jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
5-Aminolevulinic acid photodynamic therapy: an effective treatment modality for female precancerous lesions: experience of a single center

A total of 62 female patients who underwent ALA-PDT at the Gynecology Department of Henan Province People's Hospital in 2018 were retrospectively assessed. Lesions included 24 case of LSIL, 13 case of HSIL, 12 case of VAIN, 2 case of VIN and 11 case of VL. Three-six sessions of ALA-PDT were carried out at intervals of ten days. The treatment efficacy was evaluated by colposcopy, TCT and HPV dectection. After one month follow-up, The effective rate of LSI, HSIL, VAIN, VIN and VL were 70.8%, 84.6%, 83.3%, 100% and 100%. After three month follow-up, The effective rate of LSIL, HSIL, VAIN, VIN and VL were 83.3%, 92.3%, 83.3%, 100% and 100%. After six month follow-up, The effective rate of LSIL, HSIL, VAIN, VIN and VL were 87.5%, 92.3%, 91.7%, 100% and 100%. Our experience show that ALA-PDT is an effective treatment modality for female genital precancerous lesions. Keywords: 5-aminolevulinic acid photodynamic therapy, Low-grade cervical squamous intraepithelial lesions,

Topic: Photodynamic Therapy Research Studies
Subfield: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Reproducibility of 3D kinematics and surface electromyography measurements of mastication

The aim of this study was to determine the measurement reproducibility for a procedure evaluating the mastication process and to estimate the smallest detectable differences of 3D kinematic and surface electromyography (sEMG) variables. Kinematics of mandible movements and sEMG activity of the masticatory muscles were obtained over two sessions with four conditions: two food textures (biscuit and bread) of two sizes (small and large). Twelve healthy adults (mean age 29.1years) completed the study. The second to the fifth chewing cycle of 5 bites were used for analyses. The reproducibility per outcome variable was calculated with an intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and a Bland-Altman analysis was applied to determine the standard error of measurement relative error of measurement and smallest detectable differences of all variables. ICCs ranged from 0.71 to 0.98 for all outcome variables. The outcome variables consisted of four bite and fourteen chewing cycle variables. The relative standard error of measurement of the bite variables was up to 17.3% for 'time-to-swallow', 'time-to-transport' and 'number of chewing cycles', but ranged from 31.5% to 57.0% for 'change of chewing side'. The relative standard error of measurement ranged from 4.1% to 24.7% for chewing cycle variables and was smaller for kinematic variables than sEMG variables. In general, measurements obtained with 3D kinematics and sEMG are reproducible techniques to assess the mastication process. The duration of the chewing cycle and frequency of chewing were the best reproducible measurements. Change of chewing side could not be reproduced. The published measurement error and smallest detectable differences will aid the interpretation of the results of future clinical studies using the same study variables.

Topic: Temporomandibular Joint Disorders
Subfield: Complementary and Manual Therapy
Field: Health Professions
Domain: Health Sciences
LHD 6T-AH01-03-03-NF #188300.1

The plasma monitor cameras are installed in 6-T, 6-O and 10-O ports for monitoring LHD plasmas. Five cameras are set in 3-O port for observing the lower divertor structure near 2.5-L port and the plasma-wall interactions on the divertor plates.

Topic: Maternal and Perinatal Health Interventions
Subfield: Obstetrics and Gynecology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Design and optimization of ultrathin crystalline silicon solar cells using an efficient back reflector

Thin film solar cells are cheaper but having low absorption in longer wavelength and hence, an effective light trapping mechanism is essential. In this work, we proposed an ultrathin crystalline silicon solar cell which showed extraordinary performance due to enhanced light absorption in visible and infrared part of solar spectrum. Various designing parameters such as number of distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) pairs, anti-reflection layer thickness, grating thickness, active layer thickness, grating duty cycle and period were optimized for the optimal performance of solar cell. An ultrathin silicon solar cell with 40 nm active layer could produce an enhancement in cell efficiency ∼15 % and current density ∼23 mA/cm2. This design approach would be useful for the realization of new generation of solar cells with reduced active layer thickness.

Topic: Thin-Film Transistor Technologies
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
The method for glomerulations detection in histological images of prostate

In the work presented, a method for detecting glomeruli in pictures of histological preparations of the prostate gland is described, the presence of which indicates a malignant neoplasm. Pathological structures at the level of microimages are investigated. The developed method is the result of joint activity of the National Research Nuclear University "MEPhI" and the Moscow State Medical and Stomatological University named after A.I. Evdokimova.

Topic: AI in cancer detection
Subfield: Artificial Intelligence
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Locating the Site of Absorption of Xanthophylls in the Chicken by a Surgical Technique

Increases in the level of blood xanthophylls and visual pigmentation of xanthophyll depleted cockerels were used to indirectly measure the absorption of xanthophylls. Surgical removal of either the duodenum, jejunum, ileum, or large intestine resulted in a slight but significant decrease in absorption of xanthophylls when compared to the sham operated chicks. With a similar comparison, ligation of the ceca resulted in a slight increase in pigmentation. Only the removal of that section of the jejunum-ileum affected by E. maxima resulted in chicks with no absorption when compared to chicks fed a diet free of xanthophylls. It was, therefore, concluded that most of the absorption of xanthophylls takes place in the area of the jejunum-ileum (the same section in which E. maxima infections occur), that a small amount of absorption, if any, takes place in the duodenum and large intestine, and that none takes place in the ceca.

Topic: Animal Nutrition and Physiology
Subfield: Animal Science and Zoology
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
OMEGA-3 FATTY ACIDS ARE ASSOCIATED WITH DECREASED PRESENCE AND SEVERITY OF DIABETIC RETINOPATHY

Purpose: Inflammation is associated with diabetic retinopathy development and progression, and previous studies have demonstrated that omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids have anti-inflammatory properties. Therefore, the goal of this study was to determine if omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), are associated with decreased risk and severity of retinopathy in individuals with type 2 diabetes. Methods: In a combined population of 1,356 individuals with type 2 diabetes from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis and Genetics of Latino Diabetic Retinopathy cohorts, odds ratios using logistic regression were determined to assess the association between polyunsaturated fatty acids and retinopathy. Results: In 1,356 participants with type 2 diabetes, individuals in the fourth quartile of DHA were 17% less likely to have retinopathy compared with the first quartile ( P = 0.009, CI: 0.72–0.95). Secondary analysis revealed 38% lower severity of retinopathy in individuals in the fourth quartile compared with the first quartile of DHA ( P = 0.006; CI: 0.44–0.87) and EPA + DHA ( P = 0.004; CI: 0.44–0.85). No significant associations were observed between EPA and retinopathy. Conclusion: DHA is inversely associated with the presence and severity of diabetic retinopathy. Increased intake of dietary sources of DHA may provide some protection against retinopathy in individuals with type 2 diabetes and warrants more research as a preventative option.

Topic: Fatty Acid Research and Health
Subfield: Nutrition and Dietetics
Field: Nursing
Domain: Health Sciences
Peroral Infection and Resistance to Reinfection with Encephalomyocarditis Virus in the Mouse

Journal Article Peroral Infection and Resistance to Reinfection with Encephalomyocarditis Virus in the Mouse Get access Ron Friedman, Ron Friedman From the Departments of Applied Immunology and Experimental Pathology, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Walter Reed Army Medical Center, Washington, D. C. 20012 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Ronald M. Maenza Ronald M. Maenza From the Departments of Applied Immunology and Experimental Pathology, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Walter Reed Army Medical Center, Washington, D. C. 20012 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 118, Issue 2, April 1968, Pages 125–134, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/118.2.125 Published: 01 April 1968 Article history Received: 08 August 1967 Published: 01 April 1968

Topic: Viral Infections and Immunology Research
Subfield: Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Adapting scenarios for climate adaptation: Practitioners’ perspectives on a popular planning method

Scenario planning is a popular decision-support method that is increasingly being applied to climate change adaptation. However, evaluation of scenario planning for adaptation is lacking. In this paper we summarise a science-policy session held at the European Climate Change Adaptation Conference in May 2019, where practitioners explored the strengths and weaknesses of scenario planning for climate adaptation and identified modifications to enhance the method's utility. Eight case studies spanning three scenario planning types (problem-focused, actor-focused and reflexive-interventionist) from varied socio-cultural contexts were presented by the authors, followed by discussion amongst the 40 participants. Strengths focussed on opportunities provided by scenario planning for stakeholder participation, and raising their awareness about future risks, vulnerability and uncertainty. Participatory scenario planning was most useful for building stakeholder consensus at the local scale (e.g. communities, neighbourhoods) over shorter timeframes (e.g. 20 years). Weaknesses centred on the inability of scenarios to generate quantitative predictions and concrete adaptation solutions. This was partly attributed to practitioners’ limited understanding of stakeholder politics and power dynamics, and the resulting lack of integration of scenario exercises within decision-making processes. Scenarios were also limited by being static, and participatory processes were resource-intensive. Suggested modifications were to develop iterative scenario planning embedded within decision-making cycles. Such ‘transient scenarios’ could absorb system feedbacks and updated information to prioritise adaptation responses, thus actively contributing to ongoing adaptation pathways. Applying monitoring, evaluating and learning would enable reflexive refinement of the method, adapting it to become an agile approach applicable to varied socio-cultural and political contexts.

Topic: Sustainability and Climate Change Governance
Subfield: Global and Planetary Change
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Diffusion Orthopedic CT Image Denoising Based on Fuzzy Anisotropic

While human bones CT images denoising,there is a conflict between noise suppression and edge blurring.Using the fuzzy anisotropic diffusion denoising algorithm can effectively reduce the noise of the skeletal image.A clear CT images is of great significance for the determination of the fracture site and the judgment of the fracture degree.Therefore,these noises are reduced,so that the skeleton image can show more details.This paper presents an orthopedic CT image de-noising method based on fuzzy anisotropic diffusion.Experiments show that this method can obtain a more reasonable gradient threshold,reducing image noise while preserving image edges and details.

Topic: Image and Signal Denoising Methods
Subfield: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Effectiveness of rifaximin in the treatment of abdominal pain at irritable bowel syndrome

Objective — to clarify the rifaximin effectiveness in the treatment of abdominal pain in patients with IBS without constipation compared with antispasmodics.Materials and methods. An open‑label comparative randomized study has been performed to assess the efficacy of primary and repeated use of rifaximin in the treatment of abdominal pain in patients with IBS without constipation. For this purpose, 60 patients with IBS without constipation were examined and treated, who, depending on the treatment, were randomized into 2 groups. In the first group of patients, in addition to diet, patients were administered rifaximin (Alpha Normix) in a daily dose of 1200 mg/ day (400 mg 3 times a day) for 14 days, subject of the second group received mebeverin 200 mg 3 times a day for the same period. The clinical effectiveness of treatment in each group of patients was assessed by the number of responders (patients who responded positively to treatment). The severity of abdominal pain was assessed daily using a visual analogue scale in points from 0 to 10. The effectiveness has been assessed for primary treatment and the repeated course for IBS recurrence occurring within 18 weeks of observation.Results. The treatment was successful in both groups, however, the effectiveness in the group 1 of patients was higher at all stages of its assessment (after 2, 4, and 12 weeks). Four weeks after the treatment start, the number of responders and the intensity of pain in both groups of patients was significantly higher than 2 weeks after the start of treatment. At all stages of effectiveness assessment, the intensity of the abdominal pain in both groups of patients significantly decreased compared to the initial level, although it did not differ significantly in the groups. Nevertheless, the improvement of stool in patients of group 1 after 2, 4 and 12 weeks was significantly more pronounced than in group 2. The course treatment with rifaximin was accompanied by an anti‑relapse effect, since in the majority of patients within 18 weeks of observation, in contrast to patients receiving antispasmodics, IBS recurrence was not observed (57.9 % vs 27.8 %, p &lt; 0.005), and the duration of the relapse‑free period in the rifaximin group was significantly longer than in the antispasmodic group (15.2 versus 12.3 weeks, p &lt; 0.05).Conclusions. The data obtained confirm the undoubted benefit of rifaximin administration in a dose of 1200 mg/ day for 14 days in order to reduce abdominal pain in patients with IBS, along with improving the consistency and frequency of stools. Repeated courses of rifaximin treatment in patients with IBS without constipation are at least as effective and safe as its initial use.

Topic: Pediatric health and respiratory diseases
Subfield: Emergency Medical Services
Field: Health Professions
Domain: Health Sciences
Quality Control of MRI-based Kidney Volume Estimation in ADPKD patient in clinical practice

Total kidney volume (TKV) is a critical biomarker for monitoring disease severity in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD). TKV is typically measured by manually contouring kidneys on one sequence from abdominal MRI without any quality control. Here we show that by using a deep learning model to measure kidney volume on 5 routinely acquired abdominal MRI sequences, it is possible to apply outlier analysis to find images with acquisition artifacts and to correct or exclude them from TKV estimation. This improves volume measurement consistency among the 5 sequences from 4.3% to 1.3% after quality control.

Topic: Genetic and Kidney Cyst Diseases
Subfield: Genetics
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Exploring the Impact of Knowledge Sharing and Organizational Culture on Teacher Innovation Capability

This research aims to measure the effect of tacit and explicit knowledge on teacher innovation capability in Indonesia mediated by organizational culture. Data collection was carried out by simple random sampling to 1080 population of teachers in Kecamatan Panongan Tangerang Indonesia. The returned and valid questionnaire results were 453 samples. Data processing was using SEM method with Smart PLS 3.0 software. The results of this research are tacit knowledge sharing has a positive and significant effect on teacher innovation capability, both directly and through mediating organizational culture. While explicit knowledge sharing only has a positive and significant effect on teacher innovation capability through organizational culture mediation. This novel research is proposing a model to build teacher innovation capability among teachers through tacit &amp; explicit knowledge sharing with organizational culture as mediation. This research can pave the way to improve teacher readiness in facing the education 4.0. era.

Topic: Employee Performance and Leadership
Subfield: Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management
Field: Business, Management and Accounting
Domain: Social Sciences
Physician Burnout Quality of Life/ Wellness Resource Pilot Program

Burnout is a syndrome of emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and a sense of low personal accomplishment that leads to decreased effectiveness at work (American Journal of Medicine, 2003). Despite the efforts to combat burnout, the number of U.S. physicians who experience burnout rose from 45 percent to over 50 percent between 2011 and 2014 (National Center for Biotechnology Information, 2015).&#x0D; The purpose of this quality improvement evidence-based capstone project was to determine whether a physician wellness pilot program can reduce and or eliminate burnout and stress for practicing physicians at an acute care healthcare institution in the Chicago metropolitan area. The capstone project consisted of a pre-intervention survey, an intervention and a post intervention survey. The participants targeted for this evidence-based project were practicing physicians in Illinois that span across all specialty groups. &#x0D; The physician burnout wellness pilot program was implemented during a two-week period of time during which participants were provided with resources to reduce and or eliminate symptoms of burnout. The implementation of the physician wellness pilot program capstone project showed the physicians at this organization were less stressed and more satisfied with their job at (0.555) percent compared to pre intervention survey results that faired (0.77) and that of the national average of (0.80). Additionally, the post intervention survey results showed the physicians at this organization are experiencing a lower level of burnout (0.44) percent compared to pre intervention survey results that faired (0.53), but a higher level of burnout compared to the national average (0.29).&#x0D; Physician burnout is an epidemic that requires immediate attention because it not only effects the physicians, but it effects the healthcare system. As such, regardless of the specialty and demographics of the physicians, organizations and physicians alike must do their part in assessing if burnout exists. The findings showed the importance of physicians being able to recognize the warning signs of burnout, encourage them to seek help when they are stressed, and take active steps towards ridding or reducing burnout. The findings were compatible with evidence-based research that supports building physician resilience by way of the development of a wellness program.

Topic: Healthcare professionals’ stress and burnout
Subfield: General Health Professions
Field: Health Professions
Domain: Health Sciences
Clinical supervision: community nurses’ experience

Since the publication of A Vision for the Future (Department of Health (DH) 1993) there has been a range of initiatives aimed at introducing models of clinical supervision into the nursing profession (Bishop 1998, Bond and Holland 2001, Lyth 2000, Morton-Cooper and Palmer 2000). Despite the belief that clinical supervision is beneficial to both the practitioner and client, and indeed to the advancement of clinical practice (Bowles and Young 1999), there have been varying degrees of success in introducing clinical supervision activities to nurses. Research shows there are potential problems with changing nurses’ professional behaviours (Abbot and Hotchkiss 2001, Grange et al 1998, Lima-Basto 1995), and recent studies have emphasised the importance of understanding the users’ perception of change management initiatives (Wood et al 1998). With these factors in mind, three primary care trusts in the North West of England, in collaboration with the University of Central Lancashire, evaluated a pilot implementation of clinical supervision by collecting the views of the community nurses involved before and 12 months after a formal system was introduced. This article briefly describes how the pilot was initially implemented, then gives a detailed account of the evaluation which shows how a formal system of clinical supervision was interpreted and adapted by the nurse participants.

Topic: Interprofessional Education and Collaboration
Subfield: General Health Professions
Field: Health Professions
Domain: Health Sciences
Acute Colonic Pseudo-Obstruction Associated with Parkinson’s Disease

Acute colonic pseudo-obstruction (ACPO) or Ogilvie's syndrome is defined as a massive dilation of the colon in absence of any mechanical obstruction.The majority of patients are midde-aged or elderly.The diagnosis of ACPO is based on Clinical presentation and excluding mechanical obstruction by imaging.Rapid diagnosis is the key, and institution of conservative measures often will lead to resolution.Delays in diagnosis can lead to fatal complications requiring a surgical treatment and increasing mortality.The management of Ogilvie's syndrome is not codified.In this article, we report a case of ACPO in a 42years old patient with Parkinson's disease and we discuss therapeutic approaches of Ogilvie's syndrome.

Topic: Intestinal Malrotation and Obstruction Disorders
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
The Impact of Coaching Leadership of Hair Salon Managers on Problem-Solving Ability and Job Performance

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Topic: Healthcare Education and Workforce Issues
Subfield: Leadership and Management
Field: Nursing
Domain: Health Sciences