jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Investigating the Short-Term Effects of Cold Stress on Metabolite Responses and Metabolic Pathways in Inner-Mongolia Sanhe Cattle

Inner-Mongolia Sanhe cattle are well-adapted to low-temperature conditions, but the metabolic mechanisms underlying their climatic resilience are still unknown. Based on the 1H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance platform, 41 metabolites were identified and quantified in the serum of 10 heifers under thermal neutrality (5 °C), and subsequent exposure to hyper-cold temperature (−32 °C) for 3 h. Subsequently, 28 metabolites were pre-filtrated, and they provided better performance in multivariate analysis than that of using 41 metabolites. This indicated the need for pre-filtering of the metabolome data in a paired experimental design. In response to the cold exposure challenge, 19 metabolites associated with cold stress response were identified, mainly enriched in “aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis” and “valine, leucine, and isoleucine degradation”. A further integration of metabolome and gene expression highlighted the functional roles of the DLD (dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase), WARS (tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase), and RARS (arginyl-tRNA synthetase) genes in metabolic pathways of valine and leucine. Furthermore, the essential regulations of SLC30A6 (solute carrier family 30 (zinc transporter), member 6) in metabolic transportation for propionate, acetate, valine, and leucine under severe cold exposure were observed. Our findings presented a comprehensive characterization of the serum metabolome of Inner-Mongolia Sanhe cattle, and contributed to a better understanding of the crucial roles of regulations in metabolites and metabolic pathways during cold stress events in cattle.

Topic: Effects of Environmental Stressors on Livestock
Subfield: Animal Science and Zoology
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Approximate bound state solutions of the Dunkl-Schrödinger equation for a hyperbolic double-well interaction

Abstract We construct approximate solutions to the stationary, one-dimensional Schrödinger equation for a hyperbolic double-well potential within the Dunkl formalism. Our approximation is applied to an inverse quadratic term contributed by the Dunkl formalism in the effective potential. The solutions we obtain are given in terms of confluent Heun functions. We establish parity of these solutions, discuss their elementary cases, and present an example of a system admitting bound states.

Topic: Quantum Mechanics and Non-Hermitian Physics
Subfield: Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
What is the current role for parenteral lipid emulsions containing omega-3 fatty acids in infants with short bowel syndrome?

Parenteral nutrition associated liver disease is the most common complication of pediatric short bowel syndrome (SBS). There is emerging evidence that the disease may be reversed with the use of parenteral lipid emulsions derived from fish-oils, which contain significant concentrations of omega-3 fatty acids (w3FA). This paper will review the rationale for the use of parenteral lipid emulsions containing w3FA in SBS and the evidence for their efficacy. Given the promising results and apparent safety of these emulsions, we shall also consider what the current role for PN lipid emulsions containing w3FA in children with SBS should be.

Topic: Clinical Nutrition and Gastroenterology
Subfield: Nutrition and Dietetics
Field: Nursing
Domain: Health Sciences
Economic and environmental analysis of micro hydropower system for rural power supply

This paper discusses the advantages of using renewable energy sources in the architecture of an off-grid hybrid power system in rural areas. The studied system is composed of a diesel generator to which a micro hydropower plant is added. Simulations using the Hybrid Optimization Model for Electric Renewable (HOMER) are performed for given annual values of hydro resources, power demands and hybrid system component costs. The results highlight the cost-effectiveness character and the reduction of gas pollutant emissions achieved by using such a system rather than a diesel generator to supply the same load.

Topic: Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems
Subfield: Energy Engineering and Power Technology
Field: Energy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Central limit theorem for fluctuations of linear eigenvalue statistics of large random graphs

We consider the adjacency matrix $A$ of a large random graph and study fluctuations of the function $f_n(z,u)=\frac{1}{n}\sum_{k=1}^n\exp\{-uG_{kk}(z)\}$ with $G(z)=(z-iA)^{-1}$. We prove that the moments of fluctuations normalized by $n^{-1/2}$ in the limit $n\to\infty$ satisfy the Wick relations for the Gaussian random variables. This allows us to prove central limit theorem for $\hbox{Tr}G(z)$ and then extend the result on the linear eigenvalue statistics $\hbox{Tr}ϕ(A)$ of any function $ϕ:\mathbb{R}\to\mathbb{R}$ which increases, together with its first two derivatives, at infinity not faster than an exponential.

Topic: Random Matrices and Applications
Subfield: Statistics and Probability
Field: Mathematics
Domain: Physical Sciences
On bitopological -semi-generalised continuous maps.

Abstract. We introduce a new type of generalized sets called (1, 2) ∗ semi-generalized closed sets and a new class of generalized functions called (1, 2)∗ semi-generalized continuous maps. We obtain several characterizations of this class and study its bitopological properties and investigate the relationships with other new functions like (1, 2) ∗ g-continuous maps and (1, 2) ∗ gc-irresolute maps.

Topic: Fuzzy and Soft Set Theory
Subfield: Management Science and Operations Research
Field: Decision Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
[Preliminary results of thyroid function assessment in children and adolescents with Hodgkin's disease (HD) treated according to PGP-HD-97 protocol].

The intensive treatment of HD (multidrug chemotherapy combined with radiotherapy) carries the risk of early and late complications. One of the late effects is thyroid dysfunction which may occur after radiotherapy of the cervical region. In this report preliminary results of thyroid function assessment in children with HD in correlation with time after cessation of therapy are presented. Between January 1, 1997 and December 31, 2002, 58 children with HD (age: 2.6-18.3 years, median, 14.9 years) were treated in Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology PAIP CMUJ in Kraków, according to PGP-HD-97 protocol and these patients were included in the study. Multidrug chemotherapy combined with low-dose involved-field radiotherapy (15-25 Gy) was used in treatment of these children. Therapy was completed in all of analysed patients and in 38 of them (65.5%) at least 24 months before the end of observation. Physical and ultrasound examination of thyroid gland, and plasma levels of T3, T4, fT3, fT4, and TSH were measured before treatment of HD, before the treatment cessation, and every 6-12 months after the completion of therapy. The observation was completed on December 31, 2003. Six hundred and twelve measurements were performed in all of patients. At least one abnormal result of thyroid hormones or TSH levels was found in 50% of children. The most frequent abnormality was the increased level of TSH which occurred in 27.6% of patients. The rates of abnormal results of TSH concentration before HD treatment, and 1 year, 2 years, and later than 2 years after the cessation of therapy were: 8.3%, 8.8%, 21,4%, and 10.2%, respectively. These differences were not statistically significant. Seven patients (12%) require endocrinological treatment due to thyroid dysfunction. These patients as well as other analysed children are clinically euthyreotic. Initial results of thyroid function assessment presented in this report indicate that longer follow up and further thyroid function tests, physical and ultrasound examination of thyroid gland in patients after HD therapy cessation are needed. These studies are essential to early detection and adequate treatment of early and late complications of HD therapy.

Topic: Thyroid Disorders and Treatments
Subfield: Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
HEALTH RISKS THAT CAT SCRATCH DISEASE CREATES IN HUMANS, CONTROL AND TREATMENT CHOICES

It is concluded that animal health affects directly human health considering the fact that major part of diseases in humans result from animals. Bartonella agents are isolated from humans, rodents, rabbits, dogs, ruminants, wild and domestic cats. Bartonella infections are most commonly seen in domestic cats. Cats are considered primary mammalian reservoir in the transmission of zoonotic Bartonella (B.) henselae and B. clarridgeiae infections. Bartonella, vector-borne pathogen commonly appeared in our country and the world, can cause from mild flu signs to severe diseases such as endocarditis, myocarditis, arthritis, hepatitis in humans and animals. After Bartonella infections are transmitted by fleas to cats, cats may remain chronically infected with bacteria for months or years and especially they can transmit the infection to humans by bites or scratches. Cats infected by Bartonella spp. without any clinical signs can transmit the infection to humans. In the context of this review in the light of mentioned knowledge, data were presented for prevalence situations belonging to regions and countries that Bartonella infection commonly occurs in Turkey and the world. In addition, knowledge was given obtained from recent scientific sources for transmission ways of bartonellosis, clinical signs that it causes in humans and animals, diagnosis methods, treatment and control.

Topic: Bartonella species infections research
Subfield: Parasitology
Field: Immunology and Microbiology
Domain: Life Sciences
Opinion Ensembling for Improving Economic Growth through Tourism

Online reviews had a noticeable impact over the tourism industry, as tourists now make decisions based upon the reviews written by fellow tourists on travel websites. Online reviews directly or indirectly affects the economy of the country through foreign investment or through job opportunities. To process these online reviews as opinions faster, many algorithms were designed which changed the way people viewed online reviews. However, the individual results of these opinion processing algorithms were found biased or varying in some cases, which gave rise to the need of opinion ensemble techniques. We proposed opining ensembling which mine the online reviews extracted from tripadvisor.com. The empirical evaluation of the extracted reviews has resulted in suggestions to improve economic growth through tourism.

Topic: Digital Marketing and Social Media
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
ANALYSIS OF THE ELECTROMYOGRAPHIC PROFILE OF THE RECTUS FEMORIS AND BICEPS FEMORIS DURING THE ???DEMI-PLIE??? IN DANCE

Physical Education Department, Universite de Montreal, C.P. 6128, Succ. “A”, Montreal, P.Q. Canada, H3C 3J7.

Topic: Sports Performance and Training
Subfield: Orthopedics and Sports Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
MOESM2 of Characteristics of the cerebrospinal fluid pressure waveform and craniospinal compliance in idiopathic intracranial hypertension subjects

Additional file 2. The presenting Humphrey Visual Field, FrisĂŠn Score, height and body mass index for all the subjects in the study.

Topic: Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis
Subfield: Neurology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Girls on the stand: how courts fail pregnant minors

Acknowledgments I Parental Involvement Mandates1 A Balancing Act2 The Legal LandscapeII Gaining Access to the Bypass Process3 Satisfaction 4 Ignorance5 Misconduct III The Judicial Pulpit6 Judgment Day 7 Facing the Fetus IV Law and Politics8 The Constitutional Fine Print 9 Myth-Guided Policy NotesBibliography Index About the Author

Topic: Legal Systems and Judicial Processes
Subfield: Political Science and International Relations
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Phraseology and imagery in UK public health agency COVID-19 tweets

This chapter examines linguistic and visual communication in UK public health agency tweets as part of a wider project looking at the effectiveness of public health information about COVID-19 for speakers of English as an additional language (EAL). In this study, we use corpus linguistics and multimodal social semiotic analysis to examine the phraseology and imagery of UK public health agency tweets to understand how linguistic and visual representations combine to shape these messages. Results show that in terms of form, four-word n-grams in this data often overlapped each other or served as part of frames for longer messages. In terms of functions, the n-grams often served to give advice or instructions while presenting this more neutrally as information. Hence the message was often conveyed via implicature rather than directly expressing the intended information and directives. Results also show that the images that were combined with these frequent n-grams tended to be photographs representing members of the public and authority figures, procedural infographics and posters with cartoon images. The text in the tweets appeared at times misaligned with the intended functions of these visual representations, thus affecting the overall effectiveness of the public health communications.

Topic: Discourse Analysis in Language Studies
Subfield: Literature and Literary Theory
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Climate change as a risk to human security: a systematic literature review focusing on vulnerable countries of Africa - causes and adaptation strategies

The main purpose of this research is to systematically review the literature to understand how climate change influences stability and human security. The results identified from the bibliometric analysis allowed the identification of four dominant themes in the literature explaining the climate change and human security nexus: 1) food security related to agricultural systems; 2) water security associated with water scarcity and management; 3) humanitarian crises, emphasising conflict and climate migration; 4) adaptation and mitigation strategies. The results underline the ineffectiveness of current responses to climate change, suggesting the urgency of action to reduce its impact on communities most prone to the effects, particularly in fragile states in Sub-Saharan Africa. The study highlights some recommendations to policy and institutional leaders for a sustainable adaptation at the social, ecological, and economic dimensions. Additionally, this paper provides a theoretical contribution by explaining the nexus of climate change, human security, and conflict, proposing a new dimension for the concept of human security - ecological security.

Topic: Transboundary Water Resource Management
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Oil Prices and the U.S. Dollar Exchange Rate: Evidence from the Monetary Model

This paper analyzes how changes in global oil prices affect the US dollar (USD) exchange rate based on the monetary model of exchange rate. We find evidence indicating a negative relationship between oil prices and the USD exchange rate against 12 currencies. Specifically, the analysis of the impulse response function shows that the depreciation rate of the USD exchange rate ranges between 0.002 and 0.018 percentage points as a result of a one-standard deviation positive shock to the real price of crude oil. In the same vein, the forecast error variance decomposition analysis reveals that variation in the USD exchange rate is largely attributable to changes in the price of oil rather than monetary fundamentals. In last, the out-of-sample forecast exercise indicates that oil prices enhance the predictability power of the monetary model of exchange rate.

Topic: Market Dynamics and Volatility
Subfield: Economics and Econometrics
Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance
Domain: Social Sciences
Supplementary Table 1 from Nm23-H1 Indirectly Promotes the Survival of Acute Myeloid Leukemia Blast Cells by Binding to More Mature Components of the Leukemic Clone

Supplementary Table 1 from Nm23-H1 Indirectly Promotes the Survival of Acute Myeloid Leukemia Blast Cells by Binding to More Mature Components of the Leukemic Clone

Topic: Mechanisms of cancer metastasis
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Expression of the Sweet Receptor Protein, T1R3, in the Human Liver and Pancreas

The expression of T1R3, a taste receptor essential for the perception of sweetness and umami-taste, was examined by immunohistochemistry to determine whether and where it may be localized in the liver and pancreas. In the liver, both immunopositive and immunonegative reactions were detected; bile ducts and intercalated portions of the bile ductules were immunopositive to T1R3, while arterioles and venules were immunonegative in interlobular connective tissue. In the hepatic lobule, all other cells including liver cells (hepatocytes) and bile capillaries were immunonegative. In the pancreas, all endocrine portions of the pancreas were immunonegative to T1R3. Within the exocrine portions, immunopositive reactions were detected in excretory duct cells, intercalated cells, and centroacinar cells. In contrast, acinar cells were immunonegative, as were vessels, lymph capillaries, nerve fibers, and connective tissue cells in the exocrine portions. The restricted localization of T1R3 in the duct cells of the liver and pancreas in the present study may indicate that T1R3 is involved in monitoring changes in the makeup of bile and pancreatic juices in the hepatic and pancreatic duct systems.

Topic: Biochemical Analysis and Sensing Techniques
Subfield: Nutrition and Dietetics
Field: Nursing
Domain: Health Sciences
PicsAR: A Physics Visualisation to Enhance Students’ Thinking Skills in Abstract Concepts

Abstract The aim of the research was to visualise abstract physics concepts through a PicsAR (Physics Augmented Reality) application to enhance students’ thinking skills in abstract concepts. Previously, the researchers developed the PicsAR by utilising Research and Development (R &amp; D) design with an ADDIE model (Analysis, Design, Develop, Implementation, and Evaluation) and reported through previous publication. It has claimed that the PicsAR has fulfilled the criteria of valid, practice, and effective. The atomic model was exemplified as an abstract concept in physics as an outcome of visualisation. Totally, 33 high school students with their teacher in Surabaya Indonesia contributed to this study. To explore students’ thinking skills in abstract concepts, the descriptive statistics were used in guiding the data analysis. The visualisation of research trends in physics augmented reality was performed by VOSviewer software. Empirically, the finding of the research described the feature of PicsAR and the performance of the augmented reality of atomic models. Additionally, students’ abstract thinking skills of atomic models were also discussed, including four types of reasoning: proportional, probabilistic, combinatorial, and correlational reasoning. Overall, the students achieved excellent of all proportional reasoning indicators, two-thirds of probabilistic and correlational reasoning indicators, and seventy-five percent of combinatorial reasoning indicators.

Topic: STEM Education
Subfield: Education
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Russian-Chinese Relations: Political and Economic Aspect

International relations play a vital role in modern politics. They differ from any other relations by several features: spontaneity, lack of a single core of power and the center for making centralized decisions, coverage of all spheres of life of the participants involved in the process and the increasing influence of subjective factors. The scale that embraces international relations differs in «verticals» and «contours». They include global, regional and specific relationships, as well as group and bilateral relations. China and Russia are connected by centuries-old history. Russian-Chinese relations and their dynamic development are of interest to the political science community. At present, they form an important material basis for cooperation in the areas of trade and economy, contributing to the development of the Russian economy. China supports and subsidizes projects that ensure its interests in Russia. Political and economic cooperation between Russia and China is developing actively and is using more and more resources. The more important it becomes to maintain good-neighbor and productive relations. Russian-Chinese relations affect many spheres of life of the two States: scientific, economic, military, cultural, etc.in this light, economic cooperation stands out as one of the main. Russian-Chinese trade and economic cooperation is actively analyzed in the works of many researchers, but there is no consensus on the most important vectors of cooperation and prospects for its development. In this regard, the analysis and structuring of some areas of Russian-Chinese relations, foreign economic relations, opportunities for the development of relations between Russia and China, as well as their transition to a new level are becoming urgent. China is the largest trade partner of Russia and an investor who is interested in promoting some projects implemented in Russia. For this reason, the development of successful and fruitful relations is in the first place among the leaders of the two powers. The need for multidirectional trade and economic relations is also conditioned by geopolitical, cultural and historical factors.

Topic: Global Political and Economic Relations
Subfield: Political Science and International Relations
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences