jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Man/aging Subjectivity, Silencing Diversity: Organizational Imagery in the Airline Industry. The Case of British Airways

This paper examines the role of corporate image-making in the everyday life of organizations and its contribution to the mundane reproduction of discrimination. With British Airways as an example, it is argued that images found in corporate materials reflect the organization's construction of `male' and `female', `white' and `non-white', in distinct ways. Further, these images have profound consequences for the ways in which employees visualize themselves, their colleagues and their subordinates. This paper also shows how organizational images can restrict diversity by identifying certain organizational roles and positions with specific demographic characteristics. It is suggested that: (a) these various images have sanctioned and encouraged certain types of `male'/'female', `white'/'non-white' behavior, and implicitly prohibited others; and (b) these images can be linked to the exclusion of women and people of colour from positions of power, authority and prestige within the airline industry.

Topic: Gender Diversity and Inequality
Subfield: Gender Studies
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Forging Multiple Training Objectives for Pre-trained Language Models via Meta-Learning

Multiple pre-training objectives fill the vacancy of the understanding capability of single-objective language modeling, which serves the ultimate purpose of pre-trained language models (PrLMs), generalizing well on a mass of scenarios. However, learning multiple training objectives in a single model is challenging due to the unknown relative significance as well as the potential contrariety between them. Empirical studies have shown that the current objective sampling in an ad-hoc manual setting makes the learned language representation barely converge to the desired optimum. Thus, we propose \textit{MOMETAS}, a novel adaptive sampler based on meta-learning, which learns the latent sampling pattern on arbitrary pre-training objectives. Such a design is lightweight with negligible additional training overhead. To validate our approach, we adopt five objectives and conduct continual pre-training with BERT-base and BERT-large models, where MOMETAS demonstrates universal performance gain over other rule-based sampling strategies on 14 natural language processing tasks.

Topic: Topic Modeling
Subfield: Artificial Intelligence
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Use of Cyclosporine in Pediatric Renal Transplant Recipients

No AccessJournal of UrologyTransplantation1 Jun 1985Use of Cyclosporine in Pediatric Renal Transplant Recipients S.B. Conley, S.M. Flechner, G. Rose, C.T. Van Buren, E. Brewer, and B.D. Kahan S.B. ConleyS.B. Conley More articles by this author , S.M. FlechnerS.M. Flechner More articles by this author , G. RoseG. Rose More articles by this author , C.T. Van BurenC.T. Van Buren More articles by this author , E. BrewerE. Brewer More articles by this author , and B.D. KahanB.D. Kahan More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(17)49413-4AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "Use of Cyclosporine in Pediatric Renal Transplant Recipients." The Journal of Urology, 133(6), p. 1131 © 1985 by The American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 133Issue 6June 1985Page: 1131 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 1985 by The American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information S.B. Conley More articles by this author S.M. Flechner More articles by this author G. Rose More articles by this author C.T. Van Buren More articles by this author E. Brewer More articles by this author B.D. Kahan More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...

Topic: Renal Transplantation Outcomes and Treatments
Subfield: Transplantation
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Pregnancy, paternity and parenting in rural communities

The Australian rural environment is unique, diverse and challenging for nurses who are the most significant providers of health care in this context. Rural Nursing: The Australian Context provides readers with an understanding of the knowledge and skills required to practise in rural locations and communities. This book includes chapters on pregnancy, parenting, childhood, adolescence, adulthood, ageing and mental health. It examines rurality, population and health demographics, and the different practice opportunities available in rural settings. The authors outline the importance of having well-established professional networks and encourage readers to develop practice skills in response to a particular community. Each chapter features a vignette, reflective questions and a list of websites for further reading. Written by a team of academics and practising rural nurses, Rural Nursing will equip nursing students with the confidence to provide high-quality health care in a range of practice settings.

Topic: Global Health Workforce Issues
Subfield: Emergency Medical Services
Field: Health Professions
Domain: Health Sciences
“There is a village somewhere out there”: Representations of Anatolia as Terra Incognita”

Abstract Travel notes on Anatolia written in Turkey until the 1950's represent Anatolia as terra incognita. Anatolia becomes invisible through the values attributed to community relationships and the statements about the sameness of the rural area. Invisibility here is a syndrome of modernity, which based on positivist epistemology

Topic: History, Culture, and Diplomacy
Subfield: History
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Structure of Coenzyme A−Disulfide Reductase from <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> at 1.54 Å Resolution<sup>,</sup>

Coenzyme A (CoASH) replaces glutathione as the major low molecular weight thiol in Staphylococcus aureus; it is maintained in the reduced state by coenzyme A-disulfide reductase (CoADR), a homodimeric enzyme similar to NADH peroxidase but containing a novel Cys43-SSCoA redox center. The crystal structure of S. aureus CoADR has been solved using multiwavelength anomalous dispersion data and refined at a resolution of 1.54 A. The resulting electron density maps define the Cys43-SSCoA disulfide conformation, with Cys43-S(gamma) located at the flavin si face, 3.2 A from FAD-C4aF, and the CoAS- moiety lying in an extended conformation within a cleft at the dimer interface. A well-ordered chloride ion is positioned adjacent to the Cys43-SSCoA disulfide and receives a hydrogen bond from Tyr361'-OH of the complementary subunit, suggesting a role for Tyr361' as an acid-base catalyst during the reduction of CoAS-disulfide. Tyr419'-OH is located 3.2 A from Tyr361'-OH as well and, based on its conservation in known functional CoADRs, also appears to be important for activity. Identification of residues involved in recognition of the CoAS-disulfide substrate and in formation and stabilization of the Cys43-SSCoA redox center has allowed development of a CoAS-binding motif. Bioinformatics analyses indicate that CoADR enzymes are broadly distributed in both bacterial and archaeal kingdoms, suggesting an even broader significance for the CoASH/CoAS-disulfide redox system in prokaryotic thiol/disulfide homeostasis.

Topic: Porphyrin Metabolism and Disorders
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Heritage and scent: research and exhibition of Istanbul’s changing smellscapes

This paper examines heritage, and particularly intangible heritage, by concentrating on the experience of smell to explore a heritage site in Istanbul, Turkey: the Spice Market. Due to a restoration project, the site became the focus of the 2012 international workshop 'Urban Cultural Heritage and Creative Practice,' which aimed at documenting the existing and threatened scents of the marketplace. In 2016 a gallery exhibition, 'Scent and the City,' was created as part of an effort to raise awareness about how scent constitutes an important component of the heritage of place. After providing a brief overview of the marketplace's transformations since its construction in the seventeenth century, this paper covers various methods of scent research, including scent walks, mapping, oral history interviews, and artistic performances, and illustrates how the smellscapes of this historic, and now touristic, quarter of Istanbul are changing. By bringing a sensory approach to this important heritage site in Istanbul we demonstrate how an embodied approach, which forefronts scent as intangible heritage and a primary modality, can serve as a catalyst for individuals and communities to access their memories, emotions, and values and increase awareness of the role scent plays in defining locality.

Topic: Olfactory and Sensory Function Studies
Subfield: Sensory Systems
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences
The measurement of exposed host volume by the parasitoid wasp <i>Trichogramma minutum</i> and the effects of wasp size

The parasitoid wasp Trichogramma minutum Riley (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea: Trichogrammatidae) adjusts its progeny allocation to the exposed volume of its insect egg host. This paper deals with the mechanism for this size discrimination, which is not dependent upon chemical or visual cues or repeated parasitism. The wasps are also able to discriminate between hosts of the same diameter that differ in exposed surface area, and do not use curvature to determine progeny allocation under these conditions. A computer-based event recorder was used to collect information about the host-examining behaviour of the wasp. Of the examining-path parameters that change with surface area, only the duration of the wasp's initial transit across the exposed surface of the host correlated significantly with the number of eggs subsequently laid by the wasp. Artificially reducing the initial transit of the wasp by obstructing its path resulted in significantly fewer eggs per host. Both large and small wasps allocate the same number of progeny to hosts of the same exposed volume, and take the same time to complete their initial transits. We propose that Trichogramma use the absolute length of their initial transit, measured as the transit's duration, to set clutch size to absolute exposed host volume. This behaviour allows Trichogramma to lay the number of eggs into each host that ensures maximum reproductive success, regardless of the wasp's own dimensions.

Topic: Insect-Plant Interactions and Control
Subfield: Insect Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Efektivitas dolomit teraktivasi yang diperkaya dengan bakteri pelarut fosfat sebagai pengganti kiserit pada bibit kakao The effectiveness of activated dolomite enriched by phosphate solubilizing bacteria as kieserite substitute on cocoa seedling

Abstract Magnesium (Mg) deficiency is commonly found in acid soils with high weathering intensity as widely present in tropical and sub-tropical regions, or those developed from low Mg-content parent materials. To overcome Mg deficiency, dolomite is often used to replace kieserite although the former is less reactive than the later. An activation technology by heating up to 800oC, followed by sulfic acid addition, then enriched by phosphate solubilizing bacteria is prospective to improve Mg solubility in soils. This research was aimed to enhance dolomite reactivity and to determine the effectiveness of activated dolomite enriched by phosphate solubilizing bacteria as Mg nutrient sources substituting kieserite on cocoa seedling growth. The results indicate that total and solubility in water of MgO from the prototype of activated dolomite were 26.7 and 9.2%, respectively. Using cocoa seedling as test plant, the use of activated dolomite enriched by using 109 cfu of Pseudomonas sp. at 3.85 g/seedling and combined with 100% dosages of NPK fertilizers showed the best vegetative growth and total dry mass of seedlings was significantly higher than that of 100% NPK-Mg kieserite standard dosage Abstrak Defisiensi Mg umumnya ditemukan pada tanah masam dengan tingkat pelapukan tinggi yang banyak terdapat di daerah tropik, subtropik, dan tanah yang terbentuk dari bahan induk miskin Mg. Untuk mengatasi defisiensi Mg, dolomit sering digunakan sebagai pengganti kiserit walaupun sifatnya kurang reaktif jika dibandingkan kiserit. Teknologi aktivasi dengan pemanasan mencapai 800oC, dilanjutkan dengan penambahan asam sulfat serta pengkayaan dengan bakteri pelarut fosfat diharapkan dapat meningkatkan kelarutan Mg di dalam tanah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan reaktivitas dolomit serta menetapkan efektivitas dolomit teraktivasi yang diperkaya dengan bakteri pelarut fosfat sebagai sumber hara Mg pengganti kieserit pada bibit kakao. Hasil yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini mengindikasikan bahwa kadar MgO total dan kelarutan dalam air pada dolomit teraktivasi masing-masing 26,7 dan 9,2%. Dengan menggunakan bibit kakao sebagai tanaman uji, aplikasi 3,85 g dolomit teraktivasi yang diperkaya dengan 109 cfu Pseudomonas sp./bibit yang dikombinasikan dengan 100% dosis pupuk NPK menunjukkan pertumbuhan vegetatif paling baik dan total bobot kering bibit kakao yang secara nyata lebih tinggi jika dibandingkan dengan pemberian 100% dosis standar NPK-Mg kiserit.

Topic: Plant Growth and Agriculture Techniques
Subfield: Soil Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Interactive Effects of Air, Liquid and Canopies on Spray Patterns of Axial-flow Sprayers

Pesticide application to fruit crops such as apples and grapes requires adjustment of thesprayer to direct spray into the canopy zone as it develops over the growing season. The objective ofthis study was to investigate the impact of nozzle orientation on vertical spray patterns at the centerof the grapevine row, using an air-blast sprayer. The interaction between nozzle orientation andairflow was also studied.<br><br>Results have shown potential for improving deposition and reducing spray drift by carefullyadjusting the nozzle orientation. It was also observed that adjustments in nozzle orientation on twosides of the sprayer should be independent and in consideration of airflow rate and direction on eachside. Orientation of the nozzles to counteract the blast of air in the vicinity of the sprayer air outlethave shown improvements not only in better targeting of sprays to canopies but also in improvinguniformity of deposition between heights. Correct orientation of nozzles has shown to enhance theeffect of air assistance of the sprayer.

Topic: Plant Surface Properties and Treatments
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
EUV mask polarization effects

As the extreme ultraviolet (EUV) lithography technology progresses towards and below sub-7nm generations, polarization effects will begin to have an impact. As numerical apertures increase, the consequences at both the mask and the wafer plane need to be understood. Contrast losses at large angles can occur from non-ideal interference at the wafer plane (i.e. TM vs. TE polarization). While such loss of infidelity can be low for near wavelength half-pitch generations, additional image degradation can be attributed to polarization effects for higher resolution generations. Some of this arises from the mask. The polarized reflectance from a EUV photomask is influenced by the multilayer reflective stack as well as the polarizing effect of the patterned features. This paper explores the polarization effects that are induced by EUV masks for sub-7nm lithography generations. From the results, it was found that there is polarization-dependent induction and attenuation of current in EUV mask structures as mask pitch decreases.

Topic: Advancements in Photolithography Techniques
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Randomness Analysis With Runge Kutta Methods

Chaotic systems are widely used in encryption because of their sensitivity to initial conditions and parameters, high ergodicity, mixing properties, and highly complex structures. Various analyzes are available to understand whether a system is chaotic. The most used analyzes are time series analysis, phase portraits, Lyapunov exponents, and bifurcation diagrams. Modeling of chaotic systems is also possible with numerical analysis methods. These methods are; Houses, Heun, 4th and 5th degree Runge Kutta methods are the most common differential solution methods.

Topic: Chaos-based Image/Signal Encryption
Subfield: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
A model of respiratory rhythm generation

A new hypothesis is proposed to explain the generation of respiratory rhythm by the respiratory neurons of the medulla. The basis of the oscillator is a mutual inhibition between early-burst inspiratory, propriobulbar neurons and Bötzinger complex expiratory, bulbospinal neurons, with only the early burst inspiratory neurons possessing adaptive properties. Only one theoretical connection, unsupported by experimental observations, needs to be assumed for this model, that of an inhibitory connection from Bötzinger complex expiratory neurons to early-burst inspiratory neurons. A mathematical simulation of the model was used to test the hypothesis. The oscillating patterns of activity produced by the model were similar to those observed experimentally in these neurons. It is therefore concluded that, based on reasonable assumptions, the proposed hypothesis will produce oscillations similar to those of respiration.

Topic: Neuroscience of respiration and sleep
Subfield: Endocrine and Autonomic Systems
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences
More About Paley-Wiener Spaces

Abstract The four topics covered in this chapter are not directly concerned with sampling, but with various aspects of Paley-Wiener spaces. Since these spaces are typically collections of band-limited functions, and the notion of band-limitation in one form or another runs through all our work on sampling, this material has been included to provide some necessary background, and to lend perspective on these important spaces.For general reference it will be convenient to have at our disposal a collection of Paley-Wiener theorems.

Topic: Mathematical Analysis and Transform Methods
Subfield: Applied Mathematics
Field: Mathematics
Domain: Physical Sciences
AN ENDOPHYTIC FUNGUS INDUCES TOLERANCE AGAINST THE CLUBROOT PATHOGEN PLASMODIOPHORA BRASSICAE IN ARABIDOPSIS THALIANA AND BRASSICA RAPA ROOTS

ISHS V International Symposium on Brassicas and XVI International Crucifer Genetics Workshop, Brassica 2008 AN ENDOPHYTIC FUNGUS INDUCES TOLERANCE AGAINST THE CLUBROOT PATHOGEN PLASMODIOPHORA BRASSICAE IN ARABIDOPSIS THALIANA AND BRASSICA RAPA ROOTS

Topic: Plant pathogens and resistance mechanisms
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Semantic sleep management service in healthcare sensor networks

In this paper, we propose a semantic sleep management service using healthcare sensors(blood pressure, blood sugar, body temperature, snoring, sleep apnea) and private health information(age, gender, weight, smoking amount and drinking quantity). The proposed service finds the best private sleep pattern by acquiring sensor observations, providing analysis results of private sleep trend by analyzing data gathered from a heterogeneous individual healthcare sensors and private health information in order to enhance sleep quality of each individual. To this end, we use newly-made sleep management sensor to detect the snoring time and the number of sleep apnea and use semantic web technologies to represent standard specification and processing of sensor networks using ontologies that allow representation of structural properties of event types and constraints between them.

Topic: Semantic Web and Ontologies
Subfield: Artificial Intelligence
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Efficacy of Diclofenac Transdermal Patch versus Diclofenac Rectal Suppository for Management of Postoperative Pain Following Open Cholecystectomy: A Randomised Clinical Trial

Introduction: Postoperative pain can have detrimental effects if proper analgesia is not provided. The most widely used medicines for the management of postoperative pain is Non Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs), among the NSAIDs the most commonly used drug for postoperative pain is diclofenac sodium. Repeated intramuscular/intravenous (i.m/i.v.) injections of diclofenac are associated with pain and discomfort while oral use of diclofenac before and after surgery is limited and is also associated with increased risk of gastrointestinal complications like dyspepsia, peptic ulcer, etc. Diclofenac Transdermal Patch (TD) and Rectal Suppository (RS) are good methods of drug delivery as they avoid first pass metabolism, gastrointestinal complications and pain associated with i.m/i.v. route. Aim: To evaluate the efficacy of the transdermal diclofenac patch versus the diclofenac RS for management of postoperative pain. Materials and Methods: This hospital-based, randomised, prospective, interventional, open label comparative clinical trial was conducted in Department of General Surgery and Department of Pharmacology at FH Medical College and Hospital, Agra, Uttar Pradesh, India, from April 2021 to September 2021. A total of 64 patients were included in the trial and they were randomly divided into two groups using simple randomisation technique. Group A received 100mg diclofenac TD (n=32) and group B received 100 mg diclofenac RS (n=32) just before induction of anaesthesia and repeated 12 hourly for 48 hours. Pain was assessed postoperatively at 6, 12, 24 hours, respectively using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and adverse effects like gastrointestinal complications were also noted in the both groups. The student's t-test was applied to compare the mean values of quantitative variables while qualitative variables were analysed using Chi-square test. p-value &lt;0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Both the groups were comparable with respect to age (p-value=0.1048) and gender distribution (p-value=0.3760). VAS score at 12 hours and 24 hours postsurgery in patients of both groups showed significant decrease (p-value &lt;0.001), when compared with VAS score values at 6 hours postsurgery of the same group. On comparison of VAS score between the two groups at 6 hour, 12 hour and 24 hour significant decrease (p-value &lt;0.05) in VAS score was observed with a higher decrement in group B patients i.e., those who received diclofenac rectal suppositories. In group A, seven patients needed rescue analgesia while in group B only three patients required rescue analgesia. Conclusion: Rectal diclofenac suppository had higher efficacy in comparison to transdermal diclofenac patch in management of postoperative pain.

Topic: Pain Management and Opioid Use
Subfield: Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences