jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
“Nobody cares about you as a group of people”: a mixed methods study of women living in congregate social housing in Ontario, Canada

Guided by the social model of disability, we carried out this exploratory study to understand the health and psychosocial needs of women living in social housing in Ontario, Canada. Using a sequential, mixed-methods design, we interviewed 19 women using a 126-item quantitative interview including six standardized measures exploring indicators of psychosocial well-being. From these findings, we designed a qualitative interview protocol and returned to participants. We calculated descriptive statistics for quantitative variables and analyzed qualitative data using thematic analysis. Participants reported a median of six unmet basic psychosocial needs (range 1–16; IQR = 6), a high prevalence of health conditions and associated disability with scores falling above the 80th percentile on all subtests of a disability measure. Qualitative findings revealed that participants were living in an environment that made it challenging to meet their basic needs and felt abandoned by community supports. A persistent lack of safety led to self-isolation, which negatively influenced mental well-being. Social housing is aimed at alleviating poverty and its associated harms, yet women face multiple barriers to meeting their basic needs through existing supports and continue to experience poverty. Social housing can be disabling environments for women living in poverty.

Topic: Homelessness and Social Issues
Subfield: General Health Professions
Field: Health Professions
Domain: Health Sciences
Using Write Mask to Support Hybrid Write-Back and Write-Through Cache Policy on Many-Core Architectures

Write-back cache policy can greatly save bandwidth consumption for write operations.It′s particularly beneficial in many-core architecture.Normally CMP uses write-invalid or write-update cache protocol like directory based MESI which is hardly scalable and too complex.Alternatively the authors implemented scope consistency(and lock-based cache coherence protocol) on chip,add write-mask for each cacheline of L1 Dcache to record the written byte′s location and solve the false sharing problem.To further optimize the write-mask storage overhead,two methods are proposed.First the authors set store instructions with 1/2/3 bytes write-through property and let every 4-byte data has 1 bit write-mask.This method can compress the chip area of write-mask to 27.9% of origin byte-grain design.Secondly they design write mask buffer whose entry counts 12.5% of total number of Dcache blocks and compress the area overhead to 17.7% of origin without performance lost.On Godson-T 64-core platform which uses scope consistency,they use write-mask to implement hybrid WB/WT cache policy(in the scope range with possible data race we implement write-through,but out of the scope range without data race they choose write-back).Three splash2 programs and two biological programs are evaluate.The results show that performance improvement is above 24% compared to completely write-through and no performance lost under the two storage optimizations.

Topic: Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques
Subfield: Hardware and Architecture
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Study of stereospecificity in mushroom tyrosinase

This paper reports experiments on the stereospecificity observed in the monophenolase and diphenolase activities of mushroom tyrosinase. Several enantiomorphs of monophenols and o-diphenols were assayed: l-tyrosine, d,l-tyrosine, d-tyrosine; l-α-methyltyrosine, d,l-α-methyltyrosine; l-dopa, d,l-dopa, d-dopa; l-α-methyldopa, d,l-α-methyldopa; l-isoprenaline, d,l-isoprenaline and d-isoprenaline. The Vmax values obtained for each series were the same. The electronic densities on the carbon atoms in the meta(C-3) and the para(C-4) positions of the benzene ring were determined by NMR assays. This value is related to the nucleophilic power of the oxygen atom belonging to the hydroxy group, which could explain the Vmax values experimentally obtained for the monophenolase and diphenolase activities of mushroom tyrosinase. The spatial orientation of the ring substituents led to lower Km values for l-isomers than for d-isomers. However, the Vmax values were the same for each series of isomers because spatial orientation did not affect the NMR value of C-4. Therefore mushroom tyrosinase showed stereospecificity in its affinity towards its substrates (Km) but not in the transformation reaction rate (Vmax) of these substrates.

Topic: melanin and skin pigmentation
Subfield: Cell Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
GARLAQs vs. Multiple Choice Questions: Do First‐Year Medical Students Perform Similarly on their Anatomy Examinations?

PURPOSE Medical students at the Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine are assessed on their knowledge of anatomy using an essay exam that tests clinically relevant anatomy/radiology concepts (Gross Anatomy, Radiology, and Living Anatomy Questions, or GARLAQ). GARLAQs are uniquely designed to facilitate student collaboration, as such these essay questions are given to students months prior to examination. This format has raised concerns about student memorization and a lack of in‐depth understanding of GARLAQ answers. The purpose of the present study is threefold: 1) to examine whether students perform similarly on GARLAQs and Multiple Choice Question (MCQ) examinations, 2) to assess whether students perform similarly to the GARLAQs on MCQs throughout the hierarchy of Bloom’s Taxonomy, 3) to collect qualitative data on student opinions of both assessment formats. METHODS First‐year medical students will be assessed during the gastrointestinal unit of their clinical anatomy curriculum. Volunteers will be recruited from a class of 184 students. A crossover study design will be employed, wherein participants will be randomly placed into one of two cohorts: 1) first complete the required GARLAQ exam, second the MCQ exam, or 2) first complete the MCQ exam, second the required GARLAQ exam. A paired t‐test will determine if there is a difference in overall examination performance for each respective student. Each MCQ will be categorized using Bloom’s Taxonomy. A paired t‐test will compare each student’s mean scores by Bloom’s category to their GARLAQ performance. Participants will also complete a post‐test survey in which they will be asked to rate their opinions about contrasting exam modalities on a 5‐point Likert scale. RESULTS Data collection is currently ongoing and will be completed in February, 2022 CONCLUSION Information gained through review of student assessment scores and responses can guide future curricular changes at our institution in a cycle of continuous improvement.

Topic: Innovations in Medical Education
Subfield: Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Weak solutions for forward--backward SDEs--a martingale problem approach

In this paper, we propose a new notion of Forward--Backward Martingale Problem (FBMP), and study its relationship with the weak solution to the forward--backward stochastic differential equations (FBSDEs). The FBMP extends the idea of the well-known (forward) martingale problem of Stroock and Varadhan, but it is structured specifically to fit the nature of an FBSDE. We first prove a general sufficient condition for the existence of the solution to the FBMP. In the Markovian case with uniformly continuous coefficients, we show that the weak solution to the FBSDE (or equivalently, the solution to the FBMP) does exist. Moreover, we prove that the uniqueness of the FBMP (whence the uniqueness of the weak solution) is determined by the uniqueness of the viscosity solution of the corresponding quasilinear PDE.

Topic: Stochastic processes and financial applications
Subfield: Finance
Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance
Domain: Social Sciences
Home, Exile, and Unease in Brian Friel’s Globalized Drama since 1990: <i>Molly Sweeney, The Home Place</i>, and <i>Hedda Gabler (after Ibsen)</i>

ABSTRACT: The Irish playwright Brian Friel has often explored the same dynamic and unique event of place as phenomenologist Edward Casey explored in his writings. In Molly Sweeney (1994), Friel shows how this supposedly “disabled” woman gains agency through creating conversations between the living and the dead and thus populating her mind with a rich community. In The Home Place (2005), Friel elegizes the dislocated landlord Christopher Gore and suggests that Margaret and the local singers are briefly liberated from their poverty while singing Thomas Moore’s music. In his Hedda Gabler (after Ibsen) (2008), Friel affirms the imagination through the emplaced collaboration between Thea Elvsted and George Tesman, a collaboration that will help them recreate Eilert Loevborg’s manuscript (even as Hedda kills herself, representing the death-dance of frenetic modernity). In these plays written during Ireland’s rapid globalization, Friel privileges dynamic, often heterogeneous communities that transcend time, space, and gender through the imagination.

Topic: Irish and British Studies
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Scholarship in the Chemical Sciences and Engineering

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVEditorialNEXTScholarship in the Chemical Sciences and EngineeringJohn W. Moore View Author Information Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706Cite this: J. Chem. Educ. 2000, 77, 11, 1383Publication Date (Web):November 1, 2000Publication History Received3 August 2009Published online1 November 2000Published inissue 1 November 2000https://doi.org/10.1021/ed077p1383RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views331Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (56 KB) Get e-AlertsSUBJECTS:Chemical engineering and industrial chemistry Get e-Alerts

Topic: Academic Writing and Publishing
Subfield: History and Philosophy of Science
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Physico Chemical Properties and Antioxidant Activity of Roselle Seed Extracts

The aim of this research was to extract phenolic compounds from defatted Roselle (<em>Hibiscus sabdariffa</em> L.) seed and assess their antioxidant potential. Water, ethanol (30%), methanol (30%) and acetone (30%) were used as solvent for extraction. The proximate composition, total phenolic content and extraction yield were analyzed. Antioxidant efficacies of Roselle seed extract were tested by using 1, 1-Diphenyl-2-Picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), hydroxyl, 2, 2'-azinobis-3-ethylbenzothiaz oline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) radicals scavenging capacities and reducing power analysis. Roselle seeds were found to be rich in protein (27.745%), carbohydrates (40.45%) and oil (20.83%). The total phenolic content ranged from 1.66±0.03 to 1.99±0.01 (GAE) mg/g using water and 30% acetone respectively. The highest inhibitory capacity on DPPH and ABTS radicals was observed in 30% acetone extract and was at 3 mg/mL for DPPH and 6 mg/mL for ABTS respectively. Ethanol extract showed the highest hydroxyl radical scavenging ability value of 66.36 at 20 mg/mL, followed by methanol (57.27), acetone (56.36) and water (30). The reducing potential of the different extracts was concentration dependent and increased with increase in concentration. These results indicate that substantial antioxidant activity can be obtained from Roselle seed phenolic compounds extract by using 30% acetone.

Topic: Hibiscus Plant Research Studies
Subfield: Pharmacology
Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics
Domain: Life Sciences
A small region of the mouse mammary tumor virus long terminal repeat confers glucocorticoid hormone regulation on a linked heterologous gene.

Expression of mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV) proviruses is transcriptionally regulated by glucocorticoid hormones. We have linked the MMTV long terminal repeat (LTR) to the coding region of the herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase gene and used this construction to characterize sequences within the LTR that are involved in glucocorticoid regulation. Our results show that 290 base pairs (bp) of the MMTV LTR, including 190 bp upstream from the start site for transcription, are sufficient to confer regulation on the downstream gene. Deletion of an additional 50 bp, leaving sequences from position -140 to +100, eliminates the response. However, the constitutive level of expression is maintained even after deletion of sequences upstream from position -80, indicating that sequences required for the hormone response can be distinguished from those required for basal expression. We also have shown, by making a 4-bp insertion or a 20-bp deletion around position -107, that the distance between the putative signal for hormone response and the start site of transcription can be varied without affecting regulation. Furthermore, replacement of MMTV sequences from position -59 to +100 with analogous sequences from the Rous sarcoma virus LTR does not change the regulation.

Topic: Virus-based gene therapy research
Subfield: Genetics
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
<i>Forgiveness and the Modern Constitution: Derrida’s</i> Perjury &amp; Pardon

Abstract The recently published two volumes of Derrida’s Perjury &amp; Pardon seminars are interesting from a legal perspective, among others, because of Derrida’s comments there on the preamble and certain sections of the South African Constitution. The present article enquires specifically into the implications of Derrida’s analysis in the Perjury &amp; Pardon seminars for constitutional interpretation, more specifically, by seeking answers to the question what it means to confess or to seek forgiveness for past crimes, as well as to refer to God in a constitution. With reference to Derrida’s seminars, it is contended that such a confession or request for forgiveness should be read as not only relating to determined crimes, but also to the unforgiveable crime of being-there, for existence. It is further contended that the reference to God in a constitution is to be read as pointing to what Derrida refers to as ‘the impossible’, that is, to impossible grace, unconditional forgiveness. In conclusion, it is contended that the modern constitution per definition includes such a confession or request for forgiveness, as well as a trace of the impossible, the latter which provides an indication of the scope of state responsibility.

Topic: Legal Issues in South Africa
Subfield: Law
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Quantitation of <sup>99m</sup>Tc-DPD uptake in patients with transthyretin-related cardiac amyloidosis

<b>Purpose:</b> Transthyretin (ATTR) amyloidosis is a rare but serious infiltrative disease associated with a wide spectrum of morphologic and functional cardiac involvement. <sup>99m</sup>Tc-labelled 3,3-diphosphono-1,2-propanodicarboxylic acid (DPD), initially developed as a bone-seeking radiotracer, is remarkably sensitive for imaging cardiac ATTR amyloid deposits. Our aim was to investigate the feasibility and utility of estimating <sup>99m</sup>Tc-DPD uptake in myocardial tissue; this has the potential to yield reliable quantitative information on cardiac amyloid burden, which is urgently required to monitor disease progression and response to novel treatments. <b>Methods:</b> Three methods of quantitation were developed and tested on 74 patients with proven cardiac ATTR amyloidosis who had recently undergone <sup>99m</sup>Tc-DPD planar whole-body imaging and SPECT-CT. Quantitative results were compared to measurements of extracellular volume fraction (ECV) by cardiac magnetic resonance imaging, a validated technique for measuring amyloid burden. <b>Results:</b> An experienced clinician graded uptake using a widely-used visual scoring system as 1 (<i>n</i> = 15), 2 (<i>n</i> = 39) or 3 (<i>n</i> = 20). Linear correlations between the SPECT and ECV data (<i>p</i> 99mTc-DPD uptake in the heart was significantly greater in patients with grade-3 uptake than in those with grade-2 uptake. <b>Conclusions:</b> Quantitation of <sup>99m</sup>Tc-DPD uptake in cardiac transthyretin amyloid deposits is complex and is hindered by competition for radiotracer with amyloid in skeletal muscle. The latter underlies differences in uptake between grade-2 and grade-3 patients, not cardiac uptake.

Topic: Amyloidosis: Diagnosis, Treatment, Outcomes
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Energy Savings in Metropolitan Railway Substations Through Regenerative Energy Recovery and Optimal Design of ATO Speed Profiles

Traffic operation has a significant impact on energy consumption in metro lines and thus it is important to analyze strategies to minimize it. In lines equipped with Automatic Train Operation systems (ATO), traffic regulation system selects one ATO speed profile on line among a preprogrammed set of optimized speed profiles. Previous works only minimize the energy demanded by the train in pantograph without considering energy savings measured at substations due to regenerative energy in detail. The main objective of this work is to design optimal ATO speed profiles of metro trains taking into account the energy recovered from regenerative brake in order to minimize the net energy at substations. A model of a train with an on-board energy storage device as well as a network model for estimating the energy recovered by the train is presented. Different scenarios are analyzed to assess the achievable energy savings due to possible investments such as installing power inverters or storage devices and energy savings due to the optimal design of ATO speed profiles are estimated. A real line of the Madrid Underground has been considered obtaining comparative results to facilitate an evaluation of the most advantageous scenario and possible investment. A future application would be the optimal design of driving for the newest train signaling system communications-based train control (CBTC). The CBTC improves train operation and control, due to continuous communication with each train. However, its features have not been taken full advantage yet to reduce the energy consumption. The proposed method could be applied to design and execute in real time the most energy-efficient driving according to the traffic and electrical situation of the line.

Topic: Railway Systems and Energy Efficiency
Subfield: Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Selection of Activities to be Crashed for Mitigating Construction Delays

Mitigating the effects of delays by speeding up (crashing) the remaining activities is a very common practice in construction especially, when such delays are instigated by contractors themselves. When identifying a suitable activity for crashing, managers and planners might consider the cost-effectiveness, safety, quality, resource implication, and impacts on other components in the project schedule. In practice, many managers and planners would often base their decisions on personal judgment and experience. Surveys were carried out in Hong Kong to capture this experiential knowledge of decisionmakers on the selection of 'crashing activities' (activities to be crashed). The first survey aimed to identify the factors pertinent to the selection of 'crashing activities', and a list of 23 selection factors were then compiled to drive the second survey which focused on establishing the importance of those selection factors for delays mitigation. The results indicate that 'safety', 'chances of success', 'resources availability', and 'time for implementation' are the most influential factors when selecting construction activities for crashing. Surprisingly, 'cost' was regarded as one of the least important factors by clients and contractors in this study.

Topic: Occupational Health and Safety Research
Subfield: Radiological and Ultrasound Technology
Field: Health Professions
Domain: Health Sciences
The effects of ultraviolet disinfection on vancomycin-resistant <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i>

Ultraviolet disinfection could effectively inactivate the antibiotic resistant bacterium vancomycin resistant <italic>Enterococcus faecalis</italic>, but had a limited removal efficiency for the antibiotic resistance gene–<italic>van</italic>B gene.

Topic: Antimicrobial Resistance in Staphylococcus
Subfield: Infectious Diseases
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Bayesian estimators of the Gamma distribution

In this paper we introduce two Bayesian estimators for learning the parameters of the Gamma distribution. The first algorithm uses a well known unnormalized conjugate prior for the Gamma shape and the second one uses a non-linear approximation to the likelihood and a prior on the shape that is conjugate to the approximated likelihood. In both cases use the Laplace approximation to compute the required expectations. We perform a theoretical comparison between maximum like- lihood and the presented Bayesian algorithms that allow us to provide non-informative parameter values for the priors hyper parameters. We also provide a numerical comparison using synthetic data. The introduction of these novel Bayesian estimators open the possibility of including Gamma distributions into more complex Bayesian structures, e.g. variational Bayesian mixture models.

Topic: Bayesian Methods and Mixture Models
Subfield: Artificial Intelligence
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Supplemental Figure 2 from Dendritic Cell Vaccination Enhances Immune Responses and Induces Regression of HER2&lt;sup&gt;pos&lt;/sup&gt; DCIS Independent of Route: Results of Randomized Selection Design Trial

&lt;p&gt;Supplemental Figure 2: Individual CD4&lt;sup&gt;pos&lt;/sup&gt; Th1 immune responses in the peripheral blood by vaccination route (Panel A: intralesional (IL), Panel B: intranodal (IN), Panel C: intralesional and intranodal (ILN)).&lt;/p&gt;

Topic: Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
Subfield: Immunology
Field: Immunology and Microbiology
Domain: Life Sciences