jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Degradation of pectin by γ‐radiation under various moisture conditions

Abstract By using D 50 and D 37 doses for 50 and 63% decreases in the solution viscosity of pectin, an evaluation was made of the effectiveness of radiation at different moisture levels. The relation between radiation effectiveness, as measured by the D 50 value, and the pectin: water ratio was expressed in a simplified empirical equation. The indirect effect of radiation in dilute aqueous solutions decreased progressively with increasing pectin concentration. On the other hand, a protective effect was produced by small additions of water to dry pectin and a minimum in degradation (i.e., maximum D 50 and D 37 values) was attained at about the 20% moisture level. The relation between the intrinsic viscosity of dilute aqueous solutions of pectin irradiated air‐dry and the number‐average molecular weight and D 37 values was determined. By using the former relation, the number of chain scissions per unit of absorbed energy was measured at different moisture levels. The importance of moisture control in comparative radiation studies was emphasized. An approximately 26‐fold increase in the radiation sensitivity of pectin was produced by an increase in the moisture content from the 20 to the 99% level. Varying the moisture content therefore provides a good means of altering the sensitivity of pectin and similar materials to radiation damage.

Topic: Microbial Inactivation Methods
Subfield: Biotechnology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
[Comparison of the therapeutic efficacy and tolerability of acemetacin and tolmetin (author's transl)].

In a controlled double blind study the therapeutic efficacy and tolerability of [1-(p-chlorobenzoyl)-5-methoxy-2-methylindol-3-acetoxy] acetic acid (acemetacin, TV 1322, Rantudil¿) and tolmetin were compared in 40 patients suffering from acute and subacute painful irritant conditions in the spinal area and joints. The maximal duration of the study was 20 days. In the case of acemetcin the daily dose was 90 mg and in the case of tolmetin it was 600 mg. The clinical symptoms kinesalgia, pain caused by pressure, and functional impairment were significantly improved by both acemetacin and tolmetin. A comparison of the two therapy groups did not reveal any difference. Also a statistical comparison of the evaluations of the therapeutic efficacy by the physician did not reveal any significant difference, although the assessment "very good" occurred twice as frequently in the acemetacin group (13 out of 20) as in the tolmetin group (6 out of 20). In only one patient treated with tolmetin undesired drug reactions occurred. These resulted in discontinuation of the therapy. No side effects occurred in the acemetacin group. Acemetacin, which in experimental animal investigations not only showed an antiinflammatory but also an analgesic effect, is according to the results of our study also suitable for the therapy of symptoms in which the analgesic efficacy of a drug decisively influences the therapeutic success.

Topic: Plant-based Medicinal Research
Subfield: Pharmacology
Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics
Domain: Life Sciences
Analysis and Optimization Design of DRX Mechanism for Power Saving in LTE

With the rapid development of emerging applications and data transmission rate in LTE (Long Term Evolution) system, terminal power consumption is becoming seriously. In LTE, the discontinuous reception (DRX) mechanism was taken as an important method of saving energy of terminal. Through operations of all sorts of timers, a detailed analysis of the principle of DRX is introduced in this paper. And based on this, adjustable DRX long cycle is proposed. On the basis of the DRX semi-Markov process and ETSI data model, formulas of power saving factor and wake-up delay for adjustable LTE DRX are derived. Then from the comparisons of fixed frame DRX cycle and adjustable DRX cycle in terms of power saving and wake-up delay, we know that this optimizing mechanism has obvious improvement in the reduction of terminal power consumption.

Topic: Green IT and Sustainability
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
For More Information on Transitioning Wealth and Management for Ranch Families and Businesses

For More Information on Transitioning Wealth and Management for Ranch Families and Businesses WebsitesAmerican Bar Association (ABA) web site offers information on fi nding and using an estate-planning attorney and answers most common questions about the estate-planning process.www.abanet.org/rppt/public/home.htmlNational Farm Transition Network provides ideas to help foster the next generation of farmers and ranchers.www.farmtransition.org/Financial Planning Association for importance of estate planning, planning for

Topic: Agricultural Economics and Policy
Subfield: General Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
New‐onset left bundle branch block‐associated idiopathic nonischemic cardiomyopathy and time from diagnosis to cardiac resynchronization therapy: The NEOLITH II study

Abstract Background The optimal timing for cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) after diagnosis of new‐onset left bundle branch block (LBBB)‐associated idiopathic nonischemic cardiomyopathy (NICM) and treatment with guideline‐directed medical therapy (GDMT) is unknown. The purpose of this study was to describe relationships between time from diagnosis to CRT and outcomes in new‐onset LBBB‐associated idiopathic NICM with left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ≤35%. Methods A retrospective cohort study examined associations between time from diagnosis to CRT (≤9 months vs &gt;9 months) and clinical and echocardiographic outcomes. Results In 123 subjects with LBBB‐associated idiopathic NICM, time from diagnosis to CRT was ≤9 months in 60 (49%) subjects and 9 months in 63 (51%) subjects. Clinical outcomes were similar for those implanted ≤9 months versus &gt;9 months for adverse clinical events (hazard ratio [HR], 0.85; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.41–1.78; P = 0.67) and all‐cause mortality (HR, 0.57; 95% CI, 0.19–1.70; P = 0.31). Multivariable analyses demonstrated similar results. In 105 subjects with post‐CRT echocardiograms, LVEF improvement to &gt;35% was more likely in those implanted ≤9 months when compared to &gt;9 months (odds ratio [OR], 3.53; 95% CI, 1.32–9.46; P = 0.01). This association persisted in the final multivariable model adjusted for age at diagnosis, sex, QRS duration, post‐GDMT LVEF, and time from CRT to post‐CRT echocardiogram (OR, 5.10; 95% CI, 1.71–15.22; P = 0.004). Conclusion In LBBB‐associated idiopathic NICM, earlier CRT implantation was associated with more favorable cardiac remodeling. Delaying CRT may miss a critical period to halt and reverse progressive myocardial damage.

Topic: Cardiac pacing and defibrillation studies
Subfield: Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Reproductive Biotechnology Tools as a Game Changer for the Dairy Sector: The Case of Sexed Semen and Estrus Synchronization to Produce Seedstock Dairy Heifers

Human curiosity about the sexual orientation of living things has a long history. For thousands of years, livestock owners wanted to find a suitable way to predict the sex of the progeny to be born for their herds on their farm. Thanks to the development of semen sexing technology, animal breeding has undergone a revolution, which allows farmers to control the sex of their offspring. Sexed semen enhances overall productivity and also assists farmers in meeting the rising demand for high-quality dairy animals by enabling them to selectively generate seedstock female calves. The technology is a one-stop solution to enhance breed improvement especially in a country like Ethiopia where 97 percent of the cattle population is indigenous, which is not selected for milk production and results in undernourishment for animal source origin diet, including milk and meat. The benefits of using sexed semen include sex selection, improved genetic selection, enhanced breeding effectiveness, better control over herd dynamics, greater financial gains, environmental sustainability, and improved animal welfare. Hence, with the finding of this study, an overall result of a 98% response rate 95% female skewness, and 79% conception rate was recorded after being inseminated with sexed semen. The finding of the response rate is closer to the results reported by another researcher, while the average conception rate is comparatively higher. This could be due to careful animal selection, the use of fertile quality semen, proper heat detection, and inseminating at an optimum window of time. In general, from the piece of this study, it is possible to foresee and conclude that the adoption and application of sexed semen technology is a groundbreaking and game-changer technology for the dairy industry in a country like Ethiopia, which overcomes the limitations of improved crossbred dairy cattle, replacement heifers, and high milk prices on the one hand, a shortage of grazing land, and environmental destruction due to a decreasing number of unwanted cattle population on the other side.

Topic: Genetic and phenotypic traits in livestock
Subfield: Genetics
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Correlation of transition to turbulence in a constant-acceleration pipe flow

An experiment was conducted to determine the conditions for transition to turbulence in a pipe flow started from rest at a constant rate of mean velocity increase. The data were taken at the Naval Underwater Systems Center's Unsteady Flow Loop Facility, which has a 5-centimeter-diameter test section approximately 30 meters long, fitted with static pressure, fluctuating pressure, and surface shear stress sensors, as well as a laser Doppler velocimeter and a transient flowmeter. A downstream control valve produced uniform mean flow accelerations varying from 2 to 12 meters/second. In each of the 37 cases run, the time of transition to turbulence was constant to within 3 percent throughout the pipe, indicating that a global instability occurs.

Topic: Cyclone Separators and Fluid Dynamics
Subfield: Computational Mechanics
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Past, Present and Future of General Chemistry in the PUC-Rio.

This manuscript describes the role of chemistry as a vehicle of understanding many other basic sciences and engineering based on the experience acquired on the General Chemistry course at the “Center Technical Scientific” in the Pontific Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro (CTC-PUC-Rio). A description of the history of the General Chemistry course is presented, including the discussion of emends, course structure, learning systems, text books, teachers’ formation and their role. It is also described the actual activities of General Chemistry, such as integration of chemistry with environment. The laboratory course, the structure of involved group and the role each one, the mainly difficulties as emend amplitude and the school routine are also analyzed. Due to the difficulty in choosing an adequate text book, a structure of a note book is presented, which contains the emend and its relation with many fields of science, enriched with exercises and examples. A new proposal to solve many existing problems are presented, such as creation of Special Topics in General Chemistry, after the regular one, and the utilization of softwares involving important contents to a modern engineer formation.

Topic: Chemistry Education and Research
Subfield: Education
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
P-048. Pregnancy rates according to embryo cell number at time of embryo transfer

Abstracts of the 15th Annual Meeting of the ESHRE, Tours, France 1999 Two cases were cancelled before embryo transfer, one in group I due to a premature luteinizing hormone surge, and another case in group II as the semen sample of the partner on the day of oocyte retrieval showed necroteratozoospermia.Furthermore in group I, ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome grade III was experienced by one patient and a pregnancy of a patient was terminated at 16 weeks, due to a neural tube defect.No relevant local reaction at the site of injection was reported for Orgalutran. Conclusion:The outcome of this study supports a short, safe and convenient Orgalutran regimen for subjects undergoing ovarian stimulation resulting in a good clinical outcome as reflected by the number of fertilized oocytes and the ongoing pregnancy rate.In comparison with the reference treatment, using Orgalutran less rFSH was used in a shorter treatment period.

Topic: Reproductive Biology and Fertility
Subfield: Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Clinical Profiles of Patients with Optic Neuritis and Papillitis

Background and Aim: Optic neuritis causes substantial visual impairment and potential long-term visual defectsin addition to serving as an important prognostic indicator for future development of demyelinating diseases suchas multiple sclerosis. Hence this study was done with the objective to collect data of the clinical profile in patientsof optic neuritis.Materials and Methods: A prospective analysis was done for the patients clinically diagnosed with optic neuritis.A total of 60 patients were included in the study. Patients admitted with optic neuritis after taking valid consentdetailed history was taken, with documention of onset of visual loss, duration of visual loss, pain and history ofany other ophthalmic and neurological symptoms.Results: Of the total 120 eyes of 60 patients were inspected, the left eye was more commonly diagnosed withneuritis and papillitis. DOV was seen as the chief complain in majority of patients with optic neuritis, 21 patientscomplained of pain with eye movements and twelve patients complained of non specific pain in an around theeye. Four patients had uthoffs phenomenon.Conclusion: All patients treated were treated with ONTT trial and also investigated for cause and follow up done.The results revealed that the prevalence of papillits were almost equal in males and females. Patients respondedquickly to ONTT regimen while papillits recovered late. VA improvement after ONTT was statistically significant.Colour vision and contrast also improved. Our study showed that ONTT regimen has benifit in optic neuritis withfast Visual recovery.

Topic: Retinal and Optic Conditions
Subfield: Ophthalmology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Quantitative design for SISO non-minimum-phase unstable plants by the singular-<i>G</i> method

It has been shown how a single-input-single-output (SISO) plant can be converted by several independent samplings of the output, into an equivalent multiple-input-multiple-output one, with respect to feedback system stability. The singular-G method may then be used to stabilize the system despite plant uncertainty. Only qualitative properties were previously presented. This paper presents a quantitative design procedure for such uncertain SISO plants with right half-plane poles and zeros, and some of the costs thereby incurred. The inherently large loop sensitivity is transferred from the plant to the compensators. Plant disturbances are greatly amplified rather than attenuated. But for a large class of such uncertain plants, stabilization and reasonable command response are possible.

Topic: Control Systems and Identification
Subfield: Control and Systems Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
CO 2 microdialysis in the midline raphe increases breathing in wakefulness and sleep

Central chemoreceptors in the brainstem that stimulate breathing appear to be located in many anatomical sites. This set of experiments studies the effect of local stimulation of central chemoreceptors in the midline raphe during wakefulness and sleep. It is hypothesized that the ventilation response, or change in frequency and/or tidal volume of breaths, to CO2 at this site changes with different states of arousal. To test the hypothesis, focal acidification of the midline raphe was achieved in unanesthetized rats by using a microdialysis probe with a semipermeable membrane; the probe was connected via tubing to a syringe containing artificial cerebral spinal fluid equilibrated with 25% CO 2 . After conducting experiments on 12 rats, it was found that there is a trend towards an increase in ventilation during both wakefulness and sleep. In comparing the response during the two states of arousal, the ventilation response tends to be greater during sleep than wakefulness. The increase in ventilation appears to occur due to only the increase in frequency of breaths, as there is little change in the tidal volume. The ventilation response suggests that the midline raphe plays an important role in respiration control.

Topic: Neuroscience of respiration and sleep
Subfield: Endocrine and Autonomic Systems
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences
Depression in Indonesian Elderly Inmates: A Preliminary Study

Background: Physical and social environments in prisons cause mental disorders, the prevalence of depression is higher in correctional settings than in general population. Depression is one of mental disorders among older adult including elderly prisoners, however the incidence is uncertain particularly in Indonesia. Objectives: This study aims to describe the prevalence of depression among elderly inmates in Indonesia. Methods: A survey study design was employed on 21 elderly inmates selected by total sampling method in a prison in Indonesia. Data was collected by a face to face interview using Depression Anxiety Stress Scale and statistical analysis used descriptive statistics. Results: The study revealed that 4.76% elderly had extremely severe depression, 4.76% elderly had severe depression, 9.52% elderly had medium depression,23.81%elderlyhadmilddepression,and57.14%elderlyhadnodepression. Conclusions: Prevalence of depression among elderly inmates was relatively high. Thus, providing counseling to elderly to cope with prison environment will increase problem solving.

Topic: Legal and Social Justice Studies
Subfield: Law
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Critical Success Factors in Lean Implementation – A Maltese Context

For the past 30 years, Lean has become popular throughout organisations across the globe. Based on the Toyota Production System (TPS), Lean is a proven systematic methodology to reduce waste in processes, optimise efficiency and ensure quality in the end products. Although Lean has been proven to be a successful methodology, it also has a high failure rate. Research has identified a range of critical success factors (CSF) that are crucial towards the successful implementation of Lean. This research endeavour takes a qualitative approach, using Grounded Theory (GT) to investigate Lean implementation in Maltese organisations and to determine whether established CSFs are applicable to the Maltese context. Participants from the manufacturing, catering, and logistics industries are interviewed, with the data coded and analysed using MAXQDA2020. The findings suggest the importance of leadership as a catalyst in driving change within an organisation to foster a culture of continuous improvement.

Topic: Quality and Supply Management
Subfield: Management Information Systems
Field: Business, Management and Accounting
Domain: Social Sciences
Friends of God: Islamic Images of Piety, Commitment, and Servanthood By JOHN RENARD

Journal Article Friends of God: Islamic Images of Piety, Commitment, and Servanthood By John Renard Get access Friends of God: Islamic Images of Piety, Commitment, and ServanthoodBy John Renard (Berkeley: University of California Press, 2008), xx, 346 pp. Price PB £16.95. EAN 978–0520251984. T. Emil Homerin T. Emil Homerin University of RochesterE-mail: theh@mail.rochester.edu Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of Islamic Studies, Volume 22, Issue 1, January 2011, Pages 75–76, https://doi.org/10.1093/jis/etq080 Published: 29 November 2010

Topic: Education and Islamic Studies
Subfield: Education
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Why Is There No Labor Movement in the United States?

The objective conditions requisite for a labor movement revival are palpable: more poverty, more income inequality, more families without health insurance, more retirees without adequate pensions, not to mention the recent near-collapse of global finance. Despite conditions so ripe for unionism, the labor movement barely holds its own. Why? And what can be done about it? Does the future lie in a “transformative” (i.e., revolutionary) anticapitalist class struggle? Or does it lie closer to the roots of the current social democratic contractualism of the mainstream labor movement? Two recent books provide an opportunity for Michael Merrill to explore these questions.

Topic: Political Economy and Marxism
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
[Nutrition in AIDS].

The infection by HIV continues to be the most aggressive pandemic of our century, with a high economical, social, and health care cost. In the last years the development of new, highly effective therapies has made it possible to change the prognosis, the quality of life, and the survival of many patients. However, the associated malnutrition continues to appear, with dramatic consequences. It affects between 50 and 90% of the seropositive patients. Its origin is multi-factorial and its early detection allows positive therapeutic responses to be obtained, with nutritional repletion, if the correct treatment is given. The future of the nutritional therapeutic approach in patients with HIV infection passes through a combined therapy that includes: nutritional education, drugs, and nutritional support.

Topic: HIV-related health complications and treatments
Subfield: Emergency Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Discussing factors associated with quality of life in cancer follow-up appointments: a preliminary test of a pragmatic model for clinical practice

Objective: The aim of this study is to perform a preliminary test of a practical, evidence-based model to enable discussions around quality of life–related concerns during cancer follow-up appointments. Design: Cross-sectional study measuring quality of life, illness perceptions, emotional distress, fatigue, and subjective cognitive complaints. Setting: Cancer outpatient follow-up clinics in four National Health Services in the United Kingdom. Participants: Working-age post-treatment cancer patients, treated with curative intent. Interventions: Not applicable. Main measures: European Organisation for the Research and Treatment of Cancer – Quality of Life Questionnaire – Core 30, Illness Perceptions Questionnaire – Revised, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Chalder Fatigue Scale, and Cognitive Failures Questionnaire. Results: Fifty-seven cancer patients, with a mean age of 36 years and on average 2.75 years post treatment, returned the completed questionnaires. Anxiety partially mediated the association between subjective cognitive complaints and illness identity (60%) and timeline (25%). Cognitive complaints mediated the relationships between quality of life and anxiety (45%), depression (30%), and fatigue (62%). Depression mediated the relationships between quality of life and illness identity (48%) and timeline (40%). Conclusion: Our study provides a preliminary test of an evidence-based model to help elicit quality of life–related concerns during cancer follow-up appointments. Illness perceptions are associated with quality of life through the mediation of other cancer-relevant factors. Discussing the type, origin, and expected duration of symptoms may elicit other concerns, such as emotional distress, fatigue, or cognitive complaints, which explained a significant amount of the relationship between illness perceptions and quality of life.

Topic: Cancer survivorship and care
Subfield: Oncology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences