jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Sustainability and Resource Equilibrium Evaluation of a Tourism Traffic Network Based on a Tourism Traffic Matching Curve

The accompanying increased traffic due to the rapid development of tourism at present calls for the better sustainability and equilibrium of tourism and traffic resources in the future. In recent decades, considerable attention has been paid to highway network planning, while studies focusing on sustainable tourism traffic networks, especially evaluation methods of limited tourism and traffic resources, have proven less successful. Through conceptual transfer, we proposed the tourism traffic matching curve, which not only simplifies the method of sustainability and equilibrium evaluation, but also ensures that the results are more direct and effective. In the upper layer, we analyzed the main factors of tourism traffic network development, which contributed to a comprehensive benefit-oriented multi-objective model of tourism traffic network in MATLAB. In this model, the long-neglected tourism economy radiation effect was considered, and a genetic algorithm was introduced in the solution. In the lower layer, the characteristics of the tourism traffic matching curve and the two crucial equilibrium indexes, the Tourism Traffic Uniformity Coefficient ( T L C U ) and Curvature Coefficient ( T L C C ), were provided. With instances from Guangdong Province, the proposed system was proven to be more efficient and concise than other systems, which identified the need for future research on establishing effective criteria and a theoretical analysis method for dynamic adjustment.

Topic: Transportation Planning and Optimization
Subfield: Transportation
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Atomic Orientation in Chromospheric Lines

Abstract Observations of the Stokes I and V profiles of the Ca II H and K lines in solar magnetic regions are presented. Least-squares fits of dI/dλ to V are obtained and the wavelength variation of the residuals, i. e. V-kdI/dλ, calculated. We find significant symmetric residuals in umbrae, which are in agreement with the effect on the V profiles due to atomic orientation , i.e. with the existence of an unequal population of the Zeeman sublevels with M&gt;0 with respect to those with M&lt;0.

Topic: Solar and Space Plasma Dynamics
Subfield: Astronomy and Astrophysics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Clinical Studies on the Diseases of the Teeth in Cleft Lip and Palate Patients

顎顔面領域裂奇形が歯牙の形成および歯牙疾患に及ぼす影響を明らかにするために, 唇顎口蓋裂患者と3歳対照健常児の乳歯および永久歯について歯質異常, 歯牙疾患の実態を検索し次の結果を得た。対象は唇顎口蓋裂患者275名, 乳歯2, 511歯, 永久歯617歯と対照群として3歳児検診者62名, 乳歯1, 029歯である。唇顎口蓋裂患者におけるエナメル質形成不全症罹患者率は80.4%, 罹患歯率は乳歯25.2%, 永久歯19.5%で対照群より有意差をもって高い発症頻度であった。エナメル質形成不全症の発現様式は少数歯性68.8%, 多数歯性31.2%であり, 片側および両側唇顎口蓋裂群で少数歯性が多く, 口蓋裂群で多数歯性の比率が高かった。多数歯性形成不全の好発部位は乳前歯歯頸部 (63.8%) と乳前歯中間部 (21.7%) であり, 発症時期は出生時から乳幼児期が多いものと推定された。少数歯性形成不全の好発部位は乳歯C歯頸部 (12.5%) Aの切縁部 (10.7%) と歯頸部 (7.7%) , Cの歯頸部 (9.2%) , 永久歯上顎前歯部の切縁, 中間, 歯頸部であり, その発症時期は上顎乳前歯では胎生期その他の乳歯では乳幼児期永久歯では幼児前期がそれぞれ多いものと推定された。顎裂をともなった症例ではA切縁部の発症頻度が特に高く, 上顎乳前歯破裂側で非破裂側より形成不全が多かった。著者の臨床型分類によれば破裂群多数歯性では1度40.6%, III度33.3%, II度18.8%, V度5.8%, IV度1.4%, 少数歯性では1度54.0%, V度14.6%, II度12.3%, III度11.9%, IV度7.3%であり, 多数歯性の乳前歯歯頸部にIII度1度, 中間部にI度II度が多く, 少数歯性では片側および両側唇顎口蓋裂群のA切縁部にV度が多いのが特徴的であった。各臨床型についてmicroradiogramを観察したところ齲蝕および斑状歯とは異なった所見であった。既往症を調べたところ発症誘因として哺乳障害, 体重増加不良が考えられたが口唇形成手術, 口蓋形成手術の時期に相応して発現しているものも多かった。唇顎口蓋裂患者の齲蝕罹患者率, 罹患歯率, 平均齲歯数, 平均処置歯数を乳歯。永久歯にわけて調査し, 3歳児対象群および昭和50年厚生省歯科疾患実態調査と比較したところ, 齲蝕罹患者率 (乳歯71.9%, 永久歯57.7%) には差がなかったが, 全症例で乳歯平均齲歯数 (4.96歯) , 平均処置歯数 (1.59歯) が多く, 3歳児では平均齲歯数が多く, 平均処置歯数が少なかった。齲蝕型は厚生省分類B型, 医歯大小児歯科分類皿型が多かった。永久歯歯牙萌出順序は片側および両側唇顎口蓋裂群で6-1-6-2-1, 口蓋裂群で6-1-6-1-2の傾向であった。過剰歯は全症例中11歯, 癒合歯は8例みられた。

Topic: Cleft Lip and Palate Research
Subfield: Genetics
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
[Effect of neutral red on the cytotoxic activity of olivomycin].

Olivomycin accumulation in living cells first of all occurs in the cytoplasm or probably the cell lysosomes. The nuclear fluorescence of the cells incubated in olivomycin solution was observed in 60-90 minutes. Simultaneously with the nuclear fluorescence there was observed disappearance of the cytoplasm fluorescence. Intensive nuclear fluorescence was recorded in 15-30 minutes in 60-70% of the cells incubated in a solution of neutral red and subsequently treated with olivomycin. The amount of olivomycin bound to the nuclear DNA in dead cells in the presence of Mg++ and at pH 7.2 was so high that the cell nuclei produced yellow-green fluorescence. No binding of olivomycin to the nuclear DNA was observed in acid media. The cytotoxic activity of olivomycin after incubation with the human fibroblasts in a solution of neutral red increased 100 times. Olivomycin may be used for determination of vital activity of the cells when their lysosome function is not impaired.

Topic: DNA and Nucleic Acid Chemistry
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Episodic and Semantic Memory for Melodies in Alzheimer's Disease

the present study addressed episodic and semantic memory for melodies in three groups of participants: 35 younger adults, 40 older adults, and 10 individuals with mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease (AD). To assess episodic memory, a study list of eight novel target melodies was presented three times, followed by a test trial in which target melodies were mixed with foil (previously unheard) melodies. Both explicit and implicit measures were obtained. Explicit memory was assessed by the accuracy of discrimination of the target melodies from the foils. Younger adults were significantly more accurate than older adults, who in turn had significantly higher scores than AD adults. Implicit memory was assessed by examining the difference in pleasantness ratings between target and foil melodies. Younger adults showed significantly greater differences in pleasantness ratings than older adults and AD adults; scores for the two latter groups did not differ. To assess semantic memory, participants were asked to identify traditional melodies within a series of traditional and novel melodies. In contrast to the episodic memory results, all three groups showed very high scores on the semantic memory task with no significant differences among groups. The results support the notion that, though other forms of musical memory may be compromised, semantic memory for melody may be preserved in normal aging and in AD.

Topic: Neuroscience and Music Perception
Subfield: Cognitive Neuroscience
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences
Kochanek Sybilli Thompson Marii Pawlikowskiej-Jasnorzewskiej – Utopia czy dystopia?

Maria Pawlikowska-Jasnorzewska’s futurological fantasy from 1926 entitled Kochanek Sybilli Thompson (The Lover of Sybilla Thompson) seems to be a realistic social utopia. On the one hand, it reflects the spirit of the moral revolution of the interwar period and refers to the beginnings of aesthetic medicine and cosmetic treatments aimed at rejuvenation. On the other hand, it heralds – how aptly – the era of hippie free love, polyamorous relationships of the 1970s, the time of the next sexual revolution, but also the time of much more advanced plastic surgeries and cosmetic technologies. However, a careful reading of the drama allows us to see the critical (and also satirical) dimension of the story about a seventy eight-year-old woman who decided to rejuvenate herself in order to experience physical love once again. Joyful utopia becomes sad dystopia. In my article I look at this dualism: utopian – dystopian, realistic – fantastic, joyful – sad, young – old, modern – conservative, and the game of tension between oppositional concepts.

Topic: Education and Cultural Studies
Subfield: Education
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
RAWLS ON SELF-RESPECT AND SOCIAL UNION

Journal of Chinese PhilosophyVolume 5, Issue 3 p. 255-269 RAWLS ON SELF-RESPECT AND SOCIAL UNION WAYNE PROUDFOOT, WAYNE PROUDFOOT Columbia UniversitySearch for more papers by this author WAYNE PROUDFOOT, WAYNE PROUDFOOT Columbia UniversitySearch for more papers by this author First published: September 1978 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6253.1978.tb00061.xRead the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Volume5, Issue3September 1978Pages 255-269 RelatedInformation

Topic: Critical Theory and Philosophy
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Purification of Tomato leaf curl Bangalore virus and production of polyclonal antibodies

Tomato leaf curl Bangalore virus (ToLCBV) was successfully transmitted using viruliferous whiteflies (Bemisia tabaci) to several tomato varieties and hybrids, viz. Arka vikas, Pusa ruby, Rashmi, Rakshitha and Swaraksha. Hybrid Rashmi took 100% uniform infection, which was selected for further propagation of the virus. ToLCBV was also transmitted to Nicotiana benthamiana; the rate of infection was 30–40% in spite of two inoculations with 10–15 viruliferous B. tabaci/plant. The virus was purified and polyclonal antisera were produced in rabbits by injecting purified native virus and recombinant coat protein (rCP) of ToLCBV. The antisera of ToLCBV and ToLCBV rCP had a titre of 1 : 8000 and 1 : 400 respectively, when tested with infected leaf extract of tomato. Both sources of antisera successfully detected begomovirus infections in reservoir host plants, viz. Parthenium hysterophorus, Acanthospermum hispidum, Ageratum conyzoides, and fieldcollected tomato samples and cross-reacted with hibiscus leaf curl in DAC–ELSIA.

Topic: Plant Virus Research Studies
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
MACHETE: synthesis of sequential machines for easy testability

Test generation for sequential machines is known to be computationally expensive. The authors present a scheme, called MACHETE (MACHines for Easy TEstability), for synthesizing easily testable architectures for sequential machines by adding some state transitions and their associated output vectors to the state transition table. This is done to make the internal states of the machine easily controllable as well as observable. This can enable us to obtain a high fault coverage in reasonable amounts of CPU time.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>

Topic: Embedded Systems Design Techniques
Subfield: Hardware and Architecture
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Effect of some factors on growth of lambs from crossing between the Improved Wallachian and East Friesian

The effect of some factors (genotype, sex, litter size, age of dam at lambing, month of lambing and year of birth of lamb) on the growth of lambs - crossbreds between the Improved Wallachian (IW) and East Friesian (EF) breed was evaluated in operating conditions during two successive years. Three genotypes were evaluated: IW 50 EF 50, EF 75 IW 25 and EF 87.5 IW 12.5. The evaluation of the effect of genotype on growth showed that this factor did not have a significant effect on the majority of growth traits under study. In the period from birth to 100 days of age the highest daily gain was found in IW 50 EF 50 (263 g). The daily gains of EF 75 IW 25 and EF 87.5 IW 12.5 in this period were lower but identical (244 g). Age of dam had a significant effect on the majority of growth traits under study. Sex of lamb had a significant effect on body weight at 100 days of age and also on the majority of daily gains under study. The factors litter size, month of lambing and year of lamb birth were the most significant sources of variation of daily gains. As far as the non-genetic factors were concerned, the highest daily gains from birth to 100 days of age were recorded in males (259 g), in singles (260 g), in lambs from 4-years-old ewes (269 g), in lambs born in January (263 g) and in lambs born in the first year of evaluation (256 g). The analysis of phenotypic correlations indicated that body weight at birth showed a positive and highly significant (P ≤ 0.01) effect on the majority of growth traits under study. All phenotypic correlations between individual body weights were positive and high (P ≤ 0.01). The majority of phenotypic correlations between individual daily gains under study were also positive and high (P ≤ 0.01).

Topic: Genetic and phenotypic traits in livestock
Subfield: Genetics
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Mechanical tweezer action by self-tightening knots in surfactant nanotubes

Entanglements and trefoil knots on surfactant nanotubes in the liquid phase were produced by a combination of network self-organization and micromanipulation. The resulting knots are self-tightening, and the tightening is driven by minimization of surface free energy of the surfactant membrane material. The formation of the knot and the steady-state knot at quasi-equilibrium can be directly followed and localized by using fluorescence microscopy. Knots on nanotubes can be used as nanoscale mechanical tweezers for trapping and manipulation of single nano- and micrometer-sized high-aspect ratio objects. Furthermore, we demonstrate that by controlling the surface tension, objects captured by a knot can be transported along given trajectories defined by the nanotube axes.

Topic: Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics
Subfield: Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
LONDON'S BARBER-ELIJAH: THOMAS MOOR AND UNIVERSAL SALVATION IN THE 1690S

A prominent feature of post-Reformation English theology is a strong tradition of plebeian heresy. English people, men and women, without knowledge of learned languages or the theological canon, derived original religious ideas from their own experiences or personal study of the Bible, as well as from an eclectic miscellany of other texts.England did not, of course, have a monopoly on plebeian heresy. The most celebrated early modern plebeian heretic known to us today is probably the Italian miller Menocchio, the subject of Carlo Ginzburg's study: The Cheese and the Worms: The Cosmos of a Sixteenth-Century Miller (Trans. John and Ann Tedeschi; Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1980). Plebeian heretics often emerged from the artisan classes, possessing literacy and access to at least a small collection of books, always including the Bible. They elaborated their individual theologies outside both the dominant orthodoxy of the Anglican church and that of the major dissenting bodies.

Topic: Reformation and Early Modern Christianity
Subfield: History
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
The Human NAD+-Dependent 15-Hydroxyprostaglandin Dehydrogenase Gene Promoter Is Controlled by Ets and Activating Protein-1 Transcription Factors and Progesterone

NAD+-dependent 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (PGDH) is a key catabolic enzyme in the inactivation of PGF2alpha and PGE2 and therefore serves as an important determinant in regulating their local concentrations. To gain insights into the transcriptional regulation of this enzyme, we have isolated 3.5 kb of the 5'-flanking sequence of the human PGDH promoter and characterized its control in hemopoietic cells and cells of myometrial and placental origin. Several potential binding sites for cAMP-responsive element-binding protein (CREB), Ets, and activating protein-1 (AP-1) transcription factors are present within 2368 bp of the 5'-flanking region. This region and deletions thereof were fused to the luciferase reporter gene and used for transient transfection experiments. In Jurkat leukemic T cells, which express PGDH endogenously, the transfected PGDH promoter was strongly induced by phorbol ester. Induction was reversed by coexpression of A-Fos, a dominant negative to AP-1. In primary cultures of myometrial smooth muscle cells (SMC), the Ets family members Ets-1, Ets-2, and PEA3 potently stimulated transcriptional activity of the PGDH promoter. PEA3-mediated activation was partially repressed by A-Fos, suggesting an involvement of AP-1 proteins, which might be conferred by a distal and a proximal Ets/ AP-1 composite element. The distal Ets/AP-1 element is flanked by two CRE-like sequences. Cotransfection of A-CREB, a dominant negative to CREB, inhibited stimulation of PGDH-2368/luc3 by PEA3 in myometrial SMC, whereas treatment with 8-bromo-cAMP moderately enhanced promoter activity. Progesterone is believed to be an important stimulus for PGDH expression in the utero-placental unit, thus contributing to the maintenance of a quiescent uterus during pregnancy. In myometrial SMC, both isoforms of the progesterone receptor, PR-B and PR-A, caused a ligand-dependent activation of PGDH-2368/luc3. Transcriptional activity of PR-B, but not PR-A, was further enhanced by the addition of 8-bromo-cAMP. We could not confirm a recently proposed transcriptional control of PGDH by mineralocorticoid receptor. No effect of mineralocorticoid receptor, in the absence or presence of aldosterone, with or without 8-bromo-cAMP, was observed on PGDH-2368/luc3. Taken together, these findings demonstrate control of the PGDH promoter by multiple pathways and provide evidence for cross-talk among Ets, AP-1, cAMP, and PR-mediated signaling, suggesting complex regulatory mechanisms for the expression of PGDH.

Topic: Inflammatory mediators and NSAID effects
Subfield: Pharmacology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Low-energy ionization of hydrocarbons in the quadrupole ion trap mass spectrometer

The capabilities of a commercial ion trap mass spectrometer to readily perform chemical ionization experiments have been exploited to account for the restrictions of the instrument to perform low-energy (∼10 eV) electron ionization (EI) experiments. CS2 and benzene have been used as representative reagent compounds for low-energy ionization by charge exchange in the ion trap with the main objective being the production of mass spectra of hydrocarbon compounds with intense peaks in the molecular ion region. n -Pentane was used as a representative small alkane reagent compound to investigate its capability to form intense peaks of molecular ion species in the spectra of saturated hydrocarbons. No intense peaks were produced in the molecular ion region, by any of the three reagents, for the mass spectra of model linear saturated hydrocarbons. The relatively weak stability of these compounds and the excess amounts of internal energy supplied by the various dynamic processes in the ion trap may partly account for the increased fragmentation. Intense molecular ion species and fragment ion peaks were observed in the mass spectra of cyclic saturated hydrocarbons. Charge exchange of aromatic compounds with CS2 and benzene produced mass spectra with intense molecular ion peaks and limited fragmentation, similar to the mass spectra obtained in conventional mass spectrometers. The methods developed in this study were used for the analysis of typical middle distillate and heavy petroleum samples. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Topic: Mass Spectrometry Techniques and Applications
Subfield: Spectroscopy
Field: Chemistry
Domain: Physical Sciences
The Intersections of Sport History and Sport Literature: Toward a Transdisciplinary Perspective

As scholars embraced a ‘cultural turn’ in the humanities and social sciences in the 1980s, they began to use a vast array of new theories in these fields of knowledge with particular attention to language, symbols and systems of representation. This ‘cultural turn’ had a considerable influence on research in sports studies as historians and sociologists began to examine the cultural dimensions of sport with the viewpoint that sport is a reflection or mirror of culture a product, and sport historians began to consider a variety of sources for the writing of sport history, including creative texts, (novels most predominantly) and film in the writing of sport history. Initially, sport historians have tended to appropriate literature as yet another source for the writing of sport history, equating it with other sources such as archival material. It is contended that such a use of literature was limited by the interdisciplinary and multidisciplinary perspectives of recent scholarship. It is further maintained that a transdisciplinary perspective that engages with shared knowledge that exists between sport history and sport literature enriches the work of sport historians.

Topic: Sports, Gender, and Society
Subfield: Gender Studies
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Control of vortex breakdown by addition of near-axis swirl

We present a new method for controlling vortex breakdown (VB) via addition of co- or counter-rotation near the axis. Co-rotation is adequate to totally suppress VB, whereas counter-rotation increases the number and size of VB “bubbles” and makes the flow unsteady. We study these effects in a closed cylindrical container, in which a rotating end disc drives the base flow; an independently rotating central rod (with rod radius≪disk radius) is employed to control VB. This flow, being free of ambient disturbances, is well suited for understanding both the VB mechanism and its control; the present work appears to be the first to study VB control. We develop and explain our control strategy using flow visualization and simple analytical reasoning. Our results suggest that an additional co- or counter-rotation, applied near the vortex axis, can be effective in suppressing or enhancing VB in practical flows.

Topic: Fluid Dynamics and Turbulent Flows
Subfield: Computational Mechanics
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Residue Determination of Dimethoate in Leafy Vegetables (Spinach) using RP- HPLC

Residues of Dimethoate present in locally available Spinach varities - Palak : Beta maritima, Vendhai : Trigonella foenumgraecum, Thandan : Amarnathus mangostanus - green and red were determined. The quantification was carried out using RP-HPLC for unprocessed (fresh) and processed (washed, washed and cooked) Spinach samples. The extraction was carried out with benzene. It was found that unprocessed Dimethoate Spinach contains dimethoate residue which is slightly more than the tolerance limit, while the processed sample contains dimethoate residue within the tolerance limit. The washed samples (3 times under ordinary tap water) showed 28-50 % reduction while the cooked samples (boiling for 15 min) shows 58-71 % reduction compared to the unprocessed samples. Hence it can be concluded that in case of greens, it should be washed three times with ordinary water and then cooked (cooked for fifteen minutes) so that the pesticide residue is very much reduced and it will be well within the tolerance limit as specified by EPA (Environmental Protection Agency).

Topic: Pesticide Residue Analysis and Safety
Subfield: Food Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences