Ashdod had a population of about 220,000 in 2015, making it the sixth-largest city in Israel. The ratio of women to men is about 1.05 to 1.00. Also, 19.7% of the population was under the age of 10, 15.7% from age 10 to 19, 14.9% from 20 to 29, 19.1% from 30 to 44, 19.1% from 45 to 64, and 11.3% were 65 or older. The population of Ashdod is a lot younger than the Israeli average because there are a lot of young couples in the city.
Over 95% of Ashdod's population is Jewish, even though only about 30% follow their religion. The city is also home to the world's largest Karaite community, with about five thousand members.
The end justifies the means
The end justifies the means is a phrase of Sergey Nechayev, the 19th century Russian revolutionary. It means that if a goal is morally important enough, any method of getting it is acceptable.
The idea is ancient, but it was not meant to justify unnecessary cruelty. It was part of a political philosophy called consequentialism. The basic idea is that a policy can be judged by its outcome. All modern versions of consequentialism have to deal with the limitations necessary to prevent tyrants abusing this idea.
Political philosophy
Political philosophy is the study of politics, liberty, justice, property, and rights. Also the law, and its enforcement (a legal code) by authority. It concerns not the details, but the basic principles, reasons and arguments.
Topics studied include the purpose of government, what rights and freedoms it should protect, what form it should take, and what the law is. Also, what duties citizens owe to a legitimate government, and when it may be legitimately overthrown, if ever.
Political philosophy is a philosophical back-up to political science, which is the social science study of politics.
Courtelary (district)
The district of Courtelary in the Swiss canton of Bern has 18 municipalities in an area of 266 km²:
Reichenbach im Kandertal
Reichenbach im Kandertal is a village and municipality in the administrative district of Frutigen-Niedersimmental in the canton of Berne in Switzerland.
Reisiswil
Reisiswil is a municipality of the administrative district Oberaargau in the canton of Berne in Switzerland.
Renan, Switzerland
Renan is a municipality of the administrative district of Jura bernois in the canton of Berne in Switzerland.
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Model 1857 12-Pounder Napoleon Field Gun
The Model 1857 12-Pounder Napoleon Field Gun, officially called the “light 12-pounder gun” by the United States Army, was the most popular smoothbore cannon used during the American Civil War. The cannon was named after French president and emperor, Napoleon III, nephew of Napoleon Bonaparte.
The French "Canon obusier de campagne de 12 cm, modèle 1853", also known as the "Canon de l’Empereur", was a type of canon-obusier (shell cannon) or gun-howitzer developed in 1853 by the French army. It could fire ball, shell, canister or grapeshot which allowed it to replace all the earlier French cannons. It was of a cast bronze smoothbore design and could double as a howitzer. It was light enough to be pulled by a team of horses. At the same time it had enough firepower to destroy fortifications at a distance of a half-mile (805 meters). When it entered the service of Emperor Napoléon III it was named after him.
In 1857 the design was adopted by the U.S. Army as the light 12-pounder M1857. The Union made 1,156 units while the Confederacy made 501. Because they did not have the manufacturing capacity of the North, Confederates attempted to capture as many Union-made Napoleon 12-pounders as they could. The Confederate army also developed their own version. In 1863, General Robert E. Lee was so impressed by the M1857 that he had all six-pounders in the Army of Northern Virginia gathered up and sent to Richmond to be melted down and re-cast into 12-pounders. The Confederates kept producing 12-pounder Napoleons until the Union army captured the Ducktown copper mines near Chattanooga, Tennessee. This reduced Confederates bronze production. After that Confederate 1857s were cast of iron.
When first model 1857s were cast in Northern foundries they had two handles or "dolphins". After 1861 the dolphins were eliminated, the barrel was shortened from the French version, and it was made lighter. Like most cannons in use at the time, they were muzzleloading weapons. The Model 1857 12-pounder Napoleon with its bronze barrel made up 40% of the cannons on both sides. The U.S. version of the Napoleon could hit a target up to away. However they were most accurate at closer ranges of about . It used a charge of of black powder. The M1857 Napoleon fired a cannonball or canister shot at a speed of 1,440 feet per second (or 439 meters per second). The barrel had a bore of in diameter and was long. The barrel alone weighed . With its gun carriage it weighed and was pulled by a team of six horses. The average gun crew was six men.
Reutigen
Reutigen is a municipality in the administrative district of Thun in the canton of Berne in Switzerland.
Riggisberg
Riggisberg is a municipality in the administrative district of Bern-Mittelland in the canton of Berne in Switzerland.
On January 1, 2009, the municipality of Rüti bei Riggisberg became part of the municipality of Riggisberg.
Ringgenberg
Ringgenberg is a municipality in the administrative district of Interlaken-Oberhasli in the canton of Berne in Switzerland.
It is located on Lake Brienz.
Roches, Switzerland
Roches is a municipality of the administrative district of Jura bernois in the canton of Berne in Switzerland.
Rohrbach, Switzerland
Rohrbach is a municipality in the administrative district of Oberaargau in the Swiss canton of Berne.
Rohrbachgraben
Rohrbachgraben is a municipality in the administrative district of Oberaargau in the canton of Berne in Switzerland.
Glasbach, Liemberg, Ganzenberg, Flückigen, Kaltenegg, Matten, Wald and Wil.
Romont, Bern
Romont is a municipality in the administrative district of Jura bernois in the canton of Berne in Switzerland.
Loa River
The Loa is a U-shaped river in Chile's northern Antofagasta region. It is the longest river of the country and the main river in the Atacama Desert.
The Loa river has a length of , and a drainage basin with an area of approximately .
The Loa river starts on the Andean mountain slopes at the base of the Miño volcano near the Bolivian border, at an elevation of about , in the "comuna" of Ollagüe, Calama, Antofagasta.
The river flows south, for about , to the oasis of San Francisco de Chiu Chiu or simply "Chiu Chiu". Two left tributaries joints the Lao river in this part the riverː
From Chiu Chiu, the Loa flows to the west, running through the city of Calama. The San Salvador river joints the Loa in this part of course as its only important right tributary.
Then the Loa flows north for about to Quillagua, an oasis in the "comuna" of María Elena, Tocopilla province in the Antofagasta region of northern Chile. The Loa is crossed by the Pan-American Highway in this area.
From Quillagua, the river turns westward again and marks the border between the regions of Tarapacá and Antofagasta. Finally, the Loa flows in the Pacific Ocean.
Because the Loa river flows throug a very arid region, a desert, there are very few permanent tributaries; they areː
Rajesh Hamal
"Rajesh Hamal" (also Known as Mahanayak) is a Nepali actor. He is known for his Nepali films, such as Hami Teen Bhai, Basanti, Bagmati,etc.
Sarlahi
one of the seventy-five districts of Nepal.
Nepal Standard Time
Nepal Standard Time (NPT) is the time zone for Nepal. With a time offset from Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) of , all over Nepal Standard Time is one of only three time zones with a 45-minute offset from
UTC. (The others are Chatham Island Standard Time, with an offset of , and the
unofficial Australian Central Western Time, with an offset of .) NPT is an approximation of Kathmandu mean time, which is 5:41:16 ahead of
UTC.