jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
COVID‐19 and dementia: experience from six European countries

Abstract The effects of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) have been well documented across the world with an appreciation that older people and in particular those with dementia have been disproportionately and negatively affected by the pandemic. This is both in terms of their health outcomes (mortality and morbidity), care decisions made by health systems and the longer‐term effects such as neurological damage. The International Dementia Alliance is a group of dementia specialists from six European countries and this paper is a summary of our experience of the effects of COVID‐19 on our populations. Experience from England, France, Germany, the Netherlands, Spain and Switzerland highlight the differential response from health and social care systems and the measures taken to maximise support for older people and those with dementia. The common themes include recognition of the atypical presentation of COVID‐19 in older people (and those with dementia) need to pay particular attention to the care of people with dementia in care homes; the recognition of the toll that isolation can bring on older people and the complexity of the response by health and social services to minimise the negative impact of the pandemic. Potential new ways of working identified during the pandemic could serve as a positive legacy from the crisis.

Topic: Long-Term Effects of COVID-19
Subfield: Neurology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Acid phosphatases: androgen dependent markers of rat prostate

Our investigations on acid phosphatase (AP) were aimed at finding a biochemical assay marker for androgen actions in the rat prostate. We quantitatively examined the effects of l-tartrate or formaldehyde on AP activity in tissue filtrates from nine adult male rat tissues, plasma and hemolysed red blood cells (HRBC). There was significant inhibition of AP activity in all instances with the exception of HRBC with tartrate. The prostate inhibition results were not different from those for seminal vesicles and adrenals but were different from the other tissues studied. Ten days following castration the inhibition by tartrate was less in all tissues studied except plasma and HRBC; the formaldehyde inhibition percentages were not altered. Intraperitoneal testosterone enanthate administration begun 2 days after castration maintained the tartrate inhibitions in the ranges found for noncastrated rats. Gel electrophoresis of the tissue filtrates and staining of the gels for AP indicated two bands of AP activity for the prostate from normal rats and one band of activity for all other tissues. This second band of prostate AP activity was completely eliminated by the addition of formaldehyde and was not found for prostate tissue filtrates from castrated animals. However, it was found for the animals which had received testosterone replacement for 14 days. It would appear that AP can be used as a marker of androgen responsiveness for rat prostate.

Topic: Hormonal and reproductive studies
Subfield: Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Diagnosed Characteristics of Precipitation Systems over Taiwan during the May–June 1987 TAMEX

Characteristics of Mei-Yu precipitating cloud systems over Taiwan during the May–June 1987 Taiwan Area Mesoscale Experiment (TAMEX) have been studied using sounding, surface precipitation, and radar data. Vertical motion has been computed over the island at 6-h intervals from 13 May to 15 June using a modification of the kinematic method that takes into account the mountainous lower boundary within a four-station sounding polygon. Two primary characteristics of the precipitation have been found. First, the major rainfall event were linked to the passage of midlatitude disturbances and typically consisted of both deep convective and stratiform components. Deep convection was primarily prefrontal or frontal, while the stratiform precipitation was postfrontal, presumably in association with overrunning and orographic lifting. Second, there was a pronounced diurnal variability in the rainfall. Vertical motion, heating (Q1), and moistening (Q2) profiles have been used to define the character of the precipitating systems. During periods of deep convection (as indicated by radar and surface rainfall measurements), a separation of the Q1 and Q2 peaks is observed, whereas at times of stratiform precipitation, the Q1 and Q1 peaks are nearly coincident. The findings for Taiwan generally support those of Luo and Yanai, indicating a predominance of stratiform rainfall over the entire southern China and Yangtze regions (including Taiwan) during the Mei-Yu; however, they also suggest that in at least a portion of this region (Taiwan), precipitation may consist of a mixture of deep convective and stratiform components. The occurrence of coincident Q1 and Q1 peaks in the mid- to lower troposphere (600–800 mb) during moderate-to-heavy stratiform rain events indicates the importance of shallow cold-frontal and/or stable orographic lifting. Thus, it appears that in the Taiwan area, heavy rain in stable situations may depend critically on low-level forcing mechanisms. The evolution of the sea breeze, the development of the afternoon mixed layer, and the diurnal cycle of Q1 and Q1 have been examined on a synoptically undisturbed day (24 May) when afternoon thunderstorms occurred over Taiwan. Moistening of the boundary layer by the daytime sea breeze was evident. A high-level heating peak and a midtropospheric drying peak were observed in the afternoon in association with the sea breeze and deep convection. In the evening, heating and drying aloft and cooling and moistening at low levels occurred, suggestive of stratiform precipitation during the decaying stage of the convection.

Topic: Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations
Subfield: Atmospheric Science
Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences
Domain: Physical Sciences
Cell-type-specific control elements of the lymphotropic papovavirus enhancer

Lymphotropic papovavirus (LPV) exhibits a highly restricted host range, in which only cells of primate B-lymphocyte origin are permissive for infection. Its enhancer element contributes to this tropism, since transcriptional potentiation is confined to cells of the hematopoietic lineage. Nuclear extracts from B and T cells, but not from HeLa cells, contain protein factors that interact specifically with the LPV 63-base-pair enhancer repeat, as demonstrated by DNase I footprinting and gel retardation experiments. Within the repeat three sequence motifs were identified: the core motif, the Pu box, and a novel element named T motif. Functional analysis demonstrated that these motifs as well as some sequences upstream of the repeat contribute to the optimal activity of the enhancer. There are clear differences between the patterns of binding of the B and T lymphocyte nuclear proteins to the enhancer which are also reflected in the transcriptional activity of the enhancer in both cell types. Furthermore, the activity of the LPV enhancer and its interaction with nuclear proteins seem to be regulated during B-cell differentiation.

Topic: Polyomavirus and related diseases
Subfield: Oncology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
INFLUENCE OF CULTIVAR AND FERTILIZATION MODE UPON EARLY PRODUCTION OF TOMATOES CULTIVATED IN AN ECOLOGICAL SYSTEM

Tomatoes are used in people diet, fresh or in different dishes (soups, sauces, pots, stuffed tomatoes, etc.). They are recommended as food for people suffering of asthenia, loss of appetite, chronic poisoning, congestive states, atherosclerosis, vascular diseases, arthritis, gout, rheumatism, azotemia, biliary and urinary lithiasis, constipation, enteritis. They are industrially used in the production of tomato paste, broth, canned, plain or spicy juice, pickled. The internal use of tomatoes results in a reduction in blood viscosity and thus reduces the risk of thrombosis and atherosclerosis as well as cardiovascular disease. In order to achieve early productions, the protected crop of tomatoes is used and cultivation with a shorter period of vegetation is used. Production time is also ensured through balanced nutrition. The experience was carried out during the year 2016, in an ecologically certified vegetable small farm in Husasau de Tinca, Bihor County. The experimental factors were cultivar and fertilization. Experimental culture was set up in a polyethylene tunnel in April.

Topic: Genetic and Environmental Crop Studies
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
The missing modes of self-organization in cathode boundary layer discharge in xenon

Self-organized pattern formation has been previously observed in cathode boundary layer discharges (CBLDs) in high-purity xenon gas at pressures ranging from about 60 Torr to atmospheric pressure. However, certain modes predicted by the COMSOL multiphysics simulation were never observed. In this paper, using the same reactor design, we managed to fine tune the discharge current into regions that were not fully explored before. Two new self-organized patterns were observed, at the verge of the extinguishing of the self-organization. One pattern was a perfect ring that was detached from the dielectric walls. The other pattern was a series elongated spots arranged along a circle. Both patterns were preferably observed at pressures ranging from 60 to 120 Torr. The observation of these patterns may open up new discussions to the self-organized pattern formation in CBLD in xenon.

Topic: Plasma Applications and Diagnostics
Subfield: Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Identification Trainers for the Future: Bridging the skills gap in natural history

The Identification Trainers for the Future project has been a 3-year project developing a new model of species identification training for the Museum, while also looking at sector-related career issues, particularly methods of recruitment from non-traditional entry routes into the UK biodiversity and museums sectors. Through funding from the HLF’s Skills for the Future programme and working in partnership with the NBNT and FSC, 15 trainees have worked through 12-month long work-based traineeships with us, developing their technical skills in species identification for cryptic UK taxa and developing experience in teaching and scientific communication. This talk will look at some of the lessons learnt from the project, as well as discussing some of the ways forward for the Museum now the project is starting to draw to a close.

Topic: Diverse Educational Innovations Studies
Subfield: General Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Performing Atheist Selves in Digital Publics

This book considers how the non-religious self is performed publicly online, and how digital culture and technology shapes this process. Building on a YouTube case study with women vloggers, it presents unique empirical data on non-organized atheism in the United States. Lundmark suggests that the atheist self as performed online exists in tension between a perception of atheism as sinful and amoral in relation to hegemonical Christianity in the U.S., and the hyperrational, male-centered discourse that has characterized the atheist movement. She argues that women atheist vloggers co-effect third spaces of emotive resonance that enable a precarious counterpublicness of performing atheist visibility. The volume offers a valuable contribution to the discussion of how the public, the private, and areas in-between are understood within digital religion, and opens up new space for engaging with the increased visibility of atheist identity in a mediatized society.

Topic: Media, Religion, Digital Communication
Subfield: Philosophy
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Buenas Diaz – status quo or pivot!

Synopsis The family matriarch dies without a written succession plan, leaving her children to determine how to cope with the continuity of the family’s expanding food empire. This becomes increasingly difficult when one of the siblings wants to incur expensive, yet required, renovations to the family’s original restaurant. The situation is further complicated by the fact that the two older siblings are focused on corporate expansion efforts, while the youngest is trying to demonstrate her competence in running the family’s historical restaurant. A central focus of the case is to understand and identify effective strategies that should guide the firm-related choices each sibling makes. Research methodology This case, which was developed from field interviews and personal experience, highlights the array of competing financial and personal objectives and tensions involved in a family business. An interactive tool allows users to conduct multiple scenario analyses to determine if the company’s manufacturing expansion goals can be achieved while simultaneously honoring the family’s restaurant roots. Relevant courses and levels This case was designed specifically for the undergraduate junior or senior business or economics student who has already taken basic finance, economics, strategy, entrepreneurship, or psychology courses. Typically, by the third or fourth year of study in a traditional undergraduate program, virtually all of the core themes, concepts, theses, and theories associated with the case have been addressed in previous business or economics coursework. Theoretical bases The case provides an intentional opportunity for students to demonstrate their emerging financial analysis competencies, while concurrently synthesizing the so-called “soft” skills associated with rational decision making, organizational behavior analysis, business strategy, entrepreneurship, and negotiations.

Topic: Family Business Performance and Succession
Subfield: Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management
Field: Business, Management and Accounting
Domain: Social Sciences
An Unusual Presentation of Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome: Recurrent Intussusception in a 13-Year-Old Female: A Case Report

Peutz Jeghers syndrome an autosomal dominant condition due to mutation in&#13;\nchromosome 19p13.3 can present with intestinal hamartomatous polyps.&#13;\nTypically, they present with hyperpigmented macules in the mucosa. We present&#13;\na case of a 13-year-old girl who presented in emergency department with&#13;\nrecurrent right sided abdominal pain and tenderness, vomiting, and a palpable&#13;\nmass. Patient has a significant positive family history of hyperpigmented macules.&#13;\nPatient was evaluated with contrast enhanced CT scan and was found to have&#13;\nileo-ileal intussusception and a gastric fundic polyp. Patient underwent emergency&#13;\nlaparotomy and was found to have Jejunojejunal intussusception with polyp at&#13;\nlead point.&#13;\nA 13-year-old girl presented in emergency department with complaints of&#13;\nabdominal pain, nausea &amp; vomiting and constipation of one day duration. The&#13;\npatient was having recurrent episodes of abdominal pain over the past 2 month&#13;\nwhich previously got relieved after vomiting. There was also history of two&#13;\nepisodes of blood in stools over the past 2 months. There was no history of loss&#13;\nof weight or appetite and no alteration in bowel habits.&#13;\nOn general examination there were multiple well demarcated hyper&#13;\npigmented macules on the lips tongue and face. Her father and sister also had&#13;\nsimilar lesions on the face and lips. Rest of the skin, hair nails trunk extremities&#13;\ngums &amp; palate was normal.&#13;\nOn examination abdomen was distended with diffuse tenderness but no&#13;\nrebound tenderness. There was a well-defined tender mass in right iliac and&#13;\nlumbar region.

Topic: Genetic factors in colorectal cancer
Subfield: Pathology and Forensic Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Extraction of ObjectProperty-UsageMethod Relation from Web Documents

This paper aims to extract an ObjectProperty-UsageMethod relation, in particular the HerbalMedicinalProperty- UsageMethod relation of the herb-plant object, as a semantic relation between two related sets, a herbalmedicinal- property concept set and a usage-method concept set from several web documents. This HerbalMedicinalProperty-UsageMethod relation benefits people by providing an alternative treatment/solution knowledge to health problems. The research includes three main problems: how to determine EDU (where EDU is an elementary discourse unit or a simple sentence/clause) with a medicinal-property/usage-method concept; how to determine the usage-method boundary; and how to determine the HerbalMedicinalProperty- UsageMethod relation between the two related sets. We propose using N-Word-Co on the verb phrase with the medicinal-property/usage-method concept to solve the first and second problems where the N-Word-Co size is determined by the learning of maximum entropy, support vector machine, and naive Bayes. We also apply naive Bayes to solve the third problem of determining the HerbalMedicinalProperty-UsageMethod relation with N-Word-Co elements as features. The research results can provide high precision in the HerbalMedicinalProperty-UsageMethod relation extraction.

Topic: Advanced Text Analysis Techniques
Subfield: Artificial Intelligence
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
ChemInform Abstract: Novel 1,3‐Diene Synthesis from Alkyne and Ethylene by Ruthenium‐Catalyzed Enyne Metathesis.

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.

Topic: Synthetic Organic Chemistry Methods
Subfield: Organic Chemistry
Field: Chemistry
Domain: Physical Sciences
A Teacher’s Personal-Emotional Identity and its Reflection upon the Development of his Professional Identity

The purpose of this study was to show how the professional identity of a teacher is built upon personal and emotional traits. Those traits determine his willingness to blur the emotional distance between teacher and student, thus shaping school as a fuller environment. The study revolves around three issues: (a) knowing and acknowledging students; (b) sensitivity towards the use of students’ proper names; and (c) positive sense of humour in the classroom. On the understanding that teaching identities may be interpreted from a narrative approach, autobiographical research will support our study. The conclusion is that a teacher’s professional identity is highly influenced by his emotional identity.

Topic: Teacher Education and Leadership Studies
Subfield: Education
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Ecology of the rare oak polypore Piptoporus quercinus and the tooth fungi Hericium cirrhatum, H. coralloides, and H. erinaceus in the UK.

Although fungi are essential to functioning of forest ecosystems, ecology of wood decay fungi, particularly rare species, is understudied. Hericium coralloides, on the UK red data list, H. erinaceus and Piptoporus quercinus, UK BAP species, and H. cirrhatumare rare in the UK, existing in isolated populations in areas with a history of continuous tree cover. Hericium spp. fruit primarily on beech (Fagus sylvatica), and P. quercinus exclusively on oak (Quercus spp.). Their ecology is unknown, beyond information on fruit body occurence, combative ability against wood decay fungi and extension rates on agar. Their ecology in terms of spore dispersal and germination, and inter- and intraspecific interactions was investigated. Basidiospore dispersal of Hericium spp. was typical of basidiomycetes over the distances investigated (0-100 m from fruit bodies), but basidiospore germination was consistently under 1% in the laboratory. Mating systems of H. coralloides and H. erinaceus were bifactorial, confirming previous research using North American isolates. H. cirrhatum's mating system remains unclear, due to anomalous clamp connections. Mating experiments also showed that H. coralloides from different host species can interbreed, and fruit bodies occurring simultaneously on a substrate may originate from a single mycelium. H. coralloides was successfully established artificially in living beech, revealed using molecular techniques. Primary mycelia of H. coralloides were more combative than secondary, indicating the significance of this lifecycle stage for rare species. P. quercinus had under 1% spore germination and unifactorial mating. The six populations sampled had only four mating alleles, two being unique to one fruit body. This implies inbreeding, but phenotypic variation (extension rates and colony morphology) prove the population is not clonal. Results are discussed in relation to ecology of rare fungi in general, possible factors relating to the rarity of Hericium spp. and P. quercinus, and potential conservation strategies for these species.

Topic: Mycorrhizal Fungi and Plant Interactions
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
VJing: A New Zealand Case Study

&lt;p&gt;This thesis analyses some key factors of what is often considered a marginalised cultural and creative practice, VJing. The term VJ historically refers to Video Jockey, though in its own right VJ can be used to umbrella a number of various practices that utilise live visual media performances. This study is based on the researcher's active participation in the New Zealand (Kiwi) VJ scene for over thriteen years. Chapter One introduces some of the traditional principles and factors that are still in use in contemporary VJ practices, as well as the characteristics of the Kiwi VJ scene. Chapter Two outlines and analyses an experiment that takes these factors and characteristics into consideration. The case study utilises peer to peer information gathering through an experiment designed to generate a disruption to the intuitive mode of working to which four veteran VJs have been accustomed. The case study experiment sought to isolate key factors that impact on content creation and selection for live VJ mixing that utilise traditional principles. During the analysis, the following factors were identified: time, sight, memory, finance, environment, technology, availability, efficiency, compatibility, loops, silence, form, rhythm, movement, shape, colour and music. The experiment centred around a sample library of original content that the four VJs were asked to respond to, both through conversational dialogue and a live VJ performance. The DVD contains the results of the individual performances.&lt;/p&gt;

Topic: Cultural Industries and Urban Development
Subfield: Urban Studies
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
WMN-PSOSA: an intelligent hybrid simulation system for WMNs and its performance evaluations

Networks of today are going through a rapid evolution. Recently, many new networks, especially wireless networks, are appearing. The wireless mesh networks (WMNs) are wireless networks having mesh topology. They have many advantages, such as high robustness and easiness for maintenance. However, WMNs have some problems that need to be solved. One important problem for WMNs is the node placement problem, which is an NP-hard problem. In this work, we propose and implement an intelligent hybrid simulation system based on particle swarm optimisation (PSO) and simulated annealing (SA) for node placement problem in WMNs, called WMN-PSOSA. We evaluate the performance of WMN-PSOSA system considering different distributions of mesh clients such as Weibull, chi-square, and uniform distributions. The simulation results show that the WMN-PSOSA performs better for Weibull distribution compared with the case of chi-square and uniform distributions.

Topic: Mobile Ad Hoc Networks
Subfield: Computer Networks and Communications
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences