jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Incidence and Risk Factors for Postoperative Complications in Patients Undergoing Extraoral Drainage for Maxillofacial Abscess: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Background: The standard treatment for maxillofacial abscesses is surgical drainage combined with antibiotics, a frequent procedure in maxillofacial surgery departments. However, postoperative complications following this surgery are poorly described in the literature. Identifying their incidence and risk factors could help improve patient outcomes and healthcare planning. Objectives: The primary aim was to identify postoperative complications within 30 days after maxillofacial abscess surgery; the secondary aim was to explore their associated risk factors. Methods: A monocentric retrospective cohort study included patients with maxillofacial abscesses who underwent extraoral incision and drainage under general anesthesia at the Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery at a tertiary hospital in Switzerland between January 2012 and August 2023. Postoperative complications within 30 days were recorded and classified according to the validated Dindo–Clavien classification system. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify risk factors for postoperative complications. Results: A total of 253 participants were analyzed. The overall complication rate was 24.1%, with 15.8% major complications (Dindo–Clavien grade ≥ 3). The most common minor complications (Dindo–Clavien grade &lt; 3) were hypokalemia and lower-extremity edema, with an incidence of 6.4%. The most common major complications were persistent and recurrent abscesses, with an incidence rate of 10.4%. These complications occurred in the early (median range 1–5 days) and delayed (median range 14–15 days) postoperative courses, respectively. Overall, the mortality rate was 0.4%. On multivariable analysis, an American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score &gt; 2 was associated with overall and major postoperative complications (odds ratio [OR], 3.38; 95% CI 1.75–6.51; p &lt; 0.001 and OR, 3.76; 95% CI 1.83–7.72; p &lt; 0.001, respectively). Additionally, female sex (OR, 1.97; 95% CI 1.05–3.70; p = 0.036) and C-reactive protein level &gt; 50 mg/L (OR, 2.25; 95% CI 1.01–4.98; p = 0.046) were associated with overall postoperative complications. Conclusions: This study introduces a novel application of the Dindo–Clavien classification to maxillofacial abscess surgery, providing a standardized framework for assessing postoperative complication severity. Through this approach, we identified ASA score &gt; 2, female sex, and CRP level &gt; 50 mg/L as risk factors for postoperative complications. Our findings highlight the importance of close monitoring during the first five postoperative days to detect early complications, such as persistent abscesses, and recommend standardized outpatient follow-up for at least two weeks to identify delayed complications, like recurrence.

Topic: Otolaryngology and Infectious Diseases
Subfield: Infectious Diseases
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Classical trajectory studies of the reaction CH4+H→CH3+H2

Trajectory data are reported for the reaction CH4+H→CH3+H2, designed to provide information that can be used to test approximate quantitative theories for the dynamics of abstraction reactions. A potential function was devised which properly reflects the nuclear permutation symmetry of the process. Microscopic reaction rate coefficients were obtained as functions of fixed rotational and vibrational energy, and of the angular momentum. The data indicated significant uncoupling between the various modes although, at a minimum, the symmetric stretch is directly coupled to the reaction coordinate at the transition state. The data were used to test the assumption that the total angular momentum, J, may be approximated by the orbital angular momentum, L. L is approximately conserved from the reactant to the saddle point configuration in reactive and nonreactive collisions and may be well approximated by J. The angular momentum about the long axis of the reacting system (equivalent to the K quantum number) is not conserved in either reactive or nonreactive trajectories.

Topic: Advanced Chemical Physics Studies
Subfield: Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
A Chloride Channel Model?

Miller explains in his Perspective [also see report by Malashkevich et al . ( p. 761 )] why the new pentameric coiled-coil structure of the extracellular matrix protein COMP is exciting for students of ion channels. The narrow channel created by the coils holds not only water but a chloride ion.

Topic: Ion channel regulation and function
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Mitigating Bias in Calibration Error Estimation

For an AI system to be reliable, the confidence it expresses in its decisions must match its accuracy. To assess the degree of match, examples are typically binned by confidence and the per-bin mean confidence and accuracy are compared. Most research in calibration focuses on techniques to reduce this empirical measure of calibration error, ECE_bin. We instead focus on assessing statistical bias in this empirical measure, and we identify better estimators. We propose a framework through which we can compute the bias of a particular estimator for an evaluation data set of a given size. The framework involves synthesizing model outputs that have the same statistics as common neural architectures on popular data sets. We find that binning-based estimators with bins of equal mass (number of instances) have lower bias than estimators with bins of equal width. Our results indicate two reliable calibration-error estimators: the debiased estimator (Brocker, 2012; Ferro and Fricker, 2012) and a method we propose, ECE_sweep, which uses equal-mass bins and chooses the number of bins to be as large as possible while preserving monotonicity in the calibration function. With these estimators, we observe improvements in the effectiveness of recalibration methods and in the detection of model miscalibration.

Topic: Adversarial Robustness in Machine Learning
Subfield: Artificial Intelligence
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Calculation of Characteristic Functions of Some Functionals of a Wiener Process and a Brownian Bridge

Previous article Next article Calculation of Characteristic Functions of Some Functionals of a Wiener Process and a Brownian BridgeA. A. Klyachko and Yu. V. SolodyannikovA. A. Klyachko and Yu. V. Solodyannikovhttps://doi.org/10.1137/1131066PDFBibTexSections ToolsAdd to favoritesExport CitationTrack CitationsEmail SectionsAbout[1] M. Kac and , A. J. Siegert, An explicit representation of a stationary Gaussian process, Ann. Math. Statistics, 18 (1947), 438–442 9,97a 0033.38501 CrossrefGoogle Scholar[2] A. A. Klyachko and , Yu. V. Solodyannikov, Determining the distribution of the convolution of a Wiener process, Problemy Peredachi Informatsii, 11 (1985), 41–48, (In Russian.) Google Scholar[3] A. A. Klyachko and , Yu. V. Solodyannikov, Determining the characteristic functions of some functionals of the Wiener process, the Fourth International Vilnius Conference on Probability Theory and Mathematical Statistics, Summary of Reports, v. IV, Institute of Mathematics and Cybernetics of the Lithuanian Acad. of Sci., 1985, 156–158, (In Russian.) Google Scholar[4] P. Lévy, Processus stochastiques et mouvement brownien, Gauthiers–Villars, Paris, 1965 Google Scholar Previous article Next article FiguresRelatedReferencesCited ByDetails Quadratic functionals and small ball probabilities for the $m$-fold integrated Brownian motionThe Annals of Probability, Vol. 31, No. 2 | 1 Apr 2003 Cross Ref Volume 31, Issue 3| 1987Theory of Probability & Its Applications375-562 History Submitted:10 November 1984Published online:28 July 2006 InformationCopyright © 1987 © Society for Industrial and Applied MathematicsPDF Download Article & Publication DataArticle DOI:10.1137/1131066Article page range:pp. 500-504ISSN (print):0040-585XISSN (online):1095-7219Publisher:Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics

Topic: Stochastic processes and financial applications
Subfield: Finance
Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance
Domain: Social Sciences
Sensitivity Analysis of Hoek-Brown Criterion Parameters on Slope Stability

The Hoek-Brown strength criterion has become one of the most widely used criterions in rock engineering because it can reflect the inherent characteristics and nonlinear damage characteristics of rock, explain the effect of low stress area,tensile stress area and minimum principal stress on strength. Since the subjective factors have a great influence on determining the Hoek-Brown criterion parameters, the sensitivity of Hoek-Brown criterion parameters are analyzed, including the parameters of mi, σci, GSI and D to internal friction angle , cohesion c and slope safety factor F, to provide some references for determining the parameters of Hoek-Brown criterion.

Topic: Geomechanics and Mining Engineering
Subfield: Mechanics of Materials
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Yield and Physical and Physiological Quality of Salvia hispanica L. Seeds Grown at Different Sowing Dates

Variations in the sowing date of chia (Salvia hispanica L.) reflect directly on the physiological potential of the produced seeds. This study aimed to analyze the yield and the physical and physiological quality of seeds from the main stem and branches of Salvia hispanica plants grown at different sowing dates. A field experiment was conducted in the crop year of 2016/2017 in five sowing dates (16/09/22, 16/10/28, 17/01/03, 17/02/08 and 17/03/24) in a randomized complete block design with four replicates. Harvest at each sowing date was done when 80% of the leaves of each plant exhibited a darker color, indicating that they were dry. Seed yield was determined in each plant compartment (main stem and branches) and final ear length (cm) and diameter (cm) were also measured at all sowing dates. The following physical and physiological tests were performed to determine seed quality: water content, mass of one thousand seeds, germination test, first count germination, length (root and hypocotyl) and dry matter of the seedlings. Chia can be sown from September to February providing seed yield with high physical and physiological quality. The physical and physiological quality of the chia seeds does not differ between main stem and branches. In late sowing, there is the risk of frost occurrence what may impair the physiological quality and the yield of chia seeds. The best sowing month for obtaining higher yield of chia seeds in a south subtropical region is January.

Topic: Polysaccharides Composition and Applications
Subfield: Food Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
New parallel programming language design: a bridge between brain models and multi-core/many-core computers?

The recurrent theme of this paper is that sequences of long temporal patterns as opposed to sequences of simple statements are to be fed into computation devices, being them (new proposed) models for brain activity or multi-core/many-core computers. In such models, parts of these long temporal patterns are already committed while other are predicted. This combination of matching patterns and making predictions appears as a key element in producing intelligent processing in brain models and getting efficient speculative execution on multi-core/many-core computers. A bridge between these far-apart models of computation could be provided by appropriate design of massively parallel, interactive programming languages. Agapia is a recently proposed language of this kind, where user controlled long high-level temporal structures occur at the interaction interfaces of processes. In this paper Agapia is used to link HTMs brain models with TRIPS multi-core/many-core architectures.

Topic: DNA and Biological Computing
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Italians in Chicago 1880-1930: A Study in Ethnic Mobility

Journal Article Italians in Chicago 1880–1930: A Study in Ethnic Mobility. By Humbert S. Nelli. (New York: Oxford University Press, 1970. xx + 300 pp. Maps, tables, notes, note on sources, and index. $8.50.) Get access Rudolph J. Vecoli Rudolph J. Vecoli University of Minnesota Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of American History, Volume 58, Issue 3, December 1971, Pages 776–778, https://doi.org/10.2307/1893785 Published: 01 December 1971

Topic: Race, History, and American Society
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
The Impact of Corporate Governance Structures on the Corporate Investment Performance in Turkey

In spite of the fact that most research has concentrated on the typical agency problem between managers and dispersed shareholders, in many countries large shareholders are much more frequently observed than firms with dispersed ownership structures. While large shareholders are perceived as a potential solution to the typical agency problem between managers and dispersed shareholders, less research has been done on the costs of large shareholders. One important issue in this literature is that deviations of cash flow rights from voting rights often result in substantial value discounts. In this paper we test for the impact of such deviations on corporate investment performance in Turkey. To measure corporate investment performance we estimate returns on investment relative to company costs of capital, a methodology that overcomes the endogeneity problem, which is known to contaminate results in the empirical corporate governance literature. Consistent with existing studies, we find that the average Turkish listed company has a return on investment which is less than its cost of capital. We also report significantly better investment performance for companies that do not deviate from one share–one vote by using pyramidal ownership structures, dual‐class shares and other devices that enhance the control power of large shareholders beyond their cash flow rights. We also find that business group membership improves the investment performance and relative market valuation of companies.

Topic: Corporate Finance and Governance
Subfield: Accounting
Field: Business, Management and Accounting
Domain: Social Sciences
The Variscan Millares granite (central Pyrenees): Pluton emplacement in a T fracture of a dextral shear zone

This work deals with the magnetic susceptibility and its anisotropy (AMS) in the Variscan Millares pluton in the Central Pyrenees. The zonation of low-field magnetic susceptibility is consistent with the concentric arrangement of rock-types, with more basic compositions at the external areas. Magnetic foliations defined from AMS strike NE-SW and dip gently towards the NW. Magnetic foliations are mainly perpendicular and oblique to the elongation of the pluton in map view (NW-SE) and show a concentric pattern at the central part, where the more acid rocks crop out. Magnetic lineations are scattered between NW-SE and NE-SW and plunge shallowly to the N. In map view magnetic lineations are distributed in domains normal to the elongation of the pluton. The contours of P' (degree of magnetic anisotropy) are oriented NE-SW and bands of oblate and prolate ellipsoids alternate perpendicular to the elongation of the pluton in map view. P' is between 1.009 and 1.055 in 93% of the specimens. Such low values are currently recorded in granites having magmatic fabrics and for which the anisotropy is mainly carried by biotite. The attitude of the magnetic foliation and the magnetic lineation, the geometry of the pluton, and their relationship with the host-rock structure suggest an intrusion contemporary with a transpressional regime, syntectonic with the late stages of the Variscan orogeny.

Topic: Geological and Geochemical Analysis
Subfield: Geophysics
Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences
Domain: Physical Sciences
Types of Honorific Address in Male Communication at Universitas Pamulang

Honorifics are an essential aspect of sociolinguistic studies because they represent how language reflects respect, hierarchy, and cultural values within a community. This study focuses specifically on identifying the types of honorific addresses employed in male communication within the English Literature Department of Universitas Pamulang. By limiting the scope to the categorization of address terms, the research aimed to contribute a detailed understanding of how men employ different honorifics in both formal and informal settings. A qualitative descriptive method was applied to explore these linguistic patterns. The participants consisted of 58 male respondents, including students, lecturers, and staff, who were selected purposively to represent a range of academic and social backgrounds. Data were collected through questionnaires, interviews, and direct observations, and were then analyzed thematically to identify recurring address terms. The findings reveal that male speakers at Universitas Pamulang utilize a variety of honorifics, such as Bang, Bro, Mas, Pak, Om, Kak, and Kang. These forms indicate a strong tendency to differentiate address terms based on social closeness, hierarchy, and cultural habit.

Topic: Linguistics and Language Analysis
Subfield: Language and Linguistics
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
UN ANÁLISIS DE LA GRANADA ZIRÍ A TRAVÉS DE LAS FUENTES ESCRITAS Y ARQUEOLÓGICAS

The settlement of Berber Zirids in Madīnat Ilbīra and their subsequent migration to Granada guiding the population of Ilbīra in 1013 leads the foundation of a new Islamic city and kingdom. It is in this period that the city experiences the largest expansion and some of the most popular buildings in the city are built. Irrigation canals and dykes, such as Acequia Gorda, Aynadamar and Axares, the ancient casbah (al-qaṣaba al-qadīma), the Great Mosque and even a part of Alhambra casbah date from this time.&#13;\nThus, in this article, we analised the History (the political evolution, the state, the power, the tax system and the society), and material culture of the Taifa kingdom of Granada. We tried to reconstruct this historical period&#13;\nthrough the written sources and, to draw up a hypothetical urban planning of the Granada city. Previously, we had gathered the results of the archaeological interventions carried out in Granada city and studied the remaining structures of the Zirid period.

Topic: Historical Studies of Medieval Iberia
Subfield: Archeology
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
HISTOPATHOLOGICAL STUDY OF SEPSIS EXPERIMENTALLY INDUCED BY CECAL LIGATION AND PUNCTURE IN RATS

The aim of this study was to investigate the histopathological lesions in the liver,kidney and lung sections in rats with sepsis that experimentally induced by cecal ligation and puncture CLP procedure to induce intra-abdominal infection. It was found that CLP models leads to higher mortality rate comparisons to sham-operated and un– operated animals. Also there were severe lesions in the liver , kidney and lung of rats with sepsis , characterized by severe massive necrosis in hepatic cells , while the histopathological changes in kidney of CLP rats revealed severe glomerulonehritis with infiltration of inflammatory cells , in lung , severe interstitial and bronchial pneumonia , with presence of severe thickening of blood vessel wall with thrombi . In conclusion, the results of this study have demonstrated that CLP induces high mortality rate , an acute systemic septic state with multiple organ dysfunction especially the Liver , kidney and Lung based on histopathological observations . These features were not observed in sham - operated or un-operated rats .

Topic: Sepsis Diagnosis and Treatment
Subfield: Epidemiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Quality Characteristics of oil Extracted from three Local Varieties of Pumpkin (yar awo, yar bahaushiya and yar madana) Seeds

Pumpkin oil-seed bearing fruit is of economic importance to many cultures across the globe used as food. The characteristics of the oil bearing seeds ('Yar madana, 'Yar bahaushiya and 'Yar awo) were quantitatively and qualitatively analyzed. Extraction was carried out by the use of solvent extraction method. The physicochemical properties, percentage yield, extraction rate, sensory attributes of the oils were also determined. The mean values of oil yield for 'Yar awo was significantly higher in acid value, FFA, moisture content were 54.64 %, 1.96 mg KOH/ g oil, 0.982 %; than 'Yar madana pumpkin 23.63%, 3.23 mg KOH/ g oil, 1.47 %; and 'Yar bahaushiya 28.34%, 2.95 mg KOH/ g oil, 1.61% respectively. Significance difference exits (&lt;0.05) in saponification, peroxide and iodine values for 'Yar madana variety 173.23 mg KOH/g oil, 5.50 mEq O2/g oil, 24.16 mg I2/100g; Yar Awo 197.70 mg KOH/g oil, 5.10 mEq O2/g oil, 29.28 mg I2/100g; and 'Yar bahaushiya 190.70 mg KOH/g oil, 2.00 mEq O2/g oil, 31.84 mg I2/100g. Specific gravity, refractive index, smoke point, flash point, fire point, moisture content for 'Yar madana variety were 0.92g/ml 1.44, 183.7°C, 261.9°C, 323.1°C, 'Yar Awo 0.90g/ml, 1.44, 186.4°C, 268.3°C, 318.6°C and 'Yar bahaushiya 0.94g/ml, 1.44, 183.7°C, 267.3°C, 314.4°C. The mean sensory attributes of 'Yar Awo variety was found to be most acceptable than the 'Yar madana and 'Yar bahaushiya. Low level of acid values and other properties obtained from the three local varieties of the pumpkin showed that the oil was edible.

Topic: Food Quality and Safety Studies
Subfield: Food Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Status of Community Pharmacy Functions and Regional Medical Collaboration System Initiatives in Japan

With the increase in life expectancy in Japan, the proportion of older adults requiring medical assistance continues to increase. Hence, the Japanese government proposed the establishment of a community-based integrated care system, aimed at ensuring housing, medical care, long-term care, prevention, and lifestyle support in a comprehensive manner by 2025. To achieve this paradigm shift, pharmacies must collaborate with their respective medical providers. Therefore, we conducted a questionnaire survey to investigate the characteristics of pharmacies with successful regional medical collaborations. An original questionnaire was sent to 1200 randomly sampled pharmacies in Tokyo, of which 350 (29.2%) responded. These were evaluated based on the implementation of regional medical collaboration. The adequacy of a regional medical collaboration system was positively related to the operational structure (e.g., staffing and information sharing within the pharmacy) and the number of hospitals (including clinics) issuing prescriptions. In addition, insufficient personnel and a lack of interaction with other medical providers were identified as major obstacles to implementing regional collaboration. Notably, the geographic distance from medical providers and the type of division of labor with medical providers were not associated with the adequacy of engagement in a regional medical collaboration system. The results of this study suggest that it may be possible to move closer to the realization of a community-based integrated care system through communication with other healthcare professionals and appropriate staffing regardless of the pharmacy's business form.

Topic: Pharmacy and Medical Practices
Subfield: Pharmacology
Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics
Domain: Life Sciences