jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
PERI-ACETABULAR OSTEOLYSIS: CUP RETENTION OR REPLACEMENT?

Periacetabular osteolysis is seen in response to particles (polyethylene, ceramic, metal or cement), at times in the presence of an unstable implant, and perhaps made worse by the unique host response to the particle burden. The impact of wear modes: due to either the primary bearing surface (MOP, MOM, COC) or unintended surfaces as seen in impingement, as well as the quality of the bearing counterface all influence the extent of the osteolytic response. The final common pathway appears to be via macrophage stimulation, an upregulation of cytokines leading to a resorption of bone. The patterns of lysis range from linear resorption at the implant interface to more expansile patterns which can be more dramatic in size and may place the implant at jeopardy for loosening. Assessment of implant fixation as well as extent of the lytic process employs the use of plain radiographs (including oblique views), computerised tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. The utility of MRI for the quantification of bone loss as well as the newer phenomena of associated soft tissue lesions (pseudotumors, adverse tissue reactions) has turned out to be a valuable tool in helping determine timing and need for revision. The basic principles in determining need for revision surgery revolve around: degree of lysis, integrity of the soft tissues, fixation of the implant, track record of the implant, as well as patient factors including symptoms, age and activity. In cemented sockets, progressive bone loss, pain with or without overt loosening is indication for revision which is generally accomplished using an uncemented hemispherical acetabular component with bone graft and screw augmentation. In the uncemented socket, the decision to revise is based upon a) implant stability, 2) the integrity of the locking mechanism, 3) degree of bone loss. With stable implants, polyethylene exchange and “lesional” treatment is appropriate. Well fixed implants with extensive lysis can be successfully managed with liner exchange and bone grafting as necessary. If the liner locking mechanism is compromised, cementing a liner into place is an excellent strategy. Removing a well fixed cup with extensive lysis runs the risk of encountering a large acetabular defect which may be difficult to reconstruct. Loose implants clearly require revision. In the era of “hard bearings”, progressive soft tissue expansion leading to damage of the abductor and other soft tissue constraints about the hip is an indication for revision. Revision of MOM THR9s may be performed by maintaining the femoral component and performing an isolated acetabular revision or in some instances of modular acetabular components, maintaining the shell and inserting a new liner. In all instances of implant retention, it is critical to confirm that the components are in optimised position: implants retained in suboptimal position are at risk for early failure.

Topic: Hermeneutics and Narrative Identity
Subfield: Philosophy
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Program Accreditation and Correctional Treatment

In the correctional field, treatment program accreditation requires the support of correctional administrators and program providers for successful introduction. How accreditation criteria are developed and a support structure for the process in corrections is achieved is in itself an interesting story. Her Majesty's Prison Service has, in 3.5 years, accelerated the effectiveness of correctional treatment programming, established a platform for program integrity, obtained acceptance by the institutional leadership, and increased pride and morale among prison officers. In this article we describe the development, structure, content, and benefits of correctional treatment program accreditation as it has occurred in England and Wales.

Topic: Psychopathy, Forensic Psychiatry, Sexual Offending
Subfield: Clinical Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
National Health Insurance, the Informal Sector, and Elements of a New Social Contract in the 2019 UHC Act of the Philippines

This chapter explores the governance issues in the implementation of insurance coverage for the informal labour sector in the context of universal health coverage (UHC). The COVID-19 pandemic highlights the vulnerabilities of the informal sector that remain overlooked by employer health insurance and are not targeted by the government’s cash transfer programmes for the poor. While universal health coverage may, on paper, assure every one of the basic minimum health care packages, issues of capturing subsidies for and availing of similar no user charges for the poor may be a Gordian knot before universal coverage is achieved. The chapter interrogates this issue as follows—firstly, we present key health financing features of the Philippine efforts to cover the informal sector in the national health insurance programme; and secondly, based on a concept approach, we analyse the elements of a social contract that may enhance or break down relationships in informal sector health insurance—with the market, bureaucratic and networks in health systems. Implications are drawn on the design of institutional arrangements to capture subsidies, contributions, and provider payments as part of a post-pandemic new normal of greater health security through the financing of health in the context of a social contract.

Topic: Healthcare Systems and Reforms
Subfield: Finance
Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance
Domain: Social Sciences
The FKBP-Type Domain of the Human Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor-Interacting Protein Reveals an Unusual Hsp90 Interaction

The aryl hydrocarbon receptor-interacting protein (AIP) has been predicted to consist of an N-terminal FKBP-type peptidyl-prolyl cis/trans isomerase (PPIase) domain and a C-terminal tetratricopeptide repeat (TPR) domain, as typically found in FK506-binding immunophilins. AIP, however, exhibited no inherent FK506 binding or PPIase activity. Alignment with the prototypic FKBP12 showed a high sequence homology but indicated inconsistencies with regard to the secondary structure prediction derived from chemical shift analysis of AIP(2-166). NMR-based structure determination of AIP(2-166) now revealed a typical FKBP fold with five antiparallel β-strands forming a half β-barrel wrapped around a central α-helix, thus permitting AIP to be also named FKBP37.7 according to FKBP nomenclature. This PPIase domain, however, features two structure elements that are unusual for FKBPs: (i) an N-terminal α-helix, which additionally stabilizes the domain, and (ii) a rather long insert, which connects the last two β-strands and covers the putative active site. Diminution of the latter insert did not generate PPIase activity or FK506 binding capability, indicating that the lack of catalytic activity in AIP is the result of structural differences within the PPIase domain. Compared to active FKBPs, a diverging conformation of the loop connecting β-strand C' and the central α-helix apparently is responsible for this inherent lack of catalytic activity in AIP. Moreover, Hsp90 was identified as potential physiological interaction partner of AIP, which revealed binding contacts not only at the TPR domain but uncommonly also at the PPIase domain.

Topic: Signaling Pathways in Disease
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Photochemical synthesis. Conversion of o-vinylthioanilides to quinolines

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPhotochemical synthesis. Conversion of o-vinylthioanilides to quinolinesPaul De Mayo, Leiv K. Sydnes, and Grazyna WenskaCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1980, 45, 9, 1549–1556Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1980Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1980https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01297a001https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01297a001research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views576Altmetric-Citations26LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts

Topic: Radical Photochemical Reactions
Subfield: Organic Chemistry
Field: Chemistry
Domain: Physical Sciences
The Use of Cover and Frequency in the Detection of Pattern in Plant Communities

Hitchcock, A. S. 1950. Manual of the grasses of the United States U.S.D.A. Misc. Pub. No. 200. Palmer, E. J. and J. A. Steyermark. 1935. An annotated catalogue of the flowering plants of Missouri. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 22: 375-758. Quarterman, Elsie. 1950. Major plant communities of Tennesee Cedar Glades. Ecology 31: 234-254. Rice, F. L. and W. T. Penfound. 1955. An evaluation of the variable-radius and paired tree method in the blackjack-post oak forest. Ecology 36: 315320.

Topic: Botany, Ecology, and Taxonomy Studies
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Materials Data on RbC2 by Materials Project

RbC2 crystallizes in the tetragonal P4/nmm space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Rb1+ is bonded in a distorted q4 geometry to ten C+0.50- atoms. There are a spread of Rb–C bond distances ranging from 3.06–3.51 Å. There are two inequivalent C+0.50- sites. In the first C+0.50- site, C+0.50- is bonded in a 2-coordinate geometry to five equivalent Rb1+ and one C+0.50- atom. The C–C bond length is 1.26 Å. In the second C+0.50- site, C+0.50- is bonded to five equivalent Rb1+ and one C+0.50- atom to form a mixture of distorted edge and corner-sharing CRb5C octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedral tilt angles are 20°.

Topic: Intermetallics and Advanced Alloy Properties
Subfield: Mechanical Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Microstructure and Wear Resistance of Martensite Wear-resistant Steel and Bainite Wear-resistant Steel

The microstructures and wear resistance of 400 HB grade martensite wear-resistant steel(NM400) and meta-bainite wear-resistant steel(NB400) were investigated by contrast.The results show that the microstructure of NM400 steel is tempered lath martensite,and the microstructure of NB400 steel is mainly lath bainite.On condition of sliding wear,the resistance of NM400 steel is superior to that of NB400 steel;and on condition of impact abrasive wear condition,the impact wear resistance of NM400 steel is superior to that of NB400 steel when the impact energy is lower,but the impact wear resistance of NB400 steel is superior to that of NB400 steel when the impact energy is higher.

Topic: Metal Alloys Wear and Properties
Subfield: Materials Chemistry
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Heat Treatment Austenitic Corrosion-Resistant Steel Parts

&lt;div class="section abstract"&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;This specification, in conjunction with the general requirements for steel heat treatment covered in AMS 2759, establishes the requirements for annealing, stress relieving, and stabilizing heat treatment of austenitic corrosion-resistant steel parts. Parts are defined in AMS 2759.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;

Topic: Metal Alloys Wear and Properties
Subfield: Materials Chemistry
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Institutional report - Arrhythmia Incidence and risk factors for pacemaker implantation following aortic valve replacement

Our aim was to identify the predictive factors for permanent pacemaker (PM) implantation in patients undergoing isolated aortic valve replacement (AVR). A total of 3534 patients received an AVR between January 1990 and December 2003 in our institution. Permanent PM implantation was performed in 234 (6.6%) patients, over median time of three days (range one to 24 days). This patient population was compared to a random sample of 191 patients undergoing AVR without permanent PM implantation. The overall mean age was 63.5 years (14.2) and 261 patients (62%) were male. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis of pre- and perioperative data were performed. Overall the 30 days mortality was 4.2% (10y234) in patients with PM and 1% (2y191) in the control group (Ps0.046). Patients with PMs were older (P-0.001), had more additional coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery or mitral valve replacement (MVR) (P-0.001), complete right bundle branch block (RBBB) prior to surgery, and more frequently underwent re-operations compared to patients without PMs (P-0.001). The multivariate logistic regression model with PM implantation as the dependent variable demonstrated that older age was not independently associated with PM implantation. As independent predictors concomitant severe mitral valve insufficiency, CABG, subaortic stenosis (SAS) or re-do operations were identified. 2010 Published by European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery. All rights reserved.

Topic: Cardiac pacing and defibrillation studies
Subfield: Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Laplacian Patch-Based Image Synthesis

Patch-based image synthesis has been enriched with global optimization on the image pyramid. Successively, the gradient-based synthesis has improved structural coherence and details. However, the gradient operator is directional and inconsistent and requires computing multiple operators. It also introduces a significantly heavy computational burden to solve the Poisson equation that often accompanies artifacts in non-integrable gradient fields. In this paper, we propose a patch-based synthesis using a Laplacian pyramid to improve searching correspondence with enhanced awareness of edge structures. Contrary to the gradient operators, the Laplacian pyramid has the advantage of being isotropic in detecting changes to provide more consistent performance in decomposing the base structure and the detailed localization. Furthermore, it does not require heavy computation as it employs approximation by the differences of Gaussians. We examine the potentials of the Laplacian pyramid for enhanced edge-aware correspondence search. We demonstrate the effectiveness of the Laplacian-based approach over the state-of-the-art patchbased image synthesis methods.

Topic: Advanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques
Subfield: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
An integrated multibody dynamics for land and marine transportation systems

Design of multipurpose, high mobility transportation system requires an effective integration of land, marine and space vehicles simulation. This integration poses many technical and operational requirement challenges during conceptual design, analysis, and simulation. This challenge increases in complexity when accommodating design iterations with multiple load cases or operational scenarios.The development of simulation capability that produces a synchronized and quick turnaround analyses for multiple design concepts, operational changes, and multiple load case becomes a business competitiveness issue. Such a simulation capability is necessary for mitigating the risk of design induced functional failures and facilitating design optimization. This study describes a multibody dynamics simulation methodology developed to analyze the dynamic loads associated with transporting land vehicles between marine vessels. This simulation capability calculates the time varying loads, on ground vehicle as well as on marine vessels, as the ground vehicle or cargo moves onto a ramp from a large carrier to a smaller transport vessel at various sea levels. Complexity in vessels modeling arises from several sources that are dynamic in nature. This modeling accounts for payload, engine thrust, sea level, balancing of small transport craft, and a moving ramp supported between a large ship to a transport craft, and finally a vehicle driven between the ships.

Topic: Dynamics and Control of Mechanical Systems
Subfield: Control and Systems Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Object Location Prediction in Real-time using LSTM Neural Network and Polynomial Regression

This paper details the design and implementation of a system for predicting and interpolating object location coordinates. Our solution is based on processing inertial measurements and global positioning system data through a Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) neural network and polynomial regression. LSTM is a type of recurrent neural network (RNN) particularly suited for processing data sequences and avoiding the long-term dependency problem. We employed data from real-world vehicles and the global positioning system (GPS) sensors. A critical pre-processing step was developed to address varying sensor frequencies and inconsistent GPS time steps and dropouts. The LSTM-based system's performance was compared with the Kalman Filter. The system was tuned to work in real-time with low latency and high precision. We tested our system on roads under various driving conditions, including acceleration, turns, deceleration, and straight paths. We tested our proposed solution's accuracy and inference time and showed that it could perform in real-time. Our LSTM-based system yielded an average error of 0.11 meters with an inference time of 2 ms. This represents a 76\% reduction in error compared to the traditional Kalman filter method, which has an average error of 0.46 meters with a similar inference time to the LSTM-based system.

Topic: Traffic Prediction and Management Techniques
Subfield: Building and Construction
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Group coaching in a large complex organisation: lessons learnt from experience

This article presents qualitative findings from a pilot group coaching program that was conducted within a large Australian public healthcare organisation. Using Nueman’s (2000) three phase coding system and Spector’s (1984) methodology, transcripts were analyzed for key themes (from both coachees’ and coaches’ perspectives) in response to probe questions. These themes included the need for a clear and explicit goal focus; the importance of solid upfront preparation and communication; the vital role of a group coaching process structure; the value of explicit program sponsorship and follow up; and the need to ensure the right people who are genuinely engaged participants.

Topic: Coaching Methods and Impact
Subfield: Applied Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Cytotoxicity of Parabens

[Objective]To study the cytotoxicity of parabens on HaCat.[Methods]The effects of methylparaben, ethylparaben, n-propylparaben, n-butylparaben on the proliferation of HaCat cell line at 72 hours was evaluated by MTT assay.[Results]Methylparaben, ethylparaben could significantly decrease absorption value at 200 g/ml; n-propylparaben, n-butylparaben could significantly decrease absorption value from 25 μg/ml to larger dose (P0.05), and showed a obvious dose-effect relationship. With the dose increasing, the proliferation rate of methylparaben, ethylparaben, n-propylparaben, n-butylparaben decreased gradually. Starting with the dose of 50 μg/ml, the proliferation rate from the biggest to the smallest was methylparaben, ethylparaben, n-butylparaben n-propylparaben.[Conclusion]Parabens can induce obvious cytotoxicity on HaCat at a certain level. N-propylparaben is the most toxic to HaCat, while methylparaben is the least toxic to HaCat.

Topic: Boron Compounds in Chemistry
Subfield: Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
The Harvest Coach Architecture: Embedding Deviation-Tolerance in a Harvest Logistic Solution

We introduce a deviation-tolerance software architecture, which is devised for a prototype of a cloud-based harvest operation optimisation system issuing harvest plans. The deviation-tolerance architecture adapts the fault tolerance notions originating in the area of systems engineering to the harvest domain and embeds them into the Vienna developed method (VDM) model at the core of our harvest logistics system prototype. The fault tolerance supervision/execution level architecture is framed under the notion of an “harvest coach” which diagnoses deviations to the planned operations using “harvest deviation monitors” and deploys a novel “plan” (controller) that mitigates the encountered “deviation” (fault). The architecture enabled the early start of field experiments of the harvest logistics system prototype, which lead to the validation/refutation of early design stage assumptions on the diverse system components behaviours and capabilities. For instance, we casually found discrepancies in the arithmetic precision of open-source libraries used in the conversion of vehicle positioning coordinates, we assessed the maturity of the frameworks used to develop the field user interfaces, and we calibrated the level of system-operator interactivity when deviations occurs. The obtained results indicate that the architecture may have a positive impact in the context of developing systems featuring intrinsic human-driven deviations which require mitigation.

Topic: Safety Systems Engineering in Autonomy
Subfield: Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Abstracts of Papers Submitted to the American Pancreatic Association

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Topic: Pancreatitis Pathology and Treatment
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Synthesis of potentially photoactivatable coumarin derivatives <i>via</i> a 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition

Abstract magnified image A copper (1)‐catalyzed 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition reaction was used to prepare a series of mono and disubstituted 1,2,3‐triazolyl‐coumarins using a 1,3‐cycloaddition (“Click Chemistry”). Starting coumarins were synthesized using classical or modified Pechmann's reaction. The propargyl group was introduced as either propargylether or as a propargylamide. Azides were prepared in a three steps procedure. Cycloaddition products, containing a coumarin and a photoactivatable moiety, were obtained in good yields.

Topic: Click Chemistry and Applications
Subfield: Organic Chemistry
Field: Chemistry
Domain: Physical Sciences