jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Low-Voltage, Full-Swing InGaZnO-Based Inverters Enabled by Solution-Processed, Ultra-Thin Al<sub>x</sub>O<sub>y</sub>

High-performance, full-swing inverters implemented with InGaZnO thin-film transistors (TFTs) have been demonstrated capable of operating at a very low-voltage. The threshold voltage of the load and drive TFTs were modified through careful change of the gate dielectric anodization voltage. Both the load and drive TFTs show excellent electrical properties, including a current ON/OFF ratio > 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">6</sup> and a subthreshold swing close to the theoretical limit. As a result, the inverters show high voltage gains up to 34 at a supply voltage of only 1 V as well as high noise margins >92% of the theoretical maximum. The devices and the fabrication process might have potential applications in future wearable and disposable electronics where low cost and low power are vital.

Topic: Thin-Film Transistor Technologies
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
FIZIČKO VASPITANJE U FUNKCIJI SPORTA

Physical education is a method and systematic activity which, through physical exercise-training in the way of universal aptinde and creativity develops human personality in the way of undersanding the aims of education in all organizational forms of physical culture. With this we mean the physical education of pupils, physical education of the sportsman-sport education and physical education of the people. There is a question to be ashed, Does it really give the resulb we expect? A questioner was based on a larg smple of students, who have just finiched high school and entered the Faculty of Sport and Physical Educations, to give a picture of the level of solving the tasks of physical education, especially those that are interested in sport. Through the analysys of the answers we got about the situacion in physical education and its funkcional relationship with sport, gave a conclusion that up cannot be satisfied with what has been already achjeved

Topic: Genetics and Physical Performance
Subfield: Genetics
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Generation of One-Dimensional Fibrous Polyethylene Nanocrystals in Epoxy Thermosets

The one-dimensional (1D) polyethylene (PE) nanocrystals were generated in epoxy thermosets via crystallization-driven self-assembly. Toward this end, an ABA triblock copolymer composed of PE midblock and poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) endblocks was synthesized via the ring opening metathesis polymerization followed by hydrogenation approach. The nanostructured thermosets were obtained via a two-step curing approach, i.e., the samples were cured first at 80 °C and then at 150 °C. Under this condition, the one-dimensional (1D) fibrous PE microdomains with the lengths up to a couple of micrometers were created in epoxy thermosets. In contrast, only the spherical PE microdomains were generated while the thermosets were cured via a one-step curing at 150 °C. By the use of the triblock copolymer, the generation of 1D fibrous PE nanocrystals is attributable to crystallization-driven self-assembly mechanism whereas that of the spherical PE microdomains follows traditional self-assembly mechanism. Compared to the thermosets containing the spherical PE microdomains, the thermosets containing the 1D fibrous PE nanocrystals displayed quite different thermal and mechanical properties. More importantly, the nanostructured thermosets containing the 1D fibrous PE nanocrystals displayed the fracture toughness much higher than those only containing the spherical PE nanocrystals; the KIC value was even three times as that of control epoxy.

Topic: Epoxy Resin Curing Processes
Subfield: Mechanical Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Amblyopic patient adherence under patching treatment

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of text messaging in improving adherence to occlusion therapy for amblyopia. The secondary objective was to correlate the responses given in a self-reporting questionnaire with treatment outcome (improvement in visual acuity). Methods: This is a prospective, randomized, blinded clinical trial. The patients’ parents or legal guardians in the intervention group received text messages reminding them of the importance of patching. The control group received no text messages. At final evaluation, after a period of three to six months, the patients’ parents or legal guardians answered a self-reporting questionnaire to evaluate adherence to treatment. Results: The study included 34 patients with an average age of 5.35 years, 20 in the intervention group and 14 in the control group. According to the results of the self-reporting questionnaire, 50% of the study population was considered as having low adherence to treatment, 29% as having medium adherence, and 21% as having good adherence. There was no significant difference between trial groups. The comparison between an improvement in visual acuity and the mean value obtained in the self-reporting questionnaire showed a significant association between this improvement and adherence to treatment (p=0.03). Conclusion: The present study did not find a correlation between text messaging and an improvement in adherence to occlusion therapy, as shown by previous studies for different treatments. A statistically significant association was identified between an improvement in visual acuity and a good therapeutic adherence, as measured by the self-reporting questionnaire. This finding allows us to recommend using a self-reporting questionnaire as a simple method to measure adherence to treatment and help decisions about therapeutic strategies to be adopted in the patient's continuing treatment.

Topic: Pineapple and bromelain studies
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Multibaseline InSAR DEM reconstruction: the wavelet approach

Multibaseline synthetic aperture radar (SAR) interferometry can be exploited successfully for high-quality digital elevation model (DEM) reconstruction, provided that both noise and atmospheric effects are taken into account. A weighted combination of many uncorrelated topographic profiles strongly reduces the impact of phase artifacts on the final DEM. The key issue is weights selection. In the present article a wavelet domain approach is proposed. Taking advantage of the particular frequency trend of the atmospheric distortion, it is possible to estimate, directly from the data, noise and atmospheric distortion power for each interferogram. The available DEMs are then combined by means of a weighted average, carried out in the wavelet domain. This new approach provides a valuable tool not only for DEMs combination (improving accuracy), but for data evaluation and selection, since the phase error power is estimated for each interferogram. Results obtained using simulated and real data (ERS-1/2 TANDEM data of a test area around the Etna volcano, Sicily) are presented.

Topic: Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Applications and Techniques
Subfield: Aerospace Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Supplementary Figures S1-S3 and Suppl. Tables S1-S2 from AMPK Activation and Metabolic Reprogramming by Tamoxifen through Estrogen Receptor–Independent Mechanisms Suggests New Uses for This Therapeutic Modality in Cancer Treatment

&lt;p&gt;Supplemental tables S1-S2: (S1) sequences of sgRNA for CRISPR-cas9 knock out cell lines. (S2) Fraction of oxygen consumption rate remaining after tamoxifen treatment at 30μM in cancer cell lines Supplemental Figures S1-S3: (S1) Oxygen consumption measurements of Tamoxifen, 4OH-Tamoxifen, and fulvestrant treatment, oxygen consumption of MCF7 cells treated with DMSO or fulvestrant plus tamoxifen and Immunoblot of ER expression with fulvestrant treatment, oxygen consumption measurements of mitochondria isolated from mouse liver treated with tamoxifen, clonogenic survival of MDA-231 cells treated with tamoxifen +/- Glucose and +/- methyl succinate, immunoblot of AMPK activation in the presence of glucose or 2DG and survival of BC cells treated with 2DG or 3BP. (S2) LC-MS/MS quantification of acyl-CoA species after tamoxifen treatment compared to control and BODPIY staining of MDA-231 cells treated with tamoxifen or DMSO control. (S3) Clonogenic survival and immunoblot of MCF7 shNT and shAMPK cells treated with 30μM tamoxifen, survival assays of MDA-231 cells with different AMPK status's following tamoxifen treatment, and autoradiograph film of 35S labeling in MDA-231 cells and MDA-231 crspAMPKα1.&lt;/p&gt;

Topic: bioluminescence and chemiluminescence research
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Dual sensitivity of inferior colliculus neurons to ITD in the envelopes of high-frequency sounds: experimental and modeling study

Human listeners are sensitive to interaural time differences (ITDs) in the envelopes of sounds, which can serve as a cue for sound localization. Many high-frequency neurons in the mammalian inferior colliculus (IC) are sensitive to envelope-ITDs of sinusoidally amplitude-modulated (SAM) sounds. Typically, envelope-ITD-sensitive IC neurons exhibit either peak-type sensitivity, discharging maximally at the same delay across frequencies, or trough-type sensitivity, discharging minimally at the same delay across frequencies, consistent with responses observed at the primary site of binaural interaction in the medial and lateral superior olives (MSO and LSO), respectively. However, some high-frequency IC neurons exhibit dual types of envelope-ITD sensitivity in their responses to SAM tones, that is, they exhibit peak-type sensitivity at some modulation frequencies and trough-type sensitivity at other frequencies. Here we show that high-frequency IC neurons in the unanesthetized rabbit can also exhibit dual types of envelope-ITD sensitivity in their responses to SAM noise. Such complex responses to SAM stimuli could be achieved by convergent inputs from MSO and LSO onto single IC neurons. We test this hypothesis by implementing a physiologically explicit, computational model of the binaural pathway. Specifically, we examined envelope-ITD sensitivity of a simple model IC neuron that receives convergent inputs from MSO and LSO model neurons. We show that dual envelope-ITD sensitivity emerges in the IC when convergent MSO and LSO inputs are differentially tuned for modulation frequency.

Topic: Hearing Loss and Rehabilitation
Subfield: Cognitive Neuroscience
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences
A New Mechanism for Gamma-Ray Bursts in SN Type I Explosions. I. Weak Magnetic Field

We propose a new mechanism for high energy gamma ray burst in Supernova type I (SNI) explosion. Presupernova is assumed to be a binary system comprised of a red giant and a white dwarf with a wind accretion. The accretion flow terminates by the accretion shock in the vicinity of the white dwarf at the distance of the order of the accretion radius. The gas inside the accretion radius constitutes the main body of a target for gamma ray production by $pp$ collisions.\par The supernova explosion and the shock propagation in the white dwarf result in the hydrodynamical acceleration of the outer layers of the star. The spectrum of accelerated particles is steep and the maximum energy does not exceed $1000$ $GeV$.\par The gamma ray burst is produced due to interaction of the accelerated particles with the gas in the binary system. Most of the photons have energies about $100$ $MeV$, the total number of the emitted photons is between $10^{46}$ and $10^{47}$. The gamma ray burst might have one or two precursors. The first one is produced during the shock breakout when the shock approaches the star surface and crosses it.\par The calculations are valid in the case of a weak magnetic field. The case of strong magnetic field will be considered in part II (in preparation).

Topic: Gamma-ray bursts and supernovae
Subfield: Astronomy and Astrophysics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Banking sector of Spain: innovation

In a turbulent global economy, the introduction of innovations in the banking sector is a key factor in improving efficiency and stabilizing the global financial system. World financial and economic crisis of 2008-2009 became a serious test for the economy of Spain. The recognition of the importance of adapting the banking sector to new economic conditions is becoming increasingly relevant for considering modern processes taking place in the European Union and in the global economy as a whole. Spain is at the forefront in introducing digital technology into the banking sector, but its experience has been little studied. This is the first work analyzing the Spanish experience in introducing, developing and operating new technologies: Blockchain, mobile banking applications, alternative finance, sharing platforms, crowdsourcing. The author concludes that the introduction of innovation has transformed the banking sector in Spain and has led to a decrease in bank employees and a reduction in offices. The freed up resources were directed to the activation of the digital segment, which led to the leading position of Spain in digital banking. In the future, an even greater spread and development of these technologies is expected. It will grow more slowly than income, as deferred demand is absorbed and households increase their savings rates.

Topic: Banking stability, regulation, efficiency
Subfield: Finance
Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance
Domain: Social Sciences
Using GUI for enhancing knowledge about system identification and controller optimization

The paper presents system identification using the least square method and controller optimization for the identified system by applying genetic algorithms. Based on analysis of the methods a program in MATLAB was developed that was completed by Graphic User Interface. The created GUI presents a user friendly tool which facilitates learning and teaching of topics dealing with system identification, development and optimization of system controllers using genetic algorithms.

Topic: Mechanical and Thermal Properties Analysis
Subfield: Mechanical Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Optimisation of A Phase Change Thermal Storage System

Abstract—PCMs have always been viewed as a suitable candidate for off peak thermal storage, particularly for refrigeration systems, due to the high latent energy densities of these materials. However, due to the need to have them encapsulated within a container this density is reduced. Furthermore, PCMs have a low thermal conductivity which reduces the useful amount of energy which can be stored. To consider these factors, the true energy storage density of a PCM system was proposed and optimised for PCMs encapsulated in slabs. Using a validated numerical model of the system, a parametric study was undertaken to investigate the impact of the slab thickness, gap between slabs and the mass flow rate. The study showed that, when optimised, a PCM system can deliver a true energy storage density between 53 % and 83 % of the latent energy density of the PCM. Keywords—Phase change material, refrigeration, sustainability, thermal energy storage. I.

Topic: Phase Change Materials Research
Subfield: Mechanical Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Identifying technology convergence across FinTech: an integrated approach of text mining and association rule mining

Purpose Financial technology (FinTech) has significantly transformed and advanced the traditional financial services sector. The aim of this study is to identify the technology convergence (TC) and innovation trends utilizing both text and data mining techniques on patent data within the FinTech domain. Design/methodology/approach A total of 36,335 patents in FinTech were retrieved for analysis from the Lens database. Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers topic modelling was performed on the Abstract and Claims Text Dataset. Association rule mining (ARM) was performed on 204 distinct Cooperative PClassification (CPC) codes among the retrieved patent data. The interestingness measures calculated were confidence, Kulczynski and imbalance ratio (IR). Findings Top five topics obtained revealed the convergence of Fintech into blockchain, advertising, information processing, logistics and geolocation-based payment. Findings also highlighted the organizations such as Bank of America, Capital One, IBM, Amazon and Mastercard being the key players in the topics obtained. ARM revealed 405 association rules across 31 distinct CPC codes, revealing convergence across data and image processing, along with machine learning, biometrics and a significant number of patents in energy management systems and renewable energy. Practical implications BERT topic modelling, combined with ARM’s interestingness measures, provides financial organizations with a detailed map of structured insights into the strength and direction of technological intersections. Originality/value The scarcity of research on patents and TC across FinTech innovations provides an opportunity for this research to be a novel approach in identifying heterogeneous technological convergence in the FinTech domain.

Topic: Digital Platforms and Economics
Subfield: Strategy and Management
Field: Business, Management and Accounting
Domain: Social Sciences
Comparison of the stimulus effects of ethylketocyclazocine in fischer and Sprague‐Dawley rats

Abstract The discriminative stimulus effects of ethylketocyclazocine (EKC) were characterized in Fischer and Sprague‐Dawley rats trained to discriminate 0.3 mg/kg of EKC (s. c.) from saline in a two‐choice, discrete‐trial avoidance paradigm. The putative mu‐opioid receptor agonists morphine and fentanyl, as well as the putative kappa‐opioid receptor agonists EKC and U50,488H generalized completely with the EKC cue in both strains of rats. Only small quantitative differences between strains were observed in the generalization of these agonists with EKC. However, Sprague‐Dawley rats were notably more sensitive than Fischer rats to the depressant effects of fentanyl. Only small quantitative differences between strains were also observed in the dose of naloxone necessary for complete antagonism of the EKC‐like stimulus effects of the mu‐ and kappa‐opioid agonists. The mu‐opioid agonists were approximately 2–6 times more sensitive to naloxone antagonism than the kappa‐opioid agonists in both Fischer and Sprague‐Dawley rats. However, due to inter‐animal variability, this difference was not statistically significant. The results of this study suggest that one or more opioid receptor subtype(s) may be involved in the production of the EKC cue in both strains of rats.

Topic: Receptor Mechanisms and Signaling
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Evaluation of Health Services Provided in the Ministry of Health Hospitals and University Hospitals From a Different View

Objectives:Retrospective output-based evaluation of the Ministry of Health hospitals and University hospitals in terms of health services provided from a different view.Materials and Methods:Calculations are made in Excel program through analyzing related data for the years between 2002-2016 given in yearly health statistics published by “the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Turkey” between the years 2008-2016. No data source other than health statistics has been utilized.Results:In comparison to the Ministry of Health hospitals the increase in the number of patients who applied at the University hospitals was 33%, the increase in the number of inpatients was 30% and the increase in the number of operations was 13% when the data of years 2016 and 2002 are compared. When the year 2016 was examined, in 1000 patients’ application, there were 3 times more operations in general and of which 5 times more group A, 4 times more group B and 2 times more group C in University hospitals in comparison to Ministry of Health hospitals. While there was 19% increase in the number of operating room tables in the Ministry of Health hospitals between 2013 and 2016, there was only 2.43% increase in the number of operations performed and the number of operating rooms tables increased by 7% in the university hospitals with an increase of 11.62% in the number of operations performed. In 2016, 724 operations on average were held on an operating table in a year in Turkey and this number was 704 in Ministry of Health hospitals which is below Turkey’s average and was 790 in university hospitals.Conclusion:As a result of this comparison, it was determined that more effective and efficient services were provided and operating room tables were used more efficiently in the university hospitals in comparison to the Ministry of Health hospitals when the provided services are evaluated output-based and that more tough cases were responded in the university hospitals in comparison to the Ministry of Health hospitals in terms of services.

Topic: Healthcare Policy and Management
Subfield: Economics and Econometrics
Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance
Domain: Social Sciences
Phytochemical, antibacterial and toxicity studies of the aqueous extract of Euclayptus camaldulensis Dehnh

The aqueous extract of the bark of E. camaldulensis was investigated for the presence of bioactive substances, antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Salmonella Typhi, and the acute toxicity in mammals. Investigation reveals the presence of saponins and tannins which contribute to its medicinal value. The demonstration of antimicrobial activity against both gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria is an indication that the plant is a potential source for production of drugs with a broad spectrum of activity. The extract was bactericidal against S. aureus (50mg/ml), P. aeroginosa (50mg/ml), E. coli (100mg/ml) and B. subtilis (25mg/ml). It was however bacteriostatic against S. typhi and K. pneumoniae at 100mg/ml but had MIC of 12.5mg/ml and 25mg/ml respectively. Investigation also reveals that the plant is proinflammatory. The LD50 of the extract is ≥5000mg/kg b. wt. the heamatological and blood chemistry test shows that the PCV and marker enzymes (SGPT, SGOT and ALP) levels were all within the reference range. These results support the traditional application of the plant and suggests that the plant extracts possess compounds that are not acutely toxic with antibacterial properties that can be used as antibacterial agents in novel drugs for the treatment of gastroenteritis, supperative infections, urinary tract infections, typhoid fever and wound infections.

Topic: Essential Oils and Antimicrobial Activity
Subfield: Food Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Pediatric pain management: More opportunities for better comfort.

Pediatric pain assessment is vital for optimal pediatric practice. After a year of implementation of pediatric pain assessment tools at a tertiary university hospital (King Saud University Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia), the physicians in the Department of Pediatrics were invited to participate in an interactive lecture about pediatric pain management to assess their awareness about using these tools. Their responses demonstrated that almost half of them were not using any pain scale in their daily practice. These findings highlight the need for a new strategy of implementation. The improvement of pain assessment and management necessitates extensive educational campaign for all health care providers and early audit in order to improve the physicians' awareness and compliance with these changes.

Topic: Pediatric Pain Management Techniques
Subfield: Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences