jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
A New Rhamphorhynchid Pterosaur (Pterosauria) from the Middle Jurassic Tiaojishan Formation of Western Liaoning, China

Abstract: A new Sordes ‐like pterosaur Jianchangopterus zhaoianus gen. et sp. nov. is erected based on a almost complete skeleton with skull preserved. It is characterized by the following characters: seven and six pairs of upper jaw and lower jaw teeth respectively; the development of a recess on maxilla; the evenness of the dental margin in lateral view; a distinct central ridge along dorsal surface of the mandibular symphysis; wing phalanx 4 with strongly curved shaft approximately 96% the length of the wing phalanx 1. The discovery of a Sordes ‐like pterosaur Jianchangopterus , and other taxa from the same formation indicates that pterosaurs reached great diversities during the Middle to Upper Jurassic period.

Topic: Paleontology and Evolutionary Biology
Subfield: Paleontology
Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences
Domain: Physical Sciences
The Study of Female Fashion Model’s Basic Walking Posture

Perfect walking posture has been of enormous significance for fashion model. Models with good walking postures can convey the fashion design to the audience clearly and further attract them. This paper studied and analyzed the basic walking postures of famous female fashion models by methods of video and image analysis. Through analysis of measurements from videos and images, some basic principles of walking posture were acquired. At last, this paper fabricated a virtual model with a group of standard walking postures in a gait cycle by using 3D software.

Topic: Fashion and Cultural Textiles
Subfield: Museology
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Benthic macroinvertebrate as biological indicator for water quality in Sungai Penchala

Sungai Penchala is one of the main tributaries for Sungai Klang which flows through the urban area of Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur before merging with Sungai Klang in the Petaling Jaya district. As urban river, Sungai Penchala is polluted because of anthropogenic activities and this include direct garbage load, untreated drainage system from nearby residential area and also runoff from frequent heavy rain as the country located in tropical area. Currently, there are efforts from government and educational sectors to monitor and rehabilitate the river with vision to return it into its former natural function and not as a sink for urban population. Unlike pristine or recreational river, the water quality of urban river changes drastically over day even hours. Thus there is need for a procedure that can be used for water quality inspection in time of sampling but also provides reliable information that can resemble past event. Therefore, to do that the river monitoring was carried out by employing the traditional physical-chemical parameter by using Hydrolab Quanta® multi parameter reader. The benthic macroinvertebrate was collected using Surber's sampler and preserved in 95% ethanol for identification purposes. The data collected was analyzed for Water Quality Index (WQI) and Biological Monitoring Working Party (BMWP) to determine the river condition. The system used has its own strength and weakness but when employed together, it is expected to give better knowledge in evaluating river condition. Thus, increase the accuracy of evaluation process. In this study, the biological monitoring shows that changes in water quality influence the diversity of benthic macroinvertebrate. This study prove that biological monitoring by utilizing benthic macroinvertebrate can also be used in determining water quality of urban type river. It is also produced result that more readily interprets as it reveal past event disturbance which sometimes missed by physical-chemical parameters.

Topic: Water Quality Monitoring Technologies
Subfield: Water Science and Technology
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Renal functional reserve capacity before and after living kidney donation

Compensatory gomerular filtration rate (GFR) increase after kidney donation results in a GFR above 50% of the predonation value. The renal functional reserve (RFR) assessed by the renal response to dopamine infusion (RFR dopa ) is considered to reflect functional reserve capacity and is thought to be a tool for living donor screening. However, it is unknown if the RFR dopa predicts long-term kidney function. Between 1984 and 2017, we prospectively measured GFR ( 125 I-iothalamate) and RFR by dopamine infusion in 937 living kidney donors. We performed linear regression analysis of predonation RFR dopa and postdonation GFR. In donors with 5-yr follow-up after donation we assessed the association with long-term GFR. Mean donor age was 52 yr (SD 11); 52% were female. Mean predonation GFR was 114 ml/min (SD 22), GFR dopa was 124 ml/min (SD 24), resulting in an RFR of 9 ml/min (SD 10). Three months postdonation, GFR was 72 ml/min (SD 15) and GFR dopa was 75 ml/min (SD 15), indicating that donors still had RFR dopa [3 ml/min (SD 6), P &lt; 0.001]. Predonation RFR dopa was not associated with predonation GFR [standardized (st.) β −0.009, P = 0.77] but was positively associated with GFR 3 mo after donation (st. β 0.12, P &lt; 0.001). In the subgroup of donors with 5-yr follow-up data ( n = 383), RFR dopa was not associated with GFR at 5 yr postdonation (st. β 0.05, P = 0.35). In conclusion, RFR dopa is a predictor of short-term GFR after living kidney donation but not of long-term kidney function. Therefore, measurement of the RFR dopa is not a useful tool for donor screening. Studies investigating long-term renal adaptation are warranted to study the effects of living kidney donation and improve donor screening.

Topic: Organ Donation and Transplantation
Subfield: Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Food Safety Knowledge and Attitudes: A Cross-Sectional Study among Saudi Consumers from Food Trucks Owned by Productive Families

Food businesses, such as food trucks (FTs) and family producers have grown rapidly and become popular with people in Saudi Arabia. As foodborne diseases are still a public health concern in the country, consumers should be aware of the safety of foods sold by food trucks. Since there is a dearth of literature, this study aimed to assess the knowledge and attitudes of consumers of food from FTs owned by family producers regarding food safety and foodborne disease. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 921 consumers of food from FTs from two cities in the southern region of Saudi Arabia. Data were collected using an online questionnaire from September to November 2021. Finally, multiple linear regression and a logistic regression model were used to identify the predictors of knowledge and attitude regarding food safety and foodborne illness, respectively. Overall, respondents had moderate knowledge and higher positive attitudes regarding food safety and foodborne illness. Respondents’ knowledge about the potential harm and attitudes towards the safety of foods sold by FTs were significantly associated with marital status, education level, and monthly family income. The findings of this study highlight the need to improve the knowledge, awareness, and attitudes of Saudi consumers of food from FTs owned by family producers on food safety and foodborne illness through intervention programs, particularly targeting consumers with lower educational attainments and income status, to control foodborne diseases.

Topic: Food Safety and Hygiene
Subfield: Food Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Polygenic risk scores in psychiatry: Will they be useful for clinicians?

<ns4:p>Major psychiatric disorders are heritable but they are genetically complex. This means that, with certain exceptions, single gene markers will not be helpful for diagnosis. However, we are learning more about the large number of gene variants that, in combination, are associated with risk for disorders such as schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and other psychiatric conditions. The presence of those risk variants may now be combined into a polygenic risk score (PRS). Such a score provides a quantitative index of the genomic burden of risk variants in an individual, which relates to the likelihood that a person has a particular disorder. Currently, such scores are quite useful in research, and they are telling us much about the relationships between different disorders and other indices of brain function. In the future, as the datasets supporting the development of such scores become larger and more diverse and as methodological developments improve predictive capacity, we expect that PRS will have substantial clinical utility in the assessment of risk for disease, subtypes of disease, and even treatment response. Here, we provide an overview of PRS in general terms (including a glossary suitable for informed non-geneticists) and discuss the use of PRS in psychiatry, including their limitations and cautions for interpretation, as well as their applications now and in the future.</ns4:p>

Topic: Genetic Associations and Epidemiology
Subfield: Genetics
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Epidemiology of boutonneuse fever in western Sicily: accidental laboratory infection with a rickettsial agent isolated from a tick.

A case is reported of an accidental laboratory infection with a strain of Spotted Fever-Group Rickettsiae freshly isolated from a tick collected in Western Sicily. Inoculation into the left thumb of cell-cultured organisms (10(5)/ml) gave rise to clinical signs and symptoms of Boutonneuse Fever after six days, i.e., a lesion at the point of inoculation, fever, headache, conjunctivitis and myalgias. Rickettsiae were isolated from acute-phase blood samples collected from the infected individual and IgM and IgG response was detected in the patient's serum by indirect immunofluorescence. Complete recovery was obtained after antibiotic treatment. Serologic analysis of the strain, together with analyses of the proteins of the isolate, documented that the isolate was Rickettsia conorii and was identical to prototype strain. The relationship of this infection to ongoing studies on the epidemiology of Boutonneuse Fever in Western Sicily is discussed.

Topic: Vector-borne infectious diseases
Subfield: Parasitology
Field: Immunology and Microbiology
Domain: Life Sciences
An Overview about the chemical composition and Biological Activity of Medicinal species found in the Brazilian Amazon

Oroxylum indicum– a medicinal plant of North East India: An overview of its nutritional, remedial, and prophylactic propertiesD C Deka, Vimal Kumar, Chandan Prasad, Kamal Kumar, B J Gogoi, Lokendra Singh, R B Srivastava

Topic: Phytochemistry Medicinal Plant Applications
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Environmental tolerances in culture and agar content of Gracilaria verrucosa (Hudson) Papenfuss (Rhodophyta, Gigartinales) from Saldanha Bay

Culture studies have been carried out on a local population of the agar-producing red seaweed Gracilaria verrucosa to ascertain the optimum range of environmental factors for growth, with a view to potential mariculture. The plants grew well at 15 – 25°C, poorly at cooler temperatures, and did not survive 30°C. Despite little salinity variation in the natural habitat, the population was shown to be euryhaline, with reasonable growth from 9 to 45‰ salinity, although plants grew maximally around the salinity of full seawater. An irradiance of 80 μmol m− 2 s− 1 was sufficient for maximal growth, and growth was not severely reduced at 850 μmol m− 2 s− 1 (the highest experimental irradiance). Agar content was 32 – 34% of the dry weight, and this level was not significantly affected by 4 weeks' growth at various temperatures. Kultuurstudies is uitgevoer op 'n inheemse populasie van die agar-produserende rooi seewier Gracilaria verrucosa om die optimale bereik te bepaal van omgewingsfaktore wat die groei beïnvloed, met die oog op moontlike marikultuur. Plante groei goed tussen 15 en 25°C, swak by laer temperature, en hulle oorleef nie 30°C nie. Ondanks min skommelinge in die soutgehalte van die natuurlike omgewing, blyk die populasie eurihalien te wees, met 'n redelike groei tussen 9 en 45‰ soutgehalte, alhoewel plante maksimaal gegroei het by 'n soutgehalte rondom dié van normale seewater. 'n Beligting van 80 μmol m− 2 s− 1 is voldoende om optimale groei te bewerkstellig, terwyl groei nie ernstig afgeneem het by 250 μmol m− 2 s− 1 (die hoogste eksperimenteel toegepaste beligting) nie. Die agargehalte bedra 32 – 34% van die droë gewig, en hierdie waarde is nie beduidend beïnvloed deur vier weke se groei by verskillende temperature nie.

Topic: Marine and coastal plant biology
Subfield: Oceanography
Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences
Domain: Physical Sciences
Anomalous inheritance of Ss in a Caucasian family.

An unusual allele at the Ss locus with no S or s antigenic representation was found in 3 generations of a Caucasian family. Traveling with N, this genetic determinant was detected because of an apparent maternal exclusion.

Topic: Monoclonal and Polyclonal Antibodies Research
Subfield: Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
A cooperative game method for load balancing in cloud based on cost-efficiency

Nowadays, cloud computing is considered as an internet evolution and will be the support for future internet development. In this paper, we abstract the load balancing problem in cloud computing as a model that a few of users occupying the computing resources, and introduce the price variation into the model. We formulate this problem as a cooperative game among job processing nodes. Processors work cooperatively together to finish jobs execution with minimal costs. From the experiment result, the algorithm proposed in this paper has better fairness of processors than that of traditional algorithm and improves the efficiency of the system.

Topic: Cloud Computing and Resource Management
Subfield: Information Systems
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Co-operative Governance Index (Co-opGI) and its application in credit co-operatives in Malaysia / Hayati Md. Salleh

This study creates a measure of co-operative governance in the form of co-operative governance index (Co-opGI) based on a dataset from 78 credit co-operatives in Malaysia. Co-opGI is a composite measure of 20 indicators derived from experts' opinion, survey and annual reports under the categories of four co-operative governance mechanisms: board effectiveness, member active participation, internal audit committee's efficiency and management's efficiency. There are five stages of process in constructing the Co-opGI: (i) indicators identification, (ii) measurement identification, (iii) measurement standardisation, (iv) measurement weighting and (v) measurement conversion into indices. This index is used as a proxy measure of the level of co-operative governance in a co-operative. The study relates Co-opGI to co-operative performance and finds no significant relationship. The study examines the relationship of size of co-operative governance organs (members, board, internal audit committee and management) with Co-opGI. The result shows that size of management and size of internal audit committee relate positively with Co-opGI. Cluster analysis groups the 78 co-operatives into five groups according to their levels of Co-opGI and finds that size, competency and compliance of internal audit committee are significantly different across the five groups of Co-opGI in which the Very High Co-opGI group shows the highest scores. The tests show that board communication, member active participation and management efficiency differ significantly between the CoopGI groups. The results imply that Co-opGI is valid and reliable in measuring corporate governance in co-operatives.

Topic: Food composition and properties
Subfield: Nutrition and Dietetics
Field: Nursing
Domain: Health Sciences
Abstract LB-A10: ORIC-101 overcomes glucocorticoid-driven resistance to enzalutamide in castration-resistant prostate cancer

Abstract Prostate cancer is the second leading cause of cancer-related death in men. Androgen deprivation is commonly used to treat hormone-sensitive prostate cancer, while second-generation antiandrogens, including enzalutamide and abiraterone, benefit patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). New therapeutic strategies are needed for patients who relapse with metastatic CRPC. The glucocorticoid receptor (GR) has been implicated as a major bypass mechanism to escape androgen blockade in patients with CRPC, indicating that GR-targeted therapies may provide an avenue to overcome therapeutic resistance in this clinical setting. We discovered a novel, selective, oral GR antagonist, ORIC-101, which fully reverses GR-driven resistance to enzalutamide in a dose-dependent manner in preclinical models. Specifically, we show that GR is widely expressed in prostate cancer cell lines, organoids, and tumor tissue, and that GR levels are upregulated upon enzalutamide treatment. We demonstrate in preclinical studies that physiological levels of glucocorticoids promote tumor cell growth, stimulate androgen-regulated gene expression, and drive resistance to enzalutamide. Importantly, these effects were completely reversed by ORIC-101, suggesting ORIC-101 overcomes GR-driven resistance to enzalutamide. To inform the clinical development of ORIC-101 in combination with enzalutamide, we identified FKBP5 and KLK3 as direct transcriptional targets of both androgen receptor and GR. We subsequently validated that secreted PSA, a product of the KLK3 gene, can be induced by glucocorticoids and this induction is fully inhibited by ORIC-101. These findings confirm that targeting GR may help overcome resistance to enzalutamide in CRPC, and that FKBP5 and KLK3 are rational PD biomarkers that may be used in clinical trials of ORIC-101, along with PSA. Citation Format: Haiying Zhou, Shravani Barkund, Aleksandr Pankov, Sharvani Sinha, Dena Sutimantanapi, Lori S. Friedman, Omar Kabbarah. ORIC-101 overcomes glucocorticoid-driven resistance to enzalutamide in castration-resistant prostate cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR-NCI-EORTC International Conference on Molecular Targets and Cancer Therapeutics; 2019 Oct 26-30; Boston, MA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Mol Cancer Ther 2019;18(12 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-A10. doi:10.1158/1535-7163.TARG-19-LB-A10

Topic: Prostate Cancer Treatment and Research
Subfield: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
What's in the Literature?

Abstract In this edition, we focus on neuromuscular junction disorders and myopathy. The newly published international consensus guidelines for the management of myasthenia gravis are reviewed. In addition, various emerging treatment options for myasthenia, including the use of methotrexate, rituximab, subcutaneous immunoglobulin, and thymectomy, are discussed. Recent studies examining the clinical and genetic features of several forms of congenital myasthenia gravis are also highlighted. The clinical features and treatment of late-onset Pompe disease are reviewed, as are studies in facioscapulohumeral dystrophy, idiopathic inflammatory myopathies, and calpainopathy.

Topic: Myasthenia Gravis and Thymoma
Subfield: Neurology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
FAMILY BURDEN AND SELF-CARE SKILLS OF CHILDREN WITH INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY, LIFE SATISFACTION OF THEIR MOTHERS AND THE EFFECTIVE FACTORS

AbstractAim: This study was conducted in order to determine family burden and self-care skills of the children with intellectual disability, life satisfaction of their mothers, and the effective factors. Methods: This descriptive, cross‐sectional study was conducted with the participation of 280 mothers. The data were collected by using “Data collection form”, “Family Burden Assessment Scale”, “Satisfaction of Life Scale”, and “Self-care Skills Check List”. Results: The correlation results showed that as the children’ self-care skills increased, their mothers perception of family burden decreased (p

Topic: Health and Well-being Studies
Subfield: Clinical Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Lattice rules of moderate trigonometric degree

A systematic search has been undertaken for optimal lattice rules of specified trigonometric degree d over the hypercube [0; 1) s . The search is restricted to a population K(s; ffi) of lattice rules Q(). This includes those where the dual lattice ? may be generated by s points h for each of which jhj = ffi = d + 1. The underlying theory, which suggests that such a restriction might be helpful, is presented. The general character of the search is described, and, for s = 3, d 29 and, s = 4, d 21, a list of K-optimal rules is given. It is not known whether these are also optimal rules in the general sense; this matter is discussed.

Topic: Iterative Methods for Nonlinear Equations
Subfield: Numerical Analysis
Field: Mathematics
Domain: Physical Sciences
Capsulotomy and hydroprocedures for nucleus prolapse in manual small incision cataract surgery

Manual small incision cataract surgery (MSICS) involves the manual removal of nucleus through a scleral tunnel. To achieve 100&amp;#x0025; success every time, one has to do a good capsulotomy and should master the technique to prolapse the nucleus into anterior chamber. During conversion from extracapsular cataract surgery to MSICS, one can perform a can-opener capsulotomy and prolapse the nucleus. However, it is safer and better to perform a capsulorrhexis and hydroprolapse the nucleus, as it makes the rest of the steps of MSICS comfortable. Use of trypan blue in white and brown cataracts makes the capsulorrhexis and prolapse simple and safe. Extra caution should be taken in cases with hypermature cataracts with weak zonules and subluxated cataracts.

Topic: Pelvic floor disorders treatments
Subfield: Rheumatology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Modern approaches to ensuring radon safety of buildings

The article is devoted to the study of the dynamics of radon accumulation in the air of the lower floors of buildings constructed from various building materials. The results of the practical and theo-retical work made it possible to determine the routes of radon entry into buildings, the places of its accumulation and movement. It is shown that the radon environment in a building is formed by two processes — the intake of radon from the soil base and its emanation from the materials of the enclosing structures, and the dominant process is determined by the combination of physical and mechanical characteristics of the soil and the design features of the underground shell of the building. The wide-spread use of modern technologies aimed at reducing heat losses is invariably accompanied by a de-crease in the air exchange rate. This leads to deterioration of air quality in buildings and increased radon concentrations. The accumulation of radon in highly efficient buildings contributes to an increase in radon loads of the population and is determined by the mode of operation of the premises

Topic: Nuclear Issues and Defense
Subfield: Political Science and International Relations
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Advancements in Catalytic Conversion of Biomass into Biofuels and Chemicals

The shortage of resources and increasing climate changes have brought the need for sustainable and renewable resources to people’s attention. Biomass is an earth-abundant material and has great potential as a feedstock for alternative fuels and chemicals. For the effective utilization of biomass, this biopolymer has to be depolymerized and transformed into key building blocks and/or the targeted products, and biological or chemical catalysts are commonly used for the rapid and energy-efficient reactions. This Special Issue introduces recent advances in the catalytic conversion of biomass into biofuels and value-added products.

Topic: Catalysis for Biomass Conversion
Subfield: Biomedical Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences