jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Risk of hypertension (HTN) and malignant hypertension (mHTN) in patients treated for multiple myeloma (MM).

8049 Background: HTN is commonly reported in patients with MM and may be associated with older age, disease-related complications, or sequelae of MM treatments. This study evaluated incidence rates (IR) of HTN and mHTN in treated MM patients in the United States and the risk of development of mHTN in MM patients with pre-existing HTN. Methods: Newly-treated adult MM patients were identified from Truven MarketScan claims database from 1/1/05 to 3/31/14 using ICD-9 codes to identify disease state, HTN, mHTN, and comorbidities. Inclusion criteria were new diagnosis of MM with start of MM treatment, ≥ 12 months continuous enrollment (CE) prior to diagnosis, prescription drug coverage, and ≥ 30 days of CE following initial diagnosis. Non-MM patients were matched on age (within +/- 5 yrs), gender, and distribution of index dates to MM patients. The risk of HTN and mHTN based on existing HTN and other CV comorbidities were evaluated over time. Results: 7895 MM patients (38% with HTN history) and 23685 non-MM patients (24% HTN history) were included in the study. The IR of HTN in MM and non-MM patients was 260 and 178 per 1000 person-years (PYRs), respectively. The IR of mHTN in patients with and without a history HTN were 10.25 and 3.29 per 1000 PYRs, respectively for MM patients; 4.25 and 1.88 per 1000 PYRs, respectively for non-MM patients. There was a 30% increase in the risk of HTN (HR: 1.30; 95% CI: 1.22, 1.37) in MM vs. non-MM patients. MM patients with (HR: 1.90; 95% CI: 1.26, 2.87) or without (HR: 1.54; 95% CI: 1.04, 2.28) a history of HTN had a higher risk of mHTN events during the observation period vs. non-MM patients. In MM patients with a history of HTN, the risk of mHTN was significantly increased with the following comorbid conditions: cardiomyopathy (HR: 2.79; 95% CI: 1.20, 6.48), renal failure (HR: 2.13; 95% CI: 1.36, 3.34), and diabetes mellitus (HR: 1.59; 95% CI: 1.05, 2.39). Conclusions: This study confirms that the incidence of HTN and mHTN is higher in newly-treated MM patients vs non-MM patients. Existing HTN is a risk factor for MM patients developing mHTN. Management of CV comorbidities in MM patients is important based on the increased risk of HTN and mHTN among patients with these comorbidities.

Topic: Cancer Treatment and Pharmacology
Subfield: Oncology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) as a predictive and prognostic marker in patients with advanced colorectal cancer (aCRC): The MRC COIN trial experience.

359 Background: KRAS mutation has been shown to be a more effective (though negative) biomarker for selection of patients for EGFR targeted therapy in aCRC. However, positive EGFR immunohistochemistry (IHC) remains a license requirement and was an inclusion criterion in most trials to date. The MRC COIN trial recruited 2445 pts into 3 arms of oxaliplatin + fluoropyrimidine +/- cetuximab without prior EGFR assessment. This trial provides a unique opportunity to definitively examine the role of EGFR IHC as prognostic and predictive marker and potentially the evidence required to remove this assessment from the license for this drug. Methods: Formalin-fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) tissue was stained retrospectively for EGFR using Dako kit in a national reference lab. Results were assessed by 3 reviewers (BJ, SS, RA) using digital imaging software in a blinded fashion, then by BJ/SS providing consensus for discrepancies. EGFR scoring was assessed as a prognostic variable in association with selected patient, tumor and biochemical data. Cut off points examined for +ve vs -ve tumours, in terms of total tumour cells demonstrating membrane staining, were: 0% vs &gt;0%; &lt;10% vs ≥10%; &lt;20% vs ≥20%. Results: EGFR IHC was adequately assessed for 1621 pts (66% of randomised), 22% were negative (0%) and 78% positive (&gt;0%), balanced across arms. EGFR was not prognostic for PFS within KRAS wt pts at the standardized cut off point 0% vs &gt;0% HR=1.11 95% CI 0.91-1.36 p=0.31 but was at &lt;10% vs ≥10% (HR=1.27 95% CI 1.07-1.52 p=0.008) this was robust to other prognostic variables. No effect was seen for overall response or survival. There was no prognostic effect for the KRAS mutant group. In the 1065 assessable pts randomised to +/- cetuximab, no evidence of EGFR IHC as a predictive marker for response or survival outcomes was observed for the addition of cetuximab to chemotherapy (OS HR=1.11 95% CI 0.70-1.75 p=0.66; PFS HR=0.95 95% CI 0.64-1.43 p=0.82). Conclusions: Extensive assessment of samples from this trial suggest a role for EGFR IHC as a prognostic marker in KRAS wt aCRC but refute the predictive value embedded within the licence for cetuximab used in combination with chemo in first-line therapy. [Table: see text]

Topic: Colorectal Cancer Treatments and Studies
Subfield: Oncology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Urban Enterprise Zones: Do They Work? Evidence From New Jersey

Budgetary pressures have made it necessary to consider the effectiveness of urban enterprise zones. These geographically targeted tax incentives programs are widespread. But whether and to what extent these programs spur economic development is not known. The article presents an evaluation of urban enterprise zones in New Jersey in terms of costs and economic impacts, including industrial output, tax revenue, and job creation.

Topic: Regional Economics and Spatial Analysis
Subfield: Economics and Econometrics
Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance
Domain: Social Sciences
The principal victim: Catholic antisemitism and the holocaust in Central Europe

Throughout his pontificate Pope John Paul 11 has strongly emphasised the need for recognition of the church's past failures, especially with regard to antisemitism and the persecution of the Jewish population of Europe. This specific issue is tackled in documents like We Remember (Commission for Religious Relations with the Jews, 1998) and Memory and Reconciliation (International Theological Commission, 1999).1 In the former the question is raised whether 'anti-Jewish prejudices' contributed to the Holocaust: But it may be asked whether the Nazi persecution of the Jews was not made easier by the anti-Jewish prejudices imbedded in some Christian minds and hearts. Did anti-Jewish sentiment among Christians make them less sensitive, or even indifferent, to the persecutions launched against the Jews by National Socialism when it reached power? Any response to this question must take into account that we are dealing with the history of people's attitudes and ways of thinking, subject to multiple influences. Moreover, many people were altogether unaware of the 'final solution' that was being put into effect against a whole people; others were afraid for themselves and those near to them; some took advantage of the situation; and still others were moved by envy. A response would need to be given case by case. To do this, however, it is necessary to know what precisely motivated people in a particular situation. A fresh start at examining this past was made by the International Catholic-Jewish Historical Commission consisting of three Catholic and three Jewish historians. Appointed by the Holy See's Commission for Religious Relations with the Jews and the International Jewish Committee for Interreligious Consultations they set out in 1999 to clarify the position of the Vatican and more notably that of Pope Pius XII. In October 2000, after studying the main core of documentary evidence, the Actes et documents du Saint Siege relatifs a la seconde guerre mondiale (Blet et al., 1965-81), the commission members drafted their conclusions. The mainly Italian-language Actes et documents alone proved to be too limited a source and additional research in the Vatican archives was needed. The six historians proposed some 47 questions, which aimed at a more profound understanding of the topic (International Catholic-Jewish Historical Commission, 2000). In 2001 work was suspended. Although much academic research has been done already and many questions still need answering, common knowledge about exactly how and why the church fell short of its vocation remains relatively limited. Furthermore, research has been obscured by polemics.

Topic: Historical Geopolitical and Social Dynamics
Subfield: Political Science and International Relations
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Broadband circularly polarized printed monopole antenna with protruded L‐shaped and inverted L‐shaped strips

Abstract A novel approach in the design of broadband circularly polarized antennas is presented in this article. The design uses a simple monopole structure with a triangular tapered feed. Right‐/left‐hand circular polarization (CP) is achieved by protruding L‐shaped strip and inverted L‐shaped strip along the left/right radiating edge of the monopole. It is proposed that the 3‐dB axial ratio bandwidth (AR‐BW) can be enhanced when the length of these strips is equal to λ g /4 at the center frequency of their respective CP bands. This principle is verified by fabricating the prototype on 1 mm thick FR4 substrate occupying a compact area of 0.19 λ 0 × 0.19 λ 0 . From the measurement results, it is observed that the overlapped bandwidth ( S 11 ≤ −10 dB and AR ≤ 3 dB) of the antenna is 129.04% (1.38–6.4 GHz) which covers all the major WLAN bands including the WiMAX. The proposed antenna has bi‐directional radiation characteristics with a broadside gain of 3.49 dBic in the CP band.

Topic: Antenna Design and Analysis
Subfield: Aerospace Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Hasil Cek Similarity: Frequency of Verbs in Lifestyle Columnin The Jakarta Post and The Relation toText Characteristics: A Corpus-BasedAnalysis

This study examines the use of verbs in Lifestyle column in The Jakarta Post to identify the frequency of verbs used in the column and to find out the relation between frequency of verbs and the characteristics of Lifestyle column as the staple product of soft news. This study collected the data, sentences containing lexical verbs, from Lifestyle articles labeled as Lifestyle Corpus comprising 29.195 words. The Lifestyle Corpus was loaded into Lancsbox corpus tool to get the assistance in identifying the use of the verbs. The data were analyzed both qualitatively (classifying the types of the verbs based on Scheibmann’s compilation and interpreting the relation between frequency and text characteristics) and quantitatively (counting the percentage of verb usage and list the verbs from the most frequent to the least frequent one). The results of the study show that the verb types most frequently used in Lifestyle of The Jakarta Post are material, verbal, and relational and the least frequent ones are possessive/relational, cognition, and perception/relational. The highest use of material verbs is plausible since the members of material verbs can also be used as phrasal verbs and used metaphorically. Following material, verbal verbs occupies the second most frequent verb of which it is in accordance with the nature of news text, that is to report something. Meanwhile, perception/relational verb indicates that the expression of subjective perception is less prominent in writing Lifestyle articles as it is also avoided in news writing in general. This strongly indicates that frequency of linguistic units is (1) affected by the nature of the linguistic units themselves or (2) affected by the characteristics of the text.

Keywords

verbs; corpus; soft news; The Jakarta Post

Topic: Linguistics and Language Analysis
Subfield: Language and Linguistics
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Characterization of the causality of general dynamic systems

Abstract This paper treats the non-anticipation type causality in the framework of the mathematical general systems theory and gives a necessary and sufficient condition for the causality of a general dynamic system under the output completeness condition. The output completeness condition is demonstrated to hold for usual systems dealt with in systems theory including linear differential equation systems and finite automata. Finally, as an application of the necessary and sufficient condition causality properties are examined for several systems. In particular, a condition is found for a general linear time system to have a linear causal initial state representation.

Topic: Formal Methods in Verification
Subfield: Computational Theory and Mathematics
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
On the Nature of Meaning and Untranslatability

The nature of meaning has long been the focus of the study of the philosophy of language. In this paper, the relationship between language and the mind is talked in a detailed way by mentioning Saussure’s account of meaning and language that people see the world according to the structure of the language they have learnt. And the development of Saussure’s idea by Sapir and Whorf, linguistic determinism and its weaker version, linguistic relativity is stated especially by relating it with the notion of untranslatability. Then an instance of a loss or distortion of translation is quoted to defend untranslatability.

Topic: Historical Linguistics and Language Studies
Subfield: Language and Linguistics
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
CSL regulates AKT to mediate androgen independence in prostate cancer progression

CSL-AKT-AR axis might play an important role in prostate cancer progression. Targeting CSL depleted the casodex resistant population through inhibition of the AKT, suggesting a more effective therapeutic strategy for abrogating casodex resistance in advanced prostate cancer.

Topic: Prostate Cancer Treatment and Research
Subfield: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
High Accuracy Expressions of the Maximum Power Point Coordinate for Solar Cell Model with Series Resistance

In this work are presented three high precision expressions for estimation of the maximum power point coordinates of the solar cells for the single diode model with series resistance. The proposed expressions are in explicit form that allows the direct calculation of the maximum power point coordinates and the fill factor. The presented relations are among the most accurate ones presented in the literature. The accuracy of the proposed expressions is very good for specific intervals of the series resistance and open circuit voltage (rs<0.3;voc>8), ranges which, with very few exceptions, covers all real operating conditions of a solar cell.

Topic: Photovoltaic System Optimization Techniques
Subfield: Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment
Field: Energy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Effects of Chronic Sleep Restriction and Exercise Training on Metastasis

Epidemiological evidence shows long and short sleep, such as commonly experienced by many people in today's society, puts individuals at greater risk for cancer development. Physical activity may reduce the risk or progression of certain cancers. PURPOSE: To determine the effects of chronic sleep restriction and exercise training on experimental tumor metastasis in mice. METHODS: Thirty-five male C57BL/6J mice were maintained on 12:12 hr light:dark cycle. The animals were randomly assigned to one of four 8-week treatments in a 2X2 (sleep restriction vs. normal sleep) by (exercise vs. sedentary control) design. Sleep restricted mice were placed on a slow rotating disk (1 rev/min), which prevents sleep, for 15 hours, beginning 3 hrs/day before dark onset (when activity is predominant). The amount of sleep allowed is analogous to a human getting approximately 1.5 hrs of sleep loss per night. Mice in the normal sleep groups were placed on the apparatus, but the disk was locked. Mice in the exercise groups ran on a treadmill (18–22 m/min, 5% grade, 60 min/d), while sedentary groups were subjected to the noise of the treadmill without running. After 8-wks of treatments, mice were injected in their tail vein with syngeneic B16 melanoma cells. All mice were sacrificed and lungs were excised. Lung tumor foci were counted under a gross dissection microscope. Differences between groups were evaluated using ANOVA and post-hoc comparisons. RESUITS: A significant main treatment effect for sleep was found with an attenuation of lung tumor foci in the sleep restricted group compared to normal sleep groups (p<0.001). No significant main treatment effect was found for exercise compared to sedentary mice. However, analysis restricted to the normal sleep group revealed a significant benefit of exercise (p<0.05). A significant sleep by exercise interaction was exhibited (p<0.01). The attenuation of tumor foci following sleep restriction was greater in the sedentary vs. exercise group. However, skin lesions were found in all of the sleep restricted groups, but none of the normal sleeping mice. CONCLUSIONS: Chronic sleep restriction reduced B16 lung tumor metastasis in mice. Exercise training reduced tumor metastasis, but only in the normal sleep group. Supported by GSSI Student Grant

Topic: Hydrogen's biological and therapeutic effects
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
and fast transient SAX J1819.3–2525 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS

Abstract. SAX J1819.3–2525 is a nearby X-ray transient which exhibited a fast and large X-ray outburst on Sep. 15, 1999 (Smith et al. 1999). The Wide Field Cameras and the Narrow Field Instruments (NFI) on board BeppoSAX observed SAX J1819.3–2525 at various stages of its activity before that, in the spring and fall of 1999. The fluxes range between 0.012 and 0.3 Crab units (2–10 keV). The NFI observation is unique because it is the longest semi-continuous observation of SAX J1819.3–2525 so far, and it offers a study of the spectrum at a relatively high resolution of 8 % full width at half maximum at 6 keV. We discuss the observations with emphasis on the X-ray spectrum. A strong Fe-K emission line was detected in SAX J1819.3–2525 with an equivalent width between 0.3 and 1 keV. The line energy is up to 6.85±0.02 keV and suggests the presence of highly ionized iron. We identify this as fluorescent emission from a photo-ionized plasma. The continuum spectrum is typical for a low-mass X-ray binary in which emission from an accretion disk corona plays an important role. There is no sign of an eclipse or periodic signal due to the binary orbit in this exposure, despite the fact that the twin jets seen at radio wavelengths suggest a high inclination angle.

Topic: Astrophysical Phenomena and Observations
Subfield: Astronomy and Astrophysics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Early detection of osteoporosis in a general practitioner's office

Introduction. Identifying certain risk factors for osteoporosis can greatly influence its occurrence, progression, and overall outcomes. Objective. Our research focused on osteoporosis and its risk factors in menopausal women attending a general practitioner's office. Method. The research was conducted at the Primary Healthcare Center in Lazarevac from September to December 2016. We collected data on risk factors for osteoporosis during regular visits to general practitioners (GPs) and also utilized medical records. Participants who had one or more risk factors were referred for bone mineral density (BMD) measurement using DEXA scans. Based on the BMD findings and the identified risk factors, some participants were referred to a rheumatologist. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and statistical hypothesis testing methods in SPSS version 20. Results. A total of 58 postmenopausal women over the age of 45 participated in our research, with an average age of 65.62 years. The most common risk factors identified were early menopause (32.8%), cigarette smoking (31.0%), and the presence of chronic diseases (25.9%). Among the participants, 51.7% had one or two risk factors, while 22.4% had three or more. Additionally, 72.4% of the participants were referred for DEXA scans, and osteoporosis was diagnosed in 35.7% of them, leading to the initiation of treatment. Conclusion. Identifying individuals at risk for osteoporosis in a general practitioner's office can be done easily by looking for specific risk factors. Early health interventions can lead to effective prevention, prompt diagnosis, and appropriate treatment of the disease.

Topic: Bone health and osteoporosis research
Subfield: Orthopedics and Sports Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Soy Components Genistein And Lunasin Regulate E‐Cadherin And Wnt Signaling In Mammary Epithelial Cells

Enhanced Wnt/Î²‐catenin signaling and loss of E‐cadherin expression are considered hallmarks of tumorigenesis. We previously showed by microarray gene profiling that dietary intake of soy‐based AIN‐93G diets altered components of Wnt/Î²‐catenin signaling in rat mammary epithelial cells. To further evaluate the molecular effectors, biological consequence, and mechanism(s) underlying dietary soy effects, we utilized the mouse mammary epithelial cell line HC11 treated with the soy isoflavone genistein and the soy peptide lunasin at physiologically relevant doses. Genistein (40 nM) inhibited basal and Wnt1‐activated cell proliferation after 7 days of treatment. Further, genistein increased Î²‐catenin and E‐cadherin protein levels and formation of membrane E‐cadherin/Î²‐catenin complexes. Lunasin (1 Î¼M) induced E‐cadherin gene and protein expression, but had no effect on membrane E‐cadherin/Î²‐catenin complex formation. Cells treated with Wnt1(10ng/ml) had increased nuclear Î²‐catenin localization and expression of its target genes cyclin D1 and c‐myc, relative to the controls. Genistein completely abolished Wnt1‐mediated induction of these genes. Results implicate genistein and lunasin in the regulation of E‐cadherin and Wnt/Î²‐catenin signaling in mammary epithelial cells, and provide a mechanism by which dietary soy protects against mammary tumors.

Topic: Phytoestrogen effects and research
Subfield: Pathology and Forensic Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Servants of a ‘sinking titanic’ or actors of change? Contested identities of social workers in Sweden

Historically, social workers have been an integral part of a well-developed welfare state in Sweden. However, due to the neoliberal changes, which have seen the weakening of the support system for vulnerable groups and individuals, the traditional ‘solidary role’ of social workers has rapidly altered. This has created uncertainty and dilemmas for the identification of many social workers, who still perceive themselves as promoters of ‘welfare of the people’. This article dwells, therefore, on neoliberal transformations and the changing professional identity of practitioners. The study is based on a comprehensive empirical work of interviews with social workers. The results show a growing and widespread unease with new professional roles and functions of social workers as bureaucrats within a neoliberalised organisation of public social work. Some social workers still try to find creative and new ways of working in solidarity, while others, although critical, see adjustment to the new organisational frames as a way to continue their work. It is argued that social workers are not passive actors in the process of neoliberalisation of public social work in Sweden but could actively take different stances and choose their own identifications, in order to maintain the solidary role of social workers.

Topic: Social Work Education and Practice
Subfield: Public Administration
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences