jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Supplementary Fig. S2 from A Short Treatment with Galactomannan GM-CT-01 Corrects the Functions of Freshly Isolated Human Tumor–Infiltrating Lymphocytes

&lt;p&gt;PDF file 231K, Effect of GM-CT-01 on the capacity of CD8+ TIL to degranulate&lt;/p&gt;

Topic: Cancer Research and Treatments
Subfield: Biotechnology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Indoor Airborne Particle Level in the Animal Biosafety Level 3 Laboratory of Shanghai

Exposure to biogenic aerosols such as airborne bacterium has hazardous effects upon human health. Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) bacteria is a highly pathogenic microbe and arises large challenges to the enclosed laboratories for biosafety and the health of people working in them. Number concentration and size spectra of indoor aerosols were examined in the Animal Biosafety Level 3 (ABSL-3) laboratory located in Shanghai’s south suburb in July 2010. Mean particle concentration at center of the core room in dissecting experiment to MTB infected mouse (200 cm -3 ) was equivalent to feeding experiment to MTB infected mouse (200 cm -3 ), and roughly 2 times higher than background (91 cm -3 ). Mean particle size distribution at center of the core room exhibited a bi-peak feature under dissecting and feeding conditions, but a mono-peak feature under background condition. Because of dual negative air pressure and high frequency cleaning, MTB bacteria emitted from infected agents did not appear in the air of the preparation and core rooms. Airborne particle sampling demonstrated that MTB aerosol contamination was not detected in the indoor air. This result indicates that online monitoring for particle microphysical properties is one valuable approach to early warn and protect the safety of ABSL-3 laboratories.

Topic: Infection Control and Ventilation
Subfield: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Bromination and nitration of 2‐hydroxypyridine‐N‐oxide

Abstract From the reaction mixtures obtained by brominating and nitrating 2‐hydroxypyridine‐N‐oxide the sole disubstituted products isolated were the 3,5‐derivatives. The course of the bromination and nitration of 2‐hydroxypyridine‐N‐oxide differs from the analogous reactions of 2‐hydroxypyridine only in an increased reaction velocity.

Topic: Chemical Reaction Mechanisms
Subfield: Organic Chemistry
Field: Chemistry
Domain: Physical Sciences
The role of netrin G1-netrin-G-ligand-1 in schizophrenia

A BSTRACT Schizophrenia (SCZ) is a chronic psychotic disorder that profoundly alters an individual’s perception of reality, resulting in abnormal behavior, cognitive deficits, thought distortions, and disorientation in emotions. Many complicated factors can lead to SCZ, and investigations are ongoing to understand the neurobiological underpinnings of this condition. Presynaptic Netrin G1 and its cognate partner postsynaptic Netrin-G-Ligand-1 (NGL-1) have been implicated in SCZ. This review article emphasized the structure and expression of Netrin G1/NGL-1 in the brain, its dysregulation in SCZ patients, and its role in synaptic plasticity, synaptic interaction, learning and memory, microglia neurotrophic activity, and possible signaling between Netrin G1/NGL-1, postsynaptic density protein 95, and cyclin-dependent kinase-like 5 in synaptic morphogenesis. Pharmaceutical targets and the potential use of Netrin G1/NGL-1 as treatment targets or biomarkers for SCZ were also discussed.

Topic: Axon Guidance and Neuronal Signaling
Subfield: Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences
Long‐Range Lateral Transport of Dissolved Manganese and Iron in the Subarctic Pacific

Abstract Dissolved manganese (dMn) and iron (dFe) are important micronutrients for marine microorganisms. In this study, we presented comprehensive distributions of dMn in the subarctic Pacific and compared our Mn data with those of dFe in the same region. dMn and dFe exhibited a scavenged‐type and nutrient‐type vertical profile, respectively. We also determined the size fractionation of Mn at two stations and found that most of dMn was in the soluble fraction, in contrast to dFe, which included colloidal organic particles. In the coastal surface waters of the Gulf of Alaska, Mn was supplied from a riverine source. Drawdowns of dFe, dMn, and macronutrient were observed along the salinity gradient. Both dMn and dFe were transported eastward, with log‐scale transport distances of 3,600 and 3,300 km, respectively in the upper intermediate water, and 4,700 and 3,400 km, respectively in the lower intermediate water. In the upper intermediate water, dMn showed a positive relationship with apparent oxygen utilization, suggesting that regeneration processes could supply dMn to these waters. However, mixing with water masses from the subtropical North Pacific reduced dMn concentration. High dissolved oxygen concentrations in these waters also increased the rate of dMn loss relative to the lower intermediate water. The transport distances of dMn found in this study were the highest in the Pacific region. This long‐range transport of dMn and dFe could eventually fuel phytoplankton growth at the surface via upwelling processes.

Topic: Marine and coastal ecosystems
Subfield: Oceanography
Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences
Domain: Physical Sciences
High density printing paper quality investigation

Light has been used to examine the quality of the products or surface finishing of most products by the industries in recent times. In this research, a lab module tester was designed and built to investigation on the different type of printing paper quality which available commercially was done. Laser light was utilized as a manipulator to distinguish the quality of printing paper and the light reflectance element was used. The photodiode was used as sensing element to detect the reflected light from the surface of printing paper. The both of laser diode and photodiode were placed in a light box. The laser was used to emit light on the sample and the photodiode detects light intensity from the surface printing paper in the light box. Different level of intensity correlates to different voltage output. The investigation on the different type of printing paper including of 70 g/m <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> , 80 g/m <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> and 100 g/m <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> were done respectively. The result showed that the 100 g/m <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> printing paper has a higher reflected voltage output compared to 80 g/m <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> and 70 g/m <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> printing paper.

Topic: Currency Recognition and Detection
Subfield: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Going-Concern Audit Report: The Role of Audit Committee

The objective of the study is to discuss the roles of audit committee (AC) towards the going-concern audit report issued by the external auditor. Based on the International Standard on Auditing that governing the auditors’ works and findings from previous studies, clearly the auditor has the responsibility on the company’s going-concern issues. The existence of AC as the board committee together with its strong composition seen to be a good measure to monitor the issues of going-concern that pertaining to the company’s viability in future. The responsibility on this issue to AC is parallel with the guidelines in corporate governance codes as practised by most countries in the world.

Topic: Auditing, Earnings Management, Governance
Subfield: Accounting
Field: Business, Management and Accounting
Domain: Social Sciences
Modeling and simulation of surface-and-dive behavior of a bottlenose dolphin

In this paper, we present a biomechanical model capable of generating six-DoF trajectories of a swimming dolphin. Our model attempts to closely emulate an actual surfacing and diving dolphin. The degree of biomechanical complexity of our model stands as a reasonable compromise between a complicated flexible multi-link body and an overly-simplified pointmass. We constructed our model through analyzing previously reported results and statistics on hydrodynamics, kinematics, maneuverability and propulsive efficiency of bottlenose dolphins observed during their surface-and-dive, porpoising and foraging behaviors. The results of our model's computer simulations match the previous reports on the dolphins' buoyancy, depth profiles, and speeds during ascent, descent, and porpoising activities.

Topic: Marine animal studies overview
Subfield: Ecology
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Supplementary Figure 2 from PRIMA-1&lt;sup&gt;Met&lt;/sup&gt;/APR-246 Displays High Antitumor Activity in Multiple Myeloma By Induction of p73 and Noxa

&lt;p&gt;PDF - 62KB, Supplementary Figure 2. PRIMA-1Met induces transcriptional regulation of a set of apoptosis target genes. (A) Microarray analysis of gene expression in MM.1S, U266, and 8266R5 cells after 8 hrs treatment with PRIMA-1Met. The heat map of genes differentially expressed in 3 MM cell lines in duplicates. Vertical rows indicate separate arrays, and horizontal rows indicate genes. Values are normalized to untreated control. Green indicates low expression; red indicates high expression. (B) mRNA levels of some of the selected genes modulated by PRIMA-1Met were detected by qRT-PCR in 3 MM cell lines treated similarly with PRIMA-1Met. Values were normalized to those obtained for glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) and expressed as log2-fold induction over DMSO-treated cells (mean plus or minus SD).&lt;/p&gt;

Topic: Molecular Biology Techniques and Applications
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Enhancing empathy and positive attitude among nursing undergraduates via an in-class virtual reality-based simulation relating to mental illness

Objective: The study aims to examine the impact of virtual reality simulation that simulates the experience of psychiatric symptomology associated with mental illness in mental health nursing education.Methods: A total of 159 nursing students being exposed to an in-class VR simulation completed pre-test measures about empathy and positive attitudes towards mental illness. Narrative feedback was collected to explore the students' perceptions of the VR simulation. Results: The results indicated a significant increase in the overall empathy and positive attitudes towards mental illness after participating in the in-class VR simulation related to mental illness. Students had a clearer understanding of the patient's experience and difficulties from VR simulation.Conclusions: In-class VR simulation may play a significant role in enhancing empathetic understanding and positive attitudes towards individuals diagnosed with mental illness.

Topic: Resilience and Mental Health
Subfield: Clinical Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Semi-relativistic effects in spin-1/2 quantum plasmas

Emerging possibilities for creating and studying novel plasma regimes, e.g.\nrelativistic plasmas and dense systems, in a controlled laboratory environment\nalso requires new modeling tools for such systems. This brings motivation for\ntheoretical studies of the kinetic theory governing the dynamics of plasmas for\nwhich both relativistic and quantum effects occur simultaneously. Here, we\ninvestigate relativistic corrections to the Pauli Hamiltonian in the context of\na scalar kinetic theory for spin-1/2 quantum plasmas. In particular, we\nformulate a quantum kinetic theory that takes such effects as spin-orbit\ncoupling and Zitterbewegung into account for the collective motion of\nelectrons. We discuss the implications and possible applications of our\nfindings.\n

Topic: Dust and Plasma Wave Phenomena
Subfield: Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
MeerTRAP: 12 Galactic fast transients detected in a real-time, commensal MeerKAT survey

ABSTRACT MeerTRAP is a real-time untargeted search project using the MeerKAT telescope to find single pulses from fast radio transients and pulsars. It is performed commensally with the MeerKAT large survey projects (LSPs), using data from up to 64 of MeerKAT’s 13.96 m dishes to form hundreds of coherent beams on sky, each of which is processed in real time to search for millisecond-duration pulses. We present the first 12 Galactic sources discovered by MeerTRAP, with DMs in the range of 33–381 pc cm−3. One source may be Galactic or extragalactic depending on the Galactic electron density model assumed. Follow-up observations performed with the MeerKAT, Lovell, and Parkes radio telescopes have detected repeat pulses from 7 of the 12 sources. Pulse periods have been determined for four sources. Another four sources could be localized to the arcsecond-level using a novel implementation of the tied-array beam localization method.

Topic: Radio Astronomy Observations and Technology
Subfield: Astronomy and Astrophysics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Novel interphases: Synthesis, molecular orientation and grafting of liquid crystal polymers on carbon fibers

The objective of this research has been to study composite material systems containing liquid crystal polymers either as matrices or in interfacial boundary zones. The fundamental point of interest here is the interfacial response that fiber surfaces can potentially induce in self ordering polymers. This investigation includes studies in three broad categories: molecular orientation of nematic melts containing dispersed carbon fibers, the chemical grafting of a liquid crystal polymer to these fibers by in-situ polymerization of monomeric melts, and the synthesis and anchoring on fibers of specially designed liquid crystal monomers and polymers containing pendant chemical functions on their mesogenic groups. The matrix polymer used in orientation studies is a thermotropic liquid crystal polyester synthesized from the monomers p-acetoxybenzoic acid, diacetoxyhydroquinone and pimelic;,d. This aliphatic-aromatic polymer was characterized by 13C-NMR as a chemically disordered copolymer of the three. 7 structural units which exhibits a nematic phase above 150 0C. Broadline proton NMR above the solid to liquid crystal transition was used to measure the rate of magnetic alignment of molecules in the matrix. Enhanced rates of magnetic orientation in the polymer melt were observed when carbon fibers are dispersed in the medium. Polarized optical microscopy studies of these composite samples revealed that fiber surfaces influence the orientation of liquid crystal polymer matrix in their immediate surroundings. Inspite of this orienting influence of

Topic: Fiber-reinforced polymer composites
Subfield: Mechanical Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
MAGNETIC REFRIGERATING SYSTEM

A magnetic refrigerator (MR) operating at room temperature is being developed as a technology which can replace the conventional liquidvapor refrigeration systems. The essential parts of an MR system are the magnetic field source, which uses permanent magnets, and the magnetic refrigerant materials, which must have a large magnetocaloric effect (MCE). For efficient operation of the MR, a magnetic field well above the remanence of NdBFe is required. The hollow cylindrical permanent magnet array (HCPMA) design, and modifications based on this design, have been shown to produce the required strength of magnetic field (1,2). The cross section of the HCPMA and the directions of the magnetization vectors in the various segments are shown in Fig. 1. Figurc 2 shows the magnetic flux lines of a modified HCPMA designed to allow access of the rotating magnetic refrigerant materials. The height of the slot, located in the array is 12.7 111111. The directions of magnetization vectors are the same as those shown in Fig. 1. magnetocaloric material is gadolinium silicon-germanium (GdsSiLiez). Soft magnetic materials such as permalloy or mumetal are used as flux concentrators. These are shown in the upper and lower part of the central air gap and used to enhance and focus the magnetic flux lines. The magnitude of the magnetic flux density at the center of the air gap was about 2 Tesla, although this can be increased above 3 Tesla by modifying the geometry of the design. The magnitude and homogeneity of the magnetic field for this design will be compared with the conventional C-shaped yoke and 7-segmented modified HCPMA. The permanent magnet material of choice is neodymium-iron-boron (NdzFei4B). The

Topic: Magnetic and transport properties of perovskites and related materials
Subfield: Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Supplementary Figure 4 from Suppression of Colonic Polyposis by Homeoprotein CDX2 through its Nontranscriptional Function that Stabilizes p27&lt;sup&gt;Kip1&lt;/sup&gt;

Supplementary Figure 4 from Suppression of Colonic Polyposis by Homeoprotein CDX2 through its Nontranscriptional Function that Stabilizes p27&lt;sup&gt;Kip1&lt;/sup&gt;

Topic: Digestive system and related health
Subfield: Genetics
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Survival during a Crisis: Alliances by Singapore Firms

In this study, we focus on the under‐researched issue of how environmental shocks impact alliance survival. We draw from several different theoretical perspectives such as industrial organization economics, managerial theories of the firm (such as agency theory) and institutional theories. We argue that the relationship between the occurrence of environmental shock and alliance survival is a contingent one. Specifically, we hypothesize that the following types of alliances will exhibit better likelihood of survival: alliances that yield a balance of short‐term and long‐term benefits (scale alliances) rather than purely long‐term benefits (link alliances); alliances that lead to either cost reduction or near‐term improvement in revenue realization (marketing alliances); and alliances that bring together partners from different economic regions (those involving Western and Asian partners). Based on an analysis of 348 alliances formed by Singapore firms, we find that marketing alliances and those involving at least one Western partner indeed exhibit a better likelihood of survival during the Asian economic crisis. We conclude that alliances that can enhance revenue potential in the short‐term are more robust to environmental shocks and that alliances can benefit from an effect similar to risk reduction through international diversification.

Topic: Innovation and Knowledge Management
Subfield: Strategy and Management
Field: Business, Management and Accounting
Domain: Social Sciences
A comparison of adductor canal block and femoral nerve block after total-knee arthroplasty regarding analgesic effect, effectiveness of early rehabilitation, and lateral knee pain relief in the early stage

Abstract Background: The aim of this study was to compare the analgesic effect on the lateral and overall knee and early rehabilitation between adductor canal block (ACB) and femoral nerve block (FNB) after total-knee arthroplasty. Method: Two hundred patients randomly participated in the study and were divided into the ACB group and FNB group in a randomized manner. All patients received standardized anesthesia and analgesia upon hospitalization. Outcome evaluations included visual analog scale (VAS) scores at rest and during activity, quadriceps strength, range of motion (ROM), total opioid consumption and complication occurrence, sleep interruptions caused by pain, postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV), and postoperative length of stay (PLOS) before discharge in all groups. In the 90-day postoperative follow-up, we also observed the acute deep periprosthetic joint infection, wound breakdown, readmission, reoperations, inpatient falls, ROM, and patient satisfaction score. Results: The lateral knee VAS scores are lower in the FNB group at rest and during activity (2–24 hours postoperatively) compared with those in the ACB group. However, the overall knee VAS score, total opioid consumption and complication occurrence, sleep interruptions caused by pain, and PONV are similar between the FNB and ACB groups. When evaluating early rehabilitation, the quadriceps strength in the ACB group is superior to that in the FNB group 24 hours postoperatively. At 24, 48, and 72 hours postoperatively, ROM in the ACB group is significantly better than that in the FNB group. Furthermore, the ACB group has a shorter PLOS (4.5 ± 0.60 days) than the FNB group (5.3 ± 0.7 days). However, patient satisfaction score, readmission rate, inpatient falls, acute deep periprosthetic joint infection, and wound breakdown are not statistically significantly different between the 2 groups. Conclusion: The ACB does not relieve lateral knee pain in the early stage but provides similar analgesic effect and better effectiveness of early rehabilitation compared with FNB in patients undergoing TKA.

Topic: Anesthesia and Pain Management
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Triflates-Triggered Intermolecular Cyclization of Carbodiimides Leading to 2-Aminoquinazolinone and 2,4-Diaminoquinazoline Derivatives

A triflate-triggered intermolecular cyclization of carbodiimides to provide 2-amino-4-imino-quinazolines, which could be easily transformed to 2-aminoquinazolinones and 2,4-diaminoquinazolines in high yield, has been reported. A variety of functional groups are tolerated in the 2-amino-4-iminoquinazoline scaffolds.

Topic: Quinazolinone synthesis and applications
Subfield: Organic Chemistry
Field: Chemistry
Domain: Physical Sciences
Development of a Method for Absolute Quantification of Equine Acute Phase Proteins Using Concatenated Peptide Standards and Selected Reaction Monitoring

The aim of this study was the development of a quantitative assay that could support future studies of a panel of acute phase proteins (APPs) in the horse. The assay was based on a quantification concatamer (QconCAT) coupled to selected reaction monitoring methodology. Thirty-two peptides, corresponding to 13 putative or confirmed APPs for the Equus caballus (equine) species were selected for the design of a QconCAT construct. The gene encoding the QconCAT was synthesized and expressed as an isotope-labeled chimaeric protein in Escherichia coli. The QconCAT tryptic peptides were analyzed on a triple-quadrupole instrument, and the quantotypic properties were assessed in equine serum, wound tissue, and wound interstitial fluid. Reasonable quantotypic performance was found for 12, 14, and 14 peptides in serum, wound tissue, and interstitial fluid, respectively. Seven proteins were quantified in absolute terms in serum collected from a horse before and after the onset of a systemic inflammatory condition, and the observed protein concentrations were in close agreement with previous data. We conclude, that this QconCAT is applicable for concurrent quantitative analysis of multiple APPs in serum and may also support future studies of these proteins in other types of tissues and body fluids from the horse.

Topic: Animal health and immunology
Subfield: Small Animals
Field: Veterinary
Domain: Health Sciences