jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Are Assisted Dying and Palliative Care Intersecting in Australian Clinical Practice? A Case Series

Objectives Assisted dying and palliative care represent distinct approaches to addressing the needs of patients with advanced, progressive, and life-limiting illness. Although 5 years have passed since the Voluntary Assisted Dying (VAD) Act was passed in Victoria (Australia), little is known about the VAD and palliative care interface in clinical practice. This retrospective case series examined patients who requested VAD and received inpatient specialist palliative care (SPC). Methods Retrospective case series of patients admitted to a single-site public palliative care unit (PCU) between June 2019 and June 2024, who had enquired about or requested VAD at any point in time. Results 6% of patients admitted to the PCU enquired about or requested VAD at any point in time; 2% raised VAD during their PCU admission, while the remaining patients were admitted with existing requests made in other healthcare settings. A small proportion of patients had VAD requests made by caregivers or had statements misinterpreted as VAD requests. Requests for VAD were made to palliative care professionals (50%) across multiple settings where palliative care is delivered. Most patients (44%) did not progress past an initial request for VAD, and 32% made requests in their final 2 weeks of life. Four patients administered the VAD substance and died while in the PCU. In the PCU, patients discussed VAD with their treating team (number of documented conversations ranging from 0 to 25 during admission). Conclusions This case series highlights a tangible intersection between SPC and VAD in that patients enquired about and requested VAD to palliative care teams, and in the PCU, they discussed and completed VAD. Implications for SPC will be discussed.

Topic: Palliative Care and End-of-Life Issues
Subfield: Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
<i>*The Immanent Saga of Guðmundr ríki</i>

This volume presents twenty essays by leading scholars of Old Norse which bring into focus the nature of learned traditions — both oral and written — in medieval Scandinavia and the interpretation and re-interpretation of them over time. Theoretical frameworks for understanding Old Norse literature is the initial topic of the collection, which then moves on to present recent work on Old Norse myth and society; current perspectives on oral traditions in performance and text; and reflections on medieval ideas about language, both vernacular and Latin. The collection is rounded off by a section on prolonged traditions — the transformation of local and imported traditions into new literary forms. Individual essays in the volume offer significant primary research as well as reconsiderations of key issues in scholarship, their subjects ranging widely, both conceptually and chronologically, around the twin themes of learning and understanding. Like the research of the volume’s honorand, Margaret Clunies Ross, Learning and Understanding in the Old Norse World exemplifies the diversity and vigour of current research in the field of Old Norse and draws together philological, literary, historical and anthropological perspectives on the subject.

Topic: Historical and Archaeological Studies
Subfield: History
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Comment on hess-2023-47

<strong class="journal-contentHeaderColor">Abstract.</strong> Efficient adaptation strategies to climate change require estimating future impacts and the uncertainty surrounding this estimation. Over- or under-estimating future uncertainty may lead to maladaptation. Hydrological impact studies typically use a top-down approach in which multiple climate models are used to assess the uncertainty related to climate model structure and climate sensitivity. Despite ongoing debate, impact modelers have typically embraced the concept of "model democracy" in which each climate model is considered equally fit. The newer CMIP6 simulations, with several models showing a climate sensitivity larger than that of CMIP5 and larger than the likely range based on past climate information and understanding of planetary physics, have reignited the model democracy debate. Some have suggested that hot models be removed from impact studies to avoid skewing impact results toward unlikely futures. This large-sample study looks at the impact of removing hot models on the projections of future streamflow over 3,107 North American catchments. More precisely, the variability of future projections of mean, high, and low flows is evaluated using an ensemble of 19 CMIP6 GCMs, 5 of which are deemed "hot" based on their global equilibrium climate sensitivity (ECS). The results show that the reduced ensemble of 14 climate models provides streamflow projections with reduced future variability for Canada, Alaska, the Southwest US, and along the Pacific coast. Elsewhere, the reduced ensemble has either no impact or results in increased variability of future streamflow, indicating that outlier climate models do not necessarily provide outlier projections of future impacts. These results emphasize the delicate nature of climate model selection, especially based on global fitness metrics that may not be appropriate for local and regional assessments. &emsp;

Topic: Hydrology and Watershed Management Studies
Subfield: Water Science and Technology
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
INTERMEDIATE TRANSFORMATION STRUCTURE AND CONTROL COOLING PROCESS IN LOW CARBON BAINITIC STEEL

Abstract. The influence of processing parameters on the intermediate phase transformation for the low carbon microalloying steel was studied. Three kinds of microstructures were observed in the isothermally held specimens: the quasi-polygonal ferrite, intergranularly and/or intragranularly nucleated acicular ferrite and lath-like bainitic ferrite sheaves. During the continuous cooling, the cooling rate and the accelerated cooling start and finish temperature were investigated and the optimum TMCP process was determined for the low carbon bainitic steel.

Topic: Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Steels
Subfield: Mechanical Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
SERINE PROTEASE FROM MIDGUT OF <i>Bombus terrestris</i> MALES

A serine protease was isolated from midguts of the bumblebee male Bombus terrestris by a combination of precipitation procedures with column chromatography. The purified enzyme exhibited two bands with molecular masses of 25 and 26 kDa as determined by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. These bands showed a proteolytic activity in zymography assay. Midgut enzymes showed optimum proteolytic activity at pH 9 and 35°C using N‐succinyl‐L‐alanyl‐L‐alanyl‐L‐prolyl‐L‐phenyl‐alanine 4‐nitroanilide as a substrate. The Michaelis constant (Km) and maximum reaction rate (Vmax) were 0.55 ± 0.042 mM and 0.714 ± 0.056 μmol p‐nitroalanine produced min −1 mg protein −1 , respectively. Inhibition was affected by trypsin inhibitor, but not by phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride and N‐tosyl‐L‐phenylalanine chloromethyl ketone, which indicated the trypsin‐like but not chymotrypsin‐like specificity. The identity of the serine protease was confirmed by nanoliquid‐tandem mass spectrometry. Eleven unique peptides of the B. terrestris serine protease were found. It shows high homology to a previously reported B. ignitus serine protease covering more than 65% of the protein amino acid sequence.

Topic: Protein Hydrolysis and Bioactive Peptides
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Diabetic renal disease in transitional and disadvantaged populations

SUMMARY: Diabetes mellitus has reached epidemic proportions throughout much of the world, and people from developing countries and disadvantaged groups from developed countries are affected disproportionately. Not only is diabetes more common in these populations, but it develops at an earlier age. Accordingly, patients have more years of life in which to develop the chronic complications of diabetes and the risk of complications is often further enhanced by limited access to health care. Renal disease is a frequent consequence of diabetes in these populations, and a number of factors related to poverty, malnutrition and accelerated lifestyle changes may lead to even greater rates in the future.

Topic: Birth, Development, and Health
Subfield: Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Travel-related diseases: injury and infectious disease prevention

To counsel prospective travelers, physicians should familiarize themselves with risks and exposures associated with travel. The most common causes of travelers’ mortality and morbidity, respectively, are accidents and infections. Precautions to prevent accidents include limiting alcohol use, providing vehicle-specific safety precautions, and recognizing special risks in areas traveled. A knowledge of immunization regulations and endemic diseases can facilitate counseling travelers. Booster immunizations against childhood vaccine-preventable diseases may be needed. Gamma globulin prophylaxis should be used to prevent hepatitis A in areas where fecal contamination of foodstuffs occurs. Since effective immunotherapy for travelers’ diarrhea does not exist, practical advice regarding food and water exposure is essential. Among the elderly, attention should be directed toward the effects of travel on age-specific medical problems (e.g., cardiovascular events) which may occur more often in this age group than do infections. Other recommendations should be tailored to the specific activities of a given traveler.

Topic: Travel-related health issues
Subfield: Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Melanism as a potential thermal benefit in eastern fox squirrels (Sciurus niger)

Abstract Melanistic fox squirrels (Sciurus niger) have expanded westward and increased in frequency in the Omaha, Nebraska, and Council Bluffs, Iowa, metropolitan areas. The selective advantage of melanism is currently unknown, but thermal advantages have been hypothesized, especially in winter. No difference in metabolic response curves were measured between melanistic (black) and rufus (orange) fox squirrels. When exposed to sunny skies, both melanistic and rufus squirrels had higher surface (skin and fur) temperature as ambient temperatures increased. Melanistic squirrel surface temperatures did not differ when squirrels were exposed to sunny or cloudy skies. However, rufus individuals showed significantly lower increases in surface temperatures when under cloudy skies. During fall months, rufus individuals were about 1.5 times more active throughout the day than melanistic individuals. However, in winter, melanistic fox squirrels were approximately 30% more active in the mornings (before 13:00) compared to rufus squirrels. Pre-winter body condition was higher in melanistic (25.5 ± 1.8 g/cm) compared to rufus (20.30 ± 3.6 g/cm) fox squirrels; however, there were no significant differences between melanistic (22.8 ± 1.4 g/cm) and rufus (23.9 ± 0.8 g/cm) fox squirrel post-winter body condition. The results of this study indicate that melanistic fox squirrels may have a slight winter thermal advantage over rufus fox squirrels by maintaining higher skin temperatures.

Topic: Bat Biology and Ecology Studies
Subfield: Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Electrodeposition of In2S3 buffer layer for Cu(In,Ga)Se2 solar cells

The electrochemical deposition of In2S3 thin films was carried out from an aqueous solution of InCl3 and Na2S2O3. The effect of the potential of deposition was studied on the cell parameters of CIGSe based solar cells. The obtained films depending on the deposition potential and thickness exhibited complete substrate coverage or nanocolumnar layers. XPS measurements detected the presence of indium sulphide and hydroxide depending on the deposition parameters. Maximum photoelectric conversion efficiency of 10.2% was obtained, limited mainly by a low fill factor (56%). Further process optimization is expected to lead to efficiencies comparable to CdS buffer layers.

Topic: Chalcogenide Semiconductor Thin Films
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Dual phase-detected infrared photothermal microscopy

Infrared photothermal microscopy (IPM) has recently gained considerable attention as a versatile analytical platform capable of providing spatially resolved molecular insights across diverse research fields. This technique has led to numerous breakthroughs in the study of compositional variations in functional materials and cellular dynamics in living cells. However, its application to investigate multiple components of temporally dynamic systems, such as living cells and operational devices, has been hampered by the limited information content of the IP signal, which only covers a narrow spectral window (&lt; 1 cm -1 ). Here, we present a straightforward approach for measuring two distinct IPM images utilizing the orthogonality between the in-phase and quadrature outputs of a lock-in amplifier, called dual-phase IR photothermal (DP-IP) detection. We demonstrate the feasibility of DP-IP detection for IPM in distinguishing two different micro-sized polymer beads.

Topic: Spectroscopy Techniques in Biomedical and Chemical Research
Subfield: Biophysics
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
The Isolation and Rearrangement of Pure Acyclic Allylic Hydroperoxides

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Isolation and Rearrangement of Pure Acyclic Allylic HydroperoxidesWilliam F. BrillCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1965, 87, 14, 3286–3287Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1965Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1965https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01092a077RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views113Altmetric-Citations34LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (249 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts

Topic: Synthetic Organic Chemistry Methods
Subfield: Organic Chemistry
Field: Chemistry
Domain: Physical Sciences
An Analysis of Effect on Regional Travel by Impassable District

IN THE PRESENT PAPER, WE DISCUSS THE INTERNAL TRAVEL CUT OFF BY NATURAL OBSTACLES AND THE LARGE SITES IN BOUNDED REGION. BY REDEFINING THE MEASURE OF THE POINT PAIRS WHOSE DISTANCE ARE LESS THAN R, WE DESCRIBE THE NEW METHOD FOR ANALYSIS OF DISTANCE BY ITS DISTRIBUTION. THE DISTANCE DISTRIBUTION IS USED FOR MEASURING THE EFFECT OF A IMPASSIBLE LARGE DISTRICT ON THE TRAVEL AROUND IT.

Topic: Korean Urban and Social Studies
Subfield: Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
On the design of incremental &amp;#x2211;&amp;#x0394; converters

The theoretical basis and design techniques of incremental converters for obtaining optimum performances are presented. The most suitable architectures and signal processing are identified. They allow to limit the loss of resolution caused by active components with finite gain and bandwidth. Matching of elements that enables the use of multi-bit quantizers is also discussed.

Topic: Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuit Design
Subfield: Biomedical Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
CHEMICAL, PHYSICAL AND MINERALOGICAL PROPERTIES OF A PODZOL SOIL WITH FRAGIPAN DERIVED FROM GLACIAL TILL IN THE PROVINCE OF QUEBEC

From chemical analyses performed on an Arago profile, it met the requirements of the Podzol order, except for exchange properties. The cation exchange capacity was low and the ΔCEC never reached the limit of 8 meq/100 g. Qualitative and quantitative mineralogical analyses showed that illite was the predominant component of the fine fraction throughout the profile. Weathering from non-expanding 2:1 minerals to expanding ones occurred in the upper horizons. Two types of clay mineral interstratification were observed. The first type, present in the whole profile, was a randomly interstratified illite-montmorillonite complex. The second was a mixed-layer mineral formed by chlorite and vermiculite. It was found mainly in the fragipan and, to a lesser extent, in the parent material. From the mineral distribution, the pan firmness was not necessarily related to the presence of illite.

Topic: Clay minerals and soil interactions
Subfield: Biomaterials
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Genome-based microorganism classification using coalition formulation game

Genome-based microorganism classification is the one of interesting issues in microorganism taxonomy. However, the advance in sequencing technology requires a low-complex algorithm to process a great amount of bio sequence data. In this paper, we suggest a coalition formation game for microorganism classification, which can be implemented in distributed manner. We extract word frequency feature from microorganism sequences and formulate the coalition game model that considers the distance among word frequency features. Then, we propose a coalition formation algorithm for clustering microorganisms with feature similarity. The performance of proposed algorithm is compared with that of conventional schemes by means of an experiment. According to the result, we showed that the correctness of proposed distributed algorithm is similar to that of conventional centralized schemes.

Topic: Hepatitis C virus research
Subfield: Hepatology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
The Antibiotic Prescribing Pathway for Presumed Urinary Tract Infections in Nursing Home Residents

Objectives: Due to the high rates of inappropriate antibiotic prescribing for presumed urinary tract infections (UTIs) in nursing home (NH) residents, we sought to examine the antibiotic prescribing pathway and the extent to which it agrees with the Loeb criteria; findings can suggest strategies for antibiotic stewardship. Methods: Chart review of 260 randomly-selected cases from 247 NH residents treated with an antibiotic for a presumed UTI in 31 NHs in North Carolina. We examined the prescribing pathway from presenting illness, to the prescribing event, illness work-up and subsequent clinical events including emergency department use, hospitalization, and death. Analyses described the decision-making processes and outcomes and compared decisions made with Loeb criteria for initiation of antibiotics. Results: Of 260 cases, 60% had documented signs/symptoms of the presenting illness and 15% met the Loeb criteria. Acute mental status change was the most commonly documented sign/symptom (24%). NH providers (81%) were the most common prescribers and ciprofloxacin (32%) was the most commonly prescribed antibiotic. Fourteen percent of presumed UTI cases included a white blood cell count, 71% included a urinalysis, and 72% had a urine culture. Seventy-five percent of cultures grew at least one organism with ≥100,000 colony-forming units/milliliter and 12% grew multi-drug resistant organisms; 28% of antibiotics were prescribed for more than 7 days, and 7% of cases had a subsequent death, emergency department visit, or hospitalization within 7 days. Discussion: Non-specific signs/symptoms appeared to influence prescribing more often than urinary tract-specific signs/symptoms. Prescribers rarely stopped antibiotics, and a minority prescribed for overly long periods. Providers may need additional support to guide the decision-making process to reduce antibiotic overuse and antibiotic resistance.

Topic: Urinary Tract Infections Management
Subfield: Epidemiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Figure S4 from CREBBP/EP300 Bromodomain Inhibition Affects the Proliferation of AR-Positive Breast Cancer Cell Lines

&lt;p&gt;Effects of treatments on MYC expression. mRNA determined by qPCR and normalized to GAPDH expression (top panel) and protein levels determined by western blot (bottom panel) of MYC after treatment of cells with 2 μM CBP30, 10 μM C646 and 150 nM JQ1 for 48 hours.&lt;/p&gt;

Topic: Protein Degradation and Inhibitors
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Integration in the Regions: Cross-sectoral Housing Policy Co-ordination at Regional Level

This paper considers policy integration between housing and other sectors at regional level, focusing on Regional Development Agencies (RDAs) and regional planning. Regional housing structures and policies have had only a marginal impact on other sectors and this seems to be due in part to the fragmented nature of the housing sector, in particular to limited private sector involvement in regional housing structures. RDA emphasis on economic growth over social and regeneration issues also acts as a barrier to RDA engagement with housing. Housing involvement in planning is hindered by lengthy and cumbersome planning processes. Fragmentation and lack of co-ordination, in fact, seem to be characteristic of the regional level in England and this acts as a general barrier to integration, along with the lack of a mechanism for dealing with conflicting priorities, pointing to a pressing need for the government's proposed directly elected Regional Assemblies.

Topic: Housing, Finance, and Neoliberalism
Subfield: Finance
Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance
Domain: Social Sciences