jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Comprehensive study of the dynamics of a classical Kitaev spin liquid

We study the spin-$S$ Kitaev model in the classical ($S \to \infty$) limit using Monte Carlo simulations combined with semi-classical spin dynamics. We discuss differences and similarities in the dynamical structure factors of the spin-$1/2$ and the classical Kitaev liquids. Interestingly, the low-temperature and low-energy spectrum of the classical model exhibits a finite energy peak, which is the precursor of the one produced by the Majorana modes of the $S=1/2$ model. The classical peak is spectrally narrowed compared to the quantum result and can be explained by magnon excitations within fluctuating one-dimensional manifolds (loops). Hence the difference from the classical limit to the quantum limit can be understood by the fractionalization of magnons propagating in one-dimensional manifolds. Moreover, we show that the momentum space distribution of the low-energy spectral weight of the $S=1/2$ model follows the momentum space distribution of zero modes of the classical model.

Topic: Advanced Condensed Matter Physics
Subfield: Condensed Matter Physics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Effects of luteolin on the inhibition of proliferation and induction of apoptosis in human myeloid leukaemia cells

Abstract Luteolin, a flavonoid isolated from the fruit of Vitex rotundifolia , has been examined with regard to the inhibition of proliferation and induction of apoptosis in human myeloid leukaemia HL‐60 cells. The concentration required for 50% inhibition of the growth after 96 h was 15 ± 1.1 μ M . The mode of cell death induced by luteolin was found to be apoptosis, as judged by the morphologic alteration of the cells and by the detection of DNA fragmentation using agarose gel electrophoresis. The degree of apoptosis was quantified by a sandwich enzyme immunoassay and flow cytometric analysis. These results suggest that luteolin may be used as potential chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic agents. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.

Topic: Phytochemistry and Biological Activities
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Prevalence and associated predictors for patients developing chronic neuropathic pain following burns

Abstract Background Chronic pain, unrelated to the burn itself, can manifest as a long-term complication in patients sustaining burn injuries. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of chronic neuropathic pain (CNP) and compare burn characteristics between patients who developed CNP and patients without CNP who were treated at a burn center. Methods A single-center, retrospective analysis of 1880 patients admitted to the adult burn center was performed from 1 January 2014 to 1 January 2019. Patients included were over the age of 15 years, sustained a burn injury and were admitted to the burn center. CNP was diagnosed clinically following burn injury. Patients were excluded from the definition of CNP if their pain was due to an underlying illness or medication. Comparisons between patients admitted to the burn center with no pain and patients admitted to the burn center who developed CNP were performed. Results One hundred and thirteen of the 1880 burn patients developed CNP as a direct result of burn injury over 5 years with a prevalence of 6.01%. Patients who developed CNP were a significantly older median age (54 years vs. 46 years, p = 0.002), abused alcohol (29% vs. 8%, p &amp;lt; 0.001), abused substances (31% vs. 9%, p &amp;lt; 0.001), were current daily smokers (73% vs. 33%, p &amp;lt; 0.001), suffered more full-thickness burns (58% vs. 43%, p &amp;lt; 0.001), greater median percent of total body surface area (%TBSA) burns (6 vs. 3.5, p &amp;lt; 0.001), were more often intubated on mechanical ventilation (33% vs. 14%, p &amp;lt; 0.001), greater median number of surgeries (2 vs. 0, p &amp;lt; 0.001) and longer median hospital length of stay (LOS) (10 days vs. 3 days, p &amp;lt; 0.001), compared to those who did not develop CNP, respectively. Median patient follow-up was 27 months. Conclusions The prevalence of CNP over 5 years was 6.01% in the burn center. Older ages, alcohol abuse, substance abuse, current daily smoking, greater percent of total body surface area (%TBSA) burns, third degree burns, being intubated on mechanical ventilation, having more surgeries and longer hospital LOS were associated with developing CNP following burn injury, compared to patients who did not develop CNP following burn injury.

Topic: Burn Injury Management and Outcomes
Subfield: Epidemiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
&lt;title&gt;Tellurium antisites in CdZnTe&lt;/title&gt;

The n-type conduction of CdTe and Cd<SUB>0.96</SUB>Zn<SUB>0.04</SUB>Te crystals grown from melts with excess tellurium indicates that the origin of the donors with an energy level at 0.01 eV below the conduction band are most likely singly ionized tellurium antisites instead of cadmium interstitials. Based on this model, the deep level at 0.75 eV below the conduction band is therefore doubly ionized tellurium antisites. After increasing the zinc content over 7%, CdZnTe turns to p-type. The conduction type variation of CdZnTe crystals as a function of zinc contents is explained by the compensation between the donors of Te-antisites and the acceptors of Cd vacancies. High resitivity Cd<SUB>0.9</SUB>Zn<SUB>0.1</SUB>Te crystals are produced by compensating the p-type crystals with indium at a low doping level of 1- 5x10<SUP>15</SUP> cm<SUP>-3</SUP>. At room temperature, the high yield CdZnTe radiation detectors can resolve the six low energy peaks from the Am<SUP>241</SUP> source, a performance comparable to the best reported CdZnTe detectors.

Topic: Advanced Semiconductor Detectors and Materials
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Observation on the anatomy of the proboscis and of the ductus nasopalatinus and ductus vomeronasalis of Solenodon paradoxus Brandt, 1833.

Solenodon paradoxus possesses a proboscis-like, elongated rostrum which is very motile. The rhinarium is remarkable because of its distinctly developed sulci limitantes, sulcus medianus rhinarii, and postnarial hairless integumental pads topographically similar to the crenated folds found in Setifer and Echinops. Rhinarial glands are also present. The sulcus medianus proboscidis (rhinarii) is continuous with the vestibulum oris. Integumental folds affixing the upper lips to the gum are absent, as are the labial part of the sulcus rhinarii and the sulcus papillae palatinae. The anatomical condition of the proboscis and the anterior part of the palate cannot be considered primitive in a phylogenetic sense, because it is essentially different from the situation found in Didelphys, Tupaia, and the lemuriform primates. The vomeronasal organ is in direct communication with the nasal cavity; there is no communication with the ductus nasopalatinus or with the oral cavity. In contrast to Didelphys, Tupaia, and the prosimians so far studied, the nasal cavity opens directly through the nasopalatine duct into the oral cavity proper. These differences are likely to be of taxonomic and phylogenetic significance, although definite conclusions in this regard should not be drawn until the respective conditions of the other insectivores have been studied.

Topic: Marine animal studies overview
Subfield: Ecology
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Heidegger’s Reading of Descartes’ Dualism

The problem of traditional epistemology is the relation of subject to external world. The distinction between subject and object makes possible the distinction between the knower and what is known. Starting with Descartes, the subject is a thinking thing that is not extended, and the object is an extended thing which does not think. Heidegger rejects this distinction between subject and object by arguing that there is no subject distinct from the external world of things because Dasein is essentially Being-in-the-world. Heidegger challenges the Cartesian legacy in epistemology in two ways. First, there is the modern tendency toward subjectivism and individualism that started with Descartes' discovery of the 'cogito.' Second, there is the technological orientation of the modern world that originated in the Cartesian understanding of the mathematical and external physical world.

Topic: Philosophy, Ethics, and Existentialism
Subfield: Philosophy
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
The local impacts of automation in Canada

Despite positive labour market trends over the past decades, the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic crisis poses new and unexpected challenges to labour markets in Canada, with some places likely to be hit harder than others. The pandemic could also accelerate automation in the workplace, as firms seek to replace the production of goods and services with machines. This chapter highlights the potential threats and opportunities posed by automation with a special focus on regions within the Province of Ontario, Canada's largest economy and most populous province. It highlights places that have the highest risk of being impacted by automation as well as which types of jobs are most at risk.

Topic: Regional resilience and development
Subfield: Economics and Econometrics
Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance
Domain: Social Sciences
A panel cointegration study of the Euro effect on trade

Bun and Klaassen (2007) investigate the impact of the introduction of Euro on bilateral trade. Accounting for deterministic trends in the residuals of the gravity equation they estimate an Euro effect of about 3%, smaller than previous estimates in the range of 5% to 40%. In this paper we revisit their data using methods recently advanced in the analysis of non-stationary panel data with cross-sectional dependence. Using several panel unit root tests we find strong evidence that (the log of) bilateral trade, as well as the product of GDP and GDP per capita have unit roots. However, we find cointegration between these variables using the cointegration test of Gengenbach, Palm and Urbain (2006) and the error correction tests proposed by Gengenbach, Westerlund and Urbain (2008). Employing the common correlated effects (CCEP) estimator of Pesaran (2006) and the continuously updated (CUP) estimator of Bai, Kao and Ng (2009), we obtain estimates of the cointegrating vector and estimates of the Euro effect on bilateral trade. Our estimates vary between models and estimators but seem to support the findings of Bun and Klaassen (2007).

Topic: Monetary Policy and Economic Impact
Subfield: General Economics, Econometrics and Finance
Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance
Domain: Social Sciences
Short-wave diathermy as adjunctive treatment in the rehabilitation management of wrist fractures: a retrospective case-control study

BACKGROUND: Distal radius fracture is a common wrist injury that may lead to upper limb disability. Some rehabilitative protocols based on physical therapy and adjunctive modalities have been proposed to manage this condition. Even if short-wave diathermy is an effective adjunctive physical modality for orthopedic disability, to date no previous study dealt with its use on patients with wrist fractures. So, the aim of this preliminary case-control study was to evaluate the role of short-wave diathermy as adjunctive treatment for the rehabilitation of distal radius fracture. METHODS: We retrospectively included 30 adults with distal radius fractures who received orthopedic treatment. All participants underwent twelve, 60-minute treatment sessions, 3 days/week for 4 consecutive weeks. Case group received short-wave diathermy, conventional arm training and occupational therapy. Control group performed conventional arm training and occupational therapy. All patients were evaluated before, immediately after treatment and at 4 weeks of follow-up. Primary outcomes were the Patient-Rated Wrist/Hand Evaluation and swelling (circumferential tape measure). RESULTS: The Patient-Rated Wrist/Hand Evaluation showed a significant difference between groups at the follow-up (P=0.036). As to swelling, significant differences between groups were found after treatment as to the wrist (P=0.002) and distal arm (P=0.008) circumferences, as well as significant differences between groups were found at the follow-up as to the wrist (P=0.003), mid (P=0.040) and proximal (P=0.021) forearm, proximal (P=0.027) and distal (P=0.013) arm circumferences. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings support the hypothesis that short-wave diathermy might be a useful adjunctive treatment for the rehabilitation of patients with distal radius fracture.

Topic: Orthopedic Surgery and Rehabilitation
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Semantic Relatedness In RDF Knowledge Graphs

These data refer to the benchmarking of 10 methods for computing semantic similarity applied to 13 golden datasets. The 10 addressed methods are: - Wikipedia Link-based Measure (WLM ) [Witten and Milne, 2008]; - Linked Open Data Description Overlap-based approach (LODDO) [Zhou et al. 2012] - Linked Data Semantic Distance (LDSD) [Passant, 2010] - Linked Data Semantic Distance with Global Normalization (PLDSDGN) [Piao and Breslin, 2016] - Propagated Linked Data Semantic Distance (PLDSD) [Alfarhood et al. 2017] - Information Content-based approach [Schuhmacher and Ponzetto, 2014] - REWOrD [Pirrò, 2012] - Exclusivity-based [Hulpuş et al 2015] - ASRMP [El vaigh et al. 2020] - Proximity-based [Leal, 2013] The 13 golden datasets are: Atlasify240, B0, B1, GM30, MTurk287, R122, RG65, MC30, KORE-IT, KORE-HW, KORE-VG, KORE-TV, KORE-CN In the experimentation, two DBpedia knowledge grapsh have been considered, i.e., with and without the dbo:wikiPageWikiLink links.

Topic: Semantic Web and Ontologies
Subfield: Artificial Intelligence
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Solving Two Stage Stochastic Programming Problems Using ADMM

<title>Abstract</title> In this paper, we have dealt with the solution of a two-stage stochastic programming problem using ADMM. We have formulated the problem into a deterministic three-block separable optimization problem, and then we applied ADMM to solve it. We have established the theoretical convergence of ADMM to the optimal solution based on the concept of lower semicontinuity and the Kurdyka-Lojasiewicz property. We have compared ADMM with Progressive Hedging in terms of performance criteria using five benchmark problems from the literature. The comparison shows that ADMM outperforms Progressive Hedging.

Topic: Risk and Portfolio Optimization
Subfield: Management Science and Operations Research
Field: Decision Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Relevance of mannosyglycerate and trehalose accumulation in the osmoadaptation of Thermus thermophilus

Tese de doutoramento em Biologia (Microbiologia) apresentada à Fac. Ciências e Tecnologia da Univ. Coimbra

Topic: Protist diversity and phylogeny
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Stars to the State and Beyond: Globalization, Identity, and Asian Popular Music

Popular music is a dynamic portal through which to gain a greater understanding of a vast array of social phenomena within Asia. In particular, the power of pop to actively shape conceptions of self and inform the ways in which we interact with others at the individual, communal, and even national and transnational levels has taken center stage, but understanding just how these identities are formed through the performance of popular music is quite complex in the current global moment. Through comparison of recent scholarship covering diverse types of popular music throughout Asia, this article explores how identity formation is informed by an increasingly nuanced understanding of globalization. Moving from a most intimate sense to broad transnational and inter-ethnic contexts, it not only expands the concept of identity in Asia, but also reveals how the study of popular music in general can illuminate other social issues important to Asianists.

Topic: Asian Culture and Media Studies
Subfield: Cultural Studies
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Mechanism of Health Care Restructuring in the Kamigoto District, Nagasaki Prefecture

This study discusses the health care system in the Kamigoto District, Nagasaki Prefecture, which is an isolated island and is treated as a disadvantaged area. The study considers the behavior of each health-related actor inside and outside of the region according to the way in which the actor seeks rationality and equitability.

Topic: Migration, Aging, and Tourism Studies
Subfield: Demography
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Crystallography, geometry and physics in higher dimensions. VII. The different types of symbols of the 371 mono-incommensurate superspace groups

The 371 four-dimensional superspace symmetry groups for the mono-incommensurate modulated structures have been classified with different but equivalent notations by de Wolff, Janner & Janssen (WJJ) and Weigel, Phan & Veysseyre (WPV). The exact correspondence between the two types of symbols and examples of physical modulated structures are given in this paper.

Topic: Solid-state spectroscopy and crystallography
Subfield: Materials Chemistry
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Prevalence of Tooth Loss in A Community in The South-West of Nigeria

ABSTRACT Aim The aim of this study was to determine the pattern and prevalence of tooth loss amongst community dwelling adults in a suburban area of Lagos. Methods A questionnaire based study was carried out in a community in Lagos, Nigeria. Causes, pattern and factors affecting tooth loss were elucidated. Result Prevalence of adults with at least one missing tooth was 33.6%. More than half (64.1%) of the respondents had lost their teeth for more than 5 years. Tooth loss (42.3%) was more in the lower posterior region. There was a significant association of tooth loss to increasing age, previous visit to the dentist and gender. The males had 38.7% tooth loss in the anterior region while females had more tooth loss in the posterior region. Conclusion Prevalence of tooth loss was high. Tooth loss was more in the males. A higher percentage of tooth loss was found amongst the elderly.

Topic: Dental Health and Care Utilization
Subfield: Periodontics
Field: Dentistry
Domain: Health Sciences
Early Diagnosis: Ultra‐Early Diagnosis of Acute Myocardial Infarction in Rats Using Ultrasound Imaging of Hollow Double‐Layer Silica Nanospheres (Adv. Healthcare Mater. 3/2020)

Timely diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) strongly impacts the survival rate of patients. In article number 1901155, Yuanjiang Pan, Daoquan Tang, and co-workers report the development of a two-shell hollow silica contrast agent useful for ultrasound (US) imaging, which is able to provide ultra-early diagnosis of AMI.

Topic: Ultrasound and Hyperthermia Applications
Subfield: Biomedical Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Synthesis of Enantioenriched 3‐Amino‐3‐Substituted Oxindoles by Stereoselective Mannich Reaction Catalyzed by Supported Bifunctional Thioureas.

Abstract Enantioenriched 3‐amino‐3‐substituted oxindoles have been obtained by addition of different nucleophiles to N ‐Boc ketimines derived from isatin catalyzed by chiral bifunctional supported thioureas. The Mannich reaction occurs with excellent enantioselection, but poor diastereoselection when prochiral nucleophiles were used. The supported catalyst were recovered and reused for five times without loss of activity. The mixture of diastereoisomers formed when a prochiral structure was used as nucleophile was converted into a single enantioenriched pyrazolyl derivative. magnified image

Topic: Asymmetric Synthesis and Catalysis
Subfield: Organic Chemistry
Field: Chemistry
Domain: Physical Sciences
A functional genomics approach identifies novel genes involved in steroid-hormove induced programmed cell death in Drosophila

Programmed Cell death (PCD) is a highly conserved and genetically controlled event that plays important roles in animal development, homeostasis and disease. Our first objective was to discover and characterize new genes involved in PCD. Since many PCD genes are conserved in Drosophila, and steroid-induced PCD of larval salivary glands (SGs) is transcriptionally regulated with features of both apoptosis and autophagy, we used this exceptionally well-suited in vivo system and performed Serial Analysis of Gene Expression (SAGE) in three pre-death stages. SAGE identified 1244 expressed transcripts, including genes involved in autophagy, apoptosis, immunity, cytoskeleton remodeling, and proteolysis. Of the 1244 transcripts, 463 transcripts belonged to knownlpredicted genes and were 5-fold differentially expressed prior to cell death. Next, we investigated the role of differentially expressed genes from SAGE, in cell death or cell survival, by RNA interference (RNAi ) in l(2)mbn haemocyte Drosophila cells. l(2)mbn cells undergo morphological changes in response to ecdysone treatment, and ultimately undergo PCD. We used cell viability, cell morphology, and apoptosis assays to identify the death-related genes and determined their ecdysone dependency and function in cell death regulation. Our RNAi screen identified six new pro-death related genes, including SH3PXJ and Soxl4, and 21 new pro-survival genes including SoxN. Identification of Soxl4 as pro-death and SoxN as pro-survival suggests that these Sox box proteins may have opposing roles in ecdysone-mediated cell death. Our final objective was to elucidate the function of CG409], a Drosophila homologue of human TNF-alpha induced proteins 8 (TNFAIP8) we identified from SAGE. We created loss-of-function and overexpression mutants of CG4091 to study gene function in vivo and employed immunoprecipitation and mass-spectrometry assays to identify proteins interacting with CG409] in vitro. We identified two proteins that are involved in n-fatty acid oxidation and several cytoskeletal proteins as interaction partners. Immunofluorescence based assays in vivo and in vitro revealed that CG409] is necessary for cytoskeletal remodeling. Further, defects in CG4091 expression affect cellular functions such as autophagy and lipid metabolism/trafficking that require an intact cytoskeleton. Together, our studies provided new insights into the molecular mechanisms involved in Drosophila SG cell death.

Topic: Genetics, Aging, and Longevity in Model Organisms
Subfield: Aging
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences