jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
STOCK MARKET RISE: Biotech stocks far outpace chemical

RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNewsNEXTSTOCK MARKET RISE: Biotech stocks far outpace chemicalANN THAYERCite this: Chem. Eng. News 1992, 70, 2, 4Publication Date (Print):January 13, 1992Publication History Published online10 November 2010Published inissue 13 January 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cen-v070n002.p004https://doi.org/10.1021/cen-v070n002.p004newsACS PublicationsCopyright © 1992 AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETYArticle Views2Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options SUBJECTS:Biotechnology,Inorganic carbon compounds Get e-Alerts

Topic: Biotechnology and Related Fields
Subfield: Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
[Improving the Efficiency and Safety of Human CCR5 Gene Editing by Selection of Optimal Guide RNAs for SpCAS9 and CAS12A].

Advances in CRISPR/Cas-mediated genome editing have opened up treatment alternatives for many human diseases, including HIV infection. Knockout of the CCR5 gene as a potential way to treat HIV infection has long been studied. Here we analyzed guide RNAs for SpCas9 and AsCas12a nucleases targeting CCR5 gene which had been previously studied and selected the most effective among them. We also designed novel guide RNAs for the same nucleases using bioinformatics resources. We compared the efficiency of target site cleavage for all selected gRNAs using three nucleases: wt SpCas9, SpCas9-HF1-plus, and AsCas12a, as well as their off- target activities. We demonstrated that among the tested guide RNAs two for SpCas9- HF1-plus and three for AsCas12a exhibited high cleavage activity, cutting CCR5 gene in 60-72% of cells, and had off-target activities below the limit of detection. Thus, these guide RNAs may be candidates for future development of gene therapies against HIV infection.

Topic: RNA modifications and cancer
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Karakter Kepemimpinan Katolik dalam Bingkai Teori 5 Level Kepemimpinan John C. Maxwell

Effective leadership is crucial in every organization, including within the context of the Catholic Church. This study aims to analyze the character of Catholic leadership within the framework of John C. Maxwell's 5 Levels of Leadership Theory. The approach used in this research is descriptive-analytical, which seeks to explain how Maxwell's five levels of leadership Position, Permission, Production, People Development, and Pinnacle can be adapted to Catholic leadership. The study finds that each level of leadership has strong relevance in shaping better Catholic leadership character, with a focus on values such as service, integrity, and community development of faith. The implementation of this theory enables an increase in effectiveness in leading both the congregation and Catholic institutions as a whole.

Topic: Contemporary Christian Leadership and Education
Subfield: Religious studies
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Explainable AI for Non-Experts: Energy Tariff Forecasting

Non-expert users are increasingly affected by the decisions of systems that rely on machine learning (ML), yet it is often difficult for these users to understand the predictions of ML models. In this paper, we propose a web-based platform to evaluate explainable AI (XAI) for non-experts in the context of time series forecasting, focusing on energy price predictions as an exemplary use case. The XAI methods we consider include local feature importance and counterfactual explanations. The platform relies on gamification to encourage user engagement. Our research objective is to evaluate the effectiveness of these different approaches from the perspective of non-expert understanding of machine learning models.

Topic: Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI)
Subfield: Artificial Intelligence
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
BVI photometry of M15 stars (Feuillet+, 2014)

M15 was observed during three observing runs in 2002 November, 2003 September, and 2004 September using the Hiltner 2.4m telescope at the MDM Observatory at Kitt Peak, AZ. All frames were taken using the Echelle camera, a 2048x2048 pixel camera with a field of view of approximately 9'x9'.

Topic: Yersinia bacterium, plague, ectoparasites research
Subfield: Genetics
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Pain severity, coping and satisfaction with life in patients with chronic pain

AbstractAbstractObjectives: The primary study aim was to determine whether or not a statistically significant relationship exists between pain severity and satisfaction with life in patients with chronic pain. The second aim was to explore the extent to which coping responses might influence this relationship.Design: A cross-sectional non-experimental research design was employed.Setting and subjects: A sample of 172 adults suffering from chronic pain was recruited from the outpatient clinic at the Pain Control Unit at Universitas Hospital in Bloemfontein.Outcome measures: Participants completed measures of pain severity (Pain Severity Scale of the West-Haven-Yale Multidimensional Pain Inventory), satisfaction with life (Satisfaction with Life Scale) and coping responses (Coping Responses Inventory-Adult version).Analysis: Pearson correlation coefficients were calculated between the measures of pain severity and satisfaction with life. Regression analyses were employed to explore the effect of coping responses on the relationship between pain severity and satisfaction with life.Results: A statistically significant negative correlation was apparent between pain severity and satisfaction with life. Approach coping was found to moderate the relationship between pain severity and satisfaction with life, while avoidance coping appeared to have no significant effect on this relationship. The relationship between pain severity and satisfaction with life appears to change as a function of the level of approach coping exhibited by individuals suffering from chronic pain.Conclusion: Satisfaction with life significantly correlates with pain severity in patients with chronic pain. Approach coping moderates this relationship.Keywords: chronic painapproach copingavoidance copingsatisfaction with lifepain severity

Topic: Musculoskeletal pain and rehabilitation
Subfield: Pharmacology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
[The role of the prefrontal cortex in the sensory problems of children with autism spectrum disorder and its involvement in social aspects].

Sensory-motor problems at an early age correspond to a disruption in the organisation and regulation not only of perception and action but also language, thought, emotion and even memory.

Topic: Developmental and Educational Neuropsychology
Subfield: Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Designing the sensory profile of sugarcane juice extracted from different cultivars

Abstract The raw material cultivar of sugarcane may significantly influence juice quality. This study was primarily conducted to design the sensory profile of pasteurized cane juice extracted from eight cultivars of raw material. Hedonic tests, Quantitative descriptive analysis (QDA), and check‐all‐that‐apply (CATA) techniques were performed. The juice batches were treated at 85°C/30 s, cooled to 10°C and ultra clean filled into plastic bottles. Microbiological and physicochemical assays and instrumental measurement of color parameters were carried out to feature the end product and assure its safety. Juice samples from different cultivars were discriminated in relation to their color, sugarcane flavor, sweet taste, and body in the QDA. The findings demonstrated that juice from different cultivars were similar, except for color, sweet odor, and sugarcane flavor. Such attributes played a crucial role for appearance and flavor acceptability. In CATA technique, the panelists discriminated the juice's cultivars in most of the sensory descriptors. The attributes of “rapadura” (juice candy) odor, “sweet” odor, “strong rapadura” odor, and “light/bright” color are desirable in cane juice because they increase its acceptability. Practical Applications This research paper describes the sensory profile for pasteurized sugarcane juice extracted from different cultivars of raw material. The cane cultivar has a great impact on the juice's quality and shelf life. The findings herein reported can be utilized by the emerging cane juice industry for effective choice of raw material cultivar as well as to perform the juice's processing.

Topic: Sensory Analysis and Statistical Methods
Subfield: Food Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Tax Havens and Effective Tax Rates: An Analysis of Private versus Public European Firms

We examine the impact of tax haven operations on the effective corporate tax burdens of publicly listed and privately held firms domiciled in Europe. In particular, we consider how European firms' tax haven operations interact with factors such as listing status and home-country tax reporting systems to determine the relative tax burdens of publicly listed and private firms. Our main empirical results show that tax haven operations are associated with lower effective tax rates for both private and public firms, and that the impact of tax havens in lowering effective tax rates is more pronounced for private firms than for public firms. Home country characteristics are also important determinants of effective tax rates for both private and public firms with tax havens. Given that firms use tax havens as tax avoidance mechanism in lowering tax burdens regardless of their listing status, regulatory and tax enforcement bodies should focus on private as well as public firms.

Topic: Corporate Taxation and Avoidance
Subfield: Accounting
Field: Business, Management and Accounting
Domain: Social Sciences
Insights into structural features of HDAC1 and its selectivity inhibition elucidated by Molecular dynamic simulation and Molecular Docking

Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are a family of proteins whose main function is the removal of acetyl groups from lysine residues located on histone and non-histone substrates, which regulates gene transcription and other activities in cells. HDAC1 dysfunction has been implicated in cancer development and progression; thus, its inhibition has emerged as a new therapeutic strategy. Two additional metal binding sites (Site 1 and Site 2) in HDACs have been described that are primarily occupied by potassium ions, suggesting a possible structural role that affects HDAC activity. In this work, we explored the structural role of potassium ions in Site 1 and Site 2 and how they affect the interactions of compounds with high affinities for HDAC1 (AC1OCG0B, Chlamydocin, Dacinostat and Quisinostat) and SAHA (a pan-inhibitor) using molecular docking and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations in concert with a Molecular-Mechanics-Generalized-Born-Surface-Area (MMGBSA) approach. Four models were generated: one with a potassium ion (K<sup>+</sup>) in both sites (HDAC1<sub>k</sub>), a second with K<sup>+</sup> only at site 1 (HDAC1<sub>ks1</sub>), a third with K<sup>+</sup> only at site 2 (HDAC1<sub>ks2</sub>) and a fourth with no K<sup>+</sup> (HDAC1<sub>wk</sub>). We found that the presence or absence of K<sup>+</sup> not only impacted the structural flexibility of HDAC1, but also its molecular recognition, consistent with experimental findings. These results could therefore be useful for further structure-based drug design studies addressing new HDAC1 inhibitors.

Topic: Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors Research
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
ERIC ED353701: Break the Fast: A Guide for School Breakfast Programs.

Guidelines for implementing and operating a school breakfast program in New York are provided in this document. Following an introduction that explains the need for school breakfast programs, sections describe program history, meal pattern requirements, eligible participants, and available state and local financial assistance. Program requirements are described for the approval procedure; nutrition standards and pupil service; reports and records; and food service operation and supervision. Recommendations are made for increasing parent and student involvement. The next section examines perceived barriers to breakfast programs and concludes that a program can be run without causing major disruption if commitment is high. Strategies for merchandizing the program are described in the next section. The conclusion notes that the correlation between breakfast and good health, development, and educational performance makes school breakfast programs a priority. Answers to 15 commonly asked questions are provided in the final section. The appendix contains school breakfast meal patterns, sample menus, forms for student and parent surveys, an outline of a speech to a parent group, and sample news release. (LMI)

Topic: Psoriasis: Treatment and Pathogenesis
Subfield: Immunology
Field: Immunology and Microbiology
Domain: Life Sciences
Methods And Systems For Evaluating The Length Of Elongated Elements

Systems and methods are disclosed for evaluating the length of elongated elements in a sample. The disclosed systems and methods may include using a direct current stimulus to determine a direct current base length region corresponding to at least a portion of the sample. Furthermore, the disclosed systems and methods may include using an alternating current stimulus to determine that the direct current base length region corresponds to a first set of elongated elements and a second set of elongated elements. The first set of elongated elements may have a first base length and the second set of elongated elements may have a second base length. The elongated elements may comprise, for example, chain molecules, deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), ribonucleic acid (RNA), or proteins. Furthermore, the disclosed systems and methods may include measuring an ion current through a nanopore, the ion current produced by the alternating current stimulus.

Topic: Oral health in cancer treatment
Subfield: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
A ground-penetrating radar survey of late Holocene fluvial sediments in NW Namibian river valleys: characterization and comparison

Fine-grained terraces and coarse-grained channel fills that represent episodes of late Holocene valley aggradation are used as geoarchives for palaeohydrological reconstructions in many arid regions of the world (e.g. southwestern USA, Australia, Israel and the Namib Desert). In Namibia, previous work on the sediment texture and facies of these valley fills has led to diverse interpretations of the depositional environment, including river-end, palaeoflood and floodout. Here we show, using ground-penetrating radar (GPR) profiles across four complex river channels to image sedimentological and stratigraphical structures, that the GPR images can be grouped into eight ’radar facies’ (reflection patterns). A combination of radar facies analysis and groundcheck (exposures, boreholes) has been used to interpret the radar profiles. By considering the geomorphological–sedimentological features and age determinations of the fluvial deposits described by earlier researchers and supplemented by our own investigations, we explain the late Holocene fine-grained terraces and coarse-grained channel fills as deposits accumulated during floods. Although the GPR results alone cannot conclusively resolve the fine-grained terrace deposits either as river-end or as slackwater accumulation, the novel combination of GPR, geomorphological findings and results from the literature provides evidence for our interpretation.

Topic: Geology and Paleoclimatology Research
Subfield: Atmospheric Science
Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences
Domain: Physical Sciences
Design of experiments-assisted UPLC method for quantification of nitrosamine impurities in glimepiride and lobeglitazone sulfate: A green chemistry approach

A robust ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) method was developed and systematically optimized using a Design of Experiments (DoE) approach for the simultaneous quantification of glimepiride, lobeglitazone sulfate, nitrosamine impurity-3 (IMP-3), and impurity-1 (IMP-1) in the marketed LOBG-G1 formulation. Critical method parameters, including organic phase composition, flow rate, and mobile phase pH, were identified through a comprehensive risk assessment and subsequently optimized using a Box-Behnken design. The final chromatographic conditions—50 % organic phase composition, a flow rate of 0.2 mL/min, and a mobile phase pH of 2.6—ensured efficient separation and quantification of all four analytes. The method was validated in accordance with ICH guidelines, demonstrating excellent linearity (r² > 0.999), high accuracy, and precision, with low relative standard deviation values. Stability studies conducted under different stress conditions revealed significant degradation of all four compounds in acidic, alkaline, and oxidative environments. Degradation products were further characterized using LC-MS/MS analysis, confirming their structural identity. In addition to its analytical performance, the method's environmental sustainability was evaluated using multiple green analytical chemistry assessment tools. The DoE-guided UPLC method offers a highly sensitive, selective, and reproducible analytical platform for the detection of nitrosamine impurities in antidiabetic drugs, providing enhanced method understanding while aligning with sustainability principles.

Topic: Nitric Oxide and Endothelin Effects
Subfield: Physiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Total Synthesis of (±)-Mersicarpine

The first total synthesis of the indole alkaloid mersicarpine is reported. Key steps include a beta-dicarbonyl radical cyclization, as well as an oxidation of the benzopyrrole moiety to establish the masked 1,2-dicarbonyl functionality. An X-ray crystal structure and discussion of the 1H NMR behavior of the natural product are also presented.

Topic: Alkaloids: synthesis and pharmacology
Subfield: Pharmacology
Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics
Domain: Life Sciences
Chiral Supramolecular Hydrogel Loaded with Dimethyloxalyglycine to Accelerate Chronic Diabetic Wound Healing by Promoting Cell Proliferation and Angiogenesis

Chronic refractory wounds are one of the most serious complications of diabetes, and the effects of common treatments are limited. Chiral hydrogel combined with dimethyloxalyglycine (DMOG) as a dressing is a promising strategy for the treatment of chronic wounds. In this research, we have developed a DMOG-loaded supramolecular chiral amino-acid-derivative hydrogel for wound dressings for full-thickness skin regeneration of chronic wounds. The properties of the materials, the ability of sustained release drugs, and the ability to promote angiogenesis were tested in vitro, and the regeneration rate and repair ability of full-thickness skin were tested in vivo. The chiral hydrogel had the ability to release drugs slowly. It can effectively promote cell migration and angiogenesis in vitro, and promote full-thickness skin regeneration and angiogenesis in vivo. This work offers a new approach for repairing chronic wounds completely through a supramolecular chiral hydrogel loaded with DMOG.

Topic: Wound Healing and Treatments
Subfield: Rehabilitation
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Exploring the Strategic Use of TikTok for Clinical Trial Recruitment: How audiences’ Prior Short-Form Video Usage Influences Persuasive Effects

Guided by the elaboration likelihood model and framing theory, this study explores the potential of short-form video platforms (e.g. TikTok), for targeted clinical trial recruitment. An online experiment compared doctor vs. peer-led videos addressing logistical or psychological barriers to participation, mimicking common TikTok communication tactics. Results indicate that high (vs. low) TikTok users are more persuaded by recruitment messages, and they exhibit stronger intentions to participate in clinical trials. Although doctor-sourced messages generate greater credibility and a more favorable message attitude, peer-sourced messages may be more effective in increasing participation intention. Lastly, doctor-sourced videos that address logistical barriers and peer-sourced videos that discuss psychological barriers result in higher self-efficacy for clinical trial participation. This study contributes to the growing body of research on new media's role in health communication and provides insights into how to strategically utilize TikTok and other short-form video platforms for clinical trial recruitment.

Topic: Social Media in Health Education
Subfield: Health
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
‘We need “culture-bridges”: professionals’ experiences of sex education for pupils with intellectual disabilities in a multicultural society

This study aimed to explore how sex education in special schools in Sweden is influenced and challenged by the multicultural aspects of modern society. In particular, it sought to explore professionalls' experiences of sex education and of honour-related experiences among young people with intellectual disabilities. Data from five individual interviews and one focus groups with four professionals were thematically analysed using sexual scripts as a theoretical framework. The results reveal an ambivalent honour-related script geared toward pupils with intellectual disabilities from cultural backgrounds differing from those of the Swedish mainstream. The provision of sex education, including information about honour-related experiences, is especially important because of these young people’s vulnerability; however, addressing the subject effectively is sensitive and complicated. Colleagues with different cultural backgrounds can act as ‘culture bridges’ for professionals who lack strategies, methods and materials. Increasing professionals’ prerequisite qualifications (e.g. further education, supervision) and adopting autonomy-promoted conduct can empower pupils with intellectual disability to exercise autonomy over their sexuality outside their immediate cultural context.

Topic: Disability Rights and Representation
Subfield: Safety Research
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences