Bodily Integrity and the Politics of Circumcision : Culture Controversy and Change Every year 13.3 millions boys and 2 million girls are subjected to circumcision the involuntary removal of part or all of their external sex organs.Bodily Integrity and the Politics of Circumcision illuminates the vulnerability of human society to medical economic and historical pressures. It provides a much needed thoughtful and detailed analysis of the devastating impact of circumcision on bodily integrity and human rights and it provides hope for change. How is it that at the beginning of the twenty first century it is still possible for males and females to be denied their inherent right to keep all the body parts with which they were born Circumcision is a cultural phenomenon that affects 15.3 million children and young adults annually. In terms of gender 13.3 millions boys and 2 million girls are subjected to the involuntary removal of part or all of their external sex organs every year. Few people however ask why such practices persist or how modern societies can tolerate this inherent violation of human rights. The problem of female circumcision is being addressed on an international level while male circumcision remains a subject many academics are reluctant to fully or impartially examine. This book explores the problem of male and female circumcision in modern society from religious anthropological psychological medical legal and ethical perspectives. Bodily Integrity and the Politics of Circumcision: Culture Controversy and Change illuminates the vulnerability of human society to medical economic and historical pressures. It provides a much needed thoughtful and detailed analysis of the devastating impact of circumcision on bodily integrity and human rights and it provides hope for change.