jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
An Integration of Reputation-based and Policy-based Trust Management

Abstract. Trust management is currently being tackled from two different perspectives: a “strong and crisp ” approach, where decisions are founded on logical rules and verifiable properties encoded in digital credentials, and a “soft and social ” approach, based on reputation measures gathered and shared by a distributed community. We analyze the differences between the two models of trust and argue that an integrated approach would improve significantly trust management systems. We support our claim with real world scenarios and illustrate how the two models are integrated in PROTUNE, the core policy specification language of the network of excellence REWERSE. 1

Topic: Access Control and Trust
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
STUDIES TOWARD AN IMPROVED RADIOACTIVE IONIZATION GAGE FOR MEASUREMENT OF EXTREME ALTITUDE AND VELOCITES

The continued development of a radioactive ionization pressure gage head and associated readout circuit for the measurement of pitot and static pressures encountered in flight over an altitude range from 0 to 300,000 ft and Mach number range from-0 to 7 is described. A preliminary cir cuit of a pulse type readout was developed which was capable of measuring the ionization current output from the gage head over a range of five decades without swithing. A wind tunnel program was conducted to determine static pressure port locations on the X-15 aircraft which are independent of angle of attack at M = 6.8. The results are presented in grapical form, and suitable locations are recommended. Analytical studies were made to determine the time response of various gage volume and connecting tubing combinations, such as would be used in aircraft applications. The effects of thermal transpiration were also investigated. (auth)

Topic: Advanced Sensor Technologies Research
Subfield: Biomedical Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Disparities in Insurance Type among Minorities for Congestive Heart Failure Diagnosis in the Ambulatory Care Setting

Background: Lack of access to healthcare, health insurance and health providers and access to quality healthcare is strongly related to socioeconomic inequalities. These inequities are thought to reflect social and economic disparities more than biological differences associated with the race of the individuals. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the associations between ethnicity/race and method of payment with the diagnosis of new onset heart failure in the ambulatory care setting. Health care disparities have been well documented to exist in various demographics and socioeconomic statuses. Specifically, there are differences in access to and quality of healthcare between ethnic and racial groups; and additionally, the quantity and quality of care that a patient receives is dependent on the patients’ insurance status. Methods: Data sets for this study were retrieved from the 2010 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC’s] National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey (NAMCS) - as this is the most recent data available for analysis. The IBM SPSS Version 20.0 statistical software was used to conduct the analysis of the data. Cross-tabulation of the dependent and independent variables was completed to examine the prevalence of CHF diagnosis by insurance type and ethnicity/race. Correlation tests were run to determine if any significant correlations between the variable existed in the target population. Lastly, Chi-Square tests were analyzed on the independent variable to determine if there was a statistically significant association with the dependent variable. Result: The results supported past research which found that racial, ethnic, and socioeconomic disparities exist in health care. The data demonstrates the number of respondents’ self-identified ethnicity/race cross referenced with the corresponding method of payment. In addition, the number of respondents’ self-identified ethnicity/race was cross referenced with the number of new diagnosis of CHF. Conclusion: Disparities in the diagnosis of CHF are significantly associated with ethnicity, race, and insurance status. The results demonstrate that substantial differences exist between ethnicities and race in the diagnosis of CHF. Further, substantial differences were discovered in the diagnosis of CHF between the privately insured, publically insured, and the uninsured.

Topic: Healthcare Policy and Management
Subfield: Economics and Econometrics
Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance
Domain: Social Sciences
Effectiveness of commitment contracts in facilitating change in continuing medical education intervention

The purpose of this study was to determine whether physicians who committed themselves to making changes in clinical practice following a continuing medical education (CME) course were more likely to change than those not asked to make such a commitment. Physicians participating in a short course in geriatrics were randomly assigned to either a commitment to change group or a no commitment to change group. The physicians in the commitment to change group were asked to identify areas of their clinical practice that they planned to alter as a result of the educational program. All physicians were followed up at 1 and 3 months after the course, either in person or by telephone, to determine what changes they had made. Both groups made changes in their practice, with the largest number of changes being made by the commitment to change group. This study suggests that behavioral change can accruefrom a short-course intervention and that this is facilitated when physicians have committed to make change.

Topic: Healthcare Policy and Management
Subfield: Economics and Econometrics
Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance
Domain: Social Sciences
EFFECTIVE SHIELDING OF UNIDIRECTIONAL CURRENT GENERATED MAGNETIC FIELDS

This paper presented an effective shielding design of magnetic fields generated by unidirectional current. Theoretical formulas and numerical computation software based on boundary element method (BEM) are employed to evaluate the shielding effectiveness (SE) of cylindrical shell. It is shown that ungrounded or one end grounded metal shell is ineffective for such magnetic fields. SE can be obtained by connecting the two ends of the conducting shell with low impedance connector, or alternatively, grounding the two ends. The experimental results also support these conclusions.

Topic: Electromagnetic Compatibility and Measurements
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Fig. 2 in New records of Heteroptera from the Canary Islands (Spain), IV

Fig. 2.- Nymph of Zelus renardii Kolenati, 1857, near Puerto del Carmen, Lanzarote, Canary Islands, Spai n. (Photo: Warren Stevens).

Topic: HIV-related health complications and treatments
Subfield: Emergency Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Expression of p53 gene in hepatocellular carcinomas induced by aflatoxin B1 with or without human hepatitis B virus in tree shrews

Using tree shrew as an animal model, our previous studies have demonstrated synergistic effects of aflatoxin B-1 (AFB(1)) and human hepatitis B virus (HHBV) in the induction of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In the present study, we have examined expression of p53 gene in HCCs induced by AFB(1) with or without HHBV infection in tree shrews. Avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex immunohistochemical method with human p53-CM1 polyclonal antibody has been used to detect p53 expression in serial sections of paraffin-embedded liver and HCC tissues. Five out of 9 animals with HCCs (55.6%) induced by AFB(1) with HHBV infection and 2/3 animals with HCCs (66.7%) induced by AFB(1) alone expressed the p53 protein. Out of 18 HCCs examined, expression of p53 protein was observed in 9/10 moderately and poorly differentiated HCCs (0/8). None of the well differentiated HCCs (0/8) expressed p53 (0%). Similarly, no p53 expression was observed in either non-tumorous or hyperplastic liver tissues or nodules. These results suggest that p53 expression associated with p53 mutation is a late event occurring probably during tumor progression in AFB(1) and HHBV induced hepatocarcinogenesis in the tree shrew. This report is the first example of an experimental animal model where combination of human HBV and AFB(1)-induced HCCs demonstrate p53 expression.

Topic: Cancer-related Molecular Pathways
Subfield: Oncology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Influence of Chemistry and Topology Effects on Superhydrophobic CF<sub>4</sub>-Plasma-Treated Poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS)

Superhydrophobic surfaces are gaining considerable interest in a lot of different applications, and nonetheless, precise control over the wettability properties of such surfaces is still a challenge due to difficulties when controlling the effects independently induced on superhydrophobicity by the chemical and topological surface characteristics. We have fabricated engineered superhydrophobic surfaces onto poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) substrates by means of suitable CF4-plasma treatments. These treatments allowed the modification of both the morphological properties of the PDMS surface, due to a preferential etching of certain components of its macromolecules, and the chemical ones, by the deposition of a fluorinated layer. Chemical effects were separated from topological ones by performing a double replica molding process of the CF4-plasma-treated surfaces. This allowed us to obtain positive copies of the structured surfaces without the overlaying fluorinated coating affecting the surface chemistry. Such replicated surfaces showed a decrease of the contact angle if compared to the treated ones and therefore evidenced chemistry's weight in superhydrophobicity effects. In particular, we found that, for highly dense columnar-like PDMS microstructures, the effect of the plasma-deposited fluorinated layer covering surfaces produces an enhancement of the contact angle of about 20 degrees .

Topic: Surface Modification and Superhydrophobicity
Subfield: Surfaces, Coatings and Films
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
SMOSice 2014: Data Acquisition Report

Project: Technical Support for the 2014 SMOSice Campaign in SE Svalbard&#13;\nESA Contract Number: 4000110477/14/NL/FF/lf&#13;\nTechnical Report No. 1, 2014

Topic: Arctic and Antarctic ice dynamics
Subfield: Atmospheric Science
Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences
Domain: Physical Sciences
Malpractice in diagnosis and treatment of craniocerebral injuries in cases reviewed by the Forensic Medicine Department, Medical University of Łódź.

Analyzed material comprised 17 errors during the decision-making process, including 4 diagnostic errors, as well as 1 therapeutic, 1 executive, and 1 organisational error. The most common error was disqualification from hospitalization of patients who should be observed in hospital. It was followed (in order of frequency) by errors related to transportation to the sobering chamber or to another hospital, and failure to perform or misinterpretation of imaging studies. The fewest errors referred to treatment. The main cause of craniocerebral injury was fall of a drunk person, and the alcohol intoxication made diagnosis difficult and delayed.

Topic: Medical Malpractice and Liability Issues
Subfield: Pharmacy
Field: Health Professions
Domain: Health Sciences
Diffuse interfacial regions between oil/water microemulsions at low surfactant concentration: phase diagram, composition, and structure investigations

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDiffuse interfacial regions between oil/water microemulsions at low surfactant concentration: phase diagram, composition, and structure investigationsCecilia M. C. Gambi, Liliane. Leger, and Christiane. TaupinCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1987, 91, 17, 4536–4544Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1987Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1987https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100301a023https://doi.org/10.1021/j100301a023research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views84Altmetric-Citations3LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts

Topic: Surfactants and Colloidal Systems
Subfield: Organic Chemistry
Field: Chemistry
Domain: Physical Sciences
The Spillover Effects of Grade-Retained Classmates: Evidence from Urban Elementary Schools

Numerous studies have examined how grade retention can impede the academic success of those retained students. One uncharted line of research is the spillover effect that retained students may exert on their classmates. The purpose of this study is to evaluate this relationship for students in urban elementary school classrooms. To do so, this study analyzes a longitudinal data set comprising entire populations of five elementary school cohorts within the School District of Philadelphia. Because individual student records can be linked to teacher and classroom data as well as to school, grade, and year identifiers, this study employs a series of multilevel fixed-effects models to address estimation issues regarding omitted variable bias. All results indicate that the effects of having a greater number of grade-retained peers are detrimental to the standardized achievement outcomes of nonretained classmates. Data-driven policy implications are discussed.

Topic: School Choice and Performance
Subfield: Education
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
“Children of the Revolution”

Abstract This interview of Gregory Randall offers a lens onto a transnational life experience, including that of international refugees in Cuba. Randall was born in New York in 1960. He spent his early childhood in Mexico and arrived in Cuba in 1970, where he remained until the 1980s. In this interview, Randall reflects on Cuban policies toward women, homosexuality, and youth. He also analyzes his own family’s experience, characterized by a strong commitment to reflecting the Cuban Revolution in its own social relations and its ways of living and loving. The interview provides a unique perspective on these challenges and on Cuban history, shaped by Randall’s particular position in that historical process. Unmoored from national frameworks, his subjectivity is anchored in a transnational Left sensibility. He belongs to a generation of children of the revolution, part of Socialist Cuba as children and teenagers, and belonging to Left and internationalist families.

Topic: Cuban History and Society
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
A comparative approach for classifying retinal OCT images based on deep learning framework

Convolutional Networks are category of deep optimizing networks used to interpret images in Deep Learning concepts. Image recognition and medical image analysis are two areas where they are useful. The increasing scale of clinical feature spaces is raising a significant obstacle, creating issues with extensive database management, and afterward compiling those repositories for retrieval and storage, that could only be addressed using content based medical image retrieval systems. The objective of this paper is to demonstrate a deep CNN architecture for retrieving research and clinical images quickly and efficiently for identifying multi-class retinal disease objects. To train the network, the datasets used are inter-modal and divided into 4 groups. The transfer learning method is used for the multi-classification of retinal images. Another augmentation technique is used for comparing the accuracy, precision, and evaluation metrics with the transfer learning method. The accuracy of 97.1%, with a recall of 97.2%, and a precision of 97.0% was achieved in research that is higher when compared with the previous methods that were deployed. With the augmentation technique, it achieved an accuracy of 94.0% with a 94.6% precision and a recall of 95.1% for the testing data which suggests that decreasing the size of data did not impact the accuracy of the model. The proposed model helps diagnose various categories of medical images for the development of a comprehensive system that can work better than the human experts and help to detect and diagnose various diseases in the medical and clinical fields.

Topic: Retinal Imaging and Analysis
Subfield: Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Late Vascular Complications of Lumbar Disc Surgery — Case Reports

Many reports have been published describing different vascular lesions after lumbar disc surgery but the actual incidence is probably higher than has been published. Lesions of vascular structures (aorta, iliac arteries, and veins) close to the spine can arise as a consequence of the removal of disc fragments. In emergency cases, general surgeons are usually called upon to deal with these in the absence of more qualified vascular surgeons. But for an elective case, an experienced vascular surgeon's knowledge of the pathogenesis and ap propriate management of these lesions is mandatory for the proper care of the patients. Herein, 3 additional cases of late vascular complications of lumbar disc surgery, their diagnostic features, and correct treatments are presented.

Topic: Spinal Hematomas and Complications
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Fluorinated polyimide waveguide film fabricated by replication process and its application to optical interconnection

Replication processes of a fluorinated polyimide film were demonstrated using a polyimide and a quartz glass molds. A silicon-oxide was introduced on the top of the mold, which could significantly improve the separation between the mold and the fluorinated polyimide film without degrading the optical property. A single- and a multimode waveguide film were fabricated using a cladding film with grooves formed by our replication process. The multimode waveguide exhibited low optical propagation loss of 0.36dB/cm at the wavelength of 0.85um. Using the fluorinated polyimide waveguide film, a low cost optical board with vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) and photodiode (PD) was developed for intra-board level optical interconnection. The edges of the multimode waveguide film were butt-coupled to a commercialized 0.85um multimode VCSEL and PD by the passive alignment technique developed. The waveguide film coupled with the VCSEL and the PD was mounted on a FR-4 printed wiring board (PWB), bending the waveguide film. The total loss of two couplings between the waveguide and optical components (VCSEL and PD) was obtained to be less than 3 dB. We confirmed that the high-bit-rate data, >3Gbps, was transmitted using the optical board on the PWB.

Topic: Semiconductor Lasers and Optical Devices
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Tau Protein Preferentially Associates With Synaptic Mitochondria in a Mouse Model of Tauopathy

Abstract BackgroundA consequence of an aging society is a continual and dramatic increase in the number of patients suffering from tauopathies, including Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and certain frontotemporal dementias. Accumulation of intracellular inclusions of abnormal fibrillar forms and hyperphosphorylated forms of microtubule-associated protein tau are hallmarks of AD and other tauopathies. Although tau pathology is associated with neuronal dysfunction the mechanism responsible remains obscure. In vitro , pathologically elevated expression of tau alters mitochondrial distribution by impairing cellular trafficking and thus may represent an important mediator of mitochondrial abnormalities contributing to neuronal dysfunction. We used the transgenic htau mouse model of tauopathy to investigate in vivo alterations in brain mitochondria in the presence of pathological forms of human tau.MethodsIn this study, we investigated alterations in bioenergetics and profiled the proteome of brain mitochondria from wild-type (WT) and htau mice at ages prior to and coinciding with pathologic tau deposition in htau mice. In addition, we characterized the expression of total and hyperphosphorylated forms of tau associated with synaptic mitochondria by biochemical fractionation and immunoblotting.ResultsSignificant tau pathology-dependent alterations in synaptic mitochondrial bioenergetics were observed at 8 mo nths, but not 5 months, of agein htau mice; however, non-synaptic mitochondrial function remained unaltered. Further, compared to control mice, proteins involved in microtubule-based movement were differentially expressed in htau mice at 8 months of age. In addition, significant accumulation of tau and its hyperphosphorylated forms was observed in synaptic mitochondria isolated from 8-month-old htau mice.ConclusionThese data suggest that tau preferentially associates with synaptic mitochondria as compared to non-synaptic mitochondria, and accumulation of pathologic forms of tau coincides with synaptic mitochondrial bioenergetic changes reminiscent of an aged synaptic mitochondrial phenotype reported in aging WT mice. Furthermore, the mitochondrially associated tau is soluble in carbonate buffer and more accessible to protease action suggesting it is not integrated into mitochochondrial membranes, but may rather be the result of protein-protein interactions.

Topic: Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
Subfield: Physiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Conceptualising and Measuring the Mobility of Indigenous Students in the Northern Territory

Abstract The vexed and ongoing issue of poor educational outcomes for Indigenous students in the Northern Territory continues despite years of successive programs and policies. Much of the debate has been on funding and pedagogy, in particular the merits or otherwise of bi-lingual teaching. Largely omitted from discussions, although well known by teachers and schools in remote areas to be an issue, are high rates of in-term student mobility. Such “unexpected” moves are thought to affect the capacity for students to achieve benchmark outcomes, for teachers to deliver these and for schools to administer their students within the allocated systems and budgets. Up to now teachers and schools have relied on anecdotes to engage in dialogue around the impacts of mobility. This is because adequate conceptualisations for aggregating, depicting and reporting on the size and nature of in-term mobility were not available. This paper documents several years of work into producing these outcomes. Three measures are conceptualised and outlined in this paper which will be of interest to teachers, schools and educational administrators in all jurisdictions where services are delivered in a remote setting. The results clearly demonstrate the high churn of Indigenous students within terms, especially in remote areas of the Northern Territory. The findings from this study can be applied to inform funding and policy making and as a basis for further research to document the impacts for teachers and schools.

Topic: Education Systems and Policy
Subfield: Education
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences