jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
CCDC 248134: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.

Topic: Crystallization and Solubility Studies
Subfield: Materials Chemistry
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
[Role of molecular subtypes in gastrointestinal stromal tumors in a clinical setting].

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors(GIST) are known for their molecular alterations in KIT or PDGFR genes, and have become the paradigm of molecularly targeted therapies for solid tumors. Recent researches of genotype and phenotype demonstrate that molecular subtypes can predict the response to treatment with tyrosine kinase inhibitors and are related with prognosis. Different strategies will be recommended according to different molecular subtypes of GIST in the future for treatment optimization and individualization.

Topic: Gastrointestinal Tumor Research and Treatment
Subfield: Gastroenterology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
The Archaeology of Southern Africa

1. Introduction 2. Frameworks 3. Origins 4. Modern humans, modern behaviour? 5. Living through the late Pleistocene 6. From the Pleistocene into the Holocene: social and ecological models of cultural change 7. Hunting, gathering and intensifying: Holocene foragers in Southern Africa 8. History from the rocks, ethnography from the desert 9. Taking stock: the introduction and impact of pastoralism 10. Early farming communities 11. The Zimbabwe tradition 12. Later farming communities of southernmost Africa 13. The archaeology of colonialism 14. Southern African archaeology today.

Topic: Archaeology and Rock Art Studies
Subfield: Archeology
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Microstructure-Empowered Stock Factor Extraction and Utilization

High-frequency quantitative investment is a crucial aspect of stock investment. Notably, order flow data plays a critical role as it provides the most detailed level of information among high-frequency trading data, including comprehensive data from the order book and transaction records at the tick level. The order flow data is extremely valuable for market analysis as it equips traders with essential insights for making informed decisions. However, extracting and effectively utilizing order flow data present challenges due to the large volume of data involved and the limitations of traditional factor mining techniques, which are primarily designed for coarser-level stock data. To address these challenges, we propose a novel framework that aims to effectively extract essential factors from order flow data for diverse downstream tasks across different granularities and scenarios. Our method consists of a Context Encoder and an Factor Extractor. The Context Encoder learns an embedding for the current order flow data segment's context by considering both the expected and actual market state. In addition, the Factor Extractor uses unsupervised learning methods to select such important signals that are most distinct from the majority within the given context. The extracted factors are then utilized for downstream tasks. In empirical studies, our proposed framework efficiently handles an entire year of stock order flow data across diverse scenarios, offering a broader range of applications compared to existing tick-level approaches that are limited to only a few days of stock data. We demonstrate that our method extracts superior factors from order flow data, enabling significant improvement for stock trend prediction and order execution tasks at the second and minute level.

Topic: Stock Market Forecasting Methods
Subfield: Management Science and Operations Research
Field: Decision Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Copurification of  -Adrenergic Catecholamine Receptors and Hormone-Sensitive Adenylate Cyclase with Uterine Smooth Muscle Plasma Membranes

A putative plasma membrane fraction isolated from rat uterine smooth muscle was substantially enriched in both β-adrenergic catecholamine receptors as detected by radioligand binding methods and adenylate cyclase. Receptors for adrenergic catecholamines as well as series E prostaglandins were functionally coupled to the enzyme in the purified membranes by a GTP-requiring process. Localization of receptors and enzymes to the same subcellular compartment suggest that in myometrium, as in other target tissues, β-adrenergic catecholamines and perhaps series E prostaglandins exert their effects by regulating cAMP production.

Topic: Receptor Mechanisms and Signaling
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Complications of thoracic surgery: post-pneumonectomy bronchopleural fistula

Abstract: Bronchopleural fistula (BPF) describes an abnormal connection between a bronchus (main, lobar or segmental) and the pleural cavity. BPF is a recognized complication after pneumonectomy and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. The risk of post-pneumonectomy BPF (PP-BPF) is greater in right sided operations, male patients, residual tumor, barotrauma, previous TB and active infection. If suspected, diagnosis of BPF should be made expeditiously with computed tomography scanning and bronchoscopy. The management depends on the timing of presentation, the size of the fistula and the clinical status of the patient. All patients require drainage of the infected pleural space and intravenous antibiotics. In early presentations, re-do thoracotomy followed by stump closure and reinforcement with a pedicled muscle flap is recommended. If the fistula is small (<5 mm) or the patient is not fit enough for major surgery, bronchoscopic repair using fibrin glue application, stents or closure devices can be attempted. Minimally invasive techniques can also be used as a temporizing measure while optimizing a patient for a major intervention. There are multiple case reports describing novel bronchoscopic techniques for management of BPF. The risk of BPF should be reduced in high-risk patient groups by implementing bronchial stump coverage (BSC) at the time of pneumonectomy. Overall, the literature is limited by the relative rarity of the problem. Much of the literature is based on retrospective studies and case series which leads to inherent biases preventing true comparative studies in operative techniques and outcomes. Meta-analysis of case reports and new randomized controlled trials may give more evidence to support the current findings. While some simple principles should be followed, management of BPF needs to be individualized to each patient’s clinical picture.

Topic: Pleural and Pulmonary Diseases
Subfield: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Historic Preservation in Small Towns: A Manual of Practice

Journal Article Historic Preservation in Small Towns: A Manual of Practice. By Arthur P. Ziegler, Jr., and Walter C. Kidney. (Nashville: American Association for State and Local History, 1980. xi + 146 pp. Illustrations, appendixes, bibliography, and index. Paper, $8.95.) Get access John R. Jameson John R. Jameson Washington State University Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of American History, Volume 68, Issue 1, June 1981, Pages 93–94, https://doi.org/10.2307/1890905 Published: 01 June 1981

Topic: Cultural Heritage Management and Preservation
Subfield: Archeology
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Acute effects of whole-body vibration on elastic charge time in trained male athletes

Whole-body vibration (WBV) has been shown to increase jump height, power and strength but the mechanisms behind these changes are not fully understood. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of WBV on elastic charge time, a surrogate measure of tendon and aponeurosis stiffness. 7 trained males were exposed to 10 vibrations at 30 Hz ± 4 mm with 60 seconds rest between each exposure. Pre and post-tests were conducted immediately, 5, 10, 15, 20, 30 and 40 minutes following vibration exposure. A significant increase in elastic charge times of both vibrated (p=0.004) and control (p=0.024) limbs suggest whole-body vibration decreases tendon and aponeurosis stiffness, possibly due to a warm-up effect of the lower limbs. Further study of the muscle stiffness response to vibration will improve understanding of the mechanisms behind performance improvements following vibration exposure.

Topic: Effects of Vibration on Health
Subfield: Orthopedics and Sports Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Transurethral Resection

This short, clear volume on transurethral resection is an appeal basically to British urologists and surgeons to perform more transurethral resections. As a result, John Blandy has presented a valuable work for the urology resident who is beginning his transurethral work. The illustrations and explanations are clear. The chapter on instruments and equipment is excellent. The historical narrative should be of interest to the young urologist. It made me feel a great appreciation for the advances in urology from the time I first learned transurethral resection from Dr Nathaniel G. Alcock, one of the pioneers in the procedure. I was surprised that Dr Alcock's name was not mentioned, as he also developed the three-way catheter. The chapter on transurethral resection of bladder tumors is the best that I have seen, although I think that his approach is bold and not as generally accepted as he states. There are several areas

Topic: Bladder and Urothelial Cancer Treatments
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Muscle Tissue Reactions to Implantation of Bone Matrix Gelatin

Histologic changes of muscle tissue in the early stage of heterotopic osteogenesis induced by syngeneic insoluble bone matrix gelatin (BMG) with bone morphogenetic protein in rats was observed by light and electron microscopy. BMG induced cartilage in muscle tissue by Day 7 after its implantation, woven bone by Day 10, and lamellar bone with bone marrow by Day 14. The new findings in this work include (1) the disappearance of the basement membrane of muscle fibers; (2) the activation of the satellite cells of muscle fibers; (3) the appearance of fibroblastlike cells that closely resembled activated satellite cells among the degenerated muscle fibers or on the surface of the BMG; and (4) the change of fibroblastlike cells to chondroblasts or osteoblasts. These findings suggest that intramuscular implantation of BMG caused the conspicuous disappearance of the basement membrane of the muscle fiber and may play a part in osteogenesis induced by BMG.

Topic: Connective tissue disorders research
Subfield: Genetics
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Beyond Debate: Gender in Play in Old French Courtly Fiction

Many courtly fictions, thought of as a site for articulating and promulgating normative gender roles, also debated, and sometimes (temporarily) destabilized, gender identities. Just at a time when formal debates about women circulated in Latin and Old French, a number of courtly texts questioned the nexus of gender, language, and power. Marie de France's Guigemar, the chantefable Aucassin et Nicolette, and Heldris de Cornualle's Roman de Silence serve as illustration.

Topic: Historical and Literary Studies
Subfield: Anthropology
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
[The overall and step-by-step duration of cesarean section].

The purpose of this study is to define the time for different steps of Caesarean section from the moment the women lays on the operating table to the last stitch on the skin. The study is prospective and include 82 elective and emergent CS. The traditional surgical technique is used without omitting any step. The mean stay of the women in the operating theater is 90 min. The preparation for the anesthesia/analgesia is 23 min (range 8-41). The proper time of the operation is 44.3 min. The laparotomy by Pannenstiel incision takes 3 min. The opening time of the uterus is 37 sec (10-190) and the closer on two layers is 17 min (10-35). The extraction of the foetus takes 53 sec (15-180). The exteriorization of the uterus doesn't affect the repair time. Leaving the visceral and parietal peritoneum unsutured can spare 5.5 min. The elective CS takes more time than the emergent one. The time from the beginning of the operation to the extraction of the foetus is longer in resection (7 min) than in first CS (5 min).

Topic: Cardiac, Anesthesia and Surgical Outcomes
Subfield: Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Robustness Analysis of Uncertain Time-Varying Interconnected Systems Using Integral Quadratic Constraints

This paper extends the dissipativity-based framework for robustness analysis using integral quadratic constraints (IQCs) to the class of uncertain distributed systems. We consider linear time-varying subsystems interconnected over finite arbitrary directed graphs, where each subsystem is affected by an uncertainty operator described using an IQC, and the interconnections between the subsystems are represented using spatial states. The effectiveness of the proposed framework is demonstrated using an illustrative example.

Topic: Stability and Control of Uncertain Systems
Subfield: Control and Systems Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Mindfulness and Its Impact on Adaptive Coping and Psychological Well-Being: An Intervention for Undergraduate Students

The concept of mindfulness has been shown to positively impact psychological well-being, and one application of mindfulness-based interventions has been the development and implementation of courses specifically for college students, a population that has been shown to be particularly vulnerable to the negative impacts of stress. While these interventions have displayed beneficial outcomes, the mechanisms of how mindfulness exerts its impact remain unclear. One potential mechanism of mindfulness’ enhancement of well-being may be through its cultivation of an adaptive coping style in which an individual becomes more likely to approach and investigate stressors rather than avoid them. In this study, an online mindfulness-based intervention for college students was developed and implemented. Course participants were assessed before and after the course to investigate the course’s impact on mindfulness, psychological well-being, and adaptive coping (defined as higher approach coping and lower avoidant coping scores), and to assess the potentially mediating role of adaptive coping in the relationship between mindfulness and psychological well-being. Results revealed significant increases in mindfulness and in one domain of psychological well-being (environmental mastery) following the course but did not reveal significant improvements in other well-being domains nor significant changes in adaptive coping. Therefore, the planned mediation analysis was not conducted. A post-hoc hierarchical regression analysis revealed significant relationships between mindfulness and adaptive coping in the hypothesized directions while controlling for participants’ scores before the course. This may indicate that participants who developed significantly in their capacity for mindfulness practice may indeed have demonstrated the impact upon adaptive coping hypothesized in this study. Future research should continue to investigate these potential changes and their impact on the often-stressful lives of college students.

Topic: Mindfulness and Compassion Interventions
Subfield: Clinical Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
The Smell of Fear

In 2009, studies found that body odor could be characteristic of fear and influence others. A team from the University of New Jersey focused on learning fear through smell. The researchers used a conventional conditioning system with a neutral odor for mice, acetophenone coupled with an electric shock to the paw. Logically, after conditioning, the mouse showed fear when presented with acetophenone alone. There was a suspicion of greater sensitivity to odor once the learning was completed, and the researchers' innovative idea was to work on the peripheral system, i.e. the receptors in the nasal cavities and the first relay in the brain, namely, the olfactory bulb. They used genetically modified mice to make acetophenone neuroreceptors produce a specific compound that binds to vesicles containing neurotransmitters and becomes fluorescent when released into the synapse.

Topic: Olfactory and Sensory Function Studies
Subfield: Sensory Systems
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences
Parametric study of standard RHS double chord K-joints

An ultimate strength theory is developed for double chord rectangular hollow section (RHS) K-joints that accounts for both perfectly plastic and strain hardening material characteristics. The parameters that are investigated are chord depth–width ratio, eccentricity, chord preloading, and diagonal–chord angle. Interaction curves are presented that relate the diagonal and chord axial forces for different combinations of the parameters. It is shown that joints may suffer significant reductions in strength with an increase in eccentricity for the case when shear capacity of the chord's webs does not govern overall strength.Various detailing alternatives are investigated to improve joint capacity for prescribed weldment lengths. These include altering the diagonal–chord angle and the chord depth–width ratio.

Topic: Structural Load-Bearing Analysis
Subfield: Civil and Structural Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
The influence of physician information on patient's medical decision-making in mHealth services (Preprint)

<sec> <title>BACKGROUND</title> As a new way to share medical information, mHealth is currently booming, which provides a new solution for the improvement of physician-patient relationship. On the one hand, mHealth service breaks the limitation of time and space, reduces the cost of searching for information for patients, and makes medical service “at your fingertips”. However, on the other hand, it makes information overload and brings difficulties to patients' decision-making. </sec> <sec> <title>OBJECTIVE</title> This study aims to discover the physician information that plays a key role in patient’s decision-making and to explore the mechanism by which this information contributes to patient’s decision-making. Therefore, enriching the theoretical basis of information selection and processing of patients, which play a guiding role in the future APPs construction and information management of mHealth from the perspective of improving patient’s satisfaction. </sec> <sec> <title>METHODS</title> In the study, eye tracking experiment is designed to discover key factors that influence a patient’s medical decision-making in choosing a physician. Then based on the SOR model and online trust theory, from the perspective of cognitive trust and affective trust, the patient expertise is used as the moderating variable to construct the research model of physician information on patient's medical decision-making. </sec> <sec> <title>RESULTS</title> The results of the eye tracking experiment reveal that there are 7 aspects of physician information which play a key role in patients' medical decision-making. The results of the research model reveal that (1) physician’s profile photo information affects patient's medical decision-making by positively influencing affective trust (P&lt;.001); (2) physician’s non profile photo information affects patient's medical decision-making by positively influencing cognitive trust (P&lt;.001); (3) patient-generated information affects patient's medical decision-making by positively affecting cognitive trust (P&lt;.001) and affective trust (P&lt;.001), and the patient expertise plays a positive moderating role in both paths (P=.04 and P=.01, respectively); and (4) cognitive trust and affective trust both positively affect patient’s medical decision-making but affective trust plays a more significant role (P&lt;.001 and P&lt;.001, respectively). </sec> <sec> <title>CONCLUSIONS</title> It is concluded that 7 aspects of physician information are mainly resorted to by patients when they make their medical decision-making, and trust plays an important role in it. In addition, the level of patient expertise is an important variable in moderating physician information and patients’ trust. </sec>

Topic: Digital Marketing and Social Media
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Heat Transfer in a Reacting System

均相瞬間反応系であるN2O4-NO2ガスを円管内に流し, 壁における境膜伝熱係数, 温度および流速分布を測定した。平均のNu数は物性値を平均のエンタルピにおける値を用いると, Colburnの式で整理することができ, その係数は0.023であった。エンタルピーを推進力にとり, 反応による密度と粘度の変化を考慮して, Deisslerのアナロジーを適用して流速分布とエンタルピー分布を求め, 実験値と比較した。

Topic: Innovative Microfluidic and Catalytic Techniques Innovation
Subfield: Biomedical Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Human Action Sequence Classification

This paper classifies human action sequences from videos using a machine translation model. In contrast to classical human action classification which outputs a set of actions, our method output a sequence of action in the chronological order of the actions performed by the human. Therefore our method is evaluated using sequential performance measures such as Bilingual Evaluation Understudy (BLEU) scores. Action sequence classification has many applications such as learning from demonstration, action segmentation, detection, localization and video captioning. Furthermore, we use our model that is trained to output action sequences to solve downstream tasks; such as video captioning and action localization. We obtain state of the art results for video captioning in challenging Charades dataset obtaining BLEU-4 score of 34.8 and METEOR score of 33.6 outperforming previous state-of-the-art of 18.8 and 19.5 respectively. Similarly, on ActivityNet captioning, we obtain excellent results in-terms of ROUGE (20.24) and CIDER (37.58) scores. For action localization, without using any explicit start/end action annotations, our method obtains localization performance of 22.2 mAP outperforming prior fully supervised methods.

Topic: Human Pose and Action Recognition
Subfield: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Photoaffinity labeling of the ribosomal peptidyl transferase site with synthetic puromycin analogs

A photoaffinity labeling puromycin analogue, Nepsilon-(2-nitro-4-azidophenyl)-L-lysinyl puromycin aminonucleoside (NAP-Lys-Pan), was synthesized and used for investigation of the peptidyl transferase center of 70S riobsomes. Visible light irradiation of NAP-Lys-Pan led to covalent linkage of the analogue with Escherichia coli ribosomes. In a subsequent step, poly(uridylic acid) was employed to direct Ac[14C]Phe-tRNA to the P sites of the photolabeled ribosomes. Transpeptidation of Ac[14C]phenylalanine to the bound NAP-Lys-Pan resulted in selective incorporation of radioactive label into the peptidyl transferase A site. Dissociation of the ribosomes into subunits, and digestion of the RNA components, indicated that the radioactive label was incorporated into a protein fraction of the 50S subunit.

Topic: Advanced biosensing and bioanalysis techniques
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences