jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) And Extended-Spectrum B-Lactamases (ESBLs) Producing Enterobacteriaceae Among Nosocomial Bacteria in Kaduna, Nigeria

Despite continuous control efforts, antimicrobial resistance remains a global public health problem that undermines the treatment of infectious diseases. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Extended-spectrum -lactamases (ESBLs) producing bacteria represent two important groups of multi-drug resistant pathogens that are associated with a high rate of treatment failure, prolonged morbidity, and increased cost of treatment. Therefore, keeping such superbugs under surveillance, particularly in healthcare facilities, is required for informed action, designing of control interventions for further antimicrobial emergence, and determining strategies for infection control. Thus, this study was designed to determine the prevalence of MRSA and ESBLs production Enterobacteriaceae isolated from four hospitals. Using CLSI guidelines, a total of 96 S. aureus were screened for methicillin resistance, and 137 isolates of Enterobacteriaceae for ESBLs production. The study observed a prevalence rate of 35.42 % for MRSA and 26.3 % for ESBLs production among Enterobacteriaceae. Furthermore, species-wise analysis of the data indicated the individual prevalence rate of ESBLs production among E. coli, K. pneumoniae, and P. aeruginosa to be 25.6 %, 28.8 % and 23.0, respectively. This indicates the occurrence of antimicrobial resistance strains among bacteria isolated from hospital settings. The results obtained here could be important in informing public health policies/strategies for the control of antimicrobial resistance and infection.

Topic: Antibiotic Use and Resistance
Subfield: Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology
Field: Immunology and Microbiology
Domain: Life Sciences
The Handwork of Folkloristic-Ethnological Knowledge

Drawing is discussed here, both from the historical and from the contemporary folklore and material culture stance. Folklore collector Samuli Paulaharju’s (1875–1944) drawings serve as a point of departure; again, cultural studies constitute the background, as the notion of representation and the construction of folkloristic-ethnologic knowledge are stressed. Material and visual culture comprises yet other central viewpoints. The research material consists of Paulaharju’s folkloristic descriptions (at the SKS) of the interlacements, as knots and lattices. The materials are discussed in the context of magic and belief, at first, and of folk games and plays further back. The research question is: how Paulaharju constructs the meanings of the interlacements by means of drawings? The method of membership categorization analysis (MCA) is combined with multimodal analysis, since the drawing–texts relations are analysed in detail. Thus, the examination demonstrates, that not only several drawing methods are utilised, but also the contexts, as agrarian life, appear diversified when the drawings are concerned. Then, by applying drawing innovatively and experimenting with it, Paulaharju operated between distinct viewpoints, and also challenged the established folkloristic practises. Accordingly, wide interestedness and learning-by-drawing are emphasised more than drawing as a restricted – or restrictive – orientation.

Topic: Art Education and Development
Subfield: Visual Arts and Performing Arts
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
The Digital Ruble as a Category of Civil Law

The article analyzes the basic rules governing the procedure for settlements in digital rubles. The subjects of the digital ruble platform and their responsibilities have been identified. The similarities and differences between the bank account agreement and the digital ruble account agreement as its variety, as well as the relationship between the availability of a bank account and the ability to open a digital account for settlements in digital rubles, have been established. Based on the analysis of the current legislation, it is concluded that citizens and legal entities are free to conclude a digital ruble account agreement. It has been established that the digital ruble account agreement is, by its legal nature, an accession agreement, which entails the emergence of an additional right for users of the platform to demand modification or termination of such an agreement if there are grounds provided for by law. The procedure for exchanging non-cash funds for digital rubles is revealed. A list of operations that can be performed using the digital ruble is provided. It is proposed to fix at the legislative level a norm prohibiting the operator of the digital ruble platform from unilaterally making changes to the digital ruble account agreement that worsen the situation of an individual user, as well as a norm providing for a list of conditions to be agreed upon when concluding a digital ruble account agreement. The legal nature of the digital ruble is analyzed. Digital rubles are digital non-cash funds, i.e. rights of claim (rights of obligation). Based on the analysis of the current legislation, it is concluded that such rights of claim arise on the basis of a complex legal and factual composition, including the commission by the subjects of the platform of a number of sequential actions.

Topic: Security, Politics, and Digital Transformation
Subfield: Political Science and International Relations
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Senam Peregangan SEHATI (Senam Sehat Kelompok Wanita Tani) untuk Menurunkan Keluhan Muskuloskeletal

Farmers are prone to musculoskeletal complaints due to heavy physical activities, non-ergonomic postures, and insufficient rest. These complaints can lead to decreased productivity and reduced quality of life and become an economic burden for farmers. This community service program aimed to develop and implement the SEHATI (Healthy exercise for women farmers group) stretching exercise correctly to reduce musculoskeletal complaints in farmers. The program was conducted on November 20, 2023, and was attended by 21 women's farmer group members. The program consisted of situation analysis, implementation, monitoring, and evaluation. The results of the SEHATI exercise showed a decrease in musculoskeletal complaints in the neck, shoulders, arms, hands, waist, and legs between before and after the exercise, with an average score of 30.2 points to 26.5 points (a decrease of 3.7 points). The paired t-test showed a p-value of 0.001 (p &lt; 0.05), indicating a significant difference. In conclusion, the SEHATI exercise was effective in reducing musculoskeletal complaints. Recommendations include socializing and training the SEHATI exercise to other women's farmer groups, conducting further evaluations of the long-term effectiveness of the SEHATI exercise, and developing training modules for health cadres in Karanganyar Regency.

Topic: Sports and Physical Education Research
Subfield: Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation
Field: Health Professions
Domain: Health Sciences
Managing Iraq's Water Resources: the Path to Stability and Security

Iraq is in a difficult position as it tries to rebuild after decades of wars and dictatorial rule. As the United States reduces its military presence in Iraq, the Iraqi and U.S. governments, as well as international organizations, are focused on stabilizing the newly formed democracy, establishing security, and rebuilding Iraqs infrastructure and services. This paper takes the position that effective management of Iraqs freshwater is the key to achieving the nation's security and political and economic stability.

Topic: Transboundary Water Resource Management
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Protectionist Reputations and the Threat of Voluntary Export Restraint*

Abstract Voluntary export restraints are often administered in such a way that each firm's post‐VER output allocation is positively related to its output under free trade. When this is true, a credible threat of a future VER will induce foreign firms to dump in the current period, decreasing the domestic price (the Yano effect), and possibly increasing welfare. We show that if an importing government's preferences are private information and if the government makes a series of VER decisions, there may exist an incentive for a welfare‐maximizing government that normally prefers free trade to maintain a protectionist reputation by imposing a VER.

Topic: Global trade and economics
Subfield: General Economics, Econometrics and Finance
Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance
Domain: Social Sciences
Commutator, curve, and variety type: an investigation of finite type in several complex variables

The notion of finite type was developed by Kohn in the 1960's as a way of studying the 6d -Neumann problem on domains in Cn . Finite type is a biholomorphic invariant. This dissertation focuses on commutator type, developed J. Kohn, T. Bloom, and I. Graham, and variety type, developed by J. D'Angelo. Commutator type measures the differences between the real and complex tangent spaces at a given boundary point of a domain in Cn . Variety type measures the order of contact between holomorphic curves and the boundary of a domain in Cn . These two notions are equivalent in C2 , but not in Cn . 
In Cn , commutator type is upper-semicontinuous, while variety type does not have this property. However, variety type is locally finite. The proof of local finiteness given by D'Angelo is based on the development of another notion of type, ideal type. Although ideal type is comparable to variety type, it does not measure the same geometric property. This dissertation develops a new notion of finite type, curve type, which measures the same geometric property measured by variety type. Curve type is developed to better understand the local finiteness of variety type. 
Curve type uses smooth curves within the boundary of the domain to measure the order of contact between holomorphic curves and the boundary of the domain. Curve type, like variety type, is defined for hypersurfaces. Curve type can also be defined for general varieties. This dissertation defines curve type and compares curve type to variety type and commutator type. Equivalence between the three notions of type on hypersurfaces will be proven in C2 . The difference between curve type and variety type for varieties will be discussed in several examples. The equivalence between curve type and variety type in Cn will be proven. Finally, local finiteness of curve type and variety type will be discussed.

Topic: Holomorphic and Operator Theory
Subfield: Applied Mathematics
Field: Mathematics
Domain: Physical Sciences
Cardiac Rehabilitation in Peripheral Artery Disease in a Tertiary Center—Impact on Arterial Stiffness and Functional Status after 6 Months

Background and Objectives: Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) plays an essential role in peripheral artery disease (PAD), leading to improved functional status, increased quality of life, and reduced arterial stiffness. We aimed to assess factors associated with clinical improvement 6 months after enrolment in a rehabilitation program at an academic medical center in north-eastern Europe. Materials and Methods: We conducted a prospective cohort study on 97 patients with PAD admitted to a single tertiary referral center. At the 6-months follow-up, 75 patients (77.3%) showed improved clinical status. We analyzed demographics and clinical and paraclinical parameters in order to explore factors associated with a favorable outcome. Results: Hypertension (p = 0.002), diabetes mellitus (p = 0.002), dyslipidemia (p = 0.045), and obesity (p = 0.564) were associated with no clinical improvement. Smoking cessation (p &lt; 0.001), changing sedentary lifestyle (p = 0.032), and improvement of lipid and carbohydrate profile as well as functional status parameters and ambulatory arterial stiffness index (p = 0.008) were factors associated with clinical improvement at the 6-months follow-up. Conclusions: PAD patients require an integrative, multidisciplinary management to maintain functional status and increase quality of life. Improving carbohydrate and lipid profile, adopting a healthy lifestyle, quitting smoking and increasing exercise capacity are predictors for clinical improvement 6 months after enrolment in a CR program.

Topic: Peripheral Artery Disease Management
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Risk Factors, Lifestyle Behaviors, and Vascular Brain Health

Although a relationship between traditional cardiovascular risk factors and stroke has long been recognized, these risk factors likely play a role in other aspects of brain health. Clinical stroke is only the tip of the iceberg of vascular brain injury that includes covert infarcts, white matter hyperintensities, and microbleeds. Furthermore, an individual’s risk for not only stroke but poor brain health includes not only these traditional vascular risk factors but also lifestyle and genetic factors. The purpose of this narrative review is to summarize the state of the evidence on traditional and nontraditional vascular risk factors and their contributions to brain health. Additionally, we will review important modifiers that interact with these risk factors to increase, or, in some cases, reduce risk of adverse brain health outcomes, with an emphasis on genes and biomarkers associated with Alzheimer disease. Finally, we will consider the importance of social determinants of health in brain health outcomes.

Topic: Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
Subfield: Psychiatry and Mental health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
The epilepsy-associated protein TBC1D24 is required for normal development, survival and vesicle trafficking in mammalian neurons

Mutations in the Tre2/Bub2/Cdc16 (TBC)1 domain family member 24 (TBC1D24) gene are associated with a range of inherited neurological disorders, from drug-refractory lethal epileptic encephalopathy and DOORS syndrome (deafness, onychodystrophy, osteodystrophy, mental retardation, seizures) to non-syndromic hearing loss. TBC1D24 has been implicated in neuronal transmission and maturation, although the molecular function of the gene and the cause of the apparently complex disease spectrum remain unclear. Importantly, heterozygous TBC1D24 mutation carriers have also been reported with seizures, suggesting that haploinsufficiency for TBC1D24 is significant clinically. Here we have systematically investigated an allelic series of disease-associated mutations in neurons alongside a new mouse model to investigate the consequences of TBC1D24 haploinsufficiency to mammalian neurodevelopment and synaptic physiology. The cellular studies reveal that disease-causing mutations that disrupt either of the conserved protein domains in TBC1D24 are implicated in neuronal development and survival and are likely acting as loss-of-function alleles. We then further investigated TBC1D24 haploinsufficiency in vivo and demonstrate that TBC1D24 is also crucial for normal presynaptic function: genetic disruption of Tbc1d24 expression in the mouse leads to an impairment of endocytosis and an enlarged endosomal compartment in neurons with a decrease in spontaneous neurotransmission. These data reveal the essential role for TBC1D24 at the mammalian synapse and help to define common synaptic mechanisms that could underlie the varied effects of TBC1D24 mutations in neurological disease.

Topic: Cellular transport and secretion
Subfield: Cell Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
THERAPEUTICS II

Journal Article THERAPEUTICS II Get access D. Burrows, D. Burrows Royal Victoria Hospital, Belfast Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar R. G. Shanks, R. G. Shanks Department of Therapeutics, Queen's University, Belfast Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar C. J. Stevenson C. J. Stevenson Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 80, Issue 5, 1 May 1968, Pages 348–352, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1968.tb12317.x Published: 01 May 1968

Topic: Medicine and Dermatology Studies History
Subfield: Dermatology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Anatomical Properties and Utilization of 3-, 5-, and 7-yr-old Falcata [Falcataria moluccana (Miq.)] Barneby &amp; J. W. Grimes] from Caraga Region, Mindanao Philippines

The anatomical properties – namely, fiber length, fiber diameter, lumen diameter, cell wall thickness, vessel length, and width – of young (3-, 5-, and 7-yr-old) Falcataria molucanna (Miq.) Barneby &amp; J. W. Grimes from Caraga Region, Philippines were evaluated to determine the variations among ages between and among trees, tree height, and their derived values as well, henceforth as a basis in recommending the potential of the species for various enduses. Three trees per age of known seed origin were collected and used as materials. FPRDI standard procedures for determining anatomical properties were followed. Data were analyzed using three-factorial in complete randomized design (CRD) and Tukey’s honestly significant difference (HSD) test was used to determine significant differences among treatment means. Except for cell wall thickness, the variations in anatomical properties among age and tree were highly significant but not significant among height levels. Fiber diameter and lumen diameter increased as the trees aged. The cell wall was very thin with mean values of 0.0033 mm (3-yr-old), 0.0032 mm (5-yr-old), and 0.0031 mm (7-yr-old). Vessel length and width decreased from 3- to 5-yr-old and increased at 7-yr-old. Fiber length’s mean values increased from near pith (NP), middle (M), to near bark (NB) at all three ages and height levels except in the 3-yr middle (1.1665, 1.2032, and 1.1541 mm) and 7-yr butt (1.1541, 1.2326, and 1.2009 mm). Other anatomical properties at three ages showed no consistent trend of variations from NP to NB. The potential uses of younger falcata based on their anatomical properties were for pulp and paper, veneer, and light construction applications where strength and durability are not important.

Topic: Plant Pathogens and Fungal Diseases
Subfield: Cell Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Intermediate frequency magnetic fields did not have genotoxic and promotion potentials in in vitro tests

In recent years, the use of new electrical appliances, that use or emit intermediate frequency (IF; 300 Hz to 10 MHz) electromagnetic fields (EMFs), has been increasing. We have investigated genotoxic and promotion potentials of a vertical and sinusoidal IF MF of 0.91mT (rms) at 2 kHz, 1.1mT (rms) at 20 kHz and 0.11mT (rms) at 60 kHz. We used microbial mutagenicity tests, gene conversion tests, micronucleus tests or mouse lymphoma assay for genotoxicity, and Bhas 42 promotion tests for promotion. The results indicate that the IF MFs did not have genotoxic nor promotion potentials in the experimental conditions.

Topic: Electromagnetic Fields and Biological Effects
Subfield: Biophysics
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
New approach to MFR design with an alpha – beta filters

The probability of detection and the accuracy of a measurement are determined by the available SNR ratio and hence by the energy used for illuminating the target. Also, increasing the rate of illumination of a target allows obtaining less uncertain predictions. A high energy burst and a high illumination rate are desirable from the tracker&amp;apos;s accuracy point of view. However they negatively affect the transmitter beam occupancy budget and therefore they are undesirable from the point of view of the radar&amp;apos;s ability to deal with multiple targets. Hence, tracker parameters (including track illumination rate and dwell-time or burst energy) should be designed to satisfy a double objective such as minimum beam occupancy, which will give maximum efficiency in the use of radar&amp;apos;s energy and maximum beam scheduling effectiveness (shorter pulses, reduced dwell-time)-desired tracking accuracy. In this paper we presented a new approach to optimally select both the energy of the tracking waveforms and the track sampling rates which jointly minimize occupancy and satisfy angular accuracy requirements for a MFR with an tracking filter.

Topic: Hermeneutics and Narrative Identity
Subfield: Philosophy
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
ASSYMETRIC CAUSAL RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN OIL PRICES, OIL CONSUMPTION AND ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION IN TURKEY

The global economy is highly dependent on oil due to its densely use as a primary energy source. For this reason, changes in oil prices can affect countries through many economic and environmental channels. Based on this motivation, in this study, the relations between oil prices, oil consumption and environmental degradation are investigated with Hatemi-J (2012) asymmetric causality analysis, which takes into account positive and negative shocks, in Turkey in the 1987-2020 periods. Empirical findings show that there are causal links between oil prices, oil consumption and environmental degradation in Turkey differs according to positive and negative shocks. According to this; negative shocks in oil consumption and positive shocks in oil prices cause positive shocks in environmental degradation, negative shocks in environmental degradation cause positive shocks in oil consumption and negative shocks in oil prices cause negative shocks in environmental degradation. Although there is no causal relationship between oil prices and oil consumption, environmental degradation is associated with both oil prices and oil consumption. These findings reveal that oil should be considered as an important component in environmental improvement policies in Turkey.

Topic: Market Dynamics and Volatility
Subfield: Economics and Econometrics
Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance
Domain: Social Sciences
Traditional Orthography

When you go on to apply your knowledge to reading Classical Nahuatl literature, you will find in both the original documents and the editions that have been made from them an orthography that is somewhat different from the one that you have become accustomed to during the use of this book. Recall that the uniform orthography adopted here (and used by many linguists) substantially agrees with the traditional manner of spelling but eliminates from it certain ambiguities and errors.

Topic: Linguistics, Language Diversity, and Identity
Subfield: Language and Linguistics
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
DEVELOPMENT TRENDS OF STUDENTS’ PROFESSIONAL SOCIALIZATION: SOCIAL AND CULTURAL ASPECT

Shaposhnykova, I. V. Development trends of students’ professional socialization: social and cultural aspect / І. Shaposhnykova // Журнал научных и прикладных исследований. – Уфа : Изд-во «Инфинити», 2014. – №1 (12). – С. 41-43.

Topic: Sociopolitical Dynamics in Russia
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences