jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Calcium-Magnesium-Alumino-Silicates (CMAS) Reaction Mechanisms and Resistance of Advanced Turbine Environmental Barrier Coatings for SiC/SiC Ceramic Matrix Composites

Environmental barrier coatings (EBCs) and SiC/SiC ceramic matrix composites (CMCs) systems will play a crucial role in future turbine engines for hot-section component applications because of their ability to significantly increase engine operating temperatures, reduce engine weight and cooling requirements. The development of prime-reliant environmental barrier coatings is an essential requirement to enable the applications of the 2700-3000 F EBC - CMC systems. This presentation primarily focuses on the reaction mechanisms of advanced NASA environmental barrier coating systems, when in contact with Calcium-Magnesium Alumino-Silicates (CMAS) at high temperatures. Advanced oxide-silicate defect cluster environmental barrier coatings are being designed for ultimate balanced controls of the EBC temperature capability and CMAS reactivity, thus improving the CMAS resistance. Further CMAS mitigation strategies are also discussed.

Topic: Advanced ceramic materials synthesis
Subfield: Ceramics and Composites
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Reaction mechanism for the highly efficient catalytic decomposition of peroxynitrite by the amphipolar iron(<scp>iii</scp>) corrole<b>1-Fe</b>

The amphipolar iron(<sc>iii</sc>) corrole<bold>1-Fe</bold>is one of the most efficient catalysts for the decomposition of peroxynitrite, the toxin involved in numerous diseases.

Topic: Porphyrin and Phthalocyanine Chemistry
Subfield: Materials Chemistry
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Effects of mobility on dialect change: Introducing the linguistic mobility index

Increased geographical mobility prompts dialectologists to factor in survey participants' exposure to linguistic variation in their research. Changing mobility patterns (e.g. longer-distance commuting; easier relocation to distant places for work, study or marriage) have caused linguistic connections to become much more diverse, potentially contributing to the acceleration of dialect change. In this methodological work we propose the Linguistic Mobility Index (LMI) to estimate long-term exposure to dialectal variation and thereby to provide a reference of localness about survey participants. Based on data about a survey participant's linguistic biography, an LMI may comprise combinations of influential agents and environments, such as the dialects of parents and long-term partners, the places where participants have lived and worked, and the participants' level of education. We encapsulate the linguistic effects of these agents based on linguistic differences, the intensity and importance of the relationship. We quantify the linguistic effects in three steps. 1) The linguistic effect of an agent is represented by a linguistic distance, 2) This linguistic distance is weighted based on the intensity of the participant's exposure to the agent, and 3) Further weighted according to the relationship embodied by the agent. LMI is conceptualised and evaluated based on 500 speakers from 125 localities in the Swiss German Dialects Across Time and Space (SDATS) corpus, and guidance is provided for establishing LMI in other linguistic studies. For the assessment of LMI's applicability to other studies, four LMI prototypes are constructed based on the SDATS corpus, employing different theoretical considerations and combinations of influential agents and environments to simulate the availability of biographical data in other studies. Using mixed-effects modelling, we evaluate the utility of the LMI prototypes as predictors of dialect change between historic and contemporary linguistic data of Swiss German. The LMI prototypes successfully show that higher exposure to dialectal variation contributes to more dialect change and that its effect is stronger than some sociodemographic variables that are often tested for affecting dialect change (e.g. sex and educational background).

Topic: Linguistic Variation and Morphology
Subfield: Linguistics and Language
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Erratum regarding missing patient consent statement in previously published articles

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.tcr.2020.100293.][This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.tcr.2020.100304.][This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.tcr.2019.100276.][This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.tcr.2020.100292.][This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.tcr.2020.100277.][This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.tcr.2019.100272.][This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.tcr.2020.100308.][This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.tcr.2019.100269.][This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.tcr.2020.100307.][This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.tcr.2020.100288.][This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.tcr.2019.100271.][This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.tcr.2020.100286.].

Topic: Biomedical Ethics and Regulation
Subfield: Physiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
A sheep in wolf's clothing

<h3>Objective</h3> We examined the usefulness and safety of high tip stiffness cardiac microguidewires in the endovascular revascularization of selected cases of internal carotid artery (ICA) occlusion. <h3>Methods</h3> Files of patients with acute ischemic symptoms due to ICA occlusions managed from August 2010 to August 2016 by urgent endovascular revascularization were retrospectively reviewed with a waiver of informed consent. Cases where there was escalation to stiff tipped cardiovascular microguidewires after at least two failed attempts to cross the carotid occlusion with standard neuro-microguidewires were included. Radiological and interventional data were recorded. <h3>Results</h3> 63 patients with acute carotid occlusions underwent emergent endovascular revascularization in the study period; 5/63 patients met the inclusion criteria. In 4/5 patients, there was no angiographic evidence of the remnant origin of the ICA; in 1/5 there was a wide round shaped proximal calcified cap that precluded soft guidewire entry. In all cases, antegrade wiring was achieved only after switching to stiffer guidewires designed for the management of chronic cardiac occlusions. The use of these stiffer tip wires was considered of critical importance in achieving the successful performance of the ICA revascularization procedure. In all patients, revascularization was achieved, and 90 day modified Rankin Scale score ranged from 0 to 2. <h3>Conclusions</h3> When regular neuro-guidewires do not allow antegrade wiring in cases of ICA occlusion, wire escalation to high tip stiffness guidewires may improve success. These wires, designed to deal with chronic total coronary occlusions, can serve as a platform for new neuro-guidewires to be used in the challenging field of resistant supra-aortic occlusions.

Topic: Aortic aneurysm repair treatments
Subfield: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Developing a Web Platform to Optimize the Self-Management of People Living with a Chronic Respiratory Disease

Purpose: The purpose of this article is to describe the development of a new Web platform to optimize self-management after pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) for persons living with a chronic respiratory disease (CRD) and to present data on its usability. Method: The Web platform is informed by a theoretical framework of behaviour changes and concepts of self-management and self-efficacy. It uses breathing exercises and a logbook and is meant to be a self-management tool. Usability was tested for 8 months after PR with a group consisting of five patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and one with pulmonary fibrosis. We evaluated adherence (e.g., number of exercise/weeks), quality of life, dyspnoea, and functional capacity. We measured frequency count for adherence and pre–post differences per patient for clinical outcomes. Results: Four participants’ adherence was higher than 50% of completed exercises (72 exercise/weeks). Five of six participants showed maintenance of functional capacity (6-minute walk test) 8 months after PR. Four participants showed maintenance of their quality of life. Four participants showed a deterioration in dyspnoea on the Borg Scale of Perceived Exertion. Conclusions: We developed a new theory-informed Web platform to optimize self-management after PR for persons living with a CRD. The pilot Web platform appears to optimize adherence to self-management techniques and possibly stabilize people’s health outcomes.

Topic: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Research
Subfield: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
QUANTIFICATION OF STRATEGIC PLANNING, PLANNING EFFECTIVENESS AND BUSINESS UNIT PERFORMANCE EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE FROM A GERMAN STUDY 1

One of the major contributions of management accountants to corporate planning lies in the quantification of planning processes. Quantification is a key design parameter of planning. While it is usually assumed that operative planning occurs on a quantitative basis, opinions on strategic planning are divided. On the one hand, significant knowledge limitations appear to restrict quantification, whereas on the other hand, quantification is demanded (also within the context of current concepts such as shareholder value). However, little evidence of the impact of quantification on planning effectiveness and company or business unit performance as well as the factors that determine a higher or lower degree of quantification in strategic planning, has been collected so far. Thus, this paper aims to examine empirically the relationship between the quantification of strategic planning, its determinants, the effectiveness of planning, and business unit performance in German companies. In order to do this, relevant hypotheses will be derived, and these will then be empirically examined using mean difference tests and structural equation modeling (LISREL).

Topic: Accounting and Organizational Management
Subfield: Management Information Systems
Field: Business, Management and Accounting
Domain: Social Sciences
CCDC 984073: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.

Topic: X-ray Diffraction in Crystallography
Subfield: Materials Chemistry
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Sodium channel blockade unmasked Brugada electrocardiographic pattern in a patient with complete right bundle branch block and early repolarization in the lateral leads

Key Clinical Message Early repolarization syndrome ( ERS ) and Brugada syndrome (BrS) share many electrocardiographic and clinical features, and recently have been collectively grouped as J wave syndrome. However, the effects of sodium channel blockers on the J waves differ greatly between ERS and BrS.

Topic: Cardiac electrophysiology and arrhythmias
Subfield: Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Effects of Dose-Dependent Sleep Disruption on Fear and Reward Responses

Abstract : This is an annual progress report for the funding period between 03/01/2013 to 02/27/2014. We have met our enrollment targets for Year 2, although some participants cancelled experimental procedures or were unable to tolerate the sleep manipulation. We have initiated preliminary and ancillary data analyses, and 2 abstracts have been prepared to submission to national scientific meetings. Data monitoring, management, review, and processing are conducted on an ongoing basis, and reviewed weekly.

Topic: Sleep and Wakefulness Research
Subfield: Cognitive Neuroscience
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences
Associations between residual hyperarousal and insomnia symptoms in veterans following a 2‐week intensive outpatient program for posttraumatic stress disorder

Abstract Many returning military service members and veterans who were deployed following the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks (9/11) suffer from posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and insomnia. Although intensive treatment programs for PTSD have shown promise in the treatment of PTSD symptoms, recent research has demonstrated that sleep disturbance shows little improvement following intensive trauma‐focused treatment. The aim of the present study was to evaluate changes in self‐reported insomnia symptoms among veterans and service members following participation in a 2‐week intensive program for PTSD. We further aimed to investigate if residual PTSD symptoms, specifically hyperarousal, were associated with residual insomnia symptoms. Participants ( N = 326) completed self‐report assessments of insomnia, PTSD symptoms, and depressive symptoms at pre‐ and posttreatment. At pretreatment, 73.9% of participants ( n = 241) met the criteria for moderate or severe insomnia, whereas at posttreatment 67.7% of participants ( n = 203) met the criteria. Results of paired t tests demonstrated statistically significant differences between pre‐ and posttreatment Insomnia Severity Index scores; however, the effect size was small, d = 0.34. Analyses revealed that posttreatment hyperarousal symptoms were associated with posttreatment insomnia. These findings suggest that although an intensive program for service members and veterans with PTSD may significantly reduce insomnia symptoms, clinically meaningful residual insomnia symptoms remain. Further research is warranted to elucidate the association between residual hyperarousal and insomnia symptoms following intensive trauma‐focused treatment.

Topic: Sleep and related disorders
Subfield: Experimental and Cognitive Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Systematic differences in the trend towards earlier ice-out on Swedish lakes along a latitudinal temperature gradient

The longest observational time series available for studying the effects of historical climate change on lakes are those of the timing of ice cover (i.e., calendar dates of ice-in and ice-out each year). In Sweden, systematic observations of ice-out on lakes began around 1870, although single observations exist that date back considerably longer (ERIKSSON 1920). The longest continuous time-series of ice-out dates in Sweden is available from Västeråsfjärden, a basin of Lake Mälaren, where observations began as early as 1712 (EKLUND 1999). Such long-term data series are extremely valuable, not only for long-term regional limnological studies, but also for studying climate variability and climate change. As MAGNUSON et al. (2000a) indicated, lake ice cover is a powerful indicator of past and present climate, since its response to variations in air temperature is rapid and predictable. The timing of ice-out is important for many biogeochemical processes in lakes because it affects lake chemistry in winter (JÄRVINEN et al. 2002) and the occurrence and composition of the phytoplankton bloom in spring (WEYHENMEYER et al. 1999, GERTEN &amp; ADRIAN 2000). In particular, because the timing of ice-out affects lake oxygen conditions (LIVINGSTONE 1993), it can have a critical effect on the occurrence of winter fish kills (GREENBANK 1945, BARICA &amp; MATHIAS 1979). The intention of the present study was to determine the magnitude of recent trends in the timing of ice-out on Swedish lakes and to explain any regional differences found.

Topic: Geology and Paleoclimatology Research
Subfield: Atmospheric Science
Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences
Domain: Physical Sciences
Metabolic Characterization And Follow Up Of Adult Patients Affected By Osteogenesis Imperfecta In Long-Term Treatment With Neridronic Acid

Aims: Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a rare inherited disorder causing low bone density and increased fragility. Bisphosphonates (BP) are a treatment of choice for OI. Few studies have investigated the long-term effects of BP in OI patients. Thus, aim of our study was to follow up adults affected by OI to evaluate changes in metabolic, clinical situation and safety of long-term neridronic acid therapy, BP authorized for OI treatment. Study design: Longitudinal observational study. Place and duration of the Study: Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Medical Pathophysiology, Endocrinology and Nutrition. Year: 2004 - October 2010. Methodology: 68 patients underwent clinical examination, laboratory endocrine/ metabolic, pro-inflammatory cytokines screening, ECG at baseline and every 3 months and bone mineral density evaluation, by DEXA, once a year. Results: Skeletal evaluation showed a significant increase of BMD through follow up. Patients were evaluated for metabolic and cardiovascular risk factors, which were unmodified by long-term therapy. Conclusion: Long-term neridronic acid treatment increases bone density, does not alter metabolic parameters indicating that this therapy can be considered safe and a valid therapeutic option for OI patients.

Topic: Connective tissue disorders research
Subfield: Genetics
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Autonomous Observing and Control Systems for PAIRITEL, a 1.3m Infrared\n Imaging Telescope

The Peters Automated Infrared Imaging Telescope (PAIRITEL) is the first\nmeter-class telescope operating as a fully robotic IR imaging system. Dedicated\nin October 2004, PAIRITEL began regular observations in mid-December 2004 as\npart of a 1.5 year commissioning period. The system was designed to respond\nwithout human intervention to new gamma-ray burst transients: this milestone\nwas finally reached on November 9, 2005 but the telescope had a number of\nsemi-automated sub-10 minute responses throughout early commissioning. When not\noperating in Target of Opportunity mode, PAIRITEL performs a number of queue\nscheduled transient monitoring campaigns. To achieve this level of automation,\nwe have developed communicating tools to connect the various sub-systems: an\nintelligent queue scheduling database, run-time configurable observation\nsequence software, a data reduction pipeline, and a master state machine which\nmonitors and controls all functions within and affecting the observatory.\n

Topic: Gamma-ray bursts and supernovae
Subfield: Astronomy and Astrophysics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Emergent chiral symmetry in non-bipartite kagome and pyrochlore lattices with spin-orbit coupling

Chiral symmetry in energy bands appears as perfectly symmetric anti-bonding and bonding pairs of energy levels. It has only been observed in a few classes of models with a bipartite lattice structure or Bogoliubov-de-Gennes systems having the pairwise basis. We show that the non-bipartite kagome and pyrochlore lattices can host chiral symmetric bands when the strong spin-orbit coupling is introduced. There, the electrons hop to their neighbors by always converting the spin orientation up-side-down, which allows the up and down spin bases to form fictitious bipartite connections. The gauge invariant Wilson loop operator defined on a triangular unit serves as a marker to detect the presence of chiral symmetry, and using this property, the chiral operator is constructed. This allows us to access their topological symmetry classes that can easily change with small perturbations.

Topic: Advanced Condensed Matter Physics
Subfield: Condensed Matter Physics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Skip-Thought Vectors

We describe an approach for unsupervised learning of a generic, distributed sentence encoder. Using the continuity of text from books, we train an encoder-decoder model that tries to reconstruct the surrounding sentences of an encoded passage. Sentences that share semantic and syntactic properties are thus mapped to similar vector representations. We next introduce a simple vocabulary expansion method to encode words that were not seen as part of training, allowing us to expand our vocabulary to a million words. After training our model, we extract and evaluate our vectors with linear models on 8 tasks: semantic relatedness, paraphrase detection, image-sentence ranking, question-type classification and 4 benchmark sentiment and subjectivity datasets. The end result is an off-the-shelf encoder that can produce highly generic sentence representations that are robust and perform well in practice. We will make our encoder publicly available.

Topic: Topic Modeling
Subfield: Artificial Intelligence
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Impacts of Priors on Convergence and Escape from Nash Inflation. Working paper

Abstract. Recent papers have analyzed how economies with adaptive agents may converge to and escape from self-confirming equilibria. These papers have imputed to agents a particular prior about drifting coefficients. In the context of a model of monetary policy, this paper analyzes dynamics that govern both convergence and escape under a more general class of priors for the government. We characterize how the shape of the prior influences possible cycles, convergence, and escapes. There are priors for which the E-stability condition is not enough to assure local convergence to a self-confirming equilibrium. Our analysis also isolates the source of differences in the sustainability of Ramsey inflation encountered in the analyses of Sims (1988) and Chung (1990), on the one hand, and Cho, Williams, and Sargent (2002), on the other. Key Words: Self-confirming equilibrium, mean dynamics, escape route, large deviation, natural rate of unemployment, adaptation, priors. ‘The Bourbons remember everything and learn nothing.’ Charles Maurice de Talleyrand 1.

Topic: Transplantation: Methods and Outcomes
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Reproductive function in women with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus

In recent years, there has been increasing scientific interest in studying reproductive disorders in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM), which is associated with advances in the treatment of the disease, which can significantly increase the life expectancy of patients with diabetes, maximally delay the onset and progression of severe complications of the disease, as well as that the risk of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in the offspring was much lower than previously thought.&#x0D; A fairly high frequency of menstrual irregularities, infertility, an increase in the pathology of pregnancy and childbirth, and a significant reduction in the fertility period in women with diabetes mellitus are noted in the literature.&#x0D; Similar violations are found, according to literature 1'01. In ’/ 3 sick women. Amenorrhea in women of reproductive age is observed 2 times more often than in the population. Spontaneous abortions were noted 1.3 times more often, the birth rate in patients with diabetes is 1.59, while normally it is 1.89.

Topic: Gestational Diabetes Research and Management
Subfield: Obstetrics and Gynecology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences