jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Data and code for Renier et al. "Transparency, Traceability And Deforestation In The Ivorian Cocoa Supply Chain"

Data and code required to reproduce figures and stats quoted in Renier C, Vandromme M, Meyfroidt P, Ribeiro V, Kalischek N, zu Ermgassen E K H J 2023. Transparency, traceability and deforestation in the Ivorian cocoa supply chain. Envir. Res. Let. doi:10.1088/1748-9326/acad8e These data refer to SEI-PCS Côte d’Ivoire Cocoa v1.1.0 Find assets required for the GEE scripts at : https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7586257

Topic: Agriculture and Rural Development Research
Subfield: Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Getting it right for children: Making meaningful connections between culture, community and school

Children today live in a world of unimagined complexity. The ‘new childhood’ is a
social construction that transcends parents, schools and civic society. Many factors
contribute to this construction: corporations, media, the Internet, toys, video games,
peers and popular culture. All create spaces within which children read and interpret the world and its expectations of them, and within which they create images of
themselves. These myriad sources of knowledge and information offer interpretations of reality beyond those offered by traditional institutions such as the family,
church and school; and help initiate children to become competent in a world of
hyperreality. By hyperreality I mean spaces in which simulations are accepted asreal, and the distinction between media-generated images and real-world images
is blurred and permeable. This represents a new form of construction in which
mainstream culture is eclipsed by media-and corporate-generated culture.

Topic: Digital Games and Media
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Evaluation of radiochemical purity of commercially available I-123 MIBG

2238 Objectives I-123 meta-iodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) is increasingly utilized in nuclear medicine, particularly in nuclear cardiology. There are currently two commercially available products; Adreview (GE Healthcare) and I-123 MIBG (Anazao Healthcare). Our facility evaluated the radiochemical purity of these two commercially available radiopharmaceuticals. Methods The radiochemical purity of Adreview and I-123 MIBG (Anazao) was evaluated at receipt/reconstitution and at 4 hours after receipt using a miniaturized chromatography system consisting of silicic acid chromatography paper (Varian, Inc) with 0.9% sodium chloride. I-123 MIBG was spotted at the origin, developed in saline, cut at Rf = 0.7 and counted using a multichannel analyzer interfaced to a NaI (TI) well detector. For each specific evaluation, three replicate samples were analyzed and the data statistically summarized. Results The radiochemical purity of Adreview at receipt and at four hours after receipt was 94.5% and 93.5%, respectively. The radiochemical purity of I-123 MIBG (Anazao Healthcare) at reconstitution and four hours later was 92.9% and 91.1%, respectively. Conclusions The labeling efficiency of Adreview (GE Healthcare) and I-123 MIBG (Anazao Healthcare) was assessed. The radiochemical purity of both products was greater than 90% at 4 hours after receipt/reconstitution.

Topic: Medical Imaging Techniques and Applications
Subfield: Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
P-selectin(CD62P) and soluble TREM-like transcript-1(sTLT-1) are associated with coronary artery disease-A case control study

Abstract Background/Aims: Platelet activation plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of coronary artery disease(CAD) ， platelet P-selectin(CD62P )is a platelet classic activation indicator in platelet surface and soluble TREM-like transcript-1 (sTLT-1) is a new one,the relation between these two makers and acute coronary syndromes(ACS) has not been elucidated. This study aimed to investigate the expression of CD62P in platelet surface and sTLT-1 on serum and their relationship with CAD. Methods: We measured the levels of CD62P and sTLT-1 in 83 patients undergoing CAD compared to 49 controls.The associations with age, blood pressure,lipid profiles, body mass index and liver injury marker levels were also examined. Results: A stepwise increase in CD62P concentration was found based on the number of CAD patients (P &lt;0.01), especially in AMI (P &lt;0.01) . Serum sTLT-1 concentration of AMI and UAP were more higher than the NC group (P &lt;0.01). Conclusions: The consistent of sTLT-1 and CD62P expression levels in CAD,indicating that sTLT-1 level may be a new maker of platelet activating and positively related with CAD.

Topic: Inflammation biomarkers and pathways
Subfield: Immunology
Field: Immunology and Microbiology
Domain: Life Sciences
Proteus Syndrome.

Proteus syndrome is an extremely rare disorder with a documentation of only 100 cases world over till date. This sporadic disorder involves the skeletal system, central nervous system, eyes, skin, soft tissues and vascular system. We report a case of Proteus syndrome in a 22 year male presenting with abnormally enlarged and hypertrophied feet resulting in marked physical constraints.

Topic: Vascular Malformations and Hemangiomas
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Chest Ultrasonography in the ICU

Chest diagnostic imaging is essential when dealing with a critically ill patient. At present, direct visualization of the lung parenchyma is performed with a chest x-ray and computed tomography with the patient in the supine position. The relative ease of bedside ultrasound examination and the availability of user-friendly, inexpensive, portable equipment have made chest ultrasonography an interesting and alternative method in various situations, because it offers accurate information that is of therapeutic and diagnostic relevance. We describe equipment and examination technique, normal findings, and chest ultrasonography signs detected in some pathological situations, such as pneumothorax, consolidations, pleural effusions, ARDS, and pulmonary edema.

Topic: Ultrasound in Clinical Applications
Subfield: Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
The Microstructure and the Wear Performance of High Carbon Ferrochrome Fecrv15 and Fecrv15+cr Manufacture Through Laser Additive Manufacturing on Steel Baseplate for Tillage Application

<title>Abstract</title> The enhancement of wear performance of steel baseplate for tillage application was carried out by manufacturing vanadium-chromium carbide coatings in situ by powder infusion of high carbon ferrochrome FeCrV15 powder through laser additive manufacturing. The developed samples were subjected to various microstructural investigations, microhardness and wear tests. The effect of extra chromium addition was also investigated on the developed coatings’ microstructure, hardness and wear performance. It was observed that the extra chromium addition increased the austenitic iron formation, reduced the concentration of the precipitated carbides and resulted in a much bigger grain formation of phases present, which lowered the grain boundary density leading to a reduced hardness of 553 HV for FeCrV15+Cr, compared to 835 HV for FeCrV15; which are significantly higher than 170 HV for the steel substrate. The result produced defect-free coatings with a strong metallurgical bond to the substrate. The FeCrV15 coating displayed an improved, multiple times wear-resistant capacity when contrasted with the FeCrV15+Cr. This excellent resistance is credited to the increased concentration of VC–Cr<sub>3</sub>C<sub>3</sub> particles and increased grain boundary density due to the grain refinement of FeCrV15 coating, which are emphatically fortified in the matrix.

Topic: Additive Manufacturing Materials and Processes
Subfield: Mechanical Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Role of Women in Agricultural and Rural Development in West Africa

In Africa, women perform the majority of agricultural activities. They are the key to the well- being of their families [1]. In Benin, like other West African countries, women are in high demand in the agricultural sector. Agriculture is the main activity of the population, especially in rural areas, with women accounting for 42.2% of the 65.5% of active population [2]. Among the activities carried out by these women we can mention the agricultural exploitation, food transformation, trade in agricultural products [2].

Topic: Agriculture and Rural Development Research
Subfield: Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
&lt;title&gt;Data fusion of multiple-sensors attribute information for target-identity estimation using a Dempster-Shafer evidential combination algorithm&lt;/title&gt;

The research and development group at Loral Canada is in the second phase in the development of a data fusion demonstration model (DFDM) for a naval anti-air warfare platform to be used as a workbench tool to perform exploratory research. The software has been designed to be implemented within the software environment of the Canadian Patrol Frigate (CPF). The second version of DFDM has the capability to fuse data from the following CPF sensors: surveillance radars, electronics support measure, identification friend or foe, communication intercept operator and a tactical data link. During the first phase, the project has demonstrated the feasibility of fusing the sensor attribute information using a modified version of the Dempster-Shafer evidential combination algorithm. A significant enhancement has been the addition of pruning rules to reduce the set of identity propositions which otherwise would be too large to comply with the DFDM real- time requirements. Another improvement has been the use of fuzzy logic to make possible the fusion of apparently incomplete attribute information coming from different sensors. This paper describes the main features of the evidential combination algorithm that we have implemented in the DFDM system. A benchmark scenario has been selected to quantitatively demonstrate the capability of the attribute fusion algorithm.

Topic: Target Tracking and Data Fusion in Sensor Networks
Subfield: Artificial Intelligence
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Platelets in COVID-19: “innocent by-standers” or active participants?

One of the most dangerous features of the new coronavirus infection caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus is the tendency of the hemostasis system of patients to excessive thrombus formation. Among the possible causes of this pathology, both the activation of vascular endothelial cells, leading to the exposure of tissue factor by these cells, and direct activation of the plasma hemostasis were named. Besides, there is a significant change in platelet responses to activation, which is not accompanied by significant thrombocytopenia. The mechanism of platelet dysfunction is rather controversial. On the one hand, there are suggestions that platelets can act as a direct “container” for the virus, thus spreading it throughout the body. On the other hand, the presence of viral RNA in platelets has been demonstrated in only one study, while other authors have obtained the opposite result. Another mechanism of the virus's direct effect on platelets is the penetration of the virus into megakaryocytes and the subsequent violation of thrombocytopoiesis. However, three of the four published works show that platelets from patients with SARS-CoV-2 are in an activated state (the so-called platelet pre-activation). This phenomenon can be caused by the direct influence of the virus and the effect of thromboinflammation in the lungs on platelet functions. Here we review the known data and possible causes of the platelet functionality changes observed in patients with SARS-CoV-2.

Topic: COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
Subfield: Infectious Diseases
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Assessing the 2004 Campaign Websites: The Role of the Internet in Elections and Civil Society

<ns2:p>The Internet is changing the face of political campaigns in the United States; not since the introduction of television have the tools used to communicate with the electorate changed so notably. This study uses the 2004 campaign websites created by the Democratic primary candidates and President George W. Bush to evaluate both the ways in which websites can help voters participate in democratic decision-making, and the ways in which websites may help candidates gain public support. We find that, given a list of 41 criteria deemed important to an informative, participatory and easy to use website, the average candidate's site earned just over half the possible points. Still, initial correlation analyses suggest that better websites may mean more votes on Election Day.</ns2:p>

Topic: Social Media and Politics
Subfield: Communication
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Segmentation of Partially Shadowed Rust Images

The use of digital image processing for the analysis of corroded painted surfaces of constructions is considered. Rust segmentation of painted surface images in different illumination conditions, especially shadows, is a challenging task. Shadows influence on RGB pixel values in images and lead to further oversegmentation. The parameterized Retinex is used to eliminate non-uniform illumination. The influence of color restoration of partially shadowed rust images on segmentation results is studied. The color restoration is fulfilled using ColorChecker and least-squares approximation by a linear function. Gaussian mixture models based rust segmentation was used. Finally the results of experiments are shown and analyzed.

Topic: Image Enhancement Techniques
Subfield: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Fluorogenic structure activity library pinpoints molecular variations in the substrate specificity of structurally homologous esterases

Ubiquitous cellular esterases catalyze many essential biological functions by performing hydrolysis reactions on diverse substrates. These diverse substrates and functions however complicate a priori prediction of their substrate preferences and biological functions. Analogous to substrate activity screening for serine protease activity, we designed a 36‐member structure activity relationship (SAR) library of fluorogenic esterase substrates with low background hydrolysis, high sensitivity, and modular, straightforward synthesis. In three parallel substrate series containing alkyl, ether, and thioether substituents, the SAR library systemically interrogates esterase preference for chain length, branching patterns, polarity, and hydrogen bonding to differentiate common classes of esterase substrates. Applying this library against two structurally homologous bacterial esterases, previously broad overlapping substrate specificity was refined to preferences for γ‐position thioethers and ethers for ybfF from Vibrio cholerae and branched substrates with and without thioethers for Rv0045c from Mycobacterium tuberculosis . Structural control over this substrate differentiation was then assigned to individual substrate selectivity residues of Tyr116 in ybfF and His187 in Rv0045c whose reciprocal substitution inverted each esterase's substrate preference. This SAR esterase library could have multi‐faceted future applications including in vivo imaging , biocatalyst screening, molecular fingerprinting, and inhibitor design. Support or Funding Information This work was supported by a grant from the National Institutes of Health (NIH 1 R15 GM110641‐01A1). This abstract is from the Experimental Biology 2018 Meeting. There is no full text article associated with this abstract published in The FASEB Journal .

Topic: Enzyme Catalysis and Immobilization
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Flavonol Glycosides From Three Members of the Lythraceae

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTFlavonol Glycosides From Three Members of the LythraceaeP. Balraj and S. NagarajanCite this: J. Nat. Prod. 1981, 44, 6, 660–661Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1981Publication History Published online1 July 2004Published inissue 1 November 1981https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/np50018a004https://doi.org/10.1021/np50018a004research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views90Altmetric-Citations5LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts

Topic: Phytochemistry and Biological Activities
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
A new termination condition for the application of the TLM method to discontinuity problems in closed homogeneous waveguide

In this paper, we propose exact transmission-line matrix (TLM) boundary conditions for closed homogeneous waveguides. This approach is based on applying mode matching at the absorbing boundaries to the time-domain TLM algorithm. The absorbing condition in the time domain is achieved by the convolution of the modal characteristic impedances following inverse Fourier transform. The method is demonstrated for thick inductive irises in rectangular waveguide, showing excellent wide-band match of the fundamental mode, as well as of higher order modes excited by the discontinuity.

Topic: Electromagnetic Simulation and Numerical Methods
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Peace-in-Difference: A Phenomenological Approach to Peace Through Difference

This article develops the notion of 'peace-in-difference', based on a phenomenological approach to difference from German sociology in the 1920s to the French philosophies of Emmanuel Lévinas and Jacques Derrida. Such an attempt responds to a long-standing concern in peacebuilding theory and practice and is critical of essentialist and linear-teleological approaches to peace, as with the theoretical framework of liberal peace-building. As a consequence, 'peace-in-difference' is sceptical with attempts to define peace as a status, but rather envisions peace as a perennial process of dialogue. However, 'peace-in-difference', even though having the critique of liberal peace and subsequent research questions in common with post-liberal approaches, it is also critical with their construction of 'the local' as as a binary opposition to 'the international'. Though this binary is an attempt to overcome liberal legacies in International Relations (IR) and peace studies, it nevertheless risks reintroducing essentialism. In contrast, a phenomenological approach infers a positive understanding of difference(s) which can be generative of peace, if and when perceived in non-essentialist ways and negotiated as such.

Topic: Peacebuilding and International Security
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Shaping a Creative Milieu: Creativity, Process, Pedagogy, Leadership, and Place

This paper surveys research in relation to the conditions and processes considered important in fostering creativity in a variety of contexts including cities, organizations, and learning environments. Two established schools of the arts, and their leaders, serve as case studies in the examination of milieu designed to foster creative thinking and work. The paper identifies ten characteristics found to be common in the formation of creative milieu by scholars in psychology, business, economics, anthropology, geography, leadership, urban studies, education, and the arts. Characteristics include exchanges across cultures and domains of knowledge, opportunities for serendipitous interactions and for solitude, risk-taking, stable economic conditions, inclusive leadership, open communication, and the presence of visual stimulants and other creative people and activity.

Topic: Creativity in Education and Neuroscience
Subfield: Experimental and Cognitive Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Use of High-Frequency AC Voltammetry To Study Kinetics of Physical Adsorption at Mercury Ultramicroelectrodes

Adsorption kinetics of small organic molecules was studied by ac voltammetry with mercury ultramicroelectrodes in the frequency range 0.22−6.25 MHz. It was found that the activation energy of the adsorption process can be expressed as a linear combination of the electrical component of the standard free energy of adsorption (a major contribution) and the energy of lateral interactions (a minor contribution). The results suggest that, during the adsorption process, work against an electrical field must be performed before excess energy (due to the change in the hydrophobic interactions) is released. The final state is reached by a rotational and translational motion of the surfactant molecule. At the zero charge potential the rate constant reaches the maximum value of (4.6 ± 0.3) × 109 s-1. This value indicates that the viscosity of interfacial water at mercury near the zero charge potential is about 1.7 times higher than the bulk viscosity.

Topic: Electrochemical Analysis and Applications
Subfield: Electrochemistry
Field: Chemistry
Domain: Physical Sciences
Preparation of an Indium-113m Generator

半減期115日の113Snを利用する113mIn発生器は, 長期にわたって1日に2回以上ミルキングでき, ここに得られる短半減期 (100分) の113mInは, β線を放出せず393keVの純γ線を放出する実用上便利な核種である。硫化第二スズを陰イオン交換樹脂内で沈殿化して固定させたカラムを使用し, 同位体交換反応を利用して113mIn発生器を試作した。この調製法は迅速かつ簡単である。0.1～0.01M塩酸溶液10～15mlにより, 0.5～0.7ml/minの流速で1日に2回, 数十回ミルキングした。この結果113Snの漏れはつねにはじめの放射能の10-3～10-4%のものが得られた。この方法によって得られる113mInの純度の変動は小さいから, 次回のミルキングで得られる113mInの純度が予測できて便利である。113Sn原液中に含まれていた放射性不純物60Coおよび114mInは, この方法によってカラムから除去された。113mInの収率は約20%であり, 溶離の迅速化および溶離剤の減量化とともに改良の余地が認められる。

Topic: Radiopharmaceutical Chemistry and Applications
Subfield: Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences