Before the American Revolutionary War in the American colonies, gunsmithing was a time-consuming process. Gunsmiths were generally gun makers who repaired their own weapons for their customers. These gunmakers came to the American colonies along with other craftsmen from England, and later from Germany and Switzerland. These were countries with long histories of gun making. Gunsmiths learned their trade by becoming an apprentice to an established gunsmith or gun maker. They worked from their adolescence into early adulthood before they could open a shop of their own. Handguns were relatively cheap and were made in large shops in England. So American gunsmiths repaired and modified imported pistols. However, muskets and rifles were not imported as much and local gunsmiths would custom make these for their customers. Their work included carving stocks, engraving metal pieces, and forging gun barrels. It could take as many as 400 hours to create guns by hand. Soon entirely new guns were created such as the Pennsylvania rifle (later called the "Kentucky rifle"). This was the product of German gunsmiths who immigrated to Pennsylvania in the early 18th century. It was lighter, longer and more accurate than European designs. The rifle soon became the favorite of colonial settlers and Frontiersmen.
About the middle of the 18th century, gunsmith Honoré Blanc developed the concept of interchangeable parts for muskets. Blanc tried to interest other European gunsmiths, but they were not impressed by the idea. But he did interest the American Ambassador to France, Thomas Jefferson. Jefferson quickly saw that mass production of weapons parts would free America from dependence on European sources for parts. He could not get Blanc to move to the United States but he did convince President George Washington it was a good idea. In 1798, Eli Whitney got the first contract for 12,000 muskets built under the new system. Whitney used a large force of unskilled workers and machinery to produce standardized identical parts at a low cost. This was about the time Gun manufacturers began to be distinguished from gunsmiths.
Long a part of American history and culture, gunsmithing is an occupation with a long history. Today, the way to become a gunsmith is to attend a gunsmithing school or take gunsmithing classes. There are several gunsmithing schools in the US and also online schools.
The following schools are accredited by the National Rifle Association:
Additional schools include:
In the United Kingdom, there are gunsmithing schools. Another path to becoming a gunsmith is through apprenticeship. At times, larger gun makers or repairers may take on someone to learn the trade. These positions are not usually advertised and are often discovered by word of mouth or through friends or family. Smaller gunmakers and gunsmiths cannot usually afford to take on an apprentice.
Mehmet Topal
Mehmet Topal (born 3 March 1986) is a Turkish football player. He plays for Fenerbahçe and Turkey national team.
Binali Yıldırım
Binali Yıldırım (born 20 December 1954) is a Turkish politician who was the 27th Prime Minister of Turkey and the leader of the Justice and Development Party (AKP) from May 2016 to 2018. He was the Minister of Transport, Maritime and Communication from 2002 to 2013 and again between 2015 and 2016. Between 2014 and 2015, he served as Senior Advisor to President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan.
Arrondissement of Montmorillon
The arrondissement of Montmorillon is an arrondissement of France, in the Vienne department, Nouvelle-Aquitaine region. Its capital is the city of Montmorillon.
When the Vienne department was created on 1800, the "arrondissement" of Montmorillon was part of that original department.
The "arrondissement" of Montmorillon is in southern Vienne and is bordered to the north by the other two "arrondissements" of the departmentː Poitiers to the nortwest and Châtellerault to the northeast. The "arrondissement" is also surrounded by the Indre department to the east, the Haute-Vienne department to the southeast, the Charente to the south and the Deux-Sèvres department to the west.
It has an area of . It has 74,852 inhabitants and a density of inhabitants/km². It is the "arrondissement" of Vienne with fewest people in it but is the one with the largest area.
After the reorganisation of the cantons in France, cantons are not subdivisions of the "arrondissements" so they could have "communes" that belong to different "arrondissements".
In the "arrondissement" of Montmorillon, there are 2 cantons whose "communes" are in the "arrondissement": Civray and Lussac-les-Châteaux. The following table shows the distribution of the "communes" in the cantons and "arrondissements":
The "arrondissement" of Montmorillon has 95 "communes"; they are (with their INSEE codes)ː
List of programs broadcast by Playhouse Disney
This is a list of television programs broadcast by Playhouse Disney in the United States, now known as Disney Junior.
Arrondissement of Poitiers
The arrondissement of Poitiers is an arrondissement of France, in the Vienne department, Nouvelle-Aquitaine region. Its capital is the city of Poitiers.
When the Vienne department was created on 1800, the "arrondissement" of Poitiers was part of that original department.
The "arrondissement" of Poitiers is in western Vienne and is bordered to the north and northeast by the "arrondissement" Châtellerault, to east and south by the "arrondissement" Montmorillon, and to the west by the Deux-Sèvres department.
It has an area of . It has 246,038 inhabitants and a density of inhabitants/km². It is the "arrondissement" of Vienne with more people living in it but is the one with the smallest area.
After the reorganisation of the cantons in France, cantons are not subdivisions of the "arrondissements" so they could have "communes" that belong to different "arrondissements".
In the "arrondissement" of Poitiers, there are 8 cantons whose "communes" are in the "arrondissement": Chasseneuil-du-Poitou, Migné-Auxances, Poitiers-1, Poitiers-2, Poitiers-3, Poitiers-4, Poitiers-5, Vivonne and Vouneuil-sous-Biard. The following table shows the distribution of the "communes" in the cantons and "arrondissements":
The "arrondissement" of Poitiers has 87 "communes"; they are (with their INSEE codes)ː
Ozan Tufan
Ozan Tufan (born 23 March 1995) is a Turkish football player. He plays for Fenerbahçe and Turkey national team.
Jura bernois (administrative district)
The administrative district of Jura bernois in the canton of Bern has 49 municipalities in an area of 541.75 km².
Ashton Gate Stadium
Ashton Gate Stadium is the home of Bristol City F.C. and the Bristol Bears RFC.
Its capacity is 27,000. The ground was renovated in 2014 which increased the number of seats by 6000.
Door bolt
A door bolt is a type of lock that is used to keep doors shut. They are often fastened with padlocks for extra security.
Armorer
A modern armorer is someone whose job is repairing, assembling and testing of small arms. Originally, an armorer was a person who created armor for medieval knights and noblemen. Today an armorer is someone who belongs to an organization such as the police or military and who maintains guns and weapons belonging to that organization. An armorer keeps these weapons in top working condition always ready for trouble-free use in the field. By doing this an armorer extends the service life of these weapons at minimum cost to the organization. A failure of a weapon in a crucial situation could cost lives. Their job is similar (but not the same) as that of a civilian gunsmith.