jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Family Literacy and Reading Comprehension

Throughout history, the family has been the primary source for learning. Before the advent of schools, children were taught by their parents, older siblings, grandparents, and/or other relatives. And although schools now serve as sites for formal education, parents are still the child's "fi rst and most important teacher" (Edwards, Pleasants, & Franklin, 1999). Because the family exists in a network of community, its members are continually communicating, negotiating, and otherwise interacting with schools, within the context of their cultural and community orientations (Bhola, 1996).

Topic: Reading and Literacy Development
Subfield: Developmental and Educational Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Positive selection‐associated skin‐homing of fetal thymic gamma/delta T cells

Murine skin‐specific intraepithelial γδ T cells (sIELs) are prototypic non‐lymphoid tissue specific “innate lymphocytes”. Nearly all sIELs express identical Vγ3/Vδ1 γδ T cell receptors (TCR) and originate from the fetal thymus. Previously, we found that positive selection of γδ T cells in the fetal thymus is associated with a unique expression profile of chemokine receptors, such as upregulation of potentially important skin‐homing receptor CCR10, suggesting that a unique selection process of the fetal thymic γδ T cells determines their homing properties and peripheral localization. Confirming this, we now generated CCR10 knockout mice and found that development of γδ T cells in the skin, but not in other tissues, were severely impaired in these mice. Furthermore, we found that positively selected fetal thymic γδ T cells developed into sIELs without requirement of further peripheral TCR/ligand interaction, demonstrating that the central selection process of γδ T cells in the fetal thymus is sufficient to direct their migration and expansion in the skin. These findings may serve a paradigm for understanding development of other tissue‐specific “innate lymphocyte”, including γδ, NK, CD8αα, mucosal associated invariant T cells and B1 B cells, a group of important but poorly understood immune cells.

Topic: T-cell and B-cell Immunology
Subfield: Immunology
Field: Immunology and Microbiology
Domain: Life Sciences
Effects of amyloid-β peptide on glutamine transporter mRNA expression and cell viability in cultured rat cortical cells

Alzheimer's disease is a major neurodegenerative disorder in which there is an overproduction and accumulation of amyloid- (A ) peptides. During the initial stages of the disease, glutamate receptors are dysregulated by A accumulation resulting in the disruption of glutamatergic synaptic transmission. We used rat cortical cell cultures to examine the effects of A (25-35)-induced neurotoxicity on glutamine transporters involved in the glutamate cycle. In primary mixed cell cultures prepared from cerebral cortex, incubation with 10 µM A (25-35) for 12 h, but not for 24 h, markedly suppressed system A transporter 1 (SAT1) mRNA expression. On the other hand, A (25-35) had no effect on SAT1 mRNA level in neuronal cell cultures. Treatment of both types of cell cultures with A (25-35) resulted in a significant decrease in cell survival in a concentration and time-dependent manner, as determined by MTT assay. These results indicated that A may impair neuronal function and transmitter synthesis and perhaps reduce excitotoxicity through a reduction in neuronal glutamine uptake.

Topic: Amino Acid Enzymes and Metabolism
Subfield: Biochemistry
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Unfolding the Future: Bifurcation in Organizing Form and Emergence in Social Systems

This paper presents a complexity science informed theory to describe how organizing forms emerge and foster innovation. The theory explores the bidirectional linkages between fine-grained interactions among human beings in a complex adaptive system and the emergent coarse-grained properties that characterize qualitatively distinct and yet stable organizing forms in social systems. By exploiting a mathematical foundation that has been successfully employed in analogous cases in the natural sciences, it opens the door to a rigorous theory of performance and adaptation in human systems by relating changing local rules of interaction to qualitative changes in emerging organizing forms. This process is mediated by evolving models of the system in the environment developed and shared among individuals. Finally, the paper explores whether this model can be used canonically and does so in the context of axiomatic hurdles that must be overcome if a practical mathematical theory of human organizing is to be realized.

Topic: Complex Systems and Decision Making
Subfield: Management Science and Operations Research
Field: Decision Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Approximate Solution of the Structural Problems Using Probabilistic Transformation

The aim of this paper is to present a new methodology for the evaluation of the statistical proprieties of the response of structures, based on The Finite Element Analysis (FEA) coupled with the Probabilistic Transformation Method (PTM). Uncertainty modelling with random variables motivates the adoption of advanced PTM for reliability analysis to solve problems of mechanical systems. The PTM is readily applicable in the case where the expression between input and output of structures are available in explicit analytical form. However, the situation is much more involved when it is necessary to perform the evaluation of implicit expression between input and output of structures through numerical models. For this we propose technique that combines the FEA software, and the PTM program to evaluate the Probability Density Function (PDF) of the response where the expression between input and output of structures is implicit. This technique is based on the numerical simulations of the FEA and the PTM by making an interface between Finite Element software and Matlab. Some problems of structures are treated in order to demonstrate the applicability of the proposed technique.

Topic: Probabilistic and Robust Engineering Design
Subfield: Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty
Field: Decision Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Stimulation cérébrale profonde : nouvelles cibles et nouvelles indications

It is thanks to great advances in the field of neuroscience, which allowed identifying dysfunctions in neural networks as the cause of many psychiatric and neurological diseases, that the number of indications for deep brain stimulation (DBS) has quickly expanded. Although the precise mechanism of action of DBS is unknown, this method probably works by influencing the neural pathways through stimulation of deep targeted brain nuclei which behave as "hubs" in these complex networks. Currently, there is growing interest on DBS' potential benefit, especially in the psychiatric field. This review intends to tackle the current and future psychiatric and neurological indications of DBS.

Topic: Neurological disorders and treatments
Subfield: Neurology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Roots Music in America: Collected Writings of Joe WilsonLucky Joe’s Namesake: The Extraordinary Life and Observations of Joe Wilson

Book Review| April 01 2019 Roots Music in America: Collected Writings of Joe WilsonLucky Joe’s Namesake: The Extraordinary Life and Observations of Joe Wilson Roots Music in America: Collected Writings of Joe Wilson. Ed. Fred Bartenstein. (Knoxville: University of Tennessee Press, 2017. Pp. xi + 290, foreword, preface, acknowledgments, index.).Lucky Joe’s Namesake: The Extraordinary Life and Observations of Joe Wilson. Ed. Fred Bartenstein. (Knoxville: University of Tennessee Press, 2017. Pp. xv + 215, foreword, preface, acknowledgments, notes, index.). Bradley Hanson Bradley Hanson Tennessee Arts Commission Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Journal of American Folklore (2019) 132 (524): 218–221. https://doi.org/10.5406/jamerfolk.132.524.0218 Cite Icon Cite Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Permissions Search Site Citation Bradley Hanson; Roots Music in America: Collected Writings of Joe WilsonLucky Joe’s Namesake: The Extraordinary Life and Observations of Joe Wilson. Journal of American Folklore 1 January 2019; 132 (524): 218–221. doi: https://doi.org/10.5406/jamerfolk.132.524.0218 Download citation file: Zotero Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All Scholarly Publishing CollectiveUniversity of Illinois PressJournal of American Folklore Search Advanced Search The text of this article is only available as a PDF. Copyright 2019 by the Board of Trustees of the University of Illinois2019 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.

Topic: Diverse Musicological Studies
Subfield: Music
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Effects of Obesity and Asthma on Lung Function and Airway Dysanapsis in Adults and Children

Obesity increases the risk of developing asthma in children and adults. Obesity is associated with different effects on lung function in children and adults. In adults, obesity has been associated with reduced lung function resulting from a relatively small effect on forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC), with the FEV1/FVC ratio remaining unchanged or mildly increased (restrictive pattern). In contrast, in children, obesity is associated with normal or higher FEV1 and FVC but a lower FEV1/FVC ratio (obstructive pattern). This anomaly has recently been associated with a phenomenon known as dysanapsis which results from a disproportionate growth between lung parenchyma size and airway calibre. The mechanisms that promote disproportionate lung parenchyma growth compared with airways in obese children remain to be elucidated. Obesity and dysanapsis in asthma patients might contribute to asthma morbidity by increasing airway obstruction, airway hyper-reactivity and airway inflammation. Obesity and dysanapsis in asthma patients are associated with increased medication use, more emergency department visits, hospitalizations and systemic corticosteroid burst than patients with normal weight. Dysanapsis may explain the reduced response to asthma medications in obese children. Weight loss results in a significant improvement in lung function, airway reactivity and asthma control. Whether these improvements are associated with the changes in the dysanaptic alteration is as yet unclear.

Topic: Asthma and respiratory diseases
Subfield: Physiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Rejecting and Embracing the Monstrous in Ancient Greece

The Greeks adapted many of their monsters from the Near East, but it was in 
ancient Greek culture that monsters reached an apogee of sorts, with both pictorial 
and literary depictions of monsters flourishing to a degree not seen before.1 For the 
Greeks, monsters embodied a variety of fears: the potential of chaos to overcome 
order, of irrationality to prevail over reason; the potential victory of nature 
against the encroaching civilizations of mankind; the little-understood nature of 
the female in contrast to the male. The Greek myths repeatedly present monsters 
being conquered by gods and men; the forces of order, reason, civilization, and 
patriarchy inevitably prevail in Greek thought.

Topic: Gothic Literature and Media Analysis
Subfield: Cultural Studies
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Weather risk management and viability of weather insurance in punja

Weather risk means that bad weather may disrupt the company's operations or cause property damage. Climate insurance is a form of financial protection against losses or damages that occur as a result of a moderate, severe weather. Wind, snow, rain / thunderstorms, fog, and unacceptable temperatures are examples of these conditions.it can be help farmers to recover their losses which may happen from weather conditions. Farmers' willingness to pay (WTP) serves as an indicator of the maximum premium they are willing to pay to secure their crop. New options for smallholder farmers include indicative crop insurance or climate insurance against climate control, where payments should be made with very low rainfall, temperature stress, and price-based insurance schemes based on market risk management tools. Instead of covering only a percentage of the risk, such programs may include comprehensive weather risk insurance.

Topic: Agricultural risk and resilience
Subfield: Soil Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
The Order of Knowing: Juan Luis Vives on Language, Thought, and the Topics

This article seeks to locate Vives’s work in the tradition of humanist thought that criticized the linguistic and philosophical abstraction of the scholastics. After discussing Vives’s views on language and knowledge as functions of man’s biological nature, the article argues that for Vives the topics, as seats of argumentation, are a reflection of the ontological order and as such an instrument and heuristic aid for the human mind. They form a grid through which knowledge can be acquired and arguments be formulated. The topics bridge the world of (unknown) essences and man’s epistemic categories.

Topic: Medieval Philosophy and Theology
Subfield: Philosophy
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
[A Case of Retroperitoneal Mature Teratoma with Combined Resection of Left Kidney].

A 37-year-old woman with the complaint of stomachache was referred to our hospital because a retroperitoneal tumor was detected in an ultrasound study at another hospital. Magnetic resonance imaging showed a poorly enhanced 14 cm tumor in the left retroperitoneal space suggesting a cyst that contained fat and showed calcification. Abdominal dynamic computed tomography revealed left renal vein stenosis and left ovarian vein dilation caused by tumor compression of the renal vein. The tumor was excised together with the left kidney because the renal vein was adhered to the tumor. The resected specimen weighed 1,300 g, and the histological diagnosis was mature teratoma. The patient has experienced no recurrence at eight months after surgery.

Topic: Renal cell carcinoma treatment
Subfield: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Anti-convulsant therapy in eclampsia.

Seventy four patients presented with eclampsia at N.W.M. Hospital. Bombay. Among the patients with eclampsia, 64.9&amp;#x0025; were primis, 29.7&amp;#x0025; were gravida II-IV and 5.4&amp;#x0025; were grand multis. As many as 40.5&amp;#x0025; patients were less than 20 years of age, while 2.7&amp;#x0025; were over 30 years of age. 48.7&amp;#x0025; had antepartum convulsions, 40.5&amp;#x0025; had intrapartum convulsions, while 8 patients convulsed in the postpartum period. Besides standard management of eclamptic patients, 3 protocols of anticonvulsant therapy were utilised. 27&amp;#x0025; were managed with diphenyl hydantoin sodium, 43&amp;#x0025; with magnesium sulphate, and 30&amp;#x0025; by combination of diazepam and pentazocine. The maternal and perinatal outcome was evaluated. Control of convulsions was superior with magnesium sulphate while perinatal outcome was best with diphenyl hydantoin.

Topic: Pharmacological Effects and Toxicity Studies
Subfield: Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Defining Fertilization Strategies for Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) Production Under Sudano-Sahelian Conditions: Options for Late Basal Fertilizer Application

Soil nutrient deficiency and rainfall variability impair the production of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L).Moench) in Sudano-Sahelian zone.The aim is to study the environmental factors that can determine the effect of fertilizer application on sorghum grain yield and to formulate tailored fertilization strategies according to sorghum varieties (hybrid and open pollinated improved varieties) and environmental context.Field experiments were conducted during the 2015 and 2016 growing seasons in Nioro du Rip and in Sinthiou Malème (Senegal).In a randomized complete block design arranged in a split-plot with four replications, three factors were tested: sorghum genotype (G: Fadda, Faourou, Soumalemba and Soumba with different cycle lengths), environment (E: irrigation and rainfed, different soil types and fertility levels), and fertilization management (M: five different combinations of application dose and application time) including T1 = no fertilizer applied; T2 (recommended practice, 100%) = 150 kg/ha of NPK (15-15-15) at emergence + 50 Kg/ha of urea (46%) at tillering + 50 kg/ha of urea at stem extension; T3 = 50% T2; T4 (100% delay) = 150 kg/ha of NPK +50 kg/ha of urea at stem extension +50 kg/ha of urea at heading ; T5 = 50% T4.Results showed that: (i) in most environments, stressed plants under late application treatments (T4 and T5) recovered biomass once the fertilizer was applied (ii); grain yield with T5 was higher than with T4 under well-watered conditions (sufficient and well distributed rainfall and eventual complementary irrigations) ; (iii) Fadda, a hybrid, responded differently to fertilization than the other varieties only for biomass production, (iv) late fertilizer application treatment (T4) gave higher grain yield than the recommended practice (T2) in the environment with low yield potential, and (v) long cycle duration genotypes benefited better from late fertilization compared to short cycle duration genotypes.This study showed that under Sudano-Sahelian conditions late fertilization of sorghum can be beneficial to grain yield if the rainy season has a slow start, depending on sorghum genotypes (i.e., cycle length), and on the initial N content of the soil.

Topic: Agronomic Practices and Intercropping Systems
Subfield: Agronomy and Crop Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Performance of orthogonal multi-carrier CDMA in nonfading and nonselective fading channels

Multi-carrier modulation techniques have been proposed for high bit rate services in fading channels. This paper presents two orthogonal multi-carrier CDMA systems. In one system the data bits are serial to parallel (S/P) converted to M branches where they are spread and modulated by orthogonal carriers. In the second system the data bits are transmitted in parallel with M orthogonal carriers (no S/P). We assumed a fixed available bandwidth. The performance of the two systems is studied in nonfading and slowly nonselective fading channels. Both systems provide an improved performance. System II over performs system I in the fading channel.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>

Topic: Wireless Communication Networks Research
Subfield: Computer Networks and Communications
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Studies on the characteristic peak and the sensitivity for the analysis of the micro-component by the mass spectrometry

微量の不純物を検出するには機器分析法が有効であるが,検出と同時にある程度の定性ができる点で,質量スペクトル法が最もすぐれている.にの特質を生かし,定性分析への労力をいくらかでも軽くするため,約350種の炭化水素および含酸素化合物のパタンを整理して,物質の種類により強いピークの現われる位置を調べた.これを化合物の種類(主として官能基)別およびピークの位置別にならべ,検出されたピークの位置から,その物質の定性がしやすいようにした.また,純物質が得られないため,あるいは沸点が高いために,感度がわからず,定量分析のできない場合を考え,感度と分子量の関係を調べ,全イオン強度が分子量とともに増大するにと,この関係が物質の種類ごとに,ほぼ直線的であることを知った.

Topic: Mass Spectrometry Techniques and Applications
Subfield: Spectroscopy
Field: Chemistry
Domain: Physical Sciences
Onboard Condition Monitoring Sensors, Systems and Techniques for Freight Railway Vehicles: A Review

Given the constant demand for heavier, longer, faster, and more efficient rail freight vehicles, onboard fault detection systems appear as a good approach for enhanced railway asset exploitation. Real-time condition monitoring reduces inefficient preventive and reactive maintenance actions, decreases waste from replacing parts that still have a useful life, and improves availability and safety by real-time rolling stock diagnosis. There have been considerable advances in wayside monitoring applications, but these cannot achieve real-time continuous monitoring. With the price reduction and miniaturization trends of electronic devices, the cost of deploying wireless sensor networks onboard freight trains continues to become more feasible and accessible. On the other hand, the lack of onboard electric power availability on freight wagons appears as the major limitation for the implementation of these technologies. This paper reviews recent onboard condition monitoring sensors, systems, methods and techniques, aiming to define the present state of the art and its potential application for freight wagons without onboard electric power.

Topic: Electrical Contact Performance and Analysis
Subfield: Mechanical Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Experimental Research on Tensile Strength of Premixed Concrete at Early Ages

The splitting tensile method for the tensile strength of concrete is usually used in structural applications, so it is great important in the investigating the relation between the direct tensile strength and the splitting strength. But the relationship between the splitting strength and the direct tensile strength is not consolidatly confirmed at home and abroad. In order to obtain the exact results, the experimental apparatus for concrete of the direct tension are designed, which resolves the difficulty of ensuring that the load is truly axial. Tests of the direct tension are performanced on three different concrete mixes (C20,C40,C60) at 3, 7, 14 , 28 and 60 days and the test data do not scatter. The relations between the tensile strength and the cube compressive strength are obtained and a formula for investigating the relation between the direct tensile strength and the splitting strength are proposed.

Topic: Structural Engineering and Vibration Analysis
Subfield: Civil and Structural Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Universal Pharmacare in Canada: A Prescription for Equity in Healthcare

Despite progressive universal drug coverage and pharmaceutical policies found in other countries, Canada remains the only developed nation with a publicly funded healthcare system that does not include universal coverage for prescription drugs. In the absence of a national pharmacare plan, a province may choose to cover a specific sub-population for certain drugs. Although different provinces have individually attempted to extend coverage to certain subpopulations within their jurisdictions, out-of-pocket expenses on drugs and pharmaceutical products (OPEDP) accounts for a large proportion of out-of-pocket health expenses (OPHE) that are catastrophic in nature. Pharmaceutical drug coverage is a major source of public scrutiny among politicians and policy-makers in Canada. In this editorial, we focus on social inequalities in the burden of OPEDP in Canada. Prescription drugs are inconsistently covered under patchworks of public insurance coverage, and this inconsistency represents a major source of inequity of healthcare financing. Residents of certain provinces, rural households and Canadians from poorer households are more likely to be affected by this inequity and suffer disproportionately higher proportions of catastrophic out-of-pocket expenses on drugs and pharmaceutical products (COPEDP). Universal pharmacare would reduce COPEDP and promote a more equitable healthcare system in Canada.

Topic: Healthcare Policy and Management
Subfield: Economics and Econometrics
Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance
Domain: Social Sciences