jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
The Right to Believe and Believing the Right Thing

During the summer of 1981 I had field training in an ‘outreach ministry’ of the United Church of Canada on an Ojibway Indian reserve in southern Manitoba. The Protestant churches first placed white ministers on the Swan Lake Reserve with the undeclared but clear intention to suppress the ‘paganism’ of traditional Ojibway spirituality. But the present policy of the United Church is to support the Band's recovery of self-determination in politics, culture, and religion. Some people in the United Church (and outside it) may worry that this non-proselytizing policy is a betrayal of our Christian duty to tell all the world that Jesus Christ is Lord. But quite the opposite is true. The silent witness given by the outreach minister in serving the needs of the Indians (as they see those needs) is one way to proclaim Christ's Lordship. Indeed it is the only way which is appropriate in our relations with a people whose exploitation has in the past proceeded under His name.

Topic: American Constitutional Law and Politics
Subfield: Political Science and International Relations
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Can Entire Departments be Burned Out? A Conservation of Resources Perspective on Burnout Contagion

Healthcare managers recognize that burnout can be contagious within work units, disrupting the performance of large employee groups, even entire departments. Emotional exhaustion can be quickly transferred between employees until the whole department is infected and its functioning is disrupted. However, despite managers’ recognition of burnout contagion, scholarly research on burnout has been limited mostly to an individual perspective. Some empirical studies have examined burnout contagion within small groups, but have not yet explored contagion within larger business units, nor have they examined how shared burnout can impact the actual functioning of departments. To address this gap, we draw on the conservation of resources model (Hobfoll, 1989) to examine how burnout contagion within hospital departments impacts four departmental outcomes: problem solving, interpersonal trust, goal setting, and performance. We tested our model in a large sample of employees from a hospital in the southern United States, organized into 65 departments. We found strong evidence that burnout was shared at the department level of analysis, and that low burnout departments scored significantly higher than high burnout departments on the four departmental outcomes. These findings give rise to a number of practical prescriptions for healthcare managers as well as directions for future research.

Topic: Healthcare professionals’ stress and burnout
Subfield: General Health Professions
Field: Health Professions
Domain: Health Sciences
Letter to the Editor “assessing the performance of virus-mimic nanoparticles against other nano-drug delivery systems in efficiency, biocompatibility, and patient results”

• Innovation in Oral Drug Delivery: The paper discusses the innovative development of virus-like nanoparticles that outperform traditional nano-drug delivery systems in terms of efficiency and biocompatibility. These advancements address key challenges in delivering medications through the gastrointestinal tract. • Superior Performance of Virus-Mimic Nanoparticles (VMN): VMN have demonstrated notable improvements in navigating the harsh environment of the gastrointestinal tract, enhancing drug absorption and dispersion. This is highlighted by their superior mucus layer penetration and bio-adhesion, crucial for effective oral drug delivery. • Biocompatibility and Safety: The virus-mimic nanoparticles have been shown to be safe and biocompatible in the studies conducted, exhibiting no significant cytotoxicity or tissue abnormalities. This safety profile supports their potential use in clinical settings. • Future Research Needs: While the results are promising, the paper emphasizes the need for further research into the long-term effects and immunological implications of VMNs. It calls for expanded applications and studies to determine the viability and cost-effectiveness of VMNs for broader clinical implementation. • Clinical and Therapeutic Potential: The conclusion of the paper suggests that VMNs hold significant potential for enhancing patient outcomes through improved bioavailability of oral medications. This sets the stage for future investigations into their comparative benefits against other nano-drug delivery systems in clinical settings.

Topic: Protein purification and stability
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
The bone marrow niche landscape: a journey through aging, extrinsic and intrinsic stressors in the haemopoietic milieu

Inflammation and its effects in the bone marrow microenvironment represent a paradigmatic condition in which the hematopoietic niche and the immune systems, thought to properly sustain blood cell production and distinguish between friend and foe, can actively sustain a corrupted neighborhood within a chronic aberrant inflamed state. The bone marrow niche hijacks the physiologic hematopoiesis. The interactions between the hematopoietic stem cells and the niche in the bone marrow are critical determinants of quiescence. We examined several approaches to confront the available evidence; three key points emerged, pointing to the chronic inflammation process, especially the chronic infection and systemic inflammatory states, as leading causes of hematopoietic stem cell depletion. Clonal hematopoiesis, defined as a relative expansion of individual clones, is caused by somatic alterations in essential hematopoietic genes, which increase stem cell fitness. Moreover, terminal differentiation plays a significant role in progenitor loss and inflammatory signaling, promoting clonal selection and clonal hematopoiesis conditions. Specific myeloid malignancies as paradigmatic examples are discussed as a condition associated with inflammation, including the 5q- syndrome, Philadelphia negative myeloproliferative neoplasms, and chronic myeloid leukemia. Aging with increased fitness and hematopoietic stem cell attrition, extrinsic stress, enhanced stressor-specific fitness, and intrinsic defect across the hematopoietic process represent the route for novel insights in defective hematopoiesis. The discussion in this review also points out that the hematopoietic niches’ inflammatory stimulation may affect differentiation patterns and the function of downstream cells.

Topic: Myeloproliferative Neoplasms: Diagnosis and Treatment
Subfield: Genetics
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Extension of algebroids Part I: The Construction

In this series of two papers we will generalise the concept of extending a Lie algebroid by a Lie algebra bundle, leading to a notion of extending a Lie algebroid by another Lie algebroid whose orbits lie in the orbits of the former algebroid. The resulting Lie algebroid's anchor will be the sum of the two initial anchors such that the constructions will be similar to matched pairs of Lie algebroids, but with the major difference that we will allow curvatures. In this part of this series we will focus on the canonical construction making use of strict covariant adjustments, a generalisation of Maurer-Cartan forms in the context of gauge theories equipped with a Lie groupoid action instead of a Lie group action. That is, a Cartan connection with certain conditions on the curvature. The second paper will introduce and explain the obstruction of the extension provided here. Examples will include locally split structures as in Poisson geometry. As a side result we achieve strong hints towards a possible obstruction theory for certain Cartan connections on Lie algebroids, which will be related to the obstruction of (non-trivial) action algebroids; generalising the statement of the action algebroid structure induced by flat Cartan connections.

Topic: Advanced Topics in Algebra
Subfield: Algebra and Number Theory
Field: Mathematics
Domain: Physical Sciences
P282 High Correlation Between Fecal Immunochemical Test and Fecal Calprotectin for the Evaluation of Activity in Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Abstract Background Fecal calprotectin (FC) is one of the most widely used biomarkers in IBD. The evidence suggest it has a good correlation with clinical disease activity, endoscopic and histological indices, thereby it can be used as treatment target. However, the availability and cost of the FC, makes it unattainable in some regions. We aimed to assess the correlation of noninvasive Fecal Immunochemical Test (FIT) and FC for activity prediction in IBD. Methods Consecutive outpatients with Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis were clinically evaluated and stool samples for FIT and FC were collected. The Mayo endoscopic sub-score and SES-CD were used to define endoscopic activity. Spearman’s rank correlations were used to evaluate the association between FIT and FCP. Receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curves were constructed to calculate the accuracy of FIT and calprotectin in discriminating patients with endoscopic inflammation. Results Two hundred and six patients (148 ulcerative colitis and 58 Crohn’s disease) were enrolled. There was a good correlation between FIT and FC (Spearman rank correlation coefficient rs = 0.71, P &amp;lt; 0.01). For calprotectin, a cutoff value of 250 mg/g predicted endoscopic inflammation with 75% sensitivity, 90% specificity, 97% positive predictive value, 50% negative predictive value, and an area under the curve of 0.861. For FIT, a cutoff value of 20 mg/g indicated endoscopic inflammation with 62.5% sensitivity, 90% specificity, 96% positive predictive value, 60% negative predictive value, and an area under the curve of 0.82. Conclusion Fecal Immunochemical Test has a good correlation with fecal calprotectin and can identify patients with IBD with endoscopic activity with a predictive accuracy similar to fecal calprotectin.

Topic: Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Subfield: Genetics
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
FreeWalk: a 3D virtual space for casual meetings

A meeting environment for casual communication in a networked community, FreeWalk provides a 3D common area where everyone can meet and talk freely. FreeWalk represents participants as 3D polygon pyramids, on which their live video is mapped. Voice volume remains proportional to the distance between sender and receiver. For evaluation, we compared communications in FreeWalk to a conventional desktop videoconferencing system and a face-to-face meeting.

Topic: Team Dynamics and Performance
Subfield: Social Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
The Role of Adrenergic and Cholinergic Receptors on the Antinociception of Intrathecal Zaprinast in the Formalin Test of Rats

Background: Spinal zaprinast, phospodiesterase inhibitor, has been shown to have an antinociception through an increase of cGMP.The aim of this study was to examine the role of spinal adrenergic and cholinergic receptors on the antinociceptive action of intrathecal zaprinast.Methods: Rats were implanted with lumbar intrathecal catheters.After formalin injection, formalin-induced nociceptive behavior (flinching response) was observed for 60 min.After observing the effect of intrathecal zaprinast, antagonism of intrathecal prazosin, yohimbine, atropine and mecamylamine for the effect of zaprinast were evaluated.Results: Intrathecal zaprinast produced a dose-dependent suppression of formalin-induced flinches in both phases of the formalin test.Intrathecal prazosin reversed the antinociception of zaprinast in phase 2, but not phase 1. Intrathecal yohimbine reversed the antinociception of zaprinast in both phases.Neither atropine nor mecamylamine reversed the antinocicetive action of zaprinast.Conclusions: Intrathecal zaprinast is against the nociceptive state evoked by formalin stimulus.Alpha 2 or alpha 1 adrenergic receptor, but not cholinergic receptors, may be related to the action of zaprinast in the spinal cord.(

Topic: Pain Mechanisms and Treatments
Subfield: Physiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Contentment-analysis of work environment in ways of safety at agricultural companies leaders and workers in Hajdú-Bihar county

In this paper the author has collected together his examinations about work place envi-ronmental and psychosocial contentment in the circle of farm-leaders and labourers. The direct aim of his examinations was to survey the occupational safety and health (OSH) related contentment in the circle of agricultural enterprises of Hajdú-Bihar County. The used data collection methods were questionnaires and guided interviews. In the question-naire there is a seven-grade Likert-type scale (Malhotra 2005), to evaluate the questioned factors. The result of the examinations shows the similarity and the differences among the two groups regarding to their OSH complacency.

Topic: Agriculture and Farm Safety
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Space of Discipline and Governmentality: The Singer Sewing Machine Factory, Clydebank, in the Twentieth Century

This paper examines work at the Singer factory, Clydebank, in the first half of the twentieth century. It employs a geographical reading of the temporal and spatial strategies of worker control in the factory. Using both archival and oral history data to critique commonly accepted understandings of factory work, I argue that although the factory space can be read as disciplinary, this must not obscure the resistive spatial and social strategies employed by workers. I draw on Foucault's ideas of discipline and governmentality but also consider the arguments of commentators analysing the modern work space and the ways in which the worker may evade and display ambivalence towards discourses aimed at them.

Topic: Political and Economic history of UK and US
Subfield: Political Science and International Relations
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Evaluation of numerical analyses of RAPD and API 50 CH patterns to differentiate Lactobacillus plantarum, Lact. fermentum, Lact. rhamnosus, Lact. sake, Lact. parabuchneri, Lact. gallinarum, Lact. casei, Weissella minor and related taxa isolated from kocho and tef

Journal Article Evaluation of numerical analyses of RAPD and API 50 CH patterns to differentiate Lactobacillus plantarum, Lact. fermentum, Lact. rhamnosus, Lact. sake, Lact. parabuchneri, Lact. gallinarum, Lact. casei, Weissella minor and related taxa isolated from kocho and tef Get access A. Nigatu A. Nigatu Ethiopian Health and Nutrition Research Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of Applied Microbiology, Volume 89, Issue 6, 1 December 2000, Pages 969–978, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2672.2000.01202.x Published: 01 December 2000 Article history Received: 08 March 2000 Revision received: 07 August 2000 Accepted: 21 August 2000 Published: 01 December 2000

Topic: Probiotics and Fermented Foods
Subfield: Food Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Partnerships, Configurations and Dynamics in the Creation and Development of SMEs by Researchers

This paper analyses the nature of high-tech firms created by academic researchers and the key factors that lead to their successful evolution. The author bases his remarks on a survey of 250 French high-tech companies with their origins in public research centres. He argues against the stereotypical representation of the academic as a poor entrepreneur and identifies common characteristics and expertise required by academic research workers and managers of high-tech SMEs. He demonstrates that the spin-off companies which have developed most successfully have been those with the greatest ability to bring into play a wide range of resources and skills, working through partnerships and networks, at local, national and international levels.

Topic: Innovation and Knowledge Management
Subfield: Strategy and Management
Field: Business, Management and Accounting
Domain: Social Sciences
The first record of Laboulbeniales (Fungi, Ascomycota) on Ants (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) in The Netherlands

Laboulbeniales (Fungi, Ascomycetes) are obligate ectoparasites of arthropods, mostly true insects. 80% of all Laboulbeniales parasitize beetles, 10% flies. Also other groups of insects are known to support Laboulbeniales infections. This paper gives data and microscopic illustrations on Rickia wasmannii from an ant, a Myrmica scabrinodis worker, collected in The Netherlands. It appears to be the first Dutch record of a myrmecophilous fungus. Information on specificity and geographical distribution is given

Topic: Subterranean biodiversity and taxonomy
Subfield: Paleontology
Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences
Domain: Physical Sciences
Accelerated Partial Breast Irradiation

The data from clinical trials investigating Accelerated Partial Breast Irradiation (APBI) have shown that with the proper patient selection, strict adherence to established guidelines and implementation of quality assurance procedures the efficacy outcomes using APBI are similar to those obtained using the conventional Whole Breast Irradiation (WBI) after breast-conserving surgery. The shorter treatment time with APBI could mean good implications for older patients, working women and patients who live far away from radiation therapy facilities and on the long run may prove to be a more cost-effective method of breast irradiation after breast-conserving surgery. Consequently, this is an indication that the desired rationale behind the implementation of a new method for radiotherapy has been achieved. The emergence of a new method of doing things did not render the previous method obsolete; it just offered patients the chance to have another option.

Topic: Breast Cancer Treatment Studies
Subfield: Cancer Research
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Doctors condemn NHS comparison website

The Department of Health has launched a web tool that will allow patients to rate and compare hospitals as if they were on an internet comparison site. 

The hospital “scorecard” on the NHS Choices website will enable patients to read reviews on mortality rates, infection rates (including rates for meticillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Clostridium difficile ), cleanliness, staff performance, quality of food, the extent to which patients were involved in decisions concerning their care and whether they would recommend the hospital to friends and …

Topic: Primary Care and Health Outcomes
Subfield: General Health Professions
Field: Health Professions
Domain: Health Sciences
Treatment of Lower Respiratory Tract Infections Due to Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Patients with Cystic Fibrosis

Twelve patients who underwent 26 episodes of lower respiratory tract infection due to Pseudomonas aeruginosa were treated with aztreonam. Infectious episodes were severe in 11 patients, moderate in 10 patients, and mild in five patients. In 85% of the episodes, significant clinical improvement occurred, but in four severe episodes, the clinical response was unsatisfactory. The mean interval between initiation of treatment and improvement was seven days. Aztreonam was as clinically effective in the treatment of infections due to organisms susceptible to penicillins active against Pseudomonas as it was in the treatment of infections due to organisms resistant to these agents. P. aeruginosa was not permanently eradicated from the sputum of any of the patients treated with aztreonam. It did not cause any major adverse effects, and the only laboratory abnormality found was an increase in alkaline phosphatase, which occurred during 12 (46%) courses of therapy. Levels of alkaline phosphatase returned to normal after conclusion of treatment. Aztreonam was shown to be clinically effective in the treatment of lower respiratory infections due to P. aeruginosa in patients with cystic fibrosis.

Topic: Cystic Fibrosis Research Advances
Subfield: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Hand-list of orchids, cultivated in the Royal Botanic Gardens

A whole generation was, however, to pass away before the culture of orchids was placed on an intelligent footing.Dr. Lindley during the middle part of the present century dominated the horticultural world.In 1830 he read a paper before the Royal Horticultural Society, in which, generalising from insufficient data, he concluded " that high temperature, deep shade, and excessive humidity are the conditions essential to the well-being of the plants " (Veitch, I. c, p. 119).Thirteen years later he was substantially followed by Mr. Bateman : " except the important direction to give the plants a season of rest" (J.r., p. 120).The cultural treatment approved by Lindley " became, as it were, the only orthodox one, and was generally persisted in, in all its essential points, for tip wards of thirty years."Two men, however, broke away from the ctirrent tradition and with conspicuous success." One of the first of these was Joseph Cooper, gardener to Earl Fitzwilliam, at Wentworth" (18;]5)."A still bolder innovation was adopted shortly afterwards by Paxton, at Chatsworth."In both cases the essential innovations were lower temperature and increased ventilation.The old tradition still, however, held its ground : -" plants perished under the barbarous treatment they received in the hot -houses of this country almost as fast as they were imported.To such an extent were the losses felt, that Lindley, in a remarkable article published in the Gardeners^ Chronicle towards the end of 1859, pronounced their treatment 'a deplorable faihtre,' and Mr. Bateman also some years later characterised it as ' incredible folly ' " (Veitch, I. c, p. 123).

Topic: Plant and animal studies
Subfield: Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Elite strategies, emphasis frames, and mass perspectives on electoral violence in Kenya

Existing research on electoral violence has largely proposed either top-down (elite) or bottom-up (mass) explanations for such conflict. Consequently, scholars have scarcely considered how elites’ tactics interact with the interests of citizens on the ground. This article proposes an issue-framing approach to fill the above gap. Drawing on over 140 original interviews conducted with elites and vernacular radio listeners in Kenya, we identify three emphasis frames – political marginalisation, victimisation, and foreign occupation – that found resonance with certain groups of Kenyan voters in 2007–2008. Specifically, we show that divisive messages – disseminated through ethnic radios – resonated among those communities for whom institutional or material factors had already provided reasons to fight. These findings from the Kenyan case suggest that in giving rise to election-related conflict, incendiary media messaging is likely to inform the choices of those groups who are predisposed towards violence.

Topic: Media Influence and Politics
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Complete Blood Count Reference Interval Diagrams Derived from NHANES III: Stratification by Age, Sex, and Race

There are age-dependent trends for many of the tests, notably in RDW, MCMV, platelet count, and granulocyte and lymphocyte percentages. Sex-dependent changes involved hemoglobin values, and race-related trends centered around mononuclear and lymphocyte percentages, hematocrit, MCHC, MCH, and hemoglobin. This study reveals the potential for using data mining of large samples to yield potentially useful reference ranges.

Topic: Inflammatory Biomarkers in Disease Prognosis
Subfield: Oncology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences