List of laser types

Columns: Laser gain medium and type | Operation wavelength ( s ) | Pump source | Applications and notes
Ruby laser | 694.3 nm | Flashlamp | Holography , tattoo removal . The first type of visible light laser invented ; May 1960 | Nd : YAG laser | 1.064 μm , ( 1.32 μm ) | Flashlamp , laser diode | Material processing , rangefinding , laser target designation , surgery , tattoo removal , hair removal , research , pumping other lasers ( combined with frequency doubling to produce a green 532 nm beam ) . One of the most common high-power lasers . Usually pulsed ( down to fractions of a nanosecond ) , dental laser | Nd : Cr : YAG laser | 1.064 μm , ( 1.32 μm ) | solar radiation | Experimental production of nanopowders | Er : YAG laser | 2.94 μm | Flashlamp , laser diode | Periodontal scaling , Dental laser , Skin Resurfacing | Neodymium YLF ( Nd : YLF ) solid-state laser | 1.047 and 1.053 μm | Flashlamp , laser diode | Mostly used for pulsed pumping of certain types of pulsed Ti : sapphire lasers , combined with frequency doubling | Neodymium -doped yttrium orthovanadate ( Nd : YVO 4 ) laser | 1.064 μm | laser diode | Mostly used for continuous pumping of mode-locked Ti : sapphire or dye lasers , in combination with frequency doubling . Also used pulsed for marking and micromachining . A frequency doubled nd : YVO 4 laser is also the normal way of making a green laser pointer | Neodymium doped yttrium calcium oxoborate Nd : Y Ca 4 O ( B O 3 ) 3 or simply Nd : YCOB | ~1.060 μm ( ~530 nm at second harmonic ) | laser diode | Nd : YCOB is a so-called self-frequency doubling or SFD laser material which is both capable of lasing and which has nonlinear characteristics suitable for second harmonic generation . Such materials have the potential to simplify the design of high brightness green lasers

Example questions:
What is the pump source of the solid-state laser that uses an element that was discovered through isolation by Swedish chemist Per Theodor Cleve ? | What is the pump source of the solid-state type of laser whose active laser medium is erbium-doped yttrium aluminium garnet ? | Which solid-state type of laser is used to treat urolithiasis ? | What is the operational wavelength of the solid-state laser that uses the thirteenth and third-last element in the lanthanide series ?

Answers:
Laser diode | Laser diode | Holmium | 2.0 μm