Model Based Parameter Estimation : Theory and Applications Parameter Estimation and Optimum Experimental Design for Differential Equation Models: H.G. Bock St. Körkel J.P. Schlöder Adaptive Finite Element Methods for Parameter Identification Problems: B. Vexler Gauss Newton Methods for Robust Parameter Estimation: T. Binder E. Kostina An Optimal Scanning Sensor Activation Policy for Parameter Estimation of Distributed Systems: D. Ucínski Interaction between Experiment Modeling and Simulation of Spatial Aspects in the JAK2 STAT5 Signaling Pathway: E. Friedmann A. C. Pfeifer R. Neumann U. Klingmüller R. Rannacher The Importance and Challenges of Bayesian Parameter Learning in Systems Biology: J. Mazur L. Kaderali Experiment Setups and Parameter Estimation in Fluorescence Recovery After Photobleaching Experiments: A Review of Current Practice: J. Beaudouin M. S. Mommer H. G. Bock R. Eils Drug Resistance in Infectious Diseases: Modeling Parameter Estimation and Numerical Simulation: Le Thi Thanh An W. Jäger Mathematical Models of Hematopoietic Reconstitution after Stem Cell Transplantation: A. Marciniak Czochra Th. Stiehl Combustion Chemistry and Parameter Estimation: M. Fischer U. Riedel Numerical Simulation of Catalytic Reactors by Molecular Based Models: O. Deutschmann St. Tischer Model Based Design of Experiments for Estimating Heat Transport Parameters in Tubular Reactors: A.Badinski D. Corbett Parameter Estimation for a Reconstructed SOFC Mixed Conducting LSCF Cathode: Th. Carraro J. Joos An Application of Robust Parameter Estimation in Environmental Physics: G. Herzog F. R. Vogel Parameter Estimation in Image Processing and Computer Vision: Ch. S. Garbe B. Ommer. This judicious selection of articles combines mathematical and numerical methods to apply parameter estimation and optimum experimental design in a range of contexts. These include fields as diverse as biology medicine chemistry environmental physics image processing and computer vision. The material chosen was presented at a multidisciplinary workshop on parameter estimation held in 2009 in Heidelberg. The contributions show how indispensable efficient methods of applied mathematics and computer based modeling can be to enhancing the quality of interdisciplinary research. The use of scientific computing to model simulate and optimize complex processes has become a standard methodology in many scientific fields as well as in industry. Demonstrating that the use of state of the art optimization techniques in a number of research areas has much potential for improvement this book provides advanced numerical methods and the very latest results for the applications under consideration.