jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Structural insights into the binding and catalytic mechanisms of the <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i> bacteriophage glycosyl hydrolase PlyP40

Summary Endolysins are bacteriophage‐encoded peptidoglycan hydrolases that specifically degrade the bacterial cell wall at the end of the phage lytic cycle. They feature a distinct modular architecture, consisting of enzymatically active domains (EADs) and cell wall‐binding domains (CBDs). Structural analysis of the complete enzymes or individual domains is required for better understanding the mechanisms of peptidoglycan degradation and provides guidelines for the rational design of chimeric enzymes. We here report the crystal structure of the EAD of PlyP40, a member of the GH‐25 family of glycosyl hydrolases, and the first muramidase reported for Listeria phages. Site‐directed mutagenesis confirmed key amino acids (Glu98 and Trp10) involved in catalysis and substrate stabilization. In addition, we found that PlyP40 contains two heterogeneous CBD modules with homology to SH3 and LysM domains. Truncation analysis revealed that both domains are required for full activity but contribute to cell wall recognition and lysis differently. Replacement of CBDP40 with a corresponding domain from a different Listeria phage endolysin yielded an enzyme with a significant shift in pH optimum. Finally, domain swapping between PlyP40 and the streptococcal endolysin Cpl‐1 produced an intergeneric chimera with activity against Listeria cells, indicating that structural similarity of individual domains determines enzyme function.

Topic: Bacteriophages and microbial interactions
Subfield: Ecology
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
INDONESIA’S DEATH PENALTY EXECUTION FROM THE REALIST VIEW OF INTERNATIONAL LAW

During the first half of 2015, Indonesia executed fourteen prisoners who had been convicted of smuggling drugs to and from Indonesia. Twelve of them were foreigners. This execution led to withdrawal of the ambassador of Brazil, Netherlands, and Australia, whose citizens are among those executed. Criticism came from around the world, and small number of Indonesians. Most critics cited human rights abuse; and death penalty is against international law. However, the lack of further explanation can make the statement misunderstood. The distinctive nature of international law is one factor that makes death penalty issue is still debatable. Another factor is the inconsistent world’s reaction on human rights issues, showing realistic behavior in international relations. Therefore it is important to understand the nature of international law from the realist perspective of international relations in explaining death penalty in Indonesia. The purpose of this paper is to elaborate Indonesia’s death penalty from the realist perspective of international law.Keywords: realism, international law, international relations, death penalty

Topic: Legal and Policy Analysis in Indonesia
Subfield: Law
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Review: <i>Domestic Occupations: Spatial Rhetorics and Women’s Work</i>, by Jessica Enoch

Book Review| May 01 2021 Review: Domestic Occupations: Spatial Rhetorics and Women’s Work, by Jessica Enoch Jessica Enoch, Domestic Occupations: Spatial Rhetorics and Women’s Work, Carbondale: Southern Illinois University Press, 2019. 260 pp. ISBN: 9780809337163 Kate Rich Kate Rich University of Washington Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Rhetorica (2021) 39 (2): 240–242. https://doi.org/10.1525/rh.2021.39.2.240 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Kate Rich; Review: Domestic Occupations: Spatial Rhetorics and Women’s Work, by Jessica Enoch. Rhetorica 1 May 2021; 39 (2): 240–242. doi: https://doi.org/10.1525/rh.2021.39.2.240 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search nav search search input Search input auto suggest search filter All ContentRhetorica Search This content is only available via PDF. © 2021 by The International Society for the History of Rhetoric. All rights reserved. Please direct all requests for permission to photocopy or reproduce article content through the University of California Press’s Reprints and Permissions web page, http://www.ucpress.edu/journals.php?p=reprints.2021The International Society for the History of Rhetoric Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.

Topic: Rhetoric and Communication Studies
Subfield: Philosophy
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Modeling consumer’s innovativeness and purchase intention relationship regarding 5G technology in China

Consumer innovativeness is a significant personality attribute that refers to a person’s proclivity to acquire and utilize new items more rapidly and frequently than others. Although previous research has revealed a relationship between consumer innovativeness and the intention to buy new technology products, little is known about the determinants such as visibility and guidance affordances, environmental awareness, and safety concerns that underpin this relationship. Using the diffusion of innovation (DOI) theory through the PLS-SEM approach, this study analyzed the data of 341 Chinese consumers to explore the prospects mentioned above. The empirical results show that visibility and guidance affordances encourage consumer innovativeness. The results further reveal that environmental awareness and product safety concerns mediate the consumer innovativeness and purchase intention relationship. This model will contribute to the literature by improving predictive ability over previous models. Therefore, managers and policy-makers who wish to make constructive changes in the intentions of technology consumers are encouraged to ruminate on the extrapolations of this article.

Topic: Innovation Diffusion and Forecasting
Subfield: Management Science and Operations Research
Field: Decision Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Gut microbiota of children with autism spectrum disorder and healthy siblings: A comparative study

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental abnormality that impairs social communication. The human gut microbiome (GM) influences a variety of local processes, including dysbiosis and the defense against pathogenic microorganisms. The aim of the present study was to categorize and identify molecular biomarkers for ASD. In the present study, metagenomics whole genome shotgun sequencing was used to identify the gut microbiota in autistic individuals. Fecal samples from four children with ASD and four healthy control siblings, aged 3-10 years old, were examined using bioinformatics analysis. A total of 673,091 genes were cataloged, encompassing 25 phyla and 2 kingdoms based on the taxonomy analysis. The results revealed 257 families, 34 classes, 84 orders, and 1,314 genera among 4,339 species. The top 10 most abundant genes and corresponding functional genes for each group were determined after the abundance profile was screened. The results showed that children with ASD had a higher abundance of certain gut microbiomes than their normal siblings and <i>vice versa</i>. The phyla <i>Firmicutes</i> and <i>Proteobacteria</i> were the most abundant in ASD. The <i>Thermoanaerobacteria</i> class was also restricted to younger healthy individuals. Moreover, the <i>Lactobacillaceae</i> family was more abundant in children with ASD. Additionally, it was discovered that children with ASD had a higher abundance of the <i>Bacteroides</i> genus and a lower abundance of the <i>Bifidobacterium</i> and <i>Prevotella</i> genera. In conclusion, there were more pathogenic genera and species and higher levels of biomass, diversity and richness in the GM of children with ASD.

Topic: Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
Subfield: Cognitive Neuroscience
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences
380 Building epidemiological capacity for Drug Overdose surveillance in the U.S. health departments

<h3>Background</h3> In response to the growing prescription drug overdose (DO) epidemic in the U.S., an Injury Surveillance Workgroup on Poisoning (ISWP) released Consensus Recommendations for National and State Poisoning Surveillance in April 2012. The ISWP proposed standardised tools to conduct and improve DO surveillance. <h3>Methods</h3> The Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists (CSTE) formed an Overdose Subcommittee (OS) to raise CSTE membership awareness of DO deaths and to test the proposed DO indicators before they were widely adopted as surveil­lance tools. <h3>Results</h3> The CSTE OS aims and results have been discussed during monthly calls opened to all CSTE members. Several major projects were completed with voluntary participation from CSTE OS members. Analysis of death certificate (DC) data in 11 jurisdictions revealed variations in completeness and specificity of the drug-related information (e.g., DO death rates not contributed to any drug varied from 0/100,000 in New York City to 7.4/100,000 in Kentucky). A study using toxicology and DC data found that drug-specific sensitivity on DCs in three jurisdictions varied widely (23%–92% benzodiazepines, 61%–92% heroin, 91%–100% opioid analgesics). New epidemiological tools for DC data analysis were developed. Several jurisdictions worked successfully with medical examiners/coroners to improve completeness and specificity of drugs listed on DCs. The CSTE findings were presented at national conferences, published in papers, and informed the development of national guidelines for state special emphasis reports on DO death data. <h3>Conclusions</h3> The CSTE OS work is an ongoing learning process that already improved the DO mortality surveillance methodology and standardisation, increased the epidemiological capacity for DO reporting and data quality improvement at state and local levels, and strengthened the collaborations among epidemiologists from different jurisdictions.

Topic: Opioid Use Disorder Treatment
Subfield: Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Searchable Public-Key Encryption with Data Sharing in Dynamic Groups for Mobile Cloud Storage

Mobile cloud computing is referred as the combination of cloud comput- ing and mobile networks to bring benefits for both mobile users and cloud computing providers. While once the data of mobile users is outsourced to the cloud, it is a formidable and challenging task for the data owners to realize both the data confi- dentiality and the utilization because it seems unachievable to search and retrieve the special contents on the data encrypted by traditional encryption schemes. To address this issue, we propose a searchable public-key encryption scheme for a group of users in mobile cloud storage. In our proposal, a dynamic asymmetric group key agreement protocol is utilized for data sharing among a body of mobile users and the technique of proxy re-signature is employed to update the searchable ciphertexts when the mo- bile users in the group varies. Through the security proof and performance evaluation, we demonstrate the new scheme is both secure and efficient, and hence it reaches the requirements of the users, network operators, as well as cloud computing providers in application.

Topic: Cryptography and Data Security
Subfield: Artificial Intelligence
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Invisible Sovereign: Nation Visible Power: People

This article deals with the complicated and ambivalent relationships between people and nation within the idea of sovereignty, emphasizing the Turkish case. We analyze, firstly, how the principle of sovereignty is transferred to the people during the nation-building process in Western Europe through a historical background. Secondly, we try to understand, why the term nation often replaces the term people. As in Turkey’s case, the two different notions; demos and ethnos related to people and nation are deliberately confused. The new born nation defines itself rather with the particularities of an ethnos as an overlapping notion : while the majority ethnic group claims to embody the characteristics of organic unity as nation, they try to eliminate the other ethnic minorities.

Topic: Turkey's Politics and Society
Subfield: Political Science and International Relations
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Knowledge co-production in academic-practitioner research collaboration: An expanded perspective on power

Knowledge co-production within academic-practitioner research collaborations is a promising means to address the pressing issue of research impact. Yet current theorising is hampered by a limited appreciation of power in the relationship between research partners. In this study, we explore various types of power and their effects on knowledge co-production in government-funded research collaborations. Drawing on interviews with academics and practitioners working on Australian Research Council Linkage Scheme projects, we initially document the prominence of structural and normative types of power, alongside resource power. We further show that both structural and normative power fail to conform to key principles of knowledge co-production. As a result, many of the projects studied fell short of the knowledge co-production ideal. Our investigation leads us to identify a boundary condition: knowledge co-production theory in its current form is bounded by resource power conditions. Our expanded perspective provides for an elaboration of knowledge co-production theory. We also explore the implications of our findings for business schools in search of impact.

Topic: Management and Organizational Studies
Subfield: Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management
Field: Business, Management and Accounting
Domain: Social Sciences
Protecting the Eyes of Chemical Workers<sup>1</sup>

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTProtecting the Eyes of Chemical Workers1J. E. HannumCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. 1927, 19, 7, 817–819Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1927Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1927https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie50211a020https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50211a020research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views22Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts

Topic: Chemical Safety and Risk Management
Subfield: Chemical Health and Safety
Field: Chemical Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
A synchronous groupware tool to conduct a spatially distributed collaborative learning process

Due to the high effort to implement computer supported cooperative work (CSCW) in education, the involved institutions react hesitantly to new requirements of future engineers, e.g. software engineering. The CSCW and Software Engineering Lab at University of Duisburg-Essen (UDE) is conducted as a project setup of students teams, each team consisting of four persons spatially distributed. This paper describes the efforts that have been made at UDE concerning the development of new education methodology in a virtual synchronous environment.

Topic: Innovative Teaching and Learning Methods
Subfield: Developmental and Educational Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
In this podcast we talk to Dr. Lynnea Myers about her JCPP Advances paper on Behavioural and Biological Divergence in Monozygotic Twin Pairs Discordant for Autism Phenotypes

In this podcast we talk to Dr. Lynnea Myers about her JCPP Advances paper on Behavioural and Biological Divergence in Monozygotic Twin Pairs Discordant for Autism Phenotypes

Topic: Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
Subfield: Cognitive Neuroscience
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences
Improved Outcomes of Paediatric and Adult Crohn’s Disease and Association With Emerging Use of Biologics–A Nationwide Study From the Epi-IIRN

Abstract Background The effectiveness of biologics for improving long-term outcomes in patients with Crohn’s disease [CD] is still controversial. In this nationwide study, we aimed to evaluate trends of long-term outcomes in all CD patients in Israel during the biologics era. Methods Trends of outcomes were analysed using data from the four Israeli health maintenance organisations, covering 98% of the population; joinpoint regression models were used to explore changes of these trends over 2005 to 2019. Results A total of 16 936 patients were diagnosed with CD in Israel since 2005 (2932 [17%] paediatric onset, 14 004 [83%] adult onset) with 114 947 person-years of follow-up. The cumulative rate of any CD related surgery was 5%, 9%, 11%, and 14% at 1, 3, 5, and 10 years from diagnosis. The increase in use of biologics was sharp (from 8.9% to 36%; average annual percent change [AAPC], 14.3%), and the time to biologics was shorter in recent years (median time of 4.8 [1.9–8.1] years in those diagnosed in 2005–2008 compared with 0.5 [0.2–1.1] years in those diagnosed in 2015–2018; p &amp;lt; 0.001). A significant decrease was noted in the hazard of hospitalisations (1.3 [0.1–4.6] years compared with 0.2 [0.02–0.9] years; p &amp;lt; 0.001), steroid dependency (1.5 [0.2–5.4] years compared with 0.1 [0.02–0.4] years; p &amp;lt; 0.001), and intestinal surgeries [4.7 [1.6–8.2] years compared with 0.6 [0.2–1.4] years; p &amp;lt; 0.001), but not of perianal surgery (4.2 [1.1–7.7] years compared with 0.6 [0.2–1.4] years; p = 0.2). Outcomes were consistently worse in paediatric onset compared with adults. Conclusions The rates of hospitalisations, steroid dependency, and intestinal resections decreased in association with increased use of biologics both in children and in adults, but not the rate of perianal surgeries.

Topic: Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Subfield: Genetics
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Cloning, expression, and in silico analysis of a novel annexin gene FtANX1 from Tartary buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum (L.) Gaertn.)

Annexins are generally thought to play an essential role in the regulation of plant growth, development, and stress responses. Here we describe an annexin gene from Tartary buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum (L.) Gaertn.), designated as FtANX1. The full-length coding sequence of FtANX1 is 942 bp in size, encoding a polypeptide of 313 amino acids with a theoretical molecular mass of 36.0 kDa and pI 5.94. In silico analysis of the sequence revealed that FtANX1 contains four repeats, with a type-II Ca2+-binding site in repeat I. Expression pattern analysis provided evidence that FtANX1 was predominantly expressed in immature achenes, while its level was lowest in leaves. In addition, FtANX1 was found to be associated with stress responses in Tartary buckwheat, such as drought, cold, UV-B radiation, jasmonic acid, and heavy metals (Cu, Pb, Zn, and Cd). Several stress-related regulatory elements (ABRE, W-box, GATA-box, and CuRE elements) were found by in silico analysis in the FtANX1 promoter region. Our results showed that FtANX1, a novel annexin gene, may play an important role in the growth and stress tolerance of Tartary buckwheat.

Topic: S100 Proteins and Annexins
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Temperature Field Analysis of 400 MN Heavy Die Forging Press Based on Finite Element Method

Heat conduction and thermal radiation of workpiece could increase temperature of the steel wire wound frame and the moving beam, which may lead to huge creep deformation, pre-stress loss of steel wire and performance degradation of the hydraulic oil. So it is practically important to analyze the temperature field of the die forging press. Steady and transient temperature field analyses are performed for 400 MN forging press by using ABAQUS to study the temperature field characteristics of the ejection cylinder and steel wires of the moving beam and the frame. The results show that when working temperature of the die is 300 ℃,wire temperature is below 75 ℃ after 48 h, while oil temperature is above 70 ℃ after 8.4 h, the latter exceeds the permit limit. Since the improvement of heat dissipation could not decrease temperature effectively, scheme A in which the heat insulation gaskets are added to the bottom and the top of the cylinder and scheme B in which the insulation gaskets are added between the die and the die holder are proposed. It is verified by the simulation that the latter could decrease oil temperature effectively and meet the design requirements, the oil temperature could keep below 70 ℃ after 48 h. The FEM results agree well with the experimental data, which verifies the validity of the FEM modeling. This work provides beneficial reference for structural design and forging process design.

Topic: Metallurgy and Material Forming
Subfield: Mechanics of Materials
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Gas tungsten-arc welding of carbon steel to nickel-chromium-iron. Welding procedure specification

Procedure WPS-2651-ASME-1 is qualified under Section IX of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code for gas tungsten arc welding of carbon steel (P-1-1) to nickel-chromium-iron (P-43), in thickness range 0.125 to 0.432 in.; filler metal is ERNiCr-3 (F-43); shielding gas is argon.

Topic: Engineering and Environmental Studies
Subfield: Ocean Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Expression dynamics of the serotonergic system components in granulosa cells of the developing ovarian follicle and after luteinization

Regulation of the growth and development of female sex cells is one of the conservative functions of serotonin, but their specific mechanisms remain undisclosed yet. Molecular-genetic study of the presence of all components of the serotonergic system and dynamics of their expression in granulosa cells at different stages of folliculogenesis and in corpus luteum was carried out by reverse transcription with PCR and real-time PCR. Transcripts of enzymes tryptophan hydroxylase Tph1, aromatic amino acids decarboxylase Ddc and monoamine oxidase Maoa, membrane serotonin transporter Sert and vesicular monoamine transporter Vmat2, as well as serotonin receptors Htrlb, Htrld, Htr2a, Htr2b, Htr5b and Htr7 are detected in probes investigated. A quantitative study revealed that the expression of Vmat2, Htrlb, and Htr7 genes is greater in the early stages of folliculogenesis, whereas the expression of the Vmatl gene grows by the late stages of follicular development. The relative quantity of the mRNA of the Ddc, Maoa, Vmatl and Htrlb genes increases during luteinization, while the expression of the Vmat2 and Htr7 genes, on the contrary, decreases. The presence of expression of key components of the serotonergic system and its dynamics allow as to suggest that they are involved in serotonergic regulation of folliculogenesis, as well as luteinization.

Topic: Reproductive Biology and Fertility
Subfield: Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences