jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Suboptimal antiretroviral therapy adherence among HIV-infected adults in Guangzhou, China

Despite China“s free antiretroviral treatment (ART) program, there are high rates of treatment failure, large sociodemographic disparities in care outcomes and emerging medication resistance. Understanding patient medication adherence behaviors and challenges could inform adherence interventions to maximize the individual and prevention benefits of ART. This study assessed recent non-adherence and treatment interruption among 813 HIV-infected adult outpatients in Guangzhou, China. Participants completed a behavioral survey, underwent chart review, and were tested for syphilis, gonorrhea, and chlamydia. Factors associated with suboptimal adherence were identified using univariate and multivariate logistic regression. Among 721 HIV-infected adults receiving ART, 18.9% reported recent non-adherence (any missed ART in the past 4 weeks) and 6.8% reported treatment interruption (four or more weeks of missed ART in the past year). Lower education, living alone, alcohol use and being on ART one to three years were associated with recent non-adherence. Male gender, lower education and being on ART one to three years were associated with treatment interruption. ART medication adherence interventions are needed in China that include individualized, long-term adherence plans sensitive to patients“ educational and economic situations. These interventions should also consider possible gender disparities in treatment outcomes and address the use of alcohol during ART. Successful ART medication adherence interventions in China can inform other international settings that face similar adherence challenges and disparities.

Topic: HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
Subfield: Infectious Diseases
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
A Path to Financial Literacy: Potential Impact of a Personal Finance Course

Concern about financial literacy in the U.S. has grown significantly in recent years as consumer debt levels rise and the rate of change in financial services and technology has increased (Braunstein and Welch, p. 445). Lower personal savings rates (including their impact on retirement) and increased filings for personal bankruptcy have also been important factors in drawing attention to financial literacy on a national level. Various initiatives and programs, however, are being developed across the U.S. by numerous stakeholder groups to promote financial education and improve financial literacy. These efforts include the development of college-level courses in personal finance as well as state-mandated financial education curriculum for public school districts. In addition, the Financial Literacy and Education Commission has been created, through federal legislation, to establish and maintain, among other things, a website of financial education materials and programs. This paper focuses on the potential impact of a personal finance course as a method to improve financial literacy for undergraduate students. This type of course, though not widely available, is becoming more prevalent. Some colleges and universities offer a Personal Finance course within the business curriculum. Generally, this course is available to all students at the college and is not allowed to satisfy course requirements for any business major, including finance and accounting. Other schools provide a financial planning education program that is registered with the Certified Financial Planner Board of Standards, Inc. (CFP). As of October 2004, there were 310 registered programs at 191 colleges and universities in the U.S. (www.cfp.net).

Topic: Financial Literacy, Pension, Retirement Analysis
Subfield: Accounting
Field: Business, Management and Accounting
Domain: Social Sciences
In vitro all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) sensitivity and cellular retinoic acid binding protein (CRABP) levels in relapse leukemic cells after remission induction by ATRA in acute promyelocytic leukemia.

The current treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL, also called AML3 subtype) is focused on differentiating agents such as the vitamin A derivative all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA). This agent is a novel and very promising therapy for this disease characterized cytogenetically by a translocation t(15;17)(q21;q22) involving the alpha retinoic acid receptor on chromosome 17 and the PML gene on chromosome 15. Clinical trials have demonstrated that ATRA followed by or combined with conventional chemotherapy may be more beneficial than chemotherapy for inducing complete remission. Unfortunately, ATRA as a single agent, does not appear able to maintain patients in remission (median 5 months), and when relapse occurs resistance to a second induction of ATRA therapy is observed in almost all cases. Recently our laboratory investigated whether specific features of the AML3 cells at relapse could explain the in vivo resistance observed. We have demonstrated that AML3 patients' cells (from four patients) at relapse show high levels of CRABP, a cytosolic retinoic acid binding protein and this protein was not detected prior to ATRA therapy. Relapse-AML3 cells (n = 12) showed reduced differentiation induction when compared with 'virgin'-AML3 cells. Results from this study suggest that CRABP could modulate ATRA cellular concentrations reaching the nucleus. This induced ATRA hypercatabolytic state should be monitored during consolidation therapy and at relapse by evaluating CRABP and RA metabolite levels, in order to detect ATRA resistance in patients with AML3.

Topic: Retinoids in leukemia and cellular processes
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
A scalable SDN slicing scheme for multi-domain fog/cloud services

By bringing Cloud-like services much closer to endusers and their devices, Fog computing is foreseen to expand the scope of overlay networks, encompassing different heterogeneity dimensions (i.e., size, geographical distribution, devices/virtual objects (VOs) involved, quality of service (QoS) requirements, etc.). Although highly flexible solutions like Software-Defined Networking (SDN) have been conceived to handle such heterogeneity in future networks, scalability is still an open issue, especially with respect to Fog computing requirements. In this paper, we propose an SDN-based network slicing scheme for supporting multi-domain Fog/Cloud services, which offers high scalability, among other aspects, over legacy ones. Results show that the number of unicast forwarding rules needed to be installed in an overlay drops by up to over one order of magnitude and 4 times compared to the "fully-meshed" and OpenStack cases, respectively, at the cost of possible path sub-optimality, albeit knowledge on the datacenter topology can be used for VO placement optimization.

Topic: Software-Defined Networks and 5G
Subfield: Computer Networks and Communications
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Frequency Dependence of the Photosensitivity of the Low Frequency Electric Discharge

The photosensitive nature of the low frequency electric discharge with 50 cycle potentials in halogens enclosed in glass vessels is studied. The larger the quantum energy of the photon or the shorter the wave-length of the radiation used for irradiating the system, the lower is the potential at which the discharge could be initiated. The photovariation, Δ i , of the discharge current, i , flowing through the system is a linear function of the frequency of the external radiation; it is also dependent on the applied field and is associated primarily with the electrode regions.

Topic: Laser Design and Applications
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
DETECTION OF SALMONELLA AND HELICOBACTER SPP. IN CAPTIVE WILD FELIDS

The current study aimed to investigate the presence of Salmonella and Helicobacter species in captive wild felids in addition to perform serotyping, antibiotic sensitivity test to the isolated Salmonella spp.and detection of antibiotic resistance and virulence genes.A total of 60 fecal samples were collected from 30 captive wild felids from Giza zoo and private zoo in Egypt.All animals were apparent healthy except eight African lions (Panthera Leo) have a history of vomiting.Samples were examined bacteriologically for the presence of Salmonella spp., followed by biochemical and serological tests.Moreover, obtained isolates were subjected to antimicrobial sensitivity testing and detection of antibiotic resistance and virulence genes.Fecal samples from lions with history of vomiting, were subjected to direct molecular identification for detection of Helicobacter spp.Overall, Salmonella spp.were isolated from 3 wild cats (Felis chaus).Two serovars of Salmonella were detected; S. Bovismorbificans and S. Southampton while Helicobacter felis was isolated from one African lion.Isolates of Salmonella spp.showed complete resistance to cefaclor (100%), cefoxitin (100%), and cefadroxil (100%); and very high resistance to tobramycin (66.7%), while it completely sensitive to Azithromycin (100%), Sulfa/trimethoprim (100%), Nitrofurantoin (100%), Doxycycline (100%), Amoxicillin-Clavulanic acid (100%), Fosfomycin (100%) and Oxytetracycline (100%).blaTEM and blaSHV were confirmed in Salmonella isolates showing resistant to Cefaclor and Cefoxitin, and aadA2 in S. Bovismorbificans that showing resistant to tobramycin.S. Southampton and S. Bovismorbificans have invA, stn, sopB, and hilA genes while S. Bovismorbificans carry also pefA gene as a virulence genes.

Topic: Salmonella and Campylobacter epidemiology
Subfield: Food Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
The effect of di-(-2-ethyl hexyl) phthalate (Dehp) as plasticizer on the thermal and mechanical properties of pvc/pmma blends

Plasticizers play a key role in the formulation of polymers and in determining their physical properties and processability. This study examines the effect of di(2-ethyl hexyl)phthalate (DEHP) as plasticizer on the thermal and mechanical properties of PVC/PMMA blends. For that purpose, blends of variable composition, from 0 to 100 wt%, were prepared in the presence (15, 30 and 50 wt %) and in the absence of di(2-ethyl hexyl)phthalate. The thermal degradation of the blends was investigated by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) in an atmosphere of synthetic air in the temperature range of 50-550°C. The variation of the mechanical properties, such as tensile behavior, hardness and impact resistance, were investigated for all blend compositions. The effect of the plasticizer on the same properties was considered. The results obtained show that a range of properties can be generated according to the blend compositions. Therefore, the addition of PMMA to the blends stabilized PVC, for the initial thermal degradation, and the addition of the plasticizer caused a decrease of stress at break and Young modulus.

Topic: Polymer Science and PVC
Subfield: Polymers and Plastics
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Boom to bust, ashes to (coal) dust: the contested ethics of energy exchanges in a declining US coal market

Abstract This essay explores how rank‐and‐file producers of energy evaluate the ethics of energy exchanges, which sheds light on some of the unexamined assumptions animating anthropological studies of energy and ethics. Exploring how coal miners experience a massive downturn in Wyoming, the centre of US coal production, reveals differing logics of exchange between the producers and consumers of electricity. Most Americans engage with electricity as consumers through a commodity framework, paying utility companies a fee to purchase kilowatt hours that are abstracted from their productive origins. In contrast, the miners experience energy as more of a gift exchange, keeping in view the network of the ultimate consumers of the coal they produce. These differing logics of exchange entail different ethical obligations in the face of the termination of those relationships as the country moves away from coal‐fired electricity, helping to explain the outrage that was felt in ‘coal country’ – an outrage that Donald Trump exploited for political purposes during the 2016 US presidential election.

Topic: Geographies of human-animal interactions
Subfield: Geography, Planning and Development
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Effective Defect Localization on Nanoscale Short Failures

Abstract This paper presents two case studies, based on 32nm Silicon-On-Insulator (SOI) and 28nm bulk Si technology, on finding the root cause of nanometer scale short failures using Passive Voltage Contrast (PVC), Active Voltage Contrast (AVC) and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). PVC/AVC is used as precision localization technique that is critical for a successful FA-TEM analysis. Combining planar TEM sample preparation and high sensitivity Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS) mapping, a small residual filament, which is not visible even at high resolution TEM, is found to short two metal lines. The effective usage of voltage contrast and TEM provides the need of high throughput, high precision, and high resolution in the advanced FA lab that serves leading-edge semiconductor manufacturing.

Topic: Integrated Circuits and Semiconductor Failure Analysis
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Arnuwanda and Asmunikal donation document to hierolude Kuwattalla, tablet concordance KBo V 7 - CTH 223

Transcription of the fragment of tablet concordance KBo V 7 (inventory no. Bo 2004) which is about Kuwattalla, the queenâs attendant as well as authoress of a magic ritual and land granted by Arnuwanda I in gratitude for her expertise. "Hierodule" means "sacred prostitute", but the term is not used literally; instead, it is more likely to refer to a former slave freed from slavery in order to be "dedicated" to a god. Emmanuel Laroche translated this text as "DâArnuwanda et Asmunikal Ã lâhiÃ©rodule Kuwattallaâ and classifies this tablet in the category of administrative and technical texts (Catalogue des textes Hittites, No. 223).

Topic: Ancient Near East History
Subfield: Archeology
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
&lt;title&gt;Resolution verification targets for airborne and spaceborne imaging systems at the Stennis Space Center&lt;/title&gt;

The number of available spaceborne and airborne systems will dramatically increase over the next few years. A common systematic approach toward verification of these systems will become important for comparing the systems' operational performance. The Commercial Remote Sensing Program at the John C. Stennis Space Center (SSC) in Mississippi has developed design requirements for a remote sensing verification target range to provide a means to evaluate spatial, spectral, and radiometric performance of optical digital remote sensing systems. The verification target range consists of spatial, spectral, and radiometric targets painted on a 150- by 150-meter concrete pad located at SSC. The design criteria for this target range are based upon work over a smaller, prototypical target range at SSC during 1996. This paper outlines the purpose and design of the verification target range based upon an understanding of the systems to be evaluated as well as data analysis results from the prototypical target range.

Topic: Satellite Image Processing and Photogrammetry
Subfield: Ocean Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Combining Diving and Reflected Waves for Velocity Model Building by Waveform Inversion

Summary Full Waveform Inversion (FWI) aims to reconstruct high-resolution subsurface models from the full wavefield, which includes diving waves, subcritical reflections and short-spread reflections. Most of the successful applications of FWI have been driven by the information carried out by diving waves and subcritical reflections to build the long-to-intermediate wavelengths of the velocity structure. Alternative approaches have been recently revisited to retrieve this long-wavelength content from short-spread reflections only using some prior knowledge of the reflectivity. The present study presents a unified formalism, which aims to update the low wavenumbers of the velocity model by joint inversion of the diving waves and the full reflected wavefield. The method relies on an explicit scale separation between a smooth velocity macromodel and reflectivity, which is assumed to be known, and an explicit data separation between the short-spread reflections and the wide-angle arrivals (i.e., diving waves and subcritical reflections). Applications on simple layered models and a synthetic Valhall model show how the low-wavenumber content of the subsurface is emphasized at all depths by keeping only the transmission wavepaths generated by full wavefields in the gradient of FWI.

Topic: Seismic Imaging and Inversion Techniques
Subfield: Geophysics
Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences
Domain: Physical Sciences
GreenPhylDB v5: a comparative pangenomic database for plant genomes

Abstract Comparative genomics is the analysis of genomic relationships among different species and serves as a significant base for evolutionary and functional genomic studies. GreenPhylDB (https://www.greenphyl.org) is a database designed to facilitate the exploration of gene families and homologous relationships among plant genomes, including staple crops critically important for global food security. GreenPhylDB is available since 2007, after the release of the Arabidopsis thaliana and Oryza sativa genomes and has undergone multiple releases. With the number of plant genomes currently available, it becomes challenging to select a single reference for comparative genomics studies but there is still a lack of databases taking advantage several genomes by species for orthology detection. GreenPhylDBv5 introduces the concept of comparative pangenomics by harnessing multiple genome sequences by species. We created 19 pangenes and processed them with other species still relying on one genome. In total, 46 plant species were considered to build gene families and predict their homologous relationships through phylogenetic-based analyses. In addition, since the previous publication, we rejuvenated the website and included a new set of original tools including protein-domain combination, tree topologies searches and a section for users to store their own results in order to support community curation efforts.

Topic: Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Effects of sprinkler irrigation on soil nitrate-N distribution and nitrogen uptake of winter wheat under the field conditions

The effects of sprinkler irrigation on soil nitrate-N distribution and nitrogen uptake of winter wheat were analyzed through two-year field experiments.The control treatment was traditional surface irrigation(border irrigation). The experimental results indicate that the peak of soil nitrate-N transports shallowly and distributes mainly within upper 40 cm soil layers where most roots of winter wheat distribute under sprinkler irrigation compared with under surface irrigation.In the sublayer of root zone of winter wheat,soil nitrate-N cumulates under surface irrigation in various degrees compared with under sprinkler irrigation.The accumulation of soil nitrate-N leached are 8.68 kg/hm2 and 7.70 kg/hm2 under surface irrigation in 2003 and 2004,respectively.The accumulation of soil nitrate-N leached under sprinkler irrigation is very small,about less than 3% of surface irrigation conditions.The amount of nitrogen uptake by winter wheat under sprinkler irrigation is 235.7 kg/hm2 and 161.7 kg/hm2 in two years,7.0 kg/hm2 and 34.7 kg/hm2 higher than that under surface irrigation,respectively.Sprinkler irrigation has the promoting effects on nitrogen uptake by winter wheat in the later period.The difference of nitrogen uptake by winter wheat during different growing periods between each year under sprinkler irrigation is all smaller than that under surface irrigation.

Topic: Environmental and Agricultural Sciences
Subfield: Water Science and Technology
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Vertically encoded tetragonal hydrogel microparticles for multiplexed detection of miRNAs associated with Alzheimer's disease

Using hydrodynamic focusing lithography, we created vertically encoded tetragonal hydrogel microparticles that can be used for a multiplexed microRNA assay related to Alzheimer's disease.

Topic: Advanced biosensing and bioanalysis techniques
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Defective anterior wall of inguinal canal and its role in the pathophysiology of direct inguinal hernias

Regrding pathophysiology of direct inguinal hernias the following are pointed our:1-Absence of contribution of fascia of transverses abdominis muscle along with fascia transversalis in making posterior wall of the inguinal canal causing defect point in Hesselbachs triangle.2- Defects in protectin mechanisms of the inguinal canal such as: I) shutter like effect of the arch of internal oblique and transverses abdominis muscles. ii) Sphincter like effect of fascia of oblique muscle (anterior wall of canl).During several years of observation and practice in the field of surgical repair of hernias, a new phenomenon was observed regarding the etiology of direct hernias.Evaluation of superficial ring and Ant. Wall of inguinal canal in 25 patients showed that the ant. Wall was not perfect and the defect was seen as a spectrum of moderate defect to complete absence of the wall. This phenomenon may be a newly observed mechanism in pathology of direct inguinal hernia that might help the operative repair. Taking this into account, i.e. repair of this defect, might help the classic herniorrhaphy techniques

Topic: Hernia repair and management
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Dose estimates to the public due to

\n210Po activity concentrations have been measured in Lolodorf high background radiation area in cocoa beans which are hand-processed into cocoa powder for breakfast purposes to estimate radiological dose to human. 210Po has been also measured in cocoa leaves and compared to the cocoa beans 210Po content. The analysis has been carried out by CANBERRA alpha spectrometry using ion-implanted silicon detectors. 210Po activity concentrations in cocoa beans varied from 2.31 ± 0.23 to 8.09 ± 0.56 Bq.kg−1, while these values varied from 21.7 ± 0.87 to 66.67 ± 1.58 Bq.kg−1 in cocoa leaves. The corresponding mean values are 4.96 ± 1.86 and 42.54 ± 16 Bq.kg−1 on a dry weight basis respectively. The obtained values confirm the fact that 210Po activity concentrations in cocoa leaves are high compared to the cocoa beans due to the deposition of 222Rn daughters in the atmosphere. The mean radiological doses to human were founded to be 0.227, 0.134, 0.083 and 0.062 mSv/year for children 2- to 7-year-olds, 7- to 12-year-olds, 12- to 17-year-olds and for adult respectively. Ingestion of cocoa powder by the most exposed group ages (children) might not exceed the recommended dose limit for members of the public, which is 1 mSv/year.\n

Topic: Radioactivity and Radon Measurements
Subfield: Radiological and Ultrasound Technology
Field: Health Professions
Domain: Health Sciences