Tonkin signed the Pitjantjatjara Land Rights Act on 2 October 1981, putting the bill into effect. The freehold title to the land was given to the Pitjantjatjara, Yankunytjatjara and Ngaanyatjarra peoples, who formed a council as the local government. The grant included the former leasehold areas in the eastern portion: Everard Park, Kenmore Park and Granite Downs. A portion of the southeast of the APY lands (about ) still overlaps with the Woomera Test Range.
The lease for Mintabie lasted for 21 years, expiring in 2002. New legislation in 2009 allowed for another lease, which was signed in April 2012.
The APY is one of 74 local government areas of South Australia. It includes a number of settlement communities, as well as over 50 family outstations (referred to as "homelands"). Most of the settlements are located in the far north. The administrative centre for the APY is Umuwa. The four largest towns, as recorded in the 2006 census are Iwantja (339 people), Pukatja (332), Amata (319) and Mimili (303). The only non-indigenous community is the opal-mining town of Mintabie (250 people). The other settlement communities are: Kaltjiti, Watarru, Kanpi, Nyapari, Kalka, Pipalyatjara, Yunyarinyi and Watinuma.
In the 2006 census, there were 2,230 people living on the APY Lands. About 84.5% of them were Indigenous Australians. Over half (58.6%) of residents listed Pitjantjatjara as the language spoken at home; 14.3% listed Yankunytjatjara; and 18.7% gave English as their spoken language.
There has not been much economic development, except for tourism. There have been proposals to mine in the area. The Musgrave Ranges is estimated to contain rich mineral and petroleum deposits. The APY government has not allowed mining so far, because it is concerned about the social impacts it may have, and the possible impacts on sacred sites and the environment.
Two major issues throughout the APY Lands are the low standard of health care (compared to the rest of Australia) and drug abuse (usually alcohol, petrol sniffing, cannabis and, more recently, other illegal drugs). The fact that the indigenous area crosses over three jurisdictions (South Australia, Western Australia and the Northern Territory) has made enforcing drug-trafficking laws difficult. An inquiry into child sexual abuse on the APY Lands was done by a retired Supreme Court judge. It was completed in 2008, and found that this had been a widespread problem in several of the APY communities for many years.
In early August 2007, the South Australian government announced a A$34 million plan to "improve well-being of Aboriginal people" in the APY Lands. $25m will be spent on improving housing and most of the remaining $8m on law enforcement in Amata and Pukatja.
Academy Award for Best Film Editing
The Academy Award for Film Editing is one of the yearly awards of the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences.
Since 1981, every movie selected as Best Picture has also been nominated for the Film Editing Oscar. About two thirds of the Best Picture winners have also won for Film Editing.
This award was first given for movies released in 1934. The name of this award is sometimes changed. In 2008, it was listed as the Academy Award for Achievement in Film Editing.
These listings are based on the Awards Database maintained by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts & Sciences.
The award name was changed to Best Editing in 1999.
Iqbal Park
Iqbal Park is a park in Lahore, Pakistan. It was called Minto Park during British Indian times. It is named after "Allama" Sir Muhammad Iqbal, the National Poet of Pakistan. In the All India Muslim Leagues session of 21-24 March 1940, which was held here, the famous Lahore Resolution was passed. This led to the eventual creation of independent Pakistan in 1947. This event is remembered in this park, by the structure of the "Minar-e-Pakistan" (Pakistan Tower/Minaret), which is visited by many people every year.
Academy Award for Best Makeup and Hairstyling
The Academy Award for Best Makeup and Hairstyling is the Oscar given to the best achievement in makeup and hair-styling for movies. Usually, only three movies are nominated each year rather than five as in most categories.
In 2012, the category was renamed to Academy Award for Best Makeup and Hairstyling.
Before 1981, Special Achievement Oscars were twice awarded to makeup artists for their work on a specific movie:
Starting in 1993, the award is to be shared with hairstylists if hair effects "contribute greatly to the appearance and effect of the characters".
The winners are in bold text with a blue background.
Academy Award for Original Music Score
The Academy Award for Original Score is given to the best body of music in the form of dramatic underscoring that is written specifically for a movie.
Academy Award for Animated Short Film
The Academy Award for Animated Short Film is an award given by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. It has been part of the Academy Awards every year since the 5th Academy Awards for 1931-1932.
This category was known as "Short Subjects, Cartoons" from 1932 until 1970. It was "Short Subjects, Animated Films" from 1971 to 1973. The present title began with the 1974 awards. Only American movies were nominated for the award until 1952.
The Academy defines "short" as being "not more than 40 minutes, including all credits."
"As Short Subjects (Cartoons)"
Name of award changed to Short Subjects (Animated Films)
Name of award changed to Short Films (Animated Films)
Unionist Party (Punjab)
The Unionist Party (Punjab) was a political party of the Punjab, British India. It was founded by Sir Fazli Husain, Sir Chotu Ram and Sir Sikandar Hayat Khanin 1923 and basically represented the Punjabi "zamindar" (rural/agrarian)interests. The party was secular in nature and believed in a strong and united Punjabi entity, bringing together Muslims, Hindus, Sikhs and other communities of this province,
Under the leadership of Sir Sikandar Hayat Khan, the party won the general elections of 1936 and formed a coalition government along with the Indian National Congress and Sikh Akali Dal from 1937 onwards. However, in October 1937, the Muslim members in the party were also allowed to merge with the All India Muslim League by an agreement reached between Sir Sikandar and Mr Muhammad Ali Jinnah at Lucknow. This famous agreement was called the Jinnah-Sikandar Pact.
Mian Fazl-i-Hussain and Chhotu Ram laid the foundation of the Punjab National Unionist Party in
1923. It was originated by a group of rural members of the Punjab Legislative Council. These members
were elected on personal prestigious position and were the big landlords and influential politicians of
the Punjab. The fundamental theme of their politics was to defend the provincial interest as well as
the interest of the British Raj. The group consisted of 24 Muslim landlords and 6 Hindu Jats under the
leadership of Rao Bahadur Lal and the party was based on non-communal basis. The prominent
Muslim landed elites were Nawab Muzafar Ali Qazilbash, Nawab Shah Nawaz Mamdot, Malik Khizar
Hayat Khan Tiwana, Malik Atta Muhammad Khan Nawab of Kalabagh, Mian Ahmad Yar Khan Daultana
and right hand man of Fazl-i-Hussain Sir Mohammad Zafarullah Khan. The membership was open to
every community member irrespective of caste, creed, religion or color. Basically it was the fusion of
Muslims, Hindus and Sikhs landed gentry of the rural Punjab
they merged different groups in Punjab.
This party along with Justice Party and B R Ambedkar accepted Simon Commission’s Report, which was rejected by Indian National Congress and Muslim League and other major parties.
Wah
Wah is a village in Attock District of North Punjab, Pakistan. It is famous for the old Pleasure Gardens there dating from the Mughal Empire, and for being the birthplace of a former Governor and Chief Minister of the Punjab during British Indian times, Sir Sikandar Hayat Khan.