jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Electronic structure of Mn ions in (Ga,Mn)As diluted magnetic semiconductor

The electronic structure of Mn in the diluted magnetic semiconductor (Ga,Mn)As was studied by means of electronic and spin-flip Raman scattering. The Mn ion was found to manifest itself in three different electronic configurations: (i) neutral Mn acceptor, i.e., Mn ${3d}^{5}$ inner-shell electrons with a weakly bound valence band hole, (ii) ionized Mn acceptor, i.e., ${3d}^{5}$ state, and (iii) neutral Mn in the ${3d}^{4}$ electronic configuration. The latter state undergoes a crystal-field splitting and a Jahn-Teller effect. The energy separation between the optical dipole active sublevels of the ${}^{5}{T}_{2}$ ground state is directly measured in the dynamic Jahn-Teller-effect regime. The Mn ${3d}^{4}$ state is assumed to play an important role for the ferromagnetism observed in diluted (Ga,Mn)As.

Topic: ZnO doping and properties
Subfield: Materials Chemistry
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
TЕRMIZNING AMUDARYO ORQALI SAVDO ALOQALARI (XIX ASRNING OXIRI - XX ASRNING BOSHLARI)

Thе articlе is dеvotеd to thе tradе rеlations conductеd through Tеrmеz and its main crossing, Pattakеsar, in thе latе 19th and еarly 20th cеnturiеs. Thе articlе studiеs and analyzеs Tеrmеz’s tradе rеlations through thе Amu Darya basеd on historical and archival matеrials.

Topic: Engineering and Agricultural Innovations
Subfield: Aquatic Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
[Cervical lymph node metastasis as a primary manifestation of esthesioneuroblastoma].

A 51-year-old male patient presented with right-sided swelling of the neck and a 2-year history of decreasing olfaction that had culminated in complete anosmia. CT and MRI showed a calcified ethmoid tumor and destruction of the lamina cribrosa extending into the anterior fossa and frontal lobes. Contrast material demonstrated marked enhancement on the CT and MRI. Bilateral angiography of the external and internal carotid arteries failed to show tumor vascularity typical for an esthesioneuroblastoma but rendered an olfactory meningioma unlikely. Histological findings of cervical lymph nodes removed during neck dissection showed infiltration by an esthesioneuroblastoma (Kadish C classification). Tumor calcifications in these neoplasms are generally well seen on CT and--while not specific--may suggest the diagnosis. CT and MRI are the most sensitive methods of demonstrating local tumor growth, metastasis and bone destruction.

Topic: Head and Neck Surgical Oncology
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Carboxy terminal region of the Fanconi anemia protein, FANCG/XRCC9, is required for functional activity

Abstract Fanconi anemia (FA) is an autosomal recessive cancer susceptibility syndrome with eight complementation groups. Four of the FA genes have been cloned, and at least three of the encoded proteins, FANCA, FANCC, and FANCG/XRCC9, interact in a nuclear complex, required for the maintenance of normal chromosome stability. In the current study, mutant forms of the FANCA and FANCG proteins have been generated and analyzed with respect to protein complex formation, nuclear translocation, and functional activity. The results demonstrate that the amino terminal two-thirds of FANCG (FANCG amino acids 1-428) binds to the amino terminal nuclear localization signal (NLS) of the FANCA protein. On the basis of 2-hybrid analysis, the FANCA/FANCG binding is a direct protein-protein interaction. Interestingly, a truncated mutant form of the FANCG protein, lacking the carboxy terminus, binds in a complex with FANCA and translocates to the nucleus; however, this mutant protein fails to bind to FANCC and fails to correct the mitomycin C sensitivity of an FA-G cell line. Taken together, these results demonstrate that binding of FANCG to the amino terminal FANCA NLS sequence is necessary but not sufficient for the functional activity of FANCG. Additional amino acid sequences at the carboxy terminus of FANCG are required for the binding of FANCC in the complex.

Topic: DNA Repair Mechanisms
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Effect of Irrigation Techniques and Quantities on Kalamata Olive Trees under North Sinai Conditions

This study was carried out during three successive seasons, (2013, 2014 and 2015) in a private orchard located in North Sinai governorate, Egypt.The study was conducted on 10 years old Kalamata olive trees planted at 6 X 6 m apart grown in sandy soil, under drip irrigation system and uniform in shape and received the common horticultural practices.The aim of this study was conducted to evaluate Kalamata olive trees irrigation techniques which involve two types (whole root-zone irrigation -alternate partial root-zone irrigation) and three levels of regulated deficit irrigation values based on crop evapotranspiration (irrigated with 100%, 80% and 60% of ETc).The obtained results indicate that alternate partial root-zone irrigation increased vegetative growth, number of inflorescences per shoot, number of perfect flowers, crop yield, fruit oil content and fruit quality characteristics as compared with whole root-zone irrigation technique.On the other hand, the previous parameters recorded strong correlation with the highest level of irrigation treatments (100% ETc control treatment) while, regulated deficit irrigation with 60% of ETc recorded the lowest values in these respect while 80% ETc treatment came in between.In general alternate partial root-zone irrigation technique saved at least 20% of irrigation water as compared with whole root-zone irrigation and improving water use efficiency.

Topic: Irrigation Practices and Water Management
Subfield: Soil Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
A comparison of breast lesion imaging capability of a whole-body PET camera and a brain/breast PET camera

PET scanners have been used for the diagnosis, staging, and management of a variety of malignancies, including breast cancer. However, despite the powerful molecular imaging nature of PET, the resolution and sensitivity of current PET cameras practically limit the detection of breast lesions to relatively large lesion (≫7 mm) and high tracer uptakes. Improvements in spatial resolution and sensitivity of PET cameras are essential for early detection of small breast lesions (≪5 mm) which is critical to the early detection and successful treatment of breast cancer. Recently, we have completed the construction of a high-resolution and high-sensitivity PET camera (HOTPET). HOTPET has spatial resolution of better than 3 mm and can operate in the whole-body mode or breast/brain mode. In the whole-body mode HOTPET has transverse field-of-view (FOV) of 60 cm and axial FOV of 13 cm. In the breast/brain mode it has transverse FOV of 39 cm and axial FOV of 21 cm. We have performed a detailed phantom study of the breast lesion detection capability of HOTPET in both modes using a breast phantom with lesion insert. The breast phantom was attached to a torso phantom with lung, liver, spine and cardiac inserts. We scanned 2 small lesions with diameter of 4.95 and 7.86 mm for several lesion activity contrasts. The standard uptake value (SUV) of lesion was in range of 1 to 10. The SUV of the breast, torso and heart were 0.8, 1, and 4, respectively. Visual inspection of the images showed that the small 4.95-mm lesion with SUV of 2.5 or higher was observable in HOTPET breast mode data and with SUV of 5.5 or higher in the whole-body mode data. The 7.86 mm lesion was observable with SUV of 1.75 in breast mode and SUV of 2.5 in whole-body mode.

Topic: Medical Imaging Techniques and Applications
Subfield: Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Emotions on Bengali Blog Texts: Role of Holder and Topic

The paper presents an approach to identify the emotions of the bloggers on different topics provided in the Bengali blog documents. The rule based identification of emotion holders and topics along with their corresponding emotional expressions forms the baseline system. A Support Vector Machine (SVM) based supervised framework is also employed to identify the three components from the blog sentences and it outperforms the baseline system. As the topic of a document is not always conveyed at the sentence level, the similarity between a document's overall topic and sentential topic is measured through semantic clustering approach. Two different approaches are adopted to identify the many to many relationships among the holders and topics on Ekman's six emotions. One is based from the perspectives of the holders and other is with respect to topics. The two way evaluation of Ekman's six emotions achieves precision, recall and F-Score of 65.02%, 76.23% and 70.18% for 10 bloggers and 71.02%, 78.47% and 74.55% for 8 different topics on 512 test sentences respectively.

Topic: Sentiment Analysis and Opinion Mining
Subfield: Artificial Intelligence
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
G. N. POTANIN AS A POLITICAL THINKER: THE EXPERIENCE OF POLITICAL AND TEXTUAL ANALYSIS OF JOURNALISM OF THE 1870–1880S

Aim . To identify and show the democratic, integrative and educational nature of the political ideas of the Siberian democratic regionalists (regionalists) movement founder – G. N. Potanin in the 1870s–1880s. Methodology. The main tool for studying the political thought of G. N. Potanin is a political and textual analysis of journalistic works in the period of his early work, which fell on the 1870–1880s. Results. The main directions of the political narrative of the ideological world of the Siberian democratic regionalism classic are established. The federalist orientation of G. N. Potanin’s views was revealed, as well as the concept of harmonization of relations between the central and regional authorities in the socio-political ideological heritage of the famous Siberian. Research implications . From a theoretical point of view, the ongoing research is significant for further knowledge of the socio-political thought history in pre-revolutionary Russia. The results obtained can be of practical importance for development and improvement of the doctrines of regional and national policy, especially in order to integrate the new subjects (the recognized republics of Donbass) into a single home state.

Topic: Discourse Analysis and Cultural Communication
Subfield: Cultural Studies
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Relationship between Membership in Honors College and Participation in High-Impact Activities and Perceived Gains

This research study investigated the relationship between membership in the Honors College and senior-level students’ self-reported involvement in high-impact educational activities and their perceived gains from their college experience. This quantitative study analyzed secondary data from the National Survey of Student Engagement (NSSE) collected from senior-level students in Spring 2017 at a large, four-year, public research institution in the southeast United States.\nA logistic regression analysis was used to explore the relationships between the involvement in high-impact educational activities and Honors College membership. The relationship between Honors College membership and several high-impact activities were found to be significant (p&lt;.05), which included participation in a leadership role, study abroad, research with faculty and a senior capstone experience. Since membership in Honors was found to significantly contribute to participation in four out of the six high-impact practices listed in NSSE, it could be said that generally, at the particular institution in this study, Honors students are more likely than Non-Honors students to participate in high-impact learning activities.\nThen, a multiple linear regression analysis of the relationship between Honors College membership and the students’ perceived gains was conducted, controlling for possible extraneous demographic, pre enrollment, and enrollment variables. There were no statistically significant relationships between any of the perceived gains and membership in the Honors College. Implications for practice and working with Honors students in higher education were discussed.

Topic: Higher Education Research Studies
Subfield: Education
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Recurrence of Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) in the Renal Allograft; an Update

Patients with primary focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) have a high risk of disease recurrence post renal transplantation; this is usually characterised by significant proteinuria and associated with poor graft survival. FSGS recurrence is a challenging medical condition, not only because there is no recognised predictor of FSGS recurrence in the allograft, but also because there are no available international guidelines for treatment of this condition which add more mystery to the dilemma created by this vague syndrome. Our work aimed to draw the attention to the latest available evidence addressing recurrence of FSGS in the renal allograft, in an attempt to improve our understanding of this condition. This also helps to guide the future studies towards the promising approaches in diagnosis and management of this condition. Ultimately this will result in better graft survival and lower the demands for another renal transplant giving the universal shortage of transplantable organs.

Topic: Renal Diseases and Glomerulopathies
Subfield: Nephrology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Concise Review: Tissue-Specific Microvascular Endothelial Cells Derived From Human Pluripotent Stem Cells

Abstract Accumulating evidence suggests that endothelial cells (ECs) display significant heterogeneity across tissue types, playing an important role in tissue regeneration and homeostasis. Recent work demonstrating the derivation of tissue-specific microvascular endothelial cells (TS-MVECs) from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) has ignited the potential to generate tissue-specific models which may be applied to regenerative medicine and in vitro modeling applications. Here, we review techniques by which hPSC-derived TS-MVECs have been made to date and discuss how current hPSC-EC differentiation protocols may be directed toward tissue-specific fates. We begin by discussing the nature of EC tissue specificity in vivo and review general hPSC-EC differentiation protocols generated over the last decade. Finally, we describe how specificity can be integrated into hPSC-EC protocols to generate hPSC-derived TS-MVECs in vitro, including EC and parenchymal cell coculture, directed differentiation, and direct reprogramming strategies. Stem Cells 2014;32:3037–3045

Topic: Pluripotent Stem Cells Research
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Shale’s Big Sand Switch Is Delivering Dollars, But Not Eroding All Concerns

Where shale producers in Texas are getting their proppant has turned out to be one of the sector’s most significant market transformations since the onset of the oil industry’s downturn. The 4-year movement toward using regional sands from within the state has been a major economic win for the operators leading it. The production results are encouraging. Supply chains are more efficient. Yet, there remain long-term concerns. Distinguished by their roundness and high-crush strengths, northern white sands from the US Midwest had served as the ubiquitous proppant of choice for much of the unconventional revolution—supplying 75% of the sector’s frac sand in 2014. Then crude prices collapsed. Northern white sand accounts for just over 40% of today’s market. Nearly a quarter of the supply now comes from within the Permian Basin thanks to more than a dozen new in-basin sand mines that opened within the past year. The additional supplies have forced the premium northern white sand suppliers in the US Midwest into price parity with the regional sands in Texas. However, without the need for cross-country rail shipments from Wisconsin or other northern states, the all-in cost of the Texas alternatives is actually about 60% less—amounting to a reduction of $40–$50 per ton. Previously, operators avoided the use of these regionals sands due to their lower quality. The fear was that their more brittle grains tend to compact quicker, cutting off hydrocarbon flow from within the fractured reservoir. But for the most intense horizontal well designs that use 40 to 50 million lbs of sand, the arbitrage can amount to more than $1 million of freed up capital per well. “The way I look at it is, if you can save that much money, then it doesn’t take very long until you’ve already funded a new well,” said Scott Forbes, a proppant expert with the consultancy Wood Mackenzie. Forbes has been visiting the in-basin mines in Texas and speaking with buyers for the past year. In terms of production issues, he has heard of isolated cases where improper sand cleaning operations at some of the new mines may have contributed to poor well completions. Overall though, the sentiment Forbes has picked up on from the shale patch is that the gains outweigh any losses seen so far. Companies that were the first to switch to regional sands “are pretty well sold on it,” he shared, adding that their gains are creating pressure on the hold-outs to follow suit. The big sand shift started early on in the downturn as producers in Texas sought economic refuge by “debundling” their reliance on service companies and sourced brown sands (i.e., Brady or Hickory Sands) directly from mines in the central part of the state. The second act—the arrival of the in-basin operations—is solidifying the transition sooner than many anticipated.

Topic: Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics
Subfield: Global and Planetary Change
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
AN EXAMINATION OF THE ROLE FOR LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTS IN THE NO CHILD LEFT INSIDE MOVEMENT

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS First, thank you to my beautiful bride, Patrice, and my precious boys, Addison and Weston. Without your constant encouragement, I could never have completed this chapter of our adventure together. Patrice, your support and sacrifice during these crazy five years have enabled me to pursue my dream and I cannot begin to describe how grateful I am and how much I love you. Addison and Weston, love God, pursue his dreams for your life, and always be willing to learn something new. I extend my sincere appreciation to my professors at UTA who served on my thesis committee: Pat Taylor, my thesis advisor and committee chair, for your encouragement and guidance through the thesis process; David Hopman, for your insight, support, and desire to prepare your students for success in the profession; and, Gary Robinette, for your encouragement, love of the profession, and, especially, for opening my eyes to the incredible breadth and opportunity in the profession of landscape architecture. I would also like to thank the other professors who have contributed to my

Topic: Hermeneutics and Narrative Identity
Subfield: Philosophy
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Recycling Asphalt Pavements, Chester, Virginia

This report describes a project in which approximately 6,200 tons (5,630 Mg) of asphaltic concrete were recycled through a conventional asphalt batch plant. During the construction of the project, a buildup of asphalt-coated fines occurred in the dryer and the dust collector. The buildup is thought to have been associated with the fineness and/or the high asphalt content of the recycled mix. To solve the problem, a change was made in the recycling process. The project was completed using a heat transfer method with mix proportions as high as 50% recycled material added to 50% virgin aggregate.\n

Topic: Asphalt Pavement Performance Evaluation
Subfield: Civil and Structural Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Psychological Responses to Stress in Complex Organizations

Appreciation for irrational individual and organizational characteristics is fundamental to the ability to "enter"and comprehend the true significance of interpersonal and organizational behavior. Efforts to better comprehend human performance in complex bureaucratic organizations must acknowledge the impact of irrational psychological defensiveness on administrative behavior. The authors construct a conceptual model of psychological responses to stress in bureaucratic organizations in which they illustrate the dynamic, interactive relationship between stress, self-esteem, and psychological defenses aimed at alleviating anxiety, and the ability to act responsibly.

Topic: COVID-19 and Mental Health
Subfield: Clinical Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
ANALYSIS OF PERFORMANCE RESULTS OF PJSC "SBERBANK OF RUSSIA"

Public joint-stock company (PJSC) "Sberbank of Russia" is one of the leading credit institutions in the Russian Federation. This is achieved through wise managerial decisions and a successful management system. PJSC "Sberbank of Russia" is a universal commercial bank that provides its clients with more than 100 various services related to raising funds for deposits: lending, cash and settlement services, dealing, brokering, securities transactions, etc. All the main financial indicators that characterize the activities of PJSC "Sberbank of Russia" for the reporting year demonstrate a steady growth. The analysis allows to conclude that the financial state of PJSC "Sberbank of Russia" are stable, and the positions taken in the banking service market are the leading ones.

Topic: Economic and Technological Developments in Russia
Subfield: Development
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
EFFECT OF THE VEGETATION AND SUBSURFACE WATER LEVEL ON NITROGEN REMOVAL IN A FIVE-STAGE VERTICAL FLOW CONSTRUCTED WETLAND

In this study, the effect of the vegetation and subsurface water level on nitrogen removal was elucidated based on two years performance obtained in a real scale vertical flow constructed wetland consisting of five-stage treatment. Neither presence of the vegetation and half-saturated condition had significant positive effect on nitrogen removal in the first year operation. It needs one year operation to stabilize ammonification and nitrification process and presence of the vegetation offered a significant improvement of TN removal in the second year. Stimulation of nitrogen removal was significant at downstream treatment stage among five-stage, resulting in a high overall nitrogen removal in the second year operation. This tendency was obvious especially in the vegetated condition regardless of the subsurface water level, suggesting no significant effect of half-saturated condition. Based on the variation of annual nitrogen removal through five-stage treatment, potential mechanisms of effect of the vegetation and subsurface water level on nitrogen removal were discussed.

Topic: Constructed Wetlands for Wastewater Treatment
Subfield: Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences