jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Dendroclimatology in Latin America: A Review of the State of the Art

The application of dendrochronology for understanding climatic variations has been of great interest to climatologists, ecologists, geographers, archeologists, among other sciences, particularly in recent decades when more dendrochronological studies have been developed. We analyzed and identified the current state and recent advances in dendroclimatology in Latin America for the period 1990 to 2020. We carried out reviews in ScienceDirect, Web of Science, and Scopus databases with the keywords “dendrochronology”, “dendroclimatology”, “dendrochronology and climatic variability”, “dendroclimatology and climatic variability”, “dendrochronology and trend”, and “dendroclimatology and trend” for each Latin American country. Results show that dendroclimatological research in the last 11 years has increased and has been mainly developed in temperate climate zones (83%) and tropical or subtropical areas (17%), where conifer species have been the most used with over 59% of the studies. However, broadleaf species for dendrochronological studies have also increased in the last decade. Dendroclimatological research in Latin America has provided important advances in the study of climatic variability by defining the response functions of tree-rings to climate and developing climatic reconstructions. Our research identified areas where it is necessary to increase dendroclimatic studies (e.g., dry and tropical forests), in addition to applying new techniques such as isotope analysis, blue intensity, dendrochemistry, among other tree-ring applications.

Topic: Tree-ring climate responses
Subfield: Atmospheric Science
Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences
Domain: Physical Sciences
Intracranial Subdural Hematoma Following Neuraxial Anesthesia in the Obstetric Population: A Literature Review With Analysis of 56 Reported Cases

( Int J Obstet Anesth . 2016;25:58–65) Intracranial subdural hematoma is a rare but life-threatening complication of dural puncture that can occur following epidural or spinal anaesthesia. Severe neurological sequelae can be avoided, however, if early diagnosis is made and prompt treatment initiated. The objective of this study was to identify cases of intracranial subdural hematoma following neuraxial anesthesia in obstetric patients, summarize presentation and outcomes and identify risk factors.

Topic: Neurosurgical Procedures and Complications
Subfield: Neurology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Cost optimal investment in energy efficiency measures and energy supply system in a neighbourhood in Norway

Building renovation is a key measure to reduce energy consumption and Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, and ease the transition to a fully renewable energy system. This paper applies the IEA EBC Annex 75 methodology for investigating the cost optimal and environmental trade-off between investment in energy efficiency measures on the building envelope and energy supply, on a residential neighbourhood in Norway. Combination of different energy efficiency measures and energy supply systems are investigated with an optimal investment model. The cost and environmental impact of the combinations are evaluated. An important outcome is that within the evaluated combinations, the choice of energy supply system has little impact on the cost effectiveness of the energy efficiency measures. However, it has a significant impact on the GHG emissions. The results also highlight the importance of performing energy efficiency measures in coordination with other renovating measures, both regarding cost effectiveness and environmental impact. The results will not give a finite answer to what is the best solution but serves at a useful set of inputs for overall evaluations.

Topic: Building Energy and Comfort Optimization
Subfield: Building and Construction
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
LHD DTS #56953.1

Digitally synchronized timing distribution system (DTS) has been developed for the LHD fusion plasma measurements, which delivers a 10MHz synchronous clock with the master trigger message through the tree-structured optical fiber links from the master modulator to multiple demodulators to output pre-programmed divided clocks and delayed triggers

Topic: Bacterial Genetics and Biotechnology
Subfield: Genetics
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Supplementary Figure 2 from Activation of Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1α Is Necessary for Lysophosphatidic Acid–Induced Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Expression

Supplementary Figure 2 from Activation of Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1α Is Necessary for Lysophosphatidic Acid–Induced Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Expression

Topic: Phagocytosis and Immune Regulation
Subfield: Immunology
Field: Immunology and Microbiology
Domain: Life Sciences
H-BILSTM: A Novel Bidirectional Long Short Term Memory Network Based Intelligent Early Warning Scheme in Mobile Edge Computing (MEC)

Due to the limitations of edge server resources, an efficient offloading strategy is critical for reducing the service latency and energy consumption of terminal devices. However, the efficiency of the resource allocation relies heavily on an accurate evaluation of the load in the edge servers, which is usually unknown and changes periodically. In this paper, we analyse the performance of the resource allocations based on various load prediction algorithm allocations in a mobile edge computing (MEC) system and propose a neural network-based load alert scheme. First, we propose a deep neural network-based MEC load prediction algorithm inspired by a bidirectional long-term and short-term memory neural network (BILSTM) called H-BILSTM to predict the load utilization of MEC servers in future time slots. Second, we correspondingly propose an early warning mechanism based on the predicted load level that can quickly adjust the computing offloading strategy. The simulation results show that both the computing efficiency and prediction accuracy of H-BILSTM are better than those of several baseline prediction methods. In addition, the proposed warning scheme with the early warning unit effectively reduces the response time by 66.5 <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\%$</tex-math></inline-formula> compared with the baseline.

Topic: IoT and Edge/Fog Computing
Subfield: Computer Networks and Communications
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Communication Pattern, Dyadic Adjustment, and Parenting Practices among Married Couples in India: Mediating Role of Dyadic Coping

The primary goal of the current study was to examine the dyadic association between communication patterns (CP), dyadic coping (DC) efforts, dyadic adjustment (DA), and parenting practices (PP), using a sample of 340 married couples ( N = 680) in India. The findings from the actor–partner interdependence mediation modeling (APIMeM) indicated that the husbands showed both actor and partner effects between all the variables. The actor and partner effects were not significant for the link between communication patterns and dyadic coping for wives. Still, they showed significant actor and partner effects for the association between dyadic coping and dyadic adjustment, as well as parenting practices. One’s own and spouse’s dyadic coping mediated the association between communication patterns and dyadic adjustment and parenting practices for husbands but not wives. These findings shed light on the communication and coping mechanisms and their link with adjustment and parenting practices among couples beyond Western cultural contexts.

Topic: Attachment and Relationship Dynamics
Subfield: Social Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Study of dose rate in the brain model based on the neutron beam of SUT-MNSR

Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) is tumor-cell targeted radiotherapy that has significant superiority over conventional radiotherapies. The most neutron beams used for BNCT are from the reactors with high power, new design Miniature Neutron Source Reactor(MNSR) with 45kW with BNCT beam for Suranaree University of Technology(SUT) is being designed and built. According to SUT-MNSR physics design, SUT-MNSR will have the epithermal neutron beam for BNCT treatment. The dose rate distribution in the body should be estimated before SUT-MNSR is used for BNCT clinical trials (Brain tumor). This paper introduces the simulation for SUT-MNSR neutron beam by Monte Carlo N-Particle Transport Code (MCNP), and the establishment of human brain model and physics dose rate distribution in brain tumor by MCNP program.The brain model is established according to the different element in the skin, skull and tissue, the distribution of neutron dose and Gamma dose in the brain model were calculated.

Topic: Boron Compounds in Chemistry
Subfield: Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Prevalence and age at diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorder in south Italy, 2004–2014

Background 

The prevalence of autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) has increased markedly in recent decades. The early diagnosis of children with ASDs is a critical step in gaining access to early intervention, providing optimal opportunity for developmental benefits by taking advantage of early brain plasticity. However, data at the national level are limited. The aim of the study was to estimate the prevalence and age at diagnosis of ASDs in children living …

Topic: Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
Subfield: Cognitive Neuroscience
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences
Age-related changes in the frequency of harassment-avoidance behaviourof virgin females of the small copper butterfly, Lycaena phlaeas (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae)

Mated females of the small copper butterfly Lycaena phlaeas avoid harassment by males by closing their wings and concealing themselves when in the proximity of a con-specific butterfly. This wing-closing behaviour is less frequently exhibited by virgin females that are two days old or older (i.e., potentially receptive) than by mated females. During the first 2 days after emergence, females of L. phlaeas are sexually immature and unreceptive. To determine whether recently emerged virgin females try to avoid male harassment, age-related changes in the frequency of harassment-avoidance behaviour of virgin females were investigated. On the day of emergence, a high percentage of virgin females exhibited wing-closing behaviour. Over the following 2 days, however, the frequency of this behaviour declined sharply and then reached a constant low level. This observation supports the idea that the harassment-avoidance behaviour exhibited by virgin females of L. phlaeas depends on their receptivity.

Topic: Insect and Pesticide Research
Subfield: Insect Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Supplementary Figure Legends from Activation of Hematopoietic Stem/Progenitor Cells Promotes Immunosuppression Within the Pre–metastatic Niche

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Topic: Immune cells in cancer
Subfield: Immunology
Field: Immunology and Microbiology
Domain: Life Sciences
Essential Oils of <i>Alpinia vietnamica</i> Rhizomes and Leaves: Chemical Composition, Cytotoxicity, α-Glucosidase Inhibition, and Molecular Docking Approach

Objective: Alpinia is a big genus of flowering plants in the family Zingiberaceae. The plants of this genus are generally aromatic due to their essential oils. The current study aims to identify chemical compositions in the rhizome and leaf oils of Alpinia vietnamica H.Đ. Trần, Luu &amp; Škorničk. Methods: Essential oils of A vietnamica rhizomes and leaves obtained by hydrodistillation were investigated by the gas chromatography–flame ionization detection/mass spectrometry (GC–FID/MS) analysis. A vietnamica essential oils have been subjected to cytotoxic and α-glucosidase inhibitory assays. The protein interactions of the major compounds were viewed by molecular docking study. Results: In general, monoterpene hydrocarbons (60.4%-62.5%) and their oxygenated derivatives (18.1%-29.0%) were the main chemical classes of the rhizome and leaf oils. In the meantime, 1,8-cineole (25.7%-29.0%), β-pinene (12.8%-21.3%), geraniol (9.0%-15.2%), and α-pinene (6.1%-7.5%) can be seen as the main compounds. A vietnamica essential oils showed cytotoxicity toward four cancer cell lines KB, Hep-G2, Lu-1, and MCF-7 with IC 50 values of 82.39 to 254.1 µg/mL. Significantly, the leaf oil (IC 50 115.18 µg/mL) was better than the standard compound acarbose (IC 50 156.68 µg/mL) in the α-glucosidase inhibitory assay. The results of molecular docking simulation suggested that 1,8-cineole, geraniol, α-pinene, and β-pinene could generate a similar inhibition (binding affinities) with acarbose, and the hydrogen and hydrophobic interactions played contributory roles in the binding to α-glucosidase enzyme. Conclusion: Further phytochemical investigations on this species, especially chromatographic separations to isolate bioactive metabolites, are needed. As well, pharmacological experiments are welcome since the current study is the first result.

Topic: Ginger and Zingiberaceae research
Subfield: Pharmacology
Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics
Domain: Life Sciences
New Techniques in Dealing with Stuttering

Dr. Robert L. Casteel, "New Techniques in Dealing with Stuttering" taped February 23, 1970. Casteel: Associate Professor of Speech Introduction by Dr. John Allen. Original broadcast: March 18, 1970. Part of the Eye Opener Series broadcast on KGW in partnership with Portland State University.

Topic: Stuttering Research and Treatment
Subfield: Clinical Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
The Relationships among Environmental Training, Environmental Attitude of Employee, Environmental Behavior of Employee and Environmental Orientation of Organization: A Review of Literature

Abstract This paper reviews the relationships among environmental training, environmental attitude of employee, environmental behavior of employee and environmental orientation of organization. In order to achieve the review objectives, a systematic review of literature was conducted by using an archival method. This review process has used more than 70 research papers which are relevant to reviewed concepts. Findings of the review suggest that there are positive relationships among the reviewed concepts. Further, the relationship between environmental training (independent variable-IV) and environmental orientation of organization (dependent variable-DV) is mediated by environmental attitude of employee (mediating variable-M1). Similarly, environmental behavior of employee (mediating variable-M2) mediates the relationship between environmental training and environmental orientation of organization. Moreover, the environmental attitude of employee (M1) and environmental behavior of employee (M2) sequentially mediate the relationship between the environmental training and environmental orientation of organization (IV M1 M2  DV). Finally, this review proposes a three path mediation model which is useful to test and understand the relationships among the reviewed concepts empirically in the future. Keywords: Environmental Attitude of Employee, Environmental Behavior of Employee, Environmental Orientation of Organization, Environmental Training,

Topic: Environmental Education and Sustainability
Subfield: Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
The Advantages and Limitations of Seeking Sex Online: A Comparison of Reasons Given for Online and Offline Sexual Liaisons by Men Who Have Sex With Men

Abstract The Internet has developed as a major site for sexual activity, both cybersex and for making contacts for sex in real life (IRL). As part of a major study of HIV-risk behavior on the Internet and IRL, we obtained online responses from 1,017 Latino men who have sex with men (MSM) in the United States. Open-ended questions solicited responses regarding whether respondents preferred to meet sexual partners first IRL (48.4%), on the Internet (31.6%), or "it depends" (20%), and "why?". Data were analyzed by theme, with themes grouped into overarching domains. Data indicate that for those preferring the Internet, themes represented were ease of Internet use, its advantages for people who were shy, and its anonymity, safety, the excitement and opportunity for experimentation of Internet contact, ability to avoid interpersonal contact, and control of visuals and the environment. Reasons for preferring meeting IRL included some of the same themes but with an emphasis on the importance of a "real presence" and the possibility to build a relationship. Where "it depends," key themes were contextual: mood, time, setting, alcohol and drug use, sexual needs and urgency, and relationship intentions. Antagonistic advantages were often noted for cybersex and IRL. These data suggest that motivations for making Internet sexual contact in MSM are complex, depend on the context and nature of the relationship sought, and that the Internet has allowed the development of a class of sexual contacts located between IRL and fantasy.

Topic: Sexuality, Behavior, and Technology
Subfield: Clinical Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Ultimate spectral efficiency of information transmission as thefigure of merit of host materials of EDFA

The exact ``quantum limit'' value of noise figure of EDFA in the high gain regime at quasi-two-level pumping is determined on the base of the McCumber theory. It is shown that in the unsaturated gain regime the ultimate spectral efficiency of information transmission depends on host material of EDFA and can serve as a figure of merit for comparison of host fibers.

Topic: Semiconductor Lasers and Optical Devices
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Use of Microbes for Black Liquor Clarification

Effluent from pulp and paper industry called as black liquor (BL). Black liquor contains salts and organic material. It is dark coloured and hazardous in nature. Precipitation of black liquor (BL) was studied. Different concentrations of hydrochloric acid attempted. 0.73, 1.46, 1.82, 2.19, 2.55, 2.92% HCl was used. Precipitation observed. pH, residue amount and decolorization were studied. 2.55, 2.92% HCl were able to precipitate the black liquor (BL) to a maximum level. pH of the supernatant was 6.0 and 5.0 respectively. We have studied biodegradation of this undiluted black liquor at different pH 5 and 6. Different bacterial and yeast cultures were used for screening. 18 cultures used for biodegradation of black liquor at pH 6.0. Cell concentration was 2.5% (wet weight basis). 80% black liquor used. Biodegradation was carried out at 28°C for 24h under shaking condition. Candida utilis NCIM 3055 has shown 9.81% decolorization. We have used pH 5.0 for screening at 28°C for 24h under shaking condition. 21 cultures were used for screening. Among the 21 cultures, Pseudomonas putida NCIM 2205, Pseudomonas testosteronii NCIM 5099 and Saccharomyces carlsbergensis NCIM 3455 have shown 27.74, 37.74 and 24.57% decolorization. Pseudomonas testosteronii NCIM 5099 has shown maximum decolorization. It has produced clear liquid after treatment.

Topic: Microbial Metabolism and Applications
Subfield: Biotechnology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
A Comparative Study of Negro and White Children on Melodic and Harmonic Sensitivity

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM There have been many studies made of music talent and nationality. Out of the many racial groups studied, the Negro has probably been subjected to the most searching analysis. In the field of music, he is being closely studied with the result that much significant information of educational importance is being uncovered. The procedure in testing the Negro for musical talent has been along lines of comparison with other nationalities and with native whites in particular. Many types and kinds of tests are being made which measure extensively many phases of music fundamentals. Items of pitch, rhythm, time, consonance, melodic and harmonic discrimination, etc., make up the bulk of the testing material now available. The study here presented is based upon a comparison of scores earned by Negro and white children on tests of Melodic and Harmonic Sensitivity. It is an attempt to obtain further knowledge on the musical talent of the Negro by comparison with native whites. This particular study was undertaken with the purpose of yielding more educationally reliable findings on the potential talent and training needs of the Negro. From other studies similar to this one, we get conflicting results. Some show the Negroes to be superior to the whites. Some studies reveal the Negro to rank higher in certain measurements involving the measurement of rhythm. Again, results have shown in some instances no difference of any importance between the Negro and the white. Public opinion gives the Negro a rather good musical reputation. How has this reputation, deserved or undeserved, been earned? The educator as a research student is eager to learn whether the Negro is comparable to the white, and, if differences exist, what educational implications are involved. Common beliefs, therefore, have to be broken down and new concepts set up, backed by statistically reliable information. The general opinion of those who have sought to answer these questions is, that the Negro is intellectually inferior to the white race. The greatest deficiency is thought to be in analysis, judgment, reasoning, and simple understanding. The reason for this could be the lack of adequate educational facilities for the Negro. It has only been for the past 65 years that free education has been made available to the Negro. Sixty-five years cannot build standards of achievement that will be on a level with the educational standards of the native whites. However, the Negro may not be the equal of the whites intellectually for some contend that he is inferior in endowment and mental equipment. This study was undertaken with these thoughts in mind. Research of

Topic: Diverse Music Education Insights
Subfield: Music
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Characterizing the regulatory logic of transcriptional control at the DNA sequence level by ensembles of thermodynamic models

This work reports a toolset for automated production of ensembles of several thousand fits to data, filtering of fits lying within the uncertainty of Drosophila melanogaster even-skipped expression data, and visualization of regulatory mechanisms producing a given expression pattern down to individual binding sites accordingly to available transcription factors. Available: All fits data and Docker Image pre-configured to run the application.

Topic: Genomics and Chromatin Dynamics
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences