jiayi-li23/proxann_data huggingface dataset:
Bill 114-HR-2708 — Technology / Computers
Subject: Armed forces and national security

Requires the Director of National Intelligence to carry out a study and report findings to Congress regarding appropriate standards to measure the damage of cyber incidents for purposes of determining the response to such incidents, including a method to quantify damage to affected computers, systems, and devices.
Bill 114-HR-3305 — Technology / Computers
Subject: Government operations and politics

EINSTEIN Act of 2015

Amends the Homeland Security Act of 2002 to require the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) to deploy, operate, and maintain (to make available for use by any federal agency, with or without reimbursement) capabilities to protect federal agency information and federal civilian information systems, including technologies to continuously diagnose, detect, prevent, and mitigate against cybersecurity risks involving such information or systems.

Authorizes the DHS Secretary to access, and allows federal agency heads to disclose to the Secretary, information traveling to or from or stored on such systems, regardless of from where the Secretary accesses such information, notwithstanding any law that would otherwise restrict or prevent such disclosures.

Authorizes the Secretary to retain, use, and disclose information obtained through such activities only to protect federal agency information and federal civilian information systems from cybersecurity risks or in furtherance of the national cybersecurity and communications integration center's (NCCIC's) authority, or, with DOJ approval and if disclosure of such information is not otherwise prohibited by law, to law enforcement only to investigate, prosecute, disrupt, or otherwise respond to:

 criminal computer fraud; an imminent threat of death or serious bodily harm; a serious threat to a minor, including sexual exploitation or threats to physical safety; or an attempt or conspiracy to commit any of such offenses. Provides liability protections to private entities authorized to assist the Secretary for such purposes.

Redefines for purposes of the NCCIC's cybersecurity functions: (1) "cybersecurity risk" to exclude actions that solely involve a violation of a consumer term of service or a consumer licensing agreement; and (2) "incident" to include an occurrence that actually or imminently jeopardizes, without lawful authority, an information system, thereby replacing a standard that includes occurrences that constitute a violation or imminent threat of violation of law, security policies, security procedures, or acceptable use policies.
Bill 114-HR-3490 — Technology / Computers
Subject: Crime and law enforcement

Strengthening State and Local Cyber Crime Fighting Act

(Sec. 2) This bill amends the Homeland Security Act of 2002 to establish in the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) a National Computer Forensics Institute to be operated by the U.S. Secret Service to: (1)  disseminate homeland security information related to the investigation and prevention of cyber and electronic crimes and related threats; and (2) educate, train, and provide equipment to state, local, tribal, and territorial law enforcement officers, prosecutors, and judges to carry out investigations, prosecutions, and court proceeding relating to such crimes and threats.

The institute:

 must provide education and training on investigation methods, computer and mobile device forensic examinations, network intrusion incidents, and methods to obtain, process, store, and admit digital evidence in court; must ensure that timely, actionable, and relevant expertise and homeland security information related to cyber and electronic crimes and threats is shared with such officers, prosecutors, and judges; and may provide officers, prosecutors, and judges with computer equipment and tools for such investigations and examinations. The Secret Service's network of Electronic Crime Task Forces is to be expanded through the addition of task force officers, prosecutors, and judges educated and trained at the institute, in addition to academia and private sector stakeholders.

The institute must seek opportunities to coordinate with the Federal Law Enforcement Training Center within DHS to help enhance the center's training for such cyber and electronic crimes and threats.
Bill 114-HR-3869 — Technology / Computers
Subject: Government operations and politics

State and Local Cyber Protection Act of 2015

(Sec. 2) This bill amends the Homeland Security Act of 2002 to require the Department of Homeland Security's (DHS's) national cybersecurity and communications integration center (NCCIC) to assist state and local governments with cybersecurity by:

 upon request, identifying system vulnerabilities and information security protections to address unauthorized access, use, disclosure, disruption, modification, or destruction of information collected or maintained by, or information systems used or operated by, state or local governments or other organizations or contractors on their behalf; providing via a web portal updated resources and guidelines related to information security; coordinating through national associations to implement information security tools and policies to ensure the resiliency of state and local information systems; providing training on cybersecurity, privacy, and civil liberties; providing requested technical assistance to deploy technology that continuously diagnoses and mitigates cyber threats and to conduct threat and vulnerability assessments; coordinating vulnerability disclosures under standards developed by the National Institute of Standards and Technology; and ensuring that state and local governments are aware of DHS resources and other federal tools to ensure the security and resiliency of federal civilian information systems. The NCCIC's privacy and civil liberties training must include: (1) reasonable limits on the receipt, retention, use, and disclosure of information associated with specific persons that is not necessary for cybersecurity purposes; (2) data integrity standards requiring the prompt removal and destruction of obsolete or erroneous names and personal information that is unrelated to the risk or incident information; and (3) safeguards and confidentiality protections for cyber threat indicators and defensive measures, including information that is proprietary or business-sensitive that may be used to identify specific persons from unauthorized access or acquisition.

The NCCIC must seek feedback from state and local governments on the effectiveness of such activities and provide such information to Congress.
Bill 114-HR-3873 — Technology / Computers
Subject: International affairs

International Cyber Policy Oversight Act of 2015

This bill directs the Department of State to: (1) produce a comprehensive strategy, with a classified annex if necessary, relating to U.S. international cyberspace policy; and (2) publicly release such strategy and brief Congress upon its release, including any accompanying classified annex.
Bill 114-HR-3994 — Technology / Computers
Subject: Transportation and public works

Security and Privacy in Your Car Study Act of 2015 or the SPY Car Study Act of 2015

This bill requires the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration to conduct a study to determine and recommend standards for the regulation of the cybersecurity of motor vehicles manufactured or imported for sale in the United States. The study shall identify:

 isolation measures that are necessary to separate critical software systems that can affect the driver's control of the movement of the vehicle from other software systems; measures that are necessary to detect and prevent or minimize anomalous codes, in vehicle software systems, associated with malicious behavior; techniques that are necessary to detect and prevent, discourage, or mitigate intrusions into vehicle software systems and other cybersecurity risks in motor vehicles; and best practices to secure driving data about a vehicle's status or about the owner, lessee, driver, or passenger of a vehicle that is collected by the electronic systems of motor vehicles.
Bill 114-HR-4517 — Technology / Computers
Subject: Science, technology, communications

Application Privacy, Protection, and Security Act of 2016 or the APPS Act of 2016

This bill directs mobile device application developers, before the application collects personal data about the user, to notify the user and obtain the user's consent regarding the terms and conditions governing the collection, use, storage, and sharing of such personal data.

Excluded from such notice and consent requirements is any "de-identified data" that cannot reasonably be used to identify or infer information about, or otherwise be linked to, a particular individual or mobile device, as determined with a reasonable level of justified confidence based on the available methods and technologies, the nature of the data at issue, and the purposes for which the data will be used.

Developers must: (1) provide users with a method to withdraw such consent and to request that the developer delete personal data or refrain from further data collection or sharing, and (2) take measures to prevent unauthorized access to personal and de-identified data.

Violations are to be treated as unfair or deceptive acts or practices under the Federal Trade Commission Act.

The Federal Trade Commission (FTC) must promulgate regulations to implement and enforce this Act.

States may bring civil actions in federal court on behalf of affected state residents.

Nothing in this Act prohibits a developer from disclosing or preserving personal data or de-identified data as required by other federal laws or, except when superceded by this Act, the laws of a state or political subdivision, including court orders.

A developer may satisfy the requirements of this Act by adopting and following a code of conduct for consumer data privacy that is approved pursuant to FTC regulations.
Bill 114-HR-4528 — Technology / Computers
Subject: Crime and law enforcement

Ensuring National Constitutional Rights for Your Private Telecommunications Act of 2016 or the ENCRYPT Act of 2016

This bill prohibits a state from requiring a manufacturer, developer, seller, or provider of a technology product or service to: (1) alter the security functions of its product or service to allow a government agency to conduct a physical search or user surveillance, or (2) use its product or service to decrypt encrypted information.

A technology product or service includes a commercial computer product, electronic device, or online service that is publicly available.

Additionally, it bars a state from prohibiting the manufacture, sale or lease, or provision of a technology product or service because it uses encryption or similar security functions.
Bill 114-HR-4587 — Technology / Computers
Subject: Commerce

Small Business Broadband and Emerging Information Technology Enhancement Act of 2015

 This bill amends the Small Business Act to direct the Small Business Administration (SBA) Office of Investment and Innovation to designate a senior employee to serve as the broadband and emerging information technology (BEIT) coordinator.

The Office must also provide SBA employees BEIT training to assist small businesses in the use of such technologies.

The SBA Chief Counsel for Advocacy shall evaluate the impact of broadband speed and price on small businesses.

Services provided by a small business development center shall include accessing and using BEIT as an authorized activity of small business development centers.
Bill 114-HR-4596 — Technology / Computers
Subject: Science, technology, communications

(This measure has not been amended since it was reported to the House on March 7, 2016. The summary of that version is repeated here.)

Small Business Broadband Deployment Act

(Sec. 2) This bill exempts for five years any small business broadband Internet access service provider with no more than 250,000 subscribers from the enhancements to the transparency rule of the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) under which any person engaged in the provision of broadband Internet access service must disclose publicly accurate information regarding the network management practices, performance, and commercial terms of its broadband Internet access services sufficient for:

 consumers to make informed choices regarding their use; and content, application, service, and device providers to develop, market, and maintain Internet offerings. The FCC shall report to specified congressional committees, within 180 days after enactment of this Act, its recommendations (together with supporting data) on whether:

 this exception should be made permanent, and the definition of "small business" for these purposes should be modified.
Bill 114-HR-4651 — Technology / Computers
Subject: Congress

Digital Security Commission Act of 2016

This bill establishes in the legislative branch the National Commission on Security and Technology Challenges to assess, and make recommendations for policy and practice concerning, the issue of multiple security interests in the digital world, including public safety, privacy, national security, and communications and data protection, both now and throughout the next 10 years.

Members of the Commission shall be appointed by the Speaker of the House and Senate majority leader (eight members), the minority leaders in the House and the Senate (eight members), and the President (one member) from among U.S. citizens with significant knowledge and primary experience in:

 cryptography, global commerce and economics, federal law enforcement, state and local law enforcement, the consumer-facing technology sector, the enterprise technology sector, the intelligence community, and the privacy and civil liberties community.
Bill 114-HR-4663 — Technology / Computers
Subject: Government operations and politics

No Taxpayer Support for Apple Act

This bill prohibits any federal agency or other entity of the federal government from purchasing any product manufactured by, licensed by, or otherwise sold under the trademark of Apple, Inc., until a federal court certifies that Apple has provided the federal government with technical support necessary to access encrypted information sought by a judicial warrant that may be materially relevant to the investigation of terrorist acts.
Bill 114-HR-4709 — Technology / Computers
Subject: Science, technology, communications

Unsubscribe From All Act of 2016

This bill amends the CAN-SPAM Act of 2003 to require commercial email messages to contain an "unsubscribe from all" option that recipients may select, with not more than one additional action required by the recipient, to send a reply requesting not to receive future emails from the sender.

A commercial email message must remain capable of receiving such unsubscribe replies for at least 30 days after the transmission of the original message.
Bill 114-HR-4743 — Technology / Computers
Subject: Science, technology, communications

National Cybersecurity Preparedness Consortium Act of 2016

(Sec. 2) This bill authorizes the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) to work with a consortium, including the National Cybersecurity Preparedness Consortium, to support efforts to address cybersecurity risks and incidents, including threats or acts of terrorism.

Such a consortium must be composed primarily of nonprofit entities, including academic institutions, that develop, update, and deliver cybersecurity training in support of homeland security.

DHS may work with such a consortium to assist its national cybersecurity and communications integration center to:

 provide training to state and local first responders and officials, develop curriculums, and provide technical assistance; conduct cross-sector cybersecurity training and simulation exercises, including for state and local governments, critical infrastructure owners and operators, and private industry; help states and communities develop cybersecurity information sharing programs; and help incorporate cybersecurity risk and incident prevention and response into existing state and local emergency plans and continuity of operations plans. In selecting a consortium, DHS must consider: (1) any prior experience conducting cybersecurity training and exercises for state and local entities, and (2) the geographic diversity of its members to cover different regions across the United States.

DHS must conduct outreach to universities and colleges regarding opportunities to support efforts to address cybersecurity risks and incidents.

DHS's authority to carry out this bill terminates five years after its enactment.
Bill 114-HR-5069 — Technology / Computers
Subject: Finance and financial sector

Cybersecurity Systems and Risks Reporting Act

This bill amends the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 to apply to cybersecurity systems and cybersecurity systems officers the same requirements regarding corporate responsibility for financial reports and managements assessments of internal control structures and procedures for financial reporting as apply to public companies subject to oversight by the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). The SEC shall issue rules to define cybersecurity expert and require each issuer of securities to disclose whether or not (and if not, the reasons why) the issuer's audit committee has at least one member who is a cybersecurity expert. The SEC shall review an issuer's information systems and cybersecurity systems statements. In scheduling the such reviews the SEC shall consider, among other things, issuers that have issued cybersecurity risks disclosures.
Bill 114-HR-5117 — Technology / Computers
Subject: Science, technology, communications

Developing Innovation and Growing the Internet of Things Act or the DIGIT Act

This bill requires the Department of Commerce to convene a working group of federal stakeholders to provide recommendations and a report to Congress regarding the Internet of Things (IoT) for the growing number of connected and interconnected devices. The bill establishes a steering committee to be composed of stakeholders outside the federal government to advise the working group.

 The bill expresses the sense of Congress that IoT policies should maximize the potential and development of the IoT to benefit all stakeholders, including businesses, governments, and consumers.

The working group must: (1) identify federal laws and regulations, grant practices, budgetary or jurisdictional challenges, and other sector-specific policies that inhibit IoT development; (2) consider policies or programs that encourage and improve coordination among federal agencies with IoT jurisdiction; (3) implement recommendations from the steering committee; and (4) examine how federal agencies can benefit from, use, and prepare for the IoT.

The working group must consult with nongovernmental stakeholders. The steering committee must advise the working group about spectrum needs, individual privacy, security, and any international proceedings or negotiations affecting the IoT.

Within 18 months after enactment of this bill, the working group must report its findings and recommendations, its reasons for inaction on steering committee recommendations, and an accounting of any progress by federal agencies to implement recommendations.

The Federal Communications Commission must seek public comment on the IoT's spectrum needs and submit a summary of those comments to Congress.
Bill 114-HR-5372 — Technology / Computers
Subject: Government operations and politics

United States Digital Service Act

This bill directs the President to continue to operate, for FY2017-FY2026, the United States Digital Service as such program operated using funds made available under the Information Technology Oversight and Reform account in division E of the Financial Services and General Government Appropriations Act, 2016.
Bill 114-HR-6032 — Technology / Computers
Subject: Taxation

Data Breach Insurance Act 

This bill amends the Internal Revenue Code to allow a business tax credit for the purchase of qualified data breach insurance. The credit applies for five years and is equal to 15% of the annual premiums paid or incurred for the insurance in the ordinary course of the taxpayer's trade or business.

Qualified data breach insurance is coverage provided by an insurance company for expenses or losses in connection with the theft, loss, disclosure, inaccessibility, or manipulation of data.

Insurance does not qualify for the credit unless the taxpayer has adopted and is in compliance with: (1) the Framework for Improving Critical Infrastructure Cybersecurity published by the National Institute of Standards and Technology, or (2) any similar standard specified by the Internal Revenue Service.
Bill 114-HR-6473 — Technology / Computers
Subject: Science, technology, communications

This bill expresses the sense of Congress that information security is critical to U.S. economic security and should be protected to promote economic growth.

The National Telecommunications and Information Administration must report on the costs to the U.S. economy of protecting information and systems from unauthorized access, use, disclosure, disruption, modification, or destruction to provide information integrity, confidentiality, timely and reliable access, and authentication through digital credentials.

The report must estimate the cost of: (1) security for computers, networks, software, storage systems, data transmission, equipment, and support services; (2) measures to mitigate and hedge against compromises of information systems; and (3) economic loss or harm caused by such compromises.
Bill 114-S-135 — Technology / Computers
Subject: Science, technology, communications

Secure Data Act of 2015

 Prohibits a federal agency from requiring a manufacturer, developer, or seller of any computer hardware, software, or electronic device made available to the general public to design or alter the security functions in such products to allow the surveillance of any user or the physical search of such product by any agency. Exempts from such prohibition products used by law enforcement agencies for electronic surveillance as authorized under the Communications Assistance for Law Enforcement Act.