jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
A multiband optical polarimetric study of classical Be stars with exceptionally large near-infrared excess

Polarimetric technique is an efficient tool to study the dust properties not only in the interstellar and intra-cluster medium, but also in circumstellar environments. We present new multi-band (BV(RI)C) optical polarimetric observations of six classical Be stars, HD259431, HD62532, HD45677, HD50138, BD+56 563 and BD+56 573, to diagnose the presence of dust in their circumstellar environments. The foreground dust distribution shows the presence of dust layers at distances of ∼ 200–500 pc. Five stars show an indication of possible intrinsic polarization and (or) rotation in their polarization angles. Especially, two stars HD45677 and HD50138, which show relatively large near-infrared excess with both (J–H) and (H–K) > 0.7 mag, exhibit more polarization at shorter wavelengths than that at longer wavelengths thereby indicating the presence of small dust grains in their circumstellar disk/envelope. Four stars namely HD259431, HD62532, HD45677 and HD50138 show a significant amount of intrinsic polarization indicating the presence of copious amount of dust in an asymmetric distribution e.g., in the form of disk or toroid. In the case of two CBe stars (BD+56 563 & BD+56 573) which are located in the star cluster χ Per, the observed polarization of these two stars seems to dominated by the foreground dust polarization.

Topic: Astrophysics and Star Formation Studies
Subfield: Astronomy and Astrophysics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
CCDC 185079: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.

Topic: X-ray Diffraction in Crystallography
Subfield: Materials Chemistry
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Analysis of the Influence of Economic Complexity on Regional Economic Management Based on Computer Informatization Model

This study adheres to the principle of combining empirical analysis and normative analysis and establishes an analytical framework according to the research ideas from theoretical analysis to empirical analysis to countermeasures. Suggestions for high-quality economic growth in my country and paths for promoting coordinated regional development were made. This study will take the data from 1993 to 2020 as a unit, taking into account factors such as education, consumption, investment, and labor costs and using SAR model, SEM model, and spatial panel data model to measure the degree of economic complexity in my country. For the research on the difference of regional economic growth in my country, this study is refined to the county level to measure the degree of regional economic development and compare and analyze the regional development differences, and we strive to use empirical evidence to scientifically analyze the degree of economic complexity and regional development differences, using the spatial panel model, SAR model, and SEM model to comprehensively consider the impact of my country’s economic complexity on regional economic growth differences; finally, combined with theoretical analysis and empirical test results, based on the perspective of economic complexity, coordinated development provides countermeasures and provides corresponding suggestions for the high-quality development of my country’s economy, the continuous optimization of industrial structure, and the establishment of regional cooperation mechanisms.

Topic: Economic and Technological Innovation
Subfield: Economics and Econometrics
Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance
Domain: Social Sciences
The Inertial Reticle Technology (IRT) Applied to a Remington 700 Sniper Rifle.

Motion of the muzzle of a shoulder-fired weapon occurs during firing because of many factors, such as breathing, trigger pull, and flinching, and can also be introduced as a result of offhand shooting in less than stable shooting positions. This motion can have adverse effects on the capability of the weapon to hit a target because the shooter is unable to accurately position the muzzle of the weapon onto the target as the projectile exits the barrel. Electronic fire control offers the opportunity to extend the range and accuracy that can be achieved by a sniper or a long-range shooter with the implementation of a dynamic ballistic solution and a precise firing time selection. The Inertial Reticle Technology (IRT) has been developed at the U.S. Army Research Laboratory (ARL) as a novel solution to fire control for such applications. Therefore, to improve the accuracy of a shoulder-fired weapon, ARL applied the IRT to a rifle. This report presents the complete details of how the IRT was applied to a Remington 700 sniper rifle, along with analysis of long-range live-fire test data fired by a test engineer and an Army sniper.

Topic: Traumatic Ocular and Foreign Body Injuries
Subfield: Ophthalmology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
CCDC 2126521: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.

Topic: Crystallization and Solubility Studies
Subfield: Materials Chemistry
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Inhibition of Herpes Simplex Virus by Normal Serum: Its Relationship to the Properdin System

Journal Article Inhibition of Herpes Simplex Virus by Normal Serum: Its Relationship to the Properdin System Get access Richard A. Finkelstein, Richard A. Finkelstein From theDepartment of Microbiology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical School, Dallas, Texas Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Rae Allen, Rae Allen From theDepartment of Microbiology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical School, Dallas, Texas Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Edward S. Sulkin Edward S. Sulkin From theDepartment of Microbiology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical School, Dallas, Texas Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 104, Issue 2, March 1959, Pages 184–192, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/104.2.184 Published: 01 March 1959 Article history Received: 11 November 1958 Published: 01 March 1959

Topic: Herpesvirus Infections and Treatments
Subfield: Epidemiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
A Case of Acute Lead Toxicity Associated with Siddha Medication

Siddha is an indigenous system of medicine practiced exclusively in South India.Some of these formulations have been postulated to cause heavy metal poisoning,like lead toxicity. Here we present a case of Siddha medicine induced lead toxicity causing intractable chronic abdominal pain.

Topic: Complementary and Alternative Medicine Studies
Subfield: Complementary and alternative medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Q-Markers or Chemical Markers: A New Insight towards Quality Control of Herbal Medicines

The use of analytical chemical markers are always debatable and the new concept of Q-markers are more refined and extended approach of active markers proposed by European Medicines Agency and must be considered for the sampling and quality control of herbal medicines and raw materials.

Topic: Phytochemistry and Biological Activities
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
STRESS AND COPING STRATEGIES AMONG MEDICAL STUDENTS A CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY

<em>Medical education is considered challenging as medical students have to confront diverse varieties of stress during all study years that affects their physical and psychological health and hinder coping abilities. The present study was aimed to examine stress and coping strategies of medical students studying in a private medical college. It was hypothesized that there is likely to be a relationship among stress and coping strategies and differences may exists in stress regarding gender and year of study. A sample of medical students N=200 was selected randomly from Akhtar Saeed Medical &amp; Dental College Lahore. Age range of participants was18to 26 years (M=21).The Medical Students Stressor Questionnaire MSSQ- 40 (Yusoff, Rahim, 2010) was used to assess Stress of medical students and The Brief Coping Orientation to Problems Experienced COPE-28 (Montel,Albertini, Desnuelle, Spitz, 2012) was used to assess Coping skills adopted by medical students. Pearson product moment correlation analysis was carried out to identify relationships among stress, coping strategy and demographics of medical students. T-Test and ANOVA was performed to explore the differences of study variables and demographics. The findings showed a positive relationship between stress and coping. Results revealed a high stress level in female students as compared to male students. Academic stressor was found to be the most influencing factor whereas Avoidance coping was mostly used by medical students in Akhtar Saeed Medical and Dental College, Lahore. A higher stress rate was observed in 2nd year medical students among all study years. It was concluded that stress has a positive relationship with coping and significant differences were found regarding socio-demographics (gender, year of study).</em> <strong><em>Keywords</em></strong><em>: Medical Students, Stress, Coping strategies, Brief COPE, MSSQ</em>

Topic: Health and Well-being Studies
Subfield: Clinical Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Negative-Sample-Free Contrastive Self-Supervised Learning for Electroencephalogram-Based Motor Imagery Classification

Motor imagery-based brain-computer interface (MI-BCI) systems convert user intentions into computer commands, aiding the communication and rehabilitation of individuals with motor disabilities. Traditional MI classification relies on supervised learning; however, it faces challenges in acquiring large volumes of reliably labeled data and ensuring generalized high performance owing to specific experimental paradigms. To address these issues, this study proposes a contrastive self-supervised learning (SSL) method that does not require negative samples. A MultiResolutionCNN backbone, designed to capture temporal and spatial electroencephalogram (EEG) features, is introduced. By using Barlow Twins loss-based contrastive SSL, features are effectively extracted from EEG signals without labels. MI classification was performed with data from two datasets that were not used for pretraining: an in-domain dataset with two classes and out-domain dataset with four classes. The proposed framework outperformed conventional supervised learning, achieving accuracies of 82.47% and 43.19% on the in-domain and out-domain datasets, respectively. Performance variations were observed in response to variations in the values of key hyperparameters during training. The maximum differences in lambda, learning rate, and batch size were 0.93%, 3.28%, and 3.38%, respectively, demonstrating robust generalization. This study facilitates the development and application of more practical and robust MI-BCI systems. This code is available at <uri>https://github.com/dlcjfgmlnasa/Barlow_Twins_EEG.git</uri>.

Topic: EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces
Subfield: Cognitive Neuroscience
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences
Analyzing Sliding Stability of Structures Using the Computer Program GWALL.

This report documents the usage of the computer program GWALL to analyze the sliding stability of structures. The program provides for display of input data for easy checking and editing and requires the use of a Tektronix 4014 or other terminals with same capabilities. The analysis is a wedge method slope-stability analysis that follows the design procedures used in the Lower Mississippi Valley Division for analysis of plane failures. The program provides for calculation of uplift by entering profile of force water seepage pressures. (Author)

Topic: Hermeneutics and Narrative Identity
Subfield: Philosophy
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
The High School & Beyond Data Set: Academic Self-Concept Measures.

A series of confirmatory factor analyses using both LISREL VI (maximum likelihood method) and LISCOHP (weighted least squares method Ising covariance matrix based on polychoric correlations) and including cross-validation on independent samples were applied to items from the High School and Beyond data set to explore the measurement characteristics of a proposed let of academic self-concept measures. Results most strongly supported a first-order model with English Selr Ocmcept (ESC) and Math Self-Concept (MSC) as uncorrelated factors and General School Self-Concept as a factor correlating with ESC and MSC. Tests for invariance suggested that the model holds up across gender, but not across socioeconomic status. The results provide further confirmation (..: the independence of ESC and MSC and for the invariance of the structure of self-concept across gender, at least for adolescents. The possibility that the structure may differ across socioeconomic status deserves further consideration. (Author/NB) * Elproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made * * from the original document. * ***********************************************************************

Topic: Education, Achievement, and Giftedness
Subfield: Experimental and Cognitive Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Measurement of Finger Range of Motion in Hand Therapy

Introduction: Finger range of motion (ROM) measurement is a foundational skill in hand therapy practice. A variety of techniques for measuring finger motion with their clinical measurement properties have been presented in practice guidelines and research reports. However, it is unclear what methods are used by hand therapists in their daily clinical practice, and the factors that influence this choice. Additionally, the clinical measurement properties of composite finger flexion (CFF) have not yet been evaluated.&#13;\nThesis purpose: To 1) explore the preferred measurement techniques used by hand therapists to measure finger range of motion in clinical practice, the influence of their clinical reasoning, contextual factors, and practice settings and 2) evaluate the clinical measurement properties (reliability, validity, responsiveness) and utility (time efficiency) of the CFF in people with traumatic hand injuries.&#13;\nMethods: First, we conducted an online survey distributed to members of the American and Canadian Society of Hand Therapists. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistical methods and qualitative content analysis. Second, participants were recruited from a hand therapy clinic to assess the clinical measurement properties of the CFF by administering outcome measures within a single session.&#13;\nResults: In the first study, goniometry for individual finger joints was most used and preferred by hand therapists, followed by active CFF. They engaged procedural and pragmatic reasoning modified by contextual factors when measuring finger ROM. The second study supported the use of CFF as a reliable, valid, and efficient tool in the clinical setting. Further study is required to verify its responsiveness.&#13;\nConclusion: This thesis provides insight into the current professional practice patterns in measuring finger ROM and recommends the use of CFF to inform clinical decision-making in traumatic hand injury follow-up.

Topic: Atmospheric aerosols and clouds
Subfield: Global and Planetary Change
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Interlaboratory comparison of metabolomics & lipidomics analyses in human and rodent blood using the MxP® Quant 500 kit

Metabolomics and lipidomics are pivotal in understanding phenotypic variations beyond genomics. However, quantification and comparability of mass spectrometry (MS)-derived data are challenging. Standardised assays can enhance data comparability, enabling applications in multi-center epidemiological and clinical studies. Here we evaluated the performance and reproducibility of the MxP® Quant 500 kit across 14 laboratories. The kit allows quantification of 634 different metabolites from 26 compound classes using triple quadrupole MS. Each laboratory analysed twelve samples, including human plasma and serum, lipaemic plasma, NIST SRM 1950, and mouse and rat plasma, in triplicates. 505 out of the 634 metabolites were measurable above the limit of detection in all laboratories, while eight metabolites were undetectable in our study. Out of the 505 metabolites, 412 were observed in both human and rodent samples. Overall, the kit exhibited high reproducibility with a median coefficient of variation (CV) of 14.3%. CVs in NIST SRM 1950 reference plasma were below 25% and 10% for 494 and 138 metabolites, respectively. To facilitate further inspection of reproducibility for any compound, we provide detailed results from the in-depth evaluation of reproducibility across concentration ranges using Deming regression. Interlaboratory reproducibility was similar across sample types, with some species-, matrix-, and phenotype-specific differences due to variations in concentration ranges. Comparisons with previous studies on the performance of MS-based kits revealed good concordance of reproducibility results and measured absolute concentrations in NIST SRM 1950 for most metabolites, making the MxP® Quant 500 kit a relevant tool for metabolomics and lipidomics in multi-center studies.

Topic: Lepidoptera: Biology and Taxonomy
Subfield: Genetics
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Metaverse gaming: analyzing the impact of self-expression, achievement, social interaction, violence, and difficulty

In the burgeoning landscape of metaverse gaming, understanding player behaviour and preferences is crucial for both academic and practical applications. This study delves into the dynamic realm of metaverse gaming, exploring the influence of various factors on user satisfaction and continuance intention. The primary purpose was to examine the roles of self-expression, challenge and achievement, social interaction, violence catharsis, and game difficulty in shaping player experiences in the metaverse. Employing Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) as the analytical method, the study analysed responses from 171 metaverse game users. The findings revealed intriguing patterns: while self-expression significantly impacts continuance intention, it does not affect immediate satisfaction. Challenge and achievement enhance satisfaction but not continuance intention, emphasizing the complex relationship between these constructs. Social interaction emerged as a critical factor positively influencing both satisfaction and continuance intention. Contrary to popular belief, violence catharsis did not significantly affect either satisfaction or continuance intention. Additionally, increased game difficulty was found to negatively impact both satisfaction and continuance intention. Satisfaction was shown to drive continuance intention. These insights bear significant implications for game developers and marketers, highlighting the need for nuanced game design strategies that emphasize social interaction and balanced challenges.

Topic: Technology Adoption and User Behaviour
Subfield: Information Systems and Management
Field: Decision Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
PassFit: Participatory Sensing and Filtering for Identifying Truthful Urban Pollution Sources

With the increasing ubiquitous usage of the smart phone, participatory sensing networks become applicable for urban sensing applications. Notably, in pollution monitoring applications, untrained participants and heterogeneously unreliable sensors bring much noise into the reported data. Status quo researches fail to identify truthful pollution sources when the parameters are not known. In this paper, we cluster the reported data and make parameter estimations of the pollution sources. Inspired by the expectation maximization method, we estimate the existence of the pollution sources and leverage these results for noise estimations iteratively. The key insight is that, we can identify the truthful pollution sources with the noisy data mitigation iteratively. Further, theoretical analysis also shows that, we can achieve optimal estimation in the sense of maximum likelihood (ML). Simulation results show that, compared with basic ML algorithm, we improve the false positive and false negative of identification by 99% and 82%, respectively, at the same time, the mean error and the deviation error of noise estimation by 49% and 70%, respectively.

Topic: Mobile Crowdsensing and Crowdsourcing
Subfield: Computer Science Applications
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Histopathological Changes in Human Prostatic Adenoma Following Neodymium:Yag Laser Ablation Therapy

Transurethral laser ablation of the prostate is a procedure currently under evaluation as an alternative to transurethral resection of the prostate in the management of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Removal of prostatic tissue by endoscopic resection or open surgical techniques from 7 patients in whom prostatic laser ablation was previously attempted offered an opportunity to evaluate the sequential effects of such energy upon the human prostate at varying intervals after treatment. A progressive inflammatory and necrotic response, initially akin to that demonstrated after a thermal burn, together with evolving vascular changes within the residual viable prostatic tissue were demonstrated. Our study demonstrates the changes in the human prostate whereby neodymium:YAG laser energy causes a deep coagulative necrosis and arterial thrombosis in the prostatic adenoma. These changes differ significantly from those noted in canine studies. A slower cavitation effect is observed in the human compared with the canine, and this finding mirrors the continuing clinical improvement in voiding parameters with time.

Topic: Urinary Bladder and Prostate Research
Subfield: Urology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
The Council of Trent and Vernacular Bible Reading: What Happened in the Build-Up to and during the Fourth Session (1546)?

Years Later.Louvain'sContribution to the Ongoing Historiographyonthe Council of Trent On 4December, 1563, asolemn Mass at the Cathedral,and asubsequent jubilant procession, marked the closure of the Councilo fT rent.Accordingt oc ontemporaryobservers, attendees uttered cries of joyand shed tears of relief.Two days later, ambassadors signed all protocolsand put an end to eighteen years of deliberations, spread over three separate assembly periods that begani n1 545.This Councilw ould provetohaveanenormous impact on early modern developments in religion, politics and culture, both in Europe and beyond.The last major conference devoted to the Council dates back to its quadricentenary in 1963, when asymposium wasorganized in Trent and presided over by the dis-tinguishedChurchhistorian Hubert Jedin (1900-80), who had made the study of this famous Church gathering his lifelong scholarly passion. 1 Since then,t he CouncilofT rent has repeatedly appeared on the research agenda in avariety of academic disciplines that include history,Churchhistory, theology, arthistory and musicology. 2 Thus, Trent's450 year anniversary caused the Council to once again attract an impressives hare of scholarlya ttention, as several academic conferences were organized,not onlyinTrent and Louvain (Leuven), but also in Freiburg im Breisgau, Lille and Braga.

Topic: Medieval Literature and History
Subfield: Classics
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences