jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Barriers and facilitators to family participation in the care of their hospitalized loved ones

This<strong> </strong>study’s objective was to better understand family members’ experiences in order to identify how healthcare organizations can facilitate their participation in the care of a hospitalized loved one. Eighteen individuals at the bedside of a hospitalized loved one were interviewed individually. Roles at the bedside and factors that facilitated their participation or represented barriers were examined. A qualitative analysis using a mixed inductive/deductive approach was performed. Reassurance and emotional support, as well as sharing information with the healthcare team emerged as main roles. Quality and timeliness of the information received about the patient’s condition, prognosis and changes in medical condition, as well as information on how to participate in their care, were the factors most frequently evoked as facilitating participation. On the other hand, the need to improve communication channels and access to doctors were highlighted. Most family members having no prior knowledge or exposure to healthcare environments reported feeling overwhelmed in this foreign environment. Among the suggestions on how to improve their experience, having a well-identified contact person who liaises with them and who can instruct them on how to participate in care during hospitalization and back at home was frequently suggested. Furthermore, many mentioned that recognizing the experiential knowledge they have of the patient allows for more holistic care and contributes to improve both patient and family experience. Families need to be adequately recognized and supported and have access to information in a timely manner so that their contribution to their loved one’s care is maximized and the burden associated with this stressful experience alleviated.

Topic: Hermeneutics and Narrative Identity
Subfield: Philosophy
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Genetic Diversity and Phylogenetic Analyses of Turkish Cotton (<i>Gossypium hirsutum</i>L.) Lines using ISSR Markers and Chloroplast<i>trnL-F</i>Regions

In this study, genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationships of 22 cotton (Gossypium hirsutumL.) lines widely cultivated in Turkey were investigated. For this purpose, 20 ISSR primers were used, and five of which generated amplification products. The polymorphic locus ratio was calculated as 87.21% and a moderate level of genetic diversity was found between the genotypes. Percentage of the highest polymorphic locus was calculated as 12.79% for the Beren line, whereas ADN 98, ADN 710, and ozbek 105 lines showed the lowest value with 0.00%.trnL-Fintergenic spacer sequences were used in order to determine phylogenetic relationships, and a comparison was carried out between both sequences of our lines and the sequences obtained from NCBI-GenBank database. The sequences ofG. hirsutum, G. hirsutumsubsp.latifolium, andG. hirsutumcv. Hainansijimian were described as the most similar sequences according to specifications of coverage, similarity, and maximum score ranges. Then, a phylogenetic tree was established by using the sample sequences from the prominent families cultivated, especially from Malvaceae. While the members of Malvaceae family were clustered as one group, the other families were comprised of different groups located in different positions according to their genetic similarities.

Topic: Research in Cotton Cultivation
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Comparing the Effectiveness and Efficiency of Behavioral Skills Training and Brief Performance Feedback Interventions During the Training of Paraeducators Supporting Students with Autism Spectrum Disorders

Due to the increasing number of students in need of special education services and the shortages of licensed special education personnel, paraeducators have become a critical component in the education of students with autism in school settings. Due to this, the training of paraeducators is a critical concern for human service as well as educational settings. The literature has suggested performance feedback as the most widely researched intervention to address implementation deficiencies among educators and non-professional staff in schools. In addition, performance feedback in combination with other strategies has been established as effective when training paraprofessionals. However, despite their effectiveness, such approaches may require increased time and resources, thus compromising the feasibility of paraprofessional training in school settings. Therefore, the purpose of the following study aimed to demonstrate and extend the research base regarding the effectiveness of a brief performance feedback intervention. Further, this study attempted to evaluate the efficiency of brief performance feedback interventions when compared with more comprehensive, behaviorally based training approaches (i.e., Behavioral Skills Training). Finally, this study sought to strengthen the current literature base related to the training of paraeducators by improving areas of methodological weaknesses addressed in the presented review of the available literature. Results of present study suggested similar levels of effectiveness between the brief performance feedback intervention and Behavioral Skills Training and increased time efficiency of the brief performance feedback intervention over Behavioral Skills Training. Limitations of the current study and recommendations for future research and practice are also discussed.

Topic: Family and Disability Support Research
Subfield: Clinical Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Survey of Farmer Awareness Towards Rice-Fish Farming Systems in the Indian Villages

Abstract A survey under the theme of Science and Technology Ecosystem and Ecosystem services was conducted to identify the awareness towards the rice-fish farming system. A rice growing village in the Goradih block Bhagalpur district (Bihar, India) was selected for the survey of farmer awareness towards rice-fish farming systems in the Indian village. During the survey (2018-2019), it was observed that whenever water is stagnated within boundaries for rice growing, fish which naturally occur in the irrigation water and water tanks enter the paddy fields and grow there until harvest along with the rice. This happens naturally and none of the farmers in this region were aware of this, nor do they take interest in harvesting fish. The data concluded that the farmers mostly rice as monoculture (93.3%) and use “unconventional” along with some chemical pesticide (53.3%), which causes negative effect on fingerlings. Rice monoculture alone cannot provide a sustainable food supply while rice-fish farming is more “efficient” in terms of cost effective utilisation, productivity and food supply. However, a number of significant challenges exist for the adaptation of rice-fish farming, particularly the lack of technical knowledge of farmers. Thus it is necessary to provide technical support and training facilities for sustainable rice farming. Attempts were made to explore the potential of organic rice-fish farming from seasonally waterlogged areas for the overall improvement of water and to draw the attention of strong government support to it in the form of subsidies and research. In this method of farming no pesticides, fungicides or any sort of chemicals are used. Rice fish farming is a duo culture farming system in which rice is the sole enterprise and fish are taken to initiate extra additional income in the form of animal protein.

Topic: Agricultural Systems and Practices
Subfield: Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Fluctuating exposures to UV radiation and Erythromycin result in increased mean and variance in fitness in novel environments

List of non-synonymous mutations identified in populations subjected to UV radiation and Erythromycin. Mutations identified in whole-population as well as in sub-populations resistant to either rifampicin or nalidixic acid are listed in separate files.

Topic: Climate Change Communication and Perception
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Assessment of protective forest plantations on gray forest and sod-podzolic soils of the Predkamye region of the Republic of Tatarstan

Protective forest plantations increase soil fertility and fulfil an important role of soil protection from erosion. Much attention is paid to protective afforestation in the Republic of Tatarstan. In the region, in 2022, protective forest plantations were established on the area of 1801 hectares, of which ravine-beam forests make up 1763 hectares, including 645 hectares with terracing and 38 hectares of field protection strips. Protective forest plantations were created in Aznakaevsky municipal district on the area of 600 ha and in settlements of 114 ha of “compensatory” reforestation and afforestation. The article presents the results of the survey of existing protective forest plantations in the Predkamya zone of the Republic of Tatarstan on sod-podzolic and grey forest soils. The area is characterised by strong washing away, erosion and gully formation, where the area of washed away soils is 66%, erosion-hazardous lands amount to 15.5%. A sanitary condition of plantations, productivity and carbon deposition were assessed. According to silvicultural and taxation indicators, the average age of the surveyed stands is 48 years; the completeness ranges from 0.5 to 0.9, bonitet ranges from I to II. In terms of the sanitary condition, trees of the 1st and 2nd categories predominate; in some areas forest management measures are required. Under the canopy of the plantations, there is a natural regeneration of petiole oak, which is an indigenous species of the Pre-Kama region of the Republic of Tatarstan. On all surveyed sample areas, the largest amount of carbon stock is concentrated on PP7, PP8 and PP19: 786.96, 833.7 and 828.09 tonnes, respectively. These are mixed stands of pine and birch.

Topic: Soil erosion and sediment transport
Subfield: Soil Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Correlation between Parameters of Extrusion Technique and Both of Optical and Physical Characteristics of Reinforced Polypropylene Composites

This research was an attempt to illustrate the correlation between parameters of extrusion technique (screw speed) which was used to produce conventional and hybrid reinforced polypropylene composites and their optical and physical characteristics. The obtained results demonstrated the responses of hybrid reinforced composites were more stable and higher than those of conventional reinforced composites. Furthermore; the density and optical traits of hybrid composites were influenced extremely by the screw speed variation (reduction). The syndiotactic polypropylene was used as a matrix while talc and graphite were used as reinforcing agents (fillers) to prepare diverse weight percentages of reinforced polypropylene composites.

Topic: Polymer Nanocomposites and Properties
Subfield: Polymers and Plastics
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Eseje z anglického jazyka psané českými studenty: Základní chyby

This bachelor's thesis deals with fundamental grammatical and lexical mistakes taken from English essays written by Czech students from higher forms of secondary schools. The thesis presents thirty typical mistakes that appeared most frequently in the essays. Moreover, the thesis involves fundamental explanations of these mistakes focused on the students' perception.

Topic: Magnetic confinement fusion research
Subfield: Nuclear and High Energy Physics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Does the choice of intraoperative fluid modify abdominal aneurysm repair outcomes?

Abstract Intraoperatively administered hydroxyethyl starch could be a risk indicator for postoperative acute kidney injury (AKI) in vascular surgical patients. In a single-center retrospective cohort analysis, we assessed the impact of hydroxyethyl starch and other risk indicators on AKI and mortality in 1095 patients undergoing elective open abdominal aneurysm repair (AAA-OR) or endovascular aortic repair (EVAR). We established logistic regression models to determine the effect of various risk indicators, including hydroxyethyl starch, on AKI, as well as Cox proportional hazard models to assess the effect on mortality. The use of intravenous hydroxyethyl starch was not associated with an increased risk of AKI or mortality. Patients undergoing EVAR were less likely to develop AKI (4% vs 18%). Multivariate risk indicators associated for AKI included suprarenal or pararenal aortic cross-clamp [odds ratio (OR), 4.44; 95% confidence interval (95% CI), 2.538–7.784; P &lt; .001] and procedure length (OR, 1.005; 95% CI, 1.003–1.007; P &lt; .001), and favored EVAR (OR, 0.351; 95% CI, 0.118–0.654; P &lt; .01). Main multivariate risk indicators associated with mortality included patients needing an urgent procedure [hazard ratio (HR), 2.294; 95% CI, 1.541–3.413; P &lt; .001], those with suprarenal or pararenal aortic cross-clamp (HR, 1.756; 95% CI, 1.247–2.472; P &lt; .01), and patients undergoing EVAR (HR, 1.654; 95% CI, 1.292–2.118; P &lt; .001). We found neither a benefit nor a negative effect of hydroxyethyl starch on the risk of AKI or mortality. Instead, other variables and comorbidities were found to be relevant for the development of postoperative AKI and survival. Nevertheless, clinicians should be aware of the high risk of postoperative AKI, particularly among those undergoing AAA-OR procedures.

Topic: Cardiac, Anesthesia and Surgical Outcomes
Subfield: Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Issues Associated with International Incarceration Rates

Issues associated with international rates of incarceration were discussed from the perspective of national policies and cultural and societal characteristics, contrasting Japan which has one of the lowest incarceration rates and the United States which imprisons more of its citizens than any other nation but Russia. A computer-aided search of 50,000 records on 30 nations was followed by multiple regression analysis indicating that, jointly, unequal distribution of national income and disintegration of family are principal determinants of incarceration rates.

Topic: Criminal Justice and Corrections Analysis
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Study on the Tea Pest Classification Model Using a Convolutional and Embedded Iterative Region of Interest Encoding Transformer

Tea diseases are one of the main causes of tea yield reduction, and the use of computer vision for classification and diagnosis is an effective means of tea disease management. However, the random location of lesions, high symptom similarity, and complex background make the recognition and classification of tea images difficult. Therefore, this paper proposes a tea disease IterationVIT diagnosis model that integrates a convolution and iterative transformer. The convolution consists of a superimposed bottleneck layer for extracting the local features of tea leaves. The iterative algorithm incorporates the attention mechanism and bilinear interpolation operation to obtain disease location information by continuously updating the region of interest in location information. The transformer module uses a multi-head attention mechanism for global feature extraction. A total of 3544 images of red leaf spot, algal leaf spot, bird’s eye disease, gray wilt, white spot, anthracnose, brown wilt, and healthy tea leaves collected under natural light were used as samples and input into the IterationVIT model for training. The results show that when the patch size is 16, the model performed better with an IterationVIT classification accuracy of 98% and F1 measure of 96.5%, which is superior to mainstream methods such as VIT, Efficient, Shuffle, Mobile, Vgg, etc. In order to verify the robustness of the model, the original images of the test set were blurred, noise- was added and highlighted, and then the images were input into the IterationVIT model. The classification accuracy still reached over 80%. When 60% of the training set was randomly selected, the classification accuracy of the IterationVIT model test set was 8% higher than that of mainstream models, with the ability to analyze fewer samples. Model generalizability was performed using three sets of plant leaf public datasets, and the experimental results were all able to achieve comparable levels of generalizability to the data in this paper. Finally, this paper visualized and interpreted the model using the CAM method to obtain the pixel-level thermal map of tea diseases, and the results show that the established IterationVIT model can accurately capture the location of diseases, which further verifies the effectiveness of the model.

Topic: Smart Agriculture and AI
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Optimal preemptive scheduling for general target functions

Abstract. We study the problem of optimal preemptive scheduling with respect to a general target function. Given n jobs with associated weights and m ≤ n uniformly related machines, one aims at scheduling the jobs to the machines, allowing preemptions but forbidding parallelization, so that a given target function of the loads on each machine is minimized. This problem was studied in the past in the case of the makespan. Gonzalez and Sahni [7] and later Shachnai, Tamir and Woeginger [12] devised a polynomial algorithm that outputs an optimal schedule for which the number of preemptions is at most 2(m − 1). We extend their ideas for general symmetric, convex and monotone target functions. This general approach enables us to distill the underlying principles on which the optimal makespan algorithm is based. More specifically, the general approach enables us to identify between the optimal scheduling problem and a corresponding problem of mathematical programming. This, in turn, allows us to devise a single algorithm that is suitable for a wide array of target functions, where the only difference between one target function and another is manifested through the corresponding mathematical programming problem. 1

Topic: Hermeneutics and Narrative Identity
Subfield: Philosophy
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
IN VITRO ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY AND CALLUOGENESIS OF BRYONIA LACINIOSA

Interest in medicinal plant as a re-emerging health aid has been fuelled by the rising cost of prescription drug in the maintenance of personal health. In present work an attempt has been made to carry out antimicrobial activity of bryonia laciniosa plant, used in Indian folk medicine. The aim of the study was to grow in vitro callus from bryonia laciniosa from leaf explants and its microbial activity. Antibacterial effect of Bryonia laciniosa was evaluated on bacterial strains like Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus, Enterobacter aerogenes, Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae. The solvents used for the extraction of plants were water and methanol. The in vitro antibacterial activity was performed by agar disc diffusion. The most susceptible bacteria was K. pneumoniae. The extracts of callus and plant material could not inhibit any of the bacterial strains investigated. Callus was induced from leaf explants in Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with different combinations of auxin and cytokinin growth regulators. The Callus was induced in MS medium with 2, 4-D (3mg/l) and kinetin (1mg/l) showing Greenish yellow callus, but the callus induced in MS medium with 2, 4-D (3mg/l) and BAP (3mg/l) was brown in colour. The results obtained in the present study suggest that Bryonia laciniosa can be used in treating diseases caused by the test organisms and for production of mass number of plants. This type of work was conducted first time in India. INTRODUCTION: Over 50% of all modern clinical drugs are of natural product origin 1 and natural products play an important role in drug development programs in the pharmaceutical industry 2 . There has been a revival of interest in herbal medicines.

Topic: Plant tissue culture and regeneration
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Optimizing and characterizing a home-built Raman spectroscopy optical system using polystyrene microspheres

In the recent decade, Raman spectroscopy has played a key role in photonics as a powerful method suited for detection, diagnosis and screening applications across various industrial fields. In this work, we propose a home built Raman Spectroscopy optical system optimized for polymer detection and characterization. Once fully calibrated, the intended use for the system is to analyse various macromolecules especially biomolecules in assessment of cell based diseases. This system makes use of a 527 nm excitation laser beam of 5 μs pulse duration AT 1 kHz repetition rate and an average power of 10 mW. An Andor CCD camera attached to a grated spectrometer was used for Raman spectrum acquisition and data processing was performed using the Origin software. Polystyrene microspheres (20 μm) were diluted to various concentrations and analysed using the Raman system. The results obtained reveal that all the spectra excluding the control contained Raman peaks consistent with the documented molecular vibrations of polystyrene. Furthermore, the peak intensities and peak areas showed a direct relationship with the polymer concentration in solution. Future work will include testing polymer spheres of different sizes in order to assess the spectral differentiation capabilities of the system. Much of this work will lead to the design of Raman Spectroscopy system to be used as a diagnostic tool for point-of-care detection research.

Topic: Spectroscopy Techniques in Biomedical and Chemical Research
Subfield: Biophysics
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
ChemInform Abstract: UCE1022, a New Antitumor Antibiotic with Topoisomerase I Mediated DNA Cleavage Activity, from Paecilomyces.

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.

Topic: Cancer therapeutics and mechanisms
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Symmetry group at future null infinity III: Gravitational theory

We reduce the gravitational theory in an asymptotically flat spacetime to future null infinity. We compute the Poincaré flux operators at future null infinity and construct the supertranslation and superrotation generators. The generators are shown to form a closed symmetry algebra by including a generalized gravitational duality operator. We could regard all the generators as the Hamiltonians with respect to the symmetry transformation in the boundary field theory. Our construction of the generators may relate to the BMS fluxes defined in the literature by adding counterterms to the Bondi mass and angular momentum aspects.

Topic: Black Holes and Theoretical Physics
Subfield: Nuclear and High Energy Physics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences