jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
A Help Desk Application for Sharing Resources Across High Speed Networks Using a Multi-Agent Network Architecture

The advent of complex heterogeneous network applications requires the use of distributed and intelligent mechanisms for sharing resources. In this paper, a help desk service that demonstrates the use of multiagent systems for sharing multimedia resources across a high speed network is described. The help desk is modelled as a practical service within an organization using a service provisioning Tool for Enterprise Definition and then compiled into a set of agents as defined by the Multi-Agent Network Architecture. The help desk is a real-world computer-telephony integration (CTI) application implemented using a multi-agent system. It demonstrates the practical use of multi-agent systems for sharing distributed resources such as speech recognizers, databases and World Wide Web Mosaic servers and clients. It is also the first successful CTI prototype of the service provisioning tool and the agent architecture. Introduction 1 The advent of complex networks that integrate telecommunicat...

Topic: Freshwater macroinvertebrate diversity and ecology
Subfield: Ecology
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
CCDC 1913833: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.

Topic: Crystallization and Solubility Studies
Subfield: Materials Chemistry
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) for migraine: an fMRI study

Background Dysfunction of the thalamocortical connectivity network is thought to underlie the pathophysiology of the migraine. This current study aimed to explore the thalamocortical connectivity changes during 4 weeks of continuous transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) treatment on migraine patients. Methods 70 migraine patients were recruited and randomized in an equal ratio to receive real taVNS or sham taVNS treatments for 4 weeks. Resting-state functional MRI was collected before and after treatment. The thalamus was parceled into functional regions of interest (ROIs) on the basis of six priori-defined cortical ROIs covering the entire cortex. Seed-based functional connectivity analysis between each thalamic subregion and the whole brain was further compared across groups after treatment. Results Of the 59 patients that finished the study, those in the taVNS group had significantly reduced number of migraine days, pain intensity and migraine attack times after 4 weeks of treatment compared with the sham taVNS. Functional connectivity analysis revealed that taVNS can increase the connectivity between the motor-related thalamus subregion and anterior cingulate cortex/medial prefrontal cortex, and decrease the connectivity between occipital cortex-related thalamus subregion and postcentral gyrus/precuneus. Conclusion Our findings suggest that taVNS can relieve the symptoms of headache as well as modulate the thalamocortical circuits in migraine patients. The results provide insights into the neural mechanism of taVNS and reveal potential therapeutic targets for migraine patients.

Topic: Vagus Nerve Stimulation Research
Subfield: Neurology
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences
Does Meaning Affirmation Reduce Defensiveness? The Role of Recalling Cherished Relationships.

Humans desire meaning. Drawing from Terror Management Theory (Greenberg, Pyszczynski, & Solomon, 1986) and the Meaning Maintenance Model (Heine, Proulx, & Vohs, 2006), we examined potential buffers for threats to meaning. According to TMT, people find meaning in cultural worldviews. When people are faced with challenges to their worldviews, they defend their worldview to regain meaning. Similarly, the MMM suggests that various sources of meaning (belonging, self-esteem, certainty, symbolic immortality) are interchangeable; affirming one domain may reduce the reliance on another source of meaning (Van Tongeren & Green, 2010). Based on this, we predicted that bolstering someone’s meaning through meaning affirmation would buffer them a subsequent meaning threat (e.g., criticism of their beliefs). We hypothesized that those who affirmed their meaning would be less defensive than those who had not been affirmed. Participants were 79 self-identified Christian students who participated in a between-subjects design, randomly assigned to a relationship affirmation, self affirmation, or neutral condition. Next, participants were asked to write a short essay about an issue important to them. They were then told their essay would be exchanged with another participant’s essay but instead were given a fixed essay that was critical of religion and fixed negative feedback on their own essay (i.e., a meaning threat to religious participants). Next, participants were given a chance to the rate the author of the fixed essay they read. There was a significant effect of priming condition on author rating, supporting our hypothesis that participants in the relationship affirmation condition rated the author’s essay significantly higher than participants in the neutral condition. This suggests that relationship affirmation can buffer from meaning threats and reduce worldview defensive.

Topic: Communication in Education and Healthcare
Subfield: Social Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
An Empirical Evaluation of AI-Powered Non-Player Characters' Perceived Realism and Performance in Virtual Reality Environments

Advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) have significantly enhanced the realism and interactivity of non-player characters (NPCs) in virtual reality (VR), creating more engaging and believable user experiences. This paper evaluates AI-driven NPCs within a VR interrogation simulator, focusing on their perceived realism, usability, and system performance. The simulator features two AI-powered NPCs, a suspect, and a partner, using GPT-4 Turbo to engage participants in a scenario to determine the suspect's guilt or innocence. A user study with 18 participants assessed the system using the System Usability Scale (SUS), Game Experience Questionnaire (GEQ), and a Virtual Agent Believability Questionnaire, alongside latency measurements for speech-to-text (STT), text-to-speech (TTS), OpenAI GPT-4 Turbo, and overall (cycle) latency. Results showed an average cycle latency of 7 seconds, influenced by the increasing conversational context. Believability scored 6.67 out of 10, with high ratings in behavior, social relationships, and intelligence but moderate scores in emotion and personality. The system achieved a SUS score of 79.44, indicating good usability. These findings demonstrate the potential of large language models to improve NPC realism and interaction in VR while highlighting challenges in reducing system latency and enhancing emotional depth. This research contributes to the development of more sophisticated AI-driven NPCs, revealing the need for performance optimization to achieve increasingly immersive virtual experiences.

Topic: Behavioral Health and Interventions
Subfield: Applied Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Epidemiologic Characteristics of Suicidal Behavior in Contemporary Ghana

Background: Suicidal behavior receives considerable coverage in African media. Yet, there has been limited empirical research that focuses explicitly on suicidal behavior in African societies, while comprehensive and reliable official data on the phenomenon are limited. Aims: This article contributes to the empirical research on suicidal behavior in African societies by examining police-recorded data on suicidal behavior in Ghana, West Africa. Methods: Official law enforcement data on suicidal behavior spanning 2006–2008 were analyzed to identify current patterns of suicidal behavior in the country. Results: The results indicate that the persons most prone to suicidal behavior were male, young, and poor. The most frequent methods used were hanging, the ingestion of poisons, and shooting. Conclusions: The relatively low rate of recorded suicidal behavior in the society stems partly from the tabooed and criminal aspects of the phenomenon.

Topic: Suicide and Self-Harm Studies
Subfield: Clinical Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Potential prescribing omissions in patients with cardiovascular disease

Aims Potential prescribing omissions (PPOs) of medications are a frequent form of inadequate prescription drug practices. The objective of this study was to identify PPOs in a sample of elderly patients with cardiovascular disease. Methods Quasi-experimental study. Data were collected from a population database. We included patients who were older than 65 years and had a diagnosis of hypertension, dyslipidaemia, diabetes mellitus, coronary heart disease, heart failure or atrial fibrillation in Colombia. PPOs were determined in a random sample of patients by the START-2 (Screening Tool to Alert doctors to Right Treatment) criteria. The impact of the PPO was determined after an educational intervention with the doctors who were responsible for treating said patients. Results A total of 630 patients, with a median age of 72 years (interquartile range: 68-78 years), were included; 56.2% were women. The most frequent diagnoses were arterial hypertension (94.1%, n = 593) and dyslipidaemia (56.5%, n = 356). We identified 100 patients (15.9%) with omissions equalling 139 PPOs, and the most common PPOs were due to a lack of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors in patients associated with heart failure or coronary heart disease (n = 23, 16.5%) and a lack of statins (n = 20; 14.4%) and aspirin (n = 20; 14.4%) in coronary heart disease. Prescription adjustments were achieved in 35 patients (25.2%). Conclusions Potential prescribing omissions are common in elderly patients with cardiovascular disease. Educational interventions may contribute to a reduced PPO frequency and improve the quality of prescription drug administration.

Topic: Pharmaceutical Practices and Patient Outcomes
Subfield: Geriatrics and Gerontology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
A New Predictive and Prognostic Marker for De Novo AML: Peripheral Blood CD34 (pCD34) Count at Recovery Following Remission Induction (RI) Therapy (Supp. by Ankara University-2003-0809114).

Abstract In EORTC-LCG AML-10 study patients with low CD34 mobilization profile showed a better outcome (Leukemia,2003,17:60-7). We hypothesized that patients with low pCD34 at the recovery period after RI therapy with de novo AML should have a better clinical outcome or vice versa and launched this prospective study. Between Jan 2002 and Oct 2004, 40 patients with AML (median age: 40 yrs, 17–60; 22M/18F) were enrolled to this study. Using flow cytometrical method CD34-expressing cells were measured in peripheral venous blood samples once WBC was between 1x10e9/L to 3x10e9/L at the recovery period after first RI therapy. Results: The median time for estimation of pCD34 was 23 days (7–35) after RI. The pCD34 cell count was lower in patients responding to first RI therapy (12x10e6/L vs 68x10e6/L, p=0.011). We observed a weak, but statistically significant positive correlation between CD34 expression of the blasts at diagnosis and pCD34 at recovery period (p=0.048, r2:0.322). We could not show any significant negative impact of CD34 expression of the blasts at diagnosis and response to first RI (p=0.059). Only two of 8 patients not responding to the 1st RI achieved a complete remission after re-induction. The two-year probability of OS, LFS, relapse incidence and mortality rates were 47.1%, 37.2%, 55% and 42.5%, respectively (fig 1,2). If we set up a cut-off value of 18x10e6/L for pCD34, we did not observe any impact of pCD34 on relapse incidence but the mortality rate was significantly increased in patients with high CD34+ cell count (p=0.025). Conclusion: We were able to show a positive impact of pCD34 estimations after first RI in AML patients on both remission and mortality rate. AML Patients with lower pCD34 after 1st RI tends to have a higher hematological remission rate and lower mortality. This impact of pCD34 as a predictive and prognostic marker in AML should be verified in large cohorts using multivariate analysis. Table 1: Distribution of risk factors at diagnosis according RI response Variables 1stCRafter1stRI (n=32 ) NoCR after 1stRI (n=8 ) P *p&lt;0.05; Abbr: NS: Non-Significant; ND: Not-Done pCD34 (x10e6/L) 12.4 (0–268) 68.6 (4.4–3820) 0.011* CD34 expr at dx 12% (0%–94%) 44% (9–89) 0.059 Age, years 38.5 (17–57) 43 (20–60) NS WBC at dx (x10e9/L) 11.85 (0.7–175.0) 5.10 (2.7–114.7) 0.934 EM involvement (Y/N) 7/25 0/8 NS Table 2: The outcome of AML patients according to median pCD34 at recovery Variables pCD34&lt;Med 18x10e6/kg (n=20 ) pCD34 ≥ Med 18x10.6/kg (n=20) p CR1 (Y/N) after 1st RI 19/1 13/7 0.044* Relapse incidence 44% 54.5% NS Mortality rate 25% 60% 0.025* DFS 46.19%±12.6% 29.2%±10.4 NS OS 64.95%±13.2% 35.6%±11.3 NS Figure Figure

Topic: Acute Myeloid Leukemia Research
Subfield: Hematology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Fully Digital Control of 27-Level Cascade Inverter with Variable DC Voltage Sources

Cascade multilevel inverters have been widely applied for the applications of high voltage and high power systems. The input power sources for a cascade multilevel inverter requires separate dc voltage sources, available dc sources include batteries, photovoltaic arrays and fuel cells...etc. If variations or fluctuations occur at the input voltage, the harmonic distortion of the inverter output voltage will increase. The conducting angles of switches in the conventional cascade multilevel inverters are obtained by the use of Fourier series to minimize the harmonic distortion of output voltage. The traditional method is complex and difficult to implement on a single chip, especially when the input voltage sources can not remain constant and stable. A switching control algorithm is proposed for cascade multilevel inverter with variable dc voltage sources. The proposed control combines the output voltage feedback and the feedforward voltage method to achieve dynamic control and low distortion of the inverter output voltage. Analysis, simulations and experimental results are presented to demonstrate the superiority of the proposed system.

Topic: Multilevel Inverters and Converters
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Optimizing nitrogen fertilizer for improved root growth, nitrogen utilization, and yield of cotton under mulched drip irrigation in southern Xinjiang, China

<title>Abstract</title> The root system plays a crucial role in water and nutrient absorption, making it a significant factor affected by nitrogen (N) availability in the soil. However, the intricate dynamics and distribution patterns of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) root density and N nutrient under varying N supplies in Southern Xinjiang, China, have not been thoroughly understood. A two-year experiment (2021 and 2022) was conducted to determine the effects of five N rates (0, 150, 225, 300, and 450 kg N ha<sup>− 1</sup>) on the root system, shoot growth, N uptake and distribution, and cotton yield. Compared to the N0 treatment (0 kg N ha<sup>− 1</sup>), the application of N fertilizer at a rate of 300 kg N ha<sup>− 1</sup> resulted in consistent and higher seed cotton yields of 5875 kg ha<sup>− 1</sup> and 6815 kg ha<sup>− 1</sup> in 2021 and 2022, respectively. This N fertilization also led to a significant improvement in dry matter weight and N uptake by 32.4% and 53.7%, respectively. Furthermore, applying N fertilizer at a rate of 225 kg N ha<sup>− 1</sup> significantly increased root length density (RLD), root surface density (RSD), and root volume density (RVD) by 49.6-113.3%, 29.1–95.1%, and 42.2–64.4%, respectively, compared to the treatment without N fertilization (0 kg N ha<sup>− 1</sup>). Notably, the roots in the 0-20cm soil layers exhibited a stronger response to N fertilization compared to the roots distributed in the 20-40cm soil layers. The root morphology parameters (RLD, RSD, and RVD) at specific soil depths (0–10 cm in the seedling stage, 10–25 cm in the bud stage, and 20–40 cm in the peak boll stage) were significantly associated with N uptake and seed cotton yield. Optimizing nitrogen fertilizer supply within the range of 225–300 kg N ha<sup>− 1</sup> can enhance root foraging, thereby promoting the interaction between roots and shoots and ultimately improving cotton production in arid areas.

Topic: Plant nutrient uptake and metabolism
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Singular Value Decomposition for Compression of Large-Scale Radio Frequency Signals

The paper proposes an efficient matrix factorization-based approach to large-scale radio frequency (RF) signal compression tasks. While data compression techniques can significantly reduce the storage requirements and memory bandwidths for many types of data including image and audio files, a reasonable implementation for RF signals is less explored. However, since recorded RF signals can be extremely large, they often significantly impact the storage and handling of the data. In this paper, we focus on software defined radios (SDR) that process RF signals in the in-phase (I) and quadrature (Q) time samples, which are then transformed into a time-frequency representation. We investigate the use cases of the singular value decomposition (SVD) algorithm, which reduces the dimension of the time-frequency representation of the IQ samples, forming a low-rank approximation of the original. We validate the proposed method in various lossy RF signal compression tasks that show fast and reliable compression results with acceptable reconstruction error.

Topic: Radio Astronomy Observations and Technology
Subfield: Astronomy and Astrophysics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Halodehydroxylation of alcohols to yield benzylic and alkyl halides in ionic liquids

Alcohols are widely used, and sometimes renewable, reagents but the hydroxyl moiety is a relatively poor leaving group under mild conditions. Direct nucleophilic substitution of alcohols is a desirable reaction for synthetic and process chemists. Synthesis of twelve alkyl and benzyl halides was achieved in [Bmim]PF6 (Bmim = 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium) from their parent alcohols using ammonium halides as the halogenating agents. Trends in reactivity based on the alcohol and halide were discovered. Mechanistic evidence suggests that the reaction proceeds via SN2 substitution of the hydroxyl group, which is activated via hydrogen-bonding with the acidic proton of the imidazolium cation. Also, for benzyl substrates, equilibria involving formation of dibenzyl ether complicate the reactions and reduce optimum yields. Ammonium halides are useful, solid and relatively safe reagents for the conversion of some primary alcohols to organohalides in ionic liquids (yields up to 81 %). Indanol under the same conditions yields biindenylidene (GC yield 63 %).

Topic: Ionic liquids properties and applications
Subfield: Catalysis
Field: Chemical Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Construction of lactose-utilizing Xanthomonas campestris and production of xanthan gum from whey

Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris possesses a low level of beta-galactosidase and therefore is not able to grow and produce significant amounts of xanthan gum in a medium containing lactose as the sole carbon source. In this study, a beta-galactosidase expression plasmid was constructed by ligating an X. campestris phage phi LO promoter with pKM005, a ColE1 replicon containing Escherichia coli lacZY genes and the lpp ribosome-binding site. It was then inserted into an IncP1 broad-host-range plasmid, pLT, and subsequently transferred by conjugation to X. campestris 17, where it was stably maintained. The lacZ gene under the control of the phage promoter was expressed at a high level, enabling the cells to grow in a medium containing lactose. Production of xanthan gum in lactose or diluted whey by the engineered strain was evaluated, and it was found to produce as much xanthan gum in these substrates as the cells did in a medium containing glucose.

Topic: Enzyme Production and Characterization
Subfield: Biotechnology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Evil Against Evil: Demonic Sexuality in William Friedkin’s The Exorcist

The paradoxical nature of labels like 'religious porn' and 'excruciating entertainment' that used to describe William Friedkin's film The Exorcist (1973) point to a more fundamental indeterminacy at work in a film deceptively simple in its presentation of 'Good' and 'Evil.' Yet Regan MacNeil's complexity eludes the moral binarisms often surrounding the film; her possession by the demon Pazuzu manifests a more profound indeterminacy - a fundamentally shattering initiation into sexuality that has yet to be explored in psychoanalytic approaches to the film which tend to frame her in terms of the orthodox Oedipal narrative. I will explore this idea of demonic sexuality in The Exorcist, specifically as it articulates the central event of Regan's possession and its ambiguous containment by what is, ultimately, a strongly conservative film. The presence of an obscure Assyro- Babylonian demon in a thoroughly Christian narrative of good versus evil is curious - why Pazuzu and not, say, Satan or Lucifer? As a demon invoked for protection against other demonic beings - particularly the baby-snatching Lamashtu - Pazuzu's possession of an adolescent girl already presents him as a force of indeterminacy and destabilisation. But this possession more significantly allegorises what Leo Bersani calls the 'shattering tension' of adolescent sexuality marked by 'that which is intolerable to the structured self.' Drawing on Bersani's post-Freudian contextualisation of adolescent sexuality, I will focus on Pazuzu and his particular role in Regan's possession to shed light on the shattering nature of demonic sexuality constituting the hermeneutic core of The Exorcist. A close reading will focus on the representation of this self-conflicted force in the film and its resistance to both verbalisation and containment by the contending discourses of neuroscience, psychiatry and religion.

Topic: Themes in Literature Analysis
Subfield: Literature and Literary Theory
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences