jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Sources of Resistance to a New Strain of Verticillium dahliae on Sunflower in North America-2006

In 2004, a new strain of Verticillium dahliae was identified in North Dakota and Minnesota and was designated NA-V2, which overcomes the V1 resistance gene in current sunflower hybrids. Greenhouse trials were conducted in 2004 and field trials were conducted in 2005 and 2006 to evaluate sunflower germplasm for resistance to this new strain. Greenhouse needle inoculation experiments included 109 current commercial hybrids and 112 Plant Introductions (PI) from the USDA-ARS sunflower core collection. Of the 221 entries, 27 were rated resistant (<1 on a 0-4 scale) and selected for field trials. Disease testing was conducted in fields naturally infested with V. dahliae and by artificial needle inoculation in separate trials. Two entries, PI 507901 and Interstate 4575 NS, were rated resistant in greenhouse trials, and in both years of field trials. PI 507901 and Interstate 4575 NS underwent additional Verticillium resistance evaluation at four locations in Argentina, and were rated moderately susceptible, suggesting the predominant Argentine strain is different from that in North America.

Topic: Sunflower and Safflower Cultivation
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Production of Industrial Applicable Enzymes From Rhizopus Oryzae Through Response Surface Methodology

<title>Abstract</title> The agricultural wastes are used for production of vital enzymes like cellulase, protease and lipase through Solid State Fermentation (SSF) which reveal their industrial potential aspect. This study was done to find out the ability of <italic>Rhizopus oryzae</italic> to produce lipase, protease and cellulase through SSF. Wheat bran showed maximum enzyme activities as related to others agricultural wastes. The enzymes showed maximum activities (21.4 ± 0.04) (4.6 ± 0.02 IU/mL) and (1.1 ± 0.01 IU/mL) for cellulase, lipase and protease respectively at temperature 25ºC and incubation period 72 hours. Response surface methodology (RSM) used to optimize conditions likes temperature, pH, moisture contents, inoculum size and substrate concentration. RSM revealed maximum enzyme activities using 100% moisture contents, temperature 25ºC, pH 5, substrate concentrations 12g and inoculum size of 6 mL. The method of ammonia sulphate precipitation used for the purification and crystallization of enzymes like lipase, protease and cellulase. The precipitation of cellulase, lipase and protease performed with 80%, 70% and 90% ammonium sulphate concentrations to increase yield. The characterization of lipase, protease, cellulase revealed that it worked best below acidic conditions (pH 5) and at moderate temperature (25ºC). The results revealed that the mold oryzae had potential to produce industrially important enzymes at acidic pH.

Topic: Enzyme Catalysis and Immobilization
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Phytochemicals for Pest Control Edited by Paul A. Hedin (U.S. Department of Agriculture), Robert M. Hollingworth (Michigan State University), Edward P. Master (U.S. Department of Agriculture), Junshi Miyamoto (Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.), and Dean G. Thompson (Canadian Forest Service). American Chemical Society:  Washington, DC, 1997. x + 372 pp. $109.95. ISBN 0-84123488-4.

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVBook ReviewPhytochemicals for Pest Control Edited by Paul A. Hedin (U.S. Department of Agriculture), Robert M. Hollingworth (Michigan State University), Edward P. Master (U.S. Department of Agriculture), Junshi Miyamoto (Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.), and Dean G. Thompson (Canadian Forest Service). American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 1997. x + 372 pp. $109.95. ISBN 0-84123488-4.Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1997, 119, 49, 12030Publication Date (Web):December 10, 1997Publication History Published online10 December 1997Published inissue 1 December 1997https://doi.org/10.1021/ja975605iCopyright © 1997 American Chemical SocietyRIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views49Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit Read OnlinePDF (86 KB) Get e-AlertsSUBJECTS:Agriculture,Peptides and proteins,Pest control,Pharmaceuticals,Plants Get e-Alerts

Topic: Allelopathy and phytotoxic interactions
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Effects of the L- to H-mode transition on a recessed coil antenna in BPX

The paper presents a study of the effects of a simulated L- to H-mode transition for the proposed BPX (Burning Plasma Experiment) device on the coupling of a recessed coil antenna in the ion cyclotron range of frequencies. Two computer codes are used: ANTIMP, a code developed by the authors, which uses a Runge-Kutta method of solution, and a finite element code, developed by Brambilla, which has been modified to examine fourfeed antenna coils. The radiation resistance is calculated for antenna parameters consistent with a design proposed by the Oak Ridge National Laboratory. Both finite cavity size and finite phase velocity along the current straps are modelled. The plasma density is simulated using both piecewise linear profiles and parabolic profiles. For anticipated BPX values of the density gradient at the separatrix, the radiation resistance decreases by a factor of two to three during an L- to H-mode transition. The reduction of the value of the radiation resistance due to finite phase velocity can be minimized by using a four-feeder scheme.

Topic: Magnetic confinement fusion research
Subfield: Nuclear and High Energy Physics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Adrenal disorders and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common liver disease in the developed world and its pathogenesis is complex and multifactorial. It is considered the hepatic manifestation of the metabolic syndrome and is the leading cause of hepatic cirrhosis. This review aims to present current knowledge on the involvement of the adrenal glands in the development of NAFLD. Clinical and animal studies have shown that excess glucocorticoids (GC) have been implicated in the pathogenesis of NAFLD. Patients with NAFLD seem to have a subtle chronic activation of the hypothalamic pituitary adrenal axis leading to a state of subclinical hypercortisolism. Regulators of GC such as 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11β-HSD1), an enzyme that regenerates cortisol from inactive cortisone, and 5α/5β-reductases, enzymes that increase cortisol clearance, are implicated in the development of NAFLD by amplifying local GC action. Adrenal androgen (dehydroepiandrosterone) abnormalities and increased aldosterone levels may also have a role in the development of NAFLD whereas the contribution of adrenergic signaling in NAFLD pathogenesis remains unclear.

Topic: Hormonal Regulation and Hypertension
Subfield: Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Optimizing to arbitrary NLP metrics using ensemble selection

While there have been many successful applications of machine learning methods to tasks in NLP, learning algorithms are not typically designed to optimize NLP performance metrics. This paper evaluates an ensemble selection framework designed to optimize arbitrary metrics and automate the process of algorithm selection and parameter tuning. We report the results of experiments that instantiate the framework for three NLP tasks, using six learning algorithms, a wide variety of parameterizations, and 15 performance metrics. Based on our results, we make recommendations for subsequent machine-learning-based research for natural language learning.

Topic: Natural Language Processing Techniques
Subfield: Artificial Intelligence
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
A prognostic model based on tumor microenvironment and immune cell in colorectal cancer

The prognostic signature comprising <i>HAMP</i>, <i>ADAM8</i>, and <i>CD1B</i> based on immune cells was established, providing a theoretical basis and reference value for the research of CRC.

Topic: Colorectal Cancer Treatments and Studies
Subfield: Oncology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Deep Learning on Big Data Sets in the Cloud with Apache Spark and Google TensorFlow

Machine learning is the branch of artificial intelligence giving computers the ability to learn patterns from data without being explicitly programmed. Deep Learning is a set of cutting-edge machine learning algorithms that are inspired by how the human brain works. It allows to selflearn feature hierarchies from the data rather than modeling hand-crafted features. It has proven to significantly improve performance in challenging data analytics problems. In this tutorial, we will first provide an introduction to the theoretical foundations of neural networks and Deep Learning. Second, we will demonstrate how to use Deep Learning in a cloud using a distributed environment for Big Data analytics. This combines Apache Spark and TensorFlow, Google’s in-house Deep Learning platform made for Big Data machine learning applications. Practical demonstrations will include character recognition and time series forecasting in Big Data sets. Attendees will be provided with code snippets that they can easily amend in order to analyze their own data. A related, but shorter tutorial focusing on Deep Learning on a single computer was given at the Data Science Luxembourg Meetup in April 2016. It was attended by 70 people making it the most attended event of this Meetup series in Luxembourg ever since its beginning.

Topic: Cloud Computing and Resource Management
Subfield: Information Systems
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Changes in Vertical Stratification of Neotropical Nymphalid Butterflies at Forest Edges Are Not Directly Caused by Light and Temperature Conditions

Habitat fragmentation and land use changes threaten neotropical habitats and alter patterns of diversity at forest edges. Like other arthropod assemblages, neotropical fruit-feeding butterfly communities show strong vertical stratification within forests, with some recent work showing its potential role in speciation. At forest edges, species considered to be forest canopy specialists have been observed descending to the forest understory, with the similarity in light conditions between the canopy and understory strata at edges hypothesized to be responsible for this phenomenon. We conducted a study using standardized sampling to document and quantify this edge effect, characterize edge and forest strata, and estimate the relative contributions of temperature and light conditions to changes in nymphalid butterfly stratification at forest edges. We found strong evidence of an edge effect in these butterflies and confirmed strong differences in light and temperature, showing that the edge understory differs little from forest canopy conditions. Of 41 species common to both forests and edges, 28 shifted to have a lower canopy probability at the edge, and our model detected a decrease in canopy probability of 0.165. Furthermore, our analysis indicated the relative abundance of canopy taxa increased at the edge, and the tribes Haeterini and Morphini were especially sensitive to edge effects. However, the analyses here did not clearly implicate temperature or light magnitude in causing changes in neotropical nymphalid vertical stratification at forest edges. Instead, our results point to other mediator variables as being important for changes at tropical forest edges. From our data, edge-responsive species can be separated into two different categories, which likely relates to their resilience to anthropogenic disturbance. We also note that structural causal models have a potential place in future work on tropical conservation, given they can provide causal estimates with observational data.

Topic: Plant and animal studies
Subfield: Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Supplementary Tables 1-3 and Table 5 from Rescue Screens with Secreted Proteins Reveal Compensatory Potential of Receptor Tyrosine Kinases in Driving Cancer Growth

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 59K, This file contains additional experimental data relating to the profile of JAA120, secretome screening results, gene expression data, and in vivo MET/FGR inhibitor synergy&lt;/p&gt;

Topic: Cancer, Hypoxia, and Metabolism
Subfield: Cancer Research
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
P1507Experience in chronical lead extraction with ablation catheter and snare via femoral route

Abstract Background Transvenous lead extraction may become a complicated process and special sheath systems used for extraction may not be available in the laboratory. Transvenous lead extraction from femoral vein by using ablation catheter and snare may be an alternative and cost-effective method to transvenous lead extraction with specialized lead extraction sheaths. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the factors that may be associated with the use of transfemoral technique during extraction of chronically implanted leads. Methods We retrospectively analyzed consecutive patients who underwent transvenous extraction of pacemaker, cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) and intracardiac defibrillator (ICD) leads in our institution in between 01.01.2016 and 01.01.2019. The indications for lead extraction were based on the European Heart Rhythm Association recommendations. Manual traction was applied to all leads at the beginning of each case. If manual traction was not successful, a subclavian approach by using locking stylet (Liberator Universal Locking Stylet, Cook Medical) or femoral approach was used. Femoral approach was performed using the flexible 13F long sheath and a second sheath for ablation catheter. Ablation catheter was wrapped around the lead and the tip of the ablation catheter was caught with gooseneck snare. Downward traction was applied on the body of the lead by using ablation catheter and gooseneck snare complex to release either end of the lead. Results A total of 160 leads in 94 patients were extracted during the time interval between 01.01.2016 and 01.01.2019. The indications for extraction were cardiac device related pocket erosion and infection in 71 (75.6%) and lead failure in the 23 (24.4%) cases. Extracted system was ICD in 48 (51.1%), CRT in 9 (9.6%) and pacemaker in 37 (39.3%) cases. The median time from the preceding procedure was 62.5 (IQR:32.3- 95.3) months. Lead extraction was performed by manual traction in 35 (37.2%) patients, by locking stylet method in 7 (7.4%) and by femoral approach in 52 (55.3%) patients. Clinical success was achieved in 93 (98.9%) cases and all of the patients discharged uneventfully without a major complication as death, cardiac avulsion or tear requiring pericardiocentesis or emergent surgery. Procedural success with femoral approach was achieved in 51/52 (98%) patients (99 leads). Ordinal regression revealed the time from the preceding procedure as the only parameter that was significantly associated with the usage of femoral approach (OR:1.065 ( 95% CI 1.039-1.100) p &amp;lt; 0.001). Conclusion Based on our experience, transfemoral approach by using ablation catheter and gooseneck snare seems to be an effective and safe method for chronically implanted lead extraction. It may be particularly be useful when manual traction is unsuccessful and special toolkids are not available for extraction.

Topic: Cardiac pacing and defibrillation studies
Subfield: Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Knowledge discovery via multidimensional science maps: the case of the Species Problem

Science mapping (SM), the study of the organization and development of science and technology, is a rapidly developing field within information science. The volume of available data allows this methodology to empirically address such issues as the historical development of topics, discourses, fields or the entire science system. Based on the pool of related methods, we are proposing an integration of various maps to obtain a novel kind of science map we call multidimensional. The basic idea behind is to combine the most informative relations available from various maps based on different bibliometric indicators, in order to produce a rich structrue for the study of knowledge dynamics, with special emphasis on causal-historical connections. As a proof of concept, we deploy the proposed framework in an extensive case study on a historical topic from the life sciences, namely, the debate on the species concept in biosystematics.

Topic: Biomedical Text Mining and Ontologies
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
A method for training surgeons in laparoscopic ultrasound.

With the increased use of laparoscopic surgery and the obligatory loss of palpation of solid organs, laparoscopic ultrasound will be an invaluable tool for the location and evaluation of solid or fluid-filled masses and retroperitoneal organs. Surgeons have heretofore had limited experience with ultrasound but are increasingly using other minimally invasive techniques to perform major operations. A graduated learning experience has been developed for surgeons, including a didactic introduction to ultrasound, inanimate and ex vivo training models, and finally, a live large animal model. Hepatic metastases were simulated and surgeons trained to locate and biopsy these lesions within the liver parenchyma under laparoscopic ultrasound guidance. The devised training session has allowed the participating surgeons to feel confident that they could identify and then biopsy intrahepatic lesions using minimally invasive techniques.

Topic: Abdominal Trauma and Injuries
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Three dimensional Terrain modeling and display for environmental assessment

A technique for compositing computer generated images of buildings and background images created from aerial photographs is described. The aerial photo data are mapped onto a terrain model based on cartographic data. The technique can be used to pre-evaluate visual impact of large scale construction by means of not only still images but also animations.The technique can be briefly described as follows: 1) an accurate, three-dimensional terrain model is created based on cartographic data. 2) a hierarchy of aerial photo data at various resolutions is mapped onto the terrain model as a texture. 3) the height of trees is taken into account in regions near the viewpoint. 4) allowing intersections of terrain models with constructions facilitates geometric adjustments and shadowing.

Topic: Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications
Subfield: Environmental Engineering
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Holisms of communication: The early history of audio-visual sequence analysis

A central pillar of contemporary communication research is the analysis of filmed interactions between people. The techniques employed in such analysis first took on a recognizably modern form in the 1970s, but their roots go back to the earliest days of motion picture technology in the late nineteenth century. This book presents original essays accompanied by written responses which together create a dialogue exploring early efforts at audio-visual sequence analysis and their common goal to capture the "whole" of the communicative situation. The first three chapters of this volume look at the film-based research of Gestalt psychologists in Berlin as well as psychologists in the orbit of Karl and Charlotte Bühler in Vienna in the first decades of the twentieth century. Most of these figures – along with many other Central European scholars of this era – were driven into exile in the United States after the rise of National Socialism in the 1930s. This scientific migration led to the cross-pollination of communication studies in America, an outcome visible in the leading project in interaction research of the mid-twentieth century, the Natural History of an Interview. The following two chapters examine this project in its historical context. The volume closes with a critical edition of a treasure from the archives: the transcript of a speech delivered by Ray Birdwhistell, a key participant in the Natural History of an Interview project and founder of kinesics.

Topic: Radio, Podcasts, and Digital Media
Subfield: Communication
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
A Conspicuous Intoxication in <i>Bombyx mori</i> (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae) Caused by a Fungicide Containing Iminoctadine Triacetate

ABSTBACT We showed that an oral administration of a fungicide containing iminoctadine triacetate had a delayed effect on the development of Bombyx mori (L.) larvae. Larvae that ingested a diet with a moderate dose of formulated-iminoctadine triacetate throughout the third instar stage developed to the next (fourth) instar stage; thereafter they stopped growing. Those larvae died finally after prolonged fourth instar duration without molting to the next (fifth) instar stage. Dietary intake of the larvae showing the growth inhibition was significantly lower than that of the control group. Fourth instar larvae were reared with restricted amount of diet that was comparable to that of formulated-iminoctadine-treated specimens. These dietary restricted larvae grew at a slower pace and reached a lower maximum weight than controls; however, they developed to the next (fifth) instar stage. Nevertheless, the weight of which was smaller than the control group. These results suggested that reduced food intake did not cause the failure to molt to fifth instar. In the larvae affected by formulated-iminoctadine, “housekeeping genes” (18S ribosomal RNA, actin 3, elongation factor 2, and nsd-2) were expressed normally. From these results, it is assumed that the formulated-iminoctadine-treated larvae lost the capacity of high assimilatory performance and could not build up their body mass furthermore.

Topic: Viral Infectious Diseases and Gene Expression in Insects
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Modelling and Simulation of Bifurcated Winding Induction Generator using 3DEXPERIENCE

The rising demand for the use of non-conventional energy sources mandates new and improved approaches for wind energy conversion systems. Bifurcated winding induction machine (BWIG) is one such idea proved to be well-suited for wind power generation due to the constant frequency operation. This paper develops a complete mathematical and simulation model of BWIG machine using Dassault Systemes 3DEXPERIENCE platform. The equivalent diagram of the machine is developed and the electrical simulation model is developed with Dymola Behavioral Modeling platform. The machine is analysed for different operating conditions such as varying excitation voltages, varying operating speeds and load conditions.

Topic: Wind Turbine Control Systems
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences