jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Molecular characteristics of mitochondrial DNA and phylogenetic analysis of the hybrid loach of <i>Misgurnus anguillicaudatus</i> (female) and <i>M. bipartitus</i> (male)

The hybrid loach of M. anguillicaudatus (female) and M. bipartitus (male) have the desirable trait of growth performance. Recently, farming scale of this hybrid has been gradually increased in Asia, suggesting a promise of a new variety for loach. In this study, the complete mitochondrial genome of the hybrid loach was obtained by PCR. The genome is 16,647 bp in length, including 2 ribosomal RNA genes. 13 protein-coding genes, 22 transfer RNA genes, and a non-coding control region, the gene composition and order of which was similar to most reported from other vertebrates. Sequence analysis showed that the overall base composition is 29.75% for A, 28.28% for T, 25.61% for C, and 16.36% for G. The phylogenetic tree showed that Misgurnus family got together for one branch, which includes this hybrid loach, and the other loaches had their own branches. Also, the mitochondrial genome sequence of the hybrid loach was aligned by BLAST, compared with Cobitinae the sequence similarity could reach >95%, and the similarity to Misgurnus was >99%. The hybrid loach follows the matrilineal inheritance.

Topic: Fish Biology and Ecology Studies
Subfield: Aquatic Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Macroscopic quantum tunneling in magnetic proteins

We report low-temperature measurements of the frequency-dependent magnetic noise and magnetic susceptibility of nanometer-scale antiferromagnetic horse-spleen ferritin particles, using an integrated dc SQUID microsusceptometer. A sharply defined resonance near 1 MHz develops below T\ensuremath{\sim}0.2 K. The behavior of this resonance as a function of temperature, applied magnetic field, and particle concentration indicates that it results from macroscopic quantum tunneling of the N\'eel vector of the antiferromagnets.

Topic: Phytoplasmas and Hemiptera pathogens
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Progress in use of beta-blockers for cardiovascular diseases

β受体阻滞剂(beta-blocker)过去多作为抗心律失常药应用于临床,近年来其应用范围逐渐扩大,现已应用于抗高血压、纠正心肌缺血、改善心功能[1],品种及剂型也日新月异,其作用机制是多方面的,至今尚未完全清楚,不同制剂作用机制亦有差别,其核心作用是预防儿茶酚胺的心脏毒性作用。

Topic: Pharmacological Receptor Mechanisms and Effects
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
THE EFFECT OF RECOMBINANT BASIC FIBROBLAST GROWTH FACTOR (bFGF) IN FIBRIN ADHESIVE VEHICLE ON THE HEALING OF ISCHAEMIC AND NORMAL INCISIONAL SKIN WOUNDS

Normal and ischaemic incisional wounds in rats were treated with recombinant human basic fibroblast growth factor (rbFGF) in fibrin adhesive vehicle. After 10 days of healing the maximum load*S and stress*S (S denotes correction for shrinkage) of ischaemic wounds were increased by 45% and 39%, respectively, after treatment with 20 micrograms rbFGF and by 67% and 56% after treatment with 60 micrograms rbFGF. After 20 days only 20 micrograms rbFGF had any effect and increased maximum load*S by 31% and energy at maximum (load*S, stress*S) by 40%-48%. In normal wounds 0.6-20 micrograms and 60 micrograms rbFGF decreased the strength parameters by 19%-34% and 49%-52%, respectively, after 10 days. After 20 days there was no negative influence but 60 micrograms rbFGF increased the biomechanical properties by 15%-24%. Treatment with the fibrin adhesive vehicle alone decreased the biomechanical properties of ischaemic wounds after 20 days, and of normal wounds after both 10 and 20 days. In conclusion, rbFGF can improve the healing of ischaemic wounds and may be used in the treatment of ischaemic wounds in patients, but it can have negative effects on normal wound healing.

Topic: Hemostasis and retained surgical items
Subfield: Hematology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Examination and Inspection of Combination of Sport and Media from the Angle of Social Culture: Reading Television Sport

This paper regardes reading TV sports as the main clue, and then analyzes the specialty attribute that the sports and TV are combined and established the intergrowth relationship. This article discusses how TV built and reconstructed the course of sports on the two-dimensional level of TV according to its own criterion and representing to the audiences. It explaines TV sports with media's text meaning from emphasizing winners' world, stressing individuality, strengthening the satisfaction of agency and media's culture spectacle and so on.

Topic: Sports, Gender, and Society
Subfield: Gender Studies
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Fundamental Limit on ``Interaction Free'' Measurements

In ``interaction free'' measurements, one typically wants to detect the presence of an object without touching it with even a single photon. One often imagines a bomb whose trigger is an extremely sensitive measuring device whose presence we would like to detect without triggering it. We point out that all such measuring devices have a maximum sensitivity set by the uncertainty principle, and thus can only determine whether a measurement is ``interaction free'' to within a finite minimum resolution. We further discuss exactly what can be achieved with the proposed ``interaction free'' measurement schemes.

Topic: Single-cell and spatial transcriptomics
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Between‐ vs. within‐family analyses of the correlation of height and intelligence

Abstract Small but consistently positive correlations between standing height and general intelligence (the unrotated first principal component across the battery of cognitive tests) were found across sexes, racial/ethnic groups (Americans of European vs. Americans of Japanese ancestry), and generations in data from the Hawaii Family Study of Cognition. Sibling data produced significant height‐intelligence correlations for sibling pair means (i.e., between‐family differences) but not for within sibling pair differences. The lack of within‐family height‐intelligence correlations suggested that the two traits were linked due to cross‐assortative mating and/or between‐family environmental influences (e.g., nutrition) affecting both traits. Some evidence for both of these explanations was found.

Topic: Birth, Development, and Health
Subfield: Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Womb for rent: Surrogative Mothers: Religious, Ethical, Legal and Social Prospective in Malaysia

Surrogacy is becoming a trend in many developing countries in the West as well as in India. The trend may be introduced in Malaysia due to many influential factors such as the mass media and celebrities namely Nicole Kidman and Shah Rukh Khan. Therefore, it is vital for us to understand the basic knowledge of Malaysian with regard to religious and ethical views on surrogacy because these determine the growth of trend with respect to surrogacy. If surrogacy is to be made commercialised in Malaysia, it is also important to take into account the different criterion needed in making the pregnancy healthy up to child birth and hence reduce the mortality and morbidity rate. Lastly, the outcome of this research also supports the need of legislation improvement on surrogacy because there are many repercussion of surrogacy that may arise due to the many debates that may arise throughout or after the service of surrogacy. There is no clear indication or law against surrogacy in Malaysia. However, it is stated in Fatwa whereby the act of surrogacy is forbidden among Muslims. Majority of medical practitioners are oblivious to the law enforced against surrogacy as it is not known to be a major issue. Ethical views regarding surrogacy shows that majority of the medical practitioners believe that the act of surrogacy is unethical. Hence, from the finding of religious and ethical perspectives on surrogacy shows that these aspects contribute to the low acceptance of surrogacy in Malaysia.

Topic: Marriage and Family Dynamics
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Protein fractionation and properties of salicornia meal

Abstract Salicornia bigelovii Torr. is an annual salt‐marsh oilseed plant. Hexane‐defatted salicornia meal was extracted sequentially with 0.5 M sodium chloride (2x), water, 70% ethanol, and 0.1 N sodium hydroxide (2x). Each sodium chloride extract was dialyzed against deionized water and centrifuged to separate a water‐soluble fraction (albumin) from a salt‐soluble fraction (globulin) before freeze‐drying. Ethanol extracts and neutralized sodium hydroxide extracts (glutelin) were dialyzed against water and freeze‐dried. Globulin accounted for the highest amount of protein nitrogen, followed by glutelin and albumin. SDS‐PAGE of reduced albumin, globulin, and glutelin showed a number of protein bands. Nitrogen solubility of defatted salicornia meal from pH 2 to 11 indicated a minimum solubility of 22%, around pH 4.5. Nonprotein nitrogen of defatted meal was 23% of total nitrogen, higher than defatted soybean, sunflower, and rapeseed meals. Albumin had the highest proportion of lysine and sulfur amino acids per 16 g nitrogen among all the fractions analyzed.

Topic: Phytochemicals and Antioxidant Activities
Subfield: Biochemistry
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Supplemental Figure 4 from ΔNP63α Transcriptionally Activates Chemokine Receptor 4 (CXCR4) Expression to Regulate Breast Cancer Stem Cell Activity and Chemotaxis

&lt;p&gt;Supplemental Figure 4: Chromatin Immunoprecipitation Assay in Immortalized Mammary Epithelial Cells (IMEC). A) ChIP assay performed on IMEC cells using anti-p63 (4A4) and IgG isotype antibodies which were then subjected to real-time PCR. Values are mean relative binding activity over isotype control for endogenous Î”NP63Î±. B) Predicted p63 binding sites on the CXCR4 gene promoter regions [base pairs from transcription start site (TSS) denoted]. Bottom: ChIP assay performed on SUM-102 cells infected with an adenovirus encoding Î”NP63Î±. C) ChIP negative control: Ct-values from qRT-PCR using primers for genomic regions within the CXCR4 promoter devoid of putative Î”NP63Î± binding motifs on SUM-102 lysates that were subjected to ChIP using anti-p63 (4A4) and IgG isotype antibodies. No enrichment of p63 was observed at these sites compared to input and IgG isotype control.&lt;/p&gt;

Topic: Virus-based gene therapy research
Subfield: Genetics
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
[Detection of <i>GNAQ</i>/ 11 Mutations in Uveal Melanoma Patients' FFPE DNA with Droplet Digital PCR].

The results of ddPCR and Sanger sequencing showed good consistency, and the mutation ratio of <i>GNAQ</i>/11 in UM was significantly different. <i>GNAQ</i>/11 mutation frequency in UM patients detected by ddPCR was close to the reported frequency. It is more recommended to use ddPCR with high sensitivity to detect gene mutations in samples of tumor tissue DNA derived from FFPE. Sanger sequencing is prone to false negative results.

Topic: Ocular Oncology and Treatments
Subfield: Ophthalmology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Positional Error Estimation in Serial Link Manipulator Under Joint Clearances and Backlash

The serial link manipulators are most commonly used for industrial applications. The positional accuracy is an important specification for performance evaluation of a serial chain manipulator. The factors influencing the positional accuracy of serial link robotic manipulator includes joint clearances, and drive backlash. This paper presents method for evaluating the effect of joint error on positional accuracy of the robotic manipulator. Serial chain Two Revolute Joint (2R) planar manipulator is modeled to position the end effector in workspace. The inverse kinematic analysis under ideal joint provides the link properties for respective end effector location. Formulation for manipulator link properties under influence of the joint clearance is presented. Effect of drive backlash on positional accuracy of end effector is analyzed. Positional deviations at end effector positions over workspace are estimated. Maximum error under influence of backlash and clearances is estimated at all possible end effector positions.

Topic: Robotic Mechanisms and Dynamics
Subfield: Control and Systems Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Abstract 3857: Hedgehog signaling in primary prostate tumors and associated metastases

Abstract Malignant activation of the Hedgehog (Hh) pathway is associated with multiple tumor types. The Hh pathway can promote growth of certain cancers via three modes of malignant activation: ligand-dependent signaling either to the tumor cell itself or between the tumor and its microenvironment, and ligand-independent signaling activated by genetic mutations. In certain cancers, tumor-derived Hh ligand signals in a paracrine manner to the stromal cells in the microenvironment that support tumor cell growth. Using a sensitive immunohistochemistry method for detecting Hh ligand, 83 percent of 105 human prostate tumor samples, including lymph and bone metastases from the same patients, were found to express high levels of Sonic Hedgehog (SHh) ligand. LuCaP 23.1 and LuCaP 35v xenografts were derived from lymph node metastasis from patients with prostate cancer. Paracrine Hh signaling is detected in both xenograft models, where the human tumor cells produce Hh ligand and the surrounding stromal cells respond with Hh pathway activation, as measured by Gli1 levels. IPI-926, a novel, small molecule Hh inhibitor that acts by blocking Smoothened, inhibits signaling between the tumor and stromal cells in both castration sensitive and castration resistant tumor models. Inhibition of Hh signaling with IPI-926 was then evaluated as a potential means to reduce growth of prostate cancer tumors and metastases. IPI-926 significantly delays relapse and slows the growth rate of castration resistant primary human prostate tumors post-docetaxel treatment. Additional preclinical studies with IPI-926 in combination with chemotherapy and targeted therapies in castration resistant tumor models are in progress. These pre-clinical results provide a rationale for testing Hh inhibitors in patients with castration resistant prostate cancer. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3857.

Topic: Hedgehog Signaling Pathway Studies
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Physician Characteristics Are Associated with Quality of Cancer Care

Whether a woman receives radiation after breast cancer surgery may be associated with certain characteristics of her surgeon, including sex and medical training, according to a study published online January 29 in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute.Many breast cancer patients do not receive radiation after undergoing breast conservation surgery, despite the fact that this treatment is considered a standard of quality cancer care and has been shown to reduce breast cancer recurrence.Previous studies have shown that certain patient characteristics, such as a patient ' s race and distance from a radiation therapy facility, are associated with receiving post-surgical radiation.But it has been unclear whether physician characteristics also play a role in the quality of breast cancer care.Dawn Hershman, M.D., of Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center at Columbia University in New York and colleagues investigated whether surgeon characteristics were associated with a patient receiving radiation after breast cancer surgery.They identifi ed and analyzed data on nearly 30,000 women aged 65 and older with breast cancer who were diagnosed between 1991 and 2002 and who received breast-conserving surgery.They also collected information on the 4,453 surgeons who operated on these women -including their sex, year of graduation, medical school location, patient volume, and type of medical degree.About 75 percent of the women received radiation after surgery.Each year from 1991 to 2002, the proportion of women receiving radiation increased.Nonetheless, older women, black women, unmarried women, and those living outside urban areas were less likely to receive radiation.After adjusting for patient and tumor characteristics, the researchers found that women who received radiation were more likely to have a surgeon who was female, had an M.D. degree (compared to a D.O. degree), or was trained in the United States."Our study is one of the fi rst to demonstrate associations between certain surgeon characteristics and quality of breast cancer care … If confi rmed, more research is needed on whether they refl ect surgeon behavior, patient response, or physician-patient interactions," the authors write.

Topic: Economic and Financial Impacts of Cancer
Subfield: Economics and Econometrics
Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance
Domain: Social Sciences
Cost-Effective Synthesis of Diamond Nano-/Microstructures from Amorphous and Graphitic Carbon Materials: Implications for Nanoelectronics

The synthesis of diamonds with different microstructures is important for various applications including nanoelectronic devices where diamonds can be implemented as heat spreaders. Here we report the synthesis of functional diamond microstructures and coatings, including diamond microfibers, microspheres, tubes, and large-area thin film, using amorphous and graphitic carbon precursors by hot filament chemical vapor deposition. The characteristics of microstructures depend upon initial carbon precursors and their laser annealing pretreatments. Low-cost and abundant carbon precursors act as diamond nucleation sites and accelerate diamond growth, while laser annealing can further promote the nucleation and growth of diamond. As a result, carbon microfibers are converted to diamond microfibers, while large diamond microspheres are formed from multipulse laser-annealed carbon microfibers. Both of the diamond structures consist of 5-fold twinned microcrystallites. Highly dense and phase-pure diamond films are observed using porous carbon seed, and individual diamond tubes with porous walls are obtained by using carbon nanotube hollow fibers. The electron backscatter diffraction analysis confirms the diamond cubic lattice structure, while sharp diamond peaks (1331–1333 cm–1) in Raman spectra demonstrate the excellent diamond quality of prepared diamond microstructures.

Topic: Diamond and Carbon-based Materials Research
Subfield: Materials Chemistry
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Releasing Creativity

Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image size Additional informationNotes on contributorsGertrude M. LewisThis is a condensation of a talk by Gertrude M. Lewis, specialist in elementary education, U. S. Office of Education, at the 1963 Annual Conference on the Direction and Improvement of Instruction and on Child Welfare, held jointly by the State of California, the California Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development, and the California Association of Supervision of Child Welfare and Attendance. The talk is as timely today as the day it was delivered.

Topic: Human Behavior and Motivation
Subfield: Applied Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
The Georgia Tech Student And Teacher Enhancement Partnership (Step) Program: A Set Of Models Of Graduate Students Working In High Schools

Abstract NOTE: The first page of text has been automatically extracted and included below in lieu of an abstract Main Menu Session 2455 The Georgia Tech Student and Teacher Enhancement Partnership (STEP) Program: A Set of Models of Graduate Students Working in High Schools Donna Llewellyn1, Marion Usselman2, and Gordon Kingsley 3 1 Center for the Enhancement of Teaching and Learning (CETL)/ 2 Center for Education Integrating Science, Mathematics and Computing (CEISMC)/ 3 School of Public Policy Georgia Institute of Technology In 1999 the National Science Foundation initiated a new type of graduate student support through the NSF Graduate Teaching Fellows in K-12 Education (GK-12) program (see http://www.nsf.gov/cgi-bin/getpub?nsf02042 for the current RFP). Students receiving GK-12 fellowships are required to interact directly with K-12 teachers in an attempt to improve both K- 12 education and the pedagogical and communication skills of the Fellows. In return graduate Fellows receive an annual stipend and a tuition waiver. In the spring of 2001, Georgia Tech received a GK-12 grant to support its Student and Teacher Enhancement Partnership (STEP) program and to place twelve graduate students per year in Atlanta area high schools. 1 The ongoing challenge of the GK-12 initiative is to design a program that best advances the multiple goals of the program: 1. To broaden the education of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) graduate students to include intensive experiences in educational pedagogy and process; 2. To encourage the participation of STEM faculty and students in the difficult issues facing K- 12 educators through the nurturing of university-school partnerships; 3. To assist K-12 teachers in their endeavor to improve classroom instruction; and 4. To help schools improve K-12 student achievement in STEM. The first of these goals is accomplished in STEP through the graduate-Fellow summer training program detailed below and through the direct interaction of the Fellows with teachers and students in their assigned schools. Our approach towards the remaining goals is through the creation and nurturing of partnerships between Georgia Tech and area high schools. We propose that aggressively pursuing the development of meaningful and sustainable university-school partnerships, is the strategy most likely to produce long-term success in the K- 1 NSF Project Number DGE-0086420 Proceedings of the 2002 American Society for Engineering Education Annual Conference & Exposition Copyright © 2002, American Society for Engineering Education Main Menu

Topic: Diverse Educational Innovations Studies
Subfield: General Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Impact of Islamic Work Ethics on Employee Behaviors: Mediating Role of Psychological Capital

The purpose of this paper was to examine the impact of Islamic work ethics on knowledge sharing behavior and organizational citizenship behavior with mediating role of psychological capital. Using a sample of 293 dyads (subordinate and supervisor) we conducted a survey among employees of healthcare sector. The findings revealed that Islamic work ethics predict knowledge sharing and organizational citizenship behavior. Mediating role of psychological capital was also supported. Findings can guide managers’ efforts in the development of learning programs which fosters both Islamic work ethics and psychological capital of the employees.

Topic: Islamic Finance and Banking Studies
Subfield: Accounting
Field: Business, Management and Accounting
Domain: Social Sciences
<i>TRISSODON HOWDENORUM</i><b>AND</b><i>T. BIDENTATUS</i><b>SPP. N. FROM WESTERN AUSTRALIA WITH FURTHER RECORDS OF OTHER</b><i>TRISSODON</i><b>SPP. (COLEOPTERA: SCARABAEIDAE: DYNASTINAE)</b>

Abstract Two new species are described from Western Australia: Trissodon howdenorum from males taken near Geraldton; and T. bidentatus from a male taken in the Tutanning Nature Reserve near Pingelly. Further records are given for T. australasiae (Hope), T. laevigatus (Burmeister), T. tibialis Carne, T. subopacus Arrow, T. curtus (Burmeister), T. glaber Arrow, and T. nasutus (Blackburn).

Topic: Coleoptera Taxonomy and Distribution
Subfield: Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences