Ionic polymer metal composites : evolution applications and future direction This book focuses on electro active polymer material known as Ionic Polymer Metal Composite (IPMC) having unique applicability as sensor and actuator which finds extensive use in various domain of engineering and science research. Apart from fundamentals of the IPMC concept various applications are covered extensively across the chapters including space underwater and nanoscale including manufacturing processes. Dedicated chapters are included for robotics and biomedical applications and possible research gaps. Future research perspectives for IPMC are also discussed. Features: covers principle of Ionic Polymer Metal Composite (IPMC) manufacturing processes applications and future possibilities in a systematic manner highlights IPMC practical applicability in biomedical engineering domain explores Single walled carbon nanotubes (SWNT) based IPMC soft actuators discusses IPMC applications in underwater areas and includes IPMC application in robotics focusing on special compliant mechanism. This book aims at researchers graduate students and professionals in materials and mechanical engineering robotics mechatronics biomedical engineering and physics