Around eighty percent of congressmen are district representatives, representing a particular geographical area. There are 234 legislative districts in the country.
The House of Representatives is headed by the Speaker, currently Alan Peter Cayetano.
Speaker of the House of Representatives of the Philippines
The Speaker of the House of Representatives of the Philippines () is the presiding officer and the highest-ranking official of the lower house of Congress, the House of Representatives as well as the fourth highest and most powerful official of the Government of the Philippines.
The Speaker is elected by a majority of all of the Representatives from among themselves. The Speaker is the third and last in line in succession for the presidency, after the President of the Senate of the Philippines, and Vice President of the Philippines.
Currently there are six living former Speakers of the House:
"Legend:" A person's name in boldface means that the person is an actively serving Member of the House of Representatives.
Feliciano Belmonte Jr.
Fernando Feliciano "Sonny" Racimo Belmonte Jr. (born October 2, 1936) is a member of the House of Representatives of the Philippines representing the Fourth District of Quezon City. He is also the Speaker of the House of Representatives of the Philippines from 2010 to 2016. He served as the Mayor of Quezon City from 2001 to 2010.
Belmonte was a member of the Manila Jaycees, the Rotary Club of Manila and the Knights of Rizal. He was also Junior Chamber International World President in 1976.
Jose de Venecia Jr.
Jose Claveria de Venecia Jr. (born December 26, 1936) is a former Speaker of the House of Representatives of the Philippines serving from 1992 to 1998 and from 2001 to 2008. He ran for president in the 1998 election but lost to Vice President Joseph Estrada, finishing second among 11 candidates.
Pantaleon Alvarez
Pantaleon "Bebot" Diaz Alvarez (born January 10, 1958) is a Filipino politician. He was the Speaker of the House of Representatives of the Philippines from 2016 to 2018 and represents the 1st District of Davao del Norte, the Philippines.
From 2001 to 2002, he was acting Secretary of Transportation and Communications. He is a supporter of President Rodrigo Duterte.
Supreme Court of the Philippines
The Supreme Court of the Philippines (; colloquially referred to as "Korte Suprema") is the highest court in the Philippines.
It is presided over by a Chief Justice and is made of fifteen (15) Justices, including the Chief Justice. It follows the Constitution, the Supreme Court has "administrative supervision over all courts and the personnel thereof".
Congress of the Philippines
The Congress of the Philippines () is the national legislature of the Philippines. It is made of the Senate (upper chamber), and the House of Representatives (lower chamber). although in the Philippines the term congress commonly refers to just the latter.
The Senate is made of 24 senators half of which are elected every three years. The House of Representatives is currently made of 297 congressmen.
A regular session can last until thirty days before the opening of its next regular session in the succeeding year. The President may, however, call special sessions which are usually held between regular legislative sessions to handle emergencies or urgent matters.
Global Communicorp UK
Global Communicorp UK owns UK radio brands including Capital networks in Scotland and South Wales, Heart Networks in Yorkshire and North Wales, Smooth Radio networks in the North East, North West and East Midlands as well as XS Manchester.
Another seven regional Capital, Heart and Smooth stations are part of the brands’ UK wide network. Also owned is one local station - XS Manchester.
Content and language integrated learning
Content and Language Integrated Learning, or CLIL, is an approach to foreign or second language education. Students learn both the foreign language and school subjects together at the same time.
Many people describe CLIL as having "Four C's." Usually they are: cognition, content, communication, and culture. Some people think "community" should replace culture.
CLIL comes from earlier approaches to language education such as bilingual education in Canada and Content-based Instruction in ESL and EFL around the world. CLIL has become very popular in primary and secondary education in Europe, especially Spain. But, it is becoming popular in many other countries, too.
Interior gateway protocol
An Interior gateway protocol is a routing protocol that is used within the routers of one autonomous system. An autonomous system might be one organisation, with its clients. Interior gateway protocols are able to handle more complex network topologies, compared to exterior gateway protocols. Exterior gateway protocols are used to route packets between two autonomous systems.
SOLID (object-oriented design)
SOLID is an acronym (short name) for a group of five good principles (rules) in computer programming. SOLID allows programmers to write code that is easier to understand and change later on. Solid is often used with systems that use an object-oriented design.
SOLID was promoted by Robert C. Martin but the name itself was created by Michael Feathers.
Ama, his wife and a panther
Ama, his wife and a panther () is a 1996 Vietnamese animated film which was based on the fairytale, directed by Bảo Quang.
A hungry panther came in village, everyones fleed to the mountain, only Ama stayed for fighting it. A panther hitted him to faint, then it has transformed Ama to come his house for eating his wife and son. But his wife H'Bia discovered the truth and ran away. Ama and his wife collaborated each other for trapping it.
Công dân hành khúc
"Calling to the Citizens" (), also named "March of the Youth" (), was the national anthem of the Republic of Vietnam. It was composed by Lưu Hữu Phước. It was chosen as a national anthem in June 1948.
Nowadays, the song is still sung by Vietnamese people who oppose the communist regime.
The national anthem had went through a total 5 edits with its title and lyrics. "Tiếng Gọi Công Dân" was the last title of the anthem. Nowadays, most Vietnamese overseas change the first line of the anthem "Quốc gia đến ngày giải phóng" to "Đứng lên đáp lời sông núi", meaning "Oh Citizens! Stand up [and] answer the call [of the] rivers and mountains".
"Này Công Dân ơi!Đứng lên đáp lời sông núi".
Đồng lòng cùng đi hy sinh tiếc gì thân sống.
Vì tương lai Quốc Dân, cùng xông pha khói tên,
Làm sao cho núi sông từ nay luôn vững bền.
Dù cho thây phơi trên gươm giáo,
Thù nước, lấy máu đào đem báo.
Nòi giống lúc biến phải cần giải nguy,
Người Công Dân luôn vững bền tâm trí.
Hùng tráng quyết chiến đấu làm cho khắp nơi
Vang tiếng người nước Nam cho đến muôn đời!
Công Dân ơi! Mau hiến thân dưới cờ!
Công Dân ơi! Mau làm cho cõi bờ
Thoát cơn tàn phá, vẻ vang nòi giống
Xứng danh nghìn năm giòng giống Lạc Hồng!
"Oh citizens! Our country has reached the day of liberation."
Of one heart we go forth, sacrificing ourselves with no regrets.
For the future of the people, advance into battle,
Let us make this land eternally strong.
Should our bodies be left on the battlefields,
The nation will be avenged with our crimson blood
In troublesome times, the Race will be rescued,
We the People remain resolute in our hearts and minds.
Courageously we will fight such that everywhere,
The Glory of the Vietnamese forever resounds!
Oh citizens! Hasten to offer yourselves under the flag!
Oh citizens! Hasten to defend this land,
Escape from destruction, and bask our Race in glory
Be forever worthy of the descendants of Lạc Hồng!
Dancing skeleton
Dancing skeleton () is a 1993 Vietnamese horror animated-film which was based on the Japanese tale, directed by Bảo Quang.