jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Factors Influencing Purchase Intention on Cake Product: Facebook Commerce Perspective

This research examines the variables affecting consumers’ intention to purchase cakes through the Facebook commerce platform. The study aims to identify factors that influence online consumer behavior in the cake market, focusing on Facebook as a primary e-commerce platform. By analyzing these factors, the research seeks to provide insights into the role of social media in shaping consumer purchasing decisions. Data were collected from 331 respondents through an online survey, providing a diverse and representative sample. The data were analyzed using descriptive analysis to identify trends, factor analysis to uncover underlying dimensions of the variables, and coefficient correlation to assess relationships between these factors and purchase intentions. This methodological approach ensures a comprehensive analysis of consumer behavior in Facebook commerce. The study indicates that performance expectancy, price value, habit, and trust positively influence consumers’ online purchase intentions. These factors enhance consumers’ confidence and willingness to buy cakes through Facebook. However, effort expectancy, facilitating conditions, social influence, and hedonic motivation do not significantly affect purchase intentions in this context, suggesting these factors may be less relevant for cake products on Facebook commerce platforms. These findings contribute to the body of knowledge on consumer behavior in social commerce, especially in Facebook-based e-commerce. They offer valuable theoretical insights into the factors influencing purchasing decisions and provide practical implications for marketers looking to optimize their online presence. By focusing on performance expectancy, price value, habit, and trust, businesses can tailor strategies to meet consumer expectations and increase purchase intentions. This study is one of the few that examines factors influencing consumer purchase intentions towards cake products through Facebook commerce. Its findings contribute to both practical and theoretical knowledge, providing unique insights into social media, consumer behavior, and e-commerce in the cake industry.

Topic: Digital Marketing and Social Media
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
CCDC 2055157: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.

Topic: Crystallization and Solubility Studies
Subfield: Materials Chemistry
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Information search costs and trade credit: evidence from high-speed rail connections

We investigate the impact of information search costs on firms’ access to trade credit used as a major source of interfirm financing. Using the openings of high-speed rails (HSR) in China as exogenous shocks, we find that firms located in cities with HSR connections receive more trade credit from their suppliers. Further analyses show that the HSR effect on trade credit concentrates among customers with poor information transparency and that HSR openings improve the customers’ information environment, suggesting that a decline in information search costs promotes supplier financing. Our finding reveals a positive externality of HSR construction on interfirm financing.

Topic: Working Capital and Financial Performance
Subfield: Accounting
Field: Business, Management and Accounting
Domain: Social Sciences
Analysis of the boundary conditions of the spline filter

The spline filter is a standard linear profile filter recommended by ISO/TS 16610–22 (2006). The main advantage of the spline filter is that no end-effects occur as a result of the filter. The ISO standard also provides the tension parameter to make the transmission characteristic of the spline filter approximately similar to the Gaussian filter. However, when the tension parameter β is not zero, end-effects appear. To resolve this problem, we analyze 14 different combinations of boundary conditions of the spline filter and propose a set of new boundary conditions in this paper. The new boundary conditions can provide satisfactory end portions of the output form without end-effects for the spline filter while still maintaining the value of .

Topic: Advanced Numerical Analysis Techniques
Subfield: Computational Mechanics
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Social Phobia

Abstract Since its official recognition in the third edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM‐III) in 1980, social phobia has been the subject of much empirical study. One of the most common disorders in the general population, social phobia is characterized by extreme social reticence, social isolation, social avoidance, and difficulty in social interaction. This article surveys the clinical syndrome, etiology, and treatment options for this chronic and debilitating disorder.

Topic: Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
Subfield: Experimental and Cognitive Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Lane departure assistance based on balanced longitudinal slip ratio differential braking control

This paper presents studies on differential braking-based Lane Departure Assistance System (LDAS). The dynamic threshold of Time to Lane Crossing (TLC), determined by vehicle heading error, speed, road adhesion and reaction time of human-machine system, is studied to activate driving assistance. Based on 2-DOF reference vehicle model and driver preview model, the desired yaw rate to avoid lane departure is calculated. To avoid loss of lateral stability during braking, strategies for the distribution of braking force are developed based on balanced longitudinal slip ratio, which aim to limit the slip ratio on all wheels. The Hardware in Loop (HIL) test bench is established to evaluate the rapid prototyping of LDAS. Results show that the proposed methods can confine the vehicle in lane effectively with lateral stability maintained and operate robustly, benefiting from timely assistance, model-independent control algorithm, and small and balanced slip ratio.

Topic: Vehicle Dynamics and Control Systems
Subfield: Automotive Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Luxury, effeminacy, corruption: Irving and the gender of democracy

In a democracy the people are, in certain respects, the monarch; in other respects, they are the subjects.They can be the monarch only through their votes which are their wills. The sovereign's will is the sovereign himself. Therefore, the laws establishing the right to vote are fundamental in this government. Indeed, it is as important in this case to regulate how, by whom, for whom, and on what issues votes should be cast, as it is in monarchy to know the monarch and how he should govern.(Baron de Montesquieu, The Spirit of the Laws, 10–11)

Topic: Literature: history, themes, analysis
Subfield: Literature and Literary Theory
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Suppl Table S5 from Identification of RNA-Binding Protein LARP4B as a Tumor Suppressor in Glioma

&lt;p&gt;Genomic alterations in candidate tumor suppressor genes in human low-grade glioma&lt;/p&gt;

Topic: RNA Research and Splicing
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Individual Trajectories of Pessimism about the Future from Adolescence to Adulthood

This study examined individual trajectories of pessimism about the future across adolescence to young adulthood using data from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics (n=2,228). We investigated how pessimism changes across three developmental stages – early adolescence (11-15 years), the transition to adulthood (16-23 years), and young adulthood (24-27 years). Based on piecewise growth curve modeling, pessimism remained stable during early adolescence, rose during the transition to adulthood, and stabilized in young adulthood. Gender differences were negligible, but racial differences were evident. African American individuals reported higher initial levels of pessimism, compared to their White peers, though their pessimism grew at a slightly lower rate during the transition to adulthood. However, while pessimism stabilized for White individuals in adulthood, it continued to increase for African American individuals. Additionally, parental warmth, self-esteem, and sense of purpose buffered against the rise of pessimism, while increased financial responsibility during young adulthood was linked to slower declines in pessimism.

Topic: Optimism, Hope, and Well-being
Subfield: Applied Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
High-Temperature Permittivity and Microwave Pretreatment Characteristics of Nickel-Containing Sludge from Battery Production

Permittivity is a vitally important parameter for the description of the absorption and heating characteristics of materials under microwave irradiation. In this paper, the permittivity of nickel-containing sludge (NCS), which is created during battery production as a cheap secondary resource, was measured at temperatures from 20 °C to 600 °C at 2.45 GHz using the cavity perturbation method. In addition, the loss tangent (tanδ) and penetration depth (Dp) of microwaves into the material were calculated. The results of the permittivity study show that the dielectric constant (ε′) and dielectric loss factor (ε″) of the NCS increase with increasing temperature. The variations of the loss tangent (tanδ) and penetration depth (Dp) with the temperature can be divided into two parts at 200 °C. The effect of the initial moisture content on the dielectric properties of the material is notably greater than that of the temperature, which was confirmed by the heating curve. After microwave pretreatment, the nickel-containing phase is transformed into NiO, while the weight of NCS is reduced by more than 20%, the particle size is significantly reduced and the leaching time reduce 20 min than that of conventional heating.

Topic: Microwave-Assisted Synthesis and Applications
Subfield: Organic Chemistry
Field: Chemistry
Domain: Physical Sciences
Overview of Family Needs after Critical Illness: From Assessment to Intervention

Results of numerous independent studies suggest that families of a critically ill hospitalized member have similar needs that they can readily identify as very important. Empirical analysis of results compiled from many studies across patient populations, settings, geographic locations, and over time indicates that families have primary needs for assurance, proximity, and information. These primary family needs provide a research-based framework to guide critical care nurses in implementing and evaluating family-centered nursing interventions

Topic: Family and Patient Care in Intensive Care Units
Subfield: Radiological and Ultrasound Technology
Field: Health Professions
Domain: Health Sciences
Distribution of electrons over final states in β decay of atomic tritium beyond the shakeoff approximation

Distribution between final states of the ion ${\mathrm{He}}^{+}$ in \ensuremath{\beta} decay of atomic tritium is obtained. The final state interactions between \ensuremath{\beta}-ray and atomic shell are accounted for in the lowest order of expansion in powers of the Sommerfeld parameter. \textcopyright{} 1996 The American Physical Society.

Topic: Atomic and Molecular Physics
Subfield: Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Accelerated Stress Testing of Solar Photovoltaic Modules

In 1974, the U.S. Coast Guard began investigating solar photovoltaic arrays as power sources for marine aids to navigation. Initially, 53 systems consisting of a solar array, battery, and a flashing lamp load were placed in a rooftop test facility adjacent to Long Island Sound in Groton, CT. Within two years, the solar arrays of 25 systems had no power output thereby indicating failure. Effects of the marine environment were judged to be responsible for the failures. In order to use solar arrays on operational aids to navigation, much greater reliability was essential. Consequently, development work was initiated on an accelerated stress test system that would rapidly identify solar photovoltaic modules capable of surviving in the marine environment. This interim report traces the history of accelerated stress testing of solar photovoltaic modules carried out at the U.S. Coast Guard R&amp;D Center. It describes the military standard tests to which the prototype modules were exposed to and the results of that exposure. The report traces the evolution of the simultaneous multiple stress test to the present marine environment screening test. The results of exposure to the marine environment screening test of 136 test modules are reported. (Author)

Topic: Photovoltaic Systems and Sustainability
Subfield: Environmental Engineering
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Diagnostic accuracy of ultrasound examination in detecting aspiration and pharyngeal residue in patients with dysphagia: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Abstract Aim To estimate diagnostic accuracy of ultrasonography for detecting aspiration and pharyngeal residue in patients with dysphagia. Methods A systematic search was conducted in MEDLINE (via PubMed), CINAHL, EMBASE, Ichushi‐Web, and Cochrane Library databases to identify articles that showed diagnostic accuracy of ultrasonography for detecting aspiration and residue published in English and Japanese until August 2019. Cross‐sectional studies, case–control studies, and cohort studies were included. The diagnostic accuracy results were extracted and the pooled estimated sensitivity and specificity were calculated. The risk of bias of the studies was assessed using the Revised Tool for the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies 2. The certainty of the evidence was assessed using the Grades of Recommendation Assessment, Development, and Evaluation methodology. Results Five studies were included in this review. The pooled estimated sensitivity and specificity for detecting aspiration were 0.82 (95% CI: 0.72–0.89) and 0.87 (95% CI: 0.81–0.92), respectively. One study was included that evaluated ultrasound assessments of pharyngeal residue. The sensitivity and specificity were 0.62 (95% CI: 0.32–0.86) and 0.67 (95% CI: 0.22–0.96), respectively. The certainty of the evidence was low and very low for the diagnostic accuracy of aspiration and pharyngeal residue, respectively. Conclusion Ultrasound is a non‐invasive method with good sensitivity and specificity in detecting aspiration as well as reference standards. While risk of bias and small number of studies limited the strength of this systematic review, our results suggested that ultrasound examination was useful as a bedside screening tool for detecting aspiration.

Topic: Dysphagia Assessment and Management
Subfield: Speech and Hearing
Field: Health Professions
Domain: Health Sciences
Membranes of Cationic Gemini Lipids based on Cholesterol with Hydroxyl Headgroups and their Interactions with DNA and Phospholipid

Two series of cholesterol-based cationic gemini lipids with and without hydroxyl functions at the headgroups possessing different lengths of polymethylene [-(CH(2))(n)-] (n = 3, 4, 5, 6, 12) spacer have been synthesized. Each gemini lipid formed stable suspension in water. The suspensions of these gemini lipids in water were investigated using transmission electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering, zeta potential measurements and X-ray diffraction to characterize the nature of the individual aggregates formed therein. The aggregation properties of these gemini lipids in water were found to strongly depend upon the length of the spacer and the presence of hydroxyl group at the headgroup region. Lipoplex formation (DNA binding) and the release of the DNA from such lipoplexes were performed to understand the nature of interactions that prevail between these cationic cholesterol aggregates and duplex DNA. The interactions between such gemini lipids and DNA depend both on the presence of OH on the headgroups and the spacer length between the headgroups. Finally, we studied the effect of incorporation of each cationic gemini lipid into dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine vesicles using differential scanning calorimetry. The properties of the resulting mixed membranes were found again to depend upon the nature of the headgroup and the spacer chain length.

Topic: RNA Interference and Gene Delivery
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
[Evolution of methicillin resistance in Staphylococcus aureus in Cordoba (Spain) in the years 2002-2005].

In the last few years, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has become a very important human pathogen. Our aim was to study the evolution of methicillin resistance of Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated in our hospital over a four-year period and to compare our situation with the rest of Spain and Europe. The rates varied from 39.9% in 2002 to 46.4% in 2005. Units with the highest rate were ICU and surgical wards. We found no glycopeptide-resistant strains.

Topic: Antimicrobial Resistance in Staphylococcus
Subfield: Infectious Diseases
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Motivations for reading stories : : Hedonic responses to fictionality and suspense - eScholarship

Reading stories is an immensely popular cross-cultural pastime, even though its utility is not apparent. People read stories in their leisure time, use them to pass along cultural values and religious beliefs, and share them with their children before bed. Fictional stories in particular are popular, even though it is not clear the information they provide can be applied to real experience. This dissertation explores why people read stories by examining variables that cause stories to be experienced as more or less pleasurable. In particular, we examine fictionality and suspense. Chapter 1 describes three experiments investigating differences between reading fiction and non- fiction. Subjects in the experiments read, respectively, brief synopses, anecdotes from popular websites, and longer narratives. In each case, texts were randomly presented as true, fictional, or indeterminate. Results suggest that, all things being equal, readers prefer a story when they believe it is true. This may be because readers generalize that the events described in true stories occur more commonly in real life. At the same time, readers preferred the style of writing they associated with fiction, demonstrating a preference for the artfulness and confluences of circumstance that characterize invented stories. Suspense is widely considered a crucial narrative element. When asked why they read stories, people commonly reply that they want to find out what happens. Chapter 2 tests the idea that not knowing the ending is crucial to enjoying the first read of a story. Across three experiments, readers of, respectively, stories that end in ironic twists, murder mysteries, and evocative literary stories were informed of the endings before they began reading. Readers preferred spoiled stories in all three genres, suggesting that suspense regarding outcomes is not crucial to story enjoyment. Chapter 3 describes three experiments examining the mechanism underlying preference for spoiled stories. The first, using previously spoiled stories, found that it is increased fluency, rather than either greater attention to aesthetic elements or simple appreciation of anticipated endings, that mediates this effect. Knowing how stories end likely allows readers to focus their attention on relevant details and better comprehend the meaning of events

Topic: Media Influence and Health
Subfield: Literature and Literary Theory
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Elevated Lipoprotein(a) and Premature Coronary Heart Disease

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —Dr Bostom and colleagues in a prospective study<sup>1</sup>report that elevated plasma Lp(a) is an independent risk factor for the development of premature coronary heart disease (CHD) in men. Lp(a) is a unique glycoprotein and may have variable and contrasting effects on different aspects of CHD. As the authors point out,<sup>1</sup>previous studies have been inconclusive in demonstrating a clear link between elevated Lp(a) and risk of acute MI. Acute MI is attributed to the failure of spontaneous thrombolysis,<sup>2</sup>and Lp(a) may influence the formation of coronary thrombus. However, an adverse effect of Lp(a) on the efficacy of thrombolytic therapy has not been reported, and, despite Lp(a) being a risk factor for CHD, its interactions during acute MI remain speculative. Thrombotic occlusion of the infarct-related coronary artery (IRCA) is often intermittent in the early, evolving phase of

Topic: Lipoproteins and Cardiovascular Health
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Associations of Self-rated Fitness and Different Types of Leisure Time Physical Activity With Predicted Aerobic Fitness in 5979 Finnish Adults

Background: In large population studies, comparisons of physical activity, self-rated fitness, and measured aerobic fitness are seldom reported. Measuring aerobic fitness is time-consuming and expensive, thus alternative methods are needed. Objectives: To investigate the recently established Polar Fitness Test (PFT) as a method to predict maximal oxygen uptake (VO 2max , a measure of maximal aerobic power), to assess distribution of predicted VO 2max by gender and age, and to compare predictions to self-reported leisure time physical activity and self-rated fitness level in a large Finnish population sample. Methods: The study population comprised 5979 men and women aged 25 to 74 years who participated in the National FINRISK Study. Subjects filled in standardized questionnaires assessing self-rated fitness level and total, conditioning, commuting, and non-conditioning leisure time physical activity. The PFT was performed by a trained nurse at the study site and was based on resting heart rate measurements, gender, age, height, weight, and self-reported physical activity. Healthy individuals and those with a self-reported cardiovascular disease were analyzed separately. Results: The mean predicted VO 2max was 38.1 and 35.1 ml/kg/min in healthy men and women, respectively. In both genders, predicted VO 2max declined significantly by age. Individuals with cardiovascular disease had lower VO 2max predictions than healthy persons. Healthy men reported total leisure time physical activity slightly less than healthy women. Self-rated fitness level and conditioning and commuting leisure time physical activity were independently associated with predicted VO 2max , while no correlation between non-conditioning leisure time physical activity and predicted aerobic fitness was found. Conclusion: PFT was a feasible method to predict aerobic fitness in a large population study and was related both to self-rated fitness and self-reported physical activity. Aerobic fitness was associated with conditioning and commuting physical activity, but not with non-conditioning physical activity.

Topic: Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
Subfield: Complementary and alternative medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences