jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
INFLUENCE OF PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS ON SEEDLINGS MORPHOGENESIS AND LABORATORY SEED GERMINATION OF WINTER PEA OF VARIETY NS MOROZ

The introduction of winter pea into the agricultural production is a priority direct of the plant growing because of a several advantages of winter pea over the spring pea: regular harvest of grain and green mass; protection of soil from wind and water erosion; effective use of moderate temperatures and humidity of late autumn and early spring periods. The purpose of our work was to show the results of studies of the influence of growth regulators on the laboratory seed germination and morphometric parameters of seedlings of winter pea. The studies were conducted on the culture of winter pea of variety NS Moroz. Presowing treatment of pea seeds was performed with aqueous solutions of Gumifild (0,2 %) and Endophyt-L1 (0,2 %), and with water in the control. In the process of research, the germination energy and laboratory germination of seeds, the linear sizes of the hypocotyl and the main root of the seedlings, the dry mass of seedlings and roots were determined. It was established that preparations Endophyt-L1 and Gumifild increased the laboratory germination of the seed and germination energy. Under the influence of the drug Endophyt-L1 germination energy increased by 12 % and laboratory germination of seeds – by 8 %. The application of Gumifild was more efficient, because the germination energy in this experimental variant increased by 16 % and the general germination of seeds – by 11 %. The number of normally developed seedlings (with a length of 0,5-1,0 cm) in the variant with the using of Endophyt-L1 was 42,8, with the using of Gumifild – 46. There were 36,2 seedlings in control. It was established that the use of the drugs of stimulating action has led to changes in the morphogenesis of seedlings of winter pea culture. The preparations caused the lengthening of the hypocotyl and the main root of the young plants. Growth regulators increased the damp weight of hypocotyls and roots of the winter pea seedlings. The best effect was found in the pre-sowing treatment of seeds with Gumifild (0,2 %). When comparing the two used preparations, it should be noted that the application of the natural plant growth stimulator Gumifild on the seeds of winter pea of variety of NS Moroz was more effective than the using of the broad-spectrum plant growth stimulator Endophyt-L1. The search of the ways to increase the level of productivity of winter peas aimed at the study of technology of cultivation of Frost variety with the introduction of new methods and the use of plant growth regulators with different mechanisms of action and inoculation by symbiotic bacteria.

Topic: Plant Growth and Agriculture Techniques
Subfield: Soil Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Neuropeptide Y mobilizes Ca2+ and inhibits adenylate cyclase in human erythroleukemia cells

Neuropeptide Y (NPY), a peptide often coreleased with catecholamines, appears to be an important component of the sympathetic nervous system, but little is known about the molecular basis of its action. We introduce here human erythroleukemia (HEL) cells as a new model system for studies of NPY action. NPY inhibited adenosine 3,5'-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP) accumulation in HEL cells with a 50% effective concentration (EC50) of 3 nM. Additionally NPY increased intracellular Ca2+, as assessed by fura-2 fluorescence, with a similar EC50. Pretreatment with pertussis toxin blocked both responses, suggesting the involvement of one or more G proteins. Chelating extracellular Ca2+ with EGTA did not reduce the Ca2+ signal, demonstrating mobilization from intracellular stores rather than influx. Experiments with various agents demonstrated that the Ca2+ mobilization was not secondary to lowering of cAMP levels, formation of arachidonic acid products, or Na+-H+ exchange. Ca2+ mobilization also did not appear to be associated with inositol phosphate generation. In conclusion, we demonstrate for the first time that NPY, in addition to inhibiting adenylate cyclase, also can elevate intracellular Ca2+. HEL cells should prove useful in further studies of the molecular basis of NPY action.

Topic: Neuropeptides and Animal Physiology
Subfield: Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences
HIV Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) purchase patterns and STI occurrence among Israeli men: A cohort analysis

<h4>Background</h4> HIV Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is the regular use of antiretroviral medication by people who are not infected with HIV to prevent seroconversion. Israel approved PrEP for continuous use in 2017, and Israeli Health Maintenance Organizations (HMO) offered PrEP with a copayment to eligible members. <h4>Methodology</h4> This retrospective cohort study included all people who were dispensed PrEP between September 2017 to June 2019 in the second largest HMO in Israel. Statistical analysis, including Kaplan Meier, was conducted to evaluate user PrEP purchase, adherence to medical follow-up, and clinical outcomes. <h4>Results</h4> In total, a cohort of 757 PrEP users were followed for 657.8 person-years. All but one user were male; median age was 35 years. At baseline, 0.8% had gonorrhea and 1.5% had chlamydia infections and 4.4% had recent syphilis infection. Continuous use of PrEP (without interruption/discontinuation) was observed in 29.9%, while 39.9% interrupted and 30.3% discontinued use. Median time to first interruption/discontinuation was 4.0 months. At 6–12 months after initiation, 79.8% of users had a documented HIV test, 77.3% a Chlamydia-Gonorrhea panel, and 78.9% a creatinine test. There was one new case of HIV among the cohort, five months after PrEP discontinuation. Estimated first-year infection rates were 5.0%, 8.6% and 6.8% for gonorrhea, chlamydia and first-time syphilis, respectively. <h4>Conclusions</h4> This study shows heterogeneous PrEP purchase patterns and required medical follow-up, and an increase in STIs among consistent PrEP users. Improving adherence to recommended medical follow-up during PrEP use is essential in PrEP’s integration into Israel’s national HIV prevention strategy.

Topic: Hermeneutics and Narrative Identity
Subfield: Philosophy
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Protein Restriction Diet as an Essential Tool in Treating Uremia: Myth or Truth?

Protein restriction diet is not always accepted by every nephrologist, even though one century has been passed since such a nutritional therapy was introduced as one of the strategies against uremia. One reason might be that nutritional therapies, in contrast to drug therapies, require a longer observation period and are more difficult to use in a randomized controlled trial (RCT) to evaluate their effectiveness. At least, protein restriction has been revealed to be certainly effective in chronic renal failure except for polycystic kidney disease and diabetic nephropathy, based on the accumulated results obtained by meta- analysis, RCT and cohort studies. Another reason why some physicians hesitate to restrict protein, might be attributable to dialysis therapy; an already established procedure in the treatment of uremia, even though it is expensive and its availability is restricted. Another issue, which should be resolved in the future, is whether protein restriction diet before dialysis improves the overall prognosis of uremic patients. In any case, it is true that nutritional support, as well as drug therapies, is a mainstream treatment for uremia.

Topic: Dialysis and Renal Disease Management
Subfield: Nephrology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Nematicidal Amendments and Soil Remediation

The intensification of agriculture has created concerns about soil degradation and toxicity of agricultural chemicals to non-target organisms. As a result, there is great urgency for discovering new ecofriendly tools for pest management and plant nutrition. Botanical matrices and their extracts and purified secondary metabolites have received much research interest, but time-consuming registration issues have slowed their adoption. In contrast, cultural practices such as use of plant matrices as soil amendments could be immediately used as plant protectants or organic fertilizers. Herein, we focus on some types of soil amendments of botanical origin and their utilization for nematicidal activity and enhancement of plant nutrition. The mode of action is discussed in terms of parasite control as well as plant growth stimulation.

Topic: Nematode management and characterization studies
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Energy Expenditures Requirement in Low Coal Mines

A biomechanical and work physiology study was conducted on low coal miners. The biomechanical analysis consisted of comparing the anthropometric and isometric strength characteristics of miners to other populations; the work physiology portion consisted of identifying demanding tasks via a task analysis, determining energy requirements for demanding tasks, and determining percentage of VO 2 max required for demanding tasks. Miners show increased musculature of those body segments most stressed in their work environment and few differences in strength compared to other groups. Highly demanding tasks identified were roof bolting, timbering, miner and bolter helper, shoveling, stoopwalking, and crawling. Energy expenditure estimates on underground tasks indicate that these tasks fall under the category of heavy work. Miners work up to 66% of their physical work capacity when performing their underground tasks. Work and rest schedules based on predicted endurance times for both male and female miners is discussed, along with biomechanical stresses on the body for certain tasks.

Topic: Occupational Health and Safety Research
Subfield: Radiological and Ultrasound Technology
Field: Health Professions
Domain: Health Sciences
[Aspects of the enzymatic evaluation in Plasmodium falciparum malaria infection].

To try to find effects of malaria on clinical serum activity of certain enzymes, 3 groups of infants--malarial, asymptomatic carrier and normal controls--have been designed. Parasitologic data have been compared with serum concentration of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), Hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase (HBDH) alanine aminotransferase (ALT), gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT) and 5'nucleotidase (5'Nu). Results show that only LDH and HBDH are significantly increased. Respective coefficients of correlation r = 0.32 (p < 0.05) and r = 0.39 (p < 0.01) show that increasing in LDH and HBDH are linked to malarial parasite density. LDH and HBDH increasing might therefore constitute a marker of malaria.

Topic: Metabolism and Genetic Disorders
Subfield: Clinical Biochemistry
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Material design of nanocellulose/polymer composites via Pickering emulsion templating

Abstract Cellulose nanofiber (CNF) is a crystalline fiber composed of a bundle of cellulose molecular chains and is expected to be used as a new biomass-derived nanomaterial. The CNF has a unique morphology: a few to tens of nanometer width and a submicrometer to micrometer length. Its application to various materials, in particular its utilization as a polymer reinforcing material, has been anticipated due to its excellent mechanical properties. However, CNFs and plastics are generally hard to mix, and thus, it is difficult to combine them at the nanolevel. In this review, we describe the CNF/polymer nanocompositing process from Pickering emulsion. We use ~3 nm-wide wood-derived CNFs and report on the preparation of CNF/polymer homogenous composite films. We also introduce a new type of CNF/polymer composite, a core-shell microparticle, using this Pickering emulsion as a template.

Topic: Advanced Cellulose Research Studies
Subfield: Biomaterials
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Unusual complications of percutaneous epicardial access and epicardial mapping and ablation of cardiac arrhythmias

Background— Percutaneous epicardial access and mapping/ablation of cardiac arrhythmias are being increasingly performed. Although complications such as pericardial effusion are relatively common, other unusual complications may occur due to the complex anatomic architecture of the heart and surrounding tissues. In this report, we report a series of rare and unusual complications related to percutaneous epicardial procedures.

Methods and Results— Between 2006 and 2011, 334 patients underwent attempts at percutaneous, subxiphoid access for epicardial mapping/ablation at 5 experienced centers. Seven selected complications are highlighted in this case series. Patient 1 had a 1-cm right ventricular pseudoaneurysm after several unsuccessful attempts at epicardial access. This was successfully managed conservatively. Patient 2 had intra-abdominal bleeding related to puncture of the left lobe of the liver during access that required surgical repair. Patient 3 had a subcapsular hepatic hematoma that was probably related to percutaneous access and was successfully managed conservatively. Patient 4 had severe pericardial bleeding followed by ventricular fibrillation, immediately after obtaining percutaneous epicardial access. A lacerated middle cardiac vein was repaired surgically. However, the patient ultimately died of complications. Patient 5 had a history of cardiothoracic surgery and developed a right ventricle-abdominal fistula after multiple attempts at percutaneous access. This was surgically repaired without major sequelae. Patient 6 had cardiac tamponade caused by a lacerated coronary sinus branch during epicardial catheter ablation and required surgical repair. Patient 7 had severe left coronary vasospasm and ventricular fibrillation during catheter manipulation in the pericardium. This complication was successfully managed with intracoronary nitrates.

Conclusions— Though generally safe, percutaneous epicardial access and mapping/ablation can result in uncommon complications. Awareness of these rare complications may facilitate early detection and successful management.

Topic: Cardiac Arrhythmias and Treatments
Subfield: Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Sensing and quantification of gatifloxacin in real wastewater effluents using solid-contact ion-selective membranes

Purpose: To determine gatifloxacin hydrochloride (GTF) levels in real wastewater effluents.Methods: In the last few years, the application of membrane-sensitive electrodes in the analysis of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) has become a topic of paramount importance. Two ionselective electrodes (ISEs) were fabricated using phosphotungstic acid (PTA) and sodium tetraphenylborate (TPB) as ion combining principles, for selective cum sensitive determination of gatifloxacin hydrochloride (GTF) in factory wastewater effluents. The membranes were successfully fabricated, and their performance was optimized. A validation scheme that followed IUPAC guidelines was implemented in the application of the sensors for sensitive determination of gatifloxacin hydrochloride.Results: The fabricated membranes quantified the studied drug in a concentration range of 1 – 104 μM, with GTF-PTA and GTF-TPB electrodes showing gradients of 56.6 ± 0.40 and 57.8 ± 0.50 mV/decade, respectively. The fabricated sensors showed excellent working criteria in a pH range of one to five. A validation scheme was applied to the proposed method with respect to accuracy, robustness, and ruggedness. The suggested analytical procedure was effectively used for sensitive quantification of GTF in bulk form and in actual industrial water effluents.Conclusion: The proposed method has been efficiently applied for the determination of GTF in wastewater samples without any sample pretreatment.

Topic: Analytical Chemistry and Sensors
Subfield: Bioengineering
Field: Chemical Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Editorial: New manpower for family planning services.

In some isolated family planning services innovative uses of new professional manpower are being demonstrated. With specialized training, the paramedical personnel are performing full gynecological screening examinations under the supervision of physicians, serving as clinic administrators, and providing counseling and educative services. Currently not enough funds are being allocated to manpower development. In 1973 only 3% of federal funds for family planning services were earmarked for this endeavor. There also is an unwillingness of a large percentage of medical and health professionals to accept the potential roles of the new professionals as well as to come to grips with the concept of "consumer participation". This consumer involvement is necessary in developing a system that is responsive to the patient's needs. Training periods vary for the new professionals from a few weeks to 3 years to prepare Physicians' Assistants. In a 20 week course individuals have been trained to recognize and differentiate normal and abnormal breast and pelvic findings and to provide family planning and cancer screening services including full pelvic exams and insertion of the IUD. Over 100 new professionals who function as in-hospital family planning counselors and community education technicians in a New York City program were trained through the laboratory method approach. The key to the performance of the new professionals in the clinic is proper supervision and good communication between them and the traditionally trained professionals. Some of the dead-end restrictions which characterize so many of the new positions can be removed if efforts are made within each program to provide in-service training or released time for employees to attend seminars, workshops, of courses at suitable institutions to foster growth and mobility.

Topic: Global Maternal and Child Health
Subfield: Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Analysis of Human miRNAs, Gene Targets and Diseases Network

Micro-RNAs are small non-coding RNAs having important biological functions such as gene regulation and disease causality.Network analysis on miRNA-related network can help understanding gene regulation mechanism and propose cures for miRNAs related diseases.In this paper, we integrated miRNA-related data from three state of the art databases, miRTarBase, miRBase and HMDD v2.0 to construct a human miRNAs, gene targets and diseases network.We then performed network statistics analysis, disease cluster analysis and gene-disease association analysis on the network.The results show that there are community structures in the network, similar disease are associated with similar miRNAs with enriched biological functions and gene-disease pairs connected by multiple paths in the network and are more likely to have biological association.

Topic: MicroRNA in disease regulation
Subfield: Cancer Research
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Polyphemus Moth Antheraea polyphemus (Cramer) (Insecta: Lepidoptera: Saturniidae: Saturniinae)

The polyphemus moth, Antheraea polyphemus (Cramer), is one of our largest and most beautiful silk moths. It is named after Polyphemus, the giant cyclops from Greek mythology who had a single large, round eye in the middle of his forehead. The name is because of the large eyespots in the middle of the moth’s hind wings. This 9-page fact sheet was written by Donald W. Hall and published by the UF Department of Entomology and Nematology, August 2012. EENY-531/IN945: Polyphemus Moth Antheraea polyphemus (Cramer) (Insecta: Lepidoptera: Saturniidae: Saturniinae) (ufl.edu)

Topic: Bat Biology and Ecology Studies
Subfield: Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Near-infrared Imaging of Breast Cancer Using Intrinsic and Extrinsic Contrast Agents

Breast cancer is the most common malignancy among women in industrialized countries. Optical imaging using intrinsic and extrinisic contrasts is a promising technique for breast cancer detection and differentiation between benign and malignant breast lesions. Article not available.

Topic: Spectroscopy Techniques in Biomedical and Chemical Research
Subfield: Biophysics
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Observations on the role of the Rh factor in human disease, with particular reference to mental deficiency

The study of the Rh Factor in all its ramifications is an&#13;\nextraordinarily fascinating one, and the discovery of its&#13;\npresence in human blood has lead to far -reaching consequences.&#13;\nMany workers on both sides of the Atlantic have done intensive&#13;\nresearch work on this subject since the discovery of the factor&#13;\nwas first published in 1940. The great majority of these&#13;\nworkers have been concerned essentially with its influence on physical disease, the mental aspects being either ignored&#13;\nentirely or only lightly touched upon.

Topic: Diet and metabolism studies
Subfield: Physiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Intersexual Selection and Reproductive Success in the Pheasant Phasianus colchicus

Some recent sexual selection models predict that female choice in species without paternal care may function to discriminate among males in order to pass "good genes" to offspring. Data quantifying the relationship between female mate choice and reproductive success are scarce. In a Swedish population of pheasants females prefer to mate with long-spurred males. Male viability also correlates with male spur length. We used DNA fingerprinting to measure individual pheasants' reproductive success in terms of both hatchlings and surviving offspring. The data show that long-spurred males sired more hatchlings and surviving offspring and also that the females' production of surviving offspring correlated with their mate's spur length. The analyses also indicate that offspring of females who mated with long-spurred males experienced an increased survival rate.

Topic: Animal Behavior and Reproduction
Subfield: Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
ADULT PLANT REACTION TO STEM RUST OF LINES OF MARQUIS WHEAT WITH SUBSTITUTED GENES FOR RESISTANCE

The adult plant reactions to eight races of stem rust were determined for nine lines of Marquis wheat carrying identified genes for stem rust resistance, three lines of the variety Chinese into which single chromosomes of Red Egyptian had been substituted, and six parental varieties. The adult plant reactions of the Marquis lines carrying the genes Sr6, Sr7, and Sr8 resembled the seedling reactions. The Marquis line carrying Sr9a from Kenya 117A and Sr9b from Red Egyptian were similar in adult plant reaction although they differed in seedling reaction to a culture of race 29-1 (Can.). Two lines of Marquis carrying Sr10 were resistant in the adult stage to races 56 and 29-1 (Can.) which can attack them in the seedling stage. The reactions of the substitution lines and the Marquis lines carrying the same genes were similar, although the substitution lines were more susceptible to some races.

Topic: Wheat and Barley Genetics and Pathology
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences