jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Smart business networks: interaction‐coordination aspects and risks

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to summarize key interaction‐coordination attributes and the uniqueness of smart business networks. Design/methodology/approach The methodology analyzed is smart business networks, encompassing all three traditional business process life‐cycle stages between dynamically interacting enterprises. Emphasis is put on the business aspects and the related risks. Findings Smart business networks open the possibility to configure business processes and stakeholders on the fly. This implies some key paradigm changes, both of a technical and of a business nature, which are offered here for discussion via a set of propositions. Research limitations/implications By economic and risk analysis, such as that summarized in this paper, one can progress towards the analysis of interacting heterogeneous enterprises. Practical implications The implementation involves, amongst others, the embedding of business logic specific to a network of business partners, inside the communications control networks. It also involves the definition of business protocols between these partners and the joint management of some common functions relying on open networking standards. Examples are given from the wireless communications industry. Originality/value As quick‐connect/quick‐disconnect business networks and processes become more prevailing based on unique resources or competences, the paper introduces the missing risk analysis this requires at an architectural and business level.

Topic: Business Strategy and Innovation
Subfield: Strategy and Management
Field: Business, Management and Accounting
Domain: Social Sciences
Quantum Algorithms for Matrix Operations Based on Unitary Transformations and Ancillary State Measurements

MQuantum algorithms of matrix operations are of great significance in many fields in science and technology. In this paper, by leveraging multi-qubit Toffoli gates and basic single-qubit operations, the quantum algorithms of matrix operations of row addition, row swapping, trace calculation and transpose are obtained. In particular, the complexities of these quantum algorithms are presented, too.

Topic: Quantum Computing Algorithms and Architecture
Subfield: Artificial Intelligence
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
176 EXPLORING THE PREVALENCE AND PRESENTATION OF FRAILTY IN AN IRISH EMERGENCY DEPARTMENT – A POINT PREVALENCE STUDY

Abstract Background In Ireland, frailty is routinely identified in the Emergency Department (ED), however its prevalence is not well defined. This contrasts with the prevalence of frailty in the older adult population living in the community setting, where the prevalence of frailty has been defined as 14% in the over 65 population and 33% in the 75 and over (TILDA, 2020). The aim of the study is to explore the prevalence and presentation of frailty in the older adult population attending ED of a model 3 hospital in Ireland. Methods In August 2021, a point prevalence study was undertaken in the ED over 14 days, covering a 24-hour period, applying retrospective documentary and observational data analysis. Measures used to identify frailty included: Think Frailty and Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS) version 2.0. Results 2,582 individuals attended ED over a 2-week period. 22% were aged 65 and over, of which, 37.5% were aged 65 – 74 and 62.5% were aged 75 and over. 60% were admitted and 40% were discharged. Of those identified as living with frailty – 24.8% were identified to be living with severe/very severe frailty (CFS 7 – 8); 19.5% with moderate frailty (CFS 6), and 35.66% with mild/very mild frailty (CFS 4 – 5). The majority of those identified at CFS 1 – 3 were aged 65 – 74. The identified frailty syndromes included, polypharmacy (38.5%), reduced mobility (30.3%), falls (20%), dementia (6%), Delirium (5%), Incontinence (0%). Conclusion The results indicated that 80% of the identified cohort were living with frailty (CFS 4 – 8). Frailty status and advancing age were associated with a longer length of stay in ED and a subsequent admission. Dominant frailty syndromes included polypharmacy and reduced mobility; frailty syndromes such as delirium and incontinence appear to be underrepresented, which may be influenced by the absence of routine identification in the ED.

Topic: Frailty in Older Adults
Subfield: Geriatrics and Gerontology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Effectiveness assessment of the bifidobacteria encapsulation when enriching juice-containing beverages with probiotics

Beverages are among the most popular types of products that attract attention of researchers for enrichment with functional ingredients. The introduction of probiotics into the food matrix can increase the usefulness of food products, including beverages. However, probiotics are extremely sensitive to extreme environmental conditions, which significantly limits their ability to survive in food. The aim of the research is to establish an effect of encapsulation on the preservation of bifidobacteria in an enriched juice-containing beverage. Capsules from sodium alginate were used to protect probiotic microorganisms (bifidobacteria of six strains in the symbiotic starter) from unfavorable conditions of the environment of the food system and the gastrointestinal tract. The capsules were obtained by the drip method. The stability of the capsules was determined under different conditions. Their solubility in water and at pH values typical for the stomach (1.1–1.6), small intestine (7.8–8.2), and large intestine (8.0–8.5) were studied. The tests were carried out upon keeping in buffer solutions for 15 and 30 min. In addition, the stability of the capsules in apple juice with a pH of 3.82 when stored at 4±1°C for 7, 14, 21, and 28 days was assessed. Capsule losses during heat treatment were analyzed. The amount of bifidobacteria extracted from the capsules after mechanical destruction with their subsequent inoculation on the GMK1 medium was also monitored during juice storage. The results of the studies showed that the greatest destructive effect was observed in an acidic environment typical for the stomach, where losses amounted to 47.4% after 30 min. Capsule losses at pH values typical for different parts of the intestine ranged from 25.3 to 30.9%. The selected food system, apple juice, turned out to be a less aggressive environment for the capsules, in which the destruction of capsules was 8.7% after 28 days of storage. Capsule losses under the selected juice pasteurization modes ranged from 60.17% during processing for 10 minutes at 85°C to 67.42% during juice processing for 30 minutes at 98°C. The differences were statistically significant (p≤0.05). Thus, using the obtained data, it is possible to predict the total loss of capsules and probiotic microorganisms during the digestion and storage of the product and inoculate the required amount to impart probiotic properties to the product. The research has development prospects taking into account the possibility of varying the taste and aroma properties of both the food system and the capsules.

Topic: Food Industry and Aquatic Biology
Subfield: Food Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Juvenile Xanthogranuloma of the Hand

A case of juvenile xanthogranuloma in the hand is reported. The lesion was atypical clinically, being sited in the hand and the tumour was so large that it extended from the palmar to the dorsal surface. Curettage was performed at seven weeks after birth and histological examination established a diagnosis of juvenile xanthogranuloma. The post-operative course was uneventful, and the residual lesion had disappeared spontaneously four years after operation.

Topic: Histiocytic Disorders and Treatments
Subfield: Physiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Chinese consumers’ behavior and preference to table grapes

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to analyze and identify Chinese consumers’ behavior and preference characters toward table grapes, especially to explore the variance of consumption preference in recent five years. Design/methodology/approach – Two representative China-wide questionnaire surveys were conducted by face-to-face and online questionnaire survey, respectively, in 2009 and 2014. Comparative study was adopted to dig the changes of consumers’ preferences and habits. ANOVA was adopted to explore the statistically difference among consumers’ behavior and preferences. Findings – The results indicate that Chinese consumers are rational-motivation-driven grape consumers, they prefer to sweet taste, seedless and medium priced grapes. Safety and quality characters (clean appearance, freshness and taste) were ranked as the most important grape attributes. As a whole, it was found that consumers are more quality-focussed and safety-conscious five years later, so some variances was showed in their purchase habits and preferences, such as the choice of purchase place, attitude to special grapes and willingness to pay to safe and genetically modified grapes. Originality/value – This research not only indicates some stable preferences of Chinese consumers toward table grape, but also finds out some significant changes in consumers’ behavior before and after five years based on a comparative study in 2009 and 2014.

Topic: Wine Industry and Tourism
Subfield: Tourism, Leisure and Hospitality Management
Field: Business, Management and Accounting
Domain: Social Sciences
BLADE: Filter Learning for General Purpose Image Processing

The Rapid and Accurate Image Super Resolution (RAISR) method of Romano, Isidoro, and Milanfar is a computationally efficient image upscaling method using a trained set of filters. We describe a generalization of RAISR, which we name Best Linear Adaptive Enhancement (BLADE). This approach is a trainable edge-adaptive filtering framework that is general, simple, computationally efficient, and useful for a wide range of image processing problems. We show applications to denoising, compression artifact removal, demosaicing, and approximation of anisotropic diffusion equations.

Topic: Image and Signal Denoising Methods
Subfield: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
The potential role of polyploidy and hybridisation in the further evolution of the highly invasive <i>Fallopia</i> taxa in Europe

Abstract Japanese knotweed s.l . comprises Fallopia japonica , F. sachalinensis , F . × bohemica and any F2s or backcrosses. The parental taxa were introduced from the East to the West as garden ornamentals in the nineteenth century, and soon spread beyond the confines of the garden to become widespread and persistent weeds. Since only female F . japonica var. japonica was introduced, its impressive spread has occurred solely by vegetative means. However, the initial lack of genetic variability has been complemented by an extensive series of hybridisations in the adventive range. We examine the history, spread, reproductive biology and ecological impact of these species in the West. The role and importance of polyploidy and hybridisation in their invasion of the West is discussed, as are the implications of these factors for the potential further evolution of the group.

Topic: Plant and animal studies
Subfield: Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Role of bradykinin and prostaglandin EP4 receptors in regulating TRPV1 channel sensitization in rat dorsal root ganglion neurons

Abstract Transient receptor potential vanilloid type‐1 (TRPV1) channels play key roles in chronic pain conditions and are modulated by different inflammatory mediators to elicit heat sensitisation. Bradykinin is a 9‐amino acid peptide chain that promotes inflammation. The aim of present study is to investigate how bradykinin and prostaglandin receptors (EP 3 and EP 4 ) modulate the sensitisation of TRPV1‐mediated responses. Calcium imaging studies of rat dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons were employed to investigate the desensitizing responses of TRPV1 ion channels by capsaicin, and the re‐sensitization of TRPV1 by bradykinin, then to explore the role EP 3 and EP 4 receptors in mediating these bradykinin‐dependent effects. Immunocytochemistry was used to study the co‐expression and distribution of EP4, TRPV1, COX‐1 and B2 in rat DRG neurons. Desensitization was seen upon repeated capsaicin application, we show that bradykinin‐mediated sensitization of capsaicin‐evoked calcium responses in rat DRG neurons occurs is dependent on COX‐1 activity and utilizes a pathway that involves EP 4 but not EP 3 receptors. Immunocytochemical techniques revealed that EP4, TRPV1, COX‐1 and B2 proteins are expressed mainly in small diameter (&lt;1000 μm 2 ) cell bodies of rat DRG neurons which are typically nociceptors. The present study provides suggestive evidence for a potential signalling pathway through which bradykinin may regulate TRPV1 ion channel function via EP4 receptors. In addition to confirming existing knowledge, the anatomical distribution and colocalization of these proteins in DRG neurons as revealed by this study offer valuable insight.

Topic: Ion Channels and Receptors
Subfield: Sensory Systems
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences
ChemInform Abstract: Functionalized Carbocyclic Rings via Intramolecular Diels—Alder Reactions of in situ Generated, γ Substituted, Heteroatom‐Stabilized Allyl Cations in Acidic Polar Media.

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.

Topic: Asymmetric Synthesis and Catalysis
Subfield: Organic Chemistry
Field: Chemistry
Domain: Physical Sciences
Phytotoxicity evaluation and phytochemical analysis of three medicinally important plants from Pakistan

This work examines the crude methanolic extracts of three medicinally important plants native to Pakistan for potent phytotoxic activities and important phytochemicals. These plants include Euphorbia wallichii, Bergenia ciliata and Phytolacca latbenia. The phytotoxic effects were checked at 10,000, 1000, and 100 µg/ml against two economically important standard target species, Triticum aestivum (monocot representative) and Brassica napus (dicot representative). The phytotoxicity effects on seed germination, seedling growth and seedling weight were checked. A simple, cost-effective in vitro phytotoxicity assay (that uses petri plates) was used to evaluate the allelopathic properties of crude extracts. At highest concentration, extracts from all the three plants showed phytotoxic activities such that P. latbenia &gt; E. wallichii &gt; B. ciliata. In seedling growth, root length was affected more than shoot length, whereas among the target species B. napus was found to be more sensitive towards extracts when compared with T. aestivum. Phytochemical analysis showed that P. latbenia is rich in saponins and terpenoids, while E. wallichii and B. ciliata are rich in tannins, terpenoids and cardiac glycoside. P. latbenia also carries a moderate amount of cardiac glycosides.

Topic: Allelopathy and phytotoxic interactions
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
A Computer-Based Study of Scales on the Kazakh <i>Dombra</i> and <i>Kyl-Kobyz</i>

This article addresses the pitches, intervals, and scales of the dombra and kyl-kobyz , the most prominent two-stringed lutes of the Kazakh people (see figure 1). The dombra has tied-on frets and is plucked; in the past the strings were made from gut, but now they are made from artificial string (usually fishing line). The kyl-kobyz is a bowed, fretless lute with horsehair strings. Both instruments have an important place in the music culture of the Kazakh people. The dombra is one of the most important cultural symbols of Kazakhstan. In the lives of the Kazakh nomads of the past and present, no family celebration was complete without it, and today it is featured at public holiday and observances. The tones of the dombra— warm and velvety, like the sounds of their native language—are familiar to every Kazakh from childhood. Whereas the dombra is ubiquitous in the Republic of Kazakhstan, the sphere of the kobyz is more limited. It belongs to the category of sacred instruments, and in the past it was the province of baksy (the Kazakh term for healers and shamans). As a consequence, during the Soviet era the instrument was forgotten for ideological reasons. Only since the 1960s and 1970s has the kyl-kobyz tradition been revived.

Topic: Diverse Musicological Studies
Subfield: Music
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Quercus robur as a Potential Cd Phytostabilizator

Pedunculate oak (Quercus robur L.) is one of the most important forest tree species in Europe, from both economic and ecological perspectives. Several studies indicate the possibility of using different species of the genus Quercus for afforestation of lands affected by industry, including trace-element polluted areas. The main objective of this research was to determine the Cd accumulation patterns of pedunculate oak seedlings subjected to various Cd treatments. Differences in Cd accumulation ability, mineral nutrients concentrations and observed damage upon Cd treatment of plants derived from different regions of origin are discussed. Obtained results suggest the possible use of pedunculate oak in cadmium phytostabilization.

Topic: Aluminum toxicity and tolerance in plants and animals
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Physician-Investigator/Patient-Subject: Exploring the Logic and the Tension

Journal Article Physician-Investigator/Patient-Subject: Exploring the Logic and the Tension Get access Larry R. Churchill Larry R. Churchill Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar The Journal of Medicine and Philosophy: A Forum for Bioethics and Philosophy of Medicine, Volume 5, Issue 3, September 1980, Pages 215–224, https://doi.org/10.1093/jmp/5.3.215 Published: 01 September 1980

Topic: Ethics in medical practice
Subfield: General Health Professions
Field: Health Professions
Domain: Health Sciences
Underwater 3D Reconstruction Based on Geometric Transformation of Sonar and Depth Information

3D reconstruction is of vital importance to detect and monitor the underwater environment. A method based on geometric transformation of mechanical scanning sonar and depth information is proposed, in which the point cloud data from sonar and depth gauge are acquired to reconstruct the underwater 3D environment. However, noise and interference can affect the measurement of sonar, and movement of sonar during measurement can lead to distortion of the received data. Meanwhile, translation and rotation movement of sonar head may happen when ROV dives which can lead to different body reference coordinates of different scanning. To solve this, pre-processing and motion compensation are implemented at first, and underwater matching correction algorithm is used to calculate the translation and rotation of the sonar head. Then the inverse operation is implemented to convert the scan data of every depth into the same coordinate reference system. Finally, surface reconstruction of point clouds from sonar the depth information are used to reconstruct underwater environment based on MLS (Moving Least Square Method) using PCL (Point Cloud Library). Water tank experiments verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.

Topic: Robotics and Sensor-Based Localization
Subfield: Aerospace Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Purification andCharacterization ofanEscherichia coli Shiga-Like ToxinIIVariant

AShiga-like toxin IIvariant waspurified tohomogeneity fromEscherichia coli TB1(pCG6), whichcontained thetoxin genes cloned inmulticopy plasmid pUC18.Thepurification scheme involved polymyxin Bextraction ofthetoxin frombacterial cells, followed bydifferential (NH4)2SO4 precipitation, anion- andcation-exchange fast-protein liquid chromatography, andimmunoaffinity exclusion chromatography. Sodiumdodecyl sulfatepolyacrylamide gelelectrophoresis ofpurified toxin revealed three protein bandsthat migrated withcalculated molecular weights of33,000, 27,500, and7,500. Thesebandscorrespond tovalues fortheA,A1,andB subunits, respectively, that wouldbeexpected onthebasis ofthenucleotide sequence andcomparison withdata forShigatoxin andotherShiga-like toxins. Electrophoresis undernonreducing conditions resulted in disappearance ofthe27,000-molecular-weight band.Western blot(immunoblot) analysis revealed three protein bandswithmolecular weights of33,000, 27,500, and7,500. Thepurified toxin induced typical signs of edemadisease inpigsinjected intravenously withdoses assmall as3ng/kg ofbodyweight. The50%cytotoxic doses forVero,PK15,andMadin-Darby bovine andcanine kidney cells were0.5,2.0,8.0,and8.0pg, respectively. The50% lethal doseofpurified toxin formicewas0.9pgbytheintraperitoneal route. Approximately 75,ugofpurified toxin wasrequired toinduce a1-ml/cm fluid response inrabbit ileal loops. Antiserum totheShiga-like toxin IIvariant neutralized homologous toxin, Shiga-like toxin II,andVerotoxin 2butnotShiga-like toxin I.

Topic: Escherichia coli research studies
Subfield: Endocrinology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences