jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Ecclesiastical succession: canon law and compromise in post-conquest England

Les stratégies familiales au Moyen Âge recourent à un vaste éventail de dispositifs destinés à assurer la survie de la famille et du pouvoir qu'elle gère parfois. Mariages, alliances, processus d'adoption même permettent de conserver et d'étendre l'identité familiale, que ce soit sous la forme de la lignée ou de la parenté large; mais ce sont sans doute les stratégies adoptées au moment des successions qui sont les plus cruciales pour la perpétuation des familles. Les études réunies ici tentent de confronter et de comparer les systèmes de succession en vigueur dans les différentes régions d'Occident, de la Russie à l'Irlande, de la Scandinavie à la péninsule Ibérique. Dans le cas des successions princières, elles démontrent que l'étude du principe électoral permet de mieux comprendre, a contrario, ce qui fait la force du sentiment dynastique, jamais absent. Et la comparaison avec d'autres domaines où jouent les processus de succession, qu'il s'agisse de l'Église ou de l'office, vient alimenter des interrogations nouvelles sur les formes du désir de pérennité.

Topic: Medieval Literature and History
Subfield: Classics
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
A SHORT NOTE ON THE SIMULTANEOUS DETERMINATION OF ISOSTATIC GRAVITY AND CO-GEOIDAL EFFECTS BASED ON AIRY–HEISKANEN AND PRATT–HAYFORD HYPOTHESES USING 1° AVERAGED TOPOGRAPHIC MASSES ON THE IDEALISED EARTH

Two sets of computer-oriented formulae are presented to simultaneously determine both gravitational and co-geoidal effects due to 1° averaged topographic masses on the idealised earth on the basis of Airy–Heiskanen and Pratt–Hayford hypotheses for any thickness and depth of compensation of the Earth's crust. Computations are carried out for the entire Earth in two stages. Firstly for radial distances up to about 35° using the first set of formulae and the mean heights of 1° × 1°, 2° × 2° and 3° × 3° squares of latitudes and longitudes, and then for radial distances beyond 35° up to the antipode using the second set of formulae and the 1° × 1° mean heights of 4° × 4°, 5° × 5° and 6° × 6° squares. The two outputs are then combined to obtain the final required results.Related indirect gravity effect and displacement of C. G. for isostatic co-geoids are also included.

Topic: Geophysics and Gravity Measurements
Subfield: Oceanography
Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences
Domain: Physical Sciences
Fig. 22 in Taxonomic revision of the genus Loboscelidia Westwood, 1874 (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae: Loboscelidiinae) from Vietnam

Fig. 22. Loboscelidia squamosa sp. nov., holotype, ♀ (VNMN). A. Lateral habitus. B. Head, dorsal view. C. Head, frontal view. D. Head, lateral view. E. Forewing. F. Pronotum, dorsal view. G. Mesosoma, dorsal view. Scale bars = 0.5 mm.

Topic: Berberine and alkaloids research
Subfield: Pharmacology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Reconfigurable single-feed antenna with switchable polarization

A new reconfigurable single-feed circular microstrip antenna with polarization diversity is proposed. The simple structure of this antenna contains a radiating circular patch, four switches (PIN diode), and a 50 Ω microstrip feed line. It can be switched between four different states: two states for linear polarization (LP), one state for left hand circular polarization (LHCP) and one for right hand circular polarization (RHCP). Simulation and experimental results show that the proposed antenna demonstrates a good impedance bandwidth, and axial ratio in the circularly polarized states.

Topic: Antenna Design and Analysis
Subfield: Aerospace Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Deep Neural Networks for Determining the Parameters of Buildings from Single-Shot Satellite Imagery

The height of a building is a basic characteristic needed for analytical services. It can be used to evaluate the population and functional zoning of a region. The analysis of the height structure of urban territories can be useful for understanding the population dynamics. In this paper, a novel method for determining a building’s height from a single-shot Earth remote sensing oblique image is proposed. The height is evaluated by a simulation algorithm that uses the masks of shadows and the visible parts of the walls. The image is segmented using convolutional neural networks that makes it possible to extract the masks of roofs, shadows, and building walls. The segmentation models are integrated into a completely automatic system for mapping buildings and evaluating their heights. The test dataset containing a labeled set of various buildings is described. The proposed method is tested on this dataset, and it demonstrates the mean absolute error of less than 4 meters.

Topic: Remote-Sensing Image Classification
Subfield: Media Technology
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystal deposition disease and retro-odontoid pseudotumor rupture managed via posterior occipital cervical instrumented fusion: illustrative case

BACKGROUND Craniocervical junction and subaxial cervical spinal manifestations of calcium pyrophosphate deposition disease are rarely encountered. The authors presented a severe case of retro-odontoid pseudotumor rupture causing rapid quadriparesis and an acute comatose state with subsequent radiographic and clinical improvement after posterior occipital cervical fusion. OBSERVATIONS The authors surveyed the literature and outlined multiple described operative management strategies for compressive cervical and craniocervical junction calcium pyrophosphate deposition disease manifestations ranging from neck pain to paresthesia, weakness, myelopathy, quadriparesis, and cranial neuropathies. In this report, radiographic features of cervical and craniocervical junction calcium pyrophosphate deposition disease were explored. Several previously described surgical strategies were compiled, including patient characteristics and outcomes. LESSONS With this case report, the authors presented for the first time an isolated posterior occipital cervical fusion for treatment of a compressive retro-odontoid pseudotumor with rupture into the brainstem. They demonstrated rapid clinical and radiographic resolution after stabilization of cranial cervical junction only 12 weeks postsurgery.

Topic: Spinal Fractures and Fixation Techniques
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
50th Anniversary of the Department of Pediatric Surgery in Berlin-Buch

The 50th anniversary of “Kinderchirurgische Klinik” in the former Städtisches Hufeland-Krankenhaus, today HELIOS Klinikum Berlin, Klinikum Buch, will be celebrated on December 10, 2006. Buch is a district in northeastern Berlin.

Topic: Medical History and Innovations
Subfield: History
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Effect of Mental Workload on Breathing Pattern and Heart Rate for a Working Memory Task: A Pilot Study

Mental workload or cognitive load is the total amount of mental resources required while doing a task. Apart from qualitative measures, various physiological signals are being used for assessment of mental workload. However, very limited research has been done on assessment of cognitive load from respiratory signals. In the present study, we have tried to analyze the cognitive load mainly based on respiratory features. n-back memory test has been modified to impart low and high cognitive load. The peripheral blood volume signal (PPG) collected while executing the task is used to reconstruct the breathing pattern signal. A number of morphological as well as statistical features are calculated from this reconstructed signal. Finally a classifier is used for classifying the low and high cognitive load. Results show that a classification accuracy of 76.8% is obtained while using respiratory features only. A maximum accuracy of 81.80% is obtained if we combine time domain PPG features with respiratory features. The features finally selected can also be used to study the habituation effect.

Topic: Healthcare Technology and Patient Monitoring
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
P.Oxy.VI 864 Poetical Fragment, P.Oxy.VI 864

[Text Description:] Ends of lines from an entire column, apparently from an anthology of poetry. ❧ [Text or Publication Number Note:] P.Oxy.VI 864, P.Oxy. 864, Spurlock 1914.21.0001 ❧ [Excavation Description:] Excavated by archaeologists, including Bernard Pyne Grenfell and Arthur Surridge Hunt, at an ancient rubbish dump near Oxyrhynchus in Egypt (28°32'N 30°40'E, modern el-Bahnasa). ❧ [Medium:] Papyrus ❧ [Script Note:] Greek ❧ [Physical Object Description:] Papyrus manuscript, 15.8 x 6.8 cm.

Topic: Silymarin and Mushroom Poisoning
Subfield: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Computer Vision Syndrome

Computer vision syndrome (CVS) is a term that describes vision-related problems and other symptoms caused by prolonged computer use.As our dependence on computers continues to grow, an increasing number of people are seeking medical attention for eye strain and irritation, along with back, neck, and shoulder soreness.Working for long hours in front of the computer is no longer confined to the office.Computers are now extensively used in schools and at home as well.With an increased popularity of notebooks, tablets, smartphones, and e-book readers, the use of digital devices is no longer only limited to desktops.People use digital display devices for work, web surfing, social networking, and playing video games.In this technoage, children as young as 2 years are given touchscreen devices like iPads to play.Professional video game players in South Korea are known to spend as long as 18 h per day in front of their screens at a stretch.However, based on the current evidence, it is unlikely that the use of computers causes permanent changes or damage to the eyes or visual system.

Topic: Ergonomics and Musculoskeletal Disorders
Subfield: Social Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
The development of the theory of construction grammar in 1985–2024

This article provides a detailed overview of the history of the development of the theory of construction grammar, which began to take shape in the late 1980s and reached its peak in the 21st century. The key stages of its development also are analyzed. This review aims to ensure the further development of the theory of construction grammar, laying the groundwork for its scientific progress.

Topic: Syntax, Semantics, Linguistic Variation
Subfield: Language and Linguistics
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Apoptosis in cancer: cause and cure

The accumulation of neoplastic cells can occur through enhanced proliferation, diminished cell turnover, or a combination of both processes. Although the potential contribution of diminished cell turnover to tumor development has been appreciated for a decade, more recent studies in animal models and clinical cancer specimens have elucidated the mechanisms by which alterations in the apoptotic machinery contribute to the process of carcinogenesis. At the same time, a different group of studies have demonstrated the feasibility of eliminating neoplastic cells by selectively inducing apoptosis. In this essay, we review recent developments in the fields of carcinogenesis and molecular therapeutics in light of new understanding of apoptotic pathways. BioEssays 22:1007–1017, 2000. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Topic: Cell death mechanisms and regulation
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Bangudae Petroglyphs production experiment and study of overlapping pictures

The archaeological approach of Bangudae petroglyphs the bottom of the overlapping picture is a whale picture. When the whales were mainly hunted, it was possible to estimate the possibility that the Earthenware Bowl with Raised Pattern group produced whale paintings of petroglyphs. It was observed that Bangudae petroglyphs were artificially represented by lines (Section IIB), which was a long trace, similar to the cutting technique that began in the Neolithic era. The manufacturing technique appeared in various ways in one picture, and many facets were produced by pecking. The petroglyph manufacturing experiment is presumed to have had a drafting phase to draw a precise picture, and it was produced by different techniques (split and drawn) depending on the part. The manufacturing technique was usually a method similar to the indirect peeling of stone making.

Topic: Maritime and Coastal Archaeology
Subfield: Archeology
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Risk factors for the progress of subclinical atherosclerosis in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetics with multifactorial intervention

目的 探讨多因素干预条件下新诊2型糖尿病患者亚临床动脉粥样硬化(AS)进展的危险因素.方法 前瞻性观察156例年龄35～70岁、病程在1年以内、无亚临床动脉粥样硬化的2型糖尿病患者在采取以抗血小板为基础的强化血糖、血脂、血压、体重等综合达标干预措施的2年中各代谢指标和亚临床动脉粥样硬化的动态变化,比较强化干预2年后发生与未发生亚临床动脉粥样硬化的患者间代谢控制的差异,采用logistic回归分析探讨亚临床动脉粥样硬化进展的危险因素.结果 156例患者经2年的综合强化干预,颈总动脉和股动脉血管内中膜厚度与基线比较差异无统计学意义,但显著高于1年时的对应值(P＜0.01);干预2年时,45例(28.8%)患者检出有血管内中膜厚度异常或动脉粥样硬化斑块,高于干预1年时的18例(11.5%,P＜0.01);糖化血红蛋白、总胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、稳态模型的胰岛素抵抗指数与干预1年时的对应值比较有升高趋势(P＜0.01);糖化血红蛋白的达标率亦显著低于干预1年时(P＜0.01).亚临床动脉粥样硬化组糖化血红蛋白和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇的达标率低于无动脉粥样硬化组(P＜0.01).logistic回归分析显示,低密度脂蛋白胆固醇达标可使亚临床动脉粥样硬化发生的相对危险度减少83%,糖化血红蛋白达标使相对危险度减少59%,但随访2年时,年龄每增加10岁使相对危险度增加82%.结论 多因素强化干预并不能完全阻止新诊2型糖尿病亚临床动脉粥样硬化的发生,随着时间的推移,亚临床动脉粥样硬化呈进展趋势,血糖、血脂亦呈上升趋势;低密度脂蛋白胆固醇和糖化血红蛋白是否达标以及年龄是影响新诊2型糖尿病患者发生亚临床动脉粥样硬化的主要危险因素。

Topic: Cerebrovascular and Carotid Artery Diseases
Subfield: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
DNA barcoding of genus<i>Toxoptera</i>Koch (Hemiptera: Aphididae): Identification and molecular phylogeny inferred from mitochondrial<i>COI</i>sequences

Abstract Identification of aphid species is always difficult due to the shortage of easily distinguishable morphological characters. Aphid genus Toxoptera consists of species with similar morphology and similar to Aphis in most morphological characters except the stridulatory apparatus. DNA barcodes with 1 145 bp sequences of partial mitochondrial cytochrome‐coxidase I ( COI ) genes were used for accurate identification of Toxoptera . Results indicated mean intraspecific sequence divergences were 1.33%, whereas mean interspecific divergences were greater at 8.29% (0.13% and 7.79% if T . aurantii 3 and T . aurantii 4 are cryptic species). Sixteen samples were distinguished to four species correctly by COI barcodes, which implied that DNA barcoding was successful in discrimination of aphid species with similar morphology. Phylogenetic relationships among species of this genus were tested based on this portion of COI sequences. Four species of Toxoptera assembled a clade with low support in maximum‐parsimony (MP) analysis, maximum‐likelihood (ML) analysis and Bayesian phylogenetic trees, the genus Toxoptera was not monophyletic, and there were two sister groups, such as T. citricidus and T. victoriae , and two clades of T. aurantii which probably presented cryptic species in the genus.

Topic: Insect-Plant Interactions and Control
Subfield: Insect Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
EL SISTEMA DE FRANJA DE PRECIOS PARA LOS PRODUCTOS AGRÍCOLAS EN EL PACTO ANDINO: DEFINICION DE CAMBIO ESTRUCTURAL

It analyzes the structural change in the context of the price band in the Andean Pact in order to advance proposals for the reform of Decision 37.1 so that it can consider the systematic and sustained changes in the international product market. The focus of the work is statistical, since the system is updated using moving averages and statistical criteria. Thirteen time series used in the price band system are analyzed and univariate models are proposed for each one of them. Furthermore, a rule is proposed to define the structural change, and the univariate models obtained are used to prove said rule using Monte Carlo test for the thirteen products. It is concluded that the price band system can be useful to face short-term fluctuations in international prices, as well as long-term adjustments, but it is not prepared to solve problems generated by structural changes, so it can be modified to consider this issue, but the basic principle of the system should be maintained.

Topic: Agricultural and Food Production Studies
Subfield: Food Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Hydroxylated Sclerosporin derivatives from a cytotoxic Wardomyces inflatus extract

The marine-derived fungus Wardomyces inflatus was isolated from the green alga Enteromorpha sp. Cultivation on a biomalt medium with added sea salt yielded an extract cytotoxic toward cancer cells. To date, we have isolated from this extract sclerosporin and four new hydroxylated sclerosporin derivatives, namely 8-hydroxy sclerosporin, 11-hydroxy sclerosporin, 12-hydroxy sclerosporin and 15-hydroxy sclerosporin. Sclerosporin is a rare antifungal and sporogenic cadinane-type sesquiterpene [1,2].

Topic: Plant Pathogens and Fungal Diseases
Subfield: Cell Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Association of the T8590C Polymorphism of <i>CYP4A11</i> With Hypertension in the MONICA Augsburg Echocardiographic Substudy

Genetic variants of the arachidonic acid monooxygenase CYP4A11 result in decreased synthesis of 20-hydroxyeicostatetraenoic acid and experimental hypertension. Moreover, in humans, the T8590C polymorphism of CYP4A11 displayed association with arterial hypertension. The aim of the present study was to further investigate this association in a large population-based sample. Therefore, the participants of the echocardiographic substudy of the third MONICA (MONitoring trends and determinants In CArdiovascular disease) survey (n=1397) were studied by standardized anthropometric, echocardiographic, and biochemical measurements as well as genotyping for CYP4A11 T8590C allele status. Individuals with the CC genotype have higher systolic (CC 141.4±3.17 mm Hg versus CT 134.2±0.97 mm Hg and TT 134.3±0.53 mm Hg; P =0.03) and diastolic blood pressure levels (CC 85.4±2.06 mm Hg versus CT 80.3±0.63 mm Hg and TT 80.7±0.34 mm Hg; P =0.02). Accordingly, the odds ratio (adjusted for age, body mass index, and gender) of the CC genotype versus the CT and TT genotypes for hypertension was 3.31 (95% confidence interval [CI]), 1.38 to 7.96; P =0.016) in the entire study population, with similar trends in men (4.30 [95% CI, 1.08 to 17.15]) and women (2.93 [95% CI, 0.88 to 9.84]). Consistent with the renal effects of the gene, no blood pressure–independent association between the T8590C polymorphism and echocardiographic parameters of left ventricular function and geometry was found. In conclusion, our data strengthen the association between the T8590C polymorphism of CYP4A11 and hypertension and suggest a recessive mode of inheritance. In contrast, we found no blood pressure–independent modulatory effect of CYP4A11 T8590C on cardiac size, structure, and function.

Topic: Eicosanoids and Hypertension Pharmacology
Subfield: Biochemistry
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
HIV-HCV Co-infection Among Blood Donors

Background The World Health Organisation (WHO) estimate that 170 million individuals worldwide are infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV). However the prevalence of HCV infection varies throughtout the world. HCV is transmitted primarily through blood or blood products or contact with infected tissue (blood transfusion intravenous immunoglobulins, intavenous drug abuse and tissue transplant). Since hepatitis C is a prevntable disease, accurate description of the prevalence and risk factors for the disease is a pre-requisite for prevention. This study is of public health importance as the National Transfusion Service has no policy to screen donated units of blood for hepatitis C. This is so due to the non availability of supporting epidemiological data and prohibitive costs of the HCV testing kits.

Topic: Hepatitis C virus research
Subfield: Hepatology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
The development and implementation of an inquiry‐based nutrition education curriculum for the Shaping Healthy Choices Program

The objective of this study was to develop and evaluate an inquiry‐based nutrition education curriculum that includes garden‐based extension activities. The curriculum is intended to help students learn key nutrition concepts and improve science process skills that are important for making healthy choices. Curriculum topics include: roles of nutrients, MyPlate recommendations, physical activity, reading food labels, understanding consumerism, and making healthy snacks. This curriculum was implemented among 4 th ‐grade children as part of the Shaping Healthy Choices Program (SHCP), a multi‐component, controlled intervention. Schools meeting inclusion criteria were randomly assigned to control (C) or intervention (I) groups. Participation was n=133 (C) and n=177 (I). Percent eligibility in the Free and Reduced‐Price Meal Program was 30–35%. Basic Test of Science Processing Skills (BAPS) mean scores were 25.9 (C) and 25.6 (I) out of 35, and nutrition knowledge mean scores were 20.2 (C) and 19.5 (I) out of 35. BAPS was correlated with nutrition knowledge (r=.48; p&lt;.001). Qualitative data included student use of science process skills in nutrition‐related problems and journal reflections from classroom teachers. Teachers reported enthusiasm by students for lesson content and student learning exceeded their expectations. Supported by UCANR and USDA 2011–38420‐20082.

Topic: Diverse Educational Innovations Studies
Subfield: General Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Directory of Pediatric Societies

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Pediatrics HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Pediatrics journal

Topic: Child and Adolescent Health
Subfield: General Health Professions
Field: Health Professions
Domain: Health Sciences