varying degree, depending on the type of focal task.

Topic: Facilities and Workplace Management
Subfield: Social Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Regional Drought Assessment Considering Climate Change and Relationship with Agricultural Water in Jeju Island

Recently, the occurrences of droughts have been increased because of global warming and climate change. Water resources that mostly rely on groundwater are particularly vulnerable to the impact of precipitation variation, one of the major elements of climate change, are very sensitive to changes in the seasonal distribution as well as the average annual change in the viewpoint of agricultural activity. In this study, the status of drought for the present and future on Jeju Island which entirely rely on groundwater using SPI and PDSI were analyzed considering regional distribution of crops in terms of land use and fluctuation of water demand. The results showed that the precipitation distribution in Jeju Island is changed in intensity as well as seasonal variation of extreme events and the amount increase of precipitation during the dry season in the spring and fall indicated that agricultural water demand and supply policies would be considered by regional characteristics, especially the western region with largest market garden crops. Regarding the simulated future drought, the drought would be mitigated in the SPI method because of considering total rainfall only excluding intensity variation, while more intensified in the PDSI because it considers the evapotranspiration as well as rainfall as time passed. Moreover, the drought in the northern and western regions is getting worse than in the southern region so that the establishment of regional customized policies for water supply in Jeju Island is needed.

Topic: Agriculture, Soil, Plant Science
Subfield: Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Effects of Foliar Applications of KNO3, ZnSO4 and MgSO4 Chelated with Citric Acid and Plastic Mulching on Gemlik (Olea europaea cv. Gemlik) Olive Cultivar

It was tried to indicate the effects of foliar applications of the nutrients which chelated KNO3, ZnSO4 and MgSO using with citric acid and black plastic mulching on the yield and quality measures of Gemlik olive variety. Foliar nutrition (3 000 and 6 000 ppm) was applied four times per year and the first spraying was made in October, the latter sprayings were applied before onset of flowering (March), during flowering (early June) and during the period of oil accumulation (August) in fruit. After first and last sprayings, 40 to 45 days later measurements were made and leave samples were taken. The morphological (lenght of annual shoots, leaf moisture, fruit quantity per area) and pomological (pulp weight, dry matter and oil percent of fruits) measurements were taken at the same periods. Plastic mulching was applied at the start of irrigation in June. The results showed that foliar sprayings with 6 000 ppm leaded to increase of fruit quantity per area (2,2 kg/m2). On the other hand mulching were effective for pulp weight and dry matter on fruit

Topic: Plant Physiology and Cultivation Studies
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Neuroversion: using electroconvulsive therapy as a bridge to deep brain stimulation implantation

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a movement disorder with significant neuropsychiatric comorbidities. Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is effective in treating these neuropsychiatric symptoms; however, clinicians are reluctant to use ECT in patients with deep brain stimulation (DBS) implantations for fear of damaging the device, as well as potential cognitive side effects. Right unilateral ultra-brief pulse (RUL UBP) ECT has a more favorable cognitive side-effect profile yet has never been reported in PD patients with DBS implants. We present a case series of three patients with a history of PD that all presented with psychiatric decompensation immediately prior to planned DBS surgery. All three patients had DBS electrode(s) in place at the time and an acute course of ECT was utilized in a novel method to "bridge" these individuals to neurosurgery. The patients all experienced symptom resolution (psychosis and/or depression and/or anxiety) without apparent cognitive side effects. This case series not only illustrates that right unilateral ultra-brief pulse can be utilized in patients with DBS electrodes but also illustrates that this intervention can be utilized as a neuromodulatory "bridge", where nonoperative surgical candidates with unstable psychiatric symptoms can be converted to operative candidates in a manner similar to electrical cardioversion.

Topic: Electroconvulsive Therapy Studies
Subfield: Psychiatry and Mental health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
New Records and Accounts Little Fire Ant, Wasmannia auropunctata (Roger) (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), Established at Several Locations on Guam

Little fire ant, Wasmannia auropunctata (Roger) (LFA), was identified in a karst-limestone forest adjacent to a green-waste hardfill in northern Guam in No - vember 2011. Six additional LFA infestations were identified at private residences and small farms along the southwest coast of the island. Surveillance surveys sug- gest that LFA has yet to spread to the neighboring islands of the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (CNMI), or elsewhere in Micronesia. The spread of LFA to and throughout Guam is most likely due to human transport of infested plant material from LFA infested areas of Hawaii, Australia, or the U.S. mainland. The devastating effects of LFA on agriculture and forest ecosystems observed in LFA infested areas elsewhere are likely to occur on Guam and other Micronesian islands infested by LFA. Some LFA infestations on Guam may be eradicable using control techniques in use in Hawaii and other Pacific Basin countries.

Topic: Insect and Arachnid Ecology and Behavior
Subfield: Genetics
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Keep It Flexible: Driving Macromolecular Rotary Motions in Atomistic Simulations with GROMACS

We describe a versatile method to enforce the rotation of subsets of atoms, e.g., a protein subunit, in molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. In particular, we introduce a "flexible axis" technique that allows realistic flexible adaptions of both the rotary subunit as well as the local rotation axis during the simulation. A variety of useful rotation potentials were implemented for the GROMACS 4.5 MD package. Application to the molecular motor F(1)-ATP synthase demonstrates the advantages of the flexible axis approach over the established fixed axis rotation technique.

Topic: ATP Synthase and ATPases Research
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
A global history in a global world? Human rights in history education in the Global North and South

In this study, we analyse similarities and differences in 957 students’ perceptions of the&#13;\nhistory of human rights in six countries: England, India, New Zealand, South Africa, Sweden and&#13;\nthe United States of America. This is investigated through the lens of the intended, implemented and&#13;\nachieved curricula. Our aim is to better understand what historical events students perceive as central&#13;\nin the history of human rights in different countries and how this may relate to education about,&#13;\nthrough and for human rights across borders. While the findings indicate a global culture of human&#13;\nrights, we identify several challenges in the teaching and learning of universal human rights in&#13;\nhistory education. In some instances, notions of nationalism and exceptionalism in society and&#13;\nhistory culture pose great challenges to the teaching and learning of human rights. In others, a strong&#13;\nfocus on the global world have complicated the identification of human rights issues in the local&#13;\ncontext. Our findings also highlight the neglect of certain historical narratives, most notably the&#13;\nhistory of indigenous and minority groups. These findings are significant to researchers, teachers&#13;\nand decision-makers interested in furthering human rights and international understanding through&#13;\neducation.

Topic: Educator Training and Historical Pedagogy
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Duck fat: Physicochemical characteristics, health effects, and food utilizations

With the increasing global consumption and production of duck meat, the disposal of duck by-products has become both a serious environmental and economic concern. Such issues can be overcome through the use of duck fat derived from duck by-products and it can also be adopted as a healthier edible fat than other animal fats (e.g., pork and beef). This review provides comprehensive coverage of the physicochemical properties, health aspects, and potential applications of duck fat in the food industry. Compared to other animal fats and vegetable oils, the intrinsic fatty acid composition of duck fat, which is high in unsaturated fatty acids (especially oleic acid), provides the physical, thermal, and oxidative stability of final processed foods. Furthermore, it has several advantages over other animal fats, such as its anti-obesity, hepatic health effects, and anti-vascular aging effects. Overall, duck fat has potential advantages as an ingredient in the food industry.

Topic: Meat and Animal Product Quality
Subfield: Animal Science and Zoology
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Primer on Depression

Suicide is a public health problem worldwide and one of the leading causes of death in the United States. Suicidal behavior is also a major public health concern, with more than 1 million people per year attempting suicide in the United States. Suicide is a complex phenomenon, occurring because of a convergence of genetic, environmental, psychological, social, cultural, and systemic risk and protective factors. As such, suicide prevention efforts must include interventions across the spectrum of society, from healthcare to school to public health and community efforts. This chapter reviews the risk and protective factors related to suicide; research findings about the mechanisms and functions of suicidal behavior; principles of crisis intervention; treatments to address suicidal behavior; an overview of suicide risk and treatment in special populations, including youth, geriatric, and sexual and gender minority populations; and an overview of postvention efforts.

Topic: Suicide and Self-Harm Studies
Subfield: Clinical Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
MIGRATING GRAFENBERG CONTRACEPTION RING

It appears that the use of a flexible metal ring in the uterus as a contraceptive is rather widespread, and according to an advertisement in a medical journal the manufacturers advise that it is both efficient and safe. This apparatus is variously called Von Graffe ring, Gomco contraception ring and Gräfenberg ring. A foreign body remaining in the uterus would be expected to give some unfortunate results. The case which I report is one of these. I have found very little in the medical literature on this subject, but I have collected the reports of three other cases which would further suggest the danger of the use of such an apparatus. Jan. 14, 1936, Mrs. X consulted me. Her last period began Oct. 5, 1935. She told me that a contraceptive ring had been inserted in the uterus in November 1934, and she brought with her a roentgenogram taken eight months

Topic: Ureteral procedures and complications
Subfield: Obstetrics and Gynecology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences