The romantic idea of the Golden Age in Friedrich Schlegels Philosophy of history Part I. The golden age and primitivism The savages Prometheus and Orpheus Atlantis Part II. The blossoming and decline of culture The age of blossoming in Athens Alexandria Part III. The problem of a national golden age The Roman model: golden age as a modern disease From classicism to romanticism Part IV. Kingdom of God German tradition of chiliasm From eschatology to kairology The gospel of nature Medievalism as the externalisation of the golden age Conclusion