jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Music and Dance at the Royal Courts of Cambodia

The history of the royal courts and Khmer performing arts of Cambodia is long and fascinating. Reaching their zenith in the Angkor period from the ninth to fifteenth centuries, thousands of remnant ancient stone monuments, epigraphic inscriptions, sculptures and bas-reliefs across Cambodia, and beyond, attest to the great and opulent Khmer civilisation and culture. Today’s Khmer performing arts are the continuation and further development of the priceless legacy of Angkor, though this evolution has not always been smooth or straightforward. Broadly speaking, the arts are the interwoven fabric of Khmer life, reflecting the daily activities and temperament of the people, through which culture is integral to the Khmer soul and identity. And in particular, court-related functions – such as birth anniversaries, crowning anniversaries and celebrations, royal ceremonies, state occasions, diplomatic receptions and entertainment – have been the major means by which the country’s performing arts have been refined and presented. This chapter examines the history, development and sociocultural context of Khmer courts, with special focus on court music and dance-drama, through different epochs down to the present. The discussion suggests that Khmer performing arts are a source of pride and inspiration; they serve as the magnet and glue to shape, form, seal, affirm and reaffirm the unity and solidarity of the Khmer people and Cambodian nation.

Topic: Cambodian History and Society
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Hepatocellular carcinoma cells Raman spectra with gold and silver colloid as SERS substrate

In this paper, Raman spectra of hepatocellular carcinoma cells were analyzed using gold and silver nanoparticles as SERS active substrates. The size of gold and silver nanoparticles is about 50-60 nm, and these nanoparticles have enhancement role to the Raman spectrum of hepatocellular carcinoma cells. The results show that the Raman enhancement effects of gold colloid are more sensitive than silver colloid to cells.

Topic: Spectroscopy Techniques in Biomedical and Chemical Research
Subfield: Biophysics
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Exosomes derived from oxLDL-stimulated macrophages induce neutrophil extracellular traps to drive atherosclerosis

This study aimed to investigate the role and underlying mechanism of exosomes secreted by oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL)-stimulated macrophages in the progression of atherosclerosis (AS). Exosomes from peripheral blood of AS patients or oxLDL-treated macrophages were co-cultured with human neutrophils. Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) were detected by immunofluorescence staining. The levels of inflammatory cytokines were quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The expression levels of miR-146a and superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) were determined by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and western blot. The generation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) was observed by using dichlorofluorescin diacetate (DCFH-DA). ApoE-deficient mice were fed with high-fat diet (HFD) to induce AS. Atherosclerotic plaques were evaluated by Oil red O (ORO) and hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining. Our results showed that miRNA-146a was enriched in serum-derived exosomes of AS patients and oxLDL-treated macrophage THP-1-derived exosomes. Importantly, exosomal miR-146a secreted by oxLDL-treated macrophages promoted ROS and NETs release via targeting SOD2. In addition, intravenous administration of oxLDL-treated THP-1 cells-derived exosomes into AS mice significantly deteriorated AS <i>in vivo</i>. Our findings indicate that exosomal miR-146a derived from oxLDL-treated macrophages promotes NETs formation via inducing oxidative stress, which might provide a novel scientific basis for the understanding of AS progression.

Topic: Atherosclerosis and Cardiovascular Diseases
Subfield: Immunology
Field: Immunology and Microbiology
Domain: Life Sciences
A novel MAC protocol for underwater acoustic, sensor networks

Constrained by the interior properties of underwater acoustic channels such as limited bandwidth, time-varying multipath propagation, and large propagation delay, the design of multiple access (MAC) protocols for underwater acoustic sensor networks (UWSN) poses significant challenges. Existing MAC protocols for UWSNs exhibit very low performance in channel utilization, throughput and end-to-end delay, as well as energy consumption since 1) they are based on the conventional stop-and-wait (SW) transmission scheme, and 2) fewer has error-control mechanism at the data link layer. In this paper, we assume the UWSN has a multi-hop flat topology, where there exist a sink node and some other common sensor nodes; all the nodes adopt Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) to access channel. First, we classify all the nodes into different groups according to the numbers of hops between these nodes themselves and the sink node; the nodes belonging to different groups adopt TDMA frames with different starting time. We then propose a new MAC protocol by incorporating the multi-channel technique and the juggling-like stop-and-wait (JSW) transmission scheme (which was tailored for underwater acoustic communications), which is called the JB-MAC. Finally, simulation results are presented to highlight its good performance in terms of channel utilization, throughput and delay.

Topic: Underwater Vehicles and Communication Systems
Subfield: Ocean Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Supplementary figure S1 from Combined Effects of Suberoylanilide Hydroxamic Acid and Cisplatin on Radiation Sensitivity and Cancer Cell Invasion in Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer

&lt;p&gt;Doses and LD50 values determinations for SAHA and Cisplatin in U2OS reporter cells&lt;/p&gt;

Topic: Electron Spin Resonance Studies
Subfield: Biophysics
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Development of Chicken Sausages: Value Addition to Spent Hen Meat

India is the most popular country for the production of poultry eggs which lead to the problem with the disposal off spent hens. Utilization of such spent hen meat is a big challenge to modify into potential palatable value added products. The present study had made an attempt to develop chicken sausages using spent hen meat. Two varieties of chicken sausages were developed viz., one without ginger garlic paste and the other with incorporation of ginger garlic paste at three percent level and stored at refrigerated temperatures (-18±10 c) for a period of 60 days at 15 days intervals. The sensory evaluation results on cooked samples clearly demonstrated highly acceptable scores in the fresh samples and slightly lower scores on storage. The experimental samples scored relatively better than control sample indicating the positive effectiveness with the incorporation of ginger garlic paste on enhancing the palatability as well as shelf life

Topic: Animal Nutrition and Physiology
Subfield: Animal Science and Zoology
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Additional file 2 of The influence of race in older adults with infective endocarditis

Additional file 2: Table S2. Demographics and hospital outcomes comparing White and Black patients age ≥ 18 and older hospitalized with infective endocarditis, National Inpatient Sample (2013–2014). Table S3. Adults age 18 years and older: Odds ratios for hospital outcomes in infective endocarditis for black and white patients.

Topic: Infective Endocarditis Diagnosis and Management
Subfield: Epidemiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Linguistic identities of Finnish students : what has English got to do with it?

Monikielisyys on osa arkeamme. Täten se voi vaikuttaa myös monien identiteetteihin. Koska myös kielellinen identiteetti muuttuu jatkuvasti, on mahdollista, että opitut kielet voivat vaikuttaa sen rakentumiseen. Monikielisyyden vaikutuksia suomalaisten kieli-identiteetteihin ei olla kuitenkaan mittavasti tutkittu, ja monet aiemmista tutkimuksista keskittyvät vain CLIL-oppijoihin. Tässä tutkielmassa halusin tutkia sekä suomella että vieraalla kielellä opiskelevia lukiolaisia, ja samalla myös löytää mahdollisia yhtäläisyyksiä ja eroavaisuuksia näiden ryhmien välillä. Tutkielmaani varten haastattelin yhteensä kahdeksaa lukiolaista tarkoituksenani kuulla, kuinka he puhuvat kielellisestä identiteetistään ja millaisia repertuaareja he käyttävät. Pidin kaksi ryhmähaastattelua, joista toisessa oli IB-lukiolaisia ja toisessa opiskelijoita suomenkielisestä lukiosta. Kysymykset koskivat haastateltavia kielenkäyttäjinä, heidän opiskelemiaan kieliä sekä heidän ajatuksiaan omasta mahdollisesta monikielisyydestään. Analysoin aineistoni diskursiivisella otteella, minkä jälkeen pystyin nimeämään sen pohjalta kolme eri repertuaaria: tärkeys vs. merkityksettömyys, kielenoppija vs. kielenkäyttäjä sekä yksikielinen vs. monikielinen. Sain selville, että englannilla oli suuri merkitys lukiolaisten kielelliselle identiteetille. Se oli opiskelluista kielistä ainoa, joka koettiin suomen lisäksi tärkeäksi ja jonka osaamista kuvattiin positiivisesti. Monikielisyydestä puhuttaessa englanti oli myös ainoa kieli, jonka taitaminen vaikutti opiskelijoiden käsityksiin itsestään, eikä englantia enää nähty vieraana kielenä. Kaikki opiskelijat eivät kuitenkaan jakaneet näitä mielipiteitä, sillä haastateltaviin kuului myös opiskelijoita, jotka kokivat olevansa yksikielisiä. Osa heistä myös koki englannin vaikeana, eivätkä he nähneet tulevaisuudessa käyttävänsä sitä ainakaan merkittävissä määrin.

Topic: Second Language Learning and Teaching
Subfield: Literature and Literary Theory
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Comprehensive Thermodynamic Analysis of Steam Storage in a Steam Cycle in a Different Regime of Work: A Zero-Dimensional and Three-Dimensional Approach

Abstract Due to the current trends aiming to reduce carbon dioxide emissions by increasing the use of renewable energy sources, changes are required in the operation of coal-fired steam units. The unstable nature of renewable energy sources, depending on weather conditions, means that the amount of energy produced varies and is not always in line with peak demand. To ensure the security and stability of energy supplies in the energy system, renewable sources should cooperate with units independent of environmental conditions. With conventional steam systems, the main issue of such energy storage applied to steam turbine units is presented in this article, which, in the event of a need for a sudden reduction of the system load, prevents overloading of the boiler and turbines, improving the safety of the system. This article presents a thermodynamic model of this energy storage. A zero-dimensional (0D) model was implemented, including the operating parameters of the unit. This model directly relates to the thermodynamic parameters defined at specific points of the thermodynamic cycle. Based on the 0D model, it was shown that the process of loading the energy storage with steam leads to a load reduction of up to 4%. Conversely, when discharging the stored energy, the net power of the steam block may increase by 0.4%. For more detailed analysis, a three-dimensional (3D) nonequilibrium with including cross effects approach was applied. This approach is based on flow models, with phase transitions that determine temperature fields, densities, and phase transition in relevant space, and is used for more accurate analysis. Here, we investigate the relationship between the 0D and 3D approaches in the context of steam storage. The combination of these two approaches is the fundamental novelty of this article.

Topic: Thermodynamic and Exergetic Analyses of Power and Cooling Systems
Subfield: Mechanical Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Natural Prenylated Xanthones as Potential Inhibitors of PI3k/Akt/mTOR Pathway in Triple Negative Breast Cancer Cells

Abstract Three prenylated xanthones, garcinone E (1), bannaxanthone D (2) and bannanxanthone E (3) were isolated from the leaves of Garcinia mckeaniana Graib. Their structures were elucidated by spectral methods and compared with literature data. To evaluate their anti-proliferative effects in tumor cells, firstly, cisplatin was used as a positive control and the effects of compound 1 – 3 were determined by performing MTT assay in MDA-MB-231, CNE-2 and A549 cancer cells. The results showed compound 1 – 3 exhibited stronger inhibitory effect than cisplatin in MDA-MB-231. Further effects of compound 1 – 3 in TNBC MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468 cells were examined by performing cell cycle and apoptosis assays. The results indicated that compound 1 – 3 had ability to arrest cell cycle at G2/M phase and induce apoptosis. Furthermore, compound 2 significantly down-regulated PI3K, Akt and mTOR levels in both total proteins and phosphorylated form, which is its potential anti-cancer mechanism. These findings indicated that those prenylated xanthones might serve as promising leading compounds for the development of anticancer drug for TNBC.

Topic: Natural Compound Pharmacology Studies
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Psychological Factors in the Development of Football-Talent from the Perspective of an Integrative Sport-Talent Model

This study presents a new, integrative model of sports talent. Following the theoretical part of the study a football-talent research is presented, in which a theoretical framework is provided by this new theory of sports talent. This research examines the role of psychological factors in football talent development. The sample was N=425 football-players of the First Division Men’s Junior and Adolescent Football Championships of the Hungarian Football League, and their coaches (N=21). The applied instruments were: Sporting Background Questionnaire, The Tennessee Self-Concept Scale (TSCS – Hungarian version), Psychological Immune Competence Inventory (PICI), Athletic Coping Skills Inventory (ACSI), Advanced Progressive Matrices (APM), Co-Player Questionnaire, and Coach Questionnaire. As a result, significant differences were found between talented and control groups in the case of 27 variables out of 48 (6 scales of the SBQ, 5 scales of the ACSI-28, 9 scales of the PISI, 5 subscales and the Total self-concept scale of the TSCS, and in APM). More talented players showed more favourable values in each of the 27 intra-, and interpersonal dimensions. According to our results, the development of psychological factors (e.g. concentration, lack of anxiety, self-confidence, coping skills, and social skills) within an integrative approach can enhance personal efficiency in developing football giftedness.

Topic: Sport Psychology and Performance
Subfield: Developmental and Educational Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Effect of Potassium and Zinc on Soil Properties and Fraction of Potassium and Zinc in Soil

A field experiment was carried out on Agronomy Farm, B. A. College of Agriculture, Anand Agricultural University, Anand during rabi season of the year 2020-21. The experiment comprising nine treatment combinations consisted of three levels of potassium (0, 20 and 40 kg/ha) and three levels of zinc (0, 2.5 and 5.0 kg/ha). These treatments were evaluated in Randomized Block Design (factorial) with four replications. The soil of the experimental plot was loamy sand in texture, alkaline in reaction, low in organic carbon and available nitrogen, medium in available phosphorus, potassium and zinc. Results of the experiment revealed that the available K2O in soil was significantly increased due to application of 40 kg K2O/ha (K2) and was found to be at par with application of 20 kg K2O/ha (K1). All other chemical properties of soil (pH, EC, organic carbon, available N, P2O5, S, Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu) were not differ significantly due to application of different levels of potassium. Levels of zinc also failed to produce its significant effect on chemical properties of soil except available Zn in soil as it was significantly increased with the treatment of Z2 (5.0 kg Zn/ha) than control but was found to be at par with treatment Z1 (2.5 kg Zn/ha). Moreover, no any chemical property of soil differ due to the interaction of different levels of potassium and zinc. The water soluble K and exchangeable K fractions in soil significantly increased with the treatment of K2 (40 kg K2O/ha) otherwise non-exchangeable K, total K and different zinc fractions in soil did not differ significantly by the different levels of potassium. Different potassium fractions and total Zn fraction in soil were found to be non-significant under the different zinc levels but all the zinc fractions in soil (water soluble plus exchangeable Zn, carbonate bound Zn, Fe/Mn oxide bound Zn, organically bound Zn and residual Zn) significantly increased with the treatment of Z2 (5.0 kg Zn/ha) and was remained at par with treatment Z1 (2.5 kg Zn/ha). The interaction between potassium and zinc failed to influence significantly on potassium and zinc factions in soil.

Topic: Agricultural Science and Fertilization
Subfield: Soil Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Insight into BN Impurity Formation during Boron Nitride Nanotube Synthesis by High-Temperature Plasma

The high-temperature plasma process has demonstrated great potential in growing high-quality boron nitride nanotubes (BNNTs) with small diameters (∼5 nm) and few walls (3-4 walls) and led to successful commercialization with a high production rate approaching 20 g/h. However, the process is still accompanied by the production of BN impurities (e.g., <i>a</i>-BN, BN shell, BN flakes) whose physicochemical properties are similar to those of BNNTs. This renders the post-purification process very challenging and thus hampers the development of their practical applications. In this study, we have employed both experimental and numerical approaches for a mechanistic understanding of BN impurity formation in the high-temperature plasma process. This study suggests that the flow structure of the plasma jet (e.g., laminar or turbulent) plays a key role in the formation of BN impurities by dictating the transport phenomena of BNNT seeds (e.g., B droplets), which play an important role in BNNT nucleation. We discussed that the turbulence enhances the radial diffusion of B droplets as well as their interparticle coagulation, which leads to a significant reduction in the population of effective BNNT seeds in the BNNT growth zone (<i>T</i> < 4000 K). This results in the generation of unreacted BN precursors (e.g., B-N-H species) in the BNNT growth zone that eventually self-assemble into BN impurities. Our numerical simulation also suggests that a higher thermal energy input makes the flow more turbulent in the BNNT growth zone due to the elevated velocity difference between the plasma jet and ambient cold gas. This finding provides critical insight into the process design that can suppress the BN impurity formation in the high-temperature plasma process.

Topic: Boron and Carbon Nanomaterials Research
Subfield: Materials Chemistry
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
A Formal Logical Framework for Cadiag-2

Cadiag-2&amp;mdash;where &amp;ldquo;Cadiag&amp;rdquo; stands for &amp;ldquo;computer-assisted diagnosis&amp;rdquo;&amp;mdash; is an expert system based on fuzzy logic assisting in the differential diagnosis in internal medicine. With its aid, it is possible to derive from possibly vague information about a patient's symptoms, signs, laboratory test results, and clinical findings conjectures about present diseases. In this paper, we provide a mathematical formalization of the inferential mechanism of Cadiag-2. The aim is to have a formal logical calculus at hand which corresponds to the mode of operation of Cadiag-2 and which is among others needed to perform consistency checking of Cadiag-2's medical knowledge base.

Topic: Biomedical Text Mining and Ontologies
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Indonesia's economic performance in comparative perspective and a new policy framework for 2049

This is the first paper of a planned 'Indonesia 2049' project, which asks how far Indonesia's economy will have developed 100 years after actual political independence in 1949. We compare dimensions of Indonesia's economy with those of two oil exporters (Mexico and Nigeria), three large populous developing economies (China, India and Brazil) and three Southeast Asian neighbours (Malaysia, Thailand and the Philippines). Under Soeharto, Indonesia's economic performance was better than it had been under Soekarno, and above the average of the eight comparator countries, but below that of the East Asian economies. Our view is that Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono's second administration must adopt a new economic policy framework to ensure successful transition to knowledge-based growth. This proposed new framework goes beyond the Washington Consensus of 'getting prices right' and 'getting institutions right' to include 'getting the role of science right' and 'getting the conception of the reform process right'.

Topic: Natural Resources and Economic Development
Subfield: General Economics, Econometrics and Finance
Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance
Domain: Social Sciences
Automated Verification for Real-Time Systems via Implicit Clocks and an Extended Antimirov Algorithm

This is the artifact for paper "Automated Verification for Real-Time Systems via Implicit Clocks and an Extended Antimirov Algorithm" The latest code can be found in https://github.com/songyahui/Timed_Verification Our benchmark contains three folders: - Validation: We manually annotate TimEffs specifications for a set of synthetic examples (for about 54 programs), to test the main contributions, including: computing effects from symbolic timed programs written in C^t ; and the inclusion checking for TimEffs with the parallel composition, block waiting operator and shared global variables. - Experiment1: For 16 C^t programs, and the annotated temporal specifications are in a 1:1 ratio for succeeded/failed cases. We record the evaluation results in Table 3 in the paper. - Experiment12: comparison with the PAT [16] model checker using real-life Fischer’s mutual exclusion algorithm.

Topic: Real-Time Systems Scheduling
Subfield: Hardware and Architecture
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences