Echinodermata Members of the phylum Echinodermata are among the most familiar marine invertebrates. Forms such as the sea star have become virtually a symbol of sea life. Used in ancient oriental medicine as a source of bioactive compounds sea cucumbers sea stars and sea urchins are now used for the extraction and purification of cytotoxic haemolytic antiviral antifungal antifouling antimicrobial and even anti tumoural activities. In addition of the five extant classes sea urchins and sea cucumbers are important economic resources for current fishery and aquaculture. Molecular and cell biological techniques described in this book are on the one hand indicative of the improvements made over the years and on the other stress the need of their further exploitation for the sustainable production of bioactive compounds and their application in biomedicine. TOC:Are Echinoderms of Interest to Biotechnology Cell Adhesion and Communication: a Lesson From Echinoderm Embryos for the Exploitation of New Therapeutic Tools. Cell Signalling During Sea Urchin Development. A Model for Assessing Toxicity of Environmental Contaminants. Echinoderm Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Production Measured by Peroxidase Luminol Enhanced Chemiluminescence (PLCL) as an Immunotoxicological Tool. Monitoring Chemical and Physical Stress Using Sea Urchin Immune Cells. DNA Damage and Developmental Defects After Exposure to UV and Heavy Metals in Sea Urchin Cells and Embryos Compared to Other Invertebrates. Echinoderms: their Culture and Bioactive Compounds. Regenerative Response and Endocrine Disrupters in Crinoid Echinoderms: an Old Experimental Model a New Ecotoxicological Test. Echinoderm Adhesive Secretions: from Experimental Characterization to Biotechnological Applications. Mutable Collagenous Tissue: Overview and Perspectives. Bioresources from Echinoderms in Japan