An enhanced geothermal system (EGS) is a geothermal energy system that can make electrical energy when natural underground water is not there. For a long time, geothermal energy could only be produced when there were hot rocks, underground water, and cracks in rocks all together in one area. Now, new ways of getting this power source are being created. Areas that can possibly be used for energy need to be altered by people to make the energy usable. These areas may need either underground water and/or cracks, or fracture network, in rocks. Enhanced geothermal systems allow for geothermal energy to be outside normal geothermal areas like active plate boundaries to less active areas like the western United States.
Geothermal systems can also be enhanced by recycling old oil and gas wells for geothermal use. It is cheaper to change these wells for heat mining than to drill new holes. These wells do not allow for physical contact between the water and the heat source. These wells are made out of two cylinders: a bigger one and a smaller one. The smaller one fits inside the bigger one and is where the heated water is pumped out from. Water in inserted between the lining of the inner pipe and the outer one. Due to the lack in direct contact with the hot rocks as well as some heat loss from lack of a good insulating material, the energy output is not as high as in ordinary geothermal systems.
Some say that this form of energy is one of the “greenest” alternative energies out there. Studies that say two of the three ways of geothermal energy production is flash-steam and dry-steam give off less than 7% of the green house gasses that fossil fuels give off. The third method, known as a closed binary-cycle system, gives off nearly zero green house gasses.) The most emission heavy part of EGS is when the drills are powered by diesel fuel. Research on EGS Life Cycle Analysis has shown that a good correction for this would be to hook the drill up to the power grid decreasing the already minimal impact GEP power plants has on human health, climate change, and ecosystem quality. Supporters also claim that because geothermal energy systems don’t rely on the changing weather, it is a more reliable energy with a constant energy output.
The US has the largest potential geothermal energy reserve in the world yet only 4% of its total energy usage (15 billion kWh) is from GEP. California has the highest number of geothermal heat pumps out of a total of the nine states that use geothermal energy. Hawaii gets 20% of its power from geothermal power plants. Knowledge about geothermal energy is not well known. This makes getting money for research and development very hard. Developers have also been known to have trouble getting permits to drill on public land and get funding from both the federal government and outside interests. There are, however, two projects that were approved by the Senate to help get EGS out of the pilot stage.
In 1990, legislation took to creating incentives to develop the industry. It was attempted with the Energy Act of 2005 and Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 with issued tax credits and the creation of Senate supported research and development programs.
Division of Fowler
The Division of Fowler is an Australian Electoral Division in New South Wales. It was set up in 1984 and named after Lilian Fowler, the first woman mayor in Australia. It includes the suburbs of Ashcroft, Austral, Bonnyrigg, Bonnyrigg Heights, Busby, Cabramatta, Cabramatta West, Canley Heights, Canley Vale, Cartwright, Cecil Hills, Cecil Park, Edensor Park, Green Valley, Greenfield Park, Heckenberg, Hinchinbrook, Lansvale, Liverpool, Middleton Grange, Miller, Mount Pritchard, Prairiewood, Sadleir, St Johns Park, Wakeley and West Hoxton.
Chris Hayes had previously been the member for Werriwa.
The Latymer School
The Latymer School is a grammar school in Edmonton, London, England. It was started in 1624 by merchant Edward Latymer. In their 2008 report Ofsted graded the school as 'outstanding'. Bruce Forsyth was a student. The school is selective and co-educational.
About 186 pupils are admitted to Year 7 (aged 11 or 12) annually. Places are awarded by a competitive examination. 20 places are reserved for pupils with exceptional musical talent. The examinations taken by prospective pupils cover non-verbal reasoning, verbal reasoning and numeracy.
Around 60-70 pupils join the sixth form in Year 12 (aged 16 or 17) per year, mixing with Latymer pupils who have made the transition from Year 11. External applicants to the sixth form sit entrance examinations and generally require 6 A grades at GCSE (or equivalent) level.
Boeing T-43
The Boeing T-43 is a military variant of the twin-turbojet airliner Boeing 737-200. It was used between 1973 and 2010 as a training aircraft by the US Air Force. It was the biggest training aircraft in the United States.
It was used by Air Education and Training Command's 12th Flying Training Wing. Some were built as CT-43 for passenger transport duties.
Haberdashers' Aske's School for Girls
Haberdashers' Aske's School for Girls is a private school for girls in Elstree, Hertfordshire. It was started in 1875 by the Worshipful Company of Haberdashers. In 2013 100% of GCSEs were A*-C and 69.8% were A*.
Elstree
Elstree is a village in Hertfordshire, England. The television show "EastEnders" is made there at Elstree Studios.
Emmerdale
Emmerdale is a British soap opera. It is set in a made-up village called Emmerdale, called Beckindale until 1994, in the Yorkshire Dales. The plot is focused on things that happen in and around The Woolpack, the main village pub. It is on ITV every weekday at 7 o'clock. It was called Emmerdale Farm until 1989. It was started in 1972 by Kevin Laffan, making it Britain's second oldest soap opera after "Coronation Street". It is one of the most popular television programmes in Britain. It has been given many awards including one BAFTA.
Rockwell B-1 Lancer
The Rockwell B-1 Lancer is a strategic bomber in the service of the US Air Force. It is a four-turbojet aircraft that uses a variable-sweep wing. It can carry nuclear weapons or classic bombs. It is only used by the USA.
- Simulacrum of the B-1A
History of modern Mongolia
Mongolia became independent on December 29, 1911 from the Qing Dynasty.
In 1924, the constitutional monarchy was no longer used when the king died. The Mongolian People's Republic was formed. The name of the capital city was changed from Küriye to Ulan Bator. It was ruled by the Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party and had very close relationship with the Soviet Union. The country was socialist.
The Republic of China had Sino-Soviet Treaty of Friendship and Alliance with the USSR. However, the Soviet Union was later criticised for helping the People's Republic of China in the Chinese Civil War. In United Nations General Assembly Resolution 505, the Republic of China claimed that they would not give up Mongolia as a part of China.
In February 1992, Mongolia gave up socialism. The name of the country was shortened to "Mongolia".
Fiat G.50
The Fiat G.50 was an Italian fighter aircraft. It was used for World War II. It was a single-engine aircraft with a single seat. It carried were two 0.50 machine-guns as weapons. Countries that operated this aircraft were Croatia, Finland, Italy, Nazi Germany, Spain, and Yugoslavia.
Mers-les-Bains
Mers-les-Bains is a commune of Somme near Eu and Le Tréport. By the river "Bresles", it marks the border with Upper Normandy. This commune is famous for its beach and its casino.
The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah Equiano