Modernism in late Mao China : architecture for foreign affairs in Beijing Guangzhou and overseas 1969 1976 Rethinking Modernism: Form Knowledge and Politics Political Ideology and Architectural Discourse in Maos China Chinese Modernism in the 1950s and the 1960s Diplomatic Buildings in the 1970s Beijing Foreign Trade Buildings in the 1970s Guangzhou Chinas Foreign Aid Architecture 1964 1976. This book investigates the architectural history of China in the Mao era (1949 1976) focusing on the rise of modernism in the last seven years of the Cultural Revolution from 1969 to 1976. It highlights the new architecture of this period exemplified by three clusters of buildings for foreign affairs namely buildings for foreign diplomacy in Beijing buildings for foreign trade in Guangzhou and Chinas foreign aid projects overseas. The emergence of new architecture in the early 1970s is closely associated with Chinas political and diplomatic shift of the time from a radical emphasis on ideological struggle to a dynamic balance between leftist ideology and pragmatic concerns. In this context Chinas relations with the West quickly improved culminating at American president Richard Nixons visit to China in 1972. The increasing foreign affairs brought new opportunities to Chinese architects who referenced both Western modernism and Chinese architectural traditions to create a new version of Chinese modernism. The book brings dimensions of form politics and knowledge to the analysis of architecture to construct an understanding of architectural design as an aesthetic political and intellectual practice. It will be an enriching and useful reference for students and scholars who are interested in global architectural history of the twentieth century especially Cold War modernism