Understanding terrorism innovation and learning : al Qaeda and beyond Introduction Magnus Ranstorp and Magnus Normark The theoretical underpinnings of terrorist innovation decisions Gary Ackerman Innovation and the improvised explosive device John Allison The dynamics of terrorist innovation Adam Dolnik Attacking the West : the influence of al Qaedas ideology and propaganda Søren Hove Jihadist innovation and learning by adapting to the new and social media Zeitgeist Nico Prucha Learning terror : the evolving threat of overseas training to the West Paul Cruickshank Innovation in terrorists counter surveillance : the case of al qaeda and its affiliates Joshua Sinai Case studies Innovation and learning in the British jihad Rafaello Pantucci Terrorists lack imagination when choosing targets in Denmark Morten Skjoldager Please inform Europe : al Qaedas Europlot of 2009 10 in the light of new documents and testimonies Yassin Musharbash and Guido Steinberg Changing patterns in terror plots directed against Germany emanating from militant Uzbek networks in Waziristan Yassin Musharbash and Guido Steinberg Conclusions magnus ranstorp and magnus normark