jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Image_1_Combination of Auranofin and ICG-001 Suppress the Proliferation and Metastasis of Colon Cancer.jpeg

&lt;p&gt;Colon cancer is one of the deadliest tumors in the world, and with high metastasis rate and mortality, effective drugs for its treatment are still in need. Auranofin (AF) is a gold complex that has been attested by FDA for treating human rheumatism, and researchers have found that AF acts as a great antitumor drug in recent years. ICG-001 is a small molecule inhibitor of Wnt/β-catenin pathway. In the present study, we aimed to explore the synergistic antitumor effects and the underlying mechanisms of AF and ICG-001 combination therapy on human colon cancer. The results showed that AF and ICG-001 synergistically depressed the growth and invasion of human colon cancer cells by inhibiting the phosphorylation of Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3 (STAT3) and its downstream mediator B-cell lymphoma-2-like 1 (Bcl-xL) and inducing caspase-3-dependent apoptosis. Moreover, AF combined with ICG-001 synergistically inhibited the growth of colon cancer in subcutaneous xenograft mice models and restrained metastasis in lung metastasis mice models. In conclusion, our results demonstrated that combination of AF and ICG-001 suppressed the proliferation and metastasis of colon cancer by inhibiting STAT3 phosphorylation. Therefore, this combination therapy may possess potential therapeutic properties for human colon cancer.&lt;/p&gt;

Topic: 14-3-3 protein interactions
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Acute Neuroendocrine Response to Sexual Stimulation in Sexual Offenders

Background: Several pharmacotherapeutic approaches have confirmed the influence of neuroendocrine parameters on sexual desire, function, and fantasies in men; however, the relevance of acute neuroendocrine changes in mediating heightened sexual drive remains unknown. We recently demonstrated that plasma prolactin substantially increases following orgasm in healthy men, suggesting a feedback mechanism for peripheral prolactin in the control of acute sexual arousal. Because prolactin appears to play a regulatory role in acute sexual drive, we initiated this study to see whether sexual offenders with a high sexual drive have a different neuroendocrine response to sexual arousal. This study compares the prolactin response to orgasm of sexual offenders with high sexual drive and that of healthy subjects with average sexual drive. Methods: From a subject pool of 150 inpatients held because of sexual crimes, we recruited 10 volunteers, based on their high sexual drive according to an intensive, semistructured clinical interview. We defined sexual drive by a short refractory period and strong sexualization, or a high frequency of sexual stimulation. We analyzed the acute psychoneuroendocrine response to sexual arousal and orgasm continuously before, during, and after masturbation-induced orgasm in patients and control subjects. Results: Sexual offenders demonstrated higher sexual desire ( P &lt; 0.001) and function ( P &lt; 0.001) and a more positively perceived refractory period ( P &lt; 0.05). Both groups displayed a prolonged, significant increase in prolactin plasma levels after orgasm ( P &lt; 0.001). Sexual offenders did not differ from control subjects in neuroendocrine response to sexual arousal and orgasm. Conclusions: These data demonstrate that sexual offenders with a high sexual drive do not differ from control subjects in the postorgasmic neuroendocrine response, particularly in prolactin release. This study confirms that factors other than peripheral hormones influence deviant sexual behaviour.

Topic: Sexual function and dysfunction studies
Subfield: Psychiatry and Mental health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Newtonian reference materials with v &lt; 1 mm2/s and their application in extending the range of capillary viscometers

Several newtonian liquids with kinematic viscosities below about 1 mm2/s are investigated in order to find out if the commonly used purity specifications are sufficient to qualify the liquids as viscosity standards which can be used to determine the kinetic energy correction of glas capillary viscometers.

Topic: Rheology and Fluid Dynamics Studies
Subfield: Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes
Field: Chemical Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Correcting the mathematical structure of a hydrological model via Bayesian data assimilation

The goal of model identification is to improve our understanding of the structure and behavior of a system so the model can be used to make inferences about its input‐state‐output response. It is conventional to preselect some model form and evaluate its “suitability” against historical data. If deemed unsuitable, ways must be found to “correct” the model through some intuitive process. Here, we discuss a Bayesian data assimilation process by which historical observations can be used to diagnose what might be wrong with the presumed mathematical structure of the model and to provide guidance toward fixing the problem. In previous work we showed how, given a suitable conceptual model for the system, the Bayesian estimation of structure (BESt) method can estimate the stochastic form for structural equations of a model that are consistent with historical observations at the spatiotemporal scale of the data while explicitly estimating model structural contributions to prediction uncertainty. However, a prior assumption regarding the form of the equations (an existing model) is often available. Here, we extend BESt to show how the mathematical form of the prior model equations can be corrected/improved to be more consistent with available data while remaining consistent with the presumed physics of the system. Conditions under which convergence will occur are stated. The potential of the extended BESt approach is demonstrated in the context of basin‐scale hydrological modeling by correcting the equations of the HyMod model applied to the Leaf River catchment and thereby improving its representation of system input‐state‐output response.

Topic: Hydrology and Watershed Management Studies
Subfield: Water Science and Technology
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
A new approach to auditory depth perception

Acoustic depth judgment studies have generally used static position sources, and asked subjects to estimate the distance of one source only, or one source relative to a second. Here, blindfolded subjects were asked to “align” a moveable medial sagittal plane comparison source with a static 1.O-kHz standard, 3 m away from them. The comparison source's starting position could be at 0 (position of standard), ± 100 or ± 200 cm away and was either a 0.7- or 1.3-kHz narrow-banded tone. The two sources alternated in 3-s bursts till the Sindicated “alignment” was achieved. Half the subjects received the 1.0 and 0.7 kHz pairing first then the 1.0 and 1.3 kHz pairing and vice versa. Three trials were given for each pairing from each starting position. The mean error scores (i.e., mean differences between “true” and estimated source position) were analyzed. The results indicate that observers overestimate the distance of the standard when initial position of the comparison is close to them, and underestimate it when the comparison starts from beyond the “0.” Comparison frequencies performances did not differ. The results partially confirm Mershon and Bowers [Percept. 8, 311–322 (1975)] using a more standard depth perception paradigm.

Topic: Hearing Loss and Rehabilitation
Subfield: Cognitive Neuroscience
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences
Reactivity and Kinetics of Vinyl Sulfone-Functionalized Self-Assembled Monolayers for Bioactive Ligand Immobilization

A new vinyl sulfone (VS) disulfide, 1,2-bis(11-(vinyl sulfonyl)undecyl)disulfane, was synthesized to enable the preparation of VS-presenting self-assembled monolayers (VS SAMs) on Au substrates. The VS SAMs were used as a model system to assess the reaction kinetics of bioactive ligands, i.e., glutathione (GSH), N-(5-amino-1-carboxypentyl)iminodiacetic acid (ab-NTA), and mannose, toward the VS groups on the SAM surface. The VS SAMs and the ligand immobilization were characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), contact angle goniometry, and protein-binding experiments using a quartz crystal microbalance (QCM). Kinetic studies showed that the surface VS groups undergo pseudo-first-order reactions with various ligands, with the observed rate constant being 0.057 min(-1) for GSH at pH 7.5, 0.011 min(-1) for ab-NTA at pH 8.5, and 0.009 min(-1) for mannose at pH 10.5. This work advanced our understanding of the reactivity of VS-bearing functional surfaces and further demonstrated the versatile potential of VS chemistry to prepare ligand-immobilized bioactive surfaces.

Topic: Molecular Junctions and Nanostructures
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
OUTLINING SOCIAL JUSTICE FROM AN ISLAMIC PERSPECTIVE: AN EXPLORATION

Ever since men began living in society, thinkers and philosophers aimed at defining the goal of human beings to attain in order to lead a good life. An individual, according to Plato, is insufficient by himself. Such insufficiency can be overcome only when he joins with others to meet mutual needs. Society is thus a relationship of mutual co‐operation and exchange (Aristotle, Al‐Farabi). In this relationship, everybody expects that ‘justice’ should be done to ensure one's due. Therefore, justice is the supreme value of the society. A societal condition is said to be just or a good or happy one, where everybody is ensured of his due. On the other hand, an unjust or unhappy society is that where a sense of injustice or ‘feeling of deprivation’ exists. Thus justice is a guarantee for happiness and injustice becomes the cause of unhappiness. Justice and happiness are, therefore, inextricably interwoven. Good life or happiness, the universal quest of mankind, can only be achieved, said Aristotle, in a society that is based on justice.

Topic: Education and Islamic Studies
Subfield: Education
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Impact of Sustainable Intensification of Coconuts Toward Women Farmer’s Empowerment in Sarmi Papua

This study analyzes the impact of sustainable intensification of coconut plants on the empowerment of women farmers in Sarmi, Papua, by integrating SDG 5 indicators with SDG 1, SDG 2, SDG 8, and addressing the challenges of achieving SDG 10 and SDG 15 in the context of sustainable agricultural intensification. Using a qualitative approach and the Sustainable Intensification Assessment Framework (SIAF), this research evaluates the gender-specific impacts through an in-depth analysis of relevant domains. Data were collected through purposive sampling and in-depth interviews with coconut farmers, local government officials, and women activists in Papua. The findings indicate that improved knowledge and skills in coconut oil production have shifted women's roles from domestic to productive, enhancing their confidence and participation in decision-making processes. Challenges include price instability, land inheritance biases, livelihood diversification, and financing constraints. The study highlights direct linkages between women's empowerment and SDGs 1, 2, 5, 8, 10, and 15 in efforts to eradicate poverty, ensure food security, achieve gender equality, and promote decent work. Managerial implications include integrating gender mainstreaming in sustainable agriculture initiatives, enhancing monitoring systems, and adopting eco-friendly intensification practices. Four key areas for program sustainability are knowledge enhancement, mechanization, financing, and market access. These findings provide insights into advancing gender equality and women farmers' participation in rural agricultural development.

Topic: Agricultural Innovations and Practices
Subfield: General Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Oriented fragmentation of Escherichia coli sacculi by sonication

Isolated murein sacculi of Escherichia coli PA3092 were physically ruptured by sonication. Electron microscopical analysis showed that the rupturing occurred preferentially prependicular to the long axis of the cell. The fragmentation of the sacculi increased with longer sonication times. It was found that the extent of cross-linkage was more affected by the sonication than was the average glycan chain length. These data confirm earlier observations and indicate that the glycan chains run predominantly perpendicular to the long axis of the cell. By contrast, the peptide cross-links are more dispersely oriented.

Topic: Bacterial Genetics and Biotechnology
Subfield: Genetics
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Kinetic studies on acid- and base-catalyzed aquation of bis-alaninatochromium(III) and on oxidation of tris- and bis-Aa–chromium(III) complexes (Aa = Gly, Ala, Asn) by H2O2

Two aqua derivatives of [Cr(Ala)3] were characterized in solution. Acid-catalyzed aquation of cis-[Cr(Ala)2(H2O)2]+ leads to inert [Cr(Ala)(H2O)4]2+, whereas base hydrolysis of cis-Cr(Ala)2(OH)2]− causes dissociation of both the Ala ligands and formation of chromates(III). Kinetics of these processes have been studied spectrophotometrically in both 0.1–1.0 M HClO4 and 0.2–0.9 M NaOH under first-order conditions. A linear dependence of the k obs,H on [H+] and a small dependence of the (k obs)OH on [OH−] were established. In the proposed mechanism, the rate determining step is Cr–N bond breaking in the reactive form of the substrate, i.e., in the protonated aqua- or dihydroxo complex. The effect of pH on the complex reactivity is discussed. The kinetic results are compared with those determined previously for analogous glycine and asparagine complexes. Additionally, oxidation of tris- and bis-Aa–chromium(III) complexes, where Aa = Gly, Ala or Asn, by hydrogen peroxide in alkaline medium was studied. Two reaction products were detected: thermodynamically stable CrO4 2− and [Cr(O2)4]3− that under a large excess of hydrogen peroxide is metastable. The rate-limiting stage of this process is an inner sphere two-electron transfer within the peroxido intermediate.

Topic: Chromium effects and bioremediation
Subfield: Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Illustrative Electrocardiography.

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Pediatrics HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Pediatrics journal

Topic: Cardiovascular Syncope and Autonomic Disorders
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Application of LW7 marker for identification of progenies with male sterility gene in sweet sorghum population

The objectives of this study were to verify the use of LW7 marker in identifying maintainer lines (B-lines) and restorer lines (R-lines) in grain sorghum and sweet sorghum, and to identify B-lines in the F2, BC1F2 and BC2F2 generations. Twenty five accessions of sorghum were evaluated, and LW7 marker correctly identified accessions which presented male sterility gene (rf4) in Suphan Buri1 and 03B cultivars; moreover, these genotypes did not show 779 bp band. The cross between Suphan Buri1 and a male-sterile line (A-line) 03A resulted in a sterilized male, confirming the usefulness of the marker in breeding programs. B-lines in the F2, BC1F2 and BC2F2 generations were identified by LW7 marker. The segregation ratio of 3:1 for male fertility and male sterility in the progenies of the three generations supported the one-gene model of Mendelian segregation. The use of marker assisted selection was successful for line development of sweet sorghum with male sterility.

Topic: Bioenergy crop production and management
Subfield: Agronomy and Crop Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Pengembagan Kapasitas Kelompok Tani Hortikultura di Dusun Telaga Kodok Kecamatan Leihitu Kabupaten Maluku Tengah

This study aims to determine the capacity level of horticultural farmer groups in talaga kodok hamlet, Leihitu district, Central Maluku regency and for what factors are related to the capacity level of horticultural farmer groups in talaga kodok hamlet, Leihitu district, Central Maluku regency. This research will be conducted at the Horticultural Farmer Group of Telaga Kodok Hamlet, Leihitu District, Central Maluku Regency for 1 month, from October 2022 – November 2022. The data collected by observation and interviews were then analyzed with qualitative descriptive analysis. The farmer group in telaga kodok hamlet consists of ten registered farmer groups but eight active farmer groups, some of which changed group names and changed groups, because the existence of farmer groups is only a formality to make it easier to get help from the government and other parties. The capacity level of farmer groups in telaga toad hamlet based on routine activities and task distribution obtained an average score of 2.60 with high categories, adequate facilitation obtained an average score of 1.33 with low categories, farming experience obtained an average score of 2.30 with high categories, group norms and rules obtained an average score of 2.16 with high categories and group achievements obtained an average score of 1.23 with high categories. Factors that affect the level of capacity of farmer groups in telaga kodok hamlet, there are 2 factors, namely internal factors and external factors, internal factors obtained an average score of 2.90 with high categories and external factors obtained an average score of 1.31 with low categories.

Topic: Agricultural Development and Management
Subfield: General Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Abstract 17224: Macrophage Expressed CD36 Promotes Plaque Vulnerability in Atherosclerosis

Introduction: Atherosclerosis is characterised by a chronic lipid-driven inflammation that accounts for the majority of deaths worldwide. CD36 is an immunoregulatory scavenger receptor at the interface of lipid metabolism and inflammation that is critically involved in atherogenesis. However, due to the lack of cell-specific animal models the exact role of CD36 on macrophages in atherosclerosis remains unknown to date. Research Question: Here, we aimed to study the role of macrophage expressed CD36 in atherogenesis. Methods: To screen for a potential role of macrophage expressed CD36 in atherosclerosis we assessed CD36 gene expression across different leukocyte populations in scRNAseq data from atherosclerotic LDLR-/- mice. To evaluate the role of macrophage expressed CD36 in atherogenesis, we generated tamoxifen inducible macrophage (CX3CR1)-specific CD36-deficient mice on a LDLR-/- background. To interrogate a potential role of CD36 in human atherosclerosis, human atherosclerotic plaques were studied by scRNAseq. Results: Analysis of murine scRNAseq data identified macrophages as the main CD36 expressing cell type. In line, CD36 protein expression in aortic cell suspensions from LDLR-/- mice was significantly higher in macrophages compared to B and T cells as assessed by flow cytometry. Notably, macrophage-specific CD36 deficiency substantially reduced lesional necrotic core area after 16 weeks of high cholesterol diet feeding indicating ameliorated plaque vulnerability. In vitro, macrophage-specific CD36 deficiency reduced ROS production and oxLDL uptake. Similar to our observations in mice, cellular CD36 expression was highest in human macrophages/monocytes. Pathway analysis revealed that CD36-expressing macrophages exhibited a more pro-inflammatory gene signature than CD36-negative macrophages. Finally, unstable carotid plaques displayed a significantly higher CD36 expression compared to stable lesions. Conclusion: All in all, our data indicates a pro-inflammatory role of macrophage expressed CD36 in murine and human atherosclerosis. These findings suggest that targeting CD36 on macrophages may represent a potential target for anti-atherosclerotic therapy.

Topic: Atherosclerosis and Cardiovascular Diseases
Subfield: Immunology
Field: Immunology and Microbiology
Domain: Life Sciences
Protective Effect of Ethanol Extract of Annona Muricata Leaves on Hematological Profile, Histology and Oxidative Stress in 1,2-Dimethylhydrazine-induced Colorectal Carcinogenesis in Rats

Cancer starts when cells in the body start to grow out of control (malignant growth). Colorectal cancer starts in the colon or the rectum. Annona Muricata is a medicinal plant and is considered as a basis for health preservation and care worldwide. Colorectal cancer has reached epidemic proportions and is considered as a serious health problem, therefore treatment and cure of this disease is of great clinical importance. 1,2 dimethylhydrazine (DMH) is a potent carcinogen for colon cancer in rats. In this study, rats were randomly allocated into six groups: control, extract alone, DMH, extract and DMH together, extract before DMH, DMH before extract. DMH was injected subcutaneously at 25mg/1000g body weight once a week for 16 weeks, while the ethanol extract of Annona muricata leaves (EEAML) were administered to rats orally at 120mg/1000g. After sacrifice, colon and liver sections were dissected out for histological and some biochemical analysis. Blood was also collected in EDTA bottles for hematological assays. The group injected with DMH (subcutaneously) and orally administered leaves extract of A. Muricata simultaneously showed similar results with the rats fed with normal feed, as there was absence of polyps in the rats’ colon when compared with those injected with DMH alone for 16 weeks. Malondialdehyde level of rats injected with DMH were significantly increased (p ˂ 0.05) compared to the control. Hematology indices and caspase 3 activity show the protective effects of EEAML against DMH.&#x0D;

Topic: Traditional and Medicinal Uses of Annonaceae
Subfield: Biochemistry
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences