jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
<i>De Memoria et Reminiscentia</i> 1 450a10

Abstract This chapter offers an interpretation of the passage in De Memoria et Reminiscentia 1 which aims to show that memory does not belong to the rational capacity of the soul, but rather to what Aristotle calls the ‘primary perceptual capacity of the soul’ (proton aisthetikon) and, at one point, the ‘common sense’. The crucial step in the argument relies on the notion of the perception of time, which is investigated in some detail. It is argued that the perception of time requires joint operation of perception and imagination, and is hence the work of the sensory capacity of the soul. In other words, what Aristotle calls the ‘primary perceptual capacity of the soul’ and ‘common sense’ in this passage is the sensory capacity of the soul. This establishes the same reference for the phrase ‘common sense’ in De Partibus Animalium IV.10 and De Memoria et Reminiscentia 1.

Topic: Classical Philosophy and Thought
Subfield: Philosophy
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
HEAT TREATMENT OF Mn-V-Mo AGE-HARDENING AUSTENITIC STEEL

The age-hardening characteristics of Mn--V--Mo austenitic steels were determined as a function of the temperature of the solution treatment. The optimum condition for developing the full age-hardening pctential of an alloy is 1/2 hour at 2100 tained F followed by a water quench. Subsequent aging treatments required for maximum-hardness levels are: 1 hour at 1400 tained F, 6 hours at 1300 tained F, or 16 hours at 1200 tained F. An aging temperature between 1200 and 1300 tained F is optimum for controlling the balance between yield strength and ductility. The yield strength of metals in the fully-aged condition is directly proportional to Brinell hardness, at 80,000 to 150,000 psi for the compositions investigated. (auth)

Topic: Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Steels
Subfield: Mechanical Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Our Errant Epistemic Aim

Often the first issue addressed by a theory of justified belief is the aim, goal, purpose, or objective of epistemic justification.' What, in short, is the point of epistemic justification?Or, to put it a bit differently, why value justification: why is it worth having or pursuing?2Prominent epistemologists, including both externalists and internalists, have proposed (or sometimes just assumed) the following answer: the ultimate aim of epistemic justification is to maximize true belief and minimize false belief.This answer specifies what I'll call the "nominal aim," an aim that gets endorsed (sometimes with qualifications) by a number of well-known accounts of justification.William Alston, an externalist with certain internalist scruples,3 is among the most explicit champions of the nominal aim: Epistemic evaluation is undertaken from what we might call the "epistemic point of view."That point of view is defined by the aim at maximizing truth and minimizing falsity in a large body of beliefs.... [Ojur central cognitive aim is to amass a large body of beliefs with a favorable truth-falsity ratio.For a belief to be justified is for it.. to be awarded high marks relative to that aim.... [A]ny concept of epistemic justification is a concept of some condition that is desirable or commendable from the standpoint of the aim at maximizing truth and minimizing falsity....4 I will be using "goal," "aim," "purpose," "point," and "objective" interchangeably, since I take the concept I have in mind to be captured by any of those terms.Just the same, I am happy to speak instead of the "value of justification" or the "reason that justification is valuable," in case one finds talk of the "aim of justification" uncongenial (see note 2). 2In correspondence, William Alston has objected to the notion that justification, i.e. the status of being justified, has an aim, since, unlike activities, statuses do not typically have aims.I'm therefore content to speak of the value of justification and to understand claims about its aim as claims about its value.For details on Alston's hybrid view of justification, see "An Internalist Externalism," in Alston (1989), 227-45.In the remainder of this paper I will focus on Alston's theory of justification, not because I find it uniquely problematic but principally because Alston is such an explicit proponent of the nominal aim; his theory, then, serves as a natural illustration of its perils.4

Topic: Epistemology, Ethics, and Metaphysics
Subfield: Philosophy
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Development of Multivariable Triangulation Method for Diagnostics of Icing of Wind Turbine Blades

Development of wind energy has led to explosive growth of practically applied energy sources, combined in wind farms. The number of wind turbines in cold climate grows rapidly. One of major problems in operation of wind turbines in such conditions is icing of turbine blades. It is known that the wind energy industry has no reliable methods for remote diagnostics of icing. Development and improvement of such methods is an extremely relevant task. The aim of the work is elaboration of a multivariable triangulation method for accurate diagnostics of three-dimensional geometry of ice. The idea of the method is as follows. Spatially-structured lighting is repeatedly projected on the surface of object to control. Images of the object are recorded from a direction other than that of the lighting. The images contain the structure of the projected lighting, distorted by the relief of the surface of the object. For each point on the image of the object, the dependence of the intensity of the registered radiation on the number of the image is determined.

Topic: Advanced Measurement and Detection Methods
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
A Cramér–Wold device for infinite divisibility of Zd-valued distributions

We show that a Cramér–Wold device holds for infinite divisibility of Zd-valued distributions, i.e. that the distribution of a Zd-valued random vector X is infinitely divisible if and only if the distribution of aTX is infinitely divisible for all a∈Rd, and that this in turn is equivalent to infinite divisibility of the distribution of aTX for all a∈N0d. A key tool for proving this is a Lévy–Khintchine type representation with a signed Lévy measure for the characteristic function of a Zd-valued distribution, provided the characteristic function is zero-free.

Topic: Random Matrices and Applications
Subfield: Statistics and Probability
Field: Mathematics
Domain: Physical Sciences
Research in Information Systems

Information Systems (IS) are complex artifacts which could be viewed as playing the role of an interface between the organizational structure and processes and the technological capabilities. IS design is influenced by—and has an influence on—its outer environment: organizational context. Much of past research in IS is of explanatory nature and has largely focused on the processes and functions of outer environment, including organizations and individuals. There is not sufficient theoretical elaboration on the organizational and technological connections of the IS artifacts. Some of the most prominent theoretical models of IS do not incorporate the very nature of information systems to a substantial extent. The information content of these models is also questionable. IS research has been criticized by some members of the research community for lack of identity and lack of relevance.

Topic: Information Systems Theories and Implementation
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Coke and sintering resistant nickel atomically doped with ceria nanosheets for highly efficient solar driven hydrogen production from bioethanol

Ni single atoms doped with CeO 2 nanosheets combined with a Ti 2 O 3 based photothermal device showed 3 Suns driven ESR with 462 °C temperature, 519 mmol g −1 h −1 H 2 production rate, 16.7% solar-to-fuel efficiency and 60 hours of stable operation.

Topic: Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods
Subfield: Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment
Field: Energy
Domain: Physical Sciences
High tibial osteotomy for arthritis of the knee. A method specially suitable for the elderly.

1. High tibial osteotomy-above the tibial tubercle-gives good results in elderly patients disabled by arthritis of the knee. 2. A technique of operation is described in which fixation is secured by four pins gripped in compression clamps. 3. No other fixation is needed, and knee movements and walking are encouraged within a few days of operation. 4. The early results warrant further trial of the method.

Topic: Total Knee Arthroplasty Outcomes
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Scanning tunneling microscope with reliable coarse positioners

An inchworm system with a new type of clamping mechanism has been made for a coarse positioner in a scanning tunneling microscope. The clamping mechanism operates by means of springs and piezoelectric actuators. This system can move a probe tip transversely and longitudinally in the horizontal plane, and the sample vertically, in steps, with a range of 8 mm in each direction.

Topic: Force Microscopy Techniques and Applications
Subfield: Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Compositional turbulence and layering in the gaseous envelopes of forming planets

ABSTRACT Differential settling and growth of dust grains impact the structure of the radiative envelopes of gaseous planets during formation. Sufficiently rapid dust growth can result in envelopes with substantially reduced opacities for radiation transport, thereby facilitating planet formation. We revisit the problem and establish that dust settling and grain growth also lead to outer planetary envelopes that are prone to compositional instabilities, by virtue of their inverted mean-molecular weight gradients. Under a variety of conditions, we find that the radiative envelopes of forming planets experience compositional turbulence driven by a semi-transparent version of the thermohaline instability (’fingering convection’). The standard double-diffusive thermohaline theory does not apply here and is replaced by a simplified first-principle treatment for the semitransparent regime of interest. The compositional turbulence seems efficient at mixing dust in the radiative envelopes of planets forming at super-au distances (say 5 au) from a Sun-like star, but not so at sub-au distances (say 0.2 au). We also address the possibility of compositional layering in this context. Distinct turbulent regimes for planetary envelopes growing at sub-au versus super-au distances could leave an imprint on the final planets formed.

Topic: Astrophysics and Star Formation Studies
Subfield: Astronomy and Astrophysics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
The Release of Leukocytes and Platelets from the Pulmonary Circulation by Epinephrine

Abstract 1. The leukocyte and platelet contents of arterial and venous blood of 12 patients were determined simultaneously during and following the intravenous administration of 0.1 to 0.3 mg. of epinephrine, l-epinephrine or norepinephrine. 2. Within 30 to 60 seconds after the start of the epinephrine administration, an initial arterial leukocytosis and thrombocytosis occurred in 10 and 8 instances respectively and continued for at least 5 minutes before it declined. A leukocytosis also occurred in the venous blood but followed the arterial rise by 30 to 120 seconds. 3. It is concluded that the initial phase of the leukocytosis and thrombocytosis following intravenous epinephrine infusion is primarily from the pulmonary circulation. 4. The data indicate that the pulmonary circulation in man is a sizable reservoir of leukocytes and platelets which may be readily discharged into the circulation under proper stimulation.

Topic: Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia and Thrombosis
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Juvenile Justice Paradigms and Improvement of Realization of the Constitutional Rights and Freedoms of Man and Citizen in Russia

The article is devoted to the problems of implementation and procedures of reconstructing model of juvenile justice system, it considers foreign and domestic experience (problems) of juvenile justice. The author compares the doctrines of juvenile justice, including the doctrine of punitive and understanding justice.

Topic: Legal and Policy Issues
Subfield: Law
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Pelatihan Budidaya Jamur Tiram Untuk Mahasiswa Tadris Biologi Sebagai Pendukung Matakuliah Bioteknologi dan Kewirausahaan Biologi

Oyster mushrooms (Pleurotus ostreatus) are one of the products related to conventional biotechnology where the product is a food that can be consumed. So that in the application of training in the cultivation of Oyster mushrooms is concerned about biotechnology and entrepreneurship subjects. Along with the rise of covid-19 that occurs is not a barrier to the facilitator team in performing devotion, of course with a limited scale. The devotion that is carried out is (1) Counseling, conducted online with online webinars followed by all biology students and participants from the general public. (2) Preparation, establishing a committee for advanced activities, namely training in oyster mushroom cultivation and implementation in entrepreneurship (3) Implementation of stage 1, implementation of oyster mushroom cultivation and implementation of biotechnology subjects, (4) Implementation of stage 2, implementation of biological entrepreneurship subjects by selling biologically efficacious products such as raw oyster mushrooms, (5) Monitoring and evaluation of activities: monitoring and evaluation of activities carried out by the Committee and facilitators as parties who help monitoring and evaluation which are also assisted by sources.

Topic: SMEs Development and Digital Marketing
Subfield: Demography
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Morphological, Cultural and Mating Studies on Atkinsonella, including A. texensis

Comparative morphological and cultural studies in strains of Atkinsonella (Clavicipitaceae, tribe Balansieae) from all known host grasses (Danthonia compressa, D. spicata, D. sericea and Stipa leucotricha) revealed a number of characteristics distinguishing between strains from the allopatric host genera Danthonia and Stipa. Differences were found in stroma size, in morphology of the Ephelis anamorph, and in growth rates and colony characteristics in culture. The Stipa form of Atkinsonella is recognized as a separate species, A. texensis. Conidial transfers between stromata from different clones of D. spicata indicated a heterothallic mating system in A. hypoxylon. Distinctive characteristics of Atkinsonella, including ascospore germination pattern, warrant recognition of Atkinsonella as a distinct genus from Balansia.

Topic: Plant and fungal interactions
Subfield: Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
[Methods for detecting plasmid-borne colistin resistance mediated by the mcr genes].

Prospective prevalence studies of intestinal carriage of colistin-resistant Enterobacterales among Czech hospitalized patients and travelers do not yet indicate the spread of strains with mcr-mediated plasmid-borne colistin resistance. However, the high prevalence of strains carrying the mcr genes in raw meat products poses a risk of exposure for their consumers. The detection of mcr-harbouring colistin-resistant strains cannot be expected during routine microbiological testing, without using reliable but expensive methods. A suitable alternative method for active monitoring of colistin resistance is the use of selective agar media with colistin followed by verification of the resistance in the obtained isolates.

Topic: Hermeneutics and Narrative Identity
Subfield: Philosophy
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Assessment of aflatoxin presence in the Rwandan feed and milk value chains and mitigation potential using high voltage atmospheric cold plasma

Mycotoxins, particularly aflatoxins, are fungal metabolites, and under favorable growth conditions contaminate crops and animal feeds. They are associated with liver cancer, immunosuppression, and growth impairment. Human exposure to these mycotoxins is the result of ingestion of contaminated foods, or indirectly from consumption of animal source foods (e.g., dairy products and eggs) derived from animals previously exposed to aflatoxins in feeds. They also have an economic impact because contamination levels of aflatoxins and other mycotoxins in foods and feedstuffs can lead to rejection of these products in international markets.

Topic: Mycotoxins in Agriculture and Food
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
ESRD in Sri Lanka-1998.

Abstract: Sri Lanka is an Island nation with a population of 18 million people of multi ethnic origin.An estimated incidence of 50 per million populations of end stage renal disease (ESRD) is found in the country. The more common causes of ESRD include chronic glomerulonephritis (22%), hypertensive nephrosclerosis (11%), chronic pyelonephritis (4%) and unknown causes (51%).Dialysis therapy is available to less than 5% of the total ESRD population in Sri Lanka. The reasons are largely financial. The bulk of ESRD patients are thus managed conservatively. Erythropoietin therapy is available to only 10-15% of the dialysis population.Approximately 100 patients are recruited for dialysis each year at three centers in the country, 95% of dialysis is by intermittent haemodialysis therapy. Chronic peritonial dialysis therapy accounts for less than 5%.Dialysis for preparation for transplantation is the main reason for acceptance into the faculty of medicine kidney transplant programme, the only centre for transplantation in Sri Lanka. Long term chronic dialysis accounts for less than 10% of the total dialysis population.Living related donor transplantation is the main strategy for the ESRD population. The human tissues act of 1978 allows cadaveric organ donation. Brain death criteria have been worked out. The program for cadeveric KT has yet to be commenced due to financial constraints. A donor card scheme has been launched.The living related transplant programme started on 5/10/85 has now exceeded 250 patients. The non related transplants done in India have also been added to our follow up clinics and number over 200 patients.A National Kidney Center is being planned to step up care of renal patients. The Sri Lanka Association of Nephrology and Transplantation oversees academic and professional standards. A kidney patients association exists to stimate interest in patient welfare activities.

Topic: Organ Donation and Transplantation
Subfield: Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
LIFE-THREATENING CUTANEOUS FUNGAL AND PARASITIC DISEASES

CUTANEOUS FUNGAL and parasitic diseases are frequent and usually do not threaten the physical integrity of the patient. There are, however, some that may acquire a severe clinical picture and may even cause death. Some of the most important and/or dangerous of these life-threatening cutaneous fungal (as systemic candidosis, paracoccidioidomycosis, sporotrichosis, zygomycosis, and histoplasmosis) and parasitic diseases (Chagas disease, schistosomiasis amebiasis, and leishmaniasis) are discussed in this chapter.

Topic: Fungal Infections and Studies
Subfield: Epidemiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Option Volatility Investment Strategy: The Combination of Neural Network and Classical Volatility Prediction Model

This study focuses on the volatility prediction and option volatility investment. By investigating the traditional Volatility Prediction Model and machine learning algorithms, this study tries to merge these two aspects together. This work setup a bridge of previous financial studies and machine learning studies by proposing an algorithm integrating neural network and three traditional volatility models, called “Quantile based neural network and model integration combination algorithm.” The algorithm effectively lowers the volatility prediction error (measured by root of mean square error, shorted for RMSE: 0.319724) and beat the Wavenet (RMSE: 0.44) which is the benchmark and surpasses integrated model (RMSE: 0.348346) in test set. In terms of option investment strategy, this paper constructs a CSI 300 index option portfolio which hedges the underlying asset price risk and exposes the volatility risk. Then propose the “Option strategy of volatility prediction with dynamic thresholds.” With the new algorithm above, the strategy improves the return‐risk ratio in test set (measured by Sharpe ratio: 1.99–2.07).

Topic: Stock Market Forecasting Methods
Subfield: Management Science and Operations Research
Field: Decision Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
N.E. Giatsintov on the System of Railway Tariffs in Russia (second half of the XIX century)

With 2001 for 2010 in Russia structural reform on a railway transportation, mentioned, including system of tariffs for cargo and passenger transportations was carried out. In article the organization of railroad rates in Russia in second half of XIXth century is considered, and its analysis stated in works of known Russian economist N.E.Giatsintov is given.

Topic: Economic and Technological Developments in Russia
Subfield: Development
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
DiP219: Linearization of dielectric nonlinearity by internal bias fields

Abstract The dielectric response of BaTiO3 and PZT ceramics to an applied ac field is found to be nonlinear even at weak signals. The nonlinearity shows a substantial dependence on acceptor doping and a pronounced aging behaviour. The nonlinear dielectric behaviour ε(Ě) can be described by a polynomial fit using only even powers up to the fourth. The polynomial coefficients decrease with time. The aging of the dielectric nonlinearity is correlated to the buildup of the internal bias.

Topic: Ferroelectric and Piezoelectric Materials
Subfield: Materials Chemistry
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
A Comparison of Accuracy Rates Between Detection of Deception Examinations Using the Polygraph and the Computer Voice Stress Analyzer in a Mock Crime Scenario.

Abstract : The accuracy and consensus of decisions rendered between examinations administered using the traditional polygraph instrument and the Computer Voice Stress Analyzer (CVSA) were examined. One hundred twenty subjects were given detection of deception examinations either on the polygraph instrument or the CVSA. Subjects were divided into two groups, with one group participating in a mock theft and instructed to be deceptive about their participation in that crime. The remaining group was told that a crime had been committed, but they did not participate in any way. This group was instructed to be truthful about not being involved in the theft. Half of each group of subjects were tested in a Psychophysiological Detection of Deception (PDD) examination using the polygraph instrument and the remaining half were tested using the CVSA instrument. Groups were counterbalanced for gender. Six blind scorers, three trained in polygraph use and three trained in use of the CVSA, independently rendered decisions for subjects' examinations. Neither group of blind scorers achieved overall accuracy rates better than chance levels. A significant interrater agreement among the three blind examiners within each instrument type was found using the Kappa statistic for multiple raters (p less than .05).

Topic: Deception detection and forensic psychology
Subfield: Social Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences