Handbook of industrial membranes Introduction to Membrane Separations. Introduction. Contamination particle size and separation. Membrane separation processes. Polarisation and fouling. Module designs. Membrane process equipment. Electrodialysis cell stacks and design. Laboratory equipment. Membrane Materials Preparation and Characterisation. Introduction. Characterisation of membranes. Electrodialysis and ion exchange membranes. Gas Separations. Air and Gas Filtration and Cleaning. Separation of Liquid Mixtures Pervaporation. Separation of Organic Vapour Air Mixtures. Microfiltration. Analytical Application of Membranes. Water Desalination. Water Purification. Introduction. Laboratory water purification. Industrial Waste Water and Effluent Treatment. Introduction. Pulp paper and textile industries. Absorption Desorption and Extraction with Membranes. Waste Water Treatment and Liquid Membranes. Biotechnology and Medical Applications. Medical Applications. Recovery of Salts Acids and Bases. Food Industry. Membranes for Electrochemical Cells. Electrokinetic Separations. Appendix. Indices This manual contains necessary and useful information and data in an easily accessible format relating to the use of membranes. Membranes are among the most important engineering components in use today and each year more and more effective uses for membrane technologies are found for example: water purification industrial effluent treatment solvent dehydration by per vaporation recovery of volatile organic compounds protein recovery bioseparations and many others. The pace of change in the membrane industry has been accelerating rapidly in recent years occasioned in part by the demand of end users but also as a result of the investment in R & D by manufacturers. To reflect these changes the author has obtained the latest information from some of the leading suppliers in the business. In one complete volume this unique handbook gives practical guidance to using selected membrane processes in individual industries while also providing a useful guide to equipment selection and usage