jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Individualism, collectivism, and voting behaviour: a follow-up study into political values

The constructs of individualism (I) and collectivism (c) originated in Western political philosophy in the&#13;\neighteenth and nineteenth century; however, there has been little or no research into how these constructs may fit within a modern political framework. Triandis (1995) and his colleges have conducted a wealth of research into the constructs of individualism and collectivism generally comparing different cultural groups and values. Individualism is often linked with liberalism, which embraces the ideals of maximising the freedom of the individual, whereby through collectivism individuals gain freedom by both forming and submitting to the common will. Triandis also adds another dimension to the I-C construct: that is horizontal and vertical social relationships. A horizontal society aspires to the values of equality and&#13;\nlittle differences in social ranking; whereas a vertical society accepts, or even embraces, ranking and hierarchy. Although little empirical evidence exists, it has logically been assumed that these cultural values correspond with political ideologies. Previous research has found that right of centre voters (i.e.Liberal Party) endorsed individualism, vertical individualism over left of centre voters (i.e. Australian Labor Party (ALP)) (Beccaria, Baczynski, &amp; McIlveen, 2008). An exit poll at the March 2008 Toowoomba Council elections used a survey of voting behaviour, and a modified 20-item Individualism and Collectivism (I-C)scale. Seventy-three voters participated, although voters of minor parties were excluded due to their small numbers, leaving 57 who voted for the Liberal – National Coalition in Australia (Coalition) or the ALP. The&#13;\nreliability of the I-C Scale has been notably variable for different samples; and the scale was further modified to gain adequate reliability for this study. Results generally replicated the previous study, where Coalition voters endorsed more individualism than ALP voters, in particular more vertical individualism. ALP voters endorsed more horizontal collectivist values than LP voters

Topic: Social Capital and Networks
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Oxygen free radicals in erythrocytes during open heart operation.

This study was performed to observe the effect of myocardial ischemia on the patients undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) operation. For this aim, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities, reduced glutathione (GSH) and lipid peroxide (LP) levels were determined in blood samples which were obtained from the coronary sinus. Sampling times were as follows: (1) Before CPB. (2) Immediately after CPB. (3) Fifteen minutes after the second specimen. (4) Thirty minutes after the second specimen. SOD activities of these groups were 5135.10 +/- 278.51 U/g Hb, 3505.64 +/- 302.09 U/g Hb, 4206.55 +/- 272.25 U/g Hb, 4707.20 +/- 270.91 U/g Hb respectively. Also the LP levels were 1.90 +/- 0.29 nmol MDA/ml, 4.37 +/- 0.52 nmol MDA/ml, 4.09 +/- 0.39 nmol MDA/ml, 2.74 +/- 0.30 nmol MDA/ml respectively. GSH levels were slightly increased during ischemia and reperfusion; 103.27 +/- 5.18 mg/dl, 125.00 +/- 10.36 mg/dl, 125.00 +/- 6.61 mg/dl, 111.18 +/- 8.22 mg/dl respectively. SOD activities were reduced significantly in second group (p < 0.001), in third and fourth groups (p < 0.01) as compared with control group. Also LP levels were increased significantly in all groups (p < 0.001) as compared with controls. Our results confirm the generation of oxygen free radicals from ischemia and reperfusion of heart during CPB. Also it appears that oxygen free radical generation exceeds the capacity of intracellular SOD, which is the most important scavenger of free radical in the cell.

Topic: Cardiac Ischemia and Reperfusion
Subfield: Pathology and Forensic Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Attenuation of Doxorubicin Induced Cardiotoxicity in Wistar Rats by Extracts of Fruits of &lt;i&gt;Ziziphus jujuba&lt;/i&gt; Lam

The objective of the study was to evaluate the cardioprotective activity of fruits of Ziziphus jujuba Lam. in doxorubicin induced cardiotoxicity in Wistar rats. The ethanolic and aqueous extract of fruits of Z. jujuba has been prepared. Male Wistar rats were divided into seven groups. Vehicle control was Group 1. Doxorubicin 5 mg/kg i.p. was administered to Group 2 animals on the 7th and 14th day. Animals in groups 3 and 4 were dosed with ethanolic extracts of 200 and 400 mg/kg p.o. while groups 5 and 6 received aqueous extracts of 200 and 400mg/kg i.p. Animals from group 7 were given nebivolol 5 mg/kg p.o. All the animals were treated for 28 days. Doxorubicin (2.5 mg/kg) was injected intraperitoneally to group 2 to group 7 on day 7th and day 14th. Body weight, ECG, blood pressure, CK-MB, Cardiac troponin-I and LDH were the study parameters. The histology of the heart was performed at the end of the study. Doxorubicin showed cardiotoxicity manifested by changes in serum marker enzymes, ECG and hemodynamic parameters which were further confirmed by histology of the heart. These changes induced by doxorubicin were attenuated by treatment with extracts of the fruit of Ziziphus jujuba Lam. It is concluded that aqueous extract of the fruit of Ziziphus jujuba Lam. (400 mg/kg p.o.) treatment for 28 days protects the heart of rats in doxorubicin induced cardiotoxicity.

Topic: Chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity and mitigation
Subfield: Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Phase 1 study on safety and PK of rovalpituzumab tesirine (Rova-T) in Japanese patients with advanced, recurrent SCLC

Background: For patients (pts) with progressive SCLC following treatment (tx) with ≥2 prior therapies, standard tx is not established. Rova-T is an antibody-drug conjugate made of DLL3-specific mAb tethered to a DNA cross-linking toxin that induces cell death. Safety and pharmacokinetics (PK) of Rova-T have not yet been evaluated in Japanese SCLC pts. Methods: This phase 1, open-label, dose escalation study enrolled Japanese pts with advanced, recurrent SCLC who had disease progression after ≥2 prior regimens and ECOG 0-1. Pts received Rova-T (0.2 or 0.3 mg/kg IV) on Day (D) 1 of each 6-wk cycle ×2 doses and dexamethasone (8 mg BID oral) on D-1, D1, and D2. Dose-limiting toxicity (DLT) was evaluated in first 3 wks of tx. Objectives are to assess PK, safety, and tolerability of Rova-T in Japanese pts. Results: As of Oct 13, 2017, 17 pts were enrolled [6 pts 0.2 mg/kg; 11 pts 0.3 mg/kg]; median age 69, 77% male, 77% stage IV, 71% ≥3 prior lines of tx. No DLTs were reported in dose escalation cohort. 88% of pts reported AEs and 53% of pts reported grade 3-4 AEs and 2 pts experienced AEs leading to dose delay/reduction. Common grade ≥3 AEs regardless of attribution to Rova-T were platelet count decreased (3 pts Grade 3 [G3], 1 pt G4), decreased neutrophil count (3 pts G3), increased ALT (2 pts G3) and AST (1 pt G3), ascites, diarrhea, cholangitis, pneumonia, increased lipase, WBC count decreased, peripheral sensory neuropathy, and pneumothorax (1 pt G3 each). Serious AEs occurred in 24%, incl. ascites, cholangitis, pneumonia, peripheral sensory neuropathy, dyspnea, pleural effusion, and pneumothorax (6% each). Mean Cmax and AUCinf increased close to dose-proportional from 0.2 mg/kg (n = 6) to 0.3 mg/kg (n = 7); mean half-life of 16 days (n = 13). Conclusion: Rova-T showed manageable safety in Japanese pts with advanced, recurrent SCLC. Overall PK, safety and tolerability in Japanese pts were not meaningfully different to first-in-human findings for Rova-T in non-Japanese pts.

Topic: Lung Cancer Research Studies
Subfield: Oncology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Structure of five-co-ordinate Sn<sup>IV</sup>isomers from Mössbauer quadrupole splittings

The three isomers of trigonal bipyramidal R3SnL2 have been distinguished by linear regression analysis of new 119Sn quadrupole splitting data for five-co-ordinate R3SnL2 and six-co-ordinate R2SnL4 species, showing that the five-co-ordinate systems have splittings ranging from ca. 1.7–2.3 mm s–1 for cis-R3SnL2, ca. 3.0–3.9 mm s–1 for equatorial-R3SnL2, and ca. 3.5–4.1 mm s–1 for mer-R3SnL2.

Topic: Synthesis and characterization of novel inorganic/organometallic compounds
Subfield: Inorganic Chemistry
Field: Chemistry
Domain: Physical Sciences
Study on Patient Satisfaction Survey under Custom Satisfaction Model in Medical Service Vocation

Objective To study on patient satisfaction survey under custom satisfaction model in medical service vocation.Meth- ods Design the inpatient satisfaction survey.165 inpatients were selected randomly to fill in the survey.Results The general satisfaction of inpatient is 82.4%,the satisfaction to indication doctor is 90.3%,the satisfaction to nurse is 86.9%,the satisfac- tion to management of hospital is 70.66%,and the satisfaction to logistics is 63.03%.The return rate to hospital is 76.4%. Conclusion Through the patient satisfaction survey,problems can be find so as to resolve the problems,improve the service process,transform the service attitude and construct harmony relationship between doctors and patients.

Topic: Patient Satisfaction in Healthcare
Subfield: General Health Professions
Field: Health Professions
Domain: Health Sciences
IMPROVING BATTERY MANUFACTURING THROUGH QUALITY AND PRODUCTIVITY BOTTLENECK INDICATORS

Battery manufacturing has attracted more research attention due to the increasing demand of alternative energy source for hybrid and electric vehicles. The coupling between productivity and quality in battery manufacturing is exhibited in various ways. This chapter considers a battery assembly system consisting of a serial production line with multiple inspections and repairs. It investigates the strong correlation between quality failure rate and throughput of conforming batteries existing in such systems, and introduces an integrated model of productivity and quality. The chapter develops analytical methods to estimate the production rate of conforming batteries based on quality flow model and overlapping decomposition approach. The complex system is decomposed into a set of overlapped serial lines and further analysis in serial lines is carried out based on aggregation procedures. The chapter also investigates bottleneck identification methods based on machine blockage and starvation probabilities and inspecting statistics.

Topic: Manufacturing Process and Optimization
Subfield: Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
An Enduring Affinity: Deconstructing the Mechanisms and Evolution of Irish Soft Power in United States Politics (2005–2025)

This paper offers a focused analysis of Ireland’s distinctive and persistent influence on United States politics from 2005 to 2025. Despite its modest size, Ireland exerts a disproportionate impact not through hard power but via an evolving soft power strategy. The study employs a qualitative review of scholarly articles, policy documents, and government reports to map how Ireland’s influence has been shaped by major events such as the 2008 global financial crisis, Brexit, and significant global economic reforms. Central to this influence are three interconnected mechanisms. First, the cultivation of a strong, if diverse, Irish American identity provides a valuable base for political engagement and cultural resonance in the U.S. Second, institutionalized diplomatic traditions—most notably the annual St. Patrick’s Day visit of the Taoiseach to the White House—afford Ireland consistent and direct access to the highest echelons of American leadership. Third, Ireland’s pivotal role in the Good Friday Agreement aligns its interests with core U.S. foreign policy goals, particularly regarding stability and peace in Northern Ireland. The research concludes that Ireland’s strategy is proactive and adaptive, transforming historical and cultural capital into meaningful political leverage. By doing so, Ireland has shifted its relationship with the U.S. from one anchored in sentiment to a modern partnership rooted in shared values, cooperation in technology, and global governance. This study offers contemporary insights into international relations and diaspora politics, illuminating the evolving nature of small-state diplomacy in a changing world.

Topic: Irish and British Studies
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Examining limits of confidentiality in real-life consultations: concerns and considerations

This paper examines how confidentiality is discussed in real-life consultations. The Australian Psychological Society Code of Ethics states that clients are to be informed about the legal limits of confidentiality prior to engaging in psychological counselling and repeated when required. Training in confidentially is also an accreditation requirement for Honours, Masters, and Professional Doctorate programs. However little research has examined how limits of confidentiality are introduced and negotiated within real-life consultations. An initial consultation between a client and a provisionally registered psychologist was used as the data for this paper. Discursive analysis revealed that whilst the psychologist complied with her professional obligation by informing the client of the limits of confidentially before counselling began, the way in which the psychologist enacted this made it difficult for the client to ask questions or seek clarification about these limits. Further, when the psychologist explicitly asked for client confirmation of understanding and acceptance of these limits, exactly what the client confirmed and accepted is unclear. Given that breaches of confidentiality are registration board matters, this lack of clarity and limiting of client interaction is concerning. Discussion will note the limits of this data along with the utility of examining confidentiality within real life consultations.

Topic: Counseling Practices and Supervision
Subfield: Social Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Cicer arietinum L. ICC 19840

Plant Genetic Resource.<br>Taxonomy: Cicer arietinum L.<br>Common name(s): Chickpea<br>Other names: 160785-0702D, W6 16963, PI 596015, EC 569871, EC 569871, ICC 19840<br>Conserved by: International Crop Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), India<br>Local sample unique identifier: ICC 19840<br>Method of creation: Acquisition<br>Date: 2006-03-22<br>Other identifiers: n/a,PI 596015, n/a,W6 16963, n/a,160785-0702D, n/a,EC 569871<br>Historical: No<br>Biological status: Traditional cultivar/landrace<br>MLS status: Included

Topic: Marine Sponges and Natural Products
Subfield: Biotechnology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
The SAG1<i>Toxoplasma gondii</i>Surface Protein Is Not Required for Acute Ocular Toxoplasmosis in Mice

ABSTRACT The SAG1 Toxoplasma gondii surface protein stimulates acute ileitis. To determine whether SAG1 is also important in the eye, wild-type or SAG1 knockout parasites were injected intravitreally into mice. No differences in retinal damage or parasite growth were observed, indicating that unlike the case for the intestine, factors besides SAG1 are important for retinal damage.

Topic: Toxoplasma gondii Research Studies
Subfield: Parasitology
Field: Immunology and Microbiology
Domain: Life Sciences
Video_4_High-Resolution 3D in vivo Brain Diffusion Tensor Imaging at Ultrahigh Fields: Following Maturation on Juvenile and Adult Mice.MOV

&lt;p&gt;Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) is a well-established technique for mapping brain microstructure and white matter tracts in vivo. High resolution DTI, however, is usually associated with low intrinsic sensitivity and therefore long acquisition times. By increasing sensitivity, high magnetic fields can alleviate these demands, yet high fields are also typically associated with significant susceptibility-induced image distortions. This study explores the potential arising from employing new pulse sequences and emerging hardware at ultrahigh fields, to overcome these limitations. To this end, a 15.2 T MRI instrument equipped with a cryocooled surface transceiver coil was employed, and DTI experiments were compared between SPatiotemporal ENcoding (SPEN), a technique that tolerates well susceptibility-induced image distortions, and double-sampled Spin-Echo Echo-Planar Imaging (SE-EPI) methods. Following optimization, SE-EPI afforded whole brain DTI maps at 135 μm isotropic resolution that possessed higher signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) than SPEN counterparts. SPEN, however, was a better alternative to SE-EPI when focusing on challenging regions of the mouse brain –including the olfactory bulb and the cerebellum. In these instances, the higher robustness of fully refocused SPEN acquisitions coupled to its built-in zooming abilities, provided in vivo DTI maps with 75 μm nominal isotropic spatial resolution. These DTI maps, and in particular the mean diffusion direction (MDD) details, exhibited variations that matched very well the anatomical features known from histological brain Atlases. Using these capabilities, the development of the olfactory bulb (OB) in live mice was followed from week 1 post-partum, until adulthood. The diffusivity of this organ showed a systematic decrease in its overall isotropic value and increase in its fractional anisotropy with age; this maturation was observed for all regions used in the OB's segmentation but was most evident for the lobules' centers, in particular for the granular cell layer. The complexity of the OB neuronal connections also increased during maturation, as evidenced by the growth in directionalities arising in the mean diffusivity direction maps.&lt;/p&gt;

Topic: Ancient Near East History
Subfield: Archeology
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
O ENSINO DA MATEMÁTICA SOB A PERSPECTIVA INTERCULTURAL DO POVO JIRIPANKÓ

The article in question discusses the relevance of teaching mathematics taught in an intercultural way. More specifically from the perspective of the Jiripankó People. The main objective is to present ethnomathematics as a teaching proposal with the intention of correlating the everyday knowledge of the Jiripankó Indigenous People with the secular mathematics seen in the classroom and proposed in the curriculum so that students can attribute meaning to the classes mathematics, while they can relate the knowledge acquired in their community to the mathematics classes taught at school. From this perspective, the themes to be worked on are ethnomathematics as a teaching proposal, the integration of interculturality into mathematics teaching, the challenges and possibilities of implementing ethnomathematics in indigenous schools and what mathematical knowledge is related to indigenous culture in general and also to the Jiripankó people who are present in mathematics classes. It should be noted that this research is bibiographical and qualitative in nature. In time, as a theoretical basis for carrying out this research, we used the writings of D’Ambrósio (1990, 1993, 2001, 2008, 2016), Knijnik (2006, 2012), Santos (2016), Boyer (2012), among others, which cover studies related to this discussion.

Topic: Indigenous Health and Education
Subfield: General Health Professions
Field: Health Professions
Domain: Health Sciences
Analisis Strategi Peningkatan Pendapatan Asli Daerah dalam Pelaksanaan Otonomi Daerah di Kota Bandar Lampung

In estimating the potential of the region, information and benchmarks are needed that are real in the field and are desired by the community concretely. One of the financial benchmarks that can be used to see regional readiness in implementing autonomy is to measure how far the financial capacity of a region is. While the regional financial capacity is usually measured by the amount of contribution of Regional Original Income (PAD). Data collection techniques used were interviews and documentation and data analysis techniques using qualitative descriptive. The results of the study using SWOT analysis showed that the strength of Bandar Lampung City Revenue Service in an effort to increase local revenue is to have qualified human resources (quite competent), the potential of the Bandar Lampung City Revenue Office is quite high quality in carrying out its main tasks and functions, there are job descriptions clear in carrying out their main tasks and functions and supporting adequate operational budget. The weaknesses are the weak function of coordination between and inter agencies, the weak monitoring function, inadequate office facilities and infrastructure and the weak application of sanctions for violators of taxes and levies. Potential objects as well as high taxpayers and retributions and strong political support for the elected Mayor and Deputy Mayor are opportunities for the Bandar Lampung City Revenue Service in an effort to increase local revenues and challenges or threats of Bandar Lampung City Revenue Service in an effort to increase local revenue is the scope of the area of potential that is quite broad and the low public awareness of taxpayers and levies.Keywords: Increased PAD, SWOT Analysis

Topic: Agriculture and Agroindustry Studies
Subfield: General Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Prevalence of Uropathogens in Zaria, Kaduna State, Nigeria

Urinary tract infections that erupt as a result of microbial presence and growth in the urinary tract accounts for significant annual hospital visit in Nigeria, creating gross economic burden on the populace. This study evaluated the prevalence of uropathogens in 4 hospitals using simple random sampling method for the period of 6 months (April – September, 2015) in Zaria, Nigeria. The result showed that 26.5% (795) of the total samples submitted (3003) for urinalysis had uropathogens ranging from E. coli (57.6%), Klebsiella spp. (19%), Staph. spp. (9.2%), Candida spp. (5.3%), Proteus mirabilis (3.5%), Streptococci spp. (2.2%), Pseudomonas spp. (1.9%) to Citrobacter spp. (1.3%). High percentage of uropathogens were observed in female patients (71.2%) compared to their male counterpart (28.8%) and age group 18-44years had the highest incidence (73.7%) followed by the elderly ≥45years (17.6%), while the toddlers (age group 0-5 years) and the teens (6-17 years) had the least incidence (5.3% and 3.7% respectively). This study showed that E. coli is the most common bacteria associated with UTI and the possibility of other clinical pathogenic organisms manifesting in UTI patients are possible. Therefore, rapid microbial identification techniques, antibiotic surveillance and management of UTI are recommended in the management of UTIs in order to curb the widespread of resistance traits among uropathogens in Zaria, Nigeria.

Topic: Urinary Tract Infections Management
Subfield: Epidemiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Effect of Active and Inactive Vaccinia Virus Preparations on Human Amnion Cell Cultures

Summary Cultures of trypsinized human amnion cells react in a morphologically different manner to the inoculation of active and inactive irradiated preparations of vaccinia virus. The most characteristic changes which accompany virus multiplication are rounding of the cells and degenerative changes in both cytoplasm and nucleus. In pronounced contrast inactive virus preparations lead to an extreme lengthening and thinning of the cytoplasm of the cell whereas the nucleus remains intact. In the latter ease the previously homogenous cell sheet is finally transformed into a netlike structure. As reported previously for mouse macrophage cultures, the inactive virus particles themselves seem to be responsible for these changes which are believed to be the result of a toxic viral effect.

Topic: Virus-based gene therapy research
Subfield: Genetics
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences