jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
The occurrence of fungi along the Red Sea coast and variability among isolates of Fusarium as revealed by isozyme analysis

Nineteen identified species which belong to nine fungal genera were recovered from 14 samples collected from different sites of the Red Sea governorate. The aquatic fungal genera were Allomyces, Dictyuchus, Saprolegnia and Pythium while, the terrestrial fungal genera were Aspergillus, Penicillium, Fusarium, Neurospora and Rhizopus. Aspergillus was the most frequent genus, represented by seven species, of which A. niger, A. flavus and A. ustus were the most common. Penicillum was of occurred less frequently and was represented by two species, while Fusarium was isolated unfre-quently and contributed four species. The remaining genera were unfrequent or rare and were each represented by one species. In addition, two electrophoretic isozyme patterns, esterase and glutamate oxalate transaminase (GOT), were determined to measure variability among 10 isolates of Fusarium. The results revealed that the tested fungi differed from each other in one or more esterase bands, except that F. moniliforme isolated from Safaga and from 40 Kilometers south of El-Kaussier yielded similar banding pattern. The activity of GOT was observed in the samples of F. solani and F. oxysporum and not detected in other isolates of Fusarium. The results indicated that F. solani differed from F. oxysporum in the isozymes of GOT, while no differences were observed between the isolated of the same species.

Topic: Plant Pathogens and Fungal Diseases
Subfield: Cell Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
The ecological perspective of sport and sustainable development

Abstract To date, we have not resolved the climate issues that impact sport and society. This chapter promotes the groundwork (as illustrated in a plethora of examples presented) and builds on successes to further climate action within all aspects of sport. The discussion opens with an overview of our climate issue and its impacts on sport. It then turns to the development of partnerships in the process of mitigating and managing the problem. Many effective diverse partnerships that have aided in promoting awareness of – and action for – safeguarding our climate are outlined. Finally, the chapter pushes for those in sport to continuously seek additional partnerships to aid in the ongoing pursuit of successful climate action. Overall, sport is positioned well to illustrate how to advance climate action and successfully safeguard the natural environment for sport and society. Readers are encouraged to contemplate sport in their local area and the types of partnerships generated to aid climate action.

Topic: Biological and pharmacological studies of plants
Subfield: Pharmacology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Relationships between H-2 Region and surface characteristics of mouse spleen cells.

The purpose of this investigation was to study whether allelic variations at the H-2 region which induce differences in the peptide composition of some glycoproteins of cell surface, also induce variations in electrical charges at the cell membrane. The surface charge was assessed by the electrophoretic mobility of the cell. Tests with different congenic strains were undertaken on spleen cells which were assumed to contain two major lymphocyte populations with different surface charge. The data show that the mean electrophoretic mobility of the low mobility lymphocytes was independent of the strain. By contrast, some H-2 haplotypes give 8% difference in surface charge of high mobility lymphocytes. These results suggest that the H-2 region plays a role in the regulation of ionized groups of cell surface in some but not all populations of spleen lymphocytes. The high and low mobility lymphocyte populations are assumed to represent T and B lymphocytes, respectively. The proportions of T lymphocytes obtained with electrophoretic marker were higher than those observed in other strains with currently available markers. It is suggested that the high mobility population contains T and "null" lymphocytes. Moreover, the data show that the H-2 region controls the relative proportions of T (or T and "null") and B lymphocytes, the H-2s specificity inducing a B/T ratio different from that induced by other specificities.

Topic: Infant Nutrition and Health
Subfield: Nutrition and Dietetics
Field: Nursing
Domain: Health Sciences
Are the promnestic effects of neurokinin 3 receptor mediated by hippocampal neurogenesis in a Aβ‐induced rat model of Alzheimer's disease?

Abstract Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an age‐related neurodegenerative disorder characterised by cognitive dysfunction, memory loss and mood changes. Hippocampal neurogenesis has been suggested to play a role in learning and memory. Neurokinin 3 receptor (NK3R) has been shown to be prevalent in the hippocampus region. The aim of the project was to investigate the role of hippocampal neurogenesis in the promnestic effects of NK3R agonist administration in an amyloid beta‐induced AD rat model. Wistar albino rats were divided into control, Alzheimer, NK3R agonist and Alzheimer + NK3R agonist groups. The open field (OF) test and Morris water maze (MWM) test were performed for locomotor activity and memory analysis. Peptide gene expression levels (Nestin, DCX, Neuritin, MASH1, Neun, BDNF) were analysed by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR). In the OF test, the group–time relationship was found to be statistically different in the parameters of distance travelled and percentage of movement ( p &lt; 0.05). In MWM, the time to reach the platform and the time spent in the target quadrant were statistically significant between the groups ( p &lt; 0.05). Statistically significant differences were observed in gene expression levels (Nestin, DCX, Neuritin, MASH1) in the hippocampal tissue of rats between the groups ( p &lt; 0.05). NK3 receptor agonism favourably affected hippocampal neurogenesis in AD model rats. It was concluded that NK3 receptor agonism in the hippocampus, which is the first affected region in the physiopathology of AD, may be effective in both the formation of neural precursor cells and the reduction of neuronal degeneration. The positive effect of NK3R on cognitive functions may be mediated by hippocampal neurogenesis.

Topic: Neurogenesis and neuroplasticity mechanisms
Subfield: Developmental Neuroscience
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences
Effect of particle size of Sargassum fusiforme residue powder on sugar-free cookies properties

After being ground and sifted, three different types of SFR powder with varying particle sizes were obtained, and their chemical composition and physical properties were investigated. The soluble dietary fiber increased from 13.15% to 27.17% as the particle size decreased from 470.42 μm for SFR-850 to 10.09 μm for SFR-75, while the insoluble dietary fiber decreased from 66.92% to 34.72%. Water holding capacity, swelling capacity and oil holding capacity also decreased as the particle size reduced. Different amounts (3%, 5%, 7%, 9%) of all kinds of SFR powders were added as a substitute for flour to make sugar-free cookies, their effects on the textural properties and sensory evaluation of cookies were studied. Higher spread ratio of cookies was obtained with smaller particle size, the SFR powder replacement reduced cookie hardness significantly while having no impact on fracturability. The sensory evaluation revealed that SFR-200-9 received highest odor, texture and overall acceptability score, followed by SFR-75-9.

Topic: Food composition and properties
Subfield: Nutrition and Dietetics
Field: Nursing
Domain: Health Sciences
Winning Hearts and Minds: The Debate Over U.S. Intervention in Nicaragua in the 1980s

This essay provides a background on the history of U.S.–Nicaraguan relations, the Contra War of the 1980s, and the Reagan administration’s “public diplomacy” efforts, then examines in depth seven major themes or arguments advanced by Contra War opponents (a mix of leftist, religious, and peace groups). The more moderate themes were widely endorsed in the mainstream media and among liberal members of Congress, while the more radical themes—those challenging nationalistic and Cold War stereotypes—made little headway in the media and Congress, however much they raised consciousness among U.S. citizens. All in all, the author argues, the anti-Contra War campaign served important functions by buttressing congressional opposition to the war, supporting Latin American diplomatic efforts, and advancing a perspective that was both realistic and empathetic, the building blocks of a progressive peace consciousness.

Topic: Political and Social Dynamics in Chile and Latin America
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
A Study on the Efficiency in the Children Suffering from Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

&lt;p&gt;The present study aims at investigating the efficiency of the children suffering from hyperactivity disorder in the continuous function test of auditory and visual stimuli (IVA) in order to improve and promote the mental health of these kinds of people. This is of descriptive-comparative type of study. The 30 participants of the present study are the students of Tehran schools which have been chosen through cluster sampling among two groups of hyperactive and normal boys and girls who aged from 12 to 18. The Connors questionnaires and IVA+AE test were used to achieve the goal. The data were analyzed using SPSS-20 and multivariable statistical analyses method. The findings showed that there is a significant correlation among the focused attention, attention distraction, divided attention and selective attention of auditory aspect of normal and hyperactive students and the scores of the focused attention, attention distraction, divided attention and selective attention of the auditory aspect of normal students are higher than the hyperactive students (P&amp;lt;0.05). Furthermore, the same correlation exists in the visual aspect of the normal and hyperactive students and the scores of the focused attention, attention distraction, divided attention and selective attention of the visual aspect of normal students are higher than the hyperactive students (P&amp;lt;0.05).&lt;/p&gt;

Topic: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Subfield: Psychiatry and Mental health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Can We Model Nitric Oxide Biotransport? A Survey of Mathematical Models for a Simple Diatomic Molecule with Surprisingly Complex Biological Activities

Nitric oxide (NO) is a remarkable free radical gas whose presence in biological systems and whose astonishing breadth of physiological and pathophysiological activities have only recently been recognized. Mathematical models for NO biotransport, just beginning to emerge in the literature, are examined in this review. Some puzzling and paradoxical properties of NO may be understood by modeling proposed mechanisms with known parameters. For example, it is not obvious how NO can survive strong scavenging by hemoglobin and still be a potent vasodilator. Recent models do not completely explain how tissue NO can reach effective levels in the vascular wall, and they point toward mechanisms that need further investigation. Models help to make sense of extremely low partial pressures of NO exhaled from the lung and may provide diagnostic information. The role of NO as a gaseous neurotransmitter is also being understood through modeling. Studies on the effects of NO on O2 transport and metabolism, also reviewed, suggest that previous mathematical models of transport of O2 to tissue need to be revised, taking the biological activity of NO into account.

Topic: Nitric Oxide and Endothelin Effects
Subfield: Physiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
[Effects and mechanism ofitraconazole on prostate cancer PC-3 cell apoptosis].

<b>Objective:</b> To investigate the effects and mechanisms of itraconazole on prostate cancer PC-3 cells proliferation. <b>Methods:</b> The PC-3 cells were divided into four group: control group, itraconazole group, itraconazole+ CerS-1-shRNA group and itraconazole+ PDMP group.3-(4, 5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2, 5-diphenyl-2-H-tetrazolium bromide(MTT)assay was used to detect the growth of PC-3 cells.Apoptosis was detected by Annexin V-FITC /PI.The intracellular ceramide production was assayed by high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC). The expression of Bax, Bcl-2, cleaved-caspase3 and the expression and phosphorylation of Akt, mTORC1 were detected by Western blot. <b>Results:</b> After treatment with 0, 5, 10, 20 μmol/L itraconazole, apoptosis rate was 3.23%±1.32%, 5.87%±2.45%, 23.22%±5.29%, 48.57%±8.37%.The percentage content of ceramide was 100%, 109%±18%, 156%±12%, 197%±22%.Compared with the control group, there were statistically differences when the concentration of itraconazole were 10 and 20 μmol/L(all <i>P</i><0.05). Western blot analysis showed that the Bax, cleaved-caspase 3 expression of itraconazole group and itraconazole+ PDMP group was significantly higher than control group, while Bcl-2 expression was significantly lower than the control; the Bax, cleaved-caspase 3 expression ofitraconazole+ CerS1-shRNA group was significantly lower than itraconazole group, while Bcl-2 expression was significantly higher than the itraconazole group.After 5, 10, 20 μmol/L itraconazole treatment, the expression of p-Akt and p-mTORC1 were significantly lower than the control group; the expression of p-Akt and p-mTORC1 in itraconazole+ CerS-1-shRNA group were significantly higher than itraconazole group. <b>Conclusion:</b> Itraconazole induces apoptosis of PC-3 cell through increasing the intracellular ceramide content, which might relate to upregulation of cleavage-caspase 3 and Bax, downregulation of Bcl-2 and inactivation of Akt-mTORC signal pathway.

Topic: Beetle Biology and Toxicology Studies
Subfield: Cancer Research
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
La intertextualidad como recurso en la lingüística misionera: El prefacio del Arte y reglas de la lengua tagala (1610) de fray Francisco Blancas de San José

In this paper I analyze the Arte y reglas de la lengua tagala, the oldest extant grammar of Tagalog, not as a mere collection of morphological and syntactic rules of the language, but rather as an example of cultural translation. My study is limited to the preface of the book and the intertextual references contained therein. Focus will be given to the Arte’s contrastive content, which establishes a network of equivalences between Tagalog and Latin through Castilian Spanish as metalanguage, and provides clues as to how texts were generally produced during the period. I argue that the translational principles propounded in the preface of the Arte inscribe the cultural knowledge on the colonized subjects within the colonizer’s tradition and epistemology, and that they link such knowledge to the more extensive narrative of the history of Christian redemption and the prevailing linguistic thought in the West.

Topic: Philippine History and Culture
Subfield: Anthropology
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Combined raw cornstarch and nifedipine as an additional treatment in persistent hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia of infancy.

This study reports the result of treatment with the combination of raw cornstarch and nifedipine in two infants affected with hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia of variable severity. The first infant developed hypoglycemia during early neonatal period and required subtotal pancreatectomy. She still developed hypoglycemia after her second operation. The second infant developed hypoglycemia at the age of 7 months. Raw cornstarch and nifedipine efficiently normalized both infants' blood glucose levels. Although they still need frequent feedings, no hypoglycemic episode was reported except when they were sick. Their growth and development were markedly improved after initiation of treatment.

Topic: Hyperglycemia and glycemic control in critically ill and hospitalized patients
Subfield: Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Synthesis tools for mixed-signal ICs

Article Free Access Share on Synthesis tools for mixed-signal ICs: progress on frontend and backend strategies Authors: L. Richard Carley Electrical and Computer Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA Electrical and Computer Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PAView Profile , Georges G. E. Gielen Electrical Engineering, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium Electrical Engineering, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, BelgiumView Profile , Rob A. Rutenbar Electrical and Computer Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA Electrical and Computer Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PAView Profile , Willy M. C. Sansen Electrical Engineering, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium Electrical Engineering, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, BelgiumView Profile Authors Info & Claims DAC '96: Proceedings of the 33rd annual Design Automation ConferenceJune 1996 Pages 298–303https://doi.org/10.1145/240518.240573Online:01 June 1996Publication History 36citation523DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations36Total Downloads523Last 12 Months21Last 6 weeks5 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF

Topic: Low-power high-performance VLSI design
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
IMPROVEMENT OF PHYSICAL FITNESS BY INTERVAL TRAINING: II. REQUIRED TRAINING FREQUENCY.

Abstract : A study was designed to ascertain whether a training frequency of 2 days per week would produce improvement in cardio-respiratory endurance comparable to that obtained from a program consisting of 4 workouts per week. It was found that cardio-respiratory endurance is increased significantly by a 7-week interval training program; a training frequency of 4 days per week compared with 2 per week produces greater improvement only in submaximal exercise and recovery heart rates; and maximal oxygen consumption is improved by the same magnitude by a 7-week interval training program with 2 workouts per week as it is with 4 and 5 workouts per week.

Topic: Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
Subfield: Complementary and alternative medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Best interests determination within the Singapore context

Familialism is a significant mindset within Singaporean culture. Its effects through the practice of familial determination and filial piety, which calls for a family centric approach to care determination over and above individual autonomy, affect many elements of local care provision. However, given the complex psychosocial, political and cultural elements involved, the applicability and viability of this model as well as that of a physician-led practice is increasingly open to conjecture. This article will investigate some of these concerns before proffering a decision-making process based upon a multidisciplinary team approach. It will be shown that such a multidimensional and multiprofessional approach is more in keeping with the inclusive and patient-centred ethos of palliative care than prevailing practices. It will be shown that such an approach will also be better placed to deliver holistic, coherent and sensitive end-of-life care that palliative care espouses.

Topic: Grief, Bereavement, and Mental Health
Subfield: Clinical Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
GROTHENDIECK-TEICHM ULLER GROUP IN ALGEBRA, GEOMETRY AND QUANTIZATION: A SURVEY

These are notes of a lecture course given by the organizers at the Stockholm University in the autumn of 2011. Some well-known and not that well known results about GT and its representations are reviewed. The notes will be expanded and corrected as the course progress.

Topic: Advanced Topics in Algebra
Subfield: Algebra and Number Theory
Field: Mathematics
Domain: Physical Sciences
Philosophy, politics and economics? The story of inclusive education in England

With these words in October 1997, the recently elected 'New' Labour government aligned the English education system for the first time with the international movement towards inclusive education. This was, in many ways, a remarkable move. Not only was the language of 'inclusion' a relatively new phenomenon in England, but also it is rare for English governments to align themselves with principled international declarations – particularly in the field of education, or even to look abroad for models on which to develop policy. The government therefore positioned itself at – or at least close to – the forefront of thinking in the field and all seemed set fair for the rapid development of an education system that would be a world leader in terms of inclusion.

Topic: Global Educational Policies and Reforms
Subfield: Political Science and International Relations
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Supplemental Data from Pharmacological Inhibition of the Histone Lysine Demethylase KDM1A Suppresses the Growth of Multiple Acute Myeloid Leukemia Subtypes

&lt;p&gt;Includes Supplementary Methods, Supplementary Tables and Figures and References Supplementary Figure 1: Structure and enzyme inhibitory activity of the KDM1A tool compounds. Supplementary Figure 2: CETSA shows thermal stabilization of KDM1A in intact cells following treatment with active KDM1A inhibitors. Supplementary Figure S3: Effects of RN-1 treatment on colony formation in methylcellulose. Supplementary Figure 4: KDM1A inhibition effects on the RUNX1-RUNX1T1 containing cell line SKNO-1. Supplementary Figure 5: Lack of global changes in histone H3K4 and H3K9 methylation following KDM1A inhibition. Supplementary Figure 6: KDM1A inhibitors affect KDM1A chromatin binding pattern in SKNO-1 cells. Supplementary Figure 7: Treatment of leukemia cells with a combination of KDM1A inhibitor RN-1 and EZH2 inhibitor CPI-169 leads to a synergistic cell killing in AML cell lines.&lt;/p&gt;

Topic: Epigenetics and DNA Methylation
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Positivity determines the quantum cohomology of the odd symplectic Grassmannian of lines

Let IG:=IG(2,2n+1) denote the odd symplectic Grassmannian of lines which is a horospherical variety of Picard rank 1. The quantum cohomology ring QH*(IG) has negative structure constants. For n≥3, we give a positivity condition that implies the quantum cohomology ring QH*(IG) is the only quantum deformation of the cohomology ring H*(IG) up to the scaling of the quantum parameter. This is a modification of a conjecture by Fulton.

Topic: Advanced Algebra and Geometry
Subfield: Mathematical Physics
Field: Mathematics
Domain: Physical Sciences
Spectral performance of integrated DC-free error-control codes

Spectral performance of DC-free codes can be evaluated through performance metrics such as sum variance (SV) and low-frequency spectrum weight (LFSW). In this paper we investigate the spectral performance of integrated DC-free error-control codes. Analytical results for estimating the SV and LFSW of these codes are given.

Topic: Advanced Wireless Communication Techniques
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences