Nikolay Dmitrievich Kovalyov (; 6 August 1949 – 5 April 2019) was a Russian politician. He was a member of United Russia. He was also a member of the State Duma. He was chairman of the Duma's Veterans' Committee. He was the Director of the Federal Security Service (FSB) from July 1996 to July 1998. Vladimir Putin took on the role of director after him. Kovalyov was born in Moscow.
Kovalyov died after a long illness on 5 April 2019 in Moscow. He was 69.
Nikolay Kovalev
Nikolay Kovalev may refer to:
Gresham College
Gresham College is an institution of higher learning in London. It does not enroll students and does not award any degrees. It was founded in 1597 under the will of Sir Thomas Gresham.
The College gives over 140 free public lectures every year. Since 2001, all lectures have also been made available online.
There seven original Gresham College Professorships that date back to the origins of the college. They are in Astronomy, Divinity, Geometry, Law, Music, Physic and Rhetoric.
These subjects reflect the curriculum of the medieval university (the trivium and quadrivium).
The college played an important role in the Enlightenment and in the formation of the Royal Society. Early distinguished Gresham College professors included Christopher Wren, who lectured on astronomy in the 17th century, and Robert Hooke, who was Professor of Geometry from 1665 until 1704.
The professors received £50 a year. The terms of their position were very precise, for example: :"The geometrician is to read as followeth, every Trinity term arithmetique, in Michaelmas and Hilary terms theoretical geometry, in Easter term practical geometry. The astronomy reader is to read in his solemn lectures, first the principles of the sphere, and the theory of the planets, and the use of the astrolabe and the staff, and other common instruments for the capacity of mariners."
Today three further Professorships have been added to take account of areas not otherwise covered by the original Professorships:
The professors currently hold their positions for three years, extendable for a fourth year. They give six lectures a year. There are also visiting professors appointed to give series of lectures at the College. There are a number of single-lecture speakers.
The lectures are often given in the Museum of London, which has a bigger lecture room than the College.
Edmund Gunter
Edmund Gunter (1581 – 10 December 1626) was an English clergyman, mathematician, geometer and astronomer of Welsh descent.
He is best remembered for his practical inventions for measurement. These include the Gunter's chain, Gunter's quadrant, and the Gunter's scale. In 1620, he invented the first successful analogue device which he developed to calculate logarithmic tangents. These inventions are related to the main practical maths interests of England at that time. These were maritime navigation, land surveying and accounting.
Gunter was taught mathematics by Henry Briggs. He became a Gresham Professor of Astronomy, from 1619 until his death. Gunter invented the terms cosine and cotangent,
Gunter’s scale (called by seamen "the Gunter") is a large plane scale, usually 2 ft. long by about 1½ in. broad, and engraved with various lines of numbers. By means of this scale questions in navigation, trigonometry etc. are solved with the aid of a pair of compasses.
The slide rule was invented around 1620–1630, shortly after John Napier's publication of the concept of the logarithm. In 1620 Gunter developed his calculating device with a single logarithmic scale. With additional measuring tools it could be used to multiply and divide. In c. 1622, William Oughtred of Cambridge combined two handheld Gunter rules to make a device that is the modern slide rule.
Gunter's chain was in common use in surveying up to modern times. It is 22 yards long and is divided into 100 links. Its usefulness comes from its decimal division, and the fact that 10 square chains make an acre. It folds up in sections, and is carried by the surveyor.
His quadrant of 1623 was used for tell the time, find the length of day, when the sun had risen and set, the date, and the meridian. It used scales and curves of the quadrant and related tables. Gunter's quadrant was fairly simple, and was widely used in the 17th and 18th centuries.
This instrument is used to find the hour of the day, the sun’s azimuth, and other common problems of the globe, and also to take the altitude of an object in degrees. These things are needed by ships on long voyages, and on long overland excursions.
Like his contemporary at Cambridge, Isaac Newton, Oughtred taught his ideas privately to his students. Also like Newton, he became involved in a controversy over priority (who invented what and when). This involved his one-time student Richard Delamain. Oughtred's ideas were only made public in publications of his student William Forster in 1632 and 1653.
Melvin Van Peebles
Melvin Van Peebles (born August 21, 1932) is an American movie maker, actor, novelist and composer. He is the father of actor Mario Van Peebles.
Melvin Van Peebles created and acted in the blaxploitation movie "Sweet Sweetback's Baadasssss Song" in 1971. He also acted in many other movies from the 1970s to the 2010s. His first Hollywood movie was "Watermelon Man" in 1970.
Van Peebles was born in Chicago, Illinois.
Damon Wayans Jr.
Damon Wayans Jr. (born November 18, 1982) is an American actor, comedian and writer. In the sitcom "Happy Endings", he was nominated for a Critics' Choice Television Award for Best Supporting Actor in a Comedy Series. He played Brad Williams in the show.
Wayans is the son of actor and comedian Damon Wayans Sr.
As a child, Wayans was in the comedy movie "Blankman" in 1994. In 2009, he played Thomas Uncles in the movie "Dance Flick".
Wayans was born in Huntington, Vermont.
Michael Ironside
Frederick Reginald Ironside, known as Michael Ironside (born February 12, 1950) is a Canadian actor, voice actor, movie director, movie producer and screenwriter for both movies and television. He is best-known for playing tough guys and villains. He has also played sympathetic characters.
Ironside played Richter in the 1990 science fiction movie "Total Recall". In 1997 he played Lieutenant Jean Rasczak in "Starship Troopers". In 2011 he played the Captain of the 7th Fleet in "".
Ironside did voice acting in "" and its sequel "Justice League".
Ironside was born in Toronto, Ontario.
Phonograph cylinder
Phonograph cylinders were the earliest commercial method for recording and reproducing sound.
They were commonly known simply as "records" in their era of greatest popularity (c. 1896–1915). They were hollow cylindrical objects with an audio recording engraved on the outside surface. The sound can be reproduced when they are played on a mechanical cylinder phonograph. In the 1910s, the competing disc record system became the more popular commercial audio medium.
Some of the cylinders and their recoreders can be found in local museums.
Olli Mäki
Olli Mäki (22 December 1936 – 6 April 2019) was a Finnish boxer. As an amateur, he won the European lightweight title in 1959. Before this, he placed second in 1957. He was dropped from the 1960 Olympic team. After this, he became professional. He fought until 1973 as a pro, with a record of 28 victories, 14 losses and 8 draws. He lost in two rounds to Davey Moore in 1962. In retirement, Mäki worked as a boxing coach and manager. The movie, "The Happiest Day in the Life of Olli Mäki" (2016), is based on his life. He was born in Kokkola.
On 6 April 2019, Mäki died of problems caused by Alzheimer's disease in Kirkkonummi. He was 82.
Shawn Smith
Shawn Smith (October 28, 1965 – April 3, 2019) was an American singer-songwriter and musician. He began his career in 1991.He was a vocalist of the bands Brad, Satchel and Pigeonhed. He was also a solo artist.