jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Hugo Pratt's self-translation : When the verbal leaves the visual

Hugo Pratt's self-translation: When the verbal leaves the visual Hugo Pratt (1927-1995) is considered to be the creator of Europe's first graphic novel. His graphic production, mainly the series dedicated to Corto Maltese, has been the object of study, but little research has been done on the interesting phenomenon of intersemiotic translation within the series. In the last phase of his life, Pratt rewrote A Ballad of the Salty Sea (Una ballata del mare salato, 1967), turning the graphic novel into a literary one (published posthumously in 2003). The present paper will focus on Pratt's translation exercise of his own work. Whereas the original Ballad of the Salty Sea is the result of the intersection between verbal and visual languages, the 2003 novel wipes out the dialogue between image and word. After having analysed the specificity of both the narrations, the paper will present the implications of Pratt's self-translation.

Topic: Translation Studies and Practices
Subfield: Language and Linguistics
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Polymers, Biodegradable

The article contains sections titled: 1. Introduction 2. Biodegradability and Toxicology 2.1. Mechanism of Biodegradation 2.2. Toxicity of Biodegradable Polymers 2.3. Standards for Biodegradable Polymers 2.3.1. Controlled Composting Test 2.3.2 Controlled Test for Aerobic Biodegradation in Soil 2.3.3. Home Composting 2.3.4. Standard Assessment of Biodegradable Polymers 3. Biodegradable Polymers: Synthesis, Properties, and Suppliers 3.1. Raw Materials 3.2. Starch 3.3. Poly(Lactic Acid) (Polylactide, PLA) 3.4. Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) 3.5. Synthetic Structural Polyesters 3.5.1. Aliphatic Polyesters 3.5.2. Aliphatic/Aromatic Polyesters 3.6. Compounds 3.6.1. Compounds of Starch and Biodegradable Polyesters 3.6.2. Compounds of PLA and Biodegradable Polyesters 3.7. Cellulose Derivatives 3.8. Biodegradable Functional Polymers 4. Processing and Additives 4.1. Introduction 4.2. Modification of Biodegradable Polyester Films 5. Market Overview and Growth Drivers 6. Value of Biodegradability—Life-Cycle Assessment (LCA) 7. Applications 7.1. Organic Waste Bags (OWB) 7.2. Shopping (Carrier) Bags 7.3. Mulch Film 7.4. Horticulture and Formation of Landscape 7.5. Packaging 7.5.1. Shrink Film 7.5.2. High-Heat Applications 7.5.3. Shock Absorber from Biodegradable Particle Foam 8. Production Capacity 9. Outlook

Topic: biodegradable polymer synthesis and properties
Subfield: Biomaterials
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Regularity results to the class of variational obstacle problems with variable exponent

In this paper we prove local gradient estimates and higher differentiability result for the solutions of variational obstacle inequalities \int_Ω\big&lt;\mathcal{A}(x,u,Du),D(ϕ-u)\big&gt;dx\geq \int_Ω\mathcal{B}(x,u,Du)(ϕ-u)dx. for all $ϕ\in \mathcal{K}_ψ(Ω)$. Here $Ω(\subset\mathbb{R}^n)$ is bounded, $n\geq 2$ and $ψ:Ω\rightarrow\mathbb{R}$ is called obstacle. Here we deal with variable exponent growth , namely $p(.)$-growth . At first we prove Calderón-Zygmund estiamte and then using this result to prove higher differentiability result in Besov scale.

Topic: Nonlinear Partial Differential Equations
Subfield: Applied Mathematics
Field: Mathematics
Domain: Physical Sciences
Body Rotation and the Stability of Field Dependence

Summary An experiment was performed to determine whether or not changes in field dependence could be obtained under laboratory-produced stress conditions: i.e., body rotation. Two treatments and one control group were employed. Subjects in the first group were given the Rod and Frame Test; and, after a delay, they were spun and retested immediately after rotation (immediate-test group). Subjects in another group were given the Rod and Frame Test, were rotated ; and given the Rod and Frame Test after a delay of 10 minutes (delay-test group). Subjects in the control group were given the Rod and Frame Test and then given the Rod and Frame Test after a 15-minute delay. Subjects in both the immediate-test group and control group showed a decrease in field dependence, with the immediate-test group showing a slightly greater decrease than did the control group. Subjects in the delay-test group did not show a decrease in field dependence. Contrary to expectation, in no case was there a mean increase in field dependence. The results indicate the possibility of a normal decrease in field dependence with readministration of the Rod and Frame Test after a short lapse of time.

Topic: Ergonomics and Musculoskeletal Disorders
Subfield: Social Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Primary intracranial germ-cell tumor in children.

In cases of diabetes insipidus in children or sexual precocity in boys, a thorough investigation for intracranial germ-cell tumors is recommended. The treatment and outcome are different for germinomas and non-germinomatous malignant germ-cell tumors. A thorough pathological diagnosis is recommended for planning of treatment protocol in order to improve prognosis.

Topic: Glioma Diagnosis and Treatment
Subfield: Genetics
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
How galectin-3 changes acute heart failure decision making in the emergency department

When considering the appropriate disposition plan in a patient presenting to the emergency department (ED) with acute heart failure (HF), the range of options includes discharge home to intensive care unit (ICU) admission. Unfortunately, there are few objective measures to insure optimal choices, and the currently available science is scant at best. The consequences of a lack of a standardized approach are nowhere more evident than as demonstrated by the worldwide 90-day heart failure rehospitalization rate that exceeds 25%. New strategies to address this important gap in clinical care are sorely needed. The measurement of galectin-3 may represent a new alternative to the historical standard of gestalt-based clinical disposition decisions. Elevated galectin-3 can identify patients at very high risk for short-term adverse outcomes, while low levels identify a population with essentially no 90-day revisits. This prospective objective measure of illness severity may aid in clinical decision making and thus represent a future where rehospitalization after HF is an unusual event.

Topic: Galectins and Cancer Biology
Subfield: Immunology
Field: Immunology and Microbiology
Domain: Life Sciences
Quantitative Radiobiology for Proton Therapy

This book is an extension and major update of the author's previous work, titled <i>Practical Radiobiology for Proton Therapy Planning</i> (IOP Publishing 2018). The book describes the relative biological effectiveness (RBE) issues within proton therapy and advises on how to use a variable RBE within treatment planning and in dose prescription to improve the safety of proton and other forms on ion beam therapy. Decision-making advice is also provided for protocol breaches, retreatments, dose rate effects and risk assessment. This book is intended for those who already have basic knowledge of radiotherapy and radiobiology, although there is guidance through the fundamental principles for those who are 'discipline crossing'. Part of <a href="https://iopscience.iop.org/bookListInfo/physics-engineering-medicine-biology-series#partner-series">IPEM–IOP Series in Physics and Engineering in Medicine and Biology</a>. Key features • Provides coverage of key topics such as blood oxygen saturation, tissue oxygenation and respiration assessment. • An extension and major update to <i>Practical Radiobiology for Proton Therapy Planning</i> by the author (IOP 2018). • Brings thorough updates to each chapter, with the inclusion of more quantitative methods where appropriate. • Contains end-of-chapter summaries; chapter problems; and simple experiments with pulse oximeters if the device is available. • Includes Mathematica codes where appropriate.

Topic: Radiation Therapy and Dosimetry
Subfield: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
The Disruptive Power of Legal Biography: The Life of Lord Phillimore – Churchman and Judge

This article uses a biography of Lord Walter George Frank Phillimore, a prominent High Churchman and judge in the later nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, to explore the ability of legal biography to disrupt settled or uncritical readings of his comments on the nature of an established church in the case of Marshall v Graham (1907). In so doing it highlights the impact of the nineteenth century’s legal and constitutional reforms upon High Churchmen and lawyers like Phillimore and examines the impact of his churchmanship upon his personal and professional life.

Topic: American Constitutional Law and Politics
Subfield: Political Science and International Relations
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Gremmeniella abietina (Brunchorstia disease)

This datasheet on Gremmeniella abietina covers Identity, Overview, Distribution, Dispersal, Hosts/Species Affected, Diagnosis, Biology & Ecology, Natural Enemies, Impacts, Prevention/Control, Further Information.

Topic: Nematode management and characterization studies
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Modelling the evolution of Vadret da Morteratsch, Switzerland, since the Little Ice Age and into the future

Abstract We use a 3-D higher-order glacier flow model for Vadret da Morteratsch, Engadin, Switzerland, to simulate its strong retreat since the end of the Little Ice Age (LIA) and to project its future disintegration under a warming climate. The flow model, coupled to a 2-D energy-balance model, is initialized with the known maximum glacier extent during the LIA and subsequently forced with mean monthly precipitation and temperature records. To correctly reproduce the observed retreat of the glacier front for the period 1864–2010, additional mass-balance perturbations are required to account for uncertainties in the initial state, the mass-balance model and climate variations not captured by the ambient meteorological records. Changes in glacier volume and area are in good agreement with additional information from historical topographic maps. Under constant 2001–10 climate conditions, a strong retreat and mass loss continue and Vadret da Morteratsch disconnects from its main tributary, Vadret Pers, before 2020. The future glacier evolution is analysed in detail to understand the timing and rate of retreat, and to assess the role of ice dynamics. Assuming a linearly increasing warming of &gt;3°C by 2100, only isolated and largely stagnant ice patches remain at high elevation.

Topic: Cryospheric studies and observations
Subfield: Atmospheric Science
Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences
Domain: Physical Sciences
Surgical Accuracy of Positioning the Maxilla in Patients With Skeletal Class II Malocclusion Using Computer-Aided Design and Computer-Aided Manufacturing-Assisted Orthognathic Surgery

Objective: To evaluate the surgical accuracy of positioning the maxilla in patients with skeletal class II malocclusion using computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/ CAM)-assisted orthognathic surgery. Materials and Methods: The samples consisted of 10 patients with skeletal class II malocclusion, whose cone-beam computed tomographys taken before and immediately after surgery were available and who underwent bimaxillary orthognathic surgery by a single surgeon using Le Fort I osteotomy and bilateral sagittal split ramus osteotomy at the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Seoul National University Dental Hospital, Seoul, South Korea between January 2018 and December 2019. After virtual surgical planning was performed using the FACEGIDE system (Korea), surgical cutting guides, intermediate splints, and custom-made titanium mini-plates were fabricated using CAD/CAM technique. Using 8 landmarks (anterior nasal spine, point A, #16, #13, contact point between #11 and #21, #23, #26, posterior nasal spine), the mean differences between the virtually planned (Virtual) and actual postsurgical position of the maxilla (Actual) in the three-dimensional coordinates (ΔActual-Virtual) and their mean absolute deviations were investigated. Results: The mean differences of 8 landmarks were 0.42 mm left side movement in the transverse coordinate, 0.15 mm forward movement in the sagittal coordinate and 0.10 mm downward movement in the vertical coordinate. Their mean absolute deviations were 0.98, 0.67, and 0.62 mm in the sagittal, vertical, and transverse coordinates, respectively. Conclusions: Since the mean difference was less than 0.5 mm and the range of error was less than 1.0 mm, CAD/CAM-assisted orthognathic surgery might have a high degree of surgical accuracy and clinical relevance in the positioning of the maxilla.

Topic: Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics
Subfield: Orthodontics
Field: Dentistry
Domain: Health Sciences
Table S1 from The Highly Metastatic Nature of Uterine Cervical/Endometrial Cancer Displaying Tumor-Related Leukocytosis: Clinical and Preclinical Investigations

&lt;p&gt;Clinicopathological characteristics of cervical cancer and endometrial cancer patients.&lt;/p&gt;

Topic: Immune cells in cancer
Subfield: Immunology
Field: Immunology and Microbiology
Domain: Life Sciences
Lesbian Lives and Real Existing Socialism in Late Soviet Russia

This chapter contributes to current debates about queer presences and absences by focusing on a notable absence in both queer and Russian studies, namely that of the lives of women involved in same-sex relations in Soviet Russia (1917-89). Until very recently, in existing accounts of Soviet society, queer lives, and lesbian lives even more so, have been notable by their absence and invisibility. Since the 1990s, a handful of pioneering studies has begun to uncover their hidden history; however, existing work has almost exclusively focused on state-enforced mechanisms of regulation of same-sex desire by exploring medical and legal discourses on homosexuality, or same-sex desire in Soviet prison camps (Engelstein, 1995; Zhuk, 1998; Healey, 2001; Kuntsman, 2009). While offering very valuable insights into the lives of Soviet queers, existing research has mostly been based on archival and documentary sources such as police records, court documents, medical studies and the memoirs of GULag prisoners. Thus, with few exceptions (Rotkirch, 2002), the literature has privileged the perspective of professionals or witnesses, rather than queers themselves, and focused very heavily on the environments of the clinic and the prison camp, where homosexuality was symbolically confined by the Soviet state.

Topic: European history and politics
Subfield: Political Science and International Relations
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
The TMA-93: A New Memory Test for Alzheimer’s Disease in Illiterate and Less Educated People

The present study aimed at validating the Memory Associative Test of the district of Seine-Saint-Denis (TMA)-93, a new test of episodic memory. The TMA-93 was proposed to mostly less educated and multicultural elderly population composed of 376 healthy controls (HC) and 94 patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The construct validity was checked by studying correlations with a widely used memory test (the Free and Cued Selective Reminding Test [FCSRT]) in the subsample of literate patients. Results showed that (i) all the TMA-93 scores of the patients with AD were lower than those of the HC, (ii) the TMA-93 total score identified patients with AD with a high sensitivity (88%) and very high specificity (97%), and (iii) the TMA-93 total score was strongly correlated with both free recall and total recall scores of the FCSRT. Taken together, results showed that the TMA-93 is a reliable tool to assess episodic memory in a multicultural, less educated, or illiterate population, with good construct validity for AD diagnostic accuracy.

Topic: Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
Subfield: Psychiatry and Mental health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Process Algebra with Language Matching

An axiom system ACP ø lm is presented as a variant of the process algebra ACP (Algebra of Communicating Processes). The acronym ACP ø lm stands for ACP with abstraction, extended with operators and axioms for language matching . Language matching is a technique based on trace information for labelling and cutting off process terms that do not match some given trace (or set of traces). It is shown that in combination with the axioms for action alphabets interesting results are derivable, the most important of which is the Redundancy Theorem 3.3.6, which roughly states that if no trace labels occur in the expression @H (p l k q), where p l is a labelled version of some process p, then it holds that @H (p l k q) = @H (p k q). It is shown that under certain natural conditions a similar result holds when abstraction is applied to p l and p, respectively. As an example the Concurrent Alternating Bit Protocol (CABP) is verified. The CABP is a simple communication protocol, which can be re...

Topic: Hermeneutics and Narrative Identity
Subfield: Philosophy
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Scale Free Networks; A Literature Review

The Scale-Free Networks model is considered a significant discovery because it has been successfully applied to many complex real-world networks and proved valid. The successful application of the recently discovered model deemed the other model, the random network model, questionable. The presence of scale-free emerging properties in many “real-world ” networks provides initial evidence that these self-organizing phenomena do not only depend on the characteristics of individual systems, but are general laws of evolving networks. This research studies the “BA scale-free network model ” in detail and discusses a variety of its applications. It provides a literature review for many of the discovered scale free networks in nature to the best of our knowledge. It also suggests the exploration of data, information, or knowledge flow relationships among members of work groups in the virtual Information Technology project networks with dispersed team members working in different countries/locations in the world because to the best of our knowledge, this network hasn’t been studied from a scale-free network point of view despite its importance.

Topic: Complex Network Analysis Techniques
Subfield: Statistical and Nonlinear Physics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
MAKING SENSE OF DARWIN THROUGH LENSES OF DEWEY

One of the most important debates in moral philosophy is about sources or foundations of human moral behavior. Different moral theories give us different explanations for human moral behavior. A considerable number of such theories argue that human moral behavior can be reduced to a set of founding principles. For these traditional accounts of morality, human conduct should be examined from a strictly foundationalist perspective. However, there is another and hardly a traditional line in which human moral behavior is a necessary by-product of and should be considered in reference to socialization. John Dewey, one of the important philosophers of this second line, defines the boundaries for this anti-foundationalist side of human morality. For him, morality does not have universal rules or sources and it is not something completely different from habit or custom. Keeping all this in mind, this study aims to employ Dewey’s ethical framework and his conception of morality to understand and evaluate current discussion in moral philosophy. The view evolutionary morality in general has some problems caused by the foundationalist attitude towards morality. It can be argued that a different reading of Darwinian evolutionary morality can help us to avoid taking human moral behavior as a direct consequence of biological determination and unpersuasive results of sociobiological account. In order to achieve this; this study reconsider the notion of altruistic behavior, which is one of the frequently revisited concepts of Darwinian evolutionary morality, in communication with Dewey’s ethical framework.

Topic: Psychology of Moral and Emotional Judgment
Subfield: Cognitive Neuroscience
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences
Ratiometric Fluorescence and Afterglow Lifetime Dual-Channel Nanoprobe for Simultaneous Imaging of HOCl and Temperature in Arthritis

Arthritis is a joint disorder that potentially causes permanent joint damage and eventual disability without effective treatment. Clinical detection methods, including <i>in vitro</i> blood tests and anatomical imaging, still have limitations in achieving real-time <i>in situ</i> early detection of arthritis. In this work, a dual-channel luminescence nanoprobe (AGNPs-Cy7) is reported, which combines a cyanine dye and a photochemical reaction-based afterglow system for real-time <i>in vivo</i> imaging of arthritis. AGNPs-Cy7 simultaneously detect hypochlorous acid (HOCl) and temperature, two important indicators associated with the early development of arthritis, by monitoring the respective changes in independent ratiometric fluorescence and afterglow lifetime signals. The anti-interference properties of both the ratiometric fluorescence signal and afterglow lifetime signal enhance sensing accuracy compared to the single luminescence intensity. The developed probe successfully reveals the simultaneous increase in HOCl concentration and temperature in an arthritis mouse model.

Topic: Nanoplatforms for cancer theranostics
Subfield: Biomedical Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
The vibrational spectra of molecular ions isolated in solid neon. XIII. Ions derived from HBr and HI

When a Ne:HBr or a Ne:HI sample is codeposited at approximately 5 K with discharge-excited neon atoms, the infrared spectrum of the resulting solid includes not only the absorptions of the HX molecule and its multimers but also a prominent absorption of HBr+ or HI+. The absorption of each of the two cations lies within a few cm−1 of its gas-phase band center. The vibrational fundamentals of DBr+ and DI+ are also identified in experiments on deuterium-enriched samples. Other infrared absorptions are assigned to normal and deuterium-substituted (HBr)+2 and (HI)+2, as well as to BrHBr−, BrDBr−, and IHI−. Studies of changes in the absorption spectrum following exposure of the deposit to filtered visible and near ultraviolet radiation support these assignments and provide further information on photodissociation and photodetachment processes occurring in these systems.

Topic: Advanced Chemical Physics Studies
Subfield: Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences