jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
The Indian paradox

Civility is generally lost in translation in non-Western contexts or limited to its normative form. Deliberation or critical scholarly engagement on civility in India is missing largely due to misgivings about postcolonialist scholarship and the liberal moorings attached to the idea of civility. It is helpful, therefore, to rescue civility both theoretically and conceptually from some of these misgivings. While we recognize the double-edged nature of civility and its potential misuse as a discourse of power in constructing hegemony, dominance, violence and exclusion, we make a case for the recovery of civility as a philosophical idea and as an analytical tool to advance a deeper understanding of problems facing democracy in India.

Topic: Political Theory and Influence
Subfield: Political Science and International Relations
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Tourist’s Preferences in Choosing Local Food Culinary Tourism in Bali

Tourist preferences can help in creating a tourist product that matches the type of tourist activity the tourist wants during a trip to a region. The purpose of this study is to know the preferences of tourists in choosing local food culinary tours in Bali. The sample determination technique used is purposive sampling with a sample size of as many as 320 tourists, consisting of 160 domestic tourists and 160 foreign tourists. This research used 5 (five) attributes such as price, quality of food, restaurant service system, food recipes and cooking techniques. Based on the results of the analysis using SPSS Version 26, domestic tourist prefer affordable price with the authentic taste to restaurant service with counter service because of ease in ordering food, cooking recipes are of service direction because corresponds to the presentation intructions in the restaurant as well in the dining house and cooking technique using traditional tools. Meanwhile, the foreign tourist prefers price consistency with innovative food, then a restaurant service system of self-service, cooking recipes that match the weight and measure and the use of traditional tools. This study reveals that domestic and international tourists aged 24–39, mainly from Jakarta and Australia, show strong preferences for local culinary tourism in Bali

Topic: Culinary Culture and Tourism
Subfield: Food Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Diversity of Zooplankton in Mountainous Organic based Paddy cum Fish Cultivation ecosystem in Ziro, Arunachal Pradesh

Zooplankton in the organic based mountainous paddy fields play an important role for the holistic development of fisheries and aquaculture sector, promoting livelihoods, food and nutritional security. Five major communities of zooplankton namely Cladocera, Copepoda, Rotifera, Protozooplanktonand Ostracoda were found in the study area where 34 species under Cladocera, 7 species under Copepoda along with some nauplii, 17 species under Rotifera and 1 species under Ostracoda and among protozooplankton 5 species under Protozooplankton, were recorded. Simpson dominance index revealed that Bosmina, Chydorus, Cyclops, Diaptomus, Brachionus, Keratella, Arcella were found as the most dominant zooplankton species. Shannon diversity index showed that Cladocera (2.45)&gt; Copepoda (1.44)&gt;Rotifera (1.30)&gt;Protozooplankton (1.27). Margelef richness index showed that Cladocera (5.64)&gt; Copepoda (1.65)&gt; Rotifera (1.10)&gt;Protozooplankton (1.33). The physico-chemical parameters of the rice field water as well as the structure and dynamics for the growth and abundance of zooplankton in the rice field also the productivity of rice and fish yield. It can be concluded that diversified zooplankton species has found in the organic nature paddy fields which have the reflection of the healthy ecosystem of Organic paddy fields. This type of ecosystems will be helped to attain of the three goals of sustainable development viz. Goal 12 (Responsible consumption and production), Goal 13 (Climate action), Goal 14 (Life below water) by enhancement of blue revolution of the country.

Topic: Fish Biology and Ecology Studies
Subfield: Aquatic Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
South African University history: a historiographical overview

ABSTRACTUniversity history has traditionally been the domain of the commemorative publication which presented institutions in a very favourable light, full of the boasts of growth and achievement. In considering university histories, it is useful to examine this traditional approach as well as more recent scholarly developments in the study of the history of institutions of higher learning internationally. In South Africa, most universities have some form of published history, although these vary greatly in scope, depth and critical approach. This article briefly considers volumes produced on South African universities and their past in the twentieth and early twenty-first centuries. Trends and approaches evident in this wide variety of publications are highlighted. Questions such as the choice of moments of origin and commemoration, the effect of Apartheid on the retelling of the past and the use of either an autobiographical or a collaborative approach are considered. The comparative lack of histories of former 'non-white' universities is also explored, while the predominance of interest in matters of institutional identity in the post-Apartheid context is highlighted.Keywords: Universitieshistoriographyuniversity historySouth AfricaApartheidhigher educationinstitutional identity

Topic: Higher Education Governance and Development
Subfield: Political Science and International Relations
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
The long case: the case against its revival

Summary In their editorial, Michael et al focus on what they see as shortcomings in one important area of clinical assessment of psychiatrists in training and they suggest that methods of workplace-based assessment have failed. However, current thinking in assessment of doctors is to consider assessment systems as a whole and we contend that both forms of assessment – clinical examinations and workplace-based assessments – are needed because they fulfil different needs. This is not to argue that more should not be done to ensure that all who are involved in the assessment of doctors are better prepared for the task or that the current portfolio of assessment methods is complete.

Topic: Innovations in Medical Education
Subfield: Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Musical pleasure mediates dopaminergic learning: an fMRI study

Music has been important to every culture in recorded history, and is widely considered among the most pleasurable things in the world. This relationship seems to have its root in the brain's reward system, where enjoying music corresponds to dopamine release. Yet according to reinforcement learning theory, this system is primarily involved in orienting towards biologically advantageous rewards, such as food and sex, to optimize behaviors for survival and reproduction. Its prominent role in musical pleasure, thus, has exciting implications. Can music influence goal-directed reward processing? Can it do so beneficially, to faci litate learning and other reward-related functions? This thesis explores this potential with a musical manipulation of reinforcement learning. Participants chose pleasurable and neutral music from an experimenter-compiled database and then listened to this music during functional magnetic resonance imaging of a probabilistic selection task known to rely on striatal dopamine transmission. To distinguish the effects of musical pleasure on the learning and generalization of probabilistic stimulus-outcome relationships, 17 subjects listened to pleasurable music during a training phase and neutral music during a test, while 18 subjects listened to neutral music during training and pleasurable music during testing. Pleasurable music significantly enhanced reinforcement learning, as in a previous investigation, and activity in the left superior temporal gyrus, left orbitofrontal and ventromedial prefrontal cortices, right inferior frontal gyrus, and right insula was able to predict both musical pleasure and reinforcement learning task performance. There were also interactions between musical pleasure and neural responses consistent with a congruency effect, with pleasurable music enhancing attention for rewarding stimuli as reflected in the left occipital lobe, left middle frontal gyrus, left superior frontal gyrus, and right anterior cingulate cortex, although not in behavioral measures. Together, these findings support a role of dopamine in musical pleasure and suggest that this relationship can be exploited to aid both neural and behavioral functions of the reward system, with implications for education, decision making, and motivation.

Topic: Neuroscience and Music Perception
Subfield: Cognitive Neuroscience
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences
Data Supplement from TIGAR Has a Dual Role in Cancer Cell Survival through Regulating Apoptosis and Autophagy

&lt;p&gt;Supplemental Figure S1. Epirubicin inhibited cell viability and induced TIGAR expression in A549 cells.&lt;/p&gt;

Topic: Mitochondrial Function and Pathology
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
[Genital self mutilation (author's transl)].

Genital self-mutilation is usually believed to be rare and to be predominantly practiced by men, especially those suffering grave mental illness. Castration occupies a central place in psychoanalytical theory, which suggests various symbols for the supposedly diverse fantasy of castration. A review of the literature revealed only about 60 cases. 3 diagnostic categories have been suggested for such cases: schizophrenics, transvestites or transsexuals, and patients with religious and cultural complexes. Factors believed to be common to persons practicing genital self-mutilation include intense sexual confusion, masochistic relationships with and submission to women, strong feminine identification, repudiation of the penis, and depression relieved by the mutilation. Explicit motivations were expressed in over 60% of cases, including desire to be a woman, existence of homosexual sentiments, real or imagined illness, and heterosexual sentiments. Extreme religiosity, psychotic symptoms, and a feeling of failure in the masculine role are often mentioned. 5 patients in 1 series of 53 attempted suicide and 1 succeeded. 87% were considered psychotic. 25% ingested alcohol before the act. 3 characteristics among psychotic subjects suggest a high risk of mutilation: very young psychotic men with sexual obsessions and fears, older men with psychotic depression or grave somatic illness, and men tending to become violent on drinking alcohol. Nonpsychotic subjects tend to display rage against themselves. Nonpsychotic transsexuals often had old fantasies of mutilation, and in 1/5 of cases some previous attempt had been made. A series of 3 cases observed by the author displayed a variety of circumstances: a 23-year old man with no observed psychosis wished to be free of sexual tumult and desire to masturbate for religious reasons, a 42-year old man had a fit of delirium and castrated himself with a saber, and a 32-year old chronic psychotic emasculated himself with his pajama cord and died shortly thereafter. Very few cases of female self-mutilation have been observed.

Topic: Reproductive tract infections research
Subfield: Microbiology
Field: Immunology and Microbiology
Domain: Life Sciences
Efficacy and safety of Duhuo-Jisheng decoction in rheumatoid arthritis: A systematic review and meta-analysis of 42 randomized controlled trials

Background: Duhuo-Jisheng decoction (DJD) is a Chinese herb formula. Previous studies have reported that the clinical symptoms and laboratory indicators of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients could be improved by DJD. However, the existing evidence was not robust enough and controversial. Methods: Randomized controlled trials of DJD for RA were retrieved from Chinese and English databases from their inception to April 16, 2023. Meta-analysis was performed by Stata 17 software. We used subgroup analysis, meta-regression, and sensitivity analysis to identify potential sources of heterogeneity. The subgroup analysis and meta-regression were conducted from 6 aspects, including age, course of disease, course of treatment, interventions used in the experimental or control group, and random sequence generation. Galbraith plot was used to find studies with possible heterogeneity. Publication bias was assessed by Egger’s test and funnel plots when the number of relevant studies was greater than or equal to 10. Results: Forty-two studies were included, involving 3635 patients and 19 outcome indicators. Meta-analysis showed that, compared with the routine disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (rDMARDs), DJD could better improve the level of laboratory indicators, main symptoms and signs, and questionnaire scores of RA patients. The laboratory indicators included rheumatoid factor, T lymphocyte subpopulation (including CD4 + , CD8 + , and CD4 + /CD8 + ), and inflammatory biomarkers (including erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein, tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin 6, interleukin 1β, and interleukin 1). The main symptoms and signs included the duration of morning stiffness, the number of joint tenderness, the number of swollen joints, and the grip strength of both hands. The questionnaire included visual analogue scale, health assessment questionnaire, and disease activity score in 28 joints. In addition, the adverse events of DJD treatment were significantly lower than those of rDMARDs. However, the results of a few subgroup analyses differed from the overall results. Furthermore, the publication bias assessment showed that, out of 11 evaluated results, 4 had publication bias. Conclusion: DJD could be a satisfactory complementary and alternative therapy for RA. However, due to a small number of subgroup analysis results being different from the overall results, it should be verified by further studies.

Topic: Rheumatoid Arthritis Research and Therapies
Subfield: Rheumatology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
The New Testament Christological Hymns: Their Historical Religious Background

Book Review| September 01 1972 The New Testament Christological Hymns: Their Historical Religious Background The New Testament Christological Hymns: Their Historical Religious Background, Jack T. Sanders. Burton L. Mack Burton L. Mack Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Journal of Biblical Literature (1972) 91 (3): 431–433. https://doi.org/10.2307/3263191 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Tools Icon Tools Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Burton L. Mack; The New Testament Christological Hymns: Their Historical Religious Background. Journal of Biblical Literature 1 September 1972; 91 (3): 431–433. doi: https://doi.org/10.2307/3263191 Download citation file: Zotero Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All Scholarly Publishing CollectiveSBL PressJournal of Biblical Literature Search Advanced Search The text of this article is only available as a PDF. Copyright 1972 Society of Biblical Literature1972 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.

Topic: Historical and Linguistic Studies
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
‘An Everyday Story of Country Folk’ Online? The Marginalisation of the Internet and Social Media in <i>The Archers</i>

In this chapter, we explore to what extent storylines about the internet and social media are absent or marginal in The Archers. In particular, we examine these storylines to better understand how the inhabitants of Ambridge interact online and how their online activities intersect with their real-world experiences. We compare what happens in The Archers with the moral panic that often characterises narratives of technology use and find a striking contrast that we argue supports a broader way of understanding and characterising practices of online safety and security. We analysed four social media-related Archers' storylines from the last 24 months. Our analysis shows that The Archers storylines enable us to look at human–computer interaction in relief so that instead of only looking at how people use technology we can also see the context in which it is used and the usually unseen support structures. The Archers narratives also provide a rich picture of how the fixed space of the physical world interacts with virtual space. In the broader context, the social media storylines provide us with an understanding of how connecting, care receiving and care giving take place in both fixed space and virtual space, and how these co-connected relationships of care receiving and care giving contribute to a form of security more expansive than technologically enabled data protection.

Topic: Gender, Feminism, and Media
Subfield: Gender Studies
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Surgery of Traumatic Cataracts

International Ophthalmology Clinics is a valuable resource for any medical professional seeking to stay informed and up-to-date regarding developments in this dynamic specialty. Each issue of this quarterly publication presents a comprehensive review of a single topic in a new or changing area of ophthalmology. The timely, tightly focused review articles found in this publication give ophthalmologists the opportunity to benefit from the knowledge of leading experts in this rapidly changing field.

Topic: Intraocular Surgery and Lenses
Subfield: Ophthalmology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Army Reserve Component Employment in Theater Engagement Operations

Abstract : By employing strategic guidance, the geographical Combatant Commanders (CCDR) achieve our nation's strategic priories. They develop plans to engage their regional areas, ranging from peacetime security cooperation activities to full combat to post-reconstruction activities. A critical component of the theater security process involves shaping the regional environment by conducting peacetime engagement activities As a force provider to the CCDRs, the Army Reserve Components (RC) participate in many exercises and humanitarian operations. Through the formal Program Objective Memorandum process, the services request funds to support the CCDRs theater engagement activities Although the Active Army is successfully acquiring Operational and Maintenance funds to support these activities, the RCs are under-funded However, a revision of the Program, Planning, Budget, Execution (PPBE) process will enable the Army RCs to receive adequate funding to assure their continued support of the CCDRs theater engagement activities This SRP recommends several solutions to this problem as a means of enabling the Army RCs' support to the CCDRs theater security cooperation activities.

Topic: Military and Defense Studies
Subfield: Political Science and International Relations
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Plane-polar near-field to far-field transformation with the near-field interpolation method

A major step in the computation required to transform a plane-polar near-field into the far-field is the Hankel transform. One of the simplest ways to circumvent numerical Hankel transform evaluations is the interpolation method which converts the polar grid to a rectangular grid. This method turns out to be the most efficient plane-polar near-field to far-field transformation method

Topic: Electromagnetic Compatibility and Measurements
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Was Cartesian Science ever Meant to be a Priori? A Comment on Hatfield

In a recent article G. Hatfield claims that Descartes for a certain time thought a purely a priori science to be possible. Hatfield's evidence consists of his reading of the Cartesian method in the Regulae and of a letter to Mersenne, written in May 1632. I argue that Hatfield misinterprets the Cartesian method and Descartes' claim in the letter to Mersenne. I first show that the latter does not argue for an a priori science. Then, I show that the method of the Regulae is not a priori. Finally, I propose a reading of Descartes' letter.

Topic: Philosophy and History of Science
Subfield: History and Philosophy of Science
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Experiences and impressions of Jamaican students studying at the University of Florida, 1981-1982 / by Otilia Salmon.

Another study conducted by Jacobs in New York reported that there were 311,882 foreign students in 1981 studying in the United States in institutions of higher learning, and Enarson (19 82) has predicted that there will be one million foreign students by the end of the decade.Of the number of foreign students reported in 19 80-81 in the United States, 11,919 were to be found in the state of Florida with 8,910 of these from the Caribbean Islands.This figure excluded the Spanish-speaking islands of Cuba, Santo Domingo, and Puerto Rico.Of the 8,910 students from the Caribbean, 2,290 were from the Island of Jamaica ( Open Door 1980/1981) .

Topic: Caribbean history, culture, and politics
Subfield: Cultural Studies
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Dialektika Hukum Islam pada Masa Awal Islam

Abstract: The dynamic and dialectical theory of Islamic law had been since the time of the Prophet Muhammad (p.b.u.h). However, the theory of Islamic law in a comprehensive form had just started at the time of al-Shafi’i, and then continuously further developed and refined by the next future jurists of different schools of Islamic law there. The theory of classical Islamic law seeks to integrate the authoritative text (nushûsh) and the role of human reason (ra’y). However, the function of the human mind is at a lower level (subordinate) and additional (subsidiary) rather than function doctrine revealed by God (nushûsh). All schools of Islamic law that had developed at that time had to conform to the model of integration that had to do certain concessions if it wanted to gain recognition as a legitimate school of law. For example, traditionalists must accept ra’y in the form of qiyâs. For this reason, the schools of Islamic law which would not accept qiyâs, it would have been out of the circulation, such as Zahiri and Hasywiyah schools.Keywords: Islamic Law, Early time of Islam, nushûsh, ra’y. Abstrak: Teori hukum Islam yang dinamis dan dialektis sudah ada sejak masa Rasulullah saw. Namun, teori hukum dalam bentuknya yang komprehensif baru dimulai pada masa al-Syafi’i, kemudian secara berkesinambungan terus dikembangkan dan disempurnakan oleh para fuqaha masa berikutnya dari berbagai mazhab hukum Islam yang ada. Teori Hukum Islam klasik berupaya mengintegrasikan antara teks otoritatif (nushûsh) dan peran nalar manusia (ra’y). Namun fungsi nalar manusia berada pada tingkatan yang lebih rendah (subordinatif) dan tambahan (subsider) dibanding fungsi ajaran yang diwahyukan Tuhan (nushûsh). Semua aliran hukum yang berkembang pada saat itu harus menyesuaikan diri dengan model integrasi yang ada dengan melakukan konsesi-konsesi tertentu jika ingin mendapatkan pengakuan sebagai aliran hukum yang sah. Misalnya, aliran tradisionalis harus menerima ra’y dalam bentuk qiyâs. Atas dasar itu, aliran-aliran hukum yang tidak mau menerima qiyâs, dengan sendirinya hilang dari peredaran, seperti mazhab Zahiri dan mazhab Hasywiyah.Kata Kunci: Hukum Islam, Masa Awal Islam, nushûsh, ra’y.

Topic: Legal Studies and Policies
Subfield: Law
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences