jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Dataset Evaluation Method and Application for Performance Testing of SSVEP-BCI Decoding Algorithm

Steady-state visual evoked potential (SSVEP)-based brain–computer interface (BCI) systems have been extensively researched over the past two decades, and multiple sets of standard datasets have been published and widely used. However, there are differences in sample distribution and collection equipment across different datasets, and there is a lack of a unified evaluation method. Most new SSVEP decoding algorithms are tested based on self-collected data or offline performance verification using one or two previous datasets, which can lead to performance differences when used in actual application scenarios. To address these issues, this paper proposed a SSVEP dataset evaluation method and analyzed six datasets with frequency and phase modulation paradigms to form an SSVEP algorithm evaluation dataset system. Finally, based on the above datasets, performance tests were carried out on the four existing SSVEP decoding algorithms. The findings reveal that the performance of the same algorithm varies significantly when tested on diverse datasets. Substantial performance variations were observed among subjects, ranging from the best-performing to the worst-performing. The above results demonstrate that the SSVEP dataset evaluation method can integrate six datasets to form a SSVEP algorithm performance testing dataset system. This system can test and verify the SSVEP decoding algorithm from different perspectives such as different subjects, different environments, and different equipment, which is helpful for the research of new SSVEP decoding algorithms and has significant reference value for other BCI application fields.

Topic: EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces
Subfield: Cognitive Neuroscience
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences
Effect of Zinc Supplementation With or Without Phytase on Performance, Mineral Accumulation in Tissues and Immune Response of Broiler

The present study was undertaken to assess the effect of supplementation of Zn with or without phytase on the performance, accumulation of mineral in tissues and immune response of broiler chickens. Two hundred Vencobb 400 unsexed day-old broilers were randomly divided into 4 groups with 5 replicates each. The starter (1–10 d), grower (11–22 d), finisher (23–35 d) diet was formulated to meet or exceed the recommendations of standard commercial broiler chicken except Zn which was not added in diet. The four experimental treatments resulted from a 2x2 factorial arrangements, where factors include Zn (0, 15 mg/kg form zinc sulphate) and phytase (0, 500 U/kg). BW at day 21 and 35 were significantly (P≤0.01) higher in zinc supplemented groups, however feed intake and FCR were unaffected. Phytase supplementation did not alter the BW, feed intake and FCR. Deposition of Zn in bone and liver was significantly (P≤0.05) higher in Zn and phytase supplemented birds. Tibia ash, Zn content of muscle and Cu and Mn content of bone, liver and muscle were unaffected by Zn or phytase addition. Antibody titre against Newcastle Disease virus vaccine was significantly (P<0.01) higher in Zn supplemented group, however was unaltered due to phytase supplementation. Results indicated that Zn supplementation to a maize-soyabean based diet improved BW, mineral deposition in tissue and immune response. However there is no additional benefit from the use of phytase.

Topic: Animal Nutrition and Physiology
Subfield: Animal Science and Zoology
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
The impact of the Russo-Ukraine conflicts on price discovery on the financial markets

This paper investigates the response of financial markets to two significant events within the Russo-Ukraine conflicts: the November 2013 Euromaidan protest and the February 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine. Employing diverse methods, including event studies, price discovery models, and time-varying parameter regression, we analyse abnormal returns, price discovery, time-varying herding behaviour, and market dynamics across various financial instruments, such as stock indices, currencies, and commodities. Overall, the Russian invasion of Ukraine had a more pronounced impact on financial markets compared to the Euromaidan protest. Moreover, during both events, the US dollar and yen consistently functioned as safe-haven assets. The findings also reveal variations in the responses of different assets to the conflicts, indicating potential effects on market efficiency, investor perceptions, and expectations.

Topic: Market Dynamics and Volatility
Subfield: Economics and Econometrics
Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance
Domain: Social Sciences
Bypass of the Major Alkylative DNA Lesion by Human DNA Polymerase η

A wide range of endogenous and exogenous alkylating agents attack DNA to generate various alkylation adducts. N7-methyl-2-deoxyguanosine (Fm7dG) is the most abundant alkylative DNA lesion. If not repaired, Fm7dG can undergo spontaneous depurination, imidazole ring-opening, or bypass by translesion synthesis DNA polymerases. Human DNA polymerase η (polη) efficiently catalyzes across Fm7dG in vitro, but its structural basis is unknown. Herein, we report a crystal structure of polη in complex with templating Fm7dG and an incoming nonhydrolyzable dCTP analog, where a 2′-fluorine-mediated transition destabilization approach was used to prevent the spontaneous depurination of Fm7dG. The structure showed that polη readily accommodated the Fm7dG:dCTP base pair with little conformational change of protein and DNA. In the catalytic site, Fm7dG and dCTP formed three hydrogen bonds with a Watson–Crick geometry, indicating that the major keto tautomer of Fm7dG is involved in base pairing. The polη-Fm7dG:dCTP structure was essentially identical to the corresponding undamaged structure, which explained the efficient bypass of the major methylated lesion. Overall, the first structure of translesion synthesis DNA polymerase bypassing Fm7dG suggests that in the catalytic site of Y-family DNA polymerases, small N7-alkylguanine adducts may be well tolerated and form the canonical Watson–Crick base pair with dCTP through their keto tautomers.

Topic: DNA Repair Mechanisms
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
FACTORS THAT AFFECT PRE-SERVICE ENGLISH TEACHERS' PSYCHOLOGICAL READINESS FOR TEACHING LEARNERS WITH DISABILITY

The aim of the research is to investigate into the factors that promote the formation of would-be English-as-a-foreign-language (EFL) teachers' psychological readiness for teaching learners with disability in Ukraine.According to the results of the literature analysis conducted, teachers' attitude to their work in general depends on such factors as: prompt salary, unbiased appraisals, positive behavior of students, presence of staff rooms, friendly environment, availability of learning resources, small class size, less distance from the school, selecting upper class as target market and teachers' autonomy in choosing methods and forms of work.As for teaching learners with disability, a number of educationalists report that teachers' attitude depends on the severity and type of disability, as well as previous customized psychological and pedagogical training.The research conducted in 2018-2021 in Zhytomyr Ivan Franko State University and engaging 96 Master's degree program students makes it possible to ascertain that would-be EFL teachers' psychological readiness for teaching learners with disability in inclusive setting immediately depends on the prior customized training aimed at preparing students for problem solving in inclusive classroom.The difference in average pre-and post-experimental indices in groups 1 and 2 is 24,4% and 24% respectively, which proves the reliability of obtained results.In the same time this index in group 3 is 29,2% which can be explained by the fact of using the virtual Edmodo classroom interactively: the only variable that distinguished instruction in group 3 from groups 1 and 2 was the application of electronic session tests, case-studies as home assignments after sessions 9-16 and 4 WebQuests suggested to students as alternatives for the case studies.Thus, the systematic application of the mentioned web-technologies in the virtual classroom can be considered an additional factor that promotes the development of would-be EFL teachers' psychological readiness for teaching learners with disability.This conclusion is especially important for distant teacher training practiced by higher educational institutions as new educational reality due to COVID-19 pandemic.

Topic: Disability Education and Employment
Subfield: Safety Research
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Does Maternal Body Mass Index or Weight Gain Affect External Cephalic Version Success? [19H]

INTRODUCTION: External cephalic version (ECV) has been demonstrated to reduce the number of cesarean deliveries for fetal malpresentation. Numerous factors have been identified that affect the success rate; however, the effect of maternal weight parameters (body mass index [BMI] and weight gain) remains unclear. The purpose of this retrospective study is to evaluate the impact of maternal weight parameters on ECV success. METHODS: This is a retrospective cohort study including all women who underwent an attempted ECV at our academic, tertiary care institution from January 1, 2010 through December 31, 2014. Data were manually abstracted from the electronic medical record and included baseline maternal characteristics and ECV success. BMI was categorized as normal (less than 25), overweight (25–29), or obese (greater than 30). RESULTS: During the study period, 135 women underwent a total of 137 procedures (2 women had ECV attempts in 2 different pregnancies). One patient was excluded from analysis as data for pre-pregnancy BMI was unavailable. ECV was successful in 71 cases (52%). Pre-pregnancy BMI and BMI at the time of ECV showed a non-significant trend toward higher success rates with lower BMI (P=.87, 0.32, respectively). Additionally, mean maternal weight gain was not significantly different among successful and unsuccessful ECV (P=.56). CONCLUSION: Maternal BMI or weight gain do not appear to significantly impact ECV success. These results can be used when counseling women about the chance of successful ECV, and weight parameters should not be considered a contraindication to the procedure.

Topic: Maternal and Perinatal Health Interventions
Subfield: Obstetrics and Gynecology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Artificial antigen-presenting cells expressing AFP158-166 peptide and interleukin-15 activate AFP-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes

Professional antigen-presenting cells (APCs) are potent generators of tumor antigen-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) for adoptive immunotherapy; however, generation of APCs is cumbersome, expensive, and subject to the tumor microenvironment. Artificial APCs (aAPCs) have been developed as a cost-effective alternative to APCs. We developed a cellular aAPC that efficiently generated alpha-fetoprotein (AFP)-specific CTLs. We genetically modified the human B cell lymphoma cell line BJAB with a lentiviral vector to establish an aAPC called BA15. The expression of AFP(158-166)-HLA-A*02:01 complex, CD80, CD86, and interleukin (IL)-15 in BA15 cells was assessed. The efficiency of BA15 at generating AFP-specific CTLs and the specific cytotoxicity of CTLs against AFP+ cells were also determined. BA15 cells expressed high levels of AFP(158-166) peptide, HLA-A2, CD80, CD86, and IL-15. BA15 cells also exhibited higher efficiency in generating AFP-specific CTLs than did dendritic cells. These CTLs had greater cytotoxicity against AFP+ hepatocellular carcinoma cells than did CTLs obtained from dendritic cells in vitro and in vivo. Our novel aAPC system could provide a robust platform for the generation of functional AFP-specific CTLs for adoptive immunotherapy of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Topic: CAR-T cell therapy research
Subfield: Oncology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Calibration of the Checkpoint Model to the Space and Missile Systems Center (SMC) Software Database (SWDB).

Abstract : This study analyzed the effect of calibration on the performance of the CHECKPOINT Version 2.3.1 software cost estimating model. Data used for input into the model were drawn from the FY 95 USAF SMC Software Database (SWDB) Version 2.1. A comparison was made between the model's accuracy before and after calibration. This was done using records which were not used in calibration, referred to as validation points. A comparison of calibration points, both before and after, was done in order to assess whether calibration results in more consistency within the data set used. Six measures such as magnitude of relative error (MRE), mean magnitude of relative error (MMRE), root mean square error (RMS), relative root mean square error (RRMS), the prediction at level k/n, and the Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test were used to describe accuracy. The results of this effort showed that calibration of the CHECKPOINT model can improve cost estimation accuracy for development effort by as much as 96.71%.

Topic: Technology Assessment and Management
Subfield: Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Unexpected effects of local management and landscape composition on predatory mites and their food resources in vineyards

This research was funded by the project SECBIVIT. Dataset of the results in the Articel: Unexpected effects of local management and landscape composition on predatory mites and their food resources in vineyards. For further information also see: Sampled grape varieties: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4562219 https://www.secbivit.boku.ac.at/

Topic: Insect-Plant Interactions and Control
Subfield: Insect Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Differentiating feline inflammatory bowel disease from alimentary lymphoma in duodenal endoscopic biopsies

OBJECTIVES This study aimed to evaluate the agreement between microscopic and molecular testing for differentiating feline intestinal bowel disease and small cell alimentary lymphoma in duodenal endoscopic biopsies. METHODS Four different diagnostic methods (cytology, histology, immunohistochemistry and clonality) were sequentially applied to 77 cases of feline chronic enteropathies. The agreement between the different diagnostic methods was calculated and survival data were obtained to assess the most reliable method for predicting outcome. RESULTS Seventy‐seven cases were included in the study. On multivariate survival analysis, only the clonality‐based diagnosis of lymphoma was significantly associated with poor survival, with a risk of enteropathy‐related death 2·8 times higher. By comparing the other tests with clonality, specificity was high (87 to 97%), whereas sensitivity was 36·8% for cytology, 39·5% for histology, 63·2% for immunohistochemistry, resulting in an overall accuracy of 62·3, 68·8 and 80·5%, respectively. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Clonality analysis can consistently increase the possibility of correctly and early diagnosing small cell lymphoma on endoscopic biopsies. Histological suspicion of alimentary lymphoma, even if not confirmed by clonality, should never be ignored, as it may represent a debutant form of lymphoma or it may later progress to lymphoma.

Topic: Veterinary Oncology Research
Subfield: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Resmetirom-eligible population among US adults: An estimation analysis based on NHANES 2017–March 2020

Background: Resmetirom received FDA approval for treating adults with noncirrhotic metabolic dysfunction–associated steatohepatitis (MASH) and moderate-to-advanced liver fibrosis (stages F2–F3). Here, we sought to estimate the eligible U.S. adult population for resmetirom therapy, with secondary analysis focusing on individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods: A cross-sectional analysis was conducted using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2017–March 2020 cycle. Two eligibility scenarios were examined: a liberal scenario requiring ALT &gt;17 U/L for women or &gt;20 U/L for men, controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) &gt;280 dB/m, and liver stiffness measurement (LSM) &gt;8 kPa; and a restrictive scenario requiring ALT &gt;30 U/L for both sexes, CAP &gt;280 dB/m, and LSM &gt;10 kPa. The analysis incorporated sampling weights to generate nationally representative estimates. Results: The study cohort included 7244 adults (mean age 49.08 y, 49.9% male) with a mean BMI of 29.61 kg/m², mean CAP 263.35 dB/m, and mean LSM 5.8 kPa. An estimated 8.3 million (95% CI: 6.6–9.9 million) adults met the liberal eligibility criteria, while 2.3 million (95% CI: 1.4–3.2 million) met the restrictive criteria. Patients meeting restrictive criteria were predominantly male (76.2% vs. 59.9%) and younger (mean age 46.7 vs. 48.3 y), with similar BMI (38.6 vs. 38.1 kg/m²). Among adults with T2DM, 3.5 million (95% CI: 2.4–4.5 million; 12.2%) met liberal, whereas 0.85 million (95% CI: 0.5–1.2 million; 3.0%) restrictive criteria. Conclusions: A substantial proportion of U.S. adults meet eligibility criteria for resmetirom treatment, with estimates varying significantly based on the stringency of selection criteria.

Topic: Electrolyte and hormonal disorders
Subfield: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Hybrid quantum computing : on the role of classical computing in scaling up quantum computing

In this thesis, we aim to answer one research question: What is the algorithmic role of classical computing in scaling up quantum computing applicability? Quantum computers have promising potential in offering more efficient solutions to some of the most demanding computational problems in the industry. There has been phenomenal progress in the theory and realization of quantum computers in the last few decades. However, quantum computing is a nascent field of technology and scaling up its computing capacity remains impeded by many open engineering/scientific challenges. One emerging solution to alleviate some of the present limitations is finding clever use of classical pre- and post-processing techniques in tandem with quantum algorithms. This helps to advantageously use scarce quantum computing resources for only a portion of a problem that benefits the most from a quantum computer. In other words, it leads to a hybrid framework in which quantum computers are considered special-purpose co-processors for accelerating specific computational tasks. We aim to develop a hybrid theoretical framework for the role of classical algorithms in scaling up quantum computing. We investigate this by focusing on three distinct limitations. We review each limitation in the context of a different application and propose an original hybrid classical-quantum solution to it. First, we focus on classical algorithms' role in a more resource-efficient compilation and embedding of quantum programs. We propose a classical algorithm that helps to embed larger optimization problems in a quantum annealer. Then we explore how a problem decomposition technique and preprocessing of the input problem can help solve significantly larger optimization problems on a quantum computer. Finally, we propose a completely hybrid quantum algorithm for preparing ground states of quantum Hamiltonians. We achieve orders of magnitude faster convergence by combining classical optimization with variational quantum state preparation.

Topic: Quantum Computing Algorithms and Architecture
Subfield: Artificial Intelligence
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Display Condensation of Program Text

In interactive systems that must display the text of programs, the size of the program is usually much larger than the capacity of the screen. While the obvious strategy is to simply choose k contiguous lines for display in a k-line window, in some cases it is useful to be able to represent m lines in a k-line window, where m > k, by "condensing" portions of the text. This paper is concerned with alternative strategies for controlling such condensation.

Topic: Multimedia Communication and Technology
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
A hypothesis on the development of acute myocardial infarction in Greenlanders

Non-emigrated Greenlanders have a low incidence of acute myocardial infarction (AMI), when compared with age- and sex adjusted death rates for ischemic heart disease in western countries. We find that Greenlanders have plasma lipid levels corresponding to favourable risk factor levels for AMI. This can be attributed to their diet, rich in n-3 polyunsaturated fat. This diet further supplies eicosapentaenoic acid which influence platelet vessel wall function in an antithrombotic direction. A high level of plasma-antithrombin-III, raising the anticoagulant activity of the blood, in combination with a genetically high activation threshold for the complement system may further contribute to the resistancy against thrombo-embolic disorders. Bleeding tendency, and susceptibility to infection disorders may be the possible draw-backs. Our data are framed into a hypothesis combining the indications of genetic predispositions and the evidence of exogenous protective factors, inflicting a coherent enhancement of nonsusceptibility to vascular ischemic catastrophies.

Topic: Alcohol Consumption and Health Effects
Subfield: Pathology and Forensic Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Aspects of the washout of salmonid eggs. 1. Observations on the physical characteristics of real and artificial eggs, their rate of fall in a water column and their pattern of settlement in an experimental channel

When salmonid redds are disrupted by spates, the displaced eggs will drift downstream. The mean distance of travel, the types of locations in which the eggs resettle and the depth of reburial of displaced eggs are not known. Investigation of these topics under field conditions presents considerable practical problems, though the use of artificial eggs might help to overcome some of them. Attempts to assess the similarities and/or differences in performance between real and artificial eggs are essential before artificial eggs can validly be used to simulate real eggs. The present report first compares the two types of egg in terms of their measurable physical characteristics (e.g. dimensions and density). The rate at which eggs fall in still water will relate to the rate at which they are likely to resettle in flowing water in the field. As the rate of fall will be influenced by a number of additional factors (e.g. shape and surface texture) which are not easily measured directly, the rates of fall of the two types of egg have been compared directly under controlled conditions. Finally, comparisons of the pattern of settlement of the two types of egg in flowing water in an experimental channel have been made. Although the work was primarily aimed at testing the value of artificial eggs as a simulation of real eggs, several side issues more directly concerned with the properties of real eggs and the likely distance of drift in natural streams have also been explored. This is the first of three reports made on this topic by the author in 1984.

Topic: Hermeneutics and Narrative Identity
Subfield: Philosophy
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences