jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Molecular characterization of a strain-specific sequence in Campylobacter jejuni

Campylobacter jejuni strains 81116 and NCTC 11392 were shown to contain a region of DNA that was not present in other strains. This region was cloned from the chromosome of strain 81116 and the nucleotide sequence determined. It was found to contain an insert of 742 bp which was flanked by direct repeats of 45 bp. Although the nature of this sequence is unknown at present, it is clear that it only presents in certain strains of Camp. jejuni and it may therefore be useful as an epidemiological tool.

Topic: Salmonella and Campylobacter epidemiology
Subfield: Food Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Neighborhood discovery in a wireless sensor networks

Neighborhood discovery (ND) in a wireless sensor network is a process of identifying the sensors that a given node can communicate directly. In this paper, our main contribution is to model the ND protocol in a wireless sensor network. In ND task, each node is assigned its own N timeslots, with equal slot intervals. In each slot, each node chooses either to transmit or listen, with probabilities p and 1 -- p. Our objectives are to analyze the optimal value of p, and model the formulation of N by mapping the problem into the coupon's collector problem. The simulation results show close match to the theoretical results.

Topic: Energy Efficient Wireless Sensor Networks
Subfield: Computer Networks and Communications
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
A kinetic study of cyclic adenosine 3':5'-monophosphate binding and mode of activation of protein kinase from Drosophila melanogaster embryos

Cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase and its regulatory subunit were isolated from Drosophila melanogaster embryos. The profiles of cyclic AMP binding by these proteins were significantly different. In order to explain such a difference and to find the mode of enzyme activation by cyclic AMP, a kinetic study of cyclic AMP binding was carried out. First, the association rate constant k1 and dissociation rate constant k-1 in the cyclic AMP-regulatory subunit interaction at 0 degrees C were estimated to be 2.3 X 10(6)M-1s-1 and 1.1 X 10(-3)s-1, respectively. Secondly, the three possible modes of enzyme activation by cyclic AMP were mathematically considered and could be described by a unique formula: r=APt + BQt (A + B=1) in which the parameters A, B, P, and Q are equivalent to rate constants in the sense that the rate constants are simply expressed by these parameters. Thirdly, the values of the parameters and subsequently the values of rate constants involved in the possible mechanisms were evaluated using a curve-fitting technique and compared with experimental observation. It was then found that the following mechanism was the only one which fitted the experimental observations. Namely, RC + L k3 equilibrium k-3 LRC k4 equilibrium k-4 RL + C where R, C, and L represent the regulatory and catalytic subunits and cyclic AMP as a ligand. Thus, our results indicate that in the presence of cyclic AMP the active enzyme (C) is released from a ternary intermediate which is the primary product of the cyclic AMP-holoenzyme interaction. The estimated values of the rate constants are: k3=3.5 X 10(6)M-1s-1;k-3=7.3 X 10(-1)s-1;and k4=3.8 X 10(-2)s. These estimates indicate that the reaction LRC leads to RL + C is relatively slow and limits the rate of the overall reaction. By comparing k-3 and k4, it is apparent that a large part of newly formed ternary intermediate reverts to the holoenzyme.

Topic: Hemoglobin structure and function
Subfield: Cell Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Indirect Coupling of Photons to the Surface Plasmon

Some mechanisms are investigated for the coupling of the surface plasma mode in a semi-infinite medium with a flat or almost flat surface to incident electromagnetic waves. In a classical approximation the mechanism of surface roughness (the departure of the surface from a perfectly flat, smooth plane) is studied. Using Green's-function techniques, the coupling of light to the surface plasmon assisted by phonons or impurities is considered. With phonons, the change in the reflectivity due to the mode may be on the verge of measurability at room temperature, while the change in reflectivity with coupling to an irregular surface or impurities near the surface is found to be measurable.

Topic: Surface Roughness and Optical Measurements
Subfield: Computational Mechanics
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Revision of Torula and Hormiscium Species. New Names for Hormiscium undulatum, Torula equina, and Torula convolvuli

New combinations are proposed for Hormiscium undulatum, Torula equina, and Torula convolvuli in Trimmatostroma, Sphaerosporium, and Pseudotaeniolina, gen. nov., respectively.

Topic: Mycorrhizal Fungi and Plant Interactions
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Impact of toothbrushing with a dentifrice containing calcium peroxide on enamel color and roughness.

This in vitro study sought to evaluate both the bleaching potential and changes to average surface roughness (Ra) of enamel after brushing with a dentifrice. Fifty-four enamel specimens (4 x 4 x 2 mm) were divided into 3 groups (n = 18) and treated with 1 of 3 dentifrices: 1 with calcium peroxide, and 2 without. The samples were submitted to 20,000 brushing cycles. Color and Ra were measured before and after brushing. Although the Ra increased in all groups after brushing, only the dentifrice containing calcium peroxide resulted in an increase in reflectance.

Topic: Dental Erosion and Treatment
Subfield: Orthodontics
Field: Dentistry
Domain: Health Sciences
Supplementary Data Fig. S7 from Lymphoma Angiogenesis Is Orchestrated by Noncanonical Signaling Pathways

&lt;p&gt;Solid tumors respond to VEGFR-2 inhibition&lt;/p&gt;

Topic: Angiogenesis and VEGF in Cancer
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Active backstepping control of combined projective synchronization among different nonlinear systems

In this article, the authors have studied combination projective synchronization using active backstepping method. The main contribution of this effort is realization of the projective synchronization between two drive systems and one response system. We relax some limitations of previous work, where only combination complete synchronization has been investigated. According to Lyapunov stability theory and active backstepping design method, the corresponding controllers are designed to observe combination projective synchronization among three different classical chaotic systems, i.e. the Lorenz system, Rossler system and Chen system. The numerical simulation examples verify the effectiveness of the theoretical analysis. Combination projective synchronization has stronger anti-attack ability and antitranslated ability than the normal projective synchronization scheme realized by one drive and one response system in secure communication.

Topic: Chaos control and synchronization
Subfield: Statistical and Nonlinear Physics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
A Novel Simple Visual Tracking Algorithm Based on Hashing and Deep Learning

Deep network has been proven efficient and robust to capture object features in some conditions. It still remains in the stage of classifying or detecting objects. In the field of visual tracking, deep network has not been applied widely. One of the reasons is that its time consuming made the strong method could not meet the speed need of visual tracking. A novel simple tracker is proposed to complete tracking task. A simple six-layer feed-forward backpropagation neural network is applied to capture object features. Nevertheless, this representation is not robust enough when illumination changes or drastic scale changes in dynamic condition. To improve the performance and not to increase much time spent, image perceptual hashing method is employed, which extracts low frequency information of object as its fingerprint to recognize the object from its structure. 64-bit characters are calculated by it, and they are utilized to be the bias terms of the neutral network. This leads more significant improvement for performance of extracting sufficient object features. Then we take particle filter to complete the tracking process with the proposed representation. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm is efficient and robust compared with the state-of-the-art tracking methods.

Topic: Video Surveillance and Tracking Methods
Subfield: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Saving Private Hegel — Australian Liberalism and the 1914–1918 War

In this essay I explore the pamphlet literature and related sources, in order to assess the effects of the 1914–1918 War on liberal political ideas in Australia. The main focus of the study is the WEA intellectuals in Sydney and Brisbane, and the core group of Deakinite liberals in Melbourne as represented by the overlapping membership of the Boobooks Club and the Round Table. Themes of compulsion, Progressivism, industrial relations, citizenship, and internationalism are examined. In particular the tension which wartime experiences produced within the high idealism of Kantian and Hegelian new liberal political philosophy is investigated. The bitterness caused by the war and the doubts raised about German philosophy help us to understand the decline of statist and idealist elements within liberal thought in Australia. It seems impossible, during the present war, to write any book or to deliver a sermon or an address which does not in some way refer to the war. H.B. Higgins, Socrates, the State and War , p.7

Topic: Australian History and Society
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Changes and challenges of the archives: researching early-twentieth century lesbianism in United States prisons during the COVID-19 pandemic

"Changes and Challenges of the Archives" is based on a still-in-progress master's thesis that I will complete by May 2021 at Sarah Lawrence College. The purpose of this article is not to come to any conclusions about the challenges of researching lesbian history during the COVID-19 pandemic but, rather, to explore how these world circumstances have further complicated the labor required of a lesbian historian. Many elements of this thesis and research are still in flux, including my investigation of the role race played in creating and developing a sexually deviant, criminalized definition of lesbian(ism). My ultimate hope is that this paper provides some valuable knowledge for my queer historian comrades and sparks a dialogue that can benefit historians who are continuing their research through debilitating circumstances.

Topic: European history and politics
Subfield: Political Science and International Relations
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
The predictive power of biphasic dissolution approach using Class IV model drug

This study was aimed to evaluate biphasic dissolution system and its applicability to discriminate between different formulas. Two different tablet formulas of furosemide were prepared using dry compression (F1) and wet granulation (F2). The prepared formulas were evaluated for hardness,&#x0D; friability and disintegration. Thereafter, monophasic and biphasic dissolution systems were used to compare the dissolution profiles of the prepared formulas with a commercially available tablet. The results of the physical properties of the prepared tablets were within acceptable values. Moreover, there were insignificant differences (P&gt;0.05) between generic product and the prepared formulations. The similarity and difference factors were &gt; 58 and &lt;10, respectively. On the other hand, the biphasic dissolution system results showed significant difference regarding dissolution profiles for all items under investigation. In conclusion, biphasic dissolution system could be a viable tool in assessment in-vitro drug performance as a result of its good discriminatory power.

Topic: Drug Solubulity and Delivery Systems
Subfield: Pharmaceutical Science
Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics
Domain: Life Sciences
Notes on the Churchyards of Currie, Kirknewton, and the Calders

The earliest record of the ancient church of Killeith dates from 1296.In that year, William, Archdeacon of Lothian, and parson of the church of Keldeleth, swore fealty to Edward I. ; and, from a tascatio of that monarch's reign, we learn that this church, which was dedicated to St Kentigern, was rated at 50 marks, and pertained to the Priory of Coldingham.Till the Reformation, Killeith was regarded as the appropriate benefice of the Archdeaconry of Lothian, changing its status with its name, when, in 1584, James VI. granted to the newly founded college of Edinburgh the vicarage of Currie, with all its endowments.Through this transference the Town Council of Edinburgh became the patrons of the parish, which during the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries was variously styled Killeith and Currie.Error has arisen from the assumption that the ancient Killeith-now Kinleith-and the later Currie were distinct and separate places.There is not the slightest foundation for that opinion, and within the churchyard of Currie there remains its clearest refutation.Here are the picturesque ruins of an ecclesiastical building, interesting historically and architecturally, and venerable enough to determine the site of the church which, though it changed its name, can only most unreasonably be charged with changing its local habitation.This mediaeval fragment undoubtedly formed the choir of the ancient church of Killeith.For many generations it has been used as a place of burial, and its history shows that at a dark period it was the reputed haunt of witches, serving at another time as the school of Currie parish.Its vaulted roof was a source of trouble to the heritors, who were repeatedly charged for its repair.In 1778, they appointed "the upper arch of the Quire to be taken down by day's wages, and the lower arch to stand as it is."Further, that " the lower arch of the Quire be covered by the flag stones, VOL.XL.

Topic: Historical Architecture and Urbanism
Subfield: History
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Benches, Beaches, and Bumps

This chapter reviews habitat impacts of seawalls and how these impacts can be mitigated and present a case study of Seattle's seawall habitat improvements. It indicates that benches, beaches, and "bumps" added to Seattle's seawall can have beneficial effects. The ecology of intertidal areas is driven by the physical environment, which is modified by shoreline armoring. Important differences between seawalls and natural rocky intertidal shorelines include habitat heterogeneity and complexity that tend to be lacking on seawalls. When the Seattle Art Museum's Olympic Sculpture Park opened in 2007, it included two major enhancements intended to benefit juvenile salmon: a ~290-m-long habitat bench projecting from the base of the seawall with sediment simulating more natural conditions than those found along most of Seattle's waterfront and a ~100-m-long pocket beach excavated from a stretch of riprap-armored shoreline and surfaced with pebbles and cobbles. Habitat improvements along extremely urbanized shorelines are obviously constrained by human uses and the infrastructure needs of a city.

Topic: Marine and coastal plant biology
Subfield: Oceanography
Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences
Domain: Physical Sciences
Natural Virus Infection of Hedge Bindweed (Calystegia sepium)

Virus symptoms were observed on Hedge bindweed (Calystegia sepium) a well known plant in Hungary. In the literature there is no record of virus infection on Hedge bindweed, therefore, investigations were carried out to determine the causal agent. Sap from leaves showing virus-like symptoms was inoculated onto test plants inducing systemic infection on Nicotiana clevelandii, N. benthamiana, local lesions on Chenopodium quinoa and no infection on Datura stramonium and Cucumis sativus. Sap of N. clevelandii was examined by electron microscopy, showed the presence of long flexous particles. The biological and other properties of the virus have also been studied. Properties of particles in sap were as follows: TIP (thermal inactivation point): 78 °C, LIV (longevity in vitro): 26 days and DEP (dilution end point): log 10 minus 5. The size of coat protein is 36 kDa, and the genome consists of 7-8000 nt RNA. Double-stranded cDNA were produced using random hexanucleotide primers, cloned and sequenced. BLAST search of sequence databases revealed nucleotide sequence identity with carlaviruses. Further investigations are needed to decide whether the virus isolated from Hedge bindweed is a new carlavirus or a new strain of an existing carlavirus.

Topic: Plant Virus Research Studies
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
The microbiologic monitoring and the effect of wiping the chart to be taken into operating room

Objective: To evaluate the effect of wiping the chart before taking into operating room with different sterilization . Methods: a prospective comparison study was used to 90 chart which were taken into operating room with patients for culture, then they were randomly divided into 3 groups, and wiped with 0.5% ShiKang (A), 0. 5% JieXiao Jin(B) and 0.5% Peracetic Acid(C), respectively. And then, the samples for culture were taken again, After culture, calculating die cfu and positive ratio of each group before and after wiping. Results:Before wiping with disinfectant, the cfu counts(cfu/cm2) of chart surface were hard to meet the standard of operating room( I or II environment); After wiped, each group's cfu decreased, but only C group's had a significant difference, and on the positive ratio of germs culture, only B and C had significant difference too. Conclusion: After wiping with 0.5% Peracetic Acid, the chart comes from word (grade III environment) can be taken into operating room safely

Topic: Medical Research and Treatments
Subfield: Complementary and alternative medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Induction of indomethacin-sensitive suppressor cells by xenogeneic blood transfusion in mice.

The suppressive effect of xenogeneic blood transfusion on T-cell reactivity, observed in both in vivo and in vitro studies, is connected with the development of indomethacin-sensitive suppressor cells.

Topic: Xenotransplantation and immune response
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Phylogenetic beta diversity in bacterial assemblages across ecosystems: deterministic versus stochastic processes

Increasing evidence has emerged for non-random spatial distributions of microbes, but knowledge of the processes that cause variation in microbial assemblage among ecosystems is lacking. For instance, some studies showed that deterministic processes such as habitat specialization are important, while other studies hold that bacterial communities are assembled by stochastic forces. Here we examine the relative influence of deterministic and stochastic processes for bacterial communities from subsurface environments, stream biofilm, lake water, lake sediment and soil using pyrosequencing of the 16S ribosomal RNA gene. We show that there is a general pattern in phylogenetic signal in species ecological niches across recent evolutionary time for all studied habitats, enabling us to infer the influences of community assembly processes from patterns of phylogenetic turnover in community composition. The phylogenetic dissimilarities among-habitat types were significantly higher than within them, and the communities were clustered according to their original habitat types. For communities within-habitat types, the highest phylogenetic turnover rate through space was observed in subsurface environments, followed by stream biofilm on mountainsides, whereas the sediment assemblages across regional scales showed the lowest turnover rate. Quantifying phylogenetic turnover as the deviation from a null expectation suggested that measured environmental variables imposed strong selection on bacterial communities for nearly all sample groups. For three sample groups, spatial distance reflected unmeasured environmental variables that impose selection, as opposed to spatial isolation. Such characterization of spatial and environmental variables proved essential for proper interpretation of partial Mantel results based on observed beta diversity metrics. In summary, our results clearly indicate a dominant role of deterministic processes on bacterial assemblages and highlight that bacteria show strong habitat associations that have likely emerged through evolutionary adaptation.

Topic: Microbial Community Ecology and Physiology
Subfield: Ecology
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
“bokken ranga pāmuda?” gut feeling, instinct and rhetoric of Sri Lankan actor learning

This paper was presented at the 2013 ADSA conference held on the 9-12 July at Flinders Universtiy, Adelaide.<br><br>The mental representation of learning as a dominant model of knowledge acquisition has been a long standing formula for Western pedagogy. Within the sensation-idea-response model (Barnacle 2009, Horn and Wilburn 2005) the subject perceives the objects and conceptualizes ideas in the brain and generates actions through the body. Thus the relationship between perception and action is hierarchical as the action is secondary to the perception. (Noë 2005) This epistemological problem is the result of the disembodied mind propagates by the Cartesian tradition. It is no exception when it comes to the discourse of acting: the rhetoric of acting has also been affected by this split (Zarrilli 2002); the actor’s mind is regarded as the rational knower and the active mover of the body. However some actors in Sri Lankan theatre often refer the phrase “bokken ranga pamu” (act from the gut) as metaphorical expression of how the actor should act truthfully. It further means that the good actor does not act from the heart or intellect but from the ‘gut instinct’ of the body. This metaphorical idea of ‘gut’ replaces the ‘disembodied rational thinking’ in the mind with something fleshy embedded in the ‘intestine’ of the actor’s body. In this paper I want to show how a group of Sri Lankan actors challenge the idea of mental representation of learning by introducing a visceral origination of their knowing (Deway 1896, Merleu-Ponty 1962, Dreyfus, 2002) and the synergy of thoughts and imagination coupled with the lived body.<br><br>['Australasian Association for Theatre, Drama and Performance Studies (2013 : Flinders University, Adelaide)']

Topic: Theatre and Performance Studies
Subfield: Visual Arts and Performing Arts
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences