jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Solve train stowage planning problem of steel coil using a pointer-based discrete differential evolution

Train stowage planning problem of steel coil (TSPP) is to determine loading locations of the coils on train railcars, which is rarely studied, and an important optimisation problem in real iron and steel industry. In this paper, first, according to the actual situations of a steel products transportation department, the problem is formulated as an integer programming (IP) mathematical model in which multiple destination stations, varied stowing modes and different railcar types are considered. Then, on the basis of a general discrete optimisation algorithm framework, i.e. pointer-based discrete differential evolution (PDDE), a novel variant (T-PDDE) is proposed for effectively solving the TSPP. In particular, to deal with the issue of transformation between stowage plan and algorithm individual, a problem-based coding method is designed. To further enhance the algorithm performance, a double levels evolution strategy and an opposite-based local search are developed based on the features of problem. Finally, with the practical and simulative data, extensive comparison experiments are carried out to evaluate the proposed algorithm. The numerical results demonstrate the superiority of T-PDDE on solving TSPP.

Topic: Maritime Ports and Logistics
Subfield: Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
LHD firdac #946250.1

Line integrated electron density (neL) and its profile calculated from raw data of FIR laser interferometers, FIR1, FIR2, and FIR3. Time resolution is basically 10 milli-second, and the time axis array is stored in the last, i.e. 14th channel.

Topic: Railway Systems and Energy Efficiency
Subfield: Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Complete Genome Sequence of Chlamydia abortus MRI-10/19, Isolated from a Sheep Vaccinated with the Commercial Live <i>C. abortus</i> 1B Vaccine Strain

We report the complete genome sequence of Chlamydia abortus MRI-10/19, recovered from the infected placenta of a sheep that had been vaccinated with the commercial live attenuated C. abortus 1B vaccine strain. Comparative analysis revealed 1 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) difference and 4 indels compared to the vaccine strain.

Topic: Reproductive tract infections research
Subfield: Microbiology
Field: Immunology and Microbiology
Domain: Life Sciences
Optic disc biomorphometry with the Heidelberg Retina Tomograph at different reference levels

ABSTRACT. Purpose: The Heidelberg Retina Tomograph (HRT) is a confocal scanning laser tomograph that produces high resolution optical section images of the optic disc and central retina. Measurement accuracy and reproducibility is good. Several of the stereometric variables depend on the definition of a reference plane level. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the four different reference levels in terms of their advantages and disadvantages in clinical work. Methods: Sixty‐seven randomly chosen eyes belonging to 67 subjects were included in this study. Forty of the eyes were healthy and 27 had glaucoma. The HRT with software versions 1.09 and 1.11 was used to acquire and evaluate topographic measurements of the optic disc. Image analysis was performed at four different reference levels: 320 µm fixed offset reference level (REFd) (version 1.09), an individually determined reference level (REFi), a papillo‐macular reference level (REFm) and a flexible reference level (REFf) (version 1.11). ANOVA was used to determine differences in the topographic parameters between the reference levels. Results: In terms of the healthy eyes, all the variables using different reference levels give rather similar results. However, with advanced glaucoma the measurement values provided with REFd are clearly different to those of the other reference levels. The measurement values using REFm and REFf provide fairly similar results in all clinical groups. REFf indicates the lowest point in the segment between 350° and 356° along the contour line and thus provides the most stable and clinically useful reference level at present. Conclusion: At present, the flexible reference level REFf gives the most reliable and adequate HRT measurement values, both in normal and in glaucomatous eyes.

Topic: Glaucoma and retinal disorders
Subfield: Ophthalmology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Neuro-Ophthalmic Literature Review

I am certain that we would all welcome a method of measuring intracranial pressure that eliminates the risk, discomfort, expense, unreliability, and inconvenience of invasive techniques such as lumbar puncture, external ventricular drainage and intraparenchymal probes.The authors conducted a literature review of the current non-invasive methods of measuring intracranial pressure and compared these with the "gold standard" methods in their ability to screen for elevated intracranial pressure and to estimate intracranial pressure in patients with glaucoma.The currently available non-invasive techniques of measuring intracranial pressure included in this review are ultrasonography to measure the diameter of the optic nerve sheath, magnetic resonance imaging (MR-ICP), computerised tomography (CT), transcranial doppler (TCD), ophthalmodynamometry, electroencephalography (EEG), intraocular pressure (IOP), optical coherence tomography (OCT), visual evoked potential (VEP) and pupillometry.In cases of suspected pseudotumour cerebri the authors found that measurements of optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) using ultrasound, MR and CT were the most studied options and had high sensitivity.However, they note that "normal" ONSD seems to be population specific and would likely need to be determined individually for each institution.MR-ICP was found to be closest to providing a reliable non-invasive technique for measuring intracranial pressure in patients with glaucoma.

Topic: Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis
Subfield: Neurology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
A Bni4-Glc7 Phosphatase Complex That Recruits Chitin Synthase to the Site of Bud Emergence

Bni4 is a scaffold protein in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae that tethers chitin synthase III to the bud neck by interacting with septin neck filaments and with Chs4, a regulatory subunit of chitin synthase III. We show herein that Bni4 is also a limiting determinant for the targeting of the type 1 serine/threonine phosphatase (Glc7) to the bud neck. Yeast cells containing a Bni4 variant that fails to associate with Glc7 fail to tether Chs4 to the neck, due in part to the failure of Bni4 V831A/F833A to localize properly. Conversely, the Glc7-129 mutant protein fails to bind Bni4 properly and glc7-129 mutants exhibit reduced levels of Bni4 at the bud neck. Bni4 is phosphorylated in a cell cycle-dependent manner and Bni4 V831A/F833A is both hyperphosphorylated and mislocalized in vivo. Yeast cells lacking the protein kinase Hsl1 exhibit increased levels of Bni4-GFP at the bud neck. GFP-Chs4 does not accumulate at the incipient bud site in either a bni4::TRP1 or abni4 V831A/F833A mutant but does mobilize to the neck at cytokinesis. Together, these results indicate that the formation of the Bni4-Glc7 complex is required for localization to the site of bud emergence and for subsequent targeting of chitin synthase.

Topic: Fungal and yeast genetics research
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Identification of Emotion Parameters in Music to Modulate Human Affective States

Emotions are a complex aspect of human being that is being widely explored to improve human-machine interaction. This complexity makes emotions the object of study in several works, particularly the ones that aim to further understand human emotional behavior or to use affective states to control interfaces and/or create personalized content. In this context, emotion recognition is one of the key topics. The effectiveness of this recognition depends on the way the different emotions are being represented. There are two main ways to categorize emotions: the discrete model, in which emotions are directly labeled; and the two-dimensional model, which associates emotions to secondary parameters such as valence and arousal. The dimensional approach has particularly drawn attention since it can provide a more fine-grained emotion assessment. In this approach, each emotion may be represented as function of valence and arousal continuous values. However, the automatic identification of valence and arousal degrees from a particular content is a difficult task, which may be benefited by the use of artificial intelligence algorithms. Therefore, this chapter proposes an approach to the automatic identification of emotions induced by musics of different genres based on the prediction ofntheir valence and arousal parameters. To achieve this goal we extracted explicit numerical features from the songs and used this set of features to train regression models based on Linear Regression, SVM, ELM, Random Forest, and MLP. Random Forest model outperformed the others with better correlation coefficients and lower errors for predicting both arousal and valence values from the music signals. Arousal prediction with Random Forest resulted in a Pearson's correlation coefficient of 0.85 ± 0.01. While valence was predicted with a correlation of up to 0.76 ± 0.02. Furthermore, a Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) feature selection study was also conducted in an attempt to better assess the correlation between the extracted features and the emotional parameters associated with the songs. The use of PSO significantly reduced the dimensionality of the vectors used to represent both valence and arousal information.

Topic: Music and Audio Processing
Subfield: Signal Processing
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Cell density-dependent regulation of p73 in breast cancer cells

Molecular regulation of p73, a p53 family member, remains unclear. Here we report that p73 expression is significantly regulated by cell densities. In particular, we found that p73alpha and p73beta are differentially regulated. While p73beta protein levels were inversely correlated with cell densities, p73alpha protein levels behaved oppositely. We further showed that density-dependent changes of p73alpha follow the same patterns as E2F-1 and TAp73 mRNA levels, suggesting transcriptional regulation. Our data also suggest that high levels of p73beta at lower densities may be due to increased protein stability. However, AIP-4/Itch appeared not to be involved in downregulation of p73beta at high densities. Moreover, we also found that subcellular location of p73 isoforms changes with the culture density increases. While high level of p73beta at low density was mainly presented in the nucleus, low levels of this protein at high densities were mainly in the cytosol. Taken together, these findings reveal a novel mechanism that differentially regulates p73 isoforms and underscores the role of cell-cell interaction in p73 regulation, which may advance our understanding of p73 expression and function in human cancers.

Topic: Cancer-related Molecular Pathways
Subfield: Oncology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Power faces in regional governance☆

The literature on power displays little interest in the subject of regional governance and the literature on governance tends to neglect issues of power. This article aims to reintroduce power into the governance debate. To this end, we adopt Barnett and Duvall’s broad power perspective that includes four faces of power. With this broad perspective, we analyse a regional governance case study on the implementation of nature policy in the Netherlands. Our main conclusion is that each of the four faces of power reveals different aspects of this case, and that only by taking them together can we fully explain the outcome of the case. We also suggest that such a broad analysis of power in regional governance studies would greatly contribute to understanding governance processes and their outcomes in general.

Topic: European Union Policy and Governance
Subfield: Political Science and International Relations
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Intrinsically Active Surface in a Pt/γ-Mo<sub>2</sub>N Catalyst for the Water–Gas Shift Reaction: Molybdenum Nitride or Molybdenum Oxide?

Apart from active metals, supports also contribute significantly to the catalytic performance of supported metal catalysts. On account of the formed strain and defects, the heterostructured surface of the support may play a crucial role to activate the reactant molecules, while it is usually neglected. In this work, the Pt/γ-Mo<sub>2</sub>N catalyst was prepared via a facile solution method. This Pt/γ-Mo<sub>2</sub>N catalyst showed excellent activity and stability for catalyzing the water-gas shift (WGS) reaction. The reaction rates at 240 °C were 16.5 mol<sub>CO</sub> mol<sub>Pt</sub><sup>-1</sup>s<sup>-1</sup> in product-free gas and 5.36 mol<sub>CO</sub> mol<sub>Pt</sub><sup>-1</sup> s<sup>-1</sup> in full reformate gas, which were almost 20 times that of the catalysts reported. It is found that the molybdenum species in the surface of the Pt/γ-Mo<sub>2</sub>N catalyst is molybdenum oxide as MoO<sub>3</sub>. This surface MoO<sub>3</sub> is very easily reduced even at room temperature, and it transformed into highly distorted MoO<sub><i>x</i></sub> (2 < <i>x</i> < 3) in the WGS reaction. The MoO<sub><i>x</i></sub> on the catalyst surface greatly enhanced the capability of generating active oxygen vacancies to dissociate H<sub>2</sub>O molecules, which induced unexpectedly superior catalytic performance. Therefore, the intrinsically active surface in the Pt/γ-Mo<sub>2</sub>N catalyst for the WGS reaction was molybdenum oxide as MoO<sub><i>x</i></sub> (2 < <i>x</i> < 3).

Topic: Catalysis and Hydrodesulfurization Studies
Subfield: Mechanical Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
The effects of sulforaphane on canine osteosarcoma proliferation and invasion

Abstract Recent evidence in in vitro and in vivo models suggests that sulforaphane ( SFN ), found in raw cruciferous vegetables, may have utility in chemoprevention, as an antineoplastic agent and as a free radical scavenger. The effects of SFN alone or with doxorubicin on cell viability were examined, as well as cell cycle kinetics, invasion capabilities and apoptosis in three canine osteosarcoma cell line ( D17 , OS 2.4 and HMPOS ). Results showed that SFN could not induce cell death at potentially physiological concentrations (&lt;50 μM ), but significantly diminished cell invasion and downregulation of focal adhesion kinase ( FAK ) signaling. Modest cell cycle changes were observed in each cell line. When doxorubicin was used in conjunction with SFN , there was a protective effect to doxorubicin‐induced cytotoxicity in D17 and OS 2.4 cells. Further studies examining SFN as a supplement are warranted, particularly in light of pro‐proliferative and cytoprotective properties in canine osteosarcoma.

Topic: Genomics, phytochemicals, and oxidative stress
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Esr, Ftir, And Optical Characterization Of The Layered Metal Phosphorus Chalcogenide Lattices And Their Intercalated Products.

The transition metal phosphorus chalcogenides (M(,2)P(,2)X(,6), where M is a divalent transition metal ion and X is a sulphur or selenium) crystallize in a layered structure where layers of transition metal ions are separated by two layers of chalcogenide atoms. Covalently bonded phosphorus, as P(,2), occupies 1/3 of the metal ion sites. The gap between chalcogenide layers, referred to as the van der Waals gap, is a region accessible to atoms, molecules, and ions. The insertion of such species into this region is known as intercalation. In this work, the properties of pure M(,2)P(,2)X(,6) lattices and the perturbation of these properties upon intercalation are investigated using ESR, optical, and FTIR techniques. From ESR spectra of Cd(,2)P(,2)Se(,6)-1%Mn(II), where the Mn(II) occupy Cd(II) sites, the conclusion is that the metal ion resides in a large axial field. The connection between this observation and the two dimensional nature of the material is discussed. Photoluminescence and photoluminescence excitation spectra of Cd(,2)P(,2)S(,6), Cd(,2)P(,2)Se(,6), Mn(,2)P(,2)S(,6), Zn(,2)P(,2)S(,6), and Cd(,2)P(,2)S(,6)(pyridine) are reported. The similarity between the optical properties of these compounds and GaS and GaSe is demonstrated. The orientation and oxidation state of cobaltocene, Co(C(,5)H(,5))(,2), as an intercalant in Cd(,2)P(,2)S(,6) is determined from ESR and optical measurements. Results are in conflict with those previously published. The room temperature intercalation of Cd(,2)P(,2)S(,6) by a pyridine solution of Fe('+3) results in the formation of a highly colored blue species within the van der Waals gap of the lattice that has tentatively been assigned to S(,8)('+2). Mass spectrometry of the thermal deintercalation products suggests the presence of 4,4'-bipyridine also within the van der Waals gap. The intercalation mechanism of Fe('+3)/pyridine is found to be different than the intercalation mechanism of wet pyridine. FTIR spectra of Cd(,2)P(,2)S(,6), Cd(,2)P(,2)Se(,6), Mn(,2)P(,2)S(,6), Fe(,2)P(,2)S(,6), and Co(,2)P(,2)S(,6) reveal that, in the iron and cobalt lattices, the trigonal distortion about the metal ion results in an electronic absorption at 1800 cm('-1) and 1200 cm('-1) respectively. Intercalating n-propylamine into Fe(,2)P(,2)S(,6) shifts this transition to higher energy. The results reported in this thesis demonstrate the effectiveness with which intercalation chemistry can be studied. (Abstract shortened with permission of author.)

Topic: Organometallic Compounds Synthesis and Characterization
Subfield: Organic Chemistry
Field: Chemistry
Domain: Physical Sciences
BOSHLANG'ICH SINFLARGA MATEMATIKA FANINI O`QITISHDA NOAN`ANAVIY USULLARDAN FOYDALANISH

Ushbu maqolada boshang’ich ta’limda matematika fani, uning o’rgatilishi, ilk bosqichlarda o’qitish metodikasi, noan`anaviy metodlar shuningdek darslarni to’g’ri tashkil qilish haqida so’z yuritiladi.

Topic: Education, Innovation and Language Studies
Subfield: Education
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Racial Profiling in the Newsroom

This article examines patterns of story assignments at a metropolitan daily newspaper. The study's content analysis documents a form of racial profiling in which African American reporters write stories mostly about minority issues, while white reporters write stories mostly about government and business. Interviews with journalists documented the widespread belief that experience as a member of a racial minority helps the newspaper provide better coverage of minority issues. However, journalists of all races spoke of racial diversity only when they were talking about minority reporters and minority-oriented topics. The hegemony of whiteness was such that none of the journalists appeared to have thought about the role of whiteness in the coverage of the largely white realms of politics and business.

Topic: Media Studies and Communication
Subfield: Communication
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) Distribution in Thailand: a dataset

Here, we introduce a comprehensive dataset detailing the distribution of mosquitoes in Thailand. This curated biological compilation encompasses a total of 12,278 records, spanning across at least 117 distinct mosquito species (Diptera: Culicidae). Predominantly, these species belong to the genera <em>Aedes</em>, <em>Anopheles</em>, <em>Armigeres</em>, <em>Culex</em>, and <em>Mansonia</em>. The dataset's contents were amassed through regular mosquito surveillance initiatives and dedicated research projects conducted between 2007 and 2023. These efforts covered a vast expanse of 1,725 distinct locations situated within 66 out of Thailand's 77 provinces. The primary source of the data stems from the Thai database affiliated with the Thailand Malaria Elimination Program. To broaden the accessibility of mosquito-centric research and to encourage further exploration into Thailand's mosquito diversity, the dataset has undergone translation into English. As part of our commitment to facilitating knowledge dissemination, we have published this dataset on the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) platform. By taking this step, we aim to provide researchers across the globe with the means to delve into this valuable resource.

Topic: Mosquito-borne diseases and control
Subfield: Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
What's happened in MOOC Posts Analysis, Knowledge Tracing and Peer\n Feedbacks? A Review

Learning Management Systems (LMS) and Educational Data Mining (EDM) are two\nimportant parts of online educational environment with the former being a\ncentralised web-based information systems where the learning content is managed\nand learning activities are organised (Stone and Zheng,2014) and latter\nfocusing on using data mining techniques for the analysis of data so generated.\nAs part of this work, we present a literature review of three major tasks of\nEDM (See section 2), by identifying shortcomings and existing open problems,\nand a Blumenfield chart (See section 3). The consolidated set of papers and\nresources so used are released in\nhttps://github.com/manikandan-ravikiran/cs6460-Survey. The coverage statistics\nand review matrix of the survey are as shown in Figure 1 &amp; Table 1\nrespectively. Acronym expansions are added in the Appendix Section 4.1.\n

Topic: Online Learning and Analytics
Subfield: Computer Science Applications
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Genetic studies on the Senegal population. I. Mitochondrial DNA polymorphisms.

The mtDNA of 186 Senegalese, mainly Wolof and Peuls, were analyzed by means of six restriction enzymes: HpaI, BamHI, HaeII, MspI, AvaII, and HincII. Two of the HpaI, one of the HaeII, two of the MspI, and one of the AvaII morphs had not been described before. The only enzymes which enabled Wolof and Peuls to be differentiated were HincII and, to a lesser extent, HaeII. Important differences emerge in the comparison of Senegalese with Bantu of South Africa and with Bushmen, the only other Africans who, as far as we know, were studied for the same genetic markers. Though Senegalese mtDNAs display typical African features (presence and frequency of HpaI morph 3 and high incidence of AvaII morph 3), the distribution of MspI and AvaII patterns markedly differentiates Senegalese from the others. The phylogeny of mtDNA types in Africa well portrays how the three African groups are clearly distinguishable genetic entities. Bushmen lie at one end of the range of variability, Senegalese being at the other end but still fairly closely related to Bantu. The information provided by individual restriction enzymes to the distinction among the three major ethnic groups is reviewed and discussed.

Topic: RNA modifications and cancer
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences