jiayi-li23/proxann_data huggingface dataset:
Topic: International Affairs — Terrorism
Subject: Armed forces and national security
Date: 2015-11-17 00:00:00

Liberty Through Strength Act

This bill amends the USA FREEDOM Act of 2015 to postpone amendments to the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act of 1978 (FISA) that: (1) require the Federal Bureau of Investigation to use specific selection terms when applying for FISA court orders requiring the production of business records or other tangible things for an investigation to obtain foreign intelligence information not concerning a U.S. person or to protect against international terrorism or clandestine intelligence activities; (2) establish additional requirements for production on an ongoing basis of call detail records relating to an authorized investigation to protect against international terrorism; and (3) authorize the Department of Justice to require the emergency production of tangible things without first obtaining a court order. The bill postpones the effective date of these amendments, which are currently scheduled to take effect 180 days after the USA FREEDOM Act was enacted on June 2, 2015, to: (1) January 31, 2017; or (2) the date that the President certifies to Congress that such amendments will have no operational impacts on the intelligence community.

The bill also amends the USA PATRIOT Improvement and Reauthorization Act of 2005 and the Intelligence Reform and Terrorism Prevention Act of 2004 to make permanent expiring FISA authorities concerning: (1) roving electronic surveillance orders, and (2) a revised definition of "agent of a foreign power" that includes any non-U.S. persons who engage in international terrorism or preparatory activities (commonly referred to as the "lone wolf" provision).
Topic: International Affairs — Terrorism
Subject: Armed forces and national security
Date: 2015-12-02 00:00:00

Liberty Through Strength Act II

This bill requires the National Security Agency (NSA) to have access to business records, telephone call records, and other tangible things collected under the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act of 1978 (FISA) prior to November 29, 2015, in the same manner and for the same purposes for which the NSA had access to such records prior to such date (thereby allowing the NSA to access such records in the same manner as prior to the effective date of amendments made by the USA FREEDOM Act of 2015).

The NSA must maintain such records for five years after they are acquired.

The NSA's authority to access such business records under this Act shall be in effect for five years after enactment of this Act.

The bill amends the USA PATRIOT Improvement and Reauthorization Act of 2005, the Intelligence Reform and Terrorism Prevention Act of 2004, and the FISA Amendments Act of 2008 to make permanent expiring FISA provisions concerning: (1) roving electronic surveillance orders, (2) a revised definition of "agent of a foreign power" that includes any non-U.S. persons who engage in international terrorism or preparatory activities (commonly referred to as the "lone wolf" provision), and (3) authority for the Department of Justice and the Director of National Intelligence to authorize the targeting of non-U.S. persons located outside the United States to acquire foreign intelligence information.

The federal criminal code is amended to: (1) return procedures for the Federal Bureau of Investigation's (FBI's) access to toll and transactional records to how they operated prior to the USA FREEDOM Act in order to allow the FBI (without using a term that specifically identifies a person, entity, telephone, or account) to request the name, address, length of service, and local and long distance toll billing records of a person or entity if the FBI certifies to the wire or electronic communication service provider that such information is relevant to an authorized investigation to protect against international terrorism or clandestine intelligence activities; and (2) add electronic communications transactional records as information that the FBI may request under such certification procedures.
Topic: International Affairs — Terrorism
Subject: Crime and law enforcement
Date: 2015-12-08 00:00:00

Requiring Reporting of Online Terrorist Activity Act

This bill requires an electronic communication or remote computing service company that obtains actual knowledge of terrorist activity to report relevant facts and circumstances to appropriate authorities, including information related to unlawful distribution of explosives, destructive devices, and weapons of mass destruction. 

It directs the Department of Justice to determine the appropriate authorities. 

The bill does not require an electronic communication or a remote computing service company to monitor any user, subscriber, or customer, or the content of such person's communication.
Topic: International Affairs — Terrorism
Subject: Labor and employment
Date: 2015-12-08 00:00:00

Glen Anthony Doherty Overseas Security Personnel Fairness Act

This bill amends the Defense Base Act to require the death benefits of an individual employed at an overseas military base who dies as a result of a war-risk hazard or act of terrorism occurring on or after September 11, 2001, if there is no surviving spouse, child, or dependent grandchildren, brothers, or sisters of such individual eligible for death benefits under the Longshore and Harbor Workers' Compensation Act, to be paid: (1) to a beneficiary designated by the deceased; or (2) if there is no designated beneficiary, to the next of kin or the estate of the deceased.

The bill requires the payment of such benefits from the Employees' Compensation Fund.
Topic: International Affairs — Terrorism
Subject: Education
Date: 2015-12-17 00:00:00

Countering Online Recruitment of Violent Extremists Act of 2016

This bill amends the Homeland Security Act of 2002 to require that the criteria for the designation of colleges or universities as a center for homeland security include demonstrated expertise in countering violent extremism (CVE). "CVE" is defined as proactive and relevant actions to deter efforts by extremists to radicalize, recruit, and mobilize followers to violence by providing positive countervailing alternatives to violent extremist recruitment and radicalization.

(Sec. 4) The Department of Homeland Security (DHS) is authorized to: (1) establish one or more CVE labs where students will develop and test technology-based CVE solutions, and (2) reprioritize grants to centers for homeland security to fund each lab. A "technology-based CVE solution" is defined as an instrument developed by a participating student that:

 appeals to young consumers of online and social media; counters online recruitment of violent extremists or builds resilience against online violent extremist recruitment among participating students' peers; operates on a technological platform or is technological in nature, including social media campaigns and mobile software applications; and is supported by empirical evidence and incorporates metrics for future assessment. (Sec. 5) An institution of higher education at which a CVE lab is established shall ensure that the lab's faculty:

 creates a curriculum for participating students to develop and test CVE solutions, that shall include a CVE orientation program during which federal officials shall brief students on precautions to protect themselves from becoming a target of terrorists; supervises any deployment of a technology-based CVE solution by a student; develops a framework for participation and support of other programs that encourages peer-to-peer CVE solutions; develops a common inventory of research, in conjunction with other centers that establish CVE labs, on core CVE issues to inform CVE lab curricula; and identifies experts who can apply CVE solutions to target susceptible individuals. (Sec. 6) The bill requires the Government Accountability Office to report on, and DHS to commission an independent third-party assessment of, the impact of each lab.

(Sec. 8) The bill sunsets seven years after enactment.
Topic: International Affairs — Terrorism
Subject: Crime and law enforcement
Date: 2016-02-09 00:00:00

Combat Terrorist Use of Social Media Act of 2016

(Sec. 3) This bill requires the President to transmit to Congress a report, an evaluation, and a strategy on U.S. efforts to combat terrorists' and terrorist organizations' use of social media.

The report, to be submitted within 90 days after enactment of this bill, must include:

 an evaluation of the role social media plays in the radicalization of individuals to facilitate or commit international or domestic terrorism; an analysis of how terrorists and terrorist organizations are using social media; the federal government's efforts to monitor, review, disrupt, and counter the use of social media by terrorists and terrorist organizations; an assessment of the value to law enforcement and the intelligence community of reviewing terrorists' social media posts; an overview of local, state, and federal training available to combat terrorists' use of social media, the required qualifications of trainers, the intended participants of each program, and recommendations for improving or expanding existing training participation and incorporating training on civil rights and liberties; an assessment of the value to the federal government of collaborating with civil society to counter terrorist propaganda and radicalization; and an assessment of any impact the efforts of the federal government to combat terrorists' and terrorist organizations' use of social media may have upon the civil rights and liberties of U.S. persons who are not engaged in terrorist activities. The evaluation, to be submitted within 180 days after enactment of this bill, must:

 recommend improvements to the federal government's efforts to monitor, review, disrupt, and counter the use of social media by terrorists and terrorist organizations; analyze how the federal government is using social media to counter terrorist propaganda and radicalization, and how such tactics fit within the broader efforts of the federal government to combat domestic terrorism and international terrorism; and assess again any impact the efforts of the federal government to combat terrorists' and terrorist organizations' use of social media may have upon the civil rights and liberties of U.S. persons who are not engaged in terrorist activities. (Sec. 4) The President, within 180 days after enactment of this bill, must also transmit to Congress a comprehensive strategy to counter terrorists' and terrorist organizations' use of social media, as committed to in the President's 2011 Strategic Implementation Plan for Empowering Local Partners to Prevent Violent Extremism in the United States.
Topic: International Affairs — Terrorism
Subject: International affairs
Date: 2016-02-10 00:00:00

PLO Accountability Act

This bill expresses the sense of Congress concerning the participation of the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) and the Palestinian Authority (PA) in the peace process and adherence to diplomatic agreements with Israel, PA support for an International Criminal Court investigation of Israel, and the presence of a PLO office in Washington, DC.

The Anti-Terrorism Act of 1987 is amended to authorize the President to waive for up to six months the prohibition against establishment or maintenance of a PLO office, headquarters, premises, or other facilities within U.S. jurisdiction, if the President certifies to Congress that the Palestinians have entered into a final negotiated peace agreement with, and have ceased hostilities against, Israel or that: the Palestinians have not, on or after April 1, 2015, obtained state standing in the United Nations or any specialized agency thereof outside an agreement negotiated between Israel and the Palestinians; the Palestinians have officially ceased to be members of the ICC and have withdrawn from the Rome Statute; any ICC investigation against Israel initiated by, or on behalf of, the Palestinians has been withdrawn and terminated; the PLO and the PA no longer provide financial awards or salaries to Palestinians imprisoned in Israel for terrorist attacks, or to their families; and the PLO and the PA no longer engage in a pattern of incitement against the United States or Israel.
Topic: International Affairs — Terrorism
Subject: International affairs
Date: 2016-03-17 00:00:00

Iran Terrorism and Human Rights Sanctions Act of 2016

This bill prescribes requirements for mandatory sanctions with respect to:

 Iran's Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC) and entities it owns in whole or in part, Mahan Air, Iran's support of terrorism, Iran's human rights abuses, certain Iranian individuals, persons who conduct transactions with or on behalf of certain Iranian individuals, and financial institutions that engage in certain transactions on behalf of persons involved in human rights abuses or that export sensitive technology to Iran. The Department of the Treasury shall establish and publish in the Federal Register an IRGC watch list.

The bill prescribes prohibitions against Iran's direct and indirect access to the U.S. financial system.

The Iran Threat Reduction and Syria Human Rights Act of 2012 is amended to authorize a state or local government to divest its assets from, or prohibit investment in, any person that engages in investment or business activities with the IRGC or a person on the Treasury's list of designated nationals and blocked persons.

The bill specifies additional requirements for removal of a person's designation as a state sponsor of terrorism.

The Department of State may assist individuals and entities working in Iran for the purpose of supporting and promoting the rule of law, civil society, and economic opportunity.

The President shall: (1) designate within the State Department a Special Coordinator on Human Rights and Democracy in Iran; and (2) report to Congress on U.S. citizens, including dual citizens, detained by Iran or Iranian-supported groups.

Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty and Voice of America shall increase programming to Iran.
Topic: International Affairs — Terrorism
Subject: Crime and law enforcement
Date: 2016-04-12 00:00:00

Federal Law Enforcement Training Centers Reform and Improvement Act of 2016

(Sec. 2) This bill amends the Homeland Security Act of 2002 to codify the establishment of the Federal Law Enforcement Training Center (FLETC) within the Department of Homeland Security (DHS).

The FLETC must be headed by a director who reports to the DHS Secretary.

The bill sets forth functions of the director, including to: establish and execute organizational plans and priorities; direct and manage training facilities, programs, and activities; develop training goals and curricula; disseminate homeland security information to law enforcement and security agencies and private sector stakeholders; conduct acquisition in compliance with federal law and regulations; coordinate and share digital resources with federal agencies; and collaborate to improve international instructional development, training, and technical assistance to foreign law enforcement.

Additionally, the bill sets forth training responsibilities of the FLETC and partner organizations (i.e., federal agencies that participate in FLETC training programs under a formal memorandum of understanding).

It authorizes the FLETC to: (1) train federal employees engaged in homeland security operations or law enforcement activities, and (2) execute strategic partnerships with state and local law enforcement agencies and coordinate with private sector stakeholders to provide training. The FLETC must consult with relevant law enforcement and security agencies to develop and deliver training programs.

A partner organization must pay for and assign non-reimbursable detailed instructors to support training programs.

The FLETC may conduct federal employee trainings at FLETC facilities, at off-site locations, or by distributed learning (e.g., online); detail its employees throughout DHS; charge fees for non-federal trainings; provide certain student support services; hire retired federal employees with training experience; and reimburse travel expenses of non-federal and intermittent federal employees. Individuals who attend FLETC training must reside in FLETC housing, to the extent practicable.

Finally, the bill codifies existing authorities of the FLETC to spend funds to promote awareness of and support for law enforcement training, accept and use gifts for authorized purposes, accept reimbursement for the construction or renovation of training facilities, obligate funds in anticipation of reimbursements, purchase uniforms and passenger vehicles, and provide room and board for student interns. It also authorizes the FLETC to spend funds to honor and memorialize FLETC graduates who have died in the line of duty.
Topic: International Affairs — Terrorism
Subject: International affairs
Date: 2016-05-09 00:00:00

Preventing Terrorism Through Social Media Act of 2016

This bill grants the Department of State discretion to offer a reward of at least $25,000 to an individual who furnishes information found on social media leading to the arrest or conviction in any country of any individual for committing, conspiring or attempting to commit, or aiding or abetting in the commission of an act of terrorism in the United States.

 The total amount of such rewards may not exceed $5 million.
Topic: International Affairs — Terrorism
Subject: Law
Date: 2016-05-10 00:00:00

Clarifying Amendment to Provide Terrorism Victims Equity Act or the CAPTIVE Act

This bill amends the Terrorism Risk Insurance Act of 2002 regarding the blocked assets of a terrorist party which shall be subject to execution or attachment in aid of execution in order to satisfy a judgment based upon an act of terrorism in an action brought by or on behalf of the person obtaining the judgment.

The bill redefines "blocked asset" to include any asset seized or frozen by the United States under the Foreign Narcotics Kingpin Designation Act.

The bill also defines a "person" who has obtained such a judgment as a natural person who, at the time the act of terrorism was committed upon which the judgment was obtained, was:

 a national of the United States; a member of the U.S. Armed Forces; or otherwise an employee of the federal government, or of a federal government contractor, acting within the scope of employment. If the person described is deceased, the personal representative of the estate of that deceased person shall count as the person.
Topic: International Affairs — Terrorism
Subject: Crime and law enforcement
Date: 2016-06-15 00:00:00

This bill requires the Department of Justice (DOJ) to include in the national instant criminal background check system (i.e., the NICS database) information about an individual who is or has been under a federal terrorism investigation.

A federal department or agency must submit to DOJ information about such individual.

Additionally, if a licensed gun dealer requests a background check on a prospective gun buyer who is or has been under a federal terrorism investigation, then the NICS database must notify the appropriate division of the Federal Bureau of Investigation of the request and the pending firearm transfer.
Topic: International Affairs — Terrorism
Subject: Crime and law enforcement
Date: 2016-06-16 00:00:00

Fighting Terrorism and Upholding Due Process Act

This bill amends the federal criminal code to allow the Department of Justice (DOJ), in conjunction with the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court, to establish a list of persons that: (1) there is probable cause to believe, have engaged in or supported terrorism; and (2) there is reason to believe, may use a firearm in connection with terrorism.

DOJ may, in accordance with procedures established by this bill, prohibit a person on the list from: (1) participating in the transfer of a firearm, (2) receiving or maintaining a firearms license, or (3) receiving or maintaining a license or permit for explosives.
Topic: International Affairs — Terrorism
Subject: Emergency management
Date: 2016-06-16 00:00:00

Countering Terrorist Radicalization Act

This bill authorizes the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) to provide training for administering community awareness briefings and related activities in furtherance of its efforts to counter violent extremism, identify and report suspicious activities, and increase awareness of and more quickly identify terrorism threats, including the travel of individuals from the United States to support a foreign terrorist organization abroad.

DHS shall: (1) assess its efforts to support countering violent extremism at the state, local, tribal, and territorial levels; (2) notify Congress of the number of employees of state, local, tribal, and territorial governments with security clearances sponsored by DHS; and (3) incorporate the public testimonials of former extremists into its efforts to combat terrorist recruitment.

The bill amends the Homeland Security Act of 2002 to establish in DHS a board to coordinate and integrate DHS's intelligence, activities, and policy related to its counterterrorism mission and functions. The board shall advise DHS on the issuance of terrorism alerts. DHS shall appoint a Coordinator for Counterterrorism to serve as the chair of the board.
Topic: International Affairs — Terrorism
Subject: International affairs
Date: 2016-06-29 00:00:00

Stop Terrorist Operational Resources and Money Act

This bill expresses the sense of Congress regarding the importance of the United States and its partners curtailing the financial resources of the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL).

The President may designate a country as a Jurisdiction of Terrorism Financing Concern if the President determines that government officials know, or should know, that activities are taking place within the country that substantially finance the operations of, or acts of international terrorism by, foreign terrorist organizations.

The President shall, after so designating a country: (1) submit a report that identifies the country and sets forth the information used to make such designation; and (2) take one or more actions to limit military and technology exports, cut or suspend development and security assistance, and suspend credit, procurement, and contracting by federal agencies with respect to such country.

The President may, as an alternative to such actions, enter into an agreement with a foreign government that obligates such government to more effectively counter activities that finance the operations of, or acts of international terrorism by, foreign terrorist organizations.

With respect to a financial institution, the President: (1) may remove a limitation or condition for national security purposes, and (2) shall not be required to apply sanctions if the sanctionable activity is terminated or the institution is taking significant steps to do so.

The Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 is amended to permit the allocation of funds for countering terrorism financing under the program to provide technical assistance to foreign governments and foreign central banks of developing or transitional countries.

The President shall prescribe regulations to prohibit, or impose strict conditions on, the opening or maintaining in the United States of a correspondent account or a payable-through account by a foreign financial institution that knowingly:

 facilitates a significant transaction or transactions for ISIL or its affiliates; facilitates a significant transaction for a person acting on behalf of, or owned or controlled by, ISIL or its affiliates; or engages in money laundering or significant financial services to carry out such an activity. The bill prescribes penalties for violations of such prohibitions.

The Foreign Relations Authorization Act, Fiscal Years 1988 and 1989 is amended to include in the annual country reports on terrorism for each foreign country in which terrorism financing activities are taking place assessments of such activities and government preventive efforts and capacities.