jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Neurocognitive outcome in children of mothers with epilepsy

This chapter reviews what one knows about the neurological and cognitive effects of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) on the developing fetus. The combined effects and interactions of genes and the environment determine neurodevelopment. Thus, a child's neurodevelopment is affected by that child's inheritance, the mother's age at the time of pregnancy, the child's birth order, the mother's health during the pregnancy, drug exposure, obstetric complications, the nutritional status of the mother and child, childhood illnesses, social and economic status of the family, the mother's and father's educational levels, as well as the child's educational opportunities. A variety of factors may contribute to the neurodevelopmental deficits observed in the children of women with epilepsy. Children born to mothers with epilepsy have a slightly higher risk of neurodevelopmental difficulties, which can be reduced by good health practices, good seizure control, and using only as much antiepileptic medication as is necessary for seizure control.

Topic: Pharmacological Effects and Toxicity Studies
Subfield: Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Engineering terpenoid oxidation by cytochrome P450BM3 for fine chemical synthesis

P450BM3 (CYP102A1) has a unique structure of having the electron-transfer reductase domain fused to the haem monooxygenase domain. The intramolecular electron transfer process makes P450BM3 catalytically self-sufficient and promotes high turnover rates. P450 enzymes activate C−H bonds via the insertion of an oxygen atom from atmospheric dioxygen and play key roles in the biosynthesis of endogenous compounds (terpenes, alkaloids and steroids). Oxygenated terpenoid compounds have desirable properties such as aromas, flavours and medicinal effects. The initial oxygenation step in terpenoid biosynthesis from the terpene precursors is invariably catalysed by a P450 enzyme. Chapter 3 describes the engineering and application of P450BM3 variants to develop efficient, two-step chemo-enzymatic synthesis routes to high value the norisoprenoid and isoprenoid aroma compounds b-damascenone, tabanone isomers, and rose oxide by late-stage C−H activation. The generation of diverse metabolites of common steroids via P450-catalysed direct C−H activation has important applications in the synthesis of steroidal agents for drug screening and development. Chapter 4 describes the engineering of P450BM3 for the mono- and di-hydroxylation of androstenedione (AD), dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and testosterone (TST). To design altered steroid binding orientations to broaden the regioselectivity, the structures of wild type P450BM3 and the steroid aromatase CYP19A1 are overlaid to identify key regions for scanning glycine mutagenesis which greatly expanded the product range of AD, DHEA and TST. In Chapter 5, more steroidal compounds are screened to show hydroxylation at multiple sites with high regio- and stereo-selectivity for androsterone (AN), epi-androsterone (EAN), progesterone (PROG) and pregnenolone (PREG).

Topic: Pharmacogenetics and Drug Metabolism
Subfield: Pharmacology
Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics
Domain: Life Sciences
Effects of Mechanical Properties of Snowboard on Snowboard Turn

The authors have proposed a numerical approach for estimating a snowboard turn. Also, they have proposed an identification method for equivalent elastic parameters of a snowboard. In this study, to clarify the effect of the mechanical property (elastic parameter) of snowboard on the snowboard turn, the numerical approach and the identification method are used. First, by using vibrational properties of the snowboard, the mechanical property that is one of important factors for simulating the snowboard turn is identified. Next, by using the identified mechanical property, the snowboard turn is simulated. Consequently, it is shown that the snowboard turn is influenced by the snowboard model. Furthermore, it is presented that the snowboard turn changes extremely even if the mechanical property of the snowboard are changed partially.

Topic: Winter Sports Injuries and Performance
Subfield: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Replication data for: Peers, Neighborhoods, and Immigrant Student Achievement: Evidence from a Placement Policy

We examine to what extent immigrant school performance is affected by the characteristics of the neighborhoods that they grow up in. We address this issue using a refugee placement policy that provides exogenous variation in the initial place of residence in Sweden. The main result is that school performance is increasing in the number of highly educated adults sharing the subject's ethnicity. A standard deviation increase in the fraction of high-educated in the assigned neighborhood raises compulsory school GPA by 0.8 percentile ranks. Particularly for disadvantaged groups, there are also long-run effects on educational attainment. (JEL I21, J15, R23)

Topic: Global Educational Reforms and Inequalities
Subfield: Demography
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Anti-Nociceptive and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of the Ethyl Acetate Extract of Belamcanda chinensis (L.) Redout&eacute; in Raw 264.7 Cells in vitro and Mouse Model in vivo

Xirui He,1 Yan Yang,1 Xufang Yuan,1 Yin Sun,2 Yongsheng Li3 1Department of Bioengineering, Zhuhai Campus of Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, 519041, People’s Republic of China; 2Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China (Northwest University), Ministry of Education, Xi’an, 710169, People’s Republic of China; 3Honghui Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, 710054, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Yongsheng Li, Honghui Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, 710054, People’s Republic of China, Email superlys2018@sina.comPurpose: Inflammation and accompanying pain is a common global health problem that seriously affects human quality of life worldwide. Here, we aimed to investigate the anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities of the ethyl acetate extract of B. chinensis (EAEBc) along with the underlying mechanisms of action.Methods: The in vitro anti-inflammatory activity of EAEBc was explored using an LPS-induced RAW264.7 cell inflammatory model. Nitric oxide (NO) production, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-6 levels were evaluated. In vivo anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities of EAEBc were assessed with the aid of classical experimental mouse models. In addition, LPS-induced biomarker contents (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, NO, iNOS, and PGE2) and formalin-induced serum inflammatory factors (NO, PGE2, 5-HT, β-EP, substance P, and NE) were determined in mice.Results: In vitro, EAEBc significantly reduced LPS-induced NO generation and suppressed the production of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 in RAW264.7 cells in a concentration-dependent manner. In vivo, EAEBc downregulated serum TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, NO, iNOS, and PGE2 contents in mice with LPS-induced inflammation in a dose-dependent manner. EAEBc displayed anti-inflammatory activity in carrageenan-induced paw edema and xylene ear edema tests. Intragastric administration of EAEBc at test doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg led to inhibition of nociception and capillary permeability induced by acetic acid to varying degrees. Similarly, EAEBc exerted analgesic effects in the formalin and hot plate tests. In particular, the administration of EAEBc reversed the changes in the levels of inflammatory indicators NO, PGE2, 5-HT, β-EP, substance P, and NE in a mouse model of formalin-induced pain.Conclusion: Our findings provide considerable evidence to support the extensive application of B. chinensis in traditional medicine and demonstrate the utility of this plant species as an effective candidate for prevention or treatment of various pain and inflammation-related conditions.Keywords: medicinal plants, Belamcanda chinensis, anti-nociceptive activity, anti-inflammatory activity, inflammatory mediators

Topic: Medicinal Plant Research
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Scale and Rossby Number Dependence of Observed Wind Responses to Ocean-Mesoscale Sea Surface Temperatures

Abstract The horizontal scale dependences of in-phase and lagged imprints of ocean-mesoscale sea surface temperatures on surface winds are investigated using daily AMSR-E radiometer and QuikSCAT scatterometer observations in the Southern Ocean. Spectral transfer functions separate underlying processes dependent on large-scale winds, horizontal wavenumbers, and corresponding Rossby numbers. For Rossby numbers smaller than 1, winds reflect modulations of the Ekman layer by sea surface temperature–induced changes of hydrostatic pressure. Rossby numbers large compared to 1 suggest a balance of advection and modulations of vertical mixing. Impulse response functions reveal Southern Hemisphere, Doppler-shifted, near-inertial lee waves excited by warm ocean-mesoscale sea surface temperatures. On the right (left) flank of the downwind wake of warm air and low atmospheric pressure, winds are enhanced (diminished) due to constructive (destructive) interference of inertial turning, pressure gradient forces, and vertical mixing. Wind convergence over the warm wake is stronger compared to the upwind divergence. Time averaging smooths the response, and degrades the lee wave.

Topic: Oceanographic and Atmospheric Processes
Subfield: Oceanography
Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences
Domain: Physical Sciences
EU Non-Intentional Geopolitics and The “Europeanisation” of Strategic - Operative Functions: Mare Nostrum and Triton Missions as a Test of EU Political Capability

European integration started in different contexts, after the World War II, as an answer to contingent tensions, but also as the realization of a project elaborated in the centuries by idealists of different derivation. Its main aim would be that of overcoming rivalries that often brought the different contiguous counties to fighting each other in desperate but non-sense wars. Such kind of tensions, the continent is periodically exposed to, need to be managed, requiring for the EU the challenge of a further step in the integration, namely the formation of some operative device, capable of facing the different risks, that may appear suddenly at strategic and geo-political scale. It is the case, recently, of mass immigration, that need to be faced with in a new way, considering security, but also human and wider civil implications.

Topic: Global Peace and Security Dynamics
Subfield: Political Science and International Relations
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
A Study on the Customer Services and Quality for the Banking Sector in the Sultanate of Oman

This paper has gone through the customer services and quality offered to customer through bank branches in Sultanate of Oman. Most of the customers not satisfy with the services which has provided in the banking branches. The main objectives are evaluate, improving customer experience in term of satisfaction, determine how the customer services influence the business improvement, and explore the accurate method to offered high quality of services to customer. The quantitative and qualitative approach has utilized to collect the required data. There were four keys of the limitation if this paper. The final result of this paper, customers upset about the services which offered to them through bank branches and banks need to improve by utilizing the latest technology.

Topic: Islamic Finance and Banking Studies
Subfield: Accounting
Field: Business, Management and Accounting
Domain: Social Sciences
Modification and Manufacturing of McCoy´s Facial Trisquare

This article reported the modification and home manufacturing of McCoy's facial trisquare, a diagnostic tool used in facial surgery, particularly for assessing orbital and periorbital asymmetries trans-surgically. To address these issues, modifications were made to the original template, including the addition of a calibrated grid and reference lines to enhance visual discernment and accuracy during surgical procedures. The modified template is designed for low cost, easy making, it accessible for clinical and surgical use. We emphasize the importance of reducing surgical complications and improving patient outcomes through precise anatomical positioning. Furthermore, the modified McCoy's facial trisquare can be utilized in various measurements, underscoring its potential value in trauma and specialty in orthognathic surgery. Future research is suggested to further evaluate the effectiveness of this modified tool in clinical settings.

Topic: Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics
Subfield: Orthodontics
Field: Dentistry
Domain: Health Sciences
@stephanjoubert: Tweeting the gospel aphoristically

This contribution focusses on some of the digital theological expressions of Stephan Joubert from an auto-ethnographic angle. Orientating from a practical theology perspective, I have chosen the social media platform Twitter, and more specifically the @stephanjoubert domain, as source to chart some significant tweet expressions for the purpose of describing the character and value of an aphoristic theology. In order to do so, I have used some randomly selected tweets of Stephan Joubert, spanning the period 2020–2021, which express aspects of a relevant contemporary ecclesiology. Against the backdrop of the disastrous impact of the COVID-19 pandemic as well as some important dates on the Christian calendar (Easter and Christmas), I specifically emphasise the significance of the formulation of an aphoristic theology using amongst other markers of simplicity, contextuality and relevance. Contribution: I conclude the reflection with some critical-evaluative remarks on the significance of aphoristic expressions for the development of a meaningful contemporary ecclesiology and theology.

Topic: Media, Religion, Digital Communication
Subfield: Philosophy
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
First-order correction for the scintillation index and correlation of intensity function

In a previous paper [ J. Opt. Soc. Am. A2, 2133 ( 1985)] we calculated the scintillation index (intensity variance) for plane-wave propagation, using the zero-order approximation of the two-scale method. Here we perform a similar calculation adding the first-order correction. We also include results for the correlation of intensities by both the zero-order and the first-order corrections. Our calculations include an inner-scale effect only for the scintillation index. The effect of including the first-order correction is to raise σI by approximately 5–11% at its peak value. There is little change in the normalized form of the correlation of intensity function. The results are compared with the results of recent studies by Martin and Flatte [ Appl. Opt.27, 2111 ( 1988)].

Topic: Atmospheric aerosols and clouds
Subfield: Global and Planetary Change
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Relationship between Host-plant Acceptability and Suitability in Newly Eclosed First-instar Gypsy Moths, Lymantria dispar (L.) (Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae)

Host-plant suitability and acceptability have traditionally been measured as separate components of host-plant preference. We provide evidence that the usual methods of assessing a host's suitability may actually confound effects of its acceptability. In choice tests, newly eclosed first-instar gypsy moths accepted sweetgum, a novel host, over four other deciduous tree species, including three species of oak. Red maple was the least acceptable. The order of acceptability in these choice tests was the same as the order of suitability in previous experiments. The order of consumption and frass production rates on these hosts was the same as their order of acceptability and suitability. Feeding consumption rate on red maple remained lowest and did not increase even after a prolonged period of initial food deprivation. We suggest that red maple ranks low in suitability due to the presence of feeding deterrents, which reduce consumption rates of larvae feeding on it. The implications of these results in terms of first-instar dispersal behavior are also discussed.

Topic: Plant and animal studies
Subfield: Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Supplementary Figure 2 from Circulating Biomarkers of Tryptophan and the Kynurenine Pathway and Lung Cancer Risk

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 90K, Linear regression for circulating Tryptophan, Kynurenine and Kynurenine/tryptophan ratio in relation to food groups, lifestyle factors and other circulating biomarkers of a nested case-control study in the EPIC cohort. Ratios of circulating concentrations with 95% Confidence Intervals (CI) were calculated as 2 raised to the power of the beta estimates from linear regression models with log2-circulating concentrations as response.&lt;/p&gt;

Topic: Tryptophan and brain disorders
Subfield: Biological Psychiatry
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences
A Comparative Study Of Matlab Results And Vhdl Analysis Of DWT For Efficient Power Systems

Power Quality is one of the primary concerns of the utilities, since lack of quality in power may cause malfunctions, instability, short lifetime and so on. The efficiency and sustainability of a power system is highly dependent on the maintenance of good quality of power supply. Conventional Methods have been used to analyze the transient effects but found to be high resource consuming under remote applications. In this aspect the Discrete Wavelet Transformation (DWT) analysis has gained reputation of being a very effective and efficient analysis tool. VHDL is used to implement DWT architecture for improving the efficiency of estimation and response in the power systems. The evaluations are compared with theoretical results from MATLAB and were observed to be meeting the accuracy of estimation.

Topic: Hermeneutics and Narrative Identity
Subfield: Philosophy
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Paideia vs. mystagogia

It is more and more obvious that one of the major sources of today global crisis is the educational model, as it was inaugurated by the Humboldt University in Berlin at the beginning of the 1800s. This modern paradigm of education shows its limits today, due to the formation/information divide provided from a disciplinary perspective. The result is a kind of conflict between the types of information received by student (biology vs. religion), and without doubt this has consequences for the development of a congruent understanding of reality. I intend to discuss the practice of an alternative way of instruction, deployed in the Greek–Byzantine cultural model, and used in the Christian East. This kind of instruction had two levels, only first one being actually formal: exoterike and esoterike, or outer forming and inner forming. If on the first level the instruction was not very different from the classical Greek paideía, the intention is different: to prepare for the second one. So, the instruction on the first level was not meant to give information, but to build the apprehension of something beyond information. This training was intended to give access to an experiential attitude, to the authentic experience of self (and in a deeper sense, of God), based on the presupposition that the ultimate aspect of the human is person, unique, and unrepeatable. The true experience of self and world is to be attained in a personal and unique way, something that cannot be taught. The "training" on the second level is rather mystagogical, implying initiation and not information as main path. It is a type of cognitive experience which, I think, should be now reconsidered and analysed in the present context of the digital age. It is a formation path that can provide the personal criteria and critical attitude towards digital information that is amalgamated and often fake, as is found in social media news. Regaining the sense of truth in an oversaturated digital information age can be the result of personal edification made through proper ways of training like the mystagogical one.

Topic: Media, Religion, Digital Communication
Subfield: Philosophy
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
A Machine Learning Model that Analyzes Surrounding Road Signs to Eliminate Dangers Caused by Human Operational Error

Autonomous vehicles are a potential solution to preventing crashes caused by human error. Although road signs are intended to attract drivers' attention and help them operate, drivers can still misinterpret signs, resulting in an accident. An autonomous vehicle system can implement artificial intelligence to detect and recognize known patterns in input graphics to minimize the human aspect of driving. In this study, we present an implementation of the CNN architecture to classify four regulatory instruments (stop, crosswalk, speed limit sign, and traffic light) using the TensorFlow library. We used a training dataset of 877 images of the four distinct classes to optimize the model. The goal of the study was to create a lightweight and accessible image classification model. Experimental results show a 92% model accuracy.

Topic: Misinformation and Its Impacts
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Discordance in the distribution of markers of different inheritance systems (nDNA, mtDNA, and Chromosomes) in the superspecies complex Mus musculus as a result of extensive hybridization in primorye

The genetic structure of eight Mus musculus L. populations in Primorskii krai was studied with the use of taxon-specific markers of different inheritance systems: nDNA (RAPD), mtDNA (D-loop), and chromosomes. The results obtained demonstrate that although the compared nuclear marker characteristics (nDNA and chromosomes) have the same basis they are not linke with each other and, moreover, are often mutually inconsistent. Discordance in the inheritance of the marker characteristics in most of the animals studied is a result of extensive hybridization involving two to four house mouse subspecies. To identify taxon-specific nuclear markers revealed by RAPD, they were cloned and sequenced, and their localization on chromosomes was determined. It was found that some fragments similar in size consist of two different comigrating sequences that are localized on different chromosomes and belong to different subspecies. All sequenced anonymous markers are localized in protein-coding genes. The functions of genes containing the marker sequences have been established. Differences in the taxon-specific RAPD fragments are associated with changes in the structure of important functional genes, and this can be considered as a significant genetic marker.

Topic: Animal Ecology and Behavior Studies
Subfield: Ecology
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
The Mouse Ribosomal DNA Promoter Has More Stringent Requirements In Vivo than In Vitro

Using mouse ribosomal DNA templates bearing polymerase I terminators to prevent transcriptional interference (S. L. Henderson, K. Ryan, and B. Sollner-Webb, Genes Dev. 3:212-223, 1989) and facilitate promoter analysis in intact cells, we demonstrate that a -140 promoter domain (as well as the core region) is essential for appreciable levels of initiation in vivo. This in vivo polymerase I promoter can also be detected in vitro but only under very stringent conditions.

Topic: RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences