jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
The Need for Reform of the Software Licensing Policy of the Department of Defense

The Department of Defense has a standard policy for acquiring rights in software from private firms that is ill-suited to the kind of technology software is, to the needs the Department has to use this software, and to the needs the software industry has to impose restrictions on the government's disclosure of software. This article explains the conceptual problem with understanding software as a technology, the deficiencies with the current software acquisition policy, and what could be done to improve this policy. The article also explores the complex relationship between the DOD acquisition regulations and intellectual property law affecting the government's rights in software, and recommends ways in *Pamela Samuelson, 1986. **Professor Samuelson is an associate professor of law at the University of Pittsburgh School of Law. tThe research that underlies this article was performed while the author was the principal investigator of the Software Licensing Project (SLP) of the Software Engineering Institute (SEI) at Carnegie-Mellon University (CMU). The SEI is a federally funded research and development center (FFRDC) established with funds from the U.S. Department of Defense (DOD). A more comprehensive report by the author on the DOD's software licensing policy is available upon request from the SEI. This report is entitled TOWARD A REFORM OF THE DEFENSE DEPARTMENT SOFTWARE AcQuISITION POLICY (Technical Report CMU/SEI-86-TR-1). The views set forth in this article are those of the author, and are not to be attributed to the SEI, CMU, or to the DOD. The author wishes to thank the SEI and the many DOD personnel who assisted her in her research and analysis of the complex problems associated with software acquisitions, and in the production of reports about it. Much of this research involved interviewing appropriate DOD personnel; the text of this paper reflects many of those interviews. Particular thanks are due to Carol Biesecker, Kevin Deasy, Susan DiMarco, and Anne Martin, whose dedication and intelligence during the research and writing of the SEI Report were greatly appreciated by the author. The author also wishes to thank Col. David Luke and Richard Martin for their support of her work. The author additionally wishes to thank David Lingenfelter, her current research assistant, for his valuable assistance in the preparation of this article.

Topic: Technology Assessment and Management
Subfield: Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Possible Correlates of Free Radicals and Free Radical Mediated Disorders in Ayurveda with Special Referance to Bhutagni Vyapara and Ama at molecular Level.

The description of metabolic processes, operating at various levels insider the body, has been essentially covered in Ayurveda under thirteen types of Agnis and their functions at different levels, which are often compared with the enzymes and biochemical which take part in biological and / or biophysical transformations and reactions. When these Agnis, at different levels, get disordered they lead to the production of certain undesired elements or byproducts in the system, which are called as 'Ama' in ayurveda and are considered as very important morbid factor responsible for causation of a variety of diseases and playing key role in genesis of most of the diseases.The present article attempts to correlate the most recent concept of today's medicine i.e., Free Radical concept with that of the concept of Agni and Ama, described in Ayurveda and thereby opens newer vistas of search for remedies from Ayurvedic research, which may be helpful in the prevention and care of Free Radical Mediated Diseases.

Topic: Phytochemicals and Medicinal Plants
Subfield: Complementary and alternative medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
New findings of rare and under recorded vascular plants, bryophytes, lichens, fungi and algae in Croatia – 1

This paper supplies new data on the occurrence of eight vascular plants ( Carpesium abrotanoides, Guizotia abyssinica, Gypsophila fastigiata, Heliotropium supinum, Hermodactylus tuberosus, Polycarpon tetraphyllum, Pseudognaphalium luteoalbum, Reynoutria sachalinensis ), three bryophytes ( Corsinia coriandrina, Cryphaea heteromalla, Leptodon smithii ), one lichen ( Roccella phycopsis ), one fungus ( Mitrula paludosa ) and one alga species ( Trentepohlia aurea ) in Croatia.

Topic: Botany and Plant Ecology Studies
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Brand image and price perceptions impact on purchase intentions: mediating brand trust

Education has become a necessity in this competitive environment for employees.Employees need a way to attain proper education with some degree of flexibility and a practical solution to this problem is Online University.The purpose of this study is to further investigate the factors that can influence purchase intention for Online Universities.Two factors studied in this research are Brand Image and Price Perception with Brand Trust as a Mediator.Data for this research was collected from 400 respondents in South Sumatera specifically Palembang and the object of this research is associated with Online University specifically Binus Online Learning, a popular university in the region of the study.The data collected was analyzed with Structural Equation Modelling (SEM).The results show that there is a positive relationship between Brand Image and Price Perception towards Purchase Intention, Brand Trust is also proven to mediate the relationship between these variables.

Topic: Digital Marketing and Social Media
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
HaploSweep: Detecting and Distinguishing Recent Soft and Hard Selective Sweeps through Haplotype Structure

Abstract Identifying soft selective sweeps using genomic data is a challenging yet crucial task in population genetics. In this study, we present HaploSweep, a novel method for detecting and categorizing soft and hard selective sweeps based on haplotype structure. Through simulations spanning a broad range of selection intensities, softness levels, and demographic histories, we demonstrate that HaploSweep outperforms iHS, nSL, and H12 in detecting soft sweeps. HaploSweep achieves high classification accuracy—0.9247 for CHB, 0.9484 for CEU, and 0.9829 YRI—when applied to simulations in line with the human Out-of-Africa demographic model. We also observe that the classification accuracy remains consistently robust across different demographic models. Additionally, we introduce a refined method to accurately distinguish soft shoulders adjacent to hard sweeps from soft sweeps. Application of HaploSweep to genomic data of CHB, CEU, and YRI populations from the 1000 genomes project has led to the discovery of several new genes that bear strong evidence of population-specific soft sweeps (HRNR, AMBRA1, CBFA2T2, DYNC2H1, and RANBP2 etc.), with prevalent associations to immune functions and metabolic processes. The validated performance of HaploSweep, demonstrated through both simulated and real data, underscores its potential as a valuable tool for detecting and comprehending the role of soft sweeps in adaptive evolution.

Topic: Genetic Associations and Epidemiology
Subfield: Genetics
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
692-P: Development and Adoption of CDISC Clinical Data Standards for Type 1 Diabetes (T1D)

Development and adoption of global, non-proprietary and platform-independent CDISC standards a) enables traceability from data collection through data analysis, b) improves data quality, c) reduces costs, d) streamlines processes facilitating data sharing, and e) enables reliable and accurate data reuse. CDISC collaborates with type 1 diabetes subject matter experts to lead a unique effort that brings academia and industry together to create T1D clinical data standards in the areas of pediatrics, devices, exercise, and prevention. The T1D team is tasked with developing standards for collection, tabulation, and analysis of the data by building on existing foundational diabetes standards. They will use a multiphase, consensus-driven process, that includes scoping key data concepts commonly used in T1D clinical studies. The Pediatrics and Devices team has identified several data concepts that would benefit from development of data standards: diabetic ketoacidosis, diabetes history, CGM data, insulin management, laboratory tests related to diabetes, and vital signs percentiles for pediatrics. The public review of the standards developed will be launched in Summer 2019. The Prevention and Exercise team has initiated the scoping process to identify the most urgent areas for standards development, which will be followed by modeling. The public review of these standards will commence beginning of 2020. As the project progresses, the T1D community is encouraged to participate in the informational webinars and public review stages, which will enable all-inclusive development and adoption of the resultant data standards. Factors involved in the adoption of clinical data standards within organizations will be discussed. Disclosure J.M. Owen: None. Funding The Leona M. and Harry B. Helmsley Charitable Trust

Topic: Mobile Health and mHealth Applications
Subfield: General Health Professions
Field: Health Professions
Domain: Health Sciences
Influence of Microcystis aeruginosa on Efficiency of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Removal from Eutrophic Water by Floating Culture Plants

The influence of Microcystis aeruginosa on efficiency of nitrogen(N) and phosphorus(P) removal from eutrophic water by floating culture plants including Pistia stratiotes Linn.and Secale cereale L.were studied respectively in different seasons.It was concluded that Microcystis could effectively improve the efficiency of N and P removal and purify effect of eutrophic water when it was combined with floating culture plants;however,the important precondition of this conclusion was there was no obvious restraint action between themselves.After treated time for total nitrogen(TN) removal,Microcystis+Pistia L.82%Microcystis 76%Pistia L.68%Contrast 23%;Microcystis+Secale L.79%Secale L.65%Microcystis 61%Contrast 11%.For total phosphorus(TP) removal,Microcystis+Pistia L.83%Microcystis 79%Pistia L.68%Contrast 26%;Microcystis+Secale L.77%Secale L.68%Microcystis 63%Contrast 18%.

Topic: Aquatic Ecosystems and Phytoplankton Dynamics
Subfield: Environmental Chemistry
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
ICDAR 2005 Arabic handwriting recognition competition

This paper describes the Arabic handwriting recognition competition for ICDAR 2005. With the presentation of the IFN/ENIT-database in the year 2002 a database with handwritten Arabic town names was made available for free to non commercial research groups. Till now more than 30 groups are working with this data worldwide. By announcing a competition of Arabic handwriting recognition systems based on the IFN/ENIT-database, we hope to contribute to the development of Arabic handwriting recognition systems. The use of the same database by different research groups allows the comparison of different systems. We compare the systems on the most important characteristic: recognition rate, but also features like word length, writing style, and character connectivity will be discussed.

Topic: Handwritten Text Recognition Techniques
Subfield: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Designing and Tuning Magnetic Resonance with Exchange Interaction

Exchange interaction at the interface between magnetic layers exhibits significant contribution to the magnetic resonance frequency. The in situ tuning of the resonance frequency, as large as 10 GHz, is demonstrated in a spintronics microwave device through manipulating the interface exchange interaction.

Topic: Magnetic properties of thin films
Subfield: Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
A decade of mangrove conservation achievements and challenges in Vietnam

The last decade has seen significant and marked improvements in the legal framework on mangrove protection, increased funding and involvement of non-state actors in mangrove protection and development, lower rates of mangrove forest loss and larger areas of planted mangroves in Vietnam. Despite these remarkable achievements, challenges remain for mangrove conservation, particularly when major drivers of mangrove deforestation and degradation have yet to be properly addressed as they are closely linked to national economic development priorities.

Topic: Vietnamese History and Culture Studies
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Antibiogram Profile of Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhi in India - A Two Year Study.

Typhoid fever continues to remain a major health problem in the developing world, and the emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains has further reduced therapeutic options for treatment of the disease. The National Salmonella and Escherichia Centre in Kasauli, India received 128 Salmonella Typhi isolates during 2008-2009. These were evaluated for antimicrobial resistance, prevalent resistotypes and the proportion of MDR strains, using standard methods for 11 antimicrobials. An abrupt decrease in the proportion of MDR strains was observed. Only 4.7% of the isolates were found to be MDR with resistotypes chloramphenicol-ampicillin-streptomycin-nalidixic acid-trimethoprim (C-AS-Na-Tr) and chloramphenicol-ampicillin-nalidixic acid-trimethoprim (C-A-Na-Tr), which is very low compared to other studies from India. Nalidixic acid resistance was found to be present in 93.8% of the isolates. Moreover, the difference in the mean minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of ciprofloxacin for nalidixic acid-resistant and nalidixic acid-sensitive strains was found to be statistically significant (p<0.001), which calls into question the further use of ciprofloxacin for the treatment of typhoid fever because of potential treatment failures. The low proportion of MDR strains increases the possibility of first-line drugs for the treatment of typhoid fever.

Topic: Salmonella and Campylobacter epidemiology
Subfield: Food Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Development of a Measure of Classroom Assessment Practices for Certification of Accomplished Teachers

Teachers pursuing National Board Certification complete a rigorous assessment comprised of four components measuring standards of accomplished pedagogical knowledge and practice. One of those components of the assessment, Component 4: Effective and Reflective Practitioner, is a new performance-based portfolio component that centers on the use of assessment data and other sources of information to advance student and teacher growth. Specifically, the component requires teachers to: gather and utilize data from different sources to build their knowledge and understanding of students;base instructional decision-making and assessment practices on their knowledge of students, collaboration with stakeholders, and adherence to assessment principles; anduse their knowledge of students to reflect on their practice, advance their professional learning, and promote student growth throughout learning communities.The development and outcomes of the pilot test of Component 4: Effective and Reflective Practitioner related to establishing validity evidence for the component's scores as a measure of accomplished teaching are described. The methods reported cover the use of experts in the development of instructions, a pilot study, and formative scoring to build evidence of the validity based on test content and ensure the successful launch of the new component.

Topic: Teacher Education and Leadership Studies
Subfield: Education
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
What Really Happens in Gifted and Talented Education?: A Portrait of Three States

In this in-depth, multi-state study, we examined the current state of gifted and talented education identification procedures, service delivery, and curricula in three states. Overall, we found limited alignment between identification and programming. Although districts often identify students as gifted in mathematics and/or language arts, they seldom provide specialized gifted curricula corresponding to these talent areas. This misalignment between identification and services impedes the field’s ability to evaluate program effectiveness, underscoring the need for more cohesive policies and robust program evaluation. Identification of students for gifted services commonly occurs in Grades 2 or 3. Although teacher-rating systems are widely used for universal screening, we raise concerns regarding their comparability across different teachers. Pullout programs remain the dominant service model, followed by cluster grouping and push-in approaches. However, we question the effectiveness of gifted programming that offer only a few hours of services each week. Taken together, these findings underscore the importance of alignment between how students are identified and the scope, rigor, and duration of the services they receive.

Topic: Education, Achievement, and Giftedness
Subfield: Experimental and Cognitive Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Analisis Upaya Pencegahan Obesitas Pada Anak-Anak

Childhood obesity is a serious public health problem with significant long-term consequences. This study analyzes various efforts to prevent childhood obesity, including school-based, family-based, and community-based interventions. The study reviews various strategies, including behavioral modification, nutrition education, increased physical activity, and public policy interventions. The analysis shows that an integrated, multi-sectoral approach involving collaboration between schools, families, communities, and the government is key to successful childhood obesity prevention. Further research is needed to evaluate the effectiveness of various interventions and to develop more effective and sustainable strategies.

Topic: Public Health and Nutrition
Subfield: Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
The topology and control of a new hybrid power filter

A new topology of hybrid power filter is proposed in this paper, which consists of a C-type filter and an active filter. The application of C-type filter not only reduces the rating of active filter but also prevents the resonance occurring significantly when proper parameters are used. The Iterative Learning Control (ILC) method is applied to the realization of harmonic compensation. In this paper, both the topology and the control method are discussed. Experimental results based on the proposed topology and control method are presented.

Topic: Power Quality and Harmonics
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Ligasure Versus Sutures In Total Abdominal Hysterectomy

McLellan, Robert MD; Anania, Carol MD; Birdsall, Melinda MD; Bruno, Raffaele MD; Hurd, Joseph K. MD; Prakash, Prinav MD Author Information

Topic: Uterine Myomas and Treatments
Subfield: Obstetrics and Gynecology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Gröbner basics for mixed Hodge modules

We develop a Gröbner basis theory for a class of algebras that generalizes both PBW-algebras and rings of differential algebras on smooth varieties. Emphasis lies on methods to compute filtrations and graded structures defined by weight vectors. The approach is tailored for bifiltered D-modules satisfying properties of mixed Hodge modules. As a key ingredient in functors of such modules our theory applies to compute the order filtration on pieces of a V-filtration.

Topic: Polynomial and algebraic computation
Subfield: Computational Theory and Mathematics
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Remote radioactive waste drum inspection with an autonomous mobile robot

An autonomous mobile robot is being developed to perform remote surveillance and inspection task on large numbers of stored radioactive waste drums. The robot will be self guided through narrow storage aisles and record the visual image of each viewable drum for subsequent off line analysis and archiving. The system will remove the personnel from potential exposure to radiation, perform the require inspections, and improve the ability to assess the long term trends in drum conditions.

Topic: Soft Robotics and Applications
Subfield: Biomedical Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
The Design and Implementation of a Convertible Extracorporeal Circuit for Lung Transplantation.

Intraoperative management for patients during orthotopic lung transplantation may be performed without mechanical circulatory support, with veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO), or cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). For certain patients, an intraoperative conversion from VA-ECMO to CPB may be indicated. If a VA-ECMO patient requires CPB conversion, the previous model at our institution used two separate machines and was overall inefficient. The primary aim of this project was to develop a CPB pack modification to create a circuit that easily converts from VA-ECMO to CPB if indicated. The secondary aim was to create new supportive protocols and a comprehensive education and training curriculum for our large perfusion department to enhance patient safety. The new circuit was carefully designed and evaluated to minimize changes to the current CPB circuit while allowing for the safest configuration of VA-ECMO. A new protocol was designed with multi-disciplinary collaboration. A comprehensive education and training curriculum, as well as an objective competency assessment tool, were created. The circuit was subjectively evaluated by perfusionists and outscored our previous model in the areas of ease of setup, use, and CPB conversion. It received positive feedback from cardiothoracic surgeons and anesthesiologists as well. Lastly, it provided a financial benefit to our institution.

Topic: Transplantation: Methods and Outcomes
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Cost Sensitive Pushout Policy for the Buffer Management in Versatile Traffic Switch

We are presenting here a buffer management policy for versatile traffic. In the case of ATM switch, we have to drop only one packet of low priority to accommodate a packet of high priority, because all packets (cells) are of same size. Thus if we have to improve QoS of high priority packets we can give the worse treatment to low priority packets. This is a procedure to increase total weighted throughput. But in the case of Differentiated Service model where versatility in data traffic is there due to packets of multiple priorities and different lengths, we may have to drop more than one packet of low priority to accommodate a high priority packet. But one interesting question remains, how many packets of low priority should be dropped to save a single high priority packet? In this paper we have demonstrated that merely treating low priority up to worst extent to improve QoS of high priority doesn't improve the total weighted throughput in DiffServ. model. A line must be drawn beyond which worse treatment to low priority packet must be stopped when the goal is to minimize the probability of loss of total weighted cost. We are presenting here the Cost Sensitive Pushout Policy, which gives a class of buffer management policy to maximize total weighted throughput.

Topic: Advanced Queuing Theory Analysis
Subfield: Management Information Systems
Field: Business, Management and Accounting
Domain: Social Sciences