jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Sending Them Home Alive

Ideally, a museum visit is a memorable experience that affects a person's life beyond the museum's walls. To be changed in this way, however, people must be fully alive where they are; free to drop their self-consciousness, their roles and facades, their fears of knowing too little, or of needing to judge and analyze; free to allow the objects and events to become part of themselves. Over and above the design requirements and neutral architectural backdrop of an exhibit, there is the opportunity and challenge to make each space a more successful place of learning and creativity, where people get more in touch with who they really are and what they might be. The following summary of ideas gathered from research in the field of environmental psychology suggests that achieving such aliveness depends on designing an ambience with sufficient environmental stimulation to keep the brain at optimal levels of alertness by meeting at least four basic needs: movement, comfort, competence, and control.

Topic: Museums and Cultural Heritage
Subfield: Museology
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Video Streaming and Internalized Surveillance

This paper aims to develop knowledge about the complicated ways in which the modern individual uses surveillance (techniques) and the ways surveillance uses the individual. My observational analysis of a videostreaming community reveals the central role that surveillance plays in participating and becoming visible in an online environment. The results show that through disciplinary and lateral surveillance, participants produced context-defined I-narrations and formed themselves following the normative judgment of the environment. The same mechanism may be observed in other videostreaming social media environments and the modern social media-saturated society in general. This is an inconspicuous way to produce surveillant individualism. Contrary to the notion of exploitative participation, this study reveals the productive power of surveillance. My research suggests that disciplinary power is integrated into the everyday in online DIY environments and it creates the space and framework for communication in these environments. Surveillance practices offer empowering means for forming identities.

Topic: Media Studies and Communication
Subfield: Communication
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Innovation for sustainable egg production: realigning production with societal demands in The Netherlands

This paper describes an innovation trajectory for sustainability in egg production in The Netherlands in the period 2002-2012. In the approach as well as in the analyses, insights from scientific disciplines that have studied transformations towards sustainability were adopted. Central stage is the project ‘Keeping and loving hens’ and its outcome, by a variety of follow up activities, in terms of technical changes as well as rearrangements of key players in the Dutch egg sector. The ‘Keeping and loving hens’ project was meant to contribute to a change in the Dutch egg sector towards sustainability by explicating and integrating the basic needs of the hen, farmer and citizen in an interactive design process with stakeholder involvement. At the end of the project, various other projects and activities by different key players has taken place, several of which have been evaluated and published. Together they provide a detailed description of a pathway of change. The multiple design goals included income for the farmer, acceptance by the public and improved animal welfare. Analyses has shown that designing well-founded images for laying hen husbandry systems created a learning network for sustainable egg production and elicited entrepreneurial innovations which gained the support of both animal welfare and retail organisations. Furthermore, it prompted government to develop additional policy instruments to support innovation for sustainable development. By early 2012, four laying hen farms in The Netherlands had adopted the principles developed in the project including functional areas for hens, coverable runs, no beak trimming and visitor's facilities to improve local embedment. Their production represented about 0.4% of total egg production in The Netherlands. The most important outcome, however, was a realignment of key players including farmers, retail, animal welfare organizations and government. Together they contribute to a pattern of emerging supply chains characterised by improved animal husbandry at the farm level in combination with an emerging market that is prepared to pay a premium for these products.

Topic: Agriculture Sustainability and Environmental Impact
Subfield: Ecology
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
How the media representation of England’s national football captains has changed in the British press from the 1960s to today

This study investigated how the representation of England’s national football captains has changed in the British press from the 1960s to today. Such a study was important in order to identify the factors that have contributed to the specific changes within the British media. The first aim of the dissertation was to analyse the interaction between England captains and the British press. The second aim was to observe the differing levels of media coverage received by England captains and why certain captains received more attention in their specific era. The final aim was to determine the role nationalism plays in the representation of England captains. Through research into, predominantly, newspaper coverage that previous England captains have received during their respective tenures, the dissertation was able to gauge the trend each captain experienced in their private lives being increasingly made public. Literary research on celebrity culture suggests that the representations of England captains within the British media will continue to become more sensationalised and public due to the ever-changing laws in privacy within journalism and the effects of the sport star culture. Interviews with leading sports journalists enabled observations regarding the relationships that the press have with England captains and footballers in general. The findings from the research evidence the significance that the tabloidisation era have had on sports reporting as well as the importance that the captain’s armband holds for both sports journalists and the public. Ultimately, as media empires such as Rupert Murdoch’s BskyB continue to have a stranglehold over society, the amount of scrutiny that high profile footballers receive is only set to intensify.

Topic: Hermeneutics and Narrative Identity
Subfield: Philosophy
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Evaluation study of mobility management protocol in NEMO

The Internet Engineering Task Force has developed Network Mobility Basic Support Protocol. One of the important issues of network mobility management schemes is the hands-off management. This paper presents the network mobility management schemes into two classifications in order to highlight the limitation and improvement of such schema and comparing different handover techniques that have been proposed to enhance the performance during handover. Finally, some common solutions have been used to solve seamless mobility related problems were briefly investigated and evaluated. However, the researchers challenge sit side of integration of these schemes. The current trend of network mobility at IP level at a huge scale relies on the ability to offer advanced mobility management that can coexist with the presently deployed protocols.

Topic: IPv6, Mobility, Handover, Networks, Security
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Genetic Influences of Proinflammatory Cytokines on Pain Severity in Patients with Temporomandibular Disorders

This case-control study investigated single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotypes (CXC motif chemokine ligand 8 (CXCL8): rs2227306 and rs2227307 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF): rs1800629) in 85 patients with pain-related temporomandibular disorders (TMDp) and 85 controls to explore their associations with TMDp presence, pain intensity (low/high), and the presence of chronic arthralgia/myalgia. TMDp was diagnosed using a validated protocol, and polymorphisms were genotyped from buccal mucosa swabs using TaqMan assays. High pain intensity individuals had an increased risk for carrying minor allele “G” (rs2227307) and “T” (rs2227306) compared to controls (76% vs. 55.3%, p = 0.012; 72% vs. 54.1%, p = 0.030, respectively). Carriers of the minor allele “G” (rs2227307) were more prevalent in TMDp patients with arthralgia compared to controls (70.30% vs. 55.30%, p = 0.037). According to logistic regression, the most important predictors for high pain intensity were minor allele “G” of rs2227307 (OR 2.435, 95% CI 1.123–5.282), increasing age (OR 1.038, 95% CI 1.002–1.075), and female sex (OR 4.592, 95% CI 1.289–16.361). The explored gene polymorphisms were not significant risk factors for TMDp presence. These findings highlight the importance of genetic variations, particularly rs2227307, in understanding the diverse clinical manifestations of temporomandibular disorders.

Topic: Temporomandibular Joint Disorders
Subfield: Complementary and Manual Therapy
Field: Health Professions
Domain: Health Sciences
Heat Shock Protein 70 Expression Kinetics

HSP70 is well known for its major role in cardiac ischemia protection. The purpose of this study was to determine the HSP70 expression kinetics for new protocol design in cardiac surgery, based on HSP70 protection function in clinical applications. Bovine aortic endothelial cells (BAEC) were used in experiments. Cells were heated at 42°C at different time intervals up to 5 hours and subsequently incubated at 37°C for up to 48 hours. Western blot and quantitative protein analysis were performed to measure HSP70 expression. The expression kinetics is a function of thermal stress time as well as poststress time. At least three stages were identified for the kinetics curve: increasing, maximum plateau and decreasing regions. The peak HSP70 concentration is 10 times the basal level for western blot analysis in BAECs. Two hours incubator heating followed by twelve hours post-heating falls in the plateau region. This research result provides information applicable to evaluation of energy sources and heating methods to induce optimal HSP70 expression in a target tissue.

Topic: Heat shock proteins research
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
ADMM-Based Hyperspectral Unmixing Networks for Abundance and Endmember Estimation

Hyperspectral image (HSI) unmixing is an increasingly studied problem in various areas, including remote sensing. It has been tackled using both physical model-based approaches and more recently machine learning-based ones. In this article, we propose a new HSI unmixing algorithm combining both model- and learning-based techniques, based on algorithm unrolling approaches, delivering improved unmixing performance. Our approach unrolls the alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMMs) solver of a constrained sparse regression problem underlying a linear mixture model. We then propose a neural network structure for abundance estimation that can be trained using supervised learning techniques based on a new composite loss function. We also propose another neural network structure for blind unmixing that can be trained using unsupervised learning techniques. Our proposed networks are also shown to possess a lighter and richer structure containing less learnable parameters and more skip connections compared with other competing architectures. Extensive experiments show that the proposed methods can achieve much faster convergence and better performance even with a very small training dataset size when compared with other unmixing methods, such as model-inspired neural network for abundance estimation (MNN-AE), model-inspired neural network for blind unmixing (MNN-BU), unmixing using deep image prior (UnDIP), and endmember-guided unmixing network (EGU-Net).

Topic: Remote-Sensing Image Classification
Subfield: Media Technology
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
‘Neck‐only breather’ is a better term than ‘neck breather’ in algorithms and bedhead signs for the management of tracheostomy emergencies. A reply

We thank Paulich et al. for their letter recommending a change of terms used in algorithms and bedhead resources for the management of tracheostomy and laryngectomy emergencies 1. As we highlighted in the National Tracheostomy Safety Project (NTSP) multidisciplinary guidelines 2 and our more recent social media campaign around new educational resources 3, the emergency management for patients who have had a tracheostomy and those who have had a laryngectomy are fundamentally different. However, in an emergency, confusion may arise owing to a lack of staff education or experience, compounded by the occasional presence of a tracheostomy tube in situ within a laryngectomy patient's end stoma, often whilst in hospital. The increasingly frequent use of restorative voice prostheses (TEP valves) to allow laryngectomy patients to vocalise can also confuse staff, especially as many non-head and neck staff would not expect ‘vocalisation’ following laryngectomy. We agree that one way to address these potential problems is to adapt the terminology and disseminate tracheostomy and laryngectomy-related educational resources widely. Examples can be found at the NTSP website (www.tracheostomy.org.uk) with several short videos featuring laryngectomy patients ‘talking’ about their airway, how they communicate and how they alert healthcare staff that they are ‘neck-only’ breathers 4-6. However, healthcare professionals who manage patients with altered airways must also remember that around 25% of tracheostomies are performed for actual or threatened upper airway obstruction. Therefore, whilst anatomically potentially patent, a patient with a temporary tracheostomy due to an obstructed upper airway may also be a ‘neck-only’ breather, with the distinction perhaps being that this is not anatomical and hopefully not permanent. The NTSP plans to review its algorithms and key guidance over the next 12 months. We plan to consider these terms in collaboration with our patient representatives and international multidisciplinary colleagues, as we agree that the terminology needs to be clear and consistent.

Topic: Tracheal and airway disorders
Subfield: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Public Health Genetics – Challenging “Public Health at the Crossroads”

Dear public health professionals, Honestly, isn’t it time to ask whether or not we are doing “the right things”in public health? Are our present public health strategies evidence-based? The public health agenda demands a vision that reaches beyond research to the application of public health and the determination of it’s impact. In this scenario what is the role of genomics? In the past twenty years, advances in genome research have revolutionised what is known about the role of inheritance in health and disease.[1] Nowadays,we know that our DNA determines not only the cause of single-gene disorders, but also determines our predisposition to common diseases.Whereas medicine is currently undergoing extraordinary developments from its morphological and phenotype orientation to a molecular and genotype orientation, promoting the importance of prognosis and prediction, public health practice has to date concerned itself with environmental determinants of health and disease and has paid scant attention to genetic variations within the population. The advances brought about by genomics is changing these perceptions.[2,3] Many predict, that this knowledge will enable health promotion messages and disease prevention programmes to be specifically directed at susceptible individuals or at subgroups of the population, based on their genetic profile.[4,5] The new technologies will allow researchers to examine genetic mutations at the functional genomic unit level, and to better understand the significance of environmental factors such as noxious agents, nutrition and personal behaviour in relation to the causation of diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, psychiatric disorders and infectious diseases.

Topic: Nutrition, Genetics, and Disease
Subfield: Genetics
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
STUDI KOMPARATIF CENDIKIAWAN MUSLIM KLASIK DAN KONTEMPROR DALAM PEMBENTUKAN KONSEP DAN PRINSIP MAQASID AL-SYARIAH

. This study will analyze the methodology used by classical Islamic scholars in determining the concept and principles of maqāṣid alshariah. This analysis will compare the method of determining Maqasid Shariah by Muslim scholars with current scientific research methods. This research uses qualitative methodology by reviewing classical and modern scientific writings. The collected data is analyzed thematically based on inductive approach. The results of this study show that the formulation of the concept and principles of Maqasid Sharia involves the analysis of textual commands. The inductive reasoning of istiqrā' applied by Muslim scholars has similarities with thematic analysis in modern qualitative research. The results suggest basing ijtihad and fatwa on maqāṣid al-shariah through holistic textual analysis. This makes it possible to respond to new challenges through appropriate sharia laws by avoiding rigid legalism or unbridled rationalism.

Topic: Islamic Studies and Radicalism
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
De San Francisco à Chicago : les « villes de papier » de Frank Νorris

This paper seeks to examine the role played by the city in three major novels by Frank Norris: McTeague, The Octopus and The Pit. Far from being mere referential backgrounds, where poverty and misery reign supreme, Norris's cities (San Francisco and Chicago) play a specific symbolic role in each novel and this role grows increasingly complex from one book to the next. The city is a most appropriate means for the novelist to suggest and impose naturalism as he sees it—a combination of realistic verisimilitude and romantic grandioseness.

Topic: Literature and Culture Studies
Subfield: Literature and Literary Theory
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Lack of Fas and Fas-L mutations in patients with lymphoproliferative disorders associated with Sjögren's syndrome and type II mixed cryoglobulinemia.

Although it cannot be excluded that Fas and Fas-L mutations might be present in exons different from those analyzed, our data do not support the hypothesis that germline mutations in these genes are responsible for a major subset of lymphoproliferative syndromes in adult patients with SS and type II MC. Additional studies would be worthwhile in SLE-related lymphoproliferation, which is, however, a subset of limited clinical relevance when considering all cases with autoimmune-related lymphoproliferation.

Topic: Salivary Gland Disorders and Functions
Subfield: Physiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Emptiness as a Work of the Holy Spirit in the Writings of John and Charles Wesley

ABSTRACT The familiar pneumatology of John and Charles Wesley can be summarized with words like fullness, assurance, and confidence. This article examines the place of spiritual emptiness as a distinct work of the Holy Spirit in the brothers’ writings. There we find that spiritual emptiness may prompt repentance, heal what is unholy, and draw believers closer to Christ in his crucifixion. Spiritual emptiness may signify that God is completing the work of salvation. This less familiar aspect of Wesleyan pneumatology does not displace the more familiar, but it does provide nuance and balance to how we understand early Wesleyan pneumatology.

Topic: Mormonism, Religion, and History
Subfield: History
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Financial Assistance, Marketing Assistance and Export Commitment to Improve Export Performance

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the contingent relationship between government marketing assistance for export and the performance of early internationalizing firms in a developing country's low-tech industry.The authors employ hierarchical multiple regression based on the data obtained from Indonesia, a developing country and a leading exporter of apparel products worldwide. The authors used a sample of 100 early internationalizing apparel firms to test the hypotheses.Research describes the relationship between export assistance (financial and marketing assistance) and performance as direct. Recently, some researchers have suggested moderators between them. The authors argue that the relationship between the two is contingent on the level of competitive advantage. The authors find that financial assistance and marketing assistance are directly related to export performance. The relationship between financial assistance and export commitment to export performance are significantly. The effect of marketing assistance is positively, but only marginally, moderated by competitive advantage.Contrary to researchers overarching focus on a direct relationship, the authors investigate the moderation on the relationship between financial assistance and marketing assistance, and early internationalizing firm's performance in a developing country's low-tech industry setting. The authors use competitive advantage as the moderator; it is one of the most important internal determinants of export performance and extremely relevant in early internationalizing firms. The differential impact of financial and marketing assistance provides additional insights.

Topic: International Business and FDI
Subfield: Strategy and Management
Field: Business, Management and Accounting
Domain: Social Sciences
A management information model for managing fiber in the loop (FITL) ATM access systems using CMIP

Fiber In The Loop (FITL) systems are capable of supporting a variety of residential voice, data, and video services. This paper presents a network management information model based on the Common Management Information Protocol (CMIP) for managing FITL systems with switched end-to-end ATM transport capabilities. Such systems may employ very high rate Digital Subscriber Line (VDSL) or other technologies to transport ATM traffic to the premises. Our management information model is a cohesive extension of existing standards, and is suitable to support the Operation, Administration, Maintenance, and Provisioning (OAM&P) of a variety of FITL systems supporting voice, data, and video.

Topic: Multimedia Communication and Technology
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences