jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Peculiarities of lipoperoxidation processes in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease associated with multiple myeloma

<b>Introduction:</b> The presence of COPD limits the treatment tactics in MM, since the use of protocols with high doses of glucocorticoid hormones and with pronounced hematological toxicity can contribute to inflammation in the bronchi and the development of complications. <b>Aim:</b> To study the content of MDA in the blood serum of patients with COPD with MM in relation to patients with MM and the control group. <b>Methods:</b> The object of the study was venous blood upon admission of the patient to the hospital. 3 groups were allocated: group 1 (n = 47) - patients with COPD with MM; group 2 (n = 54) - patients with MM; group 3 (n = 125) - practically healthy volunteers. MDA was determined by the interaction with 2-thiobarbituric acid. The statistical significance of differences was determined using the Mann – Whitney rank test, p &lt;0.05. <b>Results:</b> An increased content of MDA in plasma indicates an excessive production of ROS and does not exclude significant damage to the endothelium of blood vessels in patients. The MDA content increased in all patients with COPD with MM by 1.6 times (MDA = 90.3 [81.3-164.2]) relative to patients with MM (MDA = 55.23 [31.36-100.5]) ( p = 0.001) and 56 times relative to the control group (MDA = 1.6 [0.96-2.24]) (p = 0.001). <b>Conclusion:</b> In patients with COPD with MM and MM, oxidative stress was revealed, proved by a multiple increase in MDA in the blood serum, while MDA values were significantly higher when COPD was combined with MM. The development of oxidative stress aggravates the symptoms of bronchial obstruction in COPD with MM.

Topic: Medicinal plant effects and applications
Subfield: Complementary and alternative medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Interleaved Boost-Integrated <i>LC</i> Series Resonant Converter With Frequency-Free Designed Transformer for Wide Voltage Range Applications

In this article, we present a novel interleaved boost-integrated <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">LC</i> series resonant converter with two output rectification modes, which are voltage-doubler rectifier mode and voltage-quadrupler rectifier mode with constant output voltage for wide input voltage range applications. Due to the symmetrical configuration of the rectifier, the voltage stress of switches and diodes on the secondary side is only half of the output voltage. With the proposed pulse frequency modulation, the maximum magnetic flux density <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">B<sub>m</sub></i> of high-frequency transformer is only related to the resonant frequency rather than the switching frequency. Hence, the transformer can be frequency-free designed. The zero-voltage switching of the primary switches and zero-current switching of the secondary switches and diodes are achieved, respectively. Moreover, the design procedure for some key parameters is presented. Finally, a 470 W prototype with a switching-frequency range from 50 to 140 kHz is built to verify the operation principles of the proposed converter and modulation.

Topic: Advanced DC-DC Converters
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Lake varves and environmental history

Varves are one of the most important terrestrial archives of past environments with an annual- to century-scale resolution. Sediments from small and deep maar lakes have great potential in this respect due to their specific conditions for the formation and preservation of the laminated sediments. The coring operation was undertaken in the autumn of 2006. Prior to the coring, an echo sounding investigation was carried out to search the lake bed configuration for exploring the best coring point, which was finally determined nearly at the centre of the lake. Initial sedimentological description and soft X-ray photos for the whole cores were recorded. Sediment records with a total length of 36.9 m were recovered from Lake Ichi-no-Megata. The six lithozones were determined according to macroscopically discernible sediment characteristics like material, colour, sedimentary structure and physical property records. The continuous laminated sediments of Lake Ichi-no-Megata have great potential for studying past environmental changes since the last glacial period.

Topic: Geology and Paleoclimatology Research
Subfield: Atmospheric Science
Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences
Domain: Physical Sciences
On a new concept of stochastic domination and the laws of large numbers

Consider a sequence of positive integers $\{k_n,n\ge1\}$, and an array of nonnegative real numbers $\{a_{n,i},1\le i\le k_n,n\ge1\}$ satisfying $\sup_{n\ge 1}\sum_{i=1}^{k_n}a_{n,i}=C_0\in (0,\infty).$ This paper introduces the concept of $\{a_{n,i}\}$-stochastic domination. We develop some techniques concerning this concept and apply them to remove an assumption in a strong law of large numbers of Chandra and Ghosal [Acta. Math. Hungarica, 1996]. As a by-product, a considerable extension of a recent result of Boukhari [J. Theoret. Probab., 2021] is established and proved by a different method. The results on laws of large numbers are new even when the summands are independent. Relationships between the concept of $\{a_{n,i}\}$-stochastic domination and the concept of $\{a_{n,i}\}$-uniform integrability are presented. Two open problems are also discussed.

Topic: Stochastic processes and financial applications
Subfield: Finance
Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance
Domain: Social Sciences
Characterization of periwinkle genotypes through DUS test

AbstractCatharanthus roseus has been reported to be very useful for the various medical and neutraceutical application besides its ornamental value. Information on morphological characters of periwinkle is needed for development and improvement of this plant species so that its full potential can be optimally utilized. This high diversity germplasm was obtained through exploration efforts. To be successfully utilized in plant breeding programs, the germplasm must be identified for the important characters and expected to have a broad diversity. As a result, an attempt was undertaken to characterize 11 periwinkle genotypes in order to produce identifying keys that are reliable and reasonably straightforward to conduct when applying DUS (distinctness, uniformity and stability) testing. However, distinct differences were noticed in vegetative and floral characters. The study on periwinkle genotypes has successfully demonstrated that all the genotypes differed significantly, which makes the candidate genotype eligible to seek protection in future. The present study therefore provides very useful leads for future research efforts in this direction.

Topic: Organ and Tissue Transplantation Research
Subfield: Transplantation
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Evaluation of correspondence between clinical and pathological margins in oral squamous cell carcinoma

Background: Microscopically, oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC) spreads more than the gross tumor. Thus it is recommended to resect the tumor with a proper safe margin. The aim of this study was to evaluate the correspondence between clinical and histopathological margins in oral SCC. Methods: Samples were collected from patients diagnosed as oral SCC and referred to Iran Cancer Institute on 2015. All margins of tumors were determined by a marker and then the tumors were resected with 1cm safe margin. The superior, inferior, left and right borders were marked and examined microscopically. The lowest distance between tumor cells and border of resected tissue was considered as pathological margin. The cases with pathological margin less or more than 5 millimeters were classified as close and free margin group, respectively. Results: forty-four specimens (20 females and 24 males), definitely diagnosed as SCC, were examined. The mean age was 61 years old. 19 cases (43.2%) were in the mandible; 23 cases (52.3%) in the tongue and 2 cases (4.5%) in the maxilla. 16 cases (38.4%) were free margin and 28 cases (63.6%) were close margin and the mean pathological margin was 3.52mm. Conclusion: for some cases, especially SCCs of the mandible, 1-centimeter margin is not adequate to achieve free margins, thus evaluating tumor location, size and stage for more resection seems worthwhile and advisable and can decrease the risk of relapse after resection.

Topic: Head and Neck Cancer Studies
Subfield: Otorhinolaryngology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Eye Disease and Cognition: A Canadian Hospital-Based Cross-Sectional Study

Much attention is being expended to better understand the causes of cognitive impairment. The purpose of this thesis was to determine whether sensory deprivation, in particular vision loss due to age-related eye disease, is related to cognitive function in older adults, and if so, why. The epidemiological evidence thus far is conflicting and has some limitations such as using cognitive tests that rely on vision or only using a single global cognitive test. This thesis examined the relationship between eye disease and cognition by using several cognitive tests that do not rely on vision and by studying vision loss due to two different eye diseases that are common in old age. Our hypothesis was that people with glaucoma or age-related macular degeneration (AMD) would have worse cognitive function on all six cognitive tests and that these relationships would be explained by their more limited involvement in cognitive activities. This work used baseline data from a 2-year prospective hospital-based cohort study of 235 older adults. We found that older adults with AMD and glaucoma participated in fewer activities at least once per month compared to older adults with normal vision after adjustment for demographic and health variables (β=-4.8, 95% CI= -6.8, -2.8) and (β=-2.6, 95% CI= -4.3, -0.9), respectively. Furthermore, we found that AMD was associated with lower verbal fluency letter scores (β=-2.2, 95% CI= -4.1, -0.3) while glaucoma was related to worse immediate and delayed recall of items on the logical memory story (β=-1.7, 95% CI= -3.1, -0.4) and (β=-1.5, 95% CI= -2.9, -0.1). These associations were all attenuated by the addition of cognitive activities to the models, which may indicate its role as a mediator. Longitudinal studies are needed to provide more rigorous evidence. If confirmed in prospective studies, efforts to improve cognitive activities and cognitive function could be targeted specifically at older adults with vision loss.

Topic: Retinal and Optic Conditions
Subfield: Ophthalmology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Abstract 2732: A self-replicating RNA precision medicine approach to therapeutic protein delivery of narrow therapeutic index biomolecules

Abstract Protein drug replacement using nucleic acid technologies has been a sought-after solution for in situ production of proteins with poor half-lives and challenging manufacturability. Linear mRNA approaches have failed clinically in this technological use case due to low levels of protein expression and poor durability. Self-replicating RNA (srRNA) is a new technology for expression of biotherapeutics combining the advantages of fully synthetic drug products with higher peak levels of protein expression with active expression persisting out to 49 days. RBI-2000 is a novel srRNA encapsulated in a lipid nanoparticle and encoding two distinct proteins on the same strand of RNA. The first protein is a pro-inflammatory multimeric cytokine to promote de novo immune cell generation and infiltration. The second molecule is a single chain high affinity protein antagonist of downstream mediators of the inflammasome to prevent sterile inflammation, aberrant angiogenesis, and tumor invasiveness. We selected a novel alphaviral vector which demonstrated an enhanced peak level of protein expression vs. the prototypical vector that has been used in other RNA products. These encoded proteins elicited a pharmacodynamic response that had no evidence of decay in the first 7 days following a single treatment down to doses of 0.01 mcg. Using an implanted MC38 tumor model, tumor control was obtained at the lowest, single dose tested at 0.1 mcg of RBI-2000. When tested in combination with a checkpoint inhibitor (CPI), a single dose of the CPI and a single dose of RBI-2000 at 10 mcg resulted in 80% tumor control in the mice (8/10 mice). Tumor re-challenge of the mice at a site distal to the original implantation showed 100% protection. Collectively, these data demonstrate the feasibility of novel srRNA vectors as a protein drug replacement approach including for the expression of complex, multimeric cocktails of proteins. Citation Format: Zelanna Goldberg, Christian Maine, Gabrielle P. Dailey, Christine Domingo, Gaelle Picarda, Hunter Little, Annie Chou, Jessica Sparks, Darina Spasova, Shigeki Miyake-Stoner, Christopher A. Rabiola, Erika J. Crosby, Zachary C. Hartman, Herbert K. Lyerly, Nathaniel Wang, Parinaz Aliahmad. A self-replicating RNA precision medicine approach to therapeutic protein delivery of narrow therapeutic index biomolecules [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 2732.

Topic: RNA Interference and Gene Delivery
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Non-communicating Rudimentary Uterine Horn Pregnancy

Pregnancy in a non-communicating rudimentary horn is an extremely rare form of ectopic gestation. The rudimentary horn may or may not communicate with the uterine cavity with the majority of cases being non-communicating. The patient exhibits features of acute abdomen and carries a high risk of maternal death. Even modern scans remain elusive whereas laparatomy remains the confi rmatory procedure for the diagnosis. Because of the varied muscular constitution in the thickness and distensibility of the wall of the rudimentary horn, pregnancy is accommodated for a variable period of gestation. Here, we report three cases of pregnancy in a non-communicating rudimentary horn of the uterus in different periods of gestation, their outcome and a review of the available literature.&#x0D; Keywords: Mullerian anomalies, non-communicating rudimentary horn pregnancy, surgical management.

Topic: Elbow and Forearm Trauma Treatment
Subfield: Rehabilitation
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
SH2794073.08FU

UNITE provides a unified way for delimiting, identifying, communicating, and working with DNA-based Species Hypotheses (SH). All fungal ITS sequences in the international nucleotide sequence databases are clustered to approximately the species level by applying a set of dynamic distance values (<0.5 - 3.0%). All species hypotheses are given a unique, stable name in the form of a DOI, and their taxonomic and ecological annotations are verified through distributed, web-based third-party annotation efforts. SHs are connected to a taxon name and its classification as far as possible (phylum, class, order, etc.) by taking into account identifications for all sequences in the SH. An automatically or manually designated sequence is chosen to represent each such SH. These sequences are released (https://unite.ut.ee/repository.php) for use by the scientific community in, for example, local sequence similarity searches and next-generation sequencing analysis pipelines. The system and the data are updated automatically as the number of public fungal ITS sequences grows.

Topic: Peanut Plant Research Studies
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Institutional setup of employment services in Canada

Canada is characterised by an institutional setting that combines a federal jurisdiction with 13 provincial and territorial jurisdictions. The OECD recommends promoting employment services more client-oriented than the existing system-oriented ones, improving the co-ordination between Federal and provincial governments in the implementation and delivery of employment services and considering gathering the delivery of Employment Insurance benefit and employment services in a “one-stop-shop” place. These changes would ease their way for unemployed and, among them, displaced workers to navigate the fragmented employment and skills system.

Topic: Social Sciences and Governance
Subfield: Urban Studies
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Retained <scp>PAX2</scp> expression associated with <scp>DNA</scp> mismatch repair deficiency in endometrial endometrioid adenocarcinoma

Aims Loss of expression of tumour suppressor PAX2 and MMR deficiency (dMMR) has been frequently seen in endometrial endometrioid adenocarcinoma (EEC). However, the relationship between PAX2 expression and MMR status is unknown. Methods and Results We studied the PAX2 expression and examined its association with MMR status at the protein and genetic levels in 180 cases of EEC. Overall, total loss of PAX2 expression was found in about 70%, while retained PAX2 expression was seen in 30% of EEC. Among 125 cases with loss of PAX2, 68.8% were found in EECs with pMMR, while 31.2% were seen in those with dMMR. Among 55 cases of EECs with retained PAX2 expression, 92.7% were EECs with dMMR and 7.3% were those with pMMR ( P &lt; 0.001). While dMMR cases with MLH1 hypermethylation show almost equal retained or loss of PAX2 expression (52% versus 48%), dMMR with genetic alterations had significantly more retained PAX2 expression than loss of PAX2 (92.3% versus 7.7%), regardless of somatic or germline mutations. Loss of PAX2 was observed in 97.3% of dMMR with MLH1 hypermethylation compared to 2.7% of dMMR with genetic alterations ( P &lt; 0.001). Aggressive features such as higher tumour grades (FIGO 2–3) and advanced clinical stage (T2–T4) were significantly more frequently seen in dMMR with retained PAX2 expression, compared those to pMMR with loss of PAX2 expression. Conclusion Our study demonstrates a close correlation between retained PAX2 expression and dMMR in EEC. The molecular mechanism and clinical significance linking these two pathways in EEC remains to be unravelled.

Topic: Renal and related cancers
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Effect of herbo-mineral formulation (Shilajatu Rasayana) in letrozole-induced polycystic ovarian syndrome

The major cause of female infertility in recent years is polycystic ovarian syndrome commonly called as PCOS, compared to yonivyapath (disorders of female reproductive system) described in Ayurveda. Shilajatu Rasayana herbo-mineral preparation mentioned in "Rasendra Chudamani" indicated in yonyaamaya (disorders of female reproductive system), gulma (tumors), meha (hyperinsulinemia), pandu (anemia), etc. is expected to contribute positive and better result in letrozole-induced PCOS, considering the previous analytical and experimental studies. Letrozole, Shilajatu Rasayana, clomiphene citrate, ghee, and female albino rats formed the materials for the study. Totally thirty female rats were initially induced to develop PCOS by injecting letrozole. The induction of PCOS in rats was checked through vaginal smear analysis and further confirmed by hormonal assay. PCOS-induced rats were treated with clomiphene citrate (standard), Shilajatu Rasayana (test drug), and ghee (control). Ovarian and uterine weight, hormonal assay, and histomorphometric changes were observed and recorded. Shilajatu Rasayana has shown a significant result in letrozole-induced PCOS by regulating hormones, reduction of cystic follicles, maturation of ovarian follicles, and decreasing the increased ovarian and uterine weight.

Topic: Humic Substances and Bio-Organic Studies
Subfield: Soil Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Comparison of Coupling Effectiveness among Amino-, Chloro-, and Mercapto Silanes in Chloroprene Rubber

The present work focuses mainly on the uses of silane coupling agents in chloroprene rubber (CR) reinforced with precipitated silica (PSi). Grafting of organoalkoxysilane onto surfaces of PSi was conducted, and the characteristics of surface-modified PSi were determined by BET technique, light-scattering particle size analysis, DRIFT and 29 Si NMR spectroscopy. The 3 types of silane coupling agents used in this work were as follows: 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane (APTES), 3-chloropropyl triethoxysilane (CPTES) and bis (3-triethoxysilylpropyl) tetrasulfide (TESPT). Processability of compounds and mechanical properties of vulcanizates were then investigated, and compared for the effectiveness of silane coupling agents used in property enhancement. The results reveal that the silane type affects not only the compound processability, but also the vulcanizate mechanical properties. Among 3 silanes, the CPTES and TESPT are capable of reducing the filler-filler interaction to greater extent than the APTES, leading to superior compound processability. Moreover, the amino and mercapto groups of APTES and TESPT, respectively, significantly enhance the mechanical properties of CR vulcanizate more effectively than the chloro groups of CPTES. This might be ascribed to the combined effects of enhanced rubber-filler interaction and improved filler dispersion.

Topic: Polymer Nanocomposites and Properties
Subfield: Polymers and Plastics
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
[Oral hairy leukoplakia].

At present HL: should be considered a marker of immunodeficiency, though not necessarily associated with HIV infection. In eight patients with HL it was confirmed that this lesion, in male homosexuals, in a precursor and marker of AIDS. The diagnosis of HL warrant all efforts to protect the immune system and avoid progression to AIDS.

Topic: Oral and gingival health research
Subfield: Pharmacy
Field: Health Professions
Domain: Health Sciences
Finite element analysis of the stress and strain associated with a corrosion pit in a cylindrical specimen under applied tensile loading.

A finite element analysis has been undertaken to evaluate the stress and strain distribution associated with a single corrosion pit in a cylindrical specimen stressed remotely in tension. Hemispherical and bullet-shaped pits were investigated at stresses corresponding to 90% of the 0.2 % proof stress for a steam turbine disc steel, the pit shapes reflecting, crudely, shallow and deep pits respectively. The key observation was the localisation of plastic strain to the pit walls, just below the surface of the specimen. This localisation of plastic strain correlated with recent X-ray tomography measurements suggesting that stress corrosion cracking was initiated predominantly at or just below the surface, though other factors such as the local electrode potential and chemistry could also be contributing.

Topic: Non-Destructive Testing Techniques
Subfield: Mechanical Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences