jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN TOURISM &amp; HOSPITALITY – THE PERCEPTION OF TOURISTS AND TOURISM COMPANIES IN ROMANIA

In a world where everyday life is directly influenced and focused on the use of technology as a support for individual and professional daily activity, we are all witnessing an increasingly obvious change in human interaction; we all notice how interpersonal interaction is rapidly being replaced by new technologies, solutions and application such as IoT and AI and which are going to completely change the perspective on human life so far. From this perspective and in the conditions of the ongoing pandemic, the present study focused on identifying the changes brought by AI solutions and applications in some of the most flexible and adaptable industries such as tourism and hospitality; in order to obtain a more complete picture, the study was oriented in a double perspective, namely the offer from the tourism &amp; hospitality industry, on the one hand and the tourists, on the other hand; regarding the offer from tourism and hospitality, the study used both primary and secondary information, to visualize an image of the existing AI solutions/applications and adopted by the companies in these industries; For the category of tourists, knowing the generational difference regarding the new technologies from the perspective of the level of acceptance and their use, the study aimed at identifying generational profiles regarding the acceptance and use of AI applications in the tourist experience. We consider that the results of the study can be an important support for conducting more complex and comparative studies, related to the use of new technologies that obviously change the development of human society. JEL classification: L86, M15, L83

Topic: Digital Marketing and Social Media
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Synthesis and Testing of Catalysts for the Production of Maleic Anhydride from a Fermentation Feedstock

It is necessary to develop alternate pathways for the production of chemicals that are traditionally produced from fossil fuels to reduce our dependency on nonrenewable energy sources. In this paper, an alternate technology is presented for producing maleic anhydride from a fermentation feedstock. The process involves the catalytic oxydehydrogenation of fermentation-derived succinic anhydride to produce maleic anhydride. Various catalysts have been synthesized and tested for the oxydehydrogenation reaction. Iron phosphate based catalysts are found to be the best on the basis of high conversions and selectivities obtained. The effects of temperature, oxygen concentration, contact time, and the total time on stream on the performance of the catalyst are investigated, and an optimum set of conditions for the operation of the bench-scale reactor is presented. The bulk and surface compositions, the surface areas, and the bulk crystallographic structure of the catalysts are also reported.

Topic: Catalysis and Hydrodesulfurization Studies
Subfield: Mechanical Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Post-depositional reddening of late Quaternary coastal dune sands, north-eastern Australia

Summary Deeply weathered quartz sand dunes of late Quaternary age occur at Cape Bedford and Cape Flattery on the seasonally humid tropical east coast of North Queensland, Australia. Many dunes have deep podzolic profiles with reddened B horizons up to 8 m thick. The red colour is produced by iron oxides and hydroxides which, together with kaolinite and minor gibbsite, form interstitial matrix and cutans on quartz grains. The red sands are generally uncemented, but nodular ironstone layers are present in some sections. Radiocarbon dating has shown that one red podzol profile near Cape Flattery has formed in the last 7500 C-14 years. Progressive podzolization has removed much of the iron pigment from the oldest dunes in the area, which are &gt;48 000 C-14 years old. These dunes are degraded and contain subsurface horizons which are cemented by humate.

Topic: Geological formations and processes
Subfield: Earth-Surface Processes
Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences
Domain: Physical Sciences
HEPATOPROTECTIVE EFFECT OF ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF CURCUMA LONGA LINN ON ANTITUBERCULAR DRUGS INDUCED HEPATOTOXICITY IN ALBINO RATS

Objective: The aim of this study was to screen the hepatoprotective effect of ethanolic extract of Curcuma longa on antitubercular drugs induced hepatotoxicity in rats.Methods: Hepatotoxicity was induced by a combination of three antitubercular drugs [isoniazid (I) 7.5mg/kg, Rifampin (R) 10 mg/kg and Pyrazinamide (P) 35mg/kg] given orally as a suspension for 30 days in rats.95% ethanolic extract of Curcuma longa (500mg/kg) was given orally for 30 days.The hepatoprotective activity was assessed using various biochemical parameters like SGOT, SGPT, ALP, Total bilirubin, unconjugated bilirubin, and total protein.At the end of study histological examinations were also carried out.Results: Treatment with Curcuma longa significantly (P<0.05-P<0.001)prevented the drug-induced an increase in serum levels of hepatic enzymes.Histopathology of liver tissue showed that Curcuma longa preserved the normal hepatic cell architecture.Conclusion: The results of this study indicate the protective effect of Curcuma longa against liver injury which may be attributed to its hepatoprotective activity, and thereby scientifically support its traditional uses.

Topic: Hibiscus Plant Research Studies
Subfield: Pharmacology
Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics
Domain: Life Sciences
Enhancing resistance to bacterial blight in rice using CRISPR-based base editing technology

Bacterial blight (BB), caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pathovar oryzae (Xoo), poses a significant threat to rice production, particularly in Asia and West Africa. Breeding resistance against BB in elite rice varieties is crucial to advancing rice breeding program and supporting smallholder farmers. Transcription Activator-Like effectors (TALes) are key virulence factors in Xoo, with some targeting the susceptibility (S) genes such as the sugar transporter SWEET genes in rice. Among these, SWEET14 is an important S gene, with its promoter bound by the TALe TalC which exists across all sequenced African Xoo isolates. In the present study, we utilized CRISPR/Cas9-based cytidine and adenine base editors to alter the effector binding element (EBE) of TalC in the promoter of SWEET14 in rice cultivars Kitaake, IR24, and Zhonghua 11. Mutations with C to T changes in EBE led to reduced SWEET14 induction by TalC-containing Xoo strains, resulting in resistance to African Xoo isolates reliant on TalC for virulence. Conversely, A to G changes retained SWEET14 inducibility and susceptibility to Xoo in edited lines. Importantly, no off-target mutations were detected at predicted sites, and the edited lines exhibited no obvious defects in major agronomic traits in Kitaake. These results underscore the effectiveness of base editing systems for both molecular biology research and crop improvement endeavors.

Topic: Plant Virus Research Studies
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Validation of the <scp>OMRON</scp> M3500 Blood Pressure Measuring Device Using Normal‐ and High‐Speed Modes in Adult and Specific Populations (Obese and Children) According to <scp>AAMI</scp> Protocol

The present study aimed to validate the accuracy of blood pressure ( BP ) measurements of the OMRON M3500 automatic oscillometric BP device by using normal‐ and high‐speed modes in adult and specific populations (obese and children) according to American National Standards Institute/Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation ( AAMI )/International Organization for Standardization/81060‐2:2009 protocol. The validation was performed in 135 patients: 100 adults and 35 children (aged 3–12 years). The results showed a mean error of the individual paired determinations of the OMRON device and mercury sphygmomanometers within values of criterion 1 (5±8 mm Hg). Analysis of the averaged paired determinations per subject of the OMRON device and standard mercury sphygmomanometer fit within the acceptable ranges of criterion 2 (&lt;6.71 systolic BP and &lt;5.77 diastolic BP ). Readings of the OMRON M3500 BP device fulfill criteria 1 and 2 of the AAMI protocol in both speed modes.

Topic: Blood Pressure and Hypertension Studies
Subfield: Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Fast Multi-Group Gaussian Process Factor Models

Gaussian processes are now commonly used in dimensionality reduction approaches tailored to neuroscience, especially to describe changes in high-dimensional neural activity over time. As recording capabilities expand to include neuronal populations across multiple brain areas, cortical layers, and cell types, interest in extending Gaussian process factor models to characterize multi-population interactions has grown. However, the cubic runtime scaling of current methods with the length of experimental trials and the number of recorded populations (groups) precludes their application to large-scale multi-population recordings. Here, we improve this scaling from cubic to linear in both trial length and group number. We present two approximate approaches to fitting multi-group Gaussian process factor models based on (1) inducing variables and (2) the frequency domain. Empirically, both methods achieved orders of magnitude speed-up with minimal impact on statistical performance, in simulation and on neural recordings of hundreds of neurons across three brain areas. The frequency domain approach, in particular, consistently provided the greatest runtime benefits with the fewest trade-offs in statistical performance. We further characterize the estimation biases introduced by the frequency domain approach and demonstrate effective strategies to mitigate them. This work enables a powerful class of analysis techniques to keep pace with the growing scale of multi-population recordings, opening new avenues for exploring brain function.

Topic: Gaussian Processes and Bayesian Inference
Subfield: Artificial Intelligence
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Rain Showers Dampen Solar Centimetric Radio Waves

Robert W. Wilson of Bell Labs, Holmdel, is making measurements to see whether the useful radio spectrum for satellite and space-probe communications can be extended to frequencies up to 30 GHz; the aim is to determine the effect of weather (particularly rain) on these high-frequency signals. The sun is a convenient extraterrestrial radio source for these experiments; so Wilson has made a sun tracker that records solar emission at 16 and 30 GHz.

Topic: Spacecraft Design and Technology
Subfield: Aerospace Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Envisioning Collaboration: Group Verbal-Visual Composing in a System of Creativity (Cross, G.A.; 2011) [Book Review]

In this text, the author investigates the creative processes between authors and authors. The author states that he is interested in verbal-visual collaboration because the increased visual nature of communication necessitates the collaboration between those specializing in visual communication and those specializing in verbal communication. This work will be of particular interest to theorists as well as instructors in graphic design, professional communication, as well as rhetoric and composition and those studying ethnographic methodologies.

Topic: Design Education and Practice
Subfield: Mechanical Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Solid-State Spectral Transmissometer And Radiometer

An in situ instrument designed to measure the spectral attenuation coefficient of seawater and the ocean remote-sensing reflectance from 400 to 750 nm is in the test and development stage. It employs a 256 channel, charge-coupled type of linear array measuring the spectral intensities diffracted by a grating. Examples of the types of data delivered by this instrument have been simulated using a breadboard laboratory instrument and an above-water, solid-state radiometer. Algorithms developed using data from these instruments provide measures of chlorophyll a plus phaeophytin a concentrations from less than 0.1 to 77.0 mg/m3, gelbstoff spectral absorption coefficients, and detrital spectral backscattering coefficients for waters of the west Florida shelf.

Topic: Water Quality Monitoring and Analysis
Subfield: Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Investigating the Influence of Flexible Work Arrangements on Work-Life Balance in South Asian Gig Workers: Does Ryff's Six-Factor model of Psychological Well-being Moderates?

Remote work endows with flexibility, and this flexibility makes or breaks work-life balance. This research establishes the association of flexible work arrangements with the work-life balance of gig workers. Besides, the moderation of Ryff's six-factor psychological well-being model is also investigated. The quantitative research method was used to collect data via an adapted questionnaire. The target population was the freelancers of selected five Facebook groups. SPSS-21 was used for descriptive and inferential statistics. For moderation, Peacher's and Hayes' process macro was performed. Data were collected from 384 respondents. After pilot testing, We performed data screening and data normality. Later, descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation, and correlation) and inferential statistics (hypotheses testing through regression) were performed. Flexible work arrangements have a direct and significant influence on work-life balance. The moderating role of Ryff's six-factor model of psychological well-being is not established. This research endows valuable recommendations to the gig economy and other home-shored businesses/organizations to provide flexible work arrangements during the COVID pandemic, so that they could balance their work and life responsibilities. The policy implications are provided in detail in the respective section. This study is unique as the gig sector is less explored in the South Asian context.

Topic: Digital Economy and Work Transformation
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Accelerated Degradation of DiXyl-α,ε-Lys-ARP via Interaction between Extra-Added Xylose and Monosubstituted Lys-ARPs during Maillard Reaction

Lysine (Lys) is capable of forming a di-substituted Amadori rearrangement product (ARP) with xylose (Xyl), designated as diXyl-α,ε-Lys-ARP. DiXyl-α,ε-Lys-ARP degradation was characterized by two steps: Initially, Xyl-α- and Xyl-ε-Lys-ARP were formed through elimination or hydrolysis at specific <i>N</i>α/<i>N</i>ε positions of the corresponding enol and imine intermediates, which were then further degraded to dicarbonyl compounds and regenerated Lys. Xyl-α- or Xyl-ε-Lys-ARP had a reactive free amino group (ε-NH<sub>2</sub> or α-NH<sub>2</sub>), both of which were still highly reactive and able to undergo further reactions with Xyl. Therefore, the diXyl-α,ε-Lys-ARP/Xyl model system was established to explore the impact of extra-added Xyl on diXyl-α,ε-Lys-ARP degradation behavior. Extra-added Xyl remarkably affected the degradation pathway of diXyl-α,ε-Lys-ARP by capturing the Xyl-α- and Xyl-ε-Lys-ARP to regenerate diXyl-α,ε-Lys-ARP. This interaction between Xyl and mono-substituted Lys-ARPs promoted the shift of chemical equilibrium toward the degradation of diXyl-α,ε-Lys-ARP, thereby accelerating its degradation rate. This degradation was markedly facilitated by the elevated temperature and pH values. Interestingly, the yield of Xyl-α- and Xyl-ε-Lys-ARP was particularly dependent on the pH during diXyl-α,ε-Lys-ARP degradation. Xyl-ε-Lys-ARP was the dominant product at pH 5.5-7.5 while Xyl-α-Lys-ARP possessed a relatively higher content under weak alkaline conditions, which was related to the reactivities of the <i>N</i>α/<i>N</i>ε positions under various reaction conditions.

Topic: Advanced Glycation End Products research
Subfield: Clinical Biochemistry
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
The Patient-Centered Medical Home and Nephrology

The notion of a patient-centered medical home (PCMH) is rapidly gaining traction as the latest idea to transform health care delivery in the United States. In broad terms, PCMH is “a physician-directed practice that provides care that is accessible, continuous, comprehensive and coordinated and

Topic: Primary Care and Health Outcomes
Subfield: General Health Professions
Field: Health Professions
Domain: Health Sciences
Metabolite Analysis Allows Insight into the Differences in Functionality of 25 <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> Strains in Bread Dough Fermentation

During dough fermentation, yeast ( Saccharomyces cerevisiae ) changes the physical properties of the dough matrix. In this study, we investigate if different yeast strains have an impact on dough rheology and on the gas holding capacity of fermenting dough. Furthermore, we analyze whether observed differences are linked to the metabolite profiles of the yeast strains. More specifically, the impact of 25 yeast strains on dough spread, dough fermentation properties, and dough metabolite profile was analyzed. Our results demonstrate large differences in the fermentation ability and metabolite profile of the 25 strains. Analysis of metabolites in fermented dough confirmed that acetic acid and succinic acid are likely responsible for the lowering of dough pH during fermentation and that the onset of CO 2 release from dough is related to dough pH rather than to the volume of CO 2 within the dough. Our results further suggest that the spread test is an inadequate tool to quantify rheological differences observed for strains with different fermentation profiles.

Topic: Fermentation and Sensory Analysis
Subfield: Food Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Combination of cross polarization and dynamic nuclear polarization to enhance 6Li signals

The combination of cross polarization (CP) with dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) can lead to very high polarization levels of low-gamma nuclei like 13 C or 6 Li on a short timescale, since the build-up of proton polarization is rapid [1]. After dissolution, long spin-lattice relaxation times T 1 (up to several minutes) make 6 Li suitable for dissolution DNP, either in-vitro or in-vivo [2], possibly in view of improving the understanding of psychiatric treatments [3]. By multiple repetitions of adiabatic CP [4] at 4.2 K using a home-built 1 H- 6 Li double resonance CP-DNP probe, it is possible to pump polarization from proton spins polarized by DNP to 6 Li spins in a sample of 2 M lithium acetate in a 1:1 (v:v) mixture of D 2 O and deuterated ethanol doped with 50 mM TEMPO. [1] Sami Jannin, Aurelien Bornet, Sonia Colombo, and Geoffrey Bodenhausen, Chem. Phys. Lett. 2011 , 517, 234. [2] Ruud B. van Heeswijk, Kai Uffmann, Arnaud Comment, Fiodor Kurdzesau, Chiara Perazzolo, Cristina Cudalbu, Sami Jannin, Jacobus A. Konter, Patrick Hautle, Ben van den Brandt, Gil Navon, Jacques J. van der Klink, and Rolf Gruetter. Magn Reson Med. 2009 61, 1489–1493. [3] Cade JF. Med J Aust. 1949 2, 349–352. [4] AJ Perez Linde, “Application of cross polarization techniques to Dynamic Nuclear  Polarization dissolution experiments”. Nottingham e-thesis (2010).

Topic: Advanced NMR Techniques and Applications
Subfield: Spectroscopy
Field: Chemistry
Domain: Physical Sciences
Nucleophilic Substitution of Aliphatic Fluorides via Pseudohalide Intermediates

Abstract A method for aliphatic fluoride functionalization with a variety of nucleophiles has been reported. Carbon–fluoride bond cleavage is thermodynamically driven by the use of silylated pseudohalides TMS‐OMs or TMS‐NTf 2 , resulting in the formation of TMS‐F and a trapped aliphatic pseudohalide intermediate. The rate of fluoride/pseudohalide exchange and the stability of this intermediate are such that little rearrangement is observed for terminal fluoride positions in linear aliphatic fluorides. The ability to convert organofluoride positions into pseudohalide groups allows facile nucleophilic attack by a wide range of nucleophiles. The late introduction of the nucleophiles also allows for a wide range of functional‐group tolerance in the coupling partners. Selective alkyl fluoride mesylation is observed in the presence of other alkyl halides, allowing for orthogonal synthetic strategies.

Topic: Fluorine in Organic Chemistry
Subfield: Pharmaceutical Science
Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics
Domain: Life Sciences
Incorporating Information Technology into Accounting and Finance Higher Education Curricula in Greece

Changes in world economy caused by globalization, the requirements for transparent financial information reporting accentuated by the economic crisis and the emergence of ethics and corporate responsibility as a vital integral component of business conduct and of information as a critical resource have posed significant new challenges on accounting and finance professionals. Aiming to address these challenges, the accounting profession looked at Information Technology (IT), which evolves and advances with an ever increasing pace, as a crucial facilitator. Today, modern IT systems enable accountants to have real time access to more and new types of information. New technologies with extraordinary analytical capacity, created a situation where voluminous data can be collected, processed and presented in ways and at times that could not even be imagined in the past. These developments necessitated the extension of the accountants' role, regarding IT systems, from plain users to managers, designers and evaluators. Consequently, IT became one of the core required skills of modern accounting and finance professionals. This had to be mapped onto the accounting and finance higher education curricula, whose IT content has been constantly under a close inspection and revision by educators, professionals and national and international accounting bodies, over the past years. However, despite the fact that several attempts have been reported to develop a standard, the current situation shows that there are plenty of diverse approaches to incorporate IT into accounting and finance curricula and that we are far from reaching a widely accepted consensus. The present study presents a charting of the IT content of accounting and finance curricula offered in Greek higher education institutes, as part of a research project aiming to investigate the compliance of Greek curricula with the emerging trends in Accounting & Finance Education. Information about the curricula was drawn from the websites of all the accounting and/or finance departments of Greek higher education institutes.

Topic: Accounting Education and Careers
Subfield: Accounting
Field: Business, Management and Accounting
Domain: Social Sciences