One use of the standard was in "Morgan v. Commonwealth of Virginia," 328 U.S. 373 (1946). In a 7-to-1 ruling, Associate Justice Stanley Forman Reed fashioned an "undue burden" test to decide the constitutionality of a Virginia law requiring separate but equal racial segregation in public transportation. "There is a recognized abstract principle, however, that may be taken as a postulate for testing whether particular state legislation in the absence of action by Congress is beyond state power. This is that the state legislation is invalid if it unduly burdens that commerce in matters where uniformity is necessary—necessary in the constitutional sense of useful in accomplishing a permitted purpose."
More recently, the standard has been used in cases involving state restrictions on a woman's access to abortion. The standard was applied by Associate Justice Sandra Day O'Connor in her dissent in "City of Akron v. Akron Center for Reproductive Health," 462 US 416 (1983). O'Connor used the test as an alternative to the strict scrutiny test applied in "Roe v. Wade," 410 U.S. 113 (1973).
Castillo
Castillo may refer to:
Castillo-Albaráñez
Castillo-Albaráñez is a municipality in Cuenca, Castile-La Mancha, Spain. It has a population of 28.
Castillo de Garcimuñoz
Castillo de Garcimuñoz is a municipality in Cuenca, Castile-La Mancha, Spain. It has a population of 209.
El Oasis
El Oasis is a rural community in Ojinaga Municipality, Chihuahua, Mexico. It had a population of 475 inhabitants at the 2010 census. It is also situated at 1,204 meters above sea level.
February 2016 Ankara bombing
The February 2016 Ankara bombing was a car bombing in Ankara, Turkey, in the afternoon of 17 February 2016. An operation was launched against the suspected attackers.
April Winchell
April Winchell Foley (born January 4, 1960) is an American actress, voice actress , comedian, clown, jester, mime, writer, color commentator and dancer. She is best known for voicing Clarabelle Cow in "Mickey Mouse ClubHouse" and various other Disney projects.
She is the daughter of comedian and ventriloquist, Paul Winchell.
She was married Mick Kuisel until they divorced. She has been married to John Foley since 2013.
Bursitis
Bursitis is a painful condition. Small sacs called bursae get inflamed. Bursae are pockets between your muscles and your bones. Your bursa help you move without pain. In bursitis, the inflammation is often caused by extra fluid in the bursae. The most common places to have bursitis are in your hip and shoulder. You can also have bursitis in your elbow, knee and toe.
One of the most common symptoms of bursitis is pain. It can also cause stiffness and swelling. Pain happens when you move your joints.
The most common cause of bursitis is moving your joints too much. Swelling can happen when the joint locks.
There are a few ways to treat bursitis. The best way to treat bursitis is to rest the joint and to lift it up. You can also put a medicine called cortisone into the hurt bursa. You should put it on ice for twenty minutes three to four times a day.
Mohamed Hassanein Heikal
Mohamed Hassanein Heikal (23 September 1923 – 17 February 2016) was an Egyptian journalist. For 17 years (1957–1974), he was editor-in-chief of the Cairo newspaper "Al-Ahram". He was a commentator on Arab affairs for more than 50 years. He was born in Cairo, Egypt.
Heikal died in Cairo, Egypt from renal failure on 17 February 2016. He was aged 92.
Akbar Kakkattil
Akbar Kakkattil (7 July 1954 – 17 February 2016) was an Indian short-story writer and novelist. He was born in Kerala state. His works are known for their unique narrative style which has been seen as full of humour. His work, "Sarga Sameeksha", a creative and critical interface of a young writer with the iconic writers of the old generation is perhaps the first of its kind among Indian languages.
Kakkattil died in a hospital in Kerala from lung cancer on 17 February 2016. He was aged 62.
Andrzej Żuławski
Andrzej Żuławski (; 22 November 1940 – 17 February 2016) was a Polish movie director and writer. He was born in Lwów, Poland (now Ukraine).
In the late 1950s, he studied filmmaking in France. His second movie "The Devil" (1972) was banned in Poland, and Żuławski went to France. After the success of "" in 1975, he returned to Poland where he spent two years making "On the Silver Globe" (1988). After that, Żuławski moved to France where he became known for controversial and violent art-house movies. Żuławski is also known for his work with actresses including Romy Schneider, Isabelle Adjani and Sophie Marceau.
Żuławski died of pancreatic cancer in Warsaw on 17 February 2016. He was aged 75.
Mies Bouwman
Maria Antoinette "Mies" Bouwman (31 December 1929 – 26 February 2018) was a retired Dutch television presenter. She was born in Amsterdam. She started her career on the very first broadcasting evening of the Dutch broadcasting association KRO (Catholic Radio Broadcaster) on 16 October 1951.
Bouwman developed and hosted "Eén van de acht". It was known in the UK as "The Generation Game". She hosted many talk shows, as well as the Dutch version of "This Is Your Life". She stopped her regular work after falling sick but has occasionally returned for special programs.
Bouwman died on 26 February 2018 in Elst, Netherlands of cardiomyopathy at the age of 88.
Ludwig (surname)
Ludwig is German name. It can be a given name for males or a surname. It means "famous warrior".
Casas
Casas may refer to:
Casas de Haro
Casas de Haro is a municipality in Cuenca, Castile-La Mancha, Spain. It has a population of 910.
Casas de los Pinos
Casas de los Pinos is a municipality in Cuenca, Castile-La Mancha, Spain. It has a population of 531.
Casas de Guijarro
Casas de Guijarro is a municipality in Cuenca, Castile-La Mancha, Spain. It has a population of 135.
Casas de Garcimolina
Casas de Garcimolina is a municipality in Cuenca, Castile-La Mancha, Spain. It has a population of 39.
Casas de Fernando Alonso
Casas de Fernando Alonso is a municipality in Cuenca, Castile-La Mancha, Spain. It has a population of 1,405.
Casas de Benítez
Casas de Benítez is a municipality in Cuenca, Castile-La Mancha, Spain. It has a population of 1,118.
Yacouba Sawadogo
Yacouba Sawadogo is a farmer from Burkina Faso, a country in West Africa. He has been using a traditional farming technique called Zaï to help soil damaged by drought. He is notable for spreading an improved soil and water conservation practice in Burkina Faso.
He went to a religious school where the students often didn't have enough to eat. Since he was the smallest and youngest, he was the one who had to go without.
The northern parts of Burkina Faso are very dry and often have droughts. The most recent big drought in happened in the 1970s, resulting in a famine (lack of food) which killed a lot of people.
The drought caused a lot of desertification. There were also other problems like overgrazing, bad land management, and overpopulation. These problems meant that a lot of land could not be used to grow food.
Together with Mathieu Ouédraogo, another local farmer, Yacouba Sawadogo tried different ways of fixing bad soil in about 1980. He uses simple traditional things: cordons pierreux (lines of stones) and zaï holes. Both Sawadogo and Ouédraogo have tried to get other people to do the same things.
Cordons pierreux are thin lines of fist-sized stones laid across fields. They catch water. When rain falls, it pushes silt (special dirt) across top of the field. The rocks slow down the water so it soaks into the ground more. The silt also makes a good place for seeds of local plants to grow. The plants slow the water even more, and their roots break up the soil, so it's easier for more water to soak in.