The Supreme Court said that gay sex is not a deeply rooted right in American history and that it would not be possible for SCOTUS to create such a right without also creating a constitutional right to both adult incest and adultery. The majority opinion was written by Justice Byron White. The other justices who agreed were Chief Justice Warren Earl Burger and Justices Lewis Powell, William Rehnquist, and Sandra Day O'Connor. In a brief separate opinion, Chief Justice Burger said gay sex had been called bad for thousands of years, with William Blackstone calling gay sex worse than rape. The dissenting opinion came from Justices Harry Blackmun, John Paul Stevens, William Brennan, and Thurgood Marshall. They disagreed with the majority opinion. Justice Blackmun said that the 14th amendment could create a constitutional right to have sex with another person of the same gender because of the right to privacy. He said that people have a right to be left alone and that saying this about gay sex did not mean people would be legally allowed to commit adult incest or adultery.
Seventeen years later, the Supreme Court made the opposite decision. "Bowers v. Hardwick" was in the 2003 SCOTUS case "Lawrence v. Texas".
Salyut 3
Salyut 3 was a space station in the Soviet Union's Almaz program. It was also known as OTS-2 and Almaz 2. The size and shape were similar to Salyut 1, but the rest of the design was very different. This was because it was part of the Almaz program instead of the Salyut program. It was only named Salyut 3 to hide its real purpose. In reality it was a military station for spying on other countries. Most details of it were not known until after the Cold War was over.
The station had living areas for cosmonauts, engines, and solar panels. These were similar to other space stations. Due to its military nature, it also had some special equipment. There was a space telescope and several cameras, all for looking at the Earth. A small spacecraft called the Earth-return capsule stored film and could come back to Earth on its own. It was also possible for cosmonauts to develop film on the station and send back the images using a TV system. Salyut 3 also had an onboard cannon (large gun), based on a design used on aircraft.
Salyut 3 was launched into orbit on 25 June 1974 by a Proton rocket. It stayed in space for 213 days before being burned up in the atmosphere. Starting on 4 July 1974 a crew of two cosmonauts stayed at the station for two weeks. Then on 26 August 1974 a second crew arrived but could not connect to the station and so had to return to earth. After this no other crews visited, but the station could do some tasks on its own. One was sending the Earth-return capsule back. The second was firing the cannon. This is the only time a gun has been fired in space. A total of 20 rounds were fired in 3 bursts.
On 24 January 1975 the station entered the atmosphere and burned up. It was followed by Salyut 4 which was a civilian space station. The next Almaz station was Salyut 5.
William Brennan
William J. Brennan Jr. (April 25, 1906–July 24, 1997) was a Justice of the United States Supreme Court (SCOTUS) from 1956 to 1990. He was born in Newark, New Jersey in 1906 as the second of eight children to Irish immigrants. He attended Harvard Law School, was a U.S. Army Major during World War II, and was a justice for a New Jersey superior court and then for the New Jersey Supreme Court before he was appointed to the U.S. Supreme Court (SCOTUS) by U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower, where he was a part of SCOTUS's liberal wing and where he wrote more than 1,200 opinions over the years. After being on SCOTUS for over 30 years, he retired from SCOTUS in 1990 due to declining health and was replaced by David Souter. He was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom by U.S. President Bill Clinton in 1993 and died in 1997 at the age of 91 after he fell and broke his hip.
Junior
Junior is when a son has the same name as the father, in which case he is referred to by his father's name plus Junior. For instance, if the father is Bob Jones, the son would be Bob Jones Junior (or Bob Jones Jr., for short). Of course, the father could also be called Bob Jones Senior (or Bob Jones Sr., for short).
Orrick Herrington Sutcliffe
Orrick is an international law firm founded in San Francisco, California. The firm advises on transactions, litigation and regulatory matters for venture-backed companies, public companies, E&I funds, financial institutions and governments.
Winston Strawn
Winston & Strawn LLP is an international law firm. Headquartered in Chicago, it has nearly 800 attorneys in 9 offices in the United States and 6 offices in Europe and Asia. Founded in 1853, it is one of the largest and oldest law firms in Chicago.
The firm is known for its litigation practice across a variety of fields.
Vinson Elkins
Vinson & Elkins LLP (or V&E) is an international law firm with approximately 700 lawyers worldwide and is headquartered in the First City Tower in Downtown Houston, Texas.
The firm has 11 offices in major energy, financial, and political centers worldwide, including Austin, Dallas, Dubai, Houston, London, New York City, Richmond, Riyadh, San Francisco, Tokyo, and Washington, D.C. The firm is currently led by Mark Kelly as Chairman and Scott Wulfe as Managing Partner.
Arnold Porter Kaye Scholer
Arnold & Porter Kaye Scholer LLP, operating as Arnold & Porter, is a white-shoe international law firm. It is among the most prestigious and largest law firms in the world, by both revenue and by its number of lawyers.
Kaye Scholer was a law firm founded in 1917 by Benjamin Kaye and Jacob Scholer. The firm has more than 450 attorneys in nine offices located in the cities of Chicago, Frankfurt, London, Los Angeles, New York City (headquarters), Shanghai, Palo Alto, Washington, D.C., and West Palm Beach.
In November 2016, Arnold Porter voted to merge with Kaye Scholer to create a $1 billion+ sized multinational firm with approximately 1000 attorneys across ten domestic and four international offices, with a large offering both in the US and internationally. The merger was effected on January 1, 2017, as Arnold Porter Kaye Scholer LLP.
Cadwalader Wickersham Taft
Cadwalader, Wickersham & Taft LLP, (known as Cadwalader), is New York City's oldest law firm. Attorney John Wells founded the practice in 1792. Cadwalader's Lower Manhattan headquarters is one of five offices in three countries. At the end of 2014 the firm had approximately 400 attorneys.
Milbank Tweed Hadley McCloy
Milbank LLP (commonly known as Milbank) is an international law firm headquartered in New York City. It also has offices in Washington, D.C., Los Angeles, London, Frankfurt, Munich, Tokyo, Hong Kong, São Paulo, Seoul, Singapore, and Beijing.
Orphans of the Tide
Orphans of the Tide is the first book of the trilogy of the same name written by Struan Murray and first published on 20 February 2020.
It was shortlisted for the 2021 Branford Boase Award Shortlist in April 2021.
Willkie Farr Gallagher
Willkie Farr & Gallagher LLP, commonly known as Willkie, is an international law firm founded in 1888. It has over 750 lawyers, in 12 offices in six countries (including offices in New York, Washington, D.C., Houston, Palo Alto, San Francisco, Chicago, Paris, London, Rome, Milan, Frankfurt, and Brussels). The firm specializes in corporate practice. Supreme Court Justices Felix Frankfurter and Charles Evans Hughes began their careers at the firm, as did former Supreme Court nominee Robert Bork, and former New York Governor Mario Cuomo served as of counsel at Willkie Farr after leaving office. The law firm's profits per equity partner were $3.52 million in 2020.
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