jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
HGRID: A self configuring Grid Resource Discovery

Grid Resource Discovery Service is a fundamental problem that has been the focus of research in the recent past. We propose a scheme that presents essential characteristics for efficient, self-configuring and fault-tolerant resource discovery able to handle dynamic attributes such as memory capacity. Our approach consists of an overlay network with a hypercube topology connecting the grid nodes and a scalable, fault-tolerant, self-configuring search algorithm. By design, the algorithm improves the probability of reaching all working nodes in the system, even in the presence of non-alive nodes (inaccessible, crashed or nodes loaded by heavy traffic). We analyze the static resilience of the approach presented, which is the measure of how well the algorithm can discover resources without having to update the routing tables. The results show that the presented approach has significantly high static resilience.

Topic: Distributed and Parallel Computing Systems
Subfield: Computer Networks and Communications
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
A Random‐XFEM technique modeling of hydraulic fracture interaction with natural void

Abstract In this paper, a Random‐XFEM technology was employed to simulate hydraulic fracture interaction with the natural void in a random field of Young's modulus. The random distribution of Young's modulus is characterized by random field theory, while the stress and pressure fields fracturing were solved by the extended finite element method. And a Random‐XFEM iteration algorithm was proposed to solve the hydraulic fracture propagation problem. Then the proposed model was verified against the KGD model and numerical study. A series of numerical examples were presented to analyze the interaction mechanism of hydraulic fracture and void in a random field. The numerical results show that the random field of Young's modulus has a great impact on the hydraulic fracture propagation path. Under the random distribution of Young's modulus, the hydraulic fracture would deviate from the direction of maximum horizontal principal stress. And the random field parameters (Young's modulus mean and point variance) have different effects on the hydraulic fracture propagation path. Also, the interaction patterns of hydraulic fracture and void are greatly affected by random fields.

Topic: Numerical methods in engineering
Subfield: Mechanics of Materials
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
ML-Based Network Anomaly Detection

This paper introduces an anomaly detection system empowered by machine learning to address the shortcomings of traditional signature-based methods in combating modern cyber threats like zero-day exploits and encrypted traffic.By leveraging machine learning, this system offers dynamic and proactive protection against evolving threats in global communications impacted by the Internet.This research explores the transformative role of machine learning in enhancing cybersecurity, emphasizing the need for adaptive defenses in response to continually evolving cyber threats.

Topic: Network Security and Intrusion Detection
Subfield: Computer Networks and Communications
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
[Distribution of ABH antigens in tumours of the bladder. A retrospective immunofluorescence study (author's transl)].

ABH antigens are normally present on the surface of the healthy urinary epithelium. In a significant number of patients with tumour of the bladder the epithelium loses these antigens. The loss appears to be unrelated to the grade or stage of the tumour, but the prognosis seems to be brighter when the ABH antigens are retained.

Topic: Bladder and Urothelial Cancer Treatments
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Surgical management of BCG vaccine-induced regional axillary lymphadenitis in HIV-infected children

There are as yet no clear surgical guidelines for the management of BCG vaccine-induced regional axillary lymphadenopathy. Objectives. The aim of this study was to evaluate the management of the condition and to suggest possible management strategies. Methods. A retrospective study was undertaken of 23 cases of suspected ipsilateral BCG adenitis following neonatal BCG inoculation (2001 - 2004). Diagnosis of a BCG infection was confirmed by culture and/or gastric washout. The age of the patient and mode of presentation, imaging findings, and results of tuberculin skin testing (Mantoux test) were documented. Because of a change in management policy the first group of patients treated by primary surgery were compared with those treated by fine-needle aspiration (FNA). The influence of HIV status on outcome was assessed. Surgical complications and outcome were analysed. Results. Twenty-three children under 13 years of age (mean age 8.8 months, male/female ratio 1.9:1) were evaluated. Eighteen patients tested positive for HIV and 5 were HIV-negative. A positive culture for BCG bacillus was identified in 19 cases (83%) - by FNA (N=13, 68%), on pus swab (N=3, 16%), at surgery (N=1, 5%), and by gastric washing (N=2,11 %). Three HIV-negative children had granulomas on histological examination without a positive culture. Forty-five per cent of the 11 patients treated early in the study period by primary surgery (drainage/biopsy) had complications, which included a difficult anaesthetic induction and technical surgical difficulties. The postoperative incidence of wound dehiscence/infection was extremely high in this group and 18.2% developed postoperative cutaneous sinuses. Following a change in management policy, the following 12 patients, with a comparable HIV incidence, treated by initial conservative management, had a much lower incidence of post-procedural complications. Conclusion. This study confirms a high perioperative complication rate associated with the primary surgical treatment of BCG lymphadenitis in both HIV-positive and negative patients. Primary surgical treatment (incisional drainage or biopsy) is therefore not considered an ideal form of management in BCG lymphadenitis because of the high fistulisation and poor wound healing, especially in the HIV-positive patient. It should be avoided as the initial approach, with needle aspiration being preferred. Surgery should therefore be confined to the unusual event of real doubt about the underlying diagnosis and the treatment of suppurative complications.

Topic: Immunodeficiency and Autoimmune Disorders
Subfield: Immunology
Field: Immunology and Microbiology
Domain: Life Sciences
Stochastic modelling and analysis of warehouse operations

This thesis has studied stochastic models and analysis of warehouse operations. After an overview of stochastic research in warehouse operations, we explore the following topics.\nFirstly, we search optimal batch sizes in a parallel-aisle warehouse with online order arrivals. We employ a sample path optimization and perturbation analysis algorithm to search the optimal batch size for a warehousing service provider, and a central finite difference algorithm to search the optimal batch sizes from the perspectives of customers and total systems. \nSecondly, we research a polling-based dynamic order picking system for online retailers. We build models to describe and analyze such systems via stochastic polling theory, find closed-form expressions for the order line waiting times, and apply polling-based picking to online retailers.\nWe then present closed-form analytic expressions for pick rates of order picking bucket brigades systems in differen

Topic: Organizational Management and Leadership
Subfield: Management of Technology and Innovation
Field: Business, Management and Accounting
Domain: Social Sciences
Oxalate and Phytate Concentrations in Seeds of Soybean Cultivars

This study analyzed soybean seeds from 116 cultivars for total, insoluble, and soluble oxalate (Ox), phytate (InsP6), calcium (Ca), and magnesium (Mg) because of their potential beneficial or harmful effects on human nutrition. These cultivars were divided into four groups (A-D) on the basis of the year and geographic location where they were grown. Oxalate concentration ranged from about 82 to 285 mg/100 g of dry seed. The InsP6 concentration ranged from 0.22 to 2.22 g/100 g of dry seed. There was no correlation between Ox and InsP6 within or among the four groups of cultivars. There was a significant correlation between total Ox and Ca, but not Mg, in group D cultivars (r ) 0.3705; p &lt; 0.0005). No significant relationship was found in the group A-C cultivars. Eleven group D cultivars had InsP6 less than 500 mg/100 g, but all had total Ox of 130 mg/100 g or greater. Five cultivars from groups A-C had relatively low InsP6 (group B; e1.01 g/100 g) and low Ox (

Topic: Orthopedic Infections and Treatments
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Recommendation: Computational prediction of ω-transaminase selectivity by deep learning analysis of molecular dynamics trajectories — R0/PR3

We previously presented a computational protocol to predict the enzymatic (enantio)selectivity of an ω-transaminase towards a set of ligands (Ramírez-Palacios et al. (2021) Journal of Chemical Information and Modeling 61(11), 5569–5580) by counting the number of binding poses present in molecular dynamics (MD) simulations that met a defined set of geometric criteria. The geometric criteria consisted of a hand-crafted set of distances, angles and dihedrals deemed to be important for the enzymatic reaction to take place. In this work, the MD trajectories are reanalysed using a deep-learning approach to predict the enantiopreference of the enzyme without the need for hand-crafted criteria. We show that a convolutional neural network is capable of classifying the trajectories as belonging to the 'reactive' or 'non-reactive' enantiomer (binary classification) with a good accuracy (>0.90). The new method reduces the computational cost of the methodology, because it does not necessitate the sampling approach from the previous work. We also show that analysing how neural networks reach specific decisions can aid hand-crafted approaches (e.g. definition of near-attack conformations, or binding poses).

Topic: Microbial Metabolic Engineering and Bioproduction
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
A Mobility Based Cooperative MAC Protocol for Wireless Networks

In this paper, we propose a cooperative MAC protocol based on IEEE 802.11 standard for wireless ad hoc networks. In this protocol, a low data rate direct transmission link is replaced by two faster transmission links using an appropriate relay node. We investigate the challenges and issues of this problem by designing an efficient MAC scheme to improve the network throughput by finding the best relay node. Assuming that the relay node is fixed for a given interval time, the effect of nodes’ mobility in finding the best relay node is investigated. The proposed scheme introduces a solution to improve the throughput and preserve the cooperation stability in the mobile ad hoc networks. To validate the protocol, we compare the results with CoopMAC protocol. Simulation results show that the proposed protocol outperforms the CoopMAC protocol in terms of throughput.

Topic: Hermeneutics and Narrative Identity
Subfield: Philosophy
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
The Role of Electrical Cardiometry in Paediatrics and Neonatal Anaesthesia and Intensive Care: A Narrative Review

Invasive hemodynamic monitoring could be challenging among pediatrics, particularly infants and new-borns. This current narrative review aims to discuss and present the published literature that addresses the optimal use and validity of the electrical cardiometry (EC) device among pediatrics. This is a non-invasive continuous cardiac output and hemodynamic monitor that measures the electrical transthoracic bioimpedance. Literature search focused on PubMed (MEDLINE), Saudi Digital library (SDL), and Google Scholar database between 2010 and 2022. English language studies were included only. The retrieved data were peer-reviewed manuscripts, including print publications and case presentations. This review provided evidence that EC monitoring among the pediatrics age group was able to track CO changes over the time (Trend). However, EC absolute values for CO were interchangeable with the CO measurements derived from the thermodilution technique in some studies and were not interchangeable in some others. The variation in clinical conditions and surgical procedures affected the performance EC CO. In specific clinical scenarios, EC CO trend changes proved to be of extreme help during transportations and in operating rooms during PDA ligation. The EC technology is easy to use and is an addition for future developments in monitoring, particularly for the pediatric age group. More studies are recommended to improve further the precision of the absolute CO measurements and to study the impact of the EC on short- and long-term clinical outcomes.

Topic: Hemodynamic Monitoring and Therapy
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Antioxidant, Phytotoxic and Antiurease Activities, and Total Phenolic and Flavonoid Contents of &lt;i&gt;Conocarpus lancifolius&lt;/i&gt; (Combretaceae)

Purpose: To evaluate the antioxidant, phytotoxic and anti-urease properties of dichloromethane and methanol extracts of Conocarpus lancifolius in correlation with total phenolic and flavonoid contents.Methods: The whole plant (dried aerial parts and root) of Conocarpus lancifolius was extracted successively with dichloromethane, methanol and water at room temperature. Antioxidant activity was determined by DPPH, Nitric oxide scavenging and FRAP methods. Phytotoxicity was performed by Lemna minor assay and analyzed relative to control with effective dose (ED50) to determine FI50 values (concentration necessary to inhibit 50 % frond proliferation) and 65 % confidence intervals. Urease inhibitory activity was assessed at a concentration of 125 μg/mL by Berthelot reaction with slight modification. Total phenolic contents were calculated with reference to gallic acid equivalent and confirmed by Folin and Ciocalteau's phenol method. Total flavonoid was determined with reference to quercetin.Results: The DPPH and hydroxyl radical scavenging activities of the methanol extract were 93.35 %. The phytotoxicity of the methanol extract was 90 % growth regulation while the anti-urease inhibitory activity was 91.1 % with half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 49.1 ± 1.3 μg/mL. Total flavonoid contents of dichloromethane extract was 629.4 ± 1.57 μg/mL. The phenolic content of the extract calculated with reference to quercetin, gallic acid, chlorogenic acid, ferulic acid and 4-hydroxy 3-methoxy benzoic acid equivalent was 45.772, 9.779, 70.304, 74.93 and 57.80 ppm, respectively.Conclusion: The results confirm that Conocarpus lancifolius extracts possess some antioxidant, phytotoxicity and anti-urease potentials due to its phenolic and flavonoid contents.Keywords: Antioxidant, Phenolics, Falvonoids, Phytotoxicity, Anti- urease, Conocarpus lancifolius

Topic: Leaf Properties and Growth Measurement
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Nonpolio Enterovirus Infections in Neonates

There are currently 12 species and over 100 serotypes that have been identified in the enterovirus genus, including the coxsackieviruses, echoviruses, and polioviruses. Since their discovery 65 years ago, much has been discovered and continues to be researched regarding the pathogenicity and scope of disease of nonpolio enteroviruses. Like many infections, enteroviruses have been found to affect neonates much differently, and often more severely, than older children and adults. Neonatal infections often cause mild illnesses with nonspecific symptoms, but they may also have severe presentations involving the cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, hematologic, or central nervous systems. This article provides an overview of what is known about nonpolio enteroviruses in neonates including epidemiology, transmission, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment. [ Pediatr Ann . 2015;44(5):e103–e107.]

Topic: Viral Infections and Immunology Research
Subfield: Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
The study of the beneficial effects of ginger on human health: A critical review

Ginger appears to have been used as a spice and a medicine from early times by the Chinese and the Indians. It has been studied for its antibacterian, antifungal, pain-relieving anti-ulcer, antitumor and other properties). The rhizome of Ginger has long been used in Ayurvedic and traditional Chinese medicine to treat a wide range of ailments including gastrointestinal disorders, mainly nausea and vomiting associated with motion sickness. It has been recommended by herbalists for use as a carminative, diaphoretic, expectorant and astringent. Like many medicinal herbs, much of the information has been handed down by word of mouth with little controlled scientific evidence to support the numerous claims. However, in the last few years, more organized scientific investigation have focused on the mechanism and targets of ginger and its various components. Ginger (Z. Officinal’s Roscoc, Zingibera ceae) is not only widely used as a dietary condiment but it has also been extensively utilized as a traditional medicine. Ginger’s anti inflammatory properties help relieve pain and reduce inflammation associated with arthritis rheumatism and muscle spasm. Ginger also has been found to increase gastric-juice secreation and the production of hypochloride. It mean that food is digested more quickly, creating an unfriendly environment for bacteria.

Topic: Ginger and Zingiberaceae research
Subfield: Pharmacology
Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics
Domain: Life Sciences
Ontogenic changes in the digestive enzyme activities and the effect of different starvation duration on the digestive enzyme activities of larval red swamp crayfish (<i>Procambarus clarkii</i>)

This study was performed to determine the effect of starvation and delayed feeding on activities of digestive enzymes and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) of larval red swamp crayfish (Procambarus clarkii), so as to reveal the tolerance to prolonged starvation and the recovery of digestive enzymes after delayed feeding in larval and juvenile P. clarkii. In the control group, activities of trypsin and ALP increased significantly (p < .05) with day-age and then kept constant at 24 days after hatching (DAH) and 10 DAH, respectively, whereas the activities of amylase and pepsin increased firstly then decreased with day-age, and the activity of lipase increased firstly then decreased and then increased again during the development period of juvenile P. clarkii (1–31 DAH). In the group with continuous starvation (CS), activities of pepsin and lipase both decreased (p < .05) after fasting, and the activities of pepsin, lipase and trypsin in the groups with delayed feeding all increased (p < .05) and recover to the levels of the control group after food supply. However, the activity of amylase increased (p < .05) in the CS group, and it decreased to normal level after food supply. The ALP activity did not significantly (p > .05) vary after starvation, whereas it decreased in the groups with delayed feeding after 1 day of food supply, and then increased back to the level similar with the control group. Results from this study could provide information for diet preparation and feeding regime in larval and juvenile red swamp crayfish culture.

Topic: Crustacean biology and ecology
Subfield: Ecology
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Medical quality in Bangladesh.

This paper focuses on an effective, sustainable system of assuring medical quality in clinical services in Bangladesh. Over time, Bangladesh was able to sustain high quality services by shifting its focus from monitoring quality in individual sites to supporting medical monitoring on the national, district, and local levels. It is evident that from 1974 up to the present through the combined effort between the government and nongovernmental organizations, Bangladesh had gone a long way of achieving high quality services. Activities such as those of the Association for Voluntary Surgical Contraception (AVSC) are discussed; the way in which the AVSC works with the Bangladesh government to help maintain quality in all sites where family planning methods are delivered. The AVSC, in collaboration with Bangladesh Association for Voluntary Sterilization, established a medical monitoring system. This system consisted of mobile teams of foreign experts evolved into the Family Planning Clinical Supervision Teams.

Topic: Global Maternal and Child Health
Subfield: Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Sarcoidosis presenting as senile dementia

Cerebral sarcoidosis was found at autography in a 68-year-old woman with progressive dementia. Of 35 previously reported cases of central nervous system sarcoidosis with dementia, only 1 was over 65 years old, and in only 2 was the presenting clinical syndrome that of a degenerative dementia. Other unusual features of the index case include the restriction of the initial cognitive deficit to memory loss and mild anomia, the scarcity of antemortem evidence for systemic sarcoidosis, a positive tuberculin test, a cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) protein concentration as high as 2028 mg per deciliter. sarcoidosis is a rare but potentially treatable cause of dementia. Consistently normal CSF probably excludes the diagnosis.

Topic: Sarcoidosis and Beryllium Toxicity Research
Subfield: Physiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Coordinated measurements of ELF transmission anomalies and the precipitation of energetic particles into the ionosphere

Stimulated by previous findings of a positive qualitative correlation between anomalous ELF signal levels and the occurrence of significant fluxes of precipitating energetic particles, coordinated exercises were conducted between satellite measurements of the precipitating particles and ELF transmissions between the US Navy Wisconsin Test Facility and receiving stations in Maryland, Greenland, Norway, and Italy. Significant fluxes of precipitating electrons were often measured with the Lockheed pay load on the polar‐orbiting satellite 1972–076B. In March‐April 1976 the received signal strengths were found generally to increase during periods when the geomagnetic K indices were higher and when the fluxes of precipitating electrons &gt;160 keV were greater on the average. During other coordinated exercises in March‐April 1975 the general correlations were less evident. Based on the fluxes, energy spectra, and pitch‐angle distributions of the particles, ion‐pair production profiles have been calculated and electron density profiles subsequently obtained with application of known effective electron loss rates. From the coordinated data, correlative studies between signal strengths and electron density profiles have been performed with use of an ELF waveguide mode computer program developed at the Naval Ocean Systems Center. The propagation path to each station of interest is segmented into different regions with an averaging perpendicular to the direction of propagation of the waveguide parameters. With the inclusion of data from several stations, the transmission signal strengths could be studied simultaneously under a variety of ionospheric conditions. The waveguide computer program calculations indicated that energetic electron precipitation events may cause a signal enhancement or degradation, depending upon where the disturbance is occurring along the path. The consistent occurrence during electron precipitation events of signal strength anomalies in either direction is supported by the coordinated satellite/ELF station measurements.

Topic: Ionosphere and magnetosphere dynamics
Subfield: Astronomy and Astrophysics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences