Xylem : methods and protocols This second edition provides detailed techniques used for the study and characterization of the plant vascular system with a central focus on the xylem tissue. Chapters are organized in three main sections covering; analysis of xylem development xylem characterization though imaging techniques and analysis of the xylem composition. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format chapters include introductions to their respective topics lists of the necessary materials and reagents step by step readily reproducible laboratory protocols and key tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and cutting edge Xylem: Methods and Protocols Second Edition aims to be a useful and practical guide to new researchers and experts looking to expand their knowledge. . Monitoring Xylem Transport in Arabidopsis thaliana Seedlings Using Fluorescent Dyes Modeling and analyzing xylem vulnerability to embolism as an epidemic process Modeling Xylem Functionality Aspects Detecting and quantifying xylem embolism by synchrotron based x ray micro CT Analysis of xylem cells by nucleus based transcriptomics and chromatin profiling Quantification of xylem specific thermospermine dependent translation of SACL transcripts with dual luciferase reporter system Fossil wood analyses: several examples from five case studies in the area of Central and NW Bohemia Czech Republic Isolation and reproductive structures induction of fungal pathogens associated with xylem and wood necrosis in grapevine Determination of de novo suberin lignin ferulate deposition in xylem tissue upon vascular pathogen attack Quantification of treacheary elements types in mature hypocotyl of Arabidopsis thaliana Histochemical Detection of Peroxidase and Laccase Activities in Populus Secondary Xylem Lignin analysis by HPLC and FTIR: spectra deconvolution and S G ratio determination Inducible pluripotent suspension cell cultures (iPSCs) to study plant cell differentiation Bulk and in situ quantification of coniferaldehyde residues in lignin Clearing of vascular tissue in Arabidopsis thaliana for reporter analysis of gene expression.