jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
FINAL INSTAR LARVA AND METAMORPHOSIS OF HYPOPYRA PUDENS WALKER IN SINGAPORE (LEPIDOPTERA: NOCTUIDAE: CATOCALINAE)

The noctuid moth, Hypopyra pudens Walker, 1858, belongs to the tribe Hypopyrini of the subfamily Catocalinae (Holloway, 2005). This species is wide-ranging in Asia and has been recorded from Japan, India, the Andaman Islands, Sundaland, and Sulawesi (Holloway, 2005). In Singapore, an early report by Michael W. F. Tweedie (former director of the Raffles Museum, Singapore: 1946–1971) noted the arrival of a “leaf-like” example of “Enmonodia pudens” to overripe pineapple bait placed in forest near the MacRitchie Reservoir (Tweedie, 1953). Three examples of a common noctuid, Erebus ephesperis (Hubner, 1827), were also attracted to this fruit bait (Tweedie, 1953: pl. 8). In addition, there are representative voucher specimens of Hypopyra pudens deposited in the Zoological Reference Collection (ZRC) of the Raffles Museum of Biodiversity Research (RMBR), National University of Singapore. Locally, there have been no published accounts of its caterpillar. This article documents the final instar larva and metamorphosis from a specimen encountered in the Central Catchment Nature Reserve, Singapore.

Topic: Lepidoptera: Biology and Taxonomy
Subfield: Genetics
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Branched broomrape detection in tomato farms using satellite imagery and time-series analysis

Branched broomrape (Phelipanche ramosa (L.) Pomel) is a chlorophyll-deficient parasitic plant that threatens tomato production by extracting nutrients from the host, with reported yield losses up to 80 percent. Its mostly subterranean life cycle and prolific seed production (more than 200,000 seeds per plant, viable for up to 20 years) make early detection essential. We present an end-to-end pipeline that uses Sentinel-2 imagery and time-series analysis to identify broomrape-infested tomato fields in California. Regions of interest were defined from farmer-reported infestations, and images with less than 10 percent cloud cover were retained. We processed 12 spectral bands and sun-sensor geometry, computed 20 vegetation indices (e.g., NDVI, NDMI), and derived five plant traits (Leaf Area Index, Leaf Chlorophyll Content, Canopy Chlorophyll Content, Fraction of Absorbed Photosynthetically Active Radiation, and Fractional Vegetation Cover) using a neural network calibrated with ground-truth and synthetic data. Trends in Canopy Chlorophyll Content delineated transplanting-to-harvest periods, and phenology was aligned using growing degree days. Vegetation pixels were segmented and used to train a Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) network on 18,874 pixels across 48 growing-degree-day time points. The model achieved 88 percent training accuracy and 87 percent test accuracy, with precision 0.86, recall 0.92, and F1 0.89. Permutation feature importance ranked NDMI, Canopy Chlorophyll Content, FAPAR, and a chlorophyll red-edge index as most informative, consistent with the physiological effects of infestation. Results show the promise of satellite-driven time-series modeling for scalable detection of parasitic stress in tomato farms.

Topic: Plant Parasitism and Resistance
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Oxide thermal stability on gamma titanium aluminide

Surface composition plays an important role in hydrogen embrittlement of the TiAl-based structural alloys proposed for NASP. A clear understanding of the thermal stability of the oxide on the various titanium aluminides will give important insight into the way that hydrogen reacts with these materials in the initial step of the hydriding process. The present work addresses these issues by using surface probes to analyze the thermal stability of an oxide formed under atmospheric conditions on gamma titanium aluminide. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Auger electron spectroscopy (AES) have been employed to characterize the surface composition and bonding when the oxidized material is annealed to {approximately}600{degree}C in vacuum. The measurements show that the oxygen is largely preserved at the surface while the aluminum-oxide bond becomes more prominent.

Topic: Intermetallics and Advanced Alloy Properties
Subfield: Mechanical Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
682 TEI-Pulsed tissue Doppler imaging index in the detection of viability in akinetic left ventricular segments

Background: Echocardiographic characteristics and their implication in the outcome of elderly patients hospitalised with acute myocardial infarction are largely unknown.Methods: We studied 92 consecutive patients 89 years of age or older admitted from January 1998 to December 2002 to our institution with an acute myocardial infarction with ST-segment elevation and/or left bundle branch block on their first 12 lead ECG, 74 (80.4%) had an echocardiographic study and were the population of interest, although 5 echocardiographys were performed in an acute situation to confirm heart rupture and only provided data concerning pericardial effusion.Results: Age ranged from 89 to 97, mean 91.3±2.2 years.There were 60 women (65.2%).Echocardiographic features: 1) Left ventricle.Ejection fraction: Normal 13 patients (18.8%), 0.41-0.5 14 patients(20.3%),0.31-0.4 9 patients (13.0%), <0.31 33 patients (47,8%).Dilatation 17 (25.4%).Hypertrophy 26 (38.8%), moderate/severe hypertrophy 11 (16.4%).2) Moderate/severe valvular disease: Mitral regurgitation 24 (35.3%),Aortic stenosis 7 (10,5%).3) Severe pericardial effusion: 6 (8.1%), all of them died during hospital admission.In-Hospital mortality was higher among patients with left ventricle ejection fraction <0.31 36.4% vs 5.6% in pts with left ventricle ejection fraction>0.3,p=0.007 and among patients with severe pericardial effusion: 100% vs 15% in patientswith moderate or less pericardial effusion, p<0.001.We also found a trend towards a higher mortality in patients with moderate/severe aortic stenosis 28.6% vs. 16.6% in patients with no significant aortic stenosis, p=0.4.Conclusion Patients aged 89 years or older with an AMI present frequently with severely depressed LVEF, severe pericardial effusion, and significant aortic stenosis.Each of these echocardiographic parameters could increase in-hospital mortality. 682TEI-Pulsed tissue Doppler imaging index in the detection of viability in akinetic left ventricular segments.

Topic: Cardiac Imaging and Diagnostics
Subfield: Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
The paradox of inclusion and exclusion in membership associations

We use interviews and a focus group with leaders of a sample of nonprofit professional and trade membership associations based in the United States to understand what the leaders recognize to be their membership association’s diversity challenges and initiatives. We identify incentives, identity and power challenges as fundamental influences on the diversity of potential and existing members. Our analysis reveals a paradox in which attempts to increase the association’s inclusiveness are met with countervailing desires to maintain the membership association’s exclusiveness. We find that leaders may attempt to manage the paradox through strategies that legitimize diversity initiatives, change the membership association’s identity to reflect the valuing of diversity, and take advantage of organizational structures to embed diversity-related practices and accountability. These strategies have been discussed in the diversity management literature but without our paradox perspective. Additionally, paradox literature emphasizes the importance of ambidextrous (‘both/and’) approaches to paradox management, but these strategies may reflect an ‘either/or’ approach as leaders push their agenda forward, potentially in direct conflict with the desires of some current members.

Topic: Nonprofit Sector and Volunteering
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Supplemental Figure 1 from Clinical Utility of a Blood-Based BRAF&lt;sup&gt;V600E&lt;/sup&gt; Mutation Assay in Melanoma

&lt;p&gt;BRAFV600E levels in patients with detectable BRAFV600E mutation in tissue who had peripheral blood cell isolation using CPT tubes vs Ficoll.&lt;/p&gt;

Topic: Melanoma and MAPK Pathways
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Experimental and Clinical Studies of Phonocardiogram : Effects of the Changes of Preceding R-R Interval and Intraventricular Conduction on First and Second Heart Sound.

There have been many contraversies or disputes concerning to the hemodynamic mechanism of the development of the first sound and splitting of the second sound. Still many arguments are present whether the first heart sound is developed simply by the vibratory movements of the valvular leaflets or with cardiac muscular tonic vibration. It has been well known that the prolonging diastasis increases the filling volume from atria to ventricle which may affect the modes of ventricular isometric contraction and also the ventricular premature beats, either induced experimentally or clinically, interrupt any points of the time during diastasis and may result in abnormally delayed intraventricular conduction. The purpose of this paper is to study the hemodynamic mechanism for the development of first and second heart sound in case with variable R-R interval because of the occur rences of vent.ricular premature beats induced experimentally in dogs by mechanical or electrical stimulation to the both ventricles or in clinical cases. A) The author has studied the Q-I time, amplitude and splitting of Ist soundin a series of dogs with experimentally induced premature ventricular contractions, as mentioned about. Q-I time equivocally prolonged which has been attributed to the effects of electrical as well as mechanical delay of the onset of ventricular contraction. Succeeding isometric contraction period also prolonged. The amplitude of the Ist sound appeared to show positive correlation to the preceding diastolic period, which also suggested the presence of positive correlation between the amplitude of Ist sound and ventricular filling volume. In case with extreme short preceding R-R interval, the amplitude of Ist sound was significantly reduced and the succeeding ventricular ejection was failed to take place. These observations suggest cooperated action between vibrations of valvular leaflet and myocardial tonic vibration in establishing the Ist heart sound.

Topic: Phonocardiography and Auscultation Techniques
Subfield: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Evaluation of a Backpack-Mounted 3D Mobile Scanning System

Recently, several backpack-mounted systems, also known as personal laser scanning systems, have been developed. They consist of laser scanners or cameras that are carried by a human operator to acquire measurements of the environment while walking. These systems were first designed to overcome the challenges of mapping indoor environments with doors and stairs. While the human operator inherently has the ability to open doors and to climb stairs, the flexible movements introduce irregularities of the trajectory to the system. To compete with other mapping systems, the accuracy of these systems has to be evaluated. In this paper, we present an extensive evaluation of our backpack mobile mapping system in indoor environments. It is shown that the system can deal with the normal human walking motion, but has problems with irregular jittering. Moreover, we demonstrate the applicability of the backpack in a suitable urban scenario.

Topic: Robotics and Sensor-Based Localization
Subfield: Aerospace Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
I Should Learn to Feel Secure but I Don’t Because I Feel Insecure: The Relationship between Qualitative Job Insecurity and Work-Related Learning in the Public Sector

Employees who feel insecure about their job participate less in work-related learning. This is paradoxical given that work-related learning is advanced as a way to prepare for upcoming change. This may induce a cycle in which job insecurity leads to gradual more insecurity and less participation in work-related learning, yet this has not yet been probed in much detail. We study this cycle. In doing so, we account for different forms work-related learning, both formal and informal, and we focus upon felt insecurity about how the job might look like in the future, coined qualitative job insecurity: this has particular resonance in the public sector. Hypotheses were tested using a random-intercept cross-lagged panel model among 922 Flemish public sector employees Employees who experience higher qualitative job insecurity participate less in formal work-related learning and participation in formal learning decreases feelings of job insecurity. This aligns with the idea of cycles.

Topic: Employment and Welfare Studies
Subfield: General Health Professions
Field: Health Professions
Domain: Health Sciences
Complete genomes of <i>Salmonella</i> and draft genome of <i>Escherichia</i> isolates from oysters collected in Canada

ABSTRACT Human enteric pathogens in fresh uncooked seafood are of concern to human health. Here, we report the complete genomes of bacteria not commonly found in freshly harvested seafood, two Salmonella Typhimurium strains and one draft Escherichia coli genome, isolated from harvested oysters grown in Canada.

Topic: Salmonella and Campylobacter epidemiology
Subfield: Food Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
A multicolor biosensor for alkaline phosphatase activity detection based on the peroxidase activity of copper nanoclusters and etching of gold nanorods

A multicolor biosensor for ALP activity has been developed based on the peroxidase activity of copper nanoclusters and etching of gold nanorods.

Topic: Advanced Nanomaterials in Catalysis
Subfield: Materials Chemistry
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
P-217 Paediatric palliative care transition – a service evaluation of support for teenagers with life-limiting conditions in south wales

&lt;sec&gt;&lt;st&gt;Background&lt;/st&gt; With the increasing survival of children with life-limiting conditions, support through teenage years and into adult services is of vital importance to children and families. The All Wales Paediatric Palliative Care Team has identified the need to implement a robust transition service. &lt;/sec&gt; &lt;sec&gt;&lt;st&gt;Aims&lt;/st&gt; Undertake a two stage service evaluation of transition support in South Wales: 1) An audit of current provision against national transition guidance from NICE (2016) and Together for Short Lives (2015) 2) A qualitative assessment of the transition process by staff and families. &lt;/sec&gt; &lt;sec&gt;&lt;st&gt;Method&lt;/st&gt; A retrospective notes audit was completed using hospice and hospital records. Care provided for 20 patients of transition age (14–17 years), and 10 patients post transition (18+) was assessed. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with eight families and 17 staff working with transition patients in a variety of roles. &lt;/sec&gt; &lt;sec&gt;&lt;st&gt;Results&lt;/st&gt; For 25% of families, transition was the main concern they had when considering their child’s future. During transition planning, all families had their ethical and cultural needs considered, with family wishes/aspirations for adulthood recorded in 63% of cases. 13% had documented goals for transition. There was no documented support for developing identity/sexuality/relationships, or spiritual development. By transition age, 37% had their needs met by an appropriate adult service. Two-thirds of families felt well supported during their transition. 67% felt poorly informed regarding adult services, despite 80% having met a member of adult palliative care team. No patients had a formal transition plan. 50% of staff felt support for transition was inadequate, with 70% expressing the need for improved continuity in the service. &lt;/sec&gt; &lt;sec&gt;&lt;st&gt;Conclusion&lt;/st&gt; A clear transition process is required to ensure early planning, that needs are met by adult services, and that family goals drive the transition process. Issues of identity, sexuality and spiritual development require specific focus. Funding, training and improved key working need to be addressed. A multidisciplinary approach with improved access to adult respite services is vital. &lt;/sec&gt;

Topic: Adolescent and Pediatric Healthcare
Subfield: Speech and Hearing
Field: Health Professions
Domain: Health Sciences
Post-surgery perception of subjective contour figures in the cases of the congenitally blind

The present experiment was planned to examine whether or not the congenitally blind after surgery were capable of seeing the subjective contour, when Kanizsa's original and a modified version of it were presented for the first time. Three subjects (M. O., To. M. and K. T.) who have continued a series of experiments for visual learning with us participated in the experimental runs. All subjects have already attained the ability to identify the 2D shape and solids. Initially it was expected that the subject's response could be classified as indicating that the subjective contours were seen or that they were not. However, it was found that (1) at least another two classes of responses should be added, and (2) that the commonly reported phenomenon of subjective contours in the normally sighted was rare in the congenitally blind subjects after surgery. A theoretical implication of the results is briefly discussed.

Topic: Visual perception and processing mechanisms
Subfield: Cognitive Neuroscience
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences
Combined tamoxifen and anabolic steroid as primary treatment for breast carcinoma in the elderly.

Fifty-one consecutive patients aged over 70 years with localized breast carcinoma received primary treatment with tamoxifen and nandrolone decanoate. Results were compared to a control group of 51 age, tumour volume and nodal status-matched patients selected from a cohort who had primary treatment with tamoxifen alone. One year after commencement of treatment 31 (60%) patients treated with tamoxifen and nandrolone showed regression of their tumour, compared to 24 (47%) in the control group. Twenty-two (44%) patients had side effects attributable to nandrolone. Only four (8%) patients continued nandrolone for more than 12 months, and at 3 years after commencement of treatment 21 (40%) patients from each group had tumour regression. We argue that nandrolone should not be used as primary treatment in breast carcinoma, but may have a role to play in patients who fail to respond to tamoxifen.

Topic: Estrogen and related hormone effects
Subfield: Genetics
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Technological Contexts in Developing Bamboo Wall System for Housing in Indonesia and Philippines

The development of bamboo wall technology for housing depends on its technological context. Reviews on a number of literatures indicated that there are some major issues about bamboo wall technology such as: construction technology, performance of construction materials, strength and durability of components and building systems. The aims of developing the technologies could be defined such as: post-disaster conditions, affordable housing, wind and earthquake resistance, weather and climate resistance. This paper will discuss about the comparison of several approaches in building bamboo wall technology in Indonesia and Philippines. In Philippines, the building technology must have optimum resistance to both typhoons and earthquakes, while in Indonesia the building must have good resistance against earthquakes. Both have a big challenge in promoting social status and long durability.

Topic: Bamboo properties and applications
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Effects of induced arsenocosis on skin, intestine, lungs and gizzards of broilers

The study was conducted to determine the level of accumulation of arsenic concentration in lungs, intestine, gizzard and skin of broilers. Forty eight apparently healthy day-old "Star-bro" broiler chicks (already vaccinated with Marek's disease vaccine in the hatchery) were reared up to 34 days. All chicks were reared in the same brooder up to 7 days of age and then all broiler chicks (48) were divided into 4 different groups; Group-A, Group-B, Group-C and Group Control each consisting of 12 chicks. Birds of Group-A, B, and C were given 1, 0.5, and 0.25 ppm arsenic, respectively mixing with drinking water (distilled water). No arsenic treatment was given in the Control Group. Two birds from each group were selected randomly for slaughter at the day of 14, 21, 28, 30, 32 and 34, respectively. Body weight was noted down and external examination was performed before post mortem examinations. After collection, the samples were prepared by a series of steps such as, washing, drying and digestion; finally arsenic was detected by atomic absorption spectophotometric method. The mean highest arsenic concentration in lungs, intestine, gizzard and skin were 1.027±0.1265 ppm in Group-B, 0.422±0.0228 ppm in group-A, 0.2885±0.032 ppm in group-B, 0.3198±0.057 ppm in group-A (in all case n=6), respectively. In this study it was found that the level of arsenic in lungs, intestine, gizzard and skin is greater than that of the maximum permissible level in drinking water (0.05ppm, WHO). From the findings of the present study gives an indication of severe human health hazards caused by arsenic through animals as well as agro based human food which is still unnoticed. Asian Australas. J. Biosci. Biotechnol. 2016, 1 (2), 190-198

Topic: Arsenic contamination and mitigation
Subfield: Environmental Chemistry
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Galectin-3 is elevated following nintedanib treatment

<b>Background &amp;amp; Objective:</b> Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a common and severe form of pulmonary fibrosis. Nintedanib, a triple angiokinase inhibitor, is approved for treating IPF and other progressive interstitial lung diseases (ILD). Galectin 3 (Gal-3) activates a variety of pro-fibrotic processes. Currently, the Gal-3 inhibitor (TD139 by Galecto) is being tested in phase-II clinical trials 9on-top9 of Nintedanib. Therefore, we evaluated the impact of Nintedanib on Gal-3 expression using in-vitro and in-vivo models, in addition to IPF patient samples. <b>Methods:</b> Gal-3 levels were evaluated in IPF and control tissue samples, primary human lung fibroblasts (HLFs) following Nintedanib treatment (10-100nM, qPCR and Western blot) and in a silica-induced-fibrosis mouse model with/without Nintedanib (0.021-0.21 mg/kg) by immunohistochemistry (IHC). Additionally, Gal-3 levels were analyzed in serum samples from 41 ILD patients with/without Nintedanib treatment by ELISA. <b>Results:</b> Nintedanib addition to HLFs resulted in significant elevations in Gal-3, pSTAT3, as well as IL-8 mRNA levels (p&amp;lt;0.05). Gal-3 expression was elevated in IPF tissue samples compared with non-IPF controls (p&amp;lt;0.05). IHC staining demonstrated stromal involvement with strong staining mainly in the alveolar macrophages. In the in-vivo mouse model, Gal-3 levels were increased following fibrosis induction and even further increased with the addition of Nintedanib, mostly in macrophages (p&amp;lt;0.05). Patients receiving Nintedanib presented with higher Gal-3 serum levels in comparison to those who did not (p&amp;lt;0.05). <b>Conclusion:</b> Nintedanib elevates Gal-3 levels in both experimental models, along with patient samples. These findings highlight the possibility of using combined inhibition therapy.

Topic: Galectins and Cancer Biology
Subfield: Immunology
Field: Immunology and Microbiology
Domain: Life Sciences