jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Abstract 151: Software Annotation of Defibrillator Files: Ready for Prime Time?

Introduction: Defibrillators record important information about the quality of chest compressions during CPR. Software made for reviewing defibrillator files automatically annotate and measure chest compression metrics. However, evidence is limited regarding the accuracy of such measurements. Objective: To compare chest compression fraction (CCF) and rate measurements made with software annotation vs. manual annotation of defibrillator files. Methods: This is a retrospective, observational study from the Dallas Fort-Worth site of the Resuscitation Outcomes Consortium. We reviewed chest compression waveforms from the bioimpedance channel of defibrillator recordings (Physio-Control Lifepak 12 and 15, Redmond, WA) of 100 prehospital patients enrolled in the DFW Cardiac Arrest Registry from 9/8/2018 to 3/9/2019. Included cases were ≥18 years, had presumed cardiac cause of arrest, and continuous chest compressions. We assessed chest compression waveforms from the time of initial CPR until the time the defibrillator was removed. A trained reviewer revised the software annotations by marking the start and end of CPR and adding or removing chest compressions. Software annotated and manual reviewer annotated measurements were compared for CCF and rate using intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) statistical analysis. Results: Mean patient age was 63 years with 59% male. The mean (±SD) duration of CPR was 30.4 ± 10.6 min. The overall mean CCF for files annotated by software vs. manual annotation was 0.64 ± 0.19 vs. 0.86 ± 0.07, respectively, and the ICC was 0.14. For software vs. manual annotation, the overall mean rate was 109 ± 10 vs. 108 ± 10, respectively, and ICC was 0.99. The software misidentified epochs before the start of chest compressions, failed to capture epochs after resuscitation ended, and after return of spontaneous circulation, resulting in low ICC for CCF. The ICC was excellent for compression rate because the software only counted epochs where chest compressions were actually given. Conclusions: Software annotation performed poorly for chest compression fraction and very well for chest compression rate. Defibrillator files must be reviewed and annotated manually before quality of chest compression measurements are calculated.

Topic: Cardiac Arrest and Resuscitation
Subfield: Emergency Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
A fragment in each institution: the dispersion of Dita Acatauassu Marajoara Archaelogical Collection (Amazonia, Brazil)

Private collecting of archaeological ceramics was a common practice in Amazonia during the 19th and 20th centuries, and the collected material has been deposited in a number of Brazilian and international museums. Those collections have become the object of study in various areas, despite the difficulty in retrieving original information. This paper analyses the Dita Acatauassu collection from Marajó Island, for an eventual permanent custody by the Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi. Results of morphological and decoration analysis of 613 individually inventoried fragments allowed for the reorganisation of 40% of the holdings. In addition, a diagnosis of residues of previous interventions and recent fractures, compared to the documentation, determined the existence of fragments belonging to the same objects in two other institutions sometimes adding up to almost complete items. Complex and unique issues related to the conservation and management of archaeological collections, donations and decontextualisation of holdings, loan policies and collection sharing of objects formed by fragments in the care of different institutions are discussed.

Topic: Amazonian Archaeology and Ethnohistory
Subfield: History
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Relationship between Sterol/Steroid Structure and Participation in Ordered Lipid Domains (Lipid Rafts):  Implications for Lipid Raft Structure and Function

The formation and stability of ordered lipid domains (rafts) in model membrane vesicles were studied using a series of sterols and steroids structurally similar to cholesterol. In one assay, insolubility in Triton X-100 was assessed in bilayers composed of sterol/steroid mixed with dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC), dioleoylphosphatidylcholine, or a 1:1 mixture of these phospholipids. In a second assay fluorescence quenching was used to determine the degree of ordered domain formation in bilayers containing sterol/steroid and a 1:1 mixture of DPPC and a quencher-carrying phosphatidylcholine. Both methods showed that several single modifications of the cholesterol structure weaken, but do not fully abolish, the ability of sterols and steroids to promote ordered domain formation when mixed with DPPC. Some of these modifications included a shift of the double bond from the 5-6 carbons (cholesterol) to 4-5 carbons (allocholesterol), derivatization of the 3-OH (cholesterol methyl ether, cholesteryl formate), and alteration of the 3-hydroxy to a keto group (cholestanone). An oxysterol involved in atherosclerosis, 7-ketocholesterol, formed domains with DPPC that were as thermally stable as those with cholesterol although not as tightly packed as judged by fluorescence anisotropy. It was also found that 7-ketocholesterol has fluorescence quenching properties making it a useful spectroscopic probe. Lathosterol, which has a 7-8 carbon double bond in place of the 5-6 double bond of cholesterol, formed rafts with DPPC that were at least as detergent-resistant as, and even more thermally stable than, rafts containing cholesterol. Because lathosterol is an intermediate in cholesterol biosynthesis, we conclude it is unlikely that sterol biosynthesis continues past lathosterol in order to create a raft-favoring lipid.

Topic: Lipid Membrane Structure and Behavior
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Issue Publication Information

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleIssue Publication InformationCite this: ACS Chem. Neurosci. 2019, 10, 4, XXX-XXXPublication Date (Web):April 17, 2019Publication History Published online17 April 2019Published inissue 17 April 2019https://doi.org/10.1021/cnv010i004_1273631Copyright © 2019 American Chemical SocietyRIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views96Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (176 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts

Topic: Academic Writing and Publishing
Subfield: History and Philosophy of Science
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Some Determinants of Property Crime: <i>Economic Factors Influence Criminal Behavior But Cannot Completely Explain the Syndrome</i>

A bstract . An empirical analysis of the property crimes, robbery, burglary and larceny , is presented for all 120 counties in Kentucky. While this analysis is based on an economic model of crime, certain sociological and legal variables are included as well in the system of equations. Overall, the empirical results support prior studies’findings with the exception that a quadratic relationship is found to exist between urbanization and each of the property crimes. Furthermore, neither the economic nor the non economic influences measured appear more important for affecting crime rates. Specifically, results indicate that the level of poverty , the degree of tourism , the presence of police , the unemployment rate and the apprehension rate all affect property crimes. In contrast, the length of sentence , the degree of industrialization , the level of public assistance payments and the proportion of youth in the county have no affect on property crime rates in these areas.

Topic: Crime Patterns and Interventions
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
THE ROLE OF CULTURAL ASPECTS ON DISEASE TRANSMISSIONS IN HOSPITALS

Transmission of disease in hospitals is of particular concern at this time considering that this is one of the main causes of high morbidity and mortality rates worldwide. One aspect that plays a role in this incident is the cultural aspect. Various cultural aspects such as habits, beliefs, traditional values, attitudes and knowledge and perceptions of hospital residents can trigger this infection. Several cultural aspects that play a role in disease transmission in the hospital include a culture of clean and healthy living habits (PHBS), a culture of visiting and gathering, a culture of shaking hands, salim and kissing the cheeks, culture due to bad mentality such as penetrating, false discipline and irresponsibility. and the traditions of people who are susceptible to infection with germs. Cultural aspects can also be applied to anticipate disease transmission in hospitals such as health promotion in hospitals, clean culture, optimization of work culture and the application of local wisdom, such as song beduda titinin, arousal of financial actions, fatigue and embarrassment of goloh duri and Tat twam Asi.

Topic: Healthcare Systems and Reforms
Subfield: Finance
Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance
Domain: Social Sciences
The Effect of Anxiety on Regional Brain Volumes in the National Alzheimer’s Coordinating Center Uniform Data Set

Abstract Anxiety has been associated with greater risk of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and existing research has identified structural differences in regional brain tissue in anxious compared to healthy samples, but results have been variable and somewhat inconsistent. We sought to determine the effect of anxiety on regional brain volumes by cognitive and apolipoprotein e (APOE) e4 status using data from a large, national dataset. A secondary analysis of the National Alzheimer’s Coordinating Center Uniform (NACC) Data Set was conducted using complete MRI data from 1,371 participants (mean age: 70.5; SD: 11.7). Multiple linear regression was used to estimate the adjusted effect of anxiety (via the Neuropsychiatric Inventory Questionnaire) on regional brain volumes through measurement of 30 structural MRI biomarkers. Anxiety was associated with lower total brain and total cortical gray matter volumes and increased lateral ventricular volume (p&amp;lt;.05). Lower mean volumes were also observed in all hippocampal, frontal lobe, parietal lobe, temporal lobe, and right occipital lobe volumes among participants who reported anxiety. Conversely, greater ventricular volumes were also correlated with anxiety. Findings suggest that anxiety is associated with significant atrophy in multiple brain regions and ventricular enlargement, even after controlling for intracranial volume and demographic covariates. Anxiety-related changes to brain morphology may contribute to greater AD risk.

Topic: Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
Subfield: Physiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Problemas do Poder Naval português na guerra contra os holandeses

This paper seeks to verify the condition of the Portuguese naval power throughout the war against the WIC, the resources necessary for development and operation of the Navy, the cost and availability of revenue of the Portuguese Crown to preserve them in a critical moment in its history: Restoration of 1640.

Topic: Hermeneutics and Narrative Identity
Subfield: Philosophy
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Tecnologia assistiva: reflexões para o atendimento educacional especializado / Assistive technology: reflections for specialized educational care

Esse artigo traz um recorte dos resultados do estudo de mestrado realizado, no PPGE/FE/UnB, que teve como objetivo analisar a formação continuada de professores especialistas no curso sobre a Tecnologia Assistiva – TA, ofertado pela Escola de Aperfeiçoamento dos Profissionais da Educação, do Governo do Distrito Federal e sua repercussão na prática docente dos egressos do curso. Nesse sentido, é importante compreender a formação continuada como um espaço de constante aprendizado e as atribuições do profissional do Atendimento Educacional Especializado – AEE, no âmbito da educação inclusiva. O curso ofertado abordou o uso das TA no contexto educacional e, portanto, esse tema será compreendido como sendo interdisciplinar envolvendo produtos, serviços e técnicas para atender aos estudantes com deficiência, mobilidade reduzida, seja temporariamente ou não visando autonomia, qualidade de vida e independência em conformidade com o Comitê de Ajudas Técnicas – CAT (2006). Para viabilizar o uso da TA, a formação dos professores para o AEE no Distrito Federal faz-se necessário levar em consideração as atribuições deste serviço ofertado pela escola. A pesquisa foi orientada pela abordagem qualitativa, que além da análise documental, realizou-se o mapeamento dos profissionais egressos, para identificá-los por meio de um questionário, com análise de conteúdo para organizar as categorias. Em seguimento foi estruturado o Grupo Focal - GF composto por seis sujeitos respondentes selecionados levando em consideração áreas/ modalidades distintas, objetivando compreender o olhar dos profissionais sobre essa formação a partir da sua vivência após conclusão do curso. O encontro para realização do GF ocorreu em formato online em decorrência da pandemia, um ajuste necessário e pertinente diante do contexto vivenciado por todos. Para a conclusão, foi realizada a análise de conteúdo considerando todos os dados obtidos. Almeja-se, portanto, oferecer, neste artigo, os principais resultados que possam apontar elementos para novas proposições quanto à formação dos professores para o uso da TA no AEE.

Topic: Education and Digital Technologies
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Potassium activation in Helix aspersa neurones under voltage clamp: a component mediated by calcium influx.

1. Helix aspersa neurones under voltage clamp generate prolonged outward currents (potassium currents) in response to depolarizing command pulses. 2. The potassium currents recorded from cell A were reversibly reduced 25–50% by 10 mM cobalt ions in the bathing medium; 1 mM lanthanum, 10(−6) g/ml. D‐600 and 10(−6) g/ml. iproveratril had similar effects but were only partially reversible. 3. The relationship between the potassium currents and the membrane potential had an “n” shape in normal saline. In calcium‐free saline (containing 25 mM magnesium) the potassium currents were reduced and the “n” shape was abolished. The effect of calcium‐free saline was readily reversible. 4. The voltage‐dependence of the calcium‐sensitive potassium currents was similar to that of the “late” calcium channel in squid axons (Baker, Hodgkin &amp; Ridgway, 1971). 5. When cell A was depolarents were made up of two exponentially declining components. The slower of the two components was reduced in calcium‐free saline. 6. When cell A was depolarized by 150 mV for 10 msec and then repolarized the “tail” currents were made up of a single rapidly declining component. The reversal potential of this component changed by 58 mV for a tenfold change in the external potassium concentration as predicted by the Nernst equation. 7. The reversal potential of “tail” currents having both components was less sensitive to changes in the external potassium concentration. 8. Tetraethylammonium (TEA) ions blocked both calcium dependent and voltage sensitive potassium currents. Each receptor was found to bind a single molecule of TEA. The dissociaton constant was about 10 mM in each case. 9. The intracellular concentration of ionized calcium was estimated from the potential at which there was no apparent calcium influx (the null point). It was between 3 x 10(−8) M and 8 x 10(−8) M with 10(−2) M calcium in the bathing medium. 10. The null point changed 30 mV for a tenfold change in the external calcium concentration as predicted by the Nernst equation. 11. It is concluded that depolarization of Helix neurones activates two typesof potassium channel. One channel is voltage dependent and highly selective for potassium. Activation of the other channel is dependent on the influx (or injection, see Meech, 1972, 1974a) of calcium. This calcium mediated potassium activation system saturates at high external calcium concentrations and is inhibited by external magnesium ions.

Topic: Neuroscience and Neural Engineering
Subfield: Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences
Flexible Setup for the Measurement of CMOS Time-Dependent Variability With Array-Based Integrated Circuits

This paper presents an innovative and automated&#13;\nmeasurement setup for the characterization of variability effects&#13;\nin CMOS transistors using array-based integrated circuits,&#13;\nthrough which a better understanding of CMOS reliability could&#13;\nbe attained. This setup addresses the issues that come with the&#13;\nneed for a trustworthy statistical characterization of these effects:&#13;\ntesting a very large number of devices accurately but, also, in a&#13;\ntimely manner. The setup consists of software and hardware&#13;\ncomponents that provide a user-friendly interface to perform the&#13;\nstatistical characterization of CMOS transistors. Five different&#13;\nelectrical tests, comprehending time-zero and time-dependent&#13;\nvariability effects, can be carried out. Test preparation is, with the&#13;\ndescribed setup, reduced to a few seconds. Moreover, smart&#13;\nparallelization techniques allow reducing the typically timeconsuming&#13;\naging characterization from months to days or even&#13;\nhours. The scope of this paper thus encompasses the methodology&#13;\nand practice of measurement of CMOS time-dependent&#13;\nvariability, as well as the development of appropriate&#13;\nmeasurement systems and components used in efficiently&#13;\ngenerating and acquiring the necessary electrical signals

Topic: Integrated Circuits and Semiconductor Failure Analysis
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Study on distortion of radar target's scattering response measured using wideband waveform

In wideband radar target identification, it is necessary to test or simulate targets' wideband scattering response in form of step-frequency sweeping to build target signature library. In pulsed radar in field, however, targets' wideband scattering response is normally measured using transient wideband waveform. In this paper, the expression of transient wideband scattering response is derived and the simulation analysis of distortions with different target dimension is conducted.

Topic: Radar Systems and Signal Processing
Subfield: Aerospace Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Embodied, caring and disciplinary: A Foucauldian reading of ‘process time’ as constitutive of the biopolitical institution of the family

‘Process time’ describes the recursive/fluid, social and embodied temporality that characterises much ‘women's work’. Though this concept has proven highly useful to feminist analyses of caring and other feminised labour, there has arguably been a tendency for authors in this area to naturalise and valorise this temporality – particularly in relation to the abstract, economic and disciplinary time of the clock. I argue that this naturalisation or valorisation of process time flattens our understanding of feminised labour, and that a feminist social theory of time must recognise the potentially disciplinary forms process time can take. As such, this paper contributes to feminist analyses of time, gender and labour by arguing that the embodied, caring and processual temporality that circulates within modern families can be understood as fundamentally disciplinary. Drawing primarily on Foucauldian theory, as well as Sharon Hays’ concept of ‘intensive mothering’, the paper argues that process time is central to the functioning of the family as a biopolitical institution, just as clock time is integral to the disciplinary mechanisms of the school, prison, barracks, etc. Specifically, it argues that the unique relations of power that circulate within the biopolitical family rely on a unique use of time: one that is intensive and oriented towards the rhythms of the physical body – that is, processual. Further, this disciplinary time is deeply and fundamentally feminine, as it operates (in its ideal form) primarily through the mother.

Topic: Feminism, Gender, and Sexuality Studies
Subfield: Gender Studies
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Toxoplasma in Tissues of Man and Pets

In animals experimental infection with Toxoplasma gondii often lasts for years. In man ocular toxoplasmosis may at times become reactivated years after the initial lesion is seen. This suggests that a dormant infection is present. It therefore seems that a chronic cryptic infection in animals and man is quite common without any obvious evience of toxoplasmosis. Since man and his household pets such as cats and dogs commonly harbor Toxoplasma gondii according to the serological evidence obtained from the SabinFeldman tests it was believed that the organism perhaps could be isolated in possible dormant infection by inoculation of tissue into susceptible mice. The purpose of this paper is to report on the infections which were found with this procedure.

Topic: Toxoplasma gondii Research Studies
Subfield: Parasitology
Field: Immunology and Microbiology
Domain: Life Sciences
Protective Effect of Selenium-Enriched Ricegrass Juice against Cadmium-Induced Toxicity and DNA Damage in HEK293 Kidney Cells

Cadmium (Cd) contamination in food is a problem endangering human health. Cd detoxication is an interesting topic particularly using food which provides no side effects. Ricegrass juice is a squeezed juice from young rice leaves which is introduced as a functional drink rich in polyphenol components. Se-enrichment into ricegrass is initiated to provide extra advantages of their functional properties. The protective role of ricegrass juice (RG) and Se-enriched ricegrass juice (Se-RG) against Cd toxicity during pre-, co- and post-treatment on HEK293 kidney cells were investigated. Results confirmed that RG and Se-RG had very low toxicity for kidney cells. Both extracts showed a protective role during pre-treatment and co-treatment against Cd toxicity by exerting a reduction in malondialdehyde (MDA) content and the percentage of DNA damage in tail and tail length of the comets over the Cd-treated cells. However, the Se-RG indicated additional benefits in all properties over RG. High Se content in Se-RG resulted in more protective effects of the regular ricegrass juice. In summary, this study provides clear evidence that Se-enriched ricegrass juice has potential to be developed as a functional food to protect the human body from Cd contamination via the reduction of oxidative stress and DNA damage.

Topic: Heavy Metal Exposure and Toxicity
Subfield: Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences