International political theory and the refugee problem The refugee problem is a term that it has become almost impossible to escape. Although used by a wide range of actors involved in work related to forced migration these actors do not often explain what exactly the problem is that they are working to solve leading to an unfortunate conflation of two quite different problems: the problems that refugees face and the problems that refugees pose. Beginning from the simple yet too often overlooked observation that how one conceives of solving a problem is inseparable from what one understands that problem to be Saunders study explores the questions raised about how to address the refugee problem if we recognise that there may not be just one problem and that not all actors involved with the refugee regime conceive of their work as addressing the same problem. Utilising the work of Michel Foucault the book first charts how different problems lend themselves to particular kinds of solutions arguing that the international refugee regime is best understood as developed to solve the refugee (as) problem rather than refugees problems. Turning to the work of Hannah Arendt the book then reframes the refugee problem from the perspective of the refugee rather than the state and investigates the extent to which doing so can open up creative space for rethinking the more traditional solutions to the refugee (as) problem. Cases of refugee protest in Europe and the burgeoning Sanctuary Movement in the UK are examined as two sub state and popular movements which could constitute such creative solutions to a reframed problem Introduction : out of profound concern : for whom On refugee problems : the development of a problem and a regime Michel Foucault governmentality and the state : the emergence of the refugee (as) problem Power knowledge and the subject: managing the refugee (as) problem Hannah Arendt and the refugee problem : worldlessness and superfluity Making oneself at home in the world : solutions to refugees problems Conclusion : on durability and permanence