Development of a reliable and environmentally friendly synthesis for flourescence carbon nanodots : preparation and characterisation of excellent and well defined carbon nanodots by a fast simple and cost efficient synthesis method : with special focus on future exploration and large scale applications Carbon nanodots (CNDs) have generated considerable attention due to their promising properties e.g. high water solubility chemical inertness resistance to photobleaching high biocompatibility and ease of functionalization. These properties render them ideal for a wide range of functions e.g. electrochemical applications waste water treatment (photo)catalysis bio imaging and bio technology as well as chemical sensing and optoelectronic devices like LEDs. In particular the ability to prepare CNDs from a wide range of accessible organic materials makes them a potential alternative for conventional organic dyes and semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) in various applications. However current synthesis methods are typically expensive and depend on complex and time consuming processes or severe synthesis conditions and toxic chemicals. One way to reduce overall preparation costs is the use of biological waste as starting material. Hence natural carbon sources such as pomelo peal egg white and egg yolk orange juice and even eggshells to name a few; have been used for the preparation of CNDs. While the use of waste is desirable especially to avoid competition with essential food production most starting materials lack the essential purity and structural homogeneity to obtain homogeneous carbon dots. Furthermore most synthesis approaches reported to date require extensive purification steps and have resulted in carbon dots with heterogeneous photoluminescent properties and indefinite composition. ...