jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Lactation vs formula feeding: Insulin, glucose and fatty acid metabolism during the postpartum period

Milk production may involve a transient development of insulin resistance in non-mammary tissues to support redistribution of maternal macronutrients to match the requirements of the lactating mammary gland. In the present study, adipose and liver metabolic responses were measured in the fasting state and during a 2-step (10 and 20 mU/m&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;/min) hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp with stable isotopes, in 6-week postpartum women who were lactating (n=12) or formula-feeding (n=6) their infants and who were closely matched for baseline characteristics (e.g., parity, body composition, intrahepatic lipid). When controlling for the low insulin concentrations of both groups, the lactating women exhibited a fasting rate of endogenous glucose production (EGP) that was 2.6-fold greater, and a lipolysis rate that was 2.3-fold greater than the formula-feeding group. During the clamp, the groups exhibited similar suppression rates of EGP and lipolysis. In the lactating women only, higher prolactin concentrations were associated with greater suppression rates of lipolysis, lower intrahepatic lipid and plasma triacylglycerol concentrations. These data suggest that whole-body alterations in glucose transport may be organ specific and facilitate nutrient partitioning during lactation. Recapitulating a shift toward noninsulin-mediated glucose uptake could be an early postpartum strategy to enhance lactation success in women at risk for delayed onset of milk production. &lt;br&gt;

Topic: Birth, Development, and Health
Subfield: Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Gradually Exiled Rousseau——Liang Chi-chao's Cognition as the Center

As China's Rousseau,Liang Chi-chao had powerfully propagandized Rousseau's thoughts.Liang Chi-chao' cognition has experienced a process of significant change on Rousseau's thoughts: from completely praise before 1900 to relatively prudent between 1900 and 1902 when he,had detailed theory analysis,yet showed little objection;and to query in 1903 and then gradually went into negation and finally completely discarded Rousseau's thoughts.

Topic: Chinese history and philosophy
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Overview of approaches to driver fatigue recognition and existing technical solutions

The article analyzes the existing methods for determining the driver's condition. Driving in a state of fatigue, according to various statistics, is the cause of a large number of road traffic accidents (RTA). The percentage of accidents in Russia associated with the driver falling asleep while driving in 2018 is about 20%, in the USA the number of accidents for the same reason reaches 100,000 per year. The aim of the work is to review existing approaches to recognizing driver fatigue and existing technical solutions in this area. The article discusses such approaches as fatigue recognition based on the physiological state of the driver, recognition based on the driver's behavior, namely his speech and visual signs while driving, fatigue determination based on the nature of the vehicle's movement on the road and based on the driver's actions on the controls, the approaches based on the subjective assessment of the driver's condition. The advantages and disadvantages of each of the approaches were analyzed. The paper also provides an overview of existing fatigue recognition systems from various manufacturers that are currently used on vehicles and are designed to warn the driver of impending fatigue. It was revealed that in modern conditions of road transport operation, the most optimal approaches to fatigue recognition are based on an assessment of the driver's impact on the steering wheel, visual signs of driver fatigue and the nature of the vehicle's movement on the road, therefore, it is proposed to further focus on these methods.

Topic: Sleep and Work-Related Fatigue
Subfield: Experimental and Cognitive Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Eponyms and the Diagnosis of Aortic Regurgitation

Letters6 April 2004Eponyms and the Diagnosis of Aortic RegurgitationGeorge Dermksian, MDGeorge Dermksian, MDFrom New York, NY 10128-0100.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-140-7-200404060-00032 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:As a “bedside” educator and clinician who frequently refers to eponyms, especially those associated with aortic regurgitation, I very much appreciated the review article by Babu and colleagues (1) on aortic regurgitation and the discrepancy between textbooks and the literature. It has caused me to reassess the value of eponyms on teaching rounds. I would, however, note an error with regard to pulse pressure in Babu and colleagues' summary statement on the pathophysiologic characteristics of the Corrigan pulse, which was attributed to their reference 35 (2). Their statement read, “A recent investigation found that patients with aortic ...References1. Babu AN, Kymes SM, Carpenter Fryer SM. Eponyms and the diagnosis of aortic regurgitation: what says the evidence? Ann Intern Med. 2003;138:736-42. [PMID: 12729428] LinkGoogle Scholar2. Warnes CA, Harris PC, Fritts HW. Effect of elevating the wrist on the radial pulse in aortic regurgitation: Corrigan revisited. Am J Cardiol. 1983;51:1551-3. [PMID: 6846191] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: George Dermksian, MDAffiliations: From New York, NY 10128-0100. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoEponyms and the Diagnosis of Aortic Regurgitation: What Says the Evidence? Ajit N. Babu , Steven M. Kymes , and Sharon M. Carpenter Fryer Eponyms and the Diagnosis of Aortic Regurgitation Lakshmi V. Atkuri and Abu R. Vasudevan Eponyms and the Diagnosis of Aortic Regurgitation Ajit N. Babu , Sharon M. Carpenter Fryer , and Steven M. Kymes Metrics 6 April 2004Volume 140, Issue 7Page: 583KeywordsBlood pressureHeart rateMean arterial pressureSystolic pressure ePublished: 6 April 2004 Issue Published: 6 April 2004 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2004 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...

Topic: Medical Case Reports and Studies
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Peningkatan Aktivitas Komunikasi Interpersonal Dalam Organisasi Melalui Perbaikan Efikasi Diri, Kepemimpinan Dan Kekohesifan Tim

&lt;p&gt;The purpose of this research is to explain ways to improve communication, especially interpersonal communication in an organization through self-efficacy, leadership and team cohesiveness. This research uses quantitative research approach. Data analysis using path analysis. Research conducted in 2015 at 3 Private Universities in Bogor. Prior to use, the research instrument was piloted against 30 respondents to gain validity and reliability. Prior to hypothesis testing, test requirement analysis is tested linearity and normality test. The research findings are that interpersonal communication in the organization is positively and significantly influenced by self-efficacy, leadership behavior, and team cohesiveness. This means that the higher the self-efficacy, leadership behavior and team cohesiveness, the higher the interpersonal communication activity in the organization.&lt;/p&gt;

Topic: Employee Performance and Leadership
Subfield: Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management
Field: Business, Management and Accounting
Domain: Social Sciences
Pulmonary papillary adenocarcinoma with psammoma bodies metastasis to right frontal lobe

<strong>Objective</strong> To investigate the clinical manifestations and pathological characteristics of pulmonary papillary adenocarcinoma with psammoma bodies metastasis to right frontal lobe of brain. <strong>Methods</strong> The clinical manifestations, pathological features and differential diagnosis were studied in one case of pulmonary papillary adenocarcinoma with psammoma bodies metastasis to right frontal lobe. Related literatures were also reviewed. <strong> Results</strong> A 56-year-old male suffered from intermittent headache for 3 years in fronto-occipital region without significant incentives. Cranial MRI examination revealed a space-occupying lesion in right frontal lobe, which was considered as meningioma. In operation, the tumor located in the right frontal lobe was tough and red-grey in color, with clear boundary and abundant blood supply. Histopathological examination revealed the tumor was arranged in papillary pattern. The tumor cells were large, with eosinophilic cytoplasm, round or oval nuclei and small red nucleoli. Especially, a plenty of psammoma bodies were found in tumor tissue and mesenchymal tissue. Immunohistochemical staining found that the tumor cells were positively expressed for cytokeratin (CK), epithelial membrane antigen (EMA), CK19, thyroid transcription factor-1 (TTF-1) and Napsin A, and showed focal positive expression of P53. Ki-67 labeling index was 5%-10%. The tumor cells were negative for glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), S-100 protein (S-100), thyroglobulin (TG), Galectin-3 protein, progestrone receptor (PR) and vimentin (Vim). Combined with the results of chest <sup>18</sup>F-FDG-PET CT, the final diagnosis was pulmonary papillary adenocarcinoma with psammoma bodies metastasis to right frontal lobe. The patient underwent auxiliary radiotherapy and chemotherapy after operation. The patient was followed for 12 months and no recurrence was seen. <strong>Conclusions</strong> This case is very rare. Understanding the patient's history and differentiating from other primary intracalvarium tumors is one of the key steps to give the right pathological diagnosis and clinical therapy. In order to avoid disdiagnosis, the diagnosis needs to be differentiated from other primary intracalvarium tumors, including papillary meningioma, papillary tumor of choroid plexus, papillary ependymoma, papillary glioneuronal tumors as well as metastatic papillary thyroid carcinoma. <strong>DOI: </strong>10.3969/j.issn.1672-6731.2015.06.009

Topic: Brain Metastases and Treatment
Subfield: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Effect of different planting densities and fertilizer rates on corn yield and yield components under Northern Vietnam growing conditions

Corn (Zea mays L.) is one of the vital cereals and grown all over the world as a major food source. Various studies on agricultural methods such as farming techniques, irrigation, fertilization, breeding have been conducted to increase corn yield. Planting density and fertilizer rate, in particular, are known and widely applied as the first method to increase corn yield. In this study, we observed the effect of planting densities and fertilizer rates on yield and yield components of NK4300 corn which was grown in northern Vietnam in the winter season. The experiment focused on density and fertilizer with a Split-plot arrangement having three replications. The results showed that the corn yield and yield components were significantly affected by the planting densities and fertilizer rates. Cob length, cob diameter, number of grain rows per cob, grain percentage per cob and 1000-Grain Weight varied considerably as the fertilizer rates and planting densities had changed. The number of grains per row was not affected by planting densities and fertilizer rates. The corn actual yield was influenced by different factors such as cob length, cob diameter, number of grain rows per cob, number of grains per row and 1000-Grain Weight. The actual yield of experimental treatments varies greatly from 40.27 quintals ha-1 to 73.46 quintals ha-1. The highest yield (73.46 quintals ha-1) could be obtained when combining the planting density of D2 (66 thousand plants ha-1) with F4 fertilizer rate (180kg N + 80kg P2O5 + 100kg K2O) ha-1.

Topic: Crop Yield and Soil Fertility
Subfield: Agronomy and Crop Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Is a low transfusion threshold safe in critically ill patients with cardiovascular diseases?*

Objective To compare a restrictive red blood cell transfusion strategy with a more liberal strategy in volume-resuscitated critically ill patients with cardiovascular disease. Setting Twenty-two academic and three community critical care units across Canada. Study Design Randomized controlled clinical trial. Study Population Three hundred fifty-seven critically ill patients with cardiovascular diseases from the Transfusion Requirements in Critical Care trial who had a hemoglobin concentration of <90 g/L within 72 hrs of admission to the intensive care unit. Interventions Patients were randomized to a restrictive strategy to receive allogeneic red blood cell transfusions at a hemoglobin concentration of 70 g/L (and maintained between 70 and 90 g/L) or a liberal strategy to receive red blood cells at 100 g/L (and maintained between 100 and 120 g/L). Results Baseline characteristics in the restrictive (n = 160) and the liberal group (n = 197) were comparable, except for the use of cardiac and anesthetic drugs (p < .02). Average hemoglobin concentrations (85 ± 6.2 vs. 103 ± 6.7 g/L;p < .01) and red blood cell units transfused (2.4 ± 4.1 vs. 5.2 ± 5.0 red blood cell units;p < .01) were significantly lower in the restrictive compared with the liberal group. Overall, all mortality rates were similar in both study groups, including 30-day (23% vs. 23%;p = 1.00), 60-day, hospital, and intensive care unit rates. Changes in multiple organ dysfunction from baseline scores were significantly less in the restrictive transfusion group overall (0.2 ± 4.2 vs. 1.3 ± 4.4;p = .02). In the 257 patients with severe ischemic heart disease, there were no statistically significant differences in all survival measures, but this is the only subgroup where the restrictive group had lower but nonsignificant absolute survival rates compared with the patients in the liberal group. Conclusion A restrictive red blood cell transfusion strategy generally appears to be safe in most critically ill patients with cardiovascular disease, with the possible exception of patients with acute myocardial infarcts and unstable angina. (Crit Care Med 2001; 29:227–234)

Topic: Blood transfusion and management
Subfield: Biochemistry
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Insect ectoparasites of the Red-backed Shrike <i>Lanius collurio</i> in the Iberian Peninsula

Abstract Of the 26 Red-backed Shrike (Lanius collurio) sampled with the aim of characterizing insect ectoparasites, five birds were parasitized by louse flies. Two species were identified, Ornithophila metallica and Ornithomya fringillina . The first species is reported for the first time in the Red-backed Shrike, and the second represents a new host association in the Iberian Peninsula.

Topic: Bird parasitology and diseases
Subfield: Parasitology
Field: Immunology and Microbiology
Domain: Life Sciences
Imaging the distribution of bitumen contaminants in shallow coastal plain sands in Southwestern Nigeria using electrical resistivity

Abstract Naturally occurring bitumen seeps within the shallow subsurface contaminates soil and groundwater in communities within the eastern segment of the Dahomey Basin in southwestern Nigeria. Managing these contaminations require an understanding of the distribution of the bitumen seeps to isolate contaminated regions to avoid farming activities or drilling shallow drinking water wells within them. Several studies have assessed the shallow occurrence of bitumen in the region, focusing on their economic potentials and ignoring current challenges with soil and groundwater contamination in these communities. This study focuses on using electrical resistivity techniques with limited soil cores to delineate the distribution of bitumen seeps within the shallow subsurface in Imakun-Omi community in southwestern Nigeria. We used both 1D and 2D numerical and field approaches in this study. 13 vertical electrical soundings using a Schlumberger electrode array were first acquired to obtain the bulk resistivities and layer thicknesses. The 1D resistivity alongside well lithologic data served as prior data for a forward modelling study to assess the capability of resolving the bitumen seeps within electrically resistive coastal sands. Results of the forward modelling studies guided the acquisition of five 2D electrical resistivity profiles used to image the distribution of bitumen seeps using a Wenner electrode array with a unit electrode spacing of 2 m. Results of this study show that bitumen seeps with resistivities greater than 3, 000 Ohm-m are distributed within the top 4 m in the area and extends down to 10 m in some locations. Our numerical studies show that despite difficulties in imaging bitumen seeps within sediments overlain by higher electrical resistivity layers, reliable results can be derived, thus proving the versatility of electrical resistivity in delineating areas contaminated by bitumen seeps within shallow coastal sands.

Topic: Geophysical and Geoelectrical Methods
Subfield: Geophysics
Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences
Domain: Physical Sciences
Neolithic Arrowhead, Jebel al-Faya, Sharjah

Neolithic Stone Arrowhead, Jebel al-Faya, Sharjah, UAE. On display in the Mleiha Archaeological Center. 6th-5th millenium BCE. Catalog number FAY.NE1.72402. Processed in Reality Capture from 426 images. Source: Objaverse 1.0 / Sketchfab

Topic: Archaeology and Historical Studies
Subfield: Archeology
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Developing Dispositions of Collegiality and Professionalism in Online Doctoral Programs

In this chapter, the authors make the argument that online doctoral students need opportunities to develop scholarly dispositions, particularly dispositions associated with collegiality and professionalism. They make that argument by first defining what they mean by dispositions, then by making an argument for a dispositional standpoint of care and analysis, then by describing dispositions of collegiality and professionalism. They then articulate an understanding of how to support the accrual of these dispositions in online doctoral programs. They do this by attending to the hidden curriculum of graduate school, and then by arguing for making parts of that hidden curriculum more visible and explicit.

Topic: Higher Education Practises and Engagement
Subfield: Education
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
DISIPLIN KERJA DAN SEMANGAT KERJA DAMPAKNYA TERHADAP PRODUKTIVITAS KERJA KARYAWAN BAGIAN PRODUKSI PADA PT. NIKOMAS GEMILANG SERANG BANTEN

Every company that was founded has the hope that someday in the future will experience rapid development in the business environment of the company and wants the creation of high productivity in the field of work. This study aims to determine the effect of discipline and enthusiasm for work productivity employees at PT. Nikomas Gemilang Serang Banten. The research method used is quantitative methods with a correlational approach. The population of this study was 40 of employees and the determination of the number of samples of saturated sample techniques in which the entire population was sampled, as many as 40 samples. The results of the discipline study did not have an effect on work productivity in obtaining the results of tcount &lt;ttable or -0.182 &lt;1.68595 and the significance value was smaller than 0.05 ie 0.000 with a significance level &lt;0.05. Then it can be concluded that Ho was accepted and Ha was rejected. The influence of morale on work productivity is obtained tcount&gt; ttable or 4.028&gt; 1.68595 and the significance value is smaller than 0.05 which is 0.000 with a significance level &lt;0.05. Then it can be concluded that Ha was accepted and Ho was rejected. The conclusion of this study which states that the variables of discipline and work morale affect the work productivity of employees at PT. Nikomas Gemilang. Means an increase in discipline and morale will indirectly affect the performance of an employee

Topic: Employee Performance and Management
Subfield: Human Factors and Ergonomics
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
A study to assess the effectiveness of breathing exercises on selected pulmonary parameters on patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease at selected hospitals Chennai

The most frequent chronic lung disease characterized by increased resistivity to airflow as a result of airway obstruction. A study to assess the effectiveness of breathing exercises on selected pulmonary parameters on patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. To assess the pulmonary function before administering breathing exercises, to assess the pulmonary function after administering breathing exercises. The research design used in this study was quasi-experimental, two groups before and after design. Non-probability convenient sampling technique was followed to allow the samples to an experimental and control group. The tool contains 3 parts part A-demographic variables, part B-measurement of pulmonary parameters and part C-self-instructional module on breathing exercises. The practicing of breathing exercise was found to be effective in improving the pulmonary parameters. Younger age patients gained more breathing hold time after practicing breathing exercise. Non-smokers gained more chest expansion and PEFR after practicing breathing exercise. The results of the study were concluded that selected breathing exercises (Pursed lip and Diaphragmatic Breathing Exercise) given to the COPD patients was effective to improve in their pulmonary parameters.

Topic: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Research
Subfield: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Factors Associated with the Choice of a Theoretical Orientation for Master's Level Counselors-in-Training

A solid theoretical orientation is foundational to professional counselors’ conceptualization and treatment of clients, as well as their professional identities. Counselor educators and supervisors are charged with the task of guiding counselors-in-training (CITs) toward the identification and development of a personal theory of counseling that will serve to guide their work. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether age, sex, ethnicity, and thinking style correlated with a cognitive-behavioral theoretical orientation (CBTO) for CITs. The 144 participants in this study were master’s level professional CITs who were in their practicum or internship. Among the 144 study participants, 23 (16%) were male and 121 (84%) were female. The ethnic distribution was 122 (84.7%) Caucasian, six (4.2%) African American, six (4.2%) Hispanic or Latino, five (3.5%) Asian or Pacific Islander, and five (3.5%) Other. The average age in years was 30.6 (SD = 9.35) and the range was 22 to 61. The results showed a CIT with a Thinking Style II correlated weakly with a higher CBTO score and a CIT with a Thinking Style III tended to have a higher CBTO score. Finally, the investigation showed a CBTO was not significantly influenced by age, sex, or ethnicity. Implications and suggestions for future research are discussed.

Topic: Blood Coagulation and Thrombosis Mechanisms
Subfield: Hematology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences