Thyristor based FACTS controllers for electrical transmission systems Electrical Transmission Networks Conventional Control Mechanisms Automatic Generation Control (AGC) Excitation Control Transformer Tap Changer Control Phase Shifting Transformers Flexible ac Transmission Systems (FACTS) Advances in Power Electronics Switching Devices Principles and Applications of Semiconductor Switches Emerging Transmission Networks Reactive Power Control in Electrical Power Transmission Systems Reactive Power Uncompensated Transmission Lines A Simple Case Lossless Distributed Parameter Lines Passive Compensation Shunt Compensation Series Compensation Effect on Power Transfer Capacity Principles of Conventional Reactive Power Compensators Synchronous Condensers Configuration Applications The Saturated Reactor (SR) Configuration Operating Characteristics The Thyristor Controlled Reactor (TCR) The Single Phase TCR The 3 Phase TCR The Thyristor Switched Reactor (TSR) The Segmented TCR The 12 Pulse TCR Operating Characteristics of a TCR The Thyristor Controlled Transformer (TCT) The Fixed Capacitor Thyristor Controlled Reactor (FC TCR) Configuration Operating Characteristic The Mechanically Switched Capacitor Thyristor Controlled Reactor (MSC TCR) The Thyristor Switched Capacitor (TSC) Switching a Capacitor to a Voltage Source Switching a Series Connection of a Capacitor and Reactor Turning Off of the TSC Valve The TSC Configuration Operating Characteristic