jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Geochemistry and mineralogy of a recent sabkha along the coast of Sinai, Gulf of Suez

Most efforts in the study of sea-marginal sabkhas have concentrated on the Persian Gulf, but little is known about the sediments and mineralogy of sabkhas marginal to other seas. The purpose of this paper was to present some geochemical and mineralogical observations in a recent sabkha on the coast of Sinai along the Gulf of Suez. The sabkha is composed of coarse clastic sediments with marine-derived groundwater at depth of about 1 m. The general morphology, climate and water salinity of the Gulf of Suez resemble those of the Persian Gulf, despite the fact that the content of authigenic evaporites in this sabkha is more sparse. The evaporite minerals accumulated only in the upper 30–40 cm of the sabkha, below that and down to the groundwater table, there is no accumulation of evaporites. Laterally, the salinity of the groundwater in the sabkha and the concentration of evaporites in the sediments above it increase constantly with distance from the shore. In contrast to the Persian Gulf where anhydrite is a major evaporite mineral, in Belayim gypsum is the only calcium sulphate mineral in the recent sabkha. Anhydrite is found only in an old elevated sabkha where it recrystallized from gypsum. The gypsum occurs as interstitial crystal concentrations or lithified horizons almost exclusively at the depth of 20–40 cm below the sabkha surface. Above that, in the uppermost horizons, there is in situ accumulation of interstitial halite crystals. The total concentrations of gypsum and halite are almost equal in this sabkha. The sea water recharge in El Belayim is almost exclusively by seepage through the sabkha sediments and not by flooding. The groundwater under this sabkha is only slightly more saline than the Gulf water, thus, not heavy enough for extensive downward refluxing. The major hydrodynamic process must be upward migration of the brines from the groundwater, precipitating on the way gypsum and later halite with some magnesite. Since the sediments of the sabkha are too coarse to support extensive capillary movement, the brines must, therefore, migrate upwards due to ‘evaporative pumping’.

Topic: Maritime and Coastal Archaeology
Subfield: Archeology
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Sustaining Safety and Profitability through Macroergonomics in a Shipping Operation

This study describes a series of interventions that began in 1991 to improve occupational safety and health. The interventions included: ergonomic analysis, training, job rotation, a stretching program, team building and a continuous improvement process. Dramatic improvements were realized in reducing CTD injuries (84%), OSHA recordable injuries (78% improvement), and total injuries (76% improvement) for this work unit. While the specific interventions are common to ergonomics and contemporary management practices, it is argued that taken together, in a macroergonomic approach, the total effect is greater than any of the independent interventions.

Topic: Occupational Health and Safety Research
Subfield: Radiological and Ultrasound Technology
Field: Health Professions
Domain: Health Sciences
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Marine Indole Alkaloids from Flustra foliacea

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.

Topic: Vanadium and Halogenation Chemistry
Subfield: Inorganic Chemistry
Field: Chemistry
Domain: Physical Sciences
Transcriptomics Analysis of Maize (Zea mays L.) in Response to the Infection by Setosphaeria turcica

Northern corn leaf blight (NCLB), caused by Setosphaeria turcica (S. turcica), is one of the devastating foliar diseases of maize (Zea mays) in maize-producing regions globally. Previous research has predominantly centered on elucidating the infection strategy and process of the pathogen, but the molecular mechanism of maize response to the pathogen is still largely unknown. In this study, we employed transcriptomics technology to comprehensively analyze alterations in RNA expression profiles within maize leaves at critical time points (hours post-infestation, 24 hpi, and 72 hpi) during S. turcica infection. Our study identified 7196 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) involved in the maize leaf response to S. turcica infection compared to the control (CK at 0 hpi). Functional analysis revealed that these DEGs were enriched in multiple metabolic pathways. Notably, genes associated with “benzoxazinone biosynthesis”, “tetracyclic pyrrole biosynthesis”, and “photosynthesis” were all down-regulated. In contrast, DEGs related to “phenol metabolism” and “phenylpropanoid metabolism” were significantly upregulated. Moreover, the genes belonging to the NAC, MYB-related, HB, and WRKY transcription factor families were also significantly enriched among the DEGs. The expression levels of six randomly selected DEGs were validated using qRT-PCR, confirming the accuracy of the RNA-Seq findings. This study delves into the functional genes and metabolic pathways closely associated with maize’s response to S. turcica infection, providing foundational data for a deeper understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the interaction between S. turcica and maize.

Topic: Plant-Microbe Interactions and Immunity
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Sex-dependent differences in the neural correlates of cocaine and emotional cue-reactivity in regular cocaine users and non-drug using controls: understanding the role of duration and severity of use

Cocaine use disorder (CUD) is becoming more prevalent in females, but research into sex-dependent neural mechanisms underlying cocaine use is lacking. Accordingly, the main objective of the current study was to investigate sex-dependent differences in the neural correlates of cocaine and emotional cue reactivity within regular cocaine users (CUs) and non-cocaine-using controls (non-CUs). A cocaine and emotional cue-reactivity fMRI paradigm was completed by 31 male and 26 female CUs and 28 male and 26 female non-CUs. A region of interest analysis was performed to test for sex-specific differences in cocaine and emotional cue-induce activation of the dorsal striatum (DS), ventral striatum (VS), amygdala, and dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC). Although there were no significant sex-dependent differences between CUs and non-CUs in neural cocaine and emotional cue reactivity, exploratory analyses demonstrated that the association between cocaine cue-induced activation of the DS and amygdala and cocaine use severity was significantly moderated by sex: while this association was positive female CUs, it was negative in male CUs. Similarly, the relationship between emotional cue-induced activation of the dACC and VS and years of regular cocaine use was also moderated by sex: while this association was negative in female CUs, it was positive in male CUs. While exploratory, the current findings highlight the importance of taking into account sex differences when studying the underlying mechanism of CUD, as this may pave the way for the identification of sex-specific treatment targets.

Topic: Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
Subfield: Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences
Visual navigation with obstacle avoidance

We present and validate a framework for visual navigation with obstacle avoidance. The approach was originally designed in [1], but major improvements and real outdoor experiments are added here. Visual navigation consists of following a path, represented as an ordered set of key images, that have been acquired in a preliminary teaching phase. While following such path, the robot is able to avoid new obstacles which were not present during teaching, and which are sensed by a range scanner. We guarantee that collision avoidance and navigation are achieved simultaneously by actuating the camera pan angle, in the presence of obstacles, to maintain scene visibility as the robot circumnavigates the obstacle. The circumnavigation verse and the collision risk are estimated using a potential vector field derived from an occupancy grid. The framework can also deal with unavoidable obstacles, which make the robot decelerate and eventually stop.

Topic: Robotics and Sensor-Based Localization
Subfield: Aerospace Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Propagation of blackberry cultivars in three in vitro culture systems and evaluation of genetic uniformity

The present study aimed to evaluate the influence of three in vitro culture systems: solid (SM), semi-solid (SSM), and liquid (temporary immersion system-TIS) on the number and quality of proliferated blackberry shoots, along with the analysis of genetic uniformity among the regenerated shoots. The following blackberry cultivars were tested: 'Čačanska Bestrna', 'Chester Thornless', 'Driscoll's Victoria', 'Karaka Black', 'Loch Ness', and 'Polar'. The culture medium used was Murashige and Skoog (MS), with 0.5 mg/L 6-Benzyladenine (BA). SM was gelled with 5 g/L plant agar; for SSM, wheat starch was used at 50 g/L (w/v), and a Platform bioreactor was used for TIS. The results revealed that, for all varieties, the highest number of shoots per initial inoculum was obtained in TIS, with the 'Karaka Black' variety presenting a maximum of 93.90±4.01. Considering the length of the proliferated shoots, all tested cultivars showed remarkable results in the SSM culture system gelatinized with 50 g/L wheat starch. The highest shoot length values were observed in 'Čačanska Bestrna', with values of 6.89±0.52 cm, followed by 'Chester' with 5.57±0.28 cm and 'Loch Ness' with 5.36±0.76 cm, respectively. The genetic uniformity of proliferated shoots was evaluated by start codon targeted (SCoT) markers.

Topic: Berry genetics and cultivation research
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Exploitation of 2n pollen to create genetic variation in the genus Begonia

One specific field to create genetic variation in plant breeding is focussed on polyploidization of plants. The term ploidy refers to the number of basic chromosome sets present in a specific plant genus. Up till now, the ploidy level is mainly doubled by using cell cycle disruptors as colchicin, oryzalin and trifluralin; better known as mitotic polyploidization. This might result in plants with larger flowers, thicker leaves, changes in growth vigour, higher vegetative yields, more compact plants, higher stress tolerance, ... it can also be used to restore the fertility in hybrids obtained from parent plants with differences in ploidy level.\nMeiotic polyploidization refers to the raise in ploidy level by using 2n gametes (also known as diplogametes or unreduced gametes). The use of 2n gametes is less exploited within plant breeding. Compared to mitotic polyploidzation, meiotic polyploidzation would result in a larger genetic variation within the progeny. In this work, the potential use of 2n gametes within ornamental breeding was investigated by using Begonia as a model plant. In particular 2n pollen were evaluated, since they are easier to isolate than egg cells.

Topic: Plant and Fungal Species Descriptions
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Robust controllers for the Middeck Active Control Experiment using Popov controller synthesis

The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate robust compensators designed using Popov controller synthesis on the Middeck Active Control Experiment (MACE): a Shuttle program scheduled for flight in January, 1995. The experiment has been designed to investigate the extent to which the on-orbit behavior of a precision-controlled spacecraft can be predicted and controlled using analysis and ground testing prior to launch. Previous flight experiments indicate that, on-orbit, the structural dynamics can change significantly, and that these changes are very difficult to predict. Thus the need arises for robust control techniques that can guarantee on-orbit performance for flexible spacecraft even though the models have large parameter uncertainties. Such a technique is developed in this paper using the Popov stability criterion from absolute stability theory. A state space representation of the stability analysis test is combined with an /spl Hscr//sub 2/ performance objective to provide a powerful technique for robust controller synthesis. A numerical algorithm for optimizing the controller gains and stability multipliers is discussed. Several experimental results on MACE are used to demonstrate that Popov controller synthesis guarantees robustness to real parameter variations and yields good performance with respect to the reference LQG designs.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>

Topic: Advanced Control Systems Optimization
Subfield: Control and Systems Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Design, synthesis, and molecular docking of novel indole scaffold‐based VEGFR‐2 inhibitors as targeted anticancer agents

Abstract A series of new indole derivatives 1 – 18 was synthesized and tested for their cytotoxic activity on a panel of 60 tumor cell lines. Additionally, molecular docking was carried out to study their binding pattern and binding affinity in the VEGFR‐2 active site using sorafenib as a reference VEGFR‐2 inhibitor. Based on the molecular docking results, compounds 5a , 5b , 6 , 7 , 14b , 18b , and 18c were selected to be evaluated for their VEGFR‐2 inhibitory activity. Compound 18b exhibited a broad‐spectrum antiproliferative activity on 47 cell lines, with GI % ranging from 31 to 82.5%. Moreover, compound 18b was the most potent VEGFR‐2 inhibitor with an IC 50 value of 0.07 μM, which is more potent than that of sorafenib (0.09 μM). A molecular docking study attributed the promising activity of this series to their hydrophobic interaction with the VEGFR‐2 binding site hydrophobic side chains and their hydrogen bonding interaction with the key amino acids Glu885 and/or Asp1046.

Topic: Angiogenesis and VEGF in Cancer
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Screening a Selective Chelator Pair for Simultaneous Determination of Iron(II) and Iron(III)

Abstract Direct determination of Fe(II) and Fe(III) is a fundamental technology for environmental Fe chemistry research. The key to accurate determination of Fe(II) and Fe(III) in soil, water, and plant samples is to stabilize Fe oxidation states during Fe extraction and analysis, but the goal has only been partially achieved in previous research. In this research, an approach to stabilizing the original oxidation states of Fe during extraction and analysis was studied. The following sequential procedures were conducted: computer simulation → colorimetric tests → Fe(III) reduction resistance tests → metal interference tests → sensitivity tests → determination of optimal pH for Fe extraction. Results indicated that EDTA (ethylenediamine‐ N,N,N′,N′ ‐tetraacetate, disodium salt) and BPDS (bathophenanthroline disulfonate, disodium salt) were the most effective chelator pair with which to stabilize Fe oxidation states and that they may allow accurate, simultaneous determination of Fe(II) and Fe(III).

Topic: Water Quality Monitoring and Analysis
Subfield: Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Variable angle total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy in s-polarization: a new approach to quantify cell-substrate distances in contacts

Total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy is an evanescent based fluorescence microscope providing a selective visualization of cell-substrate contacts without interference from other, deeper cellular regions. Total internal reflection fluorescence microscope is used extensively to visualize cell-substrate contacts. However, quantifying these contacts - in particular the measurement of cell-substrate distances - has not been performed often. In order to quantify the cellsubstrate distances we have developed a new theoretical method which is based on a change in the penetration depth of the evanescent field by tuning the angle of incidence slightly above the angle of total internal reflection for s-polarized light. This is simpler and much more accurate in comparison to the few existing approaches.

Topic: Advanced Fluorescence Microscopy Techniques
Subfield: Biophysics
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
In the Wake of a Veto: What Do Oregon Psychologists Think and Know about Prescription Privileges for Psychologists?

Clinical psychology continues to grapple with a contentious debate surrounding prescriptive authority. With over half of all states having considered legislating prescriptive authority, an immense amount of time and money has been invested. This study aims to assess knowledge and attitudes of licensed psychologists in Oregon following a veto that prevented it from becoming the third state with prescription privileges for psychologists. From a list of 1,318 licensed Oregon clinical psychologists, 60% were randomly selected to participate. Of the 130 participants invited thus far, 83 have completed the survey, yielding a respectable response rate (64%). Perceived familiarity with current training models revealed lacking awareness with 75.2% and 72% expressing they were not familiar with the DOD and APA models, respectively. Only 5% knew which three states/territories currently have prescriptive authority and 77% were unfamiliar with any of the three prerequisites for postdoctoral training in psychopharmacology. Arguments in favor of prescription privileges garnering the most support related to perceptions of improved access and treatment enhancement. In contrast, the strongest arguments against prescription privileges involved professional issues (e.g., altered identity). Reflecting division, 43.9% were in favor, 20.7% were undecided, and 36% were in opposition to broadening privileges for psychologists. However, only 15.9% expressed interest in completing training and only 7.2% plan to pursue training and become a prescriber. Overall, these findings suggest legislative efforts should be mindful of the controversy within the field and the low numbers of professionals interested in pursuing prescription privileges, which undercut arguments for improved access and care.

Topic: Pharmaceutical industry and healthcare
Subfield: Pharmacology
Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics
Domain: Life Sciences
Effect of a Pulsed Magnetic Field on Brain Tumor Cells (RGC-6), and Eddy Current Analysis

This paper describes eddy current analysis and magnetic stimulation of organic tissues such as brain tumor cells (RGC-6). First, eddy current analysis was performed, both by calculation and experiment ally, to confirm whether a constant gradient distribution of the induced electric field (IEF) generated by a magnetic field could be obtained in a sample area in which circular glass vessels filled with saline water were located. The calculated IEF was agreed with the measured value within an average error of 4.3%. Next, promotion of DNA synthesis was experimentally observed by applying pulsed magnetic stimulation (2.0 mT, 200 Hz) to RGC-6. A decrease in RGC-6 was observed as a result of combined application of an anticancer agent and a pulsed magnetic field.

Topic: Electromagnetic Fields and Biological Effects
Subfield: Biophysics
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
What type of professionals are worth being hired for fitness clubs? Study made among fitness trainers and fitness consumers

Fitness industry is an important segment of sports economy worldwide. The number of registered members in fitness clubs has shown a slow, but steady increase. The key objective of our research is to look into the fitness sector in terms of both the demand and supply sides, from the aspect of the fitness providers, as well as of fitness consumers using these services. We are aspiring to explore the training session attendance-related habits of consumers in the Hungarian fitness sector and investigate the factors, features influencing the attendance of the specific trainers’ sessions. Our research focuses on fitness trainers and leisure-time sportspeople who attend gym sessions and therefore the sample may only include people who meet these parameters. As our primary research method, we used interviews and questionnaire survey among fitness trainers and consumers. We asked a total of 753 leisure-time sportspeople and 261 trainers. Our research covers the study of training habits of fitness consumers and a personality analysis of fitness trainers. We think our research results support our fundamental hypothesis that the competitiveness of gyms could be improved by gathering informations on the consumers training habits and selecting the proper experts (trainers).

Topic: Physical Activity and Health
Subfield: Physiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Retinal blood oxygen saturation and vascular endothelial growth factor-A in early diabetic retinopathy

Abstract Background: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) remains the most common microvascular complication of diabetes; both its high prevalence and associated high risk of vision loss lead it to the major global health burden. Despite significant research efforts, there still remains much of the underlying pathology not fully understand. In the past studies, inner retinal blood flow disturbances are widely assessed as a potential biomarker of DR. However, the results have been variable and even contradictory. Improved methods to figure out the metabolic disturbances associated with DR are essential. Some research showed that both vascular endothelial growth factor-A and blood oxygen saturation are higher in DR patients and correlated with disease severity. Therefore, we decided to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to find out the connection of them and provide robust evidence on the mechanism underlying this connection to help us better understand the pathophysiology behind the hypoxic retina and find better ways to treat DR. Methods: This study will be conducted according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols. We will do electronic searches from PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Wanfang database, CNKI, and VIP database. Two reviewers will screen all the references independently and any disagreement will be solved by the third involvement. All data will be extracted by 2 independent reviewers according to a standardized data extraction sheet. Based on the type of studies, 2 reviewers will independently use different scales to assess the risk of bias. Any disagreements and conflicts will be resolved by discussing it with a third reviewer. We will conduct a random-effects meta-analysis. Individual and pooled odds ratios/relative risks and associated 95% confidence intervals will be calculated as well as between-study heterogeneity. The potential for publication bias will also be evaluated. If possible, we will explore reasons for potential between-study heterogeneity. Results: This study is a protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis without results. Associated data analysis will be carried out after the protocol. Conclusion: The protocol aims to guide a meta-analysis whose purpose is investigating the association between retinal blood oxygen saturation and vascular endothelial growth factors in patients with early DR and trying to find out the mechanism that the changing of retinal oxygen saturation in patients with DR. INPLASY registration number: INPLASY202040161

Topic: Retinal Diseases and Treatments
Subfield: Ophthalmology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences