jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
FINANCIAL POLICY IN THE BELARUSIAN INSTITUTIONAL SYSTEM

The article substantiates the essence and objectives of financial policy based on the neoinstitutional methodology. It is proved the expediency of inclusion of stimulation of economic development as the additional purpose of financial policy on condition of observance of the basic commodity-monetary proportions. It is proposed to reorient banking activities from redistribution of created in the production value added, using credit interest rate, to participation in real economic processes. Recommendations are given to clarify the functions of Central banks for better align the interests of the main social macro groups.

Topic: Russia and Soviet political economy
Subfield: Political Science and International Relations
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
ZDCF: An Improved DCF Solution of IEEE 802.11

This paper first described the IEEE 802.11 MAC layer access control mechanism, that is, the DCF access control mechanism, analysis the basic DCF back-off algorithm BEB. Next, we study a variety of improved BEB algorithms, and then we proposed ZDCF back-off algorithm which is an exponential-based half back-off algorithm. ZDCF is flexible, easy to implement and has excellent performance as BEB algorithms when there is small scale of nodes, while at same time avoiding the shortcomings of BEB algorithm when there is large scale of nodes.

Topic: Wireless Networks and Protocols
Subfield: Computer Networks and Communications
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
S1628 Small Cell Carcinoma of the Pancreas: Dilemma Between Primary or Metastatic Manifestation

Introduction: Small cell cancer is an aggressive tumor with poor prognosis. Lung is the predominant site and affects other organs of the body including pancreas. We present a case where initially suspected to be primary lung cancer, however later turned out to be unknown primary site. Case Description/Methods: 61-year-old white male with a 60-pack year history of smoking presented with pleuritic chest pain, cough and hemoptysis for three weeks. Physical as exam was notable only for scleral icterus. Initial lab results revealed WBC 14.1 K/mcL, HG 12.6 g/dL, platelets of 378 K/mcL T Bili 2.1 mg/dL, ALP 137 IU/L, AST 99 IU/L, ALT 133 IU/L. CT scan of the chest revealed post obstructive pneumonia of the left upper lobe. Bronchoscopy with biopsy revealed small cell cancer. Regarding his elevated liver enzymes, a CT scan of the abdomen showed biliary duct dilatation and a pancreatic head mass. MRI with MRCP images further characterized this lesion as a pancreatic mass and distal common bile duct narrowing and proximal dilatation. Endoscopic ultrasound biopsy of the pancreatic lesion revealed this was also a small cell cancer. It remained unclear whether this was a separate primary or evidence of metastatic disease. Liver enzymes trended down after common bile duct stent placement and patient followed up with oncology. He was started on carboplatin, etoposide and tecentriq. Discussion: Malignant lesions of the pancreas are not necessarily adenocarcinoma. Pancreatic carcinoma is typically diagnosed at later stages. Symptoms and signs mostly related to obstructive jaundice. Endoscopic ultrasound guided biopsy is the emerging modality for the diagnosis of pancreatic head tumors. Pancreatic cancer metastasis to liver, abdomen as well as lungs, brain and bone. Pancreatic metastasis from a primary malignancy is rare. It can be from kidneys, colorectal, melanoma, breast and lung. In our case presentation, there is no modality or diagnostic investigation to yield the primary site of the malignancy. However, the diagnosis needed tissues biopsies from both sites to prove the histological type of the cancer. This is very important to start chemotherapy as well as to relieve the biliary outflow by ERCP to avoid acute liver failure during chemotherapy.Figure 1.: In stent dilatation of the Common bile duct during the ERCP procedure.

Topic: Pancreatic and Hepatic Oncology Research
Subfield: Oncology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Economies of Whiteness

While the female sexual economy is powerfully at work in the stories by Beattie, Bloom, and Moore, elsewhere it seems to disappear. Those three stories portray mother-daughter relationships in which either mothers or daughters can find sexual expression, but not both at the same time. In Gloria Naylor's "Kiswana Browne," on the other hand, both mother and daughter enjoy a sense of sexual fulfillment, a commonality that actually helps to bring the characters together by the end of the story. In the course of the story, readers witness the conflict between twentysomething Kiswana and her mother as she moves into her first apartment and looks for her first job. Although mother and daughter disagree on several issues—the suitability of Kiswana's apartment, her choice to forego phone service, her decorating choices, and, most importantly, her decision to renounce her given name, Melanie, for the African Kiswana—the story ends not with conflict but with a sense of mutual understanding. The key to the ceasefire between them is Kiswana's recognition that both she and her mother have lovers who find erotic delight in painted toenails. Rather than constraining the characters so that either mother or daughter can find sexual satisfaction, this story not only allows both women to express themselves sexually, but it even celebrates their parallel sexual experiences.1 KeywordsWhite WomanRacial IdentitySexual ExpressionJewish WomanWhite MotherThese keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.

Topic: American and British Literature Analysis
Subfield: Literature and Literary Theory
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
[Impact of the positive appraisal of care on quality of life, purpose in life, and will to continue care among Japanese family caregivers of older adults: analysis by kinship type].

Understanding the PAC among family caregivers may be important in order to better assist them to improve their mental QL or sense of ikigai as well as to predict their continuation of caregiving at home. The impact of PAC varies depending on the kinship type, and it should be assessed separately with reference to this pariable to develop plans for appropriate assistance.

Topic: Geriatric Care and Nursing Homes
Subfield: General Health Professions
Field: Health Professions
Domain: Health Sciences
RETICULUM, OR LATTICE, FIBERS

THESE studies pertaining to the argyrophil, reticulum or lattice fibers had a threefold purpose; first, to inquire into the factor or factors responsible for their development, second, to account for their presence in areas distant from vessels and infiltrating cells and, third, to inquire into their function and diagnostic value. In view of the scant attention that has been paid to the subject in dermatologic circles, it appears justifiable to begin with the fundamentals, even at the risk of approaching the elementary. Regardless of the voluminous literature, the histogenesis of these fibers is still a debatable problem. Ormsby and Montgomery<sup>1</sup>hinted at their importance when they stated that "there is a third system of fibers in the corium known as reticulum or lattice fibers which increase in numbers in various pathologic conditions, especially those involving the reticulo-endothelial system of the skin." Oppel<sup>2</sup>in 1891 seems to have been

Topic: Skin and Cellular Biology Research
Subfield: Cell Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Fuzzy Multiobjective Optimization

For decision making problems involving uncertainty, there exist two typical approaches: stochastic programming and fuzzy programming. In this chapter, multiobjective linear programming and interactive multiobjective linear programming, both incorporating fuzzy goals of the decision maker (DM), are introduced. Multiobjective linear programming problems with fuzzy parameters are also formulated and interactive decision making methods, both without and with the fuzzy goals of the DM, for deriving a satisficing solution for the DM efficiently are presented. Finally, multiobjective linear programming problems involving random variable coefficients, called stochastic multiobjective linear programming problems, are considered. By making use of stochastic models such as a probability maximization model together with chance constrained conditions, the stochastic multiobjective programming problems are transformed into deterministic ones. After determining the fuzzy goals of the DM, interactive fuzzy satisficing methods are introduced for deriving a satisficing solution for the DM. Controlled Vocabulary Terms decision making; fuzzy logic; linear programming; stochastic process; uncertainty

Topic: Optimization and Mathematical Programming
Subfield: Control and Systems Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Network Influences on Involvement in the Hybrid Problem Area of Developmental Dyslexia

A scientific communication model of the emergence of a hybrid research area was developed and tested in the field of developmental dyslexia, using multiple data sources concerning personal, professional, publication, and network aspects of seventy-four dyslexia researchers. Results suggest that societal concerns, federal research policy, and grant funding may play major roles in encouraging growth and change in a problem area, but that subject background and perceptions of past controversies also strongly influence researchers' involvement. The findings suggest the value of conceptualizing all of science communication, including the popularization of science, as a continuum within the larger society.

Topic: Reading and Literacy Development
Subfield: Developmental and Educational Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Glucose- and hypoxia-regulated insulin gene expression.

Although extensively studied, there are still many unanswered questions regarding the exact regulation of insulin gene expression. This is important to further investigate since it will hopefully help us understand the pathophysiology of some types of diabetes. The insulin mRNA has a long half-life and it is therefore likely to be regulated through specific mechanisms. The aim of the present work was to evaluate the importance of the 3´untranslated region (UTR) of the insulin mRNA in the regulation of insulin mRNA stability. The number of insulin mRNA molecules/rat β-cell was first determined to be 20 000 - 100 000, depending on the glucose concentration of the culture medium. However, the insulin mRNA level was neither increased by glucose nor insulin when stimulated for only one hour. Glucose withdrawal for 16 h caused only a small decrease in insulin mRNA levels. This decrease was of the same magnitude in the presence of a transcriptional inhibitor, indicating that the insulin mRNA stability significantly contributes to the regulation of insulin gene expression. To study the mechanisms by which glucose regulates insulin mRNA stability, we probed for protein binding to the rat and human 3´UTR insulin mRNA (ins-PRS) using the electrophoresis mobility shift assay. Specific binding was observed and the protein was identified as the polypyrimidine tract-binding protein (PTB). Introduction of the ins-PRS in to the 3´UTR of a reporter gene mRNA did not significantly affect the mRNA stability. However, mutation of the ins-PRS and disruption of PTB binding resulted in a marked decrease in expression of the reporter gene mRNA. The binding activity was increased in islets in response to glucose, hypoxia, sphingomyelinase (an inducer of endogenous ceramide) and in vitro by the addition of the reducing agent dithiothreitol (DTT). The hypoxia-induced binding activity was counteracted by exogenous administration of hydrogen peroxide, while the glucose-induced PTB binding activity was inhibited by rapamycin, which is an inhibitor of mTOR and p70s6 kinase. The insulin mRNA levels were increased in response to hypoxia, equal to the increase in response to glucose. In conclusion, PTB binding to the ins-PRS is an important, but not sufficient, event in regulation of insulin mRNA stability. Binding activity is increased in response to glucose and hypoxia, possibly mediated through pathways involving the redox status and/or reactive oxygen species (ROS), ceramide and mTOR/p70s6k.

Topic: Metabolism, Diabetes, and Cancer
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
DETERMINANTS OF EARNINGS MANAGEMENT IN BASIC INDUSTRY OF INDONESIA PUBLIC COMPANIES

This study aims to analyze the influence of Corporate Social Responsibility, Leverage, and Intellectual Capital on Earning Management in Manufacturing Companies in the Basic Industry and Chemical Sub-Sector listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. In this study, the amount of the alleged profit manipulation in the company was obtained through annual reports using quantitative methods. The data analysis method to test the hypothesis in this study used multiple linear regression. The results show that the corporate social responsibility index debt ratio, and VAIC simultaneously effect earnings Management. Meanwhile, partially, corporate social responsibility index and VAIC have a negative effect on earnings management, while the leverage variable has a significant positive effect on earnings management.

Topic: Corporate Governance and Financial Management
Subfield: Strategy and Management
Field: Business, Management and Accounting
Domain: Social Sciences
Multiculturalism In Hindu Religious Education Perspective

&lt;em&gt;Indonesia, like other developing countries, has social problems that are not simple. The economic crisis followed by various other crises made people aware of the importance of social capital. Social capital is the collective energy of the community in the form of togetherness, solidarity, cooperation, tolerance, trust, and responsibility of every society members in playing their duties and obligations. The development of dynamic society and social problems that continue to develop these days, require attention and sensitivity from all nation elements, not only from experts and observers of social problems but also the education world, especially concerning religious education which has a very strategic role as a vehicle and “agent of change” for the society. The pluralistic condition of Indonesia both in terms of ethnicity, race, religion, and social status makes an extraordinary contribution to the development and dynamics in society. Therefore, it is considered very important to provide a portion of religious education in a multicultural perspective in the Indonesian education system, both through substance and learning models. This is considered important to provide a briefing and foster the development of insight and personality, also train students' sensitivity in facing the social symptoms and problems that occur in society.&lt;/em&gt;

Topic: Education and Character Development
Subfield: Education
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Doorway states and billiards

Whenever a distinct state is immersed in a sea of complicated and dense\nstates, the strength of the distinct state, which we refer to as a doorway, is\ndistributed in their neighboring states. We analyze this mechanism for 2-D\nbilliards with different geometries. One of them is symmetric and integrable,\nanother is symmetric but chaotic, and the third has a capricious form. The fact\nthat the doorway-state mechanism is valid for such highly diverse cases, proves\nthat it is robust.\n

Topic: Quantum chaos and dynamical systems
Subfield: Statistical and Nonlinear Physics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
The Food Plants and Distribution of the American Plum Borer (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)

The North American geographical and host plant distributions for the American plnm borer, Euzophera semifuneralis, are reported. Literature and curatorial surveys found the plum borer to be present in 34 states in the U. S. as well as parts of Canada, Mexico, and South America. Pheromone surveys and direct observation found it to be present in high numbers in most cherry and plum orchards in Michigan and in 28 counties of the lower peninsula. A very wide host range representing 15 plant families was found, with most host species in the Rosaceae.

Topic: Insect Pheromone Research and Control
Subfield: Insect Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Comparative Study between Alvarado Score and Appendicitis Inflammatory Response Score in Diagnosis of Acute Appendicitis

The appendix is a worm like extension of caecum and for this reason has been called "vermiform appendix". Appendicitis may occur due to several reasons, such as an infection of the appendix, but the most important is the obstruction of appendiceal lumen. Acute appendicitis has remained the most common acute surgical condition of the abdomen in all ages and of course, a common disease in surgical practice. The usual picture of appendicitis is often not classical, leaving in many cases a diagnostic problem. In patients with questionable findings, the aggressive surgical approach has been "when in doubt, take it out, "and the price paid is the frequent removal of normal appendix.

Topic: Appendicitis Diagnosis and Management
Subfield: Emergency Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Quantum matching pursuit: A quantum algorithm for sparse representations

Representing signals with sparse vectors has a wide spectrum of applications that ranges from image and video coding to shape representation and health monitoring. In many applications with real-time requirements or that deal with high-dimensional signals, the computational complexity of the encoder that finds the sparse representation plays an important role. Quantum computing has recently shown promising speedups in many representation learning tasks. In this work, we propose a quantum version of the well-known matching-pursuit algorithm. Assuming the availability of a fault-tolerant quantum random access memory, our quantum matching pursuit lowers the complexity of its classical counterpart by a polynomial factor, at the cost of some error in the computation of the inner products, enabling the computation of sparse representations of high-dimensional signals. Besides proving the computational complexity of our algorithm, we provide numerical experiments that show that its error is negligible in practice. This work opens the path to further research on quantum algorithms for finding sparse representations, showing suitable quantum computing applications in signal processing.

Topic: Sparse and Compressive Sensing Techniques
Subfield: Computational Mechanics
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
First Two Cases of Russell’s Viper (Daboia russelii)bite, aRe-emerged Cause of Envenomation in Bangladesh

The first two cases of Russell’s viper bite (RV)presented in contemporary period from Chapainwabgonj and Patuakhali districts of Bangladesh in 2013. The unfortunate death of both the cases indicates the severity it can produce and difficulties in its management in resource limited settings. Treatment seeking from traditional healer, sub-district hospital could not provide first dose of AV before referral and delayed arrival to hospital are concerned to be addressed to prevent death from bite by RV in future. Basic preventive measures such as careful while working and walking in the field and unnecessary handling of snake could avoid bite in both the cases. Bangladesh. Bangladesh J Medicine 2024; 35: 204-210

Topic: Venomous Animal Envenomation and Studies
Subfield: Genetics
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Evolution des végétaux aquatiques dans les cours d'eau recalibrés (exemples pris dans le sud-ouest de la France)

The maintenance of the streams examined now consist of clearing the areas invaded by helophytes or silted. Its effect is to restore the hydrosere to its original state. The succession can develop again as long as the growth of vegetation along the banks does not cut out too much incident light.

Topic: Mediterranean and Iberian flora and fauna
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Potential of Site‐Specific Management for Nonpoint Environmental Protection

Site specific management for nonpoint environmental protection involves a number of management practices. This chapter discusses how the application of good management on a site specific basis can optimize crop production while maintaining soil and water quality, and addresses its potential to protect against environmental degradation when compared with conventional uniform field management. Conservation tillage is considered the most promising management practice for keeping soil erosion at acceptable levels on rolling landscapes. Most landscapes have natural variations in the phosphorus content of the soil due to variations in parent material, weathering, and movement of water and sediment across the surface. Movement of pesticides through soil is dependent upon the solubility of the chemical, the resistance of the chemical to breakdown by microorganisms, the sorptivity of the chemical onto soil particles, the hydraulic properties of the soil, and the water regime. Vegetative barriers are effective in trapping sediment in toe slope positions along streams or drainageways.

Topic: Soil erosion and sediment transport
Subfield: Soil Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Cobalt‐Catalyzed <i>E</i>‐Selective Cross‐Dimerization of Terminal Alkynes: A Mechanism Involving Cobalt(0/II) Redox Cycles

Abstract A highly E ‐selective cross‐dimerization of terminal alkynes with either terminal silylacetylenes, tert ‐butylacetylene, or 1‐trimethylsilyloxy‐1,1‐diphenyl‐2‐propyne in the presence of a dichlorocobalt(II) complex bearing a sterically demanding 2,9‐bis(2,4,6‐triisopropylphenyl)‐1,10‐phenanthroline, activated with two equivalents of EtMgBr, gives a variety of ( E )‐1,3‐enynes. A well‐characterized diolefin/cobalt(0) complex, with divinyltetramethyldisiloxane, acted as a catalytically active species without any activation, clearly indicating that a cobalt(0) species is involved in the catalytic cycle.

Topic: Catalytic Alkyne Reactions
Subfield: Organic Chemistry
Field: Chemistry
Domain: Physical Sciences
The Price of Assimilation

This book examines the relationship of composer Felix Mendelssohn (1809–47) to his Jewish heritage. Most scholars since World War Two have assumed that Mendelssohn, who was born Jewish but was converted to Protestantism at age seven, maintained a strong attachment to Judaism throughout his lifetime. Through a close examination of the libretto drafts of Mendelssohn's oratorios Paulus, Elias, and Christus; his libretto for Adolf Bernhard Marx's oratorio Mose; and his edition of Johann Sebastian Bach's St. Matthew Passion, this book provides new answers to the so-called “Mendelssohn Jewish question”. The book demonstrates how Mendelssohn's father, Abraham Mendelssohn, worked to distance the family from its Jewish past, and how Mendelssohn's reputation as a composer of Christian sacred music was threatened by the reverence with which German Jews viewed his family name. In order to prove the sincerity of his Christian faith to both his father and his audiences, Mendelssohn aligned his early sacred works with a 19th-century anti-Semitic musical tradition, and did so more fervently than even his Christian collaborators required. With the death of Mendelssohn's father and the near simultaneous establishment of the composer's career in Leipzig in 1835, however, Mendelssohn's fear of his background began to dissipate, and he began to explore ways in which he could prove the sincerity of his Christian faith without having to disparage publicly his Jewish heritage.

Topic: Musicology and Musical Analysis
Subfield: Music
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences