jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
De Garengeot's hernia: our experience of three cases and literature review

Groin hernia is a common surgical presentation and nearly half of the femoral hernias present acutely with strangulation. The hernia sac usually contains omentum or small bowel. Rarely, the appendix can herniate into the femoral canal. De Garengeot's hernia is the term used to describe the presence of appendicitis in the femoral hernia. Hernia explorations are performed by surgical trainees and encountering a De Garengeot's hernia can be challenging to manage. We report our experience of three cases of this rare entity and a literature review to improve our understanding for optimum management.

Topic: Appendicitis Diagnosis and Management
Subfield: Emergency Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Optimal haplotype reconstruction in half-sib families

In the goal of genetic improvement of livestock by marker assisted selection, we aim at reconstructing the haplotypes of sires from their offspring. We reformulate this problem into a weighted binary constraint satisfaction problem with only equality and disequality soft constraints. Our results show these problems have a small treewidth and can be solved optimally, improving haplotype reconstruction compared to previous approaches especially for small families (&amp;lt;10 descendants).

Topic: Genetic and phenotypic traits in livestock
Subfield: Genetics
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Hume, David (1711–1776)

David Hume’s economic essays (which originally appeared in 1752 in a volume entitled Political Discourses) comprise a small portion of his writings. The scope of Hume’s thought was vast. He wrote extensively in philosophy (the area in which his reputation primarily lies), explored several of the social sciences and the humanities, and was deeply interested in history. His multi-volume History of England (1754–1761) was a path-breaking work in the field. Nonetheless, in the literature Hume’s economic writings have typically been treated as an entirely self-contained aspect of his work. This is not surprising, since in his economic essays he does not allude to his other writings, and subsequent disciplinary specialization has not encouraged consideration of any interrelationships between the two. For their part, philosophers have often treated Hume’s philosophical writings in isolation from his other work.

Topic: Economic Theory and Institutions
Subfield: Economics and Econometrics
Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance
Domain: Social Sciences
Employee Background Screening: A Key Tool for Workplace Trust, Safety, and Compliance

&lt;p&gt;This paper examines technological innovations in background screening and their impact on workforce management. It explores the integration of AI-driven hiring tools, digital identity verification, and blockchain-based compliance systems, assessing their influence on efficiency, fairness, and global workforce mobility. Using a mixed-methods approach that combined surveys of multinational corporations with interviews of HR professionals, the study found that AI tools streamline processes and reduce administrative costs, blockchain enhances security and trust in identity verification, and perceptions of fairness strongly shape candidate trust in algorithmic decision-making. Furthermore, these technologies ease cross-border employment verification, supporting workforce mobility, yet they introduce ethical challenges linked to transparency and bias. The study concludes that organizations must balance technological efficiency with ethical oversight, recommending regulatory harmonization, bias-mitigation frameworks, and context-specific blockchain adoption.&lt;/p&gt;

Topic: Business Law and Ethics
Subfield: Accounting
Field: Business, Management and Accounting
Domain: Social Sciences
A Web service composition method based on Sub Web Service

With the proliferation of Web services and the evolution towards the Semantic Web comes the opportunity to automate various Web services tasks. In this paper, we propose the conception of Sub Web Service and present an algorithm of automatic web service composition which based on Sub Web Service. The most contribution of this paper is: (1) propose the conception of Sub Web Service; (2) present a automatic composition algorithm. The simulation experiment indicated that the algorithm we proposed is effective and efficiency when applied in web service composition engine.

Topic: Service-Oriented Architecture and Web Services
Subfield: Information Systems
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Rethinking Tradition: From Ontological Reality to Assigned Temporal Meaning

Abstract The article seeks to revitalize the concept of tradition and re-claim its usefulness for contemporary sociological thought and research. Instead of ontological entity, tradition is defined here as an assigned temporal meaning, i.e., a symbolic activity in which various social groups attribute traditional qualities to certain sectors of life that are understood as binding together different times. The article analyzes two incompatible approaches with which tradition was hitherto conceptualized in sociology: (1) tradition as the anti-modern, and (2) tradition as synonymous with “culture.” The analysis introduces a few middle-ground options that support the theory of tradition as assigned meaning.

Topic: European Political History Analysis
Subfield: History
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Loden Sherap Dagyab: Tibetan religious art. (Asiatische Forschungen, Bd. 52.) 2 vols. xi, 173 pp., 8 diagrams ; vii, 68 pp. Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, 1977. DM 280.

An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content.

Topic: Chinese history and philosophy
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Finding the Integer Efficient Frontier for Quadratic Capital Budgeting Problems

This paper shows that the integer efficient frontier for capital budgeting problems can be computed using a modified Markowitz approach. It is shown that if the quadratic integer capital budgeting problem is reformulated as a parametric programming problem on the right-hand side of the return constraint, the problem indicated by Baum, Carlson, and Jucker [1] is eliminated. The traditional Markowitz approach is to formulate the problem as an objective function parametric programming problem. Baum, Carlson, and Jucker [1] show that the traditional approach cannot generally be applied to solve quadratic zero-one integer capital budgeting problems. They show that this approach may fail to identify some efficient points. The failure results from the objective function parametric programming approach. Even though the objective function and the right-hand side parametric programming approaches are equivalent in the continuous case, they may not be equivalent in the integer case.

Topic: Capital Investment and Risk Analysis
Subfield: Finance
Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance
Domain: Social Sciences
Review of Adams (2007): The Regional Diversification of Latin 200 BC-AD 600

Preview this article: The Regional Diversification of Latin 200 BC-AD 600. By J. N. Adams, Page 1 of 1 < Previous page | Next page > /docserver/preview/fulltext/dia.26.2.05sam-1.gif

Topic: Classical Antiquity Studies
Subfield: Anthropology
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
LHD 6O-AL06-NF #166005.1

The plasma monitor cameras are installed in 6-T, 6-O and 10-O ports for monitoring LHD plasmas. Five cameras are set in 3-O port for observing the lower divertor structure near 2.5-L port and the plasma-wall interactions on the divertor plates.

Topic: Family Business Performance and Succession
Subfield: Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management
Field: Business, Management and Accounting
Domain: Social Sciences
The importance of a multidisciplinary approach in the treatment of mutilating electrical injury: a case study.

Electrical burns are not ranked among the most frequent type of injuries, but they have the most devastating potential of all thermal injuries and often cause lifelong stigmatization. Those primarily affected are young males: work injuries predominate. An electrical burn is a specific nosological unit that has multiple acute and chronic abnormal manifestations. In this study we describe the case of a young man who suffered an electrical injury after contact with a high-voltage line (22,000 volts) while paragliding. This contact was followed by a 10 m fall. In our work we present the need for multidisciplinary cooperation along with the opportunities, problems and risks that accompany the treatment of this type of injury.

Topic: Burn Injury Management and Outcomes
Subfield: Epidemiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Multifrequency inverse problem for the reduced wave equation with sparse data

The inverse problem for the reduced wave equation Δu+k2n2(x)u=0 is considered where the quantity to be determined is the value of n(x) in a compact domain D in R3. The data consists of a finite set of measurements of the scattered field produced by different incident fields. The measurements are made at various points exterior to D and at possibly different frequencies. The mathematical problem involves solving a system of nonlinear functional equations. Conditions are developed which indicate when the measured body is close to a particular comparison body (a linearized perturbation is valid). A new higher order nonlinear iterative procedure is developed for the full nonlinear problem, which reduces to the usual solution in the linearized region. The method is illustrated by computational results for the one-dimensional case.

Topic: Numerical methods in inverse problems
Subfield: Mathematical Physics
Field: Mathematics
Domain: Physical Sciences
Developmental Expression Pattern and DNA-Binding Properties of the Zinc Finger Transcription Factor Krox-26

The development of teeth through epithelial-mesenchymal interactions is mediated on a molecular level through the iterative and reciprocal action of secreted growth factors and responsive transcription factors. Although zinc finger transcription factors constitute by far the largest class of transcriptional regulators in mammals [1], little is known about their specific role in the regulation of tissue formation. The C 2 H 2 zinc finger transcription factor Krox-26 is transiently expressed during organ formation, most prominently at sites of early tooth development and subsequently in secretory stage ameloblasts [2]. The objective of this study was to determine the developmental expression pattern of Krox-26 during mouse embryogenesis and to determine its preferred DNA-binding site. Krox-26 protein expression could be detected in multiple tissues, most prominently in developing craniofacial structures. A target detection assay using recombinant Krox-26 protein identified the sequence CAATG as the preferred Krox-26 DNA-binding site. These results suggest that Krox-26 may regulate the expression of target genes through CCAAT box-related sequences in multiple tissues.

Topic: dental development and anomalies
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Nanopore Sequencing as a Rapid Tool for the Identification of Cucumber Mosaic Virus Infecting Spearmint (Mentha spicata)

Spearmint (Mentha spicata L.) is one of the most popular mint species in South Korea due to its range of beneficial effects. We collected spearmint plants that exhibited virus-infection-like mosaic and chlorosis foliar symptoms and identified the causal viral pathogen using an Oxford Nanopore Technologies (ONT)-based MinION platform, which is a compact and portable rapid sequencing device. The nearly-complete genomic sequence of the cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) infecting spearmint was determined and consisted of RNA 1 (3120 nt) with ORF1a encoding 991 amino acids, RNA 2 (2968 nt) with ORF2a encoding 857 and ORF2b encoding 111 aa, and RNA 3 (2128 nt) with ORF3a encoding 280 and ORF3b encoding 219 aa. Phylogenetic analysis based on complete coat protein sequences revealed that CMV-CNU-spearmint was a member of the subgroup IA. This is the first report of a natural CMV infection of spearmint in South Korea. The rapid and reliable sequencing tools provided by the ONT can facilitate the surveillance and identification of plant viruses in the field.

Topic: Plant Virus Research Studies
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Vacuole Biogenesis in <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> : Protein Transport Pathways to the Yeast Vacuole

SUMMARY Delivery of proteins to the vacuole of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae provides an excellent model system in which to study vacuole and lysosome biogenesis and membrane traffic. This organelle receives proteins from a number of different routes, including proteins sorted away from the secretory pathway at the Golgi apparatus and endocytic traffic arising from the plasma membrane. Genetic analysis has revealed at least 60 genes involved in vacuolar protein sorting, numerous components of a novel cytoplasm-to-vacuole transport pathway, and a large number of proteins required for autophagy. Cell biological and biochemical studies have provided important molecular insights into the various protein delivery pathways to the yeast vacuole. This review describes the various pathways to the vacuole and illustrates how they are related to one another in the vacuolar network of S. cerevisiae.

Topic: Cellular transport and secretion
Subfield: Cell Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Cognitive Correlates of Functional Disruption at Psychosis Onset: Unique Relevance of Visual Cognition

Background: Cognitive impairment is a common feature of schizophrenia spectrum disorders and has been associated with functional disruption preceding the onset of psychosis. Understanding how cognitive deficits interact with clinical symptoms and functioning in early psychosis remains challenging. In this study, we aim to investigate whether a distinct “cognitive signature” characterizes functional disruption at the onset of psychosis. Material and Methods: Clinical, cognitive, and functional data were collected from 101 first episode psychosis patients at their first hospitalization. Stepwise regression models were used to identify predictors of global functioning and symptom severity at the time of onset, as well as diagnostic outcomes at discharge. Path analysis was used to explore the relationship among symptom severity, cognition, and functional outcomes. Results: Deficits in visual memory were selectively predictive of lower functioning and higher global symptom severity at the time of psychosis onset. Reduced visual-spatial abilities were also associated with unemployment at the time preceding hospitalization and predicted a non-affective schizophrenia spectrum diagnosis at discharge. Path analysis found that visual memory fully mediated the relationship between negative symptoms and level of functioning. Conclusions: Impairment in visual cognition seems to be uniquely associated with functional impairment and global symptom severity at the onset of psychosis and to mediate the relationship between negative symptoms and functioning. The results might indicate a primary relevance of visual cognitive aspects in marking functional disruption and symptom exacerbation at psychosis onset. This might have implications for early detection and inform treatment plans.

Topic: Schizophrenia research and treatment
Subfield: Psychiatry and Mental health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
CCDC 2000829: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.

Topic: Crystallization and Solubility Studies
Subfield: Materials Chemistry
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Review on the ethnomedicinal and nutritional value of some wild edible plants used by the tribal of Koraput District of Odisha, India

Due to its abundance of plant genetic resources, Odisha is often called a genetic refuge. However, the south Odisha tribal regions, despite their abundance of natural resources, have received scant ethnobotanical research. Human cultural diversity in Koraput is well-known, and the area is also a biodiversity hotspot for several food crops and forest species. The purpose of this study is to consolidate all available information on the ethnomedical uses of wild plants by indigenous peoples in the Koraput district. The reviewed nutritional analysis studies show that numerous species have high nutrient content, some of which are superior to some domesticated varieties. Wild edible plants are used as indigenous food and remarkably improve the nutritional security of several tribal people of Koraput. However, systematic study on the nutritional potential of these wild edible plants is meager. The present study evaluated the Carbohydrate, Fat, Protein, and Fiber content in selected wild edible plants of Koraput. Research shows that several species of tubers are in danger of extinction and hence included on the IUCN Red List of Threatened and Endangered Species. For this reason, the optimal use of this biodiversity is to meet the inhabitant's present and future food. The medicinal needs depend on extensive phytochemical inquiry, safe conservation, and sustainable use of wild tuber, all require strong community participation, which also fulfills the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) 2 and 3, i.e., zero hunger and good health and well-being.

Topic: Ethnobotanical and Medicinal Plants Studies
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Evaluation of wind-induced lodging risk for maize cultivar based on GIS

Lodging in maize causes severe yield loss annually. In this study, a total of 687 growing counties in or near Huang-Huai-Hai Plain, China were chosen as study area. First, cultivar lodging resistance was determined based on frequency distribution analysis using the data of national regional trials for maize cultivar in recent 9 years. Then, environment lodging stress was assessed based on probability analysis of extreme wind event in maize vegetative stage using meteorology data in recent 59 years. Last, lodging risk was evaluated combining cultivar lodging resistance with local environment lodging stress. Cultivars NH1101 and Xianyu 335 were taken as examples and the results analyzed with GIS indicated that lodging risk related not only to local environment lodging stress but also to cultivar lodging resistance. It can facilitate the identification of high-risk growing environments so as to reduce the risk and loss of lodging in maize.

Topic: Crop Yield and Soil Fertility
Subfield: Agronomy and Crop Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Current in a Scattering Antenna Embedded in a Dissipative Half Space

The current distribution on a half‐wave dipole antenna embedded in a conducting half space is investigated. The dipole antenna is parallel to the plane of the interface between the two media. It is illuminated by a diffracted inhomogeneous plane wave with perpendicular magnetic field vector. The current distribution is found mainly cosinusoidal with a shifted cosine correction term. A numercial analysis is given for the case where the dissipative medium has average earth constants. variations of the current due to different angles of incidence are also investigated.

Topic: Electromagnetic Scattering and Analysis
Subfield: Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
AN EVALUATION OF THE PROPHYLACTIC USE OF CORTISONE FOR PITUITARY OPERATIONS*

Both the role of the anterior pituitary in the preservation of the body's homeostasis through its tropic hormones, and the derangements resulting from anterior pituitary insufficiency have been studied intensively. In acute anterior pituitary insufficiency the major therapeutic effort is directed toward correction of the effects of the resultant acute adrenocortical failure; under these circumstances, the effectiveness of cortisone is well established. This prompted the prophylactic use of cortisone, by ourselves and others, for patients undergoing operations on or about the pituitary gland. In this paper is presented a study of a large series of such cases, undertaken in order to determine the incidence of postoperative endocrine complications and the relationship of such complications to the preoperative use of cortisone and the preoperative presence of endocrine insufficiency.

Topic: Pituitary Gland Disorders and Treatments
Subfield: Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Invasive Organisms Information: A proposed TDWG Task Group

&lt;p&gt;Invasive species are a global problem for conservation, economics and health. Information on their distribution, spread and impact are essential to inform national and international policy on biodiversity. Furthermore, demand for these data are only likely to increase as recent environmental change results in the widespread reconfiguring of species distributions. Researchers and managers of invasive species require certain elements of data from observations and inventories of species, such as, how the organism was brought to the location, how well established it is and whether it is considered alien to that location. However, Darwin Core either lacks terms sufficient for these purposes or does not have a suitable controlled vocabulary on existing terms to express these concepts clearly and to harmonize data collection.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;We are proposing a TDWG task group to make recommendations to improve Darwin Core for invasive species research and management. Some of the specific terms we will look are dwc:establishmentMeans and dwc:occurrenceStatus. However, we may also recommend new terms and controlled vocabularies, including how to express the degree of establishment of an organism at a location.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt; We will look at current frameworks for alien species data and analyse how these are used both by invasive species specialists and by the broader community collecting biodiversity observations. We will aim to make a proposal that is sufficiently flexible to be of use to the whole community, while providing sufficient resolution to be of use to specialists in invasion biology. &lt;/p&gt;

Topic: Insect Pheromone Research and Control
Subfield: Insect Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Lexicographic aggregation of semiorders

Abstract It is well known that the lexicographic aggregation of complete preorders gives a complete preorder. Unfortunately, this property is no longer true when the lexicographic rule is applied to semiorders. In this paper we study some ways of defining a lexicographic aggregation of semiorders and the properties of the resulting structures.

Topic: Rough Sets and Fuzzy Logic
Subfield: Computational Theory and Mathematics
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences