In 1994, he received the Grand Prize of the "Salón del Cómic de Barcelona". In 2001 he received the "Medalla de Oro al Mérito en las Bellas Artes" ("Gold Medal for Contributions to the Fine Arts"). He received the "Premios Notario del Humor" 2008 from the University of Alicante.
Pulgarcito
Pulgarcito (Spanish for "Tom Thumb") was a weekly illustrated magazine in Spain. It was published by Editorial Bruguera. It was first named "El Gato Negro". It had a black cat as its logo from June 1921 to 1986.
"Pulgarcito" had short stories, articles, pastimes, and jokes, with only a few comic strips. Economic difficulties caused by the Spanish Civil War led to only 13 issues being published between 1945 and 1947. It was brought back after 1952. It had with more space given to comic strips when it returned. It also had a new set of new comic characters, including:
Both Ibáñez and Jan worked on "Pulgarcito" during its last years. With the demise of the Editorial Bruguera publishing house, "Pulgarcito" was discontinued.
Shapeshifting
Shapeshifting is the act of being able to change into another being or form. The idea of shapeshifting has been around since the Middle Ages. It has been used in literature and epic poems, including works such as "Peleus and Thetis" and the "Iliad". The trend of shapeshifting is still being done today. It is a theme in children's literature, and works of popular culture.
Don L. Anderson
Don Lynn Anderson (March 5, 1933 – December 2, 2014) was an American geophysicist. Anderson’s work was about seismology, solid state physics, geochemistry and petrology to explain how the Earth works. Anderson was born in Frederick, Maryland.
Anderson died of cancer in Cambria, California, aged 81.
Norman Bridwell
Norman Bridwell (February 15, 1928 – December 12, 2014) was an American author, cartoonist, and philanthropist. He was best known for creating "Clifford the Big Red Dog". Bridwell was born in Kokomo, Indiana.
Bridwell died on December 12, 2014 of heart failure at the age of 86 in Edgartown, Massachusetts.
Treaty of Waitangi
The Treaty of Waitangi, , was a treaty that was signed on 6 February 1840 at Waitangi, New Zealand. It was signed by European settlers and by Māori chiefs. It is widely considered to be a founding document of New Zealand. The Treaty of Waitangi marked the start of the official domination of New Zealand by Great Britain. The legal status and modern relevance of the treaty has been at a disagreement for a long time. The day on which the Treaty of Waitangi was signed, 6 February, is the National Day of New Zealand.
Priscilla Morrill
Priscilla Morrill (June 4, 1927 – November 9, 1994) was an American actress. She was well known for playing Edie Grant on "The Mary Tyler Moore Show". She also played Elaine Hogan on the TV show "Family".
Morrill was born in Boston, Massachusetts. She died from complications of a kidney infection in Los Angeles at age 67.
Stuart Little (movie)
Stuart Little is a 1999 American Family comedy movie. It was directed by Rob Minkoff and was produced by Douglas Wick. "Stuart Little" was released on December 17, 1999. The movie is loosely based on the E. B. White novel, "Stuart Little".
The movie gained positive reviews from critics and holds a 66% "Fresh" rating on Rotten Tomatoes. "Stuart Little" was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Visual Effects, but it lost to "The Matrix". The movie spawned a sequel in 2002 titled "Stuart Little 2", a short-lived TV show "" in 2003, and another sequel in 2006, "" which went direct-to-video.
The movie was both Estelle Getty's last movie before she retired in 2000 as well as her last movie before her death in 2008.
Insulated glazing
Insulated glazing, otherwise known as double glazing or triple glazing, refers to the layers of glass in a window. A double glazed window is two panes of glass (also called a lite) with a sealed air (or gas) space in the middle. The edges are sealed together with an air-tight spacer. This is used so that heat cannot escape through the air space by conduction or convection. Heat radiation is not affected as it can travel through a vacuum space. To increase the R-value of insulated windows are sealed with argon gas.
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Louis Henri, Duke of Bourbon
Louis Henri de Bourbon, Duke of Bourbon, Prince of Condé (Louis Henri Joseph; 18 August 1692 – 27 January 1740) was head of the Prince of Condé and a cousin of the then reigning House of Bourbon from 1710 to his death, and served as prime minister to his kinsman Louis XV from 1723 to 1726.
Despite succeeding as head of the House of Condé in 1709, he never used that name, preferring the title "Duke of Bourbon", and was known at court as "Monsieur le Duc". As a member of the reigning House of Bourbon, he was a "Prince of the blood".
On 9 July 1713 at Versailles, he married Marie Anne de Bourbon who died in 1720. Marie Anne was the eldest daughter of Marie Thérèse de Bourbon and her husband, François Louis, Prince de Conti. The couple had no children.
Secondly on 23 July 1728 he married Caroline of Hesse-Rotenburg and they had one son;
Fourth wall
The fourth wall is the imaginary "wall" at the front of the stage in a traditional three-walled theatre. In a theatre, the fourth wall is the one through which the audience sees the action of the play. The idea of the fourth wall was made famous by philosopher and critic Denis Diderot. It was used more in the 19th century. The fourth wall extended the idea of an imaginary boundary between any fictional work and its audience.
If an actor speaks directly to the audience, does something to the audience, or even simply notices the audience, it is known as "breaking the fourth wall". In a movie, or on television, this can be done by the actor speaking directly to the camera. This breaks a boundary normally set up or assumed by works of fiction. It is known as a metafictional technique. In literature and video games, it happens when a character acknowledges the reader or player.
The fourth wall is not the same as a soliloquy. A soliloquy is a dramatic device used by playwrights where the character on stage gives a monologue which gives the audience insight into their thoughts.
The acceptance of the transparency of the fourth wall is part of the suspension of disbelief between a fictional work and an audience. It allows them to enjoy the fiction as if they were observing real events. Although the critic Vincent Canby described it in 1987 as "that invisible scrim that forever separates the audience from the stage".
The metaphor of the fourth wall has been used by the actor Sir Ian McKellen to describe the work of the painter L. S. Lowry:
"... stood across the road from his subjects and observed. Often enough there are a number of individuals in a crowd peering back at him. They invite us momentarily into their world, like characters on a stage sometimes do, breaking the fourth-wall illusion."
McKellen said that "Lowry’s mid-air viewpoint is like a view from the dress circle", looking down as if to a stage. And, McKellen argues, Lowry "often marks the limits of the street scene with curbstones or a pavement that feel like the edge of the stage where the footlights illuminate the action."
The metaphor of the fourth wall has been used by literary critic David Barnett to "The Harvard Lampoon"'s parody of "The Lord of the Rings". He says a character breaks the rules of storytelling by referring to the text itself. The character Frodo observes "it was going to be a long epic", which in Barnett's view "breaks the fourth wall.
Woody Allen broke the fourth wall several times in his movie "Annie Hall". Allen explained, "because I felt many of the people in the audience had the same feelings and the same problems. I wanted to talk to them directly and confront them."
"Akira Kurosawa" also broke the fourth wall at the end of his neorealistic drama "One Wonderful Sunday".