jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Sleep – A Game Changer in the Athletic World?

The restorative qualities of sleep are fundamentally the basis of the individual athlete’s ability to recover and perform, and to optimally be able to challenge and control the effects of exercise regimes in high performance sport. Research consistently shows that a large percentage of the population fails to obtain the recommended 7–9 hours of sleep per night [17]. Moreover, recent years’ research has found that athletes have a high prevalence of poor sleep quality [6]. Given its implications on the recovery process, sleep affects the quality of the athlete’s training and outcome of competitions. Although an increasing number of recovery aids (such as cold baths, anti-inflammatory agents, high protein intake etc.) are available, recent years research show the important and irreplaceable role of sleep and that no recovery method can compensate for the lack of sleep. Every facet of an athlete’s life has the capacity to either create or take out energy, contribute to the overall stress level and subsequently the level of both recovery and performance. While traditional approaches to performance optimization focus simply on the physical stressors, this overview will highlight the benefits and the basic principles of sleep, its relation to recovery and performance, and provide input and reflect on what to consider when working with development and maintenance of athletic performance.

Topic: Sports Performance and Training
Subfield: Orthopedics and Sports Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Efficiency Enhancement of an Unstructured CFD-Code on Distributed Computing Systems

In this paper we describe several improvements with respect to parallel efficiency and scalar performance of unstructured CFD-Codes. The optimizations are genericin the sense that they are applicable to any CFD-Code which works on unstructured grids. The code modifications were sucessively introduced in the DLR TAU-Code and the results of the optimizations are demonstrated on two different aircraft configurations. We give an outlook of further improvements with respect to upcoming multicore computing architectures.

Topic: Distributed and Parallel Computing Systems
Subfield: Computer Networks and Communications
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Supplementing Language Therapy

In order to provide the best treatment for the language-handicapped child, the school speech-language pathologist and the classroom teacher must work together as members of the educational team. While teachers often ask what they might do to help a child with a language disorder in the classroom, the nature of the setting makes this a particularly challenging task. This article provides specific ideas and activities that the speech-language pathologist might suggest to the classroom teacher in dealing with the language-handicapped child. Suggestions include ways of improving the linguistic interaction between teacher and child, as well as specific activities that may be used in the classroom to facilitate language learning.

Topic: Language Development and Disorders
Subfield: Developmental and Educational Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
HADIS SA’AD IBN ABI WAQASH TENTANG WASIAT SEPERTIGA HARTA KEKAYAAN

This article deals with portion of inheritance in Islamic law (syari’ah). Portion of inheritance intended in it is that occurs in the case of Sa’ad Abi Waqash who wishes to inherit his whole property. For this purpose, he conveys his willingness to the Messenger in order that he can get legitimization. However, the prophet rejects his willingness to inherit his whole property but permits him to inherit one-third of it Kata Kunci: Wasiat, Harta Kekayaan, Sa’ad bin Abi Waqash

Topic: Marriage and Family Dynamics
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Learning behaviors across levels in new ventures and innovation outcomes

This study examines how learning behaviors in new ventures lead to innovation. Mediation analysis of the relationships between individual co-founders’ learning behaviors, firm-level exploration/exploitation learning activities, and innovation suggests a complex view about how firm-level knowledge emerges. The results show that individual learning behaviors of entrepreneurs impact firm-level exploratory and exploitative learning activities, and indirectly affect firm innovation. Co-founder trust strongly predicts entrepreneurial learning activities and firm-level learning activities. Unexpectedly, co-founder experience heterogeneity reflecting prior knowledge has mixed effects on learning behaviors and innovation activities. The research draws on technology entrepreneurs who started their firms with trusted co-founders.

Topic: Entrepreneurship Studies and Influences
Subfield: Management of Technology and Innovation
Field: Business, Management and Accounting
Domain: Social Sciences
Pediatric bilateral benign vocal fold lesions (Fujiki, 2022)

<strong>Purpose: </strong>This study describes a clinical case of benign bilateral vocal fold lesions in a 4-year-old boy. Acoustic, aerodynamic, auditory-perceptual, and stroboscopic evaluations are described, and the outcomes of intervention are reported. <strong>Method:</strong> Methodology for acoustic, aerodynamic, auditory-perceptual, and stroboscopic data collection and analysis are described. <strong>Results/Conclusions: </strong>This patient presented to the clinic with bilateral vocal fold lesions resulting in moderate dysphonia characterized by breathiness, roughness, and vocal strain. Acoustic measures supported auditory-perceptual assessment indicating that vocal quality was moderately dysphonic, and aerodynamic measures suggested vocal hyperfunction. Stroboscopic evaluation was limited due to patient’s age; however, reduced vocal fold oscillation and hourglass glottic closure were observed. Therapeutic probes indicated that the patient was a good candidate for voice therapy, and a course of six sessions was completed. Repeat evaluation indicated improvements in auditory-perceptual and acoustic voice measures. <strong>Supplemental Material S1.</strong> Baseline recording of sustained vowels. <strong>Supplemental Material S2.</strong> Baseline recording of CAPE-V sentences and spontaneous speech. <strong>Supplemental Material S3.</strong> Baseline halogen and stroboscopic exam. <strong>Supplemental Material S4.</strong> Posttherapy recording of CAPE-V sentences. <strong>Supplemental Material S5.</strong> Posttherapy halogen and stroboscopic exam. Fujiki, R. B. (2022). Clinical case study: Pediatric bilateral benign vocal fold lesions.<em> Perspectives of the ASHA Special Interest Groups</em>. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1044/2022_PERSP-22-00150 Publisher Note: This article is part of the Forum: Case Studies in Pediatric Voice.

Topic: Microbial infections and disease research
Subfield: Microbiology
Field: Immunology and Microbiology
Domain: Life Sciences
Feasibility of developing a Twitter journal club for hematology/oncology education.

11004 Background: Medical trainees are increasingly utilizing social media platforms for professional development, networking and education. Twitter chats (TC) are a growing tool to engage health professionals in virtual multi-institutional, cross-discipline discussions. A meta-analysis of Twitter as a tool in residency education demonstrated high rates of satisfaction and concept retention. Despite rapid uptake, few studies address needs for social media use and implementation in graduate medical education. Methods: We created a Twitter account (@HOjournalclub) and registered a certified hashtag (#HOJournalClub) with healthcare symplur. For each monthly TC, a specific tumor type and relevant publication was selected. This information was disseminated and amplified to reach trainees on Twitter. A content expert was invited to each TC to provide additional commentary. During TCs, participants answer questions based on domains of critical journal appraisal. Qualitative and quantitative analysis was performed. Basic demographics and tracked hashtag use to measure impressions, participants, and tweets per TC were gathered. Responses were collated and general themes were assessed. Participants were surveyed on ease of participation, article accessibility, and prior use of social media for education. Results: Since inception, @HOJournalClub has grown to &gt;650 followers. Most are US-based (83%) medical trainees or healthcare professionals. Additional followers are in South America, Africa, UK, Europe, Middle East, India, East Asia and Australia. Gender is evenly distributed (51% male, 49% female.) Five #HOJournalClub chats have been held to date. Each attracted a mean of 30 participants, generating a mean of 217 tweets. Chats garnered a mean of 270,000 impressions (221,000-319,000) in the 48h after TC. Most participants accessed the chat in real time, with a small subset responding at alternate times. This asynchronous use has enhanced international participation. In post-TC surveys, majority of respondents report being new (48%) or sporadic (48%) users of TCs. Survey participants reported TC participation increased interaction with others in the field, improved literature appraisal skills and led to changes in clinical practice. Conclusions: Implementation of a Twitter-based journal club is feasible and attracts participation from trainees, promoting engagement and networking. It represents a novel educational tool for engagement in multi-institutional, multi-national and cross-discipline discussion of relevant hematology/oncology literature.

Topic: Social Media in Health Education
Subfield: Health
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Prevention and treatment of the common cold: making sense of the evidence

The common cold is an acute, self-limiting viral infection of the upper respiratory tract involving the nose, sinuses, pharynx and larynx. The virus is spread by hand contact with secretions from an infected person (direct or indirect) or aerosol of the secretions and virus.[1][1] The incubation

Topic: Respiratory and Cough-Related Research
Subfield: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Alexander Disease: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

Alexander disease (AD) is a rare progressive lethal leukodystrophy usually affecting infants and characterized by progressive failure of central myelination and accumulation of Rosenthal fibers (RFs) in astrocytes. Despite strong male predilection and infrequency of involved siblings, an autosomal recessive mode of inheritance is presumed. We report a typical case of infantile AD with imaging studies, a complete autopsy, and a critical literature review. Recent studies of AD have identified several stress proteins plus glial fibrillary protein as major constituents of RFs but have not clarified the basic defect. Advances in understanding of astrocyte function suggest an important role in the process of myelination that may be interrupted in AD. The nosology of putative juvenile-onset and adult-onset examples continues to be uncertain.

Topic: RNA regulation and disease
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
A new species of the Chaleponcus dabagaensis - group from Mount Rungwe, Tanzania-support for an extended concept of the Eastern Arc Mountains (Diplopoda, Spirostreptida, Odontopygidae)

This dataset contains the digitized treatments in Plazi based on the original journal article Enghoff, Henrik (2017): A new species of the Chaleponcus dabagaensis - group from Mount Rungwe, Tanzania-support for an extended concept of the Eastern Arc Mountains (Diplopoda, Spirostreptida, Odontopygidae). Zootaxa 4353 (2): 389-392, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4353.2.11

Topic: Spider Taxonomy and Behavior Studies
Subfield: Genetics
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Spherical torus experiment (STX)

The principal engineering features of the proposed Spherical Torus Experiment (STX) are described. Design is dominated by the small bore available for the ohmic heating (OH) solenoid and structural considerations for a situation in which B/sub p/ is approximately equal to B/sub t/. Unique features of a spherical torus plasma include large elongations without shaping fields; an exceptionally high ratio of plasma current to toroidal field, giving the potential for stability at very high beta; strong paramagnetism; and a variety of configurations, ranging from tokamak (q/sub a/) to revised-field pinch (RFP) (q/sub a/ &lt; 1). Access to this regime requires aspect ratios less than 2. A feasibility study has been done for a beam-heated device with A = 1.67, R0 = 0.45, and K = 2. 3 refs., 9 figs.

Topic: Magnetic confinement fusion research
Subfield: Nuclear and High Energy Physics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
QUANTIFICATION ANDMONITORING OF CONTAMINANT MASS FLUXES IN HETEROGENEOUS SUBSURFACE MEDIA Objectives

1) Single-well tracer technique FVPDM Temporal and spatial variability of groundwater contaminantplumes are so important that they can not be investigated byconventional approaches (essentially based on pollutant concentrations monitored in wells). Characterization and risk assessment concepts should rather be based on contaminant flux measurements which are able to evaluate effectively and quantitatively the risk of contaminant dispersion. This requires (1) the interception of the entire groundwater flow section of the pollutant plume with a control panel; (2) the ability to measure and calculate accurately groundwater fluxes and contaminant concentrations and (3) the repetition of the measurement to bring out the spatial and the temporal variation of contaminant fluxes. The aim of this research project is to develop an approach and operational devices for the measurement and monitoring of pollutant fluxes and their variability with time and space, at the scale of contaminated site. This approach is based on the combination of the “Finite Volume Point Dilution Method ” with passive sampling techniques, integrated at the scale of a control panel. 3) Integrated PS-FVPDM to contaminant mass flux monitoring on control panel

Topic: Groundwater flow and contamination studies
Subfield: Environmental Engineering
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Effect of erythrocyte deformability on myocardial hematocrit gradient

Myocardial hematocrit gradient was determined between epicardium and endocardium of the left ventricular wall in rat heart under the influence of erythrocyte deformability alterations. Hematocrit determinations were performed by measuring two different radionuclides labeling plasma (125I-labeled albumin) and erythrocytes (99mTc) in 100-microns-thick left ventricular myocardium slices. Myocardial hematocrit gradient calculated after exchange transfusions with partially hardened red blood cell suspensions was compared with the results of the control group, in which the exchange transfusions were done using normal, hematocrit-matched blood. In the control group, the hematocrit value in the myocardium adjacent to epicardium was 0.331 +/- 0.076 l/l and decreased to 0.232 +/- 0.054 l/l near the endocardium. Myocardial hematocrit between these two was represented by a linear gradient. In the group with impaired erythrocyte deformability, the hematocrit value was 0.359 +/- 0.074 l/l in the epicardial myocardium and remained at 0.341 +/- 0.082 l/l in the endocardial layer. These results indicate that tissue hematocrit gradient in the left ventricular myocardium may be disturbed if erythrocyte deformability is altered.

Topic: Blood properties and coagulation
Subfield: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Deletions in the hypervariable domain of the nsP3 gene attenuate Semliki Forest virus virulence

Major virulence determinants of Semliki Forest virus (SFV) lie within the non-structural genes that form the replicase complex proteins. Gene exchange between virulent and avirulent viruses has shown that the nsP3 gene, which has essential 5′ conserved domains and a non-essential hypervariable 3′ domain, is one of the virulence determinants. This protein plays a role in subgenomic 26S and negative-strand RNA synthesis and is thought to function with nsP1 to anchor replication complexes to cell membrane structures. Studies to date have focused on analysing the effect of mutational changes spread over the whole gene on virulence of the virus. The virulent SFV4 virus, derived from an infectious clone, was utilized to analyse the effect on virulence of large deletions in the hypervariable domain of nsP3. Two viruses with different in-frame deletions that spanned this domain showed reduced rates of RNA synthesis and multiplication in cell culture. In adult BALB/c mice, these viruses were avirulent after intramuscular and intraperitoneal inoculation, and brains sampled from infected mice showed minimal or no evidence of pathology. These deleted viruses had greatly reduced virulence when administered by the intranasal route and brains from infected mice showed lesions that were much less severe than those seen in SFV4 infection. Mice surviving infection with the deleted viruses resisted challenge with the virulent L10 strain, indicating induction of protective immunity. This work establishes that deletions in the nsP3 hypervariable domain attenuate virulence after peripheral inoculation and also reduce virulence after intranasal inoculation.

Topic: Mosquito-borne diseases and control
Subfield: Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
The Legal Understanding of Slavery: From the Historical to the Contemporary

Bellagio-Harvard Guidelines on the Legal Parameters of Slavery Introduction SECTION 1: HISTORICAL READINGS OF THE LAW OF SLAVERY 1. The Nature of Slavery 2. The Law of Slavery in European ius commune 3. Definition and Conceptions of Slave Ownership in Islamic Law 4. The Definition of Slavery in Eighteenth-Century Thinking: Not the True Roman Slavery 5. From Consensus to Consensus: Slavery in International Law SECTION 2: THE AMERICAN EXPERIENCE: BLURRED BOUNDARIES OF SLAVERY 6. Slavery in the United States: Persons or Property?, 7. To Indent Oneself: Ownership, Contracts, and Consent in Antebellum Illinois 8. Under Color of Law: Siliadin v. France and the Dynamics of Enslavement in Historical Perspective 9. The Rise, Persistence, and Slow Decline of Legal Slavery 10. The Abolition of Slavery in the United States: Historical Context and its Contemporary Application SECTION 3: THE 1926 DEFINITION IN CONTEXT 11. The Definition of Slavery into the Twenty-First Century 12. Seeking to Understand the Definition of Slavery 13. The Concept of Property and the Concept of Slavery 14. Defining Slavery in all its Forms: Historical Inquiry as Contemporary Instruction SECTION 4: CONTEMPORARY SLAVERY 15. Slavery in its Contemporary Manifestations 16. Contemporary International Legal Norms on Slavery: Problems of Judicial Interpretation and Application 17. Trafficking, Gender, and Slavery: Past and Present 18. Professor Kevin Bales' Response to Professor Orlando Patterson 19. Professor Patterson Rejoiner: A Response to Professor Kevin Bales APPENDICES 1926 Slavery Convention 1956 Supplementary Convention on the Abolition of Slavery, the Slave Trade, and Institutions and Practices Similar to Slavery

Topic: International Labor and Employment Law
Subfield: Political Science and International Relations
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Two Allusions in the Provisional Title for Samuel Beckett's More Pricks than Kicks

Journal Article Two Allusions in the Provisional Title for Samuel Beckett’s More Pricks than Kicks Get access Cassandra Nelson Cassandra Nelson Harvard University cmnelson@fas.harvard.edu Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Notes and Queries, Volume 57, Issue 2, June 2010, Pages 239–240, https://doi.org/10.1093/notesj/gjq036 Published: 31 March 2010

Topic: Samuel Beckett and Modernism
Subfield: Literature and Literary Theory
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
On the English Learning with NNS-NNS Pair Work Format in "EZ TALK" Program

Since the late 20th century globalization has become a worldwide trend and English is by far the language of choice for international communications. Hence, learning English as a lingua franca (ELF) is a pressing issue for many non-English-speaking countries. In response to this issue the program ”EZ TALK,” pairs international graduate students on campus with domestic college students in an informal setting to engage in casual conversations in English in a NNS-NNS (non native speaker of English) pair work format. It provides the participants with a simulated environment where English is the only way to communicate, and thus encourages participants to practice oral communication skills. The objectives of this study aim to explore the learning attitudes of the participants and to measure the program effectiveness in improving their oral communication skills. Through quantitative research methods this study found that most ”EZ TALK” participants had a clear focus on developing the skills of English listening and speaking when coming into the program, but with certain learning preferences and difficulties. This study also showed that the program was effective as an extracurricular aid in improving the oral communications skill of the participants. Based on the research results, specific suggestions are provided for further improvement of the ”EZ TALK” program design.

Topic: EFL/ESL Teaching and Learning
Subfield: Language and Linguistics
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Systematic investigation of picosecond photoinduced absorption in hydrogenated amorphous silicon

A systematic study of the dependence of picosecond photoinduced absorption (PA) and transmission in hydrogenated amorphous silicon on sample thickness, doping concentration, and excitation intensity has been undertaken. Investigations demonstrated that the picosecond PA decays are not caused by recombination at the sample surface nor by deep trapping. The decays are consistent with thermalization within the band tails and doping-induced band-tail states.

Topic: Thin-Film Transistor Technologies
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Lot-Sizing Decisions in Manufacturer-Retailer Inventory System under Carbon Emissions Reduction

Abstract This paper develops a mathematical model for supply chain inventory system of a manufacturer and a retailer under stochastic demand and carbon reduction policy. The objective of the model is to obtain the decisions regarding inventory management in supply chain system by minimizing the joint total cost. The model contributes to the current stochastic joint lot-sizing literature by allowing the investigation of the impact of carbon cap policy to inventory decisions. The carbon mainly emitted from several activities in the supply chain system, including the production, transportation and storage activities. The regulator, for example the government, uses a carbon cap policy to restrict the amount of emissions generated from the system. As we use strict carbon cap, the carbon emissions generated from the system must not exceed the carbon emission level set by regulator. A list of procedure is proposed to obtain the optimal solutions, which are ordering lot, safety factor, number of shipments and production rate. A numerical instance is provided to show the applicability of the model and to explore the impact of different levels of carbon cap on inventory decisions.

Topic: Sustainable Supply Chain Management
Subfield: Strategy and Management
Field: Business, Management and Accounting
Domain: Social Sciences