Gendered Violence : Jewish Women in the Pogroms of 1917 to 1921 Frontmatter Table of Contents Acknowledgments Introduction CHAPTER 1 Chaos in Ukraine: Defining the Context of Anti Jewish Violence CHAPTER 2 Carnival of Violence: Development of the Pogrom Script CHAPTER 3 The Perfect Weapon: Mass Rape as Public Spectacle CHAPTER 4 Inventing Vengeance: Who and Why Punished the Jews CHAPTER 5 Describing the Indescribable: Narratives of Gendered Violence CHAPTER 6 Wretched Victims of Another Kind : Making Sense of Rape Trauma CONCLUSION BIBLIOGRAPHY Index This is a groundbreaking study of an important and neglected topic. Between 1917 and 1921 rape was used as a strategic weapon in the genocidal anti Jewish violence the pogroms that erupted in Ukraine. During this period at least 100 000 Jews died and unknown numbers of Jewish women were raped. The book is based on the in depth study of the scores of survivor narratives that have been all but forgotten for almost a century. It analyzes how the victimized Jewish communities experienced trauma how they expressed it the motives of the perpetrators and the part played by rape in furthering the pogroms objectives