In 865 the Danish Vikings changed their tactics. A large army made up of many smaller bands landed in East Anglia. For over a decade they remained in England destroying entire kingdoms as they went. The Danes spent the winter in East Anglia. The local people bought peace with the Vikings by supplying them with horses. After a year they moved northwards to Northumbria now a mounted army. They captured York and defeated two Northumbrian kings, Aella and Osbert, who joined forces to attack the Danes. Both kings were killed. In 867 they appointed a client-king named Ecgberht over the Northumbrians. In the fall of that year they moved south into Mercia. The Danes made their winter camp at Nottingham. In 868 Burgred, the King of Mercia, asked King Ethelred of Wessex and his brother Alfred for their help against the Danes. The Danes did not fight but allowed the Mercians to pay them for peace.
The Vikings later withdrew to York. The next year, 871, the great Viking army grew much larger. After twelve months in York, the great army moved south again into East Anglia. Setting up winter quarters at Thetford they defeated King Edmund of East Anglia. Next, in the fall of 870 they moved to Reading. Athelred with his brother Alfred arrived with their army to meet the new threat. In the battle that followed, the Battle of Reading, both sides suffered many casualties. Athelred's army was defeated. Four days later the two armies met again at the Battle of Ashdown. This time the West Saxons won the victory and the Vikings retreated to Reading. Two weeks later Athelred and Alfred led the West Saxons against the Danes at Basing where the Danes won. Two months passed without any fighting between them. The next battle was at a place called Merantun. After a day long battle which the English were winning, the Danes were able to regain their lost ground. Just after mid-April in 871, Athelred died. At this point Wessex was the last remaining kingdom that hadn't been destroyed by the Vikings. Within a month, Alfred, who replaced his brother as king, was defeated at Wilton. There were nine more battles between the West Saxons and the Danes in the next year. Wessex finally paid the Vikings for peace which ended the fighting. Alfred remained on the throne. Of the two known leaders of the Danes, Ivar the Boneless disappeared from the records after 871. His brother Halfdan Ragnarsson was still the leader when the Danes withdrew from Wessex to winter in London the same year.
In 872 the Northumbrians rebelled against the Danes and ejected King Ecgberht. They placed King Ricsige on the throne. Ecgberht took refuge in Mercia. The Danes came north to put down the rebellion, but succeeded only in subduing Deira. Within a few weeks the Danes set up their winter camp at Torksey in Mercia. The Danes had operated as a single army for nine years. But in 874 it divided into two armies. They never reunited.
In 874 Halfdan took his followers north to camp at the mouth of the River Tyne. They raided the Picts and Britons in Strathclyde for the next year. But there was little gain in raiding these poorer areas. The Danes had plundered the wealth of most of England and little was left. Halfdan began settling his men in the area of York. The other army led by Gutheram, Oscytel and Arnuld was still fighting against Wessex at the time. By 876 they had concluded a peace with Wessex. In late 878 Guthrum's band withdrew to Cirencester in Mercia. In 879 they moved to East Anglia. The leader Guthrum, known by his Christian name Aethelstan, reigned as king until his death in 890. According to the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle 'they occupied the land and shared it out.' In 878 a new Danish army was camped at Fulham. But by 879 they had left England for the Low Countries.
The settling of a large part of conquered England by the Danes became known as the Danelaw. It became the part of England where the laws and customs were Danish not English. At this point England became divided into three parts. These were Wessex, English Mercia and the Danelaw. The Danelaw was a mixture of the native populations and the members of the great army who settled there. Many placenames were Danish. Many of the words in the English vocabulary have Danish origins. As late as the 11th century when a came to England he did not feel out of place. The languages was the same and the customs were the same. This was true until the Norman conquest of England in 1066 when French was introduced into England.
Kenneth Arrow
Kenneth Joseph Arrow (August 23, 1921 – February 21, 2017) was an American economist. He won the Nobel Prize in Economics with John Hicks in 1972. Until 2019, he was the youngest person to have received this award, at 51.
Arrow was born on August 23, 1921 in New York City, New York. He studied at the City College of New York and at Columbia University. Arrow married Selma Schweitzer in 1947. They had two sons.
In economics, he was thought be an important figure in post-World War II neo-classical economic theory. Many of his former graduate students have gone on to win the Nobel Prize themselves.
Arrow was active on the international scene through a variety of initiatives including trustee of Economists for Peace and Security and a member of the Advisory Board of Incentives for Global Health, the not-for-profit behind the Health Impact Fund.
Arrow died on February 21, 2017 from natural causes at his home in Palo Alto, California, aged 95.
Robert D. Maxwell
Robert Dale Maxwell (October 26, 1920 – May 11, 2019) was a former United States Army soldier from Idaho.
He is a recipient of the United States military's highest decoration, the Medal of Honor. He received this honor for his actions in World War II. After the death of Nicholas Oresko on October 4, 2013, Maxwell became the oldest living Medal of Honor recipient.
Maxwell was born on October 26, 1920 in Boise, Idaho. He studied at Bend Senior High School. Maxwell now lives in Bend, Oregon, and is the only living Medal of Honor recipient in that state.
In 2011, at the age of 90, he received his High School Diploma from Bend Senior High. In 2012, he suffered a minor stroke, but recovered after only a few short days with only minor loss of functionality of his right hand.
Maxwell died on May 11, 2019 in Bend, Oregon at the age of 98.
Walter D. Ehlers
Walter David Ehlers (May 7, 1921 – February 20, 2014) was a former United States Army soldier. Ehlers received the Medal of Honor for his actions in World War II.
Ehlers was the last living Medal of Honor recipient who fought at Omaha Beach on D-Day.
Ehlers was born on May 7, 1921 in Junction City, Kansas. He joined the Army in October 1940.
Ehlers' brother Roland died at Omaha Beach when his landing craft was hit by a mortar shell. Ehlers appeared in the 1955 movie "The Long Gray Line", starring Tyrone Power.
Ehlers lived in Orange County, California. He died on February 20, 2014 of kidney failure in Long Beach, California. He was 92 years old.
The Exorcist (movie)
The Exorcist is a 1973 American supernatural horror movie directed by William Friedkin. It is based on the 1971 book by William Peter Blatty and is also based on the true events by 1949 exorcism case of Ronald Doe. It stars Max von Sydow, Ellen Burstyn, and Linda Blair with William O'Malley. It was released to positive reviews on December 26, 1973.
Bud Adams
Kenneth Stanley "Bud" Adams, Jr. (January 3, 1923 – October 21, 2013) was an American businessman. He owned the Tennessee Titans. He was chairman and CEO of Adams Resources & Energy Inc., a wholesale supplier of oil and natural gas. Adams was not a member of the Pro Football Hall of Fame.
Adams was born was on January 3, 1923 in Bartlesville, Oklahoma. He studied at Culver Military Academy, at Menlo College, and at the University of Kansas.
Adams married Neville Adams from 1947 until her death in 2009. They had two daughters and one son. Adams died on October 21, 2013 in Houston, Texas from natural causes, aged 90.