jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Vimentin expression and the influence of Matrigel in cell lines of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma

Vimentin is a cytoeskeletal intermediate filament protein commonly observed in mesenchymal cells; however, it can also be found in malignant epithelial cells. It is demonstrated in several carcinomas, such as those of the cervix, breast and bladder, in which it is widely used as a marker of the epithelial to mesenchymal transition that takes place during embryogenesis and metastasis. Vimentin is associated with tumors that show a high degree of invasiveness, being detected in invasion front cells. Its expression seems to be influenced by the tumor microenvironment. The aim of this study was to evaluate vimentin expression in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) cell lines, and to investigate the contribution of the microenvironment to its expression. HNSCC cell lines (HN6, HN30 and HN31) and an immortalized nontumorigenic cell line (HaCaT) were submitted to a three-dimensional assay with Matrigel. Cytoplasmatic staining of the HN6 cell line cultured without Matrigel and of the HN30 and HN31 cell lines cultured with Matrigel was demonstrated through immunohistochemistry. Western Blotting revealed a significant decrease in vimentin expression for the HN6 cell line and a significant increase for the HN30 and HN31 cell lines cultured with Matrigel. The results suggest that vimentin can be expressed in HNSCC cells and its presence is influenced by the microenvironment of a tumor.

Topic: Skin and Cellular Biology Research
Subfield: Cell Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Mitochondrial DNA Damage, Oxidative Stress, and Atherosclerosis

A therosclerosis is an insidious disease that can remain undetected for decades before manifesting, sometimes lethally, in the form of a stroke or myocardial infarction.With >900 000 Americans experiencing a heart attack annually, 1 there is a strong need to develop better treatments or preventative measures, but these will necessitate a better understanding of the underlying process.Most evidence suggests that atherosclerosis is initiated by chronic endothelial injury in response to the accumulation of low-density lipoprotein and oxidized low-density lipoprotein in the vessel wall, which stimulates an inflammatory response. 2Although the involvement of elevated circulating lipids and oxidative stress are well recognized in this process (Figure), critical questions remain.These include the question of what causes the atherosclerotic plaque to worsen progressively rather than to resolve, and what causes relatively innocuous, stable plaques to transform into unstable, vulnerable plaques, which are liable to rupture and lead to thrombus formation.

Topic: Mitochondrial Function and Pathology
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Requests for Commission reports [12], 1991-07-09/1991-07-13

Requests for Commission reports, 1991-07-09/1991-07-13. PART OF A SERIES: The series consists of miscellaneous source materials that were collected and analyzed over the course of the Independent Commission's investigation. Included are the following: article clippings pertaining to the Rodney King incident; legal materials related to the Gates v. Board of Los Angeles Police Commissioners case, including appellate documents, court transcripts, preliminary injunctions, and briefs; black-and-white photographs; essays and articles related to police misconduct; issues of The Thin Blue Line, the Los Angeles Police Protective League's monthly publication, and Perspectives on Policing, a newsletter published by the United States Department of Justice; materials regarding policing issues in other major United States cities, including commission reports and Pate and Hamilton's book The Big Six: Policing America's Largest Cities; supplemental materials and appendices to the Independent Commission's report; requests for copies of the Commission report; transcripts from public hearings conducted by members of the Commission; and instructional materials related to the Video Incident Capture System, a video camera system that provides video and audio records of police officers' activities while on patrol.

Topic: Acne and Rosacea Treatments and Effects
Subfield: Dermatology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Angular Distribution of Inelastic Light Scattering by Dyed Doped Pollen on a Silica Fiber

We investigated the angular distribution of the fluorescence of dyed pollens. Scattering from hazel, willow, oak, jonquil, and pine pollen was measured. Characteristic features could be detected that may help identify the pollen by light scattering.

Topic: Plant and animal studies
Subfield: Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Some aspects of the biology of Pilaira species

This thesis describes investigations into Pilaira anomla, P.caucasica and P.moreaui, also a brief review of previous work on these coprophilous mucoraceous fungi. The isolation of Pilaira from dung is described, together with measurements of the diagnostic characteristics of a number of isolates. P.anmala was found to produce a vegetative 'growth ring' when the mycelium was briefly exposed to light. This phenomenon was associated with a marked temporary reduction in vegetative growth, P.caucasica and P.moreaui did not show any such conspicuous responses. The carotene pigments present in P.anomala have been analysed in detail and related to analyses in other members of the Mucorales. The morphology and location on the mycelium of the priraordia of the sporangiophores has been studied. Sporangiophores were initiated by all three species in darkness, but a requirement for light by P.anomala for the development of the sporangium was found. The external morphology of the Stages of sporangiophore development are described, together with a brief study of the development of the columella and spores within the sporangium in all three species. The durations of the Stages of development have also been measured. The pattern of growth of the developing and mature sporangiophores has been studied. The twisting of the mature sporangiophore during growth was measured in P.caucasica and demonstrated in the other two species. The production of 'stolons' - abnormal sporangiophores, has been described. A detailed analysis of the positive phototropism of the young and mature Stages of sporangiophore development has been made, including the reversal of tropism under liquid paraffin and a close examination of the location of the bending zone in all three species. Finally, indication has been made of topics suitable for further investigation.

Topic: Mycorrhizal Fungi and Plant Interactions
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
LIABILITY FOR HIGHWAY DRAINAGE DAMAGES

This effort to help engineers confronted with drainage problems having legal implications, reviews many cases on this subject. The duties and responsibilities of road agencies are outlined, and cases where damages have been allowed against municipal corporations are listed and discussed. Since all claims for damages to land as a result of flooding are based on improper drainage or interference with water caused by the highway or street facility, it is important that public officials in charge of designing, constructing, and maintaining the roads have a knowledge of the Law of the Water as interpreted in their jurisdiction. A review of the many cases which resulted in verdicts in favor of the landowners indicate that the flood damage could have been avoided if the public official had been more aware of the liability as a matter of law. Damage could also be avoided by more attention to the findings of recent drainage research. If unprecedented rain occurs and private lands are flooded, the fact that careful hydraulic analysis had been made and the facility designed accordingly may establish that it was the rainfall and not the highway improvement that caused the damage.

Topic: Hydrology and Sediment Transport Processes
Subfield: Ecology
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Supplementary Fig.S9 from MTX-13, a novel PTK7-directed antibody-drug conjugate with widened therapeutic index shows sustained tumor regressions for a broader spectrum of PTK7-positive tumors

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Fig.S9 shows hematology and serum chemistry of MTX-13 in monkey&lt;/p&gt;

Topic: Melanoma and MAPK Pathways
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Bearing Fault Diagnosis Based on Multiscale Lightweight Convolutional Neural Network

Many bearing fault diagnosis methods often struggle to balance between adequate feature extraction and lightweight property, which makes it somewhat difficult to fulfill the accuracy and efficiency required for practical applications. To address this issue, this study describes the development of a multiscale lightweight deep learning model for accurate bearing fault diagnosis. Specifically, the Gaussian pyramid method, which can create a series of images at different scales, is employed to express the Gramian angular field (GAF) matrix images generated by transforming the bearing vibration signals to avoid the common problem of insufficient feature extraction of a single-scale image. At the same time, the dependencies between feature channels are extracted using a lightweight attention mechanism utilized in deep learning, known as Efficient Channel Attention (ECA), to improve the capability of feature representation. This approach effectively improves the learning ability of bearing fault characteristics and greatly increases the accuracy of fault diagnosis. Considering the problem related to the lightweight level of the method, a Ghost module, a type of convolution neural network system, is also employed to generate more features by using fewer parameters, thereby improving the overall calculation efficiency. Here we have developed a residual module based on the Ghost module and ECA, which can be easily integrated into most bearing fault diagnosis backbone networks. Based on our experimental tests, the developed system can clearly achieve high accuracy precision of bearing fault diagnosis to fulfill the needs of practical engineering while maintaining light weight. Specifically, the test accuracy of the proposed method using two bearing fault datasets exceeds 99.4%, and the giga floating-point operations (GFLOPs) is only 1.99, which can fully meet the needs of practical engineering.

Topic: Industrial Technology and Control Systems
Subfield: Control and Systems Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Multiple cutaneous reticulohistiocytosis with T‐cell large granular lymphocyte clonopathy

Abstract A 63‐year‐old Caucasian man presented with a 4‐month history of disseminated asymptomatic reddish‐brown papulonodular lesions. A skin biopsy showed dermal infiltration with CD 68 + histiocytes, predominantly with eosinophilic cytoplasm, some with a ground‐glass cytoplasm, and a small number of giant cells. The diagnosis of multiple cutaneous reticulohistiocytosis was made. Bone marrow immunophenotyping due to peripheral blood lymphocytosis revealed the presence of a monoclonal population of CD 3 + , CD 8 + CD 57 + large granular lymphocytes. The present case suggests the coexistence of multiple cutaneous reticulohistiocytosis with an underlying disorder.

Topic: Histiocytic Disorders and Treatments
Subfield: Physiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Supplementary Table S1 from A Strong B-cell Response Is Part of the Immune Landscape in Human High-Grade Serous Ovarian Metastases

&lt;p&gt;Total patient cohort characteristics reporting the age, disease stage and treatment of patients used in this study&lt;/p&gt;

Topic: Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
Subfield: Immunology
Field: Immunology and Microbiology
Domain: Life Sciences
A Nordic model in child welfare?

Abstract This chapter captures the similarities and variations in the performance of child welfare through a comparative Nordic approach. It provides new perspectives on the discussion on whether the welfare model way of thinking is producing good results in the case of child welfare services in the Nordic countries. The chapter also provides general reflections on methodological issues in comparative research on personal welfare services. The research to which this chapter refers is based on case studies of municipal individually geared social work in Copenhagen, Helsinki, Oslo and Stockholm. The results from the first two parts of the study are given with the aim of highlighting some possible features of a Nordic model in child welfare. The results from the study appear to reflect clearly a family service oriented and preventive Nordic child welfare system. The analyses do point at a common model of child welfare in the selected welfare offices in the four countries.

Topic: Research in Social Sciences
Subfield: Education
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Quality Control of Soybean Phosphotide(II) ——Effect on Crude Oil Processing Condition

In order to get high quality lecithin,crude oil from which lecithin is to be recovered is usually filtered prior to degumming to remove impurities.Steam or water is ideal for a good high quality lecithin.Optimal water concentration appears to be closest to the phospholipid content of the crude oil.Most additives used to aid degumming are usually deleterious to the lecithin,except for acetic anhydride.Acetic anhydride will react with the lecithin gums to form some acylated phospholethanolamine.Other additives such as phosphoric acid tend to burn the lecithin on drying.Inorganic salts affect the physical and functional properties.In actual centrifugal process,operational focus should be placed on centrifugal pressure differential rather than on backpressure.

Topic: Petroleum Processing and Analysis
Subfield: Analytical Chemistry
Field: Chemistry
Domain: Physical Sciences
Bis(μ-2-methylquinolin-1-ium-8-olato-κ<sup>2</sup><i>O</i>:<i>O</i>′)bis[(2-methylquinolin-1-ium-8-olato-κ<i>O</i>)tris(nitrato-κ<sup>2</sup><i>O</i>,<i>O</i>′)lanthanum(III)]

The two independent N-heterocycles in the centrosymmetric title compound, [La(2)(C(10)H(9)NO)(4)(NO(3))(6)], exist in the zwitterionic form. One of these binds to one metal center, whereas the other bridges two metal centers. The La atom is chelated by three nitrate groups and is surrounded by nine O atoms in a coordination environment based on a distorted monocapped square-anti-prism. The dinuclear structure is further stabilized by intra-molecular N-H⋯O(nitrate) hydrogen bonds.

Topic: Metal complexes synthesis and properties
Subfield: Oncology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Pneumatosis intestinalis in the small bowel of an adult—a radiological sign of a serious post-operative complication

Pneumatosis intestinalis in the adult is usually described involving the colon and typically, it runs a benign course. This case report is of intramural gas in the small intestine of an adult, the development of which was of serious significance, and which was analogous to neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis. A 38-year-old lady originally presented in out-patients with a three-month history of five to six watery stools per day, associated with colicky abdominal pain. Examination at that time revealed no abnormal signs. One week later, before a barium enema had been performed, she was admitted as an emergency, passing large amounts of fresh blood per rectum. Initially her cardiovascular system was stable, but she continued to bleed briskly and as a result, became hypotensive.

Topic: Abdominal vascular conditions and treatments
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
A New Method for Brain Death Diagnosis Based on Phase Synchronization Analysis With EEG

Although brain death has been accepted by most countries, how to diagnose brain death quickly and accurately is still a very challenging task. Electroencephalography (EEG) is considered to be one of the most effective methods for clinically diagnosing the brain state. In the present study, we investigated if it is possible to find a robust neuro-marker to help doctors diagnose brain death from the perspective of brain information interaction. With 6-channel EEG data collected from prefrontal lobe of 30 patients (deep coma: 13, brain death 17), PLV was used to measure the phase synchronization and quantify the interaction between brain regions. Firstly, we found that there exists significant difference in brain synchronization between brain death patients and deep coma patients. Then, an interesting phenomenon was observed. In all the three low frequency bands (delta, theta, alpha), synchronization between the left hemisphere and the right hemisphere (IHPS) is significantly stronger than that only in left (LHPS) or right hemisphere (RHPS) for deep coma patients. However, this phenomenon has not been found in high frequency bands (beta and gamma) and for brain death patients. More importantly, it was verified for almost every patient (only 1 exception). This phenomenon might provide a robust neuro-marker for brain death diagnosis. Finally, we tried to distinguish between brain death and brain coma by monitoring brain synchronization in real time. The results also show the effectiveness and accuracy of our method. The method proposed in this paper can not only provide doctors with more stable and effective information, but also hope to develop a new visualization tool to assist brain death diagnosis.

Topic: EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces
Subfield: Cognitive Neuroscience
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences
The relationship between the rate of DNA synthesis and its inhibition by ultraviolet light in mammalian cells.

The rate of ${}^{3}{\rm HTdr}$ incorporation into DNA varied with temperature according to a linear Arrhenius relationship between 4° and 40°C, with an activation energy of 25.8 kcal/mole. After irradiation with moderate doses only a small fraction of the genome completed replication, and DNA synthesis stopped within 2 hours. Dose-response curves for the inhibition of DNA synthesis at temperatures of 25°, 31°, and 37°C were all of the biphasic or multiphasic type, and the sensitivity to irradiation was higher when the rate of DNA synthesis was higher. The temperature during irradiation was irrelevant, and only the temperature after irradiation had any effect on the observed inhibition. The observations were interpreted in terms of a model in which blocks to replication are introduced into DNA by irradiation and replication ceases when the first block is reached. Simple calculations indicate that pyrimidine dimers may not be effective blocks in mammalian cells. The photoproducts that block replication are ...

Topic: Chemical Reactions and Isotopes
Subfield: Pharmaceutical Science
Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics
Domain: Life Sciences
DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT PINOLE-HERCULES WATER POLLUTION CONTROL PLANT IMPROVEMENT PROJECT

In accordance with Section 15082 of the CEQA Guidelines, the City of Pinole has prepared this Notice of Preparation (NOP) as notification that an EIR will be prepared. The purpose of an NOP is to provide sufficient information about the proposed project and its potential environmental impacts to allow the State of California’s Office of Planning and Research (OPR), responsible and trustee agencies, and interested parties the opportunity to provide a meaningful response related to the scope and content of the EIR, including the significant environmental issues, reasonable alternatives, and mitigation measures that the responsible or trustee agency, or OPR, will need to explore in the EIR (State CEQA Guidelines, Section 15082[b]). A brief description of the proposed project and its location, along with a listing of environmental effects that may occur under the proposed project, are contained in the attached materials. An Initial Study, attached hereto, has been prepared pursuant to CEQA Guidelines Section 15063, which identifies the anticipated environmental effects of the project. The Initial Study satisfies the City’s obligation under CEQA Guidelines Section 15082, subdivision (a)(1)(C), to identify the “probable environmental effects of the project.”

Topic: Water Quality and Resources Studies
Subfield: Water Science and Technology
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
The concept of necessity under the GATT and national regulatory autonomy

The intrusive effects of the WTO on Members regulatory freedom have been a growing concern since the establishment of the WTO Dispute Settlement System (DSS). An assessment of the WTO case law exposes that the Appellate Body (AB) has introduced some elements within the&lt;br /&gt;necessity test under GATT (General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade) article XX which do not find support in the text of the agreement and are potentially invasive of countries regulatory autonomy. This paper examines the evolution of the WTO case law in relation to the necessity concept within GATT 1994. Finally, an adjustment in the application of the necessity test to make it more consistent with the GATT text and to achieve greater balance between free trade and WTO members’ regulatory autonomy is suggested.

Topic: World Trade Organization Law
Subfield: Political Science and International Relations
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Intraperitoneal injuries of the rectum and rectosigmoid encountered in civilian practice

1Athens, Greece Abridgment of original article read at the joint meeting of the American Proctologic Society and the Section of Proctology of the Royal Society of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, May 9 to 14, 1964.

Topic: Abdominal Surgery and Complications
Subfield: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
IgE Responses in Human Schistosomiasis

We have developed a non-competitive solid-phase radioimmunoassay (SPRIA) to quantitate human IgE antibodies to Schistosoma mansoni antigens that was capable of accurately measuring IgE antibodies in both high and low titer sera. Ninety sera from "early" or "chronic" schistosomiasis patients were studied. Both levels of parasite-specific IgE antibodies and the proportion of the total IgE response that was parasite-specific were significantly lower in "early infection" sera than in sera of patients with chronic infections. The SPRIA to adult worm antigen was compared with basophil histamine release and direct intradermal skin testing also performed with the adult antigen. Both tests showed significant correlations with the SPRIA in detecting specific anti-parasite antibody.

Topic: Parasites and Host Interactions
Subfield: Parasitology
Field: Immunology and Microbiology
Domain: Life Sciences