jiayi-li23/proxann_data huggingface dataset:
Topic: Law and Crime — White Collar Crime
Subject: Finance and financial sector
Date: 2008-09-26 00:00:00

Fostering American Independence from Regressive and Abusive Credit Transactions Act of 2008 or the FAIR Act - Amends the Truth in Lending Act to prescribe a maximum annual percentage rate (APR) of 36% for any extension of credit to a consumer. Prohibits a creditor from: (1) cashing or advancing money for a post-dated check in exchange for a fee or other payment of interest, other than as otherwise authorized for the payment of a preexisting debt; or (2) holding a check, requiring electronic access to an account at a financial institution, or holding title to personal property as collateral for a loan or other extension of credit (except in connection with the purchase or rental of such personal property). Requires a creditor to provide to the consumer in writing at or before the issuance of credit: (1) the applicable APR; and (2) a clear description of payment obligations. Declares null and void and unenforceable any consumer credit transaction made in violation of this Act. Requires the creditor or subsequent holder to promptly return to the consumer any principal, interest, charges, fees, and any security interest associated with such a transaction. Subjects violations of this Act to specified civil and criminal penalties. Directs the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) to establish a program to encourage insured depository institutions to incorporate small consumer loans of $1,000 or less into their regular banking services. Includes participation in the loan program established under this Act as a factor in the determination by the appropriate federal financial supervisory agency of whether an insured depository institution is meeting the credit needs of its community under the Community Reinvestment Act of 1977. Directs the FDIC and the National Credit Union Administration to study and report to Congress on best practices to provide incentives for mainstream financial institutions to provide small dollar amount loans to consumers, including innovative state and local programs, private sector, and not-for-profit initiatives.
Topic: Law and Crime — White Collar Crime
Subject: Immigration
Date: 2009-01-06 00:00:00

Employment Eligibility Verification and Anti-Identity Theft Act - Directs the Commissioner of the Social Security Administration to notify a person or entity each time that the combination of name and Social Security account number it has submitted for an individual does not match Social Security Administration records. Directs the Secretary of Homeland Security (HS) to notify a person or entity each time that: (1) an immigration status or employment authorization document presented or referenced by an individual during the employment eligibility verification process was assigned to another person; or (2) there is no agency record that the document was assigned to any person. Directs the HS Secretary to establish a system, meeting specified requirements, for verifying an individual's identity and employment eligibility. Requires any person or entity that has received a discrepancy notice under this Act to verify the individual's employment authorization and identity through such system. Places the burden of resolving errors in the verification mechanism on the individual whose employment eligibility and identity have not been verified. Requires the individual to terminate any employment in the United States if a final nonverification is received. Requires the Commissioner of Social Security to provide the last known name, address, and location of a nonverified individual to the Secretary of Homeland Security. Provides for sanctions against employers who continue to employ an individual after receiving a final nonverification. Amends the Illegal Immigration Reform and Immigrant Responsibility Act of 1996 to require any person or entity that receives written notice about more than 20 individuals in one calendar year to: (1) participate in a basic pilot project for employment eligibility confirmation; and (2) comply with specified terms and conditions. Provides for: (1) a remedy under the Federal Tort Claims Act for job dismissals occasioned by verification mechanism errors; and (2) protection from civil and criminal liability for persons or entities that take action in good faith on the basis of verification mechanism information.
Topic: Law and Crime — White Collar Crime
Subject: Crime and law enforcement
Date: 2009-02-25 00:00:00

Organized Retail Crime Act of 2009 - Amends the federal criminal code to define "organized retail crime" as: (1) the stealing, embezzlement, obtaining by fraud, false pretenses, or other illegal means of retail merchandise in quantities that would not normally be purchased for personal use or consumption for the purpose of reselling or otherwise reentering such retail merchandise in commerce; or (2) the recruitment of persons to participate in such criminal activities.Modifies the crime of transporting and selling or receiving stolen goods to include activities involving organized retail crime and the facilitation of such crime through the operation of an online marketplace. Expands the crime of fraud involving access devices to include the use of gift cards, a Universal Product Code label, or a radio frequency identification transponder to obtain goods or services illegally.Imposes reporting and other requirements on operators of online marketplaces and high volume (at least $12,000 annually) sellers relating to the sale of goods and services suspected of being acquired through organized retail crime.Requires the U.S. Sentencing Commission to review and, if appropriate, amend its guidelines for persons convicted of offenses involving organized retail crime. Provides for civil forfeiture of any property used to commit or facilitate organized retail crime.Allows a business whose goods or services were sold or used in the facilitation of organized retail crime through the operation of an online marketplace to obtain injunctive relief and compensatory damages.
Topic: Law and Crime — White Collar Crime
Subject: Crime and law enforcement
Date: 2009-03-04 00:00:00

Amends the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 to authorize the Director of the Bureau of Justice Assistance to make grants and enter into contracts with state and local criminal justice agencies and nonprofit organizations to improve the identification, investigation, and prosecution of multijurisdictional criminal conspiracies or activities involving terrorism, economic crime, including financial fraud and mortgage fraud, and high-tech crime, including Internet-based crime against children and child pornography.
Topic: Law and Crime — White Collar Crime
Subject: Taxation
Date: 2009-03-09 00:00:00

Fraudulent Tax Relief Act of 2009 - Amends the Internal Revenue Code to allow a refundable tax credit for taxes paid on earnings: (1) from an investment which the taxpayer did not know, and reasonably should not have known, was fraudulent; (2) which were reinvested in such investment; and (3) which remained so reinvested until the fraud was discovered. Makes such tax credit applicable to frauds discovered during 2008.
Topic: Law and Crime — White Collar Crime
Subject: Crime and law enforcement
Date: 2009-03-30 00:00:00

Financial Crimes Resources Act of 2009 - Authorizes appropriations for FY2010-FY2012 to the U.S. Secret Service, the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), the Department of Justice (DOJ), and other federal agencies for the investigation and prosecution of criminal activity involving computers, crimes of fraud involving federal economic assistance and relief programs, and financial crimes, including mortgage fraud, securities fraud, and financial institution fraud. Authorizes the Assistant Attorney General for the Office of Justice Programs of DOJ to award grants to states to establish and develop programs for enforcement against criminal activity involving computers and financial crimes.
Topic: Law and Crime — White Collar Crime
Subject: Crime and law enforcement
Date: 2009-03-30 00:00:00

Money Laundering Correction Act of 2009 - Amends the federal criminal code relating to money laundering to: (1) allow a conviction for money laundering based on merely concealing or disguising monetary instruments; and (2) expand the concept of monetary proceeds to include gross receipts.
Topic: Law and Crime — White Collar Crime
Subject: Crime and law enforcement
Date: 2009-05-21 00:00:00

Freedom From Union Violence Act of 2009 - Amends the Hobbs Act to authorize imposition of a fine of up to $100,000, 20 years imprisonment, or both for: (1) obstructing, delaying, or affecting commerce or the movement of any article or commodity in commerce by robbery or extortion (or attempting or conspiring to do so); and (2) threatening physical violence to any person or property in furtherance of a plan or purpose to interfere with commerce by threats or violence. Makes provisions regarding any such interference inapplicable to conduct that: (1) is incidental to otherwise peaceful picketing during the course of a labor dispute; (2) consists solely of minor bodily injury, or minor damage to property, or threat or fear of such minor injury or damage; and (3) is not part of a pattern of violent conduct or of coordinated violent activity. Subjects such conduct to prosecution only by the appropriate state and local authorities.
Topic: Law and Crime — White Collar Crime
Subject: Crime and law enforcement
Date: 2009-06-10 00:00:00

Anti-Gang Enforcement Act of 2009 - Amends the federal criminal code to: (1) prohibit certain criminal street gang crimes, including recruitment of persons into such gangs, participation in such gangs by committing two or more predicate gang crimes, and solicitation to commit a predicate gang crime; (2) impose or increase criminal penalties for committing certain violent crimes in aid of a criminal street gang or racketeering activity, for murder or other violent crimes while committing a drug trafficking crime, and for the use of interstate or foreign commerce facilities in the commission of two or more murders; and (3) provide for forfeiture of property obtained through criminal street gang activity. Defines "criminal street gang" and "predicate gang crime" for purposes of this Act. Directs the U.S. Sentencing Commission to amend its sentencing guidelines to provide an enhancement for crimes committed in furtherance or in aid of criminal street gangs. Directs the Attorney General to: (1) expand the Project Safe Neighborhoods program to require U.S. attorneys to identify, investigate, and prosecute significant criminal street gangs operating within their districts and to coordinate anti-gang activities; and (2) require the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) to increase funding for the Safe Streets Program and to support criminal street gang enforcement teams. Authorizes the Attorney General to hire 94 additional assistant U.S. attorneys for the Project Safe Neighborhoods program.
Topic: Law and Crime — White Collar Crime
Subject: Crime and law enforcement
Date: 2009-06-12 00:00:00

Gang Deterrence and Community Protection Act of 2009 - Amends the federal criminal code to modify and expand prohibitions against criminal street gang activity, including forfeiture provisions. Revises penalties for: (1) interstate or foreign travel or transportation in aid of racketeering enterprises; (2) carjacking; (3) using interstate commerce facilities in the commission of murder-for-hire and other felony crimes of violence; (4) violent crimes in aid of racketeering activity; (5) murder and other violent crimes committed during and in relation to a drug trafficking crime; (6) using interstate commerce facilities to commit multiple murder; and (7) the use of firearms in crimes of violence and drug trafficking. Amends: (1) the Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act (RICO) to expand the definition of "racketeering activity" to cover interstate murder; and (2) the Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act of 1994 to authorize the use of community-based justice grants to hire additional prosecutors to reduce backlogs and to fund technology, equipment, and training for specified purposes, including to increase the accurate identification and successful prosecution of young violent offenders Expands: (1) the rebuttable presumption against release of persons charged with firearms offenses; (2) venue in capital cases; and (3) the authority to prosecute juveniles as adults. Sets a 15-year statute of limitations for non-capital felony crimes of violence. Authorizes the Attorney General to designate specific areas that are located within one or more states as high intensity interstate gang activity areas.
Topic: Law and Crime — White Collar Crime
Subject: Crime and law enforcement
Date: 2009-06-25 00:00:00

Senior Financial Empowerment Act of 2010 - Requires the Federal Trade Commission (FTC): (1) to disseminate to seniors and their caregivers information on mail, telemarketing, and Internet fraud targeting seniors; (2) in response to a request about fraud committed by a particular entity or individual, to provide to the requester publicly available information on any record of civil or criminal law enforcement action against such individual or entity for fraud; and (3) to maintain a website as an information resource for seniors and their caregivers regarding Internet fraud. Authorizes FY2011-FY2015 appropriations. Directs the Attorney General to establish a grant program for mail, telemarketing, and Internet fraud prevention education programs for senior citizens. Makes such grants available to state and local law enforcement agencies, senior centers, and local nonprofit organizations that provide assistance to seniors. Authorizes FY2011-FY2015 appropriations. Expresses the sense of Congress: (1) with respect to public awareness of the impact of such fraud on senior citizens; and (2) that a week in May should be designated as National Senior Fraud Awareness Week.
Topic: Law and Crime — White Collar Crime
Subject: Crime and law enforcement
Date: 2009-07-31 00:00:00

Tony Cardenas Community-Based Gang Intervention Act - Expresses the sense of Congress that the United States must acknowledge and address social conditions such as poverty, homelessness, inadequate educational systems, and limited economic opportunities in developing a comprehensive gang violence reduction strategy. Amends the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act of 1974 to: (1) require the Administrator of the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention to award grants to nonprofit community-based gang intervention agencies to provide services for reducing and stopping gang-related and gang-motivated violence and crime; (2) include representatives of community-based gang intervention agencies in juvenile justice and delinquency prevention advisory groups established by state plans; and (3) include community-based gang intervention and prevention activities in state and local grant programs for delinquency prevention.
Topic: Law and Crime — White Collar Crime
Subject: Crime and law enforcement
Date: 2009-11-03 00:00:00

Organized Retail Crime Prevention and Enforcement Act of 2009 - Amends the federal criminal code to prohibit the transportation of fraudulently obtained goods valued at $1,000 or more for sale on an online marketplace and the barter or sale of such goods online with knowledge that such goods have been stolen, converted, or taken by fraud. Directs the Attorney General to establish multi-jurisdictional task forces to investigate organized retail theft and to dismantle organized retail theft criminal enterprises in the United States.
Topic: Law and Crime — White Collar Crime
Subject: Taxation
Date: 2009-11-16 00:00:00

Small Business Penalty Relief Act of 2009 - Amends the Internal Revenue Code to limit the penalty for failure to disclose a reportable transaction (a transaction determined by the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) as having a potential for tax avoidance or evasion) to 75% of the decrease in tax resulting from such transaction. Sets forth a maximum penalty for failure to report a reportable transaction and a minimum and maximum penalty for failure to report a listed transaction (a transaction specifically identified by the IRS as a tax avoidance transaction). Requires the Commissioner of Internal Revenue to report by June 1, 2010, and then annually, to Congress on penalties relating to tax shelters and reportable transactions.
Topic: Law and Crime — White Collar Crime
Subject: Government operations and politics
Date: 2010-01-13 00:00:00

Defund the Crooks Act - Prohibits any federal contract, grant, cooperative agreement, or other form of agreement from being awarded to or entered into with any organization that: (1) has been convicted of a violation of any federal or state law; (2) had its corporate charter revoked due to its failure to comply with federal or state laws; (3) has submitted a fraudulent claim to a federal or state agency; (4) knowingly employs an individual who has been convicted of a violation of federal or state law, hires any such individual as a contractor, or extends authority to such an individual to act on its behalf; or (5) is the parent company of, subsidiary of, or subsidiary of the parent company of, or owns 50% or more of, such an organization. Prohibits: (1) any federal funds from being provided to such an organization, except for goods or services provided before this Act's enactment; and (2) any federal employee, in the course and scope of employment, or any federal contractor, during the performance of the contract, from promoting such an organization. Provides for the termination of contracts awarded before, or awarded to an entity that becomes such an organization after, enactment of this Act. Requires the Federal Acquisition Regulation to be revised to carry out provisions of this Act relating to contracts.
Topic: Law and Crime — White Collar Crime
Subject: Crime and law enforcement
Date: 2010-07-29 00:00:00

Organized Retail Theft Investigation and Prosecution Act of 2010 - Directs the Attorney General to establish the Organized Retail Theft Investigation and Prosecution Unit to: (1) investigate and prosecute those instances of organized retail theft over which the Department of Justice (DOJ) has jurisdiction; (2) assist state and local law enforcement agencies in investigating and prosecuting organized retail theft; and (3) consult with key stakeholders, including retailers and online market places, to obtain information about instances of and trends in organized retail theft. Provides that the Unit shall include representatives from the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), United States Immigration and Customs Enforcement, the United States Secret Service, the United States Postal Inspection Services, prosecutors, and any other necessary personnel. Defines "organized retail theft" as: (1) the obtaining of retail merchandise by illegal means to resell or otherwise place such merchandise back into the stream of commerce; or (2) aiding or abetting the commission of, or conspiring to commit, such theft. Requires the Attorney General to submit to the Judiciary Committees of Congress and make available to the public on the DOJ website a report containing recommendations on how retailers, online businesses, and law enforcement agencies can help prevent and combat organized retail theft . Authorizes appropriations for FY2011-FY2015.
Topic: Law and Crime — White Collar Crime
Subject: Taxation
Date: 2010-07-29 00:00:00

Social Security Identity Defense Act of 2010 - Amends the Internal Revenue Code to require the Secretary of the Treasury to make certain disclosures to the holder of a social security account number and to the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) if the Secretary determines that there is a substantial likelihood that there has been a fraudulent use of such account number in the employment context. Authorizes the FBI Director to disclose information received from the Secretary to federal, state, and local law enforcement officials, but restricts the use of such information to carrying out criminal investigations or prosecutions. Requires employers who have been notified of suspected misuse of an employee's social security account number to cease including such account number on statements provided to such employee.
Topic: Law and Crime — White Collar Crime
Subject: Commerce
Date: 2010-08-10 00:00:00

Incorporation Transparency and Law Enforcement Assistance Act - Directs the Secretary of the Treasury to issue regulations not later than October 1, 2012, requiring corporations and limited liability companies formed in a state that does not have an incorporation system providing for the disclosure, updating, and verification of beneficial ownership information to file with the Secretary information about their beneficial ownership as required by this Act. Sets forth requirements for state incorporation systems with respect to beneficial ownership information, including: (1) identification of beneficial owners by name, current address, and non-expired passport or state-issued driver's license; (2) identification of any affiliated legal entity that will exercise control over an entity to be incorporated and the identities of the beneficial owners of such affiliated entities; (3) updating of lists of beneficial owners not later than 60 days after any change in information related to such owners; and (4) additional information and verification required for beneficial owners who are not U.S. citizens or lawful permanent residents. Requires states that adopt an incorporation system to maintain beneficial ownership information for five years after an incorporated entity terminates. Imposes a civil penalty on any person who: (1) provides false or fraudulent beneficial ownership information; (2) fails to provide complete or updated beneficial ownership information; or (3) knowingly discloses the existence of a subpoena, summons, or other request for beneficial ownership information without authorization. Requires the Secretary to publish a proposed and final rule to require persons who form a corporation, limited liability company, partnership, trust, or other legal entity to establish anti-money laundering programs. Requires the Comptroller General to study and report to Congress on: (1) state requirements for the disclosure of beneficial ownership information; (2) whether the lack of such information has impeded investigations into entities suspected of terrorism, money laundering, and other criminal activities; and (3) whether the failure to require beneficial ownership information for partnerships and trusts formed or registered in the United States has elicited international criticism and what steps the United States has taken or is planning to take in response.