jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Ginsenoside Rg2 Attenuates Aging-Induced Liver Injury via Inhibiting Caspase 8-Mediated Pyroptosis, Apoptosis and Modulating Gut Microbiota

Aging is an irresistible natural law of the progressive decline of body molecules, organs, and overall function with the passage of time, resulting in eventual death. World Health Organization data show that aging is correlated with a wide range of common chronic diseases in the elderly, and is an essential driver of many diseases. Panax Ginseng C.A Meyer is an ancient herbal medicine, which has an effect of “long service, light weight, and longevity” recorded in the ancient Chinese medicine book “Compendium of Materia Medica.” Ginsenoside Rg2, the main active ingredient of ginseng, also exerts a marked effect on the treatment of liver injury. However, it remains unclear whether Rg2 has the potential to ameliorate aging-induced liver injury. Hence, exploring the hepatoprotective properties of Rg2 and its possible molecular mechanism by Senescence Accelerate Mouse Prone 8 (SAMP8) and gut microbiota. Our study demonstrated that Rg2 can inhibit pyroptosis and apoptosis through caspase 8, and regulate the gut-liver axis to alleviate liver inflammation by changing the composition of gut microbiota, thus improving aging-induced liver injury. These findings provide theoretical support for the pharmacological effects of ginsenosides in delaying aging-induced liver injury.

Topic: Ginseng Biological Effects and Applications
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Tinnitus: a vision for research

Tinnitus is classically defined as the perception of sound that has no external source. It was assumed to be primarily a disorder of the ear and has been linked to mechanisms equivalent to phantom pain; a pain sensation located to a no longer existing part of the body. Phantom pain is closely correlated with a cortical plasticity and with a reorganization of the somatosensory cortex. The end result is an alteration of neuronal activity, leading to tinnitus. Over the past decade, however, research on brain mechanisms of tinnitus has progressed rapidly, and insights have emerged into the possible neurological origins of tinnitus without any auditory dysfunction.&#13;\nIdentification of the neuroscience of tinnitus could provide clear targets for the pharmacological control of the handicap condition.

Topic: Hearing, Cochlea, Tinnitus, Genetics
Subfield: Sensory Systems
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences
Particular aspects in patients with paraneoplastic deep vein thrombosis: from a shadowy diagnosis to a routinely met pathology

A ROUTINELY MET PATHOLO-GY (Abstract).The oncological patient presents many pathophysiological particularities, including a hypercoagulable state, which causes frequent thromboembolic complications.Furthermore, the side effects of chemotherapy, laborious surgical interventions and the poor pe rformance status favor the occurrence of deep vein thrombosis (DVT).The aim of this retrospective study is to identify the prevalence of paraneoplastic DVT in patients admitted in the Cardiology Department of the "Sf.Spiridon" County Clinical Emergency Hospital from Iași and to establish the correlations between the DVT, type of neoplasia and certain particularities of the patients.Material and methods: The current retrospective study was conducted over a two-year period and enrolled 100 patients divided into two groups based on the presence or absence of a neoplasia (25 patients having a tumoral pathology and 75 patients without such a comorbidity).All study participants underwent a complete clinical examination and were a ssessed through biochemical and echocardiographic parameters.Results: Various tumor locations were identified in the 25 patients with a malignancy, the most prevalent being the col orectal cancer (6 cases, 24% of total), followed by the lung cancer (4 cases, 16%) and, with a similar occurrence, the brain, ovarian and breast cancer (2 cases each, 8%).Among the patients with neoplasia, 13 had a history of cancer (52% of cases from the neoplasia group), while for the remaining 12 patients it was a de novo diagnosis.Conclusions: Patients with DVT showed a significant cancer prevalence, either previously diagnosed or incidentally discovered.The increased risk of DVT in cancer patients is multifactorial and represents a diagnosis and ther apeutic challenge.In our study, we recorded a slightly increased prevalence of cancer in wo men (56% vs. 44%), who had cervical cancer as the most common etiology (35.7%).On the other hand, male sex was associated with an increased frequency of colorectal cancer (36.4% of all cancers diagnosed in men), followed by lung cancer (27.3%).

Topic: Venous Thromboembolism Diagnosis and Management
Subfield: Internal Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Seismic And Meteorological Records From Trakarding-Trambau Glacier System, Nepal Himalaya (October 21 - November 9, 2017)

The following geophysical field data (collected between October 21 and November 9, 2017) at Trakarding-Trambau Glacier system in Nepal Himalaya is provided in this dataset: (1) Hourly air-temperature measured at four sites (AWS, T1, T2 and T3). Units are degrees Celcius. Local time. [file name] Hourly_Air_temperature_AWS_T1_T2_T3_degC.csv (2) Hourly wind speed measured at the AWS site. Units are meters per second. Local time. [file name] Hourly_Wind_speed_AWS_MperS.csv The aforementioned stations had the following dGPS-derived coordinates: {Station, lat [deg], lon [deg], elevation [m] } AWS, 27.84356265, 86.4867231, 4805.582206 T1, 27.84575824, 86.49189978, 4591.4429 T2, 27.82976456, 86.51989785, 4768.8465 T3, 27.855872, 86.531197, 5390.48 (3) Raw seismic data (vertical component) recorded at five locations (DAM, C1, C2, C3, and C4) by four data-loggers (AKX, AKS, AKT, AKU) with a sampling frequency of 400 Hz. The file format (*.pri0) corresponds to a standard [.mseed]-format. Units are counts representing velocity. UTC time. The aforementioned stations had the following dGPS-derived coordinates: {StationName-Logger, lat [deg], lon [deg], elevation [m] } DAM-AKX, 27.870954, 86.463243, 4375.030762 C1-AKS, 27.84546885, 86.49247316, 4594.0462 C2-AKT, 27.82939476, 86.52001441, 4777.5211 C3-AKU, 27.83593425, 86.53248327, 5288.3311 C4-AKX, 27.87962877, 86.542076, 5555.2085

Topic: Landslides and related hazards
Subfield: Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Comparative Analysis of English and Uzbek Proverbs on the Basis of the Concept of Labour/Mehnat

<em>In recent years, a number of studies have been focused on the conceptual understandings and usage of one or another linguistic notions in different languages. Yet, relatively few studies explore how concept of “Labour” comparing English with Uzbek is verbalized. The goal of this study is to investigate the concept of “Labour” in Uzbek and English languages and the ways of its presentation in proverbs. Results showed significant similarities between perception and realization of the concept in Uzbek and English. Moreover, differences are found in the usage of vocabulary to describe the concept because of cultural aspect. </em>

Topic: Education, Innovation and Language Studies
Subfield: Education
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Data from Dietary Soy Effects on Mammary Gland Development during the Pubertal Transition in Nonhuman Primates

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;While epidemiologic studies suggest that soy intake early in life may reduce breast cancer risk, there are also concerns that exposure to soy isoflavones during childhood may alter pubertal development and hormonal profiles. Here, we assessed the effect of a high-soy diet on pubertal breast development, sex hormones, and growth in a nonhuman primate model. Pubertal female cynomolgus monkeys were randomized to receive a diet modeled on a typical North American diet with one of two protein sources for approximately 4.5 years: (i) casein/lactalbumin (CL, &lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 12, as control) or (ii) soy protein isolate with a human equivalent dose of 120 mg/d isoflavones (SOY, &lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 17), which is comparable to approximately four servings of soy foods. Pubertal exposure to the SOY diet did not alter onset of menarche, indicators of growth and pubertal progression, or circulating estradiol and progesterone concentrations. Greater endometrial area was seen in the SOY group on the first of four postmenarchal ultrasound measurements (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.05). There was a subtle effect of diet on breast differentiation whereby the SOY group showed higher numbers of differentiated large-sized lobular units and a lower proportion with immature ducts following menarche (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.05). Numbers of small lobules and terminal end buds and mammary epithelial cell proliferation did not differ by diet. Expression of progesterone receptor was lower in immature lobules of soy-fed animals (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.05). Our findings suggest that consumption of soy starting before menarche may result in modest effects consistent with a more differentiated breast phenotype in adulthood. &lt;i&gt;Cancer Prev Res; 6(8); 832–42. ©2013 AACR&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

Topic: Phytoestrogen effects and research
Subfield: Pathology and Forensic Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Tat protein protects lymphoid, epithelial, and neuronal cell lines from death by apoptosis.

We report here that the tat gene product of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 was able to protect lymphoblastoid (Jurkat), epithelial (293) and neuronal (PC12) cell lines from apoptotic death induced by serum withdrawal. The rescue from apoptosis by Tat was reflected by an increased expression of Bcl-2 protein in tat-positive Jurkat cells with respect to mock-transfected Jurkat cells after 3-6 days of serum-free cultures. We propose that the ability of the regulatory human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Tat protein to suppress apoptosis might have important implications in understanding the pathogenesis of frequent neoplastic disorders observed in human immunodeficiency virus type 1-seropositive individuals.

Topic: RNA Interference and Gene Delivery
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Use of a translocation and a recessive deleterious gene to retard population growth in Blattella germanica (L.)

Successive releases of male German cockroaches heterozygous for the translocation T(8;9) and the recessive deleterious gene sty were made into laboratory populations of Blattella germanica to study the effect of this genetic load on population growth. \n\nFive experimental populations and one control were followed by monthly census for eight months. Individual progeny groups were held in separate containers. Various aspects of reproductive behavior of different genotypes were evaluated in separate experiments including fecundity, competitiveness and assortative mating. Linkage between T(8;9) and sty was also measured. \n\nThe translocation T(8;9) and sty were successfully introduced into the experimental populations by the introduction of heterozygous males. Experimental populations were only 50% the size of the control at the F₁ generation and only 25% as large by the F₂ generation. At the F₃ generation, experimental populations were only 15.4% as large as the control. Cross connected contingency table analyses of population data showed a significant retardation of population growth from releases of T(8;9) sty males. T(8;9) provided a successful mechanism for driving the deleterious gene, sty, into the normal segment of the population. The frequency of sty/sty females in F₂ groups was predicted at 0.20. Observed frequencies approached the expected frequency at 0.11 to 0.22. This deleterious gene provided additional genetic load by reducing possible F₃ progeny by approximately 15%. Linkage tests of T(8;9) with sty showed cross-over frequencies of less than 1% for both males and females. \n\nResults were less than optimum due to the following: a possible reduction in competitiveness of released males; higher than expected fecundity in the sty· homozygote female; possible shift in the frequency of alternate disjunction in T(8;9) sty heterozygote males; possible assortative mating between non-translocation bearing wildtype males and T+/+sty females in the population as well as T+/+sty males and non-translocation bearing wild-type females; fewer T+/+sty males and more sty males released than planned due to phenotyping errors in larger releases. \n\nLaboratory studies of the reproductive behavior of three genotypes involved in the experimental populations evaluated competitiveness among males, initial productivity, maximum number of matings per male, and assessed the prospect of assortative mating among the genotypes. Competitiveness of the T+/+sty males in small number tests was consistently better than wild-type males but in later assessments by mass mating and population studies, they demonstrated equal competitiveness with wild-type males. A statistically significant tendency toward assortative mating between VPI wild-type males and T+/+sty females was observed. The feasibility of techniques for mass rearing of semi-sterile males for releases of up to 10,000 males per month was demonstrated.

Topic: Insects and Parasite Interactions
Subfield: Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Pavlović (Srdja), Balkan Anschluss. The Annexation of Montenegro and the Creation of the Common South Slavic State

S. Pavlovic, politologue, co-fondateur de Spaces of Identity (revue en ligne), s’intéresse aux prémices de l’inclusion du Monténégro dans le Royaume des Serbes, Croates et Slovènes. Il y dresse une vision critique de l’histoire politique et identitaire de la population du Royaume du Monténégro à la fin XIXème et au début XXème siècle. Dès l’introduction, il affirme que le droit à l’autodétermination, principe à la base des compromis qui ont participé à la création des États post-impériaux de ...

Topic: Balkans: History, Politics, Society
Subfield: Cultural Studies
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Structure Conditions under Progressively Added Information

It has been understood that the "local" existence of the Markowitz optimal portfolio or the solution to the local-risk minimization problem is guaranteed by some specific mathematical structures on the underlying assets' price processes known in the literature as "structure conditions." In this paper, we consider a semimartingale market model and an arbitrary random time. This random time may model the default time of a firm, the death time of an insured, or any occurrence time of an event that might somehow impact the market model. By adding additional uncertainty to the market model via this random time, the structure conditions may fail, and hence the Markowitz optimal portfolio and other quadratic-optimal portfolios might fail to exist. Our aim is to investigate the impact of this random time on the structure conditions from different perspectives. Our analysis allows us to conclude that under some mild assumptions on the market model and the random time, the structure conditions remain valid on the one hand. Furthermore, we provide two examples illustrating the importance of these assumptions. On the other hand, we describe the random time models such that these structure conditions are preserved for any market model. These results are elaborated separately for the two contexts of stopping with the random time and incorporating totally a specific class of random times, respectively.

Topic: Stochastic processes and financial applications
Subfield: Finance
Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance
Domain: Social Sciences
Supplementary Figure 1 from Caveolin-1 Reduces Osteosarcoma Metastases by Inhibiting c-Src Activity and Met Signaling

Supplementary Figure 1 from Caveolin-1 Reduces Osteosarcoma Metastases by Inhibiting c-Src Activity and Met Signaling

Topic: Caveolin-1 and cellular processes
Subfield: Cell Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
LHD LHDGAUSS_RAY_MWRM4 #166696.1 (analyzed)

Ray trajectories for microwave reflectometry (mwrm) at set4 point obtained using ray-tracing code LHDGauss.

Topic: DNA and Nucleic Acid Chemistry
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
“Pathogens and Immunological Basis” Teaching Experience of Higher Vocational Nursing Major

The objective is to explore appropriate ways to further improve the teaching of basic medical course pathogens and immunological basis. The method is starting from textbooks, students, classroom and other aspects, to promote teaching reform. The results are to finish the optimization of teaching classes and textbooks; starting from students, using appropriate teaching methods, duly supplemented by multimedia teaching, to improve the quality of teaching.

Topic: Ideological and Political Education
Subfield: Education
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
A Terrain Elevation Map Generation Method Based on Self-Attention Mechanism and Multifeature Sketch

To address the issues of low efficiency in manual terrain feature map annotating and poor realism in terrain elevation map generation, this paper proposes a terrain elevation map generation method based on self-attention mechanism and multifeature sketch. Firstly, the proposed method extracts features from a terrain elevation map using an adaptive feature enhancement method. Afterwards, our method adds a self-attention mechanism to the generator and discriminator of conditional generative adversarial network to capture the global spatial features and generates a realistic terrain elevation map. Finally, a level of detail method is used to visualize the three-dimensional terrain, and an interactive terrain editing tool for roaming interaction is implemented. Experimental data show that the proposed method performs well in subjective visual performance and objective criteria and has obvious advantages over other current typical methods.

Topic: Computer Graphics and Visualization Techniques
Subfield: Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
The Effect of Hyperlipidemia as a Risk Factor on Postoperative Complications in Patients Undergoing Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion

Study Design: Retrospective cohort study. Objective: To analyze the effect of hyperlipidemia (HLD) on postoperative complications in patients who underwent anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF). Summary of Background Data: ACDF represents the standard procedure performed for focal anterior nerve root or spinal cord compression with low complication rates. HLD is well known as a risk factor for major complications after vascular and transplant surgery, and orthopedic surgery. To date, there have been no studies on HLD as a risk factor for cervical spine surgery. Patients and Methods: Patients who underwent ACDF from 2010 through quarter 3 of 2020 were enrolled using the MSpine subset of the PearlDiver Patient Record Database. The patients were divided into single-level ACDF and multilevel ACDF groups. In addition, each group was divided into subgroups according to the presence or absence of HLD. The incidence of surgical and medical complications was queried using relevant International Classification of Disease and Current Procedural Terminology codes. Charlson Comorbidity Index was used as a broad measure of comorbidity. χ 2 analysis, with populations matched for age, sex, and Charlson Comorbidity Index, was performed. Results: A total of 24,936 patients who underwent single-level ACDF and 26,921 patients who underwent multilevel ACDF were included. In the multilevel ACDF group, wound complications were significantly higher in the patients with HLD. Among medical complications, myocardial infarction, renal failure, and urinary tract infection/urinary incontinence were significantly higher in the patients with HLD in both groups. Revision surgery and readmission were significantly higher in the patients with HLD who underwent multilevel ACDF. Conclusions: In patients who underwent ACDF, several surgical and medical complications were found to be higher in patients with HLD than in patients without HLD. Preoperative serum lipid concentration levels and management of HLD should be considered during preoperative planning to prevent postoperative complications in patients undergoing ACDF.

Topic: Spine and Intervertebral Disc Pathology
Subfield: Pathology and Forensic Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Generation of Mouse Models of Cancer Using Transposon‐Mediated Approaches

Cancer genomes harbour a formidable genetic heterogeneity that makes determining the genes involved in tumour development or therapeutic response challenging. Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) transposon systems have enabled the development of a new generation of mouse models to help tackle this complex situation. These transposon-based genetically engineered mouse models of cancer have provided a powerful tool for cancer gene discovery, complementing genomic studies in human tumour specimens that have been accomplished during the past 15 years. In addition, the high gene delivery efficiency of DNA transposons has been used to generate reverse genetic mouse models of cancer in order to study the function of specific cancer genes. Overall, DNA transposons have reinforced and advanced the study of cancer pathogenesis, unveiling cancer promoting mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets. Key Concepts Cancer genomes harbour a complex genetic landscape. Mouse models of cancer have extensively contributed to the understanding of the tumour pathogenesis. Transposon-based mouse models of cancer provide a powerful tool for cancer gene discovery. Sleeping Beauty and piggyBac transposon systems are complementary. DNA transposons allow the functional validation of cancer genes in vivo .

Topic: Virus-based gene therapy research
Subfield: Genetics
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences