jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Cushing's syndrome with adrenal suppression induced by inhaled budesonide due to a ritonavir drug interaction in a woman with HIV infection

A 48-year-old woman with HIV infection developed Cushingoid features while she was taking ritonavir-boosted darunavir. Cushing's syndrome was confirmed due to the drug interaction between ritonavir and budesonide. Diagnosis of iatrogenic Cushing's syndrome in HIV-positive patients who are on ritonavir-boosted protease inhibitors (PIs) presents a clinical challenge due to similar clinical features of lipohypertrophy related to ritonavir-boosted PIs. Although this complication has been widely described with the use of inhaled fluticasone, the interaction with inhaled budesonide at therapeutic dose is not widely recognized.

Topic: Peripheral Neuropathies and Disorders
Subfield: Neurology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
THE PREDICTION OF DELIVERY DATE BY ULTRASONIC MEASUREMENT OF FETAL CROWN‐RUMP LENGTH

Summary The ultrasonic measurement of the fetal crown‐rump length (CRL) in early pregnancy was utilized to predict the date of delivery in 220 patients with reliable menstrual histories and in 186 patients with unreliable menstrual dates who began labour spontaneously. Ninety‐five per cent and 96·2 per cent respectively were delivered within 12 days of the predicted date. The CRL was found to be better than biparietal diameter measurements (p&lt;0·001) and as good as a reliable menstrual history (p&lt;0·5) in predicting the time of spontaneous onset of labour.

Topic: Preterm Birth and Chorioamnionitis
Subfield: Epidemiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Right ventricular free-wall scar: an exceptional source of post-infarction ventricular tachycardia. A case report

Abstract Background In patients with coronary artery disease, ventricular tachycardia (VT) is usually related to left ventricular (LV) post-infarction scars. Case summary A case of a 78-year-old man with post-infarction VT originating from the right ventricular (RV) free wall is described. Following recurrent episodes of VT with left bundle branch block morphology and left superior axis deviation, a patient with prior myocardial infarction was submitted to catheter ablation. Two areas of abnormal bipolar electrograms were observed at 3D electroanatomical mapping: one located at the basal aspect of the posterior and postero-septal LV, and the other one extending from the antero-lateral to the posterior mid-basal RV free wall. Ventricular late potentials (LPs) were recorded within both scars, but only pacing from those located in the RV resulted in long stimulus-to-QRS latency and optimal pace-mapping. Accordingly, this substrate was deemed the culprit of the clinical VT. Radiofrequency catheter ablation aimed at eliminating all LPs recorded from both scars was effective in preventing VT recurrences at follow-up. Discussion A post-infarction RV free-wall scar may exceptionally be responsible of VT occurrence. Right ventricular mapping should be considered in selected cases based on 12-lead electrocardiogram VT morphology and prior RV infarct.

Topic: Cardiac Arrhythmias and Treatments
Subfield: Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Use of phytotherapeutics in dental biofilm control: integrative review

Phytotherapeutics have been used worldwide to combat various pathologies. In Brazil, since 2006, the SUS has made phytotherapeutics available to the population as a preventive and curative method. The benefits of phytotherapeutics are being studied for application in dentistry, based on the anti-inflammatory and antibacterial actions of certain plants. Based on the documented benefits of this group of medications, this study aims to answer the following guiding question: "Are phytotherapeutics effective in controlling dental biofilm?" To address this question, an integrative review was conducted using the databases Periódicos Capes, Lilacs, Scielo, BVS, and ARCA, with inclusion criteria being works published in Portuguese, English, and Spanish from 2012 to 2022, using the descriptors Phytotherapy, Dentistry, and Biofilm. It is concluded that phytotherapeutics show significant results in controlling dental biofilm. The Brazilian flora, rich in plant diversity, offers ample possibilities for new studies in combating dental pathologies.

Topic: Phytochemistry Medicinal Plant Applications
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Effect of Source on the Properties and Behavior of Cellulose Nanocrystal Suspensions

Sulfuric acid hydrolysis of native cellulose fibers results in colloidally stable suspensions of cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs). We have investigated the effect of the cellulose source on the suspension properties of CNCs extracted from cotton and wood sources using a comparable preparation strategy. The structural properties were revealed to be similar within the given standard deviation and prevalent polydispersity, whereas other properties such as liquid crystalline phase behavior, viscosity, diffusion coefficients, and surface tension were found to differ significantly. This study shows that ostensibly similar suspensions may exhibit rather differing behaviors and attempts to interpret this phenomenon. This finding shows that full characterization and a detailed description of the preparation of the nanocrystals used in publications are extremely important and should be reported in detail in all instances.

Topic: Advanced Cellulose Research Studies
Subfield: Biomaterials
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
INFLUENCE OF PRE-SOWING TREATMENT OF SEED AND EXTRA-ROOT NUTRITION ON THE FORMATION OF SYMBIOTIC PRODUCTIVITY OF PEA CROPS

Nitrogen fixation is one of the most important fundamental processes in crop production, which ensures nitrogen circulation in nature, which affects the biological productivity of plants. The intensity of the symbiotic process and the duration of its work are one of the main factors in shaping the productivity of leguminous plants, and as a result, their yield level. When developing modern intensive pea cultivation technology, the key task is to create the most optimal conditions for the formation of a powerful symbiotic potential, long-term active work of nodule bacteria and accumulation of a high level of biological nitrogen. This scientific work summarizes the results of field research on the effect of the Anderiz inoculant developed on the basis of active strains of nodule bacteria Rhizobium leguminosarum, the mycorrhiza-forming drug Mycofriend created on the basis of Glomus sp. and complex fertilizer based on potassium humate with Gumifrend microorganisms on the symbiotic productivity of pea crops for their varied use, namely on the number of active nodules on plant roots, the formation of active symbiotic potential and the amount of biologically fixed nitrogen. Field research was carried out during 2019-2021 in the conditions of the experimental field of the Agronomic Research Center of VNA on gray forest medium-loamy soils. Based on the results of the research and the analysis of the obtained data, it was established that the most productive was the variant of the experiment that provided for the pre-sowing treatment of seeds with the inoculant Anderiz (2.0 l/t) in combination with the mycorrhizal preparation Mycofriend (1.5 l/t) and two foliar top dressings with a complex fertilizer on the basis of Gumifrend potassium humate (1.0 l/ha) on the background of mineral fertilizer N30Р60К60. On this variant, the formation of the maximum amount of biologically fixed nitrogen in the experiment was recorded in the Deviz variety - 48.6 kg/ha and in the Tsarevich variety - 56.3 kg/ha.

Topic: Legume Nitrogen Fixing Symbiosis
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Occurrence of Diseases on Muga Silkworm Host Plant Species<i>Litsea monopetala</i>Roxb. Under Prevailing Weather Conditions during Different Seasons in District Bageshwar, Uttarakhand

Muga silk is cultivated through rearing of the insect silkworm Antheraea assamensis Helfer on the leaves of its host plant Litsea monopetala Roxb. under open weather conditions. During the course of development, the host plants of silkworm are found prone to various diseases. The leaves of host plants because of disease infection become unpalatable for the muga silkworms which ultimately affects on quality and quantity of muga silk production. In the present study, during the year 2012 and 2013, a survey on foliar diseases on the muga silkworm primary host plant L. monopetala Roxb. was carried out in District Bageshwar of Uttarakhand, India and recorded greatest foliar damage (FD) and per cent disease index (PDI) because of the diseases that is red rust (Cephaleuros sp.) FD 19.02% and PDI 11.98, leaf spot (Phyllosticta sp.) FD 7.14% and PDI 5.28, brown blight (Colletotrichum gloeosporioides Penz.) FD 11.63% and PDI 7.31% and grey blight [Pestalotiopsis theae (Thuem.) Stey.] FD 9.30% and PDI 7.11% and others during August-October on the host plant species under open weather during respective years.

Topic: Silkworms and Sericulture Research
Subfield: Insect Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
IL-6-Mediated Upregulated miRNAs in Extracellular Vesicles Derived from Lund Human Mesencephalic (LUHMES) Cells: Effects on Astrocytes and Microglia

Psychological stress plays a major role in depression, and interleukin-6 (IL-6) is elevated during depression and psychological stress. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) in extracellular vesicles (EVs), including exosomes and microvesicles, suppress mRNA expression in other cells when endocytosed. In this study, we analyzed the effect of IL-6 on EVs secreted by neural precursor cells. Cells from the human immortalized neural precursor cell line LUHMES were treated with IL-6. EVs were collected using a nanofiltration method. We then analyzed the uptake of LUHMES-derived EVs by astrocytes (ACs) and microglia (MG). Microarray analysis of miRNAs was performed using EV-incorporated RNA and intracellular RNA from ACs and MG to search for increased numbers of miRNAs. We applied the miRNAs to ACs and MG, and examined the cells for suppressed mRNAs. IL-6 increased several miRNAs in the EVs. Three of these miRNAs were originally low in ACs and MG (hsa-miR-135a-3p, hsa-miR-6790-3p, and hsa-miR-11399). In ACs and MG, hsa-miR-6790-3p and hsa-miR-11399 suppressed four mRNAs involved in nerve regeneration (NREP, KCTD12, LLPH, and CTNND1). IL-6 altered the types of miRNAs in EVs derived from neural precursor cells, by which mRNAs involved in nerve regeneration were decreased in ACs and MG. These findings provide new insights into the involvement of IL-6 in stress and depression.

Topic: Extracellular vesicles in disease
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Details of Repatriation Procedure

Article 119 supplements Article 118 by setting out the procedure for the release and repatriation of prisoners of war after the cessation of active hostilities. These two articles deal with different situations from those addressed in Articles 109–117, which contain rules on the direct repatriation or accommodation in neutral countries of prisoners of war during hostilities.

Topic: European and International Law Studies
Subfield: Political Science and International Relations
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Feasibility of Low Molecular Weight Organic Acids in Enhancing Phytoextraction of Cadmium from Soils with Tobacco(Nicotiana tabacum L.)

A pot experiment was conducted to investigate the feasibility of three low molecular weight acids(LMWOA) including tartaric acid,citric acid and oxalic acid in enhancing phytoextraction of cadmium from soils with tobacco(Nicotiana tabacum L.).Three kinds of LMWOA could decrease soil pH,consequently increased the availability of cadmium in soils.The translocation of cadmium in tobacco was inhibited by tartaric acid-and oxalic acid-treatments,and citric acid treatment in neutral soil,but was promoted by citric acid treatment in acid soil.LMWOA at the rate of 31.25 mmol/kg increased the shoot weight of tobacco.At this rate,cadmium accumulation in the shoot of tobacco increased by 42.95% and 28.67%,respectively,on citric acid-and oxalic acid-treated acid soil,while increased by 40.91% on citric acid-treated neutral soil.All tartaric acid treatment decreased cadmium accumulation in tobacco shoot.These results illustrated that citric acid and oxalic acid at the rate of 31.25 mmol/kg could enhance cadmium extraction from soils with tobacco.However,to obtain equal extraction efficiency as that of EDTA,the amounts of the two kinds of LMWOA have to be increased.It was suggested that LMWOA be unsuitable to enhance extraction of cadmium from soil with tobacco.

Topic: Heavy metals in environment
Subfield: Pollution
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Replication Data for: The Divide Over Independence: Explaining Preferences for Secession in an Advanced Open Economy

Anticipated trade, insurance, and ﬁscal shocks from independence structure preferences for secession independently from nonmaterial considerations. To test this claim, we draw from an original survey conducted in Catalonia before the 2017 regional election, which followed a suspended declaration of independence. Trade shocks produce differential effects depending on market specialization: Respondents working in sectors and at ﬁrms specializing in the host state market disproportionately oppose secession, whereas those specializing in foreign markets show no aversion to independence. Exclusion from public insurance strengthens preference for secession among the long-term unemployed. Support for secession also increases with skill levels but not because of expected postindependence factor returns. The skilled population show better understanding of the institutional design of interterritorial redistribution. In a context of autonomy retraction, this group is more skeptical of the accommodation of regional demands within the union. Overall, this article advances an individual-level materialistic approach to the study of secession politics.

Topic: Economic Policies and Impacts
Subfield: Economics and Econometrics
Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance
Domain: Social Sciences
Issues for apprenticeship training in Australia

This article considers some of the major issues and alternatives facing apprenticeship training in Australia. Taking apprenticeships as vocational training for specific trade occupations, issues including the distribution of costs and benefits, apprentice wages, the role of government, the impact of financial subsidies, and other factors affecting apprentice recruitment are discussed. Viewed in the context of the wider, entry-level vocational education and training system, fundamental differences exist between the Australian apprenticeship system and the models of the German-speaking countries, in which apprenticeships offer more general VET and structured pathways to higher learning.

Topic: Education Systems and Policy
Subfield: Education
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Histomorphometric analysis of sclerotic bone from idiopathic myeloid metaplasia (nine cases)

Abstract The osteosclerosis of idiopathic myeloid metaplasia was investigated by a histodynamic study of undecalcified bone from nine patients. In all cases osteosclerosis resulted from woven bone formation. In moderate osteosclerosis only intrabecular woven bone was observed, with osteoclastic hyperresorption, hyperosteoidosis with many osteoblasts, and an increased calcification rate. This may represent an early stage of the disease, osteosclerosis resulting from increased bone remodelling, with woven bone formation by osteoblasts. However, in extensive osteosclerosis both intratrabecular and medullary woven bone was observed, with moderate osteoclastic hyperresorption, hyperosteoidosis without osteoblasts and a very low calcification rate. The latter pattern could correspond to an advanced stage, and could result from stromal bone formation without osteoblasts. The classical histodynamic profile of osteomalacia was sometimes observed. The link between bone pain and possible osteomalacia remains vague.

Topic: Myeloproliferative Neoplasms: Diagnosis and Treatment
Subfield: Genetics
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Graphene nanoribbons: Relevance of etching process

Most graphene nanoribbons in the experimental literature are patterned using plasma etching. Various etching processes induce different types of defects and do not necessarily result in the same electronic and structural ribbon properties. This study focuses on two frequently used etching techniques, namely, O2 plasma ashing and O2 + Ar reactive ion etching (RIE). O2 plasma ashing represents an alternative to RIE physical etching for sensitive substrates, as it is a more gentle chemical process. We find that plasma ashing creates defective graphene in the exposed trenches, resulting in instabilities in the ribbon transport. These are probably caused by more or larger localized states at the edges of the ashed device compared to the RIE defined device.

Topic: Graphene research and applications
Subfield: Materials Chemistry
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
European Integration: Politics of Opportunity for Hungarian Women

Reviewing the literature on gender equality in Eastern Europe by Eastern European authors &#13;\nthe first impression is the striking absence of analyses on EU gender mainstreaming policy. Besides the government sponsored translations of EU laws, and descriptive hence self assuring official governmental reports there are very few pro-active works which might consider the mutual implication of EU enlargement as far as the implementation of norm of gender equality is concerned. As after the enlargement process the external becomes internal, it also means the complex realities of post socialist gender relations will be contributing to the already pressing uncertainties and inconsistencies of EU gender equality norms and will challenge the provisional facilitating instruments. Exporting EU gender equality policies to Eastwards means that EU policy makers assume that these policies are adequate and the only acceptable means to achieve to desire gender equality in the East. The paper analyses the process of policy transfer and the consequences of the de jure legal harmonization. Also the comparison how gender equality policy is implemented in the EU and in Hungary in the policy areas might answer to the question if gender equality values are different from other values.

Topic: Social Policy and Reform Studies
Subfield: Political Science and International Relations
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Ulpian, Natural law and Stoic influence

Abstract Ulpian's statement in the first text of the Digest that natural law is part of private law is genuine and his view that humans share natural law with animals is influenced by Stoic philosophy, as is his cosmopolitan outlook. The recognition of natural law as a source of law in the Severan age formalised what had long been the case.

Topic: Classical Antiquity Studies
Subfield: Anthropology
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Attempts at Use of Strychnine Sulfate in the Treatment of Nonketotic Hyperglycinemia

In two cases of nonketotic hyperglycinemia treated from early ages with strychnine sulphate, the patients demonstrated persistent severe psychomotor retardation and seizures. Strychnine therapy improved tone and feeding, but did not seem to alter fundamentally the course of the disease in either patient.

Topic: Metabolism and Genetic Disorders
Subfield: Clinical Biochemistry
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
A Case of Euglycemic Diabetic Ketoacidosis Following Long-term Empagliflozin Therapy

In 2015, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) released a statement associating the use of sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors and the incidence of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) in cases with relatively normal or mildly elevated glucose levels (euglycemic DKA [euDKA]) (1). This warning along with a review of more recent publications reveals possible triggers of this complication (2–4). Our report highlights a case of euDKA in a patient with type 2 diabetes, after over 6 months of empagliflozin treatment, presenting in respiratory alkalosis with krill oil use as a possible precipitating factor.

A 57-year-old man with a 10-year history of type 2 diabetes presented to the emergency room with lightheadedness. He had been using empagliflozin alone for 189 days, decreasing his HbA1c from 7.0% …

Topic: Diabetes and associated disorders
Subfield: Genetics
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
High temperature continuous wave operation of Sb-based monolithic EP-VCSEL with Selectively Etched Tunnel-Junction Apertures

We report on a monolithic Sb-based Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Laser operating at CW up to 70°C. The structure is made of two AlAsSb/GaSb mirrors, type-I InGaAsSb/AlGaAsSb wells and an InAs/GaSb tunnel junction. By selectively under-etching this tunnel junction, we improve the VCSEL performances and demonstrate low threshold current and high temperature continuous wave operation.

Topic: Semiconductor Lasers and Optical Devices
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Importance of Legumes, Especially The Trifolium Species, in Range Improvement

This paper analyzes the most important characteristics of legumes, which have led to their utilization in range improvement all over the world. It emphasizes the Trifolium spp. (esteemed among the legume family), their contributions to soil a n d forage improvement, and the success obtained from their utilization, especially in semi-arid ranges. Many references originally from Australia, United States, Morocco, and Portugal were used as sources of data because of the ample utilization of these species in these countries. Careful analysis related to requirements, potentialities, and production of clovers were used and recommendations were made for different ecological areas where establishment could be a success.

Topic: Botany and Plant Ecology Studies
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Survey of image classification models for transfer learning

Training models for image classification is a very time-consuming task. It has always been a challenge for researchers and practitioners to train a model partly because of the large dataset required, which is complex and sometimes almost impossible to source. This has recently led to the use of pre-trained models for image classifications. Pre-trained models have gained popularity because they initialize the model with appropriate weight and significantly reduce the training time and dataset required. There are many image classification pre-trained models in use today, and this paper will focus on investigating the performance of the ten top models (ConvNext, DenseNet, EfficientNet, InceptionResNet, Inception, mobileNet, ResNet, VGG, Xception, NasNet) using caltech101 dataset containing 101 object classes and caltech256 dataset containing 256 object classes. The models are all trained on the ImageNet-1k dataset. Tensorflow and Keras were used as the frameworks for developing the experiments. The accuracy, precision, recall, and f1-score were used as metrics for model performance evaluation. The findings and analysis underscore the significance of training time, number of epochs, and choice of model in image classification.

Topic: COVID-19 diagnosis using AI
Subfield: Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences