jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Control Right Transfer,Accrual Earnings Management and Real Earnings Management

This paper uses Jones model and DD model to measure accrual earnings management and the model applied in Roychowdhury(2006) to measure real earnings management in the sample period of 2007-2009.It's found that earnings manipulation still exists in control right transfer and earnings are more manipulated in companies with control right transfer despite of changes in capital market structure and accounting standards.Further study finds that earnings management is preferred by companies with negotiation transfer,ultimate owner changes or chairman changes of the board.

Topic: Auditing, Earnings Management, Governance
Subfield: Accounting
Field: Business, Management and Accounting
Domain: Social Sciences
BDD Method for Evaluating Reliability of Traffic-Path-Based Network Model

This paper proposes a new method for evaluating the reliability of traffic-path-based models representing telecommunications networks. The key idea is to use the binary decision diagram (BDD) method, which memorizes the computational results in the binary expansion appearing in the evaluation, so that we can reuse them in further steps. While this method is a fast evaluation for other models such as graph-based models, no previous work has applied it to a traffic-path-based network model. Our numerical experimental results show that the BDD method is surely faster for large models than the most recently proposed existing method.

Topic: Software Reliability and Analysis Research
Subfield: Software
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Say Anarcha: A Young Woman, A Devious Surgeon, and the Harrowing Birth of Modern Women’s Health

Reviews of Educational Material| January 2024 Say Anarcha: A Young Woman, A Devious Surgeon, and the Harrowing Birth of Modern Women’s Health By J. C. Hallman. New York, Henry Holt and Company, 2023. Pages: 417. ISBN-13: 978-1-250-86846-6. Price: $29.99 (Hardcover). Kathryn Elizabeth McGoldrick, M.D., F.C.A.I. (Hon.). Kathryn Elizabeth McGoldrick, M.D., F.C.A.I. (Hon.). 1New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York. kathryn_mcgoldrick@nymc.edu or kemcgoldrick@aol.com Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Author and Article Information (Accepted for publication September 11, 2023. Published online first on November 6, 2023.) Anesthesiology January 2024, Vol. 140, 181–182. https://doi.org/10.1097/ALN.0000000000004771 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Search Site Citation Kathryn Elizabeth McGoldrick; Say Anarcha: A Young Woman, A Devious Surgeon, and the Harrowing Birth of Modern Women’s Health. Anesthesiology 2024; 140:181–182 doi: https://doi.org/10.1097/ALN.0000000000004771 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll PublicationsAnesthesiology Search Advanced Search Topics: birth, women's health, spectrometry, mass, secondary ion Students of anesthesia history are hauntingly familiar with the bone-chilling chronicle of Fanny Burney (1752 to 1840) who endured a mastectomy without anesthesia in 1811, 35 yr before the discovery of surgical anesthesia. Five months after this excruciating experience, Mrs. Burney, a well-known novelist and diarist whose writing purportedly had a strong influence on the subsequent works of Jane Austen, wrote an electrifying letter to her sister Esther describing in frighteningly vivid detail the intraoperative horrors she suffered.1,2 In contrast, the unimaginable travails of Anarcha Westcott Jackson (circa 1824 to 1869), an enslaved Black woman who underwent several experimental surgical procedures without anesthesia, have surfaced only relatively recently. Say Anarcha: A Young Woman, a Devious Surgeon, and the Harrowing Birth of Modern Women’s Health by J. C. Hallman compellingly addresses previously obscure facets of Anarcha’s horrific experiences at the hands of then-revered Dr. J. Marion Sims. James... You do not currently have access to this content.

Topic: Medical History and Innovations
Subfield: History
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Sea anemones

Journal Article Sea anemones Get access J. B. S. J. B. S. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Notes and Queries, Volume s2-V, Issue 125, 22 May 1858, Page 413, https://doi.org/10.1093/nq/s2-V.125.413e Published: 22 May 1858

Topic: Marine Sponges and Natural Products
Subfield: Biotechnology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
ZnI<sub>2</sub>‐promoted homologation of ferrocenylacetylene and aldehydes: an efficient synthesis of ferrocene‐containing allenes

A concise and efficient protocol for the first synthesis of ferrocene‐containing allenes based on the homologation reaction of ferrocenylacetylene and aldehydes promoted by ZnI 2 was developed. The present method was applicable to many kinds of substituted aldehydes, providing good to excellent yields of ferrocene‐containing allenes. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.

Topic: Ferrocene Chemistry and Applications
Subfield: Organic Chemistry
Field: Chemistry
Domain: Physical Sciences
A Critique of Debt Financing for Local Governments

The dichotomy between pay-as-you-go (taxation financing) and pay-as-you-use (debt financing) methods of financing municipal projects, etc, is the area of concern in this paper. While there arc advantaees and disadvantages to both forms, debt financing carries a considerable amount of baggage known as interest. Interest or usury has been a concern of economic and religious thinkers through the ages. Given the potentially negative effect this has on the debtor, Indonesia is forewarned as it decentralizes fiscal administration to local governments. Besides reliance on taxation financing, an alternative public debt option is highlighted.

Topic: Local Government Finance and Decentralization
Subfield: Political Science and International Relations
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Interferon-<i>gamma</i>, mitomycin C, and cycloheximide as regulatory agents of MHC class II-associated invariant chain expression.

Abstract The murine and human major histocompatibility complex class II-associated invariant chain genes are expressed in mature B cells and in antigen-presenting cells. Several pre-B cell lines and fibroblasts do not naturally contain invariant chain mRNA. Expression is inducible, however, by interferons and other agents interfering with proliferation. Mitomycin C induces the transcription of the gene in pre-B cells, but not in fibroblasts. Interferon-gamma acts in both types of cells. Cycloheximide inhibits the induction of the invariant chain mRNA by interferon-gamma, suggesting that protein synthesis is required. In fact, cycloheximide itself increases the transcriptional rate at the invariant chain gene, suggesting the existence of a labile repressor or an indirect action through cycloheximide arrest of the cell cycle. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) activation of B lymphocytes causes a rapid decrease of the invariant chain mRNA level and of the amount of invariant chain protein due to rapid turnover. Also class II alpha and beta mRNA expression decreases after LPS treatment. The decrease of invariant chain protein is accompanied by increased surface expression of alpha and beta. The murine invariant chain gene transfected into human fibroblasts is regulated by the same agents and the same dose of agents as is the endogenous gene. The differentiation marker invariant chain thus seems to be transcribed from a gene that is accessible to regulation even in nonlymphoid cells and the expression of which is linked to states of nonproliferation. The sequence responsible for these responses is contained within the cloned genomic fragment and is conserved between mouse and man.

Topic: T-cell and B-cell Immunology
Subfield: Immunology
Field: Immunology and Microbiology
Domain: Life Sciences
High performance liquid chromatographic determination of phenolic compounds in seed exudates of Festuca arundinacea and F. pratense

Derivatives of benzoic and cinnamic (caffeic, protocatechuic, vanillic, ferulic, p-coumaric, p-hydroxybenzoic and syringic) acids and 3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde in seed exudates of Festuca arundinacea cv. "Kora" and F. pratense cv. "Otava" have been separated and quantified on a Zorbax SB C18 Rapid Resolution™ column with linear gradient elution using a mobile phase containing acetonitrile and 0.5% acetic acid. The USP tailing factors were less than 1.15 for all peaks. Strictly linear calibration curves (r > 0.9997) with limits of detection of 90–880 nM were obtained for all analytes in the concentration ranges from units or tenths up to 600 µM. RP 105 and OASIS™ HLB polymeric sorbents have been shown to be the best of the tested sorbents for the separation and preconcentration of phenolic compounds from both plant materials. The solid-phase extraction procedures have been compared with classical liquid–liquid extractions and consistent results were obtained. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Topic: Plant Toxicity and Pharmacological Properties
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Development and Testing of a Drogue Parachute System for X-37 ALTV / B-52H Separation

Multiple scenarios were identified in which the X-37 approach and landing test vehicle (ALTV) catastrophically recontacts the B-52H carrier aircraft after separation. The most cost-effective recontact risk mitigation is the prelaunch deployment of a drogue parachute that is released after the X-37 ALTV has safely cleared the B-52H. After release, a fully-inflated drogue parachute takes 30 min to reach ground and results in a large footprint that excessively restricts the days available for flight. To reduce the footprint, a passive collapse mechanism consisting of an elastic reefing line attached to the parachute skirt was developed. At flight loads the elastic is stretched, allowing full parachute inflation. After release, drag loads drop dramatically and the elastic line contracts, reducing the frontal drag area. A 50 percent drag reduction results in an approximately 75 percent ground footprint reduction. Eleven individual parachute designs were evaluated at flight load dynamic pressures in the High Velocity Airflow System (HIVAS) at the Naval Air Warfare Center (NAWC), China Lake, California. Various options for the elastic reefing system were also evaluated at HIVAS. Two best parachute designs were selected from HIVAS to be carried forward to flight test. Detailed HIVAS test results are presented in this report.

Topic: Aerospace Engineering and Energy Systems
Subfield: Aerospace Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
88. Comparison results of different strategies of radiotherapy in nasopharyngeal carcinoma

: Evaluation results of radiotherapy in nasopharyngeal carcinoma in years; 1980–1990 (before CT era) vs 1991–1995. : One hundred eighty eight patients treated in our centre were included in this analysis. Two groups of patients were distinguished: I-st – 128 patients (treated between 1980–1990) and II-nd – 60 (treated between 1991–1995). The possibilities of diagnosis and radiotherapy techniques were diffrent in both groups. In the II-nd group; the shrinking field technique, CT in diagnosis and target delineation and also higher total dose (mean 66 Gy) were applied. : For all patients 5-years disease free-survival was 30%. During follow-up the first two years were crucial, because 80% of failures occured. The causes of failures were as follow: the local recurrence (43%), metastases to lymph nodes (39%) and distant metastases (18%). : Introducing CT into diagnosis and target delineation, the shrinking field technique and higher total dose of irradiation caused in improvement of results of radiotherapy in nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Topic: Head and Neck Cancer Studies
Subfield: Otorhinolaryngology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Bunko Bishop: Swami Mazziniananda, the Udana Karana Order, and the Buddhist Mission of North America

One of the most unusual, influential, and overlooked figures in the early history of Buddhism in the United States was Swami Mazziniananda (pseudonym, unknown-1931), a former patent medicine salesman and quack doctor who became a spiritualist minister and fortune teller while claiming dubious credentials as a Buddhist bishop at the turn of the century. This article traces the rise of Mazziniananda and his connections to the Buddhist Mission of North America, as well as the circumstances surrounding their split and his final years. I suggest that the best way to understand the figure of Mazziniananda-his mixture of Buddhism and occultism, real engagement with other Buddhists and fabricated titles and rituals-is as a type of Buddhist "wandering bishop." Finally, I argue that in light of his close ties with the Japanese Buddhist establishment, the influence of his liturgy and hymnals, and the deep engagement with the occult by his contemporaries and the members of the Dharma Sangha of Buddha that preceded him, Swami Mazziniananda is best seen not as a marginal or atypical figure, but rather as central and emblematic of the Euro-American Buddhist converts of his time and the deep linkages between occultism and the history of Japanese Buddhism in America.

Topic: Indian and Buddhist Studies
Subfield: Religious studies
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
The Biomechanics of Interscholastic Football Impacts

The biomechanics of head impacts incurred by football athletes is not well understood at any level of sport. Understanding how the head responds to impacts received during sports participation will provide insight into injury prevention and treatment for a vast number of concussions that occur annually. This is particularly important relative to the 1.2 million high school athletes participating in football. PURPOSE: To evaluate the location and magnitude of impacts incurred during interscholastic football participation based on session type (game vs. practice) and player position. METHODS: During the 2007 season, helmets of a high school football team (N=32, 16.9 ± .7 yrs) were fitted with the Head Impact Telemetry System (HITS). The HITS incorporates wireless technology to link the helmet encoder with six single-axis accelerometers to a sideline computer that records the impact location and magnitude during games and practices. RESULTS: A total of 14836 impacts were recorded, including 8861 over 45 practices and 5975 during 9 games. The mean number of impacts resulting from game participation (29.8±9.0) was significantly greater than practices (20.4±16.7), as was the resultant linear acceleration during games (24.6±16.5g) larger than during practices (22.4±14.7g). Offensive linemen (22.4 ±12.7g) and defensive skill players (21.7±15.1g) sustained less severe impacts than the defensive linemen (24.3±14.7g) and offensive skill players (23.7±18.1g). Impacts to the top of the head were the least frequent relative to other locations on the helmet, but impacts to this area resulted in significantly larger accelerations. CONCLUSION: This exploratory investigation of impacts incurred during interscholastic football participation indicates greater number impacts with higher resultant accelerations from game participation as compared to practice. The number of impacts was not equally distributed by player position, nor was the distribution of impacts across the helmet. The highest acceleration resulted from impacts to the top of the head, potentially leading to both spinal and concussive injuries. Further studies and analysis are necessary to establish a threshold for concussion in the interscholastic athlete.

Topic: Sports Performance and Training
Subfield: Orthopedics and Sports Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Lactose digestion and maldigestion : measurement and clinical consequences

The aim of the study was to diagnose hypolactasia with a higher accuracy than with the traditional H 2 breath test. We used a combined C-lactose CO 2 /H 2 breath test, which was performed in 33 patients in whom lactase activity was measured. Lactase activity was reduced in 13 cases. The sensitivity and specificity of the H 2 test were 54% and 90%;those of the CO 2 test 69% and 70%. Falsenegative results did not always occur in the same patients. In five of six patients with both tests results abnormal, lactase activity was low. In 13 of 15 patients with both tests results normal, lactase activity was normal. In 6 of 12 cases with only one test abnormal, lactase activity was low. Conclusion: The combined H 2 /CO 2 breath test (sensitivity 85%, specificity 65%) is more adequate for diagnosis of hypolactasia than the H 2 breath test alone.

Topic: Digestive system and related health
Subfield: Genetics
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Speed-Sensorless Estimation for Induction Motors Using Extended Kalman Filters

In this paper, extended-Kalman-filter-based estimation algorithms that could be used in combination with the speed-sensorless field-oriented control and direct-torque control of induction motors (IMs) are developed and implemented experimentally. The algorithms are designed aiming minimum estimation error in both transient and steady state over a wide velocity range, including very low and persistent zero-speed operation. A major challenge at very low and zero speed is the lost coupling effect from the rotor to the stator, which makes the information on rotor variables unobservable on the stator side. As a solution to this problem, in this paper, the load torque and the rotor angular velocity are simultaneously estimated, with the velocity taken into consideration via the equation of motion and not as a constant parameter, which is commonly the case in most past studies. The estimation of load torque, on the other hand, is performed as a constant parameter to account for Coulomb and viscous friction at steady state to improve the estimation performance at very low and zero speed. The estimation algorithms developed based on the rotor and stator fluxes are experimentally tested under challenging variations and reversals of the velocity and load torque (step-type and varying linearly with velocity) over a wide velocity range and at zero speed. In all the scenarios, the current estimation error has remained within a very narrow error band, also yielding acceptable velocity estimation errors, which motivate the use of the developed estimation method in sensorless control of IMs over a wide velocity range and persistent zero-speed operation

Topic: Sensorless Control of Electric Motors
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
SH1442658.08FU

UNITE provides a unified way for delimiting, identifying, communicating, and working with DNA-based Species Hypotheses (SH). All fungal ITS sequences in the international nucleotide sequence databases are clustered to approximately the species level by applying a set of dynamic distance values (<0.5 - 3.0%). All species hypotheses are given a unique, stable name in the form of a DOI, and their taxonomic and ecological annotations are verified through distributed, web-based third-party annotation efforts. SHs are connected to a taxon name and its classification as far as possible (phylum, class, order, etc.) by taking into account identifications for all sequences in the SH. An automatically or manually designated sequence is chosen to represent each such SH. These sequences are released (https://unite.ut.ee/repository.php) for use by the scientific community in, for example, local sequence similarity searches and next-generation sequencing analysis pipelines. The system and the data are updated automatically as the number of public fungal ITS sequences grows.

Topic: Peanut Plant Research Studies
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
The role of associations in regional innovation systems

This paper addressed the need for research regarding the role of associations in innovation systems. As defined here, the term association embraces not only organisations like business associations, but all actors who associate to pursue joint objectives and positively influence their (regional) innovation system. In the innovation system's perspective, these associations perform intermediary functions. As the relevant activities are often initiated by individuals acting in specific environments and circumstances, we need to consider not only the level of the organisation (i.e. meso level), but also the macro level of the innovation system and the micro level of individuals. Against the background of economic and social theory, intrinsic motivations have therefore also been discussed. External conditions, like the mode of governance and the logic of influence are also relevant as these define the framework conditions. Over time, associations may evolve in line with changes in the environment and internal developments. This evolution can be regarded as a life cycle which is specific to each association. Different types of associations and their specific functions have been mentioned using the example of Germany. While each of the listed associations can be regarded as an individual case, we can also assume that there are certain traits which are shared by all of them. Thus, we proposed four hypotheses addressing the macro level, i.e. the level of the regional innovation system, the meso level, i.e. the level of the association, and the micro level, which considers the motivations of individuals. We further proposed an empirical concept to be applied to study the role of associations in innovation systems.

Topic: Innovation, Technology, and Society
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Balloon Atrial Septostomy in Congenital Heart Disease in Infancy

Balloon atrial septostomy was performed in 88 infants during a four-year period as palliative treatment for several different types of congenital cardiac defects including transposition of the great arteries, total anomalous pulmonary venous return, pulmonary valve atresia with intact ventricular septum plus diminutive right ventricle, tricuspid atresia, mitral atresia, and several other lesions. At the present time 60 patients (68%) are alive three months to four years following balloon septostomy, 39 without a palliative surgical procedure. Balloon septostomy without additional palliative surgery can provide effective long-term palliation in infants with some types of transposition of the great arteries or total anomalous pulmonary venous return. Most patients with the other cardiac defects listed require additional surgical palliation. Hemodynamic improvement provided by septostomy and palliative surgery is often sufficient to enable long-term survival in patients with uncorrectable defects.

Topic: Congenital Heart Disease Studies
Subfield: Epidemiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences