jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Closed reduction versus open reduction anatomical locking plate treatment of distal tibia fractures

Objective To compare closed reduction and open reduction and anatomic locking plate( LCP) the curative effect of fixation for distal tibial fracture. Methods 92 patients with distal tibial fractures were randomly divided into closed reduction( group A) and open reduction( group B),46 cases with closed reduction and percutaneous minimally invasive inside or outside the anatomy of the LCP and LCP fixation( ORIF) fixed treatment,compared two groups of operation time,intraoperative blood loss,hospital stay,fracture healing time,down time. Tornetta standard was used to evaluate the postoperative efficacy. Results In group A in the operation time,intraoperative blood loss, hospitalization time,fracture healing time and walking time,functional satisfaction was better than that of group B, the difference had statistical significance( P 0. 01,P 0. 05). Conclusions Closed reduction and percutaneous minimally invasive treatment of distal tibial fracture small trauma,conducive to fracture healing and early functional exercise,curative effect is relatively open reduction and the anatomy of the LCP fixation for distal tibial fracture.

Topic: Bone fractures and treatments
Subfield: Epidemiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
What progress have countries made in closing gender gaps in education and beyond?

Despite numerous measures, gender stereotypes about abilities in mathematics and reading persist in schools, affecting both boys' and girls' schooling and educational choices. Inequalities also persist outside the classroom, where women, despite greater educational attainment, experience lower employment rates and often receive lower salaries than men with similar levels of education. Nonetheless, the many measures taken by countries have brought some encouraging signs of progress. However, more work is needed to ensure that improvements in education are also reflected in improvements once boys and girls transition into the world of work.

Topic: Poverty, Education, and Child Welfare
Subfield: Safety Research
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Friction Induced Vibrations: Oscillatory Instability with Dissipative and Gyroscopic Influences On Modelling and Simulation of Brake-Squeal

Despite all efforts in the past, brake squeal is still a problem. Even detailed simulations only hardly allow for good predictions and the discrepancy to experiments may be considerable from case to case. This paper revisits the general pattern of the equations of motion of moving continua and shows how transport motions provoke gyroscopic terms. Concerning the contact formulation, Lagrange-Multipliers and a penalty technique are compared. Furthermore, the linearization of the friction forces gives rise to gyroscopic and circulatory matrices, where the latter may cause flutter instability. Moreover, it is deduced that undamped gyroscopic-circulatory systems are always unstable. Hence, a thorough modelling of damping will be a key issue. Further, it is shown that small damping may have the surprising effect to destabilize a stable system (“Ziegler’s paradox”).

Topic: Brake Systems and Friction Analysis
Subfield: Automotive Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Commentary on: The Positive Patient Experience: A Comprehensive Analysis of Plastic Surgery Online Reviews

See the Original Article here. Although most of us feel quite comfortable in describing the physical characteristics of a high-quality consumer good, describing the attributes of a great service experience can be more challenging, especially when the service involves specialized technical knowledge. Such is the case in aesthetic surgery. Besides an attractive outward appearance, the understanding of and ability to judge the finer points of the technical quality of surgical procedures is knowledge that can only be acquired through years of residency and practice experience, and only truly known to another plastic surgeon. So, pray tell, how do patients write an online review of a plastic surgeon, and upon what “expertise” is it based? This idea is what lies at the heart of this article by Furnas et al.1 The authors have combed through approximately 11,000 online reviews attributable to 5 plastic surgeons from each of 6 major US metropolitan regions, taking publicly available material from Google (Mountain View, CA), Yelp (San Francisco, CA), and RealSelf (Seattle, WA) as their source. The surgeons selected sat in the top position of search engine listings. In addition to finding interesting information regarding geographic differences about online reviews and the 3 platforms, the authors sorted the free-text comments into thematic groups for the positive reviews (4-5 stars) and negative reviews (1-2 stars) from RealSelf (Table 1).1

Topic: Patient Satisfaction in Healthcare
Subfield: General Health Professions
Field: Health Professions
Domain: Health Sciences
Analytical solutions with Generalized Impedance Boundary Conditions (GIBC)

The diffraction by a material discontinuity in a thick dielectric/ferrite layer is considered by modeling the layer as a distributed current sheet obeying generalized sheet transition conditions (GSTC's). The sheet currents are then formulated and solved via the standard dual integral equation approach. This yields the diffracted field in terms of unknown constants which underscore the non-uniqueness of the GSTC current sheet representation. The constants are dependent on the geometry and properties of the discontinuity and are determined by enforcing field continuity across the material junction. This requires the field internal to the slab which are determined from the external ones via analytic continuity. Results are given which validate the solution and demonstrate the importance of the constants.

Topic: Orthoptera Research and Taxonomy
Subfield: Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Phosphorylation of Pnut in the Early Stages of<i>Drosophila</i>Embryo Development Affects Association of the Septin Complex with the Membrane and Is Important for Viability

Abstract Septin proteins are polymerizing GTPases that are found in most eukaryotic species. Septins are important for cytokinesis and participate in many processes involving spatial modifications of the cell cortex. In Drosophila, septin proteins Pnut, Sep1, and Sep2 form a hexameric septin complex. Here, we found that septin protein Pnut is phosphorylated during the first 2 hr of Drosophila embryo development. To study the effect of Pnut phosphorylation in a live organism, we created a new Drosophila pnut null mutant that allows for the analysis of Pnut mutations during embryogenesis. To understand the functional significance of Pnut phosphorylation, Drosophila strains carrying nonphosphorylatable and phospho-mimetic mutant pnut transgenes were established. The expression of the nonphosphorylatable Pnut protein resulted in semilethality and abnormal protein localization, whereas the expression of the phospho-mimetic mutant form of Pnut disrupted the assembly of a functional septin complex and septin filament formation in vitro. Overall, our findings indicate that the controlled phosphorylation of Pnut plays an important role in regulating septin complex functions during organism development.

Topic: Fungal and yeast genetics research
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
New sesquiterpene from Senecio flammeus

A new eudesmane sesquiterpene 1 beta, 4 beta, 6 alpha, 15-tetrahydroxyeudesmane isolated from Senecio flammeus and its structure determined on the basis of spectral data are reported.

Topic: Plant Toxicity and Pharmacological Properties
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
PHYTOCHEMICAL PROFILE, ANTIOXIDANT AND CYTOTOXIC ACTIVITIES OF LEAF EXTRACT OF Dipteryx lacunifera DUCKE

The Dipteryx genus, a member of the Fabaceae family with approximately 14 species, is found in Brazil’s Amazon Rainforest, Northeast and Central regions, and Central America. Plants of this genus are used in popular medicine and contain coumarins, flavonoids, terpenoids, and fatty acids. Dipteryx lacunifera Ducke, known as “garampara” or “fava de morcego”, occurs in Brazil’s central-north region and has economic and energy value, along with antioxidant properties. For this study, ethyl acetate and ethylic ether soluble fraction of ethanol extract were subjected to chromatographic analysis leading to the isolation of two flavonoids, vitexin (1) and isoquercetin (6). In addition, analysis by electrospray ionization-ion trap mass spectrometry (ESI(–)-ITMS) and ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS) annotated twenty-one compounds (1-21), with seventeen of these being reported for the first time in D. lacunifera. Molecular network (GNPS) analysis grouped compounds (7-21) into flavonoids-O-glucoside, flavononol-O-glucoside, flavone-C-glucoside, proanthocyanidin, flavonol, and flavonoid-O-methoxylated classes. The FEtOAc fraction demonstrated potential antioxidant activity (half maximal effective concentration (EC50) 39.50 ± 6.51 mg mL–1), suggesting it as a promising source of antioxidants. However, neither fraction exhibited inhibition of tumor cell lines tested. These findings enhance our understanding of the chemical and biological potential of the D. lacunifera species.

Topic: Insect Pest Control Strategies
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Supplementary Figure S5 from FGF19 Protects Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells against Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress via Activation of FGFR4–GSK3β–Nrf2 Signaling

&lt;p&gt;FGF19/FGFR4 axis is essential for the effects of H2O2 in HCC cells. (A, B) FGFR4 knockout (FGFR4 KO) and wildtype (WT) MHCC97L cells were treated with 50 ÃŽÂ¼M of H2O2 for 24 hours. Cell viability was determined by MTS assays (A), and cellular release of O2Ã¢Â,¬Â¢- was determined by electrochemical analysis (B). (C, D) FGFR4 knockout MHCC97L cells were transfected with empty vector (EV) or vector containing full-length of FGF19 (FGF19 O/E), followed by treatment with 1 ÃŽÂ¼M of TG for 24 hours. Cell viability was determined by MTS assays (C), and cellular release of O2Ã¢Â,¬Â¢- was determined by electrochemical analysis (D). *P&lt;0.05, N.S. indicates no significant difference.&lt;/p&gt;

Topic: Fibroblast Growth Factor Research
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Cutaneous Manifestations of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection

† The prevalence of dermatologic problems during the course of human immunodeficiency virus infection makes knowledge of these skin manifestations imperative to all practicing dermatologists. Detection of early infection is encouraged as effective therapy now exists both to delay the progression of human immunodeficiency virus-induced immunodeficiency and to prevent opportunistic infections. Skin manifestations of human immunodeficiency virus infection discussed in this article include the following groups: neoplastic, ie, Kaposi's sarcoma, lymphoma, and squamous cell carcinoma; infectious, ie, viral, bacterial, fungal, protozoal, and arthropod infestations; and a miscellaneous group including papulosquamous, papular, vascular, autoimmune, oral, and drug-related skin disorders. (<i>Arch Dermatol.</i>1991;127:1383-1391)

Topic: Cutaneous lymphoproliferative disorders research
Subfield: Dermatology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Adaptive and Intelligent Opportunistic Routing Using Enhanced Feedback Mechanism

Opportunistic routing reveals intercepted packets provide an effective wireless mesh network but did not fulfill any of the high-speed requirements. Traditional opportunistic routing algorithms, to provide high speed, use batching of packets which is a complex task. Therefore an enhanced opportunistic feedback-based algorithm is proposed. Individual packet forwarding uses a new route calculation in the proposed work that takes into consideration the cost of transmitting feedback and the capacity of the nodes to choose appropriate rates for monitoring operating conditions. The packets are not forwarded if the recipient has already obtained the feedback given. Results from simulation show that the proposed feedback based opportunistic routing algorithm will achieve better performance than the comparative algorithms.

Topic: Mobile Ad Hoc Networks
Subfield: Computer Networks and Communications
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Sodium levels of human pancreatic donors are a critical factor for determination of islet efficacy and survival

Organs from hypernatremia (elevated Na + ) donors when used for transplantation have had dismal outcomes. However, islet isolation from hypernatremic donors for both transplantation and research applications has not yet been investigated. A retrospective analysis of in vivo and in vitro islet function studies was performed on islets isolated from hypernatremic (serum sodium levels ≥ 160 meq/l) and normal control (serum sodium levels ≤ 155 meq/l) donors. Twelve isolations from 32 hypernatremic and 53 isolations from 222 normal donors were randomly transplanted into diabetic NOD Scid mice. Sodium levels upon pancreas procurement were significantly elevated in the hypernatremia group (163.5 ± 0.6 meq/l) compared with the normal control group (145.9 ± 0.4 meq/l) ( P &lt; 0.001). The postculture islet recovery rate was significantly lower in the hypernatremia (59.1 ± 3.8%) group compared with the normal (73.6 ± 1.8%) group ( P = 0.005). The duration of hypernatremia was inversely correlated with the recovery rate ( r 2 = 0.370, P &lt; 0.001). Furthermore, the percentage of successful graft function when transplanted into diabetic NOD Scid mice was significantly lower in the hypernatremia (42%) group compared with the normal control (85%) group ( P &lt; 0.001). The ability to predict islet graft function posttransplantation using donor sodium levels and duration of hypernatremia was significant (ROC analysis, P = 0.022 and 0.042, respectively). In conclusion, duration of donor hypernatremia is associated with reduced islet recovery postculture. The efficacy of islets from hypernatremia donors diminished when transplanted into diabetic recipients.

Topic: Pancreatic function and diabetes
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Karyotype and banding analyses on haploid males of the honey bee (apis mellifera).

Chromosomes of spermatogonial cells from young larvae of Apis mellifera were analyzed by means of G- and C-banding techniques. They consist of 4 meta-centrics and 12 submeta- or subtelo-centrics. G-banding patterns so far as no. 1 to no. 6 and no. 14 to no. 16 were concerned, they were stably distinguished.Nos. 2, 3, 4, 6, 7 and one from no. 8 to no. 16 showed C-bands. Even with these banding techniques, no sex chromosomes were found in this study.

Topic: Insect and Arachnid Ecology and Behavior
Subfield: Genetics
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
A model of exceptions in sales-order-processing workflows

A review of sales-order-processing (SOP) characteristics in assemble-to-order and make-to-stock companies is described. A logical model of three types of exception and their impacts is developed. This model is used to identify SOP requirements that need to be satisfied by next-generation workflow systems. With reference to these requirements deficiencies in current based workflow system provision based on enterprise resource planning are discussed.

Topic: Business Process Modeling and Analysis
Subfield: Management Information Systems
Field: Business, Management and Accounting
Domain: Social Sciences
“Angelicdevilish” combinations

This essay explores Rushdie’s references to Milton’s Paradise Lost, and his Satan in particular. Rushdie’s implicit allusions to Milton’s fallen angel allow him to establish the closeness of angelic and devilish qualities and the solubility of the boundary between good and evil. His explicit quotations from Paradise Lost allow him to diverge from Milton: Satan’s words in the mouth of Rushdie’s Gibreel Farishta insist not on the intransigence of Satan’s evil and punishment (as they do in Paradise Lost), but rather on evil’s amorphous pervasiveness and ubiquity. Rushdie suggests that “good” and “evil” exist simultaneously in everyone. He blurs the line between them, and in so doing also begins to blur the line between British and immigrant “Other”. Milton writes a Christian, canonical and sometimes imperialist text; Rushdie provides an Islamic, postcolonial response. Milton writes to examine the ways of a Christian God; Rushdie uses Milton’s poem as an intertext in investigating the words, acts and writings of an Islamic God’s prophet.

Topic: Postcolonial and Cultural Literary Studies
Subfield: Literature and Literary Theory
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Phase-II RCT Convalescent Plasma Transfusion in Severe COVID-19 Patients -Evaluation of Efficacy and Tolerability

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic necessitated exploration of convalescent plasma (CP) therapy. This phase-II RCT evaluated CP's efficacy in 30 severe COVID-19 patients (June 2020–July 2021), comparing standard care (n=30) with CP-added therapy (n=30). Despite historical success in viral outbreaks, evidence remained conflicting. We assessed 28-day mortality, clinical improvement, and safety, addressing gaps in donor antibody variability and timing. Objective: To determine therapeutic Role of Convalescent Plasma (CP) therapy in the treatment of severe COVID-19. Methods and Procedure: It was a Randomized Controlled phase-II Trial which was carried out at COVID-19 unit and ICU Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka from 01June 2020 to 31July 2021. Plasma was collected and supplied in the department of Transfusion Medicine of BSMMU and transfused in patient at ICU, BSMMU. After proper evaluation 30 healthy donors required amount of convalescent plasma of COVID-19 was collected by continuous flow cell separator. The collected convalescent plasma was transfused to; 30 (INTERVENTION ARM) severe ill patients receiving standard treatment protocol admitted in ICU, BSMMU, Dhaka. Then the improvement of these patients was observed and another 30(control) patients receiving standard treatment protocol only and comparison was made. Before administration of the plasma it was screened for RCT-PCR for covid-19. HBsAg, Anti-HCV, HIV and other infections. Results: The study included 60 COVID-19 patients (30 control, 30 intervention) with comparable baseline characteristics (mean age 51-53 years; 40% vs. 56.6% males). The intervention group showed significantly higher baseline D-dimer (4.3 vs. 0.5 µg/mL, p&lt;0.001) and ferritin (1045 vs. 631 ng/mL, p=0.049). Both groups had similar 28-day mortality (26.6%, RR=1.00, p=0.95), hospitalization duration (10 vs. 9 days), and discharge rates (63.3%). Clinical parameters improved over time, with mortality declining from 7.1% (Week-I) to 4.5% (Week-IV). Conclusion: In conclusion, this phase-II randomized controlled trial demonstrated that convalescent plasma (CP) therapy did not significantly improve 28-day mortality or other clinical outcomes in severe COVID-19 patients compared to standard care alone.

Topic: Blood transfusion and management
Subfield: Biochemistry
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Goserelin Depot Versus Danazol in the Treatment of Endometriosis The Australian/New Zealand Experience*

Summary A multicentre, open, randomized comparison of depot goserelin versus danazol to treatendometriosis was undertaken in 9 Australian/New Zealand centres. The study compared the effects of the 2 drugs on subjective and objective parameters in women with symptomatic and/or infertility associated endometriosis. The duration of treatment was 24 weeks with either depot goserelin acetate, 3.6 mg, subcutaneously at 4‐weekly intervals or danazol, 600 mg/day. As shown in previous studies, depot goserelin and danazol were equally effective in reducing endometriosis scores and pain. Patients in our study showed considerably more intolerance of study drugs, particularly danazol, than women in American and Europeanreports: 19 of 36 women randomized to danazol in our study failed to complete 6 months therapy, because of adverse events (9/36) or because of unwillingness to continue with therapy (8/36). Consumer satisfaction with medical treatment for endometriosis was an important issue in this study.

Topic: Endometriosis Research and Treatment
Subfield: Reproductive Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Rt-PCR Method for Selective Detection of Silent Gene Transcripts in Silencing Mutants in Homothallic Strains of <i>Schizosaccharomyces Pombe</i>

Here we describe a method that allows selective detection of silent copy transcripts in homothallic strains of Schizosaccharomyces pombe in the presence of the active cassettes. The method involving RT-PCR (reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction) exploits our observation that the silent copy transcripts extend beyond the regions of homology to the flanking sequences specific for the donor cassettes, thus allowing design of oligos that are specific for the different donors. The results are validated using a known silencing mutant swi6.

Topic: Fungal and yeast genetics research
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
DERMATITIS DUE TO SARCOPTES SCABIEI AND RHIPICEPHALUS SANGUINEUS ACCOMPANIED BY ANAPLASMOSIS IN SHIH-TZU MIXED DOG

Dermatitis is a skin disorder that can be caused by a variety of things, including ectoparasites such as mites and ticks. A tick infestation is often accompanied by a bacterial infection in the blood. The case dog is a Shih-Tsu cross dog named Pico, female, 3 years old. The case animal had complaints of itching for 12 weeks and had previously experienced tick infestation. Physical examination, the hair looked dirty and dull, the animal's skin showed erythema, hyperpigmentation, crusting, scale and Rhipicephalus sanguineus ticks were found. Examination of skin scrapings found Sarcoptes scabiei mites. Complete haematological examination showed normochromic microcytic anemia and thrombocytopenia. The results of the blood smear showed the presence of Anaplasma sp in the erythrocytes. Examination of the test kit showed that the dog was a positive case of Anaplasma sp. Based on the results of the examination of case dogs, they were diagnosed with dermatitis due to Sarcoptes scabiei and Rhipicephalus sanguineus accompanied by anaplasmosis. Case dogs were treated with ivermectin 300 mcg/kg BW subcutaneously at intervals of 14 days, topical therapy with sulfur soap and bathed twice a week, doxycycline 5mg/kg BW once a day orally for 28 days. Symptomatic therapy, diphenhydramine HCl 1 mg/kg BW intramuscularly and chlorpheniramine maleate 2 mg twice daily orally for 14 days. For supportive therapy, 1 ml of B-complex vitamins intramuscularly and vitamins B12 and Fe orally once a day for 28 days. After 21 days of therapy, the dog's condition improved, the frequency of pruritus decreased, the lesions decreased, the hair started growing, no ticks were found and the hematology results showed an increase in RBC, Hb and platelets from the initial condition. Pet owners recommend disinfecting the environment to break the life cycle of ticks and keeping dogs in cages to prevent transmission to healthy animals.

Topic: Medicinal Plant Research
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences