jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
PUBLIC AND PRIVATE ROLES IN DELIVERING TRAVELER INFORMATION : TWO CASE STUDIES

TravInfo is a Public/private partnership aimed at enabling widespread dissemination of real-time information on transportation conditions and travel options throughout the San Francisco Bay Area. SmartTraveler is a multimodal information system already deployed within the Los Angeles region. After describing the components of a traveler information system and prior research on Public/private partnerships in Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS), the paper discusses interim evaluation results from the TravInfo and SmartTraveler Field Operation Tests and summarizes the lessons learned.

Topic: Transportation Planning and Optimization
Subfield: Transportation
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Phase I Trial of Sorafenib and Gemcitabine in Advanced Solid Tumors with an Expanded Cohort in Advanced Pancreatic Cancer

Abstract Background: With its potent inhibitory effects against Raf-1 kinase and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2, sorafenib is a novel oral anticancer agent targeting signal transduction and angiogenic pathways. This study is designed to combine sorafenib and gemcitabine due to their compatibility in preclinical models and nonoverlapping clinical toxicities. Experimental Design: An initial dose-escalation part of the study enrolled patients with advanced solid tumors, followed by an expanded cohort at the recommended dose for patients with advanced unresectable or metastatic pancreatic cancer. Sorafenib is administered continuously, whereas gemcitabine is given at 1,000 mg/m2 weekly × 7 followed by 1 rest week, then weekly × 3 every 4 weeks. Results: Forty-two patients have been enrolled overall, including 19 in the dose-escalation part and 23 in the extended pancreatic cancer cohort. Demographics were as follows: male-to-female ratio = 26:16; median age = 61 years (range 39-83 years); Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status 0:1:2 ratio = 16:21:5. The recommended dose of this combination is sorafenib 400 mg twice daily and gemcitabine 1,000 mg/m2. The most frequent grade 3 or 4 adverse events of all causalities were thrombocytopenia (28.6%), lymphopenia (21.4%), lipase elevation (19%), neutropenia (16.7%), and fatigue (14.3%). Antitumor activity was observed in both groups, with 2 (10.5%) confirmed partial responses in ovarian cancer and 12 patients (63.2%) with disease stabilization in the dose-escalation part; 13 patients (56.5%) achieved disease stabilization in the pancreatic cohort. There was no consistent pharmacokinetic drug-to-drug interaction between sorafenib and gemcitabine. Conclusions: Sorafenib and gemcitabine are well tolerated in combination; further evaluations in pancreatic and ovarian cancers are warranted.

Topic: Pancreatic and Hepatic Oncology Research
Subfield: Oncology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Lessons from America: The Commercialization and Growth of Private Health Care in Britain

This chapter focuses on recent changes in the private sector and its links to the National Health Service (NHS). British private medicine is tiny in proportion to the NHS, and the image of private sector growth and public sector decline is misleading. British private medicine should not, however, be dismissed too lightly. It should not be judged merely by the number of hospitals, one reason being that it is only recently that private work has been of more significance outside the public sector than within it. The private sector possesses a growing political significance that represents a dilemma for each of the major political parties. Consultants are the elite grade of the British medical profession, in what is traditionally a very hierarchical medical care system. The Government's initial approach to privatization in response to adverse publicity has been for its policies to be determined in a more piecemeal manner.

Topic: Healthcare Policy and Management
Subfield: Economics and Econometrics
Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance
Domain: Social Sciences
Preaching and cartooning: An exploration of the processes involved in developing a sermon and a newspaper cartoon

This article explores the similarities and differences between the process followed to develop a sermon and that followed to develop a cartoon. It first examines the representation of the jester or clown in some recent publications by homileticians before describing the process of development of a sermon, as proposed by three homiletic sources from namely North America, South Africa and The Netherlands, respectively. The article describes the process followed in the development of a cartoon in a similar way. The article concludes by presenting some observations on the preacher as cartoonist with reference to the process followed in the development of a cartoon. It argues that the cartoonist may currently be viewed as a metaphor for a preacher that could enrich existing images of the preacher such as the clown or jester, especially because of the similarities in the processes for writing/preparing a sermon and drawing a cartoon.

Topic: Biblical Studies and Interpretation
Subfield: Religious studies
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
193-OR: Chronotherapy with the Glucokinase Activator AZD1656 Greatly Affects Its Ability to Improve Metabolism in Obese Zucker Rats

Circadian rhythms play critical roles in regulating metabolism, including daily feeding/fasting periods and oscillating expressions of certain genes. Glucokinase (Gck) , expressed in the liver and pancreas, is central for whole-body glucose homeostasis by acting as a glucose sensor and regulating metabolism according to prevailing glucose levels. Gck expression has also been shown to follow a circadian rhythm. Gck activators (GKAs) effectively reduce hyperglycemia, however, adverse events have also involved hypoglycemia, hyperlipidemia, and hepatic steatosis. Given the circadian rhythmicity and natural postprandial activation of Gck, we hypothesized that GKA treatment would benefit from being timed specifically during feeding periods. We compared the metabolic effects following differentially timed administrations of the GKA AZD1656 in the obese, insulin resistant Zucker rat. Four weeks of continuous treatment significantly improved glycemic control; however, hepatic steatosis and inflammation manifested. In contrast, a robust reduction in hepatic steatosis and inflammation on top of improved glycemia, was observed when AZD1656 administration was timed to feeding periods only. When AZD1656 was timed to fasting periods, detrimental metabolic effects were observed, including impaired glycemic control, severe liver steatosis and elevated inflammation. Mechanistically, timing AZD1656 administration to feeding periods was found to divert de novo lipogenesis-derived lipids away from hepatic storage towards VLDL synthesis and secretion, without affecting plasma triglyceride levels. In conclusion, intermittent AZD1656 dosing timed to feeding periods promotes glucose disposal when needed the most, while the daily drug holiday allows for maintained metabolic flexibility and avoids hepatic steatosis. Chronotherapeutic approaches should be considered for the development of GKAs and other drugs acting on metabolic targets. Disclosure T. Kroon: Employee; AstraZeneca. I. Alexandersson: Employee; AstraZeneca. A. Ferm: Employee; AstraZeneca. M. Petersson: Employee; AstraZeneca. S. Maurer: Employee; AstraZeneca, Merck Sharp &amp; Dohme Corp. B. Zarrouki: Employee; AstraZeneca. K. Wallenius: Employee; AstraZeneca. N.D. Oakes: Employee; AstraZeneca. J. Boucher: Employee; AstraZeneca, Evotec International GmbH.

Topic: Pancreatic function and diabetes
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Studying Middle Ear Gas Variations Needs Nonporous Materials

Abstract Problem: Experimental studies that investigate middle ear (ME) gas exchange, by using either pressure or volume measurements, are conducted using various tubing connections between the ME and a measuring device. The purpose of the present study was to highlight experimental problems encountered when measuring small gas volume or pressure changes, or more specifically, error introduced by the gas permeability of the connecting tube. Methods: Several types of plastic tubes were tested for their gas permeability. Various plastic tubes including pediatric folley probe (Porges S. A., France) were connected to a syringe filled with pure or 50% CO 2 through a gas-tight valve placed horizontally. The end of the plastic tube was plunged into colored water (Coomassie Brilliant Blue R-250 5%; Sigma®). The tube was purged with the gas until gas bubbles were seen leaving it, the valve was then closed, and the movement of water in the tube was followed with time. The same procedure was repeated with glass tubes. Results: No water movement was observed with glass tubes. In contrast, the colored solution advanced in the plastic tube at a rate twice as fast with 100% CO 2 than with 50% CO 2 , a rate that changed according to the different plastic species. In contrast to the gas-tightness of glass tubes, plastic tubes exhibited significant gas permeability. The same experiments were repeated for O 2 with similar results. Conclusion: This study demonstrates the significant influence of the tubing used for connection. Significance: When studying ME gas variations, materials with no permeability such as glass must be used to overcome the loss or gain of gas through the tubing used. Support: No support

Topic: Tracheal and airway disorders
Subfield: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Does The Purchase Preference and Consumer Beliefs can Predicts Increased of Repurchase Intention of Traditional Culinary in Indonesia?

Kuningan Regency with an area of around 1,110 Km2 which 3.14% of the total area of West Java Province with a population of 1,087,105 people. In 2020 there was a significant increase compared to the previous year, reaching 600%. This increase can also be a great opportunity for MSMEs or creative industry players in Kuningan Regency, West Java, one of which is Ibu Misarah's sticky rice. Consumers of Ms. Misrah's sticky rice have spread to the Jakarta area, but consumers only buy tape at certain times. The sustainability of MSMEs is also an important goal in the development of the Kuningan Regency area. This study aims to explore the effect of purchase preference and consumer beliefs on repurchase intention by using an online questionnaire instrument with a total of 100 respondents. Data processing in this study used the partial least square structural equation modeling technique (SEM-PLS). The results of this study indicate that purchase preference and consumer beliefs affect repurchase intention.

Topic: SMEs Development and Digital Marketing
Subfield: Demography
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Nanotechnology for Omics-Based Ocular Drug Delivery

Millions of people suffer from ocular diseases that impair vision and can lead to blindness. Advances in genomics and proteomics have revealed a number of different molecular markers specific for different ocular diseases, thereby optimizing the processes of drug development and discovery. Nanotechnology can increase the throughput of data obtained in omics-based studies and allows for more sensitive diagnostic techniques as more efficient drug delivery systems. Biocompatible and biodegradable nanomaterials developed through omics-based research are able to target reported molecular markers for different ocular diseases and offer novel alternatives to conventional drug therapy. In this chapter, the authors review the pathophysiology, current genomic and proteomic information, and current nanomaterial-based therapies of four ocular diseases: glaucoma, uveal melanoma, age-related macular degeneration, and diabetic retinopathy. Omics-based research can be used to elucidate specific genes and proteins and develop novel nanomedicine formulations to prevent, halt, or cure ocular diseases at the transcriptional or translational level.

Topic: Retinal Diseases and Treatments
Subfield: Ophthalmology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Failure analysis on 12cr1mov steel tube of high temperature reheater for 600 mw subcritical boiler

Abstract A 600 MW subcritical boiler high temperature reheater tube of 12Cr1MoV steel leaks after running for 11×10 4 h. Failure Analysis of the high temperature reheater is studied by optical microscope (OM), scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy(EDS), etc. The results show that under long-term service at high temperature, the alloy elements have been depleted in the matrix. The oxidation layer of the inner wall is too thick, and the micro-structure is degraded obviously. Many creep cavities and micro-cracks appear in the fire-facing side of the elbow. The micro-cracks extending along the grain boundaries are filled with oxide. In conclusion, the degradation of the microstructure caused by long term overheat is the main reason for the failure of 12Cr1MoV reheater tube, and the creep cracking causes the leak.

Topic: High Temperature Alloys and Creep
Subfield: Mechanical Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Personality Traits and Transition to First Marriage

Context: During the search for a potential partner, individuals emphasize personality as a key factor. The Big Five personality types (Neuroticism, Extraversion, Openness, Agreeableness and Conscientiousness) have been commonly used in social psychology literature to analyse personality types in relation to marital satisfaction and relationship outcomes (Botwin, Buss and Shakelford 1997; Holland &amp; Roisman 2008). Objectives: The purpose of this study is to 1) analyse the relationships between the big five personality types and the transition into first marriage; and 2) explore how childhood socioeconomic status moderates the relationship between childhood personality types to first marriage. Data and Methods: I run a logistic regression using data from the 1997 National Longitudinal Study of Youth (NLSY97), which includes men and women born between 1980 and 1984 organized in person-year files (n= 2, 218). Each personality trait from the Big Five are categorized into levels of low, medium and high. Results: High levels of Agreeableness, Extraversion, Conscientiousness are associated with an increase in marriage, while Openness was associated with a delay in marriage. With all controls added, high levels of Extraversion, Conscientiousness and medium levels of Conscientiousness are associated with an increase in marriage. As well, high levels of familial religiosity in childhood were also associated with 18% increase risk in marriage. When at least one parent has a Bachelor’s degree, there is a 17% decrease in the transition to marriage. Similarly, when respondents have less than a high school education, they have a 31% decrease in the transition to marriage, while completing four or more years of college have 20% increase in the transition to marriage. Keywords: Big Five, Personality, Marriage Transition, Agreeableness, Openness, Extraversion, Conscientiousness, Neuroticism, First Marriage

Topic: Family Dynamics and Relationships
Subfield: Demography
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
How Americans Assess Intimate Partner Violence: Evidence from a Survey Experiment

Most Americans view intimate partner violence as wrong. Less is known, however, about how the general population evaluates threats from romantic partners. When do third parties support interventions such as police involvement, restraining orders, or prohibiting the abuser from owning a gun? Through a survey-based experiment, participants reacted to a separated dating relationship scenario in which three elements were manipulated: the race of the couple, the medium of communication between the perpetrator and the victim, and whether the male character referenced a gun. Using a structural equation model, the authors find that the inclusion of a gun dramatically increases concern, which in turn fosters support for interventions. However, participants’ race and gender and the race of the couple shape these effects. When the victims in the separated dating scenario are Black, participants were less likely to call for the abuser to be prohibited from owning a gun, even when they have expressed concern about the situation. This suggests that although a gun has a clear and strong effect, racial and gender effects are more complex.

Topic: Intimate Partner and Family Violence
Subfield: Health
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
[Chronobiological aspects of artificial total heart replacement in long-term animal experiments--a systemanalytic study (author's transl)].

Biological rhythms (circadian rhythms) have been observed in the hemodynamics of experimental animals (calves). After artificial total heart replacement these rhythms are typically altered compared to control animals. These observations induce a growing consideration of chronobiological aspects in a systemanalysis for the conception of an automatic external control of the artificial heart, which has to be divided in:--parameter-progression (tendencies), --parameter-variation (discrete, oscillations), --parameter-coupling (phase shifts).

Topic: Cardiac Ischemia and Reperfusion
Subfield: Pathology and Forensic Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Scythris obliqua FALKOVITCH, Vsesoyuznoe Entomologicheskoe Obshchestvo 1969

S. obliqua FALKOVITCH, 1969 Scythris obliqua FALKOVITCH, Vsesoyuznoe Entomologicheskoe Obshchestvo 1969: 80. Material. 1 m (Genital slide no. 4091 Passerin d’Entrèves), MONGOLIA: Ovorhangay aimag, 130 km ESE of somon Bajanleg, 1150 m, 1967 Kaszab Expedition, 3.VII.1967. Distribution. The species is known from Uzbekistan and southern Mongolia. Remarks. The species was collected in May and June on Salsola arbuscola and Salsola rigida. In Mongolia, it was collected in July, in a desert area, near a dry salt basin.

Topic: Psoriasis: Treatment and Pathogenesis
Subfield: Immunology
Field: Immunology and Microbiology
Domain: Life Sciences
[Renal papillary necrosis cured with endourological treatment].

We recently experienced a case of renal papillary necrosis which we removed by endourological treatment. A 58-year-old female diabetic patient complaining of left flank pain, fever and chills was admitted to our clinic. She had no past history of analgesic abuse or atypical vasculitis. Physical examination revealed a body temperature of 38 degrees C and tenderness in the left costovertebral angle. Pyuria was noted, and urine cultures grew more than 100,000 colonies of Escherichia coli per cubic millimeter. DIP revealed a diminished renal function, hydronephrosis, distorted middle and lower calyces and filling defect in the dilated ureter. However, there was no evidence of obstruction or ureteral reflux. Retrograde pyelography confirmed distortion and irregularity of the calyces and hydronephrosis due to a shadow defect which was movable during radiographic examinations. Laboratory studies revealed anemia, leucocytosis and hyperglycemia, but no elevation of BUN. Therefore, the patient was diagnosed as renal papillary necrosis. We succeeded in its endourological removal through nephrostomy with a choledochoscope (Olympus Co.) under epidural anesthesia. After surgery, the patient made a satisfactory recovery.

Topic: Infectious Disease Case Reports and Treatments
Subfield: Infectious Diseases
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
The Value and Implementation of Health Education in Finland

Health education is an established school subject in Finland which is somewhat pioneering in the context of a nation-wide education and its contents and goals. However, the numerous health-related concepts that are partly overlapping make the definition, planning, and implementation of health education challenging. The purpose of this article is to discuss and illustrate the entity of health education through the various related concepts of health education and their mutual hierarchy. At its most concrete, successful health promotion leads to high-level health skills that are manifested as the ability to cherish health and well-being at the level of the behavior of individual people and communities. At the individual level, health skills are symbolized with the flame of life as the outcome of health promotion, health education, and the school subject of health education. Health skills include health awareness, health sensitivity and health literacy. In addition, the importance of caring teacherhood as the means of health education is discussed.Read Complete Article at ijSciences: V2201311363

Topic: School Health and Nursing Education
Subfield: Speech and Hearing
Field: Health Professions
Domain: Health Sciences
Project‐Based Learning Involving Sensory Panelists Improves Student Learning Outcomes

Abstract Project‐based, collaborative learning is an effective teaching method when compared to traditional cognitive learning. The purpose of this study was to assess student learning after the completion of a final meal project that involved a group of sensory panelists. A paper survey was conducted among 73 senior nutrition and dietetics students enrolling in Experimental Food Science, Spring 2013 and 2014. The survey comprised of qualitative and quantitative questions about students’ perceived learning outcomes. The project required students to prepare a 4‐course meal in 90 min, in groups of 4. Eighteen sensory panelists consisting of faculty and graduate students from the Nutrition, Dietetics, and Hospitality Management Department and administrative staff from the college evaluated the foods, asked students several food science‐related questions, and completed a survey about their involvement in the project. Students reported that this project reinforced class material (4.7 ± 0.6), and was enjoyable (4.6 ± 0.6) yet challenging (4.4 ± 0.7); numerous skills were developed, including team‐building (4.7 ± 0.5), food preparation (4.6 ± 0.5), and time management (4.4 ± 0.5). Students perceived that the involvement of sensory panelists was beneficial in terms of providing constructive feedback for improvement and motivating them to prepare high‐quality foods. It also prepared them for serving foods to individuals from different cultural backgrounds. However, some students found the experience stressful. For the sensory panelists, the project helped them to venture out of their areas of expertise. In conclusion, a meal project involving sensory panelists can result in positive learning outcomes.

Topic: Management and Marketing Education
Subfield: Management of Technology and Innovation
Field: Business, Management and Accounting
Domain: Social Sciences