jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Industry 4.0 Technology-based Diagnosis for COVID-19

The surveillance of the 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is enormous on the world's list of concerns associated with the rapid expansion of the virus. Global results indicate that, among more than 1.6 million confirmed cases, the percentage of people infected with COVID-19 is dramatically increasing; the disease has significantly overwhelmed and limited the performance of health systems in the world. Both individuals and organizations have faced unprecedented resource depletion in such things as personal protective equipment (PPE) and other manufactured devices, such as gloves, face masks, sunglasses and guards, and oxygen nozzles for cardiovascular machinery. Industry 4.0, the Internet of Things (IoT), cyber-physical systems (CPS), information and communication technology (ICT), enterprise architecture (EA), and enterprise integration (EI), artificial intelligence (AI), and biosensors have attracted a lot of attention and are closely linked. The goal of Industry 4.0 is to develop a new generation of effectiveness and profitability of operations and, perhaps, a higher degree of automation. Digitalization, standardization, and customizability of the production process are among the significant features of Industry 4.0, along with integration and mitigation, human machine interaction (HMI), valuation services and companies, and highly autonomous synchronization. Oftentimes, these attributes are positively linked to internet systems and innovative algorithms, but they also signify that Industry 4.0 is a process of knowledge management. Vigorous community widening of the radically new human coronavirus 2019 (nCOVID-19 or SARS-Cov-2) and mortality statistics have given rise to an incomparable urge for definitive evaluation of specific and precise detection followed by contact tracing and containment strategies, especially when no vaccine or pharmacogenomics are widely acknowledged. To address this entirely new multinational outbreak of disease, the World Health Organization (WHO), research doctors, and healthcare professionals are seeking innovations to evaluate infected individuals at various stages, to select the ideal medical test, to combat the effects of this virus, to develop immunization for the treatment of infected individuals, and to monitor reinfected patients. Recent studies have shown that technology based on Industry 4.0 is a versatile platform used in medical health tasks by various healthcare providers as it results in improvements in scale-up, speeded-up power consumption, consistency, and even human performance. Therefore, a range of fourth industrial techniques have been described by healthcare systems and offshore specialists to exploit the resources to address the COVID-19 outbreak. This study sets out to evaluate the impact of the practices described on the management of COVID-19.

Topic: COVID-19 diagnosis using AI
Subfield: Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Novel Schiff base’s complex as a green catalyst for the synthesis of diindolylmethanes under ultrasonics irradiation

A facile and convenient protocol was developed for the synthesis of diindolylmethanes in short reaction time and high yields using newly synthesized complex as an efficient recyclable heterogeneous catalyst. All synthesized compounds were characterized by IR, NMR spectra and elemental analysis.

Topic: Synthesis of Indole Derivatives
Subfield: Organic Chemistry
Field: Chemistry
Domain: Physical Sciences
Transient expression of a plasmid gene, a tool to study DNA repair in human cells: defect of DNA repair in Cockayne syndrome; one thymine cyclobutane dimer is sufficient to block transcription.

Transfected recombinant DNA with regulatory elements such as eukaryotic promoter and termination sites is transiently expressed in human fibroblast cells. Utilizing an expression vector containing the simian virus 40 (SV 40) early control region followed by the E. coli chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) gene, we investigated the ability of normal, Xeroderma pigmentosum and Cockayne Syndrome cells to repair UV lesions in transfected DNA. Fibroblasts from Xeroderma pigmentosum patients which cannot excise pyrimidine cyclobutane dimers were unable to restore expression of UV irradiated CAT gene. An UV dose inducing one thymine cyclobutane dimer in the transcribed strand of the CAT gene blocked its transcription in these repair deficient cells. Normal cell were able to repair the lesions in transfected DNA during an incubation period of about 40 h and in this way could overcome the UV block. In several fibroblast cell lines from patients suffering from Cockayne Syndrome expression of UV damaged CAT gene was restored significantly less than in normal fibroblasts, indicating that Cockayne Syndrome is associated with a UV repair defect.

Topic: DNA Repair Mechanisms
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
The CT emphysema index is a predictor for exertional desaturation in COPD patients without resting hypoxemia

Background : Although numerous studies have attempted to correlate various clinical tests with exertional desaturation in patients with COPD, no test has shown significant positive predictive value. The aim of this study was to identify clinical predictors of exertional desaturation focusing on the CT indices, and to determine whether an association exists between exertional desaturation and a particular COPD phenotype.

Methods : A total of 224 subjects were selected from the Korean Obstructive Lung Disease cohort. Exertional desaturation was defined as a post-exercise oxygen saturation (SpO2) of <90% or a ≥4% decrease. The cohort was divided into desaturator (n=47) and non-desaturator (n=177) groups

Results : Significant differences were observed between the groups in terms of age, BODE index, forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1), diffusing capacity, and resting SpO2. The CT emphysema index was significantly higher in the desaturator group. Multivariate analysis showed that the CT emphysema index (RR, 1.028; 95% CI, 1.001 to 1.056; p =0.046) and resting SpO2 (RR, 0.790; 95% CI, 0.648 to 0.965; p =0.021) were significant independent predictors. In the desaturator group, the rate of decline in FEV1 was more rapid and health-related quality of life worsened faster than in the non-desaturator group over a 3-year period of follow-up. Conclusions : In patients with COPD, exertional desaturation possibly occurs in parallel with an increase in the CT emphysema index. Exertional desaturation may be a manifestation of emphysema phenotype, and COPD patients with exertional desaturation are associated with a more rapid decline in lung function and poorer health-related quality of life.

Topic: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Research
Subfield: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Additional file 9 of A gene deriving from the ancestral sex chromosomes was lost from the X and retained on the Y chromosome in eutherian mammals

Additional file 9. Sequences and GenBank accession numbers for PRSSLY sequences.

Topic: Genetic and Clinical Aspects of Sex Determination and Chromosomal Abnormalities
Subfield: Genetics
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Preparation of thin films for solar energy utilization

Thin film deposition techniques have made and are making a significant contribution to solar energy utilization. Commercial applications of thin films include photothermal selective absorbers formed by electroplating, chemical conversion, and vacuum processing; solar reflectors formed by vacuum processes; heat reflectors formed by vacuum processes and spray pyrolysis; and antireflection coating formed by vacuum processes and chemical leaching and the metallization of photovoltaic cells. CdS/Cu2S photovoltaics formed by vacuum processes and spray pyrolysis are also close to commercial utilization. Principal concerns in thin films applications include economics of fabrication and environmental stability of the thin film materials. At the present time, for many applications the best and most economical film deposition technology is not yet defined. One of the major problems with thin film evaluation is the lack of acceptable testing procedures particularly as related to lifetime. Research and development is continuing in the application of sophisticated thin films to photovoltaic conversion and other applications. This paper reviews the status of thin film in solar energy utilization.

Topic: Solar Thermal and Photovoltaic Systems
Subfield: Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment
Field: Energy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Analysis of the surface heat balance over the world ocean

It is possible to estimate long term monthly mean latent and sensible heat fluxes over the ocean to within or approximately 20% relative accuracy of the bulk aerodynamic formulas, by using observations of the monthly mean surface wind speed and the monthly mean sea air temperature and humidity differences. It is possible to make an estimate of the fluxes on a month to month basis from monthly averaged surface data.

Topic: Geophysics and Gravity Measurements
Subfield: Oceanography
Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences
Domain: Physical Sciences
On the role of small peptides in the regulation of rna synthesis in <i>Tetrahymena pyriformis</i>

ABSTRACT Tetrahymena cells secrete a factor which inhibits RNA synthesis in vivo and in vitro. The factor is a relatively small peptide with a molecular weight between 300 and 1500 Daltons. Other, non-specific peptides in the broth medium or added to a chemically defined medium have a stimulatory effect on RNA synthesis in vivo and such peptides also stimulate the in vitro synthesis of RNA in an r-chromatin preparation. On the basis of these results we conclude that such extracellular small peptides compete with a specific factor which is part of the intracellular regulatory mechanism controlling the rate of RNA synthesis. The consequence of such competition is a high overproduction of ribosomal RNA in cells inoculated on peptide-rich broth media.

Topic: RNA modifications and cancer
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Anaesthetic Management of a Case of Pheochromocytoma

Pheochromocytoma is rare, accounting for less than 0.1 % of hypertensive population. In this report, wedescribe a 40-year-old male a diagnosed case of pheochromocytoma who underwent adrenalectomyunder general anaesthesia with epidural analgesia. The patient was adequately prepared with alphaadrenergic blockers. Intraoperative course was stormy but was managed with antihypertensives,inotropes and intravenous fluid. The patient was electively ventilated overnight and had an uncomplicatedrecovery.Pheochromocytoma is a rare medical condition and an anaesthesiologist comes across it only a few timesin his or her practice. Therefore there is a limited exposure in management. Furthermore hemodynamicinstability encountered intra and postoperatively itself is a challenge. Hence management of a case ofpheochromocytoma demands a meticulous preoperative preparation, advanced monitoring devices andgood interdepartment coordination preferably in a tertiary medical center for a favourable outcome.Key words: Haemodynamic instability; inotropes; pheochromocytoma; Sodium Nitroprusside.DOI: 10.3126/mjsbh.v9i1.3486Medical Journal of Shree Birendra Hospital Vol.9(1) 2010 19-23

Topic: Pituitary Gland Disorders and Treatments
Subfield: Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Using the Neandertal and Denisova Genetic Data to Understand the Common MAPT 17q21 Inversion in Modern Humans

The polymorphic inversion on 17q21, that includes the MAPT gene, represents a unique locus in the human genome characterized by a large region with strong linkage disequilibrium. Two distinct haplotypes, H1 and H2, exist in modern humans, and H1 has been unequivocally related to several neurodegenerative disorders. Recent data indicate that recurrent inversions of this genomic region have occurred through primate evolution, with the H2 haplotype being the ancestral state. Neandertals harbored the H1 haplotype; however, until now, no data were available for the Denisova hominin. Neandertals and Denisovans are sister groups that share a common ancestor with modern humans. We analyzed the MAPT sequence and assessed the differences between modern humans, Neandertals, Denisovans, and great apes. Our analysis indicated that the Denisova hominin carried the H1 haplotype, and the Neandertal and Denisova common ancestor probably shared the same subhaplotype (H1j). We also found 68 intronic variants within the MAPT gene, 23 exclusive to Denisova hominin, 6 limited to Neandertals, and 24 exclusive to present-day humans. Our results reinforce previous data; this suggests that the 17q21 inversion arose within the modern human lineage. The data also indicate that archaic hominins that coexisted in Eurasia probably shared the same MAPT subhaplotype, and this can be found in almost 2% of chromosomes from European ancestry.

Topic: Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Relative caregivers attaining legal permanency

This Capstone Project addresses the relative caregiver population of Kinship Center's Family Ties Program and their plight to attain legal permanency with kin nor near kin. The Capstone Project was to create a pamphlet with information which will, hopefully, increase the number of caregivers knowledgeable enough about the legal permanency process that they are and able to complete the work required to have "parental rights" of the child(ren) for whom they are caring.

Topic: Intergenerational Family Dynamics and Caregiving
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Comparative effect of ammonium and sodium salts on growth of<i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>and on protease (elastase) production

Il est montre que l'ammonium et les sels de sodium inhibent la production de proteases ainsi que la formation des autres-produits extracellulaires. L'effet serait lie a la force ionique du milieu

Topic: Enzyme Production and Characterization
Subfield: Biotechnology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
LHD PHARD #30887.1

Radial profiles of X-ray spectrum are obtained using an assembly of X-ray pulse height analyzer in LHD. Si(Li) semiconductor detectors are used with a histogramming memory and analog-to-digital converter (ADC) basically working at high counting rate up to 500 kcps.

Topic: Mental Health Research Topics
Subfield: Experimental and Cognitive Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
The incidence, risk factors, and outcome of transfusion-related acute lung injury in a cohort of cardiac surgery patients: a prospective nested case-control study

Abstract Transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI) is the leading cause of transfusion-related morbidity and mortality. Both antibodies and bioactive lipids that have accumulated during storage of blood have been implicated in TRALI pathogenesis. In a single-center, nested, case-control study, patients were prospectively observed for onset of TRALI according to the consensus definition. Of 668 patients, 16 patients (2.4%) developed TRALI. Patient-related risk factors for onset of TRALI were age and time on the cardiopulmonary bypass. Transfusion-related risk factors were total amount of blood products (odds ratio [OR] = 1.2; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.03-1.44), number of red blood cells stored more than 14 days (OR = 1.6; 95% CI, 1.04-2.37), total amount of plasma (OR = 1.2; 95% CI, 1.03-1.44), presence of antibodies in donor plasma (OR = 8.8; 95% CI, 1.8-44), and total amount of transfused bioactive lipids (OR = 1.0; 95% CI, 1.00-1.07). When adjusted for patient risk factors, only the presence of antibodies in the associated blood products remained a risk factor for TRALI (OR = 14.2; 95% CI, 1.5-132). In-hospital mortality of TRALI was 13% compared with 0% and 3% in transfused and nontransfused patients, respectively (P &lt; .05). In conclusion, the incidence of TRALI is high in cardiac surgery patients and associated with adverse outcome. Our results suggest that cardiac surgery patients may benefit from exclusion of blood products containing HLA/HNA antibodies.

Topic: Blood transfusion and management
Subfield: Biochemistry
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
The effect of oxygen on ball milling of a near-equiatomic FeV sigma phase

A coarse-grained near-equiatomic tetragonal sigma phase Fe48V52 is milled in argon in a vibratory mill with a small steady air supply. The oxygen content increases regularly at a rate of about 0.25at.%∕h. Besides a classical short step, during which the sigma phase transforms into an alpha phase, two main steps occur. During the first step, from ∼40to∼140h of milling, the bcc alpha phase is enriched in iron and heterogeneous because of a preferential oxidation of vanadium atoms. The bcc phase is partially amorphized as it is when milling in the absence of oxygen and nanocrystalline vanadium oxides do form. The second step is characterized by the coarsening of vanadium oxide particles and by the formation of ternary ferrous oxides. The results are discussed in the light of a vacancy mechanism proposed recently to account for the high stability of oxide nanoclusters in oxide dispersion strengthened Fe-based alloys processed by ball milling.

Topic: Advanced materials and composites
Subfield: Mechanical Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Invasive and conservative treatment of spontaneous coronary artery dissection: a meta-analysis

Background . This study aims to compare clinical outcomes of SCAD patients initially managed with medical therapy (conservative approach) versus intervention strategy. Materials and methods . We identified relevant studies by performing a systematic search in the PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science databases available from 1994 until 2021. The search was conducted using PICO tool (Patient, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome). Results and Discussion . 25 studies involving 2577 patients with SCAD were included. Mean age of patients was 49,2 years, 1985 (77,0 %) were female. The primary conservative strategy performed in 1593 (61,8 %) cases. Mean follow-up duration was 28,5 months. The conservative therapy showed benefit when assessing the overall mortality (OR 0,48; CI 0,27–0,86, p = 0,01) and revascularization frequency (OR 0,43; 95 % CI 0,22–0,81, p = 0.01). Statistically significant differences in myocardial infarction (OR 1,05; 95 % CI 0,66–1,66, p = 0,85) or recurrent SCAD (OR 1,1; 95 % CI 0,7–1,72, p = 0,69) were not revealed. Conclusion . The primary conservative strategy of SCAD therapy is associated with lower overall mortality and further revascularization, but not MI and recurrent SCAD. Further research is needed to clarify the best therapeutic approach in patients with SCAD.

Topic: Cardiovascular Issues in Pregnancy
Subfield: Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
The Italian Competition Authority opens investigation against pharmaceutical companies over suspected cartel in ophthalmologic medicines market (Novartis and Roche)

On 14 February 2013, the Italian Competition Authority (the “Authority”) announced that it had opened an investigation against Genentech Inc., Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Novartis AG, Novartis Farma…

Topic: Pharmaceutical Economics and Policy
Subfield: Economics and Econometrics
Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance
Domain: Social Sciences
Stock‐market forecasts by Singapore newspapers before and after the 1997 Asian financial crisis

This study sought to gauge the accuracy and usefulness of financial reporting in Singapore in the run‐up to, and the aftermath of, the 1997 Asian Financial Crisis. It examined stock‐market predictions in the weekly commentaries of three Singapore newspapers over a three‐year timeframe. The study found that the print media failed to predict the crisis. Whilst the predictions tended to be unreliable in general, downward predictions were found to be more reliable then upwards ones. For trend predictions, most of the sources quoted in the newspapers were generally inaccurate. Long‐term predictions had a low accuracy rate, whilst specific predictions came out as more reliable. Between the individual papers, differences between accuracy of predictions was mostly insignificant.

Topic: Financial Markets and Investment Strategies
Subfield: Finance
Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance
Domain: Social Sciences
INGeo: Accelerating Instant Neural Scene Reconstruction with Noisy Geometry Priors

We present a method that accelerates reconstruction of 3D scenes and objects, aiming to enable instant reconstruction on edge devices such as mobile phones and AR/VR headsets. While recent works have accelerated scene reconstruction training to minute/second-level on high-end GPUs, there is still a large gap to the goal of instant training on edge devices which is yet highly desired in many emerging applications such as immersive AR/VR. To this end, this work aims to further accelerate training by leveraging geometry priors of the target scene. Our method proposes strategies to alleviate the noise of the imperfect geometry priors to accelerate the training speed on top of the highly optimized Instant-NGP. On the NeRF Synthetic dataset, our work uses half of the training iterations to reach an average test PSNR of &gt;30.

Topic: Advanced Neural Network Applications
Subfield: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences