jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Microstructures and Mechanical Properties of Dissimilar Metal Weld A508/52M/316L Used in Nuclear Power Plants

The microstructures and mechanical properties of a dissimilar metal weld A508/52M/316L used in the primary water system of pressurized water reactor (PWR) nuclear power plants were investigated. The weld exhibits complicated microstructures, with significant change around the interfaces A508/52M and 52M/316L. The variations of main elements in 52M weld metal are greater than those in the A508 and 316L, with significant changes in the zones closed to the interfaces. The bulk 52M weld metal has higher and more uneven hardness than both of the base metals A508 and 316L. The HAZ of A508 exhibits the highest hardness value in the weld. The area around the A508/52M interface is the most weak part for stress corrosion cracking (SCC) resistance of the weld in simulated PWR primary water at 290°C. SCC was only found in the specimens tested at +200mV(SHE) but not in those tested at both -780mV and Ecorr (about -500mV).

Topic: Non-Destructive Testing Techniques
Subfield: Mechanical Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Diagnostic accuracy of brush biopsy–based cytology for the early detection of oral cancer and precursors in Fanconi anemia

Background Individuals with Fanconi anemia (FA) have a 500‐fold to 700‐fold elevated risk, much earlier onset, and limited therapeutic options for oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) compared with the general population. The early detection of SCC, or preferably its precursors, is mandatory to retain curative therapeutic options. Due to frequent synchronic and metachronic oral lesions, tissue biopsies, as usually recommended by guidelines, often are not feasible. In the current study, an alternative strategy for early detection using oral brush biopsy–based cytology was validated regarding its diagnostic accuracy. Methods Over a 12‐year period, the oral cavities of a large cohort of 713 individuals with FA were inspected systematically and brush biopsy–based cytology of 1233 visible oral lesions was performed. In cases of inconclusive cytology, analysis of DNA ploidy was performed whenever possible. The results were correlated to a long‐term clinicopathological follow‐up reference standard. Results A total of 737 lesions were suitable for statistical analysis, including 86 lesions with at least high‐grade oral epithelial dysplasia in 30 patients. For cytology, the sensitivity and specificity were 97.7% and 84.5%, respectively. Additional analysis of DNA ploidy increased the sensitivity and specificity to 100% and 92.2%, respectively. Conclusions Careful inspection of the oral cavity of individuals with FA followed by brush biopsy–based cytology appears to identify visible oral, potentially malignant and malignant lesions that warrant treatment. Approximately 63% of SCC and precursor lesions are detected at a noninvasive or early stage. Negative cytology or a lack of DNA aneuploidy can exclude high‐grade oral epithelial dysplasia or SCC with high accuracy and thus reduce the need for invasive diagnostic biopsies.

Topic: Oral Health Pathology and Treatment
Subfield: Periodontics
Field: Dentistry
Domain: Health Sciences
The Expression of β-catenin in rectal carcinoma

Objective To evaluate the expression of β-catenin in rectal carcinoma.Methods The expression levels of β-catenin were detected in 60 cases with rectal carcinoma and 20 cases with normal paraneoplastic rectal mucous tissues using immunohistochemistry.Results β-catenin was positively expressed in the normal cases.The abnormal expression rate was 66.7%,and did not correlate with gender,age,histological differentiation(P﹥0.05),but it correlated with lymphnode metastasis(P﹤0.01).Conclusion The abnormal expression of β-catenin may play an important role in the generation and development of colorectal carcinoma.

Topic: Endometrial and Cervical Cancer Treatments
Subfield: Obstetrics and Gynecology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
A multicenter phase II trial of losoxantrone (DuP-941) in hormone-refractory metastatic prostate cancer.

Our purpose in this study was to determine the efficacy and toxicity of losoxantrone (DuP-941), an anthrapyrazole, in patients with metastatic hormone-refractory prostate cancer. Patients with metastatic prostate cancer progressing on androgen ablation therapy without demonstrable antiandrogen withdrawal response were treated with losoxantrone 50 mg/m2 i.v. bolus every 21 days. All of the patients had elevated serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) before study entry and had no prior chemotherapy. Forty-three assessable patients were entered. The median age was 70.6 years (range, 53.9-85.9), median Karnofsky performance scale (KPS), 70% (50-90%), and the median serum PSA, 173 microg/liter (12.5-11,140). The median number of courses was 4 (1-9). Five patients (25%) had a partial response as defined by >50% decline in the serum PSA. Two of nine patients with measurable disease had partial responses and three had minor responses. Thirty percent of patients had improvement in KPS and 37% had an improvement in symptoms with decrease in pain and/or decrease in analgesic requirement. Nonhematological grade 3 and 4 toxicities were one each of grade 3 headache, grade 4 hypocalcemia, grade 3 hyperbilirubinemia, and grade 3 dyspnea. Twenty-six patients (60%) had grade 3 or 4 absolute neutropenia. In conclusion, losoxantrone demonstrated a partial biochemical response rate of 25%, response in measurable disease sites in 22%, and improvement in clinical symptoms in one-third of patients. In this study, PSA increase was not necessarily associated with lack of palliative response.

Topic: Prostate Cancer Treatment and Research
Subfield: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
The value of safety and safety as a value

The research presented in this document analyzes how safety values are defined and used in practice, in particular by managers, and how they affect employers’ and employees’ decisions and behaviour at work. The work comprises three complementary activities: a literature review on the value of safety and safety as a value, focusing on the moral, social and business dimensions that strengthen safety values; a set of semi-structured interviews with CEOs in several European countries, which collected their perception of safety as a value and its impact in company strategy and in the workplace; a Delphi survey (N=111), which collected consensus statements on the value of safety, on values that support safety, and the mechanisms that form and reinforce values that are perceived to support safety values in practice.

Topic: Occupational Health and Safety Research
Subfield: Radiological and Ultrasound Technology
Field: Health Professions
Domain: Health Sciences
The relationship of the quality of health services tangible dimensions with patient satisfaction in the health services of the Lepo-Lepo Health Center Kendari City, Indonesia

Currently, along with advances in the field of science and technology today, the understanding and needs of the community are also increasing in obtaining quality public services and satisfying customers. Public Health Center as health service providers need to synergize with these advances. The purpose of the study was to determine the relationship between the qualities of health services in the tangible dimension with patient satisfaction at the Lepo-Lepo Public Health Center, Kendari City in 2021. This type of research was a survey with a Cross Sectional Study approach. The study population was 448 patients. The research sample was 211 patients. Collecting data by using a questionnaire. Data analysis was performed by Univariate and Bivariate. The results showed that there was no correlation between tangibles and patient satisfaction in health services at the Lepo-Lepo Health Center, Kendari City in 2021 with a value of p = 0.75 (p&gt;0.05). Recommendation; Public Health Center should continue to improve professionalism in health services, increase the availability of service infrastructure and patient satisfaction.

Topic: Healthcare Quality and Satisfaction
Subfield: General Health Professions
Field: Health Professions
Domain: Health Sciences
What Can Sen’s Capability Approach Offer to Labour Law?

Abstract In response to modern questions about traditional justifications for the need for labour law, the chapter explains that such a justification must be a theory of justice. The chapter argues that Sen’s capability approach cannot, contrary to Langille’s claims, provide such a theory of justice for three reasons: the approach endorses relatively unregulated markets, its goal-based approach cannot justify adequate institutional foundations for labour law, and it fails to recognize distributive justice as a key aim of labour law. Nevertheless, Sen’s capability approach can throw light on the justice of particular aspects of labour law such as affirmative action and the importance of flexibility, learning, and autonomy at work.

Topic: International Labor and Employment Law
Subfield: Political Science and International Relations
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
A taxonomic and cladistic analysis of the west European genus<i>Monobella</i>(Collembola, Neanuridae)

The genus Monobellu Cassagnau, 1979 (Collembola) is redefined. Four new species and one new subspecies are described from Pyrenees and Cevennes (France) on the basis of labrum morphology, tubercle arrangement on tergites and chaetotaxy of somites: Monobellu culvu sp. n., Monobellu eduphica sp. n., Monobellu grussei minor ssp. n., Monobellu juu sp. n., and Monobellu rousseti sp. n. The subspecies Monobellu grussei dubiu Deharveng, 1986 is reassigned to specific level. A key to the 14 species and subspecies of Monobellu is given. Except M. g. minor ssp. n. which is present in the Pyrenees and the Massif Central and the widespread M. g. grussei (Denis, 1923), all Monobellu species and subspecies are narrow endemics of the Pyrenean range; their distribution is mapped in details. A phylogenetic analysis is performed, taking into account the high level of polymorphism of some characters and the incomplete genetic isolation between certain subspecies, indicated in the field by the presence of narrow hybrid zones. Though obtained under different assumptions and constraints, the most parsimonious cladograms exhibit only slight differences, and the proposed phyletic reconstruction can be considered as robust. It adequately reflects the known distribution of the species in the Pyrenees, it confirms the monophyly of the species M. grussei and supports, in agreement with field distribution data, the idea that reticulate evolution might have occurred in this taxon. © The Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters

Topic: Collembola Taxonomy and Ecology Studies
Subfield: Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Comparative genomics and transcriptomics of Xanthomonas campestris : Session 3- Physiologie, génétique et génomique des bactéries

The Xanthomonas campestris species causes different diseases on a wide range of Brassicas and is composed of at least four pathovars (campestris, incanae. raphani. unnamed). This species encompasses both vascular and non-vascular pathogens. A comparative genomic analysis of X campestris diversity was performed at the intraspecific and intrapathovar levels by sequencing more than 40 strains. Structural genome annotation was performed and benefited from deep sequencing of small and large RNAs. This approach allowed the exact determination of transcriptional start sites and the identification of small noncoding RNAs. We also used RNA sequencing to characterize the type III regulon in several strains and could identify novel type 111 effectomes. Core and variable genomes and type 111 effectomes were determined. These results evidenced an unsuspected genomic diversity in this species. The latest progress in this project will be presented. (Texte intégral)

Topic: Plant Pathogenic Bacteria Studies
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Cyclic AMP and amine effects on phosphorylation of specific protein in abdominal ganglion of <i>Aplysia californica;</i> localization and kinetic analysis

Abstract Incubation of abdominal ganglia, obtained from Aplysia californica weighing 120‐‐260 g, with octopamine or serotonin led to marked increases in cAMP (cyclic adenosine 3′,5′‐monophosphate) levels after 10 min of incubation; these increases were blocked by phentolamine and methysergide, respectively. Incubation for 21 hr with octopamine also produced an elevation in cAMP levels but prolonged incubation with serotonin did not. Both these amines increased incorporation of 32 P or 33P into a specific protein with apparent molecular weight of 118,000, upon incubation with the ganglion for 21 hr. The selective effect on this phosphoprotein was previously shown to be blocked by phentolamine (for octopamine effect) or methysergide (for serotonin effect) and could be mimicked by addition of dibutyryl cAMP to the medium. Incubation for more than 15 hr was required to generate a stable phosphoprotein pattern in which 5 phosphoprotein peaks could be reliably identified on polyacrylamide gels. With shorter incubations there was marked variability between ganglia with respect to the proteins which incorporated radioactive phosphate. The dibutyryl cAMP effect on phosphorylation of specific protein could not be demonstrated with incubations shorter than 15 hr. The specific effect on the phosphoprotein with molecular weight 118,000 was not observed in a number of large identified cells removed from the ganglion after 21 hr of incubation with radioactive phosphate and dibutyryl cAMP. The effect was also not observed in connective nerves and the bag cell clusters, but was consistently present in that portion of the ganglion remaining after these dissections. Upon subcellular fractionation the phenomenon was not observed in a crude nuclear fraction but was consistently present in a crude mitochondrial fraction. All these results are consistent with the possibility that the change in phosphoprotein metabolism produced by dibutryl cAMP may be localized in the neuropil, which contains all the synaptic contacts in this ganglion.

Topic: Neurobiology and Insect Physiology Research
Subfield: Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences
[Radiobiological effect of 131I radiolabeled recombinant human epidermal growth factor on nude mice with human breast cancer].

The radiobiological effect of 131I radiolabeled recombinant human epidermal growth factor (131I-rhEGF) on nude mice with human breast cancer was assessed in this study. The tissue mainly uptaking 131I-rhEGF was found by tissue distribution assay in mice. The radiation breakdown of the tissue greatly collecting 131I-rhEGF was examined by biochemical test and biopsy in nude mice with human breast cancer. The tissue distribution assay of 131I-rhEGF in mice showed that 131I-rhEGF greatly accumulated in kidney, liver, spleen and blood. The biochemical test and biopsy revealed that 131I -rhEGF injected twice (dosing once is analogous to 14.58 GBq in a person with 50 kg, once every 14 days) had an effective killing effect on tumor but had no effect of radiation breakdown on kidney, liver,spleen and blood-cell forming tissue in mice with human breast cancer. Therefore, 131I-rhEGF is a drug unharmful to normal tissues in the course of the receptor-mediated target radiotherapy for breast cancer.

Topic: Cancer, Hypoxia, and Metabolism
Subfield: Cancer Research
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
"DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER" T-PROCESS REGRESSION NONPARAMETRIC BAYES-BASED HETEROGENEOUS GENE REGULATORY NETWORK INFERENCE:

Recent research into time-varying network inference for gene expression data mainly assumes that gene regulatory networks have linear interactions. This assumption is straightforward and requires comparatively simple model building. However, in various previous biological studies, gene expression data have been believed to have nonlinear properties in their regulatory interactions. To address this, we adopted a nonparametric Bayesian regression method (e.g. a Gaussian Process) for predicting interactions into a time-varying network to achieve more flexible regression capability. The proposed method was evaluated on Drosophila melanogaster gene data, which has been used as a benchmark in a number of studies. This dataset, which was measured by a microarray test, is known to include noise. To obtain stronger robustness to noisy data, in our algorithm, we employed the T-Process instead of the conventional Gaussian Process. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first algorithm to apply nonparametric Bayesian regression method to a time-varying gene regulatory network problem. Our basic algorithm employed reversible jump Markov Chain Monte Carlo (RJMCMC) for inference of whole network structures. The method can handle the two inference problems: (i) change point detection and (ii) network structure inference simultaneously.

Topic: Gene Regulatory Network Analysis
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Erica calycina Linnaeus 1762

Erica nigrita Linnaeus, Systema Naturae, ed. 12, 2: 270; Mantissa Plantarum: 65. 1767. "Habitat ad Cap. b. spei." RCN: 2722, 2803. Neotype (designated here by Oliver): South Africa. Cape Peninsula (3318CD), Cecilia, E slopes of Table Mtn, 29 Oct 1946, W.F. Barker 4282 (NBG). Current name: Erica calycina L. (Ericaceae).

Topic: Viral Infections and Vectors
Subfield: Infectious Diseases
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Effect of Radioiodine (I-131) to TSH, T3 and FT4 Hormone Levels in Hyperthyroidism High Uptake Patients

Background: Thyroid hormones have an important role for the body metabolism.Hyperthyroidism is a condition when thyroid hormone increases due to abnormalities in thyroid gland.Hyperthyroidism is a second largest endocrine disease in Indonesia, some risk factors that aggravate age, gender and smoking.Radioiodine (I -131 ) is one of the effective therapies for high uptake hyperthyroidism.Objective: The purpose of this study is to determine characteristics and therapeutic effect of radioiodine (I -131 ) to TSH, T3 and FT4 hormone levels hyperthyroidism high uptake patients in Nuclear Medicine Department, Dr. Hasan Sadikin Hospital Bandung, Indonesia 2014-2015 periods.Materials and Methods: This study was analytic with cross sectional design.Data obtained from 234 hyperthyroid patientʼs medical records.The data was statistically analyzed with Wilcoxon test.Results: The results showed that hyperthyroidism high uptake occurred at young adult and in women patients, hyperthyroid patients had a history of taking antithyroid drugs before radioiodine therapy and radioiodine (I -131 ) therapeutic dose was mostly given 8 mCi.Hormone level of TSH had increased but T3, FT4 had decreased and FT4 hormone levels before and after therapy has significant difference (p<0.005).Conclusion: Radioiodine (I -131 ) was one of the effective therapies for high uptake hyperthyroidism patients.

Topic: Thyroid Disorders and Treatments
Subfield: Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
A chromosome level genome assembly of Pseudoroegneria libanotica reveals a key Kcs gene involves in the cuticular wax elongation for drought resistance

The St genome of Pseudoroegneria (Triticeae, Poaceae) not only accounts for more than 60% perennial speciation, but also prominent for forage and crop breeding. The diploid Pseudoroegneria libanotica with more ancient St genome is covered by cuticular wax on the aerial part, and exhibited strong drought resistance. To reveal the genetic relationship among Triticeae species and illustrate the mechanism between water deficit and cuticular wax formation, in this study, we (1) assembled the chromosome level St genome of Pse. libanotica with 2.99 Gb assembled into seven pseudochromosomes; less repeat clusters (TEs) is the main reason for the St genome with smaller genome size, and high genome heterozygosity might cause abundant St-containing speciation; (2) the genus Pseudoroegneria diverged during the middle and late Miocene, and unique genes, gene family expansion and contraction in Pse. libanotica were enriched in biotic and abiotic stresses, such as fatty acid biosynthesis which may be greatly contribute to the its drought adaption; (3) in total, 14 genes were involved in wax biosynthesis under 28 days drought treatment, more importantly, a new Kcs gene evm.TU.CTG175.54 plays a critical role in the very long chain fatty acid (VLCFA) elongation from C18 to C26 in Pse. libanotica. Our study lays a foundation for the genome diversification of Triticeae species and deciphers cuticular wax formation genes that have contributed to the drought resistance of Pse. libanotica.

Topic: Plant Surface Properties and Treatments
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Cloning and sequencing analysis of TRP1 gene of Flammulina velutipes

The genomic TRP1 gene from basidiomycete Flammulina velutipes was cloned by complementation of yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae trp1 mutation. Sequencing analysis revealed that the TRP1 gene encoded a single protein consisting of three catalytic functional domains; glutamine amidotransferase, indole-3-glycerol phosphate synthase) and N-(5′-phosphoribosyl) anthranilate isomerase, in order of NH2-glutamine amidotransferase–indole-3-glycerol phosphate synthase–N-(5′-phosphoribosyl) anthranilate isomerase–COOH. The coding sequence of the TRP1 gene was interrupted by a single intron of 48 bases, the position and flanking sequences of which were highly homologous to those of basidiomycete Phanerochaete chrysosporium trpC.

Topic: Phytochemistry and Bioactive Compounds
Subfield: Biomaterials
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Management of severe upper gastrointestinal bleeding in the ICU

Purpose of review Upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) is a common condition that can lead to significant morbidity and mortality. Critical care physicians usually get involved in the care of patients with severe UGIB that is associated with hemodynamic compromise. We aim to provide the readers with evidence-based review of the management of patients with severe UGIB. Recent findings Proton pump inhibitors are the main pharmacologic intervention for UGIB, along with adequate resuscitation and timely endoscopic intervention. Endoscopic therapy should be performed as soon as haemodynamics stabilization is achieved, which requires team collaboration. Several radiologic interventions are now commonly used as a second-line intervention after endoscopy. Summary The management of severe UGIB requires multidisciplinary collaboration, prompt recognition and resuscitation, carful use of blood products, early correction of coagulopathy, and early endoscopic or radiologic interventions.

Topic: Gastrointestinal Bleeding Diagnosis and Treatment
Subfield: Gastroenterology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences