Genetic algorithms in electromagnetics Cover TOC36;Contents Preface Acknowledgments CH36;146; Introduction to Optimization in Electromagnetics 146;1 Optimizing a Function of One Variable 146;146;1 Exhaustive Search 146;146;2 Random Search 146;146;3 Golden Search 146;146;4 Newton8217;s Method 146;146;5 Quadratic Interpolation 146;2 Optimizing a Function of Multiple Variables 146;246;1 Random Search 146;246;2 Line Search 146;246;3 Nelder8211;Mead Downhill Simplex Algorithm 146;3 Comparing Local Numerical Optimization Algorithms 146;4 Simulated Annealing 146;5 Genetic Algorithm CH36;246; Anatomy of a Genetic Algorithm 246;1 Creating an Initial Population 246;2 Evaluating Fitness 246;3 Natural Selection 246;4 Mate Selection 246;446;1 Roulette Wheel Selection 246;446;2 Tournament Selection 246;5 Generating Offspring 246;6 Mutation 246;7 Terminating the Run CH36;346; Step45;by45;Step Examples 346;1 Placing Nulls 346;2 Thinned Arrays CH36;446; Optimizing Antenna Arrays 446;1 Optimizing Array Amplitude Tapers 446;2 Optimizing Array Phase Tapers 446;246;1 Optimum Quantized Low45;Sidelobe Phase Tapers 446;246;2 Phase45;Only Array Synthesis Using Adaptive GAs 446;3 Optimizing Arrays with Complex Weighting 446;346;1 Shaped45;Beam Synthesis 446;346;2 Creating a Plane Wave in the Near Field 446;4 Optimizing Array Element Spacing 446;446;1 Thinned Arrays 446;446;2 Interleaved Thinned Linear Arrays 446;446;3 Array Element Perturbation 446;446;4 Aperiodic Fractile Arrays 446;446;5 Fractal8211;Random and Polyfractal Arrays 446;446;6 Aperiodic Reflectarrays 446;5 Optimizing Conformal Arrays 446;6 Optimizing Reconfigurable Apertures 446;646;1 Planar Reconfigurable Cylindrical Wire Antenna Design 446;646;2 Planar Reconfigurable Ribbon Antenna Design 446;646;3 Design of Volumetric Reconfigurable Antennas 446;646;4 Simulation Results8212;Planar Reconfigurable Cylindrical Wire Antenna 446;646;5 Simulation Results8212;Volumetric Reconfigurable Cylindrical Wire Antenna 446;646;6 Simulation Results8212;Planar Reconfigurable Ribbon Antenna CH36;546; Smart Antennas Using a GA 546;1 Amplitude and Phase Adaptive Nulling 546;2 Phase45;Only Adaptive Nulling 546;3 Adaptive Reflector 546;4 Adaptive Crossed Dipoles CH36;646; Genetic Algorithm Optimization of Wire Antennas 646;1 Introduction 646;2 GA Design of Electrically Loaded Wire Antennas 646;3 GA Design of Three45;Dimensional Crooked45;Wire Antennas 646;4 GA Design of Planar Crooked45;Wire and Meander45;Line Antennas 646;5 GA Design of Yagi8211;Uda Antennas CH36;746; Optimization of Aperture Antennas 746;1 Reflector Antennas 746;2 Horn Antennas 746;3 Microstrip Antennas CH36;846; Optimization of Scattering 846;1 Scattering from an Array of Strips 846;2 Scattering from Frequency45;Selective Surfaces 846;246;1 Optimization of FSS Filters 846;246;2 Optimization of Reconfigurable FSSs 846;246;3 Optimization of EBGs 846;3 Scattering from Absorbers 846;346;1 Conical or Wedge Absorber Optimization 846;346;2 Multilayer Dielectri