jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Methods of lymphoedema reduction presented in view of literature – systematic review

Lymphoedema (LE) is a serious oncological complication of breast cancer treatment. Untreated, it leads to several changes in the upper limbs of patients, including limiting the mobility of joints and functions. Schematic complete decongestive therapy (CDT) is one of the most common methods of conservative treatment of LE. Complete decongestive therapy regimen is also often used as monotherapy for selected items, such as: manual lymphatic drainage, compression therapy and exercises for improvement. This study is a systematic review of scientific publications on the reduction of the lymphoedemas associated with breast cancer (BCRL). The aim of the research study was to present of the methods used to reduce LE associated with breast cancer. All the analysed papers were selected from Medline after ticking the following options: publication type – clinical trail; availability of text – free full text available; published – in the last 5 years. For final analysis, 9 (6 randomised and 3 non-randomised) studies were chosen out of the 1,392 records showing different methods of conservative treatment of BCRL. Based on the available literature, the greatest reduction in LE was obtained using different methods of conservative treatment. Of note are the studies which evaluate the effectiveness of new methods that are not part of the commonly used CDT scheme in practice. The education strategy generally supports such methods.

Topic: Lymphatic System and Diseases
Subfield: Oncology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Toward a Theology of Social Change

This chapter argues that the starting point for any theology of church today must be a theology of social change. The church is first of all a responding community, a people whose task it is to discern the action of God in the world and to join in His work. The action of God occurs through what theologians have sometimes called “historical events” but what might better be termed “social change.” This means that the church must respond constantly to social change, but this is just the trouble. The doctrines of the church have come from the frayed-out period of classical Christendom and are infected with the ideology of preservation and permanence. The chapter contends that a church whose life is defined and shaped by what God is now doing in the world must allow itself to be broken and reshaped continuously by God's continuous action; hence the need for a theology of social change.

Topic: Religion, Society, and Development
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Data from The Zinc Finger Gene &lt;i&gt;ZIC2&lt;/i&gt; Has Features of an Oncogene and Its Overexpression Correlates Strongly with the Clinical Course of Epithelial Ovarian Cancer

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Purpose:&lt;/b&gt; Epithelial ovarian tumors (EOT) are among the most lethal of malignancies in women. We have previously identified &lt;i&gt;ZIC2&lt;/i&gt; as expressed at a higher level in samples of a malignant form (MAL) of EOT than in samples of a form with low malignant potential (LMP). We have now investigated the role of ZIC2 in driving tumor growth and its association with clinical outcomes.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Experimental Design:&lt;/b&gt;&lt;i&gt;ZIC2&lt;/i&gt; expression levels were analyzed in two independent tumor tissue collections of LMP and MAL. &lt;i&gt;In vitro&lt;/i&gt; experiments aimed to test the role of &lt;i&gt;ZIC2&lt;/i&gt; as a transforming gene. Cox models were used to correlate &lt;i&gt;ZIC2&lt;/i&gt; expression with clinical endpoints.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt;&lt;i&gt;ZIC2&lt;/i&gt; expression was about 40-fold in terms of mRNA and about 17-fold in terms of protein in MAL (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 193) versus LMP (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 39) tumors. &lt;i&gt;ZIC2&lt;/i&gt; mRNA levels were high in MAL cell lines but undetectable in LMP cell lines. Overexpression of ZIC2 was localized to the nucleus. ZIC2 overexpression increases the growth rate and foci formation of NIH3T3 cells and stimulates anchorage-independent colony formation; downregulation of ZIC2 decreases the growth rate of MAL cell lines. Zinc finger domains 1 and 2 are required for transforming activity. In stage I MAL, &lt;i&gt;ZIC2&lt;/i&gt; expression was significantly associated with overall survival in both univariate (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.046) and multivariate model (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.049).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/b&gt;&lt;i&gt;ZIC2&lt;/i&gt;, a transcription factor related to the sonic hedgehog pathway, is a strong discriminant between MAL and LMP tumors: it may be a major determinant of outcome of EOTs. &lt;i&gt;Clin Cancer Res; 18(16); 4313–24. ©2012 AACR&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

Topic: RNA Research and Splicing
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Row Configuration and Nitrogen Application for Barley–Pea Intercropping in Montana

Intercropping barley ( Hordeum vulgare L.) with Austrian winter pea ( Pisum sativum ssp. arvense L. Poir) may increase the use efficiencies of growth resources and reduce fertilizer N requirements. The objectives of this study were to determine (i) row configuration and (ii) fertilizer N effects on yield, protein content, and the land equivalent ratio (LER) of barley–pea intercropping systems. A 3‐yr barley–pea intercropping study was conducted at the Western and Central Agricultural Research Centers (WARC and CARC) of Montana State University from 2000 to 2002 with three row configurations (4 rows barley × 4 rows pea, 2 rows barley × 2 rows pea, and barley–pea mixed within rows) and three N application treatments (0, 67, and 134 kg N ha −1 ). Barley biomass production increased 41% at WARC and CARC, whereas pea biomass production decreased 34% at WARC and 46% at CARC with the row configuration changing from the 4 × 4 to the mixed configuration. The LER ranged from 1.05 to 1.24 on a biomass basis and from 1.05 to 1.26 on a protein basis, indicating a production advantage of intercropping. Barley is a more competitive component than pea. Separated row arrangements are advantageous where the desired outcome is a greater pea component in the harvested forage, but the mixed arrangement has a greater total biomass yield and LER. Fertilizer N increased total biomass yield and protein level in barley–pea intercrops, but high N rates could decrease the LER and result in toxic levels of nitrate in the forage.

Topic: Agronomic Practices and Intercropping Systems
Subfield: Agronomy and Crop Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
PENINGKATAN DAYA SAING KEDELAI LOKAL TERHADAP KEDELAI IMPOR SEBAGAI BAHAN BAKU TEMPE MELALUI PEMETAAN FISIKO-KIMIA

The main problem encountered in the production of tempeh was its raw material, namely soybeans dominated by soybean supplied from other countries, mainly dominated by imported products from the United States. The majority of tempeh craftsmen's perception is that imported soybeans are superior to local soybeans. This is of course unfortunate because it will further aggravate the competitiveness of local soybeans. This research was conducted to explore the advantages of local soybeans, especially from the physico-chemical aspects of imported soybeans. The research objective was to map the physico-chemical properties of local and imported soybeans as raw material for tempeh. One factor trial design was used, with soybean varieties (4 local and 1 imported) as a factor. Variables observed included: antioxidant, bulk density, swelling power, plant quality, seed size, WAI, WSI, protein, yield, and density. The results obtained: 1) antioxidant : Devon 1 imported soybeans, 2) bulk density: fourth of local soybeans = imported soybeans, 3) swelling power : Argomulyo = imported soybeans, 4) quality of cooking: fourth of local soybeans imported soybeans, 5) seed size : Grobogan and Argomulyo imports, 6) WAI: Argomulyo and Demas imported soybeans, 7) WSI: Devon = imported soybeans, 8) protein: Grobogan and Detam imported soybeans, 9) density: Bromo imported soybeans, 10) extraction value: Anjasmoro, Argomulyo, and Grobogan imported soybeans.

Topic: Food and Agricultural Sciences
Subfield: Food Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
The Public Fundraising Journey of Grassroots NGOs: The Case of the Cultural Development Center for Rural Women

Abstract In recent years, China's NGOs have played an increasingly large role in the process of developing economic society, transforming society, and constructing a socialist harmonious society. However, many NGOs face the problem of limited funds and this problem is especially prominent among grassroots NGOs. Without any previous experience upon which to rely, the Cultural Development Center for Rural Women (hereafter "Rural Women") began an attempt to make "developing local resources" a new channel for fundraising. Through a public fundraising activity staged thrice in three consecutive years, Rural Women raised more than RMB 350,000 and became a certain social force and a harbinger for the raising of local funds by grassroots NGOs. Through extensive surveying and analysis of the public fundraising activities of this organization, the current piece reveals the key factors of success in public fundraising by Chinese grassroots NGOs as well as several related policies and institutional conditions.

Topic: Tourism, Volunteerism, and Development
Subfield: Demography
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
TIME TO IMPLEMENTATION OF EARLY GOAL-DIRECTED THERAPY (EGDT) FOR PATIENTS WITH SEPTIC SHOCK IS REDUCED BY A MULTIDISCIPLINARY SEPSIS TEAM.

Lidsky, Nathan M; Joffe, Aaron; Hodgman, Tudy; Atkinson, Melanie; Cerone, Phyllis; Ryzner, Diane; Ruiz, Cynthia; Nixon, Donna; Cowen, Jay; Chesney, Sharon; Hashemi, Tracy; Filippo, Felecia Author Information

Topic: Sepsis Diagnosis and Treatment
Subfield: Epidemiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Efficient Method of (S)-Nicotine Synthesis

Improved methods for the synthesis of nicotine are of great importance due to the wide range of applications of synthetic nicotine, which is free from contamination with nitrosamines. Herein, we present a four-step chemical synthesis of (S)-nicotine, involving the reduction in myosmine, enantiomeric separation of nornicotine, and subsequent methylation of the appropriate enantiomer of nornicotine obtained. The reduction in myosmine was investigated using both electrochemical and chemical approaches, achieving up to 90% yields of pure nornicotine. To achieve the enantioseparation of nornicotine, its diastereomeric salts with chiral acids, specifically, N-lauroyl-(R)-alanine, were obtained in a mixture of methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) and chloroform, which led to the isolation of (S)-nornicotine with 92% ee. The structures of the obtained salts were determined by the X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique, which helped to explain the origin of enantiodiscrimination during the crystallization. The described methodology allows efficient regeneration of the reagents and solvents used, leading to cost-effective production of (S)-nicotine suitable for industrial-scale applications.

Topic: Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors Study
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
From NoSQL Accumulo to NewSQL Graphulo: Design and utility of graph algorithms inside a BigTable database

Google BigTable's scale-out design for distributed key-value storage inspired a generation of NoSQL databases. Recently the NewSQL paradigm emerged in response to analytic workloads that demand distributed computation local to data storage. Many such analytics take the form of graph algorithms, a trend that motivated the GraphBLAS initiative to standardize a set of matrix math kernels for building graph algorithms. In this article we show how it is possible to implement the GraphBLAS kernels in a BigTable database by presenting the design of Graphulo, a library for executing graph algorithms inside the Apache Accumulo database. We detail the Graphulo implementation of two graph algorithms and conduct experiments comparing their performance to two main-memory matrix math systems. Our results shed insight into the conditions that determine when executing a graph algorithm is faster inside a database versus an external system---in short, that memory requirements and relative I/O are critical factors.

Topic: Cloud Computing and Resource Management
Subfield: Information Systems
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Lymphocytes in Breast Tissue

Journal Article Lymphocytes in Breast Tissue Get access Chandnish K. Ahluwalia, M.D., Chandnish K. Ahluwalia, M.D. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar William H. Kern, M.D. William H. Kern, M.D. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar American Journal of Clinical Pathology, Volume 94, Issue 6, 1 December 1990, Pages 801–802, https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcp/94.6.801a Published: 01 December 1990

Topic: Cancer Cells and Metastasis
Subfield: Oncology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Inter-Pathogen Peptide Sharing and the Original Antigenic Sin: Solving a Paradox

Aims: To analyse the peptide commonality among viral, bacterial, and protozoan pathogens, and the immunopathologic consequences in the human host. Methods: HPV16, HCMV, C. diphtheriae, B. pertussis, C. tetani, T. gondii, and T. cruzi were analysed for common amino acid sequences that are additionally shared with the human host. The pentapeptide, a minimal immune determinant in humoral and cellular immune recognition, was used as a measurement unit of the peptide similarity level. Molecular modeling was applied to compare the amino acid contexts containing common minimal determinants. Results: Twenty-nine pentapeptides were found to occur, even hundreds of times, throughout the analyzed pathogen proteomes as well as in the human proteome. Such vast peptide commonalities together with molecular modeling data support the possibility that a pre-existing immune response to a first pathogen can be boosted by a successive exposure to a second different pathogen, i.e. , the primary response to a pathogen can be transformed into a secondary response to a previously encountered different pathogen. Two possible consequences emerge. Firstly, no responses might be elicited against the pathogen lastly encountered either by infection or active immunization, but reactions could occur only with the early sensitizing pathogen, which is no more present in the organism. Secondly, the immune response boosted by the pathogen lastly encountered will find a way out by cross-reacting with human proteins. Conclusion: This study might explain the “original antigenic sin” phenomenon described seven decades ago [Francis T. Jr. Ann Intern Med 1953;39:203], thus providing explanations for vaccine failures and offering possible clues for designing successful vaccines.

Topic: vaccines and immunoinformatics approaches
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Cross-training and periodization in running

Understanding the principles of cross-training and periodization will assist the coach and team physician in designing training programs that maximize performance while minimizing risk of injury. Cross-training is defined as simultaneous training for two or more sports or the use of multiple modes of training to enhance performance in one particular sport. This manuscript will review the benefits of three commonly used forms of cross training, deep water running, cycling and swimming, on running, training and performance. Periodization refers to the process of designing a progressive and appropriate training plan in order to optimize performance, yet minimize injury related to overtraining. The main structural components for periodization are macrocycles, mesocycles and microcycles. Physiological determinants for distance running performance, including VO2 max, lactate threshold and running economy, are presented as key components for the design of endurance training programs. Training intensity can be prescribed or monitored using running speed, heart rate, and rating of perceived exertion (RPE). The clinician must often make recommendations regarding the appropriate level of training or offer an alternative. By understanding the principles of cross-training and periodization, the clinician can assist the coach or athlete in preventing injury as well as assisting the attainment of peak performance.

Topic: Sports injuries and prevention
Subfield: Orthopedics and Sports Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Oscillation of the Neutral Difference Equations with Several Delay Arguments

The neutral difference equation with several delay argumentsΔ(x n-c nx n-τ)+mi=1(p n,ix n-σ i-q n,ix n-γ i)=0is considered.A sufficient condition for the oscillation on the equations is obtained.

Topic: Mathematical and Theoretical Epidemiology and Ecology Models
Subfield: Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
A study of infants with hearing loss who had not undergone newborn auditory screening to identify problems

新生児聴覚スクリーニングを経由しない難聴児28名の診断に至る経緯を調査し, 問題点を検討した。リスクファクターのない重・高度難聴児13名のうち, 親が難聴に気づき, 0歳代で診断されたのは3名にすぎなかった。しかし, 親がことばの遅れに気づき, 1歳6か月児健診や3歳児健診で精査を勧められた児は8名であった。これらの結果から, 新生児聴覚スクリーニングを受診していない児にはとくに聴覚発達チェックリストの活用と1歳6か月児健診や3歳児健診における聴覚チェックが重要であると考えられた。リスクファクターのある児のうち, 小児科からの紹介で定期的に聴覚検査を受けた8名は早期に診断されていた。とくに, 先天性横隔膜ヘルニアの3名には定期的な聴覚検査によって進行性難聴を検出することができた。リスクファクターのある児には遅発性・進行性の難聴の可能性も考えられるため, 早期からの定期的な聴覚検査が重要であると考えられる。

Topic: Hearing, Cochlea, Tinnitus, Genetics
Subfield: Sensory Systems
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences
Programmable memory blocks supporting content-addressable memory

The Embedded System Block (ESB) of the APEX E programmable logic device family from Altera Corporation includes the capability of implementing content addressable memory (CAM) as well as product term macrocells, ROM, and dual port RAM. In CAM mode each ESB can implement a 32 word CAM with 32 bits per word. In product term mode, each ESB has 16 macrocells built out of 32 product terms with 32 literal inputs. The ability to reconfigure memory blocks in this way represents a new and innovative use of resources in a programmable logic device, requiring creative solutions in both the hardware and software domains. The architecture and features of this Embedded System Block are described.

Topic: Low-power high-performance VLSI design
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Reorganization of corporate groups in Brazil: Substantive consolidation and the limited liability tale

Abstract The article analyses the use of substantive consolidation in view of the meaning of limited liability in Brazil and explores the proposition that such a solution to corporate distress should only exceptionally be imposed on creditors. In light of Brazilian corporate law, a court should only order substantive consolidation if continuous dishonest use of legal personality had occurred before the debtors filed for reorganization. The author further questions if such a proposition is adequate or if substantive consolidation must gain new colors in a corporate system such as the Brazilian one, in which (a) ex ante the legal system does not sustain limitation of liability of the business corporation in face of a wide number of claims, and (b) group entities are frequently not managed as separate and independent companies. The author concludes by reaffirming the importance of using substantive consolidation more strictly, rather than as a one‐size‐fits‐all solution.

Topic: Corporate Insolvency and Governance
Subfield: Accounting
Field: Business, Management and Accounting
Domain: Social Sciences
Families at war? Relationships between ‘survivors’ of wrongful conviction and ‘survivors’ of serious crime

Following the quashing of an unsafe conviction, the appellant and their supporters often rejoice that their quest for justice has been successful and that the appellant has been released from their wrongful imprisonment. For the survivors of crime involved in the criminal case, including those suffering bereavement after homicide, the appellant’s release from the Court of Appeal (Criminal Division) can engender feelings of resentment and hostility. This article will examine relationships between survivors of wrongful conviction and survivors of crime often involved in the same criminal case. The article argues that the antipathy between the families contributes to undermining both parties’ desire for emotional healing and recovery.

Topic: Criminal Justice and Corrections Analysis
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Update on Post-Operative Analgesia in Total Knee Replacement

Achieving optimal pain control following TKA remains a challenge, given its subjective nature and patient variability.As a result, it is difficult to devise a "one fits all" analgesic regimen.In this analysis, were viewed the use and efficacy of different modes of perioperative analgesia.The purpose of this review is to present the new protocols and classic strategies for the management of pain in the post-operated patient of total knee replacement as well as the multimodal analgesia regimen which has been widely used in recent years.

Topic: Anesthesia and Pain Management
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Andes Basin Focal Project

The CPWF Basin Focal Project for the Andes system of basins worked with a range of local&#13;\nstakeholders to develop a better understanding of the mechanisms for improving the&#13;\nproductivity of water in the Andes. We considered productivity in broad terms as the&#13;\nproductivity of energy (HEP), food and fiber (agriculture) and livelihoods (industry, transport&#13;\nand benefit sharing such as Payments for Environmental Services schemes (PES)).&#13;\nIn addition to the compiled data bases and analyses on poverty and institutions, one of the&#13;\nkey deliverables of the project was the development and deployment of the AguAAndes&#13;\npolicy support system (PSS). This integrates analyses of water availability and productivity&#13;\nwithin the local environmental and policy context. It is a web-based policy support system&#13;\ncombining an extensive spatial database with process-based models for hydrology, crop&#13;\nproduction and socio-economic processes. It is intended to allow analysts and decision&#13;\nmakers to test the potential onsite and offsite impacts of land and water management&#13;\ndecisions in terms of their ability to sustain environmental services and human wellbeing.&#13;\nInterventions and recommendations for future actions on water and food in the region are&#13;\npresented.

Topic: Hermeneutics and Narrative Identity
Subfield: Philosophy
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Triticum turgidum L. subsp. durum (Desf.) van Slageren CWI 7094

Plant Genetic Resource.<br>Taxonomy: Triticum turgidum L. subsp. durum (Desf.) van Slageren<br>Common name(s): Wheat<br>Other names: ITALIAN (CWI7094)<br>Conserved by: Centro Internacional de Mejoramiento de Maíz y Trigo (CIMMYT), Mexico<br>Local sample unique identifier: CWI 7094<br>Method of creation: Acquisition<br>Date: 1988<br>Other identifiers: n/a,CWI20619, n/a,CWI21443, n/a,CWI21524, n/a,CWI21592, n/a,CWI5195, n/a,CWI7094, n/a,ITL, n/a,PI 283151, n/a,PI 182676, n/a,CID 2440 SID 1, n/a,GID 261157<br>Historical: No<br>Biological status: Traditional cultivar/landrace<br>MLS status: Included

Topic: Microbial Natural Products and Biosynthesis
Subfield: Pharmacology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences