jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Management of Sepsis in Primary Care

The overall mortality rate for severe sepsis is 35% - approximately five times higher than for STEMI or stroke1. The majority of episodes arise from community-acquired, rather than healthcare-associated, infection2. The campaign in secondary care has increased awareness and helped to structure the management of sepsis once the patient reaches hospital. However, it is essential that sepsis is recognized early in order for the patient to reach hospital soon enough to avoid serious complication or death.Criteria for the identification of severe sepsis are focused on a hospital setting and demand full laboratory services with rapid delivery of results. These criteria are less appropriate when attempting to identify severe sepsis in the community.In order to address this gap, the UK Sepsis Trust has developed the concept of ‘Red Flag Sepsis’ using abnormal physiology rather than waiting for lab results2. This concept forms the basis for the UK Sepsis Trust General Practice Screening and Action Tool3.The aim of this initiative was to utilise the UK Sepsis Trust General Practice Screening and Action Tool3 to;Improve awareness of severe sepsisIncrease levels of screening for severe sepsisImprove levels of recording and documentation of vital signs in patients with potential for severe sepsisImprove levels of identification of severe sepsisImprove management of sepsis and severe sepsisFacilitate better documentation of consultations involving assessment for severe sepsisFacilitate timely referral to secondary care where appropriateThis was achieved by developing a structured protocol for sepsis management in the community in the form of an electronic pro-forma based on the UK Sepsis Trust General Practice Screening and Action Tool which was integrated into the existing electronic health record.A number of General Practice software systems exist. However, they all have similar capabilities. General practitioners are already very familiar with utilising electronic pro-formas of this kind when managing other conditions. Consequently one would expect the implementation of an intervention of this kind to be smooth as the need for education and training would be minimal (an initiative to raise awareness should be sufficient) and it would be easily transferable between practices.References:1- Seymour CW, Rea TD, Kahn JM, et al. Severe Sepsis in Pre-Hospital Emergency Care: Analysis of Incidence, Care, and Outcome. American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine 2012; 186(12): 1264–12712- Toolkit: General Practice management of Sepsis. The UK Sepsis Trust 2014.[cited 2016 Dec 16] Available from: The UK Sepsis Trust General Practice Screening and Action Tool. Available From: http://sepsistrust.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/08/1409322477GPScreening2014Final.pdf3- The UK Sepsis Trust General Practice Screening and Action Tool. UK Sepsis Trust 2014. [cited Dec 16 2016] Available from: http://sepsistrust.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/08/1409322477GPScreening2014Final.pdf

Topic: Sepsis Diagnosis and Treatment
Subfield: Epidemiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Effects of health training in knowledge and surgical wound management

Background: The surgery in Indonesia ranks 11th out of 50 treatments for disease patterns in hospitals in Indonesia, which is an estimated 32% of them were laparotomy. The number of abdominal surgical cases in Lampung Province in 2017 was (28.95%) and increased in 2018 by (32.45%).Purpose: Know the effect of health training in knowledge and surgical wound management.Methods: This type of study was quantitative, with the Pre-Experiment design and the design one group pre test - post test. The populations were all of postoperative patients and samples of 34 people with a total sampling technique. Data collection uses questionnaire sheets and the statistical test used dependent t-test.Results: The average knowledge about postoperative wound care before being given health training of 14.18 and a standard deviation of 1.749. The average knowledge about postoperative wound care after being given health training of 17.06 and a standard deviation of 3.142, with p-value = (0,000 &lt;0,05).Conclusion: There was the effect of health training in knowledge and surgical wound management. Health workers are expected to be able to apply the provision of health training to postoperative patients to improve patient knowledge in subsequent care and be used as a reference for making policies regarding the provision of health training to postoperative patients.

Topic: Public Health and Nutrition
Subfield: Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Verb Movement and Expletive Subjects in the Germanic Languages

Abstract This book is the study of two different kinds of variation across the Germanic languages. One involves the position of the finite verb, and the other the possible positions of the "logical" subject in constructions with expletive (or "dummy") subjects. The book applies the theory of principles and parameters (also known as the "government-binding theory") to the study of comparative syntax. Several languages are considered, including less frequently discussed ones like Danish, Faroese, Icelandic, and Yiddish.

Topic: Linguistic research and analysis
Subfield: Language and Linguistics
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
LATE-BREAKING ABSTRACT: Deoxyhemoglobin kinetic and performance of respiratory muscles during maximal incremental exercise

<b>Introduction:</b> The VO2 excess (VO2e) observed after the ventilatory anaerobic threshold (VAT) has been considered as a consequence to an increase in respiratory muscles work during maximal incremental exercise (MIE). <b>Aims:</b> to assess respiratory muscles performance (RMP) and their deoxyhemoglobin (HHb) kinetic performed by NIRS during MIE and thereafter to study the relationships between the VO2e, the HHb and the RMP. <b>Methods:</b> Ten male cyclists performed a MIE on a cycle ergometer with maximal inspiratory (MIP) and expiratory (MEP) pressures measurement assessed both before and after MIE. The HHb kinetic was monitored by NIRS in the seventh intercostal space. The VO2e represent the difference between VO2max measured by portable gas analyzer (Cosmed K4b2) and VO2max calculated using linear equation before VAT (VO2= a x Power + b; at VO2max, Power = Maximal Aerobic Power (MAP)). <b>Results:</b> MIP and MEP decrease respectively by 7.8% and 12.6% (p&lt;0.01) after MIE. HHb remains unchanged from the start to 60% MAP, then increase significantly until the end (40 µM and 53 µM respectively between 60-80% and 80-100% MAP (p&lt;0.05)). Above VAT, a correlation has been shown between HHb and VO2e (r=0.62, p&lt;0.05). However, VO2e and the decline of RMP was not related. <b>Conclusions:</b> The increase in work of respiratory muscles contributes to VO2e and might limit their performance during MIE. This result highlighted the importance of respiratory muscles training incorporation in rehabilitation protocols to improve independency and quality of life in cardiorespiratory patients.

Topic: Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
Subfield: Complementary and alternative medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Maximum Distributorship Management

Sukses pemasaran suatu produk selain bergantung pada banyaknya produk yang dibuat produsen, juga bergantung pada distributor, bagaimana distributor bisa menjualnya di saat daya beli konsumen menurun sekalipun. Distributor bisa eksis bersama principal berpuluh tahun kuncinya karena distributor bisa menerjemahkan kemauan principal. Tidaklah mudah mengikuti kemauan principal bila distributor tidak memiliki manajemen yang baik. Buku ini komplet membahas bagaimana mengelola dan memberdayakan distributor secara efektif. Buku ini akan menjadi panduan praktis para marketing manager, sales manager, sales supervisor yang berada dibawah payung principal maupun para sales manager, sales supervisor dan salesman di bawah payung distributor, serta bagi owner distributor, pemilik toko (calon distributor), investor, dan peminat buku-buku pemasaran. Ditulis oleh seorang yang sangat berpengalaman dalam bidangnya, baik sebagai praktisi, konsultan, maupun akademisi.

Topic: Agriculture and Agroindustry Studies
Subfield: General Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Iktiofauna Sungai Sangkir Kabupaten Rokan Hulu Provinsi Riau (Ichthyofauna of Sangkir River, Rokan Hulu District Riau Province)

This study was conducted in Sangkir river branch of Rokan Kiri river Sangkir village, Rokan Hulu district, Riau Province from May of July 2016. The aim of this study was to inventory the fish species in Sangkir river branch of Rokan Kiri River with direct observation (survey). Five sampling locations were determined purposely based on the environmental condition that could be represented by the river condition. A total of 288 individuals of fish belonging to 3 orders, 7 families, 13 genera and 16 species were recorded in this study, namely Barbodes balleroides, Barbodes gonionotus, Barbichthys leavis, Channa striata, Cyclocheilichthys apogon, Labiobarbus fasciatus, Mystus nigriceps, Ompok eugeneiatus, Osteochilus hasseltii, Osteochilus mycrocephalus, Pangio semicincta, Pristolepis grooti, Thynnichthys polylepis, Trichogaster leerii, Trichogaster trichopterus and Trichopsis vittata. Cyprinidae was the most abundance fish in this study.Penelitian ini telah dilaksanakan di sungai Sangkir, anak sungai Rokan Kiri, desa Sangkir, Kabupaten Rokan Hulu, Provinsi Riau pada bulan Mei sampai Juli 2016. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui jenis-jenis ikan di sungai Sangkir anak Sungai Rokan Kiri dengan metode pengamatan langsung (survei) dengan penetapan stasiun pengambilan sampel secara purposive sampling. Penetapan stasiun berdasarkan kondisi lingkungan yang terdiri dari 5 stasiun penelitian. Hasil penelitian didapatkan sebanyak 288 individu ikan yang terdiri dari 3 ordo, 7 famili 13 genus dan 16 spesies. Spesies yang didapatkan yaitu Barbodes balleroides, Barbodes gonionotus, Barbichthys leavis, Channa striata, Cyclocheilichthys apogon, Labiobarbus fasciatus, Mystus nigriceps, Ompok eugeneiatus, Osteochilus hasseltii, Osteochilus mycrocephalus, Pangio semicincta, Pristolepis grooti, Thynnichthys polylepis Trichogaster leerii, Trichogaster trichopterus dan Trichopsis vittata. Cyprinidae merupakan kelompok ikan yang paling banyak dalam penelitian ini.

Topic: Fish Biology and Ecology Studies
Subfield: Aquatic Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Beyond colonoscopy: Physical activity as a viable adjunct to prevent colorectal cancer

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common cancer with an increasing incidence worldwide. The implementation of a mass screening program has been proven effective in reducing the global burden of CRC, but its effectiveness is not ideal and some metabolic derangements and lifestyle factors were reported to be attributable for such a deficit. Implementing positive lifestyle intervention as primary prevention therefore becomes critical because colorectal carcinogenesis can be promoted by several lifestyle factors, such as a lack of physical activity. Herein, we review the current evidence on the association and possible mechanisms between physical activity and CRC carcinogenesis. In addition, since CRC prevention heavily relies on resection of precancerous polyps and subsequent surveillance by colonoscopy, this review will also explore the impact of physical activity on populations with different colorectal polyp risks and its potential adjunct role in altering surveillance outcomes.

Topic: Colorectal Cancer Screening and Detection
Subfield: Oncology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Legal Briefing: Coerced Treatment and Involuntary Confinement for Contagious Disease

This issue's "Legal Briefing" column covers recent legal developments involving coerced treatment and involuntary confinement for contagious disease. Recent high profile court cases involving measles, tuberculosis, human immunodeficiency virus, and especially Ebola, have thrust this topic back into the bioethics and public spotlights. This has reignited debates over how best to balance individual liberty and public health. For example, the Presidential Commission for the Study of Bioethical Issues has officially requested public comments, held open hearings, and published a 90-page report on "ethical considerations and implications" raised by "U.S. public policies that restrict association or movement (such as quarantine)." Broadly related articles have been published in previous issues of The Journal of Clinical Ethics. We categorize recent legal developments on coerced treatment and involuntary confinement into the following six categories: 1. Most Public Health Confinement Is Voluntary 2. Legal Requirements for Involuntary Confinement 3. New State Laws Authorizing Involuntary Confinement 4. Quarantine Must Be as Least Restrictive as Necessary 5. Isolation Is Justified Only as a Last Resort 6. Coerced Treatment after Persistent Noncompliance.

Topic: Neuroethics, Human Enhancement, Biomedical Innovations
Subfield: Cognitive Neuroscience
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences
Pinned algebraic distances determined by Cartesian products in $\mathbb{F}_p^2$

Let $p$ be an odd prime and $A \subseteq \mathbb{F}_p$ be a subset of the finite field with $p$ elements. We show that $A \times A \subseteq \mathbb{F}_p^2$ determines at least a constant multiple of $\min\{p, |A|^{3/2}\}$ distinct pinned algebraic distances.

Topic: Limits and Structures in Graph Theory
Subfield: Discrete Mathematics and Combinatorics
Field: Mathematics
Domain: Physical Sciences
Novel source for formulation of nutritious fish feed

The rising cost of imported fish feed ingredients has called for an intensive research towards the production of high nutritional fish feed using cheap and natural nutrient sources. In this study, seaweed and palm kernel cake were used as alternative protein ingredients in fish feed and the enrichment of its nutritional value was achieved by using solid state fermentation. The fish feed is the bioprotein (final product) produced after the solid state fermentation. The feed has undergo several screening and optimization process in order to obtain the appropriate media and process conditions to produce an optimum bioprotein concentrations in the final product. Analysis of the final product has been conducted and tested on fish to identify its effect on fish performance. Hence, this study has produced the enhanced fish feed with high nutritional compounds (especially protein).

Topic: Protein Hydrolysis and Bioactive Peptides
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
[Adult extrarenal Wilms' tumor occurring in ovary: report of a case].

患者女,22岁.因腹胀近2个月,下腹持续疼痛伴发热2 d入院.体检:下腹部略膨隆,脐上1 cm处可触及包块上界,有压痛及反跳痛,无移动性浊音.在外院就诊B超示:子宫前方偏实性占位性病变,大小10.4 cm × 8.6 cm × 10.0cm;子宫上方多房囊性包块,大小9.0 cm×7.0 cm×5.6 cm.

Topic: Renal and related cancers
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Selective breeding of high-yield and drought-resistant soybean variety--Jinda53 examined and approved by country

New soybean variety Jinda 53 is family-seed-selected through sexual hybridization with nice hybrid descendent from Jin-dou No.371×Jin-dou No.17 by Soybean Research center of Shanxi Agricultural University in 1987. The variety is characterized by high-yield, drought-resistance, resistance to SMV, and superior systematic traits. It has been examined and approved by country in 2001.

Topic: Soybean genetics and cultivation
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Late Eocene shoreline volcanism along the continental margin:the volcanic succession at Kabuki Iwa, Oga Peninsula, NE Japan

Kabuki Iwa (Rock) at the northwestern shore of Oga Peninsula is composed of Late Eocene basaltic andesite aa lava flows and pillowed lava flows, dacitic pyroclastic flows, debris flows and other epiclastic rocks. This close association of the subaerial and subaqueous volcanic products demonstrates a transitional environment between land and shallow water. NE-SW-trending parallel dikes and normal faults are also associated with these rocks in the surrounding areas, and the volcanic succession at Kabuki Iwa is interpreted to have accumulated in an extensional basin which slowly subsided with volcanism before the rapid opening of the Japan Sea.

Topic: Geological and Geochemical Analysis
Subfield: Geophysics
Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences
Domain: Physical Sciences
Unusual Pectobacterium wasabiae strains isolated from potato in Japan

During the revision of Japanese Pectobacterium strains, we have demonstrated that some strains of Erwinia carotovora from potato were identified as P. wasabiae. They had different phenotypic properties from P. wasabiae strains isolated from wasabi. Through phylogenetic analysis using recA, mdh, rpoD and gyrB, the potato strains formed slightly independent cluster from the wasabi strains. The BOX and ERIC PCR clearly showed the difference between these two groups. On wasabi rhizomes, the potato strains showed less virulent reaction than the wasabi strains, and vice versa on potato. Those two groups can be discriminated using newly designed specific primers.The primers produced amplicons of 252bp for potato strains and 427bp for wasabi strains. Thus, we concluded that the potato strains were different from the wasabi strains and may constitutes a new subspecies-level taxon in P. wasabiae.

Topic: Plant Pathogenic Bacteria Studies
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Patterns of attention to threat across tasks in behaviorally inhibited children at risk for anxiety

Abstract Although attention bias towards threat has been causally implicated in the development and maintenance of fear and anxiety, the expected associations do not appear consistently. Reliance on a single task to capture attention bias, in this case overwhelmingly the dot‐probe task, may contribute to this inconsistency. Comparing across attentional bias measures could help capture patterns of behavior that have implications for anxiety. This study examines the patterns of attentional bias across two related measures in a sample of children at temperamental risk for anxiety. Children (Mean age = 10.19 ± 0.96) characterized as behaviorally inhibited ( N = 50) or non‐inhibited ( N = 64) via parent‐report completed the dot‐probe and affective Posner tasks to measure attentional bias to threat. Parent‐report diagnostic interviews assessed children's social anxiety. Behavioral inhibition was not associated with performance in the dot‐probe task, but was associated with increased attentional bias to threat in the affective Posner task. Cross‐task convergence was dependent on temperament, such that attention bias across the two tasks was only related in behaviorally inhibited children. Finally, children who were consistently biased across tasks (showing high or low attentional bias scores in both tasks, rather than high in one but low in the other) had higher levels of anxiety. Convergence across attention bias measures may be dependent on individuals' predispositions (e.g. temperament). Moreover, convergence of attention bias across measures may be a stronger marker of information processing patterns that shape socioemotional outcomes than performance in a single task.

Topic: Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
Subfield: Experimental and Cognitive Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Understanding the destination choice: a study of the Chinese long-haul outbound tourists

Among tourism decision making studies, choice heuristics are barely explored. Choice heuristics are a set of rules decision makers use to process information about their choice criteria. The types of rules applied in the process can make a substantial difference to eventual outcomes, which for tourists includes not only the final choice of the tour package but also the choice process (Sen, 1997). Therefore, in order to better understand tourists' decision making behaviour, choice heuristics deserve greater attention. However, whilst compensatory choice heuristics are commonly applied in consumer focused tourism research, and conjoint analysis is often used for modelling compensatory heuristics, minoring the predominant approach in consumer research, less attention has been afforded to non-compensatory heuristics. Recently, a greedoid method was introduced by Kohli and Jedidi (2007) and Yee et al. (2007) independently to that contributed to methodology for estimating non-compensatory heuristics. The aim of this study was to provide a greater understanding of consumer decision-making processes, based on the exploration of different choice heuristics used by the Chinese long-haul outbound tourists. This thesis makes theoretical contribution by providing insights on (1) how the concept of choice heuristics can be used to better understand the process of decision making and (2) how choice heuristics are used for the selection of complicated intangible services, tourism destinations in this case. The study also sheds light on the possible measurements for evaluating the fit of different choice heuristic models. In addition, the information found regarding the destination preference of Chinese long-haul outbound tourist is of great use for marketers and suppliers to improve their destination products as well as their advertisement campaigns.

Topic: Diverse Aspects of Tourism Research
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Prevalence and correlates of postpartum glucose screening among women with hyperglycemia in pregnancy in a Nigerian Tertiary Hospital

Background: Postpartum follow-up of women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is key for early identification of impairment of glucose tolerance and preventing progression to diabetes mellitus (DM). Postpartum screening rates among Nigerian women are largely unknown. Aim: We examined the prevalence of postpartum glucose testing and its associated factors. Patients, Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective study conducted between November 2017 and October 2019, involving women who had been diagnosed with GDM at the Chemical Pathology Department of Jos University Teaching Hospital. Ninety-seven women responded to follow-up phone calls to determine their postpartum care. Sociodemographic data and obstetric history were obtained from hospital records. Results: The mean (standard deviation) age of the participants was 34.1 (4.9) years. Only 31 (31.9%) women had glucose testing within six weeks postpartum, most of them (27.8%) by fasting blood glucose or random blood glucose. Forty eight percent tested after six weeks postpartum, while 19 (19.6%) did not have any form of glucose testing after delivery. Postpartum glucose testing was significantly associated with a history of DM or previous GDM and receiving counselling about postpartum testing and higher diagnostic glucose values, P < 0.05. Age, educational status, gravidity, and filling of requisition form before delivery were not associated with postpartum glucose testing, P > 0.05. Conclusion: Early postpartum screening rate is generally poor but more common among women with high diagnostic glucose levels who received appropriate counselling after diagnosis of GDM. Adequate sensitisation of healthcare workers about postpartum care and proper counselling of women with GDM will improve screening rate.

Topic: Diabetes Management and Research
Subfield: Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences