Secure Networking — CQRE [Secure] ’ 99 : International Exhibition and Congress Düsseldorf Germany November 30 – December 2 1999 Proceedings This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the International Exhibition and Congress on Network Security CQRE99 held in Düsseldorf Germany in November December 1999. The 15 revised full papers presented together with two invited papers and five workshop papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 46 submissions. The papers are organized in sections on risk management security design electronic payment smartcards applications PKI experiences mobile security cryptography network security key recovery intrusion detection interoperability and biometrics