jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Broadcast Video Logo Detection and Removing

Video logos can be considered as a form of visible watermark which is a trademark or symbol to declare the video copyright. However, in some cases, it will cause visual discomfort due to the presence of multiple logos overlapped directly or blended with another logo in videos. In this paper, we use an efficient gradient- based average approach to detect the logo firstly; then, the selected logo mask in the entire video sequence will be inpainted by the spatial-temporal image restoration technique. Experimental results show that our method is capable of recovering various kinds of video logos in the visually plausible way.

Topic: Digital Media Forensic Detection
Subfield: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
The biochemial and phyotochemical study ofTinospora cordifolia in water extracts

Tinospora cordifolia (TC) is a widely used medicinal herb in Indian ayurvedic system as this plant has great antioxidant potential which is due to their contents of variable phytoconstituents.The aqueous extract showed significant antioxidant potential and also possess metal chelation and reducing power activity.Tinospora cordifolia aqueous extract was found to have the total phenolic content 8.0 mg/g, flavonoids 3.0 mg/g and tannins 18.0 mg/g.

Topic: Phytochemicals and Medicinal Plants
Subfield: Complementary and alternative medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Effect of Low Temperature Cultivation on the Phytochemical Profile and Bioactivity of Arctic Plants: A Case of Dracocephalum palmatum

The influence of climatic factors, e.g., low temperature, on the phytochemical composition and bioactivity of the arctic plant Dracocephalum palmatum Steph. ax Willd. (palmate dragonhead), a traditional food and medical herb of Northern Siberia, was investigated. D. palmatum seedlings were grown in a greenhouse experiment at normal (20 °C, NT) and low (1 °C, LT) temperature levels and five groups of components that were lipophilic and hydrophilic in nature were characterized. The analyses indicated that D. palmatum under NT demonstrates high content of photosynthetic pigments, specific fatty acid (FA) profile with domination of saturated FA (53.3%) and the essential oil with trans-pinocamphone as a main component (37.9%). Phenolic compounds were identified using a combination of high performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection and electrospray ionization mass-spectrometric detection (HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS) techniques, as well as free carbohydrates and water soluble polysaccharides. For the first time, it was established that the cold acclimation of D. palmatum seedlings resulted in various changes in physiological and biochemical parameters such as membrane permeability, photosynthetic potential, membrane fluidity, leaf surface secretory function, reactive oxygen species–antioxidant balance, osmoregulator content and cell wall polymers. In brief, results showed that the adaptive strategy of D. palmatum under LT was realized on the accumulation of membrane or surface components with more fluid properties (unsaturated FA and essential oils), antioxidants (phenolic compounds and enzymes), osmoprotectants (free sugars) and cell wall components (polysaccharides). In addition, the occurrence of unusual flavonoids including two new isomeric malonyl esters of eriodictyol-7-O-glucoside was found in LT samples. Data thus obtained allow improving our understanding of ecophysiological mechanisms of cold adaptation of arctic plants.

Topic: Plant Stress Responses and Tolerance
Subfield: Plant Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Glioblastoma Metabolism: Insights and Therapeutic Strategies

Tumor metabolism is emerging as a potential target for cancer therapies. This new approach holds particular promise for the treatment of glioblastoma, a highly lethal brain tumor that is resistant to conventional treatments, for which improving therapeutic strategies is a major challenge. The presence of glioma stem cells is a critical factor in therapy resistance, thus making it essential to eliminate these cells for the long-term survival of cancer patients. Recent advancements in our understanding of cancer metabolism have shown that glioblastoma metabolism is highly heterogeneous, and that cancer stem cells exhibit specific metabolic traits that support their unique functionality. The objective of this review is to examine the metabolic changes in glioblastoma and investigate the role of specific metabolic processes in tumorigenesis, as well as associated therapeutic approaches, with a particular focus on glioma stem cell populations.

Topic: Cancer, Hypoxia, and Metabolism
Subfield: Cancer Research
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Experimental models in peritoneal dialysis (Review)

Peritoneal dialysis (PD) is one of the most commonly used dialysis methods and plays an important role in maintaining the quality of life of patients with end-stage renal disease. However, long-term PD treatment is associated with adverse effects on the structure and function of peritoneal tissue, which may lead to peritoneal ultrafiltration failure, resulting in dialysis failure and eventually PD withdrawal. In order to prevent the occurrence of these effects, the important issues that need to be tackled are improvement of ultrafiltration, protection of peritoneal function and extension of dialysis time. In basic PD research, a reasonable experimental model is key to the smooth progress of experiments. A good PD model should not only simulate the process of human PD as accurately as possible, but also help researchers to understand the evolution process and pathogenesis of various complications related to PD treatment. To better promote the clinical application of PD technology, the present review will summarize and evaluate the <i>in vivo</i> PD experimental models available, thus providing a reference for relevant PD research.

Topic: Dialysis and Renal Disease Management
Subfield: Nephrology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Reply on RC1

<strong class="journal-contentHeaderColor">Abstract.</strong> The performance of the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model versionÂ 3.8.1 at convection-permitting scale is evaluated by means of several sensitivity simulations over southern Peru down to a grid resolution of 1âkm, whereby the main focus is on the domain with 5âkm horizontal resolution. Different configurations of microphysics, cumulus, longwave radiation, and planetary boundary layer schemes are tested. For the yearÂ 2008, the simulated precipitation amounts and patterns are compared to gridded observational data sets and weather station data gathered from Peru, Bolivia, and Brazil. The temporal correlation of simulated monthly accumulated precipitation against in situ and gridded observational data show that the most challenging regions for WRF are the slopes along both sides of the Andes, i.e. elevations between 1000 and 3000âm above sea level. The pattern correlation analysis between simulated precipitation and station data suggests that all tested WRF setups perform rather poorly along the northeastern slopes of the Andes during the entire year. In the southwestern region of the domain the performance of all setups is better except for the driest period (MayâSeptember). The results of the pattern correlation to the gridded observational data sets show that all setups perform reasonably well except along both slopes during the dry season. The precipitation patterns reveal that the typical setup used over Europe is too dry throughout the entire year, and that the experiment with the combination of the single-moment 6-class microphysics scheme and the GrellâFreitas cumulus parameterization in the domains with resolutions larger than 5âkm, suitable for East Africa, does not perfectly apply to other equatorial regions such as the Amazon basin in southeastern Peru. The experiment with the Stony Brook University microphysics scheme and the Grell-Freitas cumulus parameterization tends to overestimate precipitation over the northeastern slopes of the Andes, but enforces a positive feedback between the soil moisture, air temperature, relative humidity, mid-level cloud cover and, finally, precipitation. Hence, this setup provides the most accurate results over the Peruvian Amazon, and particularly over the department of Madre de Dios, which is a region of interest because it is considered a biodiversity hotspot of Peru. The robustness of this particular configuration of the model is backed up by similar results obtained during wet climate conditions observed in 2012.

Topic: Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations
Subfield: Atmospheric Science
Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences
Domain: Physical Sciences
Breastfeeding in the HIV Epidemic: A Midwife's Dilemma in International Work

As standards develop to reduce the maternal-to-child transmission of HIV, healthcare professionals need to evaluate recommendations in the context of culturally-accepted values for the populations to be served. Breastfeeding, a central value in South African families, carries the risk of transmission in mothers that are HIV+. A dilemma faced by international workers is the sharing of information that challenges culturally-accepted practices. A nurse-midwife working with HIV positive women during the childbearing cycle in the United States is expected to implement protocols to prevent transmission of the HIV virus to the newborn. These include administration of antiretroviral medications to the women during the pregnancy and labor, as well as the policy of no breastfeeding, since breast milk contains the HIV virus and can be a source of passing the infection to the baby. Ethical dilemmas develop when the nurse-midwife is an international worker in a country which is in the midst of the HIV epidemic such as South Africa. Current South African policy regarding mother-to-child transmission recommends either exclusive breastfeeding with rapid weaning at six months, or exclusive bottle feeding. Cultural practice favors breastfeeding with the addition of cereals, in effect, mixed feeding. These practices lead to a high risk of transmission and infection in the newborn.

Topic: HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
Subfield: Infectious Diseases
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Heterobimetallic complexes CpNiCo(CO)<sub>2</sub>(PPh<sub>3</sub>)(PhC<sub>2</sub>C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>4</sub>‐R ‐<i>p</i>): their synthesis, electrochemistry and ESR

Abstract Three new heterobimetallic acetylene complexes CpNiCo (CO) 3 (PPh 3 ) (PhC 2 C 4 H 4 ‐R‐ p ) [R = H (2), Br (3), COCH 2 (4)] have been synthesized in suitable yield (31–47%) via the reaction of (PhC 2 C 3 H 4 ‐R‐ p )CO 2 (CO) 5 PPh 2 with nickelcene in n ‐octane. The complex CpNiCo(CO) 3 (Ph 2 C 3 ) (1) has also been obtained in 12% by the reaction of (Ph 2 C 2 ) Co 2 (CO) 4 with nickelcene. The complexes have been characterized by elemental analysis, IR and 1 H NMR. Electrochemical study of redox couples of these complexes was presented by using cyclic voltammetry on Pt electrodes in acetone. At room temperature, all complexes underwent electrochemically reversible or guasi‐reversible oneelectron oxidation or reduction to the stable radicals. The radical anions of the complexes could be easily detected by ESR method in situ electrolysis in the THF solution. The isotropic parameters, &lt; a &gt;CO=2.20mT, &lt; g &gt; = 2.052 for the radical anion of complex 1, &lt; a &gt;CO= 2.20 mT, &lt; a &gt;P = 1.42 mT, &lt; g &gt;=2.057 for the radical anion of complex 2, might indicate that NiCoC 2 framework is a delocalized unit and the ligand obitals in the complex have more contribution to the LUMO of the complex.

Topic: Organometallic Complex Synthesis and Catalysis
Subfield: Organic Chemistry
Field: Chemistry
Domain: Physical Sciences
Code and Character

This chapter examines artificial intelligence ethics from theoretical frameworks to practical applications. The author explores whether machines can think ethically while analyzing the interplay between technological capabilities and human values. Through assessment of algorithmic bias, accountability issues, and privacy concerns, the chapter illuminates AI's darker implications while offering perspectives on implementations across healthcare, business, and education. The discussion addresses legal frameworks, corporate responsibility, and human-machine collaboration models. By integrating theory with concrete examples, the chapter establishes an ethical framework balancing innovation with precaution, emphasizing multidisciplinary approaches in aligning AI development with human welfare. This analysis contributes to discourse on how ethical principles can foster more equitable technological futures while navigating the complex ethical challenges inherent in AI advancement.

Topic: Swearing, Euphemism, Multilingualism
Subfield: Communication
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Replication Data for: A Clarity Model of District Representation: District Magnitude and Pork Priorities

Replication data for "A Clarity Model of District Representation: District Magnitude and Pork Priorities". ABSTRACT: Carey and Shugart’s (1995) important personal vote seeking model has long dominated literature on electoral rules and district representation. Empirical support for the model is somewhat mixed, however. We think one reason may be that its applicability depends on the type of district-focused representation. We present an alternative “clarity model,” drawing from Lancaster (1986), that may work better for one specific type of district-targeted representation—pork provision. The clarity model posits district magnitude should be linked to less pork regardless of ballot type because it limits clarity of responsibility for pork outcomes. Legislators not directly responsible for goods and services allocated to the district can still claim credit for them in high magnitude districts (Samuels 2002). We test this theory with elite survey data on legislators’ priorities toward pork provision in 14 Latin American and 10 Western Europe democracies and find empirical support for a clarity theory of pork priorities.

Topic: Electoral Systems and Political Participation
Subfield: Political Science and International Relations
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
The prevalence of helicobacter pylori and related conditions in van province and its region

Aim: The prevalence of Helicobacter Pylori (HP) is up to 90% in developing countries, whereas it is less than 40% in developed countries. This study aims to determine the prevalence of HP in Van city and its region and to investigate the relationship between the presence of HP and the clinical, endoscopic appearanceMaterial and Methods: A total of 367 cases that presented with the dyspeptic complaints to the Gastroenterology outpatient-clinic and underwent upper-gastrointestinal endoscopy and gastric biopsies between July/2017-March/2019 were included in the study. The patients included in the study were divided into three age-groups (1-5 years, 6-10 years, 11-18 years). The clinical complaints, endoscopic findings were recorded in all patients. The relationship between HP positivity and clinical complaints, the endoscopic appearance was analyzed.Results: The presence of HP was found in 234(63.8%) patients. However, the incidence of HP was 63.8% in all patients; it was found 34.6% between 1-5 years, 61.8% between 6-10 years, and 71.2% between 11-18 years, respectively. The duodenal ulcer was found in 8.5%(20/234) of HP positive cases, and 3.5%(5/133) of HP negative cases. In predicting the presence of HP, the ulcer specificity was determined 96%, the sensitivity was 8.5%, the positive predictive value was 80%, and the negative predictive value was found 37.4%Conclusion: HP should be considered in patients with recurrent and chronic abdominal pain. Endoscopic appearance of nodular antral gastritis and the ulcer should suggest HP infection. The high rate of activity and chronicity in HP positive cases indicates the importance of HP eradication therapy.

Topic: Helicobacter pylori-related gastroenterology studies
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
[Quantifying dyspnea].

Several methods have been proposed in the recent years to quantitate dyspnoea in healthy subjects or patients. Dyspnoea can be serially assessed on exercise, using either a visual analogue scale or a Borg scale, and is usually analyzed in relation to ventilation, which defines a dyspnoea threshold and a dyspnoea/ventilation slope. Inhaled bronchodilators, oral morphine, continuous (or inspiratory) positive airway pressure or respiratory rehabilitation programmes are able to decrease the dyspnoea/ventilation slope in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, while atenolol and pneumectomy have a deleterious effect. Measurement of dyspnoea in everyday life is feasible using the oxygen cost diagram or the baseline dyspnoea index; these indices are responsive to therapy, e.g. to oral theophylline in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Dyspnoea measured at rest is a marker for evaluating the perception of added loads (open scale) or acute bronchoconstriction in normals or patients; in the latter it may also reflect the perception of the degree in baseline ventilatory impairment or that of acute bronchodilation (bipolar visual analogue scale). Some respiratory patients being poor perceivers, methods able to improve the perception of airway obstruction are desirable in these individuals.

Topic: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Research
Subfield: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Materials Data on As2Pd5 by Materials Project

Pd5As2 crystallizes in the hexagonal P6_3cm space group. The structure is three-dimensional. there are six inequivalent Pd sites. In the first Pd site, Pd is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to nine Pd and four As atoms. There are a spread of Pd–Pd bond distances ranging from 2.83–2.91 Å. There are three shorter (2.63 Å) and one longer (2.78 Å) Pd–As bond lengths. In the second Pd site, Pd is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to nine Pd and four As atoms. There are a spread of Pd–Pd bond distances ranging from 2.79–3.08 Å. There are a spread of Pd–As bond distances ranging from 2.53–2.91 Å. In the third Pd site, Pd is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to nine Pd and four As atoms. There are three shorter (2.91 Å) and three longer (3.14 Å) Pd–Pd bond lengths. There are three shorter (2.65 Å) and one longer (2.79 Å) Pd–As bond lengths. In the fourth Pd site, Pd is bonded in a 12-coordinate geometry to eight Pd and four As atoms. There are a spread of Pd–Pd bond distances ranging from 2.77–2.99 Å. There are a spread of Pd–As bond distances ranging from 2.46–2.69 Å. In the fifth Pd site, Pd is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to seven Pd and three As atoms. There are one shorter (2.57 Å) and two longer (2.58 Å) Pd–As bond lengths. In the sixth Pd site, Pd is bonded in a 1-coordinate geometry to seven Pd and five As atoms. There are a spread of Pd–As bond distances ranging from 2.47–3.02 Å. There are three inequivalent As sites. In the first As site, As is bonded in a 10-coordinate geometry to ten Pd atoms. In the second As site, As is bonded in a 10-coordinate geometry to ten Pd atoms. In the third As site, As is bonded in a 10-coordinate geometry to ten Pd atoms.

Topic: Rare-earth and actinide compounds
Subfield: Condensed Matter Physics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Wide Sargasso Sea (1966)

Wide Sargasso Sea is divided into three parts. Although other secondary narrators appear, the first part is narrated by Antoinette Cosway, the second by an unnamed man whom she marries, and the third by Antoinette again. It soon becomes clear to the reader that these two narrators will be more familiar to anyone who has read Jane Eyre as Rochester and Bertha Mason, his first 'mad' wife. Rhys's novel has therefore been called a 'prequel' to Jane Eyre but this should not be taken literally as there are differences, not least of chronology, between them that mean the characters in the two novels cannot be simply equated. Most of Jane Eyre takes place in the first decade of the century but Wide Sargasso Sea crucially begins with the end of slavery: 'Still waiting for this compensation the English promised when the Emancipation Act was passed' (ll.12–14), which was in 1833. Slavery was legally abolished on 1 August 1834, the year that Antoinette's father dies. In many history books this legislation is portrayed as a great humanitarian move on the part of the British, in contrast with the rest of Europe, but fear of rebellion was a major factor. The Jamaican uprising of 1831–2 was perhaps decisive at a time when widespread unrest across the West Indies was feared and so Wide Sargasso Sea's opening on Jamaica is partly important precisely because it was the site of intensive black resistance.KeywordsSexual DesireBlack PeopleBrown SeaweedSlave TradeWhite GoldThese keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.

Topic: Caribbean history, culture, and politics
Subfield: Cultural Studies
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Lower versus Higher Glycemic Criteria for Diagnosis of Gestational Diabetes

The use of lower glycemic criteria for the diagnosis of gestational diabetes did not result in a lower risk of a large-for-gestational-age infant than the use of higher glycemic criteria. (Funded by the Health Research Council of New Zealand and others; GEMS Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry number, ACTRN12615000290594.).

Topic: Gestational Diabetes Research and Management
Subfield: Obstetrics and Gynecology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Programs in Law and Social Science

By way of introducing this column, I should like to sketch briefly a picture of the major current programs which have developed under the aegis of the Russell Sage Foundation. These impressions are based on a review of grant applications and annual reports on file with the Russell Sage Foundation, on my own experiences working at Berkeley and at Denver, and on visits by my New York University colleagues to the Sage-sponsored centers at Wisconsin and Northwestern.

Topic: Legal Education and Practice Innovations
Subfield: Law
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Hordeum vulgare L. AGG 407875 BARL

Plant Genetic Resource.<br>Taxonomy: Hordeum vulgare L.<br>Common name(s): Barley<br>Other names: NANPU HADAKA<br>Conserved by: Australian Grains Genebank, DEECA (AGG), Australia<br>Local sample unique identifier: AGG 407875 BARL<br>Method of creation: Acquisition<br>Date: 1998-02-05<br>Other identifiers: n/a,OUJ221<br>Historical: No<br>Biological status: Advanced or improved cultivar<br>MLS status: Included

Topic: Pregnancy and preeclampsia studies
Subfield: Obstetrics and Gynecology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
An Architectural Survey of the “Mufti's House” in Qālūnyā/Motza

ABSTRACT This is a report of an architectural survey of the “Mufti's House” in Motza/Qālūnyā, Israel. The data is primarily drawn from Saidel and Erickson-Gini's 2019 survey; some information is also drawn from Mashiah's fieldwork in 2010. Historical images demonstrate that this compound was standing by 1906 and that it remained in use throughout the Mandate period. This compound was built using traditional Palestinian construction methods such as those described by Tawfiq Canaan. There is no obvious evidence for architectural modifications to this complex during the Mandate period. Historical records indicate that members of the Husseini family, including the Mufti, occupied this building throughout the Late Ottoman and British Mandate periods. This structure is an example of a summer or country house that was built by an elite Jerusalemite family.

Topic: Archaeology and Historical Studies
Subfield: Archeology
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences