jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Enhancement pattern of hilar cholangiocarcinoma: contrast-enhanced ultrasound versus contrast-enhanced computed tomography.

Poster: ECR 2013 / C-0490 / Enhancement pattern of hilar cholangiocarcinoma: contrast-enhanced ultrasound versus contrast-enhanced computed tomography. by: F. Loria1, G. Loria1, G. Crea1, L. Frosina2, S. Basile1, P. Rodoni3; 1Palmi/IT, 2Messina/IT, 3Bellinzona/CH

Topic: Hermeneutics and Narrative Identity
Subfield: Philosophy
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Design of the Feeding Frog Cognitive Game for Early Childhood using the Mechanics, Dynamics, and Aesthetics (MDA) Framework and Greenfoot

This study aims to design a cognitive game that stimulates early childhood motor development while introducing knowledge about animals and their types of food. The development of the game utilizes the Mechanics, Dynamics, and Aesthetics (MDA) framework along with the Greenfoot software. The mechanics component includes genre, objectives, platform, rating, levels, and artistic concept. The dynamics component covers storyline, gameplay controls, challenges, and game rules, while the aesthetics component emphasizes sensation, narrative, engagement, and fantasy. Players interact with the game by feeding animals based on their appropriate diets. The storyline centers on various animal habitats, where each level represents an environment with increasing difficulty—basic, intermediate, and advanced—while also providing motor stimulation. Participatory observation was conducted in several playgroups in West Jakarta to gain insights into the game's impact and identify the key elements that capture players’ interest. Evaluation of user responses showed that out of seven assessed statements, five received a "Very Good" rating, while the remaining two were rated as "Good" by 45 respondents. In terms of percentage, the highest achievement reached 90%, indicating that the Feeding Frog game demonstrates high clarity and ease of understanding, and holds potential as a tool to assist parents in stimulating children’s cognitive development.

Topic: Child Development and Education
Subfield: Education
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Supplementary Figure 1 from Activation of Thermogenesis in Brown Adipose Tissue and Dysregulated Lipid Metabolism Associated with Cancer Cachexia in Mice

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 175K, Effects of tumor C26 inoculation and food restriction on energy expenditure of mice&lt;/p&gt;

Topic: Diet and metabolism studies
Subfield: Physiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Oxymercuration-demercuration and hydroboration-oxidation of endo-tricyclo[5.2.2.02,6]undeca-3,8-diene. Stereospecific oxymercuration leading to the 4-exo-hydroxy derivative

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTOxymercuration-demercuration and hydroboration-oxidation of endo-tricyclo[5.2.2.02,6]undeca-3,8-diene. Stereospecific oxymercuration leading to the 4-exo-hydroxy derivativeNaotake Takaishi, Yoshiaki Fujikura, and Yoshiaki InamotoCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1975, 40, 25, 3767–3772Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1975Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1975https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00913a032https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00913a032research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views116Altmetric-Citations20LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts

Topic: Cancer Treatment and Pharmacology
Subfield: Oncology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
A Case of Intra-Abdominal Desmoid Tumor Treated by Laparoscopic Surgery

症例は60代女性．2009年右腎細胞癌に対して右腎部分切除術を施行．2012年フォローアップのCT検査にて上行結腸近傍に結節性病変を指摘され，精査加療目的で当科紹介となった．PET-CT検査では，同部位に異常集積を認め，下部消化管内視鏡検査では，上行結腸になだらかな隆起を伴う粘膜下腫瘍様病変を認めた．術前診断としてGIST，腸間膜腫瘍，腸間膜脂肪織炎，腎細胞癌再発などを疑い，診断的治療目的で腹腔鏡下上行結腸切除術を施行．術後病理診断にて腫瘍内に繊維芽細胞と膠原繊維の増殖を認め，免疫染色にてc-kit，Desmin，CD34，S-100陰性となり，デスモイド腫瘍と診断．切除断端は陰性であった．術後大きな合併症なく第９病日で退院．現在切除後13カ月経過したが再発はなく生存中である．今回われわれは頻度の低い腹腔内デスモイド腫瘍に対して腹腔鏡下に治癒切除を施行した症例を経験したので報告する．

Topic: Soft tissue tumor case studies
Subfield: Rheumatology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Towards a Local Feminist Understanding of Gender and Sexuality

This chapter revisits the basic but fundamental concepts in feminist theories: gender and sexuality. By highlighting the historical and socio-cultural constitution of gender and sexuality, this chapter formulates a local feminist framework to account for the gendered and sexual control and resistance Chinese women experience at the workplace. It brings together Western feminist literature of gender and sexuality at work, discussions around sexuality in development studies, and historical studies of gender and sexuality in China. These are rarely, if ever, brought into dialogue, but have something to offer to our nuanced understandings of the Chinese workplace as well as global feminist theorization of gender, sexuality and power.

Topic: Historical Gender and Feminism Studies
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
From Subject to Participant: Ethics and the Evolving Role of Community in Health Research

Belmont Report principles focus on the well-being of the research subject, yet community-engaged investigators often eschew the role of subject for that of participant. We conducted semistructured interviews with 29 community and academic investigators working on 10 community-engaged studies. Interviews elicited perspectives on ethical priorities and ethical challenges. Interviewees drew on the Belmont Report to describe 4 key principles of ethical community-engaged research (embodying ethical action, respecting participants, generalizing beneficence, and negotiating justice). However, novel aspects of the participant role were the source of most ethical challenges. We theorize that the shift in ethical focus from subject to participant will pose new ethical dilemmas for community-engaged investigators and for other constituents interested in increasing community involvement in health research.

Topic: Mental Health and Patient Involvement
Subfield: General Health Professions
Field: Health Professions
Domain: Health Sciences
Individual approach in the treatment of prolactinoma in a patient with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 syndrome

Prolactinoma and associated hyperprolactinemia is one of the main causes of infertility. The disease can develop within the framework of multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN 1), and the management of such patients may differ from the treatment of sporadic forms. The article presents a clinical case of a patient with prolactinoma that developed as part of MEN1 syndrome who planned pregnancy. An individual approach to the choice of therapeutic tactics was demonstrated, which allowed solving the problem of restoring fertility.

Topic: Neuroendocrine Tumor Research Advances
Subfield: Epidemiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Governance, business environment, and foreign direct investments

In this paper we investigate the relationship between the quality of governance, the business environment and foreign direct investments. Looking at 49 countries in Africa, we present evidence supporting the claim that the quality of governance does affect the stability of policies and the quality of the business environment. However, our data analysis also reveals that neither the quality of governance nor the quality of the business environment have any impact, at least in Sub-Saharan Africa on the level of FDI.

Topic: Corporate Finance and Governance
Subfield: Accounting
Field: Business, Management and Accounting
Domain: Social Sciences
Cultural adaption, translation, preliminary reliability and validity of psychological and behavioural measures for adolescents living with HIV in Botswana: A multi-stage approach

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) remains a significant public health issue among young people living in Botswana. There is a need for reliable and valid psychological and behavioural measures of causally important constructs for this population. We developed a new HIV knowledge measure for use with 10–19-year-olds living with HIV and translated and adapted additional tools measuring HIV adjustment, HIV disclosure cognitions and affect, HIV communication beliefs, antiretroviral (ART) adherence, and self-esteem, using a multi-step process. This included (1) item generation for the HIV knowledge questionnaire, (2) translation including back-translation and expert review, (3) cognitive interviewing, (4) reliability testing (5) preliminary validity analysis. The HIV Knowledge Questionnaire for Adolescents living with HIV, the Illness Cognition Questionnaire, the Adolescent HIV Disclosure Cognition and Affect Scale, the HIV Communication Beliefs Scale, and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale showed acceptable or good reliability and some evidence of validity for adolescents living with HIV in Botswana.

Topic: HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
Subfield: Infectious Diseases
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Studies on the Effect of K, Na, NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup>, VFA and CO<sub>2</sub> on the Net Absorption of Magnesium from the Temporarily Isolated Rumen of Heifers*

Summary The net absorption of magnesium from the temporarily isolated rumen was studied in heifers. The effects of different concentrations of K, Na, NH 4 + , volatile fatty acids (VFA) and of changed P CO2 on the net absorption of magnesium from the ventral rumen sac were measured. A net absorption of magnesium was observed in all experiments. However, the total amount of Mg absorption was influenced by the ionic composition of the rumen fluid. Increasing concentrations of potassium significantly reduced in a curvilinear manner the net Mg transport. A change of ruminal Na concentration did not influence the absorption of Mg. Physiological concentrations of NH 4 + (10mmol·l −1 ) decreased significantly the absorption of Mg. VFA and CO 2 enhanced the transport of Mg across the rumen epithelium. The results are discussed in the context of grass tetany in ruminants. Zusammenfassung Untersuchungen zur Wirkung von K, Na, NH 4 + , flüchtigen Fettsäuren und CO 2 auf die Nettoabsorption von Magnesium aus dem temporär isolierten Pansen von Kälbern In den vorliegenden Untersuchungen wurde die Resorption von Magnesium aus dem vorübergehend isolierten Pansen von Kälbern untersucht. Die Wirkung unterschiedlicher Konzentrationen von Na, K, NH 4 + , VFA und von unterschiedlichem P CO2 wurde geprüft. In allen Versuchen wurde eine Resorption von Magnesium beobachtet. Das Ausmaß der Magnesiumresorption wurde jedoch erheblich von der Zusammensetzung der Pufferlösung bestimmt. Steigende Kaliumkonzentrationen verminderten die Magnesiumresorption signifikant. Eine Veränderung der Natriumkonzentration beeinflußte die Magnesiumresorption nicht. Geringfügige Erhöhungen der Ammoniakkonzentration auf 10 mmol·l −1 verursachten eine signifikante Verringerung der Magnesiumresorption. Flüchtige Fettsäuren und CO 2 erhöhten die Resorption von Magnesium aus dem Pansen. Die Ergebnisse werden im Zusammenhang mit der Pathogenese der Weidetetanie diskutiert.

Topic: Magnesium in Health and Disease
Subfield: Nutrition and Dietetics
Field: Nursing
Domain: Health Sciences
Teenage Attempted Suicide in Hong Kong

We examined the epidemiological profiles and characteristics of suicide attempters admitted to the Accident and Emergency Department of a regional hospital in Hong Kong (Princess Margaret Hospital) in the period from January to December 1995. These consisted of 101 adolescents (16 males and 85 females) aged between 10 to 24 years. There were significantly more female attempters than males, especially in the group aged 10-19, which had a male-to-female ratio of suicide rates of 1:11. Most of the methods used were nonlethal; the attempters were not serious enough and had no real intention to die. The use of painkillers and sleeping pills was most common. The main precipitating factor was interpersonal problems, for example, relationships, spousal and parental problems, especially among teenage girls. More than 90% of the cases stayed at the hospital for further observation, the mean length of stay in the hospital being 3.3 days. The potential health cost to the hospital system was around HK$ 11.7 million. Underestimating the prevalence of attempted suicides in Hong Kong could be a serious matter.

Topic: Suicide and Self-Harm Studies
Subfield: Clinical Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
111 Prophylactic antiemetic therapy with dexamethasone in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy

Objective : To evaluate the effectiveness of intravenously administered dexamethasone for the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting in patients undergoing elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Methods : Fifty adult patients were randomly allocated to one of the two groups, to receive either 10mg (3ml) of dexamethasone i.v. (Group A), or 3ml normal saline i.v. (Group B). Results : The results showed that 8% of the patients in the dexamethasone group compared with 40% in the saline group reported vomiting (P<0.05). The total incidence of nausea and vomiting was 16% in the dexamethasone group and 76% in the saline group (P<0.001). Conclusion : Prophylactic intravenous dexamethasone 10mg significantly reduced the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

Topic: Nausea and vomiting management
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Liver Fat Accumulation after Islet Transplantation and Graft Survival

Our objective is to evaluate if there is an association between liver fat accumulation after islet transplantation (ITx) and graft survival. A cohort study was conducted in 34 subjects with type 1 diabetes postallogeneic ITx. Liver fat content was evaluated by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) (change in liver signal intensity on in-phase and opposed-phase images). Kaplan–Meier curves and Cox regression analysis were performed with islet dysfunction duration as the dependent variable and fat liver content as an independent one. Values of p &lt; 0.05 were significant (SSPS ® 18.0 and MedCalc ® 12.5). Patients' mean age was 40 ± 8 years (diabetes duration: 31 ± 12 years; male: 41%). Islet survival did not differ in patients without (51 months, 95% CI 40–62 months) or with steatosis (48 months, 95% CI 38–58 months; p = 0.55) during islet dysfunction period. Nevertheless, survival curves appear to separate late in the follow-up, and after 40 months steatosis was associated with shorter graft survival ( p log rank = 0.049). This association remained (RR 23.5, 95% CI 1.1–516.0; p = 0.045) after adjustments for possible confounding factors. In this sample of subjects with type 1 diabetes submitted to ITx, steatosis was not associated with islet failure in the whole cohort. However, in subjects with functional islets after 40 months, a shorter graft survival was observed in those with steatosis during the islet dysfunction period, even after adjustments to variables known to be associated with islet failure.

Topic: Pancreatic function and diabetes
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Retinal Detachment in Patients With Retained Lens Fragments or Dislocated Posterior Chamber Intraocular Lenses

* BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Retinal detachment is a complication of dislocated crystalline and intraocular lenses. The purpose of this study was to compare the frequency and management of coexisting or subsequent retinal detachment in patients with retained lens fragments or dislocated posterior chamber intraocular lenses (PC IOLs). * PATIENTS AND METHODS: A retrospective, consecutive series of patients undergoing vitrectomy for dislocated PC IOLs (99 eyes) or removal of retained lens material (80 eyes) were studied. * RESULTS: Eyes with retinal detachment and retained lens fragments (2 cases) or dislocated PC IOLs (2 cases), or retinal detachment following vitrectomy for removal of retained lens fragments (2 cases) or repair of dislocated IOL (1 case) were identified. The prevalence of coexisting or postoperative retinal detachment and retained lens fragments (5% total) was slightly higher than the prevalence of coexisting or postoperative retinal detachment and dislocated PC IOLs (3% total). The retina was reattached in all cases using the standard scierai buckling and vitrectomy techniques. * CONCLUSION: The rate of retinal detachment associated with retained lens material is decreased compared with previous reports. This may possibly be a result of increasing attention to minimizing surgical trauma by the cataract surgeon at the time of lens fragment loss and by the vitrectomy surgeon during primary repair. [Ophthalmic Surg Lasers 1996;27:856-861.]

Topic: Intraocular Surgery and Lenses
Subfield: Ophthalmology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Deep reinforcement learning for irrigation scheduling using high-dimensional sensor feedback

Deep reinforcement learning has considerable potential to improve irrigation scheduling in many cropping systems by applying adaptive amounts of water based on various measurements over time. The goal is to discover an intelligent decision rule that processes information available to growers and prescribes sensible irrigation amounts for the time steps considered. Due to the technical novelty, however, the research on the technique remains sparse and impractical. To accelerate the progress, the paper proposes a principled framework and actionable procedure that allow researchers to formulate their own optimisation problems and implement solution algorithms based on deep reinforcement learning. The effectiveness of the framework was demonstrated using a case study of irrigated wheat grown in a productive region of Australia where profits were maximised. Specifically, the decision rule takes nine state variable inputs: crop phenological stage, leaf area index, extractable soil water for each of the five top layers, cumulative rainfall and cumulative irrigation. It returns a probabilistic prescription over five candidate irrigation amounts (0, 10, 20, 30 and 40 mm) every day. The production system was simulated at Goondiwindi using the APSIM-Wheat crop model. After training in the learning environment using 1981-2010 weather data, the learned decision rule was tested individually for each year of 2011-2020. The results were compared against the benchmark profits obtained by a conventional rule common in the region. The discovered decision rule prescribed daily irrigation amounts that uniformly improved on the conventional rule for all the testing years, and the largest improvement reached 17% in 2018. The framework is general and applicable to a wide range of cropping systems with realistic optimisation problems.

Topic: Irrigation Practices and Water Management
Subfield: Soil Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
DOPSIE: Deep-Order Proximity and Structural Information Embedding

Graph-embedding algorithms map a graph into a vector space with the aim of preserving its structure and its intrinsic properties. Unfortunately, many of them are not able to encode the neighborhood information of the nodes well, especially from a topological prospective. To address this limitation, we propose a novel graph-embedding method called Deep-Order Proximity and Structural Information Embedding (DOPSIE). It provides topology and depth information at the same time through the analysis of the graph structure. Topological information is provided through clustering coefficients (CCs), which is connected to other structural properties, such as transitivity, density, characteristic path length, and efficiency, useful for representation in the vector space. The combination of individual node properties and neighborhood information constitutes an optimal network representation. Our experimental results show that DOPSIE outperforms state-of-the-art embedding methodologies in different classification problems.

Topic: Advanced Graph Neural Networks
Subfield: Artificial Intelligence
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Constrained creativity : composing curriculum-based songs for learning

\n \t\t\tFor more than twenty-five years I have been writing curriculum-based songs as a way of helping my teacher friends and colleagues deliver complex and sometimes dense content to their students. My desire to improve my skills and understanding of the process led me to investigate the process of writing educational songs. Describing it must, of necessity, relate a personal journey. In order to describe this journey this thesis has adopted the qualitative research methodology of autoethnography. This narrative approach combines biography, ethnography, and self-analysis, and presents contextualized information about a subject, linking personal experiences with theory.The goal is to connect with the reader through evocative and accessible storytelling, and to extend understanding of a culture or process. This methodology places me as the principal subject of the research. It not only describes the evolution of my research and composition processes but also expresses my emotional and professional journey. The multilayered account embeds three vignettes under the title of Three Cups of Tea that portray pivotal moments within my inner journey, and explores the effect of research, reflection, reflexivity, and critical evaluation on my work and pedagogy.Curriculum-based song is a pedagogical device used to help students learn and remember. The songs need to be well researched, written for the needs and capabilities of targeted age groups, and must engage the students. The melody must be catchy and memorable, as this acts as a trigger to memory. Lyrics of curriculum songs result from deep research into prescribed topics, and are set to rhythms and music that are appealing to the target audience, in this case middle school students.Using examples from my own compositions as a case study, I analyse my process of creating original curriculum-based songs, and how my writing and composition techniques evolved over two years of research. I document the creation of sixteen songsabout the ancient civilisations of Egypt, Greece, Rome and China. Research data consists of multiple sources of information, including personal journals, work notes, poems, reflective analysis, and conversations with other educators. The purpose of sharing my work and experiences through autoethnography is to expand understanding of the process of curriculum-based song composition, and to connect with other educators who may find this information useful in their own teaching.\n

Topic: Hermeneutics and Narrative Identity
Subfield: Philosophy
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences