jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Reversal of Streptozotocin Diabetes with Nicotinamide

Animals given nicotinamide either as a pretreatment or as long as 2 hr (but not 4 hr) after streptozotocin were protected from diabetes. Nicotinic acid and NAD pretreatment were ineffective in preventing streptozotocin diabetes. It was postualted that streptozotocin may interfere with NAD formation in the beta cell and that treatment with nicotinamide reverses the streptozotocin effect by reversing its effect on levels of NAD within beta cells.

Topic: Calcium signaling and nucleotide metabolism
Subfield: Physiology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Barriers and Resources for Highly-Skilled Migrant Women with a STEM Background in Italy

In spite of increasing numbers of vacancies for highly-skilled jobs in innovative sectors of the economy, highly-skilled migrants are often discriminated against their qualifications. In this study, we specifically focus on the case of highly-skilled migrant women having a background in male-dominated fields, namely in STEM. Adopting an intersectionality approach, we illuminate the macro-, organizational-, and individual-level barriers that prevent highly skilled migrant women finding a job that is up to their qualification level and sector, and the resources available to them to overcome these barriers. We draw on extensive qualitative data gained from in- depth interviews and focus groups with women from different countries and STEM qualifications. By highlighting the complexities of being a woman, a migrant, and a STEM professional, we identify relevant areas for policy intervention to valorize migration in support of innovation and labor outcomes in Italy and in other countries.

Topic: Entrepreneurship Studies and Influences
Subfield: Management of Technology and Innovation
Field: Business, Management and Accounting
Domain: Social Sciences
Genomic profiles of gestational choriocarcinoma for diagnosis and predicting prognosis

Objective: Gestational choriocarcinoma (GC) is one of gestational trophoblastic diseases (GTDs), and a unique cancer that originates in pregnant tissues.GCs are known to be preceded by complete hydatidiform mole (CHM) (50%), previous abortions (25%), or normal/ectopic pregnancies (25%).CHM is considered a preneoplastic condition of GC, and invasive mole (IM) has neoplastic characteristics such as tissue invasion.However, what triggers CHM/IM to progress to GC is not figured out.Genomic alterations of GCs are not well studied because of the rare availability of tumor tissues.The lack of genome-wide alteration data on GTDs, led us to analyze GC genomes by whole exome sequencing, copy number alteration, copy-neutral loss-ofheterozygosity (CN-LOH) profiles in this study.Methods: Whole-exome sequencing (20 GCs) and/or singlenucleotide polymorphism microarray (29 GCs) were performed.We analyzed CN-LOH in 29 GCs.Results: Most GCs (25/29) harboring recurrent copy number alterations (CNAs) and gains on 1q21.1-q44 were significantly associated with poor prognosis.We detected five driver mutations in the GCs, most of which were chromatin remodeling gene (ARID1A, SMARCD1, and EP300) mutations but not in common cancer genes such as TP53 and KRAS.Conclusion: Our data indicate that GCs have unique profiles of CN-LOHs, mutations and CNAs that together differentiate GCs from non-GCs.Practically, CN-LOH and CNA profiles are useful for the molecular diagnosis of GC and the selection of GC patients with poor prognosis for more intensive treatments, respectively.

Topic: Gestational Trophoblastic Disease Studies
Subfield: Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Classification of exchange relation planar algebras through sieving forest fusion graphs

We suggest a classification scheme for subfactorizable fusion bialgebras, particularly for exchange relation planar algebras. This scheme begins by transforming infinite diagrammatic consistency equations of exchange relations into a finite set of algebraic equations of degree at most 3. We then introduce a key concept, the fusion graph of a fusion bialgebra, and prove that the fusion graph for any minimal projection is a forest if and only if the planar algebra has an exchange relation. For each fusion graph, the system of degree 3 equations reduces to linear and quadratic equations that are efficiently solvable. To deal with exponentially many fusion graphs, we propose two novel analytic criteria to sieve most candidates from being subfactor planar algebras. Based on these results, we classify 5-dimensional subfactorizable fusion bialgebras with exchange relations. This scheme recovers the previous classification up to 4-dimension by Bisch, Jones, and the second author with quick proof. We developed a computer program to sieve forest fusion graphs using our criteria without solving the equations. The efficiency is 100%, as all remaining graphs are realized by exchange relation planar algebras up to 5-dimension.

Topic: Matrix Theory and Algorithms
Subfield: Computational Theory and Mathematics
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Beams generation by aperture field spectra

This paper discusses a novel method for computing aperture radiated fields by means of two new types of circular domain beams with azimuthally phase variation. These circular domain beams rigorously respect the wave equation and in their vector form, Maxwell's equations. The beam expansion of an aperture radiated field is simply obtained by first expanding the field spectrum in the aperture plane in terms of an angular Fourier series and next representing the radial spectral coefficients in terms of complex exponentials obtained by the Generalized Pencil-of-Function method (GPOF) method. The starting radiation integral is this way reduced to a double sum of wave objects which can be computed analytically in both space and spectral domain. The vector form can be obtained through the use of vector potentials. This paper will only deal with the development and the propagation of the new wave objects. An example is presented to shows how the two different typologies of these new wave objects can be used to reconstruct the near and far field radiated by a circular apertures. The results are compared to those obtained via direct integration of the radiation integral. The comparison with other beam expansion will be presented in the final paper.

Topic: Electromagnetic Compatibility and Measurements
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Implementing Communication Protocols Using Object-Oriented Techniques

In this paper, elements of an object-oriented implementation of the upper layer OSI protocols are presented. Our goal in the paper is two-fold. First, to communicate to software engineers, particularly those developing systems software, that object-oriented programming techniques facilitate and enhance the implementation of layered architectures. Second, to convey to language designers our experience using object-oriented language features in building communications protocols. We focus on the requirements for the upper layer OSI protocols and illustrate how inheritance, subtyping, and polymorphic function effect their implementation.

Topic: Logic, programming, and type systems
Subfield: Artificial Intelligence
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Trapping of shear acoustic waves by a near-surface distribution of cavities

For a halfspace containing random and uniform distribution of empty cylindrical cavities within finite depth beneath the surface, the dispersion spectrum of coherent shear horizontal waves is calculated and analyzed based on the effective-medium approach. The scattering-induced dispersion and attenuation are coupled with the effect of a surface waveguide filled with scatterers. As a result, the obtained spectrum bears certain essential particularities in comparison with the standard Love-wave pattern. Simple analytical estimates enable a direct evaluation of the concentration of scatterers from the dispersion data.

Topic: Ultrasonics and Acoustic Wave Propagation
Subfield: Mechanics of Materials
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
[Unusual pseudosarcoid granulomatosis of a prostatic adenoma].

In the reported observation, numerous granulomas of the sarcoid type in the absence of sarcoidosis were found under the capsule of the removed prostate adenoma in a man of 57 who was practically normal for 8 1/2 years after the operation. Some of these granulomas were formed around adenoma glands. Also, large periglandular lymphoidcell infiltrates were found, sometimes with foci of cells similar to epithelioid ones. It is assumed that these infiltrates may precede granuloma formation. In the same sections there were rounded foci of sclerotic changes which apparently may be due to scarring of granulomas. An infectious-allergic genesis of the disease is suggested.

Topic: Sarcoidosis and Beryllium Toxicity Research
Subfield: Physiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Hospital Stockpiling for Disaster Planning Abstract ID: 419

This paper addresses joint inventory stockpiling of medical supplies for groups of hospitals prior to a disaster. We assume patient demand is uncertain and driven by the characteristics of a variety of scenarios of a disastrous event, and hospitals have mutual aid agreements for inventory sharing in emergency. We model this problem as a noncooperative strategic game, prove the existence of a Nash equilibrium, and analyze the equilibrium solutions. We also examine a centralized model of stockpile decision making where a central decision-maker optimizes the entire system, and we compare the solutions to those of the decentralized (game) model.

Topic: Disaster Response and Management
Subfield: Emergency Medical Services
Field: Health Professions
Domain: Health Sciences
The correspondence of Lew Sapieha addressed at the Radziwiłł family (in the years 1586–1622). A contribution to the reception of Stephen Báthory and Sigismund III Vasa in Lithuania

The topic of this paper is the representation of the two kings of Poland &ndash; Stephen B&aacute;thory andSigismund III Vasa &ndash; emerging from the correspondence of Lew Sapieha addressed to the Radziwiłłsof Birża: Krzysztof &lsquo;the Thunder&rsquo; and his son Krzysztof (d. 1640), as well as Mikołaj KrzysztofSierotka of the Nieśwież line of the family. A look at Sapieha&rsquo;s writings allows to capture thedifferences in his descriptions of the two monarchs and also enables identifying the rhetorictools aimed at making the king&rsquo;s policies favourable in the eyes of the addressees. Sapieha&rsquo;s lettersare testaments of his unusual ability to depict reality colourfully; most of all, however, theyenrich the knowledge on the art of epistolography in the past centuries, a topic which remainsnot fully explored by literary historians.

Topic: Historical and Cultural Studies of Poland
Subfield: History
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Assessment of Mpanda groundwater contamination and the effectiveness of the baobab seeds-derived biochar for iron removal from groundwater

Groundwater in Mpanda District, Tanzania, faces excessive iron content, causing a reddish brown colouration due to oxidized iron species. The present study evaluated Mpanda groundwater contamination and the effectiveness of baobab seeds-derived biochar for iron removal from groundwater. First, the physicochemical quality of groundwater was investigated. Nineteen boreholes were randomly selected for assessment, with samples collected in rainy and dry seasons. The study revealed significant variations in groundwater quality both between seasons and among boreholes. Temperature, total dissolved solids, electrical conductivity, lead, iron and manganese exceeding World Health Organization and Tanzania Bureau of Standards limits in some boreholes; necessitating water treatment for human use. Second, the effectiveness of baobab seeds-derived biochar for iron removal from groundwater was assessed. Baobab seeds, were sun-dried, oven dried at 105 ºC, carbonized at 700 ºC, and ground into fine powder. The influence of pH, time, temperature and dose of biochar on the iron removal from groundwater was assessed. Six 1000 mL beakers were filled with groundwater and adsorbent doses of 0.6 g/L, 1.2 g/L, 1.8 g/L, 2.4 g/L, and 3.0 g/L were added into five beakers with the sixth serving as a control. The highest removal efficiency of iron was observed within 5.0-8.0 pH range. Over time, the removal efficiency increased to 87% at 120 minutes and 3.0 g dose, with an initial iron concentration of 5.88 mg/L and residual concentration of 0.76 mg/L. Baobab seeds-derived biochar showed promising efficiency in removing iron ions and is recommended for sustainable iron removal from groundwater.

Topic: African Botany and Ecology Studies
Subfield: Forestry
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Natural Spawning in the Captive Barfin Flounder Verasper moseri, and Estimation of the Spawning Time Based on the Embryonic Development of the Fertilized Eggs.

水槽内での自然産卵による受精卵の確保を目的として, マツカワ親魚を低密度で飼育し, 産卵状況を調査した。天然由来の成魚を0.24-0.26尾/m2の密度で飼育したところ, 約1ヶ月にわたって産卵が確認され, 雌1尾あたり8.5&acd;40.6万粒の受精卵が得られた。産出された卵の受精率およびふ化率は, 人工授精の場合と同程度の高い値を示し, 本飼育法で良質の受精卵が得られることが示された。人工授精した卵の発生状況を経時的に観察し, 親魚水槽より採取した卵の発生段階をもとに産卵時刻を推定した結果, 夜間22時から4時にかけて産卵することが示唆された。

Topic: Aquaculture Nutrition and Growth
Subfield: Aquatic Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
<i>Asen</i> and Methodology in Art History

September 01 2007 Asen and Methodology in Art History Joseph C.E. Adande Joseph C.E. Adande JOSEPH C.E. ADANDE is an art historian at the Université d'Abomey-Calavi. joadande@yahoo.fr Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Scholar Author and Article Information Joseph C.E. Adande JOSEPH C.E. ADANDE is an art historian at the Université d'Abomey-Calavi. joadande@yahoo.fr Online ISSN: 1937-2108 Print ISSN: 0001-9933 © 2007 by the Regents of the University of California.2007 African Arts (2007) 40 (3): 7. https://doi.org/10.1162/afar.2007.40.3.7a Cite Icon Cite Permissions Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Search Site Citation Joseph C.E. Adande; Asen and Methodology in Art History. African Arts 2007; 40 (3): 7. doi: https://doi.org/10.1162/afar.2007.40.3.7a Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsAfrican Arts Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 2007 by the Regents of the University of California.2007 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.

Topic: Art History and Market Analysis
Subfield: Visual Arts and Performing Arts
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
The migrant cells in allotransplants of heart, kidney and skin. III. The source and evolution of migrant cells in association with allotransplant fibroplasia.

A detailed electronmicroscopic assessment of the cells in the thoracic duct indicates that small lymphocytes do not monopolize the mononuclear cell content. Macrophages, eosinophils and many unidentified types make up about 50% of the cells and the remainder are either monocytes or lymphocytes which cannot be distinguished at certain stages by the electronmicroscope. The number of lymphocytes circulating in the peripheral blood has been radically reduced by recent electronmicroscopic assessments and their place taken by monocytes. Identification of cells in allotransplants has been mainly based on observed function such as phagocytosis, rather than on vague notions of lymphoid morphology before adequate differentiation has occurred. On this basis the migrant population contained few lympoid cells. Cells similar to those circulating in the peripheral blood can be observed migrating continuously through the small vessels of the allotransplants and they are either immature phagocytes or evolving monocytes, as indicated by pinocytosis or phagocytosis. These are the cells which come to dominate the interstitial tissues of all allotransplants examined. In many areas the arrival of the macrophages coincides with stimulation of the allotransplant's own fibroblasts, which rapidly divide and enlarge and adhere to one another to such an extent that they dominate some areas of the interstitial space. The joint activity of the scavenging macrophages and the healing fibroblasts can best be interpreted as a conventional process aimed at repairing the damage resulting from the inflammatory vascular reaction by the allotransplants soon after being placed in a foreign circulation. The interstitial cell population of allotransplants is partly derived from the donor and partly from the recipient. No evidence has emerged which suggests that either cell type is in any way engaged in immunological activity or directly responsible for parenchymal damage.

Topic: Organ and Tissue Transplantation Research
Subfield: Transplantation
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
A comparison of selected performance indicators, nutrient digestibility and nitrogen balance parameters in Californian and Flemish Giant rabbits

Medium rabbit breeds such as Californian (CAL) are generally regarded as most suitable for meat production on commercial farms. Despite the increasing scale of production, commercial rabbit breeding has not replaced traditional and organic small-scale farming systems which use various rabbit breeds and hybrids. The Flemish Giant (FG), the largest rabbit breed in the world, is widely used in small household farms. According to researchers, the progeny of FG does have a relatively high weaning weight, and bucks are deemed good paternal components in commercial crossing. The aim of this study was to compare rearing rate, body weight, daily gains, carcass dressing percentage and the percentage of primal cuts in the carcass in CAL and FG rabbits. Nutrient digestibility, nitrogen balance and nitrogen retention parameters were also compared in the studied breeds. In our study, CAL rabbits were characterised by better reproductive performance in comparison with FG rabbits. Despite the above, the observed daily gain values, daily nitrogen balance and retention parameters and carcass dressing percentages of the compared breeds suggest that FGs may be a good alternative to medium breeds such as CAL rabbits.

Topic: Rabbits: Nutrition, Reproduction, Health
Subfield: Animal Science and Zoology
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Efficient Conjugation of Peptides to Oligonucleotides by “Native Ligation”

A new strategy has been developed for conjugation of peptides to oligonucleotides. The method is based on the "native ligation" of an N-terminal thioester-functionalized peptide to a 5'-cysteinyl oligonucleotide. Two new reagents were synthesized for use in solid-phase peptide and oligonucleotide synthesis, respectively. Pentafluorophenyl S-benzylthiosuccinate was used in the final coupling step in standard Fmoc-based solid-phase peptide assembly. Deprotection with trifluoracetic acid generated in solution peptides substituted with an N-terminal S-benzylthiosuccinyl moiety. O-trans-4-(N-alpha-Fmoc-S-tert-butylsulfenyl-L-cysteinyl)aminoc yclohe xyl O-2-cyanoethyl-N,N-diisopropylphosphoramidite was used in the final coupling step in standard phosphoramidite solid-phase oligonucleotide assembly. Deprotection with aqueous ammonia solution generated in solution 5'-S-tert-butylsulfenyl-L-cysteinyl functionalized oligonucleotides. Functionalized peptides and oligonucleotides were used without purification in native ligation conjugation reactions in aqueous/organic solution using tris-(2-carboxyethyl)phosphine to remove the tert-butylsulfenyl group in situ and thiophenol as a conjugation enhancer. A range of peptide-oligonucleotide conjugates were prepared by this route and purified by reversed-phase HPLC.

Topic: Advanced biosensing and bioanalysis techniques
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Agglutination of the H-Viruses with Various Types of Red Blood Cells.

The hemagglutinating capabilities of 5 H-viruses with 16 different kinds of red cells are presented. Knowledge of such HA patterns offers an aid to determination of the H-virus strain, as well as an accessory method of differentiation between these agents and other hemagglutinating viruses of similar size.

Topic: Cytomegalovirus and herpesvirus research
Subfield: Epidemiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Nitric oxide mediates hepatic arterial vascular escape from norepinephrine-induced constriction

The involvement of nitric oxide (NO) in the vascular escape from norepinephrine (NE)-induced vasoconstriction was investigated in the hepatic arterial vasculature of anesthetized cats. The hepatic artery was perfused by free blood flow or pump-controlled constant-flow, and NE (0.15 and 0.3 μg ⋅ kg −1 ⋅ min −1 , respectively) was infused through the portal vein. In the free-flow perfusion model, the NE-induced hepatic vasoconstriction recovered from the maximum point of the constriction, resulting in 36.6 ± 5.9% vascular escape. Blockade of NO formation with N ω -nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (l-NAME, 2.5 mg/kg ipv) potentiated NE-induced maximum vasoconstriction, and the potentiation was reversed byl-arginine (75 mg/kg ipv). Furthermore, NE-induced vasoconstriction became more stable after l-NAME, resulting in an inhibition of vascular escape (7.5 ± 3.3%), and the inhibition was reversed by l-arginine (23.0 ± 6.4%). Similar potentiation of NE-induced vasoconstriction and inhibition of hepatic vascular escape by l-NAME (40.4 ± 4.3% control vs. 10.2 ± 3.7% post-l-NAME escape) and the reversal byl-arginine were also observed in the constant-flow perfusion model. The data suggest that NO is the major endogenous mediator involved in the hepatic vascular escape from NE-induced vasoconstriction.

Topic: Nitric Oxide and Endothelin Effects
Subfield: Physiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Stochastic Resonance and Nonequilibrium Dynamic Phase Transition of Ising Spin System Driven by a Joint External Field

We studied the dynamic response and stochastic resonance of kinetic Ising spin system (ISS), subject to the joint external field of weak sinusoidal modulation and stochastic white-noise, through solving the mean-field equation of motion based on Glauber dynamics. The periodically driven stochastic ISS shows the occurrence of characteristic stochastic resonance as well as nonequilibrium dynamic phase transition (NDPT) when the frequency and amplitude h0 of driving field, the temperature t of the system and noise intensity D attain a specific accordance in quantity. There exist in the system two typical dynamic phases, referred to as dynamic disordered paramagnetic and ordered ferromagnetic phases respectively, corresponding to zero and unit dynamic order parameter. We also figured out the NDPT boundary surface of the system which separates the dynamic paramagnetic and dynamic ferromagnetic phase in the 3D parameter space of h0~t~D. An intriguing dynamical ferromagnetic phase with an intermediate order parameter at 0.66 was revealed for the first time in the ISS subject to the perturbation of a joint determinant and stochastic field. Our primary result indicates that the intermediate order dynamical ferromagnetic phase is dynamic metastable in nature and owns a peculiar characteristic in its stability and response to external driving field when compared with fully order dynamic ferromagnetic phase.

Topic: stochastic dynamics and bifurcation
Subfield: Statistical and Nonlinear Physics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences