jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Conclusions

Fluvial, beach, and associated aeolian environments are the most applicable areas for GPR in geoarchaeological contexts. These areas contain abundant archaeological sites and are ideal for most GPR methods. Caves are more difficult as they contain thick floor sequences of thin stratigraphic units, which necessitate low-frequency antennae for depth penetration but accompanying lower resolution. There is a bright future for GPR in lakes, swamps, and bogs due to good depth penetration, but access and collection can be more difficult. Urban environments are often the most complicated due to the complexity of anthropogenic stratigraphy. Only detailed profile analysis in a tightly spaced grid will suffice for interpretation in these areas, and only later will amplitude slice-maps be understood. GPR for geoarchaeological analysis in the future will require multidisciplinary students trained in geology, archaeology, and geophysics.

Topic: Geophysical Methods and Applications
Subfield: Ocean Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Decreased <scp>RNA</scp>‐binding protein <scp>heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein U</scp> improves multiple myeloma sensitivity to lenalidomide

Summary Multiple myeloma (MM) is an incurable plasma cell cancer in the bone marrow. Immunomodulatory drugs, such as lenalidomide (LEN) and pomalidomide, are backbone agents in MM treatment, and LEN resistance is commonly seen in the MM clinic. In this study, we presented that heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein U (hnRNPU) affected MM resistance to LEN via the regulation of target mRNA translation. hnRNPU Low MM cells exhibited upregulated CRBN and IKZF1 proteins, stringent IKZF1/3 protein degradation upon LEN addition and increased sensitivity to LEN. RNA pulldown assays and RNA electrophoretic mobility shift assays revealed that hnRNPU bound to the 3′‐untranslated region of CRBN and IKZF1 mRNA. A sucrose gradient assay suggested that hnRNPU specifically regulated CRBN and IKZF1 mRNA translation. The competition of hnRNPU binding to its target mRNAs by small RNAs with hnRNPU‐binding sites restored MM sensitivity to LEN. hnRNPU function in vivo was confirmed in an immunocompetent MM mouse model constructed by the inoculation of Crbn ‐humanized murine 5TGM1 cells into Crbn I391V/+ mice. Overall, this study suggests a novel mechanism of LEN sensitivity in which hnRNPU represses CRBN and IKZF1 mRNA translation.

Topic: Protein Degradation and Inhibitors
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Arrows Not Yet Fired: Cultivating Cosmopolitanism Through Education

In this article I discuss Martha Nussbaum’s cosmopolitan educational ideal and its theoretical underpinnings. I argue that, in spite of its merits, it overlooks the historical-relational dimension of cross-cultural encounters and the impediments posed by unresolved historical conflicts to the goal of cultural reconciliation. I suggest a rehabilitation of the historical-relational dimension by applying the insights of Paul Ricoeur to this context. My steps comprise a description of Nussbaum’s position, an exploration of its shortcomings, an interpolation of Ricoeur’s ideas and some concomitant suggestions.

Topic: Religious Education and Schools
Subfield: Education
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Effects of medical compression stockings on venous haemodynamics

Fotoplethysmografie, Kompressionsstrumpfe, Hamodynamik, KompressionEinleitung : So sehr sich die Fotoplethysmografie (FPG) in der phlebologischen Alltagspraxis bewahrt hat, muss ihr Einsatz fur differenzierte wissenschaftliche Fragestellungen – wie z.B. die Wirkung von Medizinischen Kompressionsstrumpfen auf die venose Hamodynamik – kritisch bewertet werden. Methode: Es erfolgte eine Literaturrecherche. Ergebnisse: Die vorliegenden, vorwiegend alteren Studien zeigen, dass die leichte Verfugbarkeit und Anwendbarkeit der FPG zum groszugigen Einsatz fur klinische Studien und zum wenig kritischen Umgang mit den erhobenen Daten verleitet. Grundsatzlich ist die Anwendbarkeit der FPG am bestrumpften Bein sehr problematisch, aber moglicherweise erbringt die Untersuchung durch den angelegten Strumpf hindurch mit Sonden mit sehr hoher Intensitat das emittierten Lichts diesbezuglich einen echten Fortschritt, wie an einem Beispiel gezeigt wird. Fur prazise klinische und wissenschaftliche Untersuchungen und Messungen kann die Farb-Duplexsonografie und die blutige Venendruckmessung u.E. durch die FPG nicht ersetzt werden. Schlusfolgerung: Bei sorgfaltiger Durchfuhrung und kritischer Bewertung hat die FPG fur umfangreichere Studien sicher ihren Stellenwert. Hier besteht wohl weiterer wissenschaftlicher Klarungsbedarf.

Topic: Diagnosis and Treatment of Venous Diseases
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Russia's Provincial Bosses: A Collective Career Profile

The origins, earlier careers and paths to power of the provincial governors and republican presidents in the Russian Federation at the turn of 1999-2000 reveal interesting patterns, bearing both similarities with and differences from equivalent positions in the Soviet era. All but one were men, the majority in early middle-age. Non-Russians were relatively well-represented. All had tertiary education - mostly in industry- or agriculture-related institutes. The majority worked briefly in manual jobs or did army service, or both, before their first authority post. A sizeable group were graduates of military colleges and rose to high military office. Most were already well advanced towards positions corresponding with today's governors and presidents, a seventh of them actually occupying such posts. This, then, was a 'circulation within the elite'. A third owed their original attainment of regional primacy to appointment by Yeltsin, but all had now won contested elections. Their education and career profiles contrast significantly with those of Russia's central political and business elites.

Topic: Russia and Soviet political economy
Subfield: Political Science and International Relations
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Differential expression of long non-coding RNAs as diagnostic markers for lung cancer and other malignant tumors

Due to advances in chip and sequencing technology, several types and numbers of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been identified. LncRNAs are defined as non-protein-coding RNA molecules longer than 200 nucleotides, and are now thought as a new frontier in the study of human malignant diseases including NSCLC. Diagnosis of numerous malignant tumors has been closely linked to the differential expression of certain lncRNAs. LncRNAs are involved in gene expression regulation at multiple levels of epigenetics, transcriptional regulation, and post-transcriptional regulation. Mutations, deletions, or abnormal expression levels lead to physiological abnormalities, disease occurrence and are closely associated with human tumor diseases. LncRNAs play a crucial role in cancerous processes as either oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes. The expression of lncRNAs can regulate tumor cell in the proliferation, migration, apoptosis, cycle, invasion, and metastasis. As such, lncRNAs are potential diagnostic and treatment targets for cancer. And that, tumor biomarkers need to be detectable in easily accessible body samples, should be characterized by high specificity and sufficient sensitivity. Herein, it is significant clinical importance to screen and supplement new biomarkers for early diagnosis of lung cancer. This study aimed at systematically describing lncRNAs from five aspects based on recent studies: concepts, classification, structure, molecular mechanism, signal pathway, as well as review lncRNA implications in malignant tumor.

Topic: Cancer-related molecular mechanisms research
Subfield: Cancer Research
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Deep learning model for the brain tumour detection and classification

Cancer is the second leading cause of mortality, after heart disease. The increased demand for automated, dependable, quick, and effective imaging has drawn attention to the subject of medical imaging. Computer-assisted technologies are critical in the diagnosis of brain tumours. These devices make it easier for doctors to identify tumours. Traditional approach errors are minimised. The goal of this study is to use MRI scans to diagnose brain cancer. A deep learning network of CNN models is used in the diagnostic technique. In the first stage, an MRI image of the brain is taken and processed to eliminate noise and change it. The second step in the second stage is to determine the type of malignancy. The conclusions included the algorithm and technique used to handle certain study issues, as well as their pros and drawbacks. The results of this study show that the created image processing algorithm is smart enough to recognise and defining brain tumours in MRI images on its own.

Topic: Brain Tumor Detection and Classification
Subfield: Neurology
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences
A Top Down Perspective of the Pioneer Valley: The Future of our Industrial Base

Over the past five years the Center for Economic Development has been actively involved in industrial planning activities in virtually every community in the Valley. At times our work has been as local as developing a zoning amendment for an industrial park or preparing an overall economic development program. At other times it has been focused on broad policy aspects such as Governor Weld's recent initiative on improving our economic posture, or participating in the recovery of the WestMass Development Corporation. Throughout our work on approximately 40 different projects, plans and studies, we have been consistently amazed at the degree of change that is occurring. The Valley certainly is not a stagnant place! At times it looks its age and well it should: it is one of the oldest industrial centers in the nation. At other times it is robust and innovative as the Millitechs, Eco Sciences, and National Evaluation Systems are nurtured and move into production. We are regularly asked what this change will mean to the Valley as we move toward the 21st century. It is a difficult question to answer. However, there are some indicators that we believe provide an accurate depiction of where the Valley is going.

Topic: Urbanization and City Planning
Subfield: Urban Studies
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Cholinergic Crisis Owing to Distigmine Bromide Complicated by Hyperosmolar Hyperglycemic State

Distigmine bromide is widely used to treat neurogenic bladder and causes cholinergic crisis, a serious side effect. We herein report about a patient with distigmine bromide-induced cholinergic crisis complicated by a hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state (HHS). On admission, the patient was diagnosed with HHS based on the medical history and laboratory test results. However, she also had bradycardia, miosis, and low plasma cholinesterase activity. We later found that she had received distigmine bromide, which led to a diagnosis of cholinergic crisis. We suggest that the exacerbation of pathology, including HHS, can cause cholinergic crisis in patients receiving distigmine bromide.

Topic: Urinary Bladder and Prostate Research
Subfield: Urology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
An Empirical Study of Breaking Wave Contribution to Radar Backscatter from the Ocean Surface at Low Grazing Angle

The anomaly of radar sea spikes, defined here as the non-Bragg scattering events with backscattering cross section of horizontal polarization exceeding that of vertical polarization, has been associated with steep wave features possibly going through wave breaking process. This property is employed for remote detection of breaking waves. The results are used to quantify the effect of wave breaking on radar returns. Large increase due to breaking is found in the Doppler velocities of both polarizations (about 50% faster with breaking). The effect of breaking on the backscattering cross section is much stronger for the horizontal polarization (with 15 to 20 dB enhancement) and relatively small in the vertical polarization (on the order of 0.5 dB fluctuations). The presence of swell reduces the impact of breaking waves on radar return in comparison to the scattering from wind seas.

Topic: Ocean Waves and Remote Sensing
Subfield: Oceanography
Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences
Domain: Physical Sciences
Comparative Mutagenic Effects of Sodium Azide and X- Ray in the Wild Chickpea Cicer reticulatum L.

The comparative mutagenic effect of physical and chemical agents was assessed in the wild chickpea Cicer reticulatum.The germplasm of Cicer reticulatum were subjected for physical and chemical mutagenic treatments separately and in combination. The various qualitative and quantitative chromosomal irregularities were observed such as stickiness, scattered chromosomes, Chromatin Bridge, laggards in the present study. The mitotic index was calculated for each treatment. The combined treatment is more effective than that of independent or separate treatments. The wide spectrum of mutation was observed in higher dose of mutagens independently and in combination.

Topic: Genetic and Environmental Crop Studies
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Increased Excretion of Kallikrein during Dexamethasone Administrationl in Normal Man on Low and Normal Salt Intake

1. The effect of dexamethasone administration for 3 days on urinary kallikrein excretion was studied in 12 normal men with normal sodium intake (n=6) or low sodium intake (n=6). Urinary excretion of sodium, potassium, 17-hydroxycorticosteroids, aldosterone and water was also measured in all subjects. 2. Dexamethasone administration was associated with a significant increase in urinary kallikrein excretion (F3, 30 = 6.9; P &amp;lt; 0.001) regardless of sodium intake. No significant correlation could be established between the increase in urinary kallikrein excretion and changes in urinary sodium, potassium, 17-hydroxycorticosteroids, aldosterone or water. 3. These results suggest that dexamethasone can exert a direct action on the renal kallikrein-kinin system.

Topic: Coagulation, Bradykinin, Polyphosphates, and Angioedema
Subfield: Genetics
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Dyeing and Some Fastness Properties of Novel Perlite-Containing Polyester Woven Fabrics

This article is focused on the comparison of dyeing, and washing and light fastness properties of conventional and novel perlite-containing polyester woven fabrics via color measurements. All the production processes for the regular and perlite-containing polyester filament yarns were the same. The fabrics were dyed with three medium level energy disperse dyes of different hues in order to observe the shade change caused by the intrinsic yellowness of the perlite-containing fabric. Dyeing and fastness properties of the dyed fabrics were evaluated by their corresponding lightness (L*), chroma (C*), color strength (K/S), and color difference (ΔE ab *) results. The perlite-containing fabrics showed similar dyeing and fastness characteristics when compared with the regular fabrics. The perlite-added fabrics were dyed in darker color but had lower chroma values than the regular ones. The perlite-added fabrics also had better fastness results than the regular fabrics when the evaluation was performed in the group itself. Intrinsic yellowness of perlite-added fabrics must be taken into account for any attempt to dye the fabric to a pre-designed shade.

Topic: Dyeing and Modifying Textile Fibers
Subfield: Building and Construction
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
CCDC 1826410: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.

Topic: Crystallization and Solubility Studies
Subfield: Materials Chemistry
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Effects of crude extracts on some selected physiological parameters of French beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) infected with rust (Uromyces appendiculatus)

Rust (Uromyces appendiculatus) is a major foliar disease that reduces yield and pod quality in beans. The field trial of French beans was established at Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology (JKUAT). Single plant extracts and combinations of Boscia angustifolia, Zanthoxylum chalybeum and Melea volkensii were used to evaluate their effect on U. appendiculatus in the field. During the growing period, beans were infected with rust from natural inoculum at the field. Physiological responses such as carbon dioxide assimilation, transpiration (E), stomatal conductance (gs), and photosynthetic rate (Pn) of French beans treatments were examined after extracts of three antifungal plants were sprayed. B. angustifolia - Z. chalybeum combination and single plant treatment M. volkensii had positive effects on enhancing the rate of photosynthesis in bean plants. The high regressions between stomatal conductance and rate of transpiration in the treatments indicated that stomatal conductance and rate of transpiration were interdependent and it was interpreted to mean that stomatal conductance enhanced rate of transpiration at different times of the day. These plant extracts however caused an increase in the rate of transpiration of the bean plants, which resulted in loss of water. Results reveal bioactive potential of the flora from M. volkensii and a combination of B. angustifolia and Z. chalybeum to produce metabolites with potential applications as botanical pesticides. &nbsp; Key words: Antifungal, beans, physiological responses, rust.

Topic: Plant pathogens and resistance mechanisms
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Fine scale Spatial-temporal cluster analysis for the infection risk of Schistosomiasis japonica using space-time scan statistics

Marching towards the elimination of schistosomiasis in China, both the incidence and prevalence have witnessed profound decline over the past decades, with the strategy shifting from morbidity control to transmission control. The current challenge is to find out hotspots of transmission risk for precise targeted control in low-prevalence areas. This study assessed the risk at the village level, using the spatial and temporal characteristics of Schistosomiasis japonica in Anhui province from 2006 to 2012. The comprehensive database was generated from annual surveillance data at village level in Anhui province between 2006 and 2012, comprising schistosomiasis prevalence among humans and cattle, occurrence rate of infected environments and incidence rate of acute schistosomiasis. The database parameters were matched with geographic data of the study area and fine scale spatial-temporal cluster analysis based on retrospective space-time scan statistics was used to assess the clustering pattern of schistosomiasis. The analysis was conducted by using SaTScan 9.1.1 and ArcGIS 10.0. A spatial statistical modelling was carried out to determine the spatial dependency of prevalence of human infection by using Geoda 1.4.3. A pronounced decline was found in the prevalence of human infection, cattle infection, occurrence rate of environment with infected vector snails and incidence rate of acute schistosomiasis from 2006 to 2012 by 48.6%, 71.5%, 91.9% and 96.4%, respectively. Meanwhile, all 4 indicators showed a statistically significant clustering pattern both in time and space, with a total of 16, 6, 8 and 4 corresponding clustering foci found respectively. However, the number of clustering foci declined with time, and none was found after year 2010. All clustering foci were mainly distributed along the Yangtze River and its connecting branches. The result shows that there is a direct spatial relationship between prevalence of human infection and the other indicators. A decreasing trend in space-time clustering of schistosomiasis endemic status was observed between 2006 and 2012 in Anhui province. Nevertheless, giving the complexity in schistosomiasis control, areas within the upper-stream of Yangtze River in Anhui section and its connecting branches should be targeted for effective implementation of control strategies in the future.

Topic: Parasites and Host Interactions
Subfield: Parasitology
Field: Immunology and Microbiology
Domain: Life Sciences
Disciplining Slave Ironworkers in the Antebellum South: Coercion, Conciliation, and Accommodation

Journal Article Disciplining Slave Ironworkers in the Antebellum South: Coercion, Conciliation, and Accommodation Get access Charles B. Dew Charles B. Dew Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The American Historical Review, Volume 79, Issue 2, April 1974, Pages 393–418, https://doi.org/10.1086/ahr/79.2.393 Published: 01 April 1974

Topic: Colonialism, slavery, and trade
Subfield: Anthropology
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Degradation of metamorphic InGaAs Esaki tunnel diodes due to electrode diffusion and impurity interdiffusion

We have investigated degradation of metamorphic In <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0.53</sub> Ga <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0.47</sub> As Esaki tunnel diodes. The degradation due to electrode diffusion and impurity interdiffusion is more prominent than that of lattice-matched In <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0.53</sub> Ga <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0.47 </sub> As Esaki tunnel diodes

Topic: Advancements in Semiconductor Devices and Circuit Design
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
STATE IDEOLOGICAL FUNCTION IN A COMMUNICATIVE SPACE

<ns2:p>In this article, the author introduces the category of «communicative space» into legal science, as a set of channels and means of social interaction between society and the state, considers the evolution of the communicative environment, and also determines the specifics of the implementation of the ideological function of the state within its framework. The author pays special attention to the modern virtual space as a kind of communicative space and concludes that the state is a full-fledged participant in the virtual communicative space, through which the ideological function of the state is also realized.</ns2:p>

Topic: Security, Politics, and Digital Transformation
Subfield: Political Science and International Relations
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Development, Implementation and Evaluation of an Individual-Level Educational Program to Assess the Likelihood of PrEP Use: Lessons Learned

This presentation will describe the design and evaluation of "PrEPUp!", an evidence-based, interactive, educational intervention, and share lessons learned from the process and outcome evaluations.

Topic: Adolescent and Pediatric Healthcare
Subfield: Speech and Hearing
Field: Health Professions
Domain: Health Sciences