The Royal Library of the Netherlands (Dutch: Koninklijke Bibliotheek or KB; "Royal Library") is the national library of the Netherlands. It is based in The Hague. It was founded in 1798. The KB collects everything that is published in the Netherlands. It also collection everything about the Netherlands. This includes anything from medieval literature to today's publications (books, newspapers, etc.). There are about 7 million publications in the stockrooms of the library. This includes books, newspapers, magazines and maps. The KB also offers many digital services. The main service is the national online Library. It has e-books and audiobooks. Other digital services include Delpher (millions of digitised pages) and The Memory. Since 2015, the KB has helped to bring together many institutions to make a large digital library.
Representative Albert Jan Verbeek had the idea to create a national library. He suggested this on August 17, 1798. The basis of the collection would be William V's confiscated book collection. The library was officially founded as the "Nationale Bibliotheek" on November 8 1798. This was after a group of representatives gave advice for the creation of a national library on the same day. At first, the National Library was only open to members of the Representative Body.
King Louis Bonaparte (the brother of Napoleon Bonaparte) gave called the national library the Royal Library in 1806. Napoleon Bonaparte transferred the Royal Library to The Hague as property, while also allowing the Imperial Library in Paris to expropriate publications from the Royal Library. In 1815 King William I of the Netherlands confirmed the name of 'Royal Library' (Dutch: Koninklijke Bibliotheek) by royal resolution. It has been known as the National Library of the Netherlands since 1982, when it opened new quarters. The institution became 'Independent Administrative Body' of the state in 1996, although it is financed by the Department of Education, Culture and Science. On 18 November 2014 the Wsob (Public Library Facilities System Act or 'Library Act') came into being. The act became valid on 1 January 2015 and from this moment onwards four organizations from the library world continued under the name Koninklijke Bibliotheek. These organizations are Sector Institute Public Libraries (SIOB), the Foundation Bibliotheek.nl (BNL), the Digital Library for Dutch Literature (DBNL) and the Koninklijke Bibliotheek (KB).
The humanities are central to the collection of the KB, with an emphasis on Dutch history, language and culture.
In 2016, the KB contained 7,000,000 items, equivalent to 115 kilometers of bookshelves. Most items in the collection are books. There are also pieces of "grey literature", where the author, publisher, or date may not be apparent but the document has cultural or intellectual significance. The collection contains almost the entire literature of the Netherlands, from medieval manuscripts to modern scientific publications. As there was no law for depositing Dutch publication the library started on January 1 1974 the voluntary . This in contrast with most other countries that have a legal deposit of publications. For a publication to be accepted, it must be from a registered Dutch publisher.
The collection is accessible for members. Any person aged 16 years or older can become a member. One day passes are also available. Requests for material take approximately 30 minutes. The KB hosts several open access websites, including the "Memory of the Netherlands" ("Geheugen van Nederland"), Digital Library for Dutch Literature and Delpher, an archive of more than 100 million pages as of 2020.
The Literature museum (in Dutch: Literatuurmuseum) was founded in 1750 as Nederlands Letterkundig Museum, The museum contains a large collection of letters, manuscripts and memorabilia. The museum has three permanent and several temporary exhibitions. It also contains a special children's book museum. On 4 February 2016, an online museum was opened. On 1 November 2016, the museum was renamed to Literature museum. The museum has a reading room with an extensive collection of newspaper clipping, and under certain conditions, some archival material can be consulted.
The KB's Research Department is engaged in internationally renowned research in the field of digital technology, sustainable preservation and accessibility of both paper and digital heritage. Important topics are the applicability of artificial intelligence, the use of big data, the increasing importance of privacy & security, the changes in the publishing and publishing world and the role of public libraries in today's society.
Striped burrowing frog
The striped burrowing frog, greenstripe frog, or Australian striped treefrog ("Ranoidea alboguttata") is a tree frog from Australia. It lives in Queensland, New South Wales and the Northern Territory.
This frog lives in forests and in grasslands that are covered in water for part of the year. They spend a lot of time aboveground when it there is a lot of rain or water around, and they spend more time underground near ponds when the weather is dry. This frog can stay underground for years waiting for rainy weather.
Scientists believe this frog lays eggs in bodies of water and the tadpoles grow into frogs before these bodies of water dry up.
Tomori Kusunoki
NGC 5
NGC 5 is an elliptical galaxy in the Andromeda constellation.
Total Drama: Revenge of the Island
Total Drama: Revenge of the Island (also called TDROTI for short) is the fourth season of the "Total Drama" franchise.
R Stewart (Randy) Thompson (February 11, 1965 Vancouver, BC Canada)
R. Stewart (Randy) Thompson - born February 11, 1965 (Vancouver, B.C.) - is a Calgary, Canada-based, globally-focused business builder, angel investor, venture capitalist, and entrepreneur. Thompson studied at The University of British Columbia and The University of Alberta and holds a Bachelors of Arts (Political Science) degree from the University of Alberta.
President of the Presidency of Yugoslavia
The office of the President of the Presidency of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia existed from the death of the President of the Republic for life Josip Broz Tito on 4 May 1980 until the dissolution of the country by 1992.
Branko Kostić
Branko Kostić (Serbian Cyrillic: Бранко Костић, 28 August 1939 – 20 August 2020) was a Montenegrin Serb politician.
He was the President of the Presidency of the Socialist Republic of Montenegro from March 1989 to December 1990, and then as the acting Chairman of the Presidency of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia from 1991 to 1992.
He was a member of the League of Communists of Montenegro until 1990, after which he joined the new Democratic Party of Socialists of Montenegro. On 16 May 1991 he became a member of the Collective Presidency of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia.
Kostić died on 20 August 2020 in Podgorica, Montenegro from problems caused by a stroke at the age of 80.
Frank Cullotta
Frank Cullotta (December 14, 1938 – August 20, 2020) was an American mobster for the Chicago Outfit. He was a member of the "Hole in the Wall Gang" in Las Vegas with friend and mobster Tony Spilotro.
After his arrest in 1982, he became a government witness, and entered the witness protection program. Cullotta later became an author and a tour guide. He worked as a movie consultant for mobster/mafia movies such as for "Casino".
On August 20, 2020, Cullotta died at the age of 81 in a Las Vegas hospital from complications related to COVID-19 and other medical issues.
Hasil Bizenjo
Mir Hasil Khan Bizenjo (3 February 1958 – 20 August 2020; Urdu: میر حاصل خان بزنجو) was a Pakistani politician. He was Minister for Maritime Affairs from August 2017 to May 2018. He was a member of the National Party of Pakistan. Bizenjo was a member of the Senate of Pakistan from 2009 until his death.