jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Computing and evaluating factor scores.

A variety of methods for computing factor scores can be found in the psychological literature. These methods grew out of a historic debate regarding the indeterminate nature of the common factor model. Unfortunately, most researchers are unaware of the indeterminacy issue and the problems associated with a number of the factor scoring procedures. This article reviews the history and nature of factor score indeterminacy. Novel computer programs for assessing the degree of indeterminacy in a given analysis, as well as for computing and evaluating different types of factor scores, are then presented and demonstrated using data from the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Third Edition. It is argued that factor score indeterminacy should be routinely assessed and reported as part of any exploratory factor analysis and that factor scores should be thoroughly evaluated before they are reported or used in subsequent statistical analyses.

Topic: Cognitive Abilities and Testing
Subfield: Experimental and Cognitive Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Adult Feeding and Oviposition ofPhytomyza ilicicola(Diptera: Agromyzidae) in Response to Leaf and Tree Phenology

The influence of leaf phenology on host discrimination by Phytomyza ilicicola Loew was explored in the laboratory by examining the influences of leaf age-shoot position on adult feeding and oviposition and leaf age only (independent of relative leaf position on expanding shoots) on adult feeding. The relationship between adult feeding and shoot phenology among trees was also examined in 10 American hollies, Ilex opaca Aiton , growing under natural forested conditions. Three age-position classes of leaves were recognized on new growth in the spring: young folded leaves at shoot tips, expanding leaves at midshoot, and fuIly expanded hardening leaves at the base of shoots. For leaf age-position, feeding by adult P. ilicicola was similar on expanding leaves and fully expanded leaves and 3.6 times greater on shoot tip leaves than on expanding and fully expanded leaves. For leaf age independent of position, feeding by adult P. ilicicola was 9 times greater on expanding leaves than on fully expanded leaves and 20.7 and 2.2 times greater, respectively, on shoot tip leaves than on fully expanded leaves and expanding leaves. Oviposition was independent of leaf age and position on new shoots. There was no relationship between tree phenology and intensity of feeding under natural conditions.

Topic: Insect and Pesticide Research
Subfield: Insect Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Key Points in Prostate Cancer Diagnosis

Our target point within this following steps, is prostate cancer. Prostate cancer is classified structurally, by its Gleason Score. Phosphatases are implicated in differents cell alterations, including proliferation, differentiation and carcinogenesis. In specific life circumstances, proteins are regulators with implications in intracellular signaling pathways. Alterations in phosphatases functionality represent a key point in malignancy development. We try within our description, to focus on an important process refering to dysregulation of phosphatase activity. More than, we will discuss therapeutic key points refering to compounds that inhibits phosphatase proteins with implications in carcinogenesis. Researchers try to investigate and to conclude on prostate cancer using also genomic analyses, clinically useful biomarkers and imagistic methods. So finally after folowing describtion steps, purposed aim is to conclude on prostate cancer and different key points abordation.

Topic: Cancer, Lipids, and Metabolism
Subfield: Cancer Research
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Split-Capacitor Five-Level Transformerless Grid Connected Single Phase PV System using Level Shifted PWM Technique

This paper proposes Level shifted Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) methods for single phase transformerless Multi Level Inverter (MLI). Many of the existing topologies have high variations in Common Mode Voltage (CMV) and high leakage current. The proposed topology with level shifted PWM technique for five level single phase MLI, reduces the variations in CMV, minimizes the leakage current according to VDE0126-1-1 standard and the reduced number of switches makes the losses less than the conventional topologies. This topology reduces the current THD. Finally, simulations are carried in MATLAB/Simulink for different inverter topologies.

Topic: Multilevel Inverters and Converters
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Wide-angle and high-efficiency acoustic retroreflectors enabled by many-objective optimization algorithm and deep learning models

By redirecting the incident wave energy back toward the source or sensor, retroreflectors mitigate signal losses, render a higher signal-to-noise transmission with improved sensing performance, and are highly desirable in acoustic applications such as remote sensing and detection, medical ultrasound imaging, and underwater communications. In this paper, we propose a different and efficient approach to realize a wide-angle high-efficiency retroreflector that is based on the design frame of acoustic metagrating. By integrating a many-objective optimization algorithm with a deep learning neural network, we construct a comprehensive and efficient optimization framework to intelligently design the metagrating so that its seven different diffraction orders work synergistically to realize the intended high-efficiency retroreflection functionality over a broad and continuous range of incident angles. Compared with the existing approaches based on corner cubes, Luneburg lenses, or dual-layer metasurfaces, the single-layer configuration of the retroreflector has a relatively simple unit-cell structure and can be easily extended to higher working frequencies. Both the proposed design paradigm itself and the high-performance retroreflector configuration may find applications in various scenarios including ultrasonic detection and imaging, music performance monitoring, and underwater communications.

Topic: Acoustic Wave Phenomena Research
Subfield: Biomedical Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Electron microscopy studies of PZT ferroelectric film capacitor structures

Lead zirconium titanate films (Pb (Zr,Ti) O 3 or PZT) are being considered for potential application as dielectric films in memory technology due to their high dielectric constants. PZT is a ferroelectric material which shows spontaneous polarizability, reversible under applied electric fields. We report herein some results of TEM studies on thin film capacitor structures containing PZT films with platinum-titanium electrodes. The wafers had a stacked structure consisting of PZT/Pt/Ti/SiO 2 /Si substrate as shown in Figure 1. Platinum acts as electrode material and titanium is used to overcome the problem of platinum adhesion to the oxide layer. The PZT (0/20/80) films were deposited using a sol-gel method and the structure was annealed at 650°C and 800°C for 30 min in an oxygen ambient. XTEM imaging was done at 200KV with the electron beam parallel to &lt;110&gt; zone axis of silicon. Figure 2 shows the PZT and Pt layers only, since the structure had a tendency to peel off at the Ti-Pt interface during TEM sample preparation.

Topic: Ferroelectric and Piezoelectric Materials
Subfield: Materials Chemistry
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Trading legality with precaution: Preliminary impacts of management plans and forest certification in the Cameroonian forests.

As of mid-2008, 63 of the 101 available forest management units (FMUs) in Cameroon were managed according to approved management plans, and seven FMUs had received a FSC certification. This paper provides a preliminary assessment of the volumetric and financial variations incurred by logging companies and by the government when adopting both the management plans and the FSC regulations. The full adoption of sustainable, or at least precautionary, values into approved management plans could reduce available volumes of the most harvested species by 17%, while foregone revenues for the State could amount to about 18%. The financial losses incurred by both the State and logging companies by fully adopting improved forest management in Cameroon should deserve more attention, if viable alternative options are to be found and resistance to reform diminished.

Topic: Agriculture and Rural Development Research
Subfield: Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Measuring the motion similarity in video indexing

Recent growth in the number of digital videos available motivates the development of video databases for the efficient management of these videos. Common video databases use image information calculated from key frames such as color, texture, shape to index videos, and only few of them are capable to store and retrieve motion information. In this paper we present a method for automatic motion based video indexing and retrieval. A prototype system has been developed, which automatically splits a video into shorter unit called shots, extract representative frames from each shot and estimates motion information in the neighborhood of the r-frame with the phase correlation method. A query can be an extracted motion information of a short sample image sequence, or a quantitatively given motion intensity in five region of the frame.

Topic: Video Analysis and Summarization
Subfield: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Tournament and non-tournament anglers have little effect on a largemouth bass population compared to natural mortality

Popularity of bass (Micropterus spp.) catch and release and tournament angling during the past decade has resulted in increased potential for these activities to induce population level effects. Understanding capture rates and mortality sources relative to total population mortality is essential to focus of management. We conducted monthly electrofishing, solicited non-tournament angler tag returns, and censused largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) tournaments at Brushy Creek Lake, Iowa, USA, from April 2015 to June 2018. We used a multistate mark–recapture model to evaluate the effects of air temperature, water temperature, tournament bass per angler, and tournament initial mortality on non-tournament and tournament angler capture probability and natural, non-tournament angling, and initial and delayed tournament mortality. Average total annual mortality was 0.66 with natural mortality representing the largest mortality source (0.57) followed by delayed tournament mortality (0.06), non-tournament angling mortality (0.02), and initial tournament mortality (0.006). Our results reveal both non-tournament and tournament angling mortality are low compared to natural mortality in some lakes. Therefore, cumulative angling mortality likely has minimal population level effects on some bass populations.

Topic: Fish Ecology and Management Studies
Subfield: Nature and Landscape Conservation
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Rhodium Dopants on Zn<sub>2</sub>GeO<sub>4</sub> Surfaces as Active Sites for Photocatalytic Water Splitting

Abstract Doping has been widely used to engineer efficient photocatalysts for the water‐splitting process in energy conversion and storage systems. Although composition tuning through heteroatom doping is one of the strategies to enhance photoactivity, the origin of the increased activity by doping remains unclear and most illustrations of its role fall in the band engineering area. Herein, it is reported that the rhodium dopants on the surface of Zn 2 GeO 4 , which affect the band structure negligibly, can act as active sites for water splitting. As a result, the Rh δ+ /Zn 2 GeO 4 photocatalyst demonstrates excellent stability for up to 460 days and significant enhancement of the photocatalytic activity to that of the undoped photocatalyst. The findings in this work may open the door for a rethink of the detailed principles of dopants in photocatalysis, and highlight a feasible route to fabricating efficient photocatalysts.

Topic: Advanced Photocatalysis Techniques
Subfield: Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment
Field: Energy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Simulation of Defense Distribution Region West (DDRW) Regional Freight Consolidation Center (RFCC)

This is a simulation analysis of the proposed mechanization design of the Regional Freight consolidation center (RFCC) at the San Joaquin site of the Defense Logistics Agency (DLA) Defense Distribution Region West (DDRW). An increase in expected workload at that site due to depot consolidation, along with the addition of consolidation and Containerization Point (CCP) functions to the RFCC, has caused extensive changes to the design. The purpose of this analysis was to evaluate the mechanization design, identify any design problems, and recommend solutions or possible improvements. Three major areas of concern were identified in the analysis. First, expected value analysis showed two automated guided vehicles (AGVs) could not handle the workload from the palletization stations. The AGV path was redesigned to allow four vehicles. The second problem was inadequate throughout capacity at parcel data collection. Expected value and simulation analysis of this area indicated the number of workstations should be increased from six to nine. The third area of concern involved the assignment of lines to customers on the main carton sorter. The simulation demonstrated that how this assignment was made was critical to the efficient operation of the sortation system. Therefore, the person making these assignments must be well trained and decision aids should be developed to support this critical task.

Topic: Hermeneutics and Narrative Identity
Subfield: Philosophy
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
The dynamic organization of the neuronal postsynaptic membrane

This thesis explores the dynamic organization of glutamate receptors and membrane lipids in the postsynaptic membrane of neurons. It aims to understand how the arrangement of these components influences synaptic transmission and brain function. The study utilizes advanced super-resolution microscopy techniques to visualize and track individual molecules at the nanoscopic scale. The thesis begins with an overview of the importance of membrane composition in protein organization within the postsynapse. It highlights the challenges in studying this field and introduces the use of super-resolution microscopy for visualizing protein and lipid distribution. A protocol for single-molecule localization microscopy is presented to examine the subsynaptic localization of synaptic proteins. Next, the focus shifts to the dynamics of lipids and proteins within the synaptic membrane. The thesis delves into a methodology for tracking individual molecules in living cells and the subsequent analysis of their movement and diffusion. Simulated trajectories are employed to optimize experimental parameters for studying complex molecular organization. The subsequent chapters investigate specific glutamate receptor subtypes. Chapter 5 examines the AMPA receptor, particularly the GluA3-containing subtype. The distribution and dynamics of GluA3-containing AMPARs are compared to GluA1-containing AMPARs within the postsynaptic membrane. Chapter 6 focuses on the metabotropic glutamate receptor mGluR5, exploring its distribution and dynamics in relation to the postsynaptic density. The perisynaptic localization of mGluR5 and its significance are described. Chapter 7 explores methods for studying the dynamic organization of membrane lipids. This includes analyzing lipid diffusion behavior and distribution patterns, as well as investigating the effects of altering lipid composition on receptor organization. Overall, the thesis provides valuable insights into the nanoscale organization of glutamate receptors and membrane lipids in the postsynaptic membrane. It enhances our understanding of synaptic architecture and its impact on synaptic transmission and brain function.

Topic: Lipid Membrane Structure and Behavior
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Blistering erysipelas in a black patient

Blistering erysipelas bullosa constitutes a rare and severe variant of erysipelas, which is rarely reported in the medical literature. It is an acute inflammation of the epidermis and superficial lymphatics. The diagnosis is usually clinical. We report the case of blistering erysipelas of the lower limb complicated by sepsis in a young immunocompetent obese female. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case being reported from sub-Saharan Africa. We recommend a high index of suspicion of this rare disease in a patient with suspected skin lesions and predisposing factors.

Topic: Streptococcal Infections and Treatments
Subfield: Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Corona Location in Transformers by Radio Frequency Spectrum Analysis II. Application of Technique and Results of Measurements

This paper gives a detailed account of the practical application of the technique of corona location in transformers by radio frequency spectrum analysis. The measurements are similar to the usual NEMA corona measurements taken at the bushing tap with a radio noise meter, except an X-Y recorder is used to plot the corona frequency spectrum and a current probe used at the neutral. The theory outlined in Part I is verified by extensive measurements taken from a model transformer using a pulse generator to represent a corona source, and by computer analysis of simulated transformer networks and by practical results.

Topic: Aerosol Filtration and Electrostatic Precipitation
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
OBTENCIÓN DE CEBOLLA DE BULBO Allium cepa L. CON BAJO NIVEL DE ACEITE VOLÁTIL PROPANOTIAL

The study points towards the obtaining of onion Alliums bulb stock L, with lowpropanotial volatile oil content, by means of the hydroponic production, using differentÂ single concentrations in the nutrients that contain Sulphur (S), because theÂ generation of the propanotial is bound to the presence of this one. The propanotial,Â when making contact with the water, is disturbed giving propane, sulfuric acid andÂ sulphydric acid. This last one created is the cause of the tear reaction. Also sulphurÂ is bounded to the generation of alitosis by means of the substances dipropildisulphurÂ or alilpropildisulphur. It had 6 beds (Long (125 cm.), wide (105 cm.), depth (10 cm.))Â that contained a substrate sand mixture and rice husk, the density of sowing wasÂ varied between (10x10) and (20x20). The beds were divided in two lines (To and B),Â being To which counted on nutrition without lack of Sulphurs and the B with SulphurÂ deficiency in the feeding. Beddings were seeded and they were nourished during aÂ period of three months. The harvest was made and it was begun to take the datareferring to the weight, polar and equatorial diameter, ph and brix degrees, a sensorialÂ analysis was also made on the basis of the tests of kruskal-walls. The form of theÂ onion which was normally nourished tended to be wide in diameter with a flattenedÂ tendency, those that suffered a modification in the sulfur provision were extendedÂ shaped. The onions with greater weight were those of treatment A. Treatments ToÂ had a strong aroma whereas the B not as much, even being very similar in perception.Treatments To generated Crying in the moment of the cut, whereas B was notmarked so. Treatments To presented the characteristic strong flavor, whereas theÂ onions of treatment B did not present the flavor characteristic of the bulb onion. OneÂ concludes that if it is possible to obtain an onion with low propanotial acid content,Â by means of the modification in the nutrition with sulphur, with no need to makeÂ genetic manipulation or to count on varieties that fulfill this requirement.

Topic: Garlic and Onion Studies
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Impact of tumor burden or focality in recurrent low-grade intermediate-risk non-muscle invasive bladder cancer on response to treatment with UGN-102: A substudy of the phase 3 ENVISION trial.

4597 Background: In the ENVISION pivotal phase 3 study (NCT05243550) patients with low-grade intermediate-risk non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (LG-IR-NMIBC) were treated with UGN-102, a reverse thermal hydrogel containing mitomycin. Primary efficacy and safety results were previously reported. Complete response rate (CRR) at 3 months was 79.6%, with an 82.3% probability of remaining in response at 12 months by Kaplan–Meier estimate. Here, we present a post-hoc analysis evaluating if multifocality and tumor size influenced response rate and durability. Methods: In the single-arm ENVISION study, 240 patients with LG-IR-NMIBC received 6 weekly intravesical instillations of UGN-102; 3 months after the first dose, patients were examined for the presence of bladder cancer using cystoscopy, urine cytology testing, and for-cause biopsy. Patients achieving complete response (CR; no detectable disease) underwent follow-up with surveillance cystoscopy. In pre-specified subgroups, comparisons of patients with tumor burden (calculated as total length of all tumors) ≤3cm vs &gt; 3 cm and single vs multiple tumors were performed for CRR at 3 months and hazard ratios (HRs) of duration of response (DoR) at 12 months after achieving CR. For the comparison of CRR, p values were calculated using Fisher’s Exact Test. HRs of DoR were calculated using a Cox proportional hazards model, and p values calculated using a log-rank test. Comparisons were not powered to identify a difference and p values were unadjusted for multiple comparisons. Results: CRR at 3 months was 82.8% vs 73.2% for patients with tumor burden ≤3 cm and &gt; 3 cm, respectively. Of patients with CR at 3 months with tumor burden ≤3 cm and &gt; 3 cm, 15.4% vs 20%, respectively, experienced either recurrence of LG disease, progression (either stage or grade), or death by 15 months. In patients with multiple vs single tumors, 3-month CR was 79.3% vs 82.9%; recurrence rates were 18.5% vs 11.8%. DoR HRs were not statistically significant for any comparison made (Table). Conclusions: The CRR and DoR were favorable in all subgroups and no significant differences were observed. Study limitations were the small sample size of comparator groups, single arm design, and post-hoc nature of the analysis. UGN-102 may represent a valuable treatment option for many patients with LG-IR-NMIBC. Clinical trial information: NCT05243550 . CR at 3 months CRR ratio(95% CI)/p value Recurrence within 15 months a DoR HR (95% CI)/p value Tumor burden≤3 cm&gt;3 cm 149/180 (82.8%)30/41 (73.2%) 1.13 (0.93, 1.38)p=0.1854 b 23/149 (15.4%)6/30 (20.0%) 0.777 (0.317, 1.909)p=0.5816 b Tumor countMultipleSingle 157/198 (79.3%)34/41 (82.9%) 0.96 (0.82, 1.12)p=0.6740 b 29/157 (18.5%)4/34 (11.8%) 1.644 (0.578, 4.677)p=0.3459 b a 3-month CR patients only. b Nominal. CI, confidence interval.

Topic: Bladder and Urothelial Cancer Treatments
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences