jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
The Case of Muhammad

OF MUHAMMAD'S childhood and adolescence nothing is known that would in any way explain the peculiarities of behavior which developed when he was about forty years old. To be sure there are reports which have been taken to indicate epilepsy on two occasions in childhood; but these have been rejected by most competent recent scholarship.' At about twenty-four or twenty-five 2 Muhammad married Khadija, a woman fifteen years his senior. In spite of the disparity of age he lived happily with her until her death, about twenty-five or twenty-six years later. During her lifetime he made no attempt to take another wife; and she appears to have occupied a unique place in his affections even long after her death and after many matrimonial experiences. She bore him at least six, and perhaps as many as seven or eight3 children, although she had come to him when forty years old and already the mother of two children by two previous marriages. For the bearing of Muhammad's children quite obviously we cannot allow less than six years; on the other hand, even assuming that there were eight children, we cannot well allow more than ten years, for at the end of that time Khadija would have been fifty years old, and probably would have been incapable of further childbearing. During these six to ten years, then, Muhammad lived the life of an obscure and contented husband and parent. At the end of that time, however, Khadija probably became senescent; while Muhammad, being in the early thirties, or at most thirty-five, was scarcely middle-aged. The physical stress of this situation is evident. The natural disparity between the sexes in their resistance to old age is nowhere plainer than in the East; and here the disparity was aggravated by an unheard-of seniority in the woman. The strain was heightened by Muhammad's unusual austerity and loyalty. To make

Topic: Education and Islamic Studies
Subfield: Education
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Phaseolus vulgaris 19077

Plant Genetic Resource.<br>Taxonomy: Phaseolus vulgaris<br>Common name(s): Common Beans<br>Conserved by: SADC Plant Genetic Resources Centre (SRGB), Zambia<br>Local sample unique identifier: 19077<br>Method of creation: Acquisition<br>Date: 2018-08-28<br>Other identifiers: n/a,SGB191200360<br>Historical: No<br>Biological status: Traditional cultivar/landrace

Topic: Microencapsulation and Drying Processes
Subfield: Food Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Early Detection of Diabetic Retinopathy Using Machine Intelligence Through Deep Transfer and Representational Learning

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a retinal disease that causes irreversible blindness. DR occurs due to the high blood sugar level of the patient, and it is clumsy to be detected at an early stage as no early symptoms appear at t... | Find, read and cite all the research you need on Tech Science Press

Topic: Retinal Imaging and Analysis
Subfield: Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
143. The properties of freshly formed surfaces. Part I. The application of the vibrating-jet technique to surface-tension measurements on mobile liquids

C. C. Addison, J. Chem. Soc., 1943, 535 DOI: 10.1039/JR9430000535

Topic: Surface Modification and Superhydrophobicity
Subfield: Surfaces, Coatings and Films
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
A Multistage Process for Computing Virtual Dipolar Sources of EEG Discharges from Surface Information

A mathematical model consisting of a homogeneous spherical conductive medium was used to simulate the human head. A current dipole situated in the interior of the sphere produces, on the surface, a theoretical distribution of potential similar to certain EEG activities recorded on the human scalp. We propose a multi-stage method for computing the six parameters of a such virtual dipolar source by using only measurements on the surface of the scalp. Epileptic discharges observed on a young patient were thus analyzed. The computed dipole depends on the placement of pairs of electrodes used for the record. We compare the results of four ``assemblies'' using different pairings of electrodes. The center of the dipole varies within a volume of 2 cm <R xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</R> but its direction is stable. We discuss the importance and the influence of the approximations introduced by the model and the method. Although these approximations cannot be neglected, they do not change the signification of our results. The question is now raised: Has the virtual source a physical interpretation? Only intracerebral investigations can bring about a clear answer. However, whatever the answer may be, it appears that the method presented here can be helpful in the analysis of EEG surface situations.

Topic: EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces
Subfield: Cognitive Neuroscience
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences
Examining the Role of Teachers' Professionalism in Mitigating Aggressive Behavior among University-Level Resilient Students

The study focused on investigating the role of teachers' professionalism in mitigating aggressive behavior among university-level resilient students. The quantitative survey design was followed to conduct this study. The study sample consisted of 237 students with MPhil and PhD degrees (Edu). Three tools (The Brief Resilience Scale, the Aggression Questionnaire, and the Teachers Professionalism Scale) were used in this quantitative study to collect data. Tools were converted to Google Forms and disseminated for data collection. Data were analyzed by utilizing descriptive (percentage, mean, standard deviation) and inferential statistics (Pearson correlation, and Hays Process macro mediation analysis model-4). Results revealed that university students were normally resilient and, there was a significant moderating role of the resilience of students on the relationship between teachers' professionalism and the aggressive behavior of students. The study indicates that university teachers necessitate more interventions to enhance the resilience of graduate students and decrease the level of aggression.

Topic: Resilience and Mental Health
Subfield: Clinical Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Treatment of Cronkhite-Canada syndrome monitored by gastrointestinal endoscopy

A man in his sixties presented at our hospital with a chief complaint of diarrhea accompanied by nail deformation, skin pigmentation, dysgeusia, anorexia, weight loss and edema of the lower leg. Laboratory data showed malnutrition, and Technetium-99m-labeled human serum albumin scan showed positive accumulation in the intestine. On endoscopy, many more polypoid lesions were found in the stomach and colon than in the esophagus, duodenum, and terminal ileum. Background mucosa between polypoid lesions was reddish and edematous. This case was diagnosed as Cronkhite-Canada syndrome, and treatment initiated with intravenous hyperalimentation, prednisolone, sulfasalazopyridine and tranexamic acid. Gastrointestinal endoscopy performed after three months of treatment showed a decrease in the number of polypoid lesions and reduction in mucosal redness and edema. Gastrointestinal endoscopy after nine months’ treatment showed a disappearance of almost all the polypoid lesions.

Topic: Genetic factors in colorectal cancer
Subfield: Pathology and Forensic Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
The effect of local heat therapy on fatigue among patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A randomized controlled clinical trial

Background &amp; Aim: Fatigue is one of the most prevalent symptoms among people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Heat therapy is considered as one of the proposed methods to relieve the symptoms in these patients. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the effect of local heat therapy on fatigue among patients with COPD. Methods &amp; Materials: This randomized controlled clinical trial study was conducted on 46 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease referred to Allameh Bohlool Hospital in Gonabad, Iran in 2019. The participants were selected according to the inclusion criteria and were then randomly assigned to the two groups of intervention and placebo. Local packs were placed on the anterior of the chest twice a day for 23 minutes and for five days among the participants of both groups. The hot pack was 50ºC for the patients in the intervention group, but it was equal to body temperature in the placebo group. The severity of fatigue was once measured before the intervention and then one day after the final intervention in both groups. The demographic information form and Krupp fatigue severity scale were used to collect the data. Descriptive statistics and chi-square, MannWhitney, and Wilcoxon tests were used to analyze the data. Besides, the level of significance was considered at least 0.05. Results: The results indicated that the two groups were homogenous in terms of demographic information and the type of disease (P&gt;0.05). There was no statistically significant difference between the mean score of fatigue before the intervention in the experimental and placebo groups (P=0.9). However, the mean score of fatigue decreased significantly among the intervention group patients compared to those in the placebo group (P&lt;0.001) after the intervention. There was also a significant difference between the two groups in the mean score of fatigue before and after the intervention (P&lt;0.01). Conclusion: According to the results, topical heat therapy is effective in reducing fatigue among patients with COPD, but it is recommended to conduct further studies before the implementation of this approach.

Topic: Infrared Thermography in Medicine
Subfield: Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Sectoral public investment on economic growth

The purpose of this study was to find out the impact of sectoral public investment on economic growth in Kenya. This paper uses a Vector Autoregressive (VAR) Model to analyze the impact of sectoral public expenditure on economic growth. Time series data from the Kenya Bureau of Statistics and the World Bank Development Indicators for the period 1964-2014 was used. The study finds a long run relationship between aggregate government expenditure and economic growth. The sectoral analysis indicates a positive impact on public expenditure in infrastructure on economic growth whereas a periodic negative and positive impact on economic growth as a result of public expenditure in public administration and defense and education.

Topic: Fiscal Policy and Economic Growth
Subfield: Economics and Econometrics
Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance
Domain: Social Sciences
Beneficial Effects of Camellia Oil (&lt;i&gt;Camellia oleifera&lt;/i&gt; Abel.) on Hepatoprotective and Gastroprotective Activities

Epidemiological studies have shown that increased dietary intake of natural antioxidants is beneficial for health because of their bioactivities, including antioxidant and anti-inflammation actions. Camellia oil made from tea seed (Camellia oleifera Abel.) is commonly used as an edible oil and a traditional medicine in Taiwan and China. Until now, the camellia oil has been widely considered as a dietary oil for heath. In this review, we summarize the protective effects of camellia oil with antioxidant activity against oxidative stress leading to hepatic damage and gastrointestinal ulcers. The information in this review leads to the conclusion that camellia oil is not only an edible oil but also a vegetable oil with a potential function for human health.

Topic: Ginger and Zingiberaceae research
Subfield: Pharmacology
Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics
Domain: Life Sciences
Demokrati som transgression

The same kind of inclusive understanding is developed in the article Demokrati som transgression by Martin Bak Jørgensen &amp; Óscar García Agustín who argue from Jacques Ranciere's position that democracy is only achievable when those who are usually excluded are included. Focussing specifically on Denmark's immigration policies and how these are challenged by transgressive groups which attempt to resist neo-liberal discursive closure of the public sphere.

Topic: Hermeneutics and Narrative Identity
Subfield: Philosophy
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
SH3610957.08FU

UNITE provides a unified way for delimiting, identifying, communicating, and working with DNA-based Species Hypotheses (SH). All fungal ITS sequences in the international nucleotide sequence databases are clustered to approximately the species level by applying a set of dynamic distance values (<0.5 - 3.0%). All species hypotheses are given a unique, stable name in the form of a DOI, and their taxonomic and ecological annotations are verified through distributed, web-based third-party annotation efforts. SHs are connected to a taxon name and its classification as far as possible (phylum, class, order, etc.) by taking into account identifications for all sequences in the SH. An automatically or manually designated sequence is chosen to represent each such SH. These sequences are released (https://unite.ut.ee/repository.php) for use by the scientific community in, for example, local sequence similarity searches and next-generation sequencing analysis pipelines. The system and the data are updated automatically as the number of public fungal ITS sequences grows.

Topic: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Subfield: Psychiatry and Mental health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
ChemInform Abstract: A Simple Preparation of a Functionalized Diimine Ligand: 2‐(2‐Pyridyl)‐ 4‐carboxyquinoline (III).

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.

Topic: Metal complexes synthesis and properties
Subfield: Oncology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Many-body quantum dynamics slows down at low density

We study quantum many-body systems with a global U(1) conservation law, focusing on a theory of N interacting fermions with charge conservation, or N interacting spins with one conserved component of total spin. We define an effective operator size at finite chemical potential through suitably regularized out-of-time-ordered correlation functions. The growth rate of this density-dependent operator size vanishes algebraically with charge density; hence we obtain new bounds on Lyapunov exponents and butterfly velocities in charged systems at a given density, which are parametrically stronger than any Lieb-Robinson bound. We argue that the density dependence of our bound on the Lyapunov exponent is saturated in the charged Sachdev-Ye-Kitaev model. We also study random automaton quantum circuits and Brownian Sachdev-Ye-Kitaev models, each of which exhibit a different density dependence for the Lyapunov exponent, and explain the discrepancy. We propose that our results are a cartoon for understanding Planckian-limited energy-conserving dynamics at finite temperature.

Topic: Quantum many-body systems
Subfield: Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
The Influence of Hypnotizability and Dissociation on Ganzfeld Experiences and Mind-Wandering

Many studies have shown that people report unusual experiences when their senses are exposed to unstructured, monotonous stimuli. However, individual differences in responsiveness are poorly understood. The present study used a sensory homogenization procedure (i.e., ganzfeld) to address this issue. High (n = 15) and low hypnotizable individuals (n = 14), also measured on dissociation, completed a mind-wandering task during ganzfeld stimulation and a control condition (in total; 8 males and 21 females, Mage = 22.55, SDage = 4.22). They also retrospectively reported their experiences in reference to each condition. Condition, hypnotizability, and dissociation were expected to interact in terms of mind-wandering and alterations in experiences. Significant interactions were found for the behavioral mind-wandering task, but not for the subjective reports. High hypnotizables engaged more in mind-wandering during ganzfeld stimulation relative to control, whereas lows showed the reverse pattern. These two populations are argued to be a valuable source for the study of different types of mind-wandering.

Topic: Mind wandering and attention
Subfield: Cognitive Neuroscience
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences
BLENDED LEARNING ENVIRONMENT: PROMOTING LEARNERS' SELF-EFFICACY

In recent years, blended learning has been utilizing in a variety of contexts. It emerges as one of the most popular pedagogical approaches which integrate face-to-face classes with the virtual learning environment. It offers learners considerable resources and materials. Many researchers have reported on it since it thrived. It offers learners flexibility. It also gives the learners choices about when and where they learn and participate in online learning. Therefore, it is used for teaching and training worldwide since many researchers found it an effective way to be used in the teaching-learning process. It is believed to enhance learners' understanding of learning a foreign language. Some researchers also found that blended learning affects learners' self-efficacy stronger than the other instructional modes. This study employed qualitative research. It was used to determine how blended learning was applied in a class to boost learners' self-efficacy. In conclusion, the developments of technology recently encourage educators to apply a blended learning environment in the classroom. One of the important things is how it should be implemented to help the learners develop their self-efficacy and achieve their academic goals.

Topic: Online and Blended Learning
Subfield: Education
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Practices of Art

Starting out from the ontology of human work set out by Marx in Das Kapital, the paper seeks to analyse the relations between the artist and his actions and aims, the work of art he produces, and the audience for this work. The paper concludes with a discussion of the problem of creativity in the arts, drawing on ideas of Roman Ingarden and other phenomenologists.

Topic: Quantum Chromodynamics and Particle Interactions
Subfield: Nuclear and High Energy Physics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
EFFECT OF FIRM ATTRIBUTES ON EARNINGS MANAGEMENT OF LISTED INSURANCE COMPANIES IN NIGERIA

This study examines the impact of firm attributes on earnings management among listed insurance companies in Nigeria. Specifically, it investigates the effects of firm growth, liquidity, profitability, and ownership concentration on earnings management practices. A longitudinal research design was employed, utilizing secondary data from the annual reports of 22 listed insurance firms over a ten-year period (2014–2023). Panel regression analysis was used to assess the relationships between these variables. The results indicate that firm growth and ownership concentration positively and significantly influence earnings management, while profitability has a negative and significant effect. However, liquidity does not show a significant impact. Based on these findings, the study recommends strengthening corporate governance to curb the influence of dominant shareholders on financial reporting. Additionally, the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) and Financial Reporting Council of Nigeria (FRCN) should enhance oversight of high-growth firms to prevent earnings manipulation.

Topic: Insurance and Financial Risk Management
Subfield: Economics and Econometrics
Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance
Domain: Social Sciences
Forced Online and Distance Learning (ODL) During COVID-19 Pandemic: Revealing Students’ Perceptions and Experiences

: The emergence of COVID-19 pandemic has forced educational institutions to change and adapt to ODL. This is to avoid disruption to students' education and study plans. However, the forced actions resulted in mixed reactions from students and educators. Both parties were not ready and anticipated difficulties in executing forced ODL. Problems faced include internet connectivity, inadequate learning devices and lack of skills during the implementation of full ODL. This study was conducted to assess perceptions and experiences (i.e. challenges, advantages and disadvantages) of ODL among Diploma in Pharmacy students. Data were obtained through a cross-sectional survey through online questionnaires. Questionnaires which consisted of demographic, perspectives and experiences towards ODL were distributed using WhatsApp and email. A total of 262 respondents (209 females and 53 males) completed the questionnaires. Majority of the students (94.3%) chose to study at home and used both mobile phones (92.4%) and laptops (96.2%) for ODL. Most students preferred ODL because of convenience (83.6%) whilst reduced concentration (80.9%) and poor internet connection (76.3%) were among the challenges encountered. Most frequently used digital platforms include UFUTURE (98.9%), Microsoft Teams (94.3%) and Google Classroom (89.7%). Likewise, live video conferencing (72.1%), pre-recorded videos (67.2%) and videos from online sources (59.5%) were among the most used type of delivery modes by lecturers. Our findings may help to strengthen the understanding of current ODL implementation and teaching processes. Results from this study will assist in improving various aspects of ODL to increase its effectiveness and efficiency for students' learning.

Topic: Technology-Enhanced Education Studies
Subfield: Education
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Efektifitas Penyaluran Zakat Pada Masjid Darussalam Kota Wisata Cibubur

Zakah is one of the pillars of Islam that must be implemented, zakah is generally divided into 2, zakah maal and zakah fitrah. A mosque is a place for Muslims to perform worship both in congregation and individually. In Indonesia the mosque is also a place for collecting and distributing zakat funds. This study aims to identify the effectiveness of zakat distribution through mosques (case study of Darussalam Mosque, Kota Wisata, Cibubur). The research method used is descriptive qualitative research methods with primary and secondary data sources that will be obtained from interviews, viewing reports related to zakat, observations, and documentation to Amil in Masjid Darussalam, Kota Wisata, Cibubur. The results of the study show that all indicators, that is right on target, economic improvement, use of funds. with some notes that need to be considered, namely the ZakatPro program must be carried out carefully monitoring and coaching so that mustahik can be more productive, and provide solutions to each mustahik's business problems

Topic: Islamic Finance and Communication
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences