jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
WHEN YOUR HEART IS AFLUTTER AND YOU'RE WEAK AT THE KNEES: A CASE REPORT

A 49 year old gentleman presented to Neurology with a 10 year history of deteriorating mobility. He described an evolving bilateral foot drop from his mid–thirties, with progressive symptoms affecting his left hand, manifesting as difficulties performing fine tasks such as snapping his fingers. He also had bilateral sensorineural deafness. He was known to cardiology with a tachy–brady syndrome which had evolved into persistent atrial fibrillation not requiring a pacemaker. His mother had Alzheimer9s disease, with a “shuffling gait”. His brother suffered from childhood polio. On examination, he was dysarthric, with wasting and weakness of the interossei and thenar eminence in both hands. There was wasting of the calf muscles and of tibialis anterior, with normal arched feet. Weakness was present at hips, knees and ankles with marked symmetrical weakness of ankle dorsiflexion bilaterally. <h3>Investigations</h3> showed normal CK with a myopathic pattern on EMG. His ECG showed atrial fibrillation with left bundle branch block and echocardiography demonstrated biatrial enlargement. Given his presentation and family history a muscle biopsy was performed. This revealed numerous atrophic fibers and an increase in internal nucleation, with scattered cytoplasmic vacuoles. There was also a mild increase in type 1 fibre and abnormal Desmin staining. Sequencing of the VCP (valosin containing protein) gene did not identify any abnormality. Then sequencing of the DES (Desmin) gene was performed and identified a mis–sense mutation c.1346A&gt;C (p.Lys449Thr), diagnosing a desminopathy. Desminopathy is part of the myofibrillar myopathies (MFMs). They are a group of muscular dystrophies, associated with myofibrillar disorganisation and accumulation of myofibrillar degradation products. Diagnosis is via muscle pathology and electron microscopy. Inheritance can be autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive, X–linked and rarely sporadic. Age of onset can vary between third and seventh decades. Patients present with progressive muscle weakness which can be distal, limb–girdle or scapuloperoneal in distribution. Cardiomyopathy may precede muscle weakness and cardiac arrhythmias may occur. Respiratory insufficiency, including diaphragm paralysis, peripheral neuropathy and spinal rigidity can be associated with some subsets. Desmin is a 53kDa intermediate filament which is involved in the formation of cellular cytoskeleton. Over 40 mutations have been described, the majority clustering in the alpha–helical head domain but there is also newer evidence that mutations in the “tail” region can lead to similar phenotypes.<sup>1–4</sup> Recognising MFMs is important because of their myriad of implications. Although there is no active treatment for the muscular dystrophy, cardiac and respiratory interventions can be used. Furthermore, it is crucial to identify family members at risk and counsel them appropriately.

Topic: Skin and Cellular Biology Research
Subfield: Cell Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Cost-effectiveness of axicabtagene ciloleucel versus lisocabtagene maraleucel for adult patients with relapsed or refractory large B-cell lymphoma after two or more lines of systemic therapy in the US

This study evaluated from a US payer perspective the cost-effectiveness of two chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR T) cell therapies, axicabtagene ciloleucel (axi-cel) versus lisocabtagene maraleucel (liso-cel), for the treatment of adult patients with relapsed or refractory (r/r) large B-cell lymphoma (LBCL) following two or more systemic therapy lines. We developed a 3-state (i.e., pre-progression, post-progression, death) partitioned survival model to estimate patients’ lifetime outcomes. Mixture cure models were used for survival extrapolation to account for long-term remission. Survival inputs were based on a matching-adjusted indirect comparison (MAIC) that reweighted the ZUMA-1 population (receiving axi-cel) to match patient characteristics in TRANSCEND-NHL-001 (assessing liso-cel). Costs included apheresis, drug acquisition, and administration for conditioning chemotherapy and CAR T therapies, monitoring, transplant, hospitalization, adverse events, routine care, and terminal care, per published literature and databases. Utilities were derived from ZUMA-1 and literature. Deterministic and probabilistic sensitivity analyses were conducted. In the base case, axi-cel was associated with more QALYs (7.76 vs. 5.94) and greater costs overall ($611,440 vs. $597,174) than liso-cel, at $7,843/QALY gained. The incremental costs (+$14,266) were largely driven by higher routine care costs (+$18,596) due to longer survival and hospitalization (+$10,993) but partially offset by reduced costs of CAR T acquisition (‒$11,300) and terminal care (‒$4,025). Sensitivity analyses consistently suggested robustness of base-case results. This study relied on an MAIC in which trial design differences and unobserved confounders could not be accounted for. Future real-world studies for recently approved CAR T are warranted to validate our results. Due to a lack of data, we assumed equivalent use of transplants and treatment for B-cell aplasia between the two therapies based on clinicians’ opinions. In the US, axi-cel is a potentially cost-effective treatment option compared with liso-cel for adult patients with r/r LBCL after two or more systemic therapy lines.

Topic: CAR-T cell therapy research
Subfield: Oncology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Excited-State Double Exchange in Manganese-Doped ZnO Quantum Dots: A Time-Dependent Density-Functional Study

The lowest-energy electronic excited states of ZnO quantum dots containing 1−3 Mn2+ ions have been studied by time-dependent density functional theory. The calculations show that these excited states involve holes with predominantly manganese 3d character and electrons delocalized in conduction-band-like orbitals, consistent with description of these lowest-energy excited states as charge-transfer (photoionization) states. When the quantum dot contains two or more distant Mn2+ ions, spin-dependent hole delocalization among the dopants is observed, with parallel Mn2+ spin alignment maximizing hole delocalization and excited state energy stabilization. This effect is proposed to arise from double exchange in the charge-transfer excited state.

Topic: ZnO doping and properties
Subfield: Materials Chemistry
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Molecular detection of pathogens from cultured whiteleg shrimp farms in Karnataka, India

Litopenaeus vannamei, commonly known as the Whiteleg shrimp, emerges as one of the most economically lucrative species in India's commercial aquaculture sector. The primary objective of this study is to detect common pathogens affecting cultured shrimp in Karnataka using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis. Over the period spanning from January 2020 to March 2022, a total of 278 samples were meticulously collected from shrimp farms in Karnataka. The screening process targeted both Office of Internationale des Epizootics (OIE) listed and non-OIE listed shrimp pathogens. The PCR analysis revealed the presence of white spot syndrome virus and Enterocytozoon hepatopenaei in the collected samples, with no detection of other pathogens. Out of the 278 samples, 63 (22.6%) were confirmed positive for EHP, while 14 (5%) showed infection by WSSV. Intriguingly, three samples were concurrently infected by both EHP and WSSV. Shrimp samples infected with WSSV exhibited distinctive white spots on the carapace, whereas EHP-infected shrimps displayed symptoms such as size variation and a white gut. Further histopathology analysis of gill tissue infected with WSSV revealed basophilic intra-nuclear inclusion bodies, while hepatopancreas tissue infected with EHP exhibited basophilic plasmodium. Notably, the study underscored a higher prevalence of EHP in shrimp farms across Karnataka. In light of these findings, the study strongly advocates for the implementation of stringent biosecurity measures and robust management practices in shrimp culture areas, emphasizing their critical role in sustaining the cultivation of L. vannamei in India.

Topic: Aquaculture disease management and microbiota
Subfield: Immunology
Field: Immunology and Microbiology
Domain: Life Sciences
Clinical presentation and treatment of catameinal pneumothorax and endometriosis-related pneumothorax

<b>Introduction</b>: Catamenial pneumothorax (CP) is defined as a recurrent spontaneous pneumothorax occurring in females of reproductive age. In the 'perimenstrual period,' it is still considered relatively rare although accounting for 20-35% of spontaneous pneumothoraces occurring in premenopausal women. It is the most frequent manifestation of thoracic endometriosis, which can also cause pneumothorax during the intermenstrual period (TER non-CP). <b>Areas covered</b>: In this article, we review and comment the clinical presentation, etiopathogenesis, diagnostic criteria, and therapeutic management of CP and TER non-CP. We particularly emphasize on the surgical optimal treatment and associated multidisciplinary care and follow-up. Electronic databases, mostly PubMed, were used for searching terms including 'catamenial pneumothorax' and 'thoracic endometriosis.' <b>Expert commentary</b>: Clinical presentation and imaging of CP and TER non-CP are often unspecific except for possible visualization of endometriosis foci or diaphragmatic lesions at computed tomography-scan or magnetic resonance imaging. Thus, we recommend careful interrogatory and intraoperative inspection for appropriate diagnosis and treatment of pneumothorax in women. Despite better awareness of surgical teams, CP and TER-non CP are still associated with high rates of postoperative recurrence (around 30%). We strongly advocate for a multidisciplinary management including early surgical and chemical pleurodesis, resection of all visible endometriosis-related lesions, hormonal blockade, and prolonged follow-up.

Topic: Endometriosis Research and Treatment
Subfield: Reproductive Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Analyzing Mechanisms of Business Fluctuations involving Time-Varying Structure in Japan: Methodological Proposition and Empirical Study

Abstract In this article, we present a comprehensive analysis of business cycles in Japan from 1975 to 2023, focusing on the mechanisms that underlie economic fluctuations. We develop a novel methodology to construct a comprehensive index of business cycles (CIBC) by integrating 30 indicators commonly used in business cycle analysis in Japan. Unlike traditional approaches, our method simultaneously incorporates all business cycle indicators with adjusted lags, which enhances its precision and scope. We decompose each indicator’s time series using an extended moving linear model, which ensures robustness amid abnormal fluctuations. We propose a two-lag time-varying loading factor model to analyze the lead-lag relationship between the CIBC and each variable using a distribution-free dynamic linear modeling method. In our analysis, we elucidate the complex interactions between key indicators and a common factor, which explains the dynamics of business fluctuations. We conducted a comprehensive empirical study using Japanese business cycle indicator data to demonstrate the performance of the proposed methodology. Despite its limitations, our study provides valuable insights that enable us to understand the mechanisms of business cycles in Japan from the perspective of empirical analysis. Our study lays the groundwork for future research in this area.

Topic: Complex Systems and Time Series Analysis
Subfield: Economics and Econometrics
Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance
Domain: Social Sciences
Phylogeography, origin and population structure of the self‐fertile emerging plant pathogen <i>Phytophthora pseudosyringae</i>

Abstract Phytophthora pseudosyringae is a self‐fertile pathogen of woody plants, particularly associated with tree species from the genera Fagus , Notholithocarpus , Nothofagus and Quercus , which is found across Europe and in parts of North America and Chile. It can behave as a soil pathogen infecting roots and the stem collar region, as well as an aerial pathogen infecting leaves, twigs and stem barks, causing particular damage in the United Kingdom and western North America. The population structure, migration and potential outcrossing of a worldwide collection of isolates were investigated using genotyping‐by‐sequencing. Coalescent‐based migration analysis revealed that the North American population originated from Europe. Historical gene flow has occurred between the continents in both directions to some extent, yet contemporary migration is overwhelmingly from Europe to North America. Two broad population clusters dominate the global population of the pathogen, with a subgroup derived from one of the main clusters found only in western North America. Index of association and network analyses indicate an influential level of outcrossing has occurred in this preferentially inbreeding, homothallic oomycete. Outcrossing between the two main population clusters has created distinct subgroups of admixed individuals that are, however, less common than the main population clusters. Differences in life history traits between the two main population clusters should be further investigated together with virulence and host range tests to evaluate the risk each population poses to natural environments worldwide.

Topic: Plant Pathogens and Resistance
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Supplementary Figure S10 from CD142 identifies neoplastic desmoid tumor cells, uncovering interactions between neoplastic and stromal cells that drive proliferation

&lt;p&gt;Densitometry of selected secreted proteome from mutant and non-mutant conditioned media&lt;/p&gt;

Topic: Soft tissue tumor case studies
Subfield: Rheumatology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Single‐sex schools and physics achievement: are girls really advantaged?

The assertion that girls and boys in single‐sex schools outperform their peers attending co‐educational schools was investigated in this study with particular reference to physics achievement. The relationship between the school, the home and the student's performance in physics was also explored tentatively using multilevel analysis. The average home background (called socio‐educational level in this study) was found to contribute towards student achievement to a greater extent when compared with such school effects as school type and the sex composition of the school. The importance of the use of the multilevel model in estimating microparameters such as sex differences, as well as macroparameters such as school type, is illustrated in this study by the significant influence of the school aggregate variable, socio‐educational level. This is a preliminary report describing some of the school and home effects influencing student performance using multilevel statistical methodology.

Topic: Education, Achievement, and Giftedness
Subfield: Experimental and Cognitive Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Supplementary Table 2 from Loss of E-Cadherin Promotes Metastasis via Multiple Downstream Transcriptional Pathways

Supplementary Table 2 from Loss of E-Cadherin Promotes Metastasis via Multiple Downstream Transcriptional Pathways

Topic: Wnt/β-catenin signaling in development and cancer
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Loss of Vision in Gaucher's Disease and Its Reversal by Enzyme-Replacement Therapy

To the Editor: We report on an unusual manifestation of Gaucher's disease that responded to enzyme-replacement therapy. A 42-year-old woman with known type 1 Gaucher's disease who was homozygous fo...

Topic: Lysosomal Storage Disorders Research
Subfield: Physiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Solar particle abundances at energies of greater than 1 MeV per nucleon and the role of interplanetary shocks

view Abstract Citations (56) References (20) Co-Reads Similar Papers Volume Content Graphics Metrics Export Citation NASA/ADS Solar Particle Abundances at Energies Greater than 1 MeV per Nucleon and the Role of Interplanetary Shocks Cane, H. V. ; Reames, D. V. ; von Rosenvinge, T. T. Abstract The abundances of elements in large solar energetic-particle events in the energy range of 2-12 MeV per nucleon are examined. It is confirmed that the abundances relative to mean values vary approximately monotonically as a function of mass, except for He-4; some events show a gradual depletion of heavy ions, whereas a small number displays a gradual increase. A further organization of abundance data is shown, which depends on the longitude of the source region. Enhancements in Fe/C and other heavy elements relative to C occur when source regions are near west 60 deg; the enhancements are attributed to the sampling of a flare-heated material. Depletions of these elements are found to be greatest for source regions near central meridian; they are matched by a steepening of the spectrum and can be understood in terms of diffusive shock acceleration. Publication: The Astrophysical Journal Pub Date: June 1991 DOI: 10.1086/170088 Bibcode: 1991ApJ...373..675C Keywords: Abundance; Interplanetary Medium; Particle Energy; Shock Waves; Solar Corpuscular Radiation; Carbon; Heavy Elements; Heavy Ions; Iron; Nuclear Fusion; Solar Flares; Solar Physics; INTERPLANETARY MEDIUM; SHOCK WAVES; SUN: PARTICLE EMISSION full text sources ADS |

Topic: Solar and Space Plasma Dynamics
Subfield: Astronomy and Astrophysics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Indulgence and Abundance as Asian Peasant Values: A Bengali Case in Point

The author questions the assumptions of an “Asian school of scarcity and risk,” of which James C. Scott is the principal exponent, using Bengali peasant history as a case in point. He argues that it is more likely that the subsistence traditions of Bengal derive from locally generated values of abundance and indulgence than from a universal “moral economy” and suggests that detailed accounts of subsistence traditions in other parts of Asia will confound attempts to prove that European experience is a reliable guide to Asian practices.

Topic: Social and Economic Development in India
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Éducation Relative À L’environnement En Milieu Scolaire Ivoirien : Réflexion Pour Un Regard Critique

Environmental education uses some means and methods in order to create an environmental consciousness to the population. However, one seems to ignore the different hindrances engendered by the lack of appropriate teaching materials. The weight and influence of society and culture are perceived as potential obstacles. Our work aims at drawing people’s attention on what can be regarded as essential in education in connection with the environment of Côte d’Ivoire such as school environment. In our work, we will focus on the content and the methods of the teachings of this specific domain. In so doing, we will have a glance on primary school boys and their teachers’ behaviors and attitudes. This will help us to see the relationship they establish between “Health and Environment”. The methodology will revolve around the analysis of the content of the teachings and on a qualitative and quantitative study. Primary school boys and their teachers is target population of the survey. At the end of our analysis, it appears that the content of teachings linked to environment is not so explicit. The teaching method is suffering from a lack of explicit didactic and pedagogic materials. From the viewpoint of learns and teachers, we note a paradox between their words and deeds concerning environment. Finally, the link the learners and their teachers establish between Health and Environment let us see some problems of health. We wonder if people are aware of the threats and the social representations of environment in school zone for a sustainable development of our society. This is what can be a logic outcome of work.

Topic: French Urban and Social Studies
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Early Modern Polish Parliamentarism (16th–18th C.): Directions of the Newest Research

Krakowskie Studia z Historii PaÅstwa i Prawa » Tom 11 (2018) » Zeszyt 1 » Early Modern Polish Parliamentarism (16th–18th C.): Directions of the Newest Research A A A

Topic: Historical and Cultural Studies of Poland
Subfield: History
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
CHARACTERIZATION OF RIBOSOMAL AGGREGATES ISOLATED FROM LIVER

Currently, no pharmacological therapies treat skeletal muscle insulin resistance in pathological conditions such as type 2 diabetes, age-associated diseases, and cancer. Therefore, there is an unmet need to identify the molecular mechanisms ...The molecular events governing skeletal muscle glucose uptake have pharmacological potential for managing insulin resistance in conditions such as obesity, diabetes, and cancer. With no current pharmacological treatments to target skeletal muscle insulin ...

Topic: Diet, Metabolism, and Disease
Subfield: Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Benzene exposure in refinery workers: ExxonMobil Joliet, Illinois, USA (1977-2006)

While petroleum industry studies have indicated low benzene exposure potential for refinery workers, most provide limited data for assessing job or task-related benzene exposures. This study characterizes job and task-specific airborne benzene concentrations and variability over time for the ExxonMobil refinery in Joliet, Illinois from 1977 to 2006. A database of 2289 industrial hygiene air samples, including 1145 non-task (≥180 min) personal samples and 480 task-related (&lt;180 min) personal samples, were analyzed. Samples were grouped by operational status, job, and task. Benzene concentrations were determined for each job category and task bin, with additional analyses conducted to determine whether benzene concentrations changed over time. The results indicate that the benzene concentrations for non-task and task samples were relatively low. For all non-task samples, the arithmetic mean benzene concentration was 0.12 part per million (ppm). The most frequently sampled workers (process technicians during routine operations) had an arithmetic mean benzene concentration of 0.038 ppm. The most frequently sampled task bin (blinding and breaking) had an arithmetic mean benzene concentration of 1.0 ppm. This study provides benzene air concentration data that can be used in combination with job histories to reconstruct historical benzene exposures for workers at the Joliet Refinery over the past 30 years.

Topic: Carcinogens and Genotoxicity Assessment
Subfield: Cancer Research
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Plant Cell Walls: Economic Significance

Abstract Plant cell walls are composed of polysaccharides and, in the case of higher plants, lignin. The economic significance of plant cell walls arises largely from three types of uses: (1) use of whole tissues or slightly processed tissues whose constituents are primarily cell‐wall components (wood and other plant fibres); (2) use of delignified and extracted tissues (pulp); (3) use of extracted, and in some cases chemically modified, water‐soluble cell‐wall polysaccharides (pectins, seaweed polysaccharides, hemicelluloses). Other substances that can be extracted from plant tissues are generally extraneous to the cell wall.

Topic: Polysaccharides and Plant Cell Walls
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences