jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Knowledge based tools for stability verification during pressure equipment life cycle

Furthermore a KB-CAD may handle parts previously designed and may verify after compliance with defined rules and show incoherencies. Anyway a KB-CAD is able to manage only detailed and well-defined geometrical rules. Of course generic, vague or indirect criteria cannot be handled (Sprumont et al. 2002).

Topic: Engineering Diagnostics and Reliability
Subfield: Mechanics of Materials
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Noise in Resonators and Oscillators

This chapter discusses the noise generated in resonators and oscillators. Noise in oscillators, particularly in crystal oscillators, has been studied for some 50 years. The progress is closely connected with perfection of the manufacturing processes on the one hand and reduction of the noise in maintaining electronics on the other hand. In the presented theory of the resonator, particularly the crystal resonator, phase noise is compared with actual measurements performed in the last 30 years. There exists a large number of papers dealing with the fundamental oscillator theory. However, discussion of noise problems is limited mostly to only white noise, with different approaches to the solution of the problem. The chapter discusses only the leading ideas, and compares the theoretical results with experimental findings. Finally it mentions important information about crystal resonators and oscillators, namely, the value of the expected Allan variance in its lowest plateau. Controlled Vocabulary Terms crystal oscillators; crystal resonators; phase noise; white noise

Topic: Acoustic Wave Resonator Technologies
Subfield: Biomedical Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
STUDY ON THE STEREOSELECTIVITY OF THE IMMOBILIZED LEPASE IN MICROEMULSION- BASED GELS

The stereoselectivity of the lipase in microemulsion - based gels was briefly characterized using a stereoselec-tive esterification reaction between racemic ibuprofen and n - octanol as indicator reaction. A chiral HPLC method was used to determine conversion and enantiomeric excess of the stereoselective esterification reaction in organic solvent. Results showed that the stereoselectivity of the lipase in microemulsion - based gels was good. At low conversion, the S - isomer of ibuprofen n - octyl ester could be obtained with high enantiomeric excess.

Topic: Analytical Chemistry and Chromatography
Subfield: Spectroscopy
Field: Chemistry
Domain: Physical Sciences
Second Nature: Gender in Marx’s Grundrisse

To the Marx scholar, the exclusion of gender from the Grundrisse appears differently. This chapter is in a position to see what the Grundrisse has to offer on the question of gender, both historically and conceptually, and to relate its offerings to contemporary debates in Marxist-feminist theory and in feminist theory more broadly. It explains Marx's interest in women's history, the history of the family, and women's labour within capitalism. Marx's work on gender ultimately overcomes discourses: the querelle des femmes and political economy, to argue some very contemporary points. The chapter foreshadows the shape of texts that set the terms of debate for twentieth-century feminism. The use of the term gender in this article has been both anachronistic and deliberate. Keywords:capitalism; gender; Grundrisse; Marx; Marxist-feminist theory; twentieth-century feminism

Topic: Political Economy and Marxism
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
A Simple Method for Providing a Large Amplitude Mirror Oscillation in an Infrared Interferometer

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text E. K. Pfitzer, R. P. Edwin, and R. Turner, "A Simple Method for Providing a Large Amplitude Mirror Oscillation in an Infrared Interferometer," Appl. Opt. 9, 512-513 (1970) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article

Topic: Advanced Measurement and Metrology Techniques
Subfield: Mechanical Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Soil bacteria abundance in application of biopesticides (Bacillus aryabhattai) in swampland, South Kalimantan

Abstract In rice cultivation, farmers tend to use chemical fertilizers and pesticides. The prolonged intensive use of agrochemicals can decrease soil quality. Chemical pesticides can be replaced with biopesticides to maintain and improve soil fertility, also to prevent the attack of plant-disturbing organisms on crops. The aim of this study was to determine the total population abundance of soil bacteria and soil quality after the application of biopesticides in the swampland in Jejangkit District. This research was accomplished in Jejangkit District, Barito Kuala Regency, South Kalimantan, which started from June to December 2019. The study used a Randomized Completely Block Design (RCBD) with three treatments and six replications. The treatments are Super Intensive and Actual Swamp (RAISA), Indonesian Agricultural Environment Research Institute’s (IAERI) Biopesticide, Galam Biopesticide. The variety of rice used is Inpara 2. The plot size is 900 m 2 by applying the Jarwo Planting system. The results revealed that the application of biopesticides could increase the total population of soil bacteria from 10 4 to 10 6 cfu mL −1 . Moreover, N and P nutrient content increase from low to moderate (0.19 to 0.4) % and (13.25 to 38.87) mg P 2 O 5 100g −1 , respectively.

Topic: Agricultural Development and Management
Subfield: General Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Decoding the S-Nitrosoproteomic Atlas in Individualized Human Colorectal Cancer Tissues Using a Label-Free Quantitation Strategy

The abnormal S-nitrosylation induced by the overexpression and activation of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) modulates many human diseases, such as inflammation and cancer. To delineate the pathophysiological S-nitrosoproteome in cancer patients, we report an individualized S-nitrosoproteomic strategy with a label-free method for the site-specific quantification of S-nitrosylation in paired tumor and adjacent normal tissues from 11 patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). This study provides not only the first endogenous human S-nitrosoproteomic atlas but also the first individualized human tissue analysis, identifying 174 S-nitrosylation sites in 94 proteins. Fourteen novel S-nitrosylation sites with a high frequency of elevated levels in 11 individual patients were identified. An individualized S-nitrosylation quantitation analysis revealed that the detected changes in S-nitrosylation were regulated by both the expression level and the more dramatic post-translational S-nitrosylation of the targeted proteins, such as thioredoxin, annexin A4, and peroxiredoxin-4. These endogenous S-nitrosylated proteins illustrate the network of inflammation/cancer-related and redox reactions mediated by various S-nitrosylation sources, including iNOS, transnitrosylase, or iron-sulfur centers. Given the demonstrated sensitivity of individualized tissue analysis, this label-free approach may facilitate the study of the vastly under-represented S-nitrosoproteome and enable a better understanding of the effect of endogenous S-nitrosylation in cancer.

Topic: Nitric Oxide and Endothelin Effects
Subfield: Physiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Women in the South Asian Diaspora of East Africa, 1972-2013

South Asian women began settling in the East African countries of Uganda, Kenya and Tanzania in the late 19th century. They joined their husbands and other male relatives who first came as indentured laborers recruited by the British Crown and later transitioned into a subculture of traders. As traders, South Asians took near complete control of the East African economy which attracted the antagonism of colonial settlers and African aspirations. During the colonial period, due to the increasing wealth and westernization of South Asians in East Africa, the women in the diaspora began exiting the private domain and entering the public sphere. African antagonism after independence led to the exodus of the diaspora in the 1970s. In the 1990s, East African governments, caving into international pressure, allowed for the return of members of the diaspora promising an improved situation. However, South Asian returnees including women entrepreneurs and professionals witnessed and still continue to experience discrimination. Such a situation is partly the result of short-sighted policies stipulated by international aid agencies that allowed for the return of the diaspora and should not solely be attributed to the historical relationship between members of the diaspora and the greater African population.

Topic: Migration, Ethnicity, and Economy
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Extracorporeal Photopheresis Promotes IL-1β Production

Abstract Extracorporeal photopheresis (ECP) is a widely used clinical cell-based therapy exhibiting efficacy in heterogenous immune-mediated diseases such as cutaneous T cell lymphoma, graft-versus-host disease, and organ allograft rejection. Despite its documented efficacy in cancer immunotherapy, little is known regarding the induction of immunostimulatory mediators by ECP. In this article, we show that ECP promotes marked release of the prototypic immunostimulatory cytokine IL-1β. ECP primes IL-1β production and activates IL-1β maturation and release in the context of caspase-1 activation in monocytes and myeloid dendritic cells. Of interest, IL-1β maturation by ECP was fully intact in murine cells deficient in caspase-1, suggesting the predominance of an inflammasome-independent pathway for ECP-dependent IL-1β maturation. Clinically, patient analysis revealed significantly increased IL-1β production in stimulated leukapheresis concentrates and peripheral blood samples after ECP. Collectively, these results provide evidence for promotion of IL-1β production by ECP and offer new insight into the immunostimulatory capacity of ECP.

Topic: Immune Cell Function and Interaction
Subfield: Immunology
Field: Immunology and Microbiology
Domain: Life Sciences
Upper Extremity Dysfunction after Trans-Radial Interventions- Experience from a Tertiary Care Center of North India

Introduction: Coronary artery disease treatment by percutaneous intervention has revolutionised the management of this disease and the choice and safety of vascular access site has significantly contributed to the outcome of the overall procedure. Aim: To assess upper extremity dysfunction in patients undergoing Transradial Coronary Angiography (CAG) and Percutaneous Coronary Interventions (PCI). Materials and Methods: This study involved patients planned for transradial coronary intervention. Patients were assessed for development of upper extremity dysfunction and other local complications post procedure at 24 hours, 2 weeks, 1 month and 6 months. Data analysis was done using SPSS Version 21. Results: A total of 165 patients were enrolled in the study. There were 123 (74.5%) males. Total 156 patients (94.5%) had stable angina as underlying diagnosis, 4 (2.4%) had unstable angina, 2 (1.2%) had Non ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction (NSTEMI), 1 (0.6%) had ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI) and 2 (1.2%) required CAG before valve replacement. A 5F sheath was used in 110 (66.67%) and 6F sheath in 55 (33.33%) cases. Tiger catheter was used in all 165 patients initially for diagnostic angiography. Dynamometer testing showed reversible downgrading of hand grip in 49% of patients post-procedure. Local site haematoma was seen in 3 (1.8%) at 24 hours, reversible vascular occlusion in 2 (1.2%) at 24 hours and Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) Minor bleed in 1 (0.6%) at 24 hours. No significant correlation was seen between sheath or catheter size with dynamometer testing or local complication. Conclusion: There was no significant upper extremity dysfunction after trans-radial intervention in the study population.

Topic: Vascular Procedures and Complications
Subfield: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Shaping the Field of Theology and Science: A Critique of Nancey Murphy

Nancey Murphy is a key second‐generation figure in the field of religion and science. Through a variety of responsibilities, some of which are reviewed here, she has worked as a discipline builder over the last fifteen years. After trying to convey the general spirit of Murphy's work, the author focuses on five areas where readers might resist her conclusions, including her “postmodern” theory of scientific (and religious) knowledge and truth, her treatment of theology and science as “separate but equal,” and her defense of physicalism.

Topic: Religion, Ecology, and Ethics
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Virtual Teams: a Literature Review

HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci-entific research documents, whether they are pub-lished or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers. L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et a ̀ la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés.

Topic: Team Dynamics and Performance
Subfield: Social Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Age Differences in the Reception of New Scientific Theories: The Case of Plate Tectonics Theory

Some studies seem to indicate that age may not be nearly so powerful a factor in structuring scientific disputes as has long been supposed. This paper views the weak and apparently inconsistent empirical associations reported in earlier studies as arising from incomplete analysis of the relationship between age and receptivity to new scientific theories. Explanations as to why age and receptivity might co-vary have focused on motivational factors that reinforce attachments to existing knowledge, overlooking the possibility that the resources which scientists accrue during their careers may well buffer the increased intellectual risk taken in advocating speculative theories. Older scientists may therefore be better positioned than their younger colleagues to speak out earlier in support of new but controversial theories. Age may thus have contradictory effects on receptivity. The hypothesis that the effects of age are mediated by historical changes in prevailing scientific opinion is examined by a quantitative case study of the reception of continental and later plate tectonics theory.

Topic: Philosophy and History of Science
Subfield: History and Philosophy of Science
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Workshop to educate in the correct postural hygiene for the activities of daily life

WHO defines Health Education as those consciously created learning opportunities that aim to improve health basics knowledge and personal abilities of the population in healthcare issues, both individual and collective. Spa Medical are services,
in which facilitates this didactic function is order to introduce certain habits that contribute to correct and/or prevent injuries based on inappropriate gestures whwn making certain movements.
For this reason, a specific workshop in body postures was designed being suitable for basic daily life activities and ather complementary tasks related to looking after and also to the most common activities (games) that occur in the family enviroment ( example:grandparents and grandchildren).
This workshop consists of 4 activities: 1-Initial placement test consisting of 9 most common DLA, to evaluate the knowledge on the appropiate posture for to complete that ordinary physical activity. 2- Formative toalk on the proper postures in DLA and possible consequences of use of poor postural hygiene.3-Exercices in a thermal swimming pool based on 12 tecnical file cards containing aquatic axercises (Caldaria Termal Manual of Techniques) with the following points: inadequate posture, possible injury, preventive posture, corrective exercise in thermal swimming pool. 4. Evaluation of the knowledge of the user. Passed 48 or 72 hours after the Formative Talk, the user fills once again the same Initial Placement Test to see if there has been any change in the appropiate postural perception.

Topic: Health and Lifestyle Studies
Subfield: General Health Professions
Field: Health Professions
Domain: Health Sciences
Freshness Changes and Shelf Life Prediction of Cultured Tilapia (Oreochromis Niloticus ) During Chilled Storage

In this study, freshness changes and shelf life prediction of cultured tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) stored at 0, 5 and 10°C were investigated. Total viable counts (TVC), the count of Pseudomonas spp. and total volatile basic nitrogen(TVB-N) in newly-caught tilapia were determined as 4.79±0.60 log cfu/g, 4.00±0.75 log cfu/g and 8.08±0.46 mg/100 g, respectively. At the end of shelf life, TVC, the counts of Pseudomonas spp. and TVB-N increased to 8.08±0.26 log cfu/g, 7.66±0.10 log cfu/g, and 20.1±1.66 mg/100g, respectively, which were utilized to develop exponential spoilage shelf life model. RRS model of shelf life was developed by the shelf life at 0, 5 and 10°C, its accuracy factor and bias factor were from 1.06 and 1.01, indicating the model was useful to effectively predict the shelf life of chilled Tilapia at the range of 0 and 10°C.

Topic: Meat and Animal Product Quality
Subfield: Animal Science and Zoology
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Tillage, Crop Rotation and Crop Residue Management Effects on Nutrient Availability in a Sweet Sorghum-Based Cropping System in Marginal Soils of South Africa

The low soil fertility status of South African marginal soils threatens sustainable production of biofuel feedstock in smallholder farmers. It is therefore imperative to development sustainable and optimal management practices that improve soil fertility. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of tillage, rotation and crop residue management on nutrient availability in a bioenergy sweet sorghum-based cropping system in marginal soils. Two tillage levels, no-till (NT) and conventional tillage (CT); two crop rotations, sweet sorghum–grazing vetch–sweet sorghum (SVS) and sweet sorghum–fallow–sweet sorghum (SFS); and three crop residue retention levels, 0%, 15% and 30%, were tested. No-till enhanced total nitrogen, total organic nitrogen (TON), magnesium (Mg) and sodium (Na) by 3.19% to 45% compared to CT. SVS rotation increased ammonium (NH4+-N) and nitrate (NO3−-N) by 3.42% to 5.98% compared to SFS. A 30% crop residue retention increased NH4+-N, NO3−-N, available phosphorus (Available P), cation exchange capacity (CEC), calcium (Ca), Mg and potassium (K) by 3.58% to 31.94% compared to crop residue removal. In the short term, a 30% crop residue retention was the main treatment that enhanced soil fertility. The application of NT−30% was a better practice to enhance soil fertility. However, research on inclusion of crop diversity/intercropping can add more value to the NT–30% practice in enhancing soil fertility.

Topic: Bioenergy crop production and management
Subfield: Agronomy and Crop Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
‘Invaders of a peaceful country’: Aborigines and explorers on the lower Victoria River, Northern Territory

The Victoria River in the northwest of the Northern Territory of Australia has Aborigines history for 40, 000 years but owing to harsh climate, remote and difficult to access district, lack of functioning Aborigines reserves, mission stations or town, very little ethnographic research has been carried out. Some fascinating information about the Aborigines existing in the records of two exploring expeditions to Victoria River country is presented.

Topic: Australian Indigenous Culture and History
Subfield: Anthropology
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Effect of Addition of Whey Protein on the Formation of Fibrous Structure in Processed Cheese.

ゴーダ,エメンタールの2種類のナチュラルチーズの系に対して,WPCを中心に,卵白,ナトリウムカゼイネート,SPIなどのタンパク質素材を添加して繊維状プロセスチーズを調製し,これらタンパク質素材の添加,および使用した原料チーズの種類・熟度の繊維性におよぼす影響について検討した. その結果,プロセスチーズの繊維性発現に対して,顕著な効果を示したのは,WPCであった.卵白についても,若干ではあるが効果が認められた.一方,ナトリウムカゼイネート,SPIの場合は,繊維性の発現を促進するような効果は全く認められなかった.この結果,WPCは,単に乳化剤として作用しているのではなく,繊維性の発現に直接関与していることが示唆された. 繊維状プロセスチーズを得るための原料チーズとしては,未熟なゴーダばかりでなく,熟成の進んだエメンタールも十分使用可能であることがわかった. 以上より,高度な繊維状組織を有するプロセスチーズを得るためには,一次的要因として,原料チーズの種類・熟度を適正に選択すること,さらに二次的要因として,至適量のWPCを添加することが,その基本条件になることが明らかとなった.

Topic: Proteins in Food Systems
Subfield: Food Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Turbocharger Matching for a 4-Cylinder Gasoline HCCI Engine Using a 1D Engine Simulation

&lt;div class="section abstract"&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Naturally aspirated HCCI operation is typically limited to medium load operation (∼ 5 bar net IMEP) by excessive pressure rise rate. Boosting can provide the means to extend the HCCI range to higher loads. Recently, it has been shown that HCCI can achieve loads of up to 16.3 bar of gross IMEP by boosting the intake pressure to more than 3 bar, using externally driven compressors. However, investigating HCCI performance over the entire speed-load range with real turbocharger systems still remains an open topic for research.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;A 1 - D simulation of a 4 - cylinder 2.0 liter engine model operated in HCCI mode was used to match it with off-the-shelf turbocharger systems. The engine and turbocharger system was simulated to identify maximum load limits over a range of engine speeds. Low exhaust enthalpy due to the low temperatures that are characteristic of HCCI combustion caused increased back-pressure and high pumping losses and demanded the use of a small and more efficient turbocharger. The paper shows that the load range of naturally aspirated HCCI can be noticeably extended to ∼12 bar net IMEP, while achieving net indicated efficiencies of ∼37 % at 2500 rpm, where the turbocharger was best matched. The study shows that there is significant potential to achieve load extension with existing turbochargers; however the load increase strongly depends on the turbocharger selection and matching.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

Topic: Advanced Combustion Engine Technologies
Subfield: Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes
Field: Chemical Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
LANDSAT-D refurbishment study

Requirements for refurbishing the LANDSAT-D spacecraft after its recovery from orbit at the end of a 3-year mission in order to reuse the spacecraft on a second 3-year mission were studied. A schedule of the time required for the refurbishment including the procurement cycle for long lead-time items is developed. The costs of refurbishing and of procuring an entirely new LANDSAT-D spacecraft are compared.

Topic: Spacecraft and Cryogenic Technologies
Subfield: Aerospace Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
A 1.5V 86mW/ch 8-channel 622-3125Mb/s/ch CMOS serdes macrocell with selectable MUX/DEMUX ratio

An 8-channel serial link transceiver realizes 20 Gb/s full duplex total I/O throughput with <700 mW dissipation from a 1.5 V supply and occupies 2 mm/sup 2/ in 0.16 /spl mu/m CMOS. An analog DLL allows tracking of frequency offset up to 400 ppm. The receiver, employing an integrate-and-dump front-end, achieves 30 mVpp sensitivity.

Topic: Advancements in PLL and VCO Technologies
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences