Agile Processes in Software Engineering and Extreme Programming : 20th International Conference XP 2019 Montréal QC Canada May 21–25 2019 Proceedings This open access book constitutes the proceedings of the 20th International Conference on Agile Software Development XP 2019 held in Montreal QC Canada in May 2019. XP is the premier agile software development conference combining research and practice. It is a hybrid forum where agile researchers academics practitioners thought leaders coaches and trainers get together to present and discuss their most recent innovations research results experiences concerns challenges and trends. Following this history for both researchers and seasoned practitioners XP 2019 provided an informal environment to network share and discover trends in Agile for the next 20 years The 15 full papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 45 submissions. They were organized in topical sections named: agile adoption agile practices; large scale agile; agility beyond IT and the future of agile Agile Adoption Agile Practices in Practice: Towards A Theory of Agile Adoption and Process Evolution Agile Methods Knowledge Representation for Systematic Practices Adoption Agile Practices Leadership Gap in Agile Teams: How Teams and Scrum Masters Mature BAM Backlog Assessment Method The Unfulfilled Potential of Data Driven Decision Making in Agile Software Development Empowering Agile Project Members with Accessibility Testing Tools Artifact Facilitated Communication in Agile User Centered Design Large Scale Agile The Product Owner in Large Scale Agile: An Empirical Study through the lens of Relational Coordination Theory Investigating the Collaboration Between Architects and Agile Teams in Large Scale Agile Development How are Agile Release Trains Formed in Practice A Case Study in a Large Financial Corporation Agility Beyond IT Corporate level Communities at Ericsson: Parallel Organizational Structure for Fostering Alignment for Autonomy Scaling Agile beyond Organizational Boundaries: Coordination Challenges in Software Ecosystems Enterprise agility: A Balancing Act. A local government case study The Future of Agile A taxonomy of software engineering challenges for machine learning sys tems: An empirical investigation Evolution of Scrum Transcending Business Domains and the Future of Agile Management