Quantum Entanglement of Complex Structures of Photons This thesis casts new light on quantum entanglement of photons with complex spatial patterns due to direct coincidence imaging. It demonstrates novel methods to generate investigate and verify entanglement of complex spatial structures. Quantum theory is one of the most successful and astonishing physical theories. It made possible various technical devices like lasers or mobile phones and at the same time it completely changed our understanding of the world. Interestingly such counterintuitive features like entanglement are an important building block for future quantum technologies. In photonic experiments the transverse spatial degree of freedom offers great potential to explore fascinating phenomena of single photons and quantum entanglement. It was possible to verify the entanglement of two photons with very high quanta of orbital angular momentum a property of photons connected to their spatial structure and theoretically unbounded. In addition modern imaging technology was used to visualize the effect of entanglement even in real time and to show a surprising property: photons with complex spatial patterns can be both entangled and not entangled in polarization depending on their transverse spatial position. . Introduction Theoretical Background Entanglement of High Angular Momenta Coincidence Imaging of Spatial Mode Entanglement Entanglement of Complex Photon Polarization Patterns in Vector Beams Conclusion and Outlook.