jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Aspects of renal-pulmonary pathogenic replationships in chronic kidney disease and chronic pulmonary diseases--a less-known connection.

The kidneys, as an integral part of the body, are in close functional relationship with other organs. Dysfunction of the relationship with one organ will affect the kidney. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) leads in time to alteration of the relationship of the kidney with other organs, sometimes with severe consequences. Thus, cardiovascular involvement in CKD leads to increased severity of CKD, with an increase in mortality rate. At present, the relationship between the kidney and the lung has been less studied. Many aspects of this relationship are still unknown. The objective of the present paper is to analyze the main situations of the alteration of the kidney-lung relationship in clinical pathology, with special reference to chronic kidney disease. The pulmonary-renal syndrome is at the forefront. This pathology--well known in practice--refers mainly to the kidney-lung relationship in vasculitis, systemic lupus erythematosus and Goodpasture's syndrome. The relationship between the kidney and the lung is not limited to this syndrome. Many systemic diseases like sarcoidosis and amyloidosis alter the lung-kidney binomial. Likewise, the association in some patients of an important disorder primarily affecting the lung, such as silicosis, with concomitant renal involvement, highlights the relationship between the lungs and kidneys in clinical pathology. It is very important to know heart-kidney relationships via the lung in pulmonary arterial hypertension. In-depth knowledge of the patient with chronic kidney disease also requires thorough analysis of the lung-kidney relationship. This relationship is very evident in haemodialysed patients, taking into consideration that the pulmonary circulation is influenced by the dialysis membranes, in patients on peritoneal dialysis and especially in transplanted patients whose kidney-lung relationship has a favorable outcome. Although little dealt with, the relationship between the kidneys and the lungs requires more attention, as it can have important consequences, and appropriate therapy.

Topic: Sarcoidosis and Beryllium Toxicity Research
Subfield: Physiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Role of Axial Ligation in Gating the Reactivity of Dimethylplatinum(III) Diimine Radical Cations

Electrochemical methods are coupled with chemical oxidant-based analytical strategies to evaluate the oxidative reactivity of the platinum­(II) diimine complex (bpy)­PtII(CH3)2 (bpy = 2,2'-bipyridine) in coordinating and noncoordinating media. Through this mechanistic analysis, we show that the one-electron oxidation of (bpy)­PtII(CH3)2 generates a highly reactive, 15-electron PtIII radical cation and identify three reaction pathways that can follow this oxidation: radical-substrate dimerization, radical-radical dimerization, and oxidative disproportionation. Axial ligation of the initially generated [(bpy)­PtIII(CH3)2]•+ species is a critical driver of this reactivity, gating the available mechanistic pathways and tuning the competition between radical-radical dimerization and oxidative disproportionation.

Topic: Electron Spin Resonance Studies
Subfield: Biophysics
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Challenging Return to Play Decisions

Context: Sports medicine providers frequently return athletes to play after sports-related injuries and conditions. Many of these conditions have guidelines or medical evidence to guide the decision-making process. Occasionally, however, sports medicine providers are challenged with complex medical conditions for which there is little evidence-based guidance and physicians are instructed to individualize treatment; included in this group of conditions are exertional heat stroke (EHS), exertional rhabdomyolysis (ER), and exertional collapse associated with sickle cell trait (ECAST). Evidence Acquisition: The MEDLINE (2000-2015) database was searched using the following search terms: exertional heat stroke, exertional rhabdomyolysis, and exertional collapse associated with sickle cell trait. References from consensus statements, review articles, and book chapters were also utilized. Study Design: Clinical review. Level of Evidence: Level 4. Results: These entities are unique in that they may cause organ system damage capable of leading to short- or long-term detriments to physical activity and may not lend to complete recovery, potentially putting the athlete at risk with premature return to play. Conclusion: With a better understanding of the pathophysiology of EHS, ER, and ECAST and the factors associated with recovery, better decisions regarding return to play may be made.

Topic: Thermoregulation and physiological responses
Subfield: Physiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
The Morbidity and Mortality Conference (MMC) in Oncology: A patient safety and root cause analysis (RCA)-driven approach at the Cleveland Clinic Taussig Cancer Institute (TCI).

191 Background: MMC has been traditionally viewed as an educational tool. However, negative associations with MMC include emphasis on individual error and assigning blame, with little attention to improving patient safety and quality of care. MMC at the TCI has been designed to provide an opportunity to discuss MMC cases in an open, non-judgmental setting. Methods: Since September 2013, a monthly MMC, open to all caregivers, not just physicians, has been held as part of CME certified oncology grand rounds. Two cases are discussed per session and are obtained from nursing, pharmacy, and physician recommendation through the hospital Safety Event Reporting System or direct communication. Fellows investigate and present cases with patient and provider information de-identified to assure the discussion occurs in a blame-free setting. RCA is performed to determine action items. Process and safety improvements are recommended where applicable. Ongoing follow-up and improvement tracking is reported at future MMCs. The MMC governance committee, composed of the TCI quality officer, quality director, fellow representative, and a multi-disciplinary group of providers, meets quarterly to review cases and follow up action items under the guidance of the TCI MMC charter. The MMC governance committee reports to the TCI Quality Steering Committee. Results: Cases reviewed to date include chemotherapy dosing/administration errors (23%), hospital acquired medical complications (31%), communication breakdown between caregivers (15%), and end of life care (31%). An average of 3.5 action items has resulted from each case with 75% addressed within 90 days. Physician attendance is 59% higher and 23% more physicians report that they are very likely to change their practice behaviors from MMC than other grand rounds presentations. Conclusions: A patient safety driven MMC, delivered in an open setting, can be an effective tool to improve quality of care and caregiver communication in a large academic cancer center. High provider attendance and survey feedback reflects engagement in the process and will be essential to sustaining a meaningful and productive MMC.

Topic: Pharmaceutical Practices and Patient Outcomes
Subfield: Geriatrics and Gerontology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
[Variants of psychosomatic personality development in diseases of the gastrointestinal tract].

612 patients with different psychosomatic disorders of gastrointestinal tract (GIT) were examined. They included either 200 patients with organic stomach disease or with duodenal ulcer as well as 412 individuals with various functional disorders of GIT such as psychogenic vomiting, dysphagia, gastralgia and colon irritability syndrome. In 70% of all cases patientc relatives (1-3 degree of relationship) had also some psychosomatic diseases. All the patients suffered in childhood from so-called GIT-variant of children's neuropathia. Being adults they all met intensive or moderate stress and developed psychogenic depression. Two ways of psychosomatic disorders cristallization on the background of depression were observed, exactly reactivation of children's neuropathia symptomes or rapid affect somatization which were followed by psychosomatic cycles formation and by stress tolerance decrease. Several types of psychosomatic development were described: hypochondrial (78.8%), asthenic (12.4%), obsessive (2.3%), hysterical (4.4%) and paranoial (2.1%).

Topic: Digestive system and related health
Subfield: Genetics
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Historians in the archive

Historians in the 19 th -century were not the first to discover the importance of source materials kept in archival depositories. More than their predecessors, however, scholars working in the historical discipline that the 19 th century saw emerge tended to equate professional historical knowledge with knowledge based on primary source research, that is, practically speaking, on knowledge gained from source material that was usually kept in archives. While previous scholarship had paid ample attention to the methods that 19 th -century historians employed for the study of such archival material, to the epistemologies they developed in tandem with these methods and to the institutions they created for the study of archival records, this special issue explores the influence that archives, in a classic, institutional sense, exerted on the practices of 19 th -century historiography. How did the archival turn affect historians’ working manners? How contested was this archival research imperative, with its underlying autopsy principle? And how did it spread geographically, in and outside Europe?

Topic: Digital and Traditional Archives Management
Subfield: Conservation
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
A longitudinal study of field emission in CEBAF's SRF cavities 1995-2015

Field emission is one of the key issues in superconducting RF. When present, it limits operating gradient directly or via induced heat load at 2K. In order to minimize particulate contamination of and thus field emission in the CEBAF SRF cavities during assembly, a ceramic RF window was placed very close to the accelerating cavity proper. As an unintended consequence of this, it has been possible to monitor and model field emission in the CEBAF cavities since in-tunnel operation began. The ceramic is charged by field emission to a stable voltage and then discharges. This phenomenon had to be studied statistically to minimize the number of interruptions to accelerator operation for nuclear physics. We report here the results of our twenty year study of this and related phenomena.

Topic: Particle accelerators and beam dynamics
Subfield: Aerospace Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Comparison of Forage Productivity and Outbreak Rate Between Corn Varieties in Rice Black-Streaked Dwarf Virus (RBSDV) Prevalent Area

본 시험은 사료용 옥수수의 검은줄오갈병에 대한 저항성 품종을 선발하기 위하여 2006년부터 2008년까지 전라북도 고창에서 수행하였다. 국내외 사료용 옥수수 10품종을 1모작과 2모작으로 재배하여 품종에 따른 검은줄오갈병의 이병률과 수량성을 조사하였다. 그 결과 사료용 옥수수 품종에 따른 검은줄오갈병의 발병률이 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다 (p<0.05). 검은줄오갈병에 대한 저항성의 정도를 4개의 그룹으로 분류하면, 매우 강한 그룹은 '광안옥'과 '광평옥', 강한 그룹은 'P3156'과 'P3394', 중간 그룹은 '청안옥'과 'P32P75', 약한 그룹은 'NC7117', '수원 19호' 'DK697' 및 'GW6959' 품종이었다. 검은줄오갈병 발생에 따른 사료용 옥수수의 건물수량은 품종 간에 차이가 있었으며 (p<0.05), 검은줄오갈병 저항성 품종인 '광안옥', '광평옥', 'P3156' 및 'P3394' 품종은 이병성 품종보다 건물수량이 14~26% 많았다. 따라서 검은줄오갈병 발생이 심한 지역에서 옥수수 재배를 할 때는 반드시 저항성 품종을 선택하는 것이 중요하다. This experiment was carried out to select a resistant corn variety for rice black-streaked dwarf virus (RBSDV) disease in a RBSDV prevalent area (Gochang of Jeollabukdo) from 2006 to 2008. Ten corn varieties for silage preparation were cultivated with first cropping and second cropping system in an RBSDV field, and were tested outbreak rates of RBSDV and dry matter (DM) yield of forage. The outbreak rates of RBSDV were significantly different between corn varieties. Therefore, the resistance degree of corn varieties for RBSDV were divided into 4 groups; very resistant ('Kwangpeyongok' and 'Kwanganok'), resistant ('P3156' and 'P3394'), mildly resistant ('Cheonganok' and 'P32P75') and susceptible ('Suwon19', 'DK697' and 'GW6959') groups respectively. DM yield of forage in RBSDV fields exhibited comparatively significant differences between varieties (p<0.05). DM yield of resistant varieties ('Kwangpeyongok', 'Kwanganok', 'P3156' and 'P3394'), were higher (14~26%) than those of susceptible varieties ('Suwon 19', 'DK697' and 'GW6959'). Therefore, resistant varieties were recommended for increasing forage productivity in field of RBSDV prevalent areas.

Topic: Plant Virus Research Studies
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Assessing the Relationship Between Student and Faculty Perceptions of Student Engagement at Central Mountain College

This study compared the perceptions of students versus faculty at Central Mountain College with regard to the issue of student engagement. Central Mountain College participated in the Community College Survey of Student Engagement and the Community College Faculty Survey of Student Engagement during the spring semesters of 2009, 2011, and 2013. The institution was provided with aggregate results from these survey administrations by the Center for Community College Student Engagement. Prior to this study, the survey results had not been accumulatively evaluated by the institution.\nThe study aimed to determine areas where there was congruence and incongruence between the students and the faculty so as to be able to target problem areas for improvement and to reinforce successful practices. A descriptive analysis of the survey results was conducted utilizing a framework known as the Crosswalk Tool which was produced by the Center for Community College Student Engagement. A report of institutional activities that coincided with the timing of the survey administration, and which could have had impacts on student and faculty perceptions was also prepared.\nThe study found little variation within student and faculty perceptions of student engagement during the three survey administrations. Despite significant physical changes to campus, and organizational changes to the institution, there appeared to be minimal impact to the two groups’ perceptions of what was taking place in the classroom. Areas of disagreement centered on student effort and involvement in their learning. These differences in perspectives highlight the need for more open communication between faculty and students, and expectations that are made clearer and more attainable to students. The study also suggested that more collaboration and congruence between the expectations of the K-12 system and higher education institutions would ease the transition to college and perhaps improve student engagement. Faculty may need to complete additional training in the area of classroom management and student success initiatives to enhance the level of engagement in their classrooms.\nAdvisor: Jody Isernhagen

Topic: Higher Education Research Studies
Subfield: Education
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Medical theories in Hippocrates: Early texts and the 'Epidemics'

In der 1968 gegrundeten Reihe erscheinen Monographien aus den Gebieten der Griechischen und Lateinischen Philologie sowie der Alten Geschichte. Die Bande weisen eine grosse Vielzahl von Themen auf: neben sprachlichen, textkritischen oder gattungsgeschichtlichen philologischen Untersuchungen stehen sozial-, politik-, finanz- und kulturgeschichtliche Arbeiten aus der Klassischen Antike und der Spatantike. Entscheidend fur die Aufnahme ist die Qualitat einer Arbeit; besonderen Wert legen die Herausgeber auf eine umfassende Heranziehung der einschlagigen Texte und Quellen und deren sorgfaltige kritische Auswertung.

Topic: History of Medicine Studies
Subfield: History
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Text management of large organizations based on services

In view of the knowledge management of organizations, this paper focuses on the text knowledge management. The characteristics and problems of knowledge management of organizations are analyzed. The thought that text knowledge can be seen as services is put forward. The key technologies for building and managing text services are analyzed. Cloud architecture for text service management is put forward. A prototype system about microorganism is built for verification.

Topic: Big Data and Business Intelligence
Subfield: Management Information Systems
Field: Business, Management and Accounting
Domain: Social Sciences
Regional Cerebral Blood Flow in Patients With Hypertensive Intracerebral Hemorrhage

Regional cerebral blood flow was measured by 133 Xe clearance method in 44 patients with hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage (HIH) within three weeks from attack. Mean CBF in cases with the more disturbed consciousness was the lower value. There was no definite relationship between mean CBF and the duration from last stroke to measurement. In 44 cases, 35 showed hematoma of so-called "lateral type" and nine showed a "mesial type." There was no difference of mean CBF between these two groups. In the group with lateral-type hematoma, 14 cases were thought to show large space-occupying signs, and their mean CBF was significantly lower than that of the other 21 cases. In 16 cases, relative hyperemic regions were observed in both the focal and nonfocal areas. In seven cases, relative ischemic regions were frequently in nonfocus rather than focus. Response of hyperemic region to carbon dioxide was good in seven and poor in three regions in focal area, and was good in eight and poor in one region in nonfocal area. Reactivity of ischemic region to 5% CO 2 inhalation was good in three and poor in zero regions in focus, and was good in three and poor in two regions in nonfocus. Early venous filling (EVF) was observed in 13 cases and all of them were with lateral-type hematomas. Only four out of 13 cases showed good correlation between angiographical findings and cerebral circulation.

Topic: Traumatic Brain Injury and Neurovascular Disturbances
Subfield: Neurology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Echocardiography of the Aortic Root

The echo pattern of the aortic root is elicited by locating the typical echo of the mitral valve and then angulating the transducer medially and sometimes cephalically. The characteristic echo pattern of the aortic root consists of paired undulating signals three to five cm apart. These signals move anteriorly during systole and posteriorly during diastole. Their position is central in relation to echoes arising from the mitral and tricuspid valves, corresponding to the anatomic position of the aortic root. The movement pattern is identical to the mitral annulus, which also represents a portion of the fibrous skeleton of the heart. Lesser echoes originating between the undulating margins of the aortic root were identified as arising from the valve cusps by correlating their motion with the production of the cardiac sounds. Further support was gained by recording abnormally intense and distorted signals in patients with calcific aortic stenosis. Anatomic validation of the aortic origin of these echoes was obtained by means of ultrasonic contrast injections made during radiologic studies of the aortic root. Saline was injected in the supravalvular position during continuous echocardiographic recording and was detected as a cloud of echoes limited by the parallel signals of the aortic root. Systolic movement of the aortic cusps was accompanied by the delivery of non-contrast blood from the left ventricle which produced defects in the contrast image paralleling the excursion of the linear signals from the cusps.

Topic: Cardiac Valve Diseases and Treatments
Subfield: Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Experimental Study on Hot Hand Effect and Gambler's Fallacy of Chinese Investors

With psychological experiments, we found that whenever stock price goes up or goes down continuously, gambler's fallacy will dominate hot-hand effect in investor's information process to serial changing stock price. When stock price goes up continuously, the longer the price up, the larger is the probability that investor think the price will drop down in next period, and the tendency to sell it get more evident. On the other hand, when stock price drops down continuously, the longer the price down, the larger is the probability that investor think the price will go up in next period, and the tendency to buy it became larger. These results suggest that at least psychological factor exist in the individual investor that hope the market will reverse to bullish in today's bearish Chinese stock market. Disposition effect is also found in the experiments, which is more evident in female investor than in male investor and more evident in the investor with low level investment knowledge and less experience than those with higher level. Experiments also indicate that Chinese investors like short-term investing which is much shorter than one year.

Topic: Financial Markets and Investment Strategies
Subfield: Finance
Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance
Domain: Social Sciences