jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Prevalence and management of intrathecal morphine induced pruritus in the New Zealand Māori population

Background: The use of intrathecal morphine for patients undergoing total hip and knee joint replacements and for lower segment caesarean sections (LSCS) has gained popularity worldwide since its introduction in 1979 (Gehling &amp; Tryba, 2009). Several studies show that morphine delivered via the intrathecal route is an effective and safe method of pain relief (Dahl, Jeppesen, Jorgensen, Wetterslev, &amp; Moiniche, 1999; Sites et al., 2004). However, while the beneficial effects of intrathecal morphine have been clearly documented in many studies, so also have the adverse effects e.g., nausea and vomiting, pruritus, and respiratory depression (Gehling &amp; Tryba, 2009; Gwirtz et al., 1999). Pruritus is described as one of the most common adverse effects, with a reported incidence of 30% to 100% (Szarvas, Harmon, &amp; Murphy, 2003). Aims: The aims of this research portfolio were to determine if the incidence of intrathecal morphine induced pruritus (ITMI) was influenced by ethnicity, age, or gender, and to explore how this pruritus was managed by health care professionals. Methods: A two-phased approach was undertaken. A retrospective audit was conducted to determine the incidence of intrathecal morphine induced pruritus among certain patient groups and what treatment was received. A health care professional survey was then performed to explore the current awareness, observations, and management of intrathecal morphine induced pruritus. Findings: The findings revealed significant ethnic disparities in patient responses to intrathecal morphine. Results of the health care professional survey show variances in their knowledge base, which has led to development of a framework for improvement in the management of intrathecal morphine induced pruritus. Conclusions: Management of these outcomes can be enhanced by the implementation of the strategies and frameworks outlined. Utilisation of these research portfolio recommendations could enable earlier post-operative recovery and improved patient outcomes. These recommendations could ensure health care professionals maintain competency and awareness in the provision of diligent management of patients receiving intrathecal morphine.

Topic: Hermeneutics and Narrative Identity
Subfield: Philosophy
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Horsfield’s or western tarsier

Abstract Horsfield’s tarsier is found in northern and western parts of Borneo, eastern Sumatra, parts of Java, and on the islands of Bangka and Belitung (Mackinnon 1986; Wolfheim 1983). It has been classified as endangered but is not rare in North Borneo (Wolfheim 1983). MacKinnon (1986) estimated the total population at about 10 million, and it is not currently classified as threatened (IUCN, 1990).

Topic: Wildlife Ecology and Conservation
Subfield: Ecology
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Application of artificial neural networks and genetic algorithms for crude fractional distillation process modeling

This work presents the application of the artificial neural networks, trained and structurally optimized by genetic algorithms, for modeling of crude distillation process at PKN ORLEN S.A. refinery. Models for the main fractionator distillation column products were developed using historical data. Quality of the fractions were predicted based on several chosen process variables. The performance of the model was validated using test data. Neural networks used in companion with genetic algorithms proved that they can accurately predict fractions quality shifts, reproducing the results of the standard laboratory analysis. Simple knowledge extraction method from neural network model built was also performed. Genetic algorithms can be successfully utilized in efficient training of large neural networks and finding their optimal structures.

Topic: Advanced Control Systems Optimization
Subfield: Control and Systems Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Effect of worship level in female student mental health

People have learned in all situation take refuge from God and ask Him to help them and sharing with him their needs, desires and interests to get calm. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of worship level on the mental health of female students at the Islamic Azad University, Dezfoul Branch, Iran. ‘The statistical society of this study was all female students, Islamic Azad University of Dezfoul. The study sample included 120 female students that selected randomly in different parts of University. Descriptive and inferential statistical frameworks were applied to analyze and interpret the data. Tools for this research contain two researcher-designed questionnaires (assessment worship questionnaire) including 36 items with Likert 5 and MMPI questionnaire (questionnaire measuring psychological characteristics) included 71 questions. The research method was descriptive-field, and with questionnaire examining research factors. The study variables were the amount of worship (independent) and psychological characteristics (dependent). After selecting research participants randomly in the classroom, library, mosque, students’ canteen) and other places in universities, subjects satisfactory completion of the questionnaires. The results indicated a significantly negative relationship between the worship and hypochondria and depression. There was a significantly negative relationship between the worship depression and anxiety of the questionnaires. No significant relationship was found between worship and K index as well as average education of the questionnaires. The results of this study clarify that the prevention and treatment of mental disorders can catch our attention regarding the role of religion in human happiness and mental health.

Topic: Health and Well-being Studies
Subfield: Clinical Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Inter-Rater Reliability and Intra-Rater Reliability of Assessing the 2-Minute Push-Up Test

The purpose of this study was to assess inter-rater reliability and intra-rater reliability of the 2-minute, 90° push-up test as utilized in the Army Physical Fitness Test. Analysis of rater assessment reliability included both total score agreement and agreement across individual push-up repetitions. This study utilized 8 Raters who assessed 15 different videotaped push-up performances over 4 iterations separated by a minimum of 1 week. The 15 push-up participants were videotaped during the semiannual Army Physical Fitness Test. Each Rater randomly viewed the 15 push-up and verbally responded with a "yes" or "no" to each push-up repetition. The data generated were analyzed using the Pearson product-moment correlation as well as the kappa, modified kappa and the intra-class correlation coefficient (3,1). An attribute agreement analysis was conducted to determine the percent of inter-rater and intra-rater agreement across individual push-ups.The results indicated that Raters varied a great deal in assessing push-ups. Over the 4 trials of 15 participants, the overall scores of the Raters varied between 3.0 and 35.7 push-ups. Post hoc comparisons found that there was significant increase in the grand mean of push-ups from trials 1-3 to trial 4 (p < 0.05). Also, there was a significant difference among raters over the 4 trials (p < 0.05). Pearson correlation coefficients for inter-rater and intra-rater reliability identified inter-rater reliability coefficients were between 0.10 and 0.97. Intra-rater coefficients were between 0.48 and 0.99. Intra-rater agreement for individual push-up repetitions ranged from 41.8% to 84.8%. The results indicated that the raters failed to assess the same push-up repetition with the same score (below 70% agreement) as well as failed to agree when viewed between raters (29%). Interestingly, as previously mentioned, scores on trial 4 increased significantly which might have been caused by rater drift or that the Raters did not maintain the push-up standard over the trials. It does appear that the final push-up scores received by each participant was a close approximation of actual performance (within 65%) but when assessing physical performance for retention in the Army, a more reliable test might be considered.

Topic: Sports Performance and Training
Subfield: Orthopedics and Sports Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Renal excretion of allantoin in rats: a micropuncture and clearance study

Free-flow micropuncture and clearance studies were performed to evaluate the transport of allantoin inthe rat kidney. Inn all studies [2-14C]uric acid and [methoxy-3H]inulin were administered. With a two-step column chromatographic technique, radiolabeled uric acid and allantoin were separated in plasma, urine, and tubular fluid, and the [2-14C]allantoin concentration was determined. Tubular fluid collections were obtained under hydropenic and control coneated animals in the control and volume-expanded states. Clearance data were obtained in oxonic acid-treated animals under the same experimental conditions. These studies indicate that allantoin is not bound to plasma protein and is, therefore, freely filterable. Neither net reabsorption nor net secretion of allantoin was evident along the length of the nephron. The bubular handling of allantoin was demonstrated to be dissociated from that of uric acid in all experimental states. No significant intrarenal production of allantoin from uric acid was observed.

Topic: Gout, Hyperuricemia, Uric Acid
Subfield: Nephrology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
BRAIN-IoT: Model-Based Framework for Dependable Sensing and Actuation in Intelligent Decentralized IoT Systems

Modern applications in the Smart Building and Industry 4.0 scenarios will be complex software ecosystems with strict requirements of geographic distribution, heterogeneity, dynamic evolution, security and privacy protection, highly more challenging than the ones required by the current environments. Two of the main challenges arising in the current Internet Of Things scenarios, i.e., the Smart Building one, are, on one side, the requirement of interconnecting several heterogeneous platforms and smart Things in the same environment and, on the other side, the need to be able to evolve the complex software ecosystem deployed, reacting automatically and at runtime to environmental changes, without the human intervention. To address these challenges, BRAIN-IoT establishes a framework and methodology supporting smart cooperative behaviour in fully de-centralized, composable and dynamic federations of heterogeneous Internet of Things platforms. In this way, BRAIN-IoT enables smart autonomous behaviour in Internet of Things scenarios, involving heterogeneous sensors and actuators autonomously cooperating to execute complex, dynamic tasks. Furthermore, BRAIN-IoT enables dynamically deploying and orchestrating distributed applications, allowing the automatic installation and replacement of smart behaviours reacting to environmental changes and User events. Finally, BRAIN-IoT provides a set of components that guarantee the security and privacy protection of the data exchanged using the solution. BRAIN-IoT is a general purpose solution that aims at being adaptable for heterogeneous scenarios, from Service Robotics to Critical Infrastructure Management. This paper introduces a Smart Building use case of the solution, which allows highlighting the advantages given by BRAIN-IoT in such scenario.

Topic: IoT Networks and Protocols
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Inter‐organisational collaboration for the digital economy

Purpose This paper was intended to explore the concept of learning in networks using recent literature from this emerging field. In order to do so, it takes as a case study a pan‐European e‐learning project, which required collaborative working and learning within a distributed team. Design/methodology/approach The approach has been qualitative and exploratory. Data have been collected via interviews with project partners and participant observation of the steering group meetings. Analysis has similarly been qualitative in nature. Findings Analysis suggests that there are links with earlier literature on inter‐organisational learning networks, particularly around culture, management style and leadership in virtual collaboration. Interestingly, even supposed “experts” in the field of e‐learning technologies showed a preference to work face‐to‐face. Research limitations/implications The research to date has been exploratory and small‐scale. More work is required to test the findings in a wider context. Practical implications The findings are believed to have considerable practical value, both for the European Union, as the funding body, but also for one's own practice, and that of others as they attempt to facilitate learning and collaborating in networks. Originality/value The paper adds value as it is one of only a small number to approach networked learning from a non‐experimental standpoint. It is also original in its application of the frameworks around network learning and learning in networks, as advanced by Knight in 2002 and Knight and Pye in 2002.

Topic: Innovation and Knowledge Management
Subfield: Strategy and Management
Field: Business, Management and Accounting
Domain: Social Sciences
Current and emerging prostheses for partial hand amputation: A narrative review

Abstract Partial hand amputation can have a tremendous range of impact and functional loss on a person's life. One solution to improve function and address some of the problems that partial hand amputees face is to fit them with a prosthesis. Partial hand prosthetic devices range in a wide spectrum in both function and aesthetics. At this time, there is no one, perfect prosthetic device that can replace what is lost. Many individuals with partial hand amputation require more than one prosthetic device. In this review article, we explored and compared several prosthetic options that have been investigated and marketed by researchers and companies. Some of these options include passive, body‐powered, activity‐specific, and externally‐powered prostheses. Lastly, we described our experiences with partial hand prostheses at Walter Reed National Military Medical Center.

Topic: Muscle activation and electromyography studies
Subfield: Biomedical Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Writing Disability in ADHD Children

The psychological examination aims at objectifying the key symptoms of hyperactivity, i.e. attention and\nexecutive function disorders (in short, activation-inhibition control). The files of 237 patients from our\nconsultations, aged between 5 and 17 years old and examined between 2004 and 2016, are analyzed\nretrospectively. Of whom 40 cases show the typical ADHD syndrome, mixed presentation, according to\nDSM-5 criteria.\nThese ADHD children and adolescents show not only a characteristic impulsivity on computerized\nattention tests, but also a deficit in the acquisition of writing, an early manifestation of their\nneurodevelopmental disorders. This association correctly classifies 82.4% of hyperactives and controls,\na strong effect given the difficult diagnosis of ADHD syndrome.

Topic: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Subfield: Psychiatry and Mental health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Safety of Routine Pedicle Division during Delayed Breast Augmentation following Free Flap Breast Reconstruction

Background: Autologous free flap breast reconstruction is a common reconstructive procedure, with the ability to produce a natural breast shape and a long history of success. Despite its benefits, there are special situations in which patients lack sufficient donor-site tissue to achieve adequate breast size and projection. With this study, the authors describe their institutional experience of delayed implant augmentation after autologous breast reconstruction with a particular focus on pedicle division as a technique to improve aesthetic results. Methods: A retrospective chart review of patients that underwent free flap autologous breast reconstruction with delayed implant augmentation was conducted over a 13-year period. Flaps were divided into a control group without pedicle division and a divided pedicle group. Groups were compared in terms of demographics, clinical and surgical characteristics, implant details, and postoperative implant and flap complications. Results: No significant differences in terms of age, body mass index, comorbidities, radiation therapy, or surgical indications were noted. The most common reason for delayed implant augmentation after autologous breast reconstruction was change in breast size and breast asymmetry. In terms of implant and flap complications, we found no significant differences between the control and divided pedicle groups after delayed implant augmentation. Conclusions: From the authors’ institutional experience, pedicle division in delayed breast augmentation with implants after free flap breast reconstruction can be safety performed in selected cases. This technique can be a powerful tool for plastic surgeons to improve the final aesthetic appearance of the reconstructed breast. CLINICAL QUESTION/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Therapeutic, III.

Topic: Reconstructive Surgery and Microvascular Techniques
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
The nurse as being bullied in Split and Dalmatia County

Mobing kao pojava psihickog uznemiravanje i zlostavljanja na radnom mjestu, predstavlja jedan od najtežih oblika agresivne emocionalne zlouporabe usmjerene na osobnost žrtve koja je razara prema modelu razvoja posttraumatskog stresnog poremecaja i utjece na njezino emocionalno okružje, ponajprije na obitelj (Leymann 1990). Zbog svoje dugotrajnosti dovodi do mentalne, psihosomatske i socijalne patnje s trajnim posljedicama po zdravlje. Losa kombinacija ekonomske racionalizacije, rastuca kompetetivnost zdravstvenih radnika, izmijenjena dinamika rada i “macho” stil rukovođenja, kreiraju kulturu ponasanja u zdravstvu u kojoj mobing “cvjeta” (Field 2003). Mobing u zdravstvu je izraz negativne energije koja proizlazi iz namjernog nerjesavanja svakodnevnih konflikata i namjernog održavanja ozracja nerazumijevanja. (Davenport i sur. 1999). Iako mobing znacajno pogađa sve djelatnosti i sve dobne skupine, rizik da žena budu žrtvom mobinga 75% je veci nego za muskarce (Jokic-Begic i sur. 2003, Pasquale 2002), pri cemu su spolne razlike djelomicno posljedica stereotipne postojece podjele musko-ženskih uloga u drustvenim odnosima (Pearson 1998). Podataka o incidenciji izloženosti mobingu među zdravstvenim radnicima, a posebno među medicinskim sestrama među kojima je 95% žena u Hrvatskoj nema iako se sukladno rezultatima prvog istraživanja o mobingu 2002. godine u Zagrebu u opcoj populaciji mogu ocekivati visok broj buduci da u opcoj populaciji na 500 ispitanika utvrđeno 15, 4% do 53, 4% onih koji su doživjeli neki oblik mobinga (Koic 2003) sto opravdava smislenost provođenja istraživanja.

Topic: Workplace Violence and Bullying
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
ATP stimulates lysosomal sulphate transport at neutral pH: evidence for phosphorylation of the lysosomal sulphate carrier

ATP markedly stimulated sulphate uptake by rat liver lysosomes that had been treated with N-ethylmaleimide to block the effects of the lysosomal proton-translocating ATPase (H+-ATPase). Maximal stimulation required millimolar concentrations of ATP and neutral buffer pH. ATP-stimulated transport exhibited saturation kinetics with a Km of 175 μM, identical with the Km for lysosomal sulphate uptake at pH 5.0, a process that does not require ATP. The requirement for ATP was specific: other nucleotides such as AMP, ADP, CTP, GTP, ITP and UTP failed to stimulate transport. Adenosine 5ʹ-[β,γ-imido]triphosphate, the non-hydrolysable analogue of ATP, also failed to stimulate sulphate uptake, suggesting a requirement for ATP hydrolysis. Lysosomal pH, membrane potential and glucose transport were unchanged by the presence of ATP under the experimental conditions, consistent with a direct effect of ATP on the sulphate transporter. Exposure of lysosomes to protein kinase A and protein kinase C inhibitors did not alter the stimulation of sulphate transport by ATP. The lysosomal sulphate transport protein might be subject to regulation by a phosphorylation pathway that is not dependent on protein kinase A or protein kinase C.

Topic: Biomedical Research and Pathophysiology
Subfield: Pathology and Forensic Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
16. Investigation of the Auditory Steady State Response in Schizophrenia, Schizoaffective, Psychotic and Nonpsychotic Bipolar Disorders

Background: Electroencephalographic (EEG) studies of the auditory steady state response (aSSR) noninvasively probe oscillatory capacity and synchronization in the primary auditory cortex. Abnormalities in the aSSRs have been proposed as translational biomarkers for schizophrenia. However, few studies have examined the aSSRs across diagnostic categories and included the full spectrum of psychotic subgroups (Schizophrenia: SZ, Schizoaffective disorder: SAD, Bipolar disorder with psychosis: BDP, and Bipolar disorder without psychosis: BD-NP). This is a critical step to determine its utility as a potential biomarker and to provide insight into specific neural dysregulations related to psychotic etiology. In this study, auditory steady state stimuli were administered to a large sample of well-characterized participants diagnosed with SZ, SAD, BDP, or BD-NP.

Topic: Neural dynamics and brain function
Subfield: Cognitive Neuroscience
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences
Making Audience Experiences More Meaningful and Emotionally Engaging through Mixed Visual and Audio Media

Unlike a conventional lecture, where interaction and delivery behaviour is generally predictable, this paper presents suggestions for alternative and innovative delivery methods using different forms of visual and auditory modes to create a ‘performance lecture’. A performance lecture is distinct from a conventional lecture in several ways. Its primary purpose is not simply to impart knowledge didactically, but to find ways of making spectatorship emotionally engaging. This paper first discusses the constituent parts of our evolving framework for performance lectures. We then provide a review of some initial visually-based demonstrator work, a 12 minute ‘triptych’ demonstrator video, followed by some preliminary analysis of a user evaluation study. Suggestions for further work conclude this paper.

Topic: Visual and Cognitive Learning Processes
Subfield: Experimental and Cognitive Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences