jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Does the evolution of micromorphology accompany chromosomal changes on dysploid and polyploid levels in the Barnardia japonica complex (Hyacinthaceae)?

Abstract Chromosome number and genome size changes via dysploidy and polyploidy accompany plant diversification and speciation. Such changes often impact also morphological characters. An excellent system to address the questions of how extensive and structured chromosomal changes within one species complex affect the phenotype is the monocot species complex of Barnardia japonica . This taxon contains two well established and distinct diploid cytotypes differing in base chromosome numbers (AA: x = 8, BB: x = 9) and their allopolyploid derivatives on several ploidy levels (from 3 x to 6 x ). This extensive and structured genomic variation, however, is not mirrored by gross morphological differentiation. The current study aims to analyze the correlations between the changes of chromosome numbers and genome sizes with palynological and leaf micromorphological characters in diploids and selected allopolyploids of the B. japonica complex. The chromosome numbers varied from 2 n = 16 and 18 (2 n = 25 withthe presence of supernumerary B chromosomes), and from 2 n = 26 to 51 in polyploids on four different ploidy levels (3 x , 4 x , 5 x , and 6 x ). Despite additive chromosomes numbers compared to diploid parental cytotypes, all polyploid cytotypes have experienced genome downsizing. Analyses of leaf micromorphological characters did not reveal any diagnostic traits that could be specifically assigned to individual cytotypes. The variation of pollen grain sizes correlated positively with ploidy levels. This study clearly demonstrates that karyotype and genome size differentiation does not have to be correlated with morphological structured differentiation of cytotypes.

Topic: Plant Diversity and Evolution
Subfield: Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
[Amniotic fluid embolism].

The amniotic fluid embolism continues to be an unusual, but catastrophic situation, with high mortality. With a complex pathophysiology, it leads to cardiovascular collapse and disseminated intravascular coagulation. The immediate cardiopulmonary resuscitation and monitoring in an Intensive Care Unit with a multidisciplinary team are essential aspects in the management of this situation.

Topic: Maternal and fetal healthcare
Subfield: Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Impaired cerebral vasoreactivity in white coat hypertensive adolescents

Although its incidence is not high, adolescent hypertension may predict hypertension and increased cardiovascular risk in adulthood. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to assess whether cerebrovascular reactivity is altered in adolescent white coat and sustained hypertensive patients compared to healthy teenagers.Fifty-nine normotensive, 47 white coat hypertensive (WCH), and 73 sustained hypertensive (SH) adolescents were studied. WCH and SH were differentiated by ambulatory blood pressure monitoring. Cerebrovascular reactivity was assessed by transcranial Doppler breath-holding test and was expressed in percent (%) change to the resting cerebral blood flow velocity value.The percent increase in middle cerebral artery mean blood flow velocity after 30 s of breath holding was lower in both WCH (5.3 ± 3.1%) and SH (9.5 ± 2.6%) groups indicating lower vasodilatory reactivity compared to healthy adolescents (12.1 ± 2.2%). Additionally, serum nitric oxide (NOx) concentrations were lower in both WCH (30.6 ± 11 μM) and SH (30.7 ± 22.4 μM) groups compared to controls (38.8 ± 7.6 μM). Both white coat and sustained hypertension result in decreased vasodilatory reaction to CO(2) in adolescents, suggesting involvement of the cerebral arterioles. The present study underlines the importance of early recognition and proper treatment of adolescent hypertension in order to prevent long-term cardiovascular complications.

Topic: Cardiovascular Health and Disease Prevention
Subfield: Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
The Ultimate Guide for Selecting Repetition Tempos

Apply it! By reading this article, you will learn: • Repetition tempo, which is sometimes referred to as repetition duration, describes movement velocity during eccentric, isometric, and concentric phases of one repetition. Thus, repetition tempo plays a major role in set duration, which is commonly referred to as time under tension (TUT). • When a general population client is training for hypertrophy, the effective duration range for one repetition is 0.5 to 8 seconds. The key is making sure your client is training close to momentary muscular failure. When strength is the primary goal, there is evidence that repetition durations of less than 1 to 20 seconds are effective. Although power can be improved with a variety of tempos, a 2-second eccentric duration followed by a maximal speed concentric duration ( i.e. , “X”) is the most effective. • For those working with elderly patients, strength, power, and physical function can be improved with 3/3- and 3/X-second tempos, but the latter is most effective. • For those working with patients in cardiac rehabilitation or patients with cardiovascular disease, it is important to keep TUT short, which is accomplished by using faster repetition tempos ( e.g. , 1/1 vs. 2/2 seconds).

Topic: Sports Performance and Training
Subfield: Orthopedics and Sports Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Transcriptomic Insights into Salt Stress Response in Two Pepper Species: The Role of MAPK and Plant Hormone Signaling Pathways

Salt stress imposes significant plant limitations, altering their molecular, physiological, and biochemical functions. Pepper, a valuable herbaceous plant species of the Solanaceae family, is particularly susceptible to salt stress. This study aimed to elucidate the physiological and molecular mechanisms that contribute to the development of salt tolerance in two pepper species (Capsicum baccatum (moderate salt tolerant) and Capsicum chinense (salt sensitive)) through a transcriptome and weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) approach to provide detailed insights. A continuous increase in malondialdehyde (MDA) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) levels in C. chinense and higher activities of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and peroxidase (POD) in C. baccatum indicated more tissue damage in C. chinense than in C. baccatum. In transcriptome analysis, we identified 39 DEGs related to salt stress. Meanwhile, KEGG pathway analysis revealed enrichment of MAPK and hormone signaling pathways, with six DEGs each. Through WGCNA, the ME.red module was identified as positively correlated. Moreover, 10 genes, A-ARR (CQW23_24856), CHIb (CQW23_04881), ERF1b (CQW23_08898), PP2C (CQW23_15893), ABI5 (CQW23_29948), P450 (CQW23_16085), Aldedh1 (CQW23_06433), GDA (CQW23_12764), Aldedh2 (CQW23_14182), and Aldedh3 (CQW23_11481), were validated by qRT-PCR. This study provides valuable insights into the genetic mechanisms underlying salt stress tolerance in pepper. It offers potential targets for future breeding efforts to enhance salt stress resilience in this crop.

Topic: Plant Stress Responses and Tolerance
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Dutasteride add‐on therapy reduces detrusor mass in patients with benign prostatic enlargement not satisfied with alpha‐adrenergic antagonist monotherapy: A single center prospective study

AIMS The ultrasound assessment of bladder wall thickness (BWT) and intravesical prostatic protrusion (IPP) have emerged as a non‐invasive, inexpensive, time‐saving alternatives to pressure‐flow studies to assess benign prostatic obstruction (BPO). Aim of our study was to evaluate the effect on detrusor mass of dutasteride add‐on therapy in men with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) and benign prostatic enlargement (BPE). METHODS A consecutive series of BPE patients with a prostate volume (PV) ≥30 mL and an international prostate symptoms score (IPSS) ≥8 not satisfied with Tamsulosin monotherapy were enrolled. Free maximum flow (Qmax), PV, BWT, and IPP were recorded at baseline and at 24 weeks follow‐up. RESULTS Overall, 27 men were enrolled. Dutasteride significantly improved LUTS (−46.7%; P = 0.001) and Qmax (+18.7%; P = 0.001) and reduced PV (−13%; P = 0.002), BWT (−40.3%; P = 0.001), and IPP (−14.9%; P = 0.015). At baseline, based on BWT ≥5 mm and an IPP &gt;10 mm, 13/27 (48%) and 15/27 (55%) patients were defined at risk for BPO, respectively; while after 24 weeks of treatment they were 3/27 (11.1%) and 11/27 (40%), respectively. CONCLUSIONS Dutasteride add‐on therapy significantly reduced IPP and detrusor mass and was effective in improving LUTS in patients with BPE not satisfied with αBs monotherapy. The possible role of BWT and IPP as proxies of medical treatment outcomes should be confirmed by further studies.

Topic: Urinary Bladder and Prostate Research
Subfield: Urology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Extensible executable models in the development of an ePortfolio

The ePortfolio have become a valuable tool applied in multiple contexts such as education and employment, with many of purposes and audiences. In the educational context the ePortfolios help to guide, motivate and track training processes and facilitate communication between participating agents. The IMS ePortfolio specification intends to standardize the structure of ePortfolios to enable the exchange and interoperability between applications that use them. This article proposes the application of extensible executable models to model the domain of features or attribute-value properties, and apply it to building a student ePortfolio. The context of use of the portfolio is defined by the projects Cumbia LD and cupi2, and takes into consideration the IMS ePortfolio specification for the design.

Topic: Reflective Practices in Education
Subfield: Education
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
EXPLORING SEROTONIN 1B AUTORECEPTOR MEDIATED REGULATION OF SEROTONIN TRANSPORTER IN FEMALE MICE

Rationale: Serotonin (5-HT) is a crucial neurotransmitter involved in regulating various physiological processes. Dysregulation of the serotonergic system has been implicated in several neuropsychiatric disorders. Though numerous 5-HT receptors exist, the 5-HT transporter (SERT) is responsible for 5-HT clearance in the brain and periphery. 5-HT1Bautoreceptors regulate 5-HT release and interact with glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK3β), which can modulate SERT function via specific Ser44/48 phosphorylation sites. While these findings suggest a potential interplay between 5-HT1Band GSK3β-mediated SERT phosphorylation in regulating extracellular 5-HT, the primary causal molecular link remains unknown.\nObjectives: To investigate if 5-HT1B activation by the agonist CP-94253 influences SERT-mediated 5-HT clearance through GSK3β-dependent - SERT-Ser44/48 phosphorylation, and to examine regional and sex differences.\nMethods: 5-HT uptake assay and kinetic analysis performed with region-specific crude synaptosomes from female wild-type mice and SERT-A44/A48 knock-in mice, following CP-94253 treatment.\nResults: In wild-type female mice, CP-94253 treatment showed a non-significant enhancement of SERT-mediated 5-HT uptake in the striatum and hippocampus. Kinetic analyses revealed a significant increase in the Vmax of 5-HT uptake in the hippocampus. However, SERT S44A/S48A knock-in mice exhibited elevated SERT-mediated uptake even without treatment, and CP-94253 did not further increase uptake in these mice, suggesting the importance of these phosphorylation sites.\nConclusions: The loss of CP-94253-induced changes in uptake kinetics in the SERT S44A/S48A knock-in mice, in both the striatum and hippocampus, reinforces the critical role of these SERT phosphorylation sites in mediating the 5-HT1B receptor-GSK3β regulation of SERT function and 5-HT reuptake dynamics.

Topic: Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
Subfield: Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences
Effect of organic matter and chemical fertilizers on the degradation of benthiocarb and mcpa herbicides in the soil

Abstract The degradation of herbicides in soils amended with rice straw, compost and NPK chemical fertilizers was investigated in the laboratory under upland, oxidative-flooded (aerobic-flooded) and reductive-flooded (anaerobic-flooded) conditions using 14C-benthiocarb and 14C-MCPA labelled at the phenyl ring. Rice straw, compost and NPK amendments promoted the degradation of these herbicides under upland and oxidative-flooded conditions and large amounts of 14CO2 were evolved. Under reductive-flooded conditions, the degradation of the herbicides was remarkably slow and the various soil amendments had practically no effect on the degradation of the two herbicides. 4-Chlorobenzoic acid, desethylbenthiocarb, benthiocarb sulfoxide and 4-chlorobenzyl methyl sulfone were found to be the major degradation products of benthiocarb. Rice straw amendments appeared to increase the amount of benthiocarb sulfoxide but the amount of desethylbenthiocarb was reduced by both rice straw and compost, especially under upland conditions. 4-Chloro-2-methylphenol, which was the major degradation product of MCPA, was produced in relatively large amounts in the rice straw amendment under oxidative-flooded conditions and in the NPK amendment under upland conditions.

Topic: Pesticide and Herbicide Environmental Studies
Subfield: Pollution
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
The effect of Co doping on spin cluster resonance in the one-dimensional Ising ferromagnet FeTAC

Electron paramagnetic resonance measurements at 36 GHz and in the range 12–18 GHz were made on a single crystal of the 1D Ising ferromagnet [(CH3)3 NH] FeCl3&amp;sdot;2H2O, known as FeTAC, containing a nominal 10% of the isomorphous compound CoTAC. While the 4.2 K spectra obtained with the external field parallel to the chain axis were similar to the spin cluster resonance spectra previously identified in pure FeTAC, differences in the low-field satellite structure were observed, which are tentatively attributed to differences in the dipolar interaction and to shorter ferrous chains. An appreciable decrease in the strength of the demagnetizing field is associated with the tendency of the Co2+ moments to align perpendicularly to the chain axis.

Topic: Magnetism in coordination complexes
Subfield: Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Status of fish diversity in Surha Taal, a natural lake in the floodplains of river Ganga, in Ballia District, Uttar Pradesh, India

The study presents the status of fish diversity, abundance and habitat structure of Surha Lake, which is a perennial and natural lake fed by the river Ganga. The study was conducted between 2011 to 2013 covering pre and post-monsoon seasons. In total, 4,852 individual fish specimens were collected representing 66 fish species belonging to 23 families. The species diversity comprised 65 species in pre-monsoon and 60 species in post-monsoon season (p&lt;0.05). The highest species diversity was recorded for the family Cyprinidae (22), followed by Bagridae (7). An assessment of conservation status of 66 fish species as per IUCN Red List 2019 criteria listed 6 species under near threatened (NT), 54 under least concern (LC) and two species under vulnerable (VU) category. The study reports several commercially important species under near threatened (Chitala chitala, Labeo pangusia, Ompok bimaculatus, Ompok pabda, , Ailia coila and Bagarius bagarius), which makes Surha Taal an important natural lake from fishery management point of view. The study also prioritised different habitat types important for different species. The slow water in the mid-channel areas of the lake were categorised as important habitats for near threatened and vulnerable fish species like C. chitala, B. bagarius and Wallago attu, which can be prioritised for population level management.

Topic: Fish Biology and Ecology Studies
Subfield: Aquatic Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Gracilaria foliifera (Forssk.) Børgesen ethanolic extract triggers apoptosis via activation of p53 expression in HepG2 cells

Pharmacognosy Magazine ,2019,15,61,259-263.DOI:10.4103/pm.pm_379_18Published:March 2019Type:Original Article Authors:Sasikumar Shebi, Devaraj Ezhilarasan, John Thomas, Natarajan Chandrasekaran, and Amitava Mukherjee Author(s) affiliations:Sasikumar Shebi1, Devaraj Ezhilarasan1, John Thomas2, Natarajan Chandrasekaran2, Amitava Mukherjee2 1Department of Pharmacology, Biomedical Research Unit and Laboratory Animal Centre, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India 2 for Nanobiotechnology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT) University, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India Abstract:Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma is one of the most common types of malignancy and causes significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. Gracilaria foliifera (Forssk.) Børgesen, a brown marine alga, is shown to have growth inhibitory potential against various cancer cell lines other than human hepatoma HepG2 cells. Objective: To investigate the cytotoxic potentials of G. foliifera in HepG2 cells. Materials and Methods: HepG2 cells were fed with culture medium supplemented with different concentrations of ethanolic extract of G. foliifera (20, 40, and 80 μg/mL). After 24 h of treatment, the cytotoxicity was evaluated by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. Induction of early apoptosis was investigated by annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate immunofluorescence. Induction of late apoptosis and necroptosis was investigated by annexin V and propidium iodide (PI) staining. Nuclear chromatin condensation was evaluated by Hoechst staining. p53 protein expression was analyzed using Western blotting. Results: G. foliifera treatment in HepG2 cells caused a significant cytotoxic effect. Phosphatidylserine translocation confirms the induction of early apoptosis. Analysis of late apoptosis using annexin V/PI staining showed that the percentage of apoptotic cells was increased in a concentration-dependent manner. Hoechst nuclear staining further confirms the nuclear chromatin condensation. G. foliifera treatment also induced the tumor suppressor p53 protein expressions. Conclusion: The present study demonstrated that G. foliifera induced apoptosis in HepG2 cells through activation of p53. Keywords:Brown marine alga, chromatin condensation, cytotoxicity, Gracilaria foliifera, hepatocellular carcinomaView:PDF (1.57 MB)

Topic: Seaweed-derived Bioactive Compounds
Subfield: Aquatic Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Vitamin D Level, Respiratory Tract Infections, and Controlled Trials

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal

Topic: Vitamin D Research Studies
Subfield: Pathology and Forensic Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Is Well-being Illusory? Examining the Benefits of Positive Illusions for Relationship Quality and Well-being

Previous research has shown that positive illusions about a romantic partner are related to higher levels of relationship quality (Murray, Holmes Griffin, 1996). Using model comparison, and a sample of 458 families (one student with two biological parents, N=1374), the direction of this effect was examined. Model fit favored partner-illusions predicting relationship satisfaction. With this model, several additional hypotheses about personality, self-enhancement, partner-enhancement, well-being and relationship quality were tested. Results revealed that personality had an effect on relationship quality, but this effect was fully mediated by partner-perceptions. This result suggesting that positive perceptions lead to better relationships, regardless of the perception being based on reality or illusions. Personality also significantly predicted well-being, with the effect being partially mediated by relationship quality. The model also allowed us to examine self-enhancement in personality ratings, which were found to be unrelated to the shared variance in well-being ratings.

Topic: Hermeneutics and Narrative Identity
Subfield: Philosophy
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Research on Privacy-preserving in Distributed Mining Based on the Attribute Similarity

It's of profound significance to preserve privacy in the distributed data mining process. Based on the NDTree's attribute similarity algorithm and combined with the HES homomorphism encryption algorithm, this paper constructs the HE-NDT which is a privacy-preserving distributed database of decision tree mining algorithm. The theory and experimental results indicates that this algorithm can achieve improvements in terms of privacy, accuracy, and efficiency.

Topic: Data Mining Algorithms and Applications
Subfield: Information Systems
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Effectiveness of the student development programs and services of the Nueva Vizcaya State University- Bambang Campus: 2016-2019 graduating students’ perspicacity

The history of our creation as a university reminds us that good student affairs practice must be considered within the context of issues that influence higher education and its missions.Societal concerns and needs, economic conditions, and external political agendas shape the parameters for student affairs work.These conditions emphasize the need for our SAS Programs to be informed by research and writing not only about teaching and learning but also concerning the most pressing issues confronting our students and their families.Using a descriptive method of research, this research study is focused on the evaluation of Student Development Programs and Services of NVSU-Bambang Campus.A total of 1,333 graduating students from 2016 to 2019 were considered respondents.The survey instrument and unstructured interview were used to gather data.In describing the data gathered, the mean was used to describe the level of effectiveness of these programs and services, and to determine the satisfaction level of the respondents.Results show that there is a very high level of effectiveness and satisfaction in the implementation of student development programs and services at NVSU-Bambang Campus.

Topic: Educational Methods and Outcomes
Subfield: Education
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences