jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
THEORETICAL COMPUTATION AND DETECTION OF THE ATMOSPHERIC GRAVITY SIGNALS

Based on the standard atmospheric law and atmospheric colunm distribution model,the atmospheric gravity Green's functions are introduced in this paper, the atmospheric influence on gravity measurements is obtained using a discrete convolution method, the influence of the station height the topography around station and the temperature on gravity signal are discussed. The results show that the air pressure change near station is the main contributor to gravity signals. Considering the loading contribution due to the deformation of the elastic Earth, the atmospheric gravity admittance is obtained to be - 0.3603(Gal / hPa when integrating an area with an angular distance of 0.5°which occupies about 90% of the total atmospheric gravity signals due to the global change of the pressure. This model value coincides well with those observed with superconducting gravimeters and can be used effectively to remove the pressure perturbations appearing in the tidal gravity observations.

Topic: Geophysics and Gravity Measurements
Subfield: Oceanography
Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences
Domain: Physical Sciences
Meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. A concern for standards;.

Evidence-based health care is becoming increasingly popular and, at least in some settings, is being used to assist in the creation of health care policy.1Meta-analyses are a key component of evidence-based health care. Such analyses pool individual randomized controlled trials (RCTs) together to arrive at an overall estimate of the effect of the intervention under consideration. Meta-analyses offer several potential advantages. They provide a systematic and explicit method for synthesizing evidence, a quantitative overall estimate (and confidence intervals) derived from the individual studies, and early evidence as to the effectiveness of treatments, thus reducing the need for continued study. They also can address questions in specific subgroups that individual studies may not have examined. There has been a striking increase in the number of published meta-analyses of RCTs. One of the first medical metaanalyses was published inJAMAin 1955.2By June 1992, the number of meta-analyses

Topic: Meta-analysis and systematic reviews
Subfield: Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty
Field: Decision Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Residues and Dietary Risk Assessment of Imidacloprid in Bamboo Shoot (Phyllostachys praecox), Winter Jujube (Ziziphus jujuba Mill. cv. Dongzao), Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo, and Fritillaria

The widespread use of pesticides poses significant risks to food and environmental safety. Imidacloprid is one of the most effective neuroactive neonicotinoid insecticides and is effective against a broad spectrum of piercing–sucking pests. A rapid, efficient, and high-throughput analysis method for the determination of imidacloprid was developed in four minor crops with six matrices (bamboo shoot, winter jujube, fresh and dry D. officinale, and fresh and dry Fritillaria) by solid-phase extraction and HPLC-MS/MS. The procedure showed satisfying recoveries (72~111%) and RSDs (1~13%). A total of 288 samples were tested in China (Aba and Luan). Imidacloprid residues were 100% detected in fresh and dry D. officinale and winter jujube, with concentrations ranging from 0.048 to 1.550 mg·kg−1. Imidacloprid residues were also abundant in fresh and dry Fritillaria (maximal concentration of 0.021 and 0.063 mg·kg−1, respectively), followed by bamboo shoot, which had the lowest detection rate of imidacloprid (6%). Using the risk quotient (RQ) method, the long-term (RQc) and short-term (RQa) dietary risks of imidacloprid in bamboo shoot, winter jujube, fresh and dry D. officinale, and fresh and dry Fritillaria were further monitored. Based on the imidacloprid residues in this paper, the RQc and RQa were 15.03% and 0.0008~1.7604%, respectively. The RQ values were far less than 100%, showing that Chinese consumers face little health risk as a result of imidacloprid intake.

Topic: Insect and Pesticide Research
Subfield: Insect Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Distal 22q11.2 microduplication combined with typical 22q11.2 proximal deletion: A case report

The 22q11 chromosomal region contains low copy repeats (LCRs) sequences that mediate non‐allelic homologous recombination, which predisposes to copy number variations (CNVs) at this locus. Hemizygous deletions of the proximal 22q11.2 region result in the 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11.2 DS). In addition, 22q11.2 duplications involving the distal LCR22s have been reported. This article describes a patient presenting a 2.5‐Mb de novo deletion at proximal 22q11.21 region (between LCRs A‐D), combined with a 1.3‐Mb maternally inherited duplication at distal 22q11.23 region (between LCRs F‐H). The presence of concomitant chromosomal imbalances found in this patient has not been reported previously. Clinical and molecular data were compared with literature, in order to contribute to genotype‐phenotype correlation. These findings exemplify the complexity and genetic heterogeneity observed in 22q11.2 deletion syndrome and highlights the difficulty to make genetic counseling and predict phenotypic consequences in these situations. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Topic: Congenital heart defects research
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
WITHDRAWN: Pneumonia: A Case Report on Largely Emerging and Severe Infectious Disease from Southeast China and Literature Review

Available online <Date> This article has been withdrawn at the request of the author(s) and/or editor. The Publisher apologizes for any inconvenience this may cause. The full Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal can be found at https://www.elsevier.com/about/our-business/policies/article-withdrawal

Topic: Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections
Subfield: Epidemiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
An ensemble method for reconstructing gene regulatory network with jackknife resampling and arithmetic mean fusion

During the past decades, numerous computational approaches have been introduced for inferring the GRNs. PCA-CMI approach achieves the highest precision on the benchmark GRN datasets; however, it does not recover the meaningful edges that may have been deleted in an earlier iterative process. To recover this disadvantage and enhance the precision and robustness of GRNs inferred, we present an ensemble method, named as JRAMF, to infer GRNs from gene expression data by adopting two strategies of resampling and arithmetic mean fusion in this work. The jackknife resampling procedure were first employed to form a series of sub-datasets of gene expression data, then the PCA-CMI was used to generate the corresponding sub-networks from the sub-datasets, and the final GRN was inferred by integrating these sub-networks with an arithmetic mean fusion strategy. Compared with PCA-CMI algorithm, the results show that JRAMF outperforms significantly PCA-CMI method, which has a high and robust performance.

Topic: Gene Regulatory Network Analysis
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Non-DBS DNA Repair Genes Regulate Radiation-induced Cytogenetic Damage Repair and Cell Cycle Progression

Changes of gene expression profile are one of the most important biological responses in living cells after ionizing radiation (IR) exposure. Although some studies have shown that genes up-regulated by IR may play important roles in DNA damage repair, the relationship between the regulation of gene expression by IR, particularly genes not known for their roles in DSB repair, and its impact on cytogenetic responses has not been systematically studied. In the present study, the expression of 25 genes selected on the basis of their transcriptional changes in response to IR was individually knocked down by transfection with small interfering RNA in human fibroblast cells. The purpose of this study is to identify new roles of these selected genes on regulating DSB repair and cell cycle progression , as measured in the micronuclei formation and chromosome aberration. In response to IR, the formation of MN was significantly increased by suppressed expression of 5 genes: Ku70 in the DSB repair pathway, XPA in the NER pathway, RPA1 in the MMR pathway, and RAD17 and RBBP8 in cell cycle control. Knocked-down expression of 4 genes (MRE11A, RAD51 in the DSB pathway, SESN1, and SUMO1) significantly inhibited cell cycle progression, possibly because of severe impairment of DNA damage repair. Furthermore, loss of XPA, P21, or MLH1 expression resulted in both significantly enhanced cell cycle progression and increased yields of chromosome aberrations, indicating that these gene products modulate both cell cycle control and DNA damage repair. Most of the 11 genes that affected cytogenetic responses are not known to have clear roles influencing DBS repair. Nine of these 11 genes were up-regulated in cells exposed to gamma radiation, suggesting that genes transcriptionally modulated by IR were critical to regulate the biological consequences after IR.

Topic: DNA Repair Mechanisms
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Modelling Axisymmetric Centrifugal Compressor Characteristics From First Principles

Abstract Turbochargers are a vital component for aiding engine manufacturers in meeting the latest emissions standards. However, their range of operation is limited for low mass flows by compressor surge. Operation in surge results in pressure and mass flow oscillations that are often damaging to the compressor and its installation. Since surge is a highly complex flow regime, full unsteady 3D models are generally too computationally expensive to run. The majority of current low-dimensional surge models use a cubic compressor characteristic that needs to be fitted to experimental data. Therefore, each time a compressor is studied using these models, costly experimental testing is required. In this paper, a new technique for obtaining an axisymmetric centrifugal compressor characteristic is presented. This characteristic is built using the equations of mass, momentum and energy from first principles in order to provide a more complete model than those currently obtained via experimental data. This approach enables us to explain the resulting cubic-like shape of the characteristic and hence to identify impeller inlet stall as a route into surge. The characteristic is used within a quasi-steady, map-based surge model in order to demonstrate its ability to predict the onset of surge while only providing geometric data as input. Validation is provided for this model by discussion of the qualitative flow dynamics and a good fit to experimental data, especially for low impeller speeds and pressure ratios.

Topic: Turbomachinery Performance and Optimization
Subfield: Aerospace Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Acknowledgements

A collection of essays about the Colonial Medical Service of Africa in which a group of distinguished colonial historians illustrate the diversity and active collaborations to be found in the untidy reality of government medical provision. The authors present important case studies in a series of essays covering former British colonial dependencies in Africa, including Kenya, Malawi, Nigeria, Tanzania, Uganda, and Zanzibar. These studies reveal many new insights into the enactments of colonial policy and the ways in which colonial doctors negotiated the day-to-day reality during the height of Imperial rule in Africa. The book provides essential reading for scholars and students of colonial history, medical history and colonial administration.

Topic: African history and culture studies
Subfield: Anthropology
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
SIGNIFICANCE OF FUNGI ASSOCIATED WITH SMOKE-CURED<i>ETHMALOSA FIMBRIATA</i>AND<i>CLARIAS GARIEPINUS</i>

ABSTRACT Fish species from the vast inland and coastal water bodies of Nigeria are usually smoked to reduce moisture and preserve the fishes for the arduous trips to urban markets. The most common source of deterioration is due to fungal attack. The present study investigated the fungi associated with two commonly smoke-cured fish species, Ethmalosa fimbriata and Clarias gariepinus. The moisture content of the smoke-dried fishes was between 14.42 and 26.70%, while the fungal count was between 105 and 106 cfu/g. This placed the fish samples in class B (microbiological status of the food is less than satisfactory but is still acceptable for consumption) of ready-to-eat foods. The fungi species isolated were mainly of the genera Aspergillus and Penicillium and 37.5 and 25% of these genera were probably toxigenic as they were tested positive for aflatoxin. The fact that these mold species are known producers of potent mycotoxins is significant from a food safety point of view. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS The nutritional value of smoke-cured fish is not significantly diminished by the smoking process, but the economic value may be determined by the quality of the fish presented for sale. This study has shown that the presence of fungi, particularly aflatoxigenic molds, in smoke-cured Ethmalosa fimbriata and Clarias gariepinus is very significant from a food safety point of view. The practical applications of these findings should be aimed at quality assurance of these products in order to ensure that the smoking process is carried out hygienically and effectively to safe moisture levels that prevent proliferation of toxigenic fungi. It might also be necessary to ensure appropriate packaging and storage procedures to prevent postprocessing contamination by both handlers and consumers. The application of the Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point principles to smoked-fish processing is also practicable.

Topic: Essential Oils and Antimicrobial Activity
Subfield: Food Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
<i>What Maisie Knew:</i>A Child's Experience of Divorce

Abstract This is a discussion of how a fictional child, as portrayed in a novel by Henry James, attempts to deal with the complex relationships that follow a bitter divorce. The various strategies used by the child are considered, both as they are described by James, and in the light of today's psychological theory. The article challenges us, as adults, to think more deeply about the nature of a child's experience of parental conflict and separation. Keywords: childrenconflictdivorceHenry Jamesnarrative

Topic: Child Welfare and Adoption
Subfield: Safety Research
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Dwelling in the Ruins

Those of us who, like me, have found the University a place where a critical function has in the past been possible, have to face up to the fact that our current gains in critical freedom (unimaginable shifts in the institutional face of new programs, etc.) are being achieved in direct proportion to the reduction in their general social significance. This is not in itself any reason to abandon projects for change or innovation. Far from it. But what is required is that we do not delude ourselves as to their significance, that we do not satisfy ourselves with rebuilding a ghost town. Energies directed exclusively towards University reform risk blinding us to the dimensions of the task that faces us—in the humanities, the social sciences, and the natural sciences—the task of rethinking the categories that have governed intellectual life for over two hundred years.

Topic: Society, Economy, and Ethics Research
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Budd-Chiari Syndrome: Analysis of 30 Cases

The authors report their experience with 30 adult patients with Budd-Chiari syndrome (BCS), which is a rare and serious disorder, characterized by hepatic outflow obstruction caused by many different conditions. The diagnosis was based on the clinical data, ultrasonography (US), vena cavography and hepatic venography, computed tomography (CT), and liver bi-opsy. Beh&amp;amp;ccedil;et’s disease (BD) was found in 10 patients with BCS as an underlying disease. Two patients used oral contraceptive drugs, 2 had liver tumor hepato-cellular carcinoma and liver lymphoma, and 1 patient had chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Despite full investigation, the authors could not find any obvious un-derlying cause in the other 15 patients. The results suggest that (1) BCS must be considered as a possible complica-tion in patients with Beh&amp;amp;ccedil;et’s disease when they have hepatomegaly even if there were no cardinal manifestations of the disease at the time of admission, and BD is the most common etiologic factor in BCS (33%) in Turkey, where the inci-dence of Beh&amp;amp;ccedil;et’s disease is relatively high. (2) Anti-aggregant treatment seems to be effective in many instances. (3) There were space-occupying lesion-like appearances in the liver of 7 cases by CT and US examination in the acute stage, and these disappeared on the follow-up CT and US in 5 patients but continued in 2. BCS should thus be differentiated from other liver lesions. (4) There were other great-vessel involvements in 43 % of the cases, mostly venous, but only 1 pulmonary arterial occlusion.

Topic: Liver Disease and Transplantation
Subfield: Hepatology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Subject-verb agreement and the rise of <i>do</i>-support in the period of anglicisation ofScots

Abstract Scots subject-verb (S-V) agreement is historically distinct from that of (Standard) English, as Older Scots employed a version of the Northern Subject Rule (NSR). It has been suggested that the NSR is a similar last-resort operation to do -support ( de Haas 2011 ), giving rise to the question of whether do -support entered grammar competition with the NSR when it emerged in Scots. Using the new Parsed Corpus of Scottish Correspondence (1540–1750), this study explores the presence of these S-V agreement strategies in 16th–18th century Scots, and investigates the possibility that NSR constraints influence the trajectory of Scots do -support. The findings indicate that the NSR declines as do -support emerges in the PCSC data, but apparently without interference from subject type constraints.

Topic: Linguistic Variation and Morphology
Subfield: Linguistics and Language
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Association between low maternal serum aflatoxin B1 exposure and adverse pregnancy outcomes in Mombasa, Kenya, 2017–2019: A nested matched case–control study

Abstract We examined the association between serum aflatoxin B1‐lysine adduct (AFB1‐lys) levels in pregnant women and adverse pregnancy outcomes (low birthweight, miscarriage and stillbirth) through a nested matched case–control study of pregnant women enroled at ≤28 weeks' gestation in Mombasa, Kenya, from 2017 to 2019. Cases comprised women with an adverse birth outcome, defined as either delivery of a singleton infant weighing &lt;2500 g, or a miscarriage, or a stillbirth, while controls were women who delivered a singleton live infant with a birthweight of ≥2500 g. Cases were matched to controls at a ratio of 1:2 based on maternal age at enrolment, gestational age at enrolment and study site. The primary exposure was serum AFB1‐lys. The study included 125 cases and 250 controls. The median gestation age when serum samples were collected was 23.0 weeks (interquartile range [IQR]: 18.1–26.0) and 23.5 (IQR: 18.1–26.5) among cases and controls, respectively. Of the 375 tested sera, 145 (38.7%) had detectable serum AFB1‐lys: 36.0% in cases and 40.0% in controls. AFB1‐lys adduct levels were not associated with adverse birth outcomes on multivariable analysis. Mid‐upper arm circumference was associated with a 6% lower odds of adverse birth outcome for every unit increase ( p = 0.023). Two‐fifths of pregnant women had detectable levels of aflatoxin midway through pregnancy. However, we did not detect an association with adverse pregnancy outcomes, likely because of low serum AFB1‐lys levels and low power, restricting meaningful comparison. More research is needed to understand the public health risk of aflatoxin in pregnant women to unborn children.

Topic: Mycotoxins in Agriculture and Food
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Computing Connection Matrices via Persistence-like Reductions

Connection matrices are a generalization of Morse boundary operators from the classical Morse theory for gradient vector fields. Developing an efficient computational framework for connection matrices is particularly important in the context of a rapidly growing data science that requires new mathematical tools for discrete data. Toward this goal, the classical theory for connection matrices has been adapted to combinatorial frameworks that facilitate computation. We develop an efficient persistence-like algorithm to compute a connection matrix from a given combinatorial (multi) vector field on a simplicial complex. This algorithm requires a single-pass, improving upon a known algorithm that runs an implicit recursion executing two-passes at each level. Overall, the new algorithm is more simple, direct, and efficient than the state-of-the-art. Because of the algorithm's similarity to the persistence algorithm, one may take advantage of various software optimizations from topological data analysis.

Topic: Topological and Geometric Data Analysis
Subfield: Computational Theory and Mathematics
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
An analytical model for a two-layer LTCC beam

For the design of a force sensor in low temperature co-fired ceramics (LTCC) technology, the modulus of elasticity of the underlying LTCC substrate is an essential design parameter. Since the LTCC substrate may be subjected to forces that could exceed the flexural strength of a single LTCC layer, multiple LTCC tapes are laminated together in order to increase the maximum applicable force. Preceding measurements did show that the effective modulus of elasticity of LTCC laminates is below the modulus of elasticity of a single LTCC layer with theoretically the same thickness. This paper deals with an analytical model to describe macroscopically the mechanical interface behavior of two-layer LTCC laminates. In this model an interlayer slip is defined which allows the description of the laminate's characteristics by a constant interlayer slip modulus.

Topic: Electrical and Thermal Properties of Materials
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Mesoptychia heterocolpos L. Soderstr. et Vana, Phytotaxa

Mesoptychia heterocolpos (Thed. ex Hartm.) L.Söderstr. et Váňa, Phytotaxa 65: 53, 2012 (see Váňa et al. 2012e). BASIONYM: Jungermannia heterocolpos Thed. ex Hartm., Handb. Skand. Fl., ed. 3: 328, 1838 (see Hartman 1838).

Topic: Bryophyte Studies and Records
Subfield: Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
THERMOGRAVIMETRIC STUDY OF ORTHOBORIC ACID, H3BO3. 1. DEHYDRATION AS INFLUENCED BY THE FOLLOWING FACTORS: RATE OF HEATING; DEGREE OF FINENESS AND THICKNESS OF SUBSTANCE; DRY OR HUMID GAS ATMOSPHERE,

Abstract : The thermogravimetric curves depend to a large extent on the operating conditions, hence it is advisable to approach them with caution: neither the plateaus--even if characteristic ones--nor their levels are immovable. Not keeping in mind the various factors capable of modifying the curves may not only lead to serious errors-analytical errors for example--but also to a neglecting of new phenomena: e.g. the appearance of the Y plateaus, intermediate between the HBO2 and B2O3 levels--which is normally unpredictable--is capable of throwing light on certain particular aspects of the mechanism of dehydration. The case is the same with the angular inflections. (Author)

Topic: Thermal and Kinetic Analysis
Subfield: Materials Chemistry
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences