jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Combined treatment with erythropoietin and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor enhances neovascularization and improves cardiac function after myocardial infarction

Background Erythropoietin (EPO) and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) are both potential novel therapeutics for use after myocardial infarction (MI). However, their underlying mechanisms remain unclear and the efficacy of monotherapy with EPO or G-CSF is also controversial. Therefore, we investigated the effects of combined treatment with EPO and G-CSF on neovascularization and cardiac function in post-infarction rats and explored the potential mechanisms. Methods Four groups of rats were used: control (saline injection after MI, i.h.), EPO (a single dose of 5 000 IU/kg after MI, i.h.), G-CSF (a dose of 50 μg· kg -1 · d -1 for 5 days after MI, i.h.), and both EPO and G-CSF (EPO+G-CSF, using the same regiment as above). Cardiac function was assessed by echocardiography before and 1 day, 7 days, 14 days and 21 days after MI. CD34 + /Flk-1 + cells in the peripheral blood were evaluated by flow cytometry before and 3 days, 5 days and 7 days after MI. The infarct area and angiogenesis in the peri-infarct area were analyzed. The mRNA and protein expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and stromal-derived factor-1α (SDF-1α) in the peri-infarct area were detected by real-time quantitative RT-PCR and Western blotting. Results Compared with the control and monotherapy groups, the EPO+G-CSF group had significantly increased CD34+/Flk-1+ endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) in the peripheral blood ( P &lt;0.05), up-regulated VEGF and SDF-1α levels in the peri-infarct region ( P &lt;0.05), enhanced capillary density ( P &lt;0.05), reduced infarct size ( P &lt;0.05) and improved cardiac structure and function ( P &lt;0.05). G-CSF alone did not dramatically increase EPCs in the peripheral blood, enhance capillary density in the peri-infarct area or reduce infarct size compared with the control group. Conclusions Combined treatment with EPO and G-CSF increased EPCs mobilization, up-regulated VEGF and SDF-1α levels in the post-infarction microenvironment, subsequently enhanced neovascularization in the peri-infarct region and reduced infarct size. All factors contributed to its beneficial effects on cardiac function in post-infarction rats.

Topic: Angiogenesis and VEGF in Cancer
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Validity of certified trainer-palpated and exercise-palpated post-exercise heart rate

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the ability of certified fitness trainers and exercisers to accurately palpate post-exercise heart rate (HR). Immediately after completing a 3-min step test, 20 trainers (29.4 Â± 5.7 yrs; 8 males, 12 females) palpated the radial artery of 20 exercisers (31.8 Â± 9.6 yrs; 10 males, 10 females) who simultaneously palpated their carotid artery. The post-exercise HR obtained by the trainers (134.0 Â± 38.1 beatsÂ·min-1) and the exercisers (140.2 Â± 25.2 beatsÂ·min-1) were not significantly different (P = 0.224) from the HR monitor (149.7 Â± 18.5 beatsÂ·min-1). While the post-exercise HR palpated by both the certified fitness trainers and the exercisers were close to the monitored values, the trainers were no more accurate than the exercisers. Moreover, there was substantial variability in accuracy for both the trainers and the exercisers. Due to the large variability in determining HR, the ability of both the certified fitness trainers and the exercisers to accurately assess post-exercise HR is questionable. Thus, we suggest that a HR monitor or an ECG recording should be used when the HR measurement is of paramount importance.

Topic: Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
Subfield: Complementary and alternative medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Induction of the synthesis of an additional family of long-chain dolichols in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Effect of starvation and ageing.

The yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain W303 synthesizes in the early logarithmic phase of growth dolichols of 14-18 isoprene residues. The analysis of the polyisoprenoids present in the stationary phase revealed an additional family which proved to be also dolichols but of 19-24 isoprene residues, constituting 39% of the total dolichols. The transfer of early logarithmic phase cells to a starvation medium lacking glucose or nitrogen resulted in the synthesis of the longer chain dolichols. The additional family of dolichols represented 13.8% and 10.3% of total dolichols in the glucose and nitrogen deficient media, respectively. The level of dolichols in yeast cells increased with the age of the cultures. Since both families of dolichols are present in stationary phase cells we postulate that the longer chain dolichols may be responsible for the physico-chemical changes in cellular membranes allowing yeast cells to adapt to nutrient deficient conditions to maintain long-term viability.

Topic: Plant biochemistry and biosynthesis
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Economic Development, Human Rights ‐ and the Omelette Thesis

People Matter — Views on International Human Rights Policy. By Theo van Boven, collected and introduced by Hans Thoolen. Amsterdam: Meulenhoff, 1982. 186pp. Development, Human Rights and the Rule of Law: Report of a Conference held in The Hague, 27 April‐1 May 1981, convened by the International Commission of Jurists. Oxford: Pergamon Press, 1982. 237pp.

Topic: Human Rights and Development
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
First SPG48 case report in India with a novel mutation

The hereditary spastic paraplegias (HSP) are a large group of inherited neurologic disorders that share the primary symptom of difficulty in walking due to weakness and spasticity in the lower limbs. Spastic paraplegia-48 (SPG48) is an autosomal recessive neurologic disorder characterized by spasticity of the lower limbs resulting in gait difficulties. Biallelic mutations in AP5Z1 are known to cause this complex form of hereditary spastic paraplegia (HSP) referred to as SPG48 (MIM#613647). Most patients have onset in mid- or late-adulthood, although childhood onset has been reported in 1 patient. Additional features may include parkinsonism, urinary incontinence, neuropathy, and mild cognitive impairment. We report a 49-year-old male with SPG48 with a novel mutation. This is the first SPG48 case report in an Indian patient and to the best of our knowledge this mutation is the first to be reported worldwide.

Topic: Hereditary Neurological Disorders
Subfield: Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences
Environmental factors controlling fluxes of dimethyl sulfide in a New Hampshire fen

The major environmental factors controlling fluxes of dimethyl sulfide (DMS) in a Sphagnum-dominated peatland were investigated in a poor fen in New Hampshire. DMS emissions from the surface of the peatland varied greatly over 24 hours and seasonally. Maximum DMS emissions occurred in summer with minima in the late fall. Temperature was the major environmental factor controlling these variabilities. There was also some evidence that the changes in water table height might have contributed to the seasonable variability in DMS emission. The influence of the water table was greater during periods of elevated temperature. DMS and MSH were the most abundant dissolved volatile sulfur compound (VSC) in the surface of the water table. Concentrations of dissolved VSC's varied with time and space throughout the fen. Dissolved MDS, MSH, and OCS in the surface of the water table were supersaturated with respect to their concentrations in the atmosphere suggesting that the peat surface was a source of VSC's in the peatland. VCS in peatlands seemed to be produced primarily by microbial processes in the anoxic surface layers of the peat rich in organic matter and inorganic sulfide. Sphagnum mosses were not a direct source of VSC's. However, they increased transport of DMS from the peat surface to the atmosphere.

Topic: Odor and Emission Control Technologies
Subfield: Process Chemistry and Technology
Field: Chemical Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Mikhail Lermontov and his “marginal” interpretations: late 19th and early 20th centuries

The article examines the literary criticism about Mikhail Lermontov. These critical works are written on the border of literary criticism, philosophy and journalism. These critical articles do not belong to the “academic” direction; this criticism can be called provincial. The question of possible reasons why these publications mostly went completely unnoticed by the compilers of the bibliography about Lermontov is highlighted. Furthermore, the importance of “peripheral” publications for understanding the creative heritage of the Russian poet and writer is processed.

Topic: Historical and Modern Theater Studies
Subfield: Clinical Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Developments in the application of Intensive Comprehensive Aphasia Programs: an international survey of practice

Intensive Comprehensive Aphasia Programs (ICAPs) were first described in 2013 with an international survey documenting 12 unique programs. ICAPs involve high dose intervention delivered in both group and individual settings, targeting communication across impairment, functioning, participation, and contextual domains. In this study, we aimed to investigate international growth in ICAPs. We developed a 43-item questionnaire expanding on the original 2013 version to investigate program modifications, activities, protocolised therapies, software and apps, and family involvement. The survey was disseminated to aphasia clinicians and researchers internationally (November 2019–February 2020). Thirty-nine unique respondents completed the survey from nine countries. Twenty-one met the criteria for an ICAP or modified ICAP (mICAP): 14 ICAPs; 7 mICAPs, and 13 of these were new programs. ICAPs differed from mICAPs with greater emphasis on group sessions, use of technology, total communication, advocacy, and art activities. A large range of protocolised therapies were used across programs. An increased focus on mood and psychosocial well-being was observed compared to the 2013 survey. The number and comprehensiveness of ICAPs has grown since 2013 with development of modified versions. Future research should focus on comparative efficacy of ICAPs/mICAPs and other forms of aphasia interventions and factors underpinning growth and sustainability.Implications for RehabilitationClinicians who coordinate or are considering commencing an ICAP in future can use these results to consider the design of their program.Coordinators should carefully consider the components of their ICAPs and advise consumers whether they meet the definition of an ICAP or a mICAP.With the increasing number of ICAPs across the globe, clinicians commencing an ICAP may wish to contact existing ICAPs within their country for advice.Program sustainability may be challenging and these results provide an indication of some of the key challenges coordinators may face. Clinicians who coordinate or are considering commencing an ICAP in future can use these results to consider the design of their program. Coordinators should carefully consider the components of their ICAPs and advise consumers whether they meet the definition of an ICAP or a mICAP. With the increasing number of ICAPs across the globe, clinicians commencing an ICAP may wish to contact existing ICAPs within their country for advice. Program sustainability may be challenging and these results provide an indication of some of the key challenges coordinators may face.

Topic: Neurobiology of Language and Bilingualism
Subfield: Cognitive Neuroscience
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences
Examining Privacy in Blogging from the Reader's Perspective

As new forms of digital communication and social media are used and adopted by various communities, privacy becomes an increasingly more difficult and complex issue. While previous work has studied bloggers' practices with respect to negotiating privacy, little research has been done on the ways in which readers of blogs perceive privacy in blogs. This poster presents results from a qualitative study of blog readers, describing how privacy is connected with contextual appropriateness, personal content, and perceptions of online and offline identity. These results are compared to previous, blogger-oriented findings in order to work towards a more complete understanding of privacy related perceptions and practices in blogging.

Topic: Privacy, Security, and Data Protection
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Quantification of dependencies in electrical and information infrastructures: The CRUTIAL approach

In this paper we present the CRUTIAL approach to model and quantify (inter)dependencies between the Electrical Infrastructure (EI) and the Information Infrastructures (II) that implements the EI control and monitoring system. The quantification is achieved through the integration of two models: one that concentrates more on the structure of the power grid and its physical quantities and one that concentrates on the behaviour of the control system supported by the II. The modelling approach is exemplified on a scenario whose goal is to study the effects of a II partial failure (a denial of service attack that compromises the communication network) on the remote control of the EI.

Topic: Smart Grid Security and Resilience
Subfield: Control and Systems Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Comparability of MMPI-2-RF with the MMPI-2 in assessing psychiatric patients: a shortfall

Assessment of mental health problems with MMPI instruments has a long tradition in Italy beginning in 1948. This study examined how the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory Restructured Form (MMPI-2-RF) compares with MMPI-2 in evaluating Italian psychiatric patients. We obtained a sample of psychiatric inpatients that were referred to the University Hospital in Rome, Italy who were administered the MMPI-2. This study examines the utility of the MMPI-2-RF, and how its performance compares with MMPI-2 scales in this contemporary clinical sample. We examined whether the new MMPI-2-RF scales are sensitive to mental health symptoms that are addressed by the original MMPI scales, and whether the MMPI-2-RF scales are sensitive to gender specific symptoms. These data show the limitations of the MMPI-2-RF in mental health assessment. The MMPI-2-RF scales have little relationship to the traditional MMPI-2 measures and are more highly related to several MMPI-2 content scales; in addition, they have lower sensitivity to mental health problems than the MMPI-2 clinical scales. Finally, the use of nongendered norms in the MMPI-2-RF results in potential interpretive bias since men and women respond differently on a number of scales but are interpreted as equivalent using non-gendered norms.

Topic: Psychosomatic Disorders and Their Treatments
Subfield: Psychiatry and Mental health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Reply: Factors Favorable to Reducing the Learning Curve of Laparoscopic Gastrectomy for Gastric Cancer

Learning Curve of Laparoscopic Gastrectomy 129 surgeons to improve and refine their surgical skills, which helps to reduce the learning curve for laparoscopic surgery for gastric cancer.Lastly, as Kong et al. commented, it is difficult to define the learning curve of laparoscopic total gastrectomy by a single parameter.The operative time, complication rate, and number of retrieved lymph nodes have been used as parameters to measure the learning curve of laparoscopic surgery for gastric cancer. 8,9wever, these factors are not only influenced by the surgeon's ability, but also by the assistant surgeon's experience and ability, as well as patient factors.Thus, no single parameter can be used to measure the learning curve of this surgery.Additionally, increasing popularity and interest in proximal gastrectomy for gastric cancer make it difficult to determine the learning curve of laparoscopic total gastrectomy.Thus, a new statistical model that can consider and integrate these complicated factors is required to quantify the learning curve for surgical procedures.

Topic: Gastric Cancer Management and Outcomes
Subfield: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Bayesian tomography using polynomial chaos expansion and deep generative networks

Implementations of Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) methods need to confront two fundamental challenges: accurate representation of prior information and efficient evaluation of likelihoods. Principal component analysis (PCA) and related techniques can in some cases facilitate the definition and sampling of the prior distribution, as well as the training of accurate surrogate models, using for instance, polynomial chaos expansion (PCE). However, complex geological priors with sharp contrasts necessitate more complex dimensionality-reduction techniques, such as, deep generative models (DGMs). By sampling a low-dimensional prior probability distribution defined in the low-dimensional latent space of such a model, it becomes possible to efficiently sample the physical domain at the price of a generator that is typically highly non-linear. Training a surrogate that is capable of capturing intricate non-linear relationships between latent parameters and outputs of forward modeling presents a notable challenge. Indeed, while PCE models provide high accuracy when the input-output relationship can be effectively approximated by relatively low-degree multivariate polynomials, this condition is typically not met when employing latent variables derived from DGMs. In this contribution, we present a strategy combining the excellent reconstruction performances of a variational autoencoder (VAE) with the accuracy of PCA-PCE surrogate modeling in the context of Bayesian ground penetrating radar (GPR) traveltime tomography. Within the MCMC process, the parametrization of the VAE is leveraged for prior exploration and sample proposals. Concurrently, surrogate modeling is conducted using PCE, which operates on either globally or locally defined principal components of the VAE samples under examination.

Topic: Underwater Acoustics Research
Subfield: Oceanography
Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences
Domain: Physical Sciences
[Relationship between infections of the genitalia and udder in cows].

It was found that the pathogenic and occasionally pathogenic bacteria were readily transmitted in cows, originating from the genital tract, and more specifically from the uterine and vaginal discharge to the udder through the lactogenic route. The study of a total of 183 metritis-affected cows for the presence of Streptococcus uberis revealed that the pathogen could be found in the genital tract and in the udder in 20.7 per cent of the investigated cows, and it could be isolated simultaneously from the two organs in 82.6 per cent of the cases. In another group of cows also affected with metritis the study for the presence of different bacterial agents established coincidence in their simultaneous isolation from the uters and the udder in 61.2 per cent of the cases.

Topic: Milk Quality and Mastitis in Dairy Cows
Subfield: Agronomy and Crop Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
The effects of embryo splitting on <i>Cdx2</i>, <i>Sox2</i>, <i>Oct4</i>, and <i>Nanog</i> gene expression in mouse blastocysts.

It can be concluded that the growth and developmental potency of sister blastocysts derived from split two-cell stage mouse embryos are the same as those of normal blastocysts. So, there are no significant differences in gene expression between the split and non-split groups.

Topic: Pluripotent Stem Cells Research
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Relationship between bone markers and cardiovascular risk factors in healthy Nigerian adults

Background: Osteoporosis and cardiovascular diseases are global public health concerns. Both diseases have been linked through common risk factors and biological mechanisms. Objective: To evaluate the association between bone turnover markers (BTM) and some cardiovascular risk factors among healthy Nigerian adults. Methods: This was a cross-sectional, observational study of 80 healthy participants of less than 50 years of age. Clinical data were obtained through an interviewer-based questionnaire. Fasting blood samples were analysed for Osteocalcin (OC), Total Alkaline phosphatase (ALP), 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OHVitD), Calcium (Ca), Fasting Blood Glucose (FBG). Two-hour postprandial blood glucose (2HPP) Calcium-phosphorus product calculated (CAP) and 24-hour urinary calcium excretion (CaE) were determined. Results: The mean age of the participants was 32.1±5.8 years, mean BMI was 26.3±4.0kg/m2 and the mean waist circumference (WC) was 79.6±16.0cm. OC was directly correlated with ALP (r = 0.4, p = 0.006) but not with CaE (p = 0.8). Serum OC was inversely correlated with age, BMI and WC. ALP was negatively correlated with FBG (r = - 0.3, p = 0.04), 2HPP (r = - 0.65, p = 0.000). Multivariate regression showed that BTMs-OC, ALP and CAE independently predicted BMI, 2HPP, DBP and FBG respectively. Conclusion: This study showed a relationship between bone markers and selected cardiovascular risk factors in Nigerian adults. Therefore, patients with cardiovascular disease may benefit from bone health screening or vice versa.

Topic: Bone health and osteoporosis research
Subfield: Orthopedics and Sports Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Synchronous Observation on the Spontaneous Transformation of Liquid Metal under Free Falling Microgravity Situation

The unusually high surface tension of room temperature liquid metal is molding it as unique material for diverse newly emerging areas. However, unlike its practices on earth, such metal fluid would display very different behaviors when working in space where gravity disappears and surface property dominates the major physics. So far, few direct evidences are available to understand such effect which would impede further exploration of liquid metal use for space. Here to preliminarily probe into this intriguing issue, a low cost experimental strategy to simulate microgravity environment on earth was proposed through adopting bridges with high enough free falling distance as the test platform. Then using digital cameras amounted along x, y, z directions on outside wall of the transparent container with liquid metal and allied solution inside, synchronous observations on the transient flow and transformational activities of liquid metal were performed. Meanwhile, an unmanned aerial vehicle was adopted to record the whole free falling dynamics of the test capsule from the far end which can help justify subsequent experimental procedures. A series of typical fundamental phenomena were thus observed as: (a) A relatively large liquid metal object would spontaneously transform from its original planar pool state into a sphere and float in the container if initiating the free falling; (b) The liquid metal changes its three-dimensional shape due to dynamic microgravity strength due to free falling and rebound of the test capsule; and (c) A quick spatial transformation of liquid metal immersed in the solution can easily be induced via external electrical fields. The mechanisms of the surface tension driven liquid metal actuation in space were interpreted. All these findings indicated that microgravity effect should be fully treated in developing future generation liquid metal space technologies.

Topic: Solidification and crystal growth phenomena
Subfield: Materials Chemistry
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences