jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
(Digital Presentation) Aqueous Zn Batteries and Capacitors Working Under Extreme Conditions

Aqueous zinc-based energy storage devices hold great promise for grid-level energy storage yet are challenged by dendritic growth and low Coulombic efficiency under both normal and extreme conditions. In the past years, we have developed Zn batteries and capacitors working under extreme conditions through engineering electrode, electrolyte, and binder. The first project is the development of Zn-free polymer anode that enables ultrafast rates (100 A g -1 ), ultralong life (1 million cycles), and ultrahigh-loadings (50 mg cm -2 ) through DFT calculation, polymer preparation, and electrolyte optimization. The optimal polymer possesses suitable electronic structure and a large π-conjugated structure and its storage mechanism involves reversible Zn 2+ /proton co-storage at the carbonyl site. The polymer-based full cells demonstrate ultrahigh power densities and ultralong lifespans, far surpassing those of corresponding Zn-metal-based devices. The second project is the making of ultrafast, stable, high-loading and wide-temperature zinc ion supercapacitors through the incorporation of activated carbon (AC), aqueous binder, and concentrated electrolyte. AC exhibits large surface area, hierarchical porous structures, and abundant heteroatom dopants, aqueous binder enhances electrode-electrolyte wettability enabling high-mass-loading electrode, and concentrated electrolyte gives high Zn stripping/plating efficiency, high ionic conductivity as well as suppressed hydrogen bonding interaction in water realizing ultralow frozen temperature. Three keys combined unlock unprecedented ZICs with a large capacitance of 436 F g −1 (capacity: 200 mAh g −1 ), ultrahigh rate up to 200 Ag −1 , ultralong cycles (0.3 million), ultrahigh loadings (10 mg cm −2 ) under lean electrolyte (8.8 µL mg −1 ), and wide-temperature operation (-60∼60 °C), leading to a maximal energy density of 134.8 Wh kg −1 and power density of 118.4 kW kg −1 . A proton/Zn 2+ ion co-interaction mechanism was revealed in the AC electrode. With low cost and extreme functionalities, this work opens an avenue towards practical supercapacitors beyond normal conditions.

Topic: Advanced battery technologies research
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Entrepreneurial Storytelling of Resilience

I spent eighteen months encountering formerly homeless veteran entrepreneurs. During that time I developed the question “How do entrepreneurs who are extraordinary because of what they have overcome become exceptionally resilient?” This article investigates the resiliency of the human spirit. It is about those who experience discontinuous identity narrative change. I find that entrepreneurial storytelling is a central explanatory process. Expanding upon this, I develop a taxonomy of both temporalities and contexts within which entrepreneurial storytelling takes place. Temporally, entrepreneurial storytelling occurs in the future, the ongoing, and the past. Contextually, entrepreneurial storytelling occurs within tactical creation, embodied narrative dialog, and strategic discovery. In the typical sense entrepreneurial resiliency emerges out of a dialog between tactical creation and strategic discovery. Importantly, I find that exceptional entrepreneurial resiliency emerges out of the embodied narrative dialog that unifies tactical creation and strategic discovery. These findings have important implications for research on entrepreneurial resiliency, the emerging conversation surrounding entrepreneurial storytelling, and generally for research in the individual- opportunity nexus.

Topic: Entrepreneurship Studies and Influences
Subfield: Management of Technology and Innovation
Field: Business, Management and Accounting
Domain: Social Sciences
Short-Term Versus Long-Term Systemic Corticosteroid Use in the Acute Exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Patients

Background: The administration of systemic corticosteroids in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exacerbation is the first line of management. The duration of this administration, however, is not well established in clinical practice. The objective of this study is to compare the clinical outcomes between short-term and long-term corticosteroid use in the acute exacerbation of COPD patients. Methods: A single-centre, retrospective cohort study was conducted. From 2014 to 2018, all patients over 40 years old with COPD who were admitted to the hospital with a case of COPD exacerbation and received systemic corticosteroids at presentation were included. The subjects were divided into two groups according to the duration of systemic corticosteroid therapy. The primary outcome was hospital re-admission within 180 days. The secondary outcomes were 30 days mortality and length of hospitalisation. The two groups were compared using an independent sample t-test, a Chi-square test, and a Mann-Whitney U test, according to the data type. Results: Eighty patients met the inclusion criteria. A total of 52 (65%) patients completed long-term therapy, while 28 (35%) patients were on short-term treatment. A total of 15 (28.8%) patients reached the primary endpoint in the long-term treatment group versus 19 (67.9%) in the short-term treatment group (P = 0.001). The 30-day mortality was 4 (7.7%) and 0 (0%), respectively, and the median length of hospitalisation was 6.5 and 7.5 days in the long-term group and short-term group, respectively (P = 0.32, P = 0.88). Conclusion: Long-term corticosteroid use in the management of acute COPD exacerbation was significantly associated with fewer 180 days re-admission. The duration of corticosteroid use remains controversial, and further studies are recommended to assess the relationship between patient profile and adherence to therapy post-discharge with re-exacerbation.

Topic: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Research
Subfield: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Colour of Medicines and Children’s Acceptability? A Systematic Literature Review of Children’s Perceptions about Colours of Oral Dosage Forms

The colour of a product plays an important role in consumer experiences, and in the context of pharmaceutical products, this could potentially affect a patient’s expectations, behaviours, and adherence. Several studies have been conducted on adults, but little is known about children’s opinions on colours of medicines and to what extent medicines’ colour affects their acceptability. To address this gap, a systematic search in PubMed, Scopus, MEDLINE, and Web of Science was conducted. Two authors independently screened the titles, abstracts, and references of all articles and selected studies conducted on children (0–18 years old), assessing children’s preferences or opinions about colour of oral dosage forms as either a primary or secondary objective or as an anecdotal record. A total of 989 publications were identified and, after screening, 18 publications were included in the review. Red and pink were the most liked colours and there appeared to be a relationship between the colour of a medicine and expected taste/flavour. The review also highlighted a scarcity of information, usually collected as an anecdotal record. Several gaps in the current knowledge were underlined, emphasizing the need of patient-centred studies to understand if the use of certain colours can improve or worsen the acceptability of a paediatric medicine. This will help inform pharmaceutical manufacturers and regulators on the role and need of colours in children’s medicines beyond quality purposes.

Topic: Olfactory and Sensory Function Studies
Subfield: Sensory Systems
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences
Figure S4 from Olfactory Receptor Family 7 Subfamily C Member 1 Is a Novel Marker of Colon Cancer–Initiating Cells and Is a Potent Target of Immunotherapy

&lt;p&gt;Establishment of CIC-targeting immunotherapy using antigenic peptide derived from OR7C1.&lt;/p&gt;

Topic: Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
Subfield: Immunology
Field: Immunology and Microbiology
Domain: Life Sciences
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases Benefit from Enhanced Recovery After Surgery [ERAS] Protocol: A Systematic Review with Practical Implications

Abstract Background Enhanced Recovery After Surgery [ERAS] is widely adopted in patients undergoing colorectal surgery, with demonstrated benefits. Few studies have assessed the feasibility, safety, and effectiveness of ERAS in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases [IBD]. The aim of this study was to investigate the current adoption and outcomes of ERAS in IBD. Methods This PRISMA-compliant systematic review of the literature included all articles reporting on adult patients with IBD who underwent colorectal surgery within an ERAS pathway. PubMed/MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science were searched. Endpoints included ERAS adoption, perioperative outcomes, and ERAS items more consistently reported, with associated evidence levels [EL] [PROSPERO CRD42021238653]. Results Out of 217 studies, 16 totalling 2347 patients were included. The median number of patients treated was 50.5. Malnutrition and anaemia optimisation were only included as ERAS items in six and four articles, respectively. Most of the studies included the following items: drinking clear fluids until 2 h before the surgery, fluid restriction, nausea prophylaxis, early feeding, and early mobilisation. Only two studies included postoperative stoma-team and IBD-team evaluation before discharge. Highest EL were observed for ileocaecal Crohn’s disease resection [EL2]. Median in-hospital stay was 5.2 [2.9–10.7] days. Surgical site infections and anastomotic leaks ranged between 3.1–23.5% and 0–3.4%, respectively. Complications occurred in 5.7-48%, and mortality did not exceed 1%. Conclusions Evidence on ERAS in IBD is lacking, but this group of patients might benefit from consistent adoption of the pathway. Future studies should define if IBD-specific ERAS pathways and selection criteria are needed.

Topic: Enhanced Recovery After Surgery
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Modern China's cultural transformation – problems and prospects

Modern China's cultural transformation has been a long, torturous, and complex process that even now has yet to come to a conclusion. Previous publications on China's intellectual and cultural history have touched on this issue to some extent, but there have been few wide‐ranging, focused, and systematic studies. This article is based on the author's systematic research into this question and argues that the Chinese people, burdened with the weight of a long history and with deeply ingrained cultural traditions, must negotiate the complexities and uncertainties of the present as they adapt to a new era and build a new culture. Questions of culture manifest themselves in many different ways: in distinctions between Eastern and Western culture and between “Chinese” and “barbarian”, in the different resources and possibilities inherent in ancient and modern culture, in the fate of China's ethnic minorities, and in the relationship between material and spiritual “civilization”. In addition, social conditions can pose almost insurmountable problems in the process of cultural transformation. These problems can only be solved when the whole nation is engaged in the practice of study and struggle, and the cultures of the world become more intimately linked through communication and the flow of ideas. Even then, solutions will not be quick in coming and the process of cultural change is necessarily gradual in nature. The transformation of China's culture in recent times and the modernization of the country as a whole are fundamentally concurrent processes that show a marked tendency towards globalization and individualism. Thus, externally, China must adhere to the idea of greater cultural openness while, internally, we must support the liberation of the people, and foster a positive creative spirit to the fullest potential.

Topic: Chinese history and philosophy
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
EP1330 Fascia closure technique using BERCI© instrument for preventing trocar-site hernia after robot-assisted gynecologic surgery

<h3>Introduction/Background</h3> We introduce fascia closure technique using BERCI© instrument after robot-assisted gynecologic surgery, which is necessary for management and prevention of trocar site hernia. We design a step-by-step explanation of the procedure using a video. Totally 4 trocars were inserted, including 12 mm sized umbilical trocar, bilateral 8 mm sized robot arm trocar, and 5 mm sized extra-trocar for assistant. <h3>Methodology</h3> This video presents a systemic approach to fascia closure clearly devided into 5 steps after the main operation: (1) Right lateral trocar site fascia was closed first with BERCI© Instrument. Then, Umbilicus, left lateral, assistant port were remained. (2) Vicryl suture was inserted with BERCI© Instrument. (3) Hanging Vicryl suture on the left lateral trocar site, camera was moved from umbilical trocar to left lateral trocar site without trocar. (4) Watching the umbilical trocar site via camera, fascia was closed in the same way with BERCI© Instrument. (5) Finally, removing the camera, Vicryl suture was pulled out and tied on left lateral trocar site. All trocar site fascia was closed. At every step, it is necessary that kelly was inserted in each fascia to check Vicryl suture both sides of fascia. <h3>Results</h3> The procedure was performed without any complications. The patient had an uneventful postoperative course and was discharged home after routine postoperative care. Since then, she showed no evidence of trocar site hernia and doing well. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Fascia closure technique using BERCI© Instrument after robot-assisted gynecologic surgery is very safe and certain way because fascia was sutured watching with laparoscopic camera. The patient presented by us is an example showing that BERCI© Instrument can be used in the suture of trocar site. The key point in this procedure is to completely closure of fascia of trocar insertion site compared with conventional technique which is blind closure technique, so certain way to prevent trocar site hernia. <h3>Disclosure</h3> Nothing to disclose

Topic: Minimally Invasive Surgical Techniques
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Educational Reforms, Gender and Families

My research on families and education, a form of feminist critical policy analysis, linking empirical studies with broader policy questions and issues, is the subject of this chapter. Given the recent election of a New Labour government and its commitment to 'Education, education, education', this research evidence becomes significant. Mothers' perspectives on their involvements in their children's education are explored in the context of recent educational reforms towards marketization and privatization of education and the wider social and familial changes which have influenced more general cultural shifts, including that towards parental involvement. My aim is to illustrate and elaborate mothers' understandings of the various changes; they are aware of the increasing inequities created by education reforms which are often at odds with the impact of cultural changes. Moreover, there is a dissonance between the discourse of educational reform and the practices of families in which mothers bear the burden.

Topic: Gender Roles and Identity Studies
Subfield: Gender Studies
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Protein Sequencing Research Group (PSRG): Results of the PSRG 2012 Study Year 1: Terminal Sequencing of Fusion Proteins

Establishing the N-terminal sequence of intact proteins plays a critical role in biochemistry and drug development. N-terminal sequence analysis is necessary for quality control of protein biologics, for determining sites of signal peptide cleavage events, for characterizing monoclonal antibodies, and in elucidating sequences of genes from uncommon species. N-terminal sequencing is in the midst of a technology transition from classical Edman sequencing to mass spectrometry (MS) based terminal sequencing. Protein homogeneity (absence of interfering protein, non-protein contaminants and buffer components) is absolutely critical to the success of analysis. While it has been very straightforward to isolate the protein of interest out of protein mixtures in preparation for Edman sequencing, core facilities now need to adopt novel sample preparation techniques to isolate proteins in high purity and make them amenable for terminal sequencing by MS. There is a lack in easy-to-use, field proven methods for sample clean-up. In order to address the upcoming change in technology platforms, the PSRG is conducting a two-year study with the ultimate goal of sample preparation and terminal sequencing of a protein mixture. The 2012 study is the first phase towards the overall goal and entails terminal sequencing and identification of fusion proteins, which were provided as separated, homogeneous proteins. Participants used Edman and/or MS techniques, along with bioinformatics tools to derive the termini of the sample proteins. Study participants were directed to a website to anonymously upload sequences and supporting data. Our analysis focused on critical comparison of results obtained by different technology platforms. The results obtained by Edman sequencing and MS as well as information on the type of instruments and protocols will be presented. This data and information will be provided to the community in conjunction with year two of the study, which will be the same proteins supplied in mixture.

Topic: Advanced Proteomics Techniques and Applications
Subfield: Spectroscopy
Field: Chemistry
Domain: Physical Sciences
Learning from ‘The Leopard’

Abstract Steve Bruce once described the political views of Ulster unionists as a ‘dismal vision’. He noted that they ‘fell easily into a self-pitying assumption that the world was against them’. This observation has been repeated by others. Paul Bew, in a memorable phrase, once described the reaction of unionists to the politics of the peace process as ‘an orgy of self-pity’. Why should this particular characteristic be so frequently noted? Self-pity, it may be argued, is one of the consequences of a culture of political fatalism. The fatalist view is that any given situation can have only one outcome. In these circumstances ‘fatalism is incompatible with deliberation, in that its truth would make deliberation over one’s future actions not impossible but at any rate pointless’. Traditional unionist suspicion of political ‘initiatives’ is partly explained by that disposition.

Topic: Irish and British Studies
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Monensin supplementation increases weight gain in stocker steers, but higher doses reduce essential mineral intake

Monensin is known to improve feed efficiency in cattle. At higher doses, however, monensin reduces the palatability of mineral supplements, which may reduce consumption of essential minerals such as selenium. The main objective of this study was to compare weight gain, while evaluating the impact on blood selenium concentrations, among treatment and control groups of stocker calves supplemented with a self-fed mineral supplement designed to deliver different amounts of monensin, while the control group received the same mineral without monensin. A secondary objective was to compare the presence of pathogenic and total coccidia oocysts. At study end, all monensin treatment groups weighed more than the control group but were not different from each other. No effect was detected on coccidia oocysts. In sum, there is a production gain from providing monensin in a mineral supplement to weaned calves on pasture. However, too high a dose may lead to insufficient trace mineral consumption. This is a concern in areas where forage is deficient in these nutrients.

Topic: Animal Nutrition and Physiology
Subfield: Animal Science and Zoology
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Genetic Diversity in Marine Planktonic Ciliates (Alveolata, Ciliophora) Suggests Distinct Geographical Patterns – Data From Chinese and European Coastal Waters

Unraveling geographic distribution patterns of planktonic protists is a central goal in marine microbial ecology. Using a novel combination of recently developed phylogenetic and network analyses on a V4 18S rDNA metabarcoding dataset, we here analyzed the genetic diversity of marine planktonic ciliate communities in Chinese and European coastal waters. Thereby, our approach provided an unprecedented perspective on geographic patterns inferred from ciliate genetic diversity and accomplished a very fine resolution down to single nucleotides within operational taxonomic units (OTUs). While most OTUs (87%) exclusively contained sequences of either Chinese or European origin, those OTUs detected in both regions comprised the vast majority of reads (84%). Phylogenetic analyses of OTUs belonging to the same taxon revealed genetically distinct clades that were geographically restricted to either Chinese or European coastal waters. The detection of signature nucleotides emphasized this genetic distinction of Chinese and European clades. Second-level clustering of OTUs and reference sequences in two selected taxa (the oligotrichid Spirotontonia and the tintinnid Tintinnidium ) revealed the presence of several potentially new species or ones lacking genetic reference data. Geographic patterns were also discovered by network analyses within 700 widespread and abundant OTUs; in 77 of these OTUs, European and Chinese sequences formed significantly assortative groups. These assortative groupings indicated a higher genetic similarity among sequences from the same region than between sequences from different regions. Our results demonstrate that detailed analyses of metabarcoding data down to single nucleotide differences expand our perception of geographical distribution patterns and provide insights into historic and ongoing effective dispersal in protists. The congruent discovery of geographic patterns at different levels of resolution (between and within OTUs) suggests that cosmopolitan distribution in marine planktonic ciliates is less common than previously postulated.

Topic: Protist diversity and phylogeny
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Converging Discoveries: The First Reports of IL-4

Interleukin-4 was one of the first cytokines to be intensively studied and remains one of the most interesting and biologically important ([1][1]). It has a distinctive spectrum of biological activities, many of which are unique to IL-4 or to both IL-4 and IL-13 but are not shared by other cytokine

Topic: IL-33, ST2, and ILC Pathways
Subfield: Immunology
Field: Immunology and Microbiology
Domain: Life Sciences
Neural-learning enhanced admittance control of a robot manipulator with input saturation

In this paper, a sensorless admittance control scheme is developed for robot manipulators in the presence of input saturation by employing neural networks. To deal with system uncertainties, the radial basis function neural network (RBFNN) is integrated into control design. In order to deal with input saturation, a compensator is applied to handle this problem. To interact with the environment, admittance control is employed and external torque is estimated by using a generalized momentum based disturbance observer. Simulations are performed to verify the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme.

Topic: Adaptive Control of Nonlinear Systems
Subfield: Control and Systems Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences