jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
The Subsyndromal Phenomenology of Borderline Personality Disorder: A 10-Year Follow-Up Study

Objective: The purpose of this study was to characterize the course of 24 symptoms of borderline personality disorder in terms of time to remission. Method: The borderline psychopathology of 362 patients with personality disorders, all recruited during inpatient stays, was assessed using two semistructured interviews of proven reliability. Of these, 290 patients met DSM-III-R criteria as well as Revised Diagnostic Interview for Borderlines criteria for borderline personality disorder, and 72 met DSM-III-R criteria for another axis II disorder. Over 85% of the patients were reinterviewed at five distinct 2-year follow-up waves by interviewers blind to all previously collected information. Results: Among borderline patients, 12 of the 24 symptoms studied showed patterns of sharp decline over time and were reported at 10-year follow-up by less than 15% of the patients who reported them at baseline. The other 12 symptoms showed patterns of substantial but less dramatic decline over the follow-up period. Symptoms reflecting core areas of impulsivity (e.g., self-mutilation and suicide efforts) and active attempts to manage interpersonal difficulties (e.g., problems with demandingness/entitlement and serious treatment regressions) seemed to resolve the most quickly. In contrast, affective symptoms reflecting areas of chronic dysphoria (e.g., anger and loneliness/emptiness) and interpersonal symptoms reflecting abandonment and dependency issues (e.g., intolerance of aloneness and counterdependency problems) seemed to be the most stable. Conclusions: The results suggest that borderline personality disorder may consist of both symptoms that are manifestations of acute illness and symptoms that represent more enduring aspects of the disorder.

Topic: Personality Disorders and Psychopathology
Subfield: Clinical Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Study of the elemental composition of plants and extracts of medicinal plants through X-ray fluorescence

Abstract Medicinal plant extracts are mostly used in different kinds of products in different areas, such as pharmaceutical, cosmetic, food and veterinary, being employed in different dosages and applications. It is known that the metabolism of the human body is regulated by the presence or absence of certain chemical elements. Some elements enter vital functions, such as potassium and calcium. Potassium helps in muscle contractions, especially of the heart muscle, and calcium enters as an specific element in the bone composition. Some other elements like heavy metals (As, Hg, Cd, and Pb) are highly toxic to the human body, even at quite low concentrations. Therefore, there is the need to investigate the chemical composition of plants and medicinal extracts, because the presence of some elements in levels concentrations, as well as the deficiency of others, can lead to a series of metabolic disorders in the human body. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the chemical composition of plants and extracts of medicinal plants, using the Energy Dispersive X-Ray Fluoresce (EDXRF) technique, to assessing the chemical composition of plants and extracts. The qualitative and quantitative chemical elements investigated in the plants and extracts were: As, Cr, Cu, Fe, Ni, Zn, Si, P, S, Cl, K, Ca, Ti, V, Mn, Co, Rb, Zr, Cd, Sn, Ba, Hg, Pb, Bi, Mo, Pd, and Pt.

Topic: Heavy Metals in Plants
Subfield: Analytical Chemistry
Field: Chemistry
Domain: Physical Sciences
104 Reducing unwarranted variations in frequency of coronary angiographies in germany by describing, understanding and modifying local practice

<h3>Objectives</h3> Germany has one of the highest numbers of coronary angiography worldwide. Nevertheless, we find a great variation between German regions for both, diagnostic coronary angiographies and percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI). We assume that this variation is not only due to variation in morbidity but also reflects factors such as guideline adherence, physician-patient communication and access to care. In this mixed method project, we aim to first describe the variation of coronary angiographies and PCIs in different German regions. Secondly, we explore current practices and motives for (non-)adherences to guidelines in the diagnostic process of patients with suspected CHD. Based on these results, we consequently plan to develop a complex intervention (treatment pathway) to improve guideline adherence and thus appropriateness of coronary angiography. <h3>Method</h3> The projects will be organized according to the recommendation of the Medical Research Council for the development and evaluation of complex interventions. The first study will use descriptive methods based on routine data of three German Health Care Insurances and registry data to describe status quo and associated factors of coronary angiography. The second study will use qualitative methods to understand barriers and facilitators of guideline adherence and medical decision making. Furthermore, we will discuss variations in care and thereby identify implementation targets for the planned treatment pathway. Based on this information, we will develop local treatment pathways in four selected regions. Relevant peers will develop the local pathway in group discussions. Using this bottom-up approach, we directly address implementation challenges.

Topic: Clinical practice guidelines implementation
Subfield: Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Third‐party callers to the national suicide prevention lifeline: Seeking assistance on behalf of people at imminent risk of suicide

Abstract Objective To assist suicidal individuals, people in their social network are often directed to the National Suicide Prevention Lifeline (Lifeline). The study's objective was to provide information on third‐party calls made out of concern for another person. Method Reports on 172 third‐party calls concerning individuals deemed to be at imminent suicide risk were completed by 30 crisis counselors at six Lifeline crisis centers. Results Third‐party callers were most likely to be calling about a family member or friend and were significantly more likely than persons at risk to be female and middle‐aged or older. Counselors were able to collect information about suicide risk, and counselors and third‐parties were nearly always able to identify at least one intervention to aid the person at risk. Emergency services were contacted on 58.1 percent of the calls, which represents a somewhat higher rate of emergency services involvement than previously reported on imminent risk calls placed by the person at risk. Characteristics of third‐parties and persons‐at‐risk each predicted emergency service involvement, but counselor characteristics did not. Non‐emergency interventions were implemented on 68.6 percent of calls. Conclusions Individuals calling the Lifeline when they are worried about someone are provided a range of interventions which can supplement, and at times replace, calling 911.

Topic: Suicide and Self-Harm Studies
Subfield: Clinical Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Entrevista com Yasmini Vargaz

Em entrevista ao programa Musica em Pessoa, a soprano Yasmini Vargaz fala sobre sua trajetoria e compartilha com os ouvintes gravacoes de suas interpretacoes de arias de operas de Mozart e Vivaldi, ao lado da Orquestra de Câmara da ULBRA e da Orquestra Unisinos Anchieta. Yasmini e bacharel em Canto Lirico pela UFRGS, e acaba de se tornar professora da area na Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro.

Topic: Brazilian cultural history and politics
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Identity in social context: Plurilingual families in Baden-Wuerttemberg and South Tyrol

In trying to understand how identity can be constructed in the face of diversity, plurilingual families are a focal point of interest, since they live between different cultures and identities. In our article, we assume along with Bucholtz and Hall (2005) that identity encompasses macro-level demographic categories, local ethnographically specific cultural positions as well as temporary, interactionally specific stances and participant roles. Based on this theoretical assumption, we will describe how plurilingual families construct their identity by comparing two different regions: the officially monolingual German federal state of Baden-Wuerttemberg and the officially trilingual Autonomous Province of Bolzano/South Tyrol. The analysis in this article is based on semi-structured interviews with and self-recordings of plurilingual families in Baden-Wuerttemberg and South Tyrol.

Topic: Linguistic Education and Pedagogy
Subfield: Language and Linguistics
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Doing Ethnography in Music Education

Abstract Ethnography is a relatively recent form of inquiry in music education research in the United States that describes, analyzes, and helps one understand a particular culture. This chapter explores the process of doing ethnography in schools and in music education research. The chapter defines and describes ethnographic methodologies in education, including theoretical framework, participant observation, and data collection, and discusses the potential for ethnographic methods to contribute information and insights in music education research. Finally, the chapter looks at several examples of how ethnography is used in music education literature from the 1980s to the present, and explores the benefits and contributions of ethnography for music education research.

Topic: Diverse Music Education Insights
Subfield: Music
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Effects of freeze-dried Fragaria x ananassa powder on alloxan-induced diabetic complications in Wistar rats

Strawberries contain antioxidant phytochemicals, which have been shown to beneficial against inflammation, cardiovascular disease, cancer, obesity, neurodegeneration, hyperglycaemia and associated diabetic complications. Freeze-dried strawberry powder (FSP) is effective in controlling metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular risk factors. The present investigation was designed to evaluate the effect of FSP on alloxan-induced diabetes in rats. Diabetes was induced in male Wistar albino rats by intraperitoneal injection of alloxan monohydrate (150 mg/kg bw), and treatment with FSP (700 mg/day for 45 days) was started 48 h after alloxan injection. Blood glucose, insulin, C-peptide, haemoglobin, renal function markers (urea, uric acid and creatinine) and enzyme markers (aspartate and alanine transaminases and alkaline phosphatase) were assayed with suitable methods. Animals given alloxan had significant body weight loss, poor glucose tolerance and increased blood glucose with concomitant decreases in insulin, C-peptide and haemoglobin values, and significant (p < 0.05) changes in the levels of renal function markers and enzyme activities. Oral administration of FSP for 45 days significantly (p < 0.05) reverted the body weight loss, hyperglycaemia, biochemical parameters, enzyme activities and insulin levels to near normal levels. FSP can revert alloxan-induced diabetes and its complications. The antioxidant properties of the fruit probably play a major role in the observed changes.

Topic: Natural Antidiabetic Agents Studies
Subfield: Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
COMPARISON OF POPULATION ECOLOGY BETWEEN TWO MYMARID EGG PARASITOIDS OF RICE PLANTHOPPERS

Anagrus nilaparvatae Pang et Wang and Anagrus paranilaparvatae Pang et Wang are important egg parasitoids of rice planthoppers in Nanjing and other southern rice areas of China.If was observed that between these two parasitoids there was a seasonal replacement of populations;and experiments were carried out to analyse the cause of this phenomenon.The results showed that the temperature threshold for the immature stage awl generation development of A.nilaparvatae was lower than that for A.paranilaparvatae;therefore the former may have more generations a year.The survival in immature stage and fecundity of A.nilaparvatae were greatly reduced at high temperature:hut the highest mortality of A.paranila-parratae occurred at 18℃.According to the experiment data,theoretically the must favourable temperature for their population growth were 27.41℃ and 31.87℃resperrively,at which A.nilapareatae had higher innate capacity for increase than A,paramlaparnataWhen eggs of Sogatella Jurcijera and Neapareate lages were provided logether as larsts for the two Mymarid parasitoids,A.nilaparuatue prefetured N.lugens which was only attat cked by A.paranilaparade The Tunetional respotses to the host densities of the two parasitolds parasitizing the eggs of N.lugens were analysed,and it was found that their behavioural responses to varying host egg densities fit to the Holling's type II functional response.According to the ratio of searching or attacking efficiency(a')to the handling time(Th),A,pa-ranilepareatae had higher potential in controlling N.lugens than A.nilaparvatae.

Topic: Agricultural Research and Practices
Subfield: General Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
THE STONE AGE IN THE AEGEAN

The existence of a Neolithic culture in the Aegean area was first recognized during the opening years of this century—at Dhimini and Sesklo in Thessaly by Staïs and Tsountas, in the regions of Elatea and Chaeronea (in Phocis and Boeotia respectively) by Soteriades, at Boeotian Orchomenus by a Bavarian expedition, at Cnossus in Crete by Evans. Within the first decade the picture of that culture was already filled in in considerable detail and subsequent excavations supplied it with both breadth and depth. But while stone artefacts of pre-Neolithic types were thought to have been found at times on the Greek mainland, no stratified remains surely of Palaeolithic or Mesolithic types were found until 1941, when Stampfuss cut a trench into the fill of the Seidi Cave, located at the south-east corner of the Copaïc Basin, about two miles east of Haliartus. Only then was it fairly certain that men in the food-gathering, rather than the food-producing, stage had lived in Greece, but the exact date of these finds remained in question. It was the work of Milojčić and the German expedition to Thessaly which first lengthened enormously the record of human occupation in Greece, with the discovery in 1956 of an Aceramic Neolithic culture at Argissa and then, in 1958, with the location of numerous sites of Middle and Late Palaeolithic occupation along the Peneus River west of Larissa.’ These have been followed by similar discoveries in other parts of the Aegean as well as in Thessaly, and by a re-appraisal of earlier reports, so that a somewhat continuous sequence covering perhaps as much as 100,000 years now begins to take shape.

Topic: Ancient Mediterranean Archaeology and History
Subfield: Archeology
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Case-Control Study to Estimate the Association Between Tdap Vaccination During Pregnancy and Reduced Risk of Pertussis in Newborn Infants in Peru, 2019–2021

Abstract Background Despite widespread vaccination, pertussis has re-emerged as a serious public health concern worldwide. Since 2017, Peru has experienced an increase in pertussis cases exhibiting a higher risk of severity and death in young infants. Thus, a dose of the tetanus, diphtheria, and acellular pertussis (Tdap) vaccine is recommended for pregnant women in the third trimester. Although evidence suggests the maternal Tdap vaccine is safe and effective, its association with a reduced risk of pertussis in developing countries remains poorly investigated. Methods We conducted a case-control study to evaluate the association between Tdap vaccination during pregnancy and reduction in the risk of pertussis among infants aged &amp;lt;2 months in Peru. Pertussis cases and controls treated in healthcare facilities nationwide between 2019 and 2021 and confirmed by real-time polymerase chain reaction were included. The controls were randomly selected from test-negative patients. Odds ratios (ORs) and vaccine effectiveness (VE) were calculated using a multiple logistic regression model and 1 − (OR) × 100%, respectively. Results Fifty cases and 150 controls were included in the analysis. The mothers of 4% of cases and 16.7% of controls received Tdap vaccination during pregnancy, resulting in an OR of 0.19 (95% confidence interval [CI], .04–.86) and VE of 81% (95% CI, 14%–96%) for preventing pertussis in infants. Conclusions Peruvian infants &amp;lt;2 months old whose mothers received the Tdap vaccine in the third trimester of pregnancy had a significantly lower risk of pertussis. The Tdap vaccination is thus an effective intervention to reduce the burden of pertussis in at-risk populations.

Topic: Bacterial Infections and Vaccines
Subfield: Microbiology
Field: Immunology and Microbiology
Domain: Life Sciences
A Recovered Case of Japanese Spotted Fever with Supportive Treatment Only

We report herein on a case of a 71-year-old female who recovered from Japanese spotted fever (JSF) without tetracycline (TC) treatment. In late September 2015, she suffered from a high fever of 38℃ and appetite loss after mountain hiking. In 2 days, she had rash over her whole body suspected to be due to viral infection. Her blood test showed thrombocytopenia, moderate inflammation, and mild liver dysfunction. She was admitted to in our hospital with intravenous drip infusions of 1.5-2.0L/day, and her general condition was improved on Day 3 of admission. Her serum IgG/IgM levels of anti-JSF were elevated from negative on Day 17 to 1:5,120/1:2,560 on Day 61, indicating the diagnosis of JSF. Our literature search found 2 cases that recovered from JSF without TC and 4 fatal cases and suggested that maintaining renal function by early admission is necessary to obtain a favorable outcome of JSF.

Topic: Viral Infections and Vectors
Subfield: Infectious Diseases
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Mechanism of CRISPR-Cas Immunological Memory

Immunological memory, defined as the ability for cells to rapidly respond to previously encountered pathogens, has long been thought to be present solely in eukaryotes. Recently, it was discovered that bacteria and archaea also possess analogous adaptive immune systems called CRISPR–Cas (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats–CRISPR associated). CRISPRs are distinct genomic loci comprising of repeating 20-50 base pair (bp) sequences that are separated by foreign DNA-derived segments called spacers. Upon viral infection, a ~30 bp fragment of the foreign DNA is acquired into the CRISPR locus as a new spacer, serving as a molecular memory of that specific infection. The CRISPR RNA (crRNA) products of CRISPR loci are used as guides by Cas proteins to silence infectious foreign genetic elements containing sequence complementarity to the crRNA. The research presented in this dissertation elucidates the mechanisms underlying spacer acquisition during CRISPR immunity. Cas1 and Cas2, the only universally conserved Cas proteins present in CRISPR-harboring organisms, are sufficient to elicit spacer acquisition in E. coli. Using a combination of biochemical, bacterial genetics and X-ray crystallography experiments, we reveal the requirement of Cas1 and Cas2 to associate as a protein complex during CRISPR immunity. Cas1 is the catalytic subunit, whereas Cas2 functions as a scaffold within the complex. By determining crystal structures of Cas1–Cas2 bound to a 33 bp DNA from M13 bacteriophage, we uncover Cas1–Cas2 as a molecular ruler that precisely measures the foreign DNA across the entire complex with each DNA end terminating in the catalytic Cas1 active sites. Collectively, our structural data uncover how Cas1–Cas2 captures, measures and prepares foreign DNA for insertion into the CRISPR locus.A hallmark of CRISPR immunological memory is the addition of foreign DNA spacers into CRISPR loci. By developing an in vitro assay to study spacer acquisition, we reveal that purified Cas1–Cas2 can be loaded with 18-50 bp spacer DNA for integration into a plasmid encoding the CRISPR locus. Cas1–Cas2 integrates spacers adjacent to the CRISPR repeats via a nucleophilic reaction of the DNA 3'–OH ends into the target DNA, in a mechanism similar to many retroviral integrases and transposases. Furthermore, the integration host factor (IHF) protein in E. coli binds the CRISPR leader to induce sufficient DNA bending required for the integration reaction, explaining the mechanistic basis for leader-proximal spacer acquisition observed in vivo. Together, these in vitro assays fully recapitulate immunological memory during prokaryotic CRISPR immunity.

Topic: CRISPR and Genetic Engineering
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
[The usefulness of three rapid commercially-available tests for the identification of Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from animals].

3 commercially available tests STAPHYSLIDE (api bio Mérieux), STAPHYLASE (Oxoid) and STAPHAUREX-D (Welcome) for identification of Staphylococcus aureus were evaluated by 110 coagulase-positive S. aureus strains and 40 coagulase-negative Staphylococcus strains, isolated from various materials of different animal species. STAPHYSLIDE showed a sensitivity of 53.6% and a specificity of 97.5%, STAPHAUREX-D 56.4% respectively 85% and STAPHYLASE 32.7% respectively 100%. The possible reasons for the weak results of these 3 tests well established in bacteriology of human medicine by use in veterinary bacteriology are discussed.

Topic: Microbial Metabolism and Applications
Subfield: Biotechnology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
A REACTION–DIFFUSION EQUATION MODELING THE INVASION OF THE ARGENTINE ANT POPULATION, <i>LINEPITHEMA HUMILE</i>, AT JASPER RIDGE BIOLOGICAL PRESERVE

Abstract A continuous reaction–diffusion model is developed for the invasive Argentine ant population within a preserve in northern California. The model is a second‐order partial differential equation incorporating a logistic growth term. The dispersal distance traveled during the reproductive process of budding is used to estimate the diffusion coefficient. The model has two homogeneous steady states, one occurring at the propagation front where the Argentine ant population does not yet exist and one occurring where the population has reached carrying capacity. The traveling wave solutions of the model depict the population density for a given time and location. Using current research, parameter values for the model are estimated and a traveling wave solution for the average parameter values is numerically demonstrated.

Topic: Insect and Arachnid Ecology and Behavior
Subfield: Genetics
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences