jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
IoV Road Safety: Vehicle Speed Limiting System

Car accidents are a serious issue in our societies that need to be dealt with. One of the leading causes for car accidents deaths is speeding. Studies show that one third of serious accidents are linked to exceeding the speed limit or driving at an inappropriate speed. The speed of a vehicle is a key factor in determining the severity of an accident which implies that setting the correct speed limit for cars is an important factor for road safety. The objective of this paper is to propose a new way to control car speed limits to provide safer and better roads. The system proposed consists of a transmitter and receiver units. The transmitter will be deployed in streets constantly transmitting control data. This data will be picked by the receiver fixed in every car travelling within the transmitter's range. Upon receiving the control data, the receiver will set a speed limit to the car, preventing it from going over that speed limit. The project proposed allows communication between vehicles and road signs. Allowing communication between the road signs and vehicles is used to convey important information to regulate traffic flow. Such information would be speed limit of the road, weather conditions, congested traffic areas and alarm messages in case of emergencies. As sustainable solutions for this problem have not been identified yet, this system might be the answer.

Topic: IoT and GPS-based Vehicle Safety Systems
Subfield: Mechanical Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
CCDC 748147: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.

Topic: Crystallization and Solubility Studies
Subfield: Materials Chemistry
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
[A comparative study on intraoperative electrocorticography with long-term intracranial EEG for localizing epileptogenic zone].

The IED from long-term EEG recording had moderate correlation in frequency and amplitude with ID position. IED frequency was usually decreased on ECoG when compared with long-term monitoring. However, ECoG could reliably reflect the IED pattern and the correlations between IED with ID in term of frequency and amplitude in the long-term EEG monitoring, when IED frequency exceeded 3 spikes/min. Under this circumstance, IED could be used for localizing the epileptogenic zone.

Topic: Advanced MRI Techniques and Applications
Subfield: Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Terrorism and catholic theology *This essay is based on a lecture for the Archbishop Quinn Colloquium, a gathering of Christians at the University of San Francisco on March 1, 2003

(2003). Terrorism and catholic theology *This essay is based on a lecture for the Archbishop Quinn Colloquium, a gathering of Christians at the University of San Francisco on March 1, 2003. Peace Review: Vol. 15, No. 3, pp. 323-329.

Topic: American Constitutional Law and Politics
Subfield: Political Science and International Relations
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Excerpt from &lt;em&gt;Dead Stars: American and Philippine Literary Perspectives on the American Colonization of the Philippines&lt;/em&gt;

&lt;em&gt;Dead Stars: American and Philippine Literary Perspectives on the American Colonization of the Philippines&lt;/em&gt; examines the American colonization of the Philippines from three distinct but related literary perspectives.&lt;span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;The first is the reaction of&lt;span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;anti-imperialist American writers Mark Twain, W. E. B. Du Bois, and William James to America’s first foray into the role of colonizer and how their varied essays, letters, and speeches provide an incisive delineation of fundamental conflicts in American identity at the turn of the twentieth century.&lt;span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;The book then analyzes how these same conflicts surface in the colonial regime’s use of American literature as a tool to inculcate American values in the colonial educational system.&lt;span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;Finally, &lt;em&gt;Dead Stars&lt;/em&gt; considers the way three early and important Filipino writers—Paz Marquez Benitez, Maximo Kalaw, and Juan C. Laya—interpret and represent these same tensions in their fiction.&lt;br /&gt;

Topic: Philippine History and Culture
Subfield: Anthropology
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Manifesting the memory : a memorial for a meteorite

Architecture extends far beyond the structuring of basic shelter. The role of architecture is to have a positive contribution on the human being and the surrounding environment. The dissertation proposes to re-address the experience of architecture in the public realm and investigate its responsibility and potential contribution towards cultural and environmental heritage. The selected project is an Interpretation centre for the Tswaing Meteorite Crater, located within the historic salt and soda factory in the Tswaing Nature reserve, Gauteng, South Africa. Copyright

Topic: Pacific and Southeast Asian Studies
Subfield: Geography, Planning and Development
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
The Determinants of Sovereign Sukuk Issuance from Organization of Islamic Cooperation Members

The objective of this study is to analyze the factor of uncertain macroeconomics condition on the issuance of sovereign using four indicators, economic growth, inflation, exchange rate, and the money supply. The data is analyzed using the Fixed Effect Panel Regression Model. The finding of this study shows that partially, economic growth, exchange rate, and money supply have a positive and significant effect on the issuance of sovereign sukuk. However, only inflation shows a negative and significant effect on the issuance of sovereign sukuk. This means that inflation is inversely proportional to the issuance of sovereign sukuk. The increase in inflation will lower the issuance of sovereign sukuk and vice versa. The result of F-test finds that simultaneously economic growth, inflation, exchange rate, and money supply have a significant effect on the issuance of sovereign sukuk.

Topic: Islamic Finance and Banking Studies
Subfield: Accounting
Field: Business, Management and Accounting
Domain: Social Sciences
The Rheological Properties of SiC-ZrB&lt;SUB&gt;2&lt;/SUB&gt; Composite Suspensions

为制备高性能SiC-ZrB 2 网眼多孔陶瓷, 对SiC-ZrB 2 复合浆料的流动性质进行了初步研究。分析SiC和ZrB 2 粉体在水溶液中的流动性质, 并对分散剂硅溶胶和粘结剂羧甲基纤维素(CMC)的添加量进行优化。基于以上优化结果, 重点探索了固含量和ZrB 2 添加量对浆料流动性质的影响. 固含量为65wt%的浆料可作为有机泡沫浸渍过程的最有条件, 而ZrB 2 添加量不可超过25wt%。

Topic: Advanced ceramic materials synthesis
Subfield: Ceramics and Composites
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
[Imaging technics in bronchology].

Bronchoscopic imaging and diagnostics are tightly connected with radiological and pathological techniques. While computer tomography (virtual bronchoscopy) makes possible to mimic a realistic endobronchial situation, autofluorescent bronchoscopy holds significant potential to discover precancerous lesions not identifiable by standard bronchoscopy. Endoscopic ultrasound and fluoroscopy can be applied in order to obtain images and tissue samples from the extrabronchial areas. Electromagnetic navigation during flexible bronchoscopy, a novel technology that facilitates approaching peripheral lung lesions, involves creating an electromagnetic field around the thorax and localizing an endoscopic tool using a microsensor overlaid upon previously acquired CT images. In conclusion, parallel use of invasive and non-invasive imaging has the potential for considerable improvements in the diagnostic possibilities of routine bronchoscopic procedures.

Topic: Lung Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment
Subfield: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Acromesomelic dysplasia-Maroteaux type, nine patients with two novel <i>NPR2</i> variants

Abstract Objectives Acromesomelic dysplasia, type Maroteaux, is an autosomal recessive skeletal dysplasia caused by biallelic loss of function variations of NPR2 , which encodes a cartilage regulator C-type natriuretic peptide receptor B. NPR2 variations impair skeletal growth. It is a rare type of dwarfism characterized by shortening of the middle and distal segments of the limbs with spondylar dysplasia. Methods We performed detailed clinical and radiological evaluation and sequence analysis for NPR2 . Results Herein, we report nine patients from eight families with two novel NPR2 pathogenic variants. Conclusions This study describes typical clinical phenotypes of Maroteaux type acromesomelic dysplasia, and enriches the variant spectrum of NPR2 by reporting one nonsense and one missense novel variant. We emphasize the importance of detailed clinical evaluation before genetic testing in diagnosing rare skeletal disorders.

Topic: Connective tissue disorders research
Subfield: Genetics
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Influence of humidity on the characteristics of negative corona discharge in air

Detailed negative corona discharge characteristics, such as the pulse amplitude, repetition frequency, average corona current, rise time, and half-wave time, are systematically studied under various air humidities with a single artificial defect electrode. The experimental result reveals that the pulse amplitude increases with the increase of air humidity; meanwhile, the repetition frequency deceases as the air humidity increases. Empirical formulae are first established for the pulse amplitude and repetition frequency with the humidity factor taken into consideration. The effective ionization integral is calculated and a positive correlation is found between the integral and the pulse amplitude. Furthermore, a simplified negative-ion cloud model is built up to investigate the mechanism of the humidity's influence on negative corona discharge. Based on the theoretical analyses, the correlation between pulse amplitude, repetition frequency, and air humidity is well explained.

Topic: Aerosol Filtration and Electrostatic Precipitation
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
The Spice Islands voyage: the quest for Alfred Wallace, the man who shared Darwin's discovery of evolution

This remarkable account of Tim Severin's voyage to the Indonesian Archipelago in search of the island paradise that naturalist Alfred Russel Wallace had explored 140 years before him offers both the thrills of exotic adventure and the marvels of scientific discovery. In a replica of the boat that Wallace himself sailed to the Spice Islands and with Wallace's The Malay Archipelago as his guide, Severin travels to remote shores that still harbor such rare but fast-disappearing creatures as red birds of paradise, flying foxes, and bird-winged butterflies. Not only does he discover the now-endangered flora and fauna that Wallace recorded in his expeditions, he also pays due homage to his intrepid predecessor, the man who provided Darwin with the ideas and principles that changed forever the way we view nature and with him co-authored the theory of evolution.

Topic: Evolution and Science Education
Subfield: History and Philosophy of Science
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
102 A two-centre survey of caregiver perspectives on opioid use for children’s acute pain management

BACKGROUND: Given the current opioid crisis, caregivers have mounting fears regarding the use of opioid medication in their children. Since caregivers are often the gatekeepers to their children’s pain management, understanding their perspectives on analgesics is essential. OBJECTIVES: For caregivers of children with acute injury presenting to the pediatric emergency department (PED), we aimed to determine caregivers’: a) willingness to accept opioids from emergency care providers, b) reasons for refusing opioids, and c) past experiences with opioids. DESIGN/METHODS: A novel 31-item electronic survey was offered, via tablet device, to caregivers of children aged 4–16 years who had a musculoskeletal injury <7 days old and presented to one of two Canadian PEDs between March and November 2017. Primary outcome was caregiver willingness to accept opioids for moderate pain for their children. RESULTS: 517 caregivers completed the survey. The mean caregiver age was 40.9 +/- 7 years with 70.0% (362/517) being mothers. 15% (76/506) reported personal or family member diagnosis of a substance use disorder. Children included 62.2% (321/516) males with an overall mean age of 10 +/- 3.6 years. 49.6% of caregivers (254/512) reported willingness to accept opioids for moderate pain that persisted after adequate dosing of non-opioid analgesia, while 37.1% (190/512) were unsure what they would do. Only 33.2% (170/512) of caregivers stated they would accept opioid analgesia upon discharge while 45.5% (233/512) were unsure about at-home use. Caregivers were primarily concerned about side effects, overdose, addiction, and masking of diagnosis. Caregiver fear of addiction (OR 1.12, 95% CI 1.01–1.25) and side effects (OR 1.25, 95% CI 1.11–1.42) increased the odds of rejecting opioids in the emergency department, while fears of addiction (OR 1.19, 95% CI 1.07–1.32) and overdose (OR 1.15, 95% CI 1.04–1.27) increased the odds of rejecting opioids for at-home use. CONCLUSION: Only half of caregivers reported that they would accept opioids for moderate pain, despite ongoing pain following non-opioid analgesics. Caregiver fears of addiction, side effects, overdose, and masking their child’s diagnosis influence their behaviours. These findings are a first step in understanding caregiver decision-making and can guide healthcare providers in their conversations about acute pain treatment with families.

Topic: Pediatric Pain Management Techniques
Subfield: Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
95 Molecular modelling studies of enterostatin

The pepbde hormone, enterostutin is formed in the duodenum by the mypsin-catalysed cleavage of procdipase to form colipase and release enterostatin [l]. Its effects are biokgcally interesting [2]: inhibiting food intake, particularly fat-rich diets, in rats [l]. Enterostatin appears to bind to target neurons to elicit a satiation signal and inhibit feeding [l]. he primary structure of enterostatin is highly conserved ac~oss species Table 1.

Topic: Nutrition, Genetics, and Disease
Subfield: Genetics
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Mirroring the real world in social media

In recent years social media has been used to characterize and predict real world events, and in this research we seek to investigate how closely Twitter mirrors the real world. Specifically, we wish to characterize the relationship between the language used on Twitter and the results of the 2011 NBA Playoff games. We hypothesize that the language used by Twitter users will be useful in classifying the users' locations combined with the current status of which team is in the lead during the game. This is based on the common assumption that "fans" of a team have more positive sentiment and will accordingly use different language when their team is doing well. We investigate this hypothesis by labeling each tweet according the the location of the user along with the team that is in the lead at the time of the tweet. The hypothesized difference in language (as measured by tfidf) should then have predictive power over the tweet labels. We find that indeed it does and we experiment further by adding semantic orientation (SO) information as part of the feature set. The SO does not offer much improvement over tf-idf alone. We discuss the relative strengths of the two types of features for our data.

Topic: Complex Network Analysis Techniques
Subfield: Statistical and Nonlinear Physics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Toward Automatic Subsurface Pipeline Mapping by Fusing a Ground-Penetrating Radar and a Camera

We propose a novel subsurface pipeline mapping and 3D reconstruction method by fusing ground-penetrating radar (GPR) scans and camera images. To facilitate the simultaneous detection of multiple pipelines, we model the GPR sensing process and prove hyperbola response for general scanning with nonperpendicular angles. Furthermore, we fuse visual simultaneous localization and mapping outputs, encoder readings with GPR scans to classify hyperbolas into different pipeline groups. We extensively apply the J-linkage method and maximum likelihood estimation with error analysis to improve algorithm robustness and accuracy. As a result, we optimally estimate the radii and locations of all pipelines. We have implemented our method and tested it in physical experiments with representative pipeline configurations. Two different kinds of 3-m-long pipes are used, with radii being 4.62 and 3.02 cm, respectively. The results show that our method successfully reconstructs all subsurface pipes. Moreover, the average estimation errors for two orientation angles of pipelines are 1.73° and 0.73°, respectively. The average localization error is 4.47 cm. Note to Practitioners-Automatic and accurate underground pipeline mapping technology is very important in civil construction projects. Lack of 3D utility pipeline maps may lead to accidental damage in civil construction and maintenance. Although ground-penetrating radar (GPR-based pipeline mapping methods have been studied for several years, these methods require the perpendicular scanning with respect to the pipe, which is impossible to guarantee in practice since the orientations of pipelines are unknown. Furthermore, these traditional methods can only estimate one pipeline at a time in a survey area and require prior knowledge of pipe diameter. We propose a robotic subsurface pipeline mapping method with a GPR and a camera to handle difficult factors such as multiple pipes, unknown pipeline orientation, and unknown pipeline diameters. Hence, we can perform GPR scanning along any generic linear trajectories. Our method has been tested in physical experiments with representative pipeline configurations. The results are sufficiently accurate, and it proves that our method can be an effective technology to reconstruct the underground pipelines.

Topic: Geophysical Methods and Applications
Subfield: Ocean Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
P45 Bow Hunter’s syndrome due to kimmerle anomaly: a rare cause of transient vertebrobasilar insufficiency diagnosed with provocative DSA

<h3>Background</h3> Rotational occlusion of the vertebral artery known as Bow hunter's syndrome(BHS) is a rare cause of transient vertebrobasilar insufficiency symptoms. The underlying pathology is dynamic stenosis or compression of the VA by abnormal bony structures with neck rotation or extension in many cases, such as osteophyte, disc herniation, cervical spondylosis, tendinous bands or tumours. Complete or incomplete ossification of the posterior atlantooccipital membrane forming a bony ridge between the superoposterior lateral mass of the atlas and its posterior arch is called the Kimmerle anomaly. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of BHS caused by the Kimmerle anomaly proved with provocative DSA and CT scan for a patient with long-standing transient vertebrobasilar insufficiency on vestibular sedatives. <h3>Objective</h3> To report a rare case of a fifty-one-year-old driver who presented with transient giddiness only on reversing his car with rightward head rotation diagnosed with provocative digital subtraction angiography (DSA). <h3>Materials and methods</h3> Clinical history and unique advanced imaging findings are reported. <h3>Results</h3> Provocative DSA revealed dynamic stenosis of the left vertebral artery at C1 vertebral level. CT angiogram revealed ponticulus posticus or Kimmerle anomaly occurring due to calcification of the posterior atlanto-occipital (PAO) membrane and treatments with surgical correction were advised. A high index of clinical suspicion helps in prompt diagnosis of BHS in patients with transient vertebrobasilar insufficiency. <h3>Conclusion</h3> This case highlights the importance of provocative DSA in making the definitive diagnosis of BHS and also reports its causal association with calcified PAO membrane or Kimmerle anomaly. <h3>References</h3> Jost GF, Dailey AT. Bow Hunter's Syndrome Revisited. 2 New Cases and a Literature Review of 124 Cases. <i>Neurosurg Focus</i> 2015;<b>38</b>(4):E7. Matsuyama T, Morimoto T, Sakaki T. Bow Hunter's Stroke Caused by a Nondominant Vertebral Artery Occlusion. Case Report.Neurosurgery. 1997;<b>41</b>(6):1393–95. Sorensen BF. Bow Hunter's Stroke. <i>Neurosurgery</i> 1978;2:259–61. Duan G, Xu J, Shi J, Cao Y. Advances in the pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of bow hunter's syndrome. A comprehensive review of the literature. <i>Intervent Neurol</i> 2016;5:29–38. <h3></h3> <b>Do you have any conflict of interest to declare?</b>: No

Topic: Spinal Fractures and Fixation Techniques
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
PD-L1 back signaling manipulates IL-6 signaling to coordinate innate immune responses

Abstract Programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) interaction with PD-1 on T cells limits immune activation to prevent immunopathology in healthy tissues and the development of autoimmunity. While ligation of PD-1 by PD-L1 leads to T cell-intrinsic PD-1 signaling, PD-L1 back signaling into the ligand-bearing cell remains poorly defined. We recently outlined a major role for PD-L1 back signaling in regulating dermal dendritic cell (DC) migration to the lymph node following a type I interferon inducing stimulus or infection. Similar to prior studies in IFNβ treated cancer cells, we noted increased pSTAT3 post DC activation that was unchanged with addition of CCL21. Increased pSTAT3 occurred in Pdl1−/− DCs and in DCs from mice in which 3 cytoplasmic residues were mutated to alanine (Pdl1CM). Since STAT3 propagates signalling through the IL-6 receptor, we hypothesized that increased IL-6 signaling may explain elevated pSTAT3 in Pdl1−/− and Pdl1CM DCs. To test whether PDL1 back signaling contributed to STAT3-associated cytokine responses, we generated bone marrow derived DCs from Pdl1−/− and Pdl1CM mice and observed significantly higher levels of IL-6 compared to WT controls following activation. We next asked if PD-L1 back signaling is important for proper innate activation as PD-L1 is upregulated on many innate immune populations early after systemic L. monocytogenes (LM) infection. We found loss of PD-L1 back signaling following infection led to differences in circulating levels of many innate immune cells and reduced IL-6 in the serum. These findings demonstrate that PD-L1 back signaling in innate immune cells may assist in coordinating IL-6 signaling and proper activation of early innate immune responses during systemic LM infection. Supported by grants from NIH (R01 AI155474, T32 AI074491 - “Molecular Mechanisms of Immune Tolerance”)

Topic: T-cell and B-cell Immunology
Subfield: Immunology
Field: Immunology and Microbiology
Domain: Life Sciences