jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Inverse parabolic problems of determining functions with one spatial-component independence by Carleman estimate

For an initial-boundary value problem for a parabolic equation in the spatial variable $x=(x_1,.., x_n)$ and time $t$, we consider an inverse problem of determining a coefficient which is independent of one spatial component $x_n$ by extra lateral boundary data. We apply a Carleman estimate to prove a conditional stability estimate for the inverse problem. Also we prove similar results for the corresponding inverse source problem.

Topic: Numerical methods in inverse problems
Subfield: Mathematical Physics
Field: Mathematics
Domain: Physical Sciences
Faculty Opinions recommendation of Intradialytic parenteral nutrition does not improve survival in malnourished hemodialysis patients: a 2-year multicenter, prospective, randomized study.

Read the full review for this Faculty Opinions recommended article: Intradialytic parenteral nutrition does not improve survival in malnourished hemodialysis patients: a 2-year multicenter, prospective, randomized study.

Topic: Dialysis and Renal Disease Management
Subfield: Nephrology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Monitoring and Analysis of Displacement Using InSAR Techniques for Gulaba Landslide Site

Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) is a powerful remote sensing technique which provides high spatial resolution images with continuous temporal coverage of the earth surface data for monitoring of long-term landslide displacement. In the current study over Gulaba Camp in Manalito Marhi (Himachal Pradesh, India) region, a novel approach to monitor the landslide using the ascending and descending InSAR data sets is being implemented. 30 ascending and 23 descending Sentinel-1 Interferometric Wide Swath images spanning the period of 26 months are acquired and processed to identify active landslide sites which have been verified with the ground observations. The combination of the results of ascending and descending path enabled to provide cumulative displacement of 60–100 mm/year over the study period with a velocity of 20–45 mm/year. This study demonstrated multi-temporal InSAR is a useful technique in assessment and monitoring of the landslide and concluded that combining ascending and descending path data has greatly improved the result. Keywords: Landslide, multi-temporal InSAR, baseline, natural hazard Cite this Article Amardeep Singh Virk, Amanpreet Singh, Mittal SK. Monitoring and Analysis of Displacement Using InSAR Techniques for Gulaba Landslide Site. Journal of Remote Sensing & GIS. 2018; 9(2): 37–46p.

Topic: Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Applications and Techniques
Subfield: Aerospace Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
IFN-γ Is Produced by Polymorphonuclear Neutrophils in Human Uterine Endometrium and by Cultured Peripheral Blood Polymorphonuclear Neutrophils

Abstract Cytokines present in the human uterus play an important role both in modulating immune responses to infectious challenge and in the establishment and maintenance of pregnancy. In particular, successful implantation and pregnancy is thought to require the establishment of a Th2 environment, while Th1 cytokines are associated with pregnancy loss and infertility. On the other hand, a Th1 response appears to be required for the resolution of acute infection. Using novel confocal microscopic analysis of fresh sections of human tissue, we have investigated the production of IFN-γ, a Th1 cytokine, in human endometria. Extracellular IFN-γ, mostly associated with matrix components, was located immediately beneath the luminal epithelium and along the glandular epithelium proximal to the lumen. As evidenced by intracellular staining, IFN-γ is produced by both stromal cells and intraepithelial lymphocytes through all stages of the menstrual cycle. Surprisingly, the stromal cell containing intracellular IFN-γ was identified as a polymorphonuclear neutrophil on the basis of its reactivity with a panel of mAbs and its nuclear morphology. We further found that polymorphonuclear neutrophils isolated from normal donors produce IFN-γ in response to stimulation with LPS, IL-12, and TNF-α. Taken together, these findings suggest that polymorphonuclear neutrophils are capable of producing IFN-γ both in vitro and in vivo, indicating that their role in shaping immune responses may be more extensive than previously thought. Furthermore, these studies strongly suggest that polymorphonuclear neutrophils play an important role in determining immune responsiveness within the female reproductive tract.

Topic: Reproductive System and Pregnancy
Subfield: Immunology
Field: Immunology and Microbiology
Domain: Life Sciences
Isolation and characterization of the lipid-containing interstitial cell from the developing rat lung.

A lipid-containing interstitial cell (LIC) appears in the walls of alveoli during the period of postnatal lung growth associated with the formation of gas exchange surfaces. This cell has been isolated from the 10-day neonatal rat lung by digesting the lung with trypsin and collagenase and using a 6 per cent metrizamide discontinuous density gradient. 5.0 +/- 0.4 x 10(6) LIC per gm. of lung wet weight were isolated at 10 days. At this age, triglycerides accounted for 65 per cent of the LIC lipid with 62 per cent of the triglyceride fatty acids being unsaturated. Linoleic acid was a prominent triglyceride moiety. Density profiles of LIC isolated from 4-, 7-, 12-, 16-, and 21-day neonatal rats, using 0 to 10 per cent metrizamide continuous density gradients, revealed a 2-fold increase in LIC numbers between 4 and 7 days, after which LIC numbers decreased linearly until few LIC were observed at the age of weaning. Mean LIC density decreased from 1.045 gm. per cu. cm. at 4 days to 1.036 gm. per cu. cm. at 12 days, but thereafter increased to 1.050 gm. per cu. cm. at 21 days suggesting accumulation and dissipation of cytoplasmic lipid by LIC during the period of lung growth in which alveoli form. Although the origin, role, and fate of the LIC and its lipid are uncertain, the unique time of appearance of this distinct interstitial cell suggests that it is involved in alveolar formation and lung restructuring during early postnatal lung development.

Topic: Neonatal Respiratory Health Research
Subfield: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Handbook of Cheese Chemistry

Edited and authored by world experts, this book covers the newest areas of research into cheese manufacture and engineering, as well as the latest developments concerning properties and structure. Information dealing with cheese manufacture includes starter and adjunct cultures, nonstarter lactic acid bacteria, coagulants, novel processing techniques, and ripening. The chapters on cheese properties explain rheology, microscopy, flavours, and other topics. Comparisons of cheese made from milk of various mammals and of artisanal and large-scale cheese manufacturing including vegan cheeses are included. Providing a useful source of facts and information for scientists, cheesemakers, and students, the book covers the ever-expanding field of cheese production, technology, and analysis. Cheesemakers large and small must respond to changing consumer demands and interests. This book informs the knowledge base in cheese chemistry and scientific advances in these areas.

Topic: Probiotics and Fermented Foods
Subfield: Food Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
The structure of the native cardiac thin filament at systolic Ca <sup>2+</sup> levels

Significance Heartbeats rely on cyclical interactions between myosin thick and actin thin filaments orchestrated by rising and falling Ca 2+ . During systole, Ca 2+ binds to the thin filament and allows its interaction with the thick filament to produce force required for contraction. The structure of the thin filament at physiological Ca 2+ levels is unknown, which limits our understanding of the thin filament regulation by Ca 2+ . Here, we directly observe thin filament structural states along individual filaments at systolic Ca 2+ levels to show that the thin filament is activated stochastically with short-range cooperativity evident only on one strand of the thin filament. We suggest how cardiac muscle can be regulated by a narrow range of Ca 2+ levels upon transition from diastole to systole.

Topic: Cardiomyopathy and Myosin Studies
Subfield: Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
LHD firdac #119960.1

Line integrated electron density (neL) and its profile calculated from raw data of FIR laser interferometers, FIR1, FIR2, and FIR3. Time resolution is basically 10 milli-second, and the time axis array is stored in the last, i.e. 14th channel.

Topic: Particle physics theoretical and experimental studies
Subfield: Nuclear and High Energy Physics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Statistical corner conditions of interconnect delay (corner LPE specifications)

Timing closure in LSI design becomes more and more difficult. But the conventional interconnect RC extraction method have over-margins caused by its corner conditions settings. In this paper, statistical corner conditions using the independence of variations between process parameters and between interconnect layers are proposed. As a result, the fast-to-slow guardband decreases by half in average, compared to the conventional method. The proposed method is ready for implementation to LPE tools.

Topic: VLSI and Analog Circuit Testing
Subfield: Hardware and Architecture
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Efficacy and Safety of Oral Micronized Progesterone That Converts to Allopregnanolone as an Adjunctive Treatment in Refractory Status Epilepticus: A Prospective Interventional Phase IIa Study

Abstract Background: We aimed to study the efficacy and safety of allopregnanolone which convert from oral micronized progesterone as an adjunctive treatment for Thai patients with refractory status epilepticus. Methods: Adults 18–80 years old who diagnosed with either convulsive or non-convulsive refractory status epilepticus receiving standard AED treatment, intravenous midazolam, for longer than 60 minutes were included. The intervention group received Utrogestran ® (micronized progesterone, 200 mg/capsule) via enteric feeding every 8 h for five days. Treatments for RSE were continuing along the clinical trial period. Serum allopregnanolone levels were measured by radioimmunoassay (DetectX® Allopregnanolone Immunoassay Kit; Arbor Assays, Michigan, United States). Control patients were randomly selected from our hospital RSE cohort during 2015–2019. Continuous data were presented as the mean and standard deviation. Discrete data were assessed by number and percentage. The changes in laboratories were analyzed by paired t-test. The difference between groups were compared by independent sample t-test. The Mann-Whitney U test, Chi-square test or Fisher’s exact test were used for non-parametric parameters. A p -value &lt; 0.05 indicated statistical significance. All analyses were performed using SPSS version 26 software (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY). Results: The average duration of refractory status epilepticus after treatment with midazolam plus progesterone (intervention group) and without progesterone until status epilepticus termination was 25.5 and 58.4 hours, ( p = 0.004), indicated that allopregnanolone significantly shortens the refractory status epilepticus duration in vivo . Conclusions: Allopregnanolone, produced from oral micronized progesterone, demonstrates efficacy and safety in treating refractory status epilepticus as an adjunctive treatment. Trial registration: This trial was registered in Thai Clinical Trials Registry (TCTR) database. The trial registration number was “TCTR20200717002”, 16 July 2020, retrospectively registered.

Topic: Epilepsy research and treatment
Subfield: Psychiatry and Mental health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Effect of Plant Extract on Pathogens Isolated from Water Source

This study was designed to evaluate the effect of Aloe barbadensis Miller (Aloe vera) and Cymbopogon citratus (Lemongrass) extracts on pathogenic bacteria isolated from surface and ground water samples in Port Harcourt Metropolis. Samples of Aloe vera and Lemon grass were collected, pre-treated and extracted using n-hexane and ethanol respectively. The plant extracts were qualitatively and quantitatively assessed for their phytochemical properties using standard methods. Surface and ground water samples were collected and characterized for their physico-chemical and microbiological properties using standard methods. The pathogenic bacteria isolated from the water samples were subjected to antibacterial susceptibility tests using selected commercial antibiotics and the plant extracts respectively. Result revealed the presence of eight phytochemicals namely alkaloid, flavonoid, saponnin, tannin, glycoside, steroid, phenol and terpene in both hexane and ethanol extracts of the Lemongrass and Aloe vera with varying degrees. Four bacterial pathogens namely Streptococcus spp., Shigella spp., Pseudomonas spp. and Staphylococcus spp. were identified in the water samples. All of them were susceptible to both hexane and ethanol extracts of the Lemongrass and Aloe vera plants with zones of inhibition ranging from 10.2 mm to 14.5 mm and 16.7 mm to 20.9 mm and 4.2 mm to 9.5 mm and 6.7 mm to 11.2 mm, respectively. Commercial antibiotics such as Ciproflox, Streptomycin, Chloramphenicol and Cuntamycin were active against all the bacteria pathogens, with zones of inhibition ranging from 15.7 mm to 21.2 mm, 13.2 mm to 21.3 mm, 3.1 mm to 14.5 mm and 3.3 mm to 14.7 mm, respectively. The antibacterial action of ethanol extract of the Lemongrass on all four pathogens was comparable to that of commercial antibiotics such as Ciproflox, Streptomycin and Ofloxacin which also demonstrated higher antibacterial action on the pathogens. This study has revealed the usefulness of Aloe vera and Lemongrass plants in phyto-antibiotics and phyto-medicine.

Topic: Phytochemistry and biological activity of medicinal plants
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Producing text and graphics of big screen in a indoor stadium based on AUTHERWARE

The big screen of a indoor stadium is mainly used to show score in sports game. This paper introduces the specific methods of using AUTHERWARE multimedia application software to realize the application software of big screen which has interactive function, including the construction of the whole framework and the division and the function of every branch framework, and introduces the key technologies systematically, and then gives specific procedures of using AUTHERWARE multimedia production software to realize the big screen display in detail. it have certain practical value When we make text and images of indoor and outdoor big screen.

Topic: Multimedia Communication and Technology
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Secondary Cytoreductive Surgery and Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy for Recurrent Epithelial Ovarian Cancer

In the 1990s, physicians started to study the combination of cytoreductive surgery (CRS) and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) for management of peritoneal surface malignancies. Favorable evidence from experimental data and retrospective clinical studies has supported use of combined treatment. This approach, however, is controversial because of major concerns regarding high morbidity and lack of evidence from randomized trials. This multi-institutional retrospective study from Italy was designed to assess the efficacy of combined CRS and HIPEC treatment in recurrent epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) and to examine the safety profile of combined treatment. Prospective data were obtained from 4 Italian centers specializing in locoregional treatment of peritoneal surface malignancies. The patient population was composed of 56 patients with recurrent EOC who were 75 years or younger of ECOG (Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group) performance status 2 or less with a histological diagnosis of recurrent EOC. Cytoreductive surgery was performed followed by HIPEC performed using the closed-abdomen technique with cisplatin and doxorubicin or cisplatin and mitomycin C. The median patient age was 55.2 years. Primary study outcome measures assessed at a median follow-up time of 23.1 months were OS, progression-free survival (PFS), morbidity, and mortality rates. To assess the extent of peritoneal carcinomatosis, the peritoneal cancer index was determined intraoperatively. Residual disease was categorized according to the completeness of cytoreduction (CC). The median peritoneal cancer index was 15.2 (range, 4–30). Forty-seven of the patients had microscopic residual disease (CC-0), 7 had residual disease 2.5 mm or less (CC-1), and 1 had residual disease greater than 2.5 mm (CC>2). Fifteen patients (26.3%) experienced major postoperative complications. There were 3 postoperative deaths (procedure-related mortality, 5.3%). The median OS was 25.7 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 20.3–31.0 months), and the median PFS was 10.8 months (95% CI, 5.4–16.2 months). At the 5-year follow-up, OS and PFS were 23% and 7%, respectively. Multivariate analysis using the Cox proportional hazard model showed that the following variables were independent prognostic factors: ECOG performance status (P = 0.001), preoperative serum albumin (P = 0.008), and CC (P = 0.005). The authors conclude that CRS combined with HIPEC is a promising therapeutic option for recurrent EOC.

Topic: Intraperitoneal and Appendiceal Malignancies
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Levels and Changes of Physical Activity in Adolescents during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Contextualizing Urban vs. Rural Living Environment

The COVID-19 pandemic and the social distancing implemented shortly after influence physical activity levels (PALs). The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate the changes in PAL and factors associated with PALs among Croatian adolescents while considering the impact of community (urban vs. rural living environment). The sample included 823 adolescents (mean age: 16.5 ± 2.1 years) who were tested on baseline (from October 2019 to March 2020; before COVID-19 pandemic in Croatia) and follow-up (in April 2020; during the COVID-19 pandemic and imposed rules of social distancing). Baseline testing included anthropometrics, physical fitness status, and evaluation of PALs, while follow-up included only PALs (evaluated by a standardized questionnaire through an internet application). The results showed a significant influence of the living environment on the decrease of PAL, with a larger decrease in urban adolescents. Logistic regression showed a higher likelihood for normal PALs at baseline in adolescents who had better fitness status, with no strong confounding effect of the urban/rural environment. The fitness status of urban adolescents predicted their PALs at follow-up. The differences between urban and rural adolescents with regard to the established changes in PALs and relationships between the predictors and PALs are explained by the characteristics of the living communities (lack of organized sports in rural areas), and the level of social distancing in the studied period and region/country.

Topic: Physical Activity and Health
Subfield: Physiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
CCDC 746238: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.

Topic: Crystallization and Solubility Studies
Subfield: Materials Chemistry
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
The Police Conception of North Africans

Abstract When North African migrants became a durable presence in Paris after World War I, the Parisian municipal authorities noted the discrepancy between the surveillance regime that existed in the colonies and the relative freedom accorded to them in the imperial capital. Taking into account the continuity of a centuries-long police concern with foreigners in Paris, the chapter argues that the colonial migrant represented a new kind of stranger for city officials. The ideological origins of the stereotype of the “North African” who was often interchangeable with the “Arab” and the “Muslim” are traced to the early nineteenth-century French violent colonial encounter in Algeria. Ideas and practices emanating from colonial administrative services in Algeria, Indochina, and Madagascar, as well as colonial ethnographic and medical knowledge, all contributed to the police conception of North Africans that is reflected in the reports and memoranda of the Parisian police from the 1920s to the 1950s. The outcome of this conception was that police surveillance emerged as the preferred state practice in the management of difference in Paris.

Topic: Historical Studies and Socio-cultural Analysis
Subfield: History and Philosophy of Science
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
LHD 2p5-U_L01 #185652.1 (analyzed)

Luminance data of the plasma monitor camera. Time variation of the average and maximum luminance within the ROI (Region of Interests) of the plasma images observed by the 2.5-U port camera, where ROI is (188,230) - (212,258) of the original image of 640x480. The luminance value is between 0 and 255 in arbitrary unit.

Topic: Ultrasound and Hyperthermia Applications
Subfield: Biomedical Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
[Epidemics in nortthern Basque: black death and the Spanish influenza].

The paper studies the great epidemics that have affected Europe from the middle ages until the 20th century. A special emphasis is put on in the mortality of the Black Death in 1348 (500 per thousand), the smallpox in the 18th century (150 per thousand), the spotted fever in the end of the 18th century (50 per thousand), the cholera pandemic in the 19th century (25.5 - 62.7 per thousand), the tuberculosis in the end of the 19th century (5.3 per thousand) and the mortality that the Spanish influenza produced in the beginnings of the 20th century (12.1 per thousand) in the Basque Country.

Topic: Medicine and Dermatology Studies History
Subfield: Dermatology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
The Catabolism of Plasma Albumin in the Rabbit : Its rate and regulation

ABSTRACT From ItSl-albumin studies and previously defined mathematical formulations, rates of breakdown were estimated for native plasma albumin in rabbits. These rates of catabolism per unit weight of animal were remarkably constant and were independent of variations in the steady state values of albumin concentration in the plasma. These results imply that, at least between animals, the breakdown of plasma albumin follows a kinetic process of approximately zero order. It seems plausible that the process operates similarly in individual animals, and hence that albumin is maintained at normal steady state levels in the healthy animal primarily by means of a regulated rate of synthesis.

Topic: Protein Interaction Studies and Fluorescence Analysis
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences