jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Ewing sarcoma: A pictorial review of typical and atypical locations with reference to the updated 2020 <scp>WHO</scp> classification system

Summary Ewing sarcoma (ES) is a small round cell sarcoma which usually occurs in the paediatric and young adult age groups. This pictorial review briefly discusses and presents the typical skeletal and extraskeletal locations which ES is encountered, including the metadiaphysis of long bones, pelvis, chest wall and paravertebral regions. Five cases of ES in atypical locations are then presented along with an observation of demographic differences between skeletal and extraskeletal ES. These cases include ES arising from the metatarsal, scapula, breast, intracranial soft tissue and the paranasal sinuses. Presenting symptoms, treatment approach and prognosis are highly variable depending on the location; and multimodal imaging is centrepiece in the management process. Management usually includes any combination of chemotherapy, radiotherapy and surgery. The WHO classification system was updated in 2020 to include some of the rare genetic subtypes of ES. One such case of the BCOR subtype is demonstrated in this review and occurs in an atypical location. Whether these subtypes have distinct radiological features or a propensity to occur in atypical locations is an area for further research.

Topic: Sarcoma Diagnosis and Treatment
Subfield: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Recovery of hearing after surgical removal of Intralabyrinthine schwannoma

Intralabyrinthine schwannomas (ILSs) are rare benign tumors arising from the distal part of the cochleovestibular nerve confined within the labyrinth. Patients with ILSs complain of hearing loss, vertigo, tinnitus, and ear fullness. Surgical treatment of ILS is performed in special cases such as in cases of patients with nonserviceable hearing, progressive hearing loss, intractable vertigo, or tumor extension. We present an unusual case of a patient with intralabyrinthine schwannoma who underwent surgery to treat progressive hearing loss and recovered his hearing after surgery. Laryngoscope , 125:1968–1971, 2015

Topic: Meningioma and schwannoma management
Subfield: Epidemiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Water-use characteristics of <i>Syzygium antisepticum</i> and <i>Adinandra integerrima</i> in a secondary forest of Khao Yai National Park in Thailand with implications for environmental management

Background Southeast Asia has experienced widespread deforestation and change in land use. Consequently, many reforestation projects have been initiated in this region. However, it is imperative to carefully choose the tree species for planting, especially in light of the increasing climate variability and the potential alteration of plantation on the watershed water balance. Thus, the information regarding water-use characteristics of various tree species and sizes is critical in the tree species selection for reforestation. Methods We estimated tree water use ( T ) of dominant species including Syzygium antisepticum and Adinandra integerrima, hereafter Sa and Ai , respectively, in a secondary tropical forest in Khao Yai National Park, Thailand, using sap flow data, and compared T between species and size classes. Additionally, we evaluated the responses of T of both species in each size class to environmental factors including soil moisture and vapor pressure deficit (VPD). Results Results showed consistently higher T in Sa compared to Ai across ranges of VPD and soil moisture. Under low soil moisture, T of Sa responded to VPD, following a saturating exponential pattern while Ai maintained T across different VPD levels, irrespective of tree size. No responses of T to VPD were observed in either species when soil water was moderate. When soil moisture was high, T of both species significantly increased and saturated at high VPD, albeit the responses were less sensitive in large trees. Our results imply that Ai may be suitable for reforestation in water-limited areas where droughts frequently occur to minimize reforestation impact on water availability to downstream ecosystems. In contrast, Sa should be planted in regions with abundant and reliable water resources. However, a mixed species plantation should be generally considered to increase forest resilience to increasing climate variation.

Topic: Plant Water Relations and Carbon Dynamics
Subfield: Global and Planetary Change
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Visual Near-Duplicates Detection in the Context of Social Media (Dataset)

The dataset of the paper: ``Dataset and Case Studies for Visual Near-Duplicates Detection in the Context of Social Media'', by Hana Matatov, Mor Naaman, and Ofra Amir.<br>See the Github repository for details:https://github.com/sTechLab/Visual-Near-Duplicates-Detection-in-the-Context-of-Social-Media<br><br>See the associated paper on arXiv:https://arxiv.org/abs/2203.07167<br>

Topic: Misinformation and Its Impacts
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Screening for Information Environments: A Role for Health Systems to Address the Misinformation Crisis

Misinformation about health topics is a public health issue. We are bombarded with information from many sources, across many digital means of communication, affecting the ways in which we are born, grow, work, live, and age. This makes information environments a social determinant of health (SDoH), but one not currently adequately addressed by clinical or public health practitioners. Since health systems are already screening for social determinants of health, existing mechanisms can additionally screen for unhealthy information environments. Then, for those patients who screen positive, we can apply best practices learned from initiatives addressing vaccine hesitancy: providing a non-judgmental environment in which to discuss health beliefs, using motivational interviewing techniques to gage patient perspectives and readiness for change, and taking a harm-reduction approach in recognizing that behavior change evolves over time. Displacing misinformation is a process, not an event. As such, we need to address the underlying psychological and sociological reasons that people maintain unscientific beliefs as we would hope to do with any other SDoH. Furthermore, as information environments are the product of both individual choices and structural factors, clinicians should approach patients immersed in unhealthy information environments without blame or ostracism, much as we would approach any patient adversely impacted by social determinants of health.

Topic: Misinformation and Its Impacts
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Genetics healthcare providers' experiences counseling patients with results from consumer genomic testing

Abstract Background Consumer genomic testing (CGT), including direct‐to‐consumer and consumer‐initiated testing, is increasingly widespread yet has limited regulatory oversight. To assess the current state, we surveyed genetics healthcare providers' experiences with CGT. Methods A retrospective survey about experiences counseling on CGT results was completed by 139 respondents recruited from the National Society of Genetic Counselors, Clinical Cancer Genomics Community of Practice, and genetics professional societies. Results Among respondents, 41% disagreed with the statement that potential benefits of CGT outweigh harms, 21% agreed, and 38% were undecided. A total of 94% encountered ≥1 challenge counseling CGT patients, including adverse psychosocial events (76%), incorrect variant interpretation (68%), and unconfirmed results (69%); unconfirmed results were more common among oncology providers ( p = 0.03). Providers reporting higher total challenge scores ( p = 0.004) or more psychosocial or interpretation challenges ( p ≤ 0.01) were more likely to indicate CGT harms outweigh benefits. Those with higher CGT clinical volume were more likely to indicate benefits outweigh harms ( p = 0.003). Additional CGT challenges included patient understanding and communication of results, false negatives, incorrect testing/care, and financial costs; seven respondents (6%) documented positive outcomes. Conclusion Providers counseling CGT patients encounter psychosocial and medical challenges. Collaborations between regulators, CGT laboratories, providers, and consumers may help mitigate risks.

Topic: BRCA gene mutations in cancer
Subfield: Genetics
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
America's Professional Military Ethic and the Treatment of Captured Enemy Combatants in the Global War on Terror

This article deals with one aspect of the U.S. War on Terror: the treatment of enemy combatants captured during the conflict and the implications of such treatment for the professional ethic of the United States military. It briefly addresses the technical legal arguments underlying Bush Administration detainee policies, then focuses on the adverse impact the policies have had on the professional ethic of the armed forces. The article contends that Bush Administration policies have undermined the values upon which America’s professional military ethic is based, but it in no way suggests that this has created some sort of “moral equivalency” between the United States military and those whom it fights.

Topic: Hermeneutics and Narrative Identity
Subfield: Philosophy
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Involvement of Mutation in <i>ampD</i> I, <i>mrcA</i> , and at Least One Additional Gene in β-Lactamase Hyperproduction in Stenotrophomonas maltophilia

ABSTRACT It has been reported that targeted disruption of ampD I or mrcA causes β-lactamase hyperproduction in Stenotrophomonas maltophilia . We show here that β-lactamase-hyperproducing laboratory selected mutants and clinical isolates can have wild-type ampD I and mrcA genes, implicating mutation of at least one additional gene in this phenotype. The involvement of mutations at multiple loci in the activation of β-lactamase production in S. maltophilia reveals that there are significant deviations from the enterobacterial paradigm of AmpR-mediated control of β-lactamase induction. We do show, however, that S. maltophilia ampD I can complement a mutation in Escherichia coli ampD . This suggests that an anhydromuropeptide degradation product of peptidoglycan is used to activate AmpR in S. maltophilia , as is also the case in enteric bacteria.

Topic: Infections and bacterial resistance
Subfield: Endocrinology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Formulation and Solution of a Generalized Chebyshev Problem: Second Part

This study is a continuation of the article “Formulation and solution of a generalized Chebyshev problem: First Part,” in which a generalized Chebyshev problem was formulated and two theories of motion for nonholonomic systems with higher order constraints were presented for its solution. These theories were used to study the motion of the Earth’s satellite when fixing the magnitude of its acceleration (this was equivalent to imposing a third-order linear nonholonomic constraint). In this article, the second theory, based on the application of the generalized Gauss principle, is used to solve one of the most important problems of control theory: finding the optimal control force that translates a mechanical system with a finite number of degrees of freedom from one phase state to another in the specified time period. The application of the theory is demonstrated by solving the model problem of controlling the horizontal motion of a cart bearing the axes of s mathematical pendulums. Initially, the problem is solved by applying the Pontryagin maximum principle, which minimizes the functional of the square of the desired horizontal control force, which transfers the mechanical system from a motionless state to a new motionless state in the specified time period with the cart’s horizontal displacement S (the vibration damping problem is considered). This approach is called the first method for solving the control problem. It is shown that a (2s + 4)-order linear nonholonomic constraint is continuously fulfilled. This suggests applying the second theory of motion for nonholonomic systems with higher order constraints to the same problem (see the previous article), the theory developed at the Department of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics of the Faculty of Mathematics and Mechanics of St. Petersburg State University. This approach is called the second method for solving the problem. Calculations are performed for the case s = 2 and show that the results of both methods are practically identical for a short motion of the system but they differ substantially for a long motion. This is due to fact that the control determined using the first method contains harmonics with the system’s natural frequencies, which tends to bring the system into resonance. For a short motion this is not noticeable, and for a long motion there are large fluctuations in the system. In contrast, when the second method is used, the control is polynomial in time, which provides a relatively smooth motion of the system. In addition, in order to eliminate the jumps in the control force at the beginning and end of the motion, it is proposed to solve the generalized boundary value problem. Some special cases occurring when using the second method for solving the boundary value problem are discussed.

Topic: Aerospace Engineering and Control Systems
Subfield: Aerospace Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Linkage Model between Sustainable Consumption and Household Waste Management System

 Abstract—This research focused on the household consumption related with the waste management system. The approach is qualitative and using the quantitative data too. Based on the questionnaires on one hundred households at Kecamatan Duren Sawit we found (Spearman's Rho Correlation) that income has significant correlation with consumption (non-food). People are more likely buying food and non-food products based on their usage value. They have more choices in the market and they try to reduce and recycle their waste. Based on the observation, the temporary landfills locations are not properly standardized (less than one kilometer), which are close with the housing areas. This caused more diseases and more people to get sick. Even though, we have law UU No. 18/2008 for Waste Management, people do not separate their household waste before it is being carried by the sanitation officer. We must start with the sustainable consumption from the households level to reduce the waste.

Topic: Municipal Solid Waste Management
Subfield: Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
LHD Halpha #182356.1

Toroidal visible array to measure toroidal distribution of H-alpha and He-I, ratio of helium to hydrogen: H/(H+He) or D/(D+He), and particle recycling and edge tau_p. H-alpha and He-I line emissions are detected by photomultipliers passing through an interference filter. H/D influx ratio can be also minitored by resolving H-alpha and D-alpha line profiles.

Topic: Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research
Subfield: Clinical Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Analysis of supplier selection methods through analytical approach

In the present dynamically changing markets, for an efficient and effective supply chain to take place, it is necessary to focus on the stage of supplier selection. Supplier selection helps in reducing the costs, improve the quality and deliver the products on time, thereby enabling the organisations to survive the rising competition in the current scenario of global competing environment. Many scholars have done their research on supplier selection and evaluation, the processes which determine the success and efficiency of any supply chain proposing various models and using different criteria which influence the supplier selection. Based on this, around 225 articles by various researchers from various journals have been reviewed. Based on the research in the previous literature, all the papers have been classified into three categories – conceptual approach, empirical study and analytical models. In this paper, we present a review of the past literature on supplier selection from 89 articles which include only the category of analytical approach.

Topic: Multi-Criteria Decision Making
Subfield: Management Science and Operations Research
Field: Decision Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Analysis of Quality and Land Characteristics That Control Local Maize Production in Gorontalo

Increase national maize production has not been followed by an increase in maize productivity per unit area because maize was grown on land that was not suitable with these land quality.This study aims to determine the land quality that control of local maize production.This research was conducted at the Gorontalo Regency.A total of 33 mapping units had been established containing data of soil properties, climate and terrain divided into land quality, as well as data of local maize production.A partial least square of structural equation models (PLS-SEM) analysis was used to determine the land quality and characteristics that control of local maize production through testing the validity and reliability of variables, as well as testing structural models.The results showed that the all manifest variables were valid and able to explain well the latent variables, except for texture, cation exchange capacity, and base saturation.Furthermore, the latent variables temperature, water availability, oxygen availability, nutrient retention, nutrients availability, sodicity, erosion hazard, flood hazard, and land preparation used has good composite reliability and high reliability because of the composite reliability and alpha cronbach >0.6, except for rooting media.Land quality that control of the local maize production were the oxygen availability (X1), rooting media (X2), nutrient retention (X3), nutrients availability (X4), erosion hazard (X5), and land preparation (X6) with the best equation: Y = 1.805 + 0.276X1 + 0.303X2 + 0.353X3 + 0.346X4 -0.337X5 -0.303X6.The land characteristics that control of the local maize production were drainage (X1), coarse material (X2), effective depth (X3), pH KCl (X4), C-organic (X5), total N (X6), available K (X7), slope (X8), soil erosion (X9), surface rock (X10) and rock outcrop (X11) with the best equation: Y = 2.447 + 0.187X1 -0.212X2 + 0.153X3 + 0.349X4 + 0.166X5 + 0.169X6 + 0.313X7 -0.352X8 -0.230X9 -0.237X10 -0.187X11.

Topic: Agricultural Research and Practices
Subfield: General Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Suppression of Delayed Hypersensitivity in Schistosome-Infected Patients by Niridazole

Niridazole, an anti-parasitic drug, suppresses manifestations of delayed hypersensitivity and retards allograft rejection in laboratory animals. We investigated the immunosuppressive effects of the standard antihelminthic regimen of niridazole (25 mg/kg/day for seven days) in five patients with schistosomiasis. Although 15-minute skin reactions to schistosomal antigens remained unchanged, niridazole reduced or ablated positive 48-hour skin reactions to tuberculin (PPD), mumps and schistosome antigens in all patients tested six and 15 days after therapy began. Complete recovery of delayed dermal hypersensitivity was observed by 114 days. PPD-induced lymphocyte transformation was severely depressed in three and partially depressed in two of the five patients. Suppression was observed at either six or 15 days (or both) after beginning of treatment, and complete recovery at 114 days. It is concluded that therapeutic doses of niridazole suppress delayed hypersensitivity and antigen-induced lymphocyte transformation in man.

Topic: Parasites and Host Interactions
Subfield: Parasitology
Field: Immunology and Microbiology
Domain: Life Sciences
Analisis of Risk Managemen Implementation on Mudharabah and Musyarakah Financing Product at BMT Sidogiri Dampit Branch

The purpose and focus of this research is to analyze the pattern of risk management application used by BMT Sidogiri in order to minimize the level of losses that may occur and to find out the risk management pattern used is in accordance with sharia principles so that this becomes the urgency of this research with the hope that in operational practice it can mutual benefit between the BMT and the customer.&#x0D; This research data analysis method uses descriptive techniques/methods with a qualitative approach, namely the researcher describes the phenomenon that is the center of the study and discussion which will eventually produce descriptive data in the form of narratives from respondents combined with theory

Topic: Islamic Finance and Communication
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Conceptualizing high-impact practices within the frame of agricultural leadership education: A content analysis

The use of high-impact practices in undergraduate leadership courses is a common and effective way of developing students studying agriculture. However, each of the ten high-impact practices (HIPs) recognized by the Association of American Colleges and Universities (Kuh, 2008) are not equally studied or utilized by leadership educators. This study will provide a content analysis of the use of HIPs as a leadership pedagogy in undergraduate education. In the studies analyzed, which were grouped by categories of HIPs, only five of the ten main HIPs were represented. These were undergraduate research, diversity and global learning, internships, service learning, and capstone courses and projects. The analysis revealed each HIP resulted in one or more of Kuh’s (2008) proposed learning outcomes. Based on these findings, the researchers suggest HIPs be used more frequently in agricultural leadership curriculum and call on scholars to study the ten HIPs more closely.

Topic: Diverse Educational Innovations Studies
Subfield: General Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Calcium-sensitive delayed rectifier potassium current in guinea pig ventricular cells

The calcium sensitivity of the delayed rectifier K+ current (IK) was investigated in guinea pig single ventricular cells using the whole cell configuration of the patch-clamp technique with a cell dialysis method. The concentration-response curve of IK for intracellular Ca2+ indicated that IK started to increase at intracellular Ca2+ concentration [Ca2+]i of 10(-8) M (pCa 8) and it increased threefold at pCa 7. At lower [Ca2+]i than pCa 9, IK remained unchanged. A shift of the activation curve of IK by the elevation of [Ca2+]i was not observed. Although [Ca2+]i had little effect on time constants of the activation and deactivation of IK, it predominantly increased the amplitudes of the fast components in the activation process and the slow component in the deactivation process. In the ensemble noise analysis, the elevation of [Ca2+]i increased the number and open probability of functional IK channels but not the unit amplitude of IK channel. These results suggest that the elevation of [Ca2+]i enhances IK, probably by increasing the number and open probability of functional IK channels. Ca2(+)-sensitive IK in cardiac cells is a class of current different from Ca2(+)-activated K+ current in other tissue because the activation curve of Ca2(+)-sensitive IK was not shifted by the [Ca2+]i elevation, and the single channel conductance of IK was smaller than the one of Ca2(+)-activated K+ current.

Topic: Cardiac electrophysiology and arrhythmias
Subfield: Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences