jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Implementation of GIS Technology to Detect Wildlife Hazards at Airports

The use of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) for displaying spatial data is a well established technique widely used by many professions, especially natural resources. Environmental and engineering departments at many civil and military airports also use GIS to aid in planning new construction and future development. These same techniques can be applied at airports to create maps that visually portray the occurrence and location of wildlife hazardous to aircraft. At Seymour Johnson Air Force Base in North Carolina, USDA Wildlife Services uses this technology to analyze and display wildlife activity on grid maps. Wildlife observations are maintained in a database that is linked to the facility GIS. Spatial and temporal distribution of species may be selected, and this information can be overlaid on maps that depict possible wildlife attractants (e.g., rivers or ponds). Resulting maps aid in wildlife hazard management and are easily interpreted by airport operations personnel. Archived material also can be examined to detect long-term trends that may be hazardous. The use of GIS technology to create these maps is an efficient and concise process that provides information to a wide audience concerning wildlife hazards in the fast paced airport environment.

Topic: Wildlife-Road Interactions and Conservation
Subfield: Ecology
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Molecular identification of a phytoplasma associated with <scp>S</scp>ophora <scp>R</scp>oot yellows

Summary A phytoplasma infecting S ophora R oot ( S ophora alopecuroides ) was detected and identified in A lar, X injiang U ygur A utonomous R egion of C hina. Typical phytoplasma bodies were observed in sieve tubes of the diseased plants by transmission electron microscopy. A partial 16S rRNA gene and ribosomal protein (rp) genes containing rpl22 ( rplV ) and rps3 ( rpsC ) were amplified by direct and nested PCR . Based on the sequence similarity of the 16S rRNA and rp genes with accompanying phylogenetic analyses, the phytoplasma associated with S ophora R oot yellows belongs to the 16SrI group (aster yellows group). Virtual RFLP analysis of these 16S rRNA and rp gene sequences showed distinct differences from those of reference phytoplasma strains representing previously described subgroups of the 16SrI group. Moreover, the similarity coefficient (0.92) of the RFLP profile of this phytoplasma was less than the threshold similarity coefficient (0.97) required for subgroup classification. Thus, the phytoplasma isolate of S ophora R oot plants, designated as ‘SoRY’, represents a new subgroup. Furthermore, this is the first report of phytoplasma disease associated with S ophora R oot plants.

Topic: Phytoplasmas and Hemiptera pathogens
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Amphetamine availability predicts amphetamine-related mental health admissions: A time series analysis

Objective: Amphetamine use and availability have increased in Australia and there are concerns that this has led to more frequent hospital admissions with amphetamine-related psychosis. This study examines whether amphetamine-related admissions to mental health units are more common at times of greater amphetamine availability. Methods: We conducted an ecological study using aggregate crime and health service data for NSW, Australia, from January 2000 to March 2015. Amphetamine-related criminal incidents (arrests or cautions for possession or use) were used as an indirect measure of amphetamine availability. Semiparametric time series analysis was used to compare monthly arrest rates to monthly hospitalisation rates for (1) amphetamine abuse or dependence, (2) amphetamine-related psychosis and (3) any psychosis. Results: Amphetamine-related admissions to NSW mental health units have increased four- to fivefold since 2009 and comprised approximately 10% of all admissions to these units in early 2015. There was a significant association between arrests and amphetamine-related admissions. After adjustment for seasonal variation, this effect demonstrated a time lag of 1–2 months. There was no relationship between amphetamine arrests and overall admissions for psychosis. Conclusion: Greater amphetamine availability significantly predicts admissions for amphetamine use disorders and amphetamine-related psychosis. Better treatment strategies are needed to break the nexus between drug availability and drug-related harm.

Topic: Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
Subfield: Epidemiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Bulk Electroporation for Intracellular Delivery Directly Driven by Mechanical Stimulus

Electroporation (EP) is an effective and widely accepted intracellular delivery method for fundamental research and medical applications. Existing electroporation methods usually require a commercially available EP system or tailor-made high-voltage (HV, up to kV) power source and are complicated, expensive, harmful to the cells, and even dangerous to the operators. A triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) is a highly studied device that can generate HV output with limited charges and ultrahigh internal impedance. Here, we developed a Bulk Electroporation System based on TENG (BEST). To maximize the load voltage of the TENG, a flowing EP unit with a capillary was designed as a resistive load to realize impedance matching. A low conductivity buffer was used to further match and assist cell electroporation. Besides, the electrical model and experiments on cells transfected with the BEST showed that the bulk electric field of the cell medium could reach up to 1 kV/cm, therefore resulting in a nearly 30 times increase of trans-membrane potential, thus largely improving transfection efficiency. Finally, using 40 kDa FITC-dextran, we showed that a delivery efficiency above 50% with a cell viability maintained over 90% can be achieved in HeLa cells. This work demonstrated the potential of TENG in the biomedical field as a naturally safe HV power source. It also provided a simple, alternative, and low-cost solution for EP research and related biomedicine applications.

Topic: Advanced Sensor and Energy Harvesting Materials
Subfield: Biomedical Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
TRAFFICKING IN HUMAN BEINGS

Trafficking in human beings, also known as slavery in modern times, is a serious crime as well as a violation of fundamental human rights and dignity. The purpose of trafficking is to exploit vulnerable persons for the sole purpose of profit. Every state is affected in some form or form of trafficking in human beings. The term "modern form of slavery" can also be found in the literature and practice of some countries; a term used to raise awareness of what trafficking may look like to people who are uninformed. There are still many myths about trafficking one of them is that trafficking only happens internationally and that the international element of the trafficking offense is qualifying. In fact, although many cases of trafficking in human beings involve an international element, where the victim is taken from one state to another and exploited there, trafficking also occurs within the territory of the same state and is known as "internal trafficking". Trafficking in human beings is a serious crime and above all a violation of dignity and fundamental human rights. Considering it as such, the awareness as well as the attention of the state and the whole society towards the prevention and uncompromising fight against trafficking in human beings has recently increased; hitting on the phenomenon, identifying cases, investigating, prosecuting and bringing to justice all perpetrators of the crime of trafficking in human beings. The UN Protocol to Prevent, Eliminate and Punish Trafficking in Persons, Especially Women and Children, 2000, known as the Palermo Protocol, Article 3 states that: Trafficking in human beings means the recruitment, transportation, transfer, accommodation or support of persons, through threats or by use of force or various forms of coercion, kidnapping, lying, abuse of power or powerlessness, giving or receiving money or benefits, with the intent to gain the consent of any person who has control to any other person, for the needs of exploitation. A number of international documents and conventions constitute the legal basis for the drafting of adequate legislation against trafficking in human beings and the protection of human rights, such as: the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, the European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and of Fundamental Freedoms and its Protocols, Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination, Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women (CEDAE), UN Convention on the Rights of the Child.

Topic: Enzyme function and inhibition
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Novel dual damascene patterning technology for ultra low-κ dielectrics

In this article, we present a novel via-sealing-architecture (VISA) dual damascene patterning technology, featuring with immunity from PR poisoning and ash-induced degradation of porous low-k dielectrics, and planar surface topology for both via and trench lithography. Its electrical performance is demonstrated by integrating Cu and porous organosilicate glass (OSG), /spl kappa/=2.2, with 90 nm design rule and 193 nm lithography on the 300 mm wafer. The new architecture, which consists of depositing hard-mask dielectrics over the etched hole to form a sealed structure, enables this patterning technology extending to 65 nm generation and below without influenced by low-k materials and lithography technology.

Topic: Copper Interconnects and Reliability
Subfield: Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Organ dysfunction in patients with cancer admitted to the intensive care unit

Department of Critical Care Medicine, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología and Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico; (Ñamendys-Silva) Department of Surgical Oncology, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Mexico City, Mexico (Herrera-Gómez)

Topic: Sepsis Diagnosis and Treatment
Subfield: Epidemiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Races of rust (Puccinia antirrhini) of <i>Antirrhinum majus</i> and the inheritance of host resistance

Fifty‐five isolates of P. antirrhini urediospores were collected from around the world. These isolates were used to inoculate the leaves of 10 cultivars of Antirrhinum majus. Two races of P. antirrhini were identified (α and β). None of the cultivars challenged exhibited resistance to isolates of Race β. Some cultivars were resistant to Race a. Resistance was inherited in a manner consistent with the existence of a dominant, nuclear allele at a single locus.

Topic: Yeasts and Rust Fungi Studies
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Virtue and Vice in Academic Memory: Lord Acton and Charles Oman

This article argues that notions of virtue and vice were central to scholarly debates about what it took to be a historian in Britain at the turn of the nineteenth century. Moreover, in an attempt at combining the study of academic memory cultures with the rapidly growing interest of historians in epistemic virtues and vices, this article aims to show that epistemic virtues are best studied in constellations, rather than in isolation. It does this through an analysis of how Lord Acton (1834–1902), one of Britain’s foremost historians, was remembered by his academic peers. Although Acton was highly esteemed by his contemporaries, he was at the same time regarded as being gravely unproductive, because he never wrote a single book. This perceived unproductivity became the focus of debates on how Acton was to be remembered. Acton’s biographers highlighted specific virtues and vices as characteristic of him, because they disagreed about what “good” scholarship was and, consequently, about the constellations of virtues that historians should ideally possess. Moreover, what was at stake in the memory culture around the person of Acton were not single virtues like “accuracy,” “thoroughness,” and “courage” but constellations in which each of these virtues had a relative weight. Virtues could turn into vices if they disturbed the balance of such an ideal-typical constellation.

Topic: Philosophy, History, and Historiography
Subfield: History
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Armed robbery and the meanings of money

Abstract In this study, we investigate the meanings active armed robbers give to money before, during, and after their crimes and how these meanings shape their offending. We do so by examining interviews undertaken from 1994 to 1995 with robbers in St. Louis, Missouri, USA. Prior to their robberies, the interviewees' desperation leads them to define money as essential to survival. Immediately following robberies and in looking back on them, they come to view this essential money in other ways as well—as too time‐consuming to get, as “easy,” or as guilt‐free. These meanings facilitate the contradictory way robbers see money as “fast” after offences. We discuss how these shifting meanings of money shape and are shaped by robbers' structural positions, cultural outlooks, and social relations. In doing so, we also help to explain how the shifting meanings of money play into criminogenic cycles of predatory offending.

Topic: Crime, Illicit Activities, and Governance
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Simulation: Methodology and Statistics

The basic ideas behind Monte Carlo methods are presented, after which the special class of discrete-event simulations is discussed more in detail. Two types of implementations are presented: event-based and time-based. The generation of random numbers using pseudo random sequences is presented, as well as the derivation of non-uniformly distributed random numbers from uniformly distributed random numbers. The execution of a discrete-event simulation and the derivation of statistically unbiased estimates, including confidence intervals, is finally presented. Applications to the simulation of queues of M|M|1- and G|G|1-type are also given.

Topic: Simulation Techniques and Applications
Subfield: Management Science and Operations Research
Field: Decision Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Analysis of Motor Abilities Development in Male and Female High Schoolers

The pupose of the research is to define the peculiarities of motor abilities development in male and female high schoolers.&#x0D; Materials and methods. To solve the tasks set, the research relies on the following methods used: analysis of scientific literature, pedagogical testing and methods of mathematical statistics of data reduction. The participants in the study were 10 boys and 14 girls of the 10th grade, 14 boys and 10 girls of the 11th grade.&#x0D; Conclusions. The level of motor abilities development in the 10th-11th-grade girls and the 11th-grade boys is at the sufficient level, while this level in the 10th-grade boys is average.&#x0D; The statistically significant difference between the 10th-grade boys and girls is observed in the following tests: assessment of time parameters of movement (error in 10 seconds), assessment of perception of strength parameters of movement (standing long jump at ½ of MAX), bending and unbending of arms in suspension, bent suspension. The boys performed better in these tests than girls.&#x0D; The statistically significant difference between the 11th-grade boys and girls shows in the following tests: jumping with “increases of weight”, assessment of time parameters of movement (error in 5, 10 seconds), assessment of perception of strength parameters of movement, shuttle run, bending and unbending of arms in suspension, bent suspension. The girls performed better in jumping with “increases of weight”, assessment of time parameters of movement, assessment of perception of strength parameters of movement.&#x0D; The correlation analysis of the indicators of motor abilities development proves that the “shuttle run” test has more connections with the other tests in case of the 10th-grade girls (3 сonnections at r &gt; 0.6); for the 10th-grade boys such tests are “bending and unbending of arms from the lying position”, “bending and unbending of arms in suspension” (5 сonnections at r &gt; 0.6); for the 11th‑grade girls — “bending and unbending of arms from the lying position”, “bending and unbending of arms in suspension” (3 сonnections at r &gt; 0.6); for the 11th-grade boys — “standing long jump at 2/3 of МАХ” (10 сonnections at r &gt; 0.6).

Topic: Physical Education and Training Studies
Subfield: Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation
Field: Health Professions
Domain: Health Sciences
Synthesis of Surfactants by Micellar Autocatalysis: N,N-Dimethyldodecylamine N-Oxide

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of Surfactants by Micellar Autocatalysis: N,N-Dimethyldodecylamine N-OxidePaul R. Kust and James F. RathmanCite this: Langmuir 1995, 11, 8, 3007–3012Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/la00008a026https://doi.org/10.1021/la00008a026research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views397Altmetric-Citations19LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts

Topic: Analytical Chemistry and Chromatography
Subfield: Spectroscopy
Field: Chemistry
Domain: Physical Sciences
Partial cranial diabetes insipidus in breast cancer: invisible pituitary metastases or uncanny coincidence

Searchable abstracts of presentations at key conferences in endocrinology ISSN 1470-3947 (print) | ISSN 1479-6848 (online)

Topic: Pituitary Gland Disorders and Treatments
Subfield: Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
TRANSPARANSI DAN AKUNTABILITAS PENGELOLAAN ANGGARAN PENDAPATAN DAN BELANJA DESA (APBDESA) BULUSARI KECAMATAN KALIPURO KABUPATEN BANYUWANGI TAHUN 2020

The village government has a strategic role in national development. The success of the village government in realizing the program will have an indirect impact on the central government program. One of the supporting factors that influence the implementation of village government programs, namely the financial management of the Village Budget. So to ensure the implementation of public services, the government issues regulations and laws governing the management of these village funds. This is aimed at realizing good village governance.&#x0D; The Bulusari village government is one of the villages that has implemented good financial management. The management of the Bulusari Village Budget consists of planning, implementation, administration, reporting, and accountability activities in accordance with the provisions stipulated in the Regulation of the Minister of Home Affairs. In addition, the management of the Bulusari APBDesa has implemented the principles of transparency and public accountability

Topic: Local Governance and Development
Subfield: Geography, Planning and Development
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 Vaccines: New Ground for Optimism?

ABSTRACT The development of effective prophylactic and therapeutic vaccines against genital herpes has proven problematic. Difficulties are associated with the complexity of the virus life cycle (latency) and our relatively poor understanding of the mechanism of immune control of primary and recurrent disease. The types of effector cells and the mechanisms responsible for their activation and regulation are particularly important. Studies from my and other laboratories have shown that recurrent disease is prevented by virus-specific T helper 1 (Th1) cytokines (viz., gamma interferon) and activated innate immunity. Th2 cytokines (viz., interleukin-10 [IL-10]) and regulatory (suppressor) T cells downregulate this immune profile, thereby allowing unimpeded replication of reactivated virus and recurrent disease. Accordingly, an effective therapeutic vaccine must induce Th1 immunity and be defective in Th2 cytokine production, at least IL-10. These concepts are consistent with the findings of the most recent clinical trials, which indicate that (i) a herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) glycoprotein D (gD-2) vaccine formulated with a Th1-inducing adjuvant has prophylactic activity in HSV-2- and HSV-1-seronegative females, an activity attributed to the adjuvant function, and (ii) a growth-defective HSV-2 mutant (ICP10ΔPK), which is deleted in the Th2-polarizing gene ICP10PK, induces Th1 immunity and has therapeutic activity in both genders. The ICP10ΔPK vaccine prevents recurrent disease in 44% of treated subjects and reduces the frequency and severity of recurrences in the subjects that are not fully protected. Additional studies to evaluate these vaccines are warranted.

Topic: Herpesvirus Infections and Treatments
Subfield: Epidemiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
[Use of CT-guided metal wires in pre-thoracoscopic localization of peripheral pulmonary nodules].

The recent developments in thoracic surgery have broadened the application spectrum of thoracoscopy. Video-assisted thoracoscopic lung resection is now available both to diagnose and to treat peripheral pulmonary nodules. A major factor limiting the success of thoracoscopic lung resection is the difficult localization of the pulmonary nodule. When lesions are very small and deep inside the lung, their preoperative detection may be difficult. This study was aimed at investigating the effectiveness of hookwires for CT-guided localization of peripheral pulmonary lesions requiring thoracoscopic resection. In 12 patients 12 nodules, previously detected with chest radiography, were localized with hookwires under CT guidance. Ten of 12 patients underwent thoracoscopic resection for diagnostic purposes, while the extant two patients underwent therapeutic wedge resection. In all patients prethoracoscopic hookwire positioning was successful. In 11 of 12 patients the lesion was accurately localized, while in the extant patient the wire tip was inserted deeper than the nodule. In 3 patients the wire was dislodged before surgery: in all of them a small hemorrhage developed on the visceral pleura and wedge resection was likewise possible. Four patients had a small pneumothorax which was not treated before surgery. In conclusion, percutaneous hookwire localization of peripheral lung lesions is an easy and efficacious technique and promotes thoracoscopy as a less invasive alternative to thoracotomy.

Topic: Lung Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment
Subfield: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences