jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Gamitaeeumjowee-tang for Weight Loss in Post-Menopausal Obese Women: A Retrospective Chart Review

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to evaluate weight change and analyze adverse events in post-menopausal obese women with Gamitaeeumjowee-tang for weight loss.Methods: A retrospective chart review was conducted for medical records of 115 post-menopausal obese women (body mass index, BMI≥25 kg/m2) who were administered with Gamitaeeumjowee-tang for 12 weeks for the purpose of weight loss. Weight, skeletal muscle ratio and BMI changes were compared before and after the program. Adverse events were evaluated by causality, severity and system-organ classes.Results: A total of 115 patients were included in this study. The average total weight loss in post-menopausal women was 5.72±2.04kg(p&lt;0.001) and the average weight loss rate was 8.06±2.70%(p&lt;0.001). After the 12-week program, the body fat rate was significantly decreased(3.76±2.20%)(p&lt;0.001) and the skeletal muscle ratio was significantly increased(2.07±1.24%)(p&lt;0.001). There were no significant differences in weight loss, skeletal muscle ratio change and body fat rate change depending on the number of hospital visits. Insomnia was frequently reported throughout the period, and no serious adverse events were reported.Conclusions: This study showed the potential that weight management treatment with Gamitaeeumjowee-tang could be a good way to lose weight of post-menopausal obese women without serious adverse events. Continuous well designed clinical studies are needed.

Topic: Traditional Chinese Medicine Studies
Subfield: Complementary and alternative medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Resistive switching properties of high crystallinity and low-resistance Pr0.7Ca0.3MnO3 thin film with point-contacted Ag electrodes

A high-crystallinity, low-resistance Pr0.7Ca0.3MnO3(PCMO) thin film deposited by sputtering at 600°C showed no resistive switching with a Pt∕Pr0.7Ca0.3MnO3∕Pt structure but a remarkable bipolar resistive switching with a Ag paste/Pr0.7Ca0.3MnO3∕Pt structure. Observed retention fatigue of the low-resistance state was almost saturated after 24h. The resistive switching properties were characterized as point contact of Ag grains to PCMO thin film. It was also found that the interface can form interfacial trap states and resistive change active layers. This strongly suggests that the function of the Ag point contact is similar to those of the previously proposed filament path and the nanodomain switch.

Topic: Magnetic and transport properties of perovskites and related materials
Subfield: Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Patterns of Simultaneous Polysubstance Use in Canadian Rave Attendees

The aim of this study was to examine rave-related polydrug drug use and to determine if patterns of substance use were associated with previous rave attendance. One hundred and eighty-six rave attendees (50% female) representing a wide range of ages (16 to 47 years; mean=23.5, sd=5.15) and levels of rave attendance experience (1 to 400 events) completed structured interviews in Montreal, Canada between November 2002 and September 2003 about their rave attendance patterns and their use of various licit and illicit substances at the most recently attended event. On average, participants reported using 2.5 different psychoactive substances (excluding tobacco) at the most recent event attended. Cannabis, alcohol, MDMA (ecstasy), amphetamine, cocaine, ketamine, and GHB were the most frequently reported substances, and details about their orders of administration, dosages, and patterns of co-administration are presented and discussed. The total lifetime number of raves attended by participants varied considerably (mean=48.6; sd=69.7; median=25), and there was a positive correlation between the number events attended and number of substances used at the most recent event attended (p<0.001). Analyses revealed that individuals reporting the use of ketamine, GHB, and/or cocaine at the most recent event had attended significantly more events than nonusers even when controlling for various demographic variables. A subset of respondents (n=27) completed a second interview to determine the reliability of their responses. Results indicated that respondents could reliably recall details about which drugs were used, the total doses administered, as well as order of drug administration.

Topic: Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis
Subfield: Toxicology
Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics
Domain: Life Sciences
A bibliometric perspective with research trends and global productivity on the modernization of andrology from the founder of modern clinical andrology Edward Martin to the present.

The trend topics that have been researched more in recent years include erectile dysfunction, oxidative stress, prostate cancer, sperm quality, sperm parameters, infertility, premature ejaculation, diabetes mellitus, obesity, prognosis, sperm DNA fragmentation/damage, antioxidant, asthenozoospermia, varicocelectomy, COVID-19, inflammation, prostatectomy, metabolic syndrome, hypogonadism, benign prostatic hyperplasia, lower urinary tract symptoms, meta-analysis, sexual dysfunction, peyronie's disease, and proliferation. We identified the research leadership of China, Japan, Turkey and India, in addition to Western countries, such as the USA and European countries.

Topic: Hormonal and reproductive studies
Subfield: Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Induction of Integral Membrane PAM Expression in AtT-20 Cells Alters the Storage and Trafficking of POMC and PC1

Peptidylglycine α-amidating monooxygenase (PAM) is an essential enzyme that catalyzes the COOH-terminal amidation of many neuroendocrine peptides. The bifunctional PAM protein contains an NH2-terminal monooxygenase (PHM) domain followed by a lyase (PAL) domain and a transmembrane domain. The cytosolic tail of PAM interacts with proteins that can affect cytoskeletal organization. A reverse tetracycline-regulated inducible expression system was used to construct an AtT-20 corticotrope cell line capable of inducible PAM-1 expression. Upon induction, cells displayed a time- and dose-dependent increase in enzyme activity, PAM mRNA, and protein. Induction of increased PAM-1 expression produced graded changes in PAM-1 metabolism. Increased expression of PAM-1 also caused decreased immunofluorescent staining for ACTH, a product of proopiomelanocortin (POMC), and prohormone convertase 1 (PC1) in granules at the tips of processes. Expression of PAM-1 resulted in decreased ACTH and PHM secretion in response to secretagogue stimulation, and decreased cleavage of PC1, POMC, and PAM. Increased expression of a soluble form of PAM did not alter POMC and PC1 localization and metabolism. Using the inducible cell line model, we show that expression of integral membrane PAM alters the organization of the actin cytoskeleton. Altered cytoskeletal organization may then influence the trafficking and cleavage of lumenal proteins and eliminate the ability of AtT-20 cells to secrete ACTH in response to a secretagogue.

Topic: Receptor Mechanisms and Signaling
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Pengaruh Orientasi Kewirausahaan Dan Orientasi Pasar Terhadap Kinerja Umkm Pada Bidang Kuliner Di Pasar Lama Tangerang

The purpose of this study was to find out 1) whether entrepreneurial orientation had a significant effect and positively related to the performance of MSMEs in the culinary field in Tangerang Old Market, 2) whether market orientation had a significant effect and positively related to the performance of MSMEs in the culinary field at Tangerang Lama Market. The population in this study is Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises in Tangerang. The sample used in this study was 50 respondents of UMKM owners in the culinary field at Tangerang Old Market. The sampling technique used was nonprobability sample with purposive sampling sampling method. Overall the results of this study, namely 1) entrepreneurial orientation have a significant effect and positively related to the performance of MSMEs in the culinary field in Tangerang Old Market, 2) market orientation has a significant effect and positively related to the performance of MSMEs in the culinary field at Tangerang Old Market.Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui 1) apakah orientasi kewirausahaan berpengaruh signifikan dan berhubungan positif terhadap kinerja UMKM pada bidang kuliner di Pasar Lama Tangerang, 2) apakah orientasi pasar berpengaruh signifikan dan berhubungan positif terhadap kinerja UMKM pada bidang kuliner di Pasar Lama Tangerang. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah Usaha Mikro Kecil dan Menengah di Tangerang. Sampel yang digunakan pada penelitian ini yaitu 50 reponden pemilik UMKM pada bidang kuliner di Pasar Lama Tangerang. Teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan yaitu nonprobability sample dengan metode pengambilan sampel purposive sampling. Secara keseluruhan hasil dari penelitian ini yaitu 1) orientasi kewirausahaan berpengaruh signifikan dan berhubungan positif terhadap kinerja UMKM pada bidang kuliner di Pasar Lama Tangerang, 2) orientasi pasar berpengaruh signifikan dan berhubungan positif terhadap kinerja UMKM pada bidang kuliner di Pasar Lama Tangerang.

Topic: SMEs Development and Digital Marketing
Subfield: Demography
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
International Green Marketing and Retail Companies

The studies in the book concentrate on the study of the international marketing and retail companies’ issues. International marketing considering the green marketing or environmental eco-friendly by judging consumers as a core model, while retail companies focused on the financial ratios which affects the performance of the retail industry directly. The findings in this research have provided some feedback for the green marketers in formulating their various strategies on how to attract customers to purchase their green products. It is very important to highlight the green innovation process, as it is easy to imitate the final product, compared to the process. Meanwhile, for retail companies, the results mostly corroborate the known results in the literature on the role of the financial ratios in explaining the performance of the retail companies. In particular, beside those financial ratios, other policies and initiatives could encourage firm growth, which has positive relationship with profitability.

Topic: Environmental Sustainability in Business
Subfield: Marketing
Field: Business, Management and Accounting
Domain: Social Sciences
Responsibility of neurosurgeons in cooperation with clinical neuropsychologists to accomplish full social re-entry and good HRQoL for patients following acute brain damage

Objectives: Physical neurologic and neuropsychological rehabilitation has an old tradition in Europe. Clinical recovery of physical neurological impairments following acute brain damaged do not guarantee successful social re-entry when overlooking long-lasting mental – cognitive, behavioural deficits after clinical demission. Problems in emotional adjustment are long-lasting and hinder social re-entry.\nPatients and methods: Transdisciplinary early neurorehabilitation is based on careful physical and mental - cognitive diagnostics for an individualized therapeutic intervention, when neuropsychology is essential in patients with brain lesions. The role of individually planned early neuro-psychotherapy is underestimated when dealing with patients catastrophic reactions as first described by Kurt Goldstein. This was exemplarily demonstrated in a patient with severe higher cortical functioning disturbances after acute intracerebral haemorrhage and coma, followed by secondary hydrocephalus and major emotional adjustment behavioural disturbances.\nResults: The 65 years old business man, who suffered from persisting complex mental-cognitive, behavioural, mood and emotional disturbances recovered full social competence due to professional neuropsychological neuropsychiatric treatment. \nDiscussion: Early catastrophic reactions and fear of loss of self-identity are important key issues in the emotional adjustment after brain damaged. Further research is needed to explaining the links between loss of self-esteem, self-identity and the development of depression. Attention needs to be focused on a recovery beyond functional outcome. Conclusion: Neurosurgical-neuropsychological rehabilitation is a method to reconstruct lives within a social context.

Topic: Traumatic Brain Injury Research
Subfield: Epidemiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Testosterone Secretion in Cryptorchid and Intact Bulls Injected with Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone and Luteinizing Hormone

The effect of artificial cryptorchidism on serum concentrations of LH, FSH, and testosterone in mature bulls has been examined. When compared to normal intact bulls, cryptorchid bulls had elevated (P < 0.01) concentrations of LH and FSH but near normal concentrations of testosterone. Episodic release patterns of LH were observed in both intact and cryptorchid bulls; but peaks of LH were more frequent and of higher magnitude in the cryptorchid animals. Although LH peaks resulted in increased serum testosterone in intact bulls, the small changes observed in serum testosterone of cryptorchid bulls could not be associated temporally with LH peaks. Both intact and cryptorchid bulls secreted LH and FSH in response to a 100-μg injection (iv) of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH); however, the response of cryptorchid bulls was more rapid and slightly greater in magnitude than that of intact bulls. Serum testosterone increased more than 7-fold in intact bulls but did not increase (P > 0.10) in cryptorchid bulls injected with GnRH. Similarly, 2 mg purified LH caused testosterone concentrations to triple in intact bulls, yet concentrations in cryptorchid bulls remained unchanged (P > 0.10). It is concluded from this study that 1) cryptorchid bulls have near normal serum testosterone in the presence of elevated serum concentrations of LH and FSH, 2) both intact and cryptorchid bulls secrete gonadotropins in response to GnRH, and 3) Leydig cells of cryptorchid bull testes function abnormally because neither endogenous nor exogenous gonadotropins are able to stimulate androgen secretion above basal levels. The reason (s) the cryptorchid bull testis is insensitive to LH remain to be determined.

Topic: Reproductive Physiology in Livestock
Subfield: Agronomy and Crop Science
Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Domain: Life Sciences
LandCoverMap_APTBNC.rar

This compression *.rar file contains “BayesCombLC2013.tif” which is land cover map integrated using the Bayesian-average integration and “MajortyCombLC2013.tif” which is land cover map integrated using the Majority-vote integration. After uncompressing, you can view it using ArcGIS software. There are two "*.lyr" files which contains the legend information.

Topic: Rangeland Management and Livestock Ecology
Subfield: Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Predictors of Electronic Government Services Adoption: The African Students’ Perspective in China

This study investigated the willingness of African students in China to adopt and use e-government services. The Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) was used as the theoretical framework for this study while the data were analyzed with SPSS. The results indicate that performance expectancy, social influence, culture, and facilitating conditions were significant in determining the willingness to use e-government services. Contrarily to our expectations, effort expectancy, trust in the internet and perceived service quality were not significant in influencing the willingness to use e-government services. Also, while social influence had a significant influence on the trust in the internet, it was, however, demonstrated that social influence does not have a significant impact on both the effort expectancy and performance expectancy of e-government services. The implications of these and other result findings of this study are thoroughly discussed.

Topic: Technology Adoption and User Behaviour
Subfield: Information Systems and Management
Field: Decision Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
A Variance Mismatch Study for Serial Concatenated Turbo Codes.

: In this paper we look at the impact of variance mismatch on the performance of serial concatenated convolutional codes (SCCC). It was found that serial schemes are more sensitive to variance mismatch compared to parallel schemes. We reviewed two dierent variance estimation schemes and applied them to the serial scheme. We found that both schemes work very well with a serial decoder. Also, the schemes work well for small block sizes. Keywords: Turbo codes, variance estimation. This work was carried out with nancial support from the Commonwealth of Australia through the Cooperative Research Centres Program. 1. Introduction In analysing wireless channels we usually assume that we know exactly the amount of variance of the channel. However, in real applications this is usually not the case. The variance needs to be derived from the data that was received and hence is only an approximation. There remains a question on how will a non-accurate variance aect the performance of an i...

Topic: Advanced Wireless Communication Techniques
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Self-Assembled Ultrathin H-terminated Si Nanosheet/g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> Heterojunction for Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution

Two-dimensional silicon (Si) nanosheets are becoming increasingly exciting for photocatalytic applications. Their unique morphology and physiochemical properties make it attractive in heterojunction engineering. In this work, we report the construction of 2D H–Si/g-C3N4 hybrid as a heterojunction photocatalyst for solar photocatalytic hydrogen evolution. The exfoliated silicon nanosheets etched by hydrofluoric acid exhibit a hydrogen-terminated surface with an inverse charging state, which can thus be easily anchored onto g-C3N4 nanosheets by self-assembly. The optimized H–Si/g-C3N4 heterojunction photocatalyst with Pt as the cocatalyst achieved an improved photocatalytic hydrogen production rate which is about 2 times that of g-C3N4 nanosheets under simulated sunlight irradiation using methanol as the sacrificial agent. Density functional theory calculations revealed that the built-in electric field (BIEF) at the H–Si/g-C3N4 interface contributes to the spatial charge separation of the heterojunction. The BIEF leads to an S-scheme carrier transfer mechanism at the H–Si/g-C3N4 interface that benefits the carrier separation on g-C3N4 nanosheets, resulting in uniform deposition of the Pt cocatalyst at the heterojunction interface and improved photocatalytic performance. This work not only expands the application of silicon nanosheets by supporting the potential of 2D H–Si/g-C3N4 heterojunction in photocatalytic reactions but also provides valuable insights to the interface behavior of the H–Si/g-C3N4 heterostructure.

Topic: Advanced Photocatalysis Techniques
Subfield: Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment
Field: Energy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Controlling Drug Use and Crime Among California's Drug-Involved Offenderes: Testing, Sanctions, and Treatment

CONTROLLING DRUG USEAND CRIME AMONG CALIFORNIA'S DRUG-INVOLVED OFFENDERS: TESTING, SANCTIONS, AND TREATMENT Mark A.R. Kleiman Executive Summary California suffers from a serious crime problem. The use and sale of cocaine, heroin, and methamphetamine are tightly linked to that problem. More than half of the total volume of those drugs is sold to a relatively small group of heavy users who are also criminally active. To succeed, any approach to drug abuse control must address the behavior of those hard-core user/offenders, but current strategies hold out little hope of greatly improving their behavior. Precisely because they are criminally active, however, members of the hard- core population are usually under the nominal supervision of the criminal justice system. When not in. prison, they are on probation or parole. While probationers and parolees are nominally required to abstain from illicit drug use, that requirement is not currently very effective, because severity of punishment is not an adequate substitute for certainty of detection in changing the behavior of drug-involved offenders. Increasing the capacity of the probation and parole systems to discourage hard-drug consumption among hard-core offenders is essentialto improving the drug and crime situation in California. Abstinencefrom drug use for probationers paroleesoughtto be enforced and with frequentdrug testsand predictablesanctions, with treatment offered or required to thosewhoserepeated failure to abstainundercoercionaloneshowsthem to be in needof it. The benefitsof mounting sucha programwould vastly outstripits costs,and outstrip the benefitsof any otherprogramthat could be mountedagainstdrugs and crime using comparableresources. The administrativeand political barriers are formidablebut perhaps insurmountable. not Background: California's Drug/Crime Problem Compared other states,California has high crime and low levels of police to protection. Not only do actualpropertyand violent crimescreatesubstantial levels of damage, actionstaken,or not taken,in orderto avoid criminal victimization shape but patternsof socialinteraction,residentia1lo~ation, business and activity in ways whose costsare vastly greater thanthe directcoststo victims of completed crimes.

Topic: Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
Subfield: Epidemiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
DataSheet_1_Association of metformin use with fracture risk in type 2 diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies.docx

Aims&lt;p&gt;Increasing evidence suggests that metformin can affect bone metabolism beyond its hypoglycemic effects in diabetic patients. However, the effects of metformin on fracture risk in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients remain unclear. A systematic review and meta-analysis were performed in this study to evaluate the association between metformin application and fracture risk in T2DM patients based on previous studies published until June 2021.&lt;/p&gt;Methods&lt;p&gt;A systematic search was performed to collect publications on metformin application in T2DM patients based on PubMed, Embase, Cochran, and Web of Science databases. Meta-analysis was performed by using a random-effects model to estimate the summary relative risks (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Subgroup analyses based on cohort/case-control and ethnicity and sensitivity analyses were also performed.&lt;/p&gt;Results&lt;p&gt;Eleven studies were included in the meta-analysis. Results demonstrated metformin use was not significantly associated with a decreased risk of fracture (RR, 0.91; 95% CI, 0.81–1.02; I&lt;sup&gt;2 =&lt;/sup&gt; 96.8%). Moreover, metformin use also demonstrated similar results in subgroup analyses of seven cohort studies and four case-control studies, respectively (RR, 0.90; 95% CI, 0.76–1.07; I&lt;sup&gt;2 =&lt;/sup&gt; 98.0%; RR, 0.96; 96% CI, 0.89–1.03; I&lt;sup&gt;2 =&lt;/sup&gt; 53.7%). Sensitivity analysis revealed that there was no publication bias.&lt;/p&gt;Conclusion&lt;p&gt;There was no significant correlation between fracture risk and metformin application in T2DM patients. Due to a limited number of existing studies, further research is needed to make a definite conclusion for clinical consensus.&lt;/p&gt;

Topic: Bacillus and Francisella bacterial research
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences