jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Behavioural responsiveness of virtual users for students’ creative problem-finding in architectural design

Previous theories have hypothesised that the behavioural responsiveness of autonomous, anthropomorphic computer-agents of virtual users (VUsers) influences designers' creative problem-finding in architectural design; however, this assumption has not yet been investigated. To examine this hypothesis, the present study compared the presence and non-presence of VUsers and used responsive and non-responsive VUsers in students' authentic problem-finding. Statistical analyses based on the students' self-assessments revealed that: (1) the presence of VUsers better facilitates the discovery of more unexpected and functional design solutions, as well as more evaluations of the usability and values of design solutions, including users' safety and comfort, than the non-presence of VUsers; (2) VUsers' responsive behaviours facilitated the discovery of more unexpected and physical functions of design solutions, as well as more evaluations of users' safety and comfort, than non-responsive VUser behaviours; and (3) when the behavioural details were not distinctive, the evaluation scores were indifferent.

Topic: Design Education and Practice
Subfield: Mechanical Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
High-frequency electrical pulse generation using optical rectification in bulk GaAs

We present the realization of a traveling-wave electrical pulse generator using pure nonresonant instantaneous optical rectification in bulk GaAs. The optical excitation was achieved by far-infrared pulses of 1–6 ps duration in the wavelength range from 8 to 15 μm, generated by a free-electron laser. The coupling of the optical rectification polarization into the fundamental mode of the microstrip transmission line is verified by angle-resolved measurements. Since optical femtosecond pulses are now becoming readily available, this alternative technique, which gains in efficiency at shorter pulses, may find growing importance for ultrafast pulse generation.

Topic: Terahertz technology and applications
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Bias-Free Operational UTC-PD above 110 GHz and Its Application to High Baud Rate Fixed-Fiber Communication and W-Band Photonic Wireless Communication

We present the design of a bias-free uni-travelling-carrier photodiode (UTC-PD) that is operational above 110 GHz, and its application to 100-GBd fixed-fiber communication and 109-GHz carrier-photonic wireless communication for advanced optical networks. The design and analysis for bias-free operation were explained in detail using the carrier concentration in the photo-absorption layer and carrier collector layer. In the experimental results, the developed UTC-PD with back-illuminated structure exhibited a wide 3-dB bandwidth of over 110 GHz at 0 V. For fixed-fiber communications, a high-baud-rate photoreceiver based on the UTC-PD was fabricated. Eye diagrams showed clear openings at up to 107 GBd and high photo-currents of 3-7 mA at 100 GHz signal light were observed at zero-bias. Assuming photonic wireless communication using photonic power supply through optical fiber, the developed UTC-PD contributed to reducing bias feeds to the photoreceiver module. Additionally, low power consumption was achieved when using the newly developed 110 GHz InP-PHEMT amplifier with the UTC-PD.

Topic: Advanced Photonic Communication Systems
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
A Quality Improvement Project to Gain Insight Into What Helps Cancer Patients Cope During Outpatient Radiation Therapy Treatments

Psychosocial support in cancer care has not been researched or published to the degree of physical support. This type of support includes the mental, emotional, social, and spiritual needs of patients and loved ones. This quality improvement project provides insight for those seeking understanding of what exactly helps cancer patients cope during outpatient radiation therapy treatments. The purpose of this project was to learn what practices benefit patient's coping during outpatient external radiation therapy treatments in order to increase attention given to psychosocial support of future cancer patients receiving outpatient external radiation therapy treatments. Insight from this project was used to create a resource handout for Novant Health Cancer Institute to help increase awareness, discussion, and attention to supporting outpatient radiation therapy patients emotionally and spiritually.

Topic: Palliative Care and End-of-Life Issues
Subfield: Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Effect of Must Hyperoxygenation on Sensory Expression and Chemical Composition of the Resulting Wines

This paper evaluates the effect of must hyperoxygenation on final wine. Lower concentrations of caftaric acid (0.29 mg·L−1), coutaric acid (1.37 mg·L−1) and Catechin (0.86 mg·L−1) were observed in hyperoxygenated must in contrast to control must (caftaric acid 32.78 mg·L−1, coutaric acid 5.01 mg·L−1 and Catechin 4.45 mg·L−1). In the final wine, hydroxybenzoic acids were found in higher concentrations in the control variant (gallic acid 2.58 mg·L−1, protocatechuic acid 1.02 mg·L−1, vanillic acid 2.05 mg·L−1, syringic acid 2.10 mg·L−1) than in the hyperoxygenated variant (2.01 mg·L−1, 0.86 mg·L−1, 0.98 mg·L−1 and 1.50 mg·L−1 respectively). Higher concentrations of total flavanols (2 mg·L−1 in hyperoxygenated must and 21 mg·L−1 in control must; 7.5 mg·L−1 in hyperoxygenated wine and 19.8 mg·L−1 in control wine) and polyphenols (97 mg·L−1 in hyperoxygenated must and 249 mg·L−1 in control must; 171 mg·L−1 in hyperoxygenated wine and 240 mg·L−1 in control wine) were found in both the must and the control wine. A total of 24 volatiles were determined using gas chromatography mass spectrometry. Statistical differences were achieved for isobutyl alcohol (26.33 mg·L−1 in control wine and 32.84 mg·L−1 in hyperoxygenated wine), or 1-propanol (7.28 mg·L−1 in control wine and 8.51 mg·L−1 in hyperoxygenated wine), while esters such as isoamyl acetate (1534.41 µg·L−1 in control wine and 698.67 µg·L−1 in hyperoxygenated wine), 1-hexyl acetate (136.32 µg·L−1 in control wine and 71.67 µg·L−1 in hyperoxygenated wine) and isobutyl acetate (73.88 µg·L−1 in control wine and 37.27 µg·L−1 in hyperoxygenated wine) had a statistically lower concentration.

Topic: Fermentation and Sensory Analysis
Subfield: Food Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
LHD nbpwr_tot_temporal #120754.1 (analyzed)

Sum of NBI port-through powers tangentially injected beam (NBI#1, NBI#2, NBI#3) and perpendicularly injected beam (NBI#4, NBI#5).

Topic: Health Systems, Economic Evaluations, Quality of Life
Subfield: Economics and Econometrics
Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance
Domain: Social Sciences
How osmolytes influence hydrophobic polymer conformations: A unified view from experiment and theory

Significance Osmolytes influence protein structure by either promoting (protecting osmolytes) or disrupting (denaturing osmolytes) the folding process. Current consensus is that protecting osmolytes [trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO)] act by being excluded from the protein surface while denaturing osmolytes (urea) bind to it. However there is little knowledge about the molecular mechanism of osmolyte action on hydrophobic macromolecules, which form the core of most proteins. This work, through a combination of single-molecule atomic force microscopy experiments and computer simulations, investigates the collapse behavior of a hydrophobic polymer polystyrene in TMAO and urea. The mechanism of osmolyte action on hydrophobic macromolecules is distinct from that of a protein, but, despite key differences, both mechanisms comply with the standard thermodynamic theory of preferential osmolyte binding.

Topic: Protein Structure and Dynamics
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Genetic variability, heritability and genetic advance in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill]

Sixty one genotypes of soybean were evaluated to determine genetic variability, heritability and genetic advance for 15 contributing characters. The analysis of variance revealed significant variations for all characters. The estimates of phenotypic (PCV) and genotypic (GCV) coefficients of variation indicated that the values of PCV were higher than that of GCV, but the differences were closer between these two estimates for all the traits. This indicated that expression of characters under study was less influenced due to environmental factors. The high values of GCV and PCV were observed for number of clusters per plant, seed yield per plant, biological yield per plant, number of pods per plant and plant height indicating presence of sufficient genetic variability for selection in these traits. High heritability accompanied by high genetic advance for plant height, number of clusters per plant, number of primary branches per plant, seed yield per plant, biological yield per plant and number of pods per plant suggested selection could be effective for these traits.

Topic: Soybean genetics and cultivation
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Perceptions of aging and health behavior: Determinants of a healthy diet in an older german population

The objectives of this study were to assess the association between perceptions of aging and health behavior, and to identify determinants of a healthy diet. Self-reported data obtained by computer-assisted telephone interviews from 2,002 German participants were analyzed. General population. 982 randomly selected men and 1,020 women aged 50–70 years were surveyed. The questionnaire consisted of 31 items concerning attitudes on age and aging (5-point Likert scale). Additionally variables including dietary habits, exercise, smoking, alcohol consumption as well as sociodemographic variables were also assessed. Factor and cluster analyses were used to identify typical perceptions of aging. Determinants of a healthy diet were identified by regression analysis. Three different perceptions were found: "fit and performance-hungry" (n=808), "conventional" (n=618), and "easygoing and committed" (n=576). The "fit and performance-hungry" engaged in exercising more regularly and were more likely to follow a healthy diet compared to the other groups in the sample. Diet was associated with attitudes and beliefs and came along with other favorable health behaviors like regular exercising and nonsmoking. Individuals with a positive perception of aging showed a significantly better health behavior than those who identified themselves with a conventional perception of aging. Individual perceptions of aging are an important starting point when designing prevention programs for older adults.

Topic: Aging and Gerontology Research
Subfield: Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Famine in the Colonial Agenda: The North Indian Experience: c. 1780–1837

This chapter discusses the relationship between famines and the colonial state in north India between 1780 and 1837. It begins with challenging British notions of post-Mughal ‘decline’ in the late 18th century north India as an ideological tool to legitimize the authority of the colonial state. While depopulation, migration, and the abandonment of cultivated land after the famine of 1783-4 had significant adverse effects on the economy of the Doab, it also helped the East India Company gaining experience in handling famines. The next famine of 1803-4 elicited several measures for the prevention of droughts, including the promotion of irrigation, leniency and flexibility in revenue collection, giving advances (taqvi) to cultivators, the prohibition of grain exports, the creation of grain storages, the setting up of free trade grain markets, the import of grains, anti-hoarding laws, and price controls.

Topic: Historical Economic and Social Studies
Subfield: Economics and Econometrics
Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance
Domain: Social Sciences
A Successful Model for Partnership between Community College and University Engineering Departments Leading to Expanded Access to Baccalaureate Engineering Education

Abstract Increasing numbers of engineering students are starting their higher education at a community college with intent to transfer to a four year university to complete their Bachelor of Science degree. To facilitate the transition from community college to junior year university studies, new partnership models have been developed that offer more flexibility to students without sacrificing higher education quality. This paper shares details of a successful partnership between Everett Community College (EvCC) and Washington State University (WSU) to offer WSU Mechanical Engineering (BSME) and Electrical Engineering (BSEE) degrees located on the EvCC campus in Everett, WA. Extending the WSU BSME and BSEE programs to a location on the Everett Community College campus has proven to be very helpful and attractive to students from a variety of backgrounds and life situations that are historically underrepresented in the engineering undergraduate population. Enrollments in both programs have been growing steadily since the inception of the BSME program in fall 2012 and the BSEE program in fall 2014. Close collaborations have been built to leverage the knowledge, skills, and facilities of both institutions to provide a rich student experience with often limited resources. Community college students can enroll in some of the same classes as junior level WSU students before making the transfer, thus gaining exposure to the upper division experience before committing to the WSU program and providing opportunities for social mixing of sophomore and junior level students not typically available to community college sophomores. Collaborative relationships among faculty and students at the two institutions ensure the transition to be as seamless as possible. This paper provides an overview of the governing articulation agreements under which the program operates before sharing details regarding how the two programs align and integrate specific course curriculum, manage logistics such as course scheduling and equipment sharing, and provide overall continuity in the student experience.

Topic: Engineering Education and Curriculum Development
Subfield: Media Technology
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
SECOND ATTACKS OF ANTERIOR POLIOMYELITIS

The incidence of second attacks of anterior poliomyelitis assumes considerable importance, both as a possible indication of the immunity which is developed from the disease and in differential considerations for patients who have previously had anterior poliomyelitis. Second attacks of this disease would seem to be extremely rare. Fischer and Stillerman,1in an analysis of all so-called second attacks of poliomyelitis reported prior to 1938, were able to collect 13 which they considered authentic, to which they added certain others. Although the number of cases reported is remarkably few, even a few cases may be significant considering the low incidence of poliomyelitis in the general population. At the Harvard Infantile Paralysis Commission, while following 6,000 cases of poliomyelitis, we have encountered 4 in which the findings were such as to allow a diagnosis of a second attack of the disease. It is significant that all 4 of the patients

Topic: Viral Infections and Immunology Research
Subfield: Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Generalized index theorem for string superconductivity in realistic models

In the presence of a string, we calculate the index of the Dirac operator for 2n chiral fermions which get their masses through couplings to various scalar fields with arbitrary phase variations around the string. This calculation generalizes known results and is, in many cases of cosmic strings in realistic models, the only available information for the existence of fermionic zero modes, necessary for string superconductivity.

Topic: Cosmology and Gravitation Theories
Subfield: Astronomy and Astrophysics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
ThP1.7 - Moving to a specialist nurse-led service for genetic testing in breast cancer

Abstract Aims To assess the impact of a genetics nurse led clinic in breast cancer patients treatment. Methods A specialist, nurse-led breast cancer genetics service was set up in September 2022 for patients meeting the R208 and R444 criteria. A prospective data collection was performed from September 2022 to October 2023 and included patient demographics, test result and if the result led to any alteration in management of patient. Results 78 eligible patients, with a mean age of 52.8 (31-90) years. 4 (5.1%) were male. 1 (1.3%) patient declined testing, a further 1 (1.3%) patient was undecided and 1 (1.3%) wished for storage only. Patients waited 1-2 weeks following a breast cancer diagnosis to see the nurse specialist and 4-6 weeks for urgent results. The pathogenic variants identified were BRCA1 (5.3%), BRCA2 (6.7%), CHEK2 (2.7%) and PALB2 (1.3%). Of the remainder 84% of patients tested negative. Altered management occurred in 8 (10.7%) patients, 4 (50%) received risk reducing surgery, 2 (25%) received Olaparib and 2 (25%) received Olaparib and underwent risk reducing surgery. Conclusion The move to a nurse-led service has proved to be successful in terms of reduced waiting times for genetic testing appointments and results. It also ensured that all appropriate patients with breast cancer were offered genetic testing, leading to more effective and efficient treatment decisions, such as risk reducing surgery and tailored chemotherapy which could improve long-term health outcomes.

Topic: BRCA gene mutations in cancer
Subfield: Genetics
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Understanding SLCO1B1 and ABCG2 transporter effects on rosuvastatin pharmacokinetics in Whites and Asians

Statins are one of the most commonly prescribed drug classes in the world to treat hyperlipoidemia. Statins inhibit HMG-CoA reductase to block the upstream cholesterol synthesis pathway in the liver. Seven different statins are currently on the market in the US and many exhibit differential drug exposure in different ethnic groups, including pravastatin, rosuvastatin, and simvastatin. In the rosuvastatin drug label, FDA recommends a lower starting dose for Asians due to the observation of 2 fold higher rosuvastatin systemic exposure. The mechanism of differential rosuvastatin exposure between Asians and Whites remains under investigation. Rosuvastatin is a minimally metabolized drug and with 90% excreted unchanged. According to the Biopharmaceutics Drug Disposition Classification System, it is a class III compound, which suggests that uptake and efflux transporters are necessary for rosuvastatin disposition. Two drug transporters, OATP1B1 (SLCO1B1) and BCRP (ABCG2), are well described in the literature to play important roles in rosuvastatin absorption, distribution, and elimination. Although previous studies have shown that increase in rosuvastatin exposure was associated with either OATP1B1 or BCRP reduced function variants in both ethnicities, the two-fold higher rosuvastatin AUC in Chinese cannot be explained by either OATP1B1 or BCRP reduced function variants and their allele frequencies alone. Therefore, we hypothesize that both OATP1B1 and BCRP reduced function variants and their allele frequencies together dictate the rosuvastatin exposure. The research presented here first evaluated the effect of the major allele of OATP1B1 and BCRP together on rosuvastatin pharmacokinetics in Asian and White healthy volunteers and showed the differential rosuvastatin exposure was mitigated after controlling for both OATP1B1 and BCRP wildtype. Secondly, we evaluated the influence of intestinal absorption on rosuvastatin pharmacokinetics. Our study showed no clinically significant increase in rosuvastatin exposure when the upper GIs are bypassed in obese patients, indicating proximal intestinal absorption might play a minimal role in rosuvastatin pharmacokinetics. Collectively, these studies aim to highlight the potential for personalized medicine of rosuvastatin dosing given the different genetic background that may translate to more effective treatment of hyperlipidemia and obese patients.

Topic: Drug Transport and Resistance Mechanisms
Subfield: Oncology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Thermal Parameters as a Predictor of Precipitation Type for Carswell AFB, Texas.

Abstract : The paper presents a summary of thermal parameters as predictors of precipitation type at Carswell AFB, Texas. The material presented in this paper may be used to make an objective forecast when the input data are extracted from current observations and prognastic facsimile charts. The Greater Southwest Airport (GSW), Fort Worth, Texas, radiosonde data (for 0000Z and 1200Z) are correlated against precipitation type that occurred at Carswell AFB, Texas, within plus or minus three hours of radiosonde time. Thermal parameter combinations used in this study are: 1000-850mb thickness, 1000-700mb thickness, 1000-500mb thickness; surface and 950mb temperatures. (Author)

Topic: Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations
Subfield: Atmospheric Science
Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences
Domain: Physical Sciences
Developing Culturally and Structurally Responsive Approaches to STEM Education to Advance Education Equity

Numerous structural and cultural barriers exist that contribute to the underrepresentation of Black/African American students in STEM disciplines and careers. This article explores how structural and cultural barriers operate to impact Black/African American students’ pursuit of STEM education and STEM careers. The authors describe structurally and culturally responsive frameworks that may address these barriers and provide specific recommendations to increase education equity and representation of Black/African American students in STEM careers.

Topic: Career Development and Diversity
Subfield: Safety Research
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences