jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Geologiczna tajemnica człowieka: Gustaw Herling-Grudziński i "Wielka choroba Europy"

Questions concerning the state of the European spirit and the place of the individual in the turbulent currents of the twentieth-century history are central to the work of Gustaw Herling-Grudziński. This article aims to trace the successive stages of the Polish writer’s literary and philosophical journey, with a particular focus on his intellectual relationship with Benedetto Croce. At the centre of this discussion is 'The Great Disease of Europe' – a fictitious book that serves as the thematic axis of the short story 'The Cemetery Wanderer'. The interwoven themes of the crisis of civilisation, the metaphysical and historical nature of evil, the pathology of madness and the sickness that afflicts Europe form the main threads of this analysis. Alongside these concerns, the notion of memory takes on particular significance; through the lens of Varlam Shalamov, it emerges as both an instrument of resistance and a path to uncovering the deepest, “geological” mysteries of human existence.

Topic: Central European Literary Studies
Subfield: Anthropology
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
The role of 18F-DOPA/18F-choline PET/CT in brain tumours

1828 Objectives Current imaging modalities as FDG PET/CT, MRI and MR spectroscopy (MRS) have some limitations, particularly with regard to differentiating tumor from radiation induced necrosis (RIN) and from normal cerebral metabolic uptake. 18F-DOPA/18F-choline PET/CT (FDOPA/FCH) seem to be useful diagnostic tools. Methods 12 patients were prospectively studied with FDOPA/FCH, performed between March 2011 and May 2012: 9 pts with gliomas (3 in staging and 6 in restaging) and 3 with brain metastasis (2 lung carcinomas and one breast cancer). In 6 pts in restaging MRI failed in differentiating tumour relapse from radiation induced necrosis: so they were studied with FDOPA/FCH PET/CT scan. Brain FDOPA/FCH was performed 10 minutes after iv injection of 3,5 MBq/Kg of 18F-FCH or 4 MBq/Kg of 18F-DOPA. FDOPA/FCH was compared with 99mTc-sestaMIBI SPECT/CT (SPECT/CT), MRI, CT and subsequent pathologic analysis. Results FDOPA/FCH was considered pathological in 12/12 (100%) patients. In one case FDOPA evidenced three lesions (right frontal lobe, left parasagittal frontal and corpus callosum lesion), MRI evidenced only two (right frontal lobe and corpus callosum lesion) and SPECT/CT only one (right frontal lobe) lesion. This case was re-studied with Radiology specialist. FDOPA/FCH and MRI in other cases had the same sensitivity. FDOPA/FCH had an overall sensitivity of 100% while MRI sensitivity was of 91%. The diagnostic accuracy of FDOPA/FCH was of 100% vs. MRI of 91%. Conclusions FCH PET/CT may offer a potential advantage in imaging of brain tumors, similar to MIBI SPECT/CT, but with higher spatial resolution. FDOPA PET/CT in recurrent gliomas treated with radiation therapy, seems to be a good tool, especially when MRI cannot differentiate tumour from radiation induced necrosis. FDOPA PET scan seems to have higher sensitivity than MRI. FDOPA/FCH PET/CT are optimal for imaging of both high and low grade tumors. Our early experience with FCH tracer in PET imaging is encouraging.

Topic: Medical Imaging Techniques and Applications
Subfield: Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Abnormal Ankle-Brachial Index and Risk of Cardiovascular and all-cause mortality in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a global health concern associated with an elevated risk of cardiovascular (CV) and all-cause mortality. The ankle-brachial index (ABI), a noninvasive diagnostic tool, is widely recognized for detecting peripheral arterial disease. This meta-analysis aims to assess whether abnormally low or high ABI values independently predict CV and all-cause mortality in CKD patients, including those on hemodialysis. Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, using PubMed, Cochrane, and Google Scholar databases through September 2024 to identify studies on abnormal ABI and mortality outcomes in CKD patients with or without hemodialysis. Data was analyzed with random-effects models, and subgroup analyses evaluated variations by patient characteristics, region, sample size, and follow-up duration. Results: The analysis included 10 cohort studies comprising 13,378 participants. ABI values between 0.9 and 1.3 were defined as normal. Individuals with abnormally low ABI (&lt;0.9) demonstrated a significantly higher incidence in CV mortality [hazard ratio (HR) = 2.23; confidence interval (CI), 1.75–2.83) and all-cause mortality (HR = 1.78; CI, 1.55–2.05). Those with high ABI ≥1.3 were associated with a 2.77-fold increase in CV mortality (HR = 2.77; CI, 1.74–4.41) and a 1.49 higher risk of all-cause mortality (HR = 1.49; CI, 1.09–2.02). Overall, abnormal ABI values were linked to a 1.74 higher risk of all-cause mortality (HR = 1.74; CI, 1.54–1.96) and a 2.34-fold increase in CV mortality (HR = 2.34; CI, 1.93–2.85). Subgroup analyses revealed higher mortality risks in hemodialysis patients compared with nondialysis CKD patients and in studies conducted in Asia. Conclusions: Abnormal ABI values show a U-shaped relationship with mortality, serving as strong predictors of CV and all-cause mortality in CKD patients, particularly those on hemodialysis. Since CV and all-cause mortality are high in CKD patients, these findings suggest that ABI measurement is a useful screening technique to assist in prognosticating such patients. Further studies are warranted to validate these findings and to better understand the prognostic utility of ABI across different CKD stages, including both dialysis-dependent and nondialysis CKD patients.

Topic: Peripheral Artery Disease Management
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Blogging in a Biostatistics and Research Design Graduate Dental Course: For Learning or Interaction?

The use of the Internet in health professions education has markedly increased in recent years. There is a need to understand the methods used by students to benefit from Internet‐based teaching methods, especially those initially designed to promote social interaction such as blogs. This study describes how students used a blog in a biostatistics and research design graduate dental course. The aims of the blog were to offer exercises to train students for the exam and to enhance interaction among students and between students and instructor. Some features of the blog were modified to suit the course. Posts and comments were counted and classified by type, and their time statistics were analyzed. Students filled out a questionnaire to indicate whether and how exactly they used the blog or reasons for not using it. The relation between final exam scores and different methods of using the blog was assessed. Most of the posts were by the instructor offering exercises and model answers, whereas most of the comments were by students answering the exercises. Students were significantly more satisfied with blog uses related to interaction than with uses related to exercises (9.15±1.19, 8.73±1.34, P=0.001). The most frequently cited reason for not using the blog was lack of time. The most frequently reported method of using the blog was reading exercises and answers without actively contributing to the blog. Methods of using the blog significantly associated with higher scores in the final exam were actively contributing to the blog by posts or comments and interacting with colleagues. The main advantage of using the blog was promoting interaction between students and instructor, which is essential for the success of online learning in particular and adult learning in general.

Topic: Social Media in Health Education
Subfield: Health
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
The Effect of a 21-Day Dry Immersion on Ponzo and Müller–Lyer Illusions

In the course of a 21-day Dry Immersion (DI), we studied the strength of Ponzo and Müller–Lyer visual illusions with the help of verbal response and two variants of the motor response by means of "tracking" (with the presence and absence of visual feedback). The studies were performed with the participation of ten subjects before the start of DI, on the 3rd, 10th, and 20th day of DI, as well as at the end of it. It was shown that DI mainly affects the motor response. Changes in reducing the strength of visual illusions were more pronounced for a more complex motor task performed in the absence of visual feedback. The results are in agreement with the data that we previously obtained under the conditions of a 5-day DI. One of the possible mechanisms of the observed changes in the illusions estimates may be hyperactivation of the dorsal visual pathway due to gravitational unloading.

Topic: Motor Control and Adaptation
Subfield: Cognitive Neuroscience
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences
Araneid orb-weavers (Araneae, Araneidae) associated with riparian forests in southern Brazil: a new species, complementary descriptions and new records

Rodrigues, Everton Nei Lopes, Mendonça, Milton De S. (2011): Araneid orb-weavers (Araneae, Araneidae) associated with riparian forests in southern Brazil: a new species, complementary descriptions and new records. Zootaxa 2759: 60-68, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.201134

Topic: Spider Taxonomy and Behavior Studies
Subfield: Genetics
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
RNU6-1 in circulating exosomes differentiates GBM from non-neoplastic brain lesions and PCNSL but not from brain metastases.

Background. Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common malignant primary brain tumor in adults. Circulating biomarkers may assist in the processes of differential diagnosis and response assessment. GBM cells release extracellular vesicles containing a subset of proteins and nucleic acids. We previously demonstrated that exosomes&#13;\nisolated from the serum of GBM patients had an increased expression of RNU6-1 compared to healthy subjects.&#13;\nIn this exploratory study, we investigated the role of this small noncoding RNA as a diagnostic biomarker for GBM&#13;\nversus other brain lesions with some potential radiological similarities.&#13;\nMethods. We analyzed the expression of RNU6-1 in circulating exosomes of GBM patients (n = 18), healthy controls (n = 30), and patients with subacute stroke (n = 30), acute/subacute hemorrhage (n = 30), acute demyelinating&#13;\nlesions (n = 18), brain metastases (n = 21), and primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL; n = 12) using&#13;\ndigital droplet PCR.&#13;\nResults. Expression of RNU6-1 was significantly higher in GBM patients than in healthy controls (P = .002).&#13;\nRNU6-1 levels were also significantly higher in exosomes from GBM patients than from patients with nonneoplastic lesions (stroke [P = .05], hemorrhage [P = .01], demyelinating lesions [P = .019]) and PCNSL (P = .004).&#13;\nIn contrast, no significant differences were found between patients with GBM and brain metastases (P = .573).&#13;\nReceiver operator characteristic curve analyses supported the role of this biomarker in differentiating GBM from subacute stroke, acute/subacute hemorrhage, acute demyelinating lesions, and PCNSL (P &lt; .05), but again&#13;\nnot from brain metastases (P = .575).

Topic: Coleoptera Taxonomy and Distribution
Subfield: Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Revision of the Microserica lineata Moser, 1915-group (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Sericini)

The species of the Microserica lineata Moser, 1915-group are revised. The species belonging to this group are characterized by the almost completely reduced left paramere, by the metafemur possessing a robust and continuously serrated line adjacent to the anterior margin, and by a phallobase with a extremely deep dorsomedian sinuation reaching almost the basal end of the phallobase. Two species, M. lineata Moser, 1915 and M. squamulata (Moser, 1915) comb. n., have been recognized to share these characters. Two additional new species, are described herein M. geberbauer sp. n., from Thailand, and M. crenatostriata sp. n., Meghalaya (India). A diagnostic key is given for the identification of the species. A lectotype is designated for M. squamulata.

Topic: Scarabaeidae Beetle Taxonomy and Biogeography
Subfield: Paleontology
Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences
Domain: Physical Sciences
Literature and Medicine: Clinical Symptoms of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder in Contemporary Iranian Fictions

Background: Some studies indicated that the study of stories in which physical or mental illnesses are described helps to better understand the patient and his/her sickness; but unfortunately, this approach is neglected in the Persian literature. Paying attention to this issue can increase the attractiveness of studying such literary works for the Iranian and non-Iranian audience and can grant new sights to readers, as well. Objectives: This research is conducted to describe and explain the symptoms of the PTSD in the characters of modern Persian fiction, based on the clinical symptoms. Methods: This is qualitative research. Seven characters from the seven stories were selected purposefully to fit the researcher’s goals. Then, they were analyzed according to the DSM-5 criteria. Results: The results indicated that the selected stories represent individuals with PTSD consistent with the clinical criteria for the diagnostic of the disorder. In these stories, the authors, in addition to describing clinical symptoms, have considered inheritance, gender, and cultural factors to create characters in accordance with the specifications of the people who have been damaged in the real world. Conclusions: Reading these stories can be useful due to applying descriptions based on clinical criteria for the diagnosis of this disorder (PTSD), and thanks to the use of literary language in representing the victim’s inner and spiritual status, are useful in creating an engagement resulting from a proper understanding of the person who is suffering from such disorder.

Topic: Empathy and Medical Education
Subfield: Psychiatry and Mental health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
[Electron transfer in hemoproteins. III. Physico-chemical characteristics of autoxidation of sperm whale oxymyoglobin].

The influence of pH, temperature and ionic strength on the autoxidation of sperm whale oxy-Mb is described and the data obtained are discussed. The process depends on the ionization of two groups with pKeff approximately or equal to 6. They are not accessible histidines of Mb. There are two parallel processes of autoxidation and each of them have a different temperature dependence. Two regions of ionic strength of opposite influence on the rats of autoxidation both at "low" (10 degrees C) and "high" (30 degrees C) temperatures were found.

Topic: Redox biology and oxidative stress
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
EFFECT OF PLANT GROWTH PROMOTING RHIZOBACTERIA AND NUTRIENT ON GASEOUS EXCHANGE AND YIELD OF CHICKPEA UNDER TROPOSPHERIC OZONE

An experiment was conducted during 2020-21 and 2021-22 under FACE (Free air concentration enrichment) to assess the effect of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) and nutrient on gaseous exchange and yield of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) under tropospheric ozone (O 3 ).Chickpea PUSA 3043 (Desi) crop grown with PGPR treated and untreated seed and three fertilizers doses (100% urea N, 75% urea N and 50% urea N) under ambient and elevated O 3 exposure.Gaseous exchange (Photosynthetic rate, Stomatal conductance, Transpiration rate) and yield (seed weight per plant) were negatively impacted under elevated ozone treatment.In seed yield under interaction treatment, the PGPR ameliorates the negative effects of elevated ozone by about 21% and 20% in both years.Thus, in our study the PGPR treated seed was able to ameliorate the negative impact of EO 3 exposure in chickpea crop.

Topic: Plant responses to elevated CO2
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Re-reading Indigenous cinema: criticism, white liberal guilt and otherness

In this paper, I will advance a critical perspective of some methodologies on appraising Indigenous films, in terms of their aesthetic as well as their cultural value. In doing this, I propose a cultural and textual approach that gives the films a context for which they can be critically understood. With a heavy emphasis on the political content of many Indigenous films, here I argue for a more critical pedagogical evaluation that considers the challenges of Indigenous films and problems that arise when we ignore to discuss them as 'cinema'. Through surveying a number of recent Indigenous films, and the criticism that surrounds them, I concentrate on how they can be better used as texts to enhance the study of world cinema and cultural issues of Aboriginality.

Topic: Cinema and Media Studies
Subfield: Economics and Econometrics
Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance
Domain: Social Sciences
Atomic-resolution observations of semicrystalline intergranular thin films in silicon nitride

Nanoscale intergranular films in doped silicon-nitride ceramics are known to markedly affect toughness and creep resistance. They are regarded as being fully amorphous, but are shown here to have a semicrystalline structure in a Ce-doped Si3N4. Using two different but complementary high-resolution electron-microscopy methods, the intergranular atomic structure, imaged with sub-angstrom resolution, reveals that segregated cerium ions take very periodic positions, along the intergranular-phase∕matrix-grain interface and as a semicrystalline structure spanning the width of the intergranular phase. This result has broad implications for the understanding of the structure and role of the intergranular phase in enhancing the mechanical properties of ceramics.

Topic: Semiconductor materials and devices
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
OUR EXPERIENCE WITH THE USE OF 40% BENZOIC ACID FOR NECRECTOMY IN DEEP BURNS.

After summarizing the observations, it was demonstrated that chemical necrectomy using 40% benzoic acid is a selective method comparable with other types of sharp necrectomy. Chemical necrectomy is inexpensive, easy to perform and also reduces blood loss. Toxicity of absorbed benzoic acid is clinically negligible. Furthermore, benzoic acids antimycotic and antibacterial properties prevent the development of wound infection.

Topic: Chemotherapy-related skin toxicity
Subfield: Dermatology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Fractional modeling dynamics of HIV and CD4+ T-cells during primary infection

In this paper, we introduce fractional-order into a model of HIV-1 infection of CD4+ T cells. We study the effect of the changing the average number of viral particles N with different sets of initial conditions on the dynamics of the presented model. Generalized Euler method (GEM) will be used to find a numerical solution of the HIV-1 infection fractional order model.

Topic: Fractional Differential Equations Solutions
Subfield: Modeling and Simulation
Field: Mathematics
Domain: Physical Sciences
Grant Writing: Practice and Preparation of University Health Educators

Abstract This national survey of health education faculty (n = 282) found that the vast majority (88%) had been awarded a grant in the past 5 years, usually in amounts of less than $10,000. Less than one in four had received grants of $250,000 or more. Although less than one in four faculty (23%) felt prepared to write grants immediately following graduation, four of five currently felt prepared to do so. Two barriers to grant writing were identified by a majority of faculty: heavy teaching loads (68%) and administrative or committee assignments (55%). Finally, 90% of the faculty thought grant writing should be part of formal graduate student training, yet only 65% reported offering grant writing training to their graduate students.

Topic: Health and Medical Research Impacts
Subfield: Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
An attempt at oberving X-ray magnetic Bragg scattering.

Characteristics of X-ray magnetic Bragg scattering are discussed. Synchrotron X-ray radiation is proved to be a suitable source for examining X-ray magnetic scattering by means of polarization analysis or resonance scattering. Some eminance in X-ray magnetic Bragg scattering is pointed out.

Topic: Crystallography and Radiation Phenomena
Subfield: Condensed Matter Physics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Low Complexity and High Accuracy Channel Interpolation with Dividing URA into Small URAs for 3D Massive MIMO

Massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) is a technology that uses many antennas at base station (BS), and can realize advanced beamforming and spatial multiplexing. However, since Massive MIMO has many antennas, there exist problems such as the increase of overhead including pilot signals used for channel estimation and feedback of channel state information (CSI). To reduce the overhead, there is a technique of transmitting pilot signals only from some antennas and obtaining channels of the remaining antennas by the minimum mean square error (MMSE) interpolation based on spatial correlation. In addition, to perform the MMSE interpolation with low computational complexity, there is a method of interpolating channels by dividing the uniform rectangular antenna array (URA) into the vertical and horizontal linear directions. However, there is a problem that channel interpolation accuracy becomes low with dividing into the linear arrays. In this paper, we propose a method of channel interpolation with dividing the entire URA into a set of smaller URAs where interpolation is performed in each URA. Through computer simulation we show that the proposed method reduces the computational complexity compared with that without dividing, and improves the channel interpolation accuracy compared with that with dividing into linear arrays.

Topic: Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Carers of People with Learning Disabilities, and their Experience of the 1995 Carers Act

This paper seeks to highlight the impact of the Carers (Recognition and Services) Act of 1995 on carers of people with learning disabilities. It draws on research conducted in the south west between 1997 and 1999, which examined the views and experiences of carers who had an assessment of their needs, together with those of the person they care for and the professional conducting the assessment. It concludes that the Carers Act is not widely used, or understood, by this group of carers. Recommendations for improving practice include changes to the current terminology, new triggers for a carer's needs assessment, and a greater input from other agencies, especially health services. Although the current paper focuses on the views and experiences of carers, an exploration of the Carers Act, and its effect on potential conflicts of interest with the person with learning disabilities, is available elsewhere (Williams and Robinson, 2001).

Topic: Healthcare innovation and challenges
Subfield: Education
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences