jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Seismic microzonation and soil-structure resonance analysis in Suryabinayak Municipality, Bhaktapur, Nepal: insights from ambient vibration measurements

Bhaktapur, lying in the Kathmandu Basin, suffered damages during the 2015 Gorkha Earthquake, potentially exacerbated by local site effects. This research addresses the lack of site response study on Suryabinayak Municipality, located in the southern part of Bhaktapur district. Horizontal to Vertical Spectral Ratio (HVSR) and Floor Spectral Ratio (FSR) methods were employed to determine the fundamental frequencies of soil deposits at 241 free field stations and 20 Reinforced Concrete (RC) isolated buildings respectively. The fundamental frequency of soil deposits varies from 0.27 Hz to 10.00 Hz. Higher frequencies were noted near the basin edges, attributed to shallow sediment deposits, whereas a lower frequencies prevailed towards the basin centre due to an increase in sediment thickness. Out of 20 buildings studied, 7 are highly susceptible to soil-structure resonance as the frequency disparity between building and free-field is less than 15%. This research not only quantified the frequency distribution and soil-structure resonance likelihood but also established a correlation between building height and its fundamental frequency. A significant correlation is observed with a coefficient of determination (R2) value of 60.64% and 83.36% in the longitudinal and transverse directions respectively. The study’s results can be endorsed to mitigate seismic hazards, build seismic-resilient structures, and maintain historical monuments.

Topic: Seismic Waves and Analysis
Subfield: Geophysics
Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences
Domain: Physical Sciences
SH0823540.10FU

UNITE provides a unified way for delimiting, identifying, communicating, and working with DNA-based Species Hypotheses (SH). All fungal ITS sequences in the international nucleotide sequence databases are clustered to approximately the species level by applying a set of dynamic distance values (<0.5 - 3.0%). All species hypotheses are given a unique, stable name in the form of a DOI, and their taxonomic and ecological annotations are verified through distributed, web-based third-party annotation efforts. SHs are connected to a taxon name and its classification as far as possible (phylum, class, order, etc.) by taking into account identifications for all sequences in the SH. An automatically or manually designated sequence is chosen to represent each such SH. These sequences are released (https://unite.ut.ee/repository.php) for use by the scientific community in, for example, local sequence similarity searches and next-generation sequencing analysis pipelines. The system and the data are updated automatically as the number of public fungal ITS sequences grows.

Topic: Peanut Plant Research Studies
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Biological characters of 13 introduced pear varieties in Zunyi region.

The growth vigor,shoot,leaf and flower characteristics,fruit economic character,phenophase response and fruit-bearing habit of 13 introduced pear varieties were investigated in Zunyi region from 2007 to 2009.The results showed that Lijing 47 was the best variety,Gold pear,Zaoxiangmi and Xiziqiu were the better varieties and Xin 2,Xin8,Lubaoshi and Zajiao 37 were good in comprehensive evaluation of biological character among 13 introduced varieties.

Topic: Plant Physiology and Cultivation Studies
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Challenges to Evaluating Physical Activity Programs in American Indian/Alaska Native Communities

Despite the importance of evaluation to successful programming, a lack of physical activity program (PAP) evaluation for American Indian/Alaska Native (AI/AN) programs exists, which is significant given the high rates of obesity and diabetes in this population. While evaluation barriers have been identified broadly among AI/AN programs, challenges specific to physical activity (PA) programming are unexplored. To address this gap, a research study was conducted involving 17 in-depth interviews with evaluation staff of externally funded AI/AN PAPs. A thematic analysis revealed factors hindering meaningful program evaluation: cultural characteristics that challenge traditional evaluation, the logistics of PA programming, measurement and data collection challenges, lack of resources and support, and lack of alignment between funding agency requirements and the evaluation desired by AI/AN organizations. Some challenges are general to PAPs and others specific to AI/AN organizations. Findings identify ways to improve culturally responsive evaluation for AI/AN PAPs.

Topic: Community Health and Development
Subfield: General Health Professions
Field: Health Professions
Domain: Health Sciences
Use of the ISNT rule for optic disc evaluation in 40 to 79 year old patients seen in optometric practice

The purpose this study was to investigate the association between intraocular pressure (IOP) and the outcome of ISNT rule assessment of the optic disc in healthy patients seen in mainstream optometric practice. Consecutive patients over the age of 40 years and with no known general- or ocular pathology were enrolled from 4 optometric practices in Norway and Sweden during a period of 9 months. The sample was stratified by age group (40-49, 50-59, 60-69 and 70-79 years) and ISNT rule outcome (obeyed or broken). Subjects underwent a full optometric examination including stereoscopic assessment of the optic disc with the use of the ISNT rule, followed by measurements of intraocular pressure (IOP), central corneal thickness (CCT) and vertical size of the optic disc. Odds ratio (OR) was used to assess the association between IOP and the outcome measure. Stratified and multivariable analyses were employed to investigate the effect of age, gender, CCT, refractive error and disc size on the association. IOP was dichotomized at a cut-off corresponding to the 75th percentile (18 mmHg), whereas numeric covariables were categorized at cut-offs corresponding to the 33rd (ONH 1.6 mm, CCT 545 μm) and 66th percentile (ONH 1.8 mm, CCT 571 μm), respectively. A total of 177 patients (F: 57%, age range 40-79 years) were included. IOP was significantly higher in patients with broken ISNT rule (16.6 vs. 15.5 mmHg, p = 0.046), corresponding to a crude OR of 2.0 (CI 0.95-4.24). In stratified and multivariable analyses the association between IOP and outcome of the ISNT rule was strengthened in males (OR 4.8) and in subjects with small discs (OR 2.2), however only the effect modification by gender reached significance. Further research is necessary to understand the possible implications of these findings on the assessment of optic discs with the use of the ISNT rule.

Topic: Glaucoma and retinal disorders
Subfield: Ophthalmology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
A 35 GHz monolithic MESFET LNA

The design and fabrication of a state-of-the-art 35-GHz monolithic low-noise amplifier (LNA) is briefly described. The amplifier, with 6.5-dB gain, 4-dB noise figure, and 10-dBm power output at 1-dB gain compression, is based on a 0.25- mu m*200- mu m molecular-beam epitaxy (MBE)-grown MESFET. Device, circuit design, fabrication details, and test results are presented.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>

Topic: Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit Design
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Supplementing Inorganic with Organic Nitrogen Sources Augments Microbial Dynamics favoring Yield in Rice Ecosystem

<title>Abstract</title> Microorganisms play crucial role in the ecosystem building. Their presence or absence in a particular environment are indicative of the web of interactions they undergo to impact the life of other components of the system. The current experiment was undertaken in rice-rice cropping sequence to understand the changes in composition of microorganism as a result of interaction of herbicide and different nutrient sources added to soil under lowland area. The experiment was divided into two simultaneous studies, i.e. field experiment and metagenomic study, to obtain the rice yield and soil microbial dynamics, respectively. Pooled soil samples were collected from rice field with constant herbicide application, i.e. Pyraszosulfuron (pre-emergent) @25g/ha + 2, 4-D (post-emergent @0.5 kg/ha), but with 5 different sources of nutrients, viz, T<sub>0</sub>- absolute control, T<sub>1</sub>- 100% N-P<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>-K<sub>2</sub>O through inorganic fertilizers (recommended dose of 40-20-20 kg/ha)), T<sub>2</sub>- 75% N through inorganic + 25% N through FYM (P<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> &amp; K<sub>2</sub>O recommended doses), T<sub>3</sub>- 75% N through inorganic + 25% N through vermicompost (P<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> &amp; K<sub>2</sub>O recommended doses) and T<sub>4</sub>- 75% N through inorganic + 25% N through crop residues and bio-fertilizer (P<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> &amp; K<sub>2</sub>O recommended doses). Based on the amplicon DNA sequencing approach, it was observed that though there was overall increase in bacterial phyla, viz., Chloroflexi, Actinomycetes, Euryarchaeota, Firmicutes in all the treatments from 0 days after transplanting (DAT) to physiological maturity of plant, where, soil treated with vermicompost (TH<sub>3</sub>) showed a dramatic increase in the population of Firmicutes. Amongst fungal populations, Actinomycetes increased in all the soils from 0 DAS to physiological maturity, the increase was lowest in soil treated with vermicompost while it was highest in soil having crop residues (T<sub>4</sub>). The results were concomitant to the biological yield of rice that was observed highest in the soil treated with vermicompost along with inorganic fertilizers. The results could be attributed to the favourable niche provided by vermicompost that resulted in synthesis and release of plant hormones, metabolites and antibiotics by the bacterial population leading to dominance of the bacteria as compared to the other treatments.

Topic: Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics
Subfield: Soil Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Light Load Efficient Silicon Power Converters Based on Wide Bandgap Circuit Extensions

A power electronics converter is generally designed for a specific load condition. However, depending on the applications and its mission profiles, the operating load conditions can be distinctly lower than the specified ones (PV cell under shading conditions, etc.). During this light load condition, the efficiency diminishes considerably, especially if Si–IGBT devices are considered within the power circuit. This study explains a light-load circuit extension based on wide-bandgap (WBG, silicon carbide and gallium nitride) material, which can improve the light-load efficiency and transient response of the conventional IGBT-based active rectifiers and inverter. Such an additional circuit extension is, in general, associated with additional cost. Numerous factors, such as the power electronics application itself, mission profiles, converter power rating and sizing of passive components, etc., can shift the break-even point of the upgraded power electronics system in terms of time. Therefore, a profound investigation of the relevant areas of interest is required in advance to ensure the most efficient amortization of the additional incurred costs of the applied circuitry. A 125 kW 3-phase six-switch inverter is discussed to highlight relevant effects in light-load operation that must be considered for final product design.

Topic: Silicon Carbide Semiconductor Technologies
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
What’s the Appeal? Perceptions of Review Processes for Algorithmic Decisions

If you were significantly impacted by an algorithmic decision, how would you want the decision to be reviewed? In this study, we explore perceptions of review processes for algorithmic decisions that differ across three dimensions: the reviewer, how the review is conducted, and how long the review takes. Using a choice-based conjoint analysis we find that people prefer review processes that provide for human review, the ability to participate in the review process, and a timely outcome. Using a survey, we find that people also see human review that provides for participation to be the fairest review process. Our qualitative analysis indicates that the fairest review process provides the greatest likelihood of a favourable outcome, an opportunity for the decision subject and their situation to be fully and accurately understood, human involvement, and dignity. These findings have implications for the design of contestation procedures and also the design of algorithmic decision-making processes.

Topic: Ethics and Social Impacts of AI
Subfield: Safety Research
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Abnormal Pulmonary Sounds Classification Algorithm using Convolutional Networks

In the world and in Peru, Acute Respiratory Infections are the main cause of death, especially in the most vulnerable population, children under 5 years of age and older adults. Pneumonia is the leading cause of death of children in the world. 60.2% of pneumonia cases affect children under 5 years of age. Thus, prevention and timely treatment of lung diseases are crucial to reduce infant mortality in Peru. Among the main problems associated with this high is percentage the lack of medical professionals and resources, especially in remote areas, such as Puno, Huancavelica and Arequipa, which experience temperatures as low as -20°C during the cold season. This study develops an algorithm based on computational neural networks to differentiate between normal and abnormal lung sounds. The initial base of 917 sounds was used, through a process of data augmentation, this base was increased to 8253 sounds in total, and this process was carried out due to the need of a large number of data for the use of computational neural networks. From each signal, features were extracted using three methods: MFCC, Melspectogram and STFT. Three models were generated, the first one to classify normal and abnormal, which obtained a training Accuracy of 1 and a testing accuracy of 0.998. The second one classifies normal sound, pneumonia and other abnormalities and obtained training Accuracy values of 0.9959 and a testing accuracy of 0.9885. Finally, we classified by specific ailment where we obtained a training Accuracy of 0.9967 and a testing accuracy of 0.9909. This research provides interesting findings about the diagnosis and classification of lung sounds automatically using convolutional neural networks, which is the beginning for the development of a platform to assess the risk of pneumonia in the first moment, thus allowing rapid care and referral that seeks to reduce mortality associated mainly with pneumonia.

Topic: Phonocardiography and Auscultation Techniques
Subfield: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
[Protein expression and function of gene 2 transregulated by hepatitis B virus pre-s1 protein and its cloning].

A prokaryotic expression vector pET32a(+)-PS1TP2 was constructed successfully and the PS1TP2 was successfully expressed in the yeast system. Genes of PS1TP2 interact with leukocyte proteins. These results bring some new clues for studying the biological functions of HBV.

Topic: Hepatitis B Virus Studies
Subfield: Epidemiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
IDENTIFICATION AND MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION OFKOCHO SPOILAGE FUNGI COLLECTED FROM DIFFERENT AREA OFGURAGE ZONE, ETHIOPIA

Enset is a main food crop in Ethiopia, around 20% of the population depend on it. Understanding the fermentation process is critical for optimum enset utilisation because kocho is one of the most important enset products consumed as a key energy source and serves as a staple and co-staple diet for many people. Fermented kocho is frequently stored in pits lined with enset leaves.During the fermentation process, a piece of the kocho can be withdrawn for consumption or sale at any moment. When kocho is withdrawn from the pit for mixing or usage, it is susceptible to contamination from a variety of microorganisms. The rotting microbes of this vital fermented food are little understood. Thus, the objective of this research was to identify kocho spoilage fungi collected from different area of Gurage Zone of Ethiopia. Ten spoilage kocho samples were gathered in this study from various farm and market sites. The samples were packed in sterile Falcon tubes, placed on ice, and transported to Wolkite University's Biotechnology Molecular Laboratory for morphological and biochemical characterization, as well as DNA isolation and PCR amplification of the internal transcribed spacer region of the gene at MRCET's molecular advanced laboratory in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. PCR results were sequenced and each fungal isolate was identified using an automated DNA sequencer from MRC-Holland in Amsterdam. 22 fungus species were identified using morphological tests, biochemical tests, and molecular analysis. Sequence analysis revealed that four of the 22 fungal isolates were identified as different Alternaria strains, three as different penicillium strains, two as goitreucum, one as galactomyce, two as schizophyllum, two as aspergillus, and one as agaricaceae spp. Further research on the detected fungi should be carried out to determine the most damaging and deteriorating strain in order to properly control and manage kocho spoilage fungi.

Topic: Plant Pathogens and Fungal Diseases
Subfield: Cell Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Studies on the ability of monoclonal antibodies to selectively mediate complement-dependent cytotoxicity of human myelogenous leukemia blast cells.

Abstract A panel of monoclonal antibodies that bind to leukemic blast cells from patients with acute myelocytic leukemia and chronic myelocytic leukemia in blast crisis was studied for their ability to mediate complement-dependent lysis of a variety of cell populations from patients with leukemia, normal blood cells, and human leukemia cell lines. Several of these monoclonal antibodies were selectively cytotoxic to myeloid leukemia cells (AML-1-99, AML-1-211, AML-2-30, CML-75, CML-115, and CML-150). Although they were all capable of binding to normal cell populations, none of these hybridomas were cytotoxic to normal cells. Three of these antibodies (AML-1-211. CML-75, and CML-150) were cytotoxic to some leukemia cell samples only after dilution of the hybridoma supernatant, i.e., they showed a prozone. Binding of these three antibodies, as well as another, AML-1-201, as determined in a radioimmunoassay, also showed a prozone. Other monoclonal antibodies are described (AML-2-23 and AML-2-9) that mediate complement-dependent cytotoxicity to myeloid leukemia cells as well as selected normal cell types (monocytes and lymphocytes, respectively). The potential clinical utility of these monoclonal antibodies is considered in the context of recently encountered problems in the use of monoclonal antibodies to mediate leukemia cell lysis in vivo.

Topic: Glycosylation and Glycoproteins Research
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Latest homoeopathic research synopsis during January - March, 2014

An approach in which homeopathic remedies could initiate anti-cancer effects, includes cell-to-cell signalling actions of both exogenous and endogenous nanoparticles that result in a cascade of modulatory biological events with anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic effects.The nanoparticulate research data and Banerji Protocols for homeopathic remedies in cancer suggest a way forward for generating advances in cancer treatment with natural product-derived nanomedicines.

Topic: Complementary and Alternative Medicine Studies
Subfield: Complementary and alternative medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
"Place Your Bets!" On Gambling, Government and Society

This article outlines the major public policy issues in the renaissance of one of the oldest of human activities: gambling. It analyzes four factors which have shifted gambling from its role as a private pastime into the centre of the Canadian public agenda: (i) the public sector's active participation in gambling both as a promoter of lotteries, casinos, and raffles, and as a regulator of those activities; (ii) addiction, crime, and other problems associated with gambling; (iii) gambling's rapid proliferation, which has made it a major factor in many provincial budgets; and (iv) the extent to which public goods, including cultural institutions and amateur sport, are funded through gambling. We examine where Canadian society is heading in terms of its reliance on gambling, present likely trends in gambling revenues and activities, and review the implications of youth gambling. The paper concludes with recommendations for further study and legislative action.

Topic: Gambling Behavior and Treatments
Subfield: Clinical Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
RESEARCH OF THE MAIN COMPONENTS OF INNOVATIVE CAPACITY OF THE INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISE

The available methodological base of research of innovative capacity of the industrial enterprise is developed, methods definitions and measurements of innovative potential are given. It allowed to offer approach to adoption of administrative decisions in the field of a choice of a certain type of innovations depending on the level of innovative capacity of the enterprise.

Topic: Economic Issues in Ukraine
Subfield: General Economics, Econometrics and Finance
Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance
Domain: Social Sciences
Owner-managers and firm performance during the asian and global financial crises: evidence from Korea

We examine the performance of the Korean owner-managers during the 1997−1998 Asian financial crisis and the 2008−2009 global financial crisis to establish whether they overcome the unexpected exterior shocks better than employed managers. We find that the owner-managers record a significantly greater performance during the crises, and especially during the latter period. Moreover, our results suggest that such a tendency comes from the owner-managers’ superior investment decisions. Our paper thus highlights the role of owner-managers by studying their performance during the Korean economic crisis periods. (JEL G01, G32, G34)

Topic: Corporate Finance and Governance
Subfield: Accounting
Field: Business, Management and Accounting
Domain: Social Sciences