jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Assessment of quality of life using the menopause rating scale in women aged 40 to 59 years Evaluación de la calidad de vida en mujeres de 40 a 59 años mediante la escala MRS (menopause rating scale)

Background: Climacteric symptoms have a direct relationship with biological and sociocultural factors and significantly impair the quality of life of women. Aim: To assess quality of life and factors affecting it in women aged 40 to 59 years. Material and methods: The Menopause Rating Scale (MRS) was applied to 370 healthy women aged 49 ± 6 years, that accompanied patients to public hospitals in Santiago. Results: Forty four percent of women were postmenopausal and 6% used hormone replacement therapy. Half of the group had less than 12 years of formal education and 67% had a couple. The mean number of children was 2.8 ± 1.5. Total MRS score was 16.2 ± 8.5. The higher score was given by the psychological domain (7.7 ± 4.4), followed by the somatic domain (5.8 ± 3.5). The urogenital domain had the lowest score (2.7 ± 2.9). Eighty percent of women had moderate to severe climacteric symptoms. A logistic regression analysis showed that the postmenopausal condition was the factor that caused

Topic: Aging, Health, and Disability
Subfield: Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
CORR Insights®: Are There Differences in Pain Reduction and Functional Improvement Among Splint Alone, Steroid Alone, and Combination for the Treatment of Adults With Trigger Finger?

1Postdoctoral Fellow, Leni & Peter W. May Department of Orthopaedics / Institute for Healthcare Delivery Science, Department of Population Health Science & Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA B. Z. Stern ✉, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Department of Population Health Science & Policy, 1 Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1077, New York, NY 10029, USA, Email: [email protected] This CORR Insights® is a commentary on the article "Are There Differences in Pain Reduction and Functional Improvement Among Splint Alone, Steroid Alone, and Combination for the Treatment of Adults With Trigger Finger?" by Atthakomol and colleagues available at: DOI: 10.1097/CORR.0000000000002662. The author certifies that there are no funding or commercial associations (consultancies, stock ownership, equity interest, patent/licensing arrangements, etc.) that might pose a conflict of interest in connection with the submitted article related to the author or any immediate family members. All ICMJE Conflict of Interest Forms for authors and Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research® editors and board members are on file with the publication and can be viewed on request. The opinions expressed are those of the writer, and do not reflect the opinion or policy of CORR® or The Association of Bone and Joint Surgeons®.

Topic: Orthopedic Surgery and Rehabilitation
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
ELISA for Determination of Human Growth Hormone: Recognition of Helix 4 Epitopes

Human growth hormone (hGH) signal transduction initiates with a receptor dimerization in which one molecule binds to the receptor through sites 1 and 2. A sandwich enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay was developed for quantifying hGH molecules that present helix 4 from binding site 1. For this, horse anti‐rhGH antibodies were eluted by an immunoaffinity column constituted by sepharose‐rhGH. These antibodies were purified through a second column with synthetic peptide correspondent to hGH helix 4 , immobilized to sepharose, and used as capture antibodies. Those that did not recognize synthetic peptide were used as a marker antibody. The working range was of 1.95 to 31.25 ng/mL of hGH. The intra‐assay coefficient of variation (CV) was between 4.53% and 6.33%, while the interassay CV was between 6.00% and 8.27%. The recovery range was between 96.0% to 103.8%. There was no cross‐reactivity with human prolactin. These features show that our assay is an efficient method for the determination of hGH.

Topic: Growth Hormone and Insulin-like Growth Factors
Subfield: Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Anesthetic effects of varying doses of Fentanyl combined with spinal Bupivacaine in caesarean delivery

&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Spinal opioids have gained popularity in recent years as they augment the analgesia produced by local anesthetics. Fentanyl is one of the opioids used for such purpose however the optimal dose has not been described adequately in the literature available so far in our setup. The aim of this study is to find out the effect of adding various doses of Fentanyl to low dose hyperbaric Bupivacaine intrathecally.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Materials and methods&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Seventy-five parturients scheduled for caesarean delivery were randomly allocated into three groups (Bupivacaine-Fentanyl) BF10, BF20 and BF30 who received intrathecal 0.5% hyperbaric Bupivacaine 1.6 ml with Fentanyl 10µg, 20 µg and 30 µg respectively. Total volume was made to 2.2ml by adding normal saline. The outcomes measured were peak sensory level, degree of motor block, quality of intraoperative anesthesia, duration of effective analgesia, neonatal APGAR score and side effects were noted if any.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Peak sensory level and degree of motor block was similar in all the groups. Peak sensory level (Thoracic Dermatome) was 4.52± 0.82, 4.32± 0.62 and 4.32± 0.74 (p=0.540) in BF10, BF20 and BF30 respectively. Degree of motor block was not significantly different (p=1.000). Quality of intraoperative anesthesia improved from BF10 to BF20 (P=0.040) but did not improve significantly from BF20 and BF30 (P=0.189). Duration of effective analgesia prolonged as the dose of Fentanyl increased which was in minutes 173.64±41, 216.80±32 and 273.16±35 (p=0.000) in BF10,BF20 and BF30 respectively. Neonatal APGAR scores were similar in all groups and very little adverse effects in higher doses.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt; &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The combination of 1.6 ml of 0.5% hyperbaric Bupivacaine and 20 µg of Fentanyl intrathecally provides excellent surgical anesthesia, prolonged postoperative effective analgesia with very few side effects. Increasing the dose of Fentanyl beyond it could prolong the postoperative pain relief but at the cost of increased adverse effects.&lt;/p&gt;

Topic: Anesthesia and Pain Management
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Parameter Optimization and Analysis Method for Determination of Natural Gas Hydrate by Powder X-ray Diffraction

Gas hydrate is a form of non-stoichiometric clathrate compound which is produced by hydrocarbon gas molecules and water molecules at high pressure and low temperature. Usually under atmospheric pressure and room temperature, the hydrate sample is easy to decompose and thus the analysis must be carried out at low temperature. The analysis conditions of powder X-ray Diffraction for natural gas hydrate is the focus of this study. The influencing factors (i.e., increment, scan speed, cumulative number, and the temperature) were systematically studied to optimize the analytical parameters. As a result, a powder X-ray Diffraction method to measure the crystal structure of gas hydrate is proposed. This method has been used successfully to measure the crystal structure of the hydrate samples from both the laboratory and the Pearl River Mouth basin in the South China Sea. The results show that the hydrate samples have a similar cubic crystal structure. Both the gas hydrate from the Pearl River Mouth basin in the South China Sea and the synthetic methane hydrate in the laboratory belong to the type I hydrate and have unit cell parameters of 11.9309×10-10 m and 11.9135×10-10 m, respectively. This method can be used to obtain the structural information of gas hydrate, and will provide a technical support for further research of gas hydrate in China.

Topic: Methane Hydrates and Related Phenomena
Subfield: Environmental Chemistry
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
The use of a solid target irradiated by a high-power laser pulse as a source of cold gas for laser heating experiments. Memorandum report

The goal of these experiments is to provide a modestly warm plasma which is contained in a magnetic well suitable for future fast compression experiments. Presently, as part of the LINUS Program at NRL, terms of a Cusp magnetic field are presented. Results are reported of efforts to create such a ''puff of gas'' by irradiating a polyethylene target with 1.06 micrometer radiation from a Q-switched Nd/glass laser.

Topic: Laser-induced spectroscopy and plasma
Subfield: Mechanics of Materials
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
The Correlates of Change in International Financial Regulation

With which political and economic variables is change in international financial regulation robustly associated? I undertook multivariate regression analysis of this question using a quantitative measure of the regulation of international financial transactions. The measure was created by coding the laws of 64 nations. The associations between change in international financial regulation and measures of long-run economic growth, corporate taxation, government expenditures, and income inequality are estimated, using the models, methods, and data of Batro (1991), Deininger and Squire (1996a), Leamer (1983, 1985), and Levine and Renelt (1992). The findings point to a new agenda for research on international financial regulation.

Topic: Fiscal Policies and Political Economy
Subfield: Economics and Econometrics
Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance
Domain: Social Sciences
Risk evaluation and prevention of China’s investment in countries along the belt and road

The Belt and Road Initiative is a major Initiative proposed by Chinese President Xi Jinping in 2013. Research on the risk prevention and control of China’s financial investment in countries along the Belt and Road has become a very hot topic in the world. This research focuses on the risk evaluation methods and prevention and control countermeasures of China’s foreign investment under the Belt and Road Initiative. First, based on the analysis of the existing studies on economic investment evaluation, an intuitionistic fuzzy multi-attribute evaluation method based on entropy method and G1 method is proposed. The essence of the proposed method is to combine the intuitionistic fuzzy set theory with subjective and objective evaluation methods, which improves the disadvantage of the original evaluation method taking too much subjective factors into consideration. This study applies the proposed method to the economic risk evaluation of China’s outward foreign direct investment (OFDI), constructs a 17-indicator economic risk system, and uses this method to rank the importance of the 17 indicators. The more important contribution is that this paper not only achieves improvements at the theoretical level and innovation at the practical level, but also condenses the research conclusions into three pieces of countermeasures and suggestions on China’s investment in countries along the Belt and Road. This research can provide theoretical support for Chinese government to make financial investment decisions in countries along the Belt and Road, and can also help countries along the Belt and Road to actively integrate into the Belt and Road Initiative, and promote the high-quality social and economic development of the countries along the Belt and Road.

Topic: International Business and FDI
Subfield: Strategy and Management
Field: Business, Management and Accounting
Domain: Social Sciences
Point of care biliary ultrasound in the emergency department (BUSED) predicts final surgical management decisions

Objectives Gallstone disease is a common reason for emergency department (ED) presentation. Surgeons often prefer radiology department ultrasound (RUS) over point of care ultrasound (POCUS) because of perceived of unreliability. Our study was designed to test the hypothesis that POCUS is sufficient to guide the management of surgeons treating select cases of biliary disease as compared to RUS. Methods This was a prospective cohort study. Patients who presented to the ED with abdominal pain and findings of biliary disease on POCUS were included. The surgeon was then presented the case with POCUS only and recorded their management decision. Patients then proceeded to RUS, were followed through their stay, and analysis was performed to analyze the proportion of patients where the introduction of the RUS changed the management plan. Results 100 patients were included in this study, and all received both POCUS and RUS. Depending on the surgeons’ POCUS based management decisions, the patients were divided into three groups: (1) surgery, (2) duct clearance, (3) no surgery. Total bilirubin was 34±22 mmol/L in the duct clearance group vs 8.4±6.5 mmol/L and 16±12 mmol/L in the surgery and no surgery groups, respectively (p&lt;0.05). POCUS results showed 68 patients would have been offered surgery, 21 offered duct clearance, and 11 no surgery. In 90% of cases, the introduction of RUS did not change management. The acute care surgeons elected to operate on patients more frequently than other surgical subspecialties (p&lt;0.05). Conclusions This study showed that fewer than 10% of patients with biliary disease seen on POCUS had a change in surgical decision-making based on the addition of RUS imaging. In uncomplicated cases of biliary disease, relying on POCUS imaging for surgical decision-making has the potential to improve patient flow. Level of evidence II Prospective Cohort Study.

Topic: Ultrasound in Clinical Applications
Subfield: Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Isotropic Spectral Additive Models of the Covariogram

Summary A class of additive covariance models of an isotropic random process is proposed, motivated by the spectral representation of the covariance function. Model parameters are estimated by using a special case of the minimum norm quadratic estimation estimator, whose asymptotic moments have convenient expressions in terms of spectral densities. Fitting a model in this class is equivalent to fitting an additive model of the spectral density. The class of spectral additive models proposed is dense in the set of summable covariance functions having a spectral density, allowing approximately unbiased estimation of an arbitrary covariance function and its spectral density. Theoretical results are supported by numerical comparison with commonly used models. A procedure to assist model selection is proposed. The techniques are illustrated with an application to contaminant data.

Topic: Statistical Methods and Inference
Subfield: Statistics and Probability
Field: Mathematics
Domain: Physical Sciences
Clinical and molecular analysis of human reproductive disorders in Brazilian patients

Several genes that influence the development and function of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal-axis (HPG) have been identified. These genes encode an array of transcription factors, matrix proteins, hormones, receptors, and enzymes that are expressed at multiple levels of the HPG. We report the experience of a single Endocrinology Unit in the identification and characterization of naturally occurring mutations in families affected by HPG disorders, including forms of precocious puberty, hypogonadism and abnormal sexual development due to impaired gonadotropin function. Eight distinct genes implicated in HPG function were studied: KAL, SF1, DAX1, GnRH, GnRHR, FSHbeta, FSHR, and LHR. Most mutations identified in our cohort are described for the first time in literature. New mutations in SF1, DAX1 and GnRHR genes were identified in three Brazilian patients with hypogonadism. Eight boys with luteinizing hormone- (LH) independent precocious puberty due to testotoxicosis were studied, and all have their LH receptor (LHR) defects elucidated. Among the identified LHR molecular defects, three were new activating mutations. In addition, these mutations were frequently associated with new clinical and hormonal aspects, contributing significantly to the knowledge of the molecular basis of reproductive disorders. In conclusion, the naturally occurring genetic mutations described in the Brazilian families studied provide important insights into the regulation of the HPG.

Topic: Hypothalamic control of reproductive hormones
Subfield: Reproductive Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Potential use of<i>Mucor circinelloides</i>for the biological control of certain helminths affecting livestock reared in a care farm

A preliminary study to evaluate the possibilities of biological control procedures against parasites affecting livestock reared in a care farm has been conducted. Adults with mental disabilities were involved in spreading the spores of the filamentous fungus Mucor circinelloides directly onto the faeces, or as a food additive. In the first assay, the spores were sprayed directly onto the faeces of piglets and calves parasitised by roundworms (Ascaris suum) and liver flukes (Fasciola hepatica), respectively. In the second assay, the spores were mixed with on-farm mash feed. Participation of the adults in the experiments was fully satisfactory. In the manure sprayed Mucor spores, the viability of eggs of roundworms and flukes reduced by 53% and 74%, respectively. Significant reductions of viability of eggs of Ascaris (60%) and Fasciola (67%) in the faeces of piglets and calves given mash feed-added Mucor spores were achieved, which demonstrates their ability to survive in the digestive tract of the animals. It is concluded that biological control of parasites could be helpful to decrease the risk of infection in animals reared by intellectually disabled adults in a care farm, and it could motivate them to accomplish new tasks.

Topic: Helminth infection and control
Subfield: Small Animals
Field: Veterinary
Domain: Health Sciences
A Fast Anticollision Algorithm with Early Adjustment of Frame Length for the EPCglobal UHF Class-1 Generation-2 RFID Standard

This paper develops a fast algorithm to identify a large number of tags in a short period of time duration in RFID systems. The main goal of the proposed algorithm is to meet the requirement in supply chain management. In this paper, we derive mathematical model to analyze the tag identify process. Based on the analysis, we can decide the optimal frame length and when the current read round is early ended. We find that the optimal frame length should be set to 1.72 times of the number of tags when the ratio between collision-slot duration and empty-slot duration is 4. Through the use of early adjustment of frame length, the RFID interrogator examines the fitness of frame lemgth only at three time slots in each read round. The primary advantage of our algorithm is the ability to achieve a good compromise between throughput performance and computation complexity.\n

Topic: RFID technology advancements
Subfield: Media Technology
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
SXT-related integrating conjugative element and incC plasmids in Vibrio cholerae O1

Objectives: The objective of this study was to investigate the extent of resistance patterns and associ-ated mobile genetic elements in epidemic V. cholerae O1 El Tor strains isolated from Eastern Africa in the late 1990s. Methods: Self-transmissible genetic elements and associated clusters of genes encoding resistance were detected by conjugation experiments. Detection of SXT-related integrating conjugative elements (ICEs) and associated antibiotic resistance genes was performed by PCR to amplify the SXT element-integrase gene (int), right SXT element-chromosome junction (attP-prfC) and genes conferring resist-ance to chloramphenicol (floR), sulfamethoxazole (sulII), streptomycin (strA) and trimethoprim (dfrA1). Genomic relatedness was established by random amplified polymorphic DNA patterns. Results: Of 224 strains analysed, 200 isolates exhibited resistance to four or more antimicrobials. An IncC plasmid, encoding resistance to ampicillin, chloramphenicol, streptomycin, sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim, conferred multidrug resistance to 113 strains isolated from Somalia and Ethiopia, whereas an SXT-related ICE, encoding resistance to chloramphenicol, streptomycin, sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim, conferred multidrug resistance to 74 strains isolated from Sudan, Kenya and Tanzania. Conclusions: This study has shown the spread of SXT-related ICEs among V. cholerae O1 African iso-lates. It has also highlighted the role of two distinct genetic elements in conferring multiple resistance to the two distinct groups of V. cholerae O1 strains that, in the late 1990s, spread through Eastern Africa, a critical geographic region for the persistence and transmission of cholera to the entire continent.

Topic: Vibrio bacteria research studies
Subfield: Endocrinology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
HIGH ACCURACY MEASUREMENT CAPABILITIES INTEGRATED INTO RECLOSERS FOR MV POWER NETWORKS

This paper presents the study of uncertainty on a recloser with high accuracy capabilities in the measurements of electric quantities. The fundamental elements of the recloser will be presented and the proposed uncertainty analysis will be described. It will be shown that the uncertainty evaluated using experimental results is correctly within and numerically consistent with the uncertainty interval evaluated using the procedures reported in the Guide to the expression of Uncertainty in Measurements (GUM). This procedure will be proposed for inclusion in the upcoming IEEE P1878 Standard “Measurements on Electric Power Systems: uncertainty evaluation and expression”. The main conclusion of this paper is that the aforementioned procedure can be used successfully for forecasting the accuracy specifications in the design of new power systems.

Topic: Lightning and Electromagnetic Phenomena
Subfield: Astronomy and Astrophysics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Unmanned Ground Vehicle State Estimation using an Unmanned Air Vehicle

Unmanned Air Vehicles (UAVs) have several advantages and disadvantages compared with Unmanned Ground Vehicles (UGVs). Both systems have different mobility and perception abilities. UAV systems have extended perception, tracking, and mobility capabilities compared with UGVs. UGVs have more intimate mobility and manipulation capabilities. This paper presents the research that has been conducted in the collaboration of UAVs and UGVs. This research demonstrates the use of a passive UAV system for tracking and state estimation of a UGV. This paper presents the UAV sensors and avionics, the algorithms for combining the UGV kinematics equations, and the geo-positioning algorithms used on the UAV to form a robust UGV state estimation. Experimental results are presented.

Topic: Guidance and Control Systems
Subfield: Aerospace Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences