jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
OPG/RANKL in process of the rat arterial calcification

Objective:To study the change and meaning of osteoprotegerin(OPG) receptor activator of NF-κB ligand(RANKL) during the process of the rat arterial calcification.Method:The 60 SD rats were divided randomly into control group,atorvastatin group and calcified group.Each group was also divided into the early sub-group and late sub-group.Next,the calcified group was taken the intragastric administration with Warfarin;the atorvastatin group was taken the intragastric administration with both Warfarin and atorvastatin.The early and late sub-groups were detected at 17 days and 34 days,respectively.Von Kossa staining,ALP activity assay and osteocalcin assayed with Western Blot were used to detect the calcification level;Real Time PCR was used to detect the expression of OPG and RANKL.Result:There was great expression of OPG but no expression of RANKL in control group neither early nor late sub-group.The expression of OPG was increased in the early sub-group and decreased in the late sub-group in atorvastatin group and calcified group.However,the expression of RANKL in these two groups was increased all the time during the calcification.Among the three groups,the ratio of OPG/RANKL was decreased along with the increase of calcification level.And compared with the early sub-groups,the ratio of OPG/RANKL in the late sub-groups was also decreased along with the increase of calcification level in each group.Conclusion:The ratio of OPG/RANKL has a negative correlation with the level of the arterial calcification,and atorvastatin could significantly inhibit the arterial calcification.

Topic: Bone Metabolism and Diseases
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
BACTERIOLOGY AND ANTIBIOTIC SENSITIVITY PATTERNS IN VENTILATOR-ASSOCIATED PNEUMONIA

Background: Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia is the most common cause of hospital-acquired infections among patients admitted in Intensive Care Unit with mechanical ventilation. Identification of bacteria and their susceptibility to commonly used antibiotics is very essential for the treatment of the patients. The aim of this study was to determine the bacteriological profile and antibiotic sensitivity patterns in the Endotracheal Aspirate cultures that were sent in Microbiology laboratory. Methods: A hospital-based 3-year retrospective analysis on culture of Endotracheal Aspirate was done. Data from Intensive Care Unit was collected from January 2018 to January 2021, and the laboratory reports were used to determine Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia, pathogen profile and antimicrobial sensitivity patterns. Data entry and analysis was done using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 16. Results: Out of 147 ventilated patients in Intensive Care Unit, 115 samples were sent to microbiology laboratory with suspected Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia among which 95 (82.60 %) were positive cultures. The most common etiological agent causing Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia was found to be Klebsiella pneumoniae with 24 isolates (25.26%) and multidrug resistance was also mainly found with Klebsiella pneumoniae in 17 samples (70.83%). All of the gram-negative isolates were sensitive to colistin and resistant to ampicillin. All gram-positive isolates were sensitive of linezolid and vancomycin and most were resistant to penicillin. Conclusions: Klebsiella pneumoniae is one of the most common organisms that is associated with nosocomial infection like Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia. The emergence of multidrug resistance is still a great threat and hindrance for the treatment of Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia.

Topic: Nosocomial Infections in ICU
Subfield: Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Anatolia. Map- Early Bronze Age sites in the Troad.

Conical woven hat with a wide, circulat brim and a flat top. Several varieties of twined weave. Brim: mixed, twined weave, i.e. Plain twined weave with a "skip stitch" pattern (which is also known as diagonal twined weaving). Pattern series of zigzag bands. Braided crown: three strand twined weave. Inner support: diagonal twined weave.

Topic: Categorization, perception, and language
Subfield: Experimental and Cognitive Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Early Adolescence in Social Withdrawal: Two Hikikomori in Treatment

Social withdrawal is a potential signals of distress and mental illness such as psychosis, mood disorders, anxiety (Kirkcaldy & Siefen, 2012). The term 'hikikomori" defines a particular form of social withdrawal recognized in Japan at the end of the last century (Saito, 1998). At the moment in all the west world (United States, France, United Kingdom, Spain, Italy) there is an increasing frequency of adolescents and young people who show symptoms of hikikomori like a life style centered on the own home and refusal of the school. Requests to take care of social withdrawal teenagers (hikikomori) are increasing. This work describes two cases in treatment of early adolescents. Authors analyse the terapeutic steps of the clinical treatment of two very young teenegers arrived to the Public Health Service because their extreme social withdrawal. The work focusses the attention on the relationship with the patients, the families and the social context. The two cases show that the treatment of hikikomori sindrome is complex. A single type of approach (e.g. individual psychoterapy or family therapy) is not sufficient. Combining different patterns it is possible to create a network of treatments able to promote the resources of subject and of his/her familiar and social context. Results underline the necessity of increasing the clinical knowledges on the social withdrawal sindrome and creating new protocols useful for the treatment.

Topic: Youth Substance Use and School Attendance
Subfield: Education
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
A Framework for Fine-Grained Access in Semantic Web Services by using Policy-Based Semantic Access Control

A semantic access control mechanism is used to provide access permission to the authorized users. Some access control models think about the rich semantic relations between the requested and the availing services. They will not filter out the services that do not met both the service providers’ policies as well as the users’ policies, because they offer only coarse-grained access. To solve this problem, a new framework is proposed. The framework consists of two separate Ontology, namely service ontology and policy ontology, to maintain the semantic information of policies that are submitted by users and service providers and the semantic information of services, a service locator for identifying the exact services and an access control engine for offering access to the users. The framework is implemented. Its performance is analyzed using precision, recall and F-score measures. Hence it proves that the framework is effectual in providing fine-grained web services using policy based semantic access control.

Topic: Access Control and Trust
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
[Quadrilateral space syndrome: a case report].

Quadrilateral space syndrome is a rare entity caused by isolated compression of the axillary nerve in the quadrilateral space. A twenty-seven-year-old male patient presented with a poorly localized shoulder pain and point tenderness on the posterior aspect of the shoulder. Magnetic resonance imaging showed a fibrous band causing quadrilateral space syndrome. Surgical excision of the fibrous band was performed and the axillary nerve was released. The patient became symptom-free after surgical decompression.

Topic: Shoulder Injury and Treatment
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Comparison of Linezolid and Vancomycin for Methicillin‐Resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> Pneumonia: Institutional Implications

Objective Recent studies suggesting clinical superiority of linezolid over vancomycin in the treatment of methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus ( MRSA ) pneumonia led to a change in our institution's clinical pathway/order form for hospital‐acquired pneumonia, positioning linezolid as the preferred agent. Our objective was to assess the impact of this change within our institution. Design Retrospective electronic medical records review. Methods The analysis for this observational study included eligible patients admitted to our medical center between May 1, 2011, and August 31, 2014, with ICD ‐9 codes for MRSA and pneumonia. Included patients were at least 18 years of age and had vancomycin or linezolid initiated at least 2 days after admission and continued for at least 2 consecutive days. The primary end points were extent of antibiotic use before and after order form change and length of stay (LOS) and hospital charges in the two treatment groups. A secondary aim was to detect any gross discrepancies in patient outcomes such as treatment duration, mechanical ventilation duration, all‐cause mortality rate, nephrotoxicity, and 30‐day readmission between the two treatment groups. Measurements and Main Results Outcomes in 227 patients were assessed. Linezolid use increased 16.2% subsequent to the change in the order form. Although not statistically significant, the median hospital admission charge was $6200 lower in patients treated with linezolid compared with those treated with vancomycin ($25,900 vs $32,100). Hospital LOS was significantly associated with Charlson Comorbidity Index score (p&lt;0.001), type of treatment (p=0.032), duration of treatment (p&lt;0.001), mechanical ventilation (p&lt;0.001), and intensive care unit admission (p&lt;0.001). All‐cause mortality favored linezolid treatment, and these patients were more likely to be discharged (shorter LOS ). Conclusions Although linezolid use increased markedly with this pathway/order form change, no negative institutional consequences or unfavorable patient outcomes were detected, justifying the change in policy from these perspectives.

Topic: Antimicrobial Resistance in Staphylococcus
Subfield: Infectious Diseases
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Free Electron Density Gradients Enhanced Biosensor for Ultrasensitive and Accurate Affinity Assessment of the Immunotherapy Drugs

Abstract Accurate affinity assessments play an important role in drug discovery, screening, and efficacy evaluation. Label‐free affinity biosensors are recognized as a dependable and standard technology for addressing this challenge. This study constructs a free electron density gradient‐enhanced meta‐surface plasmon resonance (FED‐MSPR) biosensor through a finite‐difference time‐domain simulation model, the biosensor demonstrates superior detection performance in accurately determining affinity and kinetic rate constants. By controlling the dielectric properties of the metal on the surface of the nanocup arrays, the plasmon resonance effects are easily tuned without changing the nanostructure design. Compared with the single‐layer gold chip, the triple‐layer FED‐MSPR chip demonstrated a four‐fold improvement in resolution at the optimal resonance peak. Additionally, the sensitivity and figure of merit (FOM) of the multi‐layer chip increased by 3.5 and 7.99 times, respectively. Following modification with high‐ and low‐staggered carboxylation, the noise‐signal ratio and baseline stability of the real‐time kinetic curves based on these chips are significantly enhanced. The developed carboxylation FED‐MSPR platform is successfully used to perform affinity assays for Adalimumab and TNF‐α protein, resulting in favorable dynamic curves. These findings validate the proposed FED‐MSPR biosensor platform as cost‐effective, rapid, sensitive, and label‐free, facilitating real‐time quality control in drug development.

Topic: Advanced biosensing and bioanalysis techniques
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
F-LOAM : Fast LiDAR Odometry and Mapping

Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) has wide robotic applications such as autonomous driving and unmanned aerial vehicles. Both computational efficiency and localization accuracy are of great importance towards a good SLAM system. Existing works on LiDAR based SLAM often formulate the problem as two modules: scan-to-scan match and scan-to-map refinement. Both modules are solved by iterative calculation which are computationally expensive. In this paper, we propose a general solution that aims to provide a computationally efficient and accurate framework for LiDAR based SLAM. Specifically, we adopt a non-iterative two-stage distortion compensation method to reduce the computational cost. For each scan input, the edge and planar features are extracted and matched to a local edge map and a local plane map separately, where the local smoothness is also considered for iterative pose optimization. Thorough experiments are performed to evaluate its performance in challenging scenarios, including localization for a warehouse Automated Guided Vehicle (AGV) and a public dataset on autonomous driving. The proposed method achieves a competitive localization accuracy with a processing rate of more than 10 Hz in the public dataset evaluation, which provides a good trade-off between performance and computational cost for practical applications.

Topic: Robotics and Sensor-Based Localization
Subfield: Aerospace Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Supplementary Figure from Autocrine GMCSF Signaling Contributes to Growth of HER2&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; Breast Leptomeningeal Carcinomatosis

Supplementary Figure from Autocrine GMCSF Signaling Contributes to Growth of HER2&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; Breast Leptomeningeal Carcinomatosis

Topic: Brain Metastases and Treatment
Subfield: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Supply Chain Management as a Competitive Weapon

This chapter contains sections titled: Competition and Business Strategy The Marketing Mix Porter's Five Forces Porter's Generic Competitive Strategies Porter's Value Chain Competitive Strategy and Customers The Japanese Experience Total Quality Management Lean Thinking Focusing on Value for Money SCM Processes in Competitive Strategy SCM in Biotech and Virtual Companies Competition in Pharmaceuticals

Topic: Quality and Supply Management
Subfield: Management Information Systems
Field: Business, Management and Accounting
Domain: Social Sciences
Causes of death in patients with gastric ulcers.

Of 701 patients with gastric ulcers admitted to hospital within the period 1955-64, 180 died within a five-year period calculated from the time of admission. Causes of death were established at autopsy in 66%, and otherwise were derived from death certificates. The mortality in our series is grouped after the sex and age of the patients, and the causes of death are compared with the corresponding sex and age groups of the Copenhagen population. Mortality was significantly higher than expected in both men and women, particularly high in the first year after actual admission, but falling thereafter to about the same level as the expected mortality. Gastric ulcer itself was the most usual cause of death, but other disease was also significant. Thus mortality from suicide was significantly higher than expected in women. That there is a relationship between operation and suicide seems unlikely--all concerned had psychiatric histories. In men, pulmonary disease involved a significantly higher mortality than expected, and some connection between ulcer disease and pulmonary disease seems possible. If patients dying from cancer of the stomach within a two-year period are excluded, mortality from this disease was not significantly higher than expected. Thus the study gives no support to that theory that benign gastric ulcers are prone to malignant degeneration.

Topic: Helicobacter pylori-related gastroenterology studies
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Effects of Polarization Mode Dispersion at Higher Bit Rates

This paper deals with the effects of Polarization Mode Dispersion (PMD), when we increase the bit rates. Unlike the chromatic dispersion phenomenon, the PMD is found to be a time varying and an unstable phenomenon. Thus compensation of PMD is required since it distorts the signal and broadens the pulse in a statistical manner. In this paper we analyze the PMD effects using the OPTSIM simulation for 0, 60, 120 and 180 ps/ km transmission systems. Here we will see the output through the eye diagrams at different bit rates and draw the graphs for eye opening, eye closing, Q value and electrical power at different bit rates. The results have been simulated and analyzed.

Topic: Optical Network Technologies
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Computed body tomography

Computed tomography (CT) of the body is becoming as well established a diagnostic procedure as CT of the head, often yielding information not available by other techniques and sparing patients unnecessary surgery. To take proper advantage of CT, physicians should understand the full potential and practical applications of this new technique. Properly used, it can expedite diagnosis and decrease the number of procedures needed per patient.

Topic: Medical Imaging Techniques and Applications
Subfield: Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Supplementary Table 1 from Safety and Clinical Activity of MEDI1873, a Novel GITR Agonist, in Advanced Solid Tumors

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Table 1. Characteristics of patients with prolonged SD ({greater than or equal to}24 weeks)&lt;/p&gt;

Topic: Angiogenesis and VEGF in Cancer
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Potassium permanganate used to eliminate interference with the Porter-Silber reaction in the butanol extraction method for determination of urinary 17-hydroxycorticosteroids.

Abstract We describe a simple, rapid, and less interference-susceptible method for using the Porter-Silber reaction for determination of urinary 17-hydroxycorticosteroids. The procedure is based on butanol extraction of the steroids after the urine sample is treated with potassium permanganate and sodium bisulfite. These treatments, together with an additional acid- and alkali-washing of the extract, could eliminate most of the substances in urine that interfere with the Porter-Silber reactions. Values so obtained correlated well (r = 0.95) with those by Furuya's method in which beta-glucuronidase is used. Our method may be useful and suitable for a screening test of adrenocortical and pituitary functions.

Topic: Adrenal Hormones and Disorders
Subfield: Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
24.3 EIGHTEEN-YEAR COURSE OF COGNITIVE FUNCTIONING IN PSYCHOTIC DISORDERS: FINDINGS FROM THE SUFFOLK COUNTY MENTAL HEALTH LONGITUDINAL STUDY

Knowledge about the long-term cognitive course in psychotic disorders is limited. In this 18-year follow-up of participants of the Suffolk County project we report on the longitudinal course of cognitive performance in individuals with schizophrenia spectrum disorders, affective psychoses and other psychoses. We investigate (i) change in functioning in 6 cognitive domains from 2-years to 20-years follow-up after first admission; (ii) 20-year performance and age-related differences in cognitive performance in patients relative to a never psychotic comparison group; and (iii) key predictors of clinically meaningful cognitive decline in patients. Data came from the Suffolk County Mental Health Project, a prospective study of first-admission patients. Cognitive tests were administered 2 years (n = 399; schizophrenia spectrum: 285, affective psychoses: 226, other psychoses: 117) and 20 years (n = 240; 115, 92, and 34, respectively) after first admission, with 195 individuals completing cognitive tests at both time points. A never psychotic comparison group (N=260) was assessed at year 20. Individuals with schizophrenia spectrum disorders showed lower cognitive functioning than those with affective and other psychoses. Over time, patients declined in cognitive performance on almost all tests (d = 0.24 (range 0.12- 0.44)) with comparable magnitude across diagnoses. Longer duration of untreated psychosis and low childhood IQ were significantly associated with clinically relevant decline (>0.5SD) in general verbal ability and processing speed, but there were no robust predictors of cognitive decline across tests. Cross-sectional comparisons of patients to controls showed increasing impairments with age for general verbal ability, verbal fluency, and executive functioning. Our findings indicate that cognitive functioning in psychotic disorders continues to decline after the illness onset, that this decline is not specific to schizophrenia but present across psychotic disorders, and that, relative to never-psychotic individuals, impairments on some key-cognitive domains worsen with age. These results imply that cognitive treatment should not only include cognitive remediation but also prevention of age-related cognitive stagnation and/or decline.

Topic: Schizophrenia research and treatment
Subfield: Psychiatry and Mental health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Morton Feldman, Speaking of Music at the Exploratorium in 1986

Morton Feldman interviewed by Charles Amirkhanian at the Exploratorium's Speaking of Music Series in San Francisco, January 30, 1986. Charles Amirkhanian interviews Morton Feldman and asks right at the top: Is your music Hermetic? The answers take us on a whirlwind tour of this composers opinions, philosophy, criticisms, recollections and observations. There are excerpts from his Piano and String Quartet as well as his Violin Concerto. Feldman indicates that his compositions, which are usually lengthy, can be compared to the novels of Proust or drinking a fine wine: one to be sipped rather than gulped. Dont give up listening until you find out why Fred Astaire danced so well, or why Beethoven wrote his C-sharp minor String Quartet; Feldman provides the answers! Thanks to the Estate of Morton Feldman for permission to share this historic interview. All Rights Reserved.

Topic: Magnetic confinement fusion research
Subfield: Nuclear and High Energy Physics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
[Immunobiological properties of Bordetella pertussis lipopolysaccharide in the acellular pertussis vaccine].

Formalin-neutralized APV preparation is a complex of protein antigens in association with LPS. Formalin treatment results in modification of LPS molecule that retains antigenic properties but is significantly less toxic.

Topic: Bacterial Infections and Vaccines
Subfield: Microbiology
Field: Immunology and Microbiology
Domain: Life Sciences