Digital twin technologies and smart cities This book provides a holistic perspective on Digital Twin (DT) technologies and presents cutting edge research in the field. It assesses the opportunities that DT can offer for smart cities and covers the requirements for ensuring secure safe and sustainable smart cities. Further the book demonstrates that DT and its benefits with regard to: data visualisation real time data analytics and learning leading to improved confidence in decision making; reasoning monitoring and warning to support accurate diagnostics and prognostics; acting using edge control and what if analysis; and connection with back end business applications hold significant potential for applications in smart cities by employing a wide range of sensory and data acquisition systems in various parts of the urban infrastructure. The contributing authors reveal how and why DT technologies that are used for monitoring visualising diagnosing and predicting in real time are vital to cities’ sustainability and efficiency. The concepts outlined in the book represents a city together with all of its infrastructure elements which communicate with each other in a complex manner. Moreover securing Internet of Things (IoT) which is one of the key enablers of DT’s is discussed in details and from various perspectives. The book offers an outstanding reference guide for practitioners and researchers in manufacturing operations research and communications who are considering digitising some of their assets and related services. It is also a valuable asset for graduate students and academics who are looking to identify research gaps and develop their own proposals for further research