jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Performance of BeGraft and BeGraft+ Stent-Grafts as Bridging Devices for Fenestrated Endovascular Aneurysm Repair: An In Vitro Study

Purpose: To investigate 2 generations of balloon-expandable covered stents as potential bridging devices using an in vitro model of stent-graft fenestrations. Materials and Methods: Twenty BeGraft and 20 BeGraft+ cobalt-chromium stents covered in expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) in 6- and 8-mm diameters were tested in sheets mimicking stent-graft fenestrations. Microscopy and radiography were employed to evaluate stent morphology after flaring. In vitro bench tests measured maximum pullout (perpendicular displacement) and the shear stress (axial displacement) forces needed to dislocate the stents. Results: No alteration of ePTFE coverage was detected in the flared stents. Digital radiography and computed tomography showed marked alteration of the stent geometry, which was more pronounced in the BeGraft group. No fractures were detected. Median (minimum–maximum) pullout forces for the 6-mm stent-grafts were 17.1 N (15.8–19.6) for the BeGraft device and 30.4 N (20.2–31.9) for the BeGraft+ device (p=0.006). Median (minimum–maximum) pullout forces for the 8-mm stent-grafts were 11.3 N (11–12.1) for the BeGraft device and 21.8 N (18.2–25.5) for the BeGraft+ device (p&lt;0.001). The shear stress test showed median forces of 10.5 vs 15.28 N at 150% of the stent diameter for the 6-mm BeGraft and BeGraft+ stent-grafts, respectively, and 15.23 vs 20.72 N at 150% stent diameter for the 8-mm models (p=0.016 and 0.017, respectively). Conclusion: Flaring changed the stent geometry but did not provoke stent fractures. The BeGraft+ is superior to the BeGraft in terms of pullout and shear stress forces, demonstrating greater resilience.

Topic: Aortic aneurysm repair treatments
Subfield: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Tracing Superman again: a reply to Clark

Tracing Superman again: a reply to Clark Get access Selmer Bringsjord Selmer Bringsjord Rensselaer Polytechnic InstituteTroy, NY 12180, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Analysis, Volume 48, Issue 1, January 1988, Pages 52–54, https://doi.org/10.1093/analys/48.1.52 Published: 01 January 1988

Topic: Science and Climate Studies
Subfield: Global and Planetary Change
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
ON UNIVERSALLY STABLE ELEMENTS

We show that certain subrings of the cohomology of a finite p-group P may be realized as the image of the restriction map from a suitable virtually free group containing P as a subgroup. We deduce that the cohomology of P is a finitely generated module for any such subring. Examples include the ring of 'universally stable elements' introduced by Evens and Priddy, and rings of invariants such as the mod-2 Dickson algebras.

Topic: Homotopy and Cohomology in Algebraic Topology
Subfield: Mathematical Physics
Field: Mathematics
Domain: Physical Sciences
Curation, morphology and encounter: the Jordanian Royal Tank Museum (RTM)

This research traces the architectural spatial and curatorial intentions of (RTM) in Jordan, focusing on the arrangement of the displays and the morphology of the layout as pedagogical tools for unfolding the narrative. A case study approach was taken, with three modes of inspection: (1) a survey documenting RTM's interiority and spatial organisation; (2) a syntactic-analytic-layer to examine how the museum's permeability and visibility structures control visitors' experiences; (3) an ethnographic-analytic-layer, with observations and interviews to document visitors' exploratory behaviours. The museum employs a combination of architectural and internal semiotic settings. In some instances, strictly defined sequences of movement and visual frames impose a chronological-historical message. In others, RTM privileges well-defined sequences of exploration along less intricate subdivisions to confront visitors with choreographed thematic displays of contemporary and international messages. This study proposes a new methodology for investigating tank museums, situating the traditional ethnographic approach inside a broader morphological-syntactical alternative.

Topic: Cultural Heritage Management and Preservation
Subfield: Archeology
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Vertical breakdown of GaN on Si due to V-pits

Gallium nitride on silicon (GaN/Si) is an important technological approach for power electronic devices exhibiting superior performance compared to devices based on a pure silicon technology. However, the material defect density in GaN/Si is high, and identification of critical defects limiting device reliability is still only partially accomplished because of experimental difficulties. In this work, atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, secondary ion mass spectrometry, and cathodoluminescence were employed to investigate commonly occurring epitaxial overgrown V-pits and inhomogeneous incorporation of oxygen and carbon across layer stacking in the vertical direction. These experiments identified V-pits as regions with higher n-type carrier concentrations and paths for vertical leakage through the buffer, as directly probed by conductive atomic force microscopy. The deleterious effect of V-pits on device performance is demonstrated by evaluating test devices fabricated on two wafers with significantly diverse density of buried V-pits induced by varying growth conditions of the aluminum nitride nucleation layer. A clear correlation between observed vertical breakdown and density of V-pits within the C-doped GaN layer below the device structures is obtained. Back-gating transient measurements also show that the dynamic device behavior is affected by the V-pit density in terms of the detrapping time constants.

Topic: GaN-based semiconductor devices and materials
Subfield: Condensed Matter Physics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Baseline characteristics of women screened for PrEP, by male-partner HIV status (&lt;i&gt;N =&lt;/i&gt; 1,271) (&lt;i&gt;N&lt;/i&gt; [%] or median [IQR]).

&lt;p&gt;Baseline characteristics of women screened for PrEP, by male-partner HIV status (&lt;i&gt;N =&lt;/i&gt; 1,271) (&lt;i&gt;N&lt;/i&gt; [%] or median [IQR]).&lt;/p&gt;

Topic: Peanut Plant Research Studies
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Recontextualising geography as a school subject

This chapter details Bernsteins ideas about knowledge structures and the recontextualisation of knowledge, which is encapsulated in his concept of the pedagogic device. The pedagogic device is a theoretical framework that describes the principles regulating the organisation, distribution and structuring of knowledge and the conversion of knowledge into pedagogic communication. The pedagogic device also introduces a number of important issues that had been somewhat neglected in Bernstein's earlier work. A key issue was 'the question of what knowledge was: its structure and social base'. The socio-epistemic perspectives offered by Bernstein and other social realist theorists are limited to the field of knowledge production and the knowledge structure of academic disciplines themselves. Extending Bernstein's concept of recontextualisation, raises the possibility of seeing curriculum and pedagogy as a space of interaction between the different epistemic communities. Bernstein and social realism provide a theoretical basis for the place of disciplinary knowledge in the school curriculum.

Topic: Educator Training and Historical Pedagogy
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Aorto-Pulmonary Window, an Unrecognized Cause of Heart Failure in Infants: A Case Report

Introduction: The aorto-pulmonary window is a rare congenital heart disease. It is a defect between the ascending aorta and the trunk of the pulmonary artery upstream of the pulmonary bifurcation. Once the diagnosis is made, surgery must be performed quickly to avoid progression to pulmonary arteriolitis. We report the case of a 4-month-old infant in whom we made the diagnosis of aorto-pulmonary window type I. He was able to benefit from an open heart surgery at FES with an excellent result after closing the window. Conclusion: The aorto-pulmonary window is a rare congenital heart defect, the diagnosis of which must be made as early as possible in order to avoid the progression to pulmonary hypetension and heart failure.

Topic: Congenital Heart Disease Studies
Subfield: Epidemiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Genomic regions and biological pathways associated with sex-limited reproductive traits in bovine species

Abstract Many animal species exhibit sex-limited traits, where certain phenotypes are exclusively expressed in one sex. Yet, the genomic regions that contribute to these sex-limited traits in males and females remain a subject of debate. Reproductive traits are ideal phenotypes to study sexual differences since they are mostly expressed in a sex-limited way. Therefore, this study aims to use local correlation analyses to identify genomic regions and biological pathways significantly associated with male and female sex-limited traits in two distinct cattle breeds (Brahman [BB] and Tropical Composite [TC]). We used the Correlation Scan method to perform local correlation analysis on 42 trait pairs consisting of six female and seven male reproductive traits recorded on ~1,000 animals for each sex in each breed. To pinpoint a specific region associated with these sex-limited reproductive traits, we investigated the genomic region(s) consistently identified as significant across the 42 trait pairs in each breed. The genes found in the identified regions were subjected to Quantitative Trait Loci (QTL) colocalization, QTL enrichment analyses, and functional analyses to gain biological insight into sexual differences. We found that the genomic regions associated with the sex-limited reproductive phenotypes are widely distributed across all the chromosomes. However, no single region across the genome was associated with all the 42 reproductive trait pairs in the two breeds. Nevertheless, we found a region on the X-chromosome to be most significant for 80% to 90% (BB: 33 and TC: 38) of the total 42 trait pairs. A considerable number of the genes in this region were regulatory genes. By considering only genomic regions that were significant for at least 50% of the 42 trait pairs, we observed more regions spread across the autosomes and the X-chromosome. All genomic regions identified were highly enriched for trait-specific QTL linked to sex-limited traits (percentage of normal sperm, metabolic weight, average daily gain, carcass weight, age at puberty, etc.). The gene list created from these identified regions was enriched for biological pathways that contribute to the observed differences between sexes. Our results demonstrate that genomic regions associated with male and female sex-limited reproductive traits are distributed across the genome. Yet, chromosome X seems to exert a relatively larger effect on the phenotypic variation observed between the sexes.

Topic: Genetic and phenotypic traits in livestock
Subfield: Genetics
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Temperature dependent mechanical properties and thermal activation plasticity of nanocrystalline and coarse grained Ni-18.75 at.% Fe alloy

Mechanical properties of Ni-18.75 at.% Fe in coarse grained (average grain size 15 gm) and nanocrystalline (average grain size 22 nm) states were studied in uniaxial compression in the temperature range 4.2-350 K. Temperature dependences of the flow stress, strain rate sensitivity and activation volume of plastic deformation were measured. The thermal activation analysis of the experimental data has been fulfilled for the the plastic deformation value of 2 %. It was shown that plastic deformation in temperature range from 35 to 350 K in both studied structural states has the thermally activated type. Comparative analysis of low temperature thermal activation plastic deformation was carried out for the alloy in coarse grained and nanocrystalline states. Empirical estimates of parameters of the dislocation interaction with local barriers and internal stress value estimates were obtained for the both studied structural states. Analysis of the results indicates that different mechanisms control the thermal activation plasticity of the Ni-18.75 at.% Fe alloy in coarse grained and nanocrystalline states. Possible mechanisms, which control plactisity of the studied states, are disscussed.

Topic: Microstructure and mechanical properties
Subfield: Materials Chemistry
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Dietary management of gastrointestinal disease: gluten in coeliac disease and FODMAPs in IBS

This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author. Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.

Topic: Celiac Disease Research and Management
Subfield: Gastroenterology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Iterative Regularization for Learning with Convex Loss Functions

We consider the problem of supervised learning with convex loss functions and propose a new form of iterative regularization based on the subgradient method. Unlike other regularization approaches, in iterative regularization no constraint or penalization is considered, and generalization is achieved by (early) stopping an empirical iteration. We consider a nonparametric setting, in the framework of reproducing kernel Hilbert spaces, and prove finite sample bounds on the excess risk under general regularity conditions. Our study provides a new class of efficient regularized learning algorithms and gives insights on the interplay between statistics and optimization in machine learning.

Topic: Sparse and Compressive Sensing Techniques
Subfield: Computational Mechanics
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
ECPUB5 Polyubiquitin Gene in Euphorbia characias: Molecular Characterization and Seasonal Expression Analysis

The spurge Euphorbia characias is known for its latex, which is rich in antioxidant enzymes and anti-phytopathogen molecules. In this study, we identified a novel polyubiquitin protein in the latex and leaves, leading to the first molecular characterization of its coding gene and expressed protein in E. characias. Using consensus-degenerate hybrid oligonucleotide primers (CODEHOP) and rapid amplification of cDNA ends (5′/3′-RACE), we reconstructed the entire open reading frame (ORF) and noncoding regions. Our analysis revealed that the polyubiquitin gene encodes five tandemly repeated sequences, each coding for a ubiquitin monomer with amino acid variations in four of the five repeats. In silico studies have suggested functional differences among monomers. Gene expression peaked during the summer, correlating with high temperatures and suggesting a role in heat stress response. Western blotting confirmed the presence of polyubiquitin in the latex and leaf tissues, indicating active ubiquitination processes. These findings enhance our understanding of polyubiquitin’s regulatory mechanisms and functions in E. characias, highlighting its unique structural and functional features.

Topic: Ubiquitin and proteasome pathways
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
HEALTH ASSESSMENT OF WORKERS OF MEAT PROCESSING PLANTS

Health assessment of workers of four meat processing plants in the Republic of Moldova in the 2011-2015 was carried out. The analysis of temporary disability showed the incidence the respiratory diseases (13.9±1.3 cases for 134.0±17.1 days per 100 workers) to prevail in the structure of disability), followed by the diseases of circulatory system (5.90±0.52 cases and 85.0±9.0 days per 100 workers) as well as the diseases of bone and muscular system (3.54±0.67 cases and 55.2±12.9 days per 100 workers), and diseases of digestive system (3.11±0.44 cases and 45.9±6.2 days of 100 workers) and injuries, poisonings and some other consequences of the influence of the external factors (3.02±0.40 cases and 48.8±10.3 days per 100 workers). Indices of the frequency and severity showed a tendency to fall. The index of diseases prevalence showed on average annually decreasing by 6.7 cases per 100 workers (R2 = 0.95), and an index of the duration of diseases for 77.0 days per 100 workers (R2 = 0,95). The meat processing plants suffered from economic losses because of the temporary disability of workers in the amount of 1892434.25 lei/107009.6 dollars. The obtained data indicate the need for the development and implementation of preventive measures.

Topic: Human Health and Disease
Subfield: Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
DISTRIBUTION PATTERN FOR HLA SPECIFICITIES IN THE PATIENTS WITH ACUTE MYELOID LEUKEMIA

The article presents a study on the distribution of gene polymorphisms in the histocompatibility antigens among the patients diagnosed with AML, and healthy donors in the Republic of Kazakhstan, as well as features of the HLA-A*, *B, Cw*, DRB1*, DQB1* distribution among the patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). HLA typing and data processing were performed at the Research and Production Center of Transfusiology, Nur-Sultan. A total of 3808 people were examined, including 3621 healthy blood donors and 187 patients diagnosed with AML. Genomic DNA for HLA typing was isolated from peripheral blood leukocytes by proteinase method using columns with silica membrane and using a set of reagents PROTRANS DNA BOX (Protrans, Germany). Typing of HLA-A, B, C, DRB1, DQB1 in the patients and blood donors was performed by polymerase chain reaction using commercial reagent kits from Protrans (PROTRANS HLA- A*/B*/DRB1* Cyclerplate System, PROTRANS HLA-C* Cyclerplate System, PROTRANS HLA-DQB1* Cyclerplate System). HLA-A*31 (OR = 1.8; CI 1.16-2.79; p &lt; 0.01) proved to be more common in the group of patients compared to the control group, which suggesting an association between AML and presence of this antigen. The control group showed an increased frequency of HLA-A*02 antigen (OR = 0.55; CI 0.41-0.75; p &lt; 0.01). This antigen may be, therefore, exert a protective effect in AML development. The studies of major histocompatibility complex which include HLA genes, did significantly expanded the understanding of HLA antigens which may have strong associative links with distinct diseases, and moderately or poorly expressed links in other disorders. Analysis of the literature data showed that myeloid leukemia is characterized by decreased frequency of HLA-B13, B14, B40 antigens, most often determined by antigens B16, Bw 22, B27. In this study, HLA-A*31, B*37 were associated with AML. Phenotypes with antigens HLA-A*02, B*27, C*02, DRB1*01, *04, DQB1*06 have a probable protective effect on the development of this pathology. The study has determined some features of histocompatibility gene distribution in AML patients, detection of HLA-markers that determine the risk or resistance to the occurrence of this disease. We have established characteristic specific markers of HLA system among AML patients in Kazakhstan, which may be associated with higher risk of the disease.

Topic: Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
Subfield: Immunology
Field: Immunology and Microbiology
Domain: Life Sciences
How Expert are “Expert” Wine Judges?

Abstract Recent papers by Hodgson (2008) and Gawel and Godden (2008) have questioned the consistency of expert wine judges in a wine competition setting. In the latter paper, a methodology introduced in psychometric research to measure judge reliability corrected for chance was used to quantify judge consistency (Cohen, 1968). This paper extends that notion, suggesting a value of 0.7 for Cohen's weighted kappa might be used to define an expert wine judge. With that criterion, less than 30% of judges who participated in either of the two studies would be considered “expert.” (JEL Classification: C1, L15)

Topic: Wine Industry and Tourism
Subfield: Tourism, Leisure and Hospitality Management
Field: Business, Management and Accounting
Domain: Social Sciences
Static Shear and Liquefaction Potential

Cyclic loading triaxial tests on isotropically consolidated samples or cyclic simple shear tests on one-dimensionally consolidated samples are commonly performed to assess the liquefaction potential of cohesionless soils. These tests are designed to simulate field conditions in which, prior to an earthquake, there are no initial shear stresses acting on the planes which will be subjected to cyclic shear stresses by the earthquake loading.

Topic: Geotechnical Engineering and Soil Mechanics
Subfield: Civil and Structural Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Antimicrobial and anti-biofilm activity of titanium dioxide nanoparticles alone and in combination with erythromycin against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus

Background: S. aureus is a major pathogen and the predominant bacteria that causes hospital-acquired infections. TiO2NPs have unique characteristics and expanding use for different applications in nanomedicine and have attracted enormous interest in the various rising nanoproducts. Objective: To evaluate the anti-bacterial and anti-biofilm activities of TiO2NPs alone and in combination with the macrolide class of drugs (Erythromycin) against S. aureus isolated from different clinical specimens. Methods: Kirby-Bauer’s disk diffusion technique was applied for antimicrobial susceptibility testing against S. aureus isolates. The Minimum inhibitory concentrations of TiO2NPs and erythromycin were performed with the broth microdilution method, while biofilm formation was investigated by the Calgary technique. Results: At a total of eighty-five strains of S. aureus clinical isolates from patients who are in hospitals in the medical city of Baghdad, 34 (40%) of S. aureus were sensitive to penicillin class (Methicillin) while 51 (60%) were resistant to methicillin, with statistical significance between both groups (P &lt;0.05). In urine samples, the majority of S. aureus isolates were 21 (24.7%), followed by sputum with 14 (16.5%) samples. Patients infected with S. aureus were significant among age groups of 45–54 years old and patients with Ages between 15 and 35 indicate a lower susceptibility to S. aureus infection.mThe results showed that the prevalence of infection with S. aureus was significantly higher among female patients 30 (35.3%) rather than male patients 21 (24.7%), and the male/female ratio was 0.46/1. Vancomycin and imipenem were the most active antibiotics against MSSA and MRSA, with sensitivity of 85 (100%) and 82 (96.5%) for vancomycin and imipenem, respectively, whereas MRSA and MSSA exhibited marked resistance to ciprofloxacin and azithromycin, with sensitivity of 64 (75.3%) and 38 (44.7%), respectively.mTiO2NPs showed excellent biofilm inhibitory activity against MRSA and MSSA isolates, and results showed that TiO2 NPs alone with ½MIC can inhibit biofilm formation by about 40% of MRSA and about 60% of MSSA. Moreover, the combination of TiO2 NPs with erythromycin inhibits biofilm formation by approximately 80–90% for MRSA and MSSA, respectively.

Topic: Bacterial biofilms and quorum sensing
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences