jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Boredom proneness and phubbing: Fear of missing out as a mediator

Our purpose was to clarify the relationship between boredom proneness and phubbing behavior, and investigate what role fear of missing out (FOMO) plays in this process. We recruited 751 Chinese vocational college students aged between 18 and 23 years to participate in a questionnaire survey. We used the PROCESS macro version 3.5 for SPSS to analyze the mediating effect, and the results suggested that boredom proneness and FOMO significantly affected phubbing behavior. FOMO played a partial mediating role in the relationship between boredom proneness and phubbing, implying that high boredom proneness increased FOMO, which, in turn, increased phubbing behavior. The two dimensions of FOMO (fear of missing information and fear of missing situations) also had a partial mediating effect on this same relationship. To our knowledge, ours is the first study to practically investigate Chinese vocational college students' FOMO in relation to boredom proneness and phubbing behavior, which may provide useful information for intervention strategies for reducing phubbing behavior.

Topic: Mind wandering and attention
Subfield: Cognitive Neuroscience
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences
Review of Toyoda K, <i>et al</i>. Dual antiplatelet therapy using cilostazol for secondary prevention in patients with high-risk ischemic stroke in Japan. Lancet Neurol. 2019 Jun;18(6):539-548

Background: Prior meta-analyses showed that treatment with cilostazol, with or without aspirin, significantly reduced the incidence of recurrent ischemic stroke, occurrence of hemorrhagic stroke, and frequency of other serious vascular adverse events. Methods: This review highlights the value of the randomized controlled trial (RCT) by Toyoda et al . entitled, “Dual antiplatelet therapy using cilostazol for secondary prevention in patients with high-risk ischemic stroke in Japan: a multicenter, open-label, randomized controlled trial.” Here, dual therapy consisting of cilostazol and another antiplatelet agent was used to prevent secondary ischemic stroke in high-risk Japanese patients. Results: Patients on dual therapy consisting of cilostazol/aspirin or cilostazol/clopidogrel had significantly lower frequencies of recurrent stroke. However, there were significant differences in the incidence of attendant hemorrhagic complications utilizing mono or dual therapy. Conclusion: This RCT demonstrated the safety of dual therapy, consisting of cilostazol/aspirin or cilostazol/ clopidogrel, in preventing secondary ischemic stroke in a high-risk Japanese population. Further studies are required to generalize these findings to other patient populations worldwide.

Topic: Antiplatelet Therapy and Cardiovascular Diseases
Subfield: Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
The Critique of Legal Principles Article 619 of the Islamic Penal Code (approved in 2013)

Abstract Regarding the amount of blackened diamond that has been blackened (Al-Sun al-Awsud), the fatwa of the Imams is different and different; As the present paper of the subject in the written jurisprudential legacy has identified four theories in the assumption of the problem: 1. Three thirds of a healthy diyeh. 2. A quarter of a diy's proof. 3. Arsh's proof. 4. A detailed view (a third of a diyeh in a corrosive black teeth and an arshash fixation in a black teeth that is not weak). However, the legislator of the Islamic Penal Code chooses from among the existing votes the famous view (the third of the bill), which reflects the following in Article 619: "... Diyah teeth that have already been blackened, one third of the Diyah is the same teeth" But the results of this research suggest weakness of this view. In the descriptive-analytic research, and in a problem-oriented manner, after the explanation of the words in the problem, they have tried to evaluate and analyze them and evaluate their validity in the balance of the jurisprudence. The results of the research show that the only view that can reasonably be defensible is the promise of the

Topic: Archaeology and Historical Studies
Subfield: Archeology
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Public Acceptance of Biogas Plants - What Do We Know, Which Knowledge is Needed?

The present contribution addresses the public acceptance of biogas plants from an environmental­psychological perspective. It provides an overview of the results of five years of research in several research projects. Parts of the population perceive biogas plants due to smell nuisance and an increasing local traffic volume to be a physical, mental and aesthetical burden and thus feel severely limited in their quality of life. In addition, changes in agriculture such as an increase of monocultures and genetic engineering are main arguments in the current controversy. On the other hand, some communities show a high interest in biogas and even apply for becoming a ‘bio energy region’. Regarding the research results, a strong connection between the regional benefit and a reported public acceptance towards the biogas plants became evident. Another important acceptance factor is the degree to which people feel being affected personally in terms of negative impacts. Furthermore, the consideration of procedural justice criteria during the planning and installation process such as transparency, early and accurate information as well as possibilities to participate were important influencing factors in all regions. In this context, it became evident that peoples’ knowledge is rather low about administrative planning and licensing procedures.

Topic: Social Acceptance of Renewable Energy
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Uniqueness of fiber functors and universal Tannakian categories

The principal aim of this note is to give an elementary proof of the fact that any two fiber functors of a Tannakian category are locally isomorphic. This builds on an idea of Deligne concerning scalar extensions of Tannakian categories and implements a proof strategy which Deligne attributes to Grothendieck. Besides categorical generalities, the proof merely relies on basic properties of exterior powers and the classification of finitely generated modules over a principal ideal domain. Using related ideas (but less elementary means) we also present an alternative characterization of Tannakian categories among the more general weakly Tannakian categories. As an application of this result we can construct from any right exact symmetric monoidal abelian category with simple unit object a universal Tannakian category associated to it.

Topic: Algebraic structures and combinatorial models
Subfield: Geometry and Topology
Field: Mathematics
Domain: Physical Sciences
NONINVASIVE MONITORING OF CCl4 INDUCED ACUTE AND CHRONIC LIVER DAMAGE IN RAT BY SINGLE QUANTUM AND TRIPLE QUANTUM FILTERED 23Na MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING

In present study, single quantum (SQ) and triple quantum filtered (TQF) 23Na magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used to monitor the severity and progression of CCl4 induced acute and chronic liver damage in rat model. SQ 23Na MRI was proposed to measure the 23Na signal intensity (SI) of total tissue sodium ions, and TQF 23Na MRI was proposed to measure the SI of intracellular sodium ions. In addition, shift reagent aided 23Na and 31P magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) was used to measure in vivo intracellular sodium concentration ([Na+i]), total tissue sodium concentration ([Na+t]) and relative extracellular space (rECS) of liver in the same model. In acute high dose CCl4 intoxication, 24 hours after single dose of CCl4 in 5ml per kg body weight of mixture of CCl4 and oil in 1:1 ratio, SQ 23Na SI increased by 83% and TQF 23Na SI increased by 174% compared to the baseline level. According to SR-aided 23Na and 31P MRS, [Na+i] increased by 188% and [Na+t] increased by 43%. In addition, there was significant decrease in cellular energetic level, represented by ATP/Pi ratio. Histology examination showed pronounced inflammatory response in centrilobular regions, with neutrophiles infiltration, fatty accumulation and swollen hepatocytes. In chronic 8-week experiment, chronic damage was induced by biweekly administration of CCl4 in a dosage of 0.5 ml per kg body weight. From week 1 to week 6, SQ 23Na SI remained relatively constant, and then increased by 15% from week 6 to week 8. TQF 23Na SI progressively increased from week 1 to week 8, totally by 56%. Both SQ and TQF 23Na SI showed significant difference between treated group and control at every week. SR-aided 23Na and 31P MRS experiment showed that, at the end of 8-week CCl4 intoxication, both [Na+t] and rECS were higher than control, by 49% and 47% respectively; however, there was no significant difference for [Na+i] between two groups. Histology examination showed excessive deposition of extracellular matrix. In conclusion, SQ and TQF 23Na MRI appears valuable in the functional assessment of liver in noninvasive approach, and could be a promising diagnostic modality for liver diseases in clinical area.

Topic: Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment
Subfield: Epidemiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Grape‐Enriched Diets Impact Heart Failure Pathogenesis in the Dahl‐SS rat

The DASH(Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension) trials showed that fruit and vegetable intake impacts blood pressure. However, a mechanistic appraisal of the DASH diet benefits using a whole foods model has not been conducted. In addition, the effect of later consequences of hypertension, including renal damage and heart failure, has not been assessed. This project studied the impact of a fruit enriched diet on the development of hypertension, renal and cardiac hypertrophy, tissue oxidative stress, and echocardiography assessed heart function in the Dahl Salt Sensitive(DSS) rat model of heart failure. The whole food model selected was a standardized, freeze dried table grape powder. Male DSS rats were pair fed 20g of AIN76A/day. Treatment groups included a low salt group (LS, 0.2% NaCl), a high salt group (HS, 6.0% NaCl) and high salt + grape (HSG, 6.0% NaCl + rat body weight adjusted equivalent of 9 servings/day, or 3% of diet). The rats were fed for 16 weeks, with serial tail cuff blood pressure measures, terminal organ weight measures, and tissue malonyldialdehyde as an index of oxidative damage. Compared to HS diet alone, HSG diet significantly lowered blood pressure (p&lt;0.05 vs. HS), normalized cardiac weight, reduced renal weight (p&lt;0.05 vs. HS), and reduced cardiac and renal MDA formation. (p&lt;0.05 vs. HS). As assessed by echocardiography, HSG diets reduced left ventricular hypertrophy and relative wall thickness while improving mitral flow felocity, diastolic function, and cardiac index(p&lt;0.05 on all ECHO values). This represents the first report of a physiologically relevant, whole food model which reduces heart failure pathogenesis. This model may be used to mechanistically assess the value of diets rich in phytochemicals, such as the DASH diet, for heart failure management.

Topic: Sodium Intake and Health
Subfield: Nutrition and Dietetics
Field: Nursing
Domain: Health Sciences
Effect of Thermal Treatment on Enzymatic Activity and Rheological and Sensory Properties of Strawberry Purees

The behavior of strawberry purees submitted to processes of mild pasteurization (75 °C — 15 s) and severe pasteurization (90 °C — 20 s), using as references fresh and hot-filled purees, was studied. Purees thermally treated were stored at +3 °C during 2 months. Pectin methylesterase activity, rheological behavior, and taste quality were analyzed. The results showed how the pectin methylesterase activity of strawberry puree (0.385nanokatal/mL) was reduced to 25.5% by the mild heat treatment, to 5.4% by the severe one and to undetectable levels in the hot-filled puree. A significant increase in the viscosity was detected as a consequence of the severe thermal treatments, although in any case it decreased with storage time. Taste quality, evaluated by simple ranking tests of samples, was superior in the fresh puree, without significant differences among the three samples thermally treated. The assessors pointed out the greater aromatic intensity of the fresh puree and the lack of cooked flavors in all samples. All treated samples maintained their sensory quality during 2 months of storage at 3 °C. The taste quality of hot-filled purees stored 1 or 2 months at room temperature (21 °C) was significantly lower than the respective chilled samples. From this point of view, the hot-filled treatment and chilling storage will be recommended for this product.

Topic: Polysaccharides and Plant Cell Walls
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Letters to the Editor: LEVELS OF SERUM PROTEIN-BOUND IODINE IN PATIENTS WITH METASTATIC CARCINOMA OF THE BREAST

Journal Article Letters to the Editor: LEVELS OF SERUM PROTEIN-BOUND IODINE IN PATIENTS WITH METASTATIC CARCINOMA OF THE BREAST Get access ANNE C. CARTER, M.D., ANNE C. CARTER, M.D. 1Department of Medicine, State University of New York, College of Medicine at New York City, Medical Service (Division II), Kings County Hospital Brooklyn, N.Y. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar ELAINE BOSSAK FELDMAN, M.D, ELAINE BOSSAK FELDMAN, M.D 1Department of Medicine, State University of New York, College of Medicine at New York City, Medical Service (Division II), Kings County Hospital Brooklyn, N.Y. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar HAROLD L. SCHWARTZ, B.S. HAROLD L. SCHWARTZ, B.S. 1Department of Medicine, State University of New York, College of Medicine at New York City, Medical Service (Division II), Kings County Hospital Brooklyn, N.Y. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, Volume 20, Issue 3, 1 March 1960, Pages 477–480, https://doi.org/10.1210/jcem-20-3-477 Published: 01 March 1960

Topic: Cancer and Skin Lesions
Subfield: Dermatology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Fine needle aspiration cytology of lymphoproliferative lesions of the oral cavity

Objective Oral cavity non‐ H odgkin lymphoma ( OCL ) is a rare condition that may be clinically and radiologically indistinguishable from other pathologies of the mouth. A complete excision or adequate biopsy of the OCL may be difficult. Fine needle aspiration ( FNA ) cytology has been successfully utilized in the pre‐operative diagnosis of oral masses and in lymphoma involving other anatomical areas. Our experience with FNA pre‐operative cytological diagnosis of 16 OCL s is reported herein. Methods The results of FNA cytology on 16 consecutive lymphoproliferative lesions of the oral cavity collected over an 8‐year period in three institutions were retrieved. Sampled lesions were submucosal masses of different sizes bulging into the oral cavity. Rapid on‐site evaluation ( ROSE ) and routine cytological staining were performed. Immunocytochemistry ( ICC ), flow cytometry ( FC ) and polymerase chain reaction ( PCR ) of the IGH (immunoglobulin heavy) locus were performed on additional passes according to ROSE . Results Fourteen OCL s, one myeloma and one florid reactive lymphoid hyperplasia ( FRLH ) were diagnosed by FNA . OCL s were diagnosed as large B ‐cell (eight cases) and small B ‐cell (six cases) lymphomas. Histology revealed eight diffuse large B ‐cell lymphomas ( DLBCL ), four lymphomas of mucosa‐associated lymphoid tissue ( MALT ), two follicular lymphomas and one FRLH ; no false‐negative or false‐positive results were diagnosed, but accurate subclassification was obtained in four cases only. Conclusions FNA diagnosis of OCL s may be hampered by the rare incidence, anatomical context and difficulties in obtaining a sufficient amount of cells. Ancillary techniques should be used according to ROSE ; a pre‐operative FNA cytology diagnosis can avoid unnecessary extensive surgery and speed up the institution of therapeutic procedures.

Topic: Salivary Gland Tumors Diagnosis and Treatment
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Multi-party actions and the legal aid

The purpose of this paper is to show the diversity of currently existing mechanisms of collective redress in the EU and beyond. The starting point is the question of the actual effectiveness of existing models of collective redress in providing access to justice for a particular group of individuals whose rights have been threatened or injured by the same person (the defendant). Analysis of different models (Dutch, Scandinavian, German, English, Hungarian, American and Croatian) was used to identify similarities and differences, advantages and disadvantages of the solutions on collective legal protection in different legal systems. The relationship between collective legal protection and legal aid was also examined. This research leads to the conclusion that the civil litigation procedure which was once primarily a two-party procedure between individual parties is becoming more receptive for the collective legal protection. The main advantage of multi-party litigation is in enabling cost-effective conduct of the proceedings and facilitating access to justice for a large number of individuals who could not exercise their rights independently. But the collective legal protection could be given an even wider application within the EU legal space. One of the proposed measures for promoting collective legal protection is harmonization of existing provisions on multi-party action within the legal systems of EU member states. Also, legal aid has potential for becoming an effective means for the development of multi-party action but so far its usage in this respect has not been considered properly.

Topic: European and International Law Studies
Subfield: Political Science and International Relations
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
An Overview of Fire in the Sierra Nevada

Fire, ignited by lightning and Native Americans, was common in the Sierra Nevada prior to 20th century suppression efforts. Presettlement fire return intervals were generally less than 20 years throughout a broad zone extending from the foothills through the mixed conifer forests. In the 20th century, the areal extent of fire was greatly reduced. This reduction in fire activity, coupled with the selective harvest of many large pines, produced forests which today are denser, with generally smaller trees, and have higher proportions of white fir and incense cedar than were present historically. These changes have almost certainly increased the levels of fuel, both on the forest floor and “ladder fuels”—small trees and brush which carry the fire into the forest canopy. Increases in fuel, coupled with efficient suppression of low and moderate intensity fires, has led to an increase in general fire severity. We suggest extensive modification of forest structure will be necessary to minimize severe fires in the future. In high-risk areas, landscapes should be modified both to reduce fire severity and to increase suppression effectiveness. We recommend thinning and underburning to reduce fire-related tree mortality coupled with strategically placed defensible fuel profile zones (DFPZs). DFPZs are areas in which forest structure and fuels have been modified to reduce flame length

Topic: Fire effects on ecosystems
Subfield: Global and Planetary Change
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Anatomical terms used for skeletal features, cross-referenced to an ontological (formal) definition (Hymenoptera Anatomy Ontology; URI = Uniform Resource Identifier).

&lt;p&gt;Anatomical terms used for skeletal features, cross-referenced to an ontological (formal) definition (Hymenoptera Anatomy Ontology; URI = Uniform Resource Identifier).&lt;/p&gt;

Topic: Biomedical Text Mining and Ontologies
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Electricity Load Forecasting of Kenya National Grid

This paper developed a supervised Artificial Neural Networkbased model for Short-Term Electricity Load Forecasting, and evaluated the performance of the model by applying the actual load data of the Kenya National Grid power system to predict the load of one day in advance. Raw data was collected, cleaned and loaded onto the model. The model was trained under the WEKA environment and predicted the total load for Kenya National Grid power system. The test results showed that the hour-by-hour approach is more suitable and efficient for a day-ahead load forecasting. Forecast results demonstrated that the model performed remarkably well with increased number of iterations. The result suggests that incremental training approach of a neural network model should be implemented for online testing application to acquire a universal final view on its applicability.

Topic: Energy Load and Power Forecasting
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Bone Metastases of Endometrial Carcinoma: Report of Three Cases

Presented herein are three patients with bone metastasis from endometrial cancer. Bone metastases were found in the pelvic bones of cases 1 and 3 and the spine of case 2. All cases had an endometrial biopsy. Cases 1 and 2 were diagnosed as low-grade endometrioid carcinoma and case 3 as high-grade endometrioid carcinoma. Cases 1 and 2 had a total abdominal hysterectomy, bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, and bilateral pelvic-paraaortic lymph node dissection. Case 2 received 6 cycles of chemotherapy after the operation and had a postoperative recurrence in the left paraaortic area 11 months after the surgery. This case report emphasized the significance of evaluation of the bone metastasis in endometrial cancer.

Topic: Management of metastatic bone disease
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Nonperturbative theory of power spectrum in complex systems

The power spectrum analysis of spectral fluctuations in complex wave and quantum systems has emerged as a useful tool for studying their internal dynamics. In this paper, we formulate a nonperturbative theory of the power spectrum for complex systems whose eigenspectra -- not necessarily of the random-matrix-theory (RMT) type -- posses stationary level spacings. Motivated by potential applications in quantum chaology, we apply our formalism to calculate the power spectrum in a tuned circular ensemble of random $N \times N$ unitary matrices. In the limit of infinite-dimensional matrices, the exact solution produces a universal, parameter-free formula for the power spectrum, expressed in terms of a fifth Painlevé transcendent. The prediction is expected to hold universally, at not too low frequencies, for a variety of quantum systems with completely chaotic classical dynamics and broken time-reversal symmetry. On the mathematical side, our study brings forward a conjecture for a double integral identity involving a fifth Painlevé transcendent.

Topic: Quantum chaos and dynamical systems
Subfield: Statistical and Nonlinear Physics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences