Cities beyond borders : comparative and transnational approaches to urban history Introduction Every time I describe a city : urban history as comparative and transnational practice Nicolas Kenny and Rebecca Madgin The seven Cs : reflections on writing a global history of urban segregation Carl H. Nightingale Port cities in crisis : considering urban governance modernity and migration in mid nineteenth century Montreal and liverpool in a transnational context Dan Horner Choreographies of urban life : mapping the social history of cities Jordan Stanger Ross Rebuilding the cities destroyed in World War II : growing possibilities for comparative analysis Jeffry Diefendorf Urban governance and prostitution in eighteenth century port cities in France and England Marion Pluskota Comparing urban reform in London and Brussels Janet Polasky Town planning and municipal growth in late colonial Bombay : towards a transnational perspective Nikhil Rao Whose urban internationale : intermunicipalism in Europe c.1924 36 : the value of a decentred interpretive approach to transnational urban history Stefan Couperus Shane Ewen The (trans)national question : Nazi spatial and urban planning Janet Ward Reflections Cities of fear : the globalization of insecurity in the age of the gated community Harold Platt Reflections : putting the trans into transnational urban history Richard Rodger Bibliography