Isaac Newton worked out that resultant force equals mass times acceleration, or in symbols, formula_1. This can be re-arranged to give formula_2.
The bigger the mass of the falling object, the greater the force of gravitational attraction pulling it towards Earth. In the equation above, this is formula_3. However, the amount of times the force gets bigger or smaller is equal to the number of times the mass gets bigger or smaller, having the ratio remain constant. In every situation, the formula_4 cancels down to the uniform acceleration of around 9.8 m/s. This means that, regardless of their mass, all freely falling objects accelerate at the same rate.
Consider the following examples:
formula_5
formula_6
Depending on the location, an object at the surface of Earth falls with an acceleration between .
Earth is not exactly spherical. It is similar to a "squashed" sphere, with the radius at the equator slightly larger than the radius at the poles. This has the effect of slightly increasing gravitational acceleration at the poles (since we are close to the centre of Earth and the gravitational force depends on distance) and slightly decreasing it at the equator. Also, because of centripetal acceleration, the acceleration due to gravity is slightly less at the equator than at the poles. Changes in the density of rock under the ground or the presence of mountains nearby can affect gravitational acceleration slightly.
The acceleration of an object changes with altitude. The change in gravitational acceleration with distance from the centre of Earth follows an inverse-square law. This means that gravitational acceleration is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from the centre of Earth. As the distance is doubled, the gravitational acceleration decreases by a factor of 4. As the distance is tripled, the gravitational acceleration decreases by a factor of 9, and so on.
At the surface of the Earth, the acceleration due to gravity is roughly . The average distance to the centre of the Earth is .
Using the constant formula_10, we can work out gravitational acceleration at a certain altitude.
Example: Find the acceleration due to gravity above Earth's surface.
∴ Distance from centre of Earth is .
∴ Acceleration due to gravity above Earth's surface is .
Gravitational acceleration at the Kármán line, the boundary between Earth's atmosphere and outer space which lies at an altitude of , is only about 3% lower than at sea level.
Pope Anastasius IV
Pope Anastasius IV (; c.1073–3 December 1154), born Corrado di Suburra, was an Italian cleric of the Roman Catholic Church. He was the 169th Pope from 1153 until his death in 1154.
Corrado di Suburra was born in Rome. He was son of Benedetto di Suburra.
In 1127, della Suburra was made cardinal-bishop of Sabina.
Anastasius was elected pope in July 1153. He is known for helping to settle a controversy between the Holy Roman Emperor and the Bishop of Magdeburg in Germany.
The Pantheon in Rome was restored while he was pope.
The pope died on 3 December 1154.
WWE 2K
WWE 2K series is a series of video games that are developed by Yuke's and Visual Concepts and are published by 2K Sports. The video games are based on the professional wrestling company WWE.
The series was first known as "WWF/WWE SmackDown!" from 2000 to 2004 and then was changed to "WWE SmackDown vs. Raw" in 2004. The title was changed to simply "WWE" in 2011 with the release of WWE '12. The "WWE" title was used for WWE '12 and WWE '13 and was changed to "WWE 2K" when Take Two Interactive acquired the publishing rights for the series from THQ. In Japan, the series was known as "Exciting Pro Wrestling" until 2005. The series has gained positive reviews over the years and is one of the best-selling video game franchises.
The series was published by THQ from 2000 to 2013 before THQ filed for bankruptcy on December 19, 2012. THQ's assets were auctioned off and the WWE video game's publishing rights were acquired by Take Two Interactive (Parent company of 2K Games).
Jerry Nelson
Jerry L. Nelson (July 10, 1934 – August 23, 2012) was an American puppeteer. He was best known for his work with "The Muppets". He was known for his wide range of characters and singing abilities. He performed Muppet characters on "Sesame Street", "The Muppet Show", "Fraggle Rock", and various Muppet movies and specials.
Nelson was born in Tulsa, Oklahoma. He worked as a puppeteer from 1965 until 2011. He died on August 23, 2012 from complications of prostate cancer in Cape Cod, Massachusetts. Nelson also suffered emphysema and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). He was 78 years old.
James Cromwell
James Oliver Cromwell (born January 27, 1940) is an American movie and television actor. He is mostly known for his roles in "Babe", for which he earned a nomination for an Academy Award of Best Supporting Actor, "Star Trek: First Contact", "L.A. Confidential", "The Green Mile", "The Sum of All Fears", "The Artist", "Big Hero 6" and "". Cromwell is also known for his television role in "Six Feet Under" that ran from 2003 until 2005. He has been nominated for an Academy Award, three Emmy Awards, and four Screen Actors Guild Awards during his 39 year career.
Cromwell is also known for his height which is 6 ft and 7 in., this makes Cromwell the tallest actor to receive an Academy Award nomination. Cromwell won his first Emmy Award in 2013.
Cromwell was born on January 27, 1940 in Los Angeles, California to Kay Johnson and John Cromwell. He was raised in Manhattan, New York. Cromwell was educated at Middlebury College and at Carnegie Mellon University.
Cromwell was married to Anne Ulvestad from 1976 until they divorced in 1986, they had three children. Lastly he married Julie Cobb from 1986 until they divorced in 2005. He currently lives in Studio City, Los Angeles, California.
He supported the presidential campaign of Bernie Sanders in the 2016 U.S. presidential election.
Ralph McQuarrie
Ralph Angus McQuarrie (June 13, 1929 – March 3, 2012) was an American costume designer and illustrator who designed the original "Star Wars" trilogy, the original "Battlestar Galactica" TV series, "E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial" and "Cocoon", for which he won an Academy Award.
McQuarrie was born on June 13, 1929 in Gary, Indiana, a suburb close to Chicago, Illinois. He was raised in Billings, Montana. He was educated at the Art Center School. McQuarrie was married to Joan Benjamin from 1983 until his death in 2012. McQuarrie died on March 3, 2012 in Berkeley, California from Parkinson's disease, he was 82 years old.
Bernard Lovell
Sir Alfred Charles Bernard Lovell, OBE, FRS (31 August 1913 – 6 August 2012) was an English physicist and radio astronomer. He was the first Director of Jodrell Bank Observatory, from 1945 until 1980. Lovell is mostly known for his works in astronomy. Lovell was knighted in 1961, later becoming "Sir".
Lovell was born on August 31, 1913 in Oldland Common, Bristol, England to Gilbert and to Luara Lovell. Lovell was educated at King's Oak Academy. Lovell was never married and had no children.
Lovell died on August 6, 2012 in Swettenham, Cheshire, England from natural causes, he was just 25 days short from his 99th birthday, he was 98 years old.
Superman Returns
Superman Returns is a 2006 superhero movie. It is based on the DC Comics superhero Superman and his archenemy Lex Luthor. The movie was directed by Bryan Singer. It was produced by Bryan Singer, Gilbert Adler, and Jon Peters.
The movie stars include Brandon Routh, Kevin Spacey, Kate Bosworth, James Marsden, Parker Posey, Frank Langella, Sam Huntington, Eva Marie Saint, Kal Penn, and James Karen (deleted scenes).
It also includes a computer-generated image scene of Marlon Brando, who died in 2004. "Superman Returns" was released on June 28, 2006. The movie used John Williams' original score from the original movie.
Ba'ath Party