Change:
I suppose there's a valid question about how prescriptive we want to be about CTR. On the one hand, the hard requirement is that (KID, CTR) pairs be unique, not that CTR be a counter, so you could allow senders flexibility in populating CTR as long as they enforce uniqueness. On the other hand, if CTR is required to be a counter, you can rely on that for things like gap and replay detection or reordering (as with the RTP sequence number).
It might be worth an issue. It seems to me we should probably spell out explicitly a good default implementation (incrementing counter) given it is simple and efficient.

Discussion:
4.1. <ins> An SFrame ciphertext comprises an SFrame header followed by the output of an AEAD encryption of the plaintext RFC5116, with the header provided as additional authenticated data (AAD). The SFrame header is a variable-length structure described in detail in sframe-header.  The structure of the encrypted data and authentication tag are determined by the AEAD algorithm in use. When SFrame is applied per-packet, the payload of each packet will be an SFrame ciphertext.  When SFrame is applied per-frame, the SFrame ciphertext representing an encrypted frame will span several packets, with the header appearing in the first packet and the authentication tag in the last packet. </ins> 4.2. <del> Since each endpoint can send multiple media layers, each frame will have a unique frame counter that will be used to derive the encryption IV.  The frame counter must be unique and monotonically increasing to avoid IV reuse. </del> <ins> The SFrame header specifies two values from which encryption parameters are derived: A Key ID (KID) that determines which encryption key should be used A counter (CTR) that is used to construct the IV for the encryption Applications MUST ensure that each (KID, CTR) combination is used for exactly one encryption operation.  Typically this is done by assigning each sender a KID or set of KIDs, then having each sender use the CTR field as a monotonic counter, incrementing for each plaintext that is encrypted.  Note that in addition to its simplicity, this scheme minimizes overhead by keeping CTR values as small as possible. </ins> <del> As each sender will use their own key for encryption, so the SFrame header will include the key id to allow the receiver to identify the key that needs to be used for decrypting. </del> <ins> Both the counter and the key id are encoded as integers in network (big-endian) byte order, in a variable length format to decrease the overhead.  The length of each field is up to 8 bytes and is represented in 3 bits in the SFrame header: 000 represents a length of 1, 001 a length of 2, etc. </ins> <del> Both the frame counter and the key id are encoded in a variable length format to decrease the overhead.  The length is up to 8 bytes and is represented in 3 bits in the SFrame header: 000 represents a length of 1, 001 a length of 2... The first byte in the SFrame header is fixed and contains the header metadata with the following format: </del> <ins> The first byte in the SFrame header has a fixed format and contains the header metadata: </ins> Reserved (R): 1 bit This field MUST be set to zero on sending, and MUST be ignored by receivers.  Counter Length (LEN): 3 bits This <del> field indicates the length of the CTR fields in bytes (1-8). Extended Key Id Flag (X): 1 bit Indicates if the key field contains the key id or the key length.  Key or Key Length: 3 bits This field contains the key id (KID) if the X flag is set to 0, or the key length (KLEN) if set to 1. If X flag is 0 then the KID is in the range of 0-7 and the frame counter (CTR) is found in the next LEN bytes: Frame counter byte length (LEN): 3bits The frame counter length in bytes (1-8).  Key id (KID): 3 bits The key id (0-7).  Frame counter (CTR): (Variable length) Frame counter value up to 8 bytes long. if X flag is 1 then KLEN is the length of the key (KID), that is found after the SFrame header metadata byte.  After the key id (KID), the frame counter (CTR) will be found in the next LEN bytes: Frame counter byte length (LEN): 3bits The frame counter length in bytes (1-8).  Key length (KLEN): 3 bits The key length in bytes (1-8).  Key id (KID): (Variable length) The key id value up to 8 bytes long.  Frame counter (CTR): (Variable length) Frame counter value up to 8 bytes long. </del> <ins> field indicates the length of the CTR field in bytes, minus one (the range of possible values is thus 1-8).  Extended Key Id Flag (X): 1 bit Indicates if the key field contains the key id or the key length. Key or Key Length: 3 bits This field contains the key id (KID) if the X flag is set to 0, or the key length (KLEN) if set to 1. If X flag is 0 then the KID is in the range of 0-7 and the counter (CTR) is found in the next LEN bytes: if X flag is 1 then KLEN is the length of the key (KID).  The KID is encoded in the KLEN bytes following the metadata byte, and the counter (CTR) is encoded in the next LEN bytes: </ins> 4.3.