The estate of Ramnad was a permanently settled zamindari estate that existed in the Ramnad subdivision of the Madura district and later Ramnad district of the erstwhile Madras Presidency in British India from 1801 to 1949.
The seat of administration was the town of Ramanathapuram. The Zamindari had its origins in the Kingdom of Ramnad established by Raghunatha Kilavan in the late 17th century. In 1803, the Kingdom was converted to a Zamindari by the British. The male rulers of Ramnathapuram also bore the title of Sethupathi or "protector of the bridge", the bridge here referring to the legendary Rama's Bridge while female rulers bore the title "Nachiyar".
The estate covered an area of 2,104 square miles (5,450 km2) and had a population of 723,886 in 1901. It was one of the largest and most populous zamindari estates in the Madras Presidency. The zamindar of Ramnad paid a tribute of Rs. 3.75 lakhs for the year 1903-04 to the British government.
(1795-1803)
Alina Janowska
Alina Janowska (16 April 1923 – 13 November 2017) was a Polish actress. She was known for her roles in "Zakazane piosenki" and in "Samson" (by Andrzej Wajda). From 1970 to 1974, she starred in the comedy series "Czterdziestolatek".
Janowska was born in 1923 in Warsaw, Poland. She came from a wealthy family. She was arrested on the night of 23 April 1942 for helping a Jewish family. She was imprisoned for 7 months in Pawiak in Warsaw. She was a member of the Warsaw Uprising.
In 1963, she married fencer Wojciech Zabłocki.
Janowska died on 13 November 2017 in Warsaw from Alzheimer's disease, aged 94.
Justice Party (India)
The Justice Party, officially the South Indian Liberal Federation, was a political party in the Madras Presidency of British India. It was established in 1917 by T. M. Nair and P. Theagaraya Chetty as a result of a series of non-Brahmin conferences and meetings in the presidency. Communal division between Brahmins and non-Brahmins began in the presidency during the late-19th and early-20th century, mainly due to caste prejudices and disproportionate Brahminical representation in government jobs.
In 1920, it won the first direct elections in the presidency and formed the government. For the next seventeen years, it formed four out of the five ministries and was in power for thirteen years. It was the main political alternative to the nationalist Indian National Congress in Madras. After it lost to the Congress in the 1937 election, it never recovered. It came under the leadership of Periyar E. V. Ramaswamy and his Self-Respect Movement. In 1944, Periyar transformed the Justice Party into the social organisation Dravidar Kazhagam and withdrew it from electoral politics. A rebel faction that called itself the original Justice Party, survived to contest one final election, in 1952.
The Justice Party was isolated in contemporary Indian politics by its many controversial activities. It opposed Brahmins in civil service and politics, and this anti-Brahmin attitude shaped many of its ideas and policies. It opposed Annie Besant and her Home rule movement, because it believed home rule would benefit the Brahmins. The party also campaigned against the non-cooperation movement in the presidency. It was at odds with M. K. Gandhi, primarily due to his praise for Brahminism. Its mistrust of the Brahmin–dominated Congress led it to adopt a hostile stance toward the Indian independence movement. Although it professed to represent all non-Brahmins, the Justice Party eventually lost the support of Muslims and Untouchables, who accused it of serving the interests of only a few castes like Vellalars (Mudaliars, Pillais), Balija Naidus, Beri Chettis, Kapus and Kammas.
The Justice Party's power period is remembered for the introduction of caste-based reservations, and educational and religious reform. In opposition it is remembered for participating in the anti-Hindi agitations of 1937–40. The party was responsible for creating Andhra and Annamalai universities and for developing the area around present-day Theagaroya Nagar in Madras city.
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B. V. Radha
Bengaluru Vijaya Radha (August 1948 – 10 September 2017) was an Indian actress and movie producer. Starting her career in the 1964 movie "Navakoti Narayana". She went on to play mostly supporting roles in over 300 movie, 250 of which were in Kannada, and the rest in Tamil, Telugu, Malayalam, Tulu and Hindi. She was born in Bangalore, Mysore State, India.
Radha died of a heart attack on 10 September 2017 in Bangalore at the age of 69.
Nancy Dupree
Nancy Hatch Dupree (3 October 1927 – 9 September 2017) was an American historian whose work primarily focused on the history of modern Afghanistan. She was born in India to American parents.
Dupree went to Barnard College and Columbia University to study Chinese.
Dupree was the director of the Afghanistan Center at Kabul University in Afghanistan and author of five books that she compiled while studying the history of Afghanistan from 1962 until the late 1970s.
Michael Friedman (composer)
Michael Friedman (September 24, 1975 – September 9, 2017) was an American composer and lyricist. He was a founding associate artist of The Civilians. He received a 2007 Obie award for excellence. His musical "Bloody Bloody Andrew Jackson" opened on Broadway in October 2010. He was born in Boston, Massachusetts, but was raised in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Friedman was openly gay.
Friedman died on September 9, 2017 in Manhattan, New York from complications of AIDS at the age of 41.
Frank Aarebrot
Frank Henrik Aarebrot (19 January 1947 – 9 September 2017) was a Norwegian political scientist. He was born in Bergen, Norway. He was professor of comparative politics at the University of Bergen and adjunct professor of democracy development at the Örebro University. He regularly lectured at Institut des Sciences Politiques and at the Humboldt University. Aarebrot has written 69 books on the democratisation of Europe, following the fall of the Berlin Wall. In Norway, Aarebrot was known as a political commentator.
Aarebrot died in Bergen from heart surgery-related problems for a heart attack he suffered on 9 September 2017 at the age of 70.
Solomon Efimovich Shulman
Solomon Efimovich Shulman (January 20, 1936 – September 6, 2017), also known as Sol Shulman and Semion Shulman, was a Belarusian author, screenwriter, movie director and adventurer. He was the writer of more than forty documentary movies, five feature movie scripts, plus a host of literary and publicist works, published in many countries worldwide. His best known book was "Power and Destiny". His movies include "In Broad Daylight", "On the Slopes of Elbruce" and "In Ancient Khiv".
Shulman died on September 6, 2017 in Melbourne, Australia of heart failure, aged 81.
Nick Theodore
Nick Andrew Theodore (born September 16, 1928) is an American politician. He was a State representative from 1963-66 and 1970-78, a South Carolina state senator from 1967-68 and from 1981-86, and the 85th Lieutenant Governor of South Carolina from 1987 to 1995.
Theodore is a member of the Democratic Party.
W. Brantley Harvey Jr.
William Brantley Harvey Jr. (August 14, 1930 – December 12, 2018) was an American lawyer and politician. He was elected to the South Carolina House of Representatives as a Democrat in 1958, and served until 1975, when he was installed as Lieutenant Governor of South Carolina. He served in that position until 1983.
Harvey later served on the South Carolina Commission of Parks, Recreation and Tourism, as well as the South Carolina Department of Transportation.