jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Patterns of alcohol consumption and alcohol-related harm among European university students

Abstract Background To compare patterns of alcohol consumption and alcohol-related harm from a survey of university students sampled from universities in Denmark, England, Germany, Italy, Portugal and Switzerland. Methods A total of 2191 university students (70% female, 90% white ethnic group, age range 18–25) completed the survey. Participants completed measures of demographic variables (age, age of onset, ethnic group and sex) and the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT), which was the primary outcome. Results Sixty-three percent of the sample scored negative for harmful drinking on the AUDIT (&amp;lt;8), with 30% categorized as hazardous drinkers, 4% harmful drinkers and 3% with probable dependence. Analysis of variance, including demographic factors as covariates, identified a main effect of country on AUDIT scores F(5, 2086) = 70.97, P &amp;lt; 0.001, partial eta square = 0.15. AUDIT scores were highest in England (M = 9.99; SD = 6.17) and Denmark (M = 9.52; SD = 4.86) and lowest in Portugal (M = 4.90; ° = 4.60). Post hoc tests indicated large effect size differences between scores in Denmark and England and scores in all other countries (0.79 &amp;lt; d &amp;lt; 0.94; all P’s &amp;lt; 0.001). Conclusions European university students in our sample mainly reported low risk patterns of alcohol consumption and alcohol-related harm. However, students from Northern European countries had significantly higher AUDIT scores compared with students from Central and Southern European countries. Research is needed to replicate the present study using nationally representative samples to estimate the prevalence of alcohol use disorders among university students in different European countries.

Topic: Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
Subfield: Epidemiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Principles of Esthetic Integration

This text aims to guide dental practitioners toward a better understanding of the art and science of aesthetics by helping them develop conscious knowledge of the various factors that affect it. Given patients' increasing concern with aesthetics, every practitioner, from general dentist to specialist, should acquire a solid and practical knowledge of the principles, criteria and factors that generate beauty in dentofacial compositions.

Topic: Digital Imaging in Medicine
Subfield: Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Three-vessel-trachea view in the diagnosis of fetal cardiac great vessel malformation.

Fetal cardiac great vessel malformation is attracting increasing attention in the prenatal ultrasonic diagnosis of fetal congenital heart disease. To investigate the clinical diagnostic values of three-vessel-trachea view (3VT view) in the ultrasonic diagnosis of this malformation, the present study analyzed the echocardiographic examination results of 77 fetuses with great vessel malformation, retrospectively analyzed the echocardiographic characteristics in the three-vessel-trachea view, and followed up the enrolled cases. The results suggest that great vessel malformation had characteristic manifestations, such as abnormal arrangement order, inner diameter, blood flow direction and branch. Color Doppler flow imaging found V, O, C, U, Ioo and oVo structures. There were 20 cases of blood vessel position abnormality, 38 cases of abnormal blood vessel diameter, and 19 cases of abnormal number of blood vessels. The detection rate of abnormal blood vessel diameter was 95%, which was the highest; the detection rate of abnormal blood vessel position was 97.4%, and that of abnormal number of blood vessels was 84.2%. It is concluded that the 3VT view can indicate fetal cardiac great vessel malformation. The 3VT view is beneficial to timely prenatal diagnosis, relief of body pain and improvement of quality of birth.

Topic: Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia Studies
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Supplemental Figure 2 from Autophagy-Dependent Sensitization of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Models to Topoisomerase II Poisons by Inhibition of the Nucleosome Remodeling Factor

&lt;p&gt;Supplemental Figure 2. NURF Selectively Suppresses Toxicity to Topoisomerase 2 Poisons and Improves their DNA Damaging Effects.&lt;/p&gt;

Topic: Cancer therapeutics and mechanisms
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
On-line characterization of impacts on electrical train current collectors using integrated optical fiber grating sensor network

A sensor network consisting of unified fiber grating based temperature and strain sensor pads has been developed for integration in carbon/aluminum composite current collector strips, and has been tested in electrical trains on commercial railways. The fiber optic sensor network measures value and position of both con-tact forces and impacts under real-time conditions, immediately at the high voltage location of the interface between overhead contact line and current collector.

Topic: Advanced Fiber Optic Sensors
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN UBI JALAR UNGU TERHADAP SIFAT ORGANOLEPTIK ES KRIM SUSU KAMBING PERANAKAN ETAWA [The Influence of Purple Sweet Potato Increment og Organoleptic Characteristic of Goat Milk Ice Cream of Etawa Generation]

Goat milk is perishable foodstuffs and has low shelf life. One way to preserve it is process goat milk into ice cream. This is usefulforreducingthe damagenutritiongoat milk. Purple sweet potatoes which contain some anthosianin can be added to inprove the texture. However, the amount of purple sweet potato added will affect the texture and body of icecream. Therfore this research is needed. This research was purposed to find concentration of purple sweet potato that will produce the best ice cream especially on organoleptic characteristic. The experiment was arranged in Latin Square design in single factor that consist of 5 levels concentrations of purple sweet potato paste. There were 0% (reference), 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40% (b/b) with 5 replications. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance . furtehre tested using the HSD Test in 5% level of signiificance. The The results showed that addition of 30% sweet potato paste produced the best quality of goat milk ice cream of Etawa . The score of aroma was 3,5 (not specific goat milk), the taste’s score was 3,47 (sweet), color’s score was 2,8 (rather purple), texture’s score was 3,5 (soft), and the overall of acceptance was 3,203 (rather like). This ice cream contained water, protein, fat, ash, crude fiber, and total carbohidrate as amuch as 66,98%, protein was 5,5%, 11,86%, 1,34%, 0,3% and 14,2%. Keyword : goat milk, ice cream, purple sweet potato

Topic: Food and Agricultural Sciences
Subfield: Food Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Trajectories and Planning of the Vital and Professional Project of Elite Athletes

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Topic: Physical Education and Training Studies
Subfield: Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation
Field: Health Professions
Domain: Health Sciences
[Autoimmune polyglandular syndrome].

Among many etiologies for hypoparathyroidism, one of the inheritable forms of hypoparathyroidism, called as autoimmune polyglandular syndrome (APS), appears as a complex of hypofunction of several endocrine glands, candidiasis, pernicious anemia and vitiligo. Idiopathic hypoparathyroidism in APS typically presents by 20 years of age. Among the three most components of APS I, candidiasis is usually the first manifestation. Hypoparathyroidism almost invariably precedes the onset of Addison's disease. One should remember that Addison's disease can mask the presence of hypoparathyroidism and that glucocorticoid replacement therapy alone can cause hypocalcemic crisis.

Topic: Adrenal Hormones and Disorders
Subfield: Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Photographs of Alien Weaponry

Performance of Alien Weaponry (Lewis de Jong, Henry de Jong and Ethan Trembath) at the Battle of the Bands finals, The Kings Arms, Auckland, taken 1 August 2015 by Wendy Collings 
Arrangement: Files were originally delivered to the Library within a digital folder called 20150801_BOTB_Alien_Weaponry 
Quantity: 10 digital photograph(s).

Topic: Conservation Techniques and Studies
Subfield: Conservation
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
CRM as a cloud service in e-education

Main subject of this paper is implementation of Customer Relationship Management (CRM) concept as a cloud service in e-education system. The paper presents a student relationship management model in e-education. Implementation of the model is based on the cloud computing infrastructure system in Laboratory for Electronic Business at Faculty of Organizational Sciences in Belgrade. Implementation of application and services is achieved using virtual machines that serve on demand. Further additional services are developed and hosted on cloud computing infrastructure.

Topic: Online and Blended Learning
Subfield: Education
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Phytoseiid mites of the genus Neoseiulus hughes (Acari: Phytoseiidae) from subSaharan Africa

Thirty phytoseiid mite species of the genus Neoseiulus Hughes are reported from sub-Saharan Africa. Ten of these species are described for the first time and 14 nominal species are redescribed. Most of the species were collected from cassava groves in tropical Africa and from other habitats in South Africa. A key is included to distinguish these species and six other species known to occur in the region but not evaluated in this study.

Topic: Insect-Plant Interactions and Control
Subfield: Insect Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Derivation of 16-day time-series NDVI data for environmental studies using a data assimilation approach

Many ecological and environmental applications require time-series data, which are collected with spatial extent from local, regional or continental levels and granularity ranging from fine to coarse spatial resolution. These types of data can be too difficult to collect using typical field surveys, but they can be derived using remote-sensing images and image-processing technologies. The common time-series normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) data are AVHRR-derived at spatial resolutions of 1 or 8 km, MODIS-derived at 250 m, 500 m, 1 km or 8 km resolutions, and SPOT-VGT imagery at 1 km resolution. Landsat imagery-derived time-series NDVI data are often unavailable for many areas due to the difficulty of acquiring cloud-free images given the temporally infrequent coverage of this sensor. For this study, we used a closest-spectral-fit concept as the basis for a data mining model and developed a data assimilation model in order to derive 16-day time-series NDVI data. In a multidimensional spectral space, if pixel i has the closest reflectance values to pixel j, pixel i is called the closest-spectral-fit of pixel j, and pixels i and j are called closest-spectral-fit pixels. Fifteen Landsat TM images covering northern Michigan were acquired from 22 March 2010 to 1 November 2010, in a 16-day cycle. A cloud-free image is used as the reference image to predict NDVI images for the other 14 dates. The forecasted NDVI data explain 80% variation in the observed NDVI. TM band 4 is forecasted at the same performance level as NDVI, and forecasts of bands 3 and 2 are relatively highly correlated with the forecasts of observed bands. The closest-spectral-fit data assimilation method has the capability to produce historical NDVI data at finer spatial resolution as far back as 1972, which broaden and enhance potential applications to the modeling of environmental and ecological patterns and processes.

Topic: Remote Sensing in Agriculture
Subfield: Ecology
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Labor's reconciliation with federalism

Abstract Until the 1960s, the federal Labor party was formally pledged to the abolition of federalism and its replacement by a system in which the central government would have plenary powers and the states only delegated administrative responsibilities. This article examines how the ALP's platform was progressively changed during the 1960s and 1970s. The modification of Labor's commitment to abolish federalism and the Senate was due partly to a more realistic sense of what was feasible and partly to a more sophisticated approach towards working the existing system. But, as well, Labor's social and economic goals had been moderated to ones that were congenial to middle Australia and private enterprise. Progressive changes to Labor's platform were an important precondition for the Whitlam government's 'new federalism' in the 1970s, and the Hawke government's current initiative of 'closer partnership with the states' for reforming the practical working of the federal system.

Topic: Commonwealth, Australian Politics and Federalism
Subfield: Political Science and International Relations
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Beer’s Bitter Compounds – A Detailed Review on Iso-α-acids: Current Knowledge of the Mechanisms for their Formation and Degradation

Iso-α-acids are quantitatively the most important hop-derived fraction in beer. In addition to CO2 and ethanol, iso-α-acids are considered the primary beer flavour components. They impart the typical bitter taste and depending on the desired beer bitterness, their concentration varies from 10 up to 100 mg/L, according to the beer type. This article is to give a review on the knowledge about the formation of iso-α-acids and the mechanisms of their degradation in the beer matrix during storage. Iso-α-acids arise from the isomerisation of hop α-acids during wort boiling. In addition to the isomerisation reaction, the beer’s bitter acids degradation has extensively been studied. Iso-α-acids are subjected to both oxidative and nonoxidative transformations. As a result, both the intensity and the quality of the beer bitterness are adversely affected. Both trans- and cis-iso-α-acids are susceptible to degradation in the presence of reactive oxygen species and light. Stored in the dark, trans-iso-α-acids in beer were found to be markedly more unstable than their cis-counterparts, and a harshy, lingering bitter taste simultaneously develops. This flavour defect occurring during beer ageing is attributed to the proton-catalysed cyclisation of trans-iso-α-acids into tri- and tetracyclic degradation products. These non-volatile degradation products of trans-iso-α-acids have only recently been identified. In contrast, only few reports deal with the formation of volatiles from iso-α-acids upon beer ageing. The relation between bitter acids degradation and aldehyde formation is cited in this review.

Topic: Fermentation and Sensory Analysis
Subfield: Food Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Rapid pathogen identification in aqueous humor samples by combining Fc-MBL@Fe3O4 enrichment and MALDI-TOF MS profiling

Prompt clinical diagnosis and antimicrobial therapy are key to managing infective endophthalmitis. The small volume of aqueous humor, low bacterial counts, and empirical medication by physicians make existing diagnostic methods time-consuming and imprecise. Here, we investigated the feasibility of combining Fc-MBL@Fe3O4 enrichment with matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) profiling to identify pathogens in aqueous humor. Aqueous humor aspirated from freshly enucleated porcine eyes was inoculated with different inocula of <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> (<em>S. aureus</em>), <em>Staphylococcus </em><em>epidermidis</em> (<em>S. epidermidis</em>), and <em>Klebsiella pneumoniae</em> (<em>K. pneumoniae</em>). We performed identification directly in aqueous humor samples and after short-term culture of micro-LB broth. Aqueous humor endophthalmitis samples were enriched with Fc-MBL@Fe3O4 and analyzed with MALDI-TOF MS. The identification time and minimum bacterial concentration required for identification were determined. The enrichment efficiency of Fc-MBL@Fe3O4 for different bacteria was &gt; (87.5±5.0)%. The objects of direct identification include live bacteria and bacteria treated with antibiotics, which can be completed within 1.5 hours. The minimum number of bacteria needed for positive identification was 2.20×10<sup>6 </sup>CFU. For micro-LB broth culture, the identification of bacteria can be completed within 6.5-9.5 h for aqueous humor samples with an initial bacterial count of tens to hundreds.

Topic: Bacterial Identification and Susceptibility Testing
Subfield: Clinical Biochemistry
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Synthesis and Characterization of Europium Complex Nanowire

Abstract A new compound of benzyl 2-{2-[ethyl(phenyl)amino]-2-oxoethoxy}-1,1-bis{2-[ethyl(phenyl)amino]-2-oxoethoxymethyl}ethylcarbamate (L) was synthesized. The Eu(III) complex nanowires were fabricated by a template method and characterized by elemental analysis, IR spectrum and TEM. The longer luminescence lifetime was found for the Eu(III) complex nanowire in comparison with that of Eu(III) complex powder which is prepared by deposition reaction in solvent.

Topic: Lanthanide and Transition Metal Complexes
Subfield: Materials Chemistry
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Subclinical Hypothyroidism Treated by Means of Modified Er-Xian Decoction

Objectives This study is the first report on a case of subclinical hypothyroidism treated with Modified Er-Xian Decoction, which is rarely used in Korea. Methods Patients were treated for 3 months with Modified Er-Xian Decoction and their therapeutic effects were evaluated through thyroid function tests and Spleen-Kidney deficiency Questionnaire. Results Initial improvement was apparent after the administration of Modified Er-Xian Decoction. After 3 months of treatment, the patient âs Spleen-Kidney deficiency index improved significantly, and thyroid hormone levels returned to normal. Conclusions In this case report, symptoms and biochemical improvement were confirmed based on a single herbal medicine prescription for subclinical hypothyroidism. It is necessary to verify the effect of this prescription through well - established clinical trials. Keywords: subclinical hypothyrodism, herbal medicine, Korean medicine, case report

Topic: Growth Hormone and Insulin-like Growth Factors
Subfield: Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Attenuated Cardiovascular Response to Adenosine in the Brain Stem Nuclei of Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats

Abstract We previously reported that adenosine has significant depressor effects in the nucleus tractus solitarii and area postrema of the rat. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR) has abnormalities in medullary sensitivity to adenosine. Male SHR and Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats (aged 12 to 15 weeks) were anesthetized with urethane, and blood pressure was monitored intra-arterially. Stereotaxic microinjection (60 nL) of adenosine was made into the nucleus tractus solitarii and the area postrema and was confirmed histologically. Dose-related decreases in mean blood pressure and heart rate occurred in both strains tested, and this effect was completely abolished by 1,3-dipropyl-8- p -sulfophenylxanthine (0.92 nmol), a potent adenosine receptor antagonist. However, there were significant differences between SHR and WKY rats in the magnitude of blood pressure and heart rate depression. A similar pattern of response was found in the area postrema. Thus, adenosine is a potent depressor agent in the nucleus tractus solitarii and area postrema of rats, and adenosine has significantly fewer depressor effects in SHR. These data suggest that alterations in purinergic mechanisms of central cardiovascular control exist in the SHR model.

Topic: Neuroscience of respiration and sleep
Subfield: Endocrine and Autonomic Systems
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences
Determining a bandpass filter for interfering fringe spectrum extraction using clustering analysis

We propose a clustering-analysis approach that addresses the bandpass filter (BPF) detection problem in the analysis of the peak position of the interference envelope in vertical-scanning wideband interferometry. Our approach exploits the fact that the fringe signal formed by a wideband light source is a superposition of deterministic fringe signals and noise. Consequently, two clusters can be specified in advance for use in the k-means clustering analysis. We describe our measurement procedure and its development using a two-means method-based spectrum selection scheme based on the constituent characteristics of interference fringes. The details of our approach are introduced within the framework of femtosecond optical frequency comb-based interferometry. Our experimental results demonstrate the superiority of the proposed algorithm over the conventional heuristic threshold-based BPF estimation for envelope peak determination.

Topic: Advanced Fiber Laser Technologies
Subfield: Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Strange interferences: Modernism and conservatism vs. avant-garde, Hungary, 1910s

It is a highly peculiar phenomenon in Hungarian — and perhaps in East and Central European — literature of the early 20th century that Avant-Garde tendencies started to gain some (weak) position parallel with the first wave of Modernism, and when they received — understandably — a rather hostile reaction on the part of Conservative (nationalistic, traditional, anti-Western) literary circles, their reception on the part of the evolving Modernist literature was not much more friendly either. Strangely enough, besides some signals of solidarity and sympathy, the criticisms of Modernism turned against Avant-Garde were in harmony with those formulated by the Conservative circles. However, as the Latin saying goes, “duo cum faciunt idem, non est idem” (that is, when two do the same thing, it is not the same thing) — despite the apparent interference of Modernist and Conservative criticisms aimed against Avant-Garde tendencies, the position of the actors in question was radically different. In what follows, I give a short account of the Avant-Gardists’ debate with their Modernist contemporaries and an even shorter account of their debate with their Conservative adversaries.

Topic: Central European national history
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences