The African American roots of modernism : from Reconstruction to the Harlem Renaissance Introduction: new forms and captive knights in the age of Jim Crow and mechanical reproduction Dueling banjos: African American dualism and strategies for Black representation at the turn of the century Remembering those noble sons of ham : poetry soldiers and citizens at the end of reconstruction The Black city: the early Jim Crow migration narrative and the new territory of race Somebody elses civilization: African American writers bohemia and the new poetry A familiar and warm relationship: race sexual freedom and U.S. literary modernism