Inverse Problems and Imaging : Lectures given at the C.I.M.E. Summer School held in Martina Franca Italy September 15–21 2002 Nowadays we are facing numerous and important imaging problems: nondestructive testing of materials monitoring of industrial processes enhancement of oil production by efficient reservoir characterization emerging developments in noninvasive imaging techniques for medical purposes computerized tomography (CT) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) positron emission tomography (PET) X ray and ultrasound tomography etc. In the CIME Summer School on Imaging (Martina Franca Italy 2002) leading experts in mathematical techniques and applications presented broad and useful introductions for non experts and practitioners alike to many aspects of this exciting field. The volume contains part of the above lectures completed and updated by additional contributions on other related topics: a general presentation and introduction (Moscoso) X ray tomography (Natterer) Electromagnetic imaging (Dorn Bertete Aguirre Papanicolaou) coherent imaging in telecommunications in a multiple input multiple output setup (Dorn) polarization based optical imaging (Moscoso) topological derivatives used in shape reconstruction related to inverse scattering problems (Carpio Rapún) Point interactions (Dell’Antonio Figari Teta). to Image Reconstruction X ray Tomography Adjoint Fields and Sensitivities for 3D Electromagnetic Imaging in Isotropic and Anisotropic Media Polarization Based Optical Imaging Topological Derivatives for Shape Reconstruction Time Reversal and the Adjoint Imaging Method with an Application in Telecommunication A Brief Review on Point Interactions.