jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Molecular Epidemiology of NDM-1-Producing Enterobacteriaceae and Acinetobacter baumannii Isolates from Pakistan

ABSTRACT The molecular epidemiology of 66 NDM-producing isolates from 2 Pakistani hospitals was investigated, with their genetic relatedness determined using repetitive sequence-based PCR (Rep-PCR). PCR-based replicon typing and screening for antibiotic resistance genes encoding carbapenemases, other β-lactamases, and 16S methylases were also performed. Rep-PCR suggested a clonal spread of Enterobacter cloacae and Escherichia coli . A number of plasmid replicon types were identified, with the incompatibility A/C group (IncA/C) being the most common (78%). 16S methylase-encoding genes were coharbored in 81% of NDM-producing Enterobacteriaceae .

Topic: Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria
Subfield: Molecular Medicine
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Nahuelpi: writings in mapuzungun, the present and memories of the Mapuche people after the awkan

La escritura en mapuzungun por parte de productores textuales mapuche ha sido considerada una excepción hasta hace pocas décadas. No obstante, la posibilidad de recuperación de archivos que se está dando en los últimos años permite matizar esta conceptualización y reponer textualizaciones producidas en la intersección de los modos escrito y oral. En este artículo se analizan desde esa perspectiva las producciones en mapuzungun de Nahuelpi, quien interactuó metódicamente en los primeros años del siglo XX con el antropólogo alemán Roberto Lehmann-Nitsche en la ciudad de La Plata, Argentina. Abordamos los eventos letrados en que se desplegó el quehacer documental y escriturario de Nahuelpi a fin de examinar los siguientes aspectos: la construcción de su rol investigativo, sus formas de participación en distintos eventos letrados, y la dimensión tecnológica de su práctica.

Topic: Cultural and Social Studies in Latin America
Subfield: Literature and Literary Theory
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
An Ecological Momentary Assessment Study of the Functions of Non-Suicidal Self-Injury in Young Adults with and without a History of Interpersonal Trauma

Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) involves acute deliberate damage to oneâ s body without suicidal intent. Considerable heterogeneity has been reported in NSSI characteristics and in the functions NSSI serves for individuals who engage in it. The present study investigated a theorized link between NSSI functions, particularly self-punishment, and interpersonal trauma history. As well, cross-sectional and experience sampling methodologies were compared. Participants were 39 community-based young adults (ages 18 to 30; 90% female) with a history of repeated NSSI and at least 2 NSSI urges in the previous 2 weeks. The sample was diverse: 44% identified non-European ethnocultural backgrounds and 46% identified nonheterosexual orientations. Electronic daily diary methodology was used. Participants tracked NSSI urges and acts for 21 days, completing measures of NSSI characteristics, urge severity, and functions. All participants completed the study (M = .49 missed days). All participants reported NSSI urges or acts (M = 5, SD = 4.21).\nNSSI characteristics related to trauma severity were number of NSSI methods, number of NSSI functions, and urge severity. NSSI functions related to trauma severity were affect regulation, interpersonal boundaries, anti-dissociation, self-care, and marking distress. In multiple regression analysis, a model including number of NSSI functions and the relevance scores for anti-dissociation and interpersonal boundaries functions predicted 34.2% of the variance in trauma severity and remained significant when controlling for the number of NSSI functions (p = .002). Although self-punishment did not correlate with trauma severity, it was endorsed by 95% of participants and for 81% of NSSI urges and acts. \nExperience sampling data reflected cross-sectional data, with significant correlations between measures of NSSI functions, urge severity, and NSSI method use. However, experience sampling contributed information about variation over time both across and within participants. Relevant to explanatory models of NSSI, some NSSI functions (e.g. anti-dissociation) exhibited more variation between participants and over time than others (e.g. affect regulation).\nFindings indicate that interpersonal trauma is important in explaining the heterogeneity of NSSI functions. Explanatory models of NSSI should account for the role of contextual factors such as trauma, and address the multiplicity of NSSI functions and the importance of self-punishment. Clinical and research implications are discussed.

Topic: Suicide and Self-Harm Studies
Subfield: Clinical Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Quality of life and nutritional status in alcohol addicts and patients with chronic liver disease.

Malnutrition is more frequent and severe in patients suffering from chronic liver disease in comparison to alcohol addicts. The health status is significantly poorer in patients suffering from alcoholic liver disease. Alcohol does not seem to play a primary role in the pathogenesis of liver disease and malnutrition.

Topic: Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment
Subfield: Epidemiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Switching a ferroelectric film by asphyxiation

Scientists have found that the spontaneous ferroelectric polarization can be fully and reversibly flipped by varying partial oxygen pressure above the surface of an epitaxially compressed film. The inward polarized state is stabilized by ordered oxygen vacancies in the topmost atomic layer.

Topic: Ferroelectric and Piezoelectric Materials
Subfield: Materials Chemistry
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Mitochondrial bioenergetics are not associated with myofibrillar protein synthesis rates

Abstract Background Mitochondria represent key organelles influencing cellular homeostasis and have been implicated in the signalling events regulating protein synthesis. Methods We examined whether mitochondrial bioenergetics (oxidative phosphorylation and reactive oxygen species (H 2 O 2 ) emission, ROS) measured in vitro in permeabilized muscle fibres represent regulatory factors for integrated daily muscle protein synthesis rates and skeletal muscle mass changes across the spectrum of physical activity, including free‐living and bed‐rest conditions: n = 19 healthy, young men (26 ± 4 years, 23.4 ± 3.3 kg/m 2 ) and following 12 weeks of resistance‐type exercise training: n = 10 healthy older men (70 ± 3 years, 25.2 ± 2.1 kg/m 2 ). Additionally, we evaluated the direct relationship between attenuated mitochondrial ROS emission and integrated daily myofibrillar and sarcoplasmic protein synthesis rates in genetically modified mice (mitochondrial‐targeted catalase, MCAT). Results Neither oxidative phosphorylation nor H 2 O 2 emission were associated with muscle protein synthesis rates in healthy young men under free‐living conditions or following 1 week of bed rest (both P &gt; 0.05). Greater increases in GSSG concentration were associated with greater skeletal muscle mass loss following bed rest ( r = −0.49, P &lt; 0.05). In older men, only submaximal mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (corrected for mitochondrial content) was positively associated with myofibrillar protein synthesis rates during exercise training ( r = 0.72, P &lt; 0.05). However, changes in oxidative phosphorylation and H 2 O 2 emission were not associated with changes in skeletal muscle mass following training (both P &gt; 0.05). Additionally, MCAT mice displayed no differences in myofibrillar (2.62 ± 0.22 vs. 2.75 ± 0.15%/day) and sarcoplasmic (3.68 ± 0.35 vs. 3.54 ± 0.35%/day) protein synthesis rates when compared with wild‐type mice (both P &gt; 0.05). Conclusions Mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation and reactive oxygen emission do not seem to represent key factors regulating muscle protein synthesis or muscle mass regulation across the spectrum of physical activity.

Topic: Muscle metabolism and nutrition
Subfield: Cell Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
COMPUTER SIMULATION OF FLOW IN CORRUGATED CHANNEL OF PLATE HEAT EXCHANGER

Statement of the problem. The heat exchange process occurring in a modified corrugated interplate channel of an intensified plate heat exchanger with an increased turbulence of the heat carrier is discussed. A computer model of the coolant movement in the speed range of 0.1--1.5 m/s is developed and the turbulence coefficient of the plate heat exchanger is determined.Results. The article presents the results of computer modeling of the coolant movement in the interplate corrugated channel of the original plate heat exchanger using the Ansys software package. The criteria of system stability are defined. 3D modeling of the channel formed by corrugated plates is performed. In the study of the process of turbulence several high-speed modes of movement of the coolant were considered. The turbulence coefficient Tu, % is determined. Conclusions. As a result of computer simulation, an increase in the heat transfer coefficient K, W/(m2 ℃) was found due to an increased turbulization of the flow, which leads to a decrease in metal consumption and a decrease in the cost of heat exchange equipment.

Topic: Engineering Technology and Methodologies
Subfield: Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Gender Terms, Social Status and Moral Character in Latin Prose - Francesca Santoro Ľhoir: The Rhetoric of Gender Terms: ‘Man’, ‘Woman’, and the Portrayal of Character in Latin Prose. (Mnemosyne Supplement 120.) Pp. x+216. Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1992. Cased, $63.

Gender Terms, Social Status and Moral Character in Latin Prose - Francesca Santoro Ľhoir: The Rhetoric of Gender Terms: ‘Man’, ‘Woman’, and the Portrayal of Character in Latin Prose. (Mnemosyne Supplement 120.) Pp. x+216. Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1992. Cased, $63. - Volume 44 Issue 1

Topic: Historical Linguistics and Language Studies
Subfield: Language and Linguistics
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
AI Fairness 360: An Extensible Toolkit for Detecting, Understanding, and\n Mitigating Unwanted Algorithmic Bias

Fairness is an increasingly important concern as machine learning models are\nused to support decision making in high-stakes applications such as mortgage\nlending, hiring, and prison sentencing. This paper introduces a new open source\nPython toolkit for algorithmic fairness, AI Fairness 360 (AIF360), released\nunder an Apache v2.0 license {https://github.com/ibm/aif360). The main\nobjectives of this toolkit are to help facilitate the transition of fairness\nresearch algorithms to use in an industrial setting and to provide a common\nframework for fairness researchers to share and evaluate algorithms.\n The package includes a comprehensive set of fairness metrics for datasets and\nmodels, explanations for these metrics, and algorithms to mitigate bias in\ndatasets and models. It also includes an interactive Web experience\n(https://aif360.mybluemix.net) that provides a gentle introduction to the\nconcepts and capabilities for line-of-business users, as well as extensive\ndocumentation, usage guidance, and industry-specific tutorials to enable data\nscientists and practitioners to incorporate the most appropriate tool for their\nproblem into their work products. The architecture of the package has been\nengineered to conform to a standard paradigm used in data science, thereby\nfurther improving usability for practitioners. Such architectural design and\nabstractions enable researchers and developers to extend the toolkit with their\nnew algorithms and improvements, and to use it for performance benchmarking. A\nbuilt-in testing infrastructure maintains code quality.\n

Topic: Ethics and Social Impacts of AI
Subfield: Safety Research
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Committee Report

“In proposing the following specific recommendations concerning the regulation of clinical laboratories, the Joint Committee of the American Medical Association, the American Chemical Society and the American Association of Pathologists and Bacteriologists wishes to emphasize the importance of encouraging and insuring the adequate education of every laboratory worker in the fundamental sciences which he applies. A clinical laboratory, as that term is used by the committee, is an institution organized for the practical application of one or more of the fundamental sciences by the use of specialized apparatus, equipment and methods for the purpose of ascertaining the presence, progress and source of disease. “It is the unanimous judgment of the committee— 1. That it should be illegal for any person not licensed by law so to do, to assume the responsibility of making the diagnosis or of deciding on the progress or source of disease on the basis of any results of a chemical, pathologic, serologic, bacteriologic, radiologic or microscopic observation or other laboratory examinations undertaken; and that where laws do not now restrict diagnosis or the clinical interpretation of laboratory examinations to licensed classes of medical practitioners, laws should be enacted to effect that end. 2. That any law providing for the licensing of professional workers in laboratories devoted to ascertaining the presence, progress or source of disease should provide for the examination of members of each profession by competent authorities belonging to the same profession. 3. That as long as an organization or individual engaged in examinations to ascertain the presence, source or progress of disease refrains from all diagnostic and prognostic interpretation of the results of such laboratory tests as provided for in Paragraph 1, any effort to force such organization or individual to place itself under the direction of a representative of any other profession is to be deprecated. 4. That the American Chemical Society, the American Medical Association, and the American Association of Pathologists and Bacteriologists should co-operate to establish the principles enumerated in the foregoing resolution whenever legislation in this field may be proposed, and that the co-operation of other national bodies should be solicited. 5. That clinical laboratories be standardized in accordance with the principles laid down in the preceding paragraphs, and legislation should be enacted to insure competent personnel and suitable equipment.” The Joint Committee of the American Medical Association is to be complimented on the above report. However, Paragraph I of this report might have been made a little more specific, as far as radiology is concerned, by making it illegal for any person, not licensed by law so to do, to assume the responsibility of attempting to interpret radiographic and radioscopic findings in terms of pathology.

Topic: Clinical Laboratory Practices and Quality Control
Subfield: Physiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Examining the Changing Role of Supervision in Doctoral Research Projects: Emerging Research and Opportunities

"This book examines interpretations of the role of the supervisor, and also the supporting committees and structures in doctoral research projects. It offers the best practices in supervision that would accommodate context dependent multiple realities in multidisciplinary research projects, capitalize on available knowledge sharing technologies, and also transcend boundaries along the research life cycle"--

Topic: Doctoral Education Challenges and Solutions
Subfield: General Health Professions
Field: Health Professions
Domain: Health Sciences
Non-Markovian decoherence theory for a double-dot charge qubit

In this paper, we develop a non-perturbation theory for describing\ndecoherence dynamics of electron charges in a double quantum dot gated by\nelectrodes. We extend the Feynman-Vernon influence functional theory to\nfermionic environments and derive an exact master equation for the reduced\ndensity matrix of electrons in the double dot for a general spectral density at\narbitrary temperature and bias. We then investigate the decoherence dynamics of\nthe double dot charge qubit with back-action of the reservoirs being fully\ntaken into account. Time-dependent fluctuations and leakage effects induced\nfrom the dot-reservoir coupling are explicitly explored. The charge qubit\ndynamics from the Markovian to non-Markovian regime is systematically studied\nunder various manipulating conditions. The decay behavior of charge qubit\ncoherence and the corresponding relaxation time $T_1$ and dephasing time $T_2$\nare analyzed in details.\n

Topic: Quantum and electron transport phenomena
Subfield: Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Occurrence Download

A dataset containing 2 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query: { "Geometry" : [ "POLYGON ((149.162269 -33.992946, 149.162269 -33.999683, 149.164515 -33.999683, 149.164515 -33.995191, 149.16676 -33.995191, 149.16676 -33.992946, 149.162269 -33.992946))" ] } The dataset includes 2 records from 1 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0059703-240626123714530/datasets/export for details. Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.

Topic: Peanut Plant Research Studies
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
The Trialogue of Abrahamic Religions: A Plea for Systematization of Values

Judaism, Christianity, and Islam are known in intellectual discussion as Abrahamic religions. There have been efforts by some scholars of theses religions to initiate and continue trialogue among them. These efforts, however genuine they might be, are not free from flaws from rational and logical angles. In order to really make trialogue rationally meaningful and intellectually valuable there must be systemization of values as the basis for the task. Moses ibn Maimon (1135-1204), Martin Luther (1483-1546) and Ismāīl Ragī al-Fārūqī (1921-1986) have been selected in this paper to identify and highlight how sincerely they made their effort to develop principles of trialogue. The paper focuses on these principles: the realm of axiology is part and parcel of the metaphysical realm; the human being is the bridge between the physical and the metaphysical realm; in Islamic ethics the absolute values represent the attributes of God; there is a difference between a value in-it-self and its actualization in the material world; and monotheism is the only principle from which universality of ethics can be derived.

Topic: Medieval and Classical Philosophy
Subfield: Philosophy
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
3.2.3 Soil Moisture Deficits Under Bamboo Forest, Pine Plantations and Grass

(1979). 3.2.3 Soil Moisture Deficits Under Bamboo Forest, Pine Plantations and Grass. East African Agricultural and Forestry Journal: Vol. 43, Hydrological Research in East Africa, pp. 179-187.

Topic: Soil erosion and sediment transport
Subfield: Soil Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Implementation of a real-time portable automatic seismological station

The paper describes the structure and organization of operation of a portable telemetric seismological station, as well as its use for both terrestrial and marine observations. The main attention is paid to the implementation of the scheme of data transmission by a real-time protocol, as well as to the feature of operation by this protocol while using a cellular communication channel. Using a standard protocol and a cellular network, in conjunction with low power consumption, relatively small cost of equipment, and ease of installation and maintenance make our solution attractive for the rapid deployment of a network of such stations. This is topical for regular monitoring of an object (or a region) to assess seismic hazards, tsunami warning, as well as in areas of aftershock activity following large earthquakes. Through the use of standard real-time protocols, data is transmitted to data processing centers and do not require additional configuration of mathematical support and an expensive procedure to organize processing of new data streams.

Topic: Advanced Data Processing Techniques
Subfield: Control and Systems Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
EXTRUDER SCREW FUNCTIONAL CHARACTERISTIC CHANGING IN POLYMERIC MATERIALS REPROCESSING

&lt;p&gt;Polymeric materials reprocessing leads to modification of polymeric materials flow properties. In this paper there are summarized the correlations (obtained from previous experimental research), for several types of virgin and reprocessed polymeric materials, comparatively presented. Models and simulations were performed for the extruding polymeric materials reprocessing, the screw functional feature – with and without considering the leaks over the screw helix flight tip – to assess changes in the performances.&lt;/p&gt;

Topic: Polymer crystallization and properties
Subfield: Polymers and Plastics
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Voices in Psychosis

Abstract Reading the transcripts of phenomenological interviews with voice-hearers, one is left with a composite image of dark, silhouetted ‘voices’, ‘mooching’ in doorways with holes for faces. They whisper, scold, and insult the voice-hearer, eroding their trust in themselves and their self-worth and, in several cases, persuading the voice-hearer to self-harm. These shadowy and dangerous figures are evocative of the demonic forms found in medieval saints’ lives and accounts of mystical experiences. But how can we ensure that the conversation between past and present moves beyond the small talk of similarities and differences towards a weightier, more mutually enhancing, even transformative conversation?

Topic: Reformation and Early Modern Christianity
Subfield: History
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences