jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Small Area Methods and Administrative Data Integration

The literature of small area estimation (SAE) is dominated by sample-survey-based applications, where administrative register data are used as covariates in the models. Register-based statistics, however, are becoming more and more common, and integration of survey and administrative data can raise many distinct issues. Compared to sample survey data, an important advantage of the register data is that statistics can be produced at much more detailed aggregation levels. For instance, register-based census have been carried out in a number of European countries. Statistical measures of uncertainty, however, are rarely produced for register-based statistics, partly due to a lack of theoretical developments, partly due to the complexity of the errors involved. These issues are particularly relevant also for the production of poverty and well-being indicators. In many countries data coming from large sample surveys, such as the Labour Force survey (LFS) or the EU-SILC (European Union - Statistics in Income and Living Conditions), can be complemented or integrated with data coming from several population registers to obtain either more accurate estimates at the local level, or multidimensional indicators that could not have been produced using each source on its own.&#13;\nWe shall characterize the settings of SAE which involve administrative data according to (a) whether there are relevant additional sample survey data present and, if so, (b) how the target measure is related to the available data in the two sources.

Topic: demographic modeling and climate adaptation
Subfield: Management Science and Operations Research
Field: Decision Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
INVENTING TRADITIONS: BRITISH SAFARIS - Hunting Africa: British Sport, African Knowledge and the Nature of Empire. By Angela Thompsell . New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2015. Pp. xiii + 229. $100.00, hardback (ISBN 9781137494429).

INVENTING TRADITIONS: BRITISH SAFARIS - Hunting Africa: British Sport, African Knowledge and the Nature of Empire. By Angela Thompsell . New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2015. Pp. xiii + 229. $100.00, hardback (ISBN 9781137494429). - Volume 58 Issue 3

Topic: Sport and Mega-Event Impacts
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Behavior enhanced instant messaging using desktop robots

This paper presents the development of an application that uses the body movements of desktop robots to enhance online conversations on instant messaging. Acting as the avatars of the remote users, the desktop robots represent instant messages with expressive behaviors to the local users. Robot behaviors are built on a set of action modules and associated with instant messages in the formats of text or emoticons. Behavior representation adds humane features to instant messaging. Responses from the public to the desktop robots indicate that this application might become widespread in the near future.

Topic: Social Robot Interaction and HRI
Subfield: Social Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Influence of Integrated Nutrient Management on Soil Properties and Plant Nutrient Uptake in Maize

A field experiment was conducted at Instructional-cum-Research Farm (ICR) of Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat during summer season of the year 2016 to evaluate the varietal response and effective integrated nutrient management practice for growth and yield of maize. The experiment was laid out in split plot design and replicated thrice. The soil of the experimental site was sandy loam in texture, acidic in reaction (pH 4.94), medium in organic carbon (0.72%), low in available N (159 kg/ha) and P2O5 (23.78 kg/ha) and medium in available K2O (160.5 kg/ha). Two composite variety of maize viz., RCM-76 and DA-61-A were sown in 18th of March (2016) and harvested by two picking on 24th June and 4th July. Experimental findings revealed that the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium uptake by crop was highest (144.06 kg/ha N, 26.7 kg/ha P2O5, 141.9 kg/ha K2O) under 50% RD of N through fertilizer + 50% N replaced by Enriched compost with DA-61-A variety. However the nutrient status of the soil did not differ significantly, the available nutrient status decreased as compared to initial status.

Topic: Agricultural Science and Fertilization
Subfield: Soil Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Hair Dryer Burns in Children

Three children with burn injuries caused by home hair dryers are described. In one patient the injury was believed to be accidental, and in the other two cases the injuries were deliberately caused by a caretaker. The lack of prior experience with hair dryer burns initially led to suspicion of other causes. The characteristics of each case aided in the final determination of accidental vs nonaccidental injury. These cases prompted testing of home hair dryers to determine their heat output. At the highest heat settings, the dryers rapidly generated temperatures in excess of 110°C. After the dryers were turned off, the protective grills maintained sufficient temperatures to cause full-thickness burns for up to 2 minutes. These cases and the results of testing demonstrate that hair dryers must be added to the list of known causes of accidental and nonaccidental burns in children.

Topic: Burn Injury Management and Outcomes
Subfield: Epidemiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Glycogen Stored in Skeletal but Not in Cardiac Muscle in Acid α-Glucosidase Mutant (Pompe) Mice Is Highly Resistant to Transgene-Encoded Human Enzyme

Although many lysosomal disorders are corrected by a small amount of the missing enzyme, it has been generally accepted that 20–30% of normal acid α-glucosidase (GAA) activity, provided by gene or enzyme replacement therapy, would be required to reverse the myopathy and cardiomyopathy in Pompe disease. We have addressed the issue of reversibility of the disease in the Gaa–/– mouse model. We have made transgenic lines expressing human GAA in skeletal and cardiac muscle of Gaa–/– mice, and we turned the transgene on at different stages of disease progression by using a tetracycline-controllable system. We have demonstrated that levels of 20–30% of normal activity are indeed sufficient to clear glycogen in the heart of young Gaa–/– mice, but not in older mice with a considerably higher glycogen load. However, in skeletal muscle—a major organ affected in infantile and in milder, late-onset variants in humans—induction of GAA expression in young Gaa–/– mice to levels greatly exceeding wildtype values did not result in full phenotypic correction, and some muscle fibers showed little or no glycogen clearance. The results demonstrate that complete reversal of pathology in skeletal muscle or long-affected heart muscle will require much more enzyme than previously expected or a different approach.

Topic: Lysosomal Storage Disorders Research
Subfield: Physiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Path Coefficient Analysis of Bambara Groundnut Pod Yield Components at Four Planting Dates

Little is known on the relationship between yield and its c omponents in bambara groundnuts outside the traditional growing season in Zimbabwe, information that is important when selecting cultivars for of f-season plant ing. To study these relationships, correlation and path co efficient analyses were performed on y ield t raits in bambara groundnuts cultivars planted at four planting dates in Zi mbabwe during 2000 - 2001. A split-plot ar rangement i n a randomised complete block design with planting date as main plot factor and c ultivar as subplot factor was used. Moisture was supplied through irrigation during off-season cultivation and supplementary irr igation was applied during the rainy season. D ays to 50% emergence, days t o 50% flowering, days to 95% physiological maturity, plant count at harvest, pod count plant , and dr y pod yield pl ot were measured and da ta were analysed using GenStat. Correlation -1 -1 and path coefficient analyses were performed for the traits for each planting date. Most of the correlation coefficients were significant (P<0.05) and dry pod yield was more dependent on the direct effects o f i ts components compared to t he indirect effects through other components, suggesting that direct selection is more effective. All the direct effects showed contrasting influences on dry pod yield for the same traits, but at different planting da tes excep t for t he num ber of plants p lot on which t hey were all positive. The -1

Topic: Agricultural pest management studies
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
IMPLEMENTASI PENERAPAN PENGKREDITAN PAJAK MASUKAN BAGI PENGUSAHA JASA PENYEDIA JALAN TOL UNTUK MEWUJUDKAN KEPASTIAN HUKUM

&lt;div&gt;Value Added Tax is a tax that can be categorized as an objective tax. Value Added Tax is also called Indirect Tax, this is because the burden of the tax can be delegated to other parties. Value Added Tax is regulated in Law no. 42 of 2009 concerning Value Added Tax, the Law regulates the existing policies in each Value Added Tax Object. The research objectives in writing this are to analyze and develop the rules and implementation of toll road VAT collection in Indonesia and to analyze the legal certainty of crediting input tax on toll roads for toll road service entrepreneurs in Indonesia. The research uses a normative juridical approach that emphasizes library research. In this study, the legislation approach, conceptual approach, comparative approach, case approach, and historical approach are used.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;Based on the results of the study, it shows that the VAT regulation is regulated in&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;Law Number 8 of 1983 concerning Value Added Tax of Goods and Services and Sales Tax on Luxury Goods as amended by Law Number 18 of 2000 (hereinafter referred to as the VAT Law) stipulating that: Article 1 number 25: Output Tax is a Value Added Tax payable that must be collected by a Taxable Entrepreneur who delivers Taxable Goods, delivers Taxable Services or exports Taxable Goods. Article 4A paragraph (3) along with its explanation, toll road provision services are not included in the group that is not subject to Value Added Tax. Article 9 paragraph (2) Input Tax in a Tax Period is credited with Output Tax for the same Tax Period. Article 16B paragraph (2) Input Tax that is paid for the acquisition of Taxable Goods and or the acquisition of Taxable Services for which Value Added Tax is not collected can be credited&lt;/div&gt;

Topic: Taxation and Compliance Studies
Subfield: Economics and Econometrics
Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance
Domain: Social Sciences
<i>Introduction to Language and Linguistics</i>

Expands the discussion of coordinate structures started in the previous chapter to another kind to syntactic ambiguity involving a prepositional phrase in the title of the Princeton University introductory linguistics course: Introduction to Language and Linguistics. On one interpretation, the left conjunct is only Language; while on the other, it is Introduction to Language. Each interpretation corresponds to a unique hierarchical structure. To determine why one interpretation is more appropriate than the other, it is necessary to consider the meaning of the words language and linguistics, including how they relate. This leads to a basic discussion of what a language is and what language is from the perspective of modern linguistics. This chapter wraps up the analysis of coordinate structures with a discussion of the use and misuse of coordinate structures in writing. It demonstrates how coordinate structures can be a source of ambiguity, redundancy, and vagueness—all hallmarks of poor writing.

Topic: Syntax, Semantics, Linguistic Variation
Subfield: Language and Linguistics
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Gap collapse and flat band induced by uniaxial strain in $1T−TaS_2$

Interlayer coupling is strongly implicated in the complex electronic properties of 1⁢𝑇 −TaS2. Uniaxial strain engineering offers a route to modify this coupling in order to elucidate its interplay with the electronic structure and electronic correlations. Here, we employ angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) to reveal the effect of uniaxial strain on the electronic structure in 1⁢𝑇 −TaS2. The gap of the normally insulating ground state is significantly reduced, with a correlated flat band appearing close to the Fermi level. Temperature-dependent ARPES measurements reveal that the flat band only develops below the commensurate charge density wave (CCDW) transition, where interlayer dimerization produces a band insulator in unstrained samples. Electronic structure calculations suggest that the correlated flat band is stabilized by a modified interlayer coupling of the Ta 𝑑𝑧2 electrons. Further hints of a strain-induced structural modification of the interlayer order are obtained from x-ray diffraction. Our combined approach provides critical input for understanding the complex phase diagram of this platform material for correlated physics.

Topic: 2D Materials and Applications
Subfield: Materials Chemistry
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Chronicle of Nature - Phenology of Amphibia of Sikhote-Alin State Nature Biosphere Reserve Named After K. G. Abramov

Amphibia Phenology dataset compiled in the context of Chronicle of Nature program in Sikhote-Alin State Nature Biosphere Reserve Named After K. G. Abramov (Russian Federation) consisting of 596 records collected during 57 years between 1946 and 2015.

Topic: Soil and Environmental Studies
Subfield: Soil Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
LHD 106RVUV #121033.1

Extreme ultraviolet (EUV) and vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) spectroscopy diagnostics are applied to measure wavelength spectra including line emissions released from Ne ions ranging from low to high charge states simultaneously in a single discharge of the Ne-seeded divertor heat load reduction experiments in LHD.

Topic: Cardiovascular Function and Risk Factors
Subfield: Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Analysing security risks in computer and Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) networks using attack and protection trees

The commercial use of the internet has grown to a point where much of the world's economy is reliant on its ability to securely provide connectivity for most businesses and government agencies. Additionally the use of Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technologies has permeated many aspects of our daily lives where accountability and access are involved. In recent years, attack trees have been developed to describe processes by which malicious users attempt to exploit or break computer software AND/OR networks. Attack trees are a way of decomposing, visualising, and determining the cost or likeliness of attacks. Attack trees by themselves do not offer enough analysis capability to determine which protections to implement and where to place them in the system to mitigate the vulnerabilities found. We propose the use of protection trees to offer a detailed risk analysis in the protection of a system. To illustrate their use, attack and protection trees are developed and analysed.

Topic: Information and Cyber Security
Subfield: Information Systems
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Insulin secretion and its determinants in the progression of impaired glucose tolerance to type 2 diabetes in impaired glucose-tolerant individuals: the Finnish Diabetes Prevention Study.

Our results indicate that the reduction in the risk of developing type 2 diabetes after lifestyle intervention is related to the improvement of IS along with weight loss. Improved IS may also have beneficial effects on preservation of β-cell function.

Topic: Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
Subfield: Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Gender Patterns and Value of Unpaid Care Work: Findings From<scp>C</scp>hina's First Large‐Scale Time Use Survey

Using data from the 2008 C hina Time Use Survey, this paper examines the gender patterns of time allocation over paid work, unpaid care work, and non‐work activity and estimates the monetary value of unpaid care work. A seemingly unrelated regression ( SUR ) technique is applied to explore the tradeoff between the three types of activity. The estimates show that, holding constant individual characteristics and regional effects, the total work time of women is higher than that of men by 7 hours per week in the rural sector and by 10.5 hours per week in the urban sector. The monetary value of unpaid care work is estimated by five methods. Depending on the method used, the value assigned to unpaid care work varies from 25 to 32 percent of C hina's GDP , from 52 to 66 percent of final consumption, and from 63 to 80 percent of the gross products of tertiary industry.

Topic: Gender, Labor, and Family Dynamics
Subfield: Gender Studies
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
The Czech Provincial Reconstruction Team in Afghanistan: Context, Experiences and Politics

This article is an empirical‐theoretical mapping of the Czech participation in the peacebuilding reconstruction of Afghanistan in the form of the Czech Provincial Reconstruction Team (PRT). As will become clear, an important part of such a study is a focus on the analysis of the influence of the security context and external factors on the participation and form of the Czech PRT. The study is divided into two basic parts. The first part gives the reader a necessary and sensible grounding. Specifically, it presents a contextual frame for the participation of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) in Afghanistan. What then follows is an analysis of the domestic political debate in the Czech Republic. One of the findings is that any proper domestic political debate was absent, instead there was a polarization of the relationship between the government of the Czech Republic and the parliamentary opposition on the issue of the Czech PRT Logar. The article concludes with a question concerning the motives of the Czech government for sending the Czech PRT into Afghanistan.

Topic: Politics and Conflicts in Afghanistan, Pakistan, and Middle East
Subfield: Political Science and International Relations
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Analytically one-dimensional planes and the Combinatorial Loewner Property

It is a major problem in analysis on metric spaces to understand when a metric space is quasisymmetric to a space with strong analytic structure, a so-called Loewner space. A conjecture of Kleiner, recently disproven by Anttila and the second author, proposes a combinatorial sufficient condition. The counterexamples constructed are all topologically one dimensional, and the sufficiency of Kleiner's condition remains open for most other examples. A separate question of Kleiner and Schioppa, apparently unrelated to the problem above, asks about the existence of "analytically $1$-dimensional planes": metric measure spaces quasisymmetric to the Euclidean plane but supporting a $1$-dimensional analytic structure in the sense of Cheeger. In this paper, we construct an example for which the conclusion of Kleiner's conjecture is not known to hold. We show that either this conclusion fails in our example or there exists an "analytically $1$-dimensional plane". Thus, our construction either yields a new counterexample to Kleiner's conjecture, different in kind from those of Anttila and the second author, or a resolution to the problem of Kleiner--Schioppa.

Topic: graph theory and CDMA systems
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Stability of a linear thermoelastic Bresse system with second sound under new conditions on the coefficients

Abstract In this paper, we discuss the stability of a linear one‐dimensional thermoelastic Bresse system, where the coupling is given through the first component of the Bresse model with the heat conduction of second sound type. We state the well‐posedness and show the polynomial stability of the system, where the decay rate depends on the smoothness of initial data. Moreover, we prove the non exponential and the exponential decay depending on new conditions on the parameters of the system. The proof is based on a combination of the energy method and the frequency domain approach.

Topic: Stability and Controllability of Differential Equations
Subfield: Control and Systems Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
On the permittivity of a suspension of charged spherical particles in an electrolyte

A simple model is presented that allows one to solve a problem originally considered by Schwarz (1962). It is assumed that a particle is surrounded by a thin layer of counter ions, which neutralise it, and by a diffused non-neutral cloud of ions. The counter-ion layer is not considered to be insulated, unlike in the Schwarz model, and both normal and tangential conduction and diffusion currents are taken into account. The main difference with recent works on this subject by Fixman (1983) and by Chew (1984) is that instead of dealing with a complex situation that has no analytical solution, the authors deal with a simple model that can be solved exactly. This makes it easy to understand the behaviour of the system. The results obtained to zeroth order in the quotient between the counter-ion layer thickness and the particle radius show that the giant static permittivity value has its origin in the non-neutrality of the diffusion cloud.

Topic: Electrostatics and Colloid Interactions
Subfield: Physical and Theoretical Chemistry
Field: Chemistry
Domain: Physical Sciences
Many-Body Interactions in Ice

Many-body effects in ice are investigated through a systematic analysis of the lattice energies of several proton ordered and disordered phases, which are calculated with different flexible water models, ranging from pairwise additive (q-TIP4P/F) to polarizable (TTM3-F and AMOEBA) and explicit many-body (MB-pol) potential energy functions. Comparisons with available experimental and diffusion Monte Carlo data emphasize the importance of an accurate description of the individual terms of the many-body expansion of the interaction energy between water molecules for the correct prediction of the energy ordering of the ice phases. Further analysis of the MB-pol results, in terms of fundamental energy contributions, demonstrates that the differences in lattice energies between different ice phases are sensitively dependent on the subtle balance between short-range two-body and three-body interactions, many-body induction, and dispersion energy. By correctly reproducing many-body effects at both short range and long range, it is found that MB-pol accurately predicts the energetics of different ice phases, which provides further support for the accuracy of MB-pol in representing the properties of water from the gas to the condensed phase.

Topic: nanoparticles nucleation surface interactions
Subfield: Atmospheric Science
Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences
Domain: Physical Sciences