Embedded system design : embedded systems foundations of cyber physical systems and the Internet of Things A unique feature of this open access textbook is to provide a comprehensive introduction to the fundamental knowledge in embedded systems with applications in cyber physical systems and the Internet of things. It starts with an introduction to the field and a survey of specification models and languages for embedded and cyber physical systems. It provides a brief overview of hardware devices used for such systems and presents the essentials of system software for embedded systems including real time operating systems. The author also discusses evaluation and validation techniques for embedded systems and provides an overview of techniques for mapping applications to execution platforms including multi core platforms. Embedded systems have to operate under tight constraints and hence the book also contains a selected set of optimization techniques including software optimization techniques. The book closes with a brief survey on testing. This fourth edition has been updated and revised to reflect new trends and technologies such as the importance of cyber physical systems (CPS) and the Internet of things (IoT) the evolution of single core processors to multi core processors and the increased importance of energy efficiency and thermal issues. Provides a semester length textbook with comprehensive coverage of the fundamental knowledge in embedded and cyber physical systems; Links modeling and hardware in order to bridge the gap between hardware and software allowing readers to put these into perspective; Couples practical aspects of embedded system design with an introduction to more theoretical aspects; Includes extensive exercises for each chapter; Videos software and PowerPoint slides are separately available. Chapter 1. Introduction Chapter 2. Specifications and Modeling Chapter 3. Embedded System Hardware Chapter 4. System Software Chapter 5. Evaluation and Validation Chapter 6. Application Mapping Chapter 7. Optimization Chapter 8. Test.