jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Cholesterol, macrophages, and gene expression of TGF-beta 1 and fibronectin during nephrosis

Hypercholesterolemia aggravates experimental progressive glomerular injury. Evidence suggests the infiltrating glomerular macrophage (M phi) is a potential effector mechanism for the noxious effects of hypercholesterolemia. Because transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta 1 is secreted by activated M phi s and also stimulates fibronectin production by glomerular cells, we evaluated the kinetics of gene expression for these moieties in glomeruli isolated from nephrotic rats at 3, 7, 11, and 42 days after the delivery of puromycin aminonucleoside (PA). We also assessed whether cholesterol feeding, which raises the glomerular M phi number, alters the glomerular mRNA levels for TGF-beta 1 and fibronectin. Glomerular mRNA levels for TGF-beta 1 and fibronectin in nephrotic rats exhibited a biphasic temporal pattern, decreasing significantly below control at 3 and 7 days after PA but increasing significantly at 11 and 42 days after PA. The upregulated gene expression for TGF-beta 1 and fibronectin at 11 days after PA temporally corresponded to the phase of mesangial M phi infiltration in this model. Cholesterol feeding to both normal and nephrotic rats significantly increased glomerular TGF-beta 1 and fibronectin mRNA levels at 11 days after PA. Immunohistochemical labeling for M phi s and intracellular TGF-beta 1 demonstrated both mesangial and cortical interstitial localization with the TGF-beta1-positive cells possessing M phi nuclear morphology. These findings identify a novel interaction between hypercholesterolemia, augmented glomerular M phi accumulation, and upregulated glomerular TGF-beta 1 and fibronectin gene expression. These perturbations within the acutely injured glomerulus constitute an early pathobiological determinant for the later development of mesangial matrix expansion and glomerulosclerosis.

Topic: Chronic Kidney Disease and Diabetes
Subfield: Nephrology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
LHD FPellet #61255.1

Fueling Pellet Injectors (FPellet): Inject hydrogen isotope pellets into core plasma to control plasma density. The in-situ pipe gun type 20-barrel injector and the screw extruder type repetitive pellet injector are integrated.

Topic: Soil Geostatistics and Mapping
Subfield: Environmental Engineering
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Towards a silicon monolithic suspension

The thermal noise of the main optics is a fundamental limit to the sensitivity of present and future gravitational waves interferometers. To reduce it, the next generation of interferometers will adopt larger mirrors and cryogenic solutions. To reach this goal, it is important to identify suitable materials for substrates and suspensions. That means not only materials with good thermal, mechanical and optical properties, but also materials that allow extended substrates and thin, long and strong fibers. Sapphire is a good candidate and it is already used in the KAGRA experiment, but it is hard to work and polish and is very expensive. Moreover, the production of substrates larger than 20 cm in diameter presents many difficulties. A very promising alternative candidate is silicon. With present work, we report the status of the R&amp;D project on silicon monolithic suspension, the results obtained so far on bers produced with three methods and the strategies to improve them. We also present a protocol to characterize silicon bulks under cryogenic conditions before installation and the control system to reduce the seismic noise on the suspended substrates.

Topic: Mosquito-borne diseases and control
Subfield: Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Supply Chain Performance Analysis of Dow Jones Industrial Average Indexed Firms and Top 50 Supply Chain Firms

ABSTRACT Operations and Supply Chain Management (OSCM) courses may cover supply chain strategies, supply chain classification, and supply chain performance. Familiarity with various manufacturing and logistics firms would help students to better understand such topics. Information on the Dow Jones Industrial Average indexed firms and top 50 supply chain firms by Gartner is easily accessible and typically covers a variety of industries from chemical, food/beverage, high‐tech to retail, to name a few. Instructors of OSCM courses can take advantage of this kind of information to discuss industry characteristics and supply chain classification. We present how to collect financial data, calculate supply chain metrics (e.g., inventory turns, profit margin, and cash‐to‐cash cycle) by building a spreadsheet model and creating an earns‐turns matrix, which prescribes supply chain classification. We also show how to analyze supply chain performance and describe industry characteristics based on the earns‐turns matrix. We provide vital questions and takeaways for instructors to lead and wrap‐up discussions. Students claim that they appreciated learning about industry characteristics and different supply chain strategies through the earns‐turns matrix analysis.

Topic: Supply Chain and Inventory Management
Subfield: Management Information Systems
Field: Business, Management and Accounting
Domain: Social Sciences
Blood metabolite levels in pregnant ewes as indicators of nutritional status

The ewes requirments for energy and protein increase rapidly during the last two months of pregnancy and particularly in the final few weeks. A major limitation to the use of changes in liveweight or condition score as indices of the adequacy of nutrition during late pregnancy is that they provide information only in hindsight. By the time an inadequate weight gain or an excessive loss of condition has been recognised an irreparable production penalty may have been incurred. A more immediate assessment of the adequacy of contemporary nutrition is afforded by the measurement of circulating concentrations of certain blood metabolites. The objective of this experiment was to compare the effects of seven dietary treatments in ewes carrying twins on the pattern of plasma β-hydroxy-butyrate, glucose, albumin and urea levels in the last month of pregnancy and their relationship with energy and crude protein intakes.

Topic: Reproductive Physiology in Livestock
Subfield: Agronomy and Crop Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Dulcan’s Textbook of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry

Preface. Additional resources. Part I: A Developmental View of Assessment. Assessing infants and toddlers. Assessing the preschool-age child. Assessing the elementary school--age child. Assessing adolescents. Part II: Diagnosis and Approaches to Assessment. Classification of psychiatric disorders. The process of assessment and diagnosis. Diagnostic interviews. Rating scales. Pediatric evaluation and laboratory testing. Neurological examination, electroencephalography, and neuroimaging. Psychological and neuropsychological testing. Part III: Developmental Disorders. Intellectual disability (mental retardation). Autism spectrum disorders. Developmental disorders of learning, communication, and motor skills. Part IV: Axis I Psychiatric Disorders of Behavior. Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Oppositional defiant disorder and conduct disorder. Substance abuse and addictions. Part V: Axis I Mood and Anxiety Disorders. Depression and dysthymia. Bipolar disorder. Generalized anxiety disorder, specific phobia, panic disorder, social phobia, and selective mutism. Separation anxiety disorder and school refusal. Posttraumatic stress disorder. Obsessive-compulsive disorder. Part VI: Psychoses. Early onset schizophrenia. Part VII: Disorders Affecting Somatic Function. Obesity. Anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa. Tic disorders. Elimination disorders. Sleep disorders. Part VIII: Special Topics. Evidence-based practices. Child abuse and neglect. HIV and AIDS. Bereavement and traumatic grief. Ethnic, cultural, and religious issues. Youth suicide. Gender identity and sexual orientation. Aggression and violence. Genetics: fundamentals relevant to child and adolescent psychiatry. Part IX: Special Clinical Circumstances. Psychiatric emergencies. Family transitions: challenges and resilience. Psychiatric aspects of chronic physical disorders. Children of parents with psychiatric and substance abuse disorders. Legal and ethical issues. Telepsychiatry. Part X: Somatic Treatments. Principles of psychopharmacology. Medications used for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Antidepressants. Mood stabilizers. Antipsychotic medications. Alpha-adrenergics, beta-blockers, benzodiazepines, buspirone, and desmopressin. Medications used for sleep. Electroconvulsive therapy, transcranial magnetic stimulation, and deep brain stimulation. Part XI: Psychosocial Treatments. Individual psychotherapy. Parent counseling, psychoeducation, and parent support groups. Behavioral parent training. Family therapy. Interpersonal psychotherapy for depressed adolescents. Cognitive-behavioral treatment for anxiety disorders. Cognitive-behavioral therapy for depression. Motivational interviewing. Systems of care, wraparound services, and home-based services. Milieu treatment: inpatient, partial hospitalization, and residential programs. Part XII: Consultation. School-based interventions. Collaborating with primary care. Juvenile justice. Index.

Topic: Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
Subfield: Clinical Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Aggregation response of &lt;i&gt;T&lt;/i&gt;. &lt;i&gt;infestans&lt;/i&gt; fifth instar nymphs exposed to an exuviae suspension.

&lt;p&gt;The arena was a square box half-painted with the exuviae suspension. A: painted surface, B: unpainted surface.&lt;/p&gt;

Topic: Insect Resistance and Genetics
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Oratio Niciæ Athenienses hortantis, ut expedetione(!) adversus Siciliam desisterent, ex Thuc. L. VI. Capp. IX-XIV. In Svecanam translata linguam, quam ... præside Mag. Joseph. Otto. Höijer ... p. p. opellæ auctor Nicol. Gust. Åström a sacris, Stipend. Reg. Vestm.-Dalec. In Audit. Gust. die XVI Junii MDCCCXXIX. H. P. M. S.

Oratio Niciae Athenienses hortantis, ut expedetione(!) adversus Siciliam desisterent, ex Thuc. L. VI. Capp. IX-XIV. In Svecanam translata linguam, quam ... praeside Mag. Joseph. Otto. Hoijer ... p. p. opellae auctor Nicol. Gust. Astrom a sacris, Stipend. Reg. Vestm.-Dalec. In Audit. Gust. die XVI Junii MDCCCXXIX. H. P. M. S.

Topic: Classical Antiquity Studies
Subfield: Anthropology
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Theory of Non-linear Susceptibility and Correlation Length in Glasses and Liquids

Within the framework of the effective potential theory of the structural glass transition, we calculate for the p-spin model a static nonlinear susceptibility related to a four-point density correlation function, and show that it grows and diverges in mean field with exponent $γ=1/2$ as the mode coupling critical temperature T_c is approached from below. When T_c is approached from above, we calculate within the mode coupling framework a dynamic nonlinear susceptibility and show that there is a characteristic time where the susceptibility is a maximum, and that this time grows with decreasing T. We find that this susceptibility diverges as T_c is approached from above, and has key features in common with the ``displacement-displacement susceptibility'' recently introduced to measure correlated particle motion in simulations of glass-forming liquids.

Topic: Material Dynamics and Properties
Subfield: Materials Chemistry
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Humans as Data

The fear of humans abusing technology to control others and the sociopolitical order has been at the heart of many dystopian stories. This fear is also at the heart of Watch_Dogs 2, where the centralized city-wide management system made by the Blume Corporation, called ctOS, has become the basis for all things online. Over the course of the story, the player becomes part of the hacktivist group DedSec, who uncover and disclose the manipulative usage of the internet by Blume and other tech corporations.
The oppressive system of surveillance, automated data collection, and (social) media manipulation is presented in detail during the main and side missions of the game. These missions criticize current topics of interest regarding internet and data security by referencing specific events and addressing important, underlying issues. The game also includes gameplay aspects where players are able to experience and perform the power of the system first-hand.
However, textual analyses of the narrative and the ludic elements reveal contradictions and incoherencies between gameplay design and the narrative’s intended criticism caused by the interplay of narrative storytelling and gameplay elements. The result is a split of atmosphere between story and gameplay, creating the impression that Watch_Dogs 2 has two contradicting personalities, which ultimately subvert its own dystopian criticism.

Topic: Digital Games and Media
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Gate Length Scaling in High fMAX Si/SiGe n-MODFET

The performances of strained channel Si/Si0.6Ge0.4 nMODFETs as a function of gatelength have been investigated experimentally at 300K . The direct-current, microwave and noise performances of devices with gatelengths ranging from 0.5 µm to 0.1 µm are presented. Maximum oscillation frequency fMAX of 158 GHz is obtained for a 0.1 X 100 µm with fT = 42 GHz and a minimum noise figure NFmin = 0.5 dB at 2.5 GHz showing the potential of SiGe technology. The dependence of small signal, and noise parameters on gatelength and biases has been analyzed to assess the impact of non stationary transport and of short channel effects on the device behavior.

Topic: Semiconductor Quantum Structures and Devices
Subfield: Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Abstract 105: Diagnostic Accuracy of MRI in Spontaneous Intra-cerebral Hemorrhage (DASH) - Final Results

Background: The optimal diagnostic evaluation for patients with a spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) or intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) remains controversial. We aimed to assess the utility of early magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the diagnosis and management of these patients. Methods: Consecutive patients with spontaneous ICH or IVH were prospectively enrolled in this NIH funded study. Patients were excluded if they had a known (pre-existing) ICH source, a known inability to undergo MRI (e.g. pacemaker) or a Glasgow coma scale score ≤5. In addition to non-contrast brain CT and laboratory testing (including a toxicology screen and EKG), patients underwent gadolinium-enhanced MRI/MRA. Catheter angiography was pursued if the patient met pre-specified criteria. Survivors returned for a 90 day follow-up clinic visit with a repeat MRI. Based on clinical admission data and the initial head CT a presumed ICH cause was assigned by the treating neurocritical care/stroke neurologist. A choice was made out of 12 pre-specified etiologies. After subsequent review of the MRI, the neurologist was given the opportunity to modify the presumed ICH cause. The ‘gold standard’ ICH etiology was determined by a panel of two outside, independent and blinded ICH clinician experts after review of the complete medical record, first without the MRI results, reference standard 1 (RS1), and then with the MRI results, reference standard 2 (RS2). Changes in diagnostic category, diagnostic confidence and management were systematically recorded. The diagnostic yield of MRI was determined for each of the 12 diagnostic categories. Results: 180 consecutive patients were prospectively enrolled. All patients underwent at least one MRI. No adverse events occurred during MRI acquisition. In 20 patients the MRI was obtained after surgical hematoma evacuation. Mean age was 62±17 years, 47% were female, and 71% had a history of hypertension. Median (IQR) GCS was 14 (10-15). Median and mean ICH volumes were 12 mL (4-35) and 24 (±28) mL. Hematoma location was lobar in 46% and deep in 39% of patients; 43% had associated IVH. Based on RS2, the final ICH diagnosis was hypertension in 44% and cerebral amyloid angiopathy in 13% of patients. MRI led to a change in diagnostic category in 14% of patients using RS1 as the reference, and 18% using RS2. MRI resulted in an improvement in diagnostic confidence in an additional 23% and 26% of patients, respectively. Management was changed in 13% of patients. Within diagnostic categories, the yield of MRI was highest for establishing diagnoses of ICH secondary to cerebral venous thrombosis (56%), ischemic stroke with hemorrhagic transformation (43%), cerebral amyloid angiopathy (35%), neoplasms (33%), and vascular malformations (31%). Conclusions: The results of this study demonstrate substantial additive clinical benefit of early routine MRI in patients with spontaneous ICH and/or IVH.

Topic: Intracerebral and Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Research
Subfield: Neurology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
SH0958637.09FU

UNITE provides a unified way for delimiting, identifying, communicating, and working with DNA-based Species Hypotheses (SH). All fungal ITS sequences in the international nucleotide sequence databases are clustered to approximately the species level by applying a set of dynamic distance values (<0.5 - 3.0%). All species hypotheses are given a unique, stable name in the form of a DOI, and their taxonomic and ecological annotations are verified through distributed, web-based third-party annotation efforts. SHs are connected to a taxon name and its classification as far as possible (phylum, class, order, etc.) by taking into account identifications for all sequences in the SH. An automatically or manually designated sequence is chosen to represent each such SH. These sequences are released (https://unite.ut.ee/repository.php) for use by the scientific community in, for example, local sequence similarity searches and next-generation sequencing analysis pipelines. The system and the data are updated automatically as the number of public fungal ITS sequences grows.

Topic: Peanut Plant Research Studies
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
From neglect to re-discovery: Language and identity amongst Spanish migrants in the United Kingdom

This article explores the relationship between language and identity in the context of post-war European migration as it relates to a group of Spaniards who settled permanently in Hampshire and Dorset between 1950 and 1974. Using oral history testimonies and data extracted from Spanish migrant periodicals published in the United Kingdom during the 1970s and early 1980s, the article focuses on the tension between the maintenance of the Spanish mother tongue and the acquisition of English, the majority language of the host country, arguing that a considerable language shift towards English has taken place, which may only now begin to be reversed given the increasing popularity that the Spanish language and Hispanic cultures are currently enjoying in Anglo-speaking cultural contexts.

Topic: Diaspora, migration, transnational identity
Subfield: Demography
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Supplementary Figure 1 from Preclinical Evaluation of the Supercritical Extract of &lt;i&gt;Azadirachta Indica&lt;/i&gt; (Neem) Leaves &lt;i&gt;In Vitro&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;In Vivo&lt;/i&gt; on Inhibition of Prostate Cancer Tumor Growth

&lt;p&gt;PDF - 113K, Fractionation of SENL was performed using a Kinetex C18 column on a Shimadzu HPLC system. The experiments were performed in triplicate; a representative HPLC chromatogram of SENL is shown.&lt;/p&gt;

Topic: Essential Oils and Antimicrobial Activity
Subfield: Food Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Development of Si-APD Timing Detectors for Nuclear Resonant Scattering using High-energy Synchrotron X-rays

A timing detector with silicon avalanche photodiodes (Si‐APDs) has been developed for nuclear resonant scattering using synchrotron x‐rays. The detector had four pairs of a germanium plate 0.1mm thick and a Si‐APD (3 mm in dia., a depletion layer of 30‐μm thickness). Using synchrotron x‐rays of 67.4 keV, the efficiency increased to 1.5% for the incident beam, while the efficiency was 0.76 % without the germanium converters. A measurement of SR‐PAC on Ni‐61 was executed by using the detector. Some other types of timing detectors are planned for x‐rays of E>20 keV.

Topic: Radiation Detection and Scintillator Technologies
Subfield: Radiation
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
A MAPS-based Digital Electromagnetic Calorimeter for the ILC

A novel design for a silicon-tungsten electromagnetic calorimeter is described, based on Monolithic Active Pixel Sensors (MAPS). A test sensor with a pixel size of 50x50 um2 has been fabricated in July 2007. The simulation of the physical sensor is done using a detailed three-dimensional charge spread algorithm. Physics studies of the sensor are done including a digitisation algorithm taking into account the charge sharing, charge collection efficiency, noise, and dead areas. The influence of the charge sharing effect is found to be important and hence needs to be measured precisely.

Topic: Mechanical and Optical Resonators
Subfield: Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Anti-Aliasing Digital Predistortion for Nonuniform-Sampling-Rate Concurrent Dual-Band Transmitters

This paper presents an anti-aliasing nonuniform-sampling-rate digital predistortion (DPD) for concurrent dual-band transmitter. The aliasing effect for the low-sampling-rate band of the transmitter is analyzed and incorporated into the DPD model. A two-dimensional anti-aliasing memory polynomial (2D-A <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> MP) DPD model is proposed and a parallelled-branch architecture is adopted for the low-sampling-rate band. In addition, a series of experiments were performed on a 1.9 GHz- 2.6 GHz dual-band power amplifier (PA). The model accuracy of the proposed 2D-A <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> MP model was improved by 3.6-5.8 dB compared with the DPD scheme without considering the aliasing effect.

Topic: Advanced Power Amplifier Design
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences