jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Notes: Model Analysis of Oscillating Flow of High‐Density Polyethylene Melt

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Seisuke Okubo, Yukio Hori; Notes: Model Analysis of Oscillating Flow of High‐Density Polyethylene Melt. J. Rheol. 1 April 1980; 24 (2): 253–257. https://doi.org/10.1122/1.549592 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentThe Society of RheologyJournal of Rheology Search Advanced Search |Citation Search

Topic: Rheology and Fluid Dynamics Studies
Subfield: Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes
Field: Chemical Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Synergy between radio and optical interferometry: image reconstruction, calibration and data analysis

Technology for image reconstruction in radio interferometry has evolved over nearly three decades with the state of the art moving towards fully automated data reduction and image reconstruction pipelines. There is potential merit in exploring areas of possible synergy with optical interferometry with the goal of transferring information both ways about lessons learnt and maybe even identifying areas where joint technical R and D may be mutually beneficial. This paper presents an overview of radio interferometric imaging and addresses the measurement of visibilities, the editing, calibration and image reconstruction steps. The state of the art is summarized and areas of potential overlap with optical interferometric data analysis and imaging are highlighted.

Topic: Radio Astronomy Observations and Technology
Subfield: Astronomy and Astrophysics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Liquid‐Gas Mass Transfer of Volatile Substances in an Energy Dissipating Structure

ABSTRACT: Mass transfer of a range of volatile substances was studied under highly turbulent conditions. The applied setup mimicked drop structures, where the release of volatile organic carbons likely occurs at a high rate. The experiments covered several substances in a range of resistances from residing entirely in the liquid film to being fully in the gas film. The two‐film theory yielded a good prediction of the whole measured range. This allowed the experimental validation of a method where two reference substances are applied, to determine the transfer of any other substance ‐ independently of where its resistance to mass transfer resides. One finding was that the range of dimensionless Henry's constants, where both films contributed by more than 5%, was 0.0027 to 1.05, which is over five times higher than the accepted rule of thumb (0.0005–0.18). Another finding was that the ratio between the liquid and the gas film mass transfer coefficients of the reference substances was similar for the two drop configurations studied. If this holds true over a wider range of configurations, such a ratio constitutes a valuable shortcut to the current practice of ignoring gas film resistance in the estimation of mass transfer rates.

Topic: Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics
Subfield: Global and Planetary Change
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
A field Study on the Reality of Fish Farms in Samarra District, Salah Al-Din Governorate

Abstract A field survey of fish farms was conducted in Samarra district - Salah al-Din governorate, where the largest number of fish farms in Samarra district was targeted, which numbered 40, including the areas of Abbasiya, Mafrq, Al-Jallam and Sakhira, where the total area that was surveyed was about (58 dunums). All fish farms depended at the rate 100% on submersible feed. Common carp is the most cultured in all fish farms compared to grass carp and silver carp. Three methods were used to construct the basins, which are ground, plugged, excavated and plugged, which gave the highest percentages compared to the other two types. Three methods were used to fill the fish basins: diesel pumps, electric pumps the flaw water, and tourism, where diesel was relied upon to fill all the basins of the study areas except for the Mafrq area, where electricity was relied upon to fill the basins. The fish were fed on a manufactured diet in all regions at a rate of 100%. The fertilizers used for fertilizing the basins were chemical, which ranged between 70%-100%, compared to the other two types, animal and mixed. Most workers in this field range from illiterate 15-25%, elementary school 40-63%, intermediate 15-20%, preparatory school 2-10%, institute 5% and college 0%.

Topic: Fisheries and Aquaculture Studies
Subfield: General Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Penerapan Limit Fungsi untuk Mencari Keuntungan Maksimum Ditinjau dari Biaya Marginal

Marginal costs are changes in total costs in the form of increases or decreases in total costs due to changes in the quality of goods or services. Through the types of production costs used as processing costs, it will be seen to what extent the use of capital will be used and profits will be obtained. This analysis will help to what extent a company can determine the planning for the business that is built, whether to get maximum or minimum profits. This study uses literature study, which is research in which data sources and data collection are obtained by taking library data, reading, recording and processing the data as research material. Based on an analysis of literature data regarding "Maximum Profits from Fishermen Business in East Balikpapan District" the results obtained are the maximum profit in terms of marginal costs, namely the maximum profit for the total catch of fishermen and occurs at a maximum catch rate (Q) of 159.92. So it was concluded that the fishing business in East Balikpapan District had not yet achieved maximum profit, because the fishermen's catch exceeded the maximum catch level requested.

Topic: Agriculture and Agroindustry Studies
Subfield: General Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
Novel TNXB Variants in Two Italian Patients with Classical-Like Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome

TNXB-related classical-like Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (TNXB-clEDS) is an ultrarare type of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome due to biallelic null variants in TNXB, encoding tenascin-X. Less than 30 individuals have been reported to date, mostly of Dutch origin and showing a phenotype resembling classical Ehlers-Danlos syndrome without atrophic scarring. TNXB-clEDS is likely underdiagnosed due to the complex structure of the TNXB locus, a fact that complicates diagnostic molecular testing. Here, we report two unrelated Italian women with TNXB-clEDS due to compound heterozygosity for null alleles in TNXB. Both presented soft and hyperextensible skin, generalized joint hypermobility and related musculoskeletal complications, and chronic constipation. In addition, individual 1 showed progressive finger contractures and shortened metatarsals, while individual 2 manifested recurrent subconjunctival hemorrhages and an event of spontaneous rupture of the brachial vein. Molecular testing found the two previously unreported c.8278C &gt; T p.(Gln2760*) and the c.(2358 + 1_2359 − 1)_(2779 + 1_2780 − 1)del variants in Individual 1, and the novel c.1150dupG p.(Glu384Glyfs*57) and the recurrent c.11435_11524+30del variants in Individual 2. mRNA analysis confirmed that the c.(2358 + 1_2359 − 1)_(2779 + 1_2780 − 1)del variant causes a frameshift leading to a predicted truncated protein [p.(Thr787Glyfs*40)]. This study refines the phenotype recently delineated in association with biallelic null alleles in TNXB, and adds three novel variants to its mutational repertoire. Unusual digital anomalies seem confirmed as possibly peculiar of TNXB-clEDS, while vascular fragility could be more than a chance association also in this Ehlers-Danlos syndrome type.

Topic: Connective tissue disorders research
Subfield: Genetics
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Assessing post-socialist urban change with Landsat data; Case study Berlin, Germany

Germany's capital Berlin has undergone tremendous urban structural changes in the past decades since the German re-unification. In addition to processes of urban growth and densification, processes of urban shrinkage occur in Berlin. As these processes have great impact on urban ecosystems and therefore on human well-being, monitoring of respective changes is required to support sustainable urban development. This study therefore aims to detect and quantify the urban structural changes in Berlin and its outskirts since the re-unification in 1989. Hence, two Landsat TM5 data sets covering the city of Berlin and adjacent rural areas were obtained, geometrically corrected and layer stacked. Subsequently, the layer stack was subject to a multi-temporal principal component analysis. Thereafter, an unsupervised classification of selected principal components (PC3, PC4, and PC6) was carried out. The change detection was conducted based on the classification results and yielded reliable results of approximately 90% accuracy. The change analysis showed that besides alternations in agricultural crops major changes occurred on the outskirts of Berlin, mostly in terms of large-area construction activity in the former eastern part. Furthermore, contrary processes could be identified in the former border region of the divided city. Whilst there was building activity in the more central parts, succession and renaturation were detected in most other parts of the Berlin Wall. The study showed that remote sensing has proven to be an appropriate tool to assess contrary post-socialist urban structural changes of Berlin, Germany.

Topic: Land Use and Ecosystem Services
Subfield: Global and Planetary Change
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Information Network Assessment of Farm Women in Sub-Himalayan Terai Region of India and the Role of KVK

Krishi Vigyan Kendra play an important role of information network development among the farmers and farm women through different training and extension programme. This empirical study was conducted to find out the role of Krishi Vigyan Kendra on information networks development of the farm women in sub Himalayan terai region of India and to identify the different factors influencing agricultural information network output of the farm women in terms of knowledge. The study was conducted in the Cooch Behar District of West Bengal with the help of an ex post facto research design. It is found from the study that social participation of farm women was high in case of the members of Self Help Groups, Mobility of the farm women were more in panchayat office. Majority of the farm women received farm information from farmers club/FPO, sources of informal farm information of the female farmers were higher in case of discussion with fellow farmers, mass media exposure of the farm women was higher in case of mobile phone and farm women visit the farm science centre whenever problems occur. It is also found from the study that the variables livestock possession, material possession, participation of FSC programme, communication skill, attitude of the farm women towards FSC scientist, mass media exposure, e resources exposure, decision making ability, type of family and occupation were influence more than 70% of the variability of the dependent variable agricultural information network output of the farm women. So, it is very essential for taking consideration above mentioned variable before implementation of any farm women orientated programme. It is revealed from the study that the residual errors were less in the regression model and there was some of variation that is not explained by the model. The research work would play important guidelines for expanding the information network in the field of agriculture through Krishi Vigyan Kendra.

Topic: Agricultural Innovations and Practices
Subfield: General Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
La cuestión de honor en las dos versiones de El alcalde de Zalamea

The following article explores how the Golden Age dramatists, Félix Lope de Vega Carpio and Pedro Calderón de la Barca defined the term honor in their versions of El alcalde de Zalamea and how that definition differentiates from the medieval concept of the term. Both authors arrive at a new definition of honor through the comedies' protagonist Pedro Crespo and according to both authors, honor is no longer a quality that only the nobility can possess. The article concludes that it is through Pedro Crespo's judicial duties as mayor that Lope derives his new definition, while it is through the evolution of Pedro Crespo's character and the contrasts that Calderón establishes between Pedro Crespo and don Álvaro that Calderón arrives at his new definition of honor.

Topic: Early Modern Spanish Literature
Subfield: Literature and Literary Theory
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Emergence of a Pneumococcal Clone with Cephalosporin Resistance and Penicillin Susceptibility

ABSTRACT We report two South African serotype 6B pneumococcal isolates with cephalosporin resistance, yet with susceptibility to penicillin. DNA fingerprinting revealed that they were clonal in origin. pbp 2X and 1A genes showed major alterations typical of cephalosporin-resistant pneumococci. The pbp 2B gene was completely unaltered, explaining the penicillin susceptibility of the isolates.

Topic: Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections
Subfield: Epidemiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Left ventricular remodelling patterns after MitraClip implantation in patients with severe mitral valve regurgitation: mechanistic insights and prognostic implications

The majority of patients undergoing MitraClip implantation for severe MR showed LV reverse remodelling. However, there was a small group in whom afterload mismatch resulted in sustained adverse remodelling with subsequent high mortality.

Topic: Cardiac Valve Diseases and Treatments
Subfield: Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
survey of gross pathologic conditions of cattle presented for slaughter in the southeastern United States

According to the United States Department of Agriculture, cattle slaughtered in 2017 totaled 32.2 million animals and approximately 6.4 million animals were adult cull cattle (USDA 2016; USDA-NASS 2016). This harvest accounts for an estimated 5.4 billion pounds of beef or 20.7% of the 2017, US beef production. In the Southeastern US, the production of beef from cull cattle included 583,300 animals or approximately 90% of the total animals harvested in the region. Establishing the prevalence of diseases within this population is necessary for improving the quality and profitability of this sector of the industry. The objectives of this study were; 1) determine the prevalence of gross pathologic conditions, 2) characterize the type and frequency of conditions eliciting carcass condemnation, and 3) evaluate the extent of carcass bruising in cull cattle presented to slaughter and originating from farms in the southeastern United States.

Topic: Microbial infections and disease research
Subfield: Microbiology
Field: Immunology and Microbiology
Domain: Life Sciences
Conflicts, Compromises, and Political Decisions

This chapter describes the architecture development process in an international ICT company, which is building a comprehensive e-business system for its customers. The implementation includes the integration of data and legacy systems from independent business units and the construction of a uniform Web-based customer interface. We followed the early process of architecture analysis and definition over a year. The research focuses on the creation of e-business architecture and observes that instead of guided by a prescribed method, the architecture emerges through somewhat non-deliberate actions obliged by the situation and its constraints, conflicts, compromises, and political decisions. The interview-based qualitative data is analyzed using grounded theory and a coherent story explaining the situation and its forces is extracted. Conclusions are drawn from the observations and possibilities and weaknesses of the support that UML and RUP provide for the process are pointed out.

Topic: Information Technology Governance and Strategy
Subfield: Management Information Systems
Field: Business, Management and Accounting
Domain: Social Sciences
Building transformers from neurons and astrocytes

Glial cells account for between 50% and 90% of all human brain cells, and serve a variety of important developmental, structural, and metabolic functions. Recent experimental efforts suggest that astrocytes, a type of glial cell, are also directly involved in core cognitive processes such as learning and memory. While it is well established that astrocytes and neurons are connected to one another in feedback loops across many timescales and spatial scales, there is a gap in understanding the computational role of neuron–astrocyte interactions. To help bridge this gap, we draw on recent advances in AI and astrocyte imaging technology. In particular, we show that neuron–astrocyte networks can naturally perform the core computation of a Transformer, a particularly successful type of AI architecture. In doing so, we provide a concrete, normative, and experimentally testable account of neuron–astrocyte communication. Because Transformers are so successful across a wide variety of task domains, such as language, vision, and audition, our analysis may help explain the ubiquity, flexibility, and power of the brain’s neuron–astrocyte networks.

Topic: Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
Subfield: Neurology
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences
Research on Effect of Oil Film Inertia on Piston Skirt by Iteration Method

The influence of oil film inertia on piston skirt lubrication in a high speed engine is investigated by an iteration method that alternately solves the Navier-Stocks equations and the Reynolds equation by finite element method and difference method. The Reynolds lubrication equation including oil film inertia is developed, in which the inertia coefficient is introduced to investigate the effect of oil film inertia. The iteration procedure and finite formulation of solving the new Reynolds lubrication equation are given to analyze the effect of oil film on piston skirt in this kind of engine. The calculation results show that the oil film inertia has some effects on the friction force, pressure force and load capacity of oil film and its effect is obvious for the last. The Reynolds lubrication equation proposed can be also used to analyze the lubrication performance of the piston skirt in low or medium speed engine and some other lubrication problems generally excluding oil film inertia with the inertia coefficient being set at zero.

Topic: Tribology and Lubrication Engineering
Subfield: Mechanical Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Refining questionnaire-based assessment of STEM students’ learning strategies

Learning strategies are considered a key aspect for academic performance not only for science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) students. Refining their assessment thus constitutes a worthwhile research purpose. The aim of this study is to examine the 69-item LIST questionnaire (ZDDP 15:185-200, 1994) with the aim of shortening it while keeping its factor structure and thus its potential for describing learning behaviour and for identifying significant changes therein. This includes exploring if reduced scales remain internally reliable, both in terms of reliability measures and content, and to examine if they stay sensitive enough to capture developments in a pre-post design. Our cohorts consist of STEM students (N = 2374) from different engineering courses at Ruhr-Universität Bochum in Germany, typically predominantly males, some with insufficient background in mathematics or non-native speakers of German. The data was analysed using various statistic methods, e.g. reliability measurement and confirmatory factor analysis. Our findings show that about half of the original items (36 out of 69) are sufficient, reliability holds (Cronbach's α > 0.7) and more variance is explained (56.17 % as compared to 45.65 %). Most content-related changes occurring when eliminating so many items survive critical scrutiny. The study shows that it is possible to refine and considerably shorten the LIST questionnaire to the effect that all but one factor are kept intact. This will simplify future research enormously. Furthermore, the refined factor structure suggests reconsidering the postulate of metacognition as an easily accessed facet of learning behaviour—thus implying promising research perspectives.

Topic: Innovative Teaching and Learning Methods
Subfield: Developmental and Educational Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Präoperativ elektrisch evozierte Hirnstammpotentiale als Prädiktor des postoperativen Verlaufs nach einer Cochleaimplantation

Objective: Subjective promontory stimulation is used to evaluate cochlear implant (CI) candidacy, but the test reliability is low. Electrically evoked auditory brainstem response (EABR) can verify the function of the auditory system objectively. This study’s procedure uses a trans-tympanic rounded bent-tip electrode to perform pre-operative EABR under local anaesthesia (LA-TT-EABR) using MED-EL Software and Hardware. This study aimed to determine usability and effectiveness for CI candidates. Design: We hypothesised that LA-TT-EABR waveforms of good quality would be related to successful hearing outcomes. We assumed that the duration of hearing loss/deafness was a confounding factor to study outcomes. Study sample: 19 borderline CI candidates. Results: Positive LA-TT-EABR results were confirmed in 14 patients. LA-TT-EABR’s mean latency was 2.05 ± 0.31 ms (eII/eIII) and 4.24 ± 0.39 ms (eIV/eV). Latencies weren’t statistically different from intra-operative EABR elicited by basal CI contacts. All positive LA-TT-EABR patients benefitted from CI and speech performance improved one year after implantation. One patient with negative LA-TT-EABR was cochlearimplanted and had no hearing sensation. Conclusions: LA-TT-EABR is a tool in the frame of pre-operative objective testing the auditory pathway. It seems useful for clinical testing CI candidacy. Based on this study’s outcomes, LA-TT-EABR should be recommended for uncertain CI candidates.

Topic: Hearing Loss and Rehabilitation
Subfield: Cognitive Neuroscience
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences
Mutations which affect the inhibition of protein phosphatase 2A by simian virus 40 small-t antigen in vitro decrease viral transformation

Three independent point mutations within residues 97 to 103 of the simian virus 40-small-t antigen (small-t) greatly reduced the ability of purified small-t to inhibit protein phosphatase 2A in vitro. These mutations affected the interaction of small-t antigen with the protein phosphatase 2A A subunit translated in vitro, and a peptide from the region identified by these mutations released the A subunit from immune complexes. When introduced into virus, the mutations eliminated the ability of small-t to enhance viral transformation of growth-arrested rat F111 cells. In contrast, the mutant small-t antigens were unimpaired in the transactivation of the adenovirus E2 promoter, an activity which was reduced by a double mutation in small-t residues 43 and 45.

Topic: Virus-based gene therapy research
Subfield: Genetics
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences