jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Geoelectric Exploration in the Tejon Ranch Area, California: ABSTRACT

The Tejon Ranch area discussed lies within the southern part of the San Joaquin Valley. Marine beds crop out around the border of the area, but the central portion is buried beneath thick continental deposits. Core holes and a few exploratory wells have been drilled while the remainder of the area has been explored by geoelectric work. The theory and operating technique of the electrical conductivity method employed in the geophysical work are given in detail. Comparison of results of drill holes with the geophysical predictions is given. End_of_Article - Last_Page 1519------------

Topic: Geophysical and Geoelectrical Methods
Subfield: Geophysics
Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences
Domain: Physical Sciences
Recent developments in naturally derived antimalarials: cryptolepine analogues

Abstract Increasing resistance of Plasmodium falciparum to commonly used antimalarial drugs has made the need for new agents increasingly urgent. In this paper, the potential of cryptolepine, an alkaloid from the West African shrub Cryptolepis sanguinolenta, as a lead towards new antimalarial agents is discussed. Several cryptolepine analogues have been synthesized that have promising in-vitro and in-vivo antimalarial activity. Studies on the antimalarial modes of action of these analogues indicate that they may have different or additional modes of action to the parent compound. Elucidation of the mode of action may facilitate the development of more potent antimalarial cryptolepine analogues.

Topic: Synthesis and bioactivity of alkaloids
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Audio-visual speech recognition for difficult environments

The work presented in this dissertation focuses on audio-visual speech recognition for difficult environments where background noise, speaker movement, or non-user speakers may cause degradation of performance. There are four main parts to this work. The first involves a study of data fusion for optimal recognition in noisy environments. Audio-visual speech recognition using “late integration” is investigated under various types and levels of background noise. The second involves the creation of a multi-modal speech database to facilitate research in this area. The speech corpus includes continuous and connected digits spoken by a wide variety of stationary and moving speakers as well as speaker pairs. The third part is a feature study using moving speakers from the database. An image-processing-based method, an image-transform technique, and a deformable-template method are compared and tested for invariance to speaker movement. The final part investigates using an audio-visual approach to improve speech recognition among multiple, simultaneous speakers. Overall, the addition of visual features is shown to improve upon audio-only performance in noisy and multispeaker environments, and techniques are presented that yield improved speech-reading performance for moving talkers.

Topic: Speech and Audio Processing
Subfield: Signal Processing
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Dataset on: First genetic identification of Sundevall's jird Meriones crassus (Rodentia, Muridae) in Morocco and the hypothesis of range extension

Rodents from the subfamily Gerbillinae Gray, 1825, are an important component of small fauna in arid and desertic regions in Africa and Asia. Among this group of rodents, Sundevall's jird, <em>Meriones crassus,</em> is one of the most widespread desert species, found in countries ranging from Morocco to Pakistan. In this study, we sequenced the cytochrome b gene of the mitochondrial DNA in two specimens captured in Morocco, constituting the first genetic identification for this species in the African continent. Molecular identification was complemented and supported with morphological evidence. Additionally, we propose the hypothesis of a northward extension of 250 km of the geographic distribution of Sundevall's jird in Morocco, perhaps indicating the increasing desertification affecting North Africa. Further evidence will be required to test the latter hypothesis.

Topic: Genetic diversity and population structure
Subfield: Genetics
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
John Selden

This chapter focuses on John Selden's Table Talk, which serves as sufficient monument to an extraordinary jurist and which contains a myriad of insights into a cosmos of contemporary concerns. Each heading in its alphabetical arrangement bears witness to abundant knowledge and to a lively intelligence, and, moreover, demonstrates the skepticism that provides balance even in the most hotly contested arena of ideas. The irreverence with which almost all religious matters are treated serves as an antidote to the toxin of contemporary reverences doing battle as prophecies armed. The majesty of the law comes in for very subtle diminution, as its imperfections are revealed, and the useful and oft-ignored contributions of other legal systems noticed. Selden's ruminations also reflect an age of unusual turmoil and crisis, in which accepted notions, practices, arrangements, and beliefs were fundamentally challenged and ideas were forged that move us to this day.

Topic: Multicultural Socio-Legal Studies
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Colobopsis badia

Colobopsis badia (Smith, 1857) Material examined. None available. Material not physically examined. Syntype – CASENT0901897, ANTC21342 (OUMNH) Literature. Type – Smith (1857) [as Formica badia]. Viehmeyer (1916), Overbeck (1924) [both as Camponotus (Colobopsis) badius]. Localities. Ayer Terjun (archaic place name); Bukit Timah Hill; Mandai Road. Habitat/Ecology. Typically associated with primary and old secondary forest, these ants have been found in Nepenthes pitcher cups; colonies have been collected from inside the wood of living trees. Remarks. Type locality in Singapore.

Topic: Plant and Biological Electrophysiology Studies
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Housing Affordability and Health: Evidence From New York City

It is generally understood that households make tradeoffs between housing costs and other living expenses. In this article, we examine the relationship between health-related outcomes and housing-induced financial burdens for renters in one of the most expensive cities in the world, New York, New York. Drawing from the Housing Vacancy Survey for 2011, a representative survey conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau of more than 16, 000 households in New York City, we estimate the effect of housing cost burden on the overall health of renters and the extent to which they have postponed various types of medical services for financial reasons. Results show that higher out-of-pocket rent burdens are associated with worse self-reported health conditions and a higher likelihood to postpone medical services for financial reasons. This relationship is particularly strong for those households with severe rent burdens. In addition, housing cost burden is equally or more important than other physical housing characteristics in explaining the variation in self-reported general health status and health care postponement. These findings are robust across specifications with different degrees of household, unit/building, and neighborhood controls, and among longstanding and newer renters. Our findings point to the importance of considering health-related outcomes when designing housing policies, and that housing subsidies should target both renters' out-of-pocket costs and place-based repair and maintenance.

Topic: Health disparities and outcomes
Subfield: Health
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
AN ANNOTATED LIST OF EARLY OLIGOCENE INSECT FAUNA FROM SEIFHENNERS- DORF (SAXONY, GERMANY)

The present study provides an annotated list of the Early Oligocene entomofauna from the diatomite of Seifhennersdorf (Saxony, Germany). This study summarizes published and unpublished material gathered during the past four decades, concerning more than 30 insect specimens housed in two institutional and several private collections. The studied specimens were assigned to 11 families of seven insect orders. Trace fossils of two insect groups, i.e. damselflies egg-sets (Odonata: Zygoptera) and caddis fly larval cases (Trichoptera), were also examined. All taxa were compared to the previously described material from other Oligocene localities in the Ceske středohoři Mts. These results were then correlated with those of paleobotanical research.

Topic: Fossil Insects in Amber
Subfield: Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
The fate of applied phosphorus on a piedmont soil and its effect on loblolly pine growth twenty years after application

A loblolly pine phosphorus fertilization trial was evaluated 20 years after establishment on a Tatum silt loam in the Virginia Piedmont. Triple superphosphate (TSP) was applied at 160 kg P/ha and ground rock phosphate (GRP) was applied at both 160 kg P/ha and 670 kg P/ha. Lime (4.48 T/ha) was applied with and without the TSP treatment. Tree growth was not significantly affected by treatment and foliar phosphorus levels were above 0.10% indicating that a deficiency was not the immediate growth limiting factor. Double-acid-extractable soil phosphorus critical levels established for the Coastal Plain do not appear useful for diagnosing tree requirements for this Piedmont soil. A critical level of 1.0 ppm double-acid-extractable phosphorus would be more applicable to this soil. GRP was more effective than TSP after 20 years at increasing phosphorus uptake, probably due to a slower dissolution rate and the inclusion of F-ions which reacted with soil Al to reduce phosphorus fixation. Although an increase in the A horizon pH persisted for 20 years, there was no increase in phosphorus uptake as a direct response to this higher pH. Liming may have some long-term merit when applied in conjunction with a water soluble phosphorus fertilizer such as TSP by reducing the transformations of applied phosphorus to unavailable forms.

Topic: Botany and Plant Ecology Studies
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Acute tubulointerstitial nephritis associated with Yersinia pseudotuberculosis infection.

Two siblings infected with Yersinia pseudotuberculosis suffered from acute renal failure about 2 weeks after the onset of the disease. Renal histology in both siblings showed acute tubulointerstitial nephritis. Yersinia pseudotuberculosis type VB was isolated from feces of one of them, antibodies to Yersinia pseudotuberculosis type VB in their sera were elevated. The results of the present study suggest that acute renal failure complicating infections with Yersinia pseudotuberculosis is due to acute tubulointerstitial nephritis.

Topic: Yersinia bacterium, plague, ectoparasites research
Subfield: Genetics
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Agenda 2030 e implementación de la meta sobre migración: un análisis crítico comparativo (Paraguay y Argentina, 2018-2023)

This article analyzes the implementation of Goal 10.7 of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, aimed at safe, orderly and regular migration, in two national scenarios: Paraguay and Argentina. The comparative analysis will allow to recognize similarities and differences of consideration of Goal 10.7 in the set of actions to comply with Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 10, when it was addressed. Likewise, it weighs to what extent the reference to the 2030 Agenda in government efforts is specifically associated with practices and lines of action created specifically to activate this tool. Finally, it presents a reflection regarding the insertion and indicators of Goal 10.7 in relation to its specific scope and its possibility of being visible as a particular purpose without overlapping with other SDGs and their goals.

Topic: Migration, Racism, and Human Rights
Subfield: Health
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Immunoglobulin Production in Man Stimulated by an Orally Administered Bacterial Lysate

The concentrations of secretory immunoglobulins in the saliva, and of immunoglobulin in the serum, have been measured by the radial immunodiffusion method in 12 healthy volunteers, before and after oral administration of Broncho-Vaxom which is a lysate of bacteria that usually cause infection in the upper respiratory tract. The mean concentration of secretory IgA in the saliva was increased by over 100% after the 10-day administration of the product. This increase was statistically significant between the 20th and 33rd day after the beginning of the treatment (p < 0.05). It fell to a normal level after a month in 4 subjects who received one treatment course only. In 8 subjects who received a second treatment course beginning 1 month after termination of the first course, the high concentration of IgAs in the saliva persisted for at least 3 months. A significant increase in the serum concentrations of IgG of about 50% and of IgM of at least 100% above the initial level was observed in the treated subjects in the time between day 35 and 5 months after the beginning of the experiment (p < 0.05).

Topic: Immunodeficiency and Autoimmune Disorders
Subfield: Immunology
Field: Immunology and Microbiology
Domain: Life Sciences
Technical and economic study of Stirling and Rankine cycle bottoming systems for heavy truck diesel engines

Bottoming cycle concepts for heavy duty transport engine applications were studied. In particular, the following tasks were performed: (1) conceptual design and cost data development for Stirling systems; (2) life-cycle cost evaluation of three bottoming systems - organic Rankine, steam Rankine, and Stirling cycles; and (3) assessment of future directions in waste heat utilization research. Variables considered for the second task were initial capital investments, fuel savings, depreciation tax benefits, salvage values, and service/maintenance costs. The study shows that none of the three bottoming systems studied are even marginally attractive. Manufacturing costs have to be reduced by at least 65%. As a new approach, an integrated Rankine/Diesel system was proposed. It utilizes one of the diesel cylinders as an expander and capitalizes on the in-cylinder heat energy. The concept eliminates the need for the power transmission device and a sophisticated control system, and reduces the size of the exhaust evaporator. Results of an economic evaluation indicate that the system has the potential to become an attractive package for end users.

Topic: Advanced Thermodynamic Systems and Engines
Subfield: Mechanical Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Investigation of Shear and Thermal Characteristics of Polishing Interface in Soft Pad Polishing Process

In the current study, a high precision polishing process test bench with in-situ measurement technology was developed. The test bench also adopted to investigate the effects of operating parameters on polishing interfacial phenomena during the polishing process with IC1000 pad. The experimental results coincide with the experimental and theoretical data published previously results. The developed test rig and the current experimental outcomes contribute to the understanding of soft pad polishing mechanism.

Topic: Advanced Surface Polishing Techniques
Subfield: Biomedical Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
In Vitro evaluation of probiotic properties of lactic acid bacteria strains isolated from juçara fruit native to the Atlantic Forest

Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are the microorganisms most commonly used as probiotics. Since probiotic benefits are strain-dependent, there is a continuous need for research into new cultures with probiotic properties. Fruits such as juçara (Euterpe edulis Martius), a palm species from the Atlantic Forest threatened with extinction, are rich niches for microorganisms, including LAB. This study investigated the probiotic properties of Lactococcus lactis J7 and Leuconostoc pseudomesenteroides JF17 strains isolated from juçara fruits native to the Atlantic Forest. Probiotic characteristics, such as tolerance to simulated gastrointestinal fluids or juices, hydrophobicity, autoaggregation, coaggregation properties, inhibition of pathogenic microorganisms, and technological properties were evaluated. The survival rate of L. lactis J7 and L. pseudomesenteroides JF17 decreased after exposure to simulated gastrointestinal conditions; however, L. lactis J7 was more resistant, maintaining viability at the end of the enteric phase of 6.07 ± 0.16 log CFU mL-1. The J7 strain also exhibited the highest values in hydrophobicity (12.55 ± 0.52%), autoaggregation (25.63 ± 0.75%), and coaggregation capacity with E. coli ATCC 25922 (21.52 ± 0.98%) and S. Enteritidis ATCC 13076 (22.68 ± 1.01%). Both J7 and JF17 strains demonstrated antimicrobial activity, confirmed by the multilayer agar plate system. Additionally, the growth of the strains was temperature-dependent, and they were able to thrive in high concentrations of sodium chloride (6%). Thus, L. lactis J7 is a promising probiotic candidate for the development of functional products. Nevertheless, further studies using animal models are necessary to explore the properties of these probiotic bacteria. Novel strains isolated from fruits should be studied to broaden the application of probiotic microorganisms in the development of foods and medicines.

Topic: Probiotics and Fermented Foods
Subfield: Food Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Local Expansions of Periodic Spline Interpolation with Some Applications

In this paper we prove some asymptotic expansions of the error of interpolation on equally spaced nodes with periodic smoothest splines of arbitrary degree on a uniform partition. We obtain a local expansion in terms of derivatives of the interpolate. Afterwards we apply this result to the asymptotic study of the numerical solution of periodic integral equations of the second kind by means of ϵ – collocation methods. We show some new superconvergence results and give particular forms of these expansions depending on the choices of the parameter ϵ. We finally give some numerical experiments, which corroborate the theory.

Topic: Advanced Numerical Analysis Techniques
Subfield: Computational Mechanics
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
The Effect of Symptom Duration on Outcomes After Fusion for Degenerative Spondylolisthesis

Study Design: Longitudinal comparative cohort. Objectives: To determine if the duration of symptoms in patients with degenerative spondylolisthesis affects postoperative outcomes after 1- or 2-level decompression and fusion. Methods: Patients undergoing primary surgery for grade 1 degenerative spondylolisthesis at a single Quality Outcomes Database (QOD) participating site were identified. Demographic, surgical and patient-reported outcomes (PROs) data, including baseline and 12-month postoperative Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), back pain (BP, 0-10), leg pain (LP, 0-10), and EuroQOL-5D (EQ-5D) scores were collected. Individual medical records were reviewed for data on duration of symptoms prior to surgery. Patients were stratified into 3 cohorts—those with preoperative symptom duration of less than 1 year, 1 to 2 years, or greater than 2 years. Results: Complete data was available in 123 patients. Significant improvement in ODI, BP, and LP scores were observed in all groups. At 12-month follow-up improvement in ODI, BP, or LP was similar among the cohorts; with a trend toward significance with better improvement in LP scores in patients with a symptom duration of less than 1 year to those with symptom duration greater than 2 years ( P = .058). Conclusions: The duration of symptoms up to 2 years prior to surgery may not be a useful predictor of improvement of back pain or disability scores in patients with spondylolisthesis requiring decompression and fusion. Although there was a positive trend for improvement in leg pain for those with a shorter duration of symptoms, this did not reach statistical significance in our study.

Topic: Spine and Intervertebral Disc Pathology
Subfield: Pathology and Forensic Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
CHARACTERISTICS OF FROZEN FRIED CHICKEN PRODUCTS OBTAINED FROM A RETAIL STORE

ABSTRACT Frozen fried chicken products were purchased monthly from a grocery store for 9 months. Two national brands were selected and 10 samples of each were studied. There was a significant difference (P &lt; 0.01) between brands in percentages of meat, coating, bone and edible portions. Brand A contained 9.7% higher meat content than brand B but the coating content was 7.0% lower than the brand B. In general, the moisture and fat contents comprised approximately 49.7% and 14.5% of the edible portions, respectively. The ranges for TBA, peroxide and acid values of the edible portions were 2.1–9.2, 7.0–25.5 and 0.99–2.64, respectively.

Topic: Nutrition, Health and Food Behavior
Subfield: Nutrition and Dietetics
Field: Nursing
Domain: Health Sciences
7. The Right to an Effective Remedy

This chapter examines the issue of remedy under the provisions of the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR), addresses the question concerning the existence of an arguable complaint and the effectiveness of the remedy in the national legal order, and considers proceedings in cases involving violations by persons in an official capacity. It also discusses the approach of the Strasbourg Court in the determination of remedies and the increasing use of Article 13 to tackle repetitive cases by requesting respondent States to create remedies so that the complaints can be dealt with at national level.

Topic: European and International Law Studies
Subfield: Political Science and International Relations
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Different Postnatal Development of Convulsions and Lethality Induced by Strychnine in Rats

Abstract: The convulsant action of strychnine was studied in 310 male albino rats, aged 3 to 25 days. Doses of 0.25–4 mg/kg were administered intraperitoneally and the animals were observed for 30 min. Generalized tonic‐clonic seizures involving also tonic hindlimb extension occurred in all age groups. The convulsant effects of strychnine increased from day 3 to day 18, and decreased again from day 25, as indicated by the incidence and latencies of seizures. Lethal effects did not occur before day 12. Hyperactivity was seen as the first sign of strychnine action in rats during the first week of life, automatisms predominating in 18‐day‐old animals. Electroencephalographic study in 30 rat pups with implanted electrodes demonstrated an extremely poor electro‐clinical correlation.

Topic: Plant-based Medicinal Research
Subfield: Pharmacology
Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics
Domain: Life Sciences
A Phase I Trial of an Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Plus Stereotactic Ablative Radiotherapy in Patients with Inoperable Stage I Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

Abstract : This clinical trial is the first to evaluate the synergy between radiation, a well-known immune modulator, with the novel immune checkpoint inhibitor MPDL3280A (atezolizumab) in early stage inoperable non-small cell lung cancer. The trial is comprised of a traditional 3 + 3 phase I design followed by a dose expansion. We have enrolled 3 patients into dose level 1. Two patients have completed the entire treatment plan and 1 patient is in the 9-week dose limiting time period. The regimen has been well tolerated with no dose limiting toxicities observed in the first two patients. One patient had a partial response and the other patient has stable disease. Interestingly patient #1 had tumor shrinkage after two cycles of low dose MPDL3280A without the radiation. The trial continues as planned.

Topic: Cancer Immunotherapy and Biomarkers
Subfield: Oncology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences