jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Conversation-driven Social Media Optimization : Tactic and Effects on User Engagement

Creating engaging social media content remains the biggest challenge in digital marketing. Lack of framework and user-centric approach may contribute to campaign’s ineffectiveness in fostering user engagement. This research introduces Conversation-driven Social Media Optimization (SMO), a two-steps tactic as the solution. Twitter was used as the media, and Indonesian tourism was used as the context. In Conversation Mining and Analysis step, optimized words from the most popular (“Temple” topic) and least popular conversation (“Surfing” topic) in Twitter were gauged. Later, were used to construct digital contents (listicle, photo gallery, videos) in the Conversation Steering step. Evaluative experiment revealed that using the tactic in content creation has significant effect on user engagement, most importantly word-of-mouth intention. Enthusiasm to travel moderated the effects. Yet, the effect does not depend on inherent engaging level of the content. Lastly, video with optimized words from most popular conversation was proven to the most effective content.

Topic: Digital Marketing and Social Media
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
The future of work: disciplined useful activity

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to draw attention to the importance of the current global ecological overload (GEO) for the future of work in the twenty-first century and to propose a new understanding of what work is. Design/methodology/approach To achieve this purpose, the author uses qualitative methods to assess what is likely and what is possible. The author presents three broad-brush future scenarios, dubbed chaos, muddle and wisdom. The approach adopted depends on two basic normative principles, named Liveable Global Habitat and Necessities as of Right. Findings The neoliberal commitment to economic growth is a driver for GEO. A liveable future requires a decisive turn away from neoliberal values. As part of this, the author proposes a new understanding of work, disciplined useful activity, which differs radically from the current understanding. “Useful” means contributing to two basic principles: to maintain and enhance a civilised human society and a liveable global habitat for a rich variety of species; and to accord to all people, as of right, in practice and not merely in name, the basic necessities of a civilised life. Social implications AI and robots will probably continue to replace today’s kinds of human employment. But this need not render any humans unemployed, whose work (in the new sense) will be wanted in, for two examples, caring (including self-care) and participatory democracy. Originality/value This paper offers a contribution to the resolution of the current and anticipated problems of GEO and of disruptive technologies.

Topic: Innovation, Technology, and Society
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Interpersonal synchrony increases prosocial behavior in infants

Abstract Adults who move together to a shared musical beat synchronously as opposed to asynchronously are subsequently more likely to display prosocial behaviors toward each other. The development of musical behaviors during infancy has been described previously, but the social implications of such behaviors in infancy have been little studied. In Experiment 1, each of 48 14‐month‐old infants was held by an assistant and gently bounced to music while facing the experimenter, who bounced either in‐synchrony or out‐of‐synchrony with the way the infant was bounced. The infants were then placed in a situation in which they had the opportunity to help the experimenter by handing objects to her that she had ‘accidently’ dropped. We found that 14‐month‐old infants were more likely to engage in altruistic behavior and help the experimenter after having been bounced to music in synchrony with her, compared to infants who were bounced to music asynchronously with her. The results of Experiment 2, using anti‐phase bouncing, suggest that this is due to the contingency of the synchronous movements as opposed to movement symmetry. These findings support the hypothesis that interpersonal motor synchrony might be one key component of musical engagement that encourages social bonds among group members, and suggest that this motor synchrony to music may promote the very early development of altruistic behavior. A video abstract of this article can be viewed at http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IaqWehfDm7c&amp;feature=youtu.be

Topic: Action Observation and Synchronization
Subfield: Social Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Higher Education in Further Education: student perceptions of the value of foundation degree qualifications

This paper seeks to illuminate the crucial and contradictory features of Higher Education (HE) in Further Education (FE) student experience as seen through students’ perceptions. The empirical study of Foundation degree (Fd) students studying in FE Colleges using a critical hermeneutics approach, raises a contrasting perspective on the HE in FE landscape. It points to the students’ emerging critical awareness of the perceived limitations of the Fd qualification within the HE landscape and offers an insight into differing critiques of widening participation and opportunities for social mobility (Ainley 2009 Ainley, P. 2009. Review essay: The knowledge is out there. British Journal of Sociology of Education, 30(2): 251–258. [Taylor & Francis Online] , [Google Scholar]; Osborne 2006 Osborne, M. 2006. Flexibility and widening participation, Bristol: Higher Education Academy. [Google Scholar]). This is in contrast to various UK government policy statements which claim that widening participation strategies will result in a realignment of access to educational opportunities at HE level and that such widening participation students will be incorporated into a social framework that will facilitate economic prosperity for individuals and the economy.

Topic: Global Educational Policies and Reforms
Subfield: Political Science and International Relations
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Infectivity decline of an RNA plant virus by increased mutagenesis supports the lethal defection model in vivo

Junta de Andalucia (P09-CVI-5428 y P10-CVI-6561), Plan Nacional I+D+i (BFU2007-65080 BMC) y Universidad de Malaga (Plan propio)

Topic: Plant Virus Research Studies
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Looking again at the team dimension in systemic psychotherapy: is attending to group process a critical context for practice?

Team work and group supervision are essential features of the systemic model, yet there is surprisingly little literature on the impact of group process on both group supervision and team‐based therapy. Beginning with two vignettes which evoke some aspects of group process and are based on the personal experiences of the authors, this paper will review the literature on working in teams from within a systemic perspective. 1 Early models of teams and group processes within the literature will be criticized for their over‐reliance on technique; more recent models for their over‐reliance on collaboration. It will be argued that some systemic approaches to understanding teams can lead to group process issues becoming marginalized and covert, and therefore inevitably more difficult to address. However, viewing supervision groups as ‘social constructions’ is seen as a position offering more possibilities and, it will be argued, opens a pathway to embracing ideas from within psychoanalytic thinking on group process. Here ideas on group functioning, including the theories of, for example, Foulkes and Bion will be briefly reviewed and their implications for helping both supervisors and teams conceptualize group process discussed.

Topic: Psychotherapy Techniques and Applications
Subfield: Clinical Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Activation of neutrophil NADPH oxidase in a cell-free system. Partial purification of components and characterization of the activation process.

The superoxide-generating enzyme of human neutrophils, NADPH oxidase, is converted from an inactive to an active form upon stimulation of the neutrophil. This activation process was examined using a recently developed cell-free system in which dormant oxidase is activated by arachidonic acid in the presence of a soluble factor from the neutrophil (Curnutte, J. T. (1985) J. Clin. Invest. 75, 1740-1743). NADPH oxidase from unstimulated human neutrophils was detected only in the membrane fraction. The soluble activation factor was localized entirely to the cytosolic fraction and exhibited two peaks of activity when partially purified under nondenaturing conditions: a major peak with a molecular mass of approximately 250 kDa and a variable minor peak with a mass of approximately 40 kDa. Both forms activated NADPH oxidase in a similar manner and did not exhibit synergy when combined. The cytosolic factor is not protein kinase C (or another kinase) as both peaks of factor activity could be resolved from the protein kinase C peak and neither required calcium or ATP to activate the oxidase. Activation of NADPH oxidase did require the simultaneous presence of the membrane fraction, the cytosolic factor, arachidonic acid, and magnesium. Following activation, however, only the membrane fraction was then required for O2- production. Cytosolic factor levels were normal in five patients with either X-linked or autosomal recessive cytochrome b-negative chronic granulomatous disease. In contrast, the membrane fractions from each failed to generate O2-, indicating that the defects in these two genetic forms of chronic granulomatous disease reside either in the oxidase itself or in a membrane component required for activation.

Topic: Neutrophil, Myeloperoxidase and Oxidative Mechanisms
Subfield: Immunology
Field: Immunology and Microbiology
Domain: Life Sciences
Phaseolus vulgaris G3581

Plant Genetic Resource.<br>Taxonomy: Phaseolus vulgaris<br>Common name(s): beans<br>Other names: Cacahuate<br>Conserved by: Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical (CIAT), Colombia<br>Local sample unique identifier: G3581<br>Method of creation: Acquisition<br>Date: 1972-03-01<br>Other identifiers: n/a,X-9107<br>Historical: No<br>Biological status: Traditional cultivar/landrace<br>MLS status: Included

Topic: Microbial Natural Products and Biosynthesis
Subfield: Pharmacology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Impact of Ingredients on Quality and Shelf Life of Gluten-Free Baked Brownies

Abstract The greater awareness of celiac disease, a gluten intolerance in the intestine, has increased demand for gluten-free products. Gluten is a protein that gives breads, cakes, cookies, and other wheat-flour-based baked goods structure. Gluten removal from a baked good formulation has a variety of effects on the finished product. This study examines research conducted on the effects of many various ingredients on finished product quality of gluten-free baked brownies. Quality parameters of baked brownies were water content, hardness, cohesiveness, springiness, gumminess, chewiness, and total plate count during storage. In this study, brewers’s rice has been investigated for use in the production of a finished product with quality parameters comparable to wheat-based baked brownies. Gluten-free baked brownies commonly has reduced shelf life as compared to wheat-based brownies during storage at room temperature and refrigerator. Water content of brownies has increased 71% after 2 weeks stored in room temperature and 55% after two weeks in refrigerator. The texture of brownies has been decreased approximately 17% in terms of hardness.

Topic: Food Chemistry and Fat Analysis
Subfield: Food Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Supplementary Figure 1 from Rab25 Is a Tumor Suppressor Gene with Antiangiogenic and Anti-Invasive Activities in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma

&lt;p&gt;PDF file, 2272K, Expression tiling of Rab25 in 6 unpaired ESCC and non-tumor clinical samples.&lt;/p&gt;

Topic: Cellular transport and secretion
Subfield: Cell Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Monomer screening for sequence defined polymerization in a genetically modified ribosome

Sequence defined polymers, or polymers of a pre-determined length and sequence, are the “Holy Grail” of polymer synthesis. As the physical properties of polymers are highly dependent upon their chemical composition, the wide range of potential applications for sequence defined polymers has yet to be explored. After millions of years of evolution, the ribosome has become a highly efficient polymerization catalyst. In this project, we will work to capitalize on this efficiency to work to create unnatural sequence defined polymers in a genetically modified ribosome. Collaborators in the Jewett group are currently genetically modifying the ribosomal active site to widen the library of chemistries the ribosome is able to catalyze, while we are exploring the chemistries of monomers that could be polymerized by a genetically modified ribosome. This thesis will first identify monomers capable of polymerization under the restricted conditions set by the ribosome, followed by synthesis of promising monomers, and finally taking steps towards loading the synthesized monomers onto tRNA.

Topic: RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Low frequency spectra of layered plates and their parametrical study

New method based on the combination of asymptotic and numerical approaches is suggested for evaluating the total infinite set of dispersion curves. The long wave asymptotics for the complex dispersion curves are derived. It is proved that each dispersion curve has a flat segment at low frequency. The exact complex curves are calculated together with fundamental modes and their possible pure imaginary "sisters". The influence of the geometrical and elastic parameters is studied.

Topic: Ultrasonics and Acoustic Wave Propagation
Subfield: Mechanics of Materials
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Successful treatment with bortezomib for <scp>POEMS</scp> syndrome, overcoming complicated severe heart block

Abstract Cardiac bradyarrhythmia and conduction disorder may be rare, but recurrent adverse events caused by bortezomib. Here we report a case with POEMS syndrome presenting severe heart block after bortezomib plus dexamethasone therapy. After permanent pacemaker implantation, bortezomib was restarted and maintained, resulting in sustained complete response for POEMS syndrome.

Topic: Peripheral Neuropathies and Disorders
Subfield: Neurology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Why are American mink sexually dimorphic? A role for niche separation

American mink are highly sexually dimorphic, with males being up to twice the size of females. Sexual dimorphism may arise for several reasons, including intra‐ or inter‐sexual selection, inter‐sexual competition, or divergent reproductive roles. Whether or not dimorphism arises from competition, a degree of niche separation is expected in dimorphic species. Sexual divergence in feeding niche has been reported for many species, including mink. This is likely to be manifested in a greater degree of dimorphism in those structures, such as teeth, that are used for the acquisition of prey. We tested the hypothesis that teeth and other trophic structures of male mink would be significantly larger than those of females, after controlling for underlying skeletal size differences. Canine and carnassial teeth, and several skull dimensions, were larger than predicted in males. There is good evidence that sexual dimorphism in mink trophic apparati is greater than predicted from allometry. We examined the development of dimorphism in various features with age and found that it was not consistent. Several trophic features were dimorphic amongst juveniles, and the degree of dimorphism remained relatively constant with age. Dimorphism in canines, and in relative body mass, was less apparent amongst juveniles and increased with increasing age. We discuss our results in the light of contemporary theories on the evolution and maintenance of sexual size dimorphism and argue that niche separation as a result of dimorphism in trophic features, while probably not the driving force behind sexual size dimorphism, may play a role in its maintenance.

Topic: Wildlife Ecology and Conservation
Subfield: Ecology
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Promoting the High-quality Development of Belt and Road Economic Corridors in South Asia: A Multi-pronged Approach

The construction of economic corridors is a crucial way to promote the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) and is also an essential strategy for China's neighborhood diplomacy and economic cooperation. In the context of COVID-19 pandemic, the high-quality development of Belt and Road Economic Corridors can be promoted at various levels, including language and culture, policies and regulations, economic structures, financial services and social environment. Meanwhile, fieldwork surveys and other means are conducted to map out a long-term vision of the future development. To promote the spread of China's soft power in the economic corridor regions, we need to grasp the direction of public sentiment and social reactions so as to find problem-solving solutions, strengthen interconnectivity cooperation and build a community of shared future for mankind.

Topic: Belt and Road Initiative
Subfield: Economics and Econometrics
Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance
Domain: Social Sciences
How to design a useful test

This chapter guides the reader through the field of assessment of medical competence and performance by providing background information and a few guidelines. The most important messages the authors have tried to convey are that in designing high-quality assessments, foundations are rational decisions based on the best available evidence and careful quality control. The chapter describes the major strengths and weaknesses of different groups of commonly used assessment methods, using the five criteria that include: reliability, validity, educational impact, cost-efficiency and acceptability. Objective structured clinical examinations (OSCEs) and simulated patient (SP)-based examinations have become very popular for the assessment of (practical) skills. There are some interesting and potential possibilities presented by computer-based assessment that are unique to the format and not merely logistical advantages. The authors discuss three of them here — namely, real-time simulations, sequential testing and computer-adaptive testing.

Topic: Innovations in Medical Education
Subfield: Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
TRANSLATION AND THE PRODUCTION OF LOCAL LITERATURE

This article looks at Taiwan's appropriation of literary modernism and the novelist Wang Chen-ho's writing, seeking to understand the mode of translation in the production of local literature. Wang's writing demonstrates a peculiar blending of heterogeneous languages. Straddling multiple linguistic and cultural realms, it can be argued that the author is a translator. Wang's composition evinces the practice of expressing self differentiating difference. From this perspective, translation not merely points to a liminal writing space in which subjects inscribe their own subjectivities; it also becomes a vital mode of writing that inspires literary creation and transformation.

Topic: Japanese History and Culture
Subfield: Cultural Studies
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Prevalence, seasonality and severity of disease caused by pathogenic Escherichia coli in children with diarrhoea in Bolivia

The prevalence of infection caused by different categories of diarrhoeagenic E. coli (DEC) strains, including enteroaggregative (EAEC), enteropathogenic (EPEC), enterotoxigenic (ETEC), enteroinvasive (EIEC) and enterohaemorrhagic (EHEC) E. coli , in children who suffered from diarrhoea ( n = 3943) or did not have diarrhoea ( n = 1026) were analysed in two areas in Bolivia over a period of 4 years. We also analysed the seasonality of DEC infections and severity of diarrhoea in children with DEC infection and compared antibiotic resistance in DEC strains isolated from children with and without diarrhoea. Stool samples were analysed for the presence of DEC by culturing followed by PCR. The most prevalent DEC categories in samples from the children were: EAEC (11.2 %); ETEC (6.6 %); EPEC (5.8 %); and EIEC and EHEC (&lt;1 %). DEC strains were isolated significantly more often from diarrhoea cases (21.6 %) than from controls (17.6 %; P = 0.002). The number of children with diarrhoea associated with EAEC, EPEC and ETEC infections peaked in the Bolivian winter (April–September), although the proportion of DEC-positive stool samples was higher during the warm rainy season (October–March). High levels of antibiotic resistance were detected among the DEC strains. In particular, resistance to tetracycline and sulfamethoxazole–trimethoprim was significantly higher in strains isolated from individuals with diarrhoea than in samples from controls. The severity of disease in children infected with EAEC, EPEC and ETEC varied from mild to severe diarrhoea, although disease severity did not differ significantly between the different DEC categories. ETEC, EPEC and EAEC are commonly found in Bolivia and may cause severe disease in children.

Topic: Escherichia coli research studies
Subfield: Endocrinology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Relationships between factors of regional competitiveness in Central and Eastern Europe

The divide between the eastern and western parts of the European Union has been widely discussed. However, significant territorial differences are undoubtedly present even within the narrower eastern region of the EU. This study focuses on the competitiveness of regions in Central and Eastern Europe (CEE). The analysis relies on the pyramid model, the theoretical background of which provides the basis for investigating the factors affecting the competitiveness of the 51 NUTS 2 regions across six CEE countries. Partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) is applied to examine the relationships and effect mechanisms between the model’s factors (more specifically, between the latent variables representing the factors). We have adapted our general model to the so-called overperforming and underperforming regions described by Iammarino et al. (2019), exploring the connections of their competitiveness factors in this context. Research results reveal that the effect mechanisms observed between the above-mentioned regions are completely different. Various factors can be considered as either important or less decisive in terms of competitiveness development, which could have implications for regional policy moving forward.

Topic: Global Trade and Competitiveness
Subfield: Strategy and Management
Field: Business, Management and Accounting
Domain: Social Sciences