Industry university and government partnerships for the sustainable development of knowledge based society : drivers models and examples in US Norway Singapore and Qatar This book discusses the rapidly growing interest in economic diversification through partnerships between industry university and government (IUGP) with a focus on the economic diversification of the state of Qatar. It provides a comparative account of the knowledge ecosystem in the USA Norway Singapore and Qatar and offers an evolutionary national economic transformational perspective on legislation institutional and cultural settings intermediary structures and support programs. Providing a broad overview of the knowledge ecosystems in these countries it is suitable for readers at various learning levels. It also includes case studies and a concise comparison of the Global Innovation Index (GII) of the four countries and explores in detail the under par comparative performance of Qatar revealing that the country is still at the engagement level of IUGP. Further it proposes evidence based recommendations and strategies making it a valuable resource for researchers graduate students and policymakers