jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Semantic and pragmatic effects in speech production

This study addresses how semantic information may prime, and thus facilitate, the articulation of a target word. In addition, it addresses how the pragmatic interaction between speaker and listeners may modify speech production. To examine these issues, subjects were presented with a visual prime and target and were asked to name the target aloud. Prime type and neighborhood characteristics of the target were manipulated. Primes were either semantically related or unrelated to the target. Targets occurred in neighborhoods that had either many or few phonetically similar neighbors and these neighbors were either high or low in frequency. Dependent variables were duration and the pitch of stressed vowels. Prefiminary results suggest that vowel duration of the target decreases when it has many neighbors that are high frequency, suggesting facilitation. Pitch is higher on targets with low- versus high-frequency neighbors when preceded by an unrelated prime, suggesting speaker compensation. The results will be discussed in the frameworks of interactive activation and pragmatic compensation.

Topic: Phonetics and Phonology Research
Subfield: Experimental and Cognitive Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Rough Sets and Data Mining

Discovering useful models capturing regularities of natural phenomena or complex systems until recently was almost entirely limited to finding formulae fitting empirical data. This worked relatively well in physics, theoretical mechanics, and other areas of science and engineering. However, in social sciences, market research, medicine, pharmacy, molecular biology, learning and perception, and in many other areas, the complexity of the natural processes and their common lack of analytical smoothness almost totally exclude the use of standard tools of mathematics for the purpose of databased modeling. A fundamentally different approach is needed in those areas. The availability of fast data processors creates new possibilities in that respect. This need for alternative approaches to modeling from data was recognized some time ago by researchers working in the areas of neural nets, inductive learning, rough sets, and, more recently, data mining. The empirical models in the form of data-based structures of decision tables or rules play similar roles to formulas in classical analytical modeling. Such models can be analyzed, interpreted, and optimized using methods of rough set theory. Request access from your librarian to read this chapter's full text.

Topic: Rough Sets and Fuzzy Logic
Subfield: Computational Theory and Mathematics
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Use of perspective intellectual control systems during creation of Single automated control system of the Armed Forces of Ukraine

The article is devoted to the question of application of perspective intellectual control systems during creation of Single automated control system of the Armed Forces of Ukraine with the purpose of achievement high-quality of new level of control system and increase efficiency of management of vital functions, preparation and application of Armed Forces of Ukraine. Recommendations for improvement of organization of officials work on command points are developed.

Topic: Enterprise Management and Information Systems
Subfield: Management of Technology and Innovation
Field: Business, Management and Accounting
Domain: Social Sciences
MATERNAL PLASMA AND URINARY HORMONE LEVELS DURING AND AFTER A SUCCESSFUL ABDOMINAL PREGNANCY

Summary In a successful abdominal pregnancy, urinary oestriol levels were about the fifth centile, but other hormone concentrations suggested that placental function was normal until 32 weeks gestation. After that, plasma oestrogen concentrations levelled off and plasma placental lactogen concentrations declined. Pre‐eclampsia developed at 34 weeks and necessitated the delivery at 36 weeks and 2 days of a live normal female infant by laparotomy. The placenta was not removed. All hormone levels fell rapidly during the first weeks of the puerperium and then more slowly during the next six weeks to non‐pregnancy levels. Plasma progesterone, urinary pregnanediol, and plasma oestradiol were the slowest to return to non‐pregnant levels.

Topic: Pregnancy and preeclampsia studies
Subfield: Obstetrics and Gynecology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
<i>In vitro</i> antibody response to influenza virus. II. Specificity of helper T cell recognizing hemagglutinin.

Abstract Intraperitoneal immunization of mice with liver influenza virus was shown to induce helper T (TH) cells with specificity for the hemagglutinin (HA). The interaction of virus-primed TH cells with purified HA was studied independently of B cell reactivity to the same antigen by using the generation of nonspecific help as an index of activation of HA-specific TH cells. TH cells from mice primed with any of the H3 viruses A/Aichi/68 X A/Bel/42 (H3N1), A/Memphis/102/72 X A/Bel/42 (H3N1) or A/Port Chalmers/73 (H3N2) were strongly cross-reactive towards HA of other strains within the H3 subtype. In addition, several examples of cross-reactivity towards HA of a different subtype were observed, usually of a lower magnitude. TH cells from mice primed to any of the H3 viruses above or to A/Bel/42 (H1N1) virus cross-reacted with the HA of A/Japan/305/57 (H2); furthermore, priming with A/Bel/42 or with A/Jap/305/57 X A/Bel/42 (h2N1) virus yielded TH cells that cross-reacted with certain of the H3 HA preparations. The cross-reactivity observed between subtypes was not due to the common chicken host carbohydrate component of HA, since no response to the purified type A HA preparations was obtained with T cells from mice primed with egg-grown influenza B/Hong-Kong/8/73 virus. The results indicate that HA of different subtypes may share cross-reactive antigenic determinants recognized by TH cells. Within a subtype, HA are highly cross-reactive with respect to TH cell recognition.

Topic: Influenza Virus Research Studies
Subfield: Epidemiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Design of Control System for Small Quadrotor Based on NLADRC

Aiming at the problem of poor stability and low control precision of small quadrotor, a set of flight control system based on (Non Linear Active Disturbance Rejection Control, NLADRC) was designed. Firstly, On the basis of analysing the principle of quadrotor flight, a mathematical model of small quadrotor was established. Secondly, the hardware system was designed modularly, the hardware of each module was selected. Then, the quaternion attitude calculation algorithm was used to fuse the attitude data of the accelerometer and the gyroscope, and the four channel (pitch, roll, yaw, height) were controlled by the NLADRC. Finally, the experiment showed that the quadrotor can fly smoothly in the mode of hover.

Topic: Adaptive Control of Nonlinear Systems
Subfield: Control and Systems Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
1182 Enhancing Primary Care Detection and Referral of Nightmare Disorder: A Quality Improvement Project

Abstract Introduction Nightmare disorder (NDO) is a significant but often under-recognized condition, especially within the military population. We previously reported that 31.2% of patients referred to our military sleep disorders center have NDO, yet only 3.9% were referred for NDO. Despite the general population’s NDO prevalence (2-8%), our center had no referrals for NDO from June 1 to August 31, 2024. This quality improvement (QI) project aimed to improve NDO detection and referral rates using the nightmare disorder index (NDI). Methods From September 6 to October 4, 2024, the Internal Medicine Clinic (IMC) at a Military Treatment Facility (MTF) integrated the NDI into routine patient intake. Patients were categorized into three groups: negative for NDO (no nightmares or nightmares without associated symptoms), possible NDO (nightmares causing symptoms), and probable NDO (nightmares causing significant symptoms, indicated by a score of 2 or greater in each NDI section of sections 2-4). Additionally, patients with a prior NDO diagnosis were classified as symptomatic or asymptomatic. Providers were instructed to review the NDIs and refer patients for NDO as clinically appropriate. Results Out of 614 patients screened, 580 (94.5%) completed the NDI. Among them, 460 (79.3%) screened negative, 72 (12.4%) screened positive for possible NDO, and 12 (2.1%) for probable NDO. Additionally, 35 patients had a prior NDO diagnosis, with 25 (71.4%) remaining symptomatic. Of these symptomatic patients, 10 were on pharmacologic therapy, 3 engaged in behavioral therapy, 5 received both, and 7 had no treatment. The IMC made 16 referrals to sleep medicine during this period, with 2 referrals indicating concern for NDO. Conclusion This quality improvement project successfully incorporated the NDI into routine primary care screening, achieving a high completion rate. The detection of possible and probable NDO is clinically significant. However, far more patients were identified than were referred for specialty care. Future planned QI cycles will expand this project to other primary care clinics, such as Family Health and Operational Medicine, to improve referral rates and enhance NDO identification and treatment. These efforts, which are generalizable to civilian populations, aim to reduce NDO under-recognition and improve patient quality of life. Support (if any)

Topic: Sleep and related disorders
Subfield: Experimental and Cognitive Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Modified Variational Mode Decomposition for Power Line Interference Removal in ECG Signals

Power line interferences (PLI) occurring at 50/60 Hz can corrupt the biomedical recordings like ECG signals and which leads to an improper diagnosis of disease conditions. Proper interference cancellation techniques are therefore required for the removal of these power line disturbances from biomedical recordings. The non-linear time varying characteristics of biomedical signals make the&lt;strong&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;interference removal a difficult task without compromising the actual signal characteristics. In this paper, a modified variational mode decomposition based approach is proposed for PLI removal from the ECG signals. In this approach, the central frequency of an intrinsic mode function is fixed corresponding to the normalized power line disturbance frequency. The experimental results show that the PLI interference is exactly captured both in magnitude and phase and are removed. The proposed approach is experimented with ECG signal records from MIT-BIH Arrhythmia database and compared with traditional notch filtering.

Topic: ECG Monitoring and Analysis
Subfield: Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
A Proposed Reference Model Framework for the Application of Computer-Based Visualisation Approaches

This presentation provides an overview of a reference model framework (called RM-Vis) being developed by the TTCP Action Group on Information Visualization to provide the foundations for the various survey and analysis activities being undertaken by the group. A key feature of the framework is that it helps characterize visualization solutions in terms of their context of use, the visual representation and enhancement techniques used, an key features of tool support provided such as user interactions, and deployment support. Initial tool support has been developed and is being used for the characterization, identification, and showcasing of visualization solutions in the C3I domain.

Topic: Hermeneutics and Narrative Identity
Subfield: Philosophy
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
CCDC 672096: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.

Topic: Crystallization and Solubility Studies
Subfield: Materials Chemistry
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Application of Artificial Neural Network to Predict the Thermal and Thermomechanical Behavior of Refractory Linings

Refractory linings are vital components of high temperature vessels. Successful lining concept design can avoid the premature wear of refractory linings, allow for more economically efficient configuration of refractories, and improve the efficiency of high-temperature processes and save energy. Back-propagation artificial neural network (BP-ANN) was applied to predict lining concept performance. The guidelines to define BP-ANN architecture, e.g. minimum training dataset size, node number in the hidden layer, and training algorithms, are crucial for the prediction accuracy and efficiency. A case study of steel ladle with a two-dimensional plane strain finite element model is presented.

Topic: Advanced machining processes and optimization
Subfield: Mechanical Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Investigating elusive stylistic variation in a tight-knit language community

Ever since Labov's pioneering work in New York City in the 1960s (e.g., Labov, 1972), initial sociolinguistic surveys of language communities have taken into account the same social factors as predictors of linguistic variation: age, sex (or gender), social class, and speech style. This set-up works inasmuch as the communities are broadly similar to the USA; however, different community structures pose different challenges to what has become the de facto standard in sociolinguistics (Smakman & Heinrich, 2015). The Faroe Islands present such a different community structure: a small and tight-knit language community with a weak but complicated sense of a standard spoken language (Hagstrom, 2005; Jacobsen, 2011). Rather than a traditional interpretation of social class, Jacobsen (2008) argued that Faroese sociolinguistics benefits from investigating the influence of various 'life styles' on language behaviour. In this paper, I use recent sociolinguistic work on Faroese to show that the traditional concepts of speech style as 'attention to speech' (Labov, 2001) or 'audience design' (Bell, 2001) do not work very well either, and suggest alternative ways of investigating stylistic variation in a tight-knit language community.

Topic: Linguistic Variation and Morphology
Subfield: Linguistics and Language
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
A Comparison of Near-Concurrent Measurements From the SSMIS and CoSMIR for Some Selected Channels Over the Frequency Range of 50–183 GHz

Ten underflights of the Special Sensor Microwave Imager/Sounder (SSMIS) with Conical Scanning Millimeter-wave Imaging Radiometer (CoSMIR) onboard the NASA ER-2 aircraft were conducted over the coastal region of California between March 2004 and March 2005. The measured brightness temperature (Tb) values from both sensors are collocated and compared at frequencies of 50.3, 52.8, 53.6, 91.655, 150, 183.3 plusmn 1,183.3 plusmn 3, and 183.3 plusmn 6.6 GHz. The more transparent channels at 50.3, 91.655, and 150 GHz are strongly affected by the changes in surface emission and low-level liquid clouds. Thus, the average differences in T <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">b</sub> values (deltaT <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">b</sub> ), measured by the two sensors, and their changes from flight to flight are difficult to assess. For the remaining opaque channels, using the CoSMIR measurements as reference, the lowest SSMIS T <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">b</sub> values occur when the SSMIS is completely under the Earth's shadow. As the satellite moves out of the Earth's shadow in the ascending passes, the SSMIS T <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">b</sub> values are found to gradually increase with more exposure to the sun. The magnitudes of these Tb changes are about 4-5 K for the three 183.3-GHz channels and about 2 K for the 52.8- and 53.6-GHz channels.

Topic: Soil Moisture and Remote Sensing
Subfield: Environmental Engineering
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Intuitive Biases in Choice versus Estimation: Implications for the Wisdom of Crowds

Although researchers have documented many instances of crowd wisdom, it is important to know whether some kinds of judgments may lead the crowd astray, whether crowds' judgments improve with feedback over time, and whether crowds' judgments can be improved by changing the way judgments are elicited. We investigated these questions in a sports gambling context (predictions against point spreads) believed to elicit crowd wisdom. In a season-long experiment, fans wagered over $20, 000 on NFL football predictions. Contrary to the wisdom-of-crowds hypothesis, faulty intuitions led the crowd to predict "favorites" more than "underdogs" against point spreads that disadvantaged favorites, even when bettors knew that the spreads disadvantaged favorites. Moreover, the bias increased over time, a result consistent with attributions for success and failure that rewarded intuitive choosing. However, when the crowd predicted game outcomes by estimating point differentials rather than by predicting against point spreads, its predictions were unbiased and wiser.

Topic: Sports Analytics and Performance
Subfield: Economics and Econometrics
Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance
Domain: Social Sciences
ISOCITRITASE: A NEW TRICARBOXYLIC ACID CLEAVAGE SYSTEM

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTISOCITRITASE: A NEW TRICARBOXYLIC ACID CLEAVAGE SYSTEMRoberts A. Smith and I. C. GunsalusCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1954, 76, 19, 5002–5003Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1954Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1954https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01648a084https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01648a084research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views128Altmetric-Citations73LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts

Topic: Enzyme Structure and Function
Subfield: Materials Chemistry
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Punish and Expel

Abstract In 2006, the British government began to transform its prison system. Under pressure to find and deport 'foreigners,' the Prison Service started to isolate non-citizens in special prisons, and to detain people well beyond their criminal sentences. These developments reflect a broader trend in punishment. In an era of mass mobility, prisons produce and police the edges of the nation. This book offers an empirical account of the prison's purpose. Drawing on a year of fieldwork, this book argues that the British government uses penal institutions to craft a particular, and increasingly exclusionary, notion of political membership. The book takes readers inside citizenship classes and 'all foreign' facilities, linking contemporary prisons to the history of British colonialism and the politics of race. In seven vivid chapters, this book challenges readers to rethink their approach to prisons, and to the people held inside them.

Topic: Criminal Justice and Corrections Analysis
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Ephis and his lion

Ephis and his lion Get access Edward Bensly Edward Bensly Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Notes and Queries, Volume s10-IV, Issue 96, 28 October 1905, Page 351, https://doi.org/10.1093/nq/s10-IV.96.351c Published: 28 October 1905

Topic: Classical Antiquity Studies
Subfield: Anthropology
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Researching Transnationalisation and Higher Education in the Context of Social Mechanisms

An increasing body of literature has begun to emerge in the context of transnationalisation, migration and higher education. This article contributes to the discussion by using a sociological lens to focus on the structure-agency link and, in particular, on the social mechanisms that explain how actors and structures interrelate and influence each other. Studies in higher education, migration and transnationalisation tend to focus on either structural or agential factors, whilst the social mechanisms linking both these factors are generally under-researched. This article aims to address this shortcoming by developing a conceptual framework for the study of both the structure-agency link and the social mechanisms that characterise transnationalisation and higher education. Theoretically, the framework is informed by Bunge's approach towards social mechanisms (M. Bunge, Emergence and Convergence: Qualitative Novelty and the Unity of Knowledge, University of Toronto Press, 2003; ‘How does it work? The search for explanatory mechanisms’, Philosophy of the Social Sciences, 2004, 34(2), 182–210) in combination with Pickel's notion of social mechanisms in psychosocial systems (A. Pickel, The Problem of Order in the Global Age: Systems and Mechanisms, Palgrave, 2006). The conceptual framework is illustrated through an explorative study of social mechanisms relating to transnational students' perceptions of and interactions with educational structures and systems in their home country and in England.

Topic: International Student and Expatriate Challenges
Subfield: Communication
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences