Particle swarm optimization This is the first book devoted entirely to Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) which is a non specific algorithm similar to evolutionary algorithms such as taboo search and ant colonies.Since its original development in 1995 PSO has mainly been applied to continuous discrete heterogeneous strongly non linear numerical optimization and it is thus used almost everywhere in the world. Its convergence rate also makes it a preferred tool in dynamic optimization.Particle Swarm Optimization explains the basic principles of the subject particularly the concepts of particles information link memor