jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Universities as sites of nation-building: Rethinking the role of higher education in post-colonial state formation in India

This paper examines the role of universities in post-colonial nation-building, using India as a case. Moving beyond the conventional view of universities in postcolonial contexts as mere extensions of the developmental state, the paper argues for a decentralized understanding of their role in the process of nation-building. Drawing on the spatial turn in sociology, particularly Jeff Malpas’s conceptualization of place as a bounded yet dynamic opening shaped by intersecting forces, the paper conceptualizes universities as active, contested sites where meanings of nationhood, modernity, and identity are continuously constructed and negotiated. Through an analysis of the Indian Institute of Management Ahmedabad (IIMA), established in 1962, the paper explores how this institution became a pivotal site for constructing a particular postcolonial vision of Indian modernity during the 1960s. Delving into the complex negotiations and the influence of diverse actors and stakeholders, the study traces how a specific sociotechnical imaginary of management science—blending American models with Indian modernization aspirations—was embedded in IIMA’s curriculum, selection processes, and campus design. By foregrounding universities as co-producers of national imaginaries rather than passive instruments of state policy, this paper underscores the importance of recognizing the agency of universities in nation-building processes.

Topic: Higher Education Governance and Development
Subfield: Political Science and International Relations
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Design of a network for monitoring ground-water quality in Minnesota

A network for monitoring the quality of water in the 13 principal aquifers in Minnesota has been designed and more than 400 wells and springs selected for sampling. The network organization includes four major elements; (1) point sampling, (2) point monitoring, (3) regional monitoring, and (4) site-specific monitoring. These elements constitute monitoring strategies designed to define baseline conditions and monitor major time-and-space trends of more than 60 water-quality parameters.

Topic: Water Quality and Resources Studies
Subfield: Water Science and Technology
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Structural Basis for Phospholyase Activity of a Class III Transaminase Homologue

Abstract Pyridoxal‐phosphate (PLP)‐dependent enzymes catalyse a remarkable diversity of chemical reactions in nature. A1RDF1 from Arthrobacter aurescens TC1 is a fold type I, PLP‐dependent enzyme in the class III transaminase (TA) subgroup. Despite sharing 28 % sequence identity with its closest structural homologues, including β‐alanine:pyruvate and γ‐aminobutyrate:α‐ketoglutarate TAs, A1RDF1 displayed no TA activity. Activity screening revealed that the enzyme possesses phospholyase (E.C. 4.2.3.2) activity towards O‐ phosphoethanolamine (PEtN), an activity described previously for vertebrate enzymes such as human AGXT2L1, enzymes for which no structure has yet been reported. In order to shed light on the distinctive features of PLP‐dependent phospholyases, structures of A1RDF1 in complex with PLP (internal aldimine) and PLP ⋅ PEtN (external aldimine) were determined, revealing the basis of substrate binding and the structural factors that distinguish the enzyme from class III homologues that display TA activity.

Topic: Enzyme Structure and Function
Subfield: Materials Chemistry
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
The TDT and other family-based tests for linkage disequilibrium and association.

The transmission/disequilibrium test (TDT) was introduced several years ago by Spielman et al. as a test for linkage between a complex disease and a genetic marker. The original intended use of the TDT was to test for linkage with a marker located near a candidate gene, in cases where disease association already had been found. However, even if prior evidence for association is absent, the TDT is valid and can be used to test any marker (or a set of markers) for which data are available from parents and one or more affected offspring. Other tests that focus on association itself - but that, like the TDT, are applied to data from nuclear families - also have been proposed. In addition, several papers have appeared recently that discuss extensions and properties of these tests and of the TDT. Since the aim of both the TDT and the association tests is to locate genes that contribute to disease susceptibility, a number of questions about their differences have arisen. In this review, we compare the properties of the TDT with those of family-based tests of association, and we comment on issues regarding the use of these tests. 22 refs., 2 tabs.

Topic: Genetic Associations and Epidemiology
Subfield: Genetics
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
A Novel Inhibitor of Translation Initiation Factor eIF5B in <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i>

The eukaryotic translation initiation factor eIF5B is a bacterial IF2 ortholog that plays an important role in ribosome joining and stabilization of the initiator tRNA on the AUG start codon during the initiation of translation. We identified the fluorophenyl oxazole derivative 2,2-dibromo-1-(2-(4-fluorophenyl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)ethanone quinolinol as an inhibitor of fungal protein synthesis using an in vitro translation assay in a fungal system. Mutants resistant to this compound were isolated in <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> and were demonstrated to contain amino acid substitutions in eIF5B that conferred the resistance. These results suggest that eIF5B is a target of potential antifungal compound and that mutation of eIF5B can confer resistance. Subsequent identification of 16 other mutants revealed that primary mutations clustered mainly on domain 2 of eIF5B and secondarily mainly on domain 4. Domain 2 has been implicated in the interaction with the small ribosomal subunit during initiation of translation. The tested translation inhibitor could act by weakening the functional contact between eIF5B and the ribosome complex. This data provides the basis for the development of a new family of antifungals.

Topic: Polyamine Metabolism and Applications
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Computer-Based Molecular Design of Artificial Flavoring Agents

Computational chemistry methodology is finding increasing application to the design of new flavoring agents. This chapter surveys several useful techniques: linear free energy relationships, quantitative structure-activity relationships, conformational analysis, electronic structure calculations, and statistical methods. Applications to the study of artificial sweeteners are described.

Topic: Analytical Chemistry and Chromatography
Subfield: Spectroscopy
Field: Chemistry
Domain: Physical Sciences
Sustainable Urban Development in Jakarta: Pentahenix and Public Perception Analysis

This study examines the complexities of urban planning and development in DKI Jakarta, a megapolitan facing infrastructural pressures and environmental challenges due to rapid urbanization. Employing a mixed-methods approach, this study analyzes development effectiveness by integrating the perspectives of Pentahelix model stakeholders through qualitative interviews with the quantitative perceptions of 400 public respondents. The quantitative results indicate that public satisfaction is significantly driven by pragmatic and directly experienced variables: Technology Innovation (β=0.348), which offers daily efficiency, and Public Participation (β=0.275), which fosters a sense of ownership. Conversely, fundamental variables such as Environmental Sustainability and Spatial Policy Effectiveness were not statistically strong predictors of general satisfaction, indicating a disconnect between expert priorities and public perception. The qualitative findings clarify this disconnect, highlighting a sharp gap between high-level policy design and on-the-ground implementation realities, as well as conflicting priorities among stakeholders. This research concludes the existence of a 'development paradox,' where short-term, pragmatic benefits more decisively shape public perception than long-term sustainability goals. To build a resilient city, the government must balance macro-strategic plans with tangible, inclusive wins that are directly felt by its citizens, transforming long-term objectives into currently relevant achievements

Topic: Economic Growth and Fiscal Policies
Subfield: Economics and Econometrics
Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance
Domain: Social Sciences
Studies on structural foam processing. III. Bubble dynamics in foam extrusion through a converging die

Abstract An experimental and theoretical study was carried out to achieve a better understanding of bubble dynamics in foam extrusion through a converging die. For the experimental study, a number of converging channels were constructed of aluminum, with glass windows on both sides. Bubble dynamics in the flow channel were recorded on movie film as a gas‐charged molten polymer was extruded. The dies had various converging angles (30, 45, 60, 90, and 150 degrees), and the polymer was polystyrene. As blowing agent, sodium bicarbonate (generating CO 2 ) was used. It was found that the gas bubbles moving along the centerline of the channel grow initially at the upstream end of the die, and then start to collapse as the gas‐charged molten polymer approaches the exit plane of the die. In order to help interpret the experimental results, a theoretical analysis was made of bubble dynamics in a converging channel, in which a thread‐like bubble was assumed to flow along the centerline of the converging channel and the Coleman‐Noll second‐order fluid model was assumed to describe the rheological behavior of the polymer melt. Some mathematically convenient simplifying assumptions not‐withstanding, the theoretical analysis corroborates the experimental observations. The practical significance of the present investigation is discussed in connection with controlling the cell structure in extruded foam products.

Topic: Polymer Foaming and Composites
Subfield: Polymers and Plastics
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Synaptophysin immunoreactivity in the cat cochlear nuclei.

The presence of synaptophysin, a presynaptic Ca2+ binding glycoprotein, has been analyzed in the cochlear nucleus complex of the adult cat using an antisynaptophysin monoclonal antibody. Synaptophysin immunoreactivity was differently distributed between regions of cochlear nuclei. Terminal boutons contacting directly with neurons (cell bodies and dendrites) or in the neuropil of ventral and dorsal cochlear nuclei appeared immunostained. In the ventral cochlear nucleus, synaptophysin-labelled boutons were clearly defined in contact with spherical, globular, multipolar, octopus and cochlear-nerve root neurons. However, the dorsal cochlear nucleus showed a dense immunostained network of synaptophysin-labelled puncta, inside which some neuron cell bodies were observed. The present findings show a differential distribution of synaptophysin-immunostained boutons between the ventral and the dorsal cochlear nuclei of the cat. The present description of the different synaptophysin-labelled terminal boutons in the cochlear nuclei complex and their pattern of distribution, will be useful for further studies on development, degeneration or regeneration of the peripheral auditory pathway.

Topic: Hearing, Cochlea, Tinnitus, Genetics
Subfield: Sensory Systems
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences
Reasons for the study of medicine and dental medicine in the first year students of the Faculty of medicine in Ljubljana

<strong>Aim</strong>: In addition to clinical knowledge, communication skills and sovereign decision making, a good doctor is also expected to posses Aim: In addition to clinical knowledge, communication skills and sovereign decision making, a good doctor is also expected to posses professional values, including the ability to establish empathic relationships with patients.<br />The purpose of the study was to identify the reasons that lead students to choose the study of dental medicine/medicine, and determine the level of emphaty in relation to the choice of study in the first year students of the Faculty of Medicine in Ljubljana.<br /><strong>Methods</strong>: For the needs of the research we developed a questionnaire, which included basic data on students, their reasons for choosing the study of medicine or dental medicine and the Jefferson scale of empathy–version for students (JSE-S version with a modified scale with 16 arguments). The questionnaire was forwarded to all 227 first-year students in the academic year 2014/15 at the completion of the Communication course.<br /><strong>Results</strong>: The study involved a total of 216 (response 95.2 %) students; 158 medical students and 58 students of dental medicine. Among the reasons for enrollment to the Medical Faculty, the highest proportion of medical students indicated a desire to help people (85.3 %), a desire to improve human health (78.8 %) and a desire to work with people (64.7 %); 28.8 % of the medical students chose the argument „because employment is guarantee”, while 14.1 % of medical students believed the argument „because it is well paid“ was the reason to choose the study of medicine.<br />The students of dental medicine most often choose the following answers: a desire to help people (87.9 %), a desire to improve human health (74.1 %), followed by a desire to work with people (65.5 %). The argument “because employment is guaranteed” convinced 50 % of the students, and the argument “because the pay is good” convinced 46.6 %.<br />Three claims were significantly associated with self-assessment of empathic stance: the arguments “because I want to help people” (91.08 ± 10.65 vs. 86.61 ± 12.56; p = 0.037) and »because I want to work with people” (91.82 ± 10.18 vs. 87.90 ± 12.11; p = 0.012) were associated with a greater self-assessmentwhile the argument “because the pay is good” (91.36 ± 11.41 vs. 87.29 ± 9.01; p = 0.023) was associated with a lower self-assessment of empathic stance.<br /><strong>Conclusion</strong>: Students who want to help people have higher level of self-assessment of empathic stance. The task of a medical faculty is to ensure that students whose choice of study is based on their humanist values are encouraged to have those values further developed and put into practice during their study.

Topic: Medical Education and Admissions
Subfield: Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Estimates of herbicide use for the twenty-first through the fortieth most-used herbicides in the conterminous United States

this coverage contains estimates of herbicide use for the twenty first through the fortieth most used herbicides in the conterminous united states as reported in gianessi and puffer 1991 herbicide use estimates in this coverage are reported for each county polygon as acres treated pounds of active ingredient used and pounds used per square mile the herbicide use estimates provided by gianessi and puffer 1991 list acres treated and pounds of active ingredient applied for a given crop in each county for which use has been estimated cropping data are from the 1987 census of agriculture and are subject to occasional suppressions of acreage estimates at the county level due to problems of confidentiality and census disclosure rules the herbicide use estimates included in this coverage are totals of use on all crops treated in a given county the polygons representing county boundaries in the conterminous united states as well as lakes estuaries and other nonland area features were derived from the digital line graph dlg files representing the 1 2 000 000 scale map in the national atlas of the united states 1970 herbicides herbicide use counties united states

Topic: Weed Control and Herbicide Applications
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
ChemInform Abstract: A Facile Synthesis of 4‐(Trialkylmethyl)anilines by the Reaction of 4‐( Trifluoromethyl)aniline with Grignard Reagents.

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.

Topic: Fluorine in Organic Chemistry
Subfield: Pharmaceutical Science
Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics
Domain: Life Sciences
Acute Ischemic Stroke in Children Vs Young Adults

Clinical characteristics, stroke etiology, and outcome (modified Rankin scale [0-6] score at 3-6 months) in children (1 month-16 years) and young adults (16-45 years) with arterial ischemic stroke (AIS) were compared in a multicenter study at University of Bern and other centers in Switzerland.

Topic: Blood Coagulation and Thrombosis Mechanisms
Subfield: Hematology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Reciprocity and orthogonality

Let $p$ be a prime and let $K$ be a finite extension of the field ${\bf Q}_p$ of $p$-adic numbers such that the group ${}_pK^\times$ has order $p$. The ${\bf F}_p$-space $K^\times\!/K^{\times p}$ carries a natural filtration coming from the valuation on $K$, and a natural bilinear pairing coming from the reciprocity isomorphism for the exponent~$p$. We determine the orthogonal filtration for this pairing. We also prove the analogous result for $p$-fields of characteristic $p$.

Topic: Literature, Film, and Journalism Analysis
Subfield: Literature and Literary Theory
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
[Does Masui's Ca-sensitive cytostatic factor exist in the cytoplasm of mature nonactivated eggs of Acipenser stellatus, Rana temporaria and Xenopus laevis?].

The cytoplasm of mature non-activated and cleaving eggs of A. stellatus and R. temporaria had no cytostatic effect. The cytoplasm treated with EGTA, being injected in one of two blastomeres of the cleaving egg of the same species, inhibits fully or partially the cleavage. The nuclei in the "arrested" blastomeres had, however, vesicular structure but were not blocked at metaphase, as could be expected if the cleavage was inhibited by a cytostatic factor described by Masui (1974). The portion of perished embryos and "arrested" blastomeres was shown to increase with the dose of EGTA injected in the egg, donor of cytoplasm. In the experiments with reciprocal injections of the intact cytoplasm of the mature non-activated eggs in one of two blastomeres of the recipient embryo carried out on R. temporaria and X. laevis, the cytoplasm of X. laevis only arested the cleavage but in this case as well only 4 out of 32 "arrested" blastomeres were at metaphase. The cytostatic effect observed in our experiments was not, hence, similar to that observed by Masui on R. pipiens.

Topic: Reproductive biology and impacts on aquatic species
Subfield: Physiology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
A new species of<i>Miraxonides</i>(Aturidae: Axonopsinae) from Mexico

ABSTRACT A species of Miraxonides belonging to the typical subgenus is described from a spring in Nayarit State, Mexico and extends the known range of the subgenus much farther northward. The other species, M. alatus Lundblad was collected in southern Brazil.

Topic: Cephalopods and Marine Biology
Subfield: Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Low-carbon Closed-loop Logistics Network Design based on Interval Number Multi-attribute Decision and Queuing Theory

In order to solve closed-loop logistics network design problem in the low-carbon economic environment, in this paper, queuing theory is used to calculate the amount of storage of reverse logistics nodes and interval number is used to describe the uncertainty of the logistics network, a bi-objectives logistics network design model which minimum the total cost and carbon emissions of logistics network is established, the solving idea based on interval-number multiple attribute decision theory is proposed, solving algorithm based on genetic algorithm is designed.The feasibility of the model and solution algorithm is verified through case analysis; this method can meet the low-carbon closed-loop logistics network design requirements under uncertainty conditions.

Topic: Sustainable Supply Chain Management
Subfield: Strategy and Management
Field: Business, Management and Accounting
Domain: Social Sciences
VULCANISMO CARBONATITICO MEDIO-PLEISTOCENICO IN ITALIA: ATTIVITA' ERUTTIVA E DEPOSITI PIROCLASTICI

Four carbonatite occurrences are now known in Italy. The Polino occurrence, discovered in 1990, is a small, high­level intrusion, but the occurrences discovered subsequently are all extrusive. At San Venanzo and Cupaello carbonatitic tuffs are intimately involved with phonolitic and meliliitic tuffs and closely related to kamafugite lavas in monogenetic volcanic centres. In contrast, the Monticchio carbonatitic tuffs form the last phase of the relatively voluminous Vulture vol­cano, but are similar in being closely associated with meliliitic tuffs. [...]

Topic: Hermeneutics and Narrative Identity
Subfield: Philosophy
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Factors Affecting Volume Yield in a Forestry-Wood Value Chain : A Simulation Study Based on CT Scanning

The paper presents the results of a simulation study, where log models based on CT scanned logs of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) was used as input material to a computer simulation model of a generic value chain involving sawing, drying, crosscutting and finger jointing. The aim was to investigate which factors that affect the volume yield in the value chain, be it forestal, log-, process- or quality-related factors. The results show that factors related to growth conditions and log size have a large impact on the volume yield in the studied value chain, together with quality requirements on knots. Factors such as sawing positioning and log quality had a much smaller impact. It can be concluded that it is possible to model a forestry-wood value chain, while assessing which input variables affect the result in terms of volume yield, using CT scanning of logs and subsequent computer simulation of the production processes.

Topic: Forest ecology and management
Subfield: Nature and Landscape Conservation
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences