Africa and the Indian Ocean world from early times to circa 1900 Introduction Africa in the making of an IOW global economy Indian Ocean Africa in the first great upswing in the Indian Ocean World global economy 300 BCE to 300 CE Economic instability ca. 300 to 900 CE The second great boom in the IOW global economy ca. 850 to 1250 and its impact in northern IOA Southern IOA and the second upsurge in the IOW global economy Uncertainties and European intrusion: the IOW global economy 1300 to 1830 The European impact in Indian Ocean Africa 1500 to 1830 The international economy and Indian Ocean Africa Indigenous modernisation in Indian Ocean Africa: Egypt Imerina and Ethiopia The scramble for Indian Ocean Africa Africa and slavery in the Indian Ocean World