jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Hypergeometric systems in two variables, quivers, dimers and dessins d’enfants

This paper presents some parallel developments in Quiver/Dimer Models, Hypergeometric Systems and Dessins d'Enfants. The setting in which Gelfand, Kapranov and Zelevinsky have formulated the theory of hypergeometric systems, provides also a natural setting for dimer models. The Fast Inverse Algorithm, the untwisting procedure and the Kasteleyn matrix for dimer models are recasted in this setting. There is a relation between triangulations in GKZ theory and some perfect matchings in the dimer models, so that the secondary polygon coincides with the Newton polygon of the Kasteleyn determinant. Finally it is observed in examples and conjectured to hold in general, that the determinant of the Kasteleyn matrix with suitable weights becomes after a simple transformation equal to the principal A-determinant in GKZ theory.

Topic: Tensor decomposition and applications
Subfield: Computational Mathematics
Field: Mathematics
Domain: Physical Sciences
Position control for PMSM servo system using non-smooth feedback and disturbance estimation compensation

In order to improve the control precision and disturbance rejection property of the PMSM position servo system, a novel composite controller is presented in this paper. First, a non-smooth feedback (NSF) control technique is employed to replace the conventional PI controller in the feedback path of both the position and speed loops. Second, considering the unavoidable and unmeasured disturbances in real applications, a feedforward compensation is adopted in the speed-loop, which is based on an extended state observer (ESO) to estimate unknown disturbances. In addition, a differential feedforward control is introduced in the position-loop to attain a better tracking performance. Simulation and experimental results show that compared with the conventional feedback control, the proposed method achieves a better position response and is more robust to load disturbance.

Topic: Adaptive Control of Nonlinear Systems
Subfield: Control and Systems Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Report from the Chinese Bone Marrow Transplant Registry with special regard to autologous transplant.

Patients who attained complete remission (CR1) within 40 days after diagnosis and underwent subsequent autologous-SCT within three to six months of CR1 enjoyed a significantly increased LFS.

Topic: Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
Subfield: Hematology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Screening of bacterial isolates antagonists and suppressors of blast in rice plants

ABSTRACT Grain yields of rice (Oryza sativa) are affected globally by rice blast (Magnaporthe oryzae). The main objective of this study was to identify isolates of rhizobacterial antagonists of M. oryzae (BRM10781) and screen the most effective isolates for suppressing rice blast under greenhouse conditions. Two assays (E1 and E2) were performed with 22 treatments in a completely randomized design with three replicates. E1 investigated in vitro antagonism between 21 isolates and M. oryzae under laboratory conditions. The E2 experiments were conducted under greenhouse conditions, with rice cultivar BRS Primavera seeds in plastic trays containing 3 kg of fertilized soil. After 21 days, the rice leaves were spray-inoculated with a bacterial cell suspension (1 × 108 CFU) and M. oryzae (3 × 105 conidia.mL-1) or with water (absolute control). Seven isolates, Serratia marcescens (BRM65918, BRM65923, BRM65926, and BRM63532), Bacillus cereus (BRM65919), Stenotrophomonas nitritireducens (BRM65917), and Priestia megaterium (BRM65929), reduced radial growth of M. oryzae colonies from 80.26 to 77.33%. The best leaf blast severity reducers were Pseudomonas nitroreducens (BRM32112), B. thuringiensis (BRM65928), P. megaterium (BRM65916), S. marcescens (BRM65918), S. nematodiphila (BRM63522), and Enterobacter hormaechei (BRM65925), varying from 97 to 95% respectively. The isolate BRM65918 (S. marcescens) showed the best efficiency for both antagonism and disease suppression, indicating its potential as a bioproduct for the biocontrol of rice blast in rice plants.

Topic: Plant-Microbe Interactions and Immunity
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Ytterbium-doped InP light-emitting diode at 1.0 μm

Light-emitting pn junction diodes have been realized in ytterbium-doped InP. The p-type epitaxial layers, which contained the dopant ytterbium (Yb), were grown by liquid phase epitaxy on (100) oriented n+-type InP substrates. Ohmic contacts were alloyed, and the diodes biased in forward direction. At 77 K, emissions were observed at 1.38 eV (0.90 μm) and 1.24 eV (1.00 μm) due to near band-edge electron hole recombination and transitions between the spin-orbit levels 2F5/2→2F7/2 of Yb3+(4f13), respectively. The dependence of the electroluminescence intensity with applied voltage is presented. The external quantum efficiency was determined to be 8×10−4 at 77 K.

Topic: Semiconductor Quantum Structures and Devices
Subfield: Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Single-particle dynamics of microbunching

The mechanism of steady-state microbunching (SSMB) has been proposed [D. F. Ratner and A. W. Chao, Phys. Rev. Lett. 105, 154801 (2010)] to generate high-power coherent radiation at a high repetition rate or in continuous-wave mode using electron storage rings. In this paper, the related single-particle dynamics are theoretically and numerically studied, and important results are presented. The investigated effects are longitudinal quantum radiation excitation, nonlinear momentum compaction, and linear and nonlinear coupling of the transverse and longitudinal motion. Although this analysis is oriented toward SSMB, some of the analyzed effects are also crucial in cases such as coherent harmonic generation, bunch slicing, bunch compression, free-electron laser beam transport lines, and quasi-isochronous rings, which involve precise longitudinal phase-space manipulations.

Topic: Particle Accelerators and Free-Electron Lasers
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Rapid Prototyping Techniques for Prototyping and Research of Polymer Gear Transmissions

The article presents different fields of usage of Rapid Prototyping techniques in production and research of functional prototypes of polymer gears for electromechanical industry. Such Rapid Prototyping techniques as stereolithography and vacuum casting are used for preparing of functional prototypes of gears. The method of receiving of accurate gears made of differ plastics is shown. The gears are made by duplication of the stereolithographic model in the silicon matrices. The properties of stereolithographic resin are used in order to photo-elastic research - the determination of distribution of stresses in the gears of loaded transmission. The deformations of teeth of loaded transmission are frozen using vacuum casting. Beside the deformations, the tooth contact on the flank surfaces of teeth is obtained. The tooth contact can be also directly observed when the test gears are made of transparent plastic. The usefulness of Rapid Prototyping for production of accuracy gears and the usefulness of vacuum casting for freezing deformation and observation of tooth contact is shown in the conducted research. The presented solutions can be applied to the plastic gears. The presented possibilities of production and research of polymer gears can find a wide application in the electromechanical industry, that produced gears for drives of different types of devices, for example in the household equipments, in the motorization. The novelty is the usage of vacuum casting for freezing deformations of teeth in the static load transmission. The method allows preliminary verification of correctness of construction of gears basis of the received tooth contact - its size and location on the tooth flank.

Topic: Additive Manufacturing and 3D Printing Technologies
Subfield: Automotive Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Release of &lt;i&gt;β&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;-Microglobulin by Human Tumors Grown in Nude Mice

Human tumors implanted subcutaneously into athmic mice produced human &lt;i&gt;β&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;-microglobulin which was readily identified and quantified in mouse plasma. Implanted solid tumors of the lines Clouser, SW480, HEp-2, Capan-1, and HT-29 released amounts of &lt;i&gt;β&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;-microglobulin directly related to tumor mass. The extractable &lt;i&gt;β&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;-microglobulin per gram of tumor was constant for each cell line, but there was a 100-fold variation between the lines. In general, the plasma level of &lt;i&gt;β&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;-microglobulin correlated with the amount of free &lt;i&gt;β&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;i&gt;-&lt;/i&gt;microglobulin extracted from each tumor. From these observations it can be concluded that the variability observed in the circulating levels of &lt;i&gt;β&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;-microglobulin among cancer patients is related to the &lt;i&gt;β&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;-microglobulin content of the tumor and the total tumor mass.

Topic: Microtubule and mitosis dynamics
Subfield: Cell Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Interventions for emergency contraception

Emergency contraception (EC) is using a drug or copper intrauterine device (Cu-IUD) to prevent pregnancy shortly after unprotected intercourse. Several interventions are available for EC. Information on the comparative effectiveness, safety and convenience of these methods is crucial for reproductive healthcare providers and the women they serve. This is an update of a review previously published in 2009 and 2012.

Topic: Reproductive Health and Contraception
Subfield: Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
The Employment and Training of Young People in Rural South West England

Abstract Studies of youth employment and training have tended to emphasise the importance of regional differences between labour markets, yet to date there have been few studies of rural areas. Rural areas themselves differ considerably depending upon the nature of the local geography and economy. Thus, the South West of England represents a particular set of characteristics which affect the post‐school transitions of young people. The introduction of national youth training has had a profound impact upon the youth labour market which has been thoroughly studied in other contexts. This paper explores the impact of youth training schemes on the rural labour market and seeks to describe some aspects of the rural labour market of the South West which are distinctive for the transition from school to work. The material presented here is based upon quantitative surveys and qualitative interviews with employers, Managing Agents and school leavers in a rural labour market during the period 1988‐1990. The studies show that in a rural labour market the small scale nature of local businesses leads to youth training being absorbed into the informal recruitment and training practices of employers who were able to use it for their own purposes, to some extent undermining the more formalised attempts at universal training which national agencies at first attempted to impose. However, other factors such as access to transportation and housing affect the way in which young people shape their careers and this has implications for gender differences.

Topic: Rural development and sustainability
Subfield: General Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Diastolic Function Using 3-D Echo Reconstruction and Finite Element Analysis: Applications for Study in Animal Models and Patients

We have initiated animal experiments using three-dimensional reconstruction of echocardiographic recordings and finite element analysis to evaluate the effects of alterations in preload, afterload and contractility on diastolic function. With the use of implantable echogenic teflon beads, we are also evaluating the effects of cardiac translation and rotation on the three-dimensional reconstruction and finite element analysis model. Whilst evaluating these changes, we have collected data on eleven normal subjects and will be using three-dimensional reconstruction and finite element analysis to predict the normal range of diastolic elastic myocardial properties. With the identification of these parameters (preload, afterload, contractility, translation and rotation, and normal human elastic properties), we can proceed to evaluate alterations in passive myocardial elastic properties in patients with acute ischemia, infarction, and chronic infarction with fibrosis. The ultimate goal of these studies is to develop a clinically useful model that will allow evaluation of regional ventricular function and changes in regional ventricular function due to pathologic states.

Topic: Cardiovascular Function and Risk Factors
Subfield: Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Políticas públicas para familias indígenas en Misiones

The aim of this paper is to address public policies targeted to indigenous families in the Misiones province.\nThis intervention can be divided into three periods. The first one began in the mid 70s and was characterized by a\nvery intensive public policy in two specific areas of the province. These policies included interventions in a wide\nvariety of fields, for example education, health, housing, production, etc. The second period began around 2004,\nwhen a unique indigenous protest took place in the provincial capital demanding changes in welfare policies.\nFrom this point, a third period of policies emerged, marked by access to universal policies. We will approach this\nissue analyzing documentary sources and discourses of participants involved in the programs.

Topic: Indigenous Cultures and History
Subfield: Anthropology
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
" Major League City": Atlanta, Professional Sports, and the Making of a Sunbelt Metropolis, 1961-1976

This dissertation is a study of how the pursuit,
advent, and popular response to professional sports in Atlanta both
shaped and reflected the region’s evolving political and consumer
culture during the 1960s and 1970s. It examines the concerted
effort by municipal elites during this time period to acquire
professional sports franchises for their city and its environs.
Atlanta’s leadership succeeded at luring four major professional
sports franchises to Atlanta in a six-year period (1966-1972) by
securing significant public and private investments in two playing
facilities in the Central Business District (CBD). Scholars of the
economic history of professional sports describe the increasing
geographic mobility of the major leagues in the post-World War II
era as “franchise free agency.” Atlanta took advantage of this
expanding market by making civic investments in two playing venues
as a means of attracting franchises. This dissertation analyzes how
the emerging metropolis’ negotiation of “franchise free agency”
reshaped the culture, public policy, and urban planning of Atlanta.
It shows how Atlanta provided a model employed by future Sunbelt
cities as they pursued professional teams of their own, often
luring clubs from Rust Belt cities with similarly lucrative offers
of public support. This dissertation proceeds to analyze the
response to professional sports in Metropolitan Atlanta in the
decade after it achieved major league status. The city’s elites
assumed that residents would embrace the teams and transform their
tony playing facilities into twin focal points of leisure and
communal pride. Instead, Atlantans from all of the region’s racial,
socio-economic, and residential clusters responded apathetically to
the teams. The collective shrug with which Atlantans reacted to
their new franchises demonstrated the growing cultural divergence
which characterized life in the booming Sunbelt center over the
course of the 1960s and 1970s. In subsequent decades, civic elites
in other rapidly growing Sunbelt centers believed, like their
predecessors in Atlanta, that municipal investments in professional
sports would provide their communities with a wellspring of unity
and prestige. Residents of these metropolitan areas responded to
their new stadiums and teams in the 1980s and 1990s with an apathy
similar to that of Atlantans toward their teams during the 1960s
and 1970s.

Topic: American Sports and Literature
Subfield: History
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Genetic Characterization of Foot and Mouth Disease Virus (FMD) Serotypes in Egypt (2016-2017) and Identification of a New Lineage of Serotype O Topotype EA-3

many farmers and veterinarians complained about FMD outbreaks in various Egyptian governorates.Therefore; the present study aimed to characterize the circulating FMD viruses during this period.Clinical data and vaccination histories were collected from nine affected farms and 27 individual cases owned by small farmers in 10 Egyptian governorates.A total of 59 vesicular epithelia were gathered and tested by real-time (rt) RT-PCR to detect and quantify the virus.Furthermore, the positive samples with sufficient genomic loads were analyzed by the less sensitive conventional RT-PCR to amplify the full length of the VP1 region; amplicons were sequenced and phylogenetic trees were constructed.Of 59 samples analyzed, 49 (83.1%) were positive by rt RT-PCR, but only 22/39 produced amplicons by conventional RT-PCR.About 19 amplicons were suitable for sequencing and showed serotypes O, A, and SAT2 in 15, 1 and 3 samples, respectively.Phylogenetic analyses clustered the characterized strains in serotypes O, topotypes EA-3; serotype A, African topotype of genotype IV; and serotype SAT2, topotype VII, respectively.Interestingly, two lineages of serotype O topotype EA-3 strains were distinguished and referred to as Ism-16 and Alx-17.Ism-16 lineage clustered with the previously characterized viruses in Egypt in 2016, but the Alx-17 lineage clustered in a separate clade and is hereby reported for the first time.Further studies are required to evaluate the cross-protection between the vaccine and heterologous circulating strains in Egypt, especially for serotype O.

Topic: Animal Disease Management and Epidemiology
Subfield: Agronomy and Crop Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Lithologic and Pedogenic Influences on Porosity Distribution and Groundwater Flow in Fractured Sedimentary Saprolite: A New Application of Environmental Sedimentology

ABSTRACT Soil and fractured saprolite formed from weathered Middle Cambrian sedimentary rocks were analyzed from two shallow (< 2.5 m deep) pits located at the Oak Ridge Reservation in eastern Tennessee. The effects of both parent heterogeneity and pedogenic processes on fracture and matrix porosity were examined using thin-section petrography and geochemistry. The A and Bw horizons of the soil profiles comprise thin (20-60 cm), weakly developed, loamy inceptisols characterized by high (40-50%) matrix porosity. Subjacent saprolite with pore-occluding pedogenic clay (Crt horizon) occurs beneath a saprolite without pedogenic clay (Cr horizon) and varies lithologically depending on parent material (limestone, siltstone and shale, or sandstone). The soil and saprolite commonly contain root pores; the saprolite additionally contains bedding-parallel and bedding-perpendicular (orthogonal) fracture sets. The fractures and root holes were initially expected to control bulk or mesoscale hydraulic conductivity of the materials. This study indicates, however, that extensive pedogenic clay and Fe/Mn-oxide accumulations in the pores and fractures in the saprolite, at depths of 100-250 cm, cause porosity reduction that is so extensive it serves to create a low-hydraulic-conductivity barrier within the upper vadose zone. This barrier is known from prior work to cause formation of perched water-table conditions and rapid downslope flow during rainfall events, but this is the first study to investigate the origin of the low-conductivity barrier. Geochemical mass balance, using Ti as an immobile index, also demonstrates that three distinct weathering environments defined by element translocation patterns occur in each pit, which correspond to the soil zone (A and Bw horizons), shallow saprolite (Cr horizon), and deep saprolite (Crt horizon). The geochemical zonation is also consistent with the pedogenic and hydraulic interpretation of the system. The potential environmental significance of the zone of pore occlusion is also discussed from the perspective of runoff, recharge, and contaminant migration.

Topic: Groundwater flow and contamination studies
Subfield: Environmental Engineering
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Kalecki and the Determinants of the Profit Rate in the United States

The Weisskopfian approach has dominated empirical studies of the US rate of profit for the last thirty-five years. Forty-five years earlier, Michal Kalecki developed a different frame suitable for empirical profit rate studies, which had the potential to give different, but complementary, insight into the profit rate analysis based on the Weisskopfian approach. This paper first presents a development of the Kaleckian frame. It then applies this frame to the US economy and presents some preliminary empirical results.

Topic: Economic Theory and Policy
Subfield: General Economics, Econometrics and Finance
Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance
Domain: Social Sciences