List of former national capitals

Columns: Old capital city | Country | Today a part of | From | Until | Change , reason
Milan | Cisalpine Republic | Italy | 1797 | 1802 | became the Italian Republic | Florence | Etruria , Kingdom of | Italy | 1801 | 1807 | Kingdom of Etruria annexed by France | Ferrara | Ferrara , Duchy of | Italy | 1471 | 1597 | annexed by the Papacy | Florence | Florence , Duchy of | Italy | 1532 | 1569 | became Grand Duchy of Tuscany | Florence | Florence , Republic of | Italy | 1115 | 1532 | became Duchy of Florence | Olbia | Gallura , Giudicato of | Italy | 9th century | 1296 | country dissolved , territories annexed by Pisa and Arborea | Genoa | Genoa , Republic of | Italy | 11th century | 1805 | annexed by France

Example questions:
The first Southern European city to cease being a national capital in the nineteenth century served as the capital of which empire ? | The city in Southern Europe that became a national capital in the twelfth century was once ruled by which powerful family ? | The city in Southern Europe to most recently become a national capital is on the banks of which lake ? | The city which ceased to be a national capital the earliest is now an archeological site near which village in Southern Europe ? | The country in Southern Europe of which Santa Igia was the national capital was called what in Sardinian ?

Answers:
Western Roman Empire | Medici | Lake Garda | San Giovanni di Sinis | Judicadu de Càralis