jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
IMMU-33. REPROGRAMMING OF MYELOID CELL METABOLISM VIA HEME OXYGENASE-1 INHIBITION POTENTIATES ANTI-TUMOR IMMUNITY IN A MURINE GLIOMA MODEL

Abstract Cancer cells exhibit a preference for aerobic glycolysis, a phenomenon known as the Warburg effect. Emerging evidence suggests that immune cells within the tumor microenvironment (TME) may employ a similar metabolic adaptation. Heme oxygenase-1 (HMOX-1), a metabolic regulatory gene, is elevated in myeloid cells of glioblastoma (GBM), yet its precise role in modulating immune suppression and energy utilization remains unclear. Our objective was to explore how targeting HMOX-1 activity in the GBM TME affects immune response and energy metabolism. We utilized syngeneic glioma models with C57BL/6J mice implanted with CT-2A cells, which were randomized into four treatment arms: intracranial (IC) injection of the HMOX-1 inhibitor zinc protoporphyrin (ZnPP), intraperitoneal (IP) injection of anti-PD-1, IC ZnPP + IP anti-PD-1, or IC saline (sham). For mechanistic studies, we developed a myeloid-specific knockdown model via adoptive cell transfer of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) transfected with Hmox-1 siRNA into CSF-1R myeloid-depleted mice. Immunophenotyping was conducted with flow cytometry. The Seahorse mitochondrial stress test was used for evaluation of energy dynamics. Downregulation of myeloid Hmox-1 expression and inhibition of HMOX-1 via ZnPP both led to heightened T cell activation, with increased IFN-γ expression in brain compared to untreated mice (P=0.039, 0.02, respectively). Notably, ZnPP treatment induced a compensatory elevation of PD-L1 in myeloid cells (P&amp;lt;0.0001). Both ZnPP monotherapy and anti-PD-1 + ZnPP combination therapy demonstrated enhanced median overall survival rates in comparison to sham and anti-PD-1 monotherapy groups, with the combined approach yielding the most significant survival advantage (P&amp;lt;0.0001). Metabolic analyses following Hmox-1 knockdown and ZnPP treatment revealed a shift away from cancer-like glycolytic shunting in MDSCs. Inhibiting the HMOX-1 pathway facilitated T cell activation and reversal of glycolysis-predominant metabolism in MDSCs, resulting in improved survival outcomes in a murine glioma model. Modulation of metabolic reprogramming in myeloid cells may potentiate anti-tumor immunity, especially in conjunction with checkpoint blockade.

Topic: Immune cells in cancer
Subfield: Immunology
Field: Immunology and Microbiology
Domain: Life Sciences
CL XI Nozzle F2 Absorption Experiment.

Abstract : An F2-absorption diagnostic technique was developed to determine F2 densities in the flow of a 10.2-cm-long TRW CL XI nozzle. The device was transported to the site, set up, tested, and returned to TRW in two days. Hence, the diagnostic device was demonstrated to be readily transportable and to be operable in a combustion-driven, chemical-laser field environment. Cold- and hot-flow measurements up to 970 K plenum temperature, i.e., no F2 dissociation, were in agreement; therefore, this measurement appears to be reliable.

Topic: Laser Design and Applications
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Fictions of a Creole Nation: (Re)Presenting Portugal’s Imperial Past

For more than five centuries Portugal had large colonial dependencies. The end of the empire and the democratization of the country could not erase Portugal's self-image as an imperial nation. The empire still stands as a prominent symbolic touchstone through which the national narrative was and still is built upon and sustained. Such collective representation of Portugal as an imperial maritime nation was ideologically fostered for centuries, slowly nurturing the representation of the Portuguese as peaceful, non-racist, gentler colonialists, and of their culture as universal, hybrid, somehow Creole, enriched by centuries of colonial contact. This chapter will explore several examples out of Portuguese past and present cultural discourses that testify to a continuity that runs through the universalistic, humanistic and multiculturalistic representation of Portuguese history and culture.

Topic: Travel Writing and Literature
Subfield: History
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Upregulated galectin-3 is not a critical disease mediator of cardiomyopathy induced by β<sub>2</sub>-adrenoceptor overexpression

Preclinical studies have demonstrated that anti-galectin-3 (Gal-3) interventions are effective in attenuating cardiac remodeling, fibrosis, and dysfunction. We determined, in a transgenic (TG) mouse model of fibrotic cardiomyopathy, whether Gal-3 expression was elevated and whether Gal-3 played a critical role in disease development. We studied mice with fibrotic cardiomyopathy attributable to cardiac overexpression of human β 2 -adrenoceptors (β 2 -TG). Cardiac expression levels of Gal-3 and fibrotic or inflammatory genes were determined. The effect of Gal-3 inhibition in β 2 -TG mice was studied by treatment with Gal-3 inhibitors ( N-acetyllactosamine and modified citrus pectin) or by deletion of Gal-3 through crossing β 2 -TG and Gal-3 knockout mice. Changes in cardiomyopathy phenotypes were assessed by echocardiography and biochemical assays. In β 2 -TG mice at 3, 6, and 9 mo of age, upregulation of Gal-3 expression was observed at mRNA (~6- to 15-fold) and protein (~4- to 8-fold) levels. Treatment of β 2 -TG mice with N-acetyllactosamine (3 wk) or modified citrus pectin (3 mo) did not reverse cardiac fibrosis, inflammation, and cardiomyopathy. Similarly, Gal-3 gene deletion in β 2 -TG mice aged 3 and 9 mo did not rescue the cardiomyopathy phenotype. In conclusion, the β 2 -TG model of cardiomyopathy showed a robust upregulation of Gal-3 that correlated with disease severity, but Gal-3 inhibitors or Gal-3 gene deletion had no effect in halting myocardial fibrosis, remodeling, and dysfunction. Gal-3 may not be critical for cardiac fibrogenesis and remodeling in this cardiomyopathy model. NEW &amp; NOTEWORTHY We showed a robust upregulation of cardiac galectin-3 (Gal-3) expression in a mouse model of cardiomyopathy attributable to cardiomyocyte-restricted transgenic activation of β 2 -adrenoceptors. However, pharmacological and genetic inhibition of Gal-3 did not confer benefit in this model, implying that Gal-3 may not be a critical disease mediator of cardiac remodeling in this model.

Topic: Galectins and Cancer Biology
Subfield: Immunology
Field: Immunology and Microbiology
Domain: Life Sciences
Enteral nutrition for elderly patients in intensive care unit settings

Nutrition plays a fundamental role in the management of frail elderly patients. Indeed, effective management can reduce common pathological situations, such as malnutrition, refeeding syndrome, and aspiration pneumonia, which can increase morbidity and mortality in intensive care unit settings. To optimize this management, it is essential to have knowledge of basic aspects such as timing, route, and composition of nutrition, as well as the prevention and management of the most common adverse events.

Topic: Clinical Nutrition and Gastroenterology
Subfield: Nutrition and Dietetics
Field: Nursing
Domain: Health Sciences
Synthesis of ribooligonucleotides having sequences of transfer ribonucleic acids

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleSynthesis of ribooligonucleotides having sequences of transfer ribonucleic acidsMorio IkeharaCite this: Acc. Chem. Res. 1974, 7, 3, 92–96Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1974Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1974https://doi.org/10.1021/ar50075a005RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views48Altmetric-Citations7LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (649 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts

Topic: Chemical Synthesis and Analysis
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
AN INVENTORY ANALYSIS IN THE VAST AREA AGRICULTURAL ENTERPRISES IN LOGISTICS ASPECT

The carried analysis out allowed to identify the logistics processes related to creation and maintenance of stockpile in the vast area agricultural enterprises. Besides, the level and struc- ture of logistics costs generated in this sphere of activity of the enterprise were defined, too.

Topic: Coal and Coke Industries Research
Subfield: Fuel Technology
Field: Energy
Domain: Physical Sciences
[Histopathological diagnosis of papillary lesion of the breast].

We call intraductal lesions of the breast, for example, intraductal papilloma, duct papillomatosis and noninvasive ductal carcinoma, "papillary lesions". Borderline lesions, if such exist in the breast, are included among papillary lesions. So accuracy of histopathological diagnosis is very important for research of precancerous lesion. To clarify the present conditions and problems of histopathological diagnosis of papillary lesion of the breast, fifty consecutive papillary lesions out of consultation cases were diagnosed using three categories, benign, borderline and malignant, by five pathologists. The rate of agreement of all diagnoses by five pathologists was only 20%. The borderline incidence was widely distributed from 0% to 46%. These results revealed that histopathological differential diagnosis between benign and malignant of papillary lesion was very difficult. This difficulty seems to be caused by various histological features and different criteria of histological atypia from other organs of papillary lesion of the breast.

Topic: Breast Lesions and Carcinomas
Subfield: Pathology and Forensic Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Ultrasound-guided percutaneous transthoracic needle aspiration biopsy for diagnosis of pulmonary lesions in advanced HIV infection.

Pulmonary diseases remain the most common complication associated with high morbidity and mortality in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Invasive diagnostic procedures are often needed to establish a specific diagnosis of pulmonary disease. We report our experience with ultrasound (US)-guided percutaneous transthoracic needle aspiration (PTNA) biopsy in 20 consecutive patients with advanced HIV infection who presented with a variety of pulmonary lesions with or without pleural effusion. A specific diagnosis was established in 16 patients (80%), with infection being the most common etiology. Sputum culture yielded the same causative pathogen in three patients (15%) and all had more than one bacterial or fungal isolates. Mild pneumothorax, the only complication, was observed in two patients (10%) following the procedure. Neither patient required chest tube drainage. Our findings suggest that US-guided PTNA can be a useful and safe alternative to fluoroscopy-guided PTNA in selected HIV-infected patients with focal pulmonary lesions and pleural effusion.

Topic: Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia detection and treatment
Subfield: Epidemiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
[Algorithm of cardiopulmonary resuscitation in a cardiological hospital].

Recent comments and amendments to routine algorithm of P. Safar's cardiopulmonary resuscitation, known as the ABCD principle, are critically analyzed. The primary mechanisms of thanatogenesis in sudden death in the majority of cases are not respiratory problems (requiring ABCD algorithm), but cardiac rhythm disorders. Based on their studies and practical and training experience, the authors suggest a new algorithm of cardiopulmonary resuscitation: UNIVERSAL, with the following steps: precordial stroke, indirect massage of the heart, forced ventilation of the lungs, venipuncture, electrocardiography, defibrillation by electric pulse therapy, electrocardiostimulation, and injections of adrenalin, atropine, and lidocaine. Introduction of this algorithm decreased hospital mortality of acute coronary patients, increased the rate of reanimation of suddenly dead patients, and reduced the incidence of iatrogenic complications of resuscitation.

Topic: Cardiac Arrest and Resuscitation
Subfield: Emergency Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Inside Cover: A Single‐Scan Ultraselective Heteronuclear Polarization Transfer Method for Unambiguous Complex Structure Assignment (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 32/2023)

The unambiguous assignment of NMR signals to complex organic molecules or mixtures is a challenge. In their Research Article (e202304196), Jin Wook Cha, Min-Seon Kim, and Jin-Soo Park suggest an ultrahigh-resolution single-scan NMR method that enables to acquire a hertz-level signal selectivity in both 1H, 13C and their correlation spectra. The method was applied to compounds with high NMR signal complexity, such as chromopeptide and diastereomeric mixtures, and resulted in complete 1H and 13C NMR signal assignment of individual subunits and epimers.

Topic: Chemical Synthesis and Analysis
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Comparison of X-ray Radiation Process in Single and Nested Wire Array Implosions

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Z. H. Li, Z. P. Xu, J. L. Yang, R. K. Xu, C. Guo, E. V. Grabovsky, G. M. Oleynic, V. P. Smirnov; Comparison of X‐ray Radiation Process in Single and Nested Wire Array Implosions. AIP Conf. Proc. 5 January 2006; 808 (1): 77–80. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2159324 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAIP Publishing PortfolioAIP Conference Proceedings Search Advanced Search |Citation Search

Topic: Nuclear Issues and Defense
Subfield: Political Science and International Relations
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
An Analysis on Language Learning Strategies Used by Successful Language Learners in Speaking

This study aimed to investigate the learning strategies employed by proficient language learners in the context of speaking skills. It also delved into the challenges these learners encountered and the strategies they employed to overcome them. The study enlisted three fifth-semester students from the English Education Department at a university in Surakarta as participants. Employing a qualitative approach, specifically narrative inquiry, the research collected data through observations, interviews, and questionnaires. The researcher observed each participant's speaking class three times, meticulously documenting their strategies and challenges. The findings revealed that the successful language learners' use of specific learning strategies significantly enhanced their language acquisition process. Additionally, the participants encountered various obstacles in their English learning journey, yet demonstrated an impressive ability to effectively address these challenges, thus shedding light on the resilience and adaptability of successful language learners. This study contributes valuable insights for educators and learners striving to excel in language acquisition.

Topic: EFL/ESL Teaching and Learning
Subfield: Language and Linguistics
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
The “seat-dip phenomenon”: Low-frequency thief plagues concert goers

Sound propagating at grazing incidence over auditorium seats is known to exhibit anomalous attenuation (as much as 20 dB) at low frequencies. This so-called “seat-dip phenomenon,” is predominantly a quarter-wave resonance associated with the height of the seat backs and is on the order of 112 oct wide, centered at about 150 Hz [T. J. Schultz and B. G. Watters, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 86, 885–896 (1964) and G. M. Sessler and J. E. West, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 36, 1725–1732 (1964)]. This frequency range happens to correspond to an orchestra's low end (bassoon, horn, trombone, tuba, cello, and string bass) and so the control of the seat dip is an important factor in the communication of orchestral balance. Toward this end, a simple scale modal was built to investigate this complex sound field, particularly that between the seats. Various model configurations were utilized to investigate the sound pressure and intensity fields.

Topic: Music Technology and Sound Studies
Subfield: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Maternal Mortality in Eclampsia after Cesarean Section versus Vaginal Delivery

Preeclampsia with generalized tonic-clonic convulsions is termed as eclampsia. Eclampsia isassociated with multiple maternal and fetal complications. Eclampsiais an obstetric emergency and quick decision making is required to save lives. The objective of the study was to compare the maternal mortalityafter cesarean section versus vaginal delivery among eclampsiapatients. It is a descriptive case series conducted in Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Lady Willingdon Hospital, from December 2014 to June 2015. In our study, 62.86 % (n=88) patients were between18-25 years of age and 37.14 % (n=52) werebetween 26-35 years of age. The mean+SD was calculated as 25.12+4.53 years. Frequency ofvaginal delivery in patients with eclampsia was 30.71 % (n=43) while69.29 % (n=97) were delivered through cesarean section. Comparisonof maternal mortality in two groups was recorded, where out of 43 spontaneous vaginal deliveries mortality was recorded in 6.98 % (n=3). Out of 97 cesarean deliveries, mortality was recorded in 17.53% (n=17). We concluded that mortality rates are higher in patients undergoing cesarean section.

Topic: Pregnancy and preeclampsia studies
Subfield: Obstetrics and Gynecology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Contemporary Contrastive Studies of Polish, Bulgarian and Russian Neologisms versus Language Corpora

Contemporary Contrastive Studies of Polish, Bulgarian and Russian Neologisms versus Language CorporaIn the field of Slavonic linguistics contrastive studies of neologisms occupy little place, the newest words are insufficiently described and classified. The aim of this article is to draw attention to the need for contrastive description of the newest lexis and checking exclusively one of many possibilities of obtaining Polish, Bulgarian and Russian neologisms. Language corpora, as this possibility is in question, are not the only source from which the author obtains her research material, yet a growing interest in corpora has inspired her to also use this method. The author wants to show the reader to what degree language corpora can help in building the thesaurus of Polish, Bulgarian and Russian neologisms. Making an attempt to confront a collection of neologisms of contemporary Polish, Bulgarian and Russian language, the author points out the need to standardize the description (identical for each of the analysed languages), which she intends to propose in another publications on neologisms in Polish, Bulgarian and Russian language. The application of contrastive method to three different but related languages from the Slavonic group will help, in her opinion, to discover more mechanisms of new words coming into existence and examine the newest derivative processes and their productivity.

Topic: Literature, Language, and Rhetoric Studies
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Autophagy reprogramming stem cell pluripotency and multiple-lineage differentiation

The cellular process responsible for the degradation of cytosolic proteins and subcellular organelles in lysosomes was termed “autophagy.” This process occurs at a basal level in most tissues as part of tissue homeostasis that redounds to the regular turnover of components inside cytoplasm. The breakthrough in the autophagy field is the identification of key players in the autophagy pathway, compounded under the name “autophagy-related genes” (ATG) encoding for autophagy effector proteins. Generally, the function of autophagy can be classified into two divisions: intracellular clearance of defective macromolecules and organelles and generation of degradation products. Therapeutic strategies using stem cell–based approach come as a promising therapy and develop rapidly recently as stem cells have high self-renewability and differentiation capability as known as mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). They are defined as adherent fibroblast-like population with the abilities to self-renew and multi-lineage differentiate into osteogenic, adipogenic, and chondrogenic lineage cells. To date, they are the most extensively applied adult stem cells in clinical trials. The properties of MSCs, such as immunomodulation, neuroprotection, and tissue repair pertaining to cell differentiation, processes to replace lost, or damaged cells, for aiding cell repair and revival. Autophagy has been viewed as a remarkable mechanism for maintaining homeostasis, ensuring the adequate function and survival of long-lived stem cells. In addition, authophagy also plays a remarkable role in protecting stem cells against cellular stress when the stem cell regenerative capacity is harmed in aging and cellular degeneration. Understanding the under-explored mechanisms of MSC actions and expanding the spectrum of their clinical applications may improve the utility of the MSC-based therapeutic approach in the future.

Topic: Autophagy in Disease and Therapy
Subfield: Epidemiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences