jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Assessment of the anesthetic effect of modified pentothal sodium solution on Sprague-Dawley rats

Abstract Clinically, pentothal sodium has been widely used for primary and general anesthesia induction. Also, it has been used to effectively inhibit convulsion. Pentothal sodium has a strong inhibitory effect on the respiratory center, excessive drug administration, and rapid dose rate that cause death of experimental animals on the respiratory depression. This study used a modified pentothal sodium solution to investigate its anesthetic effect. The pentothal sodium solution was modified based on pentothal sodium upon additions of magnesium sulfate, propylene glycol, and pure ethanol. The anesthetic effect of the modified pentothal sodium on Sprague–Dawley (SD) rats was investigated by comparing traditional pentothal sodium and ketamine; 60 SD rats were randomly divided into three groups. Each group was treated with traditional pentothal sodium, modified pentothal sodium, or ketamine, respectively, via intraperitoneal injection. The symptoms of experimental rats were observed, and onset time and anesthetic time were both recorded. The data were analyzed using statistical software. There were no significant differences in onset time and anesthetic time between the three groups. The variation of onset time and anesthetic time of the group treated with modified pentothal sodium was shorter than that of the other two groups. Furthermore, the number of anesthetic rats after the first injection was significantly higher than that of the other two groups. The modified pentothal sodium is capable of providing a stable anesthetic effect. The function and effect are much better than traditional pentothal sodium and ketamine.

Topic: Anesthesia and Sedative Agents
Subfield: Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Festival of the Genome : Celebrating the 10th Anniversary of the Sequencing of the Human Genome : free public lecture series October 20-November 17, 2011

Speakers:Dr. Gary Litman, Mr. Peter Tush, Mr. Xavier Cortada, Dr. Kalai Mathee, Rev. Dr. Ronald Cole-Turner, Dr. Robert Cook-Deegan.

Topic: Hermeneutics and Narrative Identity
Subfield: Philosophy
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Novel alterations of <i>CC2D1A</i> as a candidate gene in a Turkish sample of patients with autism spectrum disorder

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder with large genetic background, but identification of pathogenic variants has proceeded slowly because hundreds of loci are involved in this complex disorder. <i>CC2D1A</i> gene firstly associated with the intellectual disability (ID) in a family with a large deletion. We aimed to contribute to the literature by sequencing this gene and by this way we report novel <i>CC2D1A</i> variations in patients with ASD. Forty families who have a child with a diagnosis of ASD were enrolled to the study. DNA samples were obtained from each family member. Bidirectional <i>CC2D1A</i> gene sequencing was performed with CEQ Cycle Sequencing Kit, and the products were analyzed on the Beckman CEQ 8000. All of the genetic analysis was conducted in Erciyes University Genome and Stem Cell Center (GENKOK). According to the sequencing results, we defined new alterations in this gene with two SNPs in exon 15 and 19 (rs747172992 and rs1364074600) in our patients. We found a pathogenic variant in one patient. This variant was located in the acceptor region. Six of the variants were missense mutations. Additionally, six different benign variants were detected in 30 patients; however, they were not associated with ASD. Two patients carried multiple rare variants. <i>In vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> functional analysis with this gene will help to understand its contribution to ASD pathogenesis. Future studies may help to elucidate the underlying biological mechanisms of these variants leading to the autism phenotype.

Topic: Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
Subfield: Cognitive Neuroscience
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences
Optimal PID controller tuning of automatic gantry crane using PSO algorithm

In this paper, a novel method for tuning PID controller of automatic gantry crane control using particle swarm optimization (PSO) is proposed. PSO is one of the most recent optimization techniques based on evolutionary algorithm. PSO is also known as computationally efficient method. This work presents in detail how to apply PSO method in finding the optimal PID gains of gantry crane system in the fashion of min-max optimization. The simulation results show that with proper tuning a satisfactory PID control performance can be achieved to drive nonlinear plant. The controller is able to effectively move the trolley of the crane in short time while canceling the swing angle of the payload hanging on the trolley at the end position. The robustness of the controller is also tested.

Topic: Advanced Control Systems Design
Subfield: Control and Systems Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
sj-pdf-1-jns-10.1177_09670335211054299 – Supplemental Material for Non-destructive near infrared spectroscopy externally validated using large number sets for creation of robust calibration models enabling prediction of apple firmness

Supplemental Material, sj-pdf-1-jns-10.1177_09670335211054299 for Non-destructive near infrared spectroscopy externally validated using large number sets for creation of robust calibration models enabling prediction of apple firmness by Martina Marečková, Veronika Danková, Lubor Zelený and Pavol Suran in Journal of Near Infrared Spectroscopy

Topic: Spectroscopy and Chemometric Analyses
Subfield: Analytical Chemistry
Field: Chemistry
Domain: Physical Sciences
Hierarchical Link and Code: Efficient Similarity Search for Billion-Scale Image Sets

Similarity search is an indispensable component in many computer vision applications. To index billions of images on a single commodity server, Douze et al. introduced L&amp;C that works on operating points considering 64-128 bytes per vector. While the idea is inspiring, we observe that L&amp;C still suffers the accuracy saturation problem, which it is aimed to solve. To this end, we propose a simple yet effective two-layer graph index structure, together with dual residual encoding, to attain higher accuracy. Particularly, we partition vectors into multiple clusters and build the top-layer graph using the corresponding centroids. For each cluster, a subgraph is created with compact codes of the first-level vector residuals. Such an index structure provides better graph search precision as well as saves quite a few bytes for compression. We employ the second-level residual quantization to re-rank the candidates obtained through graph traversal, which is more efficient than regression-from-neighbors adopted by L&amp;C. Comprehensive experiments show that our proposal obtains over 30% higher recall@1 than the state-of-thearts, and achieves up to 7.7x and 6.1x speedup over L&amp;C on Deep1B and Sift1B, respectively.

Topic: Image Retrieval and Classification Techniques
Subfield: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Trimming and production losses associated with bacterial arthritis in lambs presented to an abattoir in southern Australia

Bacterial arthritis in sheep is a painful and debilitating condition that is widespread across all sheep-raising regions and climatic zones of Australia. At slaughter, bacterial arthritis in sheep causes economic losses through the condemnation of all or parts of the carcass, as specified in the Australian Standard for the Hygienic Production and Transportation of Meat and Meat Products for Human Consumption. In this study, we investigated the economic cost of arthritis in lambs presenting to an abattoir in southern Australia using a combination of the prevalence of arthritis detected during meat inspection, condemnation rates, trim weight and carcass weight, and fat measurements. Data were collected on 354 lines of lambs representing 63 287 carcasses. One hundred and sixty nine consignments, or approximately one-half of the consignments, had at least one carcass with arthritis/polyarthritis detected by meat inspection personnel. Four hundred and twenty-two, or 0.7%, of the carcasses had arthritis/polyarthritis in at least one joint. When arthritis was present, on average 2.0% of the line was affected. Three carcasses with arthritis were condemned and the remainder trimmed, with an average trim weight of 0.7 kg. In addition, arthritis reduced the growth of lambs by 1.2 kg hot standard carcass weight, approximately 2.7 kg liveweight (assuming 45% dressing percentage) and reduced fat cover by 1.8 mm.

Topic: Animal Disease Management and Epidemiology
Subfield: Agronomy and Crop Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
A Nomenclatorial Note on Cetraria tuckermanii

HEITZ, E. 1928. Das Heterochromatin der Moose. Jahrb. Wiss. Bot. 69: 762-818. 1942. tOber die Beziehung zwischen Polyploidie und Gemischtgeschlechtlichkeit bei Moosen. Arch. Julius Klaus-Stift. Vererb. Sozialanth. Rassenhyg. 27: 444-448. KURITA, M. 1937. Geschlechtschromosomen und Chromosomenzahlen bei einigen Laubmoosen. Zeits. Indukt. Abst. Vererb. 74: 24-29. LOWRY, R. J. 1948. A cytotaxonomic study of the genus Mnium. Mem. Torr. Bot. Club. 20(2): 1-42. . 1954. Chromosome numbers and relationships in the genus Atrichum in North America. Amer. Jour. Bot. 41: (in press). VAARAMA, A. 1950. Studies on chromosome numbers and certain meiotic features of several Finnish moss species. Bot. Not. 2: 239-256. IMSHAUG: CETRARIA TUCKERMANII

Topic: Bryophyte Studies and Records
Subfield: Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
A fenyőfagyöngy (Viscum album subsp. austriacum) elterjedése és gyakorisági viszonyai Magyarországon

Based on the data collected between 2015 and 2023, we present a detailed account of the occurrences and current distribution of Viscum album subsp. austriacum in Hungary. We present its fre­quency and abundance, and also examine the factors influencing its distribution and prevalence. The taxon is generally widespread in the western half of Western Transdanubia, where it is a characteristic (and partially native) element of the mixed pine forests of the Vendvidék, Felső-Őrség, Kőszeg Hills, and the Pinka Plain. Its occurrence has been confirmed in almost all (older) Scots pine and black pine stands of the Sopron Hills, where it has become a mass pest in several locations. Based on our studies, the current distri­bution of the taxon in Southwestern Transdanubia follows the border of the native distribution of Scots pine, but in the Kemeneshát and the Sopron–Vas Plain, the regional boundary extends 10–25 km beyond it. The frequency of pine mistletoe within the subcompartments was highest in mixed coniferous stands. We also recorded a mass infection that played a significant role in the degradation of the stands. The notable increase in the number of occurrences can be explained by the significant under-mapping of the taxon to date, as well as its documented spread throughout Europe. It is also assumed to be linked to the increasing­ly unfavorable health status of coniferous forests in Hungary. This process may be facilitat­ed by the fact that the resistance of Scots pine forests in both hilly and lowland regions has significantly declined due to the increasing length and frequency of drought periods. Compared to previous years, forest stands in weakened condition are more susceptible to infections by pathogenic organisms, such as mistletoe.

Topic: Plant Parasitism and Resistance
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Acoustic Characteristics of Aerodynamic Pantograph Noise Generated from Shinkansen Train

Aerodynamic noise generated from a pantographs of Shinkansen trains is one of the major noise sources when they run at high speed. From the viewpoint of environmental conservation, it is important to estimate its sound pressure level. Recent Shinkansen trains are equipped with noise insulating panels on both sides of the pantograph to reduce the noise propagating to the wayside and its noise reduction effect highly depends on the lateral prospects from the pantograph to the measurement point. In the present study, aerodynamic noise generated from a pantograph with noise insulating panels was measured at the different elevation angle by the wind tunnel test. The result was validated using that of a field test in which aerodynamic noise was measured at positions by the side of or obliquely below the pantograph. Furthermore, the characteristics of the noise generated from the components of the pantograph at different heights were investigated at elevation angles ranging from 0 deg. to 30 deg..

Topic: Aerodynamics and Fluid Dynamics Research
Subfield: Aerospace Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Negotiating Wage Settlements: A Structural Approach

While attracting a growing research attention, the wage determination process has largely been studied from an economic perspective. This study, in contrast, adopts a combined, economic and structural approach in an attempt to account for wage gains and concessions. This paper asks, which determinants, other than economic factors, may impact the outcomes of wage settlements? Given their economic and political environments, what are the choices available to parties pursuing the maximization of wage settlements? A logit analysis of 405 agreements filed with Alberta Labour, in 1987, shows that structural variables bear important impacts on the likelihood of wage negotiations to result in wage increases. This, in turn, carries important implications for union and management wage bargaining tactics which are also discussed.

Topic: Labor Movements and Unions
Subfield: Public Administration
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Book Review 4: Proportionality and the Rule of Law: Rights, Justification, Reasoning, edited by Grant Huscroft, Bradley W. Miller &amp;amp; Grégoire Webber, 2014 596

"Book Review 4: Proportionality and the Rule of Law: Rights, Justification, Reasoning, edited by Grant Huscroft, Bradley W. Miller &amp; Grégoire Webber, 2014 596" published on 11 Jul 2019 by Brill | Nijhoff.

Topic: Judicial and Constitutional Studies
Subfield: Law
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
The use of multi-criteria analysis for selection of technology for a household WWTP compatible with sustainable development / Zastosowanie analizy wielokryterialnej do wyboru rozwiązania technologicznego przydomowej oczyszczalni ścieków zgodnego z ideą zrównoważonego rozwoju

Abstract This paper presents the use of multi-criteria analysis as a tool that helps choosing an adequate technology for a household wastewater treatment plant. In the process of selection the criteria of sustainable development were taken into account. Five municipal mechanical-biological treatment plants were chosen for the comparative multi-criteria analysis. Different treatment technologies, such as sand filter, activated sludge, trickling filter, a hybrid system - activated sludge/trickling filter and a hybrid constructed wetland system VF-HF type (vertical and horizontal fl ow) were taken into account. The plants’ capacities were 1 m 3 ∙d -1 (PE=8) and they all meet the environmental regulations. Additionally, a solution with a drainage system was included into the analysis. On the basis of multi-criteria analysis it was found that the preferred wastewater treatment technologies, consistent with the principles of sustainable development, were a sand filter and a hybrid constructed wetland type VF-HF. A drainage system was chosen as the best solution due to the economic criteria, however, taking into consideration the primary (ecological) criterion, employment of such systems on a larger scale disagree with the principles of sustainable development. It was found that activated sludge is the least favourable technology. The analysis showed that this technology is not compatible with the principles of sustainable development, due to a lack of proper technological stability and low reliability.

Topic: Environmental Policies and Emissions
Subfield: Pollution
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
The importance initial body temperature in critically ill trauma patients on to ICUs in prediction of the outcome

Introduction: Different studies on evaluation of the outcome of multiple trauma patients have found many influential factors. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship of axilary body temperature with mortality in patients with multiple traumas hospitalized in the intensive care units and other clinical and paraclinical factors. Materials and Methods: This is a cohort study. All the patients between 16 and 75 years old with multiple traumas who were admitted to the ICU of Rasoul Akram Hospital from 21st of March 2008 till 20th of March 2009 were included in the study. Axillary temperature in the first and 2nd days of admission, Glasgow cola scale (GCS), systolic blood pressure, serum glucose levels and white blood cell counts of all patients at the first day were recorded and their relationships with each other and with the outcome were analyzed. Results: 93 patients were included in the study. Axillary body temperature in the first and second days showed a statistically significant relationship with mortality and GCS. Lower body temperature was led to an increase in mortality, less GCS and systolic blood pressure. Conclusion: Our results show that axillary body temperature in the first day of multiple trauma patients can be a reliable indicator of their final outcome. Patients with higher body temperature will experience better outcome than those with lower body temperature.

Topic: Thermal Regulation in Medicine
Subfield: Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Novel Phases and Finite-Size Scaling in Two-Species Asymmetric Diffusive Processes

We study a stochastic lattice gas of particles undergoing asymmetric\ndiffusion in two dimensions. Transitions between a low-density uniform phase\nand high-density non-uniform phases characterized by localized or extended\nstructure are found. We develop a mean-field theory which relates\ncoarse-grained parameters to microscopic ones. Detailed predictions for\nfinite-size ($L$) scaling and density profiles agree excellently with\nsimulations. Unusual large-$L$ behavior of the transition point parallel to\nthat of self-organized sandpile models is found.\n

Topic: Theoretical and Computational Physics
Subfield: Condensed Matter Physics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>6</sub> Dehydrogenation and Electrical Power Production in a Protonic Conducting Fuel Cell with in-Situ Exsolved Metal Nanoparticle Catalyst

In situ exsolution of metal nanoparticles on perovskite framework has been successfully synthesized by reducing the porous precursor SrFe 0.55 Ni 0.2 Mo 0.25 O 3− d (SFMN) in a 5% H 2 /Ar at 800 °C. Such kind of exsolution not only forms a strong interface between metal nanoparticles and perovskite backbones, but also leads to an increase of oxygen vacancy content in perovskite structure, which will be beneficial to the electrical conduction and catalytic activity towards the oxidations of H 2 and C 2 H 6 . The BaCe 0.4 Zr 0.4 Y 0.1 Yb 0.1 O 3 − δ electrolyte-supported proton-conducting single cells have been fabricated using the exsolved metal nanoparticle/oxide fuel electrode catalyst, achieving a maximum output power density of 119.7 mW cm − 2 in H 2 and 79.3 mW cm − 2 in C 2 H 6 at 700 °C. Gas compositions using the catalyst in C 2 H 6 have been analyzed using gas chromatography at open circle voltage, demonstrating a C 2 H 4 yield of 1.7% at 700 °C. The promising dehydrogenation activity for C 2 H 6 to C 2 H 4 together with the good electrochemical performance shows this newly developed material may be a potential catalyst for the cogeneration of electrical power and ethylene.

Topic: Advancements in Solid Oxide Fuel Cells
Subfield: Materials Chemistry
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Micromachined Three-Axis Accelerometers and Sensor Readout Electronics

Miniaturized, MEMS-based, inertial navigation systems are used to track the position of moving objects without an external reference system. Several existing and future applications such as indoor navigation, stability control of vehicles, active prostheses or training aids for sportsmen would benefit from the small size and the low cost of micromachined inertial sensors. The system performance depends on the performance of the inertial components, gyroscopes and accelerometers. Today true navigation with MEMS components is limited to short time periods, typically less than a minute. This thesis focuses on the development of better performing MEMS accelerometers and gyroscopes. &lt;p&gt;The design, fabrication and characterisation of micromachined three-axis accelerometers are described. These accelerometers are batch fabricated using silicon technology suitable for low-cost mass production. In contrast to most other monolithic silicon accelerometers slanted-beam accelerometers inherently show direction independent resolution and frequency response. Analytical models are presented that accurately model the sensitivity and the frequency response of the devices from the device geometry, the surrounding atmosphere and the readout circuitry. Different fabrication processes using bulk micromachining are proposed. Measurements on fabricated accelerometers over a wide range of temperatures, pressures and shaking conditions verify the models and demonstrate proper operation for both DC and AC measurements. These accelerometers are a promising alternative for future inertial navigation applications. &lt;p&gt;Switched electronic circuits for sensor readout implemented in CMOS processes are proposed and verified. First, a capacitive readout circuit that is suitable for sensors with multiple capacitors connected to a common node, like the three axis accelerometer, is investigated. It is easy to implement since the need of fully differential amplifiers is eliminated. Second, a circuit for resonance frequency readout is investigated that eliminates crosstalk from the excitation signal to the detection circuit. &lt;p&gt;Digital implementation of traditionally analogue parts of sensor systems is proposed. The digital technology is more flexible and allows more complex algorithms to be used. Gyroscope systems with digital excitation and detection loops as well as digital demodulation of the rate signal are demonstrated. Compared to previous analogue implementations these gyroscope systems show more stable rate signals since the low frequency noise from analogue circuits is avoided.

Topic: Inertial Sensor and Navigation
Subfield: Aerospace Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Service delivery for collection of solid municipal waste in the individual households in Ukraine

The technology of agricultural production is one of the reasons of environmental problems in rural areas. Environmental problems are intensified because of accumulation of waste and usage of non-ecological methods for its recycling. The purpose of this publication is the formation of a clear organizational mechanism that is able to solve the environmental problems of the individual households. The abstract-logical and interview methods were used. During the scientific research the main environmental problems of individual households are determined. The influence of agricultural production technologies on the environment is developed. The recommendations to use the methods of collection the solid municipal waste in rural areas as a form to solve the problems of ecodeconstructive waste treatment are given.

Topic: Economic and Business Development Strategies
Subfield: Economics and Econometrics
Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance
Domain: Social Sciences