jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
FEM Analysis and Design of the Magnetizer on the Tubing Thread Area

Several SMFL(separate magnetic flux leakage) inspection models are put forward according the configuration tubing thread area,the distribution of each inspection model and the effects of magnetizing system parameters on the tubing thread are studied by FEM numerical computing technique and the design is optimized.The analysis result provides theory guidance for the design of the tubing thread inspection sensor and the signal processing system.

Topic: Non-Destructive Testing Techniques
Subfield: Mechanical Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Optogenetic dissection of RET signaling reveals robust activation of ERK and enhanced filopodia-like protrusions of regenerating axons

<title>Abstract</title> RET (REarranged during Transfection) is a receptor tyrosine kinase that transduces various external stimuli into biological functions, such as survival and differentiation, in neurons. In the current study, we developed an optogenetic tool for modulating RET signaling, termed optoRET, combining the cytosolic region of human RET with a blue-light–inducible homo-oligomerizing protein. By varying the duration of photoactivation, we were able to dynamically modulate RET signaling. Activation of optoRET recruited Grb2 (growth factor receptor-bound protein 2) and stimulated AKT and ERK (extracellular signal-regulated kinase) in cultured neurons, evoking robust and efficient ERK activation. By locally activating the distal part of the neuron, we were able to retrogradely transduce the AKT and ERK signal to the soma and trigger formation of filopodia-like F-actin structures at stimulated regions through Cdc42 (cell division control 42) activation. Importantly, we successfully modulated RET signaling in dopaminergic neurons of the substantia nigra in the mouse brain. Collectively, our findings suggest that optoRET has potential for treating neurological disorders such as Parkinson’s disease by promoting the ramification of auxiliary fibers on axon terminals.

Topic: Neurogenesis and neuroplasticity mechanisms
Subfield: Developmental Neuroscience
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences
OVERVIEW PRESENTATION AND STATISTICAL REPRESENTATION OF ICTHYOFAUNAL DIVERSITY, THREATS AND CONSERVATION OF SRIKAKULAM DISTRICT WETLANDS, ANDRAPRADESH, INDIA

Wetlands are among the most productive ecosystems in the srikakulam district and its play a vital role in flood control, aquifer recharge, nutrient absorption and erosion control. . In addition, wetlands provide home for a huge diversity of fishes. The Indian fish fauna i s divided into two classes, viz., Chondrichthyes a nd Osteichthyes. The Chondrichthyes are represented by 131 species under 67 genera, 28 families and 10 orders in the Indian region (Kar el al, 2000). The Indian Osteichthyes are represented by 2,415 species belonging to 902 genera, 226 families and 30 orde rs,birds, mammals, frogs, insects and plants (Buckton, 2007).Thus the wetlands help in maintaining biodiversity of fauna. F ourt six (46) fish species of fishes were collected during a systematic survey of 54 wetlands in srikakulam district in andraprades h state, during the study period from April 2013 to March 2014. Based on this survey and on literature review I was prepared a checklist with 46 speci es , economic classification , statistical reports and threats of srikakulam district welands. The presen t study indicates importance of the icthyofauna of wetlands. In view of the degradation of wetlands more complete detailed studies and conservation measures should be necessary for sustainable ecosystems in the district srikakulam.

Topic: Fish Biology and Ecology Studies
Subfield: Aquatic Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Adoption of technology to improve self-sufficiency in paddy plantations in Brunei: Challenges and mitigation strategies for intermediate stakeholders.

Abstract Rice has always been one of the basic foods in ASEAN Member States. The government typically provides substantial subsidies for this. Shortage of staple food production is one of the top issues being addressed now as the countries face pandemic concerns. Achieving food security is a great concern, particularly for countries where a substantial portion of the population depends on food imports. The countries need to prioritize food security and increase self-sufficiency due to the unpredictable impact of climate change as the food crisis gets worse. In addition, since irrigation plays an important part in paddy farming, efficient and intensive farming, or smart farming, has been required to mitigate the food-supply problem. Smart agriculture with the use of Internet of Things (IoT) is part of the Smart Nation’s initiative to reach Brunei’s 2035 vision. This paper highlights the present status of agricultural condition and practices in Brunei as well as some issues and challenges faced. This paper also analyses the policies for sustainable best practices of growing paddy within the region. Various technology and non-technology strategies to overcome these challenges are defined, especially those dealing with the new norm.

Topic: Rice Cultivation and Yield Improvement
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Determined the critical factors of facial mask products and size design

Facial mask has been essential products for skin care in Taiwan. There is more than 50 billion market for cosmetic facial mask. The purpose of this study was to determine the critical design factors of cosmetic facial mask by factors analysis and analytic hierarchy process. Further, the sizes of face and facial mask have been compared in 9 characteristics. For factors analysis, the five dimensions that involved the product characteristics, usability, marketing and brand spokesman, purchased convenience and price, shape of facial mask. In overall sorting by AHP, the comfortable, perfectly fit, price, shape of facial mask, function, ingredient are the most priorities of design factors criteria. Sizes of facial mask have been re-designed to fitting the facial anthropometry.

Topic: Ergonomics and Musculoskeletal Disorders
Subfield: Social Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Soil pH, Ca and Mg Stability and pH Association with Temperature and Groundwater Silicon

Objective: It is generally known that pH, Ca and Mg have changed remarkably during 1961-90, but their inter-areal variation seems not have been fully discussed nor explained.Parameters of cropland have been earlier associated with CHD mortality.Silicon (Si) and temperature (Temp) have been earlier assessed with human CHD mortality.In this study we have assessed soil values of 21 Rural Centers (RC) from the 1960's, 1970's and 1980's, [(60's) (70's), (80's)] with respective mean annual temperatures from 1981-2010 and mean groundwater (gw) Si content.Results: Combined regression by pH(60's) and pH(70's) explained pH(80) by 96.8 % (p < 0.001).Ca. (60's) and Ca.(70's) explained respectively Ca.(80's) by 99.3 % (p < 0.001) and Mg.(60's) and Mg.(70's) explained respectively Mg.(80's) by 92.3 % (p < 0.001).Combined regression by Temp and Si explained pH (80's) by 86.5 % (p < 0.001).Respectively combined regression by Temp and pH (80's) explained gw Si by 77.5 % (p < 0.001). Conclusion:Groundwater silicon is associated with the soil matrix factor (sources of groundwater silicon/silicon colloids?), which seems with temperature to explain inter-areal pH variation and obviously is associated with relative local stability of cropland Ca and Mg (and soil fertility).Maybe now is the time to increase Si trials in agriculture.

Topic: Silicon Effects in Agriculture
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
High‐Throughput Nanofabrication of Metasurfaces with Polarization‐Dependent Response

Abstract Metal nanostructures offer exciting ways to manage light at the nanoscale exploited in fields such as imaging, sensing, energy conversion, and information processing. The optical response of the metallic architectures can be engineered to exhibit photonic properties that span from plasmon resonances to more complex phenomena such as negative refractive index, optical chirality, artificial magnetism, and more. However, the latter optical properties are only observed in intricate architectures, which are highly demanding in terms of nanofabrication and hence less scalable and far away from device implementation. Here, a series of metasurfaces covering centimeter areas and operating in the visible spectrum are presented, which are produced from the combination of nanoimprinting lithography and oblique angle metal evaporation. The potential of this scalable approach is illustrated by easily fabricating metasurfaces engineered to exhibit artificial optical magnetism, tunable linear polarization dependent response, chirality with g ‐factor of 0.2, and photoluminescence enhancement of 20 times over a 9 mm 2 area.

Topic: Metamaterials and Metasurfaces Applications
Subfield: Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Ethnicity and Postmigration Health Trajectory in New Immigrants to Canada

Objectives. In this prospective cohort study, we examined the trajectory of general health during the first 4 years after new immigrants’ arrival in Canada. We focused on the change in self-rated health trajectories and their gender and ethnic disparities. Methods. Data were derived from the Longitudinal Survey of Immigrants to Canada and were collected between April 2001 and November 2005 by Statistics Canada. We used weighted samples of 3309 men and 3351 women aged between 20 and 59 years. Results. At arrival, only 3.5% of new immigrants rated their general health as poor. Significant and steady increases in poor health were revealed during the following 4 years, especially among ethnic minorities and women. Specifically, we found a higher risk of poor health among West Asian and Chinese men and among South Asian and Chinese women than among their European counterparts. Conclusions. Newly arrived immigrants are extremely healthy, but the health advantage dissipates rapidly during the initial years of settlement in Canada. Women and minority ethnic groups may be more vulnerable to social changes and postmigration settlement.

Topic: Migration, Health and Trauma
Subfield: Clinical Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Factors influencing personal saving in Thailand / Nurul Fathiyah Ghazali

Personal saving is the portion of personal income that is left over after personal current taxes and outlays for personal consumption expenditures, non mortgage interest payments, and net current transfers to government and the rest of the world. It excludes capital gains because capital gains represent changes in the prices of assets that are already owned, not unspent portions of income receipts. Personal saving represents the contribution from persons to national saving, which is the total amount that is available to fund investment in fixed assets, inventories, or foreign assets. This paper empirically analyzes the Factors Influencing Personal Saving in Thailand. The data are collected from Malaysia Economic Report, Bank Negara, Bank of Thailand, International Financial Statistics, Bursa Malaysia and Valuation and Services Department. The study used multiple regression analysis to see the relationships between dependant and independent variables. Personal saving was used as dependant variable and stock return, home ownership, and disposable income as independent variables. From the analysis that has been done, there is sufficient evidence to conclude that there is a relationship between disposable income, home ownership and stock return with personal saving in Thailand.

Topic: Islamic Finance and Banking Studies
Subfield: Accounting
Field: Business, Management and Accounting
Domain: Social Sciences
Studies on constituents of Bignoniaceae plants. IV. Isolation and structure of a new iridoid glucoside, campsiside, from Campsis chinensis.

A new iridoid glucoside, campsiside, was isolated along with 5-hydroxycampsiside (pond-raneoside) and an alkaloid, boschniakine, from Campsis chinensis. The structures of campsiside and 5-hydroxycampsiside (pondraneoside) were established as 5 and 12, respectively, from chemical and spectral evidence.

Topic: Phytochemistry and Biological Activities
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Deconstructing the shopping experience of tourists to the Dubai Shopping Festival

Shopping Festivals are being promoted as tourism products, thus attracting large number of tourists. Recent years have seen the growth of shopping festivals and shopping gaining greater significance in tourism, given its contribution to the retail and tourism sectors of a destination. This empirical study discusses the shopping experience of international tourists visiting the Dubai Shopping Festival (DSF). Data was collected from 603 international, English speaking tourists, using the mall intercept technique, during the XVIII edition of the DSF from January to February 2013. Exploratory factor analysis was employed to delineate seven factors which suggest that tourists do not shop independent of the shopping environment. Shopping experience involves much more than the acquisition of goods. Store Attribute, Mall Atmospherics, Safety, Mall Amenities, Product Attribute and Staff Service positively influence tourists’ shopping experience. The findings of this study will help the stakeholders in designing specific products and shopping environments.

Topic: Consumer Retail Behavior Studies
Subfield: Marketing
Field: Business, Management and Accounting
Domain: Social Sciences
Caching and memory management in client-server database systems

The widespread adoption of client-server architectures has made distributed computing the conventional mode of operation for many application domains. At the same time, new classes of applications have placed additional demands on database systems, resulting in an emerging generation of Object-Oriented Database Management Systems (OODBMSs). The combination of these factors gives rise to significant challenges and performance opportunities in the design of modern database systems. This thesis proposes and investigates techniques to provide high performance and scalability for these new systems, while maintaining the transaction semantics, reliability, and availability associated with more traditional database architectures. The common theme of the techniques developed here is the utilization of client resources through caching-based data replication.
The initial chapters describe the architectural alternatives for client-server database systems, present the arguments for using caching as the basis for constructing page server database systems, and provide an overview of other environments in which caching-related issues arise. The bulk of the thesis is then focused on the development and simulation-based performance analysis of algorithms for data caching and memory management. A taxonomy of transactional cache consistency algorithms is developed, which includes the algorithms proposed in this thesis as well as others that have appeared in the literature. A performance study of seven proposed algorithms is then presented. The study shows that significant performance and scalability gains can be obtained through client caching, and enables the quantification of the design tradeoffs that are identified in the taxonomy.
The remainder of the thesis extends the caching-based techniques to further improve system performance and scalability. The first extension is the investigation of algorithms to efficiently manage the global memory hierarchy that results from allowing client page requests to be satisfied from the caches of other clients, thus avoiding disk accesses at the server. The second extension investigates algorithms for using local client disks to augment client memory caches. Both extensions are shown to be simple and effective way to reduce dependence on server disk and cpu resources.

Topic: Distributed systems and fault tolerance
Subfield: Computer Networks and Communications
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
An Antigen Resembling HL-A7 on the Leukocytesof Vervet Monkeys

Human leukocyte typing sera of known specificities were used to test the leukocyte antigens of vervet monkeys. The results suggest that these leukocytes contained an antigen resembling the HL-A7 antigen of human leukocytes. This is similar to a previous observation with leukocytes from baboons. These findings are consistent with the suggestion that the 4a/4b complex is the precursor substance from which the other specificities have evolved.

Topic: Cell Adhesion Molecules Research
Subfield: Immunology and Allergy
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Natalizumab reduces loss of gray matter and thalamic volume in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: A post hoc analysis from the randomized, placebo-controlled AFFIRM trial

Background: Loss of brain gray matter fractional volume predicts multiple sclerosis (MS) progression and is associated with worsening physical and cognitive symptoms. Within deep gray matter, thalamic damage is evident in early stages of MS and correlates with physical and cognitive impairment. Natalizumab is a highly effective treatment that reduces disease progression and the number of inflammatory lesions in patients with relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS). Objective: To evaluate the effect of natalizumab on gray matter and thalamic atrophy. Methods: A combination of deep learning–based image segmentation and data augmentation was applied to MRI data from the AFFIRM trial. Results: This post hoc analysis identified a reduction of 64.3% ( p = 0.0044) and 64.3% ( p = 0.0030) in mean percentage gray matter volume loss from baseline at treatment years 1 and 2, respectively, in patients treated with natalizumab versus placebo. The reduction in thalamic fraction volume loss from baseline with natalizumab versus placebo was 57.0% at year 2 ( p &lt; 0.0001) and 41.2% at year 1 ( p = 0.0147). Similar findings resulted from analyses of absolute gray matter and thalamic fraction volume loss. Conclusion: These analyses represent the first placebo-controlled evidence supporting a role for natalizumab treatment in mitigating gray matter and thalamic fraction atrophy among patients with RRMS. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT00027300 URL: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00027300

Topic: Multiple Sclerosis Research Studies
Subfield: Pathology and Forensic Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
TRPM4 is a regulator of Ca2+ dependent cell functions

Using a Trpm4 knockout mouse model, we have shown that TRPM4 proteins constitute Ca2+‐activated non‐selective cation channels in mast cells. TRPM4 critically determines the driving force for Ca2+ influx upon FcepsilonRI receptor stimulation, i.e. Trpm4‐/‐ mast cells display a significantly hyperpolarized membrane potential and increased Ca2+ entry after antigen‐mediated activation compared to WT mast cells. Consequently, degranulation and release of histamine from BMMC's is agente and Trpm4‐/‐ mice display a more severe IgE‐mediated acute passive cutaneous anaphylactic (PCA) response. These results established for the first time the physiological role of TRPM4 channels as critical regulators of Ca2+ entry in mast cells and for the development of acute hypersensitivity reactions in mice. Additional experiments have shown that selected insecticides that ameliorate allergic reactions interact with TRPM4. TRPM4 also critically determines migration of mast cells. In TRPM4‐/‐ mast cells, antigen induced migration and SCF induced chemotaxis are defective. Thus, TRPM4 is a critical regulator of Ca2+ dependent mast cell function. We will extend these results to other cell types expressing TRPM4.

Topic: Allergic Rhinitis and Sensitization
Subfield: Immunology and Allergy
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Communication through Playful Systems: Presenting Scientific Worlds the Way a Game Might Do

More than ever, science is in the unenviable position of competing for the hearts and minds of the public against utterly false accounts of our world. These false accounts are often deeply spiritual, poetic, sublime-despite being false, they can leave a mark on the human imagination. It is difficult to convey scientific research in a way that leaves the audience with a comparable sense of awe or a personal connection to the subject matter. This is an area where games as a cultural form can offer some assistance and insight. A game can convey its complex inner workings with ease by engaging an audience through play. It is expressive communication that sows intuitive understanding and fosters a personal connection between the human player and the represented world. Games like Minecraft and Portal are thus increasingly being used in classrooms to teach math, physics, spatial reasoning, and even the scientific method. I discuss the process of designing interactive experiences in games as a model for effective communication. Drawing on examples from my own work at Double Fine Productions and the work of others, I offer insights from game design to address parallel challenges in scientific communication. I explore ways of introducing an audience to an unfamiliar world through narrative and play. For example, by setting up the rules of an unfamiliar world in an interactive way, especially through iterative problem solving, you can lead a novice audience to a nuanced understanding of that world's complexity without overloading information. These strategies can enhance communication of scientific research in any format.

Topic: Educational Games and Gamification
Subfield: Developmental and Educational Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
[Remifentanil--ultra-short acting opioid and its possible applications in anesthesiology].

Remifentanil is a new, ultra-short acting opioid, which may be applied in several branches of anaesthesia. Data concerning pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics as well as review of references regarding practical use, combining this drug with other anaesthetics agents and side effects are given. Particular attention is paid to the usefulness of remifentanil to provide good control of haemodynamics and stress response during surgical procedures. Remifentanil also seems to be very effective in the intensive care setting and for pain control during various medical procedures.

Topic: Anesthesia and Sedative Agents
Subfield: Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
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Topic: Pancreatic function and diabetes
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences