Foundations of Statistical Inference : Proceedings of the Shoresh Conference 2000 I. Identification with Incomplete Observations Data Mining Bounding Entries in Multi way Contingency Tables Given aSet of Marginal Totals Identification and Estimation with Incomplete Data Computational Information Retrieval Studying Treatment Response to Inform Treatment Choice II. Bayesian Methods and Modelling Some Interactive Decision Problems Emerging in Statistical Games Probabilistic Modelling: An Historical andPhilosophical Digression A Bayesian View on Sampling the 2 x 2 Table Bayesian Designs for Binomial Experiments On the Second Order Minimax Improvement of the Sample Mean in the Estimation of a Mean Value of the Exponential Dispersion Family Bayesian Analysis of Cell Migration ¡ªLinking Experimental Data and Theoretical Models III. Testing Goodness of Fit and Randomness Sequential Bayes Detection of Trend Changes Box¡ªCox Transformation for Semiparametric Comparison of Two Samples Minimax Nonparametric Goodness of Fit Testing Testing Randomness on the Basis of theNumber of Different Patterns The 7r* Index as a New Alternative for Assessing Goodness of Fit of Logistic Regression IV. Statistics of Stationary Processes Consistent Estimation of Early and Frequent Change Points Asymptotic Behaviour of Estimators of the Parameters of Nearly Unstable INAR(1) Models Guessing the Output of a Stationary Binary Time Series Asymptotic Expansions for Long MemoryStationary Gaussian Processes Contributors. This volume is a compressed survey containing recent results on statistics of stochastic processes and on identification with incomplete observations. It comprises a collection of papers presented at the Shoresh Conference 2000 on the Foundation of Statistical Inference. The papers cover the following areas with high research activity: Identification with Incomplete Observations Data Mining Bayesian Methods and Modelling Testing Goodness of Fit and Randomness Statistics of Stationary Processes.