Diversity in the knowledge economy and society : heterogeneity innovation and entrepreneurship The key message of this book is that heterogeneity should be seen as an intrinsic and indispensable element of knowledge systems. The authors address the concept of heterogeneity in a multi disciplinary fashion including perspectives from evolutionary economics and innovation system studies and relate this approach to existing theories in a broad range of fields 1. Introduction Elias G. Carayannis Aris Kaloudis and Åge Mariussen 2. Technological evolution innovation and human agency Helge Godø 3. Heterogeneity in economic thought : foundations and modern methods Mark Knell 4. Heterogeneity rationality and institutions Tore Sandven 5. Conceptual framework for an analysis of diversity and heterogeneity in the knowledge economy and society Elias G. Carayannis 6. Towards a communicative theory of diverse innovation systems Finn Orstavik 7. Entrepreneurship and heterogeneity Olav R. Spilling 8. Heterogeneity interpreted and identified as changes in the populations of firms Svein Olav Nås and Tore Sandven 9. IPRs and Norwegian enterprises : diversification of innovative efforts in Norwegian firms Eric J. Iversen 10. Heterogeneity and knowledge intensive business services in the city Heidi Wiig Aslesen 11. Specialization and heterogeneity in small national economies : the Nordic countries Åge Mariussen 12. Heterogeneity as sectoral specialization : the case of EU15 Aris Kaloudis 13. Heterogeneity and international R&D collaboration Elias G. Carayannis 14. Conclusion Elias G. Carayannis Aris Kaloudis and Åge Mariussen