Vortices and Nanostructured Superconductors This book provides expert coverage of modern and novel aspects of the study of vortex matter dynamics and pinning in nanostructured and multi component superconductors. Vortex matter in superconducting materials is a field of enormous beauty and intellectual challenge which began with the theoretical prediction of vortices by A. Abrikosov (Nobel Laureate). Vortices vortex dynamics and pinning are key features in many of today’s human endeavors: from the huge superconducting accelerating magnets and detectors at the Large Hadron Collider at CERN which opened new windows of knowledge on the universe to the tiny superconducting transceivers using Rapid Single Flux Quanta which have opened a revolutionary means of communication. In recent years two new features have added to the intrinsic beauty and complexity of the subject: nanostructured nanoengineered superconductors and the discovery of a range of new materials showing multi component (multi gap) superconductivity. In this book leading researchers survey the most exciting and important recent developments in the field. Topics covered include: the use of scanning Hall probe microscopy to visualize interactions of a single vortex with pinning centers; Magneto Optical Imaging for investigating what vortex avalanches are why they appear and how they can be controlled; and the vortex interactions responsible for the second magnetization peak. Other chapters discuss nanoengineered pinning centers of vortices for improved current carrying capabilities current anisotropy in cryomagnetic devices in relation to the pinning landscape and the new physics associated with the discovery of new superconducting materials with multi component superconductivity. The book offers something for almost everybody interested in the field: from experimental techniques to visualize vortices and study their dynamics to a state of the art theoretical microscopic approach to multicomponent superconductivity. Focuses on some of the hottest topics in superconductivity research Covers theory experiment and applications Features chapters from world renowned experts who have made major advances in the field Suitable for advanced undergraduate and graduate students through experienced academic and industry researchers. Preface 1 Vortex Deformation Close to a Pinning Center 2 Pinning Engineered YBa2Cu3Ox Thin Films 3 Chemically and Mechanically Engineered Flux Pinning for Enhanced Electromagnetic Properties of MgB2 4 Critical current anisotropy in relation to the pinning landscape 5 Vortex avalanches in superconductors visualized by Magneto Optical Imaging 6 Behavior of the second magnetization peak in self nanostructured La2 xSrxCuO4 single crystals 7 Emergence of an interband phase difference and its consequences in multiband superconductors 8 Fluctuation modes in multi gap superconductors.