jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Normalization of regional cerebral blood flow in alcoholics during the first 7 weeks of abstinence

ABSTRACT— Twenty‐two institutionalized alcoholics were studied after 1, 3, 5 and 7 weeks of abstinence with measurements of the regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF), psychometric testing and clinical ratings. Twenty‐two healthy volunteers served as age‐matched controls. Mean rCBF was significantly reduced in the alcoholics at all measurements compared to the controls. The older alcoholics (median cut) showed a 9% increase of rCBF from the 1st to the 7th week ( P &lt; 0.01). The mean rCBF in these alcoholics also increased more in the right than in the left hemisphere (&lt; P &lt; 0.05) during the investigation. The differences between the alcoholics and the controls were most pronounced in the right frontal lobe. The mean flow changes were correlated to improvement in clinical state. Right hemisphere and frontal lobe flow decreases were more accentuated in older alcoholics.

Topic: Traumatic Brain Injury and Neurovascular Disturbances
Subfield: Neurology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Clinical features and therapeutic strategies for hepatogenous diabetes

Liver,which plays important role in the metabolism of saccharide,lipid,protein and so on,has long been recognized as an essential energy metabolic organ for human beings.Glucose metabolic disorders or even more,glucose tolerance decreases and diabetes may be induced in patients with variaty of chronic liver demage,espicially with liver cirrhosis.This type of diabetes,which occurring secondary to chronic hepatic parenchymal damage,is named as hepatogenous diabetes(HD).Different from type Ⅱ diabetes mellitus,HD has a much more complex pathogenesis and may be subclinical.Reports said that diabetes will aggravate and intensify liver damage in cirrhosis,which in turn leading to a high morbidity of complications like hepatic encephalopathy,spontaneous bacterial peritonitis and hepatorenal syndromes.Therefore,clinician shall design individualized treatment by improving liver functions,reducing hyperglycemia and relieving the symptoms to control progression of liver disease,acute and chronic complications of HD,which will finally improve patients' life quality and prolonging their life-time.

Topic: Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment
Subfield: Epidemiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Two-dimensional fine particle positioning under an optical microscope using a piezoresistive cantilever as a manipulator

Brill profit levels and organic growth in line with expectations, integration V&R according to plan and continuation of eBusiness growth Update on year-to-date performance During the third quarter Brill's eBusiness continued its strong growth, driven by eBooks and digital primary sources.This growth compensated for the ongoing decline in print books.YTD Journal sales declined mainly due to delayed invoicing, which is expected to be recovered in Q4, and continuing IT problems at our UK based distributor.Overall Brill's revenues including the acquisition of Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht and Böhlau Verlag (V&R) are clearly ahead of last year.Cost of goods sold improved slightly as a result of the migration from print to eBooks.Operating costs were in line with expectations.Year to date EBITDA, operating profit and net profit have developed as planned.The integration of V&R runs according to plan.Both the Brill as well as the V&R teams and staff are now part of one global matrix organization.Various integration projects in IT, production, distribution, publishing and sales are underway.Management closely leads and monitors the integration and is pleased with the progress and the results of the acquired V&R business so far.In August, Brill acquired the journal Folia Primatologica from Karger Publishing, an important addition to our Biology portfolio.At the end of Q3 Brill's Book Archive was launched, a digital archive expanding our eBook list with more than 6,000 back list titles in 2021.The first sales are expected in Q4. FY OutlookThe COVID-19 pandemic continues to make market circumstances difficult and unpredictable.In Asia important countries are still in lockdown and (intercontinental) travel is still difficult or impossible, limiting our staff to visit authors, conferences and customers in person.The shortages in the global supply chains are hampering Brill as well, to the extent that this may have a negative impact on the results of the important 4 th quarter and could affect our top-and bottom line negatively.

Topic: Genetics, Bioinformatics, and Biomedical Research
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
GP 2: Efficient Implementation of a Graph Programming Language

The graph programming language GP (Graph Programs) 2 and its implementation is the subject of this thesis. The language allows programmers to write visual graph programs at a high level of abstraction, bringing the task of solving graph-based problems to an environment in which the user feels comfortable and secure. Implementing graph programs presents two main challenges. The first challenge is translating programs from a high-level source code representation to executable code, which involves bridging the gap from a non-deterministic program to deterministic machine code. The second challenge is overcoming the theoretically impractical complexity of applying graph transformation rules, the basic computation step of a graph program.&#13;\n&#13;\nThe work presented in this thesis addresses both of these challenges. We tackle the first challenge by implementing a compiler that translates GP 2 graph programs directly to C code. Implementation strategies concerning the storage and access of internal data structures are empirically compared to determine the most efficient approach for executing practical graph programs. The second challenge is met by extending the double-pushout approach to graph transformation with root nodes to support fast execution of graph transformation rules by restricting the search to the local neighbourhood of the root nodes in the host graph. We add this theoretical construct to the GP 2 language in order to support rooted graph transformation rules, and we identify a class of rooted rules that are applicable in constant time on certain classes of graphs. Finally, we combine theory and practice by writing rooted graph programs to solve two common graph algorithms, and demonstrate that their execution times are capable of matching the execution times of tailored C solutions.

Topic: Model-Driven Software Engineering Techniques
Subfield: Software
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Development of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for serodiagnosis of human paragonimiasis.

ES antigen can be effectively used for screening large populations for paragonimiasis. In areas where both paragonimiasis and tuberculosis are endemic, suspected subjects should be screened for both the diseases because of chance of mistaken diagnosis. Correct diagnosis will avoid unnecessary costly treatment.

Topic: Parasites and Host Interactions
Subfield: Parasitology
Field: Immunology and Microbiology
Domain: Life Sciences
Interactions of molecules with nucleic acids. IV. Binding energies and conformations of acridine and phenanthridine compounds in the two principal and in several unconstrained dimer‐duplex intercalation sites

Abstract The binding positions and relative minimum binding energies are calculated for complexes of 9‐aminoacridine, proflavine, N ‐methylphenanthridinium, and ethidium in theoretically determined intercalation sites in B‐DNA (sites I and II) and in unconstrained dimer‐duplex sites. The selection of site I in B‐DNA by these compounds agrees with the theoretical interpretation of studies of unwinding angles in closed circular DNA in all cases but ethidium, which is predicted to select site II. The most stable binding positions of the acridines and ethidium in unconstrained dimer‐duplex units agree with experimental results of intercalation complexes of dinucleoside monophosphate units. Base‐pair specificity for Watson‐Crick pairing is examined. The energy of an intercalation complex is partitioned into Δ E 23 , the energy required to open base pairs BP 2 and BP 3 in B‐DNA to a site, and Δ E In , the energy change when a free molecular intercalates. Δ E 23 depends strongly on the base‐pair sequence, whereas Δ E In for the four molecules studied does not. The three most stable sequences contain (pyrimidine)p(purine) units, and this provides a rationale for the exclusive formation of crystals of intercalation complexes with these units. In spite of this selectivity, the distribution of GṁC and AṁT base pairs is equal for these three units and persists as the more unstable sequences are included. Therefore, specificity arises from the interaction between the base pairs and the 2′‐deoxyribose 5′‐monophosphate backbone for the opening of B‐DNA to an intercalation site and not from the interaction between the chromophore and the DNA.

Topic: DNA and Nucleic Acid Chemistry
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
SIMULTANEOUS DETECTION OF IMMUNOREACTIVE HCG- AND SOMATOSTATIN-CONTAINING CELLS AND THEIR GESTATIONAL CHANGES IN THE HUMAN PLACENTAL VILLI AND DECIDUA

Using double immunostaining procedures, this study clarifies the localization of immunoreactive somatostatin- and immunoreactive hCG-containing cells simultaneously in the human placental villi and decidua. Immunoreactive somatostatin-containing cells were distributed in the cytotrophoblastic monolayer and decidua, while immunoreactive hCG-containing cells distributed exclusively in the syncytiotrophoblastic layer. The immunostainability of endocrine cells in the villi reduced progressively with gestation, however this change was not detected in the decidua.The results indicate that the endocrine placenta is discriminated by a syncytiotrophoblastic layer containing tropic hormone (hCG) and a cytotrophoblastic layer containing suppressive hormone (somatostatin), and that gestation modifies the immunocytological features of the endocrine placenta. However the role of somatostatin in the placental villi and decidua remains unknown.

Topic: Pregnancy and preeclampsia studies
Subfield: Obstetrics and Gynecology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Medico-demographic situation in prisons of Volga federal district in the period of the penal system reforming

Aim. To assess tendency in medico-demographic indicators of persons held in prisons of Volga Federal District in the period of the penal system modern reforming (2006-2014).Methods. Assessment of the studied contingent quantitative and qualitative medico-demographic indicators dynamics, the most relevant for the prisons for the 2006-2014. Forecasting of studied indicators for the period up to 2017 was conducted. Intensive and extensive indicators calculation and their dynamic comparison were performed.Results. Changes of demographic indicators for the 2006-2014 period involve the total number of prisoners reduction, the proportion of women increase and the proportion of teenagers decrease, reduction the punishment serving duration, migration processes intensification. The studied contingent, which was held in the prisons of the Volga Federal District, in the vast majority (91.0%) was presented by male persons. The mean age of convicted is 30.9 years. The mean term of punishment in prisons is 7.6 years. During the 2006-2014, the constant tendency of the studied contingent mortality increase due to the continuing increase in the number of patients with socially significant diseases amid decrease of the total number of persons held in prisons was registered. In 2014, the mortality rate was 7.1‰, which is 36.5% higher than in 2006 (5.2‰). The leading causes of death were infectious and parasitic diseases (37.1%). Studied medico-demographic indicators changes had significant regional features.Conclusion. Revealed significant changes in the medico-demographic indicators of studied contingent, definitely affecting the penalty system medical service activity, dictate the necessity of considering them when adopting the strategy of medical care organization in prisons.

Topic: Healthcare Systems and Public Health
Subfield: Epidemiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
CCDC 967816: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.

Topic: X-ray Diffraction in Crystallography
Subfield: Materials Chemistry
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Challenges and Opportunities in Emergency Management of Electric Power System Blackout

With the development of industrialization and informatization, modern society is highly dependent on energy. Electric power system is fundamental for social production and daily life. Especially in urban areas, electric power network has been a key infrastructure of the lifeline, and its failure will probably paralyze the whole city. On the other hand, as population growth and urbanization, the demand for electricity is overwhelmingly increasing. Electric power network is getting larger and more complex. Meanwhile, modern electric power network is unprecedented vulnerable and modern society is faced with higher blackout risk. In order to effectively prevent blackout risk and rapidly response the blackout accident, emergency management of electric power system are responsible for preparedness, mitigation, response, and recovery of its failure. Blackout is one of the most severe accidents in electric power system failure, and is paid great attention all the time. In recent decades, many techniques have been developed for effective prevention and control of blackout. This paper analyzes the core requirements and major challenges of prevention and response of blackout. And then, some potential advanced techniques on planning, monitoring and early-warning, emergency response, etc. are introduced in view of latest research progress.

Topic: Smart Grid and Power Systems
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Study of the Potential of Educational Transfer from Grandchild to Grandparent, from the Child‟s Perspective and Agency, in a School Environment

This research acknowledges the ability of children to be active in their own learning and could promote opportunities for life-long and life-wide learning by offering school-based Intergenerational Learning Programmes. The main aim of this study was to develop a pilot intergenerational lesson with children, aged 10 to 12 years old, to enable the educational transfer of knowledge and skills from children to their grandparents or other older people in a school setting. Using the Irish Primary School‘s SPHE Curriculum as a source, the project-based research was informed, firstly, by the theories of Piaget, Vygotsky and Rogoff, and secondly, by the perspectives of the co-researchers through the use of interpretive methodology. The primary intention was to enable the children to have their voices heard, learn new skills and benefit from the confidence the process could offer them by their active participation in Educational Action Research. A mixed-method approach was employed with qualitative data, obtained from focus groups, and quantitative data collection, facilitated by a web-based questionnaire to allow for transferability.\nThe researcher posits that this study has contributed to the enhancement of skills and self-esteem of the co-researchers, as evidenced by the information obtained from the assessment of learning and project evaluation, undertaken by the children. The findings of this study indicate that there is support among children, grandparents and other older people for the development of an IG pilot lesson from a child‘s perspective and agency. This project-based initiative has developed a process, which unlike many IG projects to date, has significant involvement of children and has focused on active learning in the context of relationships.\nThe pilot lesson and website are currently a work in progress and will benefit from the on-going process of Educational Action Research. Any suggestions which enhance the skills and self-esteem of children and contribute to opportunities for life-long learning for older people are welcome through the designated pilot website www.handshakeie.weebly.com.

Topic: Intergenerational Family Dynamics and Caregiving
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Using gum arabic тo form oil-water emulsions in food products

Despite the large number of studies on using gum arabic in various fields of the food industry, little attention has been paid to the study of this stabilizer in food emulsions for beverages. In this paper, the influence of the physical and chemical properties of gum arabic when using it in food products was determined. Using the dependence theory of the emulsion stability on the ratio of water gum arabic stabilizer and the oil phase, the process of obtaining pre-emulsion and the homogenization mode of the emulsion system, the formulations of food emulsions with varied amount of stabilizers and the fat phase were developed. The results of the samples of food emulsions using different amounts of gum arabic (at the constant oil phase) and the samples of emulsions with the variable oil phase and a constant amount of gum arabic were considered in detail. The analysis of the prepared emulsion indicators, such as the measured particle size, viscosity, turbidity and dependence on the ratio of water and oil phases of the system, the process parameters, was carried out. The indicators of each emulsion were measured: viscosity by the Brookfield viscometer, particle size by a microscope EASTCOLIGHT 92012-ES (100x, 250x, 550x, 750x) , turbidity by a turbidimeter 2100P. The optimal ratio between water stabilizer and oil phase of the emulsion, which is characterized by obtaining the maximum amount of emulsion particles of up to 1 micron was determined. Emulsion has a highly reliable stability if the particle size is less than 1 micron and has some turbidity, but the more particles are smaller than 1 micron, the less turbidity is. If there is insufficient amount of stabilizer, a small number of particles larger than 1 micron is formed, leading to the appearance of “oil ring” during long-term storage. The results can form the basis for the establishment of production technology for beverage emulsions as a class of food products. Creating a stable emulsion system is a relevant issue in the food industry, that is why the studies are useful and important for the development of new food products.

Topic: Polysaccharides Composition and Applications
Subfield: Food Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Structural and functional studies of human ADAM 12 in myoblast fusion and Ebola virus VP40 in assembly

Part I:<br>ADAM 12 is a member of the growing ADAM protein family that displays a conserved domain organisation: a signal sequence, a pro-, a metalloprotease, adisintegrin, a cysteine-rich, a transmembrane and a cytoplasmic domain. ADAM proteins are found in higher eukaryotes and in most mammalian tissues, and appear to be involved in very diverse developmental processes. In this work, a number of biochemical and biophysical techniques were used to obtain structural information on the disintegrin and cysteine-rich domains of ADAM 12 for which no structural data is available. We also investigated the potential role of ADAM 12in myogenesis and found that ADAM 12 could specifically be retained, by an unknown mechanism, in a perinuclear compartment when expressed in muscle cells, and was unable to provoke myogenesis by itself. A dimerisation partner of ADAM 12 was isolated, namely ADAM 19, which could specifically bind to ADAM 12 <i>in vitro</i>.<br><br>Part II:<br>The Ebola virus matrix protein, VP40, is targeted to the plasma membrane where it is thought to induce assembly and budding of virions. Ebola virus VP40 is a monomer in solution consisting of two domains. Cellular localisation studies ofdifferent VP40 mutants showed that the C-terminal domain is required for plasma membrane association. Moreover, we showed that wild type VP40 and an N-terminally truncated form VP40 (31-326) are both released into the cell culture supernatant, when expressed in 293T cells, in vesicular structures that resemblevirus-like particles as detected by electron microscopy. These results suggest thatVP40 is sufficient for virus assembly and budding. Moreover, VP40 contains two motifs at its N-terminus, which are required for binding to an ubiquitin ligase(Nedd4) and to an inactive E2 enzyme (Tsg101),both of which are here shown to interact with VP40 <i>in vitro</i>. These interactions are believed to improve the budding efficiency.

Topic: Virus-based gene therapy research
Subfield: Genetics
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences