jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Abstract 090: Armenian Ethnicity: An Independent Risk Factor for Positive Exercise Treadmill Tests

Background: Several studies have examined the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) among larger racial and ethnic groups such as Hispanics and African-Americans in the United States, but limited information is available on smaller subgroups such as Armenians. According to the World Health Organization, Armenia ranks eighth in CVD rates among all countries however it is unclear if Armenian immigrants living in the US have the same high rates of disease. This study examined whether being of Armenian descent increased the risk of having a positive exercise treadmill test (ETT) among patients treated at a safety net hospital in Los Angeles County. Methods: Data on patients who received an ETT from 2008-2011 were used to conduct a retrospective analysis of the relationship between Armenian ethnicity and ETT result as a surrogate measure for CVD. A multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to estimate the odds ratios (OR) for having a positive ETT among Armenians relative to non-Armenians, adjusting for the following pre-specified covariates: gender, age, diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, smoking, family history of coronary artery disease (CAD), and patient history of CAD. Results: A total of 5,297 patients, ages 18 to 89, were included. Of these, 13% were Armenian and 46% were male, with an average age of 53 years. Armenians had higher odds of having a positive ETT than non-Armenians (Crude OR=1.30, p=0.037, CI:1.02,1.66). After adjusting for CV risk factors, Armenians were still significantly more likely to have a positive ETT than non-Armenians (OR=1.33, p=0.029, CI:1.03,1.71). CAD (OR 2.02, p&lt;0.001, CI:1.38,2.96), and hyperlipidemia (OR=1.31, p=0.008, CI:1.07,1.60) were also significantly associated with a positive ETT. Conclusion: Armenians have a higher likelihood of having a positive ETT than non-Armenians. This relationship appears to be independent of traditional CV risk factors and suggests a role for cultural and/or genetic influences.

Topic: Cardiovascular Health and Risk Factors
Subfield: Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Tectonic and Overpressured Zones, Gulf of Mexico

Abstract We observe two different events happening in a Matagorda Island area. Faults may act as a seal and enhance the shale sealing. Changes in pore pressure calculated from sonic/resistivity logs are steep, “transitional” zone is about a 100–150′ thick and almost invisible at a whole well scale. Because of such sharp changes these zones are hard to recognize on MWD, however typically one casing point required to separate it from upper normally pressured section. Another option — fault causes partial damage, possibly through micro-fractures in shales. Shale sealing properties are decreased pore pressure in reservoir sands is lower, that in neighboring blocks. Sealing zone possess gradual changes in pore pressure with lower values that expected. Such zones are up to 2000′ thick and could be observed on MWD as well as on conventional log diagrams. Several casing points required in order to drill through such zone. By incorporating this information into the geological model one can predict whether the fault will act as a pressure-formation liquids “semi-conductor” or as a good seal. Faults that damage the seal above overpressured zone might result in unexpected shallow overpressure and/or shallow gas. Such faults should be determined, mapped and avoid when possible from drilling.

Topic: Geological and Tectonic Studies in Latin America
Subfield: Geophysics
Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences
Domain: Physical Sciences
Cumulative Light Effects on Growth and Flowering of Tomato Seedlings

Tomato seedlings (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. cv . Laura) were grown in an environmental chamber. In two separate experiments, plant growth from emergence to anthesis was divided into three equivalent segments based on either the actual number of days or the stage of plant development. In both experiments, plants were exposed to a high PPF (300 μmol·s -1 ·m -2 ) 2 ) treatment (H) for one segment and a lower PPF (150 μmol· s -1 ·m -2 ) treatment (L), for the other two segments, resulting in three light treatment combinations (i.e., HLL, LHL, and LLH). Total dry weight and dry weight per unit of leaf area increased significantly in response to high PPF during all three treatment periods. Final plant weights and plant heights differed significantly between treatments, resulting in distinct plant growth characteristics. Plants from the HLL treatment began to flower 1 day before the LHL treatment and 2 days before the LLH treatment. The HLL plants initiated fewer leaves before initiation of the floral axis than the LHL and LLH plants. The light environment following the initial segment of seedling development most influenced final truss position at anthesis.

Topic: Plant Physiology and Cultivation Studies
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Perpetrator Prevention:

This paper documents perpetrator prevention as an essential component in the prevention of sexual assault and abuse. Traditional approaches to the prevention of sexual abuse have focused primarily on changing the behavior of potential victims. Preventive interventions that have the potential for changing the behavior of potential perpetrators are explored. Although there is little empirical work to review in the prevention of perpetrator development in boys and men, some of the correlates of sexually abusing behavior are identified and related research highlighted. Three of the risk factors linked with sexually abusive behavior are explored: gender inequity, the negative effects on children and young men of media exposure to violence-particularly sexual violence against women, and the increased risk of sexually abusive behavior by males with a history of childhood sexual abuse. Preventive interventions to reduce these risks are considered. The incorporation of perpetrator prevention into an ecological approach to the prevention of sexual abuse is discussed.

Topic: Sexual Assault and Victimization Studies
Subfield: Gender Studies
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Effects of High Stocking Density on the Expression of Metabolic Related Genes in Two Strains of Chickens

본 연구는 밀사에 의한 환경스트레스가 닭의 품종에 따라 스트레스 및 대사 연관 유전자들의 발현에 어떤 영향을 미치는지 알아보고자 실시하였다. 공시계는 한국재래닭과 백색레그혼으로 두 품종 모두 40주령 때 대조구(<TEX>$540cm^2$</TEX>/수) 및 고밀도구(<TEX>$311cm^2$</TEX>/수)로 분리하고, 50주령까지 10주간 사육하였다. 사양시험 종료 후, 각 개체의 간으로부터 total RNA를 추출하고, 스트레스, 소포체(ER) 스트레스 및 대사 연관유전자들의 발현을 real-time PCR을 이용하여 분석하였다. 한국재래계는 분석된 모든 스트레스 표지 유전자들의 발현이 밀사구와 대조구 사이에 유의적인 변화를 보이지 않았다. 그러나 백색레그혼의 경우, HSP70과 <TEX>$HSP90{\alpha}$</TEX> 유전자의 발현이 유의적으로 높게 나타났다(P<0.05). 분석된 ATF6, GRP78, SREBP2 등의 발현은 품종 간 차이를 볼 수 없었지만, XBP1의 경우 백색레그혼이 한국재래계에 비하여 높은 발현을 보였다(P<0.05). 분석된 유전자들 중 FABP4, FATP1, ACSL1 등의 경우, 한국재래계에 비하여 백색레그혼에서 높은 유전자 발현을 보였다(P<0.05). GLUT의 발현은 품종 간에는 영향을 받지 않지만, 밀사에 의한 영향을 받고 있음을 보여주었다. 고밀도사양 체계는 닭의 품종과 관계없이 스트레스 요인이 될 수 있으며, 닭의 품종이나 개량의 정도에 따라 스트레스 반응에 대한 유전적 차이가 있음을 시사하고, 또한 밀사와 같은 환경적 스트레스는 간의 지방 및 포도당 대사에 영향을 미칠 수 있음을 보여주었다. Chickens are exposed to the external and internal stressors such as low and high temperature, high stocking density, feed restriction and disease. There have been a few studies on gene expressions through the investigation of chickens under direct exposure to the stress of high stocking density. The objective of the present study was to determine the expressions of genes associated with stress, endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-stress, lipid and glucose metabolism in two strains of chickens, Korean Native Chicken (KNC) and White Leghorn (WL), raised in high stocking density. A total of 164 chickens aged 40 weeks were randomly allotted to a <TEX>$540cm^2/bird$</TEX> stocking density (control), whereas the chickens in a high density group were assigned in a <TEX>$311cm^2/bird$</TEX> stocking density with feeding ad libitum for 10 weeks. Total RNA was extracted from the live for qRT-PCR. The expression levels of hsp70 and <TEX>$hsp90{\alpha}$</TEX> were higher in WL subjected to stress with high stocking density compared with those genes in control (P<0.05), while the expressions of genes were not affected in KNC. ER stress marker gene XBP1 was also highly expressed in WL with stress (P<0.05), but the stress of high stocking density did not influence to ER stress marker genes in KNC. Lipid metabolism associated genes including FABP4, FATP1 and ACSL1 were highly expressed in WL compared with KNC when subjected to high stocking density stress (P<0.05). The expression of glucose transport gene GLUT2 and GLUT8 were increased in chickens exposured to the stress of high stocking density (P<0.05). The data indicate that WL is more sensitive to the stress of high stocking density compared with KNC and the stress may influence the modulation of lipid and glucose metabolism in the liver of chickens.

Topic: Animal Nutrition and Physiology
Subfield: Animal Science and Zoology
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
188-LB: Association between Age at Diagnosis of Type 2 Diabetes and Hospitalization for Heart Failure (HHF)

Background: The relation between age at T2D diagnosis and HHF is unclear. We conducted a population-based cohort study to examine the association between age at diagnosis of T2D and incident HHF in Ontario, Canada. Methods: Using administrative health databases, we identified people with new-onset T2D between April 1, 2005 and March 31, 2015. We matched each person to 3 other people without diabetes according to birth year and sex. We excluded any people with prior HHF. We used Cox proportional hazards models to estimate adjusted hazard ratios (HR) for the association between age at T2D diagnosis and incident HHF (followed up until March 31, 2020). Results: Among 743,053 individuals with T2D and 2,199,539 matches, 126,241 incident HHF events occurred (median follow-up 8.9 years). T2D was associated with a greater adjusted hazard of HHF at younger ages (e.g., HR at age 30 years: 5.71, 95% CI: 5.46-5.96; Figure: Model 1) than at older ages (e.g., HR at age 60 years: 2.51, 2.46-2.55). Additional adjustment for recognized mediators (hypertension, coronary artery disease, chronic kidney disease) marginally attenuated this relation (Figure: Model 2). Conclusion: Younger age at T2D diagnosis is independently associated with a disproportionately elevated risk of HHF relative to age-matched individuals without T2D. This relation may be substantially mediated by novel mechanisms that are inadequately understood. Disclosure C. Ke: Advisory Panel; Sanofi, Speaker's Bureau; AstraZeneca, Abbott. B. R. Shah: None. J. Echouffo tcheugui: None. Funding National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (K23HL153774 to J.E.T.); University of Toronto (to B.R.S.)

Topic: Cardiovascular Health and Risk Factors
Subfield: Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
When the Clock Is Ticking: The Role of Mitotic Duration in Cell Fate Determination

ABSTRACT Mitosis is a crucial phase of the cell cycle, during which several mechanisms work together to ensure accurate chromosome segregation and to eliminate defective cells if errors occur. One key mechanism is the spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC), which upon mitotic errors—such as those induced by genetic mutations, drug treatments, or environmental stresses—arrest cells in mitosis. Arrested cells may undergo apoptosis during mitosis or eventually exit mitosis even if the damage remains unrepaired. Mitotic exit is driven by a reduction in cyclin B1 levels, regulated during mitosis by multiple mechanisms affecting both its synthesis and degradation. Strikingly, cells harboring the tumor suppressor p53 can monitor the duration of mitosis and encode this information as a form of “mitotic memory”. This memory influences the fate of daughter cells after mitotic exit by inducing G1 arrest through p53‐dependent expression of the cyclin‐dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitor p21. Recent studies have proposed mechanisms by which cyclin B1 levels are regulated during mitotic arrest and how p53 promotes mitotic‐arrest‐dependent transcription of p21 in G1. These findings indicate that both the expression of regulators that control mitotic duration and the activity of proteins that monitor the duration of mitosis and halt proliferation work together to determine cell fate following mitotic errors. Understanding these mechanisms offers valuable insights for cancer therapy, particularly regarding the strategic application of antimitotic agents.

Topic: Microtubule and mitosis dynamics
Subfield: Cell Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Schwerer Verlauf einer Leptospirose mit akutem Nierenversagen und ausgeprägtem Ikterus (Morbus Weil) [A severe course of leptospirosis with acute kidney failure and extensive icterus (Weil disease)]

A 77-year-old man developed a fever up to 38.4 degrees C, with diarrhoea, acute renal failure (creatinine up to 8.7 mg/dl; urea up to 308 mg/dl) and marked jaundice (total bilirubin up to 24.3 mg/dl). In addition there was thrombocytopenia, conjunctivitis and epistaxis, as well as cerebral symptoms with somnolence and general slowing up. At first he was thought to have cholangitis resulting from previously diagnosed gall-stones, and he was therefore treated with ampicillin, 2 g two times daily, and metronidazole, 0.5 g two times daily. The fewer regressed, but the renal failure required haemodialysis and haemofiltration under strict fluid control. Endoscopy excluded obstructive jaundice, but a suspicion of inflammatory liver disease or possibly cirrhosis was raised in the differential diagnosis. Serology revealed an increased titre for Leptospira interrogans var. sejroe (1:200, later 1:1600). Liver biopsy finding was compatible with the diagnosis of leptospirosis. Because of the high inflammatory activity in the liver, 2 mega units of penicillin G were administered three times daily for six days. Gradually the renal functions and jaundice improved and, on discharge on the 36th day, the patient was again in generally good health, although creatinine and bilirubin values were still slightly elevated (1.7 mg/dl each).

Topic: Leptospirosis research and findings
Subfield: Parasitology
Field: Immunology and Microbiology
Domain: Life Sciences
Actinomyces-Related Tubo-Ovarian Abscess in a Poorly Controlled Type II Diabetic With a Copper Intrauterine Device

Although actinomyces-related IUD PID is considered an outdated diagnosis, there are intermittent case reports of bizarre presentations in older women, often mimicking malignancy. Actinomyces should be a consideration in tubo-ovarian abscesses or pelvic inflammatory disease in patients with an IUD in place, particularly those who have poor glucose control or are otherwise immunosuppressed. Early identification and treatment of actinomyces tubo-ovarian abscesses may reduce surgical morbidity and overall improve patient outcomes and safety.

Topic: Actinomycetales infections and treatment
Subfield: Microbiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Three’s Company: Two or More Unrelated Receptors Pair with the Same Ligand

Abstract Intercellular communication relies on signal transduction mediated by extracellular ligands and their receptors. Although the ligand-receptor interaction is usually a two-player event, there are selective examples of one polypeptide ligand interacting with more than one phylogenetically unrelated receptor. Likewise, a few receptors interact with more than one polypeptide ligand, and sometimes with more than one coreceptor, likely through an interlocking of unique protein domains. Phylogenetic analyses suggest that for certain triumvirates, the matching events could have taken place at different evolutionary times. In contrast to a few polypeptide ligands interacting with more than one receptor, we found that many small nonpeptide ligands have been paired with two or more plasma membrane receptors, nuclear receptors, or channels. The observation that many small ligands are paired with more than one receptor type highlights the utilitarian use of a limited number of cellular components during metazoan evolution. These conserved ligands are ubiquitous cell metabolites likely favored by natural selection to establish novel regulatory networks. They likely possess structural features useful for designing agonistic and antagonistic drugs to target diverse receptors.

Topic: Receptor Mechanisms and Signaling
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Synthesis and Characterization of Complexes of Mn(Ii) And Co (Ii) With N,N'-Orthophenylene Bis - ( 1-Phenyl-1,2-Butadione-2-Oxime )

Complexes of Mn(II) and Co(II) ion with N,N’-Orthophenylene bis-(1-phenyl-1,2-butadione-2-Oxime) were synthesized and characterized by analyzing by I.R. electronic spectra and magnetic moment susceptibility. Complexes of the type M(H2L)X2 where M=Co(II) &amp; Mn(II) and X=Cl-, Br-, I-, No3- and ClO4- were obtained.

Topic: Metal complexes synthesis and properties
Subfield: Oncology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
INSPIRE and NSDI Implementation in Europe: Its status in 2009

The INSPIRE initiative aims to contribute to the development of a European Spatial Data Infrastructure. The aim of this infrastructure is to allow the public sector users at the European, national, regional and local levels to share easily spatial data from a wide range of resources in an interoperable way for the execution of a variety of public tasks. INSPIRE is not developed from scratch, but builds upon existing and emerging components of the national, sub-national and thematic Spatial Data Infrastructures (SDI). Although INSPIRE should assist policy-making in relation to policies and activities that may have a direct or indirect impact on the environment (European Commission, 2007), it is believed that it will be useful for and have a positive influence on other sectors as well.

Topic: Geographic Information Systems Studies
Subfield: Geography, Planning and Development
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
The Synergy of School and Madrasah Diniyah in Implementing Full Day School

This study aims to describe the synergy pattern built between schools and madrasah diniyah in applying full day school.Schools and madrasahs are two different entities in the education system in Indonesia.Yet, in the end, it can be synergized in the form of full day school.This research includes qualitative research with phenomenological approach.The data collection techniques used are interviews, observations and documents, whereas the data analysis used is Miles and Hubberman analysis model which involves data reduction, data presentation and conclusion.The conclusion of this study illustrates the synergy pattern between school and madrasah diniyah materialized in the form of cooperation in implementing madrasah diniyah school.The cooperation in question is creative and mutually beneficial to both parties.The implication of this study provides a full day school model by combining the school and madrasah diniyah.

Topic: Education and Character Development
Subfield: Education
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Green and Dry-Weight Equations for Above-ground Components of Planted Loblolly Pine Trees in the

Prediction equations based on 130 sample trees from thinned and unthinned loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) plantations in central Louisiana are pre- sented for the green and dry weights of aboveground tree components. Sample trees ranged from 2 to 21 in. dbh, 18 to 94 ft in height and from 9 to 55 yr in age. Signifi- cant differences in partial stem weight be- tween trees from thinned and unthinned stands required development of separate sets of weight ratio equations. The range of the studies' observations increases the pre- dictive applicability of planted loblolly pine biomass equations.

Topic: Forest ecology and management
Subfield: Nature and Landscape Conservation
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
A Universal Data Access and Protocol Integration Mechanism for Smart Home

With the lack of standardized or completely missing communication interfaces in home electronics, there is no perfect solution to address every aspect in smart homes based on existing protocols and technologies.In addition, the central control unit (CCU) of smart home system working point-to-point between the multiple application interfaces and the underlying hardware interfaces leads to its complicated architecture and unpleasant performance.A flexible data access and protocol integration mechanism is required.The current paper offers a universal, comprehensive data access and protocol integration mechanism for a smart home.The universal mechanism works as a middleware adapter with unified agreements of the communication interfaces and protocols, offers an abstraction of the application level from the hardware specific and decoupling the hardware interface modules from the application level.Further abstraction for the application interfaces and the underlying hardware interfaces are executed based on adaption layer to provide unified interfaces for more flexible user applications and hardware protocol integration.This new universal mechanism fundamentally changes the architecture of the smart home and in some way meets the practical requirement of smart homes more flexible and desirable.

Topic: Innovation in Digital Healthcare Systems
Subfield: Health Information Management
Field: Health Professions
Domain: Health Sciences
[Dynamics of the leading risk factors of ischemic heart disease in a male population over 40-years-old according to the results of a prospective epidemiologic study].

The purpose of the survey was to study the time course of the leading CHD risk factors in an open population of men born in 1916-1935 during a prolonged prospective study and to specify CHD interrelationship with new cases of disease and a course of nonfatal CHD. A population of 5000 males from one of the Leningrad districts was examined with an interval of 7.6 yrs. The first screening included 3907 persons, the repeated screening 2096. In the period of observation the number of persons with the absence of leading risk factors decreased (from 11.5 to 9.6%), the frequency of arterial hypertension (AH) increased (from 32.9 to 42.3%), the proportion of examinees with atherogenic dyslipoproteinemia (DLP) remained the same. By the results of the first screening in 50% of the persons with atherogenic DLP the blood lipid composition in 7.6 yrs returned to normal; AH persisted in 80% of the examinees. The presence of the 3 leading risk factors during the first and second screenings was accompanied by the highest frequency of stable CHD and the highest index of new cases of disease.

Topic: Cardiovascular Health and Risk Factors
Subfield: Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Enzymic mechanism of starch breakdown in germinating rice seeds V. Sucrose phosphate synthetase in the scutellum&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn1"&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/xref&gt;

Some enzymic Properties of a partially purified preparation of sucrose phosphate synthetase (E.C.2.4.1.14) from germinating rice seed scutella were studied. Examination of the reaction kinetics revealed that the rate of synthesis of sucrose phosphate follows the Michaelis-Menten equation at an optimum PH of 7.5, having Km of 25 mM for UDP-glucose, and of 4.9 mM for fructose 6-phosphate. UDP inhibited the enzyme reaction competitively; K1 of 3.3 mM. Fe++ and Fe+++ activated the enzyme reaction about 2-fold; Ka, 0.3 mM and 2.0 mM, respectively. Co++, Co(NH3)6+++, Mg++ and Mn++ also activated the enzyme reaction. At high concentration K+ activated the enzyme reaction with the maximum activation of 24% at 400 mM. The molecular weight and S20,w value of the enzyme were determined as 4.5 × 105 and 10.4S, respectively.

Topic: Plant nutrient uptake and metabolism
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences