jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Groove Pancreatitis: A Rare Form of Chronic Pancreatitis

Introduction: Groove Pancreatitis is an uncommon form of chronic pancreatitis. Its presentation is very similar to pancreatic head adenocarcinoma and its diagnosis is extremely challenging. EUS FNA is generally inconclusive therefore most patients eventually require surgery. Case Presentation: A 57 year old male with a history of HIV, Hepatitis B and Fournier gangrene presented with four days of epigastric pain. He was mildly tachycardic and had dry mucous membranes. Abdominal exam revealed absent bowel sounds and epigastric tenderness. Laboratory evaluation revealed a creatinine of 1.72 mg/dL, potassium of 2.9mmol/L and a normal lipase level of 86 U/L. Liver enzymes and total bilirubin were normal. CT imaging of his abdomen and pelvis showed high grade obstruction of the second portion of the duodenum without any obvious mass. EGD showed a mass at the duodenal bulb causing luminal narrowing. Biopsies of were negative for malignancy. MRI of the abdomen revealed a mass in the region of the pancreatic head and descending duodenum. PET scan demonstrated hypermetabolic activity of the mass without lymph node involvement. CEA and CA 19-9 were normal. EUS revealed a 3 cm mass in the region of pancreatic head with irregular borders and no vascular invasion. FNA was non-diagnostic. Pt then underwent a Whipple's procedure. Pathology of these specimens was negative for malignancy but were consistent with paraduodenal or “groove” pancreatitis. The duodenal submucosa had Brunner's gland hyperplasia with fibrosis and into the pancreas. The patient was discharged after pain was controlled and he was tolerating an oral diet. We suspect the Brunner's gland hyperplasia as confirmed by pathology to be the cause of Groove pancreatitis in our patient. Discussion: The low incidence of groove pancreatitis is partly due to lack of familiarity. The exact cause is unknown, although there are strong associations with long-term alcohol abuse, functional obstruction of the duct of Santorini and Brunner gland hyperplasia. Groove Pancreatitis should always be considered in the differential for patients presenting with pancreatic head lesions with no cholestatic jaundice especially when duodenal obstruction is present and neither duodenal biopsies nor pancreatic head FNA confirm adenocarcinoma.Figure 1Figure 2Figure 3

Topic: Gastrointestinal disorders and treatments
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Association between childhood demographics and blood lead screening---Nevada Kindergarten Health Survey 2010

Lead, as a toxic substance, invades the human body, and gradually damages the organs. Oftentimes, elevated blood lead levels are not recognized until serious health issues are found. In the United States, approximately 250,000 children aged 1-5 years have elevated blood lead levels greater than 10 micrograms of lead per deciliter of blood (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2004). However, there is no effective treatment for lead poisoning. Chelation can merely decrease the blood lead levels but cannot reverse the existing damage. To prevent and control childhood lead poisoning, many studies have been conducted to investigate the sources of lead and analyze effective prevention strategies. Blood lead screening tests, as preventive methods for childhood lead poisoning, have been implemented by several states for years. However, some still question the effectiveness of blood lead screening tests, and the cost of these tests creates another barrier. These factors largely hinder the progress of eliminating childhood lead poisoning. To institute blood lead screening tests among different populations, some crucial factors must be considered, such as the children's demographic information and the barriers of accessing health care. The data used in this study was provided by the Nevada Kindergarten Health Survey conducted in 2010. This study aims to analyze the association between the likelihood of obtaining blood lead screening tests and childhood demographic characteristics, namely annual household income, race/ethnicity, home zip code, and barriers to accessing to healthcare. The study results signal the barriers for children's blood lead screening tests and provide recommendations for public health professionals and policy makers to implement effective preventive methods for childhood lead poisoning.

Topic: Heavy Metal Exposure and Toxicity
Subfield: Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Primary Amoebic Meningoencephalitis with Progression to Brain Death Following Naegleria Fowleri Infection in a Teenage Female

Abstract Naegleria fowleri is a high-temperature freshwater-living amoeba that causes primary amoebic meningoencephalitis (PAM) by invading nasal epithelium. N. fowleri lives ubiquitously in high-temperature freshwater, but only around 400 cases of PAM have been published worldwide. The mortality rate is 98%. No treatment is 100% effective. A previously healthy 17-year-old female presented to an urgent care center with fever, headache, sore throat, ear pain, and dizziness. She had swum in freshwater 5 days prior. Her symptoms progressed to altered mental status, photo- and phonophobia, and neck stiffness. Within 4 days, she developed increased intracranial pressure (ICP) and eventually brain death. Two unsuccessful lumbar punctures were attempted before the third provided cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) for polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis. Magnetic resonance imaging showed diffuse cerebral edema, effacement of basal cisterns, tonsillar herniation with diffuse loss of gray–white matter differentiation, leptomeningitis, bifrontal encephalitis with evolving frontal lobe cortical infarcts, and ventriculitis. She was treated with metronidazole, vancomycin, ceftriaxone, acyclovir, and doxycycline. Her increased ICP progressed to brain death, and she died 11 days after lake exposure. CSF PCR was reported positive for N. fowleri the day after her death. Despite advances in diagnostic testing for N. fowleri with PCR, mortality rate is high and current treatments are highly ineffective. This case highlights the importance of epidemiological exposure and considering PAM on the differential diagnosis. Although headache and fever are benign symptoms, they could also represent the first stages of a deadly disease and their progression should be addressed promptly.

Topic: Legionella and Acanthamoeba research
Subfield: Endocrinology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Anti‐cancer agent OK432 induces manganese superoxide dismutase in human granulocytes

Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) is a mitochondrial enzyme involved in scavenging O2-.OK432, a Streptococcal preparation, has anti-tumor activity and is also known to be a biological-response modifier. In this study, we have examined the regulation of MnSOD gene by OK432 in human granulocytes. Granulocytes had a low activity of MnSOD; OK432 increased MnSOD mRNA levels in a dose-dependent manner and its activity in granulocytes. OK432 also induced the MnSOD mRNA in HL60 promyelocytes, while not affecting the levels of MnSOD mRNA in human fibroblasts. Pre-treatment with either actinomycin D or cycloheximide inhibited the induction of MnSOD mRNA by OK432. OK432 increased the levels of interleukin-I (IL-I) and tumor-necrosis-factor-α (TNFα) mRNA in granulocytes. Furthermore, the induction of MnSOD mRNA by OK432 was blocked by anti-IL-I antibody but not by anti-TNF antibody. These results suggest that the induction of MnSOD mRNA by OK432 is regulated at the transcriptional level, and OK432 induces MnSOD mRNA, at least in part, through production of IL-I in granulocytes. © 1996 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

Topic: ATP Synthase and ATPases Research
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Information-theoretic analysis for the difficulty of extracting hidden information

The difficulty of extracting hidden information, which is essentially a kind of secrecy, is analyzed by information-theoretic method. The relations between key rate, message rate, hiding capacity and difficulty of extraction are studied in the terms of unicity distance of stego-key, and the theoretic conclusion is used to analyze the actual extracting attack on Least Significant Bit (LSB) steganographic algorithms.

Topic: Advanced Steganography and Watermarking Techniques
Subfield: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Re-examining inequalities in computer science participation from a Bourdieusian sociological perspective

research-article Share on Re-examining inequalities in computer science participation from a Bourdieusian sociological perspective Authors: Maria Kallia University of Glasgow University of GlasgowView Profile , Quintin Cutts University of Glasgow University of GlasgowView Profile Authors Info & Claims ACM InroadsVolume 13Issue 1March 2022 pp 26–40https://doi.org/10.1145/3514212Online:14 February 2022Publication History 0citation30DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations0Total Downloads30Last 12 Months30Last 6 weeks4 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteGet Access

Topic: Nanowire Synthesis and Applications
Subfield: Biomedical Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Expanding the Affective and Normative Components of the Theory of Planned Behavior: A Meta‐Analysis of Anticipated Affect and Moral Norms

Meta‐analysis was used to determine the predictive validity of anticipated affect and moral norms in the theory of planned behavior (TPB; Ajzen, 1991 ). Medium‐to‐large sample‐weighted average correlations were obtained. Anticipated affect and moral norms increased the variance explained in intentions by 5% and 3%, respectively, controlling for TPB variables. Intention mediated the influence of both variables on behavior. Moderator analyses showed that younger samples and behaviors with a moral dimension were associated with stronger moral‐norm/intention relations, and anticipated regret was associated with a stronger anticipated‐affect/intention relation. The implications of the findings for the TPB are discussed.

Topic: Behavioral Health and Interventions
Subfield: Applied Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
The Philosophy of Robert Boyle

Introduction Part I The theory of qualities 1. Distinctions among the qualities 2. Distinguishing criteria for the primary qualities 3. The perception of the sensible qualities 4. The ontological status of the sensible qualities Part II Matter in motion 5. Natural and violent states and motions 6. The nature of place 7. Laws and concurrence 8. Mind/Body interaction Appendices 1. Transcript of Boyle Papers, vol. 10, fols. 29-31 2. Transcript of Boyle Papers, vol. 10, fols. 38-40

Topic: Historical Philosophy and Science
Subfield: History and Philosophy of Science
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Ritual Poeticity in the Qur'an: Family Resemblances, Features, Functions and Appraisals

The literary status and function of the Qur'an form the general point of departure for a specific investigation of its poetic status and function. Firstly, it is argued that the notions of family resemblance and prototypicality prove constructive in describing a particular blend of crucial Qur'anic textual features, which could be subsumed under the notion of ritual poeticity, i.e. language proto-typical to so-called ritual and poetic language. Secondly, the Qur'anic features are listed within the compass of comparative evidence. Thirdly, I reflect upon the function of Qur'anic ritual poeticity with the fourth and final intention of making a critical appraisal of some of its ‘virtues’, faḍā ↄ il, and evaluating its use of what some linguists have identified as ‘authoritarian’ rhetorical devices.

Topic: Families in Therapy and Culture
Subfield: Social Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Politiek verslag van de residentie Banda over het jaar 1856 - transcript

Transcript of a political report on the Banda Islands by resident A.L. Andriesse to the governor-general of the Dutch East Indies. This transcript was made during Ph.D. research into the history of the Protestant Church on the Banda Islands in the 19th century. The manuscript is kept at the Arsip Nasional Republik Indonesia (ANRI, Indonesian National Archives) in Jakarta, Indonesia. Annotated fragments from this report were published in M. van Selm, <em>De Protestantse Kerk op de Banda-eilanden 1795-1923. Een bronnenpublicatie</em> (Zoetermeer 2004). This source publication is available online.

Topic: Global Maritime and Colonial Histories
Subfield: Anthropology
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Potency of Cocoa Honey, Byproduct of Cocoa Bean Processing as Probiotic Media: Optimization of Saccharomyces boulardii Growth and Its Antimicrobial Activity

Cocoa honey, a byproduct of cocoa bean processing, contains high sugars and minerals; thus, it has potential as a fermentation medium. This research investigated the potency of cocoa honey as probiotic media for promising yeast probiotic Saccharomyces boulardii. The growth of S. boulardii in the cocoa honey medium was optimized through response surface methodology employing a central composite rotatable design to obtain maximum cell production and antimicrobial activity. The effects of inoculum size (2–5%), sucrose addition (2.0–3.0%), and fermentation time (5–20 h) were evaluated. The agar diffusion technique assessed the cocoa honey medium's antibacterial activity. Results showed that these independent variables significantly affected the production of S. boulardii cells and their microbial activity against Escherichia coli. The optimal values generated by the model with a desirability value of 0.908 were 20 h of fermentation time, 2% of sucrose addition, and 2% of inoculum size. The maximum yeast count (log10 8.07 cells/mL) and antibacterial activity (4.88 mm) were reached under these optimized conditions, which agreed with the predicted value of the RSM model. This study provided valuable information on the potency of cocoa honey as a fermentative medium for applying S boulardii to develop a probiotic drink.

Topic: Food Chemistry and Fat Analysis
Subfield: Food Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Position 2: Director should not request resignation

Journal Article Position 2: Director should not request resignation Get access Lewis R. Schwarz, M.P.A. Lewis R. Schwarz, M.P.A. Oncology pharmacist Morristown Memorial Hospital, 100 Madison .Avenue, Morristown, NJ 07962 The author was requested to take this position for the purpose of illustrating a particular approach to an ethical dilemma. The arguments advanced do not necessarily reflect the author's personal views of appropriate ethical behavior Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy, Volume 53, Issue 7, 1 April 1996, Pages 761–762, https://doi.org/10.1093/ajhp/53.7.761 Published: 01 April 1996

Topic: Pharmaceutical Practices and Patient Outcomes
Subfield: Geriatrics and Gerontology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
A Multimodal SVM Approach for Fused Biometric Recognition

Abstract — With the advent of most modern electronic sophisticated applications automatic person identification has become a very important topic. Traditional based person identification techniques had several drawbacks since they are easy for spoofing and performing fraudulent operations. In this aspect we are developing a fused biometric person recognition using support vector machine in a multimodal approach for an efficient identification in several security aspects. A biometric trait is his/her unique behavioural and physiological trait which is used for identification aspects. Almost all systems use the application of unimodal biometric identification but they are vulnerable for spoofing. So a multimodal identification process has evolved which integrates information from multiple biometric sources. For the fusion we are using score level fusion approach and clustering using k means clustering. The classification is done by a multi svm machine which is an efficient classification.

Topic: Biometric Identification and Security
Subfield: Signal Processing
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
PHASE-DEPENDENT VARIATIONS IN METABOLIC FLEXIBILITY ACROSS THE MENSTRUAL CYCLE – PRELIMINARY CASE STUDY

The menstrual cycle has distinct phases, including the midfollicular (MF) and midluteal (ML) phases, each characterized by different hormonal profiles. The MF phase is marked by elevated estrogen and low progesterone levels, whereas both hormones are elevated during the ML phase. These hormonal fluctuations influence metabolic flexibility (MetFlex), or the body's ability to switch between carbohydrate (CHO) and fat oxidation (OX). PURPOSE: This study aimed to examine differences in MetFlex in response to a mixed meal challenge during the MF and ML phases. METHODS: A healthy, inactive, normal-weight woman with a regular menstrual cycle participated in this case study. Cycle phases were confirmed through self-report, with testing conducted on days 7 (MF) and 21 (ML), relative to the first day of menstruation. Indirect calorimetry was used to assess MetFlex before and after the participant consumed a 350-kcal liquid meal (8g fat, 42g CHO, 30g protein). Changes in CHO and fat OX, along with blood glucose (BG) levels, were recorded. RESULTS: Average respiratory exchange ratio (RER) was higher during the MF phase (mean ± SEM = 0.76 ± 0.02 vs 0.73 ± 0.03). In the MF phase, RER peaked at 0.80 at 15, 30, and 90 minutes, while in the ML phase, it peaked at 0.76 at 60 minutes post-meal. CHO OX was also higher during the MF phase, reaching 0.24 g/min at 90 minutes, compared to 0.18 g/min during the ML phase. The Area Under the Curve (AUC) for CHO OX was 28.25 g·min/min (MF) vs. 23.425 g·min/min (ML). Fat OX was higher in the ML phase, and BG response was delayed compared to the MF phase. After the mixed meal, BG peaked rapidly at 103 mg/dL (5 min) in the MF phase, while in the ML phase, it rose gradually to 112 mg/dL (15 min). The AUC for BG was greater in the MF phase (15,627.5 vs. 15,312.5 mg·min/dL), reflecting a higher overall BG response. CONCLUSION: Hormonal variations across the menstrual cycle appear to impact substrate utilization and MetFlex. This study found higher CHO OX during the MF phase and increased fat OX with a delayed BG response during the ML phase. These findings underscore the importance of accounting for menstrual cycle phases in research on MetFlex and nutrient metabolism in women. Future studies will aim to expand this work to evaluate the menstrual cycle’s effects on MetFlex in a larger cohort of young women.

Topic: Magnetic confinement fusion research
Subfield: Nuclear and High Energy Physics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Network Weighted Functional Regression: a method for modeling dependencies between functional data in a network

In this paper, we propose a Network-Weighted Functional Regression (NWFR) model, an extension of Spatially Weighted Functional Regression (SWFR) to functional data defined on network-structured settings. To asses predictive uncertainity, we develop a functional conformal prediction procedure that yields a distribution free prediction intervals with guaranteed coverage. Through extensive evaluation on both simulated and real-world datasets, we demonstrate that the explicit modeling of network structure yields substantive improvements in point-prediction accuracy and markedly enhances the validity and precision of the resulting prediction intervals.

Topic: Mental Health Research Topics
Subfield: Experimental and Cognitive Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Perspective of Recent Progress in Immobilization of Enzymes

The commercial application of biocatalysts depends on the development of effective methods of immobilization. The immobilization of enzymes greatly increases the stability of enzymes and eases the burden of enzyme cost and thus, is widely pursued for efficient, selective, and environmentally friendly catalysis. This brief perspective focuses on recent development in the area of enzyme immobilization in porous materials. Recent work regarding the immobilization of enzymes in inorganic mesoporous materials as well as the modifications to those materials is summarized in this paper. The configuration of supported enzyme as membranes and fibers may facilitate their application in areas that require a biocatalytic process. Enzymes immobilized in or on fibrous membranes provide high surface area for high throughput biocatalysis. These membrane bioreactors also allow for biotransformations to be carried out within a continuous flow process while maintaining enzyme stability under operating conditions as a result from the enzyme immobilization. A summary of efforts to prepare immobilized enzymes in fibers and electrospun fibers will also be discussed.

Topic: Electrochemical sensors and biosensors
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Amyloid-β and the Failure to Form Mitochondrial Cristae: A Biomimetic Study Involving Artificial Membranes

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a degenerative disease of the central nervous system which causes irreversible damage to neuron structure and function. The main hypothesis concerning the cause of AD is excessive accumulation of amyloid-β peptides (Aβ). There has recently been a surge in studies on neuronal morphological and functional pathologies related to Aβ-induced mitochondrial dysfunctions and morphological alternations. What is the relation between the accumulation of Aβ in mitochondria, decreased production of ATP, and the large number of mitochondria with broken or scarce cristae observed in AD patients' neurons? The problem is complex, as it is now widely recognized that mitochondria function determines mitochondrial inner membrane (IM) morphology and, conversely, that IM morphology can influence mitochondrial functions. In our previous work, we designed an artificial mitochondrial IM, a minimal model system (giant unilamellar vesicle) mimicking the IM. We showed experimentally that modulation of the local pH gradient at the membrane level of cardiolipin-containing vesicles induces dynamic membrane invaginations similar to the mitochondrial cristae. In the present work we show, using our artificial IM, that Aβ renders the membrane unable to support the formation of cristae-like structures when local pH gradient occurs, leading to the failure of this cristae-like morphology. Fluorescent probe studies suggest that the dramatic change of membrane mechanical properties is due to Aβ-induced lipid bilayer dehydration, increased ordering of lipids, loss of membrane fluidity, and possibly to Aβ-induced changes in dynamic friction between the two leaflets of the lipid membrane.

Topic: Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
Subfield: Physiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences