jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Quality changes of farmed cobia steaks held in cold stores (−18 °C)

Summary Cobia ( R achycentron canadum ) steaks held in cold store (−18 °C) were analysed aseptically in triplicates for the sensory, total aerobic bacterial count, proximate composition, p H , thiobarbituric acid‐reactive substance ( TBA ‐ RS ), formaldehyde, total volatile base nitrogen ( TVB ‐ N ), trimethyl amine‐nitrogen ( TMA ‐ N ), salt soluble nitrogen ( SSN ), nonprotein nitrogen ( NPN ), sodium dodecyl sulphate‐poly acrylamide gel electrophoresis ( SDS ‐ PAGE ) pattern. Steaks were sensorially acceptable up to 5 months of storage and the total bacterial counts did not exceed 6 log CFU counts. There were no significant changes in the p H values. TBA ‐ RS values increased significantly ( P &lt; 0.05) and reached 7.34 mg of malonaldehyde kg −1 fat at the end. Formaldehyde content remained constant upto 4th month and later increased to 2.06 μg g −1 ( P &lt; 0.05). TVB ‐ N and TMA ‐ N values did not exceed the acceptable limits. NPN contents showed no change, while SSN contents increased to 1.24% after 5 months. SDS ‐ PAGE pattern indicated no protein denaturation in the fish tissue. Results indicated that TBA ‐ RS value can only be considered as the valuable indicator in determining the quality of fish steaks held in cold stores.

Topic: Meat and Animal Product Quality
Subfield: Animal Science and Zoology
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Word Embeddings as Tuples of Feature Probabilities

In this paper, we provide an alternate perspective on word representations, by reinterpreting the dimensions of the vector space of a word embedding as a collection of features. In this reinterpretation, every component of the word vector is normalized against all the word vectors in the vocabulary. This idea now allows us to view each vector as an n-tuple (akin to a fuzzy set), where n is the dimensionality of the word representation and each element represents the probability of the word possessing a feature. Indeed, this representation enables the use fuzzy set theoretic operations, such as union, intersection and difference. Unlike previous attempts, we show that this representation of words provides a notion of similarity which is inherently asymmetric and hence closer to human similarity judgements. We compare the performance of this representation with various benchmarks, and explore some of the unique properties including function word detection, detection of polysemous words, and some insight into the interpretability provided by set theoretic operations.

Topic: Topic Modeling
Subfield: Artificial Intelligence
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Consensus and diversity regarding overtourism: the Delphi-study and derived assumptions for the post-COVID-19 time

This research focuses on the phenomenon of overtourism with the aim of demonstrating both the plurality of views on overtourism; and the fact that a consensus is identified using the Delphi method. The Delphi survey points out the focus areas within destination management, product development, economic mechanisms to balance tourism demand, as well as innovative approaches for destination management and governance. The scope of the present Delphi-study is to discover a sustainable strategy-approach to Destination Management Organisations to tackle overtourism: the authored strategic considerations are derived on the basis of the research with the empirical results analysed for the post-COVID-19 future. The research suggests destination resilience as an applied concept for preventing overtourism and/or managing its negative multi-facet effects for the purposes of advanced sustainable development in the post-COVID-19 perspective. Preventive, self-regulating and innovative approaches are required at the level of destination management.

Topic: Diverse Aspects of Tourism Research
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Letters to the Editor

RETURN TO ISSUEPREVLetterNEXTLetters to the EditorCite this: Chem. Eng. News 1949, 27, 16, 1172–1173Publication Date (Print):April 18, 1949Publication History Published online5 November 2010Published inissue 18 April 1949https://doi.org/10.1021/cen-v027n016.p1172Copyright © 1949 American Chemical SocietyArticle Views51Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (205 KB) SUBJECTS:Chemical structure,Manufacturing,Organic compounds Get e-Alerts

Topic: History and advancements in chemistry
Subfield: Physical and Theoretical Chemistry
Field: Chemistry
Domain: Physical Sciences
Critical Conversations about Jane Austen's Emma and Persuasion

Austen scholars today do not argue whether Jane Austen is incorporating Romanticism in her novel Persuasion, but questions of how and why Austen uses romantic conventions are still much in debate. Furthermore, whether Austen seems to admire or to criticize the Romantics is also controversial. Though Jane Austen scholar Charles Rzepka argues that Austen’s focus on the utilitarian undermines any romantic ideals, it is important to realize that Persuasion is nevertheless rife with romantic imagery that cannot be ignored or treated as irrelevant; perhaps it is only the ideology of the Romantics that Austen is criticizing. Austen critic Sarah Wootton believes that Austen was influenced by Romanticism and purposefully incorporated elements of the Romantic that were useful for making her own narrative points. Ultimately, in my paper “‘Green Chasms between Romantic Rocks’: Exploring Romanticism in Jane Austen’s Persuasion,” I claim that a balanced analysis of Persuasion reveals that Austen appreciated many of the aesthetic conceptions of Romanticism, while she avoided the ideology of the Romantic and criticized the self-centered and isolationist ideas of Romanticism. I demonstrate that Austen’s appreciation of Romanticism did not lead to her allying herself with the Romantics of her time. The emotion and imagery that fill Persuasion clearly show a romantic influence on the novel, but Austen merges her own style with romantic conventions to critique both her society and the Romantic Movement, making it clear that though she admires the aesthetics of Romanticism, she herself is anti-romantic in purpose.

Topic: Shakespeare, Adaptation, and Literary Criticism
Subfield: Literature and Literary Theory
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Protection from ink disease of <i>Castanea sativa</i> orchards: first steps of INKAS Project, the Rural Development Program for Marche region (central-eastern Italy)

Chestnut (Castanea sativa L.) is a multifunctional species which plays a key role in the economy of mountainous areas of Marche region (central-eastern Italy). More than 4,000 ha are covered with chestnut and about 1,000 ha are cultivated for fruit production, with more than 500 farms involved. Since some decades, there has been a gradual increase of chestnut orchards left without any cultivation for economic and social reasons as well as phytosanitary problems. At the beginning of 21st century, the introduction of Asian chestnut gall wasp had an important and negative impact on the vigor and on the production of plants, with the recrudescence of ink disease, caused by Phytophthora spp., which from restricted areas step by step is undermining the chestnut regional heritage. At the end of 2022, rural development program founded INKAS Project, whose main objective is the protection of the existing regional chestnut heritage, from the relentless advance of ink disease, through a multidisciplinary approach.

Topic: Plant Pathogens and Fungal Diseases
Subfield: Cell Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Redistributive impact of privatization and the regulation of utilities in Chile

The authors address the question of infrastructure reforms in a novel way by focusing on the impact which they can have on consumers through the prices paid by different groups and on their access to the networks. They analyse original material from four Latin American countries – Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Peru – and two European countries – Spain and the UK. Access is especially relevant when considering immature systems which have not yet extended to cover the majority of the population, as is the case in many Latin American countries. The authors also address the widespread impact of privatization on the economy (via macroeconomic influences) and the more general issues of subsidies and regulation which are endemic to these industries. The book focuses on the reform of four sectors: telecommunications, electricity, gas, and water and sanitation.

Topic: Fiscal Policy and Economic Growth
Subfield: Economics and Econometrics
Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance
Domain: Social Sciences
Everyday Memory in Patients with Alzheimer’s Disease: Fragmentary and Distorted

Everyday life in patients with AD is impeded not due to the incompleteness of memory but also due to its distortions. Furthermore, it is hindered by the lack of awareness towards these deficits. False memory content in patients with AD is associated with Aβ42 levels in the CSF as a surrogate of the overall extent to which the brain has been affected by AD pathology. Future studies will need to address the impact of this duality of memory failure on everyday life of patients with AD and their proxies in greater detail.

Topic: Memory Processes and Influences
Subfield: Cognitive Neuroscience
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences
Choosing Values? Williams Contra Nietzsche

Abstract Amplifying Bernard Williams’ critique of the Nietzschean project of a revaluation of values, this paper mounts a critique of the idea that whether values will help us to live can serve as a criterion for choosing which values to live by. I explore why it might not serve as a criterion and highlight a number of further difficulties faced by the Nietzschean project. I then come to Nietzsche's defence, arguing that if we distinguish valuations from values, there is at least one form of the project which overcomes those difficulties. Finally, however, I show that even on this reading, the project must either fall prey to ‘Saint-Just's illusion’ or fall back into the problems it was supposed to escape. This highlights important difficulties faced by the Nietzschean project and its descendants while also explaining why Williams, who was so Nietzschean in other respects, remained wary of the revaluation of values as a project.

Topic: Philosophical Ethics and Theory
Subfield: Philosophy
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Formulation and In-Vitro evaluation of Nortriptyline Hydrochloride mucoadhesive buccal films

This contemporaneous research was aimed to formulate buccal mucoadhesive DDS to enhance bioavailability and avoid pre systemic metabolism. The mucoadhesive film was fabricated by solvent casting method with base polymer chitosan and a combination of hydrophilic polymer like PVP or Gelatin. The films were then evaluated. All the formulations were found to have optimum strength to withstand folding endurance. The films' consistent size, thickness, and weight variation were discovered. The drug content uniformity of films was exceptionally well. Given that the film's surface pH falls between 6.6 and 6.7, buccal administration is appropriate for it. The pH near to the neutral region decreases the chances of mucosal irritation. The invitro adhesion ability of the formulations were affected by the composition of chitosan and PVP or Gelatin. The lower and higher concentration of chitosan was not sufficient for invitro adhesion of films. The formulation having chitosan and hydrophilic polymers in the ratio 1:1.5 showed strong invitro adhesion. The invitro bioadhesion time of the formulations containing chitosan and gelatin or PVP was less due to poor ionization of gelatin. On increasing the concentration of hydrophilic polymers, the invitro bioadhesion time increased. The highest concentration of the polymers decreased the adhesion time. The formulation NF5 with chitosan and gelatin within the proportion of 1:1.5 exhibited drug release of 98.1% at 6 hours. The sole purpose of this work is to adhere the buccal film with the mucosa, hence formulation NF5 was selected as best formulation. Thus, current investigation's goal to develop a buccal mucoadhesive drug delivery was fulfilled.&#x0D; Keywords: Buccal film, Nortriptyline HCl, depression, in vitro studies, mucoadhesive

Topic: Advanced Drug Delivery Systems
Subfield: Pharmaceutical Science
Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics
Domain: Life Sciences
The 1942 Santa Anita Detainment Center Labor Strike and Japanese American Incarceration during World War II

This article studies a brief strike by Nikkei incarcerees at the Santa Anita Assembly Center in 1942. Employed in the industrial production of camouflage nets, the imprisoned Japanese Americans staged a strike over pay, worker safety, and rights. Without previous guidelines, the center’s administrators had to devise a resolution to this halt in the production of war materiel. The Santa Anita netmakers' strike and its resolution provided a foundation for handling labor disputes at the permanent WRA camps later. The author identifies the administration, division of labor, pay, and unsafe work conditions, along with the strike leadership, management’s response, and the outcome of the strike.

Topic: Asian American and Pacific Histories
Subfield: Cultural Studies
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
&lt;title&gt;Microcomputer-based image processing system for CT/MRI scans: II. Expert system&lt;/title&gt;

A microcomputer-based image processing system is used to digitize and process serial sections of CT/MRI scan and reconstruct three-dimensional images of brain structures and brain lesions. The images grabbed also serve as templates and different vital regions with different risk values are also traced out for 3D reconstruction. A knowledge-based system employing rule-based programming has been built to help identifying brain lesions and to help planning trajectory for operations. The volumes of the lesions are also automatically determined. Such system is very useful for medical skills archival, tumor size monitoring, survival and outcome forecasting, and consistent neurosurgical planning.

Topic: Brain Tumor Detection and Classification
Subfield: Neurology
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences
ELECTROACOUSTIC ABSORBERS I: BRIDGING A GAP BETWEEN ACTIVE SOUND ABSORPTION AND SHUNT LOUDSPEAKERS

Laboratoired’Electromagnetismeet d’Acoustique, Ecole PolytechniqueF´ ed´ ´eralede Lausanne,Station 11, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland, e-mail: herve.lissek@epﬂ.chVariable acoustic properties can be obtained at the diaphragm of an electroacoustic transducer,with the help of very basic control strategies, among which is the simple electrical shuntingof the transducer. These shunt techniques are compared to active feedback techniques forcontrolling the acoustic impedance of an electroacoustic transducer. It is shown here that theformulation of feedback-based acoustic impedance controlreveals formal analogies with shuntstrategies, and highlights an interesting strategy for synthesizing electric networks capable ofmimicking feedbacks on actual acoustic quantities, bridging a gap between passive and ac-tive acoustic impedance control. The present paper describes the underlying theory unifyingall these passive and active acoustic impedance control strategies, introducing the concept of“electroacoustic absorber”. The formal equivalence betwe en shunt and active feedback controlis ﬁrst formalized, on the one hand through the introduction of a 1-degree-of freedom activeacoustic resonator accounting for both electric shunts and acoustic feedbacks, and on the otherhand through the introduction of equivalent electric networks that mimic the performances ofacoustic feedbacks. Simulated acoustic performances are presented, followed by discussionson the design of active electric shunts in view of active sound absorption. At last, experimen-tal assessments of the studied conﬁgurations are presented , with general discussions on theconcept.

Topic: Advanced Adaptive Filtering Techniques
Subfield: Computational Mechanics
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Computed Tomography-based determinants for predicting death and ICU requirement in patients suffering COVID-19

Abstract Background: What has received special attention in recent months is the use of a combination of clinical findings, laboratory markers, and, in addition, the findings of lung Computed Tomography (CT) scan in the design and delivery of risk scoring systems for Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID -19) patients. The present study aimed to determine main lung CT-related correlates of disease severity (Intensive Care Units (ICU) requiring) as well as death in COVID -19 patients. Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 515 consecutive patients with definitive diagnosis of COVID-19 admitted to one of the COVID -19 referral hospitals in Tehran. All patients' information was collected through a review of their archives. All patients were evaluated by CT scan of the lungs. Results: The mean follow-up of patients from the time of admission was 10.85±6.11 days between 1 and 30 days. During this period, a total of 29.1% were admitted to the ICU. Also, the mortality rate of patients was equal to 28.2%. According to multivariable logistic regression model with the presence of death-related correlates, crazy paving pattern, diffuse distribution of lesions, CT Severity Score (CTSS) score &gt;12, the presence of plural effusion or emphysema were the main determinants of COVID -19 related death and should be considered for presenting new scoring system for predicting death following COVID -19 disease. In similar model, CTSS score &gt;12 along with the presence of plural effusion, emphysema, or pulmonary hypertension were the main determinants of requiring ICU admission. Conclusion: The CT score higher than 12 along with observing the pattern of diffuse distribution of lesions especially accompanied with emphysema, pleural effusion or pulmonary hypertension can predict patient mortality or will determine the need for hospitalization in the ICU.

Topic: COVID-19 diagnosis using AI
Subfield: Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
PROBABILITY RATIO TESTS

properties of GSPRT's. In Section 1 it is shown that under certain conditions the distributions of the sample size under the tiwvo hypotheses uniquely determine a GSPRT. In the second section, the admissibility of GSPRT's is discussed, admissibility being defined in terms of the probabilities of the two types of error anld the distributions of the sample size required to come to a decision; in particular, notwithstanding the result of Section 1, many GSPRT's are inadmissible In Section 3 it is shown that, under certain monotonicity assumptions on the probability ratios, the GSPRT's are a complete class with respect to the probabilities of the two types of error and the average distribution of the sample size over a finite set of other distributions. In Section 4, finer characterizations are given of GSPRT's which minimize the expected sample size under a third distribution satisfying certain monotonicity properties relative to the other two distributions; these characterizations give monotonicity properties of the decision bounds. 1. Uniqueness of certain GSPRT's. In this section we identify a GSPRT with the two sequences of limits characterizing it. Using the same notation as in [1], we assume that the Lebesgue densities f, and f2 satisfy the conditions in Section 2 of [1], even for c equal to zero or infinity (i.e., the probability, ratio for any number of observations takes on no single value with positive probability), and are continuous (this last restriction is easily weakened; see also Remark 1 at the end of this section for further generalization).

Topic: Advanced Statistical Process Monitoring
Subfield: Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty
Field: Decision Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Rectal penetrating injuries from blast trauma.

Acts of terrorism are on the rise internationally. Terrorist bombings in Israel have become more ` professional,'' as standard military explosives have become more prevalent and the selection of targets relies on more accurate intelligence gathering in order to maximize damage. Lately, suicide bombers have been using these high powered explosives with high mass components in order to intensify their effects. Rectal injuries caused by high powered missiles without associated colon injuries are not common in military or civilian trauma [1]. To the best of our knowledge, rectal trauma caused by blast injury or bomb fragments has not been reported in the literature. We report two patients who suffered multiple injuries from a suicide bomb attack in Jerusalem. They both sustained penetrating rectal trauma caused by high mass shrapnel, in addition to multiple limb injuries, blast injuries and burns.

Topic: Disaster Response and Management
Subfield: Emergency Medical Services
Field: Health Professions
Domain: Health Sciences
Exploring the Synergies between Blockchain and Internet of Things (IoT) Technologies: A Review of Current Applications and Future Potentials

The convergence of Blockchain and Internet of Things (IoT) technologies has garnered significant attention due to its potential to revolutionize various industries. This paper presents a comprehensive review of the current state of applications and explores the future potentials arising from the synergistic integration of Blockchain and IoT. By combining the tamper-resistant and decentralized nature of Blockchain with the ubiquity and data-sharing capabilities of IoT, novel solutions have emerged in areas such as supply chain management, healthcare, energy, and more. We analyze prominent use cases that leverage this convergence, highlighting the enhanced security, transparency, and efficiency benefits they offer. Moreover, the paper identifies key challenges such as scalability, interoperability, and resource constraints that need to be addressed for widespread adoption. Looking ahead, the paper envisions promising directions for research and development, including hybrid approaches, consensus mechanisms tailored for IoT, and privacy-preserving solutions. As both technologies continue to evolve, this review underscores the transformative potential of their synergy, paving the way for a new era of interconnected, secure, and efficient systems.

Topic: Blockchain Technology Applications and Security
Subfield: Information Systems
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences