jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Choice of Refugees: Economy or Polity?

The direction of the refugee flow in Europe through the “European Refugee Crisis” is an important source of discussion because of its pattern since some countries are receiving extraordinarily high volumes of refugees while some others having more asylum applications. To understand the dynamics of the flow we asked the following research question: “Is the GDP per capita or the level of polity a better predictor for asylum seekers’ choice of some of the European Union countries.” Our hypothesis was “the polity level is a better predicter for asylum seekers’ country choice.” For this project, we used data for numbers of refugees and asylum seekers according to their arrival countries from “United Nations High Commissioners for Refugees” web site, GDP per capita data from “International Monetary Fund” website “and statistics on the democracy level of the countries from “The Economist Journal.” The data we used were primarily obtained from quantitative evidence analysis processes. We evaluated the data through linear regression analysis to explain whether the correlation between asylum application and GDP per capita is higher than the correlation between asylum application and polity level of the related country. Our findings indicate that the refugee flow cannot be easily labeled as “economic migration.” The first country where the refugees arrived or the one which gets the highest volume does not always receive more asylum applications than the others. The refugees keep on moving towards different countries even after they got the basic protection they desired, however, it is not always towards a more prosperous country but also to a country with a higher level of democracy.

Topic: Migration and Labor Dynamics
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Survival of endophyte-free perennial ryegrass after autumn spray/ drilling in the Waikato

The persistence of an endophyte-free ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) pasture established by autumn spray/drilling was studied over two years at the Dairying Research Corporation, Hamilton. Main plots were sprayed with glyphosate at 1.44 kg a.i./ ha (4 l/ha of Roundup G2) in mid March 1996 (S), or mid March and again in mid April (D). White clover (Trifolium repens L.) was removed from half the area of each main plot using herbicide and the remainder was drilled with white clover. All plots were direct drilled with endophyte-free peren-nial ryegrass in late April. Plots were rotationally grazed by dairy cows. Double spraying killed germinating volunteer ryegrass, Poa species and weeds, almost doubling the ryegrass content of D compared with S plots in the first winter/spring, and maintaining an advantage over the first year from drilling. Plants were larger in D than S over the first winter/spring, contributing to about a 10% improvement in their survival, reducing to about 5% by March 1998. Sown-plant densities were 200-250/m2 by April 1998, similar to those found in high-endophyte pastures. Double spraying reduced the clover content of +Cl plots to similar levels as those in -Cl plots, lowering the potential herbage accumulation for D. Double spraying before drilling had a transitory effect on seasonal herbage accumulation, and no effect on overall herbage accumulation. Keywords: dairy pastures, endophyte, persistence, plant competition, ryegrass, tillering, white clover

Topic: Plant and fungal interactions
Subfield: Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Partial inhibition of hemocyte agglutination by Lathyrus odoratus lectin in Crassotrea virginica infected with Perkinsus marinus

Quantitative determinations of agglutination of hemocytes from oysters, Crassostrea virginica, by the Lathyrus odoratus lectin at five concentrations revealed that clumping of hemocytes from oysters infected with Perkinsus marinus is partially inhibited. Although the nature of the hemocyte surface saccharide, which is not D(+)-glucose, D(+)mannose, or alpha-methyl-D-mannoside, remains to be determined, it may be concluded that this molecule also occurs on the surface of P. marinus. It has been demonstrated that the panning technique (Ford et al. 1990) is qualitatively as effective for determining the presence of P. marinus in C. virginica as the hemolymph assay method (Gauthier & Fisher 1990).

Topic: Studies on Chitinases and Chitosanases
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
FACTORS INFLUENCING FARMERS’ CROP CHOICE IN HOOGHLY DISTRICT: A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW

Agriculture is an important sector that sustains human life and supports economies worldwide. The selection of crops by farmers is a multifaceted decision process, influenced by a numerous of factors ranging from environmental conditions to economic considerations and sociocultural factors. This article presents a comprehensive review of the key factors influencing farmers' crop choice in Hooghly district of West Bengal under New Alluvial Agro-climatic Zone, drawing insights from various studies and research conducted across different regions and agricultural systems. Understanding these factors can contribute to the development of informed policies and strategies to enhance agricultural productivity and food security in a changing world.

Topic: Agricultural Economics and Practices
Subfield: General Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
A method for evaluating the reliability of protection

This paper presents a model for evaluating the reliability of substation actions after transmission grid faults. The model uses event and fault trees and later on it will be a part of the reliability model of the whole transmission grid. A comparison of different line protection systems by using the substation reliability model is included.

Topic: Power System Reliability and Maintenance
Subfield: Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
The van der Waals theory of nematic liquids

This paper describes the van der Waals theory of nematic liquids, an approximate molecular theory in which very short-range intermolecular repulsions are approximated by hard-rod exclusions, and somewhat longer-ranged intermolecular attractions are subject to a self-consistent mean-field treatment. The rationale, underlying assumptions, idealizations and approximations of the theory are presented in detail and the numerical results so far reported are summarized, together with the results of extensive new calculations, which provide a quite accurate test of the theory in its present state. Finally, the current status of the theory, its relative strengths and weaknesses, and the prospects for extending and improving it are discussed.

Topic: Liquid Crystal Research Advancements
Subfield: Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
195-OR: The Ubiquitin-Ligase Substrate Adaptor KCTD17 Controls β-Cell Compensation to Insulin Resistance in Type 2 Diabetes

Introduction and Objective: Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is closely linked to insulin resistance and loss of functional β-cell mass. However, not all insulin-resistant individuals develop T2D. We aimed to investigate the transcriptomic and m6A RNA methylation modifications in β-cells during their successful adaptation to insulin resistance (IR). Methods: We performed mRNA-seq on sorted β-cells from mouse models with graded compensation to IR: (a) a dietary model (HFD), (b) a genetic model (LIRKO, liver-specific insulin receptor KO on chow), and (c) a combined model (LIRKO on a HFD) (n=86 mice). We correlated transcriptomic data with β-cell compensation readouts, and integrated these findings with scRNA-seq datasets from human β-cells with/without T2D. Additionally, we conducted m6A-seq in these mouse islets (n=155 mice). Results: Our analyses identified the ubiquitin-ligase substrate adaptor KCTD17 as a key regulator of β-cell adaptation. Expression of KCTD17 positively correlated with increased β-cell function and mass in mouse models but was downregulated at both mRNA and protein levels in human T2D β-cells. KCTD17 KD in human β-cells increased apoptosis and impaired GSIS. Transcriptomic analysis of KCTD17 KD cells revealed dysregulated pathways linked to β-cell function and identity. Antibody-microarray analysis showed reductions in MAPK and insulin signaling. Co-immunoprecipitation experiments demonstrated that KCTD17 binds and regulates the degradation of clathrin, a key player in insulin receptor internalization. m6A-seq revealed differential methylation of chromatin-modifying enzymes during β-cell compensation. Supporting this, ATAC-seq data from human T2D islets showed decreased chromatin accessibility at the KCTD17 locus. Conclusion: These findings position KCTD17 as a novel regulator of β-cells, and demonstrate the importance of m6A methylation in chromatin remodeling and transcriptional regulation during β-cell adaptation to IR. Disclosure D.F. De Jesus: None. N.K. Brown: None. Z. Zhang: None. G. Fogarty: None. J. Wei: None. J. Hu: None. S. Kahraman: Employee; Boehringer-Ingelheim. A. El Ouaamari: None. E. Dirice: None. C. He: None. R. Kulkarni: Advisory Panel; Novo Nordisk, Biomea Fusion, REDD Pharma, Inversago Pharma. Research Support; Inversago Pharma. Stock/Shareholder; Biomea Fusion. Funding NIH (R01 DK067536, UC4 DK116278, RC2 DK139552, and K99 DK135927)

Topic: Pancreatic function and diabetes
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Beaver Damming and Palsa Dynamics in a Subarctic Mountainous Environment, Wolf Creek, Yukon Territory, Canada

Abstract The growth, longevity, and decay of mineral-cored palsas at an altitudinal treeline site in the southern Yukon all appear to be significantly affected by the activities of beaver (Castor canadensis). The palsas are composed of stratified, fine-grained, organic-rich, frost-susceptible deposits, which are interpreted as originating from sedimentation in beaver ponds. Peat development, which is a precondition for mound formation, takes place in the adjacent wetland, in part due to poor drainage because of dams. Palsa degradation over the past 55 yr preferentially followed flooding due to dam construction. Drainage of ponds by dam breach was succeeded by mound formation in aggrading permafrost. Unlike previous studies, therefore, it is impossible to infer a clear climate signal from palsa dynamics at this location.

Topic: Ecology and biodiversity studies
Subfield: Ecology
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Micropattern-mediated apical guidance accelerates epithelial cell migration to improve healing around percutaneous gastrostomy tubes

Abstract Hypergranulation, bacterial infection, and device dislodgment are common complications associated with percutaneous gastronomy (PG) tube placement for enteral feeding largely attributable to delayed stoma tract maturation around the device. Stoma tract maturation is a wound-healing process that requires collective and complete migration of an advancing epithelial layer. While it is widely accepted that micropatterned surfaces enhance cell migration when cells are cultured directly on the substrate, few studies have investigated the influence of apical contact guidance from micropatterned surfaces on cell migration, as occurs during stoma tract formation. Here, we developed 2D and 3D in vitro epithelial cell migration assays to test the effect of various Sharklet micropatterns on apically-guided cell migration. The 2D modified scratch wound assay identified a Sharklet micropattern (+10SK50×50) that enhanced apical cell migration by 4-fold ( p = 0.0105) compared to smooth controls over the course of seven days. The best-performing micropattern was then applied to cylindrical prototypes with the same outer diameter as a pediatric PG tube. These prototypes were evaluated in the novel 3D migration assay where magnetic levitation aggregated cells around prototypes to create an artificial stoma. Results indicated a 50% increase ( p &lt; 0.0001) in cell migration after seven days along Sharklet-micropatterned prototypes compared to smooth controls. The Sharklet micropattern enhanced apically-guided epithelial cell migration in both 2D and 3D in vitro assays. These data suggest that the incorporation of a Sharklet micropattern onto the surface of a PG tube may accelerate cell migration via apical contact, improve stoma tract maturation, and reduce skin-associated complications.

Topic: Clinical Nutrition and Gastroenterology
Subfield: Nutrition and Dietetics
Field: Nursing
Domain: Health Sciences
Extreme Fractional crystallization of a basaltic magma: The stillwater igneous complex

An abstract is here presented of the writer's investigations since 1935. This research is part of a large project involving the detailed study of the Stillwater Complex being carried out by Peoples, Howland, Sampson, and the writer, which will be prepared for publication during 1939. The investigations of the writer's colleagues started in 1930. It was known in 1935 that the Stillwater Complex was a huge concordant sheet or lopolith which had differentiated by settling of crystals, layer upon layer. This sheet has been turned up on end and bevelled across by erosion. The floor is exposed and approximately 17,000 feet of banded rocks above the floor, but the top of the Complex and roof are covered by Paleozoics.

Topic: Geological and Geochemical Analysis
Subfield: Geophysics
Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences
Domain: Physical Sciences
Mycotic keratitis caused by<i>Curvularia lunata</i>case report

Journal Article Mycotic keratitis caused by Curvularia lunata case report Get access K. Nityananda, K. Nityananda Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar P. Sivasubramaniam, P. Sivasubramaniam Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar L. Ajello L. Ajello Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Sabouraudia, Volume 2, Issue 1, January 1963, Pages 35–39, https://doi.org/10.1080/00362176385190091 Published: 01 January 1963

Topic: Nail Diseases and Treatments
Subfield: Epidemiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Modeling Diabetes Risk Factors (A Case Study of Focus Medical Centre in Kiambu, Kenya 2016)

This study sought to model risk factors of diabetes (A case study of Focus Medical Center in Kiambu, Kenya) for the year 2016. We considered sample of size 181 patients and carried descriptive statistics, bivariate analysis, Chi-Square test and Hosmer and Lemeshow test. The independence test between response variable (diabetes) and predictor variables (age, obesity, alcohol, smoking and hypertension) was carried. The variables age, obesity, alcohol and hypertension were found to be statistically significant at α =0.05 level of significant. A multiple logistic regression model was fitted and the fitted regression model indicated that the predictor variables age, obesity and alcohol were statistically significant. The results of the odds ratios show that age, obesity and alcohol consumption are positively associated with diabetes. The fitted reduced multiple logistic regression model was subjected to an overall goodness-of-fit test and results indicate that there is no significant difference between the observed and predicted probability. Based on the results of this study, we recommend that special attention should be given to individuals advanced in age, consume alcohol or who are obese for screening as there is a high possibility of testing positive for diabetes for health care givers to monitor and manage the condition. Further, healthy lifestyles should be promoted among the general population and in particular, the diabetic patients to increase the chance of properly managing the condition. A further study ought to be conducted to assess treatment interventions of diabetes to ascertain the effectiveness and recommend the best medication for patients suffering from diabetes.

Topic: Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
Subfield: Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Hearing loss with two pathogenic &lt;i&gt;SLC26A4&lt;/i&gt; variants and positive thyroid autoantibody: A case report

<i>SLC26A4</i> causes Pendred syndrome (PS) and nonsyndromic hearing loss. PS is distinguished based on perchlorate discharge test abnormality, goiter, and hypothyroidism in some patients. The pathophysiology of thyroid dysfunction in PS differs from that of autoimmune thyroid disease, in that it is considered to be caused by an iodide organification defect. It is believed that both diseases may incidentally coexist, and that <i>SLC26A4</i> may play an important role in the etiology of autoimmune thyroid disease. Herein, we describe a case of a girl with hearing loss who had two pathogenic <i>SLC26A4</i> variants and tested positive for thyroid peroxidase (TPO) antibody. She was diagnosed with hearing loss and vestibular aqueduct enlargement at the age of 4 yr. Deafness gene screening revealed two pathogenic <i>SLC26A4</i> variants. As <i>SLC26A4</i> variants can cause PS, the patient underwent thorough thyroid examination. Her thyroid gland was within the physiological range of mild enlargement. Although thyroid function test results were normal, the patient tested positive for TPO antibody. The patient was diagnosed with "suspected PS" and "suspected Hashimoto's thyroiditis," both of which increase the risk of developing hypothyroidism. Evaluating the comorbidity of Hashimoto's thyroiditis with the <i>SLC26A4</i> variant in terms of complications is critical.

Topic: Hearing, Cochlea, Tinnitus, Genetics
Subfield: Sensory Systems
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences
Zooming in Too Far? Micro Data and the Study of Political Violence

The increasing availability of micro data has been heralded as a huge boon in the field of political science. The quantitative study of topics such as the effects of political violence in developing countries have historically been nearly impossible due to limited availability of data. Now this and other phenomena can be quantified and analyzed at a much finer level. While we applaud the use of new data to explore these topics, in this paper we find that micro data is not always better when studying political violence. Using survey data from more than 4,000 Indonesian villages in the province of Aceh, we analyze the effect of political violence on population changes. Our findings suggest that highly-localized violence (at the village level) may not necessarily be a good predictor of village-level population changes, but that general violence at the sub district level is correlated with changes in the village-level population. We argue that this supports the use of a theoretically motivated level of aggregation in the study of political violence.

Topic: Southeast Asian Sociopolitical Studies
Subfield: Political Science and International Relations
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
$F$-pure and $F$-injective singularities in equal characteristic zero

Inspired by Schoutens' results, we introduce a variant of sharp $F$-purity and sharp $F$-injectivity in equal characteristic zero via ultraproducts. As an application, we show that if $R\to S$ is pure and $S$ is of dense $F$-pure type, then $R$ is of dense $F$-pure type.

Topic: Algebraic Geometry and Number Theory
Subfield: Geometry and Topology
Field: Mathematics
Domain: Physical Sciences
Animal Models of Vascular Cognitive Disorder after Myocardial Infarction: Scoping Review

Vascular cognitive disorders (VCD) are one of the most common forms of non-psychotic mental disorders with a variable phenotype and rate of progression, transformation into vascular dementia. VCD is characterized by development against the background of existing cardiovascular diseases (CVD), which explains the importance of an interdisciplinary approach to their diagnosis and treatment. The study of new mechanisms of development of VCD can help in finding the key to the development of innovative diagnostic methods and personalized treatment approaches. The purpose of this thematic review is to search, generalize and systematize domestic and foreign research in the field of fundamental neurology using methods of modeling VCD in experimental animals. The authors conducted a search for publications in the databases PubMed, Springer, Web of Science, Clinical Keys, Scopus, Oxford Press, Cochrane, e-Library using keywords and their combinations. The publications for 2005-2024 were analyzed, including original studies of VCD and vascular dementia.

Topic: Neurological Disease Mechanisms and Treatments
Subfield: Neurology
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences
Assessment of risks of feline mismatched transfusion and neonatal isoerythrolysis in the Lyon (France) area

Objectives The aims of this study were to update the prevalence of different feline blood types in the Lyon (France) area, as well as to determine the risk of mismatched transfusion (MT) and neonatal isoerythrolysis (NI) in kittens with parents of unknown blood type. Methods Blood samples were obtained from blood donor cats and cats admitted to an intensive care unit in Lyon. AB blood typing was performed using an immunochromatographic strip. The risk of MT was estimated by adding the risk of a major transfusion reaction and the risk of a minor transfusion reaction. The risk of NI was estimated according the equation (p²)(q²) + 2pq(q²), with q being the b allele frequency and p = 1 – q. The results were analysed by absolute and relative frequency analysis and multivariate analysis. Results The cohort study population included 320 non-pedigree cats and 37 pedigree cats. The prevalence of blood types A, B and AB was 84.3%, 14.0% and 1.7%, respectively. Considering non-pedigree cats, the prevalence of types A, B and AB was 83.7%, 14.4% and 1.9%, respectively. There were no significant differences of blood type distribution by sex ( P = 0.73) or by breed ( P = 0.90). Based on these percentages, the risks of MT and NI in non-pedigree cats were 24.3% and 12.3%, respectively. Conclusions and relevance The prevalence of type B cats is high in the Lyon area and associated with high risks of MT and NI. These results confirm the importance of performing blood typing prior to any blood transfusion or mating.

Topic: Blood groups and transfusion
Subfield: Hematology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Rabelais among the Censors (1940s, 1540s)

Research Article| October 01 1990 Rabelais among the Censors (1940s, 1540s) Natalie Zemon Davis Natalie Zemon Davis Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Representations (1990) 32: 1–32. https://doi.org/10.2307/2928793 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Natalie Zemon Davis; Rabelais among the Censors (1940s, 1540s). Representations 1 October 1990; 32 1–32. doi: https://doi.org/10.2307/2928793 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentRepresentations Search This content is only available via PDF. Copyright 1990 The Regents of the University of California Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.

Topic: Renaissance Literature and Culture
Subfield: Classics
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
LHD firdac #178306.1

Line integrated electron density (neL) and its profile calculated from raw data of FIR laser interferometers, FIR1, FIR2, and FIR3. Time resolution is basically 10 milli-second, and the time axis array is stored in the last, i.e. 14th channel.

Topic: Analytical Chemistry and Sensors
Subfield: Bioengineering
Field: Chemical Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences