jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Reply on RC1

<strong class="journal-contentHeaderColor">Abstract.</strong> Coastal mangroves, thriving at the interface between land and sea, provide robust flood risk reduction. Projected increases in the frequency and magnitude of climate impact drivers such as sea level rise and wind and wave climatology reinforce the need to optimize the design and functionality of coastal protection works to increase resilience. Doing so effectively requires a sound understanding of the local coastal system. However, data availability particularly at muddy coasts remains a pronounced problem. As such, this paper captures a unique dataset for the Guyana coastline and focuses on relations between vegetation (mangrove) density, wave attenuation rates and sediment characteristics. These processes were studied along a cross-shore transect with mangroves fringing the coastline of Guyana. The data are publicly available at the 4TU Centre for Research Data (4TU.ResearchData) via <a href="https://doi.org/10.4121/c.5715269">https://doi.org/10.4121/c.5715269</a> (Best et al., 2022) where the collection Advancing Resilience Measures for Vegetated Coastline (ARM4VEG), Guyana, comprises of six key datasets. Suspended sediment concentrations typically exceeded 1âgâL<span class="inline-formula"><sup>â1</sup></span> with a maximum of 60âgâL<span class="inline-formula"><sup>â1</sup></span>, implying that we measured merely fluid-mud conditions across a 1âm depth. Time series of wind waves and fluid-mud density variations, recorded simultaneously with tide elevation and suspended sediment data, indicate that waveâfluid-mud interactions in the nearshore may be largely responsible for the accumulation of fine, muddy sediment along the coast. Sediment properties reveal a consolidated underlying bed layer. Vegetation coverage densities in the <i>Avicennia</i>-dominated forest were determined across the vertical with maximum values over the first 20âcm from the bed due to the roots and pneumatophores. Generalized total wave attenuation rates in the forest and along the mudflat were between 0.002â0.0032âm<span class="inline-formula"><sup>â1</sup></span> and 0.0003â0.0004âm<span class="inline-formula"><sup>â1</sup></span> respectively. Both the mangroves and the mudflats have a high wave-damping capacity. The wave attenuation in the mangroves is presumably dominated by energy losses due to vegetation drag, since wave attenuation due to bottom friction and viscous dissipation on the bare mudflats is significantly lower than wave dissipation inside the mangrove vegetation. Data collected corroborate the coastal defence function of mangroves by quantifying their contribution to wave attenuation and sediment trapping. The explicit linking of these properties to vegetation structure facilitates modelling studies investigating the mechanisms determining the coastal defence capacities of mangroves.

Topic: Coastal wetland ecosystem dynamics
Subfield: Ecology
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Problems and Prospect of Internal Arterio-Venous Fistula for Hemodialysis

Vascular access for dialysis in patients with terminal renal failure has assumed increasing importance on surgical services as more and more facilities are developing to support such patients for longer period. Logevity of such vascular access is aimed for, meticulous care is needed in its creation. Direct arterio-venous fistula is best method available, but in case of its failure, fistula formation using graft is useful alternative. Complications associated with vascular access still represent one of the most frequent and significant problems encountered in a hemodialysis center. Measures to overcome such problems are discussed. Historical background and literature are reviewed. Seven patients treated with maintenance hemodialysis are presented. One of them had severe haemorrhage from the fistula, an unusual complication of internal arterio-venous fistula.

Topic: Central Venous Catheters and Hemodialysis
Subfield: Emergency Medical Services
Field: Health Professions
Domain: Health Sciences
COPD subtypes at greatest risk of pneumonia: Cluster analysis

Rationale: This analysis identifies COPD patient characteristics associated with greater risk of pneumonia with the aim to improve risk management and patient outcomes. Methods: Using two, pooled 1-year randomized trials (HZC102871, HZC102970) of 3,255 subjects with prior COPD exacerbations randomized to fluticasone furoate (FF)/vilanterol (VI) or VI, cluster analysis of baseline clinical and demographic data identified groups at greatest risk of a pneumonia or serious pneumonia event (e.g, hospitalization or death). A Cox proportional hazards model adjusting for study, smoking status, treatment, and region (random effect) was applied. Results: Five distinct COPD clusters were identified, with risk of first pneumonia and serious pneumonia generally increasing from left to right across clusters. Patients at greater risk of first pneumonia had FEV 1 /FVC Conclusions: Cluster analysis identified COPD subject attributes associated with greater risk of pneumonia, including combinations of known risk factors. Cluster analysis can efficiently identify high-risk subgroups for serious safety outcomes and inform risk management strategies to optimize patient outcomes. (GSK-funded, WEUKBRE6624).

Topic: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Research
Subfield: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Destabilizing effects on a classic tri-trophic oyster-reef cascade

How interactions among multiple predators affect the stability of trophic cascades is a topic of special ecological interest. To examine factors affecting the stability of the classic tri-trophic oyster reef cascade within a different context, configurations of three predators, including the Gulf toadfish, Gulf stone crab, and oystershell mud crab, were manipulated together with either oyster shell or limestone gravel substrate within a multiple predator effects (MPE) experiment. Additionally, a complimentary set of trait-mediated-indirect interaction (TMII) experiments examined the inhibition of oyster consumption relative to mud-crab size and top predator identity in the absence of other cues and factors. The classic tri-trophic cascade formed by the toadfish-mud crab-oyster configuration was potentially weakened by several interactions within the MPE experiment. Consumption of oysters and mud crabs by the intraguild stone crab was undeterred by the presence of toadfish. Although mud crab feeding was inhibited in the presence of both toadfish and stone crabs, estimated non-consumptive effects (NCEs) were weaker for stone crabs in the MPE experiment. Consequently, the total effect was destabilizing when all three predator species were together. Inhibition of mud crab feeding was inversely related to direct predation on mud crabs within the MPE experiment. Complimentary TMII experiments revealed greater inhibition of mud crab feeding in response to stone crabs under sparse conditions. TMII experiments also implied that inhibition of mud crab feeding could have largely accounted for NCEs relative to oysters within the MPE experiment, as opposed to interference by other mud crabs or top predators. An inverse relationship between mud crab size and NCE strength in the TMII experiment disclosed another potentially destabilizing influence on the tri-trophic-cascade. Finally, although habitat complexity generally dampened the consumption of oysters across MPE treatments, complex habitat promoted mud crab feeding in the presence of toadfish alone. This study underscores how ecological interactions can mediate trophic cascades and provides some additional insights into the trophic dynamics of oyster reefs for further testing under natural conditions.

Topic: Marine and fisheries research
Subfield: Global and Planetary Change
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Prospects of cultivated mushrooms use in technology of sausages

In order to solve the problems associated with expanding range of sausage meat component of high biological value, a search was conducted for alternative, natural and affordable sources of protein. Protein deficiency in human nutrition has led to the search for ways to increase biological value. It was proposed the optimal ratio of components of sausage meat, consisting of meat and mushroom raw materials. The purpose of this combination is to achieve the composition of sausages to the desired approximation of the "ideal protein" with the established technological effects for this production. The main objective of this work is to study the food and taste qualities of the finished product to expand the range of functional sausages at meat processing enterprises in Ukraine and China. Analysis of these data shows that an increase in the level of meat substitution with mushroom raw materials leads to a redistribution of the mass fractions of moisture, protein, fat and ash. The redistribution of these same indicators is affected by the physical state of the introduced mushroom raw material: powder or finely crushed mass. It was recorded a decrease in the mass fraction of fat by approximately 3% and 6%, respectively. Therefore, it was noted a decrease in energy value from 362 kcal to 335-304 kcal. The proportion of carbohydrates in the experimental samples has increased by an average of 1-2%. The mass fraction of protein remained almost unchanged, but the composition of the protein was closer to the "ideal protein". According to the results of organoleptic evaluation, it was found that when developing recipes for cooked smoked sausages, it is advisable to add boiled mushrooms in an amount of 15 - 20% in finely crushed form. It is advisable to add in the amount of 3.0 - 7.0% at the mixing stage in the form of a dry powder of fried mushrooms. The data presented in this article make it possible to assess the prospects of the food industry in the production of sausages enriched with semi-finished products of varying degrees of readiness based on cultivated mushrooms. The results of the analytical study reflect the unique degree of the cultivated mushrooms amino acid composition approximation to the "ideal protein". Particular attention was paid to essential (limiting) amino acids and their content in new types of sausages

Topic: Agriculture and Biological Studies
Subfield: General Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
ELEKTRONİK ÖDEMELERİN ENFLASYON DİNAMİKLERİ ÜZERİNDEKİ ROLÜ

The technological progress is transforming economy, trade and also their determinants and dynamics. Technological developments have serious effects on payment services, especially in the last 20 years. The world has been in a low inflation period compared with the previous periods. In this context, this study investigates the relationship between electronic payments and inflation dynamics in Turkey. A single equation model with the electronic payments variables is applied with quarterly data between 2005:3 – 2016:3. In the equation, the total number and total volume of transactions in the electronic fund transfer system are used as proxies for the real economy and monetary policy actions. The estimation results show that both the volume and number of transactions have effects on inflation dynamics.

Topic: Monetary Policy and Economic Impact
Subfield: General Economics, Econometrics and Finance
Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance
Domain: Social Sciences
A Study on Sexual Grooming Against Minors

아동청소년은 성적인 대상이 될 수 없으나 이들에 대한 성적인 접근인 그루밍은 지속적으로 발생하고 있으며, 특히 인터넷 공간에서의 그루밍은 여러 제도적 장치에도 개선되고 있지 못하다. 현실적으로, 입시중심의 생활에서 인터넷상의 교류가 거의 유일한 활력소인 아동청소년의 환경과 인터넷상의 익명성을 이용한 일부 왜곡된 성적욕구는 유기적으로 결합될 수 밖에 없는 구조이며 이미 사회문제가 되었으며 향후 전망도 상당히 부정적인 것이 사실이다.BR 그루밍은 성범죄이며 아동청소년에게 평생 지울 수 없는 고통이 되나, 일부 유형의 경우 아동청소년이 특정 행동에 동의 내지 동조했다는 이유로 성범죄가 부정되는 경우가 있다. 그러나 성적인 문제에 있어 아동청소년의 동의는 다른 성범죄와 다르게 문제의 본질이 아니며 일반적인 동의의 개념 보다는 좁고 명확해야 한다. 즉 전체 행위들의 제반사항의 전후에 엄격한 해석이 요구된다.BR 따라서 신설조문인 제15조의2의 ‘성착취’와 ‘지속적’‧‘반복적’ 등으로 규정된 부분은 세밀한 보충이 필요하며 가해자로 설정되어 있는 성인은 또래나 19세에 근접한 미성년자에 의해 발생하는 그루밍도 감안하여 개선의 여지가 있다. 이외에도 그루밍은 예상보다 복잡다단한 사례가 있을 수 있으며 이러한 형태 중 문제되는 행위를 구체적으로 정형화 하여 규정하는 것은 앞으로도 상당히 힘든 과정이 될 것으로 예상된다.BR 그렇지만 아동청소년에 대한 성범죄는 반드시 해결해야 할 우리의 당면과제이며 그루밍은 그 중심에 있는 것이 사실이다. 따라서 그루밍을 근절하기 위해 법적인 보완 외에 아동청소년에 대한 관련교육은 필수적이고 사진이나 동영상의 유출 방지 등 피해자를 보호할 수 있는 방안도 필요하며 이러한 제반사항을 모두 포함할 수 있는 관련규정의 합리적 보완이 필요하다.

Topic: Psychosocial Factors Impacting Youth
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Deep transfer learning for connection defect identification in prefabricated structures

Defect and damage identification is a crucial task in structural health monitoring (SHM) systems. Recent advances in deep neural networks (DNNs) show success in identification from data for a wide range of SHM systems. However, this approach faces challenges in terms of robustness and scalability with respect to data scarcity. Data collection for the training of DNNs from both the field and laboratory experiments is costly. To address this issue, we employ transfer learning (TL) through the use of deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs) for defect identification in the context of a sensor network’s vibration data. A deep TL (DTL) paradigm is used herein so that a pretrained CNN, primarily trained for generalized defect identification tasks where sufficient training data exist (source domain), can be re-trained partially (fine-tuned) as a later secondary process that targets this application domain (target domain) specifically. Different DTL cases are compared, and training data are enhanced with numerical simulation data. The efficacy and robustness of this method are demonstrated on defect identification for full-scale prefabricated concrete shear wall structures with different levels of data scarcity. This method utilizes dynamic responses collected using a sensor network. This is an extension of deep learning vision for non-vision tasks. Defect features are extracted from the dataset of dynamic responses using this DTL frame. Experimental results show that this approach can improve identification models on datasets with few samples.

Topic: Infrastructure Maintenance and Monitoring
Subfield: Civil and Structural Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Materials Data on Mg2Bi3 by Materials Project

Mg2Bi3 crystallizes in the trigonal P-3m1 space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Mg is bonded in a body-centered cubic geometry to eight Bi atoms. There are a spread of Mg–Bi bond distances ranging from 3.09–3.27 Å. There are two inequivalent Bi sites. In the first Bi site, Bi is bonded to five equivalent Mg atoms to form a mixture of distorted edge and corner-sharing BiMg5 trigonal bipyramids. In the second Bi site, Bi is bonded in a 6-coordinate geometry to six equivalent Mg atoms.

Topic: Rare-earth and actinide compounds
Subfield: Condensed Matter Physics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Listening to your inner voices

Our research investigates notification qualities of different types of voices, moving toward interfaces that support optimal allocation of attention to maximize system utility. We conducted an experiment to determine the interruption, reaction, and comprehension values of three different voice categories: the user's voice, a familiar voice, and an unfamiliar voice. Initial testing showed significant and impactful results: unfamiliar voices are the least interruptive, and a user reacts most quickly to one's own voice. Motivated by these findings, we report on the development and deployment of a notification system that exploits the differences in familiarity of a voice.

Topic: Personal Information Management and User Behavior
Subfield: Information Systems and Management
Field: Decision Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Determination of mass and orbital parameters of a low-mass star HD 213597B

HD 213597 is an eclipsing binary system which was detected by the STEREO spacecraft and was speculated to host a low-mass stellar companion. We used high-resolution spectroscopy with the 10-m Hobby-Eberly Telescope and the 1.2-m telescope in Mt Abu for radial velocity (RV) measurements of this source. We performed aperture photometry for this star on the STEREO archival data and thereby confirm the transit signature. We also did follow-up ground-based photometry with a 10-inch telescope from Mt Abu. The spectroscopic RV semi-amplitude of the primary (33.39 km s^-1) indicates that the secondary is an M dwarf making the system a short period F+M eclipsing binary. These RVs along with the inclination derived from our combined photometric analysis (i=84.9 degree), enable us to estimate the mass of the secondary as M_B ~ 0.286 M_sun and radius as R_B ~ 0.344 R_sun using an estimated mass M_A ~ 1.3 M_sun and radius R_B ~ 1.97 R_sun of the primary. Our spectral analysis returned the following parameters: T_eff = 6625 +/-121 K, [Fe/H] = -0.095 +\-0.08 and log(g) = 3.72 +/-0.22 for the primary. When log(g) is constrained to a value of 3.96, we derive T_eff = 6753 +/-52 K and [Fe/H] = -0.025+\-0.05.

Topic: Stellar, planetary, and galactic studies
Subfield: Astronomy and Astrophysics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
A single-photon source for quantum networking

Cavity quantum electrodynamics (cavity QED) with single atoms and single photons provides a promising route toward scalable quantum information processing (QIP) and computing. A strongly coupled atom-cavity system should act as a universal quantum interface, allowing the generation and storage of quantum information. This thesis describes the realisation of an atom-cavity system used for the production and manipulation of single photons. These photons are shown to exhibit strong sub-Poissonian statistics and indistinguishability, both prerequisites for their use in realistic quantum systems. Further, the ability to control the temporal shape and internal phase of the photons, as they are generated in the cavity, is demonstrated. This high degree of control presents a novel mechanism enabling the creation of arbitrary photonic quantum bits.

Topic: Hermeneutics and Narrative Identity
Subfield: Philosophy
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Investigating cumulative marijuana use and risk of cardiovascular disease in middle age with longitudinal data

Never before have so many people expressed such strong interest in knowing the impact of marijuana legalization on human behavior and health. There is a global trend toward legalizing marijuana. According to the National Organization for the Reform of Marijuana Laws, 29 US states permit marijuana use (http://norml.org/laws). However, research from diverse sources has produced mixed findings regarding the impact of marijuana laws

Topic: Food Security and Health in Diverse Populations
Subfield: General Health Professions
Field: Health Professions
Domain: Health Sciences
Rapid Molecular Determination of Sex for Western North American Chub (<i>Gila</i> spp.)

Abstract Gathering sex data is frequently a complicated matter for fish species that lack sexually dimorphic traits. Secondary sexual characteristics are cryptic or nonexistent in many minnows (Cyprinidae) during early life stages or outside of the breeding season, which may require lethal methods for determining sex. This complicates many conservation actions and population genetic studies, including (1) the development of hatchery broodstocks for threatened and endangered species, (2) sex ratio determination in wild populations, (3) the influence of sex ratio on the effective population size estimates, and (4) limitations on the implementation of genetic tagging and parentage assignment in wild populations. Here, we remedy this issue for four western North American chub species (Gila spp.) through restriction-site-associated DNA sequencing of Bonytail G. elegans, which identified a single locus indicating an XY sex determination system and no candidate loci consistent with a WZ system. This locus cross-amplified in three additional Gila species (Chihuahua Chub G. nigrescens, Virgin Chub G. seminuda, and White River Chub G. jordani), although species-specific differences necessitated the development of three novel primer/probe sets. Real-time PCR with hydrolysis probe assays was used to genotype sex-linked single-nucleotide polymorphisms for each species. The measurement of endpoint fluorescence in a real-time PCR thermal cycler allowed for rapid and accurate sex genotyping of these species, with accuracy &amp;gt;97% relative to phenotypic sex identification when three PCR replicates were employed. These assays provided high precision, with unanimous results across &amp;gt;87% of the replicates and a majority consensus genotype for 98.6% of the samples. The locus identified herein was conserved across all of the Gila species that we tested (n = 6) and other western North American cyprinids; however, sex-linked polymorphisms were found only in the four species that are named above. Consequently, this locus has promise for the identification and development of sex-linked assays for other Gila and closely related cyprinids.

Topic: Genetic and Clinical Aspects of Sex Determination and Chromosomal Abnormalities
Subfield: Genetics
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Metagnostic Narratives

Abstract This chapter begins Part IV: Looking Forward. It explores a selection of metagnostic stories drawn from memoir and oral history, tracing the narrative trajectory of recognition, subversion, and renegotiation and comparing a range of accounts. First are revelations of autism spectrum disorder, in which individuals absorb a diagnosis in midlife and seek to reconcile it with their experience, often renegotiating the terms of identity, normalcy, and pathology. Second is a discussion of prosopagnosia, and particular experiences understood in the context of an individual’s life experiences. Third is ADHD as a paradigmatic case of contemporary metagnosis, given its changing criteria and prevalence, raising questions concerning medicalization and the role of pharmacology. Fourth is synesthesia—not understood as pathological, but offering a complementary metagnostic example. Throughout, the themes and patterns of these accounts are discussed in relation to the metagnostic narrative arc discussed in Part III.

Topic: Empathy and Medical Education
Subfield: Psychiatry and Mental health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
First International Congress on Diabetes Insipidus

Journal Article First International Congress on Diabetes Insipidus Get access Endocrinology, Volume 112, Issue 5, 1 May 1983, Page 1717, https://doi.org/10.1210/endo-112-5-1717 Published: 01 May 1983

Topic: Pituitary Gland Disorders and Treatments
Subfield: Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
COVID-19 Pneumonia: A Complex Management Tailored on the Disease Stage

Despite falling in many respects under the Berlin definition of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) [1], COVID-19 pneumonia is not a “Typical” ARDS. The same disease actually presents itself with impressive non-uniformity. Two disease types or stages can be identified: the early, “non-ARDS”, and the advanced, “ARDS” [2-5]. The staging of the disease is crucial to decide the right therapeutic approach

Topic: COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
Subfield: Infectious Diseases
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences