List of former national capitals

Columns: Old capital city | Country | Today a part of | From | Until | Change , reason
Alma-Ata ( Almaty ) | Kazakh SSR | Kazakhstan | 1936 | 1991 | Alma-Ata ( Almaty ) | Kazakhstan | Kazakhstan | 1991 | 1993 | city renamed Almaty | Almaty | Kazakhstan | Kazakhstan | 1993 | 1998 | moved to Astana | Astana | Kazakhstan | Kazakhstan | 1998 | 2019 | renamed to Nur-Sultan | Omsk | Russia ( White Movement ) | Russia | 1918 | 1920 | White Movement defeated by Reds | Samarkand | Uzbek SSR | Uzbekistan | 1925 | 1930 | moved to Tashkent

Example questions:
What historical sites are in the Central Asian city that was the capital of the Timurid Empire from 1405 to 1507 ? | What is the population of the Central Asian city that was the capital of the Durrani Empire from 1748 to 1772 ? | Which river runs along the Central Asian city that was the capital of Alash Orda from 1917 to 1920 ? | Which fortress was at the site of the Central Asian city that was the capital of Kazakh ASSR from 1926 to 1929 ?

Answers:
Herat Citadel and the Musalla Complex | 614,118 | Irtysh River | Kokand fortress