// decode_frame [c]
static int decode_frame(AVCodecContext *avctx, void *data,
                        int *got_frame, AVPacket *avpkt)
{
    EXRContext *s = avctx->priv_data;
    ThreadFrame frame = { .f = data };
    AVFrame *picture = data;
    uint8_t *ptr;

    int i, y, ret, ymax;
    int planes;
    int out_line_size;
    int nb_blocks;   /* nb scanline or nb tile */
    uint64_t start_offset_table;
    uint64_t start_next_scanline;
    PutByteContext offset_table_writer;

    bytestream2_init(&s->gb, avpkt->data, avpkt->size);

    if ((ret = decode_header(s, picture)) < 0)
        return ret;

    switch (s->pixel_type) {
    case EXR_FLOAT:
    case EXR_HALF:
        if (s->channel_offsets[3] >= 0) {
            if (!s->is_luma) {
                avctx->pix_fmt = AV_PIX_FMT_GBRAPF32;
            } else {
                /* todo: change this when a floating point pixel format with luma with alpha is implemented */
                avctx->pix_fmt = AV_PIX_FMT_GBRAPF32;
            }
        } else {
            if (!s->is_luma) {
                avctx->pix_fmt = AV_PIX_FMT_GBRPF32;
            } else {
                avctx->pix_fmt = AV_PIX_FMT_GRAYF32;
            }
        }
        break;
    case EXR_UINT:
        if (s->channel_offsets[3] >= 0) {
            if (!s->is_luma) {
                avctx->pix_fmt = AV_PIX_FMT_RGBA64;
            } else {
                avctx->pix_fmt = AV_PIX_FMT_YA16;
            }
        } else {
            if (!s->is_luma) {
                avctx->pix_fmt = AV_PIX_FMT_RGB48;
            } else {
                avctx->pix_fmt = AV_PIX_FMT_GRAY16;
            }
        }
        break;
    default:
        av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Missing channel list.\n");
        return AVERROR_INVALIDDATA;
    }

    if (s->apply_trc_type != AVCOL_TRC_UNSPECIFIED)
        avctx->color_trc = s->apply_trc_type;

    switch (s->compression) {
    case EXR_RAW:
    case EXR_RLE:
    case EXR_ZIP1:
        s->scan_lines_per_block = 1;
        break;
    case EXR_PXR24:
    case EXR_ZIP16:
        s->scan_lines_per_block = 16;
        break;
    case EXR_PIZ:
    case EXR_B44:
    case EXR_B44A:
        s->scan_lines_per_block = 32;
        break;
    default:
        avpriv_report_missing_feature(avctx, "Compression %d", s->compression);
        return AVERROR_PATCHWELCOME;
    }

    /* Verify the xmin, xmax, ymin and ymax before setting the actual image size.
     * It's possible for the data window can larger or outside the display window */
    if (s->xmin > s->xmax  || s->ymin > s->ymax ||
        s->ydelta == 0xFFFFFFFF || s->xdelta == 0xFFFFFFFF) {
        av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Wrong or missing size information.\n");
        return AVERROR_INVALIDDATA;
    }

    if ((ret = ff_set_dimensions(avctx, s->w, s->h)) < 0)
        return ret;

    s->desc          = av_pix_fmt_desc_get(avctx->pix_fmt);
    if (!s->desc)
        return AVERROR_INVALIDDATA;

    if (s->desc->flags & AV_PIX_FMT_FLAG_FLOAT) {
        planes           = s->desc->nb_components;
        out_line_size    = avctx->width * 4;
    } else {
        planes           = 1;
        out_line_size    = avctx->width * 2 * s->desc->nb_components;
    }

    if (s->is_tile) {
        nb_blocks = ((s->xdelta + s->tile_attr.xSize - 1) / s->tile_attr.xSize) *
        ((s->ydelta + s->tile_attr.ySize - 1) / s->tile_attr.ySize);
    } else { /* scanline */
        nb_blocks = (s->ydelta + s->scan_lines_per_block - 1) /
        s->scan_lines_per_block;
    }

    if ((ret = ff_thread_get_buffer(avctx, &frame, 0)) < 0)
        return ret;

    if (bytestream2_get_bytes_left(&s->gb)/8 < nb_blocks)
        return AVERROR_INVALIDDATA;

    // check offset table and recreate it if need
    if (!s->is_tile && bytestream2_peek_le64(&s->gb) == 0) {
        av_log(s->avctx, AV_LOG_DEBUG, "recreating invalid scanline offset table\n");

        start_offset_table = bytestream2_tell(&s->gb);
        start_next_scanline = start_offset_table + nb_blocks * 8;
        bytestream2_init_writer(&offset_table_writer, &avpkt->data[start_offset_table], nb_blocks * 8);

        for (y = 0; y < nb_blocks; y++) {
            /* write offset of prev scanline in offset table */
            bytestream2_put_le64(&offset_table_writer, start_next_scanline);

            /* get len of next scanline */
            bytestream2_seek(&s->gb, start_next_scanline + 4, SEEK_SET);/* skip line number */
            start_next_scanline += (bytestream2_get_le32(&s->gb) + 8);
        }
        bytestream2_seek(&s->gb, start_offset_table, SEEK_SET);
    }

    // save pointer we are going to use in decode_block
    s->buf      = avpkt->data;
    s->buf_size = avpkt->size;

    // Zero out the start if ymin is not 0
    for (i = 0; i < planes; i++) {
        ptr = picture->data[i];
        for (y = 0; y < s->ymin; y++) {
            memset(ptr, 0, out_line_size);
            ptr += picture->linesize[i];
        }
    }

    s->picture = picture;

    avctx->execute2(avctx, decode_block, s->thread_data, NULL, nb_blocks);

    ymax = FFMAX(0, s->ymax + 1);
    // Zero out the end if ymax+1 is not h
    for (i = 0; i < planes; i++) {
        ptr = picture->data[i] + (ymax * picture->linesize[i]);
        for (y = ymax; y < avctx->height; y++) {
            memset(ptr, 0, out_line_size);
            ptr += picture->linesize[i];
        }
    }

    picture->pict_type = AV_PICTURE_TYPE_I;
    *got_frame = 1;

    return avpkt->size;
}