jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Eicosanoids in Coronary Sinus Correlate with NT-proBNP in Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction Indicated to Resynchronization Therapy: Insights from Eicosanoids in Human Heart Failure Study

Abstract Introduction The diagnostic potential of eicosanoids, metabolites of arachidonic acid with cardio-renal activity, in chronic heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) remains unclear. The aim was to investigate levels of eicosanoids in different body compartments and their relation to natriuretic peptides. Material and methods Eleven HFrEF patients indicated to cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) were enrolled to measure 14,15-epoxyeicosatrienoic acid (14,15-EET), 14,15-dihydroxyicosatrienoic acid (14,15-DHET) and N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) levels from venous, arterial, and coronary sinus (CS) blood samples. Results In CS, NT-proBNP negatively correlated with plasmatic 14,15-EET (r = − 0.63, p = 0.03) and positively with the DHET/EET ratio (r = 0.73, p = 0.02). This correlation was not found in the other compartments. Plasmatic 14,15-EET nor 14,15-DHET levels in measured compartments did not differ statistically (p = 0.21, p = 0,64, respectively). In individual patients, the levels of both eicosanoids correlated across all compartments. Peripheral plasma 14,15-EET levels in controls were lower compared to HFrEF patients. Conclusions Peripheral venous eicosanoid (14,15-EET, 14,15-DHET) levels correlate and do not differ from arterial and CS levels in patients with HFrEF indicated to CRT. In CS, NT-proBNP negatively correlates with plasmatic 14,15-EET and positively with the DHET/EET ratio, an indirect measurement of soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) activity, suggesting an important role of eicosanoids and sEH in HFrEF pathophysiology. Graphical abstract

Topic: Eicosanoids and Hypertension Pharmacology
Subfield: Biochemistry
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells Exhibit a Transdifferentiation and Therapeutic Effects in a Murine Model of Orthotopic Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Abstract Background and Aim: Bone marrow stem cells can differentiate into mature hepatocytes in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, recent study shown bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are the most potent component in hepatic differentiation, suggesting that the transplantation of MSCs is a promising treatment for liver disease. However, little information is available about the therapeutic potential of MSCs transplantation in cases of hepatic cell carcinoma (HCC). Here, we transplanted bone marrow-derived MSCs to testify their effects in a murine model of orthotopic HCC. Methods:MSCs were obtained from tow male strains of β-galactosidase (β-gal) transgenic mouse(Rosa 26) and BALB/c mouse. MSCs were injected into tumor in BALB/c femal murine models of orthotopic HCC. Tumor growths were assessed by MRI on 7 days and survival rates were observed. When mouse was dying, the liver was removed from each treated mouse and evaluated by x-gal staining, and immunohistochemisty as well. Results: MSCs transplantation increased the survival of hepatocellular carcinoma-bearing mice(25.5±4.5days verus 21.3±1.7days, p=0.025) and decreased tumor diameter slightly (7.7±2.9mm versus 9.4±2.8mm, p=0.284). MSCs transplanted directly into the tumor and/ or normal hepatic parenchyma in the same liver lobe localized mainly at the border between the tumor cells and normal liver parenchyma, induced a large area of coagulative necrosis in the tumor bed. Some engrafted MSCs were positive for albumin. There are in the carcinoma bearing BALB/c mice with MSCs implanted, whether MSCs from BALB/c mice or from Rosa 26 transgenic mice. Conclusion: Our results suggest that the therapeutical effects of MSCs might be mediated not only by their differentiation into hepatocyte, but also mainly by they possess intrinsic antineoplastic properties.

Topic: Liver physiology and pathology
Subfield: Hepatology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
CT Diagnosis of Renal Vein Thrombosis in Nephrotic Syndrome

Forty-seven patients with nephrotic syndrome were prospectively studied for renal vein (RVT) and inferior vena caval (IVCT) thrombosis with dynamic CT. Renal venography and inferior vena cavography was performed on the 12 patients with and on 5 of the patients without CT evidence of thrombosis. Dynamic CT revealed thrombi in 12 of 47 (26%) of the cases (RVT in 8, IVCT in 5); all were confirmed by venography. In one of the cases with RVT, a thrombus in a superior branch of the left renal vein was revealed by venography but not by CT. Venography was normal in all five patients evaluated with normal dynamic CT. We believe that dynamic CT can be used to effectively examine patients with suspected RVT.

Topic: Vascular anomalies and interventions
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Polymicrobial Catfish Spine Infection in a Child

Auburn University Harrison School of Pharmacy and Department of Pediatrics; University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine (Eiland) Department of Pediatrics; University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine; Huntsville, AL (Salazar)

Topic: Vibrio bacteria research studies
Subfield: Endocrinology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Exploring the Nexus Between Culture, Values, Institutions, Happiness and Philanthropy: A Global Evidence

The main aim of this study was to investigate the impact of culture, values, institutions, and happiness on the world’s philanthropy. Culture is measured by Hofstede index (i.e. individualism-collectivism, masculinity-femininity, long and short-run orientation, uncertainty avoidance, power distance, and indulgence-restraint). The measurement of value is WVS (World Value Survey) and it consists of the emotion of happiness, active/ inactive membership of a church or religious organization, important in life; religion, confidence on charitable/ humanitarian organization and active/ inactive membership of charitable/ humanitarian organization. Institutions are measured by WGI (World Governance Indicators) and it consists of corruption, regulatory quality, accountability and voice, rule of law, political stability and government effectiveness, the sub-variables of happiness (index) are social support, freedom to take decisions and generosity and world’s philanthropy is measured by CAF (Charitable Aid Foundation) world giving index. We have gathered panel data (from the period 2010 to 2014) of CAF index, happiness index and WGI of 62 countries and cross-sectional data of CAF index, Hofstede index, WGI, happiness index and WVS of 24 countries. The result (of panel data) shows that there is a significant relation of WGI, social support and freedom of choice with CAF index whereas there is an insignificant connection between generosity and CAF index. The findings (of cross-sectional data of all factors combined) shows that there is a relation of the Hofstede index and happiness index with the CAF index while there is no linkage of WGI and WVS with the CAF index. The study suggests that charitable organizations should personify their value in order to build trust among the public. Countries should improve their governance because this will lead to equality and by doing this countries will also manage their resources efficiently and effectively.

Topic: Cultural Differences and Values
Subfield: Social Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Learning Holistic Interactions in LBSNs with High-order, Dynamic, and Multi-role Contexts

Location-based social networks (LBSNs) have emerged over the past few years. Their exponential network effects depend on the fact that each user can share her daily digital footprints with different communities, in different places, and at different times (for example in the form of check-in activities). Unlike other types of social networks, activities in an LBSN can potentially be performed by several users in a collaborative way. Existing studies of representation learning for LBSNs often consider them as regular graphs and ignore these high-order, dynamic, and multi-role contexts, since their holistic interactions are quite difficult to capture. In this paper, we propose a model in which these holistic interactions can be learned and transferred into node embeddings derived from a hypergraph representation and a persona decomposition process. More specifically, the model learns from friendship edges, check-in hyperedges, and node personas at the same time, and devises multiple presentations for each user that reflects their multiple roles in a social context. The embedding learning process also exploits useful patterns such as user co-location and sequential effects through a carefully designed point-of-interest splitting step. Extensive experiments on real and synthetic datasets show that our model outperforms alternative state-of-the-art embedding methods on friendship and location prediction tasks.

Topic: Human Mobility and Location-Based Analysis
Subfield: Transportation
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Insecticidal Activity of<i>Commiphora erythraea</i>Essential Oil and Its Emulsions Against Larvae of Three Mosquito Species

Abstract The use of essential oils as ecofriendly tools for vector management is one of the mainstreams for biopesticide research. We evaluated the larvicidal properties of Commiphora erythraea (opoponax) essential oil and its fractions against Culex restuans Theobald, Culex pipiens L., and Aedes aegypti L. The use of bio-based amylose–N-1-hexadecylammonium chloride inclusion complex (Hex-Am) and amylose–sodium palmitate inclusion complex (Na-Palm) as emulsifiers for C. erythraea essential oil was also investigated. Bisabolene was the most abundant chemical constituent in the whole essential oil (33.9%), fraction 2 (62.5%), and fraction 4 (23.8%) while curzerene (32.6%) and α-santalene (30.1%) were the dominant chemical constituents in fractions 1 and 3, respectively. LC50 values for the whole essential oil were 19.05 ppm for Cx. restuans, 22.61 ppm for Cx. pipiens, and 29.83 ppm for Ae. aegypti and differed significantly. None of the four C. erythraea essential oil fractions were active against mosquito larvae. Two CYP450 genes (CYP6M11 and CYP6N12) and one GST gene (GST-2) were significantly upregulated in Ae. aegypti larvae exposed to C. erythraea essential oil suggesting their potential involvement in metabolic pathways for C. erythraea essential oil. Essential oil emulsions produced with Hex-Am were more toxic than the whole essential oil while those produced with Na-Palm had similar toxicity as the whole essential oil. These findings demonstrate that C. erythraea essential oil is a promising source of mosquito larvicide and that the use of Hex-Am as an emulsifier can enhance the insecticidal properties of C. erythraea essential oil.

Topic: Insect Pest Control Strategies
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Among-site variability in the stochastic dynamics of East African coral reefs

Coral reefs are dynamic systems whose composition is highly influenced by unpredictable biotic and abiotic factors. Understanding the spatial scale at which long-term predictions of reef composition can be made will be crucial for guiding conservation efforts. Using a 22-year time series of benthic composition data from 20 reefs on the Kenyan and Tanzanian coast, we studied the long-term behaviour of Bayesian vector autoregressive state-space models for reef dynamics, incorporating among-site variability. We estimate that if there were no among-site variability, the total long-term variability would be approximately one third of its current value. Thus among-site variability contributes more to long-term variability in reef composition than does temporal variability. Individual sites are more predictable than previously thought, and predictions based on current snapshots are informative about long-term properties. Our approach allowed us to identify a subset of possible climate refugia sites with high conservation value, where the long-term probability of coral cover &lt;= 0.1 was very low. Analytical results show that this probability is most strongly influenced by among-site variability and by interactions among benthic components within sites. These findings suggest that conservation initiatives might be successful at the site scale as well as the regional scale.

Topic: Coral and Marine Ecosystems Studies
Subfield: Ecology
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
The Oxford handbook of contemporary ballet

"Nearly four hundred and fifty years in, ballet still resonates-though the stages have become international, and the dancers, athletes far removed from noble amateurs. While vibrations from the form's beginnings clearly resound, much has transformed. Nowadays ballet dancers aspire to work across disciplines with choreographers who value a myriad of abilities. Dance theorists and historians make known possibilities and polemics in lieu of notating dances verbatim, and critics do the daily work of recording performance histories and interviewing artists. Ideas circulate, questions arise, and discussions about how to resist ballet's outmoded traditions take precedence. In the dance community, calls for innovation have defined palpable shifts in ballet's direction and resultantly we have arrived at a new moment in its history that is unquestionably recognized as a genre onto its own: Contemporary Ballet. An aspect of this recent discipline is that its dancemakers, more often than not, seek to reorient the viewer by celebrating what could be deemed vulnerabilities, re-construing ideals of perfection, problematizing the marginalized/mainstream dichotomy, bringing audiences closer in to observe, and letting the art become an experience rather than a distant object preciously guarded out of reach. Hence, the practice of ballet is moving to become a less-mediated and more active process in many circumstances. Performers and audiences alike are challenged, and while convention is still omnipresent, choices are being made. For some, this approach has been drawn on for decades, and for others it signifies a changing of the guard, yet however we arrive there, the conclusion is the same: Contemporary Ballet is not a style. That is to say, it is not a trend, phase, or fashionable term that will fade, rather it is a clear period in ballet's time deserved of investigation. And it is into this moment that we enter"--

Topic: Diversity and Impact of Dance
Subfield: Experimental and Cognitive Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Asian Languages and Linguistics

Asian Languages and Linguistics aims to enhance high-quality research on the description and theoretical analysis of languages throughout Asia. The journal encourages submissions from a wide range of topics, including but not limited to the following:• Theoretical research on the syntax, semantics, phonology, morphology, and pragmatics of any Asian language, and the interface studies such as syntax-semantics interface and morphology-phonology interface. • Typological research based on empirical data or theoretical analysis (following any framework) on the structural diversities and cross-linguistic variations among Asian languages or between Asian languages and other languages. • Diachronic research based on a careful investigation of Asian languages data that contribute to the theory or methodology of historical linguistics, as well as interdisciplinary study which links historical linguistics to corpus-based research, language variation, typology, etc. • Cross-disciplinary research between linguistics and philosophy, psychology, language processing, etc. that contributes to the understanding of Asian languages. Contributions from a comparative or typological perspective are especially welcome.

Topic: Linguistic Variation and Morphology
Subfield: Linguistics and Language
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Some Recent Developments in Pressure Vessel Design by Analysis

Stress classification is a significant problem in pressure vessel design by analysis, especially if the design is based on solid finite element analysis. Stress categorization may be circumvented if the design is based on elastic-plastic or limit analysis but the degree of difficulty commonly associated with these types of analysis makes this approach unattractive to many designers. In this paper, a brief survey of a number of recent developments in pressure vessel design by analysis is discussed and assessed in light of Code design requirements.

Topic: Engineering Structural Analysis Methods
Subfield: Mechanical Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Collagen V is a dominant regulator of collagen fibrillogenesis: dysfunctional regulation of structure and function in a corneal-stroma-specific<i>Col5a1</i>-null mouse model

Collagen V is a regulatory fibril-forming collagen that forms heterotypic fibrils with collagen I. Deletion of collagen V in the mouse is associated with a lack of fibril assembly in the embryonic mesenchyme, with a resultant lethal phenotype. The current work elucidates the regulatory roles of collagen V during development and growth of tissues. A conditional mouse model with a mutation in Col5a1 was developed using a Cre-loxP approach. Col5a1 was ablated in Col5a1flox/flox mice using a cornea stroma-specific Kera-Cre driver mouse to produce a bitransgenic Col5a1Δst/Δst line that is null for collagen V. This permits analyses of the corneal stroma, a widely used model for studies of collagen V. The collagen-V-knockout stroma demonstrated severe dysfunctional regulation of fibrillogenesis. Fibril diameters were significantly increased, with an abnormal, heterogeneous distribution; fibril structure was abnormal, fibril number was decreased and lamellae were disorganized with decreased stroma thickness. The phenotype was more severe in the anterior versus posterior stroma. Opacity was demonstrated throughout the Col5a1Δst/Δst stroma, with significantly increased haze intensity compared with control mice. These data indicate central regulatory roles for collagen V in fibril and matrix assembly during tissue development, with dysfunctional regulation resulting in a functional loss of transparency.

Topic: Connective tissue disorders research
Subfield: Genetics
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Initial and Transient Growth of Symmetric Instability

Abstract The mechanism of initial and transient perturbations of symmetric instability (SI) in a hydrostatic flow with lateral shear is analyzed by applying the generalized stability analysis. It is well known that the SI’s most rapidly growing motion is along isopycnals, and the growth rates consist of growing, neutral, and decaying modes. The eigenvectors of these three modes are not orthogonal to each other, hence the initial and transient perturbations bear little resemblance to the normal mode. Our findings indicate that the emergence of normal modes occurs within a time span of 1–3 inertial periods, which we refer to as the transient state. The overall growth of perturbation energy is divided into three components: geostrophic shear production (GSP), lateral shear production (LSP), and meridional buoyancy flux (MB). During the transient state, the perturbation energy is partly driven by MB, contrary to the normal mode which has zero MB. The relative energy contribution is evaluated through the ratio to GSP. While the MB-to-GSP ratio of the initial mode is higher than that of the normal mode, the LSP-to-GSP ratio remains constant. In the absence of the fastest-growing normal mode, MB can serve as the predominant initial energy source. The precise transition in the energy regime is contingent upon the geostrophic Richardson number and Rossby number. Significance Statement Fronts can be unstable to instabilities, which generate disturbance growth and lead to the mixing of water masses. We wanted to understand the initial and transient development of disturbance growth leading to the well-known exponentially growing state. While the exponentially growing disturbance is dominant in the long run, the disturbance growth may not have enough time to achieve the exponentially growing state. We find that the initial disturbance growth bears little resemblance to the exponentially growing state. Capturing the complete spectrum of front evolution remains challenging, and observations have thus far been limited to short-term records. The insights learned from this study can aid in better characterizing the disturbance growth captured in these short-term records.

Topic: Oceanographic and Atmospheric Processes
Subfield: Oceanography
Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences
Domain: Physical Sciences
Color Signal Distortions in Envelope Type of Second Detectors

When an NTSC color signal transmission is detected by an envelope type of second detector, several distortion components can be produced. In saturated color areas the detected luminance signal may be lower than the intended level, and additionally a 920-kc color-sound beatnote may result.

Topic: Color Science and Applications
Subfield: Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Occurrence Download

A dataset containing 16067 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query: { "DatasetKey" : [ "is Données du jardin botanique de l'IRAG à Sérédou (BID-AF2015-0066-REG)" ] } The dataset includes 16067 records from 1 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0002121-180824113759888/datasets/export for details. Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.

Topic: Microbial Natural Products and Biosynthesis
Subfield: Pharmacology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
“Cheerful Nonchalance” as an Affective Response to Precarity: Refusing Safety Measures in Eastern Siberia

This article is building on the analysis of affective responses to precarious conditions to argue that one such response can be described as “cheerful nonchalance.” The village of Anosovo emerged in 1961 after the construction of the Bratsk dam on the Angara River. Many villagers were certain Anosovo was a temporary settlement from the beginning. Yet more than half a century later, Anosovo is still there, even as its population diminishes. When not only the state gives up on a place, but people also adopt a kind of blasé attitude to the risks of daily life, the affect of cheerful nonchalance comes to life to help with the living. Various affective attitudes toward precarity and uncertainty in post-Soviet realities and beyond have been described as nostalgia, “patriotism of despair,” and “cruel optimism” in post-Soviet realities and beyond. Nonchalance has been overlooked, even though it is doing the work of making life possible in a place enduring socio-economic disenfranchisement. With the use of ethnographic methods, this article shows how mundane events—such as the implementation of a polygraph test by a timber harvesting firm or a refusal to abide by safety measures like wearing seat belts—are the expressions of the affect of nonchalance.

Topic: Arctic and Russian Policy Studies
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
MEK inhibitor: the MM magic bullet?

MEK/ERK pathway activation in multiple myeloma (MM) is critical for cell growth and survival. Tai and colleagues have demonstrated that the MEK1/2 inhibitor AZD6244 targets both MM cells and osteoclasts.

The RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK pathway is activated in many types of cancer through various mechanisms,

Topic: Multiple Myeloma Research and Treatments
Subfield: Hematology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences