jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Proposal of a New Index for Regional Planning "1 Day Accessible Population" and its Application to the Fourth National Comprehensive Development Plan

In the planning process of The Fourth National Comprehensive Development Plan, a new index “1 Day Accessible Population” which evaluates the transportation network in Japan and the convenience of each regions by the accessibility to the people in different regions. This index is calculated from the minimum time distance between the regions and the population of each regions. It is shown that this index is suitable to show the effect of the construction of the various transportation facilities and the “nearness” between regions.

Topic: Urban and spatial planning
Subfield: Nature and Landscape Conservation
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
L'organizzazione della vita monastica nel XXI secolo

- This article aims to analyse the foundation of ‘new' monastic communities that have recently emerged in Italy since the second Vatican Council. These communities differ from traditional ones. Unlike classical monastic orders they are self-sufficient, thanks to the work done by monks inside or outside the monastery; they may be mixed-sex groups of men and women, either ordained or secular, single or married, or even from different branches of Christianity. After examining the influence of the Council on the development of these organizations, I present the main findings of an empirical research on the ‘new' monastic communities founded in Piemonte (Italy). The analysis focuses on three communities which I term ‘widespread' because some of their members (both ordained and secular) live outside the borders of the monastery, in private houses. I analyse the differences between traditional monasteries ("total institutions", "strict", "vertical") and these newer ones ("open", "widespread", "flexible"). In the conclusion I discuss some new theoretical questions that arise in the empirical research: primarily, the problem of legitimizing the ‘new' communities the institutional Church. Keywords: Monastery, "widespread" monasteries, organizational change, legitimation, liability of newness.

Topic: Religious Tourism and Spaces
Subfield: Geography, Planning and Development
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Oestrus induction using fluorogestone acetate sponges and equine chorionic gonadotrophin in Red Sokoto goats

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of a progestagen treatment (fluorogestone acetate sponge) alone or in combination with equine chorionic gonadotrophin (eCG) on oestrus response in Red Sokoto (RS) goats. One hundred RS does were treated with 30 mg fluorogestone acetate (FGA) sponges for 14 days. At the end of the progestagen treatment, does that retained the sponges were allocated to two groups; FGAeCG and FGA. The FGAeCG group (n = 28) received 200 IU eCG i.m. concurrently with the sponge removal, while the FGA group (n = 28) did not receive eCG at sponge removal. Oestrus was detected twice daily (at 07:00 - 10:00 and 15:00 - 18:00) using sexually active bucks for five days following progestagen withdrawal. There was no significant difference in oestrus response between groups FGAeCG (82.1%) and FGA (78.6%). There was a significant difference in the time to the onset (29.3 ± 4.6 and 44.2 ± 6.3 h for the FGAeCG and FGA, respectively) and duration of the induced oestrus period (38.9 ± 5.1 and 22.7 ± 4.6 h for the FGAeCG and FGA groups, respectively). It is concluded that although both groups showed good oestrus synchronization rates, administration of eCG shortened the time to onset of oestrus and increased the duration of oestrus in Red Sokoto does.Keywords: Oestrus, synchronization, fluorogestone acetate, eCG, Red Sokoto goats

Topic: Reproductive Physiology in Livestock
Subfield: Agronomy and Crop Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Metal–Curcumin Complexes in Modern Pharmacotherapeutics: A Comprehensive Review

The major ingredient in turmeric, curcumin, has drawn a lot of interest as a plant-based substance having pharmacological benefits that are pleiotropic. It has immunomodulatory, neuroprotective, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, hypoglycemic, and anti-inflammatory properties. Curcumin has certain health-promoting properties, but they are limited by its hydrophobicity, insolubility in water, low bioavailability, quick metabolism, and systemic elimination. Complexes of metals with curcumin have been created as a result of this unique step. The -diketone moiety of curcumin often interacts with metals to form metal-curcumin complexes. It is generally known that the metal ions of boron, cobalt, copper, gallium, gadolinium, gold, lanthanum, manganese, nickel, iron, palladium, platinum, ruthenium, silver, vanadium, and zinc are all highly chelated by curcumin. Metal-curcumin complexes’ pharmacological, chemo-preventive, and therapeutic properties are described in this paper. Metal-curcumin complexes boost the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and antiviral properties of curcumin by increasing its solubility, cellular absorption, and bioavailability. Additionally, metal-curcumin complexes have shown effectiveness against a number of chronic illnesses, such as cancer, rheumatoid arthritis, osteoporosis, and neurological conditions including Alzheimer’s disease. The regulation of inflammatory mediators, transcription factors, protein kinases, antiapoptotic proteins, lipid peroxidation, and antioxidant enzymes was linked to these biological activities of metal-curcumin complexes. Metal-curcumin complexes have also proven beneficial in radio-imaging and biological imaging. Future applications of metal-curcumin complexes might signal a fresh strategy for the management of chronic illnesses.

Topic: Curcumin's Biomedical Applications
Subfield: Molecular Medicine
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
CCDC 1499139: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.

Topic: Crystallization and Solubility Studies
Subfield: Materials Chemistry
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Mechanisms of Luteolysis during the Estrous Cycle in Ruminants

The corpus luteum (CL) of the estrous cycle in the cow is a dynamic organ with a lifetime of approximately 17-18 days. In other words, the CL regresses within a few days when pregnancy does not occur successfully. There is universal agreement that prostaglandin F2α (PGF2 α) is a physiological luteolysin in the cow. Nevertheless, cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in local actions of PGF2α in the CL have not been fully elucidated. Recent observations suggest that the endothelial cell-derived vasoconstrictive peptide endothelin-l (ET-l) interacts with PGF2α, and that luteal ET-l participates in the rapid cascade of functional luteolysis in vivo. In the bovine CL, ET-l inhibits P secretion in luteal cells in culture and in the in vitro microdialysis system (MDS) of luteal explants. Moreover, PGF2α stimulates ET-l secretion in this MDS. Further in vivo observation confirmed that PGF2α injection rapidly increased ET-l release within the regressing CL as well as into the ovarian venous blood in the cow. All these findings strongly suggest a physiological impact of PGF2α and ET-l in the acute depletion of blood flow into the CL and the rapid cascade of functional luteolysis in vivo, and thus a possible interaction between endothelial cells and luteal cells during luteolysis. Overall results strongly support the hypothesis that luteal ET-l is a local luteolytic mediator/promotor in the regressing bovine CL.

Topic: Reproductive Physiology in Livestock
Subfield: Agronomy and Crop Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Exploring the phases of 3D artificial spin ice: From Coulomb phase to magnetic monopole crystal

Artificial spin-ices consist of lithographic arrays of single-domain magnetic nanowires organised into frustrated lattices. These geometries are usually two-dimensional, allowing a direct exploration of physics associated with frustration, topology and emergence. Recently, three-dimensional geometries have been realised, in which transport of emergent monopoles can be directly visualised upon the surface. Here we carry out an exploration of the three-dimensional artificial spin-ice phase diagram, whereby dipoles are placed within a diamond-bond lattice geometry. We find a rich phase diagram, consisting of a double-charged monopole crystal, a single-charged monopole crystal and conventional spin-ice with pinch points associated with a Coulomb phase. In our experimental demagnetised systems, broken symmetry forces formation of ferromagnetic stripes upon the surface, a configuration that forbids the formation of the lower energy double-charged monopole crystal. Instead, we observe crystallites of single magnetic charge, superimposed upon an ice background. The crystallites are found to form due to the intricate distribution of magnetic charge around a three-dimensional nanostructured vertex, which locally favours monopole formation. Our work suggests that engineered surface energetics can be used to tune the ground state of experimental three-dimensional ASI systems.

Topic: Advanced Condensed Matter Physics
Subfield: Condensed Matter Physics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
LBNL-59605 Supersymmetry, Naturalness, and Signatures

Weak scale supersymmetry is often said to be fine-tuned, especially if the matter content is minimal. This is not true if there is a large A term for the top squarks. We present a systematic study on fine-tuning in minimal supersymmetric theories and identify low energy spectra that do not lead to severe fine-tuning. Characteristic features of these spectra are: a large A term for the top squarks, small top squark masses, moderately large tan β, and a small µ parameter. There are classes of theories leading to these features, which are discussed. In one class, which allows a complete elimination of fine-tuning, the Higgsinos are the lightest among all the superpartners of the standard model particles, leading to three nearly degenerate neutralino/chargino states. This gives interesting signals at the LHC — the dilepton invariant mass distribution has a very small endpoint and shows a particular shape determined by the Higgsino nature of the two lightest neutralinos. We demonstrate that these signals are indeed useful in realistic analyses by performing Monte Carlo simulations, including detector simulations and background estimations. We also present a method that allows the determination of all the relevant superparticle masses

Topic: Particle physics theoretical and experimental studies
Subfield: Nuclear and High Energy Physics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Environmental effects on slow crack growth in silicon nitride. [Effects of sodium sulfate at 1573)sup 0)K]

Slow crack growth measurements are being conducted to determine crack velocity versus stress intensity as a function of chemical environment in advanced ceramic materials. Controlled, artificial flaws are placed in the flat tensile faces of hot pressed Si/sub 3/N/sub 4/ tensile specimens (2.3 x 2.3 x 21.6 mm gage) and oriented to open in mode I on tensile loading. Tests have been performed in air and without a coating of sodium sulfate at 1573/sup 0/K. results indicate that slow crack growth in the presence of sodium sulfate is about twice as fast as in air. 5 refs., 5 figs

Topic: Advanced ceramic materials synthesis
Subfield: Ceramics and Composites
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
An Aroma of Spirituality and Indianness in the Poetry of Vishnu P. Joshi

Vishnu P. Joshi is a familiar name widely published, globally recognized, and innumerably awarded in the world has many published collections of poetry entitled Discover This India Today (1996), Echoes of India (1999), Anjali: Whispers of the Soul (1999) and Anjali: Whispers in the Dawn (2001). Though settled in the U.S.A. and educated in the Western atmosphere, the poet's soul is still pure, immaculate, taintless, and even brimming with the love for India, its people, culture, tradition, and rich heritage. His unfailing attempts to make Indians awake and enlightened with the true Gyana on the famous dictums of Indian Philosophy Uttishth Jagrat Prapya Varannibodhat i.e. ‘Awake and Attain’ and Chraivati Chraivati i.e. ‘Keep on Acting’ inspires the reader to rebuild and reconstruct the Nation as well as unite her, mirror the enormous energy of the poetry and the sacredness of a true poet which sighs and bleeds at the sight of pain and prays for the prosperity of the nation and its people.

Topic: Indian History and Philosophy
Subfield: Philosophy
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
LHD FPellet #64817.1

Fueling Pellet Injectors (FPellet): Inject hydrogen isotope pellets into core plasma to control plasma density. The in-situ pipe gun type 20-barrel injector and the screw extruder type repetitive pellet injector are integrated.

Topic: High-Energy Particle Collisions Research
Subfield: Nuclear and High Energy Physics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Reevaluation of Diagnostic Criteria for Exertional Rhabdomyolysis in Collegiate Wrestlers: A Case Series and Review

Rhabdomyolysis is a common and potentially fatal condition encountered by athletic trainers, coaches, primary care physicians and sports medicine physicians. Benign, or physiological, Exertional Rhabdomyolysis (ER) may resemble Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness (DOMS) and becomes clinically significant when accompanied by other morphologies including severe muscle pain and swelling, and myoglobinuria. ER is often characterized by a triad of symptoms.

Topic: Muscle and Compartmental Disorders
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Proximity to forest edge does not affect crop production despite pollen limitation

A decline in pollination function has been linked to agriculture expansion and intensification. In northwest Argentina, pollinator visits to grapefruit, a self-compatible but pollinator-dependent crop, decline by approximately 50% at 1 km from forest edges. We evaluated whether this decrease in visitation also reduces the pollination service in this crop. We analysed the quantity and quality of pollen deposited on stigmas, and associated limitation of fruit production at increasing distances (edge: 10, 100, 500 and 1000 m) from the remnants of Yungas forest. We also examined the quantitative and qualitative efficiency of honeybees as pollen vectors. Pollen receipt and pollen tubes in styles decreased with increasing distance from forest edge; however, this decline did not affect fruit production. Supplementation of natural pollen with self- and cross-pollen revealed that both pollen quantity and quality limited fruit production. Despite pollen limitation, honeybees cannot raise fruit production because they often do not deposit sufficient high-quality pollen per visit to elicit fruit development. However, declines in visitation frequency well below seven visits during a flower's lifespan could decrease production beyond current yields. In this context, the preservation of forest remnants, which act as pollinator sources, could contribute to resilience in crop production. Like wild plants, pollen limitation of the yield among animal-pollinated crops may be common and indicative not only of pollinator scarcity, but also of poor pollination quality, whereby pollinator efficiency, rather than just abundance, can play a broader role than previously appreciated.

Topic: Plant and animal studies
Subfield: Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Cervical Image Segmentation using U-Net Model

In this paper, a pre-training system based on U-Net model is used to colposcopic image segmentation. This method is proposed to convert the full connection layer in the traditional convolution neural network into the convolution layer, and uses the deconvolution structure to realize the upsampling data, splits the feature graph on the channel dimension to understand the feature fusion, and adopts the skipping structure to combine the low layer and the high level feature. Experimental results showed that the proposed method based on U-Net model has the better effect in colposcopic cervical image segmentation.

Topic: Optical Systems and Laser Technology
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Analysis of user membership in cellular CDMA networks

An analysis of the user membership in a cellular CDMA network is proposed. It is based on the estimate of the local mean attenuation on the radio links from a mobile terminal to each of the surrounding base stations. The estimate is carried out through proper filtering of the sequences of signal strength measurements performed on the received pilot signals. Two performance measures are considered: the probability that the best base station will not be selected, and the average number of membership switchings per time unit. Assuming a channel model with log-normal shadowing and fast fading superimposed, it is seen that a proper choice of the filter parameters is required to achieve the lowest values for these performance measures. The results obtained are of interest for handover and power control algorithms.

Topic: Wireless Communication Networks Research
Subfield: Computer Networks and Communications
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Coordinates Are NOT Lonely -- Codebook Prior Helps Implicit Neural 3D Representations

Implicit neural 3D representation has achieved impressive results in surface or scene reconstruction and novel view synthesis, which typically uses the coordinate-based multi-layer perceptrons (MLPs) to learn a continuous scene representation. However, existing approaches, such as Neural Radiance Field (NeRF) and its variants, usually require dense input views (i.e. 50-150) to obtain decent results. To relive the over-dependence on massive calibrated images and enrich the coordinate-based feature representation, we explore injecting the prior information into the coordinate-based network and introduce a novel coordinate-based model, CoCo-INR, for implicit neural 3D representation. The cores of our method are two attention modules: codebook attention and coordinate attention. The former extracts the useful prototypes containing rich geometry and appearance information from the prior codebook, and the latter propagates such prior information into each coordinate and enriches its feature representation for a scene or object surface. With the help of the prior information, our method can render 3D views with more photo-realistic appearance and geometries than the current methods using fewer calibrated images available. Experiments on various scene reconstruction datasets, including DTU and BlendedMVS, and the full 3D head reconstruction dataset, H3DS, demonstrate the robustness under fewer input views and fine detail-preserving capability of our proposed method.

Topic: 3D Shape Modeling and Analysis
Subfield: Computational Mechanics
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Women as “wool-workers” and “sex-workers” in Athens (fourth century BCE)

The building Z3 of the Kerameikos in Athens offers a very good example of the questions arising when studying women at work in the ivth century BC (and outside the private context of the household). The disposition of the rooms and the material excavated lead to the identification of building Z3 as a textile fabric and, perhaps, a place for prostitution. Without offering answers to all questions about the organization of labor in the well-known Athenian workshops area, the document highlights some important features: the systematic use of slave-labor, the confusion between housing and working place, the versatility of activities, including sexual tasks.

Topic: Classical Antiquity Studies
Subfield: Anthropology
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
The Essential Oil from<i>Elsholtzia eriostachya</i>var.<i>pusilla</i>

ABSTRACT GC, CG/MS, FTIR, 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR analyses revealed that the essential oil of Elsholtzia eriostachya var. pusilla growing in Kumaun region (India) contained 53% geranial and 39% neral together with 19 other, mainly terpenoid constituents.

Topic: Phytochemistry and Biological Activities
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Systematic literature review: Trend analysis on the design of lightweight block cipher

Lightweight block ciphers have become a standard for security protections on IoT devices. Advanced technology is required to secure the data, thus encryption is the method that can provide information security. From previous studies, comparisons of lightweight algorithms in various literature focus on their performance and implementation. However, a lack of analysis has been done on the relationship between the algorithm components and their security strength. This information is crucial for developers in designing secure algorithms. In this paper, a comprehensive systematic literature review on 101 existing lightweight algorithms is presented. This review focuses on the security aspect of lightweight algorithms that cover the identification of secure design components based on substitution and permutation. Security analysis and the evolution of lightweight algorithms are also presented. This research includes the results and discussions to observe the selections of substitution and permutation functions to analyse their impact on the security strength. Recommendations from the developer's insight on methods and considerations for designing an algorithm are also presented. Findings from the research indicate that various techniques can be used to develop a secure algorithm. Most importantly, an algorithm must be provided with confusion and diffusion properties in the design to ensure sufficient security.

Topic: Cryptographic Implementations and Security
Subfield: Artificial Intelligence
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Sistem Tanam Paksa di Jawa: Kumpulan Tulisan/Judul Asli: Java Under The Cultivation System: Collected Writings

Sepuluh tulisan yang terkumpul dalam buku ini ditulis selama lebih dari dua dasawarsa, yang boleh dikatakan mewakili pemikiran Penulis mengenai sejarah Sistem Tanam Paksa

Topic: Cultural and Religious Practices in Indonesia
Subfield: Cultural Studies
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Buddhist Idealists and Their Jain Critics On Our Knowledge of External Objects

Abstract In accord with the theme of the present volume on ‘Philosophical Traditions’, it is not so much the aim of this essay to provide a detailed account of particular lines of argument, as it is to suggest something of the manner in which so-called 'Buddhist idealism' unfolded as a tradition not just for Buddhists, but within Indian philosophy more generally. Seen from this perspective, Buddhist idealism remained a current within Indian philosophy long after the demise of Buddhism in India, in about the twelfth century, and endured in some respects at least until the Mughal age, when the last thinker to be examined here, the Jain teacher Yaśovijaya, was active.

Topic: Indian and Buddhist Studies
Subfield: Religious studies
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences