Operating systems for supercomputers and high performance computing Few works are as timely and critical to the advancement of high performance computing than is this new up to date treatise on leading edge directions of operating systems. It is a first hand product of many of the leaders in this rapidly evolving field and possibly the most comprehensive. This new and important book masterfully presents the major alternative concepts driving the future of operating system design for high performance computing. In particular it describes the major advances of monolithic operating systems such as Linux and Unix that dominate the TOP500 list. It also presents the state of the art in lightweight kernels that exhibit high efficiency and scalability at the loss of generality. Finally this work looks forward to possibly the most promising strategy of a hybrid structure combining full service functionality with lightweight kernel operation. With this it is likely that this new work will find its way on the shelves of almost everyone who is in any way engaged in the multi discipline of high performance computing. (From the foreword by Thomas Sterling) Part I Introduction 1 Introduction to HPC Operating Systems Part II Lightweight Kernels 2 Overview: The Birth of Lightweight Kernels 3 Sandia Line of LWKs 4 Hitachi HI UX MPP series 5 Blue Gene Line of LWKs Part III Unix Linux based Systems 6 Overview: The Rise of Linux 7 Cray Compute Node Linux 8 SCore 9 NEC Earth Simulator and the SX Aurora TSUBASA 10 ZeptoOS 11 K Computer 12 Argo Part IV Multi Kernels 13 A New Age: An Overview of Multi Kernels 14 FusedOS 15 Hobbes: A Multi Kernel Infrastructure for Application Composition 16 NIX 17 IHK McKernel 18 mOS for HPC 19 FFMK: An HPC OS based on the L4Re Microkernel 20 HermitCore.