jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Association between <i>TBXT</i> rs2305089 polymorphism and chordoma in Iranian patients identified by a developed T‐ARMS‐PCR assay

Abstract Background Chordoma is a locally aggressive bone tumor with a high capability of recurrence. Because chordoma often occurs at critical locations next to neurovascular structures, there is an urgent need to introduce validated biomarkers. T ‐ box transcription factor T ( TBXT ; OMIM: 601397) plays an important role in the pathogenesis and survival of chordoma cells. Methods Herein, we aimed to show whether rs2305089 polymorphism is correlated with chordoma in the Iranian population. In order to detect rs2305089, tetra‐primer amplification refractory mutation system‐polymerase chain reaction (T‐ARMS‐PCR) was used. In total, 19 chordoma patients and 108 normal healthy individuals were recruited and screened using T‐ARMS‐PCR. The results were subsequently validated by Sanger sequencing. Results The genotype distributions and allele frequencies were significantly different among the patient and healthy groups ( p ‐value &lt;0.05). The A allele of rs2305089 showed a significant positive association with chordoma risk ( p ‐value &lt;0.05). DNA sequencing verified the T‐ARMS‐PCR results as well. This study demonstrated the association between TBXT rs2305089 and chordoma in an Iranian population using a simple, accurate, and cost‐effective T‐ARMS‐PCR assay. Conclusions Our results were in line with those of previous studies showing that TBXT rs2305089 is associated with chordoma development. We also developed an efficient T‐ARMS‐PCR assay to determine the genotype of rs2305089.

Topic: Bone Tumor Diagnosis and Treatments
Subfield: Rheumatology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Soybean response to implementation of agrotechnical measures under various weather conditions during the year

Purpose. To substantiate and develop breeding technologies of soybean cultivation under various weather conditions of the Western Forest-Steppe zone. Methods. Laboratory test, statistical and mathematical analysis. Results. Analysis of the data of yielding increase due to the use of seed inoculation, green manure and spraying of crops with microbial prepa­rations showed that their effect was much dependent on the weather conditions during the year. Based on the analysis of productivity of such early ripening varieties of soybean as ‘Lehenda’, ‘Anzhelika’ and ‘Ksenia’ during 2011–2015, it was found that the influence of agrometeorological conditions during the vegetation period accounted for 47.8%. The results of the analysis of five-year data of productivity of the late soybean variety ‘Heorhina’ indicated that the share of influence of agrometeorological conditions during the vege­tation period on the studied variety was 48.8%. The use of microbial strains of nodule bacteria Bradyrhizobium japonicum 634b, 614A and M-8 against two backgrounds (in case of green manure application and without it) was compared, and microbial culture Hetomik application during the vege­tation period. Conclusion. All biological preparations and green manure considerably increased yield of soybean seeds in moderately humidified and elevated temperature conditions. For soybean growing, the application of green manure, seed inoculation with strains of M-8, 614A and Hetomik spraying of crops was effective. The use of these methods for gro­wing ‘Lehenda’ variety was the most effective. Such varieties as ‘Lehenda’ and ‘Anzhelika’ showed more stable results as compared to others in case of considerable variations of agrometeorological conditions.

Topic: Agriculture and Biological Studies
Subfield: General Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Hyperfine and Exchange Interactions in Tetraethyl-ammoniumbis(maleonitriledithiolato)cuprate(ll), [NEt4]2[Cu(mnt)2]

Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Madras-600 086 Single crystal epr<em> </em>study on [NEt<sub>4</sub>]<sub>2</sub>[Cu(mnt)<sub>2</sub>] diluted into the diamagnetic Ni<sup>II</sup> analog shows <em>the g </em>and <em>A </em>tensors to be axially symmetric and to be having coincident principal axes. The pure Cu<sup>II</sup> salt shows a single exchange narrowed epr line. The anisotropic line widths have been analysed to obtain a value of 1 700±300 G for <em>J </em>in this system. The estimate of <em>J </em>has been further confirmed by computing and compar­ing the Fourier components of the spin correlation functions using Blume Hubbard and Anderson-Weiss theoretical models.

Topic: Organic and Molecular Conductors Research
Subfield: Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
The 1974 Congressional Initiative in Budget Making

While passage of Congressional Budget and Impoundment Control Act of 1974 had been proclaimed a major advance in redressing congressional-presidential imbalance, knowledgeable participants and observers remain aware that passage of legislation itself does not guarantee congressional reassertion of leadership in fiscal matters without a corresponding performance. That a compromise between House and Senate versions of legislation was forthcoming became known on June 5, 1974, when Conference Committee announced reaching agreement. Supported by a massive staff effort, conferees had labored long to reconcile HR 7130, passed December 5, 1973, with a Senate version of March 22, 1974. After passage by House on June 18 and by Senate on June 21 and a delayed enrollment, it became Public Law 93-344 (88 Stat 297). Senator Sam Irvin, chairman of Government Operations Committee and Senate Floor Manager, had proclaimed this measure to be most important piece of legislation with which he was involved in his culminating 20-year career in Senate and the finest example of legislative process at work that I have witnessed.' While need for congressional budget reform had been recognized for decades, a major impetus during 20-month congressional struggle with procedural reform was its concern for recouping * The new Congressional Budget and Impoundment Control Act of 1974, heralded by some as most important budget reform measure since Budget and Accounting Act of 1921, has objective of enabling Congress to gain a better control over spending priorities and other aspects of budget process. It provides for new congressional institutions, an improved analytical capability, a revised timetable with fiscal year shifted to begin October 1, and a demand on President to furnish additional budget data. It further curtails President's authority to withhold appropriations. Its new Budget Committees, assisted by a new Congressional Budget Office, are to take lead in establishing target relationship between appropriation totals and revenue expectations early in each session and then lead in reaffirming congressional position, once appropriation totals are known just before beginning of new fiscal year. It also requires an overt congressional approval of any appropriation rescissions. New officials, tasked with carrying out Act, concur in difficulty of this undertaking because of stringent time limitations, complexity of forces to be reconciled, and scope of decisions to be made.

Topic: Fiscal Policies and Political Economy
Subfield: Economics and Econometrics
Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance
Domain: Social Sciences
Cognitive impairment in patients with Binswanger's disease,leukoaraiosis and leukoaraiosis with cerebral infarction

Objective To investigate the degree of cognitive impairment and its clinical significance of Binswanger's disease(BD),leukoaraiosis(LA) and LA with cerebral infarction(LA+CI).Methods Mini-mental state examination(MMSE) and clinical memory scale (CMS) were used to evaluate the cognitive impairment in 33 patients with BD, 27 patients with LA, 31 patients with LA+CI and 30 healthy controls.Results (1)The scores of MMSE and CMS in BD group, LA group, LA+CI group were significantly lower than those in healthy control group( P0.05～0.01).(2)The scores of MMSE and CMS in BD group and LA+CI group were significantly lower than those in LA group ( P0.05～0.01). (3) There were 21 cases(77.8%) with mild cognitive impairment in LA group, 8 cases(24.2%) with midrange cognitive impairment and 25 cases.(75.8%) with dementia in BD group, 6 cases(19.4%) with midrange cognitive impairment and 24 cases(77.4%) with dementia in LA+CI group.Conclusion Mild cognitive impairment is usually found in LA. However, moderate cognitive impairment and dementia are usually existed in BD and LA+CI. The degree of cognitive impairment is a reference in diagnosing BD and LA.

Topic: Neurological Disease Mechanisms and Treatments
Subfield: Neurology
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences
Full reconstruction of focal-field distribution using compressed sensing

A full reconstruction method of focal-field distribution using compressed sensing (CS) is presented. Exploring focal-field distribution characteristics, a proper sparsifying basis is constructed via the Kronecker product. The full distribution data can be obtained by solving a l <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</inf> -norm minimization problem. Three scenarios are set up to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method. Simulation results demonstrate that the focal-field distribution can be relatively accurate reconstructed with a few array feeds.

Topic: Sparse and Compressive Sensing Techniques
Subfield: Computational Mechanics
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
TIME COURSE OF THE VEGF MRNA RESPONSE TO ACUTE SYSTEMIC EXERCISE IN HUMANS.

PURPOSE: In humans, skeletal muscle vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) mRNA is increased in response to acute knee-extensor (KE) exercise. However, KE exercise is not representative of the traditional, systemic exercise (running, biking, etc.) regularly performed by humans. Neither the VEGF mRNA response to systemic exercise nor the time course of the VEGF mRNA response to exercise has been investigated in humans. We hypothesized that similar to systemic exercise in rats, VEGF mRNA would demonstrate the greatest response between 0 and 2 hr post-exercise with a return to base-line levels by 4 hr. METHODS: Eight healthy, sedentary male subjects (VO2max = 41.7 ± 2.1 mlkg−1min−1) performed 1 hr of bicycle ergometer exercise at 50% of VO2max. Muscle biopsy samples were taken from the vastus lateralis prior to the commencement of exercise and at 0, 2, and 4 hr post-exercise. VEGF mRNA was analyzed by Northern blot. RESULTS: Systemic exercise increased VEGF mRNA 2.4-, 5.4-, and 6.3-fold at 0, 2, and 4 hr post-exercise, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that traditional, systemic exercise increases VEGF mRNA in humans as demonstrated previously in KE exercise. However, the time course of the exercise-induced increase in VEGF mRNA in humans is different than that previously reported in rats. Support: TRDRP 8KT-0081, AHA 9960238U, NIH R15 AG18407

Topic: Angiogenesis and VEGF in Cancer
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Encoding of instruments when 10- to 14-year-olds process isolated instrument-implicit sentences: More evidence of improved encoding during childhood resulting from elaborative instructions.

This study examined whether 10- to 14-year-olds infer implied instruments when reading isolated instrument-implicit sentences (IIS; e.g., Her friend swept the floor) as certainly and completely as they do when instructed to generate instruments in response to IIS. On-line instrumental encoding was tested with a procedure that was based on recognition priming of instrument words given some of the letters from the words (i.e., a word fragment). When children read the IIS without instruction to infer the implied instruments, the instrument fragment completion rates were low and less than when inference generation was required or instruments were stated during reading. Children's spontaneous instrumental inferences are less certain than suggested in previous research

Topic: Child and Animal Learning Development
Subfield: Developmental and Educational Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
LIMK1/2 in the mPFC Plays a Role in Chronic Stress-Induced Depressive-Like Effects in Mice

Abstract Background Depression is one of the most common forms of mental illness and also a leading cause of disability worldwide. Developing novel antidepressant targets beyond the monoaminergic systems is now popular and necessary. LIM kinases, including LIM domain kinase 1 and 2 (LIMK1/2), play a key role in actin and microtubule dynamics through phosphorylating cofilin. Since depression is associated with atrophy of neurons and reduced connectivity, here we speculate that LIMK1/2 may play a role in the pathogenesis of depression. Methods In this study, the chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS), chronic restraint stress (CRS), and chronic social defeat stress (CSDS) models of depression, various behavioral tests, stereotactic injection, western blotting, and immunofluorescence methods were adopted. Results CUMS, CRS, and CSDS all significantly enhanced the phosphorylation levels of LIMK1 and LIMK2 in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) but not the hippocampus of mice. Administration of fluoxetine, the most commonly used selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor in clinical practice, fully reversed the effects of CUMS, CRS, and CSDS on LIMK1 and LIMK2 in the mPFC. Moreover, pharmacological inhibition of LIMK1 and LIMK2 in the mPFC by LIMKi 3 infusions notably prevented the pro-depressant effects of CUMS, CRS, and CSDS in mice. Conclusions In summary, these results suggest that LIMK1/2 in the mPFC has a role in chronic stress-induced depressive-like effects in mice and could be a novel pharmacological target for developing antidepressants.

Topic: Treatment of Major Depression
Subfield: Pharmacology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Renormalisation-induced phase transitions for unimodal maps

The thermodynamical formalism is studied for renormalisable maps of the interval and the natural potential $-t \log|Df|$. Multiple and indeed infinitely many phase transitions at positive $t$ can occur for some quadratic maps. All unimodal quadratic maps with positive topological entropy exhibit a phase transition in the negative spectrum.

Topic: Axon Guidance and Neuronal Signaling
Subfield: Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences
Diagnostic imaging, surgical treatment and histopathological findings of a vascular hamartoma in a 2‐year‐old horse

Summary We describe a case of a 2‐year‐old mare that presented with a large firm swelling on the lateral aspect of the right tarsus. Diagnostic ultrasound demonstrated a fluid filled cavernous mass that was not clearly demarcated from the surrounding subcutaneous tissue. Contrast radiography with intralesional injection of contrast medium showed accumulation of the medium in the caverns of the mass and in the saphenous vein. Contrast enhanced computed tomography demonstrated 2 vascular meshes, one deep and one more superficially, closely associated with the mass. Surgical excision of the mass was performed and a vascular hamartoma was diagnosed based on histopathology. The horse showed no signs of recurrence 7 months after surgery.

Topic: Soft tissue tumors and treatment
Subfield: Pathology and Forensic Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Distributed Online Convex Optimization Over Jointly Connected Digraphs

This paper considers networked online convex optimization scenarios from a regret analysis perspective. At each round, each agent in the network commits to a decision and incurs in a local cost given by functions that are revealed over time and whose unknown evolution model might be adversarially adaptive to the agent's behavior. The goal of each agent is to incur a cumulative cost over time with respect to the sum of local functions across the network that is competitive with the best single centralized decision in hindsight. To achieve this, agents cooperate with each other using local averaging over time-varying weight-balanced digraphs as well as subgradient descent on the local cost functions revealed in the previous round. We propose a class of coordination algorithms that generalize distributed online subgradient descent and saddle-point dynamics, allowing proportional-integral (and higher-order) feedback on the disagreement among neighboring agents. We show that our algorithm design achieves logarithmic agent regret (when local objectives are strongly convex), or square-root agent regret (when local objectives are convex) in scenarios where the communication graphs are jointly connected. Simulations in a medical diagnosis application illustrate our results.

Topic: Advanced Bandit Algorithms Research
Subfield: Management Science and Operations Research
Field: Decision Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Diversifikasi Pemanfaatan Buah Sukun (Artocarpus altilis) Menjadi Sereal Sebagai Alternatif Pangan Potensial

Consumption of quality food with high nutrition is very important to note. Wheat cereal is one of the foods to meet daily carbohydrate needs. Consumption of wheat cereals with raw materials originating from abroad also increases, the number of imports of wheat as cereal ingredients which reaches 8 million tons is a problem that must be given a solution, one of which is by diversifying the potential of natural resources. The source of local food that has not been widely used and managed properly is breadfruit. Based on data from the Central Statistics Agency of the Republic of Indonesia, in 2020 the production of breadfruit in Indonesia is 190,551 tons. Breadfruit cereal is an innovation in the use of breadfruit which has nutrients in the form of carbohydrates, fiber, protein, vitamins, and so on so that this food product has the potential to be the product of choice in maintaining food security.

Topic: Food and Agricultural Sciences
Subfield: Food Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
An Introduction to Social Choice Theory

In a capitalist democracy there are, according to Nobel Laureate Kenneth J. Arrow (Arrow, 1950), "essentially two ways by which social choices can be made: voting, typically used to make 'political' decisions, and the market mechanism, typically used to make 'economic' decisions." Our concern here is exclusively with the former.

Topic: Game Theory and Voting Systems
Subfield: Economics and Econometrics
Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance
Domain: Social Sciences
Millennial summer temperature dataset over the Yangtze River Basin

This study develops a summer surface air temperature (SAT) dataset for the past millennium (850‒2005) over the Yangtze River Basin with a spatial resolution of a 1°×1° by combining the millennium Global Climate Model (GCM) simulations from the Coupled Model intercomparison Project Phases 5 and 6 (CMIP5 and CMIP6) and four proxy datasets.

Topic: Mosquito-borne diseases and control
Subfield: Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
A Rationale for Using Computers in Science Education

Research Article| April 01 1984 A Rationale for Using Computers in Science Education James D. Ellis James D. Ellis Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar The American Biology Teacher (1984) 46 (4): 200–206. https://doi.org/10.2307/4447816 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation James D. Ellis; A Rationale for Using Computers in Science Education. The American Biology Teacher 1 April 1984; 46 (4): 200–206. doi: https://doi.org/10.2307/4447816 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentThe American Biology Teacher Search This content is only available via PDF. Copyright 1984 The National Association of Biology Teachers Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.

Topic: Diverse Educational Innovations Studies
Subfield: General Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Notes on African Haemaphysalis Ticks. XII. H. (Rhipistoma) zumpti sp. n., a Parasite of Small Carnivores and Squirrels in Southern Africa (Ixodoidea: Ixodidae)

Haeniaphysalis (Rhipistoma) zumpti sp. n., a small, distinctive member of the H. (R.) leachi group, is described from numerous adult and immature samples from a variety of ecological conditions up to 5,000 ft altitude between 33 and 13? S in eastern regions of the Republic of South Africa, Botswana, Zambia, and Malawi. Host records include 10 species in 9 genera: a ground squirrel (Xerus), a bush squirrel (Paraxerus), 4 viverrids (Cynictis, Suricata, Genetta, Herpestes), a mustelid (Ictonyx), a protelid (Proteles), and a felid (Felis). In certain areas, this species appears to be specially adapted to life in burrow systems excavated by ground squirrels and inhabited also by the yellow mongoose and other small carnivores. Here H. (R.) zumpti has optimal opportunities to acquire and transmit pathogens among 2 or more kinds of mammals. Haemaphysalis (Rhipistoma) zumpti sp. n., a distinctive member of the H. (R.) leachi group, is described from adults and immatures from the Republic of South Africa, Botswana, Zambia, and Malawi. In some areas, this species appears to be specially adapted to life in burrow systems excavated by ground squirrels and inhabited also by the yellow mongoose and other small carnivores. From the nature and variety of recorded hosts, more detailed biological and epidemiological investigations of H. (R.) zumpti should be especially rewarding. Haemaphysalis (Rhipistoma) zumpti sp. n. Zumpt's southern Africa haemaphysalid (Figs. 1-35)

Topic: Vector-borne infectious diseases
Subfield: Parasitology
Field: Immunology and Microbiology
Domain: Life Sciences
Abstract 242: Superoxide and Isoketal Neo-antigen formation in Dendritic Cells from Hypertensive mice activate T cells and promote Hypertension

Superoxide and inflammation contribute to the genesis of hypertension but the mechanisms involved are not fully understood. We examined the hypothesis that oxidative stress in dendritic cells (DCs) alters endogenous proteins via Isoketal-modification leading to formation of neo-antigens, T cell activation and blood pressure elevation. DCs isolated from mice with angiotensin II-induced hypertension had a significant increase in NADPH oxidase-dependent superoxide production when compared to sham-treated mice (334.0±49.7 versus 65.8±4.5 pmol/mg protein). This was associated with an exuberant DC accumulation of protein-isoketal adducts and activation of IL-6, IL-1β and IL-23 production. DCs from hypertensive mice but not sham mice promoted survival and proliferation of CD8 + T cells in culture. Scavenging of isoketals not only prevented activation and immunogenicity of DCs, but also markedly attenuated angiotensin II-induced hypertension (142.59 ± 8.98 mmHg versus 175.53 ± 5.19 mmHg in controls). Moreover, adaptive transfer of DCs from hypertensive mice primed development of hypertension in mice given a sub-pressor dose of angiotensin II (157.45 ± 33.86 mmHg versus 119.90 ± 17.33 mmHg in controls). These studies show that angiotensin II-induced hypertension activates DCs, in large part by causing superoxide production and formation of isoketals. We propose that Isoketal-modified proteins can be presented as neo-antigens by DCs, which in turn trigger T cell activation leading to hypertension.

Topic: Atherosclerosis and Cardiovascular Diseases
Subfield: Immunology
Field: Immunology and Microbiology
Domain: Life Sciences