jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
A Comparison between Interactive and Automatic Query Expansion Applied on Arabic Language

Much attention has been paid to the relative effectiveness of interactive query expansion (IQE) versus automatic query expansion (AQE). This research has been shown that automatic query expansion (collection dependent) strategy gives better performance than no query expansion. The percentage of queries that are improved by AQE strategy is 57% with average precision equal to 43.2. Compared against AQE (collection dependent) strategy, IQE gives better average precision than AQE strategy. The percentage of queries that are improved by best IQE decision is 86% with average precision equal to 44.1. Evaluation process reveals that the value of n in AQE strategy that gave the optimal value of average precision for the whole query set is equal to one.

Topic: Algorithms and Data Compression
Subfield: Artificial Intelligence
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
DNA Homologies Among Drosophila Species and a Related Genus

Deoxyribonucleic acids of members of the family Drosophilidae; e.g., D. melanogaster, D. robusta, D. pellewae, D, immigrans, D. mcclintockae, D. calloptera, C. procnemis and from a tissue culture cells of D. melanogaster have been compared with respect to base composition, heterogenecity, and nucleotide sequence homology. Considerable heterogeneity exists in DNA's from 3rd instar larvae and tissue culture cells. The DNA base composition of adult species ranges from 33-42 moles percent GC; in addition a polydAT component is apparent in larval DNA's. There are about 21 and 29 percent intragenomic homology in DNA's of D. melanogaster and D. immigrans, respectively. Relatively large differences were revealed in the nucleotide sequences of several species by DNA hybridization and thermal stability studies.

Topic: Insect behavior and control techniques
Subfield: Insect Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Seasonal changes in vertebrate immune activity: mediation by physiological trade-offs

Animals living in temporally dynamic environments experience variation in resource availability, climate and threat of infection over the course of the year. Thus, to survive and reproduce successfully, these organisms must allocate resources among competing physiological systems in such a way as to maximize fitness in changing environments. Here, we review evidence supporting the hypothesis that physiological trade-offs, particularly those between the reproductive and immune systems, mediate part of the seasonal changes detected in the immune defences of many vertebrates. Abundant recent work has detected significant energetic and nutritional costs of immune defence. Sometimes these physiological costs are sufficiently large to affect fitness (e.g. reproductive output, growth or survival), indicating that selection for appropriate allocation strategies probably occurred in the past. Because hormones often orchestrate allocations among physiological systems, the endocrine mediators of seasonal changes in immune activity are discussed. Many hormones, including melatonin, glucocorticoids and androgens have extensive and consistent effects on the immune system, and they change in systematic fashions over the year. Finally, a modified framework within which to conduct future studies in ecological immunology is proposed, viz. a heightened appreciation of the complex but intelligible nature of the vertebrate immune system. Although other factors besides trade-offs undoubtedly influence seasonal variation in immune defence in animals, a growing literature supports a role for physiological trade-offs and the fitness consequences they sometimes produce.

Topic: Animal Behavior and Reproduction
Subfield: Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Structural studies of two serum albumins in the house mouse Mus musculus.

Dept. of Biological Sciences. Paper copy at Leddy Library: Theses &amp; Major Papers - Basement, West Bldg. / Call Number: Thesis1974 .M15. Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 40-07, page: . Thesis (M.Sc.)--University of Windsor (Canada), 1974.

Topic: Protein Interaction Studies and Fluorescence Analysis
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
The Statistical Significance of the Efficacy Results in a Randomized Clinical Trial

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Dermatology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Dermatology journal

Topic: Hidradenitis Suppurativa and Treatments
Subfield: Dermatology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Healthcare Treatment Innovation, Medical Tourism, and Hospital Business Strategy for Global Markets

The United States is facing a growing crisis in the form of increasing medical care costs for both the insured and uninsured. One innovative strategy to address increasing costs is the use of medical tourism. Medical tourism is defined by the OECD as “the practice of travelling to another country to obtain medical treatment.” It has become an increasingly popular option as it offers patients the ability to access treatment outside of their home country, often at a lower cost. This chapter will provide a brief overview of medical tourism, its current and potential applications, and potential challenges and benefits associated with it as an innovative approach to address the healthcare crisis of high medical costs in some specific areas of treatment.

Topic: Global Healthcare and Medical Tourism
Subfield: General Health Professions
Field: Health Professions
Domain: Health Sciences
Methotrexate alone or with regional subcutaneous corynebacterium parvum in the treatment of recurrent and metastatic squamous cancer of the head and neck

Patients with advanced, incurable squamous cancer of the head and neck were randomly assigned to treatment with weekly methotrexate alone or methotrexate with Corynebacterium parvum given subcutaneously in weekly bilateral doses in sites around the neck. The addition of C. parvum did not alter the response rate, response duration, survival (either median or long-term) or severity of toxic effects compared to treatment with methotrexate alone. Response rates were higher for patients without distant metastases, ambulatory patients, and those younger than age 65 years. Median survival was improved for responders to chemotherapy and for those initially ambulatory. C. parvum given subcutaneously has no place in the treatment of far advanced cancer of the head and neck.

Topic: Mycobacterium research and diagnosis
Subfield: Epidemiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
CCDC 914466: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.

Topic: Crystallization and Solubility Studies
Subfield: Materials Chemistry
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Abstract 123: Hemostatic Fibrin Knob Triggered Microgel To Promote Clotting With Reduced Thrombotic Risks In Neonates

Introduction: Effective neonatal hemostatic therapies are vital for complex surgery-related life-threatening bleeding [1]. Neonatal hemostatic systems differ significantly from adults [2, 3]; however, current treatments for bleeding include adult blood products (ABP). Neonatal ABP use poses an elevated thrombotic risk [4, 5], necessitating alternative approaches. We propose hemostatic therapies leveraging age-dependent clotting differences. In adults, clot formation relies on fibrin(ogen) A:a knob-hole binding, while B:b binding dominates in neonates. Targeting B:b interactions with synthetic Bknob conjugated platelet-like particles (BK-PLP) could crosslink neonatal fibrinogen, catalyze clot formation, and enhance clot strength with lower thrombotic risk than ABP. To test this, we synthesized pNIPAm microgels and conjugated them to B-knob (AHRPYAAK), A-knob (GPRPFPAK), and non-binding control peptides (GPSPFPAK) to prepare BK-PLP, AK-PLP, and NB-PLP. Materials and Methods: We prepared BK-PLP, AK-PLP, and NB-PLP by conjugating microgels with mimetic peptides using EDC-Sulfo-NHS chemistry (Fig. 1A); Fibrin clot polymerization, stability, density, and stiffness, were analyzed via plate-based assays, confocal microscopy, and AFM. Results and Discussion: BK-PLPs significantly increased clot stability compared to AK-PLP, NB-PLP, or fibrin-only clots (Fig. 1B). Fiber density also increased with BK-PLPs, indicating a role in promoting denser fibrin clot structures (Fig. 1C). Clot mechanical properties assessment suggested that AKnob and NB-PLPs may disrupt clot networks, decreasing stiffness (Fig. 1D). Conclusion: Our study explored the effects of peptide conjugate particles on neonatal fibrin clots. BK-PLP incorporation increased clot stability, while AK-PLP and NB-PLP decreased clot stiffness, supporting further BK-PLP development for neonatal hemostasis.

Topic: Connective tissue disorders research
Subfield: Genetics
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Pore structure characterization of oak via X-ray computed tomography

The microscopic pore structure of wood is an important factor that affects its macroscopic properties. In this study, an oak sample was used for pore structure characterization. X-ray computed tomography imaging was carried out, and the scanning results (a multi-layer two-dimensional planar image) were rendered using Avizo software (a three-dimensional stereo image). A digital image processing method was used to identify the characteristics of the three-dimensional pore structure features and to calculate the characteristic parameters, i.e., the porosity (volume/surface), pore area and volume, pore size distribution, and the connectivity. The 27 mm3 oak sample had the following characteristics: a pore size which ranged from 8.56 µm to 1262.84 µm; a pore volume of 1.01 × 1010 µm3; a pore area and volume porosity of 1.12 × 109 µm2 and 37.6%, respectively; a surface porosity range of approximately 36.1% to 39.1%; a pore diameter for axial connection ranging from approximately 164.57 µm to 1262.84 µm; and had corresponding proportions of the pore area and volume of approximately 74.4% and 67.3%, respectively. This information provided useful structural data for the construction of future models.

Topic: Wood Treatment and Properties
Subfield: Building and Construction
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
An implicit Smooth Particle Hydrodynamic code

An implicit version of the Smooth Particle Hydrodynamic (SPH) code SPHINX has been written and is working. In conjunction with the SPHINX code the new implicit code models fluids and solids under a wide range of conditions. SPH codes are Lagrangian, meshless and use particles to model the fluids and solids. The implicit code makes use of the Krylov iterative techniques for solving large linear-systems and a Newton-Raphson method for non-linear corrections. It uses numerical derivatives to construct the Jacobian matrix. It uses sparse techniques to save on memory storage and to reduce the amount of computation. It is believed that this is the first implicit SPH code to use Newton-Krylov techniques, and is also the first implicit SPH code to model solids. A description of SPH and the techniques used in the implicit code are presented. Then, the results of a number of tests cases are discussed, which include a shock tube problem, a Rayleigh-Taylor problem, a breaking dam problem, and a single jet of gas problem. The results are shown to be in very good agreement with analytic solutions, experimental results, and the explicit SPHINX code. In the case of the single jet of gas case it has been demonstrated that the implicit code can do a problem in much shorter time than the explicit code. The problem was, however, very unphysical, but it does demonstrate the potential of the implicit code. It is a first step toward a useful implicit SPH code.

Topic: Fluid Dynamics Simulations and Interactions
Subfield: Computational Mechanics
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Fingerprinting: the UK landscape: processes, stakeholders, and interactions

The aim of this report is to provide a current view of the landscape of the fingerprinting domain, within\nthe United Kingdom. This report will identify the key stakeholders, within UK fingerprinting, and determine the current channels of communication, knowledge transfer, and innovation across the UK by\ndelivering the following elements:\n• A description of the history of fingerprinting in the forensic domain, and the process followed during\nthe recovery and comparison of fingerprint evidence;\n• A summary of the key stakeholders influencing this process;\n• A description of the role of these key stakeholders within the fingerprint domain including:\n◊ The role of policing stakeholders;\n◊ The role of training and accreditation bodies;\n• Current fingerprint research and development;\n• A number of case studies illustrating examples of knowledge transfer between stakeholders and\ninnovation within the fingerprinting domain; and\n• Gap analysis leading to recommendations for the Forensic Science Special Interest Group to facilitate increased communication and innovation in this domain\nThis report has been compiled following consultation with a number of specialists within UK fingerprinting. However, it is acknowledged that this report does not represent the views of all contributors and that\nthere are often differences of opinion and local alternatives to structures and procedures, which mean\nthat the information contained within this report should be taken as a guide only. This report has been\npublished to allow further consultation within the fingerprint community.\nTerminology specific to the fingerprint domain included within the report is defined in the glossary of\ndomain specific terms at the back of the document. Further, there are additional terms listed in the glossary that are not directly referred to in the main body of the text, but may be of benefit to those unfamiliar\nwith fingerprinting terminology.

Topic: Forensic and Genetic Research
Subfield: Genetics
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
[Psychosocial consequences of organized violence. Experiences from Latin America].

The health consequences of organized violence are well documented (increasing from many parts of the world). We review experiences reported from Latin-America based on literature, contact with human rights organizations and participation in conferences in (Santiago de) Chile and Costa Rica, with special focus on: the destructive psychosocial influence of a repressive society; the development of torture methods; the development of therapeutic methods; the serious psychological implications of "impunity". In Central America joint strategies have been developed for preventive and therapeutic work connected to the effects of war-traumas and terror. Psychiatrists and psychologists from Western countries involved in treatment of refugees in exile can mutually benefit from the experiences of colleagues who have death with the problems in countries where prosecution and oppression have taken place. Within this framework professionals are challenged to take a firm stand against human right violations.

Topic: Resilience and Mental Health
Subfield: Clinical Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp. TVu-3883

Plant Genetic Resource.<br>Taxonomy: Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.<br>Common name(s): Cowpea<br>Other names: TVu-3883<br>Conserved by: International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Nigeria<br>Local sample unique identifier: TVu-3883<br>Method of creation: Acquisition<br>Date: 1972-10-08<br>Historical: No<br>Biological status: Traditional cultivar/landrace<br>MLS status: Included

Topic: Weber, Simmel, Sociological Theory
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
[Pilomatrixoma. Pseudoampullar form and other clinical varieties].

Pilomatrixoma presents clinical variants, ulcerated and tumorous, angioid and one very special type characterized because the skin covering the tumor is very thin (anetodermic), pink and folded, simulating an involuting blister. The authors that observed six cases of this variant, considered that for this reason they can name it the "pseudoblistering form of pilomatrixoma". The histopathology that appears in this pseudoblistering variant is characteristic because the collagen existing between the tumor and the epidermis is atrophied and its fibers are separated by the intense edema.

Topic: Cancer and Skin Lesions
Subfield: Dermatology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Determination of Load-Sharing Displacement of Flexible Pin Roll in Planet Gear Train

The eccentricity errors of each piece in the planet gear train set are described. This paper has made a tentative study on the determination of load-sharing displacement with formulas of equivalent errors. It takes the flexible pin roll as the load-sharing piece and LevelⅡ planet gear drive in the speed-increasing gearbox of some wind power generator for the case study. The results show i) that the radial error of each piece does not influence the operation of the planet gear train, but the tangential error does influence the load-sharing among the planet gears; and ii) that the load sharing displacement is determined by the centering tangential equivalent error of the flexible pin roll, which may provide reference to projects.

Topic: Gear and Bearing Dynamics Analysis
Subfield: Mechanical Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Drilling and Preparation of Reusable; Long Range; Horizontal Bore Holes in Rock and in Gouge : Vol. II, Estimating Manual for Time and Cost Requirements

The objective of this study is to assess horizontal drilling as an alternative to pilot tunneling in geological investigation prior to the design and construction of highway tunnels and to identify means to increase the penetration capability and accuracy and decrease the cost of horizontal drilling. This volume presents a model for estimating the time and cost of drilling long horizontal holes. Sample problems are worked in detail to illustrate the application of the model to four (4) different drilling techniques. Procedures to apply the model to any combination of geological conditions are illustrated with an example problem. The logic and format of the model are adaptable to future improvements in the state-of-the-art of horizontal drilling. This is the second of three volumes. Volume I is published as FHWA-RD-7s-95, subtitle: A State-of-the-Art Assessment. Volume III is published as FHWA-RD-7s-97, Subtitle: A Development Plan to Extend Penetration Capability, Increase Accuracy and Reduce Costs.\n

Topic: Tunneling and Rock Mechanics
Subfield: Civil and Structural Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Effect of Virtual Reality at Exhibitions on Visitor Experiences Underpinned by Museum Studies: “Seeing The Past Through The Present - The Virtual Reality Of The Taipei West District Beimen VR Tour”

As technology never ceases to move forward, modes of visiting exhibitions and exploring art are also turning more and more diversified. In recent years, the rise of virtual reality (VR) has even broken the boundaries of "space", allowing exhibition designs and displays to no longer be limited in inner spaces. The theory in this case study is built up by visitor experiences. Using the project of "Seeing The Past Through The Present-The Virtual Reality Of The Taipei West District Beimen VR Tour" as an example, the questionnaire survey approach is taken to discuss the influence that the combination of virtual reality, culture, and history had on users, as a reference for future display designs.

Topic: Museums and Cultural Heritage
Subfield: Museology
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
High-density NDRO magnetic-thin-film memory devices

High-density thin-magnetic-film memory devices using double-layer storage films with NDRO properties were designed and tested. Use of the two double-layer films-one on the bottom and the other on the top of the bit-sense line-produced a structure that allows flux closure in such a way as to make possible a high-density film array. The devices tested were experimental arrays with densities of 4400 bits per cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> . Test results agreed well with those predicted from the theoretical model. Static measurements, as well as dynamic worst-case pulse tests for films and storage cells, were conducted, and the resulting signals and operating currents were determined.

Topic: Magnetic properties of thin films
Subfield: Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
In vitro restoration by interleukin-2 (IL-2) of the impaired natural killer cell activities, IL-2 receptor expression, and T cell proliferation in hemophilia.

Five of 22 hemophiliacs who were seropositive for human T cell leukemia virus III (HTLV III) and manifested severe impairment of immune parameters (both in vivo and in vitro) similar to those observed in patients with clinical symptoms of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) were chosen for this study. Profound lymphopenia was observed in four of five patients with decreased and qualitatively impaired helper/inducer (T4) cells and increased T suppressor/cytotoxic (T8) cells. Observed in all patients was impaired endogenous production of interleukin-2 (IL-2), expression of the IL-2 receptor combined with diminished responses to mitogens, mixed leukocytes reaction (MLR), and natural killer (NK) reactivity. In vitro supplement of exogenous IL-2 markedly augmented T and NK cell functions, as well as the expression of activation antigens on both T4 and T8 cell in four of five patients. Our findings suggest that a substantial proportion of this cell-mediated immunologic defect in hemophiliacs stems from their inability to produce adequate amounts of IL-2. Interleukin-2 may therefore have the potential for therapy as an immune response modifier in patients with hemophilia by providing beneficial preventive therapy for patients at risk.

Topic: T-cell and Retrovirus Studies
Subfield: Immunology
Field: Immunology and Microbiology
Domain: Life Sciences