jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Application of Wireless Location Technology in Advertising

Recently, more and more companies are using wireless location technology to improve advertising effectiveness, such as location-targeted advertising. Location-targeted advertising involves the provision of ad messages to cellular subscribers based on their geographic locations. Location-targeted advertising opens up an innovative conduit to deliver ads and coupons that are customized to an individual’s tastes, geographical location, and time of day. Although location-targeted advertising seemingly offers practitioners tremendous potential given the ubiquitous nature of mobile devices, we know very little about it. This paper summarizes up-to-date research findings of location-targeted advertising, and makes managerial implications of how to use this technology efficiently.

Topic: Digital Marketing and Social Media
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Quantitative measurement of electron number in nanosecond and picosecond laser-induced air breakdown

Here we present quantitative measurements of total electron numbers in laser-induced air breakdown at pressures ranging from atmospheric to 40 barg by 10 ns and 100 ps laser pulses. A quantifiable definition for the laser-induced breakdown threshold is identified by a sharp increase in the measurable total electron numbers via dielectric-calibrated coherent microwave scattering. For the 10 ns laser pulse, the threshold of laser-induced breakdown in atmospheric air is defined as the total electron number of ∼106. This breakdown threshold decreases with an increase of pressure and laser photon energy (shorter wavelength), which is consistent with the theory of initial multiphoton ionization and subsequent avalanche processes. For the 100 ps laser pulse cases, a clear threshold is not present and only marginal pressure effects can be observed, which is due to the short pulse duration leading to stronger multiphoton ionization and minimal collisional avalanche ionization.

Topic: Laser-induced spectroscopy and plasma
Subfield: Mechanics of Materials
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Infrared Emission of B<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>(g)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTInfrared Emission of B2O3(g)David A. Dows and Richard F. PorterCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1956, 78, 20, 5165–5166Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1956Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1956https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01601a008https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01601a008research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views56Altmetric-Citations11LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts

Topic: Machine Learning in Materials Science
Subfield: Materials Chemistry
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Heat Waves and Its Impact on Crop Production and Mitigation Techniques: A Review

Globally, heat waves are getting worse and more common. India experienced its warmest March and April on record, with maximum and minimum temperatures unusually rising in most of the nation. In 10 out of the 36 meteorological subdivisions during this time, the extreme temperatures were found to be higher by +8 to +10.8°C and the rainfall lower by -60 to -99 percent, respectively, compared to normal. Additionally, 2022 will be remembered as a prime example of the combined effects of high temperatures and low rainfall on agricultural production systems, particularly in northern and central India. Climate variability and change have an impact on India's agricultural production. In the states of Punjab, Haryana, and Rajasthan, abnormally high maximum and minimum temperatures in 2022 had an impact on livestock, crops, and fruits and vegetables. Himachal Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Bihar, and Maharashtra, as well as Jammu and Kashmir. The heat wave coincided with the wheat crop's grain filling and development stage, causing the grain to yellow and shrivel, forcing it to mature, and lowering yields by 15 to 25 percent. A variety of technologies are available to reduce the yield loss in wheat caused by a heat wave, and some of them have been implemented on farmer fields. As compared to the local variety HD-3086, several heat-tolerant wheat varieties, including PBW 803, DBW 187, and DBW 222, can withstand high temperatures while still producing normal yields.

Topic: Climate change impacts on agriculture
Subfield: Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
FPGA implementation of tunable arbitrary sequencer for key generation mechanism

In the present scenario information security has become a predominant issue. Cryptography is the process used for the purpose of information security. In cryptography message is encrypted with key produces cipher and decrypts the original message from cipher uses variety mechanisms and permutations. This paper presents a key generation mechanism suitable in cryptography applications which plays a vital role in data security. Random key generation techniques are multiplexed and configured in FPGA. In run time based on priority of section inputs randomly one method selectively produces a key which inputs to cryptosystem. Jitter process generates random numbers based on clock frequency triggered to oscillators, which produces pseudo random keys, but it consumes more resources when compared with other methods, but randomness in generated key is exponential. Pre stored random numbers in Block Memory are generated using IP core generator. The main advantage of the proposed model is to produce random keys which will be secure, predictable and attains high security. Due to its configurable nature, FPGA’s are suitable for wide variety of applications which can configure in runtime to implement custom designs and needs. Random number generation techniques are designed using Verilog HDL, simulated on Xilinx ISE simulator and implemented on Spartan FPGA.

Topic: Chaos-based Image/Signal Encryption
Subfield: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
ON THE EFFECT OF TOPOGRAPHY IN CONTROLLING SOIL WATER CONDITIONS, WITH SPECIFIC REGARD TO CUT SLOPE PIEZOMETRIC LEVELS

When assessing cut slope stability, it is always necessary to make some estimate of soil water conditions. A realistic estimate can be difficult to obtain and yet a small variation in estimated pore pressure often leads to a large difference in the factor of safety. The critical problem is to decide which are the dominant controlling factors out of the many which affect the soil water conditions at any particular site. Some guidance can be obtained from Ruxton (1980) who briefly reviewed the controlling hillslope hydrological factors. This paper explores the nature of one of these controls, namely topographically induced soil water convergence, and discusses its likely association with piezometric levels in a cut face. (Author)

Topic: Landslides and related hazards
Subfield: Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Inter-operator reliability of an onsite machine learning-based prototype to estimate CT angiography-derived fractional flow reserve

Abstract Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: None. Background Advances in computed tomography (CT) and machine learning have enabled on-site non-invasive assessment of fractional flow reserve (ML-FFRCT). However, reproducibility of measurements across operators is not well demonstrated. Purpose This study was designed to measure the inter-operator variability and reproducibility of Coronary CT Angiography–derived fractional flow reserve values using a post-processing prototype based on a machine learning algorithm (ML-FFRCT). Methods We included 60 symptomatic patients who underwent coronary CT angiography. FFRCT was calculated by 2 independent operators after training using a machine learning based on-site prototype. FFRCT was measured 1 cm distal to the coronary plaque or in the middle of the segments if no coronary lesions were present. Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and Bland-Altman analysis were used to evaluate inter-operator variability effect in FFRCT estimates. Sensitivity analysis was done by cardiac risk factors, degree of stenosis and image quality. Results A total of 535 coronary segments in 60 patients were assessed. The overall ICC was 0.986 per patient (95% CI: 0.977 - 0.992) and 0.972 per segment (95% CI: 0.967 - 0.977). The absolute mean difference in FFRCT estimates was 0.012 per patient (95% CI for limits of agreement: -0.035 - 0.039) and 0.02 per segment (95% CI for limits of agreement: -0.077 - 0.080). Tight limits of agreement were seen on Bland-Altman analysis. Distal segments had greater variability compared to proximal/mid segments (absolute mean difference 0.011 vs 0.025, p &amp;lt; 0.001). Sensitivity analysis showed similar results across degrees of stenosis, image quality and those with cardiac risk factors such as hypertension, diabetes and dyslipidemia. Conclusion A high degree of inter-operator reproducibility can be achieved by onsite machine learning based ML-FFRCT assessment. Future research is required to evaluate the physiological relevance and prognostic value of ML-FFRCT.

Topic: Cardiac Imaging and Diagnostics
Subfield: Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Angiogenesis and Vascularity for Tissue Engineering Applications

Tissue engineering is a field of medicine that has experienced significant growth in prominence over the past three decades.Though traditional interventions exist for many medical maladies, tissue engineering aims to combat such disorders through the synthesis of body tissues and organs, resulting in functional implants.Tissue engineering takes an innovative approach, often utilizing autologous stem cells for tissue construction or materials that are biocompatible while avoiding immune rejection (Nomi et al., 2002).Despite its immense successes, a major hurdle still faces tissue engineering.Large volumes of implanted tissue are unable to stimulate the formation of necessary blood vessels required for their survival.In the body, naturally occurring, equivalent vascular networks serve vital functions in gas and nutrient exchange, metabolic processes, and waste expulsion.Though individual, large vessels have been successfully engineered for implant, it is still exceptionally difficult to fashion a stable and sustainable network of vessels for large volumes of tissue (Nomi et al., 2002).Neovascularization after tissue damage requires a level of positive and negative control that has not been successfully replicated in a laboratory environment to date.As such, rapid de novo synthesis of a controlled, established vascular network remains a challenge today.Angiogenesis is the morphogenic process of forming new blood vessels from pre-existing ones (Laschke et al., 2006;Dai and Rabie, 2007;Li and Rabie, 2007).This event plays an important, normal physiological role in wound healing, tissue repair, pregnancy, and exercise (Ferrara and Davis-Smyth, 1997), and exists in contrast to vasculogenesis (the formation of the every first blood vessels in the body, and especially predominant in embryological development).Yet, the abuse of angiogenesis, leading to an uncontrolled vascular formation as a consequence of epigenetic influence, nucleotide polymorphisms, or endocrine irregularities can also result in tumor formation (Verbridge et al., 2010).However, angiogenesis is clearly an activity that is central to development and tissue maintenance.Successful modulation of angiogenesis can have profound therapeutic outcomes for organs and tissues deprived of an adequate, stable vasculature.Studies from the last two decades have shown that the manipulation of various factors directly influences angiogenic outcome.www.intechopen.com

Topic: Angiogenesis and VEGF in Cancer
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
What If We Could Swallow Medicines Instead of Needing Painful Injections?

People usually take medicines by swallowing a tablet or pill, but many important medicines cannot be taken by mouth. Vaccines, for example, must be injected using a needle and syringe. You might know people who have diabetes, a condition in which the body does not make enough of the hormone insulin. Insulin allows your cells to use the sugar in your blood for energy. People with diabetes must take insulin to be able to lower their blood sugar levels. Unfortunately, people cannot take insulin by mouth because the acid in the stomach will attack it like food. Insulin is also large and cannot cross the wall of the intestine to get into the blood, which is where it needs to go. Instead, people must take insulin by injecting it into the blood. But what if medicines, like insulin, could be designed so they could be swallowed instead of being injected?

Topic: Diabetes Management and Research
Subfield: Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Research on the Psychological Model of Free-floating Bike-Sharing Using Behavior: A Case Study of Beijing

As a clean, sustainable transport tool, bicycles have significant advantages in short-distance travel. Despite many efforts assumed in Beijing to improve the cycling environment, the popularity of cycling remains relatively low. However, the advent of the free-floating bike-sharing (FFBS) system has engendered an unexpected cycling enthusiasm in Beijing. Therefore, it is of great importance to delve into why travelers prefer FFBS as a transportation form from a psychological perspective. In this paper, 352 valid questionnaires were collected from an online survey, and an extended theory of planned behavior (TPB) was adopted to examine the psychological determinants of intention and actual behavior to use FFBS. The results showed that men and car-owners prefer vehicles and show a lower willingness to use FFBS. In contrast, residents under the age of 60, residents with FFBS riding experience, and residents skilled in cycling are inclined to use FFBS; the economic convenience of FFBS is the most important attractant for FFBS, while bad weather is the biggest hindrance factor for residents to use FFBS; however, imperfection in infrastructure has no significant impact on reducing residents’ willingness to use FFBS. These results have important implications for planners to better understand the FFBS use behavior, and several suggestions are proposed to support the policymaking about FFBS.

Topic: Urban Transport and Accessibility
Subfield: Transportation
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Psychological Preparation for Gastroscopy: A Brief Intervention Reduces Patient Stress More than a Detailed Intervention

The efficacy of psychological preparation for gastroscopy was investigated by allocating 43 subjects presenting for routine diagnostic gastroscopy to three groups. Of these, eight received a detailed 40-minute preparation with information on the gastroscope, the examination procedure, sensations to be expected, and a variety of coping mechanisms, including relaxation techniques; 15 subjects had a 10-minute preparation in which brief procedural and sensory information were given, and two coping mechanisms described; 20 control subjects received no preparation. The briefly prepared subjects showed a decisive advantage over both the controls and the detailed preparation group in measures of mood and behavioural manifestations of stress. Implications of these findings are considered with regard to the emotional factors co-existing with gastric-duodenal ulcerative disease, particularly in a South African context, and for the cost-effective preparation of patients for this and other stressful medical procedures.

Topic: Music Therapy and Health
Subfield: Social Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
ADAPTABILITY AND PRODUCTION PRACTICES OF MILLET (KABOG) GROWN UNDER CSCST- BARILI CAMPUS CONDITION

Studies on millet production practices were conducted at CSCST-Barili Campus research experimental site to determine: 1) the effects of the different methods of seeding, 2) individual effects of planting distance and plant density as well as their interaction effects, and 3) individual effects of the time and the rate of fertilizer application as well as the interaction effects of the two on the growth and yield performance of millet.
Planting seeds by dropping into holes (T1) resulted to a significantly higher plant height, aboveground and underground biomass, number of tillers and panicles per hill, panicle length, weight of panicle and weight of grains per panicle as compared when seeds were drilled along the furrows (T2) and by broadcasting (T3).
Plants planted at closer space (Pd1 and Pd2) had taller plant height than plants planted at wider space (Pd3). At 25cm x 25cm planting distance, plants had higher above ground biomass, more number of tillers produced as compared to the other planting distances (Pd1 and Pd3). Significant differences were observed in the result of the under-ground biomass, weight of panicle per hill, weight of grains per panicle and grain yield. Almost similar results were obtained in the number of tillers produce per hill.
In terms of plant density, more number of tillers and panicles per hill in D3 (3 plant/hill) than D1 (1 plant/hill) and D2 (2 plants/hill) were observed. But the length and weight of panicle as well as the weight of grains per panicle were lower in D3.
Significant differences were observed between plant distance and plant density in terms of number of days from planting to panicle initiation, plant height, above and underground biomass, number of tillers, weight of panicle per hill and grain yield per plot. While, not significant difference were observed in panicle length and weight of grains per panicle.
Plants applied with fertilizer at 30 DAP had higher results as compared to plants applied with fertilizer at 45 DAP. Significant difference was observed in the rate of fertilizer application in all the growth and yield parameters gathered.
Significant difference was observed in the rate of fertilizer application in all the growth and yield parameters gathered. Plant height was significantly affected by the rate of fertilizer applied while the underground biomass and weight of grain per panicle were significantly affected by the time of fertilizer application. Significant differences were observed between the interaction effect of rate and time of fertilizer application to the growth and yield of millet.

Topic: Leaf Properties and Growth Measurement
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Prurigo nodularis of Hyde: an update

Abstract Prurigo nodularis of Hyde is an unusual disorder of unknown aetiology characterized by extremely pruritic nodules with well defined clinical and histopathological aspects. The literature on this disease is reviewed, focusing on the historical background, aetiology, pathogenesis, histopathology and ultrastructure, clinical aspects, differential diagnosis and therapeutic alternatives.

Topic: Dermatology and Skin Diseases
Subfield: Dermatology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Cecilia Bartoli sings Mozart, Rossini, Vivaldi, and Pergolesi a stunning selection of arias from the Savoy Hotel in London

Revisit a jaw-dropping recital by the divine Cecilia Bartoli near the beginning of her storied career, aged 25 and already at the height of her powers. Accompanied by pianist Georg Fischer at the Hotel Savoy in London, the young diva performs a series of arias and melodies with an absolutely breathtaking power and agility over the entirety of her expansive range. Bartoli enchants the London audience with her warm and rich timbre, deployed with emotion and technical virtuosity in a repertoire that shows her adaptability and comfort in a wide-ranging repertoire, from Baroque songs by Pergolesi and Giacomelli (the gorgeous "Sposa son disprezzata," popularized by and often falsely attributed to Vivaldi) to classic bel canto arias by Mozart and Rossini. She also has the acting skills of a born entertainer: be sure not to miss the delightful theatrics of "Voi, che sapete" or the dazzling, almost superhuman vocal runs of "Una voce poco fa" ....

Topic: Ion Channels and Receptors
Subfield: Sensory Systems
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences
Chromosome Studies in Cyperaceae, IV

The chromosome numbers of 32 species and 3 varieties of the genus Carex have been reported. Five haploid numbers, 6, 8, 12, 13 and 17 are newly added to the series of known chromosome numbers of this genus, hence we have the total of 33 different haploid chromosome numbers, namely, 6, 8, 9, 12, 13, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, every number of 23-43, 54 and 56.The karyotypes of Carex siderosticta, C. lasiolepis, C. oxyandra and C. Reinii have been determined as follows, 1Lt+3L+2S, 3L+5S, 1 Lt+2L+4M+2S, 2L+7M+4S, respectively.In 3 species aneuploid chromosome numbers have been found, i.e. in Carex gibba 2n=34 and 36, in C. breviculmis n=34 and 2n=64 and in C. conica 2n=34, 35 and 38. The ployploid relation has also been found in a single species, C. siderosticta, and also in the subsection Mitratae.From the fact that artificial species hybrids have been obtained in 19 combinations (37.3% of all crosses actually made) of 13 species, it is suggested that natural hybridization may often occur and it must have a relation to the considerable extent to the origin of aneuploidy which is too complex to interpret satisfactorily in this genus.Here the writer wishes to record his cordial thanks to Prof. Y. Sinotô under whose direction the work has been carried out. Thanks are also due to Dr. S. Akiyama, Dr. H. Hara, Dr. F. Maekawa who kindly identified most of the plants used, and to Dr. Ohwi who had interest in the present work.

Topic: Botany, Ecology, and Taxonomy Studies
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences