Systems of change : a study on the nature of ICT and AI and their impact on industrial trajectories The dissertation emphasises the role of technological side of ICTs in establishing industrial links both within and beyond ICT cluster or system. The overarching aim of the dissertation is to bring technological and systemic aspects into economic mechanisms driving the process of digitalisation in different industries. The dissertation consists of four chapters and has a funnel like structure; it starts with the study on macro productivity dynamics indicated with intersectoral labor mobility moving away from industries with depleted techno economic opportunities. The dissertation continues with the research on two technology systems ICT and AI as sources of new technological opportunities and economic activities setting in motion the dynamics described before. It is important to estimate the magnitude and structure of the ICTs grip over the countries economies and rationalise AIs nature to construct better predictions with regard to their impact on established technological trajectories productivity employment and long term growth. Thus the concluding study is an example of envisaging potential futures for the semiconductor industry whose technological trajectory is disrupted by the emergence of AI. The employed methods include analytical modeling text analysis decomposition exercise productivity analysis network analysis and metrics of economic complexity such as relatedness. The author worked with various sources of secondary data such as PATSTAT REGPAT COR&DIP STAN OECD as well as with primary data collected through webscraping and text mining.