jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Airbus A380: An icon of change for Malaysia Airlines

The aims of the study are to determine the purpose of buying Airbus A380 by Malaysia Airlines (MAS) and the effect of Airbus A380 to the Malaysia aircraft industry. The research was conducted by distributing questionnaires to 50 students of UUM for measures the impact of A380 to Malaysia Airlines (MAS).The relationships between the independent and dependent variables were identified by using the descriptive and inferential analysis. There is enough evidence prove that there are no significant differences between student’s gender and factors of student’s preferable aircraft and there are no significant differences between student’s gender and function of A380 in affect the efficiency of MAS.

Topic: Aviation Industry Analysis and Trends
Subfield: General Economics, Econometrics and Finance
Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance
Domain: Social Sciences
W.G. Sebald’s words and pictures: propositions for art history as a literary practice

This paper embraces Sebald’s irreducible ‘writing with pictures’ as a proposition for art-historical practices. By exploring theoretical and philosophical approaches to writing’s epistemic capacity, the paper uses Sebald’s work to interrogate a history of art that often struggles to give up restraining the images it covets. The paper develops the characteristics of art-historical writing as a practice that necessarily not only negotiates the boundary of visual and verbal, but also manifests a literary fiction produced in the discursive framing of knowledge and meaning-making about artefacts, subjects, processes and their historic contexts.&#13;\nIn developing a methodological approach from Sebald’s word-picture combinations, we glimpse an art-historical practice that is necessarily already bound up in the liabilities of its subjects. Following Boris Groys’ suggestion that the writing of art history occurs in a literary space, which implies that the historian, too, is involved in artistic production and thus cannot approach the work (formally) under scrutiny from an external position, the paper reflects on the exigencies of writing about art. Recognising the limitations of what Derrida identified as teleological genre restriction and institutional pressures to preserve language as a transparent vehicle for ‘communication’, the paper advances a notion of art history as a literary pursuit that writes (with) pictures. Art history's recursive self-reflexivity—producing image-texts in order to trace the words and pictures of artists—is therefore used to reflect on the creative practice of art-history writing, as well as the assumed division between writing's own form, material and content.

Topic: Literature and Cultural Memory
Subfield: Literature and Literary Theory
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Circadian Rhythm and Obesity

Obesity with significant implications for public health has become a global epidemic. Recently, there is growing evidence indicating that the disturbance of circadian rhythms have a pivotal role in the onset of obesity. Insufficient sleep, a common consequence of modern lifestyle, further disrupts circadian rhythms and always leads to higher body mass index (BMI) and metabolic disturbances. Circadian misalignment affects various aspects of metabolism, including appetite regulation, glucose metabolism, and lipid metabolism. Disturbances in the timing of food intake, such as late-night eating or irregular meal patterns, can disrupt the synchronisation between the circadian clock of suprachromaffin nucleus and peripheral clock, resulting in impaired metabolic function and increased adiposity. Circadian clocks oversee expressions of crucial genes associated with the energy balance and lipid metabolism at the molecular level. Genetic studies have identified specific clock genes that are related to metabolic disorders and overweight. Perturbation of genes is regulated by the body's internal clock, including those responsible for adipogenesis and insulin signaling, acts as a major player in the progression of obesity. Understanding the relationship between circadian rhythms and obesity has important implications for preventive and therapeutic strategies. Implementing interventions that restore circadian alignment, such as timed light exposure, sleep optimization, and following regular meal timing, may help mitigate the risk of obesity and its associated metabolic complications. This article reviews the current literature on the influence of circadian rhythm on obesity and explores its underlying mechanisms.

Topic: Circadian rhythm and melatonin
Subfield: Endocrine and Autonomic Systems
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences
Strategic Perspectives on Sustainable Development and Migration Issues in Turkey and Abroad

The purpose of this book is to share the output of recent multidisciplinary research in Turkey performed by several academics regarding four main themes: urban studies and sustainability, local governments, environmental and migration issues. These are a significant agenda not only in Turkey but also in other countries. One of the important elements that makes this book interesting and original is that it explains the problems by addressing specific issues through examples. It intends to bring from different perspectives innovative approaches to finding solutions to current problems. A thread that runs through the study is the idea that the making and implementation of public policies at the local level will increase the success of achieving sustainability on a wider scale. The book will have an intellectual impact not only on researchers, students, policy makers and bureaucrats but also on more general readers as an academic resource

Topic: International Development and Aid
Subfield: Development
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Review on Various Antibiotic Contamination in Natural Sources: Effects on Environment Including Animals and Humans

Antibiotics have been used as medicine to inhibit a large array of infections in humans, in animals and plants for nearly 100 years. Nonstop use and misapplication of antibiotics have triggered antibiotic contamination worldwide. Antibiotic contamination poses risks to microbial communities, aquatic ecosystems, and human health. If growth of antibiotic resistant bacteria occurs, then it may increase multidrug-resistant bacterial infections for the coming days, thus posing a terrific impact on human health, as well as on the ecosystem of the environment. So, proper management and awareness are crucial to mitigate the environmental impacts. In this review, the knowledge about the sources and existence of antibiotics, its side effects, contamination sources, prevention and control of antibiotics to reduce antibiotic contamination has been discussed in detail.

Topic: Pharmaceutical and Antibiotic Environmental Impacts
Subfield: Pollution
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
An In-Depth Survey of Underwater Image Enhancement and Restoration

Images taken under water usually suffer from the problems of quality degradation, such as low contrast, blurring details, color deviations, non-uniform illumination, etc. As an important problem in image processing and computer vision, the restoration and enhancement of underwater image are necessary for numerous practical applications. Over the last few decades, underwater image restoration and enhancement have been attracting an increasing amount of research effort. However, a comprehensive and in-depth survey of related achievements and improvements is still missing, especially the survey of underwater image dataset which is a key issue in underwater image processing and intelligent application. In this exposition, we first summarize more than 120 studies about the latest progress in underwater image restoration and enhancement, including the techniques, datasets, available codes, and evaluation metrics. We analyze the contributions and limitations of existing methods to facilitate the comprehensive understanding of underwater image restoration and enhancement. Furthermore, we provide detailed objective evaluations and analysis of the representative methods on five types of underwater scenarios, which verifies the applicability of these methods in different underwater conditions. Finally, we discuss the potential challenges and open issues of underwater image restoration and enhancement and suggest possible research directions in the future.

Topic: Image Enhancement Techniques
Subfield: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Radiofrequency Ablation for Treatment of Refractory Gastric Antral Vascular Ectasia

Purpose: Gastric antral vascular ectasia (GAVE) is a known cause of gastrointestinal bleeding and chronic iron deficiency anemia. Endoscopic therapy with argon plasma coagulation (APC) is widely used for treatment of GAVE, but a majority of patients continue to require repeated blood transfusions and multiple endoscopic procedures (refractory GAVE). We describe our experience with the use of radiofrequency ablation (RFA) therapy in treating patients with refractory GAVE. Methods: Prospective case series of seven patients with refractory GAVE who were treated with RFA (HALO90 ULTRA Ablation Catheter System; Covidien, GI Solutions, Sunnyvale, CA). Results: Seven patients (one male, six females, mean age of 69 years, range 56-82) underwent RFA for treatment of refractory GAVE (12 total procedures). All of the patients had previously undergone endoscopic therapy with APC. 4 (57%) of the seven required multiple RFA treatments. Average pre- and post-procedural hemoglobin were 9.3 (SD 0.78) and 10.16 (SD 1.72; p >0.05), respectively. Two (29%) of the seven patients required post-procedural transfusions. Conclusion: Radiofrequency ablation is an effective alternative to APC for treatment of GAVE refractory to previous endoscopic therapy. Five (71%) of seven patients are transfusion-free after the RFA treatment. Further studies are needed to identify which subset of patients will benefit the most with RFA treatment.Table 1: Patient demographics

Topic: Gastrointestinal Bleeding Diagnosis and Treatment
Subfield: Gastroenterology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
A new treatment for wrinkles.

A technique identified as threading is described for the treatment of wrinkles. Colorless 4-0 and 2-0 clear vicryl (Ethicon) has been threaded underneath the wrinkle for augmentation, and "basket weaving" has been applied to atrophic areas. As much as 40 feet of threads have been used at one time in the face. Complications are minimal, the results subtle, and the technique may be repeated. It is hoped that this concept will be developed further with the use of soft, colorless, nonabsorbable threading material (Prolene, Nurolon, Ethicon).

Topic: Facial Rejuvenation and Surgery Techniques
Subfield: Dermatology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Infected wound healing and antimicrobial effects of Chenopodium ambrosioides and Mitracarpus scaber

Chenopodium ambrosioides Linn. (Chenopdiaceae) and Mitracarpus scaber Zucc. (Rubiaceae) are herbal medicinal plants. They are commonly used in Togolese folk medicine to treat skin infections such as infected wounds, dermatoses, and scabies. The aim of this work was to evaluate the wound healing and antimicrobial properties of the two plants. Firstly, we evaluated the infected wound healing property of the two plants. We induced and treated infected wound in Wistar rats as follows. We inserted a sterile needle under the skin of the animal previously anesthetized by ether. Along the needle, we made an incision of 2 cm of length. The wound was infected with 24 hours colonies of P.aeruginosa. One infected wound was created per animal. 0.5 g of ointments prepared form C. ambrosioides and M. scaber leaf extracts, was applied twice a day. Secondly, we conducted antimicrobial assays with extracts prepared with the leaves of the plants.Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Candida albcans, Escherichia coli and Salmonella sp. were used in this study. Infected wound in control group healed in 12.6±0.245 days. The ointment from C. ambrosioides or M. scaber leaf extracts, significantly and respectively reduced this mean time to 07.04±0.245 (P

Topic: African Botany and Ecology Studies
Subfield: Forestry
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Oxidation-Reduction Properties of Mixed Oxides in the Cerium–Uranium–Oxygen System

Abstract The formation and the oxidation-reduction properties of mixed oxides in the Ce–U–O ternary system were examined by means of thermogravimetry and the X-ray diffraction technique. The mixed oxides were prepared by the reactions of CeO2 with U3O8 in air and in hydrogen. The composition of the products heated in air, followed by slow cooling to room temperature, was approximately expressed by this equation: yCeO2+(1–y)UO2.67. By X-ray diffraction, it was shown that the oxides formed at 1100 °C in air were mixtures of Ce0.6U0.4O2.3 and α-U3O8 in the y&amp;lt;0.6 range, while they were in single phases of solid solutions for y≥0.6. When the mixed oxides, MO2+X, where M indicates yCe+(1–y)U, were re-heated in air, weight loss due to oxygen liberation was observed above 500 °C, and it was enhanced with a rise in the temperature. The hydrogen reduction of the oxides proceeded in two steps; the first step was the reduction of MO2+X to MO2 below 600 °C, and the second one was the reduction of MO2 to MO2−X above 600 °C. The composition of the oxides obtained can be given by this equation: yCeO1.81+(1–y)UO2.00. Two separate linear relationships for the lattice parameter of the fluorite-type structure as a function of the cerium content were obtained; one is applicable to the solid solutions with y≤0.6, where the lattice parameter is nearly that of UO2, and the other to the solid solutions with y≥0.4. The latter obeys Vegard’s law between UO2 and CeO2. The oxides with y=0.4–0.6 were in the two-phase region of the solid solutions.

Topic: Radioactive element chemistry and processing
Subfield: Inorganic Chemistry
Field: Chemistry
Domain: Physical Sciences
An Improved Algorithm for Steiner Trees

Two basic results for the Euclidean Steiner minimal tree problem are shown: (1) all admissible partitions of the set of nodes (which the tree should span) correspond to degenerate full Steiner topologies, and can be systematically derived from these topologies if degeneracy occurs; (2) for any given full Steiner tree topology there exists a lower bound on the value of the corresponding Steiner tree (this bound holds as an equality if the tree is full). Taken together these two results suggest a relatively efficient (although still exponential) branch and bound algorithm for the Steiner minimal tree construction. The algorithm uses the lower bound to discard some topologies after a brief check, and does away with the need to check all the possible partitions of the node set.

Topic: VLSI and FPGA Design Techniques
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Employing a Mock Trial in a Criminology Course: An Applied Learning Experience

L'A. porte son attention sur l'enseignement dans le domaine de la criminologie aux Etats-Unis. Il presente une methode qui permet d'analyser des situations concretes et offre aux etudiants la possibilite d'appliquer leurs connaissances theoriques. Il signale que cette methode de simulation fait intervenir un «faux» tribunal charge de resoudre de veritables affaires criminelles. Il souligne l'interet pedagogique de ce tribunal et examine de quelle maniere il est percu par les etudiants

Topic: Innovative Teaching Methodologies in Social Sciences
Subfield: Education
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Sentiment Analysis of Public Opinion on Deforestation in Papua on YouTube Platform Using Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) Method

Deforestation in Papua has emerged as a significant environmental concern, attracting considerable attention due to its effects on biodiversity and the livelihoods of indigenous communities. This study seeks to examine public sentiment toward the issue by analyzing comments posted on the YouTube platform, employing the Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) method. A dataset of 3,000 comments was gathered and processed through several stages, including text cleaning, tokenization, normalization, and Term Frequency–Inverse Document Frequency (TF-IDF) weighting. Subsequently, an LSTM model was developed and assessed using accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score as evaluation metrics. The results reveal that the LSTM model achieved an accuracy of 88.43%, a precision of 90.01%, a recall of 97.49%, and an F1-score of 93.60%. Nevertheless, signs of overfitting were observed, indicated by lower validation performance compared to training results. These findings demonstrate that the LSTM approach is effective for identifying public opinion regarding deforestation and can serve as a valuable reference in decision-making and the formulation of environmental policies.

Topic: Data Mining and Machine Learning Applications
Subfield: Information Systems
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Electrostatic effects of interface states on carrier transport in semiconductor heterojunctions

A theory of the electronic transport properties of contacts between two dissimilar semiconductors is presented, which includes the effects of bias-dependent interface state charge on the electrostatic potential distribution in the contact. The quasi-Fermi level for the interface states is determined by the competition between the capture of electrons and holes at the interface for a given bias voltage. The conditions for diffusion-limited or thermionic-emission-limited current flow are defined in terms of heterojunction parameters and material properties. Ignoring the direct recombination currents through interface states, the interface states have no effect on diffusion-limited current, but when the transport is limited by the thermionic emission of carriers there are pronounced electrostatic effects on this current from interface states. A limiting density of interface states ∼1011–1012 cm−2 eV−1 has been established above which the current-voltage (J-V) relations are independent of the parameters characterizing these states, and for this condition the n* value of the exponential J-V characteristics is ?2 over an appreciable range of bias voltage.

Topic: Semiconductor materials and interfaces
Subfield: Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Dutch Disease

This article outlines the 'Dutch disease', the fear of de-industrialization first seen in the Netherlands in the wake of the appreciation of the Dutch guilder following the discovery of natural gas deposits in the North Sea around 1960. It considers its symptoms, and asks whether it is indeed a 'disease' with negative economic implications. It also briefly reviews some cases of Dutch disease, and the case of Norway, which appears to have successfully avoided it.

Topic: Natural Resources and Economic Development
Subfield: General Economics, Econometrics and Finance
Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance
Domain: Social Sciences
An IoT-Enabled Machine Learning Framework for Automated Teacher Performance Feedback to Enhance Teaching Quality

Given the crucial role of teachers in the education system, robust mechanisms are necessary to enhance their teaching effectiveness. Through leveraging advanced technological methods, both teacher and student evaluation processes can be conducted with high accuracy. This study proposes an IoT-based automated teacher performance evaluation system that utilizes machine learning algorithms and computer vision techniques to provide immediate feedback on teaching performance to supervisors. The system analyzes key elements such as hand movements and the teacher's position in the classroom. By enhancing teaching performance, the model aims to improve student learning outcomes. In addition, to develop and test the system, a hypothetical dataset - called the teacher dataset - was created for this proposed model by collecting 35 publicly available videos from YouTube. This approach employs a ResNet50 pre-trained neural network for transfer learning and feature extraction to classify teacher behavior into 8 classes. Fuzzy logic converts the predictions into three teaching quality ratings (poor/medium/good). Using this custom dataset, the model achieved an accuracy of 84.8%, indicating strong performance. This approach enables automated feedback on teaching style, reducing the need for in-person evaluations by educational supervisors. The proposed system has the potential to significantly enhance the overall quality of teaching and learning.

Topic: IoT and Edge/Fog Computing
Subfield: Computer Networks and Communications
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Supplementary Figure from Infigratinib in Patients with Recurrent Gliomas and &lt;i&gt;FGFR&lt;/i&gt; Alterations: A Multicenter Phase II Study

Supplementary Figure from Infigratinib in Patients with Recurrent Gliomas and &lt;i&gt;FGFR&lt;/i&gt; Alterations: A Multicenter Phase II Study

Topic: Fibroblast Growth Factor Research
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Stabilizing quantum simulations of lattice gauge theories by dissipation

Simulations of lattice gauge theories on noisy quantum hardware inherently suffer from violations of the gauge symmetry due to coherent and incoherent errors of the underlying physical system that implements the simulation. These gauge violations cause the simulations to become unphysical requiring the result of the simulation to be discarded. We investigate an active correction scheme that relies on detecting gauge violations locally and subsequently correcting them by dissipatively driving the system back into the physical gauge sector. We show that the correction scheme not only ensures the protection of the gauge symmetry, but it also leads to a longer validity of the simulation results even within the gauge-invariant sector. Finally, we discuss further applications of the scheme such as preparation of the many-body ground state of the simulated system.

Topic: Cold Atom Physics and Bose-Einstein Condensates
Subfield: Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Cystic Fibrosis

Cystic fibrosis is the most common life-shortening autosomal recessive disease in children. It typically presents with lung and/or pancreatic dysfunction. Salt levels in sweat are increased. Other organ systems can be involved and there is considerable phenotypical variability. A subgroup of affected infants present with widespread erythematous and scaly plaques with failure to thrive and oedema. This presentation is secondary to malabsorption and infants presenting in this way should be given a trial of treatment with pancreatic enzymes while waiting for a definitive diagnosis. The mortality is high if the underlying cause is not recognized. During childhood and adolescence, skin problems may relate to reactions from the multiple medications used in treatment protocols or to common dermatoses such as urticaria or acne.

Topic: Cystic Fibrosis Research Advances
Subfield: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Control and Synchronization of New Hyperchaotic System using Active Backstepping Design

In this paper, an active backstepping design is proposed to achieve control and synchronization of a new hyperchaotic system. The proposed method is a systematic design approach and exists in a recursive procedure that interlaces the choice of a Lyapunov function with the design of the active control. The proposed controller enables stabilization of chaotic motion to the origin as well as synchronization of the two identical new hyperchaotic systems. Numerical simulations illustrate the validity of the proposed control technique.

Topic: Chaos control and synchronization
Subfield: Statistical and Nonlinear Physics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences