jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Mealworm larvae and black soldier fly larvae as novel protein supplements for cattle consuming low-quality forage

Abstract The global population is projected to increase, indicating that there will be greater demand for animal protein to meet the associated food needs. This demand will place additional pressure on livestock systems to increase output while also minimizing natural resource inputs. Insect protein has emerged as a potential alternative to conventional protein feeds, such as soybean meal. Mealworm larvae (MWL; Tenebrio molitor) have been studied in poultry and swine as an alternative protein source; however, there is no research currently evaluating MWL for cattle. Black soldier fly larvae (BSFL; Hermetia illucens) have also received attention for their potential use in livestock feed due to their scalability and nutritional value, but research in cattle is limited. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of whole-dried MWL and defatted BSFL as protein supplements for cattle consuming forage. Five ruminally cannulated steers were utilized in a 5 × 5 Latin square experiment to determine how MWL and BSFL supplementations affect forage utilization. Steers consuming ad libitum low-quality forage (76.5% neutral detergent fiber [NDF], 4.2% crude protein) were provided one of the five treatments each period: 1) control with no supplement (CON), 2) soybean meal (CONV), 3) BSFL, 4) MWL, or 5) 50/50 by-weight blend of BSFL and MWL (MIX). All treatments were provided at 100 mg N/kg BW and periods included 8 d for treatment adaptation, 5 d for intake and digestion, and 1 d for ruminal fermentation measures. Protein supplementation stimulated forage organic matter intake (FOMI; P ≤ 0.01) relative to CON (3.28 kg/d). There was a significant difference in FOMI (P ≤ 0.01) between BSFL (4.30 kg/d) and CONV (4.71 kg/d), but not between CONV and MWL (P = 0.06, 4.43 kg/d). Total digestible OM intake (TDOMI) was also stimulated by the provision of protein (P ≤ 0.01), from 1.94 kg/d for CON to an average of 3.24 kg/d across protein supplements. Organic matter digestibility (OMD) and NDF digestibility (NDFD) were not affected by treatment (P ≥ 0.37), for an average OMD of 66.5% and NDFD of 62.7%. There was also no treatment effect on ruminal volatile fatty acid (P = 0.96) or ammonia-N (P = 0.22) concentrations. These data indicate that MWL may stimulate forage utilization by beef cattle to a greater extent than BSFL, but both are viable protein supplements.

Topic: Insect Utilization and Effects
Subfield: Insect Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Initial assessment of IPW data from SOI-CORS stations over Uttar Pradesh

This study explores the impact of assimilating Integrated Precipitable Water (IPW) data from the Survey of India (SOI) – Continuously Operating Reference Stations (CORS) into weather forecasts using the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model with Gridpoint Statistical Interpolation (GSI) as the assimilation scheme. IPW data from SOI-CORS stations located in Uttar Pradesh and neighbouring regions. The research was conducted over June and July 2024, with a high-resolution WRF model domain (3 km grid spacing) focussing on the rainfall events during the period. Data assimilation was performed four times daily at 0000, 0600, 1200, and 1800 UTC, with forecasts extending up to 72 hours. The study found that assimilating IPW data significantly improved both the analysis and the forecasts of various meteorological parameters. Comparison with radiosonde showed a 2% reduction in Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) of wind components above 600hPa and surface moisture (q) error reduction by 7%, indicating enhanced initial conditions. Significant RMSE reductions were observed for wind forecasts at 200 hPa (7.71% on Day 1) and 850 hPa (4.78% on Day 1). Temperature forecasts at 200 hPa exhibited consistent improvements across all forecast days, ranging from 3.05% to 4.70%. Geopotential height forecasts showed the most substantial improvements, with RMSE reductions of 15.33% at 200 hPa (Day 1), and sustained improvements at 850 hPa (3.28%–5.47%) over multiple days. The results highlight the positive effects of integrating high-resolution IPW data into weather models, especially in terms of improving the accuracy of upper-level atmospheric parameters and overall model performance.

Topic: Ionosphere and magnetosphere dynamics
Subfield: Astronomy and Astrophysics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Mass Media in Health Promotion: A Compilation of Expert Opinion

This paper reports on an open-ended survey of experts in the field of mass media and health promotion. The study was designed to read between the lines of published reports to identify new directions in the use of mass media in health promotion; to identify areas of consensus and controversy in the design and use of such campaigns; and to compare expert opinion with the literature. Survey responses are synthesized and reported in terms of (1) ingredients for successful mass media programs relative to program purpose, structure, and methods; and (2) obstacles to effective use of mass media for health promotion, including information overload and inconsistency, demand characteristics of the target behavior, dissemination, and unsupportive social milieus. Conclusions are presented as guidelines for pursuit of the optimal program and principles to guide further inquiry.

Topic: Smoking Behavior and Cessation
Subfield: Physiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Clinical study on 100 cases of anal diseases performed by Day Surgery

肛門疾患の100例に1泊2日のDay Surgeryを行いその有効性について検討した.症例は内痔核のGoligher III度48例,IV度19例,巨大血栓をともなった部分的嵌頓痔核20例,痔瘻例,その他であった.麻酔は79例が仙骨硬膜外,21例がサドルブロックを行った.手術は半閉鎖結紮切除1カ所が44例,2カ所が30例,3カ所が22例,lay open2例,sliding skin graft 2例であった.導尿は仙骨硬膜外麻酔の9例(11.4%),サドルブロックの9例(42.9%)に行った.術後疼痛,出血は退院時から次第に減少していったが1例は疼痛で,1例は頭痛で再入院した.64例(64%)は5日目までに仕事に復帰していた.手術に対する適応から症例を選び,十分なインフォームドコンセントの後に行えば今後のさらなる普及が考えられる.

Topic: Anorectal Disease Treatments and Outcomes
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Neutral Hydrogen Associated with W 44

Abstract The optical depth of the 21-cm absorption line at radial velocities of 40 to 46 km s–1 has been found much larger in the northeastern part of the supernova remnant W 44 than in the other parts, which implies the existence of a dense H I gas cloud there. The location and velocity are similar to those of the OH and H2CO molecular clouds which are believed to be associated with the supernova remnant. The H I cloud seems considerably larger.

Topic: Inorganic Fluorides and Related Compounds
Subfield: Inorganic Chemistry
Field: Chemistry
Domain: Physical Sciences
Labor migration and the language barrier in contemporary Japan: the formation of a domestic language regime of a globalizing state

This article discusses the impact of the increase from the late 1980s in the frequency and number of foreign languages spoken in Japan in the judicial branch of the Japanese state. Particular attention is paid to the language barrier problem in Japan’s criminal justice process, the cause and consequences of the problem, as well as Japan’s response to it. The introduction points out that in the politics of language activated by the arrival of international labor migration, migrant receiving countries today are unable to anticipate that migrant language assimilation will occur, and that those countries — in particular Japan — need to respond to such a situation accordingly. Section 2 puts the language barrier problem into historical context to show that the problem reflects a substantial change in Japan’s international relations, and as such is a force of globalization. Section 3 reports on the legal and political implications of the problem for the contemporary Japanese state, and the immediate consequences of the problem after its revelation, namely that the legality and legitimacy of Japan’s administration of criminal justice to foreign language speakers within its jurisdiction was partially and temporarily constrained. Section 3 also presents Japan’s response to the problem, both by civil society and the state. It is argued that by introducing judicial interpretation into its criminal justice process, the Japanese state managed to recover within about a decade its capability to justify (as far as its interests in maintaining domestic order are concerned) the administration of criminal justice to foreigners in Japanese territory whose first language is not Japanese.

Topic: Japanese History and Culture
Subfield: Cultural Studies
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Supplemental Figure 2 from AXL Is a Logical Molecular Target in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma

&lt;p&gt;Supplemental Figure 2. HNSCC cell proliferation and apoptosis are not significantly impacted 24 hours post R428 treatment&lt;/p&gt;

Topic: Phagocytosis and Immune Regulation
Subfield: Immunology
Field: Immunology and Microbiology
Domain: Life Sciences
Exchange Rates, Prices, and External Adjustment in the United States and Japan

This paper studies the responsiveness of external balances--trade volumes and prices--to changes in exchange rates. Our objectives are twofold: to provide an analytical review of the literature in this area and to assess the influence of exchange rate movements on external adjustment in the two countries whose external imbalances have dominated all others over the past decade, the United States and Japan.We find that the conventional partial-equilibrium model of the trade balance has performed generally quite well in predicting the path of the U.S. and Japanese external balance over the past decade. Second, in a partial-equilibrium setting, exchange-rate changes have a significant and substantial influence on movements in external balances. This view is supported by a massive empirical literature focusing on the estimation of price elasticities in trade, by casual inspection of the data, and by our own econometric estimates of trade elasticities. Third, Japanese real trade flows appear to be considerably less responsive to exchange-rate changes than U.S. real trade flows. This asymmetry can be traced only in part to evidence that Japanese exporter and U.S. exporters differ in the extent to which they pass-through exchange-rate changes to the foreign-currency prices of their exports. Finally, Japanese exporters tend to pass-through significantly less of any given percentage exchange rate change than U.S. exporters. Part of that difference is attributable to the greater sensitivity of Japanese production costs to exchange rate changes--Japanese export prices fall when the yen appreciates, partly because the prices of petroleum and other imported raw materials in Japan tend to fall in proportion to the appreciation of the yen.

Topic: Monetary Policy and Economic Impact
Subfield: General Economics, Econometrics and Finance
Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance
Domain: Social Sciences
The Dynamics of Civil Society Organisations and Cooperative Societies around Cocoa Governance Based on North-South Cooperation in Côte d'Ivoire

The cocoa sector in Côte d'Ivoire has around 3,000 cooperatives, whose stated objective is to fight for an improvement in the living conditions of producers by acting for a better marketing price for their produce. Despite their large numbers, these cooperatives struggle to integrate and influence decision-making bodies so that the needs of producers can be taken into account. It is against this backdrop that two non-governmental organisations, INADES [ ], and INKOTA-Netzwerk, launched a collaborative initiative in 2019 involving international civil society organisations, human rights organisations and cooperatives, with a view to helping them build an advocacy framework to have a greater impact on decision-making in the sector through the establishment in 2020, of the "Ivorian platform for sustainable cocoa". And this desire to bring together agricultural cooperatives as well as the Ivorian civil society (south) and their partners (north) so that they can play their full part in the decision-making process within this sector has been the subject of a study. The results, findings, observations and information gathered as part of this research are set out in this article. The data was collected through documentary research and semi-directive interviews with Inades-Formation managers, civil society organisations that are members of the platform, cooperative group managers and trade union structure managers. In terms of results, the pooling of synergies between civil society organisations in the north and south, which began in 2020 under the slogan "Ivorian platform for sustainable cocoa", has led to the development and publication of an advocacy guide. This activity has also helped improve the administrative and economic organisation of cooperative structures. In addition, the information and capacity-building sessions carried out by international civil society organisations have enabled cooperatives to revitalise their influence in the process of political and ......

Topic: Agriculture and Rural Development Research
Subfield: Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Macular Hole Formation in Eye After Cryotherapy and Intravitreal Bevacizumab Treatment for Vasoproliferative Tumor

Atsuko Sato, Emi Fukui, Kouichi Ohta Department of Ophthalmology, Matsumoto Dental University, Shiojiri, Nagano, JapanCorrespondence: Atsuko SatoDepartment of Ophthalmology, Matsumoto Dental University, 1780 Gobara, Hirooka, Shiojiri, Nagano 399-0781, JapanTel/Fax +81-263-51-2210Email atsuko.sato@mdu.ac.jpPurpose: To report a case of a full-thickness macular hole (MH) that developed after cryotherapy and intravitreal bevacizumab injection (IVB) to treat a retinal vasoproliferative tumor (VPT).Methods: Case report of a man with a retinal VPT.Results: A 64-year-old Japanese man complained of blurred vision in his right eye. At the initial examination, his best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was 20/25 in the right eye and 20/20 in the left eye. Ophthalmoscopy showed a VPT in the lower peripheral retina of the right eye. An exudative retinal detachment and hard exudates were seen around the tumor. Cryotherapy and intravitreal injections of bevacizumab (IVB) were performed. Although the exudative changes were reduced, a MH developed two months after the initial IVB treatment. He underwent 25-gauge pars plana vitrectomy, and the MH was closed. His postoperative BCVA was 20/32 and the VPT was inactive. The reduced BCVA was due to damage of the outer retinal layers.Conclusion: Our findings indicate that cryotherapy and IVB are effective treatments for VPT although the possibility of developing a MH should be considered.Keywords: intravitreal bevacizumab injection, macular hole, optical coherence tomography, vasoproliferative tumor, vitrectomy

Topic: Ocular Oncology and Treatments
Subfield: Ophthalmology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
EFFICACY OF EOSIN DYE AND <sup>14</sup>C-SUCROSE AS INDICATORS OF PHYSIOLOGICAL MATURITY IN WHEAT

Translocations of eosin dye and 14 C-sucrose into wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) spikes were evaluated as indicators of physiological maturity. Neither was a precise indicator, as there was a lag phase of up to several days between the cessation of grain growth and dye or 14 C-sucrose uptake, varying with available moisture.Key words: Wheat, physiological maturity, eosin, 14 C-sucrose

Topic: Mycotoxins in Agriculture and Food
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
c-map as c=1 string

We show the existence of a duality between the c-map space describing the universal hypermultiplet at tree level and the matrix model description of two-dimensional string theory compactified at a self-dual radius and perturbed by a sine-Liouville potential. It appears as a particular case of a general relation between the twistor description of four-dimensional quaternionic geometries and the Lax formalism for Toda hierarchy. Furthermore, we give an evidence that the instanton corrections to the c-map metric coming from NS5-branes can be encoded into the Baker-Akhiezer function of the integrable hierarchy.

Topic: Black Holes and Theoretical Physics
Subfield: Nuclear and High Energy Physics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Chlamydia trachomatis pneumonia in a patient with multiple myeloma

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —<i>Chlamydia trachomatis</i>pneumonia is common in the newborn. It is, however, a rare event in adults, even in the immunocompromised host. In most of the reported cases the diagnosis had been made serologically. In addition to the few culture-proven cases the following patient is described.<sup>14</sup> <h3>Report of a Case.</h3> —In 1974 multiple myeloma (IgG κ) was diagnosed in a 39-year-old woman, initially treated with melphalan and prednisone, and subsequently with courses of cyclophosphamide, vincristine, and prednisone. Because of recurrent infections, mainly due to<i>Escherichia coli</i>, a prophylactic therapy of norfloxacin (400 mg, twice a day) was given. In January 1987, she was admitted because of a temperature of up to 39.6°C of two weeks duration. Ten days before admission she had noticed an infiltrate on the right thigh and she had a nonproductive cough for one week. A few fine rales were heard over the

Topic: Reproductive tract infections research
Subfield: Microbiology
Field: Immunology and Microbiology
Domain: Life Sciences
Preliminary analysis of citation practices in studies that analyze data from Altmetric.com

Preliminary results from an ongoing analysis of citation practices in quantitative studies that analyze data from Altmetric.com (supporting data for our submission to http://altmetrics.org/altmetrics20/).<br>Data sources: https://web.archive.org/web/20200929163109/https://www.altmetric.com/blog/altmetrics-research-2019/ and https://web.archive.org/web/20200929163146/https://www.altmetric.com/blog/altmetric-supported-research-2018-in-review/<br>The dataset shows that only 32% of quantitative studies that build upon Altmetric’s attention score mention the day on which the data was collected, and that 50% mention no version information at all.

Topic: Biomedical Text Mining and Ontologies
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Strategi Perencanaan Pembangunan Dalam Meningkatkan Kapasitas Perekonomian Kota Medan Provinsi Sumatera Utara

This research aims to look at development planning strategies in increasing economic capacity in the city of Medan, which is the third largest city after Jakarta and Surabaya, and has received the title as a metropolitan city. Medan city has an area of ​​265.10 km2 and has a population of around 2,478 ,145 people (2017). Currently it is a city that is continuously developing. The main objective of this research is to analyze the role of development planning strategies in strengthening the city's economic sector. The research methods used include primary data collection through interviews and surveys, as well as secondary data analysis from trusted sources. This study will identify factors that influence the economic capacity of Medan City, including infrastructure, economic policies, human resources, and main economic sectors. In addition, this research will evaluate various development planning strategies that can be implemented to increase the city's economic competitiveness, including infrastructure development, increasing market access, industrial development, and increasing workforce skills. It is hoped that the research results will provide a deeper understanding of how development planning strategies can be the key to optimizing the economic potential of Medan City. It is hoped that the implications of this research can become a basis for the government and stakeholders to formulate more effective policies in increasing the capacity of the city's economy and making a positive contribution to economic growth at regional and national levels.

Topic: Economic Growth and Fiscal Policies
Subfield: Economics and Econometrics
Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance
Domain: Social Sciences
Abnormal inter-ventricular diastolic mechanical delay in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction

Abstract Background This study aimed to investigate the ventricular mechanical relaxation pattern and its clinical influence in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Methods Echocardiography was performed to measure mitral and tricuspid diastolic opening times. Left ventricular diastolic mechanical delay (LVMDd) was defined as diastolic filling of the right ventricle earlier than that of the left ventricle, and right ventricular diastolic mechanical delay (RVMDd) was defined as the right ventricular diastolic filling later than left ventricular filling. Results Among 152 patients with STEMI, 100 (65.8%) had LVMDd, and 47 (30.9%) had RVMDd. In-hospital complications were significantly increased in patients with RVMDd (61.6% vs. 41.0%, P = 0.017). Those with RVMDd exhibited significantly lower left ventricular global longitudinal strain (11.7 ± 4.1% vs. 13.2 ± 4.0%, P = 0.035), global work index (913.8 ± 365.9 vs. 1098.9 ± 358.8 mmHg%, P = 0.005) and global constructive work (1218.6 ± 392.8 vs. 1393.7 ± 432.7 mmHg%, P = 0.021). Mitral deceleration time significantly decreased (127.4 ± 33.5 vs. 145.6 ± 41.7 ms, P = 0.012), and the ratio of early mitral inflow to early mitral annular velocity (E/E') significantly increased [13.0(11.0–20.0) vs. 11.9(9.3–14.3), P = 0.006] in the RVMDd group. Logistic regression analysis showed that age (odds ratio [OR]:0.920; P = 0.001), brain natriuretic peptide level (OR: 1.1002; P = 0.036) and mitral E/E' (OR: 1.187; P = 0.003) were independently associated with RVMDd. Conclusions Delayed right ventricular filling is related to more severe left ventricular systolic and diastolic dysfunction in STEMI patients. More attention should be paid to patients with RVMDd to prevent adverse events during hospitalization.

Topic: Cardiovascular Function and Risk Factors
Subfield: Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Coevolution of the Cell Cycle and Deferred-Use Cells

The cell cycle and cell fate decisions are interlinked in a broad range of developmental contexts in many organisms. Coordination of stem cell proliferation and differentiation is essential for normal development, organ homeostasis, and tissue repair through a direct interplay between cell cycle progression and differentiation in somatic stem cells in the skin, brain, gut, and hematopoietic system. The connection between cell cycle and cell fate decisions is present across the whole evolutionary tree. Human embryonic stem cells have an interconnection between cell cycle, self-renewal, and differentiation, while they exert a metastable state with heterogeneity at the single cell level. The cell cycle is tightly intertwined with cell fate decisions in diverse species ranging from yeast to human. Particularly important insight to the processes coordinating cell fate and the cell cycle has been derived from pluripotent stem cells.

Topic: Pluripotent Stem Cells Research
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences