On the year-end charts, "Dark Horse" was the second-best performing song of 2014 in the US. It was number 6 in Canada at the end of the year. In the UK, it was number 20 on the end-of-year chart.
"Dark Horse" was certified Diamond (10× Platinum) in the United States for sales and streams equal to 10 million copies sold. It was nominated for the Best Pop Duo/Group Performance award at the 57th Grammy Awards.
The song is a hip hop and trap song. It is three minutes and thirty-five seconds long.
The music video shows Perry and Juicy J in an Egyptian setting. Katy Perry is shown as an Egyptian queen. She appears to zap any man who doesn't please her. She changes costumes many times in the video.
On August 24, 2014, the video won Best Female Video at the 2014 MTV Video Music Awards.
Unconditionally
"Unconditionally" is a song by American pop singer-songwriter Katy Perry. It was the second single from her fourth studio album, "Prism", and it appears as the fifth track from that album. The song is a pop rock and power pop song. It is about a woman not wanting anything more from her lover than he already gives. She will love him no matter what.
The video shows Katy Perry dressed as a geisha.
The Summit League
The Summit League is a NCAA conference that plays in the NCAA Division I. The member universities and colleges are in the Midwestern United States, plus one member in Colorado. Their headquarters are in Sioux Falls, South Dakota, having moved from the Chicago suburb of Elmhurst, Illinois in 2018.
The league once sponsored football, but dropped the sport after the 1984 season. Five Summit League members have football teams; all play in the Missouri Valley Football Conference.
The Summit League was founded in 1982 as the Association of Mid-Continent Universities (AMCU or AMCU-8) with eight members. The only one of these schools that is still a member is Western Illinois. In 1989, the AMCU changed its name to the Mid-Continent Conference, or MCC (those initials, however, were also being used by the Midwestern Collegiate Conference, now the Horizon League).
The Mid-Continent saw many changes in the first part of the 1990s, with the biggest coming in 1992 and 1994. In 1992, the conference added women's sports after it absorbed the North Star Conference, a league that only sponsored women's sports. Then in 1994, six schools (including three charter members) left for the Midwestern Collegiate Conference. They were replaced by six other schools, five of them coming from the collapsed East Coast Conference. None of the schools that joined in 1994 are now in the league.
Since the 1994 changes, the conference has had anywhere from 8 to 10 members. It changed its name to The Summit League in 2007.
The Summit League now has nine full members. The most recent changes in membership took place in 2020, when the University of Missouri–Kansas City, known for sports purposes as Kansas City, rejoined after a seven-year absence, while Purdue University Fort Wayne left for the Horizon League.
The Summit League has four "associate" members—schools that play in a few sports, usually but not always one. One plays three sports in the conference and three more house one sport in the conference. (Note that the NCAA counts men's and women's teams in the same sport as playing two different sports, and also considers swimming and diving to be a single sport.)
No fewer than 22 schools have been full members, but are no longer in the league.
Soccer kick
A soccer kick, also known as a soccer ball kick, is a kick that is close to kicks used in association football. It is the term for a kick performed against a kneeling, rising or on the ground opponent by a fighter who is in a standing or semi-standing position, mostly to the head of the opponent on the ground. The soccer kick was used in the first match of the Ultimate Fighting Championship at UFC 1 in 1993. Gerard Gordeau used a soccer kick to win the match against Teila Tuli. The soccer kick also knocked out some of Tuli's teeth.
Jeanne d'Albret
Jeanne d'Albret (7 January 1528 – 9 June 1572), also known as Jeanne III d'Albret or Joan III, was the queen regnant of the Kingdom of Navarre from 1555 to 1572.
Her second marriage to Antoine de Bourbon, Duke of Vendôme, produced her son, Henry of Bourbon. Henry became King Henry III of Navarre and King Henry IV of France, the first Bourbon king of France. She became the Duchess of Vendôme by that marriage.
Jeanne was the acknowledged spiritual and political leader of the French Huguenot movement, and a key figure in the French Wars of Religion.
As a girl, she had a remarkably strong character. Her parents wanted her to marry William "the Rich", Duke of Jülich-Cleves-Berg. He was the brother of Anne of Cleves, the fourth wife of Henry VIII of England. She was 12 or 13 at the time, quite normal then for a girl's marriage.
She refused, and her mother had her whipped. The whipping was extremely severe, but the girl continued to resist the marriage. Finally, she was carried bodily to the altar by the Constable of France, and married against her will.
Evidently she still continued her resistance, because the marriage was eventually annulled on the grounds of non-consummation.
Her second marriage was also a political marriage. Its intent was to unify territory in the south and north of France. However, this time there was love involved. A contemporary wrote "she had no pleasure or occupation except in talking about or writing to [her husband]. She does it in company and in private . . . the waters cannot quench the flame of her love".
The couple had five children, two of whom survived to adult life.
On 25 May 1555, Henry II of Navarre died, at which time Jeanne and her husband became joint rulers of Navarre. Jeanne and Antoine were crowned in a joint ceremony according to the rites of the Roman Catholic Church on 18 August 1555 at Pau.
Jeanne's husband died on 17 November 1562, so for the last ten years of her life she was the sole ruler of Navarre.
During Jeanne's life, religion in France was a battleground between the Catholic church and the Protestant Calvinism of the Huguenots.
In religion Jeanne was influenced by her mother, towards religious reform, humanist thinking, and individual liberty. Jeanne converted to Calvinism on Christmas Day 1560. This conversion made her the highest-ranking Protestant in France.
Following the imposition of Calvinism in her kingdom, priests and nuns were banished, Catholic churches destroyed, and Catholic ritual prohibited. She commissioned the translation of the New Testament into Basque and Béarnese for the benefit of her subjects.
She was described as "small of stature, frail but erect". She was highly intelligent, but austere and self-righteous. Agrippa d' Aubigné, the Huguenot chronicler, described Jeanne as having "a mind powerful enough to guide the highest affairs".
In addition to her religious reforms, Jeanne worked on reorganising her kingdom; making long-lasting reforms to the economic and judicial systems of her domains.
Jeanne died in Paris from a fever (probably an infectious disease) at the age of 44.
Tertiary source
A tertiary source (also called thirdhand) is an index or a summary of primary and secondary sources. In research, tertiary sources are used as a guide to help find primary and secondary sources of information. Tertiary sources are very useful to find search terms for online literary searches. While tertiary sources are easy to find they are usually not considered useful for college-level research projects.