Control of Complex Nonlinear Systems with Delay This research addresses delay effects in nonlinear systems which are ubiquitous in various fields of physics chemistry biology engineering and even in social and economic systems. They may arise as a result of processing times or due to the finite propagation speed of information between the constituents of a complex system. Time delay has two complementary counterintuitive and almost contradictory facets. On the one hand delay is able to induce instabilities bifurcations of periodic and more complicated orbits multi stability and chaotic motion. On the other hand it can suppress instabilities stabilize unstable stationary or periodic states and may control complex chaotic dynamics. This thesis deals with both aspects and presents novel fundamental results on the controllability of nonlinear dynamics by time delayed feedback as well as applications to lasers hybrid mechanical systems and coupled neural systems.