Arnaldo Tamayo Méndez (born January 29, 1942) is a Cuban military officer, legislator, and former cosmonaut. He was the first person of African heritage in space.
As a member of the crew of Soyuz 38, he became the first Cuban citizen, the first Latin American, and the first person from a country in the Western Hemisphere other than the United States to travel into Earth orbit.
Vaporization
Vaporization is a phase change from liquid to vapor. There are two types of vaporization: evaporation and boiling.
Evaporation is a phase change from liquid to vapour. Evaporation happens below the boiling point of a substance at a given pressure. Evaporation happens on a surface.
Boiling is also a phase change from liquid to gas. Boiling takes place when the vapor pressure of the substance is greater than or equal to the pressure of its environment. The temperature at which a substance boils is called the boiling point.
Richard H. Truly
Richard Harrison Truly (born November 12, 1937) is a retired Vice Admiral in the United States Navy. He was the eighth Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) from 1989 to 1992. He was the first former astronaut to head the space agency.
Daniel Goldin
Daniel Saul Goldin (born July 23, 1940) is an American astronaut. He was the 9th and longest-tenured Administrator of NASA from April 1, 1992, to November 17, 2001. He was appointed by President George H. W. Bush and also served under Presidents Bill Clinton and George W. Bush.
Barbara Morgan
Barbara Radding Morgan (born November 28, 1951) is an American teacher and a former NASA astronaut. She participated in the Teacher in Space program as backup to Christa McAuliffe for the 1986 ill-fated STS-51-L mission of the Space Shuttle "Challenger".
She then trained as a Mission Specialist, and flew on STS-118 in August 2007.
Peter Billingsley
Peter Billingsley (born April 16, 1971), also known as Peter Michaelsen and Peter Billingsley-Michaelsen, is an American actor, director, and producer.
He is best known for his role as Ralphie Parker in the 1983 movie "A Christmas Story", Jack Simmons in "The Dirt Bike Kid", Billy in "Death Valley", and as Messy Marvin in the Hershey's chocolate syrup commercials during the 1980s.
Fritz Strassmann
Friedrich Wilhelm "Fritz" Strassmann (22 February 1902 – 22 April 1980) was a German chemist. In 1939, he worked with Otto Hahn, to find out that barium was a product of the bombardment of uranium with neutrons.
William P. Rogers
William Pierce Rogers (June 23, 1913 – January 2, 2001) was an American politician, diplomat, and lawyer. He was United States Attorney General under President Dwight D. Eisenhower from 1957 to 1961 and United States Secretary of State under President Richard Nixon from 1969 to 1973.
Rogers died of congestive heart failure, at the Suburban Hospital in Bethesda, Maryland, on January 2, 2001, at the age of 87.
Norfolk, New York
Norfolk is a town in St. Lawrence County in the U.S. state of New York. The population was 4,668 at the 2010 census.
Rogers Commission Report
The Rogers Commission Report was created by a Presidential Commission charged with investigating the Space Shuttle "Challenger" disaster during its 10th mission, STS-51-L.
The report, released and submitted to President Ronald Reagan on 9 June 1986, both determined the cause of the disaster that took place 73 seconds after liftoff, and urged NASA to improve and install new safety features on the shuttles and in its organizational handling of future missions.
Joe Sutter
Joseph Frederick Sutter (March 21, 1921 – August 30, 2016) was an American engineer for the Boeing Airplane Company and manager of the design team for the Boeing 747 under Malcolm T. Stamper. "Smithsonian Air and Space Magazine" has described Sutter as the "father of the 747".
Alton G. Keel Jr.
Alton Gold Keel Jr. (born September 15, 1943) is an American engineer, diplomat, and businessman. He was born in Hampton, Virginia.
In July 1986, President Ronald Reagan appointed Keel as the acting principal deputy to the National Security Advisor. From 1987-89, Keel was the United States Permanent Representative to NATO.
Donald J. Kutyna
General Donald Joseph Kutyna (born December 6, 1933) is a retired United States Air Force officer. He was born in Chicago.
He was commander in chief of the North American Aerospace Defense Command and the United States Space Command from 1990 to 1992, and commander of Air Force Space Command at Peterson Air Force Base, Colorado from 1987 to 1990.
Gene Porter Bridwell
Gene Porter Bridwell (born October 4, 1935) is an American NASA official. He was the seventh director of the NASA Marshall Space Flight Center located in Huntsville, Alabama. He was director from January 6, 1994 to February 3, 1996. Bridwell was born in Linton, Indiana.
William R. Lucas
William Ronald Lucas (born March 1, 1922) is an American NASA official and chemist. He was the fourth Director of the NASA Marshall Space Flight Center. He was director from June 15, 1974 to July 3, 1986. Lucas was born in Newbern, Tennessee.
Newbern, Tennessee
Newbern is a town in Dyer County, Tennessee. As of the 2010 census, the town population was 3,313.
Dyersburg, Tennessee
Dyersburg is a city and the county seat of Dyer County, Tennessee, in the United States. It is located in northwest Tennessee, northeast of Memphis on the Forked Deer River. The population was 17,145 at the 2010 census.
Rick Husband
Rick Douglas Husband (July 12, 1957 – February 1, 2003) (Colonel, USAF) was an American astronaut and fighter pilot. He traveled into space twice: as Pilot of STS-96 and Commander of STS-107. He and the rest of the crew of STS-107 were killed when "Columbia" disintegrated during reentry into the Earth's atmosphere.
William C. McCool
William Cameron "Willie" McCool (September 23, 1961 – February 1, 2003) (Cmdr, USN) was an American naval officer and aviator, test pilot, aeronautical engineer, and NASA astronaut.
He was the pilot of Space Shuttle "Columbia" mission STS-107. He and the rest of the crew of STS-107 were killed when "Columbia" disintegrated during re-entry into the atmosphere. He was the youngest male member of the crew. McCool was posthumously awarded the Congressional Space Medal of Honor.
Michael P. Anderson
Michael Phillip Anderson (December 25, 1959 – February 1, 2003) was a United States Air Force officer and NASA astronaut. Anderson and his six fellow crew members were killed in the Space Shuttle "Columbia" disaster when the craft disintegrated during its re-entry into the Earth's atmosphere.
David M. Brown
David McDowell Brown (April 16, 1956 – February 1, 2003) was a United States Navy captain and a NASA astronaut. He died on his first spaceflight, when the Space Shuttle "Columbia" (STS-107) disintegrated during orbital reentry into the Earth's atmosphere.
Brown became an astronaut in 1996, but had not served on a space mission prior to the "Columbia" disaster. Brown was posthumously awarded the Congressional Space Medal of Honor.
Laurel Clark
Laurel Blair Clark (née Salton; March 10, 1961 – February 1, 2003) was an American medical doctor, United States Navy Captain, NASA astronaut and Space Shuttle mission specialist.
Clark died along with her six fellow crew members in the Space Shuttle "Columbia" disaster.
Wakarusa, Indiana
Wakarusa is a town in Harrison and Olive townships in Elkhart County, Indiana, United States. The population was 1,758 at the 2010 census.
Károly Fatér
Károly Fatér (9 April 1940 – 19 September 2020) was a Hungarian footballer. He was born in Veszprém County. He competed at the 1968 Summer Olympics in Mexico City, where he won a gold medal with the Hungarian team.
Fatér died on 19 September 2020 in Budapest, aged 80.
Steve Smith (pole vaulter)