jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Challenges of Sexuality Expression in Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder

Introduction Sexuality, although an essential component of human health, remains a controversial topic shrouded in stigma, particularly in the context of neurodiversity, which includes autism spectrum disorder (ASD), where the expression of sexuality presents unique challenges. Autism and sexuality is a complex and multifaceted topic that involves understanding the unique ways in which individuals on the autism spectrum experience and express their sexuality. Objectives The purpose of this work is to address the complexity of the biopsychosocial sexuality components of people with autism, promoting a shift in the medical perspective, societal attitudes, and supporting greater inclusion of these individuals in current discussions regarding this area of human behavior and experience. Methods Evidence-based review, through research conducted on PubMed and selection of the most relevant studies on this topic, published in the last decade. Results Sexuality in autism is now recognized as a normative and integral aspect of development and functioning. Existing research suggests that most individuals with ASD display a clear interest in sexuality and relationships, with a study reviling that 96% of the ASD sample expressed an interest in sexuality. Individuals with high autistic traits tended to identify themselves more times as bisexual or presented a sexuality not definable within the categories of heterosexual. The relationship between autism and gender dysphoria is an area of ongoing research and discussion. Studies have suggested a higher prevalence of gender diverse identities and experiences within the autism community compared to the general population. Various hypotheses have been proposed to explain the increased gender and sexual diversity among individuals with autism. People with ASD may face unique challenges when it comes to their sexuality. The impairments in social skills and communication central to ASD potentially impact an autistic individual’s expression and experience of sexuality by affecting their abilities to understand and interpret social cues, emotions, and nonverbal behaviors of others. Importantly, such individuals may be more vulnerable, as they may have different or even limited understanding of boundaries and consent. To address these challenges, it is important to acknowledge and respect the diversity of sexual experiences and desires among individuals with neuro(bio)logical differences. This can be done by providing accurate and inclusive sex education, creating safe spaces for such individuals to explore and express their sexuality, and working to address discrimination and abuse in intimate contexts. Conclusions Recognizing and respecting this diversity and fostering inclusive and accepting environments, we can help individuals with neurological differences to fully express and explore their sexuality and have satisfying sexual lives. Disclosure of Interest None Declared

Topic: Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
Subfield: Cognitive Neuroscience
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences
Small Big Data Congress 2017

TNO, in collaboration with the Big Data Value Center, presents the fourth Small Big Data Congress! Our congress aims at providing an overview of practical and innovative applications based on big data. Do you want to know what is happening in applied research with big data? And what can already be achieved through big data? This booklet rapidly takes you through the latest insights and advancements about big data in the Netherlands. By providing a platform for both usual and unusual suspects, the Small Big Data Congress aims at creating unexpected combinations between industry, government and research. The three-minute pitches that are presented are about new results with or new applications of big data. We have invited SMEs, larger businesses, governments and research institutes to share their latest innovations. In this booklet you find a summary of all pitches that are presented during our 2017 version of the congress.

Topic: Hermeneutics and Narrative Identity
Subfield: Philosophy
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Pig specific vascular anatomy allows acute infrarenal aortic occlusion without hind limb ischemia and stepwise occlusion without clinical signs

Objective: In a porcine, aortic graft model we found 5 animals to develop and survive unnoticed, complete infrarenal aortic occlusion and 2 pigs with an acute occlusion but rather unspecific clinical symptoms. We investigated the pigs' vascular system to classify the anatomic capabilities to compensate for an acute abdominal aortic occlusion. Design of study: Retrospective analysis of CT scans and clinical data to specify unexpected results in a case series of infrarenal occlusion in a porcine model. Setting: Collaborative study of experimental and clinical departments. Subjects: Fifteen healthy female minipigs. Interventions: All pigs underwent an infrarenal aortic graft intervention. Anesthesia and perioperative management of the animals were preformed along the standard operating procedures of the local Department of Experimental Medicine. All animals received perioperative antibiotics, ASS, and carprofen for postoperative analgesia. Arterial pressure, heart rate, body temperature, and diuresis were monitored during surgery and therapeutic interventions. Main outcome measures: Contrast media based computed tomography (CT) with total body scans were performed at 1, 4, 10, 12 weeks after surgery. Comparable scans of cardiovascular healthy subjects (humans and pigs) and patients with a Leriche's syndrome were analyzed. Results: Neither acute (within the first 12 h after surgery) nor stepwise total aortic occlusion show unmistakable clinical signs. In pigs, the epigastric artery (EGA) – which is in connection with suprarenal lumbal arteries, subclavian and external iliac artery – is highly developed associated to the high number of mammary glands of about 7 on one side. In humans, the ratio of aortic to EGA-diameter is 1 : 0.15. In minipigs we found a ratio of 1 : 0.43 which changed during aortic occlusion resulting in a ratio of 1 : 0.58. Pigs with a slowly developing occlusion demonstrated an enlargement of the ureteric artery of about 210% completing a sufficient collateral system. Conclusion: While in the human Leriche's syndrome months are needed to enlarge the EGAs for a partial collateral support of an infrarenal aortic occlusion the pig's EGA is a naturally sufficient collateral system capable to cover immediately for an acute infrarenal aortic occlusion. Further collateral enlargement even provides a permanent, sufficient hind limb perfusion in pigs. As the sufficient collateral system probably reduce pressure and shear rates in the infrarenal aortic segment after cross clamping, pigs might have a higher predisposition to produce early thrombosis related graft occlusions tan humans.

Topic: Aortic aneurysm repair treatments
Subfield: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Osteochondroma of the spine: an enigmatic tumor of the spinal cord. A series of 10 cases.

Osteochondromas of the spine are not as rare as reported in the literature. In a young patient of compressive myelopathy this possibility should be considered. Magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography and CT myelogram are useful in evaluating the size and extent of the lesion for subsequent surgical planning.

Topic: Bone Tumor Diagnosis and Treatments
Subfield: Rheumatology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
PARENT PARTICIPATION IN OCCUPATION SELECTIONS OF THEIR CHILDREN

Paternal participation popular a kid's vocation selections consumes lately knowledgeable a obvious upsurge. Klein and Faye stated popular obverse of adolescent university children whose paternities floated to announcement their hatchlings once nervousness ascended. They continually dragged the broods absent after circulation gridlocks. He remained once these best-selling children produced up, progressed after school then originated to the operate besides communicated toward their parentages beforehand approving toward a job. These parentages consume a public of their airplane that is actual defensive then unwilling to gutter vigor after their youngsters. These youngsters transport a advanced equal of parent participation in their occupation. This is a novel vision that remained before unidentified.

Topic: Hermeneutics and Narrative Identity
Subfield: Philosophy
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
DETERMINANTS OF IS OUTSOURCING DECISION:DEVELOPMENT OF AN INTEGRATEDMODEL AND TEST

There has been considerable research interest on the determinants of outsourcing of Information Systems. However, most of the past studies are quite fragmented and no comprehensive study and model exists. Based on four theoretical models (resource-based theory, resource dependence theory, transaction cost theory, and agency cost theory), we propose an integrated model of IS outsourcing determinants. The model contains nine constructs. The relationships between the constructs are validated using survey data from companies in Hong Kong. Based on the results, we derived a reduced model of IS outsourcing determinants. Our results show that market uncertainty of IS resources and outsourcing agency factors affect significantly the outsourcing costs. Furthermore, we find that market structure and IS outsourcing costs (agency costs and transaction costs) affect IS outsourcing decisions.

Topic: Outsourcing and Supply Chain Management
Subfield: Management Information Systems
Field: Business, Management and Accounting
Domain: Social Sciences
Early development of the telencephalon

Brain develops from embryonic ectoderm, one of the three germ layers of the embryo, the other two being endoderm and mesoderm. Much of our knowledge of early embryogenesis is derived from studies of amphibia, whose large eggs and embryos are relatively easy to observe and manipulate, and many of the main features are similar in mammals. This chapter deals with mammalian development, in particular the embryogenesis of the mouse, and the early development of the telencephalon. Mammalian embryogenesis and the emergence of the forebrain are discussed, along with the fate of the anterior neural plate, the anatomy of the developing telencephalon, the specification of telencephalic regional identity, the anatomy of the developing neocortex, cell proliferation and cell migration in neocortical development, the switch from neurogenesis to gliogenesis, cell lineage, and how the fates of cortical cells are determined.

Topic: Neurogenesis and neuroplasticity mechanisms
Subfield: Developmental Neuroscience
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences
Approximate black holes from a variable cosmological constant

The small or zero cosmological constant, $Λ$, probably results from a macroscopic cancellation mechanism of the zero-point energies. However, nearby horizon surfaces any macroscopic mechanism is expected to result in imperfect cancellations. A phenomenological description is given for the residual variable cosmological constant. In the static, spherically symmetric case it produces approximate black holes. The model describes the case of exponential decay by $\Box\lnΛ=-3a$, were $a$ is a positive constant.

Topic: Cosmology and Gravitation Theories
Subfield: Astronomy and Astrophysics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
The iron‐chelating agent picolinic acid enhances transferrin receptors expression in human erythroleukaemic cell lines

S ummary Picolinic acid, a metal chelating molecule, was administered to human erythroleukaemic cell lines (K 562 and HEL) that were grown in serum‐containing media. Picolinic acid inhibited both iron uptake and cell growth. Furthermore, picolinic acid was shown to markedly decrease the level of ferritin in the cells. In spite of the inhibition of cell growth, picolinic acid induced a marked increase in the transferrin‐binding capacity of the cells. This phenomenon was due to a two‐fivefold enhancement of the rate of transferrin receptor biosynthesis. Other iron‐chelating compounds, capable of reducing the level of intracellular iron, also elicited a marked enhancement of the transferrin‐binding capacity of the cells. However, the addition of iron, as ferric ammonium citrate, in the culture medium elicited a marked increase in the level of ferritin and a strong decrease in the transferrin‐binding capacity of the cells. On the basis of these data we propose that a feed‐back mechanism is involved in the regulation of transferrin receptors: when the cells accumulate iron they decrease the number of transferrin receptors in order to prevent further accumulation of iron; when no or low iron is available to the cells, the number of transferrin receptors markedly increases as a compensatory mechanism.

Topic: Iron Metabolism and Disorders
Subfield: Hematology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Isoforms of elongation factor eEF1A may be differently regulated at post-transcriptional level in breast cancer progression

Eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1A exists as two 98 % homologous isoforms: eEF1A1 (A1) and eEF1A2 (A2) which are tissue and development specific. Despite high homology in an open reading frame (ORF) region, mRNAs coding for eEF1A1 and eEF1A2 are different in their untranslated regions (UTR), suggesting a possibility of their dissimilar post-transcriptional regulation. Aim. To analyze the existence of cis-acting motifs in the UTRs of EEF1A1/A2 mRNAs, to confirm the possibility of post-transcriptional control of eEF1A1 and eEF1A2 expression. Methods. An ensemble of bioinformatic methods was applied to predict regulatory motifs in the UTRs of EEF1A1/A2 mRNAs. Dual-luciferase reporter assay was employed to detect post-transcriptional regulation of eEF1A1/A2 expression. Results. Numerous regulatory motifs in the UTR of EEF1A1/A2 mRNAs were found bioinformatically. The experimental evidence was obtained for the existence of negative regulation of EEF1A1 and positive regulation of EEF1A2 mRNA in the model of breast cancer development. Conclusions. EEF1A1 and EEF1A2 mRNAs contain distinct motifs in the UTRs and are differently regulated in cancer suggesting the possibility of their control by different cellular signals.

Topic: RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Aspects of temperature regulation in mice selected for large and small size

SUMMARY We measured traits involved in physiological and behavioural thermoregulation in the 6 replicates of a selection experiment for large and small size (6-week weight) in mice, including control lines (18 lines in all). The observed genetic correlations between body size and thermoregulatory traits are consistent with a thermoregulatory advantage of large size, including decreased weight-specific food consumption and increased nest-building, with no change in body temperature. The differences in food consumption were closely paralleled by differences in amount of brown adipose tissue, strongly suggesting that much of the decreased efficiency of the small lines is due to heat production by brown fat. These results are consistent with available observations on natural populations, that selection for temperature adaptation probably has had some influence on body size in this species.

Topic: Physiological and biochemical adaptations
Subfield: Ecology
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
CottonWeedDet12: a 12-class weed dataset of cotton production systems for benchmarking AI models for weed detection

The dataset CottonWeedDet12 consists of 5648 RGB images of 12-class weeds that are common in cotton fields in the southern U.S. states, with a total of 9370 bounding boxes. These images were acquired by either smartphones or hand-held digital cameras, under natural field light condition and throughout June to September of 2021. The images were manually labeled by qualified personnel for weed identification, and the labeling process was done using the VGG Image Annotator (version 2.10). The dataset, at the time of publication, is the largest publicly available multi-class dataset dedicated to weed detection. It expects to facilitate communicate efforts to exploit state-of-the-art deep learning method to push weed recognition to the next level. With the WeedDet12 dataset, a performance benchmark of a suite of YOLO object detectors has been built for weed detection. Detailed documentation of the dataset, model benchmarking and performance results is given in an accompanying journal paper: Dang, F., Chen, D., Lu, Y., Li, Z., 2023. YOLOWeeds: A novel benchmark of YOLO object detectors for multi-class weed detection in cotton production systems. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture 205, 107655. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2023.107655 If you use the dataset on a published publication, please cite the dataset or the journal article above.

Topic: Smart Agriculture and AI
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
A case report of Williams syndrome with main clinical manifestation of hypercalcemia and gastrointestinal bleeding as the main clinical manifestations, and with an accompanying literature review

Abstract Background Williams syndrome is an autosomal dominant multisystem disorder caused by a 1.5–1.8 Mb deletion on chromosome 7q11.23. It is characterized by facial deformations, cardiovascular abnormalities, developmental delays, gastrointestinal manifestations, and endocrine disorders. Case description A 1‐year‐old child presenting with developmental delays, special facial features, gastrointestinal bleeding, renal calcium deposition, and hypotonia was admitted to the hospital for “hypercalcemia and gastrointestinal bleeding.” Genetic testing showed a deletion mutation in the 7q11.23 region. Currently, the child receiving treatment to promote calcium excretion and rehabilitation training, but hypercalcemia has recurred. Conclusion The clinical phenotype of Williams syndrome is complex, and different severities, characterized by developmental delays, facial deformities, cardiovascular abnormalities, gastrointestinal symptoms and endocrine disorders, should be considered in children. The syndrome may require thorough genetic testing for diagnosis and early intervention treatment to improve patient quality of life.

Topic: Williams Syndrome Research
Subfield: Developmental Neuroscience
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences
Explaining the Emergence of Indigenous–Local Intergovernmental Relations in Settler Societies

There has been growing interest among practitioners and academics in the emergence of intergovernmental relations between local and Aboriginal governments in Canada. Initial research has focused on describing the nature of these relations but has yet to develop any theoretical expectations regarding why some communities are more likely to cooperate than others. We address this lacuna by developing a theoretical framework for explaining the emergence of cooperation between Aboriginal and local governments. After identifying a set of variables and specifying how they are likely to affect the propensity of communities to cooperate, we conclude with a discussion of how future researchers might use this framework to investigate cooperation and noncooperation between Aboriginal and local governments in Canada and in other settler societies.

Topic: Indigenous Health, Education, and Rights
Subfield: Health
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Design, development and validation of the RedBrick Health Assessment: a questionnaire-based study

Objectives Health risk assessment (HRA) questionnaires have become a popular tool to help quantify health issues within populations. Over the last decade HRAs have increasingly been delivered in the online environment. The objective of this study was to create and validate an HRA that is optimized for delivery via the Internet. Design After an iterative process of user testing and interface design the RedBrick Health Assessment (RBHA) was validated against known domain specific questionnaires with 464 working Americans, and with medical claims data from over 25,000 employees. Setting All consumer testing, data capture and analysis occurred at the offices of RedBrick Health Corporation, Minneapolis, USA and via a secure online portal. Participants Individuals in full-time employment in the USA, who were between 18 and 65 years of age at the time inquiry. Main outcome measures Correlation of the included RBHA domains with the output from known gold standard health question sets for each assessed health domain. Results The iterative development process employed in creating the RBHA produced a tool that had a high degree of user acceptability. The domains demonstrated good correlations with relevant gold standard questionnaire measures, good internal consistency, and acceptable sensitivity and specificity when compared to gold standard risk stratification and high-risk classification (specificity of domains ranged from 76–94%). A test–retest correlation co-efficient of 0.7, or greater, was achieved 8 weeks after initial completion. Conclusions The RBHA is a new breed of HRA that has been specifically developed for capturing health status information in an online environment. At its heart is user centricity and this focus has enabled the creation of a tool that is not only highly engaging but also captures accurate and robust health status information.

Topic: School Health and Nursing Education
Subfield: Speech and Hearing
Field: Health Professions
Domain: Health Sciences
Developing Differentiable Long-Range Force Field for Proteins with E(3) Neural Network Predicted Asymptotic Parameters

Accurately describing long-range interactions is a significant challenge in molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of proteins. And high-quality long-range potential is also an important component of range-separated machine learning force field. This study introduces a comprehensive asymptotic parameter database, encompassing atomic multipole moments, polarizabilities, and dispersion coefficients. Leveraging active learning, our database comprehensively represents protein fragments with up to 8 heavy atoms, capturing their conformational diversity with merely 78,000 data points. Additionally, E(3) neural network (E3NN) is employed to predict the asymptotic parameters directly from the local geometry. The E3NN models demonstrate exceptional accuracy and transferability across all asymptotic parameters, achieving an R2 of 0.999 for both protein fragments and 20 amino acid dipeptide test sets. The long range electrostatic and dispersion energies can be obtained using the the E3NN-predited parameters, with an error of 0.07 and 0.02 kcal/mol, respectively, when compared to Symmetry-Adapted Perturbation Theory (SAPT). Therefore, our force fields demonstrate the capability to accurately describe long-range interactions in proteins, paving the way for the nextgeneration protein force fields.

Topic: Protein Structure and Dynamics
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Supplementary Figures 1 - 10 from Improved Statistical Modeling of Tumor Growth and Treatment Effect in Preclinical Animal Studies with Highly Heterogeneous Responses &lt;i&gt;In Vivo&lt;/i&gt;

&lt;p&gt;PDF file, 1943K, Data on real and simulated tumor growth experiments and power and precision analyses.&lt;/p&gt;

Topic: Statistical Methods in Clinical Trials
Subfield: Statistics and Probability
Field: Mathematics
Domain: Physical Sciences