//  [python]
def coshifta(xt, xp, ref_w=0, n=numpy.array([1, 2, 3]), fill_with_previous=True, block_size=(2 ** 25)):

    if ref_w == 0 or ref_w.shape[0] == 0:
        ref_w = numpy.array([0])

    if numpy.all(ref_w >= 0):
        rw = max(ref_w.shape)

    else:
        rw = 1

    if fill_with_previous:
        filling = -numpy.inf

    else:
        filling = numpy.nan

    if xt == 'average':
        xt = nanmean(xp, axis=0)

    # Make two dimensional
    xt = xt.reshape(1, -1)

    nt, mt = xt.shape
    np, mp = xp.shape

    if len(ref_w.shape) > 1:
        nr, mr = ref_w.shape
    else:
        nr, mr = ref_w.shape[0], 0

    logging.info('mt=%d, mp=%d' % (mt, mp))

    if mt != mp:
        raise(Exception, 'Target "xt" and sample "xp" must be of compatible size (%d, %d)' % (mt, mp) )

    if numpy.any(n <= 0):
        raise(Exception, 'shift(s) "n" must be larger than zero')

    if nr != 1:
        raise(Exception, 'Reference windows "ref_w" must be either a single vector or 0')

    if rw > 1 and (numpy.min(ref_w) < 1) or (numpy.max(ref_w) > mt):
        raise(Exception, 'Reference window "ref_w" must be a subset of xp')

    if nt != 1:
        raise(Exception, 'Target "xt" must be a single row spectrum/chromatogram')

    auto = 0
    if n == 'b':
        auto = 1
        if rw != 1:
            n = int(0.05 * mr)
            n = 10 if n < 10 else n
            src_step = int(mr * 0.05)
        else:
            n = int(0.05 * mp)
            n = 10 if n < 10 else n
            src_step = int(mp * 0.05)
        try_last = 0

    elif n == 'f':

        auto = 1
        if rw != 1:
            n = mr - 1
            src_step = numpy.round(mr / 2) - 1
        else:
            n = mp - 1
            src_step = numpy.round(mp / 2) - 1
        try_last = 1

    if nt != 1:
        raise(Exception, 'ERROR: Target "xt" must be a single row spectrum/chromatogram')

    xw = nans(np, mp)
    ind = numpy.zeros((1, np))

    n_blocks = int(numpy.ceil(sys.getsizeof(xp) / block_size))
    sam_xblock = numpy.array([int(np / n_blocks)])

    sam_xblock = sam_xblock.T

    ind_blocks = sam_xblock[numpy.ones(n_blocks, dtype=bool)]
    ind_blocks[0:np % sam_xblock] = sam_xblock + 1
    ind_blocks = numpy.array([0, numpy.cumsum(ind_blocks, 0)]).flatten()

    if auto == 1:
        while auto == 1:
            if filling == -numpy.inf:
                xtemp = cat(1, numpy.tile(xp[:, :1], (1., n)),
                            xp, numpy.tile(xp[:, -1:, ], (1., n)))

            elif numpy.isnan(filling):
                # FIXME
                xtemp = cat(1,
                    nans(np, n), xp, nans(np, n))

            if rw == 1:
                ref_w = numpy.arange(0, mp) #.reshape(1,-1)

            ind = nans(np, 1)
            r = False


            for i_block in range(0, n_blocks):
                block_indices = range(
                    ind_blocks[i_block], ind_blocks[i_block + 1])

                _, ind[block_indices], ri = cc_fft_shift(xt[0, ref_w].reshape(1,-1), xp[block_indices, :][:, ref_w],
                                                         numpy.array([-n, n, 2, 1, filling]) )

                if not r:
                    r = numpy.empty((0, ri.shape[1]))
                r = cat(0, r, ri).T

            temp_index = range(-n, n+1)

            for i_sam in range(0, np):
                index = numpy.flatnonzero(temp_index == ind[i_sam])
                xw[i_sam, :] = xtemp[i_sam, index:index + mp]

            if (numpy.max(abs(ind)) == n) and try_last != 1:
                if n + src_step >= ref_w.shape[0]:
                    try_last = 1
                    continue
                n += src_step
                continue

            else:
                if (numpy.max(abs(ind)) < n) and n + src_step < len(ref_w) and try_last != 1:
                    n += src_step
                    try_last = 1
                    continue
                else:
                    auto = 0
                    logging.info('Best shift allowed for this interval = %d' % n)

    else:
        if filling == -numpy.inf:
            xtemp = cat(1, numpy.tile(xp[:, :1], (1., n)),
                        xp, numpy.tile(xp[:, -1:, ], (1., n)))

        elif numpy.isnan(filling):
            xtemp = cat(1,
                nans(np, n), xp, nans(np, n))


        if rw == 1:
            ref_w = numpy.arange(0, mp) #.reshape(1,-1)

        ind = nans(np, 1)
        r = numpy.array([])
        for i_block in range(n_blocks):

            block_indices = range(ind_blocks[i_block], ind_blocks[i_block + 1])
            dummy, ind[block_indices], ri = cc_fft_shift(xt[0, ref_w].reshape(1,-1), xp[block_indices, :][:, ref_w],
                                                         numpy.array([-n, n, 2, 1, filling]))
            r = cat(0, r, ri)

        temp_index = numpy.arange(-n, n+1)

        for i_sam in range(0, np):
            index = numpy.flatnonzero(temp_index == ind[i_sam])
            xw[i_sam, :] = xtemp[i_sam, index:index + mp]

        if numpy.max(abs(ind)) == n:
            logging.warn('Scrolling window size "n" may not be enough wide because extreme limit has been reached')

    return xw, ind, r