A Students Guide Through the Great Physics Texts : Volume IV: Heat Atoms and Quanta This book provides a chronological introduction to modern atomic theory which represented an attempt to reconcile the ancient doctrine of atomism with careful experiments—performed during the 19th century—on the flow of heat through substances and across empty space. Included herein are selections from classic texts such as Carnot’s Reflection on the Motive Power of Fire Clausius’ Mechanical Theory of Heat Rutherford’s Nuclear Constitution of Atoms Planck’s Atomic Theory of Matter and Heisenberg’s Copenhagen Interpretation of Quantum Theory. Each chapter begins with a short introduction followed by a reading selection. Carefully crafted study questions draw out key points in the text and focus the reader’s attention on the author’s methods analysis and conclusions. Numerical and laboratory exercises at the end of each chapter test the reader’s ability to understand and apply key concepts from the text. Heat Radiation and Quanta is the last of four volumes in A Student’s Guide through the Great Physics Texts. The book comes from a four semester undergraduate physics curriculum designed to encourage a critical and circumspect approach to natural science while at the same time preparing students for advanced coursework in physics. This book is particularly suitable as a college level textbook for students of the natural sciences history or philosophy. It might also serve as a textbook for advanced high school or home schooled students or as a thematically organized source book for scholars and motivated lay readers. In studying the classic scientific texts included herein the reader will be drawn toward a lifetime of contemplation. A New Science of Heat Heat Symmetry and Mathematics Steam Engines and Heat Flow Carnots Cycle Engines are Thermometers Temperature Pressure and Reversibility The Language of Science Energy and Entropy Conduction of Heat On Radiation Atomism and Kinetic Theory Atomism and Kinetic Theory 2 Dynamical and Statistical Laws The Discovery of the Electron The Mass and Velocity of a particles Identifying the a Particle Targeting the Nucleus Nuclear Structure The Discovery of the Neutron The Nature of the Neutron Corpuscles of Light X Ray Optics 1 X Ray Optics 2 Electron diffraction 1 Electron diffraction 2 The Bohr model of the atom Atomic spectra The periodic table The Birth of the Quantum Matter Waves Quantum Orthodoxy Causality and Chance in Quantum Theory Indeterminacy Bohms critique of Copenhagen.