jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Periodic Variations of Solar Corona Index during 1939–2020

Periodic behaviors of solar magnetic indicators might provide a clue for the understanding of solar dynamic processes. Combining with a Lomb–Scargle periodogram, the concentration of frequency and time via a multitapered synchrosqueezed transform is applied to investigate the periodic variations of modified coronal index for the time interval from 1 January 1939 to 31 August 2020. The main results are as follows: (1) During solar cycles 19 to 23, the Schwabe cycle of the modified coronal index is operating with its length variating between 10.5 and 11-yr, and the average value of length is 10.67-yr with standard deviation of 0.14-yr. (2) The Rieger-type periods are mainly distributed in a range from 120 to 200 days. In addition, the periods vary somewhat intermittently during cycles 18 to 24, which are operating with the highest power in cycles 21 and 22 while the power is much lower in cycles 23 and 24. (3) For rotation periods, the temporal variation exhibits a highly intermittent pattern as an asymmetrical distribution with its 25th, 50th, and 75th quantile of 26, 27.8, and 31-day, respectively. (4) Other mid-range periods are also detected with an average period length of 8.07, 5.44, 3.42, 2.3, and 1.01-yr.

Topic: Solar and Space Plasma Dynamics
Subfield: Astronomy and Astrophysics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
The Impact of Treatment and Screening for Diabetes Complications on Emergency Department Use

Diabetes is one of the most widespread chronic conditions in the US, afflicting an estimated 8% of the adult US population. Of this population, a substantial share uses the emergency department (ED). Using the Household Component of the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS) and its Diabetes Care Survey (DCS) for a panel of respondents surveyed in 2004, this paper examines whether treating and preventing diabetic complications through screenings reduces the likelihood that a diabetic aged 18 and older uses the ED. This study finds that treating diabetes with oral medicines and having A1C tests (which test for blood glucose level) significantly decrease an individual's likelihood of using the ED. Among adults ages 18 and older who had four to seven A1C tests within the past two years, the odds of using the ED were 28% less than for individuals who did not have an A1C test in the past two years. The odds of using the ED for adults who treated their diabetes through oral medicines were 55% less than the odds of ED use for adults who did not treat their diabetes. However, other prevention and treatment activities examined in the analysis were not statistically significant. These findings suggest that policies which seek to reduce ED use for diabetes adults should promote and provide access to treatment and screening for diabetes complications. Further, due to the substantial percentage of adults with diabetes who have other chronic conditions and other health complications, these policies should ensure access to healthcare for additional health problems, besides diabetes.

Topic: Chronic Disease Management Strategies
Subfield: Epidemiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Travelling wave solutions and proper solutions to the two-dimensional Burgers–Korteweg–de Vries equation

In this paper, we study the two-dimensional Burgers–Korteweg–de Vries (2D-BKdV) equation by analysing an equivalent two-dimensional autonomous system, which indicates that under some particular conditions, the 2D-BKdV equation has a unique bounded travelling wave solution. Then by using a direct method, a travelling solitary wave solution to the 2D-BKdV equation is expressed explicitly, which appears to be more efficient than the existing methods proposed in the literature. At the end of the paper, the asymptotic behaviour of the proper solutions of the 2D-BKdV equation is established by applying the qualitative theory of differential equations.

Topic: Nonlinear Waves and Solitons
Subfield: Statistical and Nonlinear Physics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
System-in-a-package technology for 3D integration of radar modules

3D thin-film technology including substrate vias and integrated passives is used as a platform for heterogeneous integration of high frequency wireless systems and radar. The features of the technology are first described and next demonstrated with an integrated Doppler radar operating in the Ku band.

Topic: Advanced Sensor Technologies Research
Subfield: Biomedical Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Psychological factors associated with changes in physical activity in Dutch people with type 2 diabetes under societal lockdown: A cross‐sectional study

Abstract Aims To investigate changes in physical activity (PA) and psychological factors during societal lockdown in people with type 2 diabetes. Methods A cross‐sectional study among Dutch adults with type 2 diabetes. Data were collected using online questionnaires. A multivariate multinomial logistic regression was performed with change in PA during societal lockdown as outcome and perceived change in stress, anxiety, perceived risk for COVID‐19 infection, emotional well‐being and former PA status as determinants. Results Five hundred and sixty seven respondents filled out the questionnaire, 536 were included in the final analysis: mean age of 65.9 ± 7.9 years; mean diabetes duration 13.3 ± 8 years; 54% men; 47% reported no change in PA, 27% became less active and 26% became more active during societal lockdown. Participants who were more likely to become less active were participants who experienced more stress (OR: 2.27; 95% CI 1.25–4.13) or less stress (OR: 2.20; 95% CI 1.03–4.71). Participants who were more likely to become more active were participants who experienced more stress (OR: 2.31; 95% CI 1.25, 4.26). Participants with higher emotional well‐being (OR: 0.98; 95% CI 0.97, 0.99) were less likely to become less active than to report no change in PA. Conclusions Changes in PA in people with type 2 diabetes during societal lockdown are associated with changes in psychological factors such as perceived stress and emotional well‐being. People with diabetes and their caregivers should be aware of these possible changes.

Topic: COVID-19 and Mental Health
Subfield: Clinical Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Autonomous Air Duct Cleaning Robot System

This paper presents a new type of autonomous air duct cleaning robot system, which consists of three devices: the monitor and control device, the remote robot and the dust collection device. The control principle and structure design of the proposed robot system are introduced. The guiding device is proposed and designed to ensure the remote robot to move in straight route and turn automatically at corner. The control mechanisms of the remote robot and the rotating brush device are described in detail. In this paper, the 3D model of the remote robot is created and the assembly analysis is accomplished using Pro/E. Finally, a prototype of the rotating brush device is made manually to test the cleaning effect of the proposed robot system.

Topic: Power Line Inspection Robots
Subfield: Mechanical Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Graph Contrastive Learning Incorporating Multi-influence and Preference for Social Recommendation

At present,social recommendation methods based on graph neural network mainly alleviate the cold start problem by jointly modeling the explicit and implicit relationships of social information and interactive information.Although these methods aggregate social relations and user-item interaction relations well,they ignore that the higher-order implicit relations do not have the same impacts on each user.And these supervised methods are susceptible to popularity bias.In addition,these methods mainly focus on the collaborative function between users and items,but do not make full use of the similarity relations between items.Therefore,this paper proposes a social recommendation algorithm (SocGCL) that incorporates multiple influences and prefe-rences into graph contrastive learning.On the one hand,a fusion mechanism for nodes(users and items) and a fusion mechanism for graphs are introduced,taking into account the similarity relations between items.The fusion mechanism for nodes distinguishes the different impacts of different nodes in the graph on the target node,while the fusion mechanism for graphs aggregates the node embedding representations of multiple graphs.On the other hand,by adding random noise for cross-layer graph contrastive learning,the cold start problem and popularity bias of social recommendation can be effectively alleviated.Experimental results on two real-world datasets show that SocGCL outperforms the baselines and effectively improves the performance of social recommendation.

Topic: Coastal wetland ecosystem dynamics
Subfield: Ecology
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Hungarian Nationalism in Orbán’s Era: The Case of Martfű

Abstract Based on the discursive analysis of 28 semidirected interviews conducted in the small industrial town of Martfű, this article reflects on the role played by nationalism in the construction of political and cultural hegemony by Viktor Orbán’s Fidesz , Hungary’s ruling party since 2010. The ten themes mobilised by the respondents to express their vision of the Hungarian nation (identification, belonging, commitment, transmission, territory, uniqueness/fragility, heterogeneity/homogeneity, unity/division, east/west, and insubordination) and the issues attached to them (relationship to Hungarian minorities of neighbouring countries, relationship to the European Union, immigration, etc.) are paralleled with Fidesz’s discourse. On those subjects, Orbán’s party’s nationalism positions itself in a “central” way, managing to incarnate heterogeneous conceptions of the nation that are shared among this research’s respondents by Fidesz as well as non- Fidesz voters.

Topic: European Union Policy and Governance
Subfield: Political Science and International Relations
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
China's Coming Central Military Commission: Leadership Change and Political Implications

China's Central Military Commission (CMC) will witness another round of generational change at the forthcoming Eighteenth National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party in 2012. Hu Jintao and Xi Jinping would remain top leaders of the CMC and seven members are likely to be replaced. Although the new military leadership is unlikely to alter civil-military relationship, the emergence of princeling generals would tip the balance in favour of the gun.

Topic: Defense, Military, and Policy Studies
Subfield: Economics and Econometrics
Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance
Domain: Social Sciences
Xanthan gum protects temporomandibular chondrocytes from IL‑1β through Pin1/NF‑κB signaling pathway

Temporomandibular disorder (TMD) is a complicated and multi‑factorial disease related to inflammation and cartilage destruction. Intra‑articular injection of xanthan gum (XG) has been demonstrated to protect the joint cartilage and reduce osteoarthritis progression. However, the role and mechanism of XG in TMD is still unclear. In the present study, chondrocytes were isolated from rats and identified by immunofluorescence. Cells were stimulated by XG or interleukin (IL)‑1β. Cell viability was analyzed by MTT assay. Tumor necrosis factor α (TNF‑α) and IL‑6 levels were determined by ELISA. The expression of monocyte chemoattractive protein‑1 (MCP‑1), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), collagens, matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), peptidyl‑prolyl isomerase 1 (Pin1) and phosphorylated nuclear factor κB (NF‑κB) p65 (p‑p65) was analyzed by quantitative PCR or western blotting. MMP activity was assessed by gelatin zymography. Compared with the control, XG treatment partially reversed the IL‑1β‑reduced cell viability. In addition, IL‑1β stimulation increased inflammatory cytokine expression, including TNF‑α, IL‑6 secretion, MCP‑1 and iNOS expression, whereas XG treatment reduced the expression of these inflammatory cytokines compared with that of the IL‑1β‑stimulated cells. Additionally, XG increased the expression of collagen, but reduced MMP expression and activity as compared with that in the IL‑1β group. In addition, XG treatment prevented the IL‑1β‑increased Pin1 and p‑p65 expression. These data suggested that XG reduced the expression of inflammatory cytokines and may maintain the balance between collagens and MMPs partially through the Pin1/NF‑κB signaling pathway in IL‑1β‑stimulated temporomandibular chondrocytes. Therefore, XG may be useful in the treatment of TMD.

Topic: NF-κB Signaling Pathways
Subfield: Cancer Research
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Supplementary_Methods from LNMICC Promotes Nodal Metastasis of Cervical Cancer by Reprogramming Fatty Acid Metabolism

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary_Methods show the detailed experimental methods used in our paper.&lt;/p&gt;

Topic: Cancer, Lipids, and Metabolism
Subfield: Cancer Research
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
PERAN INKUBATOR BISNIS PERGURUAN TINGGI DALAM PENINGKATAN KINERJA USAHA UKM PANGAN

Businesses in food processing plays an important role in the national economy. Facing the ASEAN Economic Community (AEC), the performance of the food SMEs needs to be improved in order to compete in the ASEAN region. One of the institutions that play a role in nurturing the business SMEs is Business Incubators. This study aimed to assess the performance of University Business Incubators in nurturing the incubator tenants and to assess the effect of incubation program on the performance of Food SMEs tenants. Research was conducted at several Business Incubators belong to universities by interviewing managers and tenants of the Business Incubators that have focus on the food processing sector. Data were analyzed using balanced scorecard (BSC). The results showed that most of the University Business Incubators have sufficient performances (75) and only a small portion performs well (17) and excellent (8). Business Incubators in general have several limitations such as limitations in process, quality, and facility in incubation program, low efficiency and financial independence. Business Incubators have contributed in improving the business performance of the tenants by increasing the number of labor, the turnover, the market region, and the access to financial sources.

Topic: SMEs Development and Digital Marketing
Subfield: Demography
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Uji Efektivitas Antihiperglikemia Ekstrak Daun Puring (Codiaeum variegatum) Terhadap Mencit Jantan (Mus musculus L.)

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disease due to insulin secretion disorders due to pancreatic cell damage. Puring plants (Codiaeum variegatum) in Indonesia are more identical as cemetery plants and garden decorations. The purpose of this study was to see the antihyperglycemic effect of croton leaf extract. This study was conducted by making croton leaf extract, phytochemical screening, and antihyperglycemia testing by observing the decrease in blood glucose levels in mice induced by alloxan. Based on the results of phytochemical tests, croton leaves contain compounds such as flavonoids, terpenoids, phenolics, saponins, and alkaloids. The flavonoid content found in plants has a role as an antihyperglycemic compound and antioxidant. The results of the study were analyzed by One Way ANOVA for the percentage parameter of blood glucose reduction and continued with the Tukey post hoc test. The results of observations showed that the administration of croton leaf extract in reducing blood glucose levels at a dose of 300 mg/kgBW, and showed no significant difference with the positive control group. The conclusion of this study is that a dose of 300 mg/kgBW of croton leaf extract is the best dose in reducing blood glucose levels in mice.

Topic: Medicinal Plant Research
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
ZETA FUNCTIONS FOR HIGHER-DIMENSIONAL SHIFTS OF FINITE TYPE

This work investigates zeta functions for d-dimensional shifts of finite type, d ≥ 3. First, the three-dimensional case is studied. The trace operator T a 1 ,a 2 ;b 12 and rotational matrices R x;a 1 ,a 2 ;b 12 and R y;a 1 ,a 2 ;b 12 are introduced to study [Formula: see text] -periodic patterns. The rotational symmetry of T a 1 ,a 2 ;b 12 induces the reduced trace operator τ a 1 ,a 2 ;b 12 and then the associated zeta function ζ a 1 ,a 2 ;b 12 = ( det (I-s a 1 a 2 τ a 1 ,a 2 ;b 12 )) -1 . The zeta function ζ is then expressed as [Formula: see text], a reciprocal of an infinite product of polynomials. The results hold for any inclined coordinates, determined by unimodular transformation in GL 3 (ℤ). Hence, a family of zeta functions exists with the same integer coefficients in their Taylor series expansions at the origin, and yields a family of identities in number theory. The methods used herein are also valid for d-dimensional cases, d ≥ 4, and can be applied to thermodynamic zeta functions for the three-dimensional Ising model with finite range interactions.

Topic: Nonlinear Dynamics and Pattern Formation
Subfield: Computer Networks and Communications
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Study of competitive interactions between ectomycorrhizal and saprotrophic fungi and its effects on chestnut tree performance

European chestnut tree (Castanea sativa Mill.), as fruit and wood producers, have a great economic importance in Trás-os-Montes region (Northeast of Portugal). In this agro-ecosystem, the Hypholoma fasciculare and the Pisolithus tinctorius are the most commonest fungi among the saprophytic and mycorrhizal trophic groups, respectively. Although, interactions between ectomycorrhizal and saprotrophic fungi have been previously observed, their effects on plant growth and health are scarcely known. Therefore, the aim of the present work was to assess the effect of the interaction between P. tinctorius and H. fasciculare on growth, nutritional status and physiology of C. sativa seedlings. In pot experiments, C. sativa seedlings were inoculated with P. tinctorius and H. fasciculare individually or in combination. Plants inoculated with P. tinctorius showed a higher growth and an increased foliar-N, -P, and photosynthetic pigment contents. These effects were suppressed when H. fasciculare was simultaneously applied with P. tinctorius. However, when plants were inoculated with P. tinctorius and after 30 days with H. fasciculare the same parameter values were very close to those from plants only inoculated with P. tinctorius. These results are most probably due to the interaction between P. tinctorius and C. sativa roots and the ability of mycorrhizae formation before H. fasciculare application. Once formed, the chestnut seedlings are able to take advantage from the mycorrhizal association. This work confirms the antagonistic interaction between ectomycorrhizal and saprotrophic fungi and demonstrates that fungal interactions affect the physiological processes of the ectomycorrhizal host.

Topic: Plant and Fungal Interactions Research
Subfield: Endocrinology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
UK quantitative WB-DWI technical workgroup: consensus meeting recommendations on optimisation, quality control, processing and analysis of quantitative whole-body diffusion-weighted imaging for cancer

Objective: Application of whole body diffusion-weighted MRI (WB-DWI) for oncology are rapidly increasing within both research and routine clinical domains. However, WB-DWI as a quantitative imaging biomarker (QIB) has significantly slower adoption. To date, challenges relating to accuracy and reproducibility, essential criteria for a good QIB, have limited widespread clinical translation. In recognition, a UK workgroup was established in 2016 to provide technical consensus guidelines (to maximise accuracy and reproducibility of WB-MRI QIBs) and accelerate the clinical translation of quantitative WB-DWI applications for oncology. Methods: A panel of experts convened from cancer centres around the UK with subspecialty expertise in quantitative imaging and/or the use of WB-MRI with DWI. A formal consensus method was used to obtain consensus agreement regarding best practice. Questions were asked about the appropriateness or otherwise on scanner hardware and software, sequence optimisation, acquisition protocols, reporting, and ongoing quality control programs to monitor precision and accuracy and agreement on quality control. Results: The consensus panel was able to reach consensus on 73% (255/351) items and based on consensus areas made recommendations to maximise accuracy and reproducibly of quantitative WB-DWI studies performed at 1.5T. The panel were unable to reach consensus on the majority of items related to quantitative WB-DWI performed at 3T. Conclusion: This UK Quantitative WB-DWI Technical Workgroup consensus provides guidance on maximising accuracy and reproducibly of quantitative WB-DWI for oncology. The consensus guidance can be used by researchers and clinicians to harmonise WB-DWI protocols which will accelerate clinical translation of WB-DWI-derived QIBs.

Topic: MRI in cancer diagnosis
Subfield: Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Study of Cases Filed Under Consumer Protection Act at an Apex Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital in India

Introduction: The doctor-patient relationship is one of the most unique and privileged relations and in our country, it has been complicated over the past few decades. The Consumer protection Act 1986& its Medical Profession related Provisions of 1995 is a unique legislation which provides for speedy and economical redressal in a simple manner. Objectives: To identify and describe the issues which have a direct or indirect bearing in the filing of these cases. To analyze role/ responsibility of respondents and asses the status of cases. Material and method: Retrospective study of CPA cases of ten years from the year 1998 to 2007 was done and there analysis was done. All current cases of alleged medical negligence were studied as motioned below. a) Case files in establishment section (legal cell) including complaints and legal notices were retrieved, reviewed and analyzed. b) Case sheets and discharge summary in admitted patients were reviewed. c) Outpatient and casualty records in selected cases wherever required were referred. Results: The total numbers of cases was found to be sixteen. Case filling distribution was made as per District Forum, State consumer Disputes Redressal (SCDR) Commission and National consumer Disputes Redressal (NCDR) Commission and was 4, 7 and 5 respectively. Study showed more cases were from surgery department. Role and responsibility analysis showed that 3 cases were direct responsibility, 12 cases were joint responsibility and 6 cases were shared responsibility. Status of cases showed that 15 cases were pending in forum and commissions. Conclusion: The prime object of the Medical Profession is to render service to humanity; reward in the shape of material term or anything is a subordinate consideration. Gradually doctors are realizing that CPA may be beneficial in the long run. There would be more trust and transparency in doctorpatient relationship. Expected outcomes of studied cases filed against AIIMS of the topic are likely to be decided in favour of AIIMS.

Topic: Medical Malpractice and Liability Issues
Subfield: Pharmacy
Field: Health Professions
Domain: Health Sciences