jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Android smartphone adoption and intention to pay for mobile internet

Purpose The research goal of this study is to explore the factors influencing the adoption of Android smartphones and the intention to pay for mobile internet services. Design/methodology/approach The present study proposes a framework based on theory of reasoned action (TRA) from the perspectives of software (interface convenience and perceived content), hardware (perceived infrastructure), design (design aesthetics) and perceived value (emotional value, price/value for money, performance/quality value, and social value). A web survey was conducted, and data were collected from a total of 881 users of Android smartphones in Taiwan. The casual model was validated using partial least squares (PLS) techniques. Findings The results indicated that the influence of the factors on the intention of the mobile internet users and non‐users were different. Surprisingly, the effect of design aesthetics was not significant in all of the groups. Male users were found to be more likely to read e‐books on their smartphones, as are people with higher personal incomes. Practical implications This study contributes to a theoretical understanding of the factors that promote mobile internet users' and non‐users' intention to adopt Android smartphones and pay for mobile internet services. The proposed framework can be used by mobile internet service providers and smartphone manufacturers to design the products and marketing strategies. Originality/value The primary value of this paper lies in providing a better understanding of users' and non‐users' concerns about Android smartphone adoption and subscription of mobile internet services.

Topic: Technology Adoption and User Behaviour
Subfield: Information Systems and Management
Field: Decision Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
A new approach to understanding T cell development: the isolation and characterization of immature CD4-, CD8-, CD3- T cell cDNAs by subtraction cloning.

During T cell development in the mammalian thymus, immature T cells are observed that lack the cell surface markers CD4, CD8, and CD3. A subtracted cDNA library was constructed to isolate cDNAs that are specific for these immature T cells. Tissue-specific expression of 97 individual cDNAs were examined using different cell types by Northern blot analysis, and six cDNAs were analyzed by reverse transcriptase (RT) polymerase chain reaction (PCR) detection of RNA. Approximately 50% of the clones could not be detected on Northern blots, and 40% of the clones were expressed by at least one other cell-type including monocytes, mature T cells, and B cells. Eight cDNA clones appear to be specific for the CD4-, CD8-, CD3- T cell line, used to construct the library, as determined by Northern blot analysis. In addition, 330 cDNA clones were subjected to partial automated DNA sequence determination. Database searches, with both nucleotide and protein translations, revealed cDNAs that exhibit interesting similarities to human cell-cycle gene 1, platelet-derived growth factor receptor, c-fms oncogene (CSF-1) receptor, and members of the immunoglobulin gene superfamily. This approach of employing subtraction coupled with large scale partial cDNA sequence determination can be useful to identify genes that may be involved in early T cell growth, cellular recognition or differentiation.

Topic: Glycosylation and Glycoproteins Research
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
CW-THz System for High Scan Rate Inline Thickness Measurements

We present a cw-THz system operating at 1 THz without moving components and with a high potential for integration. A high scan rate of the system is enabled by a single, fiber coupled monolithic Y-DFB laser, in which one of the emission modes is modulated in wavelength by gain current modulation.

Topic: Photonic and Optical Devices
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Metastatic pulmonary pleomorphic carcinoma involving the jejunum: a case report and review of the literature.

We present a case report of a pulmonary pleomorphic carcinoma that metastasized to the jejunum in an 80-year-old woman. The patient was admitted to the hospital with symptomatic anemia and melena that had been ongoing for several months. In 2021, non-small cell carcinoma was diagnosed by fine-needle aspiration. In 2022, a computed tomography (CT) scan revealed an enormous mass in the small bowel. The tumor was resected and showed pleomorphic neoplastic cells with giant and spindle cell morphology. These neoplastic cells were positive for thyroid transcription factor 1 (TTF1). Next-generation sequencing of the secondary tumor revealed 97% genomic similarities to the lung tumor and high expression of programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1). The patient may benefit from immune checkpoint therapy.

Topic: Metastasis and carcinoma case studies
Subfield: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Changes in the Medieval Colour Scheme of the Southern Façade of Wrocław Town Hall—A Case Study

The aim of this article is to discuss the colour transformations of one of the most representative Gothic façades in Central Europe—the southern façade of Wrocław Town Hall. Based on iconographic, architectural, and stratigraphic research, it was possible to find the remains of two stages of medieval colour changes. Based on these discoveries, an attempt was made to reconstruct both phases of the medieval colour scheme. The research findings enable the object to be described with regard to the architecture and colours of late gothic façades in Poland, Czechia and Germany.

Topic: Urban Development and Cultural Heritage
Subfield: Urban Studies
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Application of infrared thermography in natural convection study

The main goal of the study is to test the applicability of Infrared Thermography for verification of Thermal Boundary Conditions at external non-isothermal walls bounding the flow domain.Experimental and numerical studies have been made for transient and steady natural convection in a differentially heated cube filled with water.The analysis is carried out for pure convection of water in the vicinity of the freezing region (cold wall temperature T c = 0 o C), and for convection of water accompanied by freezing (T c  -10 o C).The opposite hot wall temperature is fixed at +10 o C.

Topic: Hydrocarbon exploration and reservoir analysis
Subfield: Mechanics of Materials
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Restriction of Exponential Sums to Hypersurfaces

Abstract We prove moment inequalities for exponential sums with respect to singular measures, whose Fourier decay matches those of curved hypersurfaces. Our emphasis will be on proving estimates that are sharp with respect to the scale parameter $N$, apart from $N^\epsilon $ losses. In a few instances, we manage to remove these losses.

Topic: Advanced Harmonic Analysis Research
Subfield: Applied Mathematics
Field: Mathematics
Domain: Physical Sciences
THE CLOSE T TAURI BINARY SYSTEM V4046 Sgr: ROTATIONALLY MODULATED X-RAY EMISSION FROM ACCRETION SHOCKS

We report initial results from a quasi-simultaneous X-ray/optical observing campaign targeting V4046 Sgr, a&#13;\nclose, synchronous-rotating classical T Tauri star (CTTS) binary in which both components are actively accreting.&#13;\nV4046 Sgr is a strong X-ray source, with the X-rays mainly arising from high-density (n_e ∼ 10^(11)–10^(12) cm^(−3)) plasma at temperatures of 3–4 MK. Our multi-wavelength campaign aims to simultaneously constrain the properties of&#13;\nthis X-ray-emitting plasma, the large-scale magnetic field, and the accretion geometry. In this paper, we present&#13;\nkey results obtained via time-resolved X-ray-grating spectra, gathered in a 360 ks XMM-Newton observation that&#13;\ncovered 2.2 system rotations. We find that the emission lines produced by this high-density plasma display periodic&#13;\nflux variations with a measured period, 1.22 ± 0.01 d, that is precisely half that of the binary star system (2.42 d).&#13;\nThe observed rotational modulation can be explained assuming that the high-density plasma occupies small portions of the stellar surfaces, corotating with the stars, and that the high-density plasma is not azimuthally symmetrically distributed with respect to the rotational axis of each star. These results strongly support models in which high-density, X-ray-emitting CTTS plasma is material heated in accretion shocks, located at the base of accretion flows tied to the system by magnetic field lines.

Topic: Astrophysical Phenomena and Observations
Subfield: Astronomy and Astrophysics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Supplementary Figure 4 from Angiopoietin-2 Functions as a Tie2 Agonist in Tumor Models, Where It Limits the Effects of VEGF Inhibition

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 292K, Histological analysis of the effect of REGN910 + ZALTRAP� combination treatment on endothelial cell death&lt;/p&gt;

Topic: Angiogenesis and VEGF in Cancer
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Gynecological strategies for menorrhagia accompanied by haematological diseases

Objective To investigate the abnormal menorrhagia accompanied by haematological diseases and its gynecological strategies and consequences. Methods Women with menstrual cycle who combined with haematological diseases in last 17 years were reviewed. The management including medications and surgery were analyzed. Results The percentage of patients who had menorrhagia and also combined with haematological diseases accounted for 63%, 48 of them received gynecological managment. Hormone therapy is primary and effective. Eighteen patients who had operational indication including severe menorrhagia(14) and gynecological diseases received surgery. Seven of the patients were duo to the heavy bleeding induced by the combined haematological disease. Three had curettage, another 3 had endometrial ablation and 3 hysterectomy. Another 7 patients with hemorrhagia who had hysterectomy were because of gynecological indications, such as fibroid or endometrial neoplasia. A good therapy plan made for this kind of disease by the doctors from gynecology and other departments, such as haematology, is essential during peri-operation period. Conclusions Women with haematological diseases often(63%) have menorrhagia and need medical intervention. Hormone therapy(76.2%) is primary and effective. For those with operational indication, surgery is needed and effective, including endometrial ablation and hysterectomy. Cooperation between gynecology and medicine departments is very important for a successful management.

Topic: Endometrial and Cervical Cancer Treatments
Subfield: Obstetrics and Gynecology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Microstructure and texture development in AZ31 magnesium alloy processed by equal channel angular pressing

Enhancement of the ductility is very important for the successful commercialization of magnesium alloys. Among other methods, this can be achieved by refining the grain structure through equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) or extrusion. Preliminary work was conducted using as-cast AZ-31, but this was found to be of low ductility and extruded bars were used for the rest of the experimentation. These were annealed at 350Â°C for 1 hour and extrusion was carried out at three temperatures, 200, 250 and 300Â°C, using routes A, BC and C at a speed of 5 mm/s for up to 8 passes. It is apparent that increasing the operating temperature increases the final grain size as a result of grain growth. Conversely increasing the number of passes results in a finer grain size because of the accumulation of shear. However, grain growth can affect the final grain size for all three routes. After one ECAP pass, a preferred orientation with the basal planes inclined at 45Â° to the ECAP axis is observed. For route A, as more and more passes are employed, the original fiber texture tends towards a rolling texture. By contrast, for route C, repeating the ECAP steps does not change the texture, which retains the 45Â° preferential orientation. The mechanical properties indicate that using a path with shearing in more directions, such as route C, results in increased ductility, with a wider flow curve than for route A. As the temperature of ECAPping is increased, the strength of the extruded product increases and the ductility decreases. This appears to be due to the coarser grain size of the 300Â°C product and indicates that the effect of grain refinement is greater than that of texture.

Topic: Magnesium Alloys: Properties and Applications
Subfield: Biomaterials
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
[Assessment of general and local immunity in children with affected lymphadenoid throat ring].

33 children with affected lymphadenoid throat ring and 15 healthy children were examined for local and general immunity status. Assessment of general immunity provided poor information. Measurements of secretion immunoglobulins levels with enzyme immunoassay was informative and demonstrated close similarity of the clinical and immunological indices. Concentrations of immunoglobulins in the lacunar secretion can serve a prognostic criterium.

Topic: Oral Health Pathology and Treatment
Subfield: Periodontics
Field: Dentistry
Domain: Health Sciences
Mechanism of the nitrous acid-catalysed aquation of aquochromium(III) complexes

Nitrous acid, in perchloric acid, dramatically increases the rate of aquation of Cr(H2O)5X2+(X = Cl or Br), cis- and trans-Cr(H2O)4Cl2+, and cis-Cr(NH3)4(OH2)Cl2+, but has little effect upon the rate of hydrolysis of Cr(NH3)5Br2+ and trans-Cr(NH3)4(OH2)Cl2+. The mechanism is believed to involve the formation of traces of nitrito-intermediates by O-nitrosation, with H2NO2+ or NO+ as the nitrosating agent. These preliminary results indicate that the catalysis may be stereospecifically restricted to complexes containing an aquo-ligand in a cis-position relative to the leaving group. Some new nitrito-chromium(III) compounds are reported.

Topic: Inorganic and Organometallic Chemistry
Subfield: Organic Chemistry
Field: Chemistry
Domain: Physical Sciences
Association between obesity‐related gene <i>FTO</i> and ADHD

Objective Attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is an etiologically complex heterogeneous behavioral disorder. Several studies have reported that ADHD subjects are more likely to be overweight/obese and that this comorbidity may be due to shared genetic factors. The objective of this study is to explore the association between ADHD and FTO , a gene strongly associated with obesity in genome‐wide studies. Design and Methods One tag SNP (single‐nucleotide polymorphism, rs8050136 , risk allele A) in the FTO gene was selected and its association with ADHD was tested. Family‐based association tests (FBATs) were conducted with the categorical diagnosis of ADHD as well as behavioral and cognitive phenotypes related to ADHD. Furthermore, stratified FBAT analyses based on maternal smoking during pregnancy (MSDP) status were conducted. Results Statistically significant associations were observed between rs8050136 and several of the traits tested in the total sample. These associations were stronger when the analysis was restricted to children who were not exposed to MSDP. Conclusions These exploratory results suggest the involvement of the FTO SNP rs8050136 in modulating the risk for ADHD, particularly in those children who were not exposed to MSDP. If confirmed, they may explain, at least in part, the complex links between obesity and ADHD.

Topic: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Subfield: Psychiatry and Mental health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
PCR Mutagenesis, Cloning, Expression, Fast Protein Purification Protocols and Crystallization of the Wild Type and Mutant Forms of Tryptophan Synthase

Structural studies with tryptophan synthase (TS) bienzyme complex (α2β2 TS) from Salmonella typhimurium have been performed to better understand its catalytic mechanism, allosteric behavior, and details of the enzymatic transformation of substrate to product in PLP-dependent enzymes. In this work, a novel expression system to produce the isolated α- and isolated β-subunit allowed the purification of high amounts of pure subunits and α2β2 StTS complex from the isolated subunits within 2 days. Purification was carried out by affinity chromatography followed by cleavage of the affinity tag, ammonium sulfate precipitation, and size exclusion chromatography (SEC). To better understand the role of key residues at the enzyme β-site, site-direct mutagenesis was performed in prior structural studies. Another protocol was created to purify the wild type and mutant α2β2 StTS complexes. A simple, fast and efficient protocol using ammonium sulfate fractionation and SEC allowed purification of α2β2 StTS complex in a single day. Both purification protocols described in this work have considerable advantages when compared with previous protocols to purify the same complex using PEG 8000 and spermine to crystalize the α2β2 StTS complex along the purification protocol. Crystallization of wild type and some mutant forms occurs under slightly different conditions, impairing the purification of some mutants using PEG 8000 and spermine. To prepare crystals suitable for x-ray crystallographic studies several efforts were made to optimize crystallization, crystal quality and cryoprotection. The methods presented here should be generally applicable for purification of tryptophan synthase subunits and wild type and mutant α2β2 StTS complexes.

Topic: Enzyme Structure and Function
Subfield: Materials Chemistry
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Depression of Curie temperature by surface structural phase transition

The comparative study in structural properties for the mirror systems, 1 ML Ni/1 ML Co∕Pt(111) and 1 ML Co/1 ML Ni∕Pt(111) surface ordered alloys, reveals a structural phase transition from NixCo1−xPt to NixCo1−xPt3 ordered surface alloy when the annealing temperature is between 750 and 800K. The Curie temperature speeds up to decrease when the surface structure changes from NixCo1−xPt to NixCo1−xPt3. The value of critical exponent β near the Curie point crosses from a two-dimensional-like magnetic phase to a three-dimensional-like one after the phase transition. From the composition dependence of the Curie temperature, one can adjust the Curie temperatures of the surface alloy by controlling the annealing temperature.

Topic: Magnetic properties of thin films
Subfield: Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
[Problems of differential diagnosis of orbital granulation].

Three cases of orbital tumours caused by granulation are presented. They required advanced differential diagnosis between sarcoidosis, tuberculosis and Wegener's granulomatosis. Each of the patients had an orbitotomy according to Krönlein performed. All were cured. Because of vague results of the histopathological examinations, immunological tests such as: indirect immunofluorescence, direct immunofluorescence and immunodiffusion were performed and cANCA levels were evaluated in order to establish the final diagnoses.

Topic: Sarcoidosis and Beryllium Toxicity Research
Subfield: Physiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
C. R. C. Paul &amp; A. B. Smith 1988. Echinoderm Phylogeny and Evolutionary Biology. x + 373 pp. Oxford: Clarendon Press for the Liverpool Geological Society. Price £55.00 (hard covers). ISBN 0 19 854491 X.

C. R. C. Paul &amp; A. B. Smith 1988. Echinoderm Phylogeny and Evolutionary Biology. x + 373 pp. Oxford: Clarendon Press for the Liverpool Geological Society. Price £55.00 (hard covers). ISBN 0 19 854491 X. - Volume 126 Issue 5

Topic: Echinoderm biology and ecology
Subfield: Aquatic Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Complete Genome Sequence of the <i>Pantoea</i> Phage AH07

Bacteriophages of the phyllosphere have not been extensively described, despite their role in bacterial communities on this plant organ. Here, we describe a temperate Pantoea phage, AH07, that was isolated from the leaves of horse chestnut trees. The 37,859-bp linear double-stranded DNA genome contains 58 putative genes, including an integration cassette.

Topic: Bacteriophages and microbial interactions
Subfield: Ecology
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Integrated Disease Surveillance to Reduce Data Fragmentation – An Application to Malaria Control

The lack of access to timely health indicators can preclude the design and the effective implementation of infectious diseases control interventions. Our project aims to foster the integration of existing surveillance data to support evidence-based decision-making in malaria. The cornerstone of our approach is the use of a common knowledge platform to scale-up and extend structural and semantic mapping across existing data sources to other geographical regions and global health priority diseases. Upon completion of our project, we will have designed an open-access prototype system capable of sharing comparable surveillance data within and across countries

Topic: Data-Driven Disease Surveillance
Subfield: Epidemiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Association of the Metabolic Syndrome With History of Myocardial Infarction and Stroke in the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey

Background— The combination of cardiovascular risk factors known as the metabolic syndrome is receiving increased attention from physicians, but data on the syndrome’s association with morbidity are limited. Methods and Results— Applying National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP-ATP III) criteria, we evaluated 10 357 NHANES III subjects for the 5 component conditions of the metabolic syndrome: insulin resistance, abdominal obesity based on waist circumference, hypertriglyceridemia, low HDL cholesterol (HDL-C), and hypertension, as well as the full syndrome, defined as at least 3 of the 5 conditions. Logistic regression was used to estimate the cross-sectional association of the syndrome and each of its 5 component conditions separately with history of myocardial infarction (MI), stroke, and either MI or stroke (MI/stroke). Models were adjusted for age, sex, race, and cigarette smoking. The metabolic syndrome was significantly related in multivariate analysis to MI (OR, 2.01; 95% CI, 1.53 to 2.64), stroke (OR, 2.16; 95% CI, 1.48 to 3.16), and MI/stroke (OR, 2.05; 95% CI, 1.64 to 2.57). The syndrome was significantly associated with MI/stroke in both women and men. Among the component conditions, insulin resistance (OR, 1.30; 95% CI, 1.03 to 1.66), low HDL-C (OR, 1.35; 95% CI, 1.05 to 1.74), hypertension (OR, 1.44; 95% CI, 1.00 to 2.08), and hypertriglyceridemia (OR, 1.66; 95% CI=1.20 to 2.30) were independently and significantly related to MI/stroke. Conclusions— These results indicate a strong, consistent relationship of the metabolic syndrome with prevalent MI and stroke.

Topic: Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
Subfield: Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences