The 2020 stock market crash is a global stock market crash that began on 20 February 2020 during the 2019–20 coronavirus pandemic. The Dow Jones Industrial Average, S&P 500 Index, and the NASDAQ-100 all fell into short-term decline on 27 February during one of the worst trading weeks since the financial crisis of 2007–08.
Markets over the following week (2–6 March) became extremely bad, with swings of 3% or more being made per daily session (except for 6 March). On 9 March, all three Wall Street indices fell more than 7% and most global markets reported severe losses, due to the response of the 2019–20 coronavirus pandemic and the Russia–Saudi Arabia oil price war.
This became known as Black Monday, and at the time was the worst drop since the Great Recession in 2008.
Three days after Black Monday there was another drop, Black Thursday, where stocks across Europe and North America fell more than 9%.
Stock market prices across most of the world were greater than or equal to their prices before the crash before the end of 2020.
2020 Russia–Saudi Arabia oil price war
On 8 March 2020, Saudi Arabia began a price war with Russia, causing a major fall in the price of oil, with US oil prices falling by 34%, crude oil falling by 26%, and brent oil falling by 24%.
The price war was caused by a breakup between the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries and Russia over proposed oil production cuts due to the 2019–20 coronavirus pandemic. Oil prices had already fallen 30% since the start of the year due to a drop in demand.
The fall in prices was one of the causes of the global stock market crash on 9 March 2020, which became known as Black Monday.
As demand continued to fall dramatically, oil prices went down further, reaching a 17-year low on 18 March where Brent was priced at $24.72 a barrel and WTI at $20.48 a barrel.
On 30 March 2020, the price of Brent Crude fell 9% to $23 per barrel, the lowest level since November 2002.
On 20 April 2020, Oil prices reached a record low, falling into negative values, due to the ongoing coronavirus pandemic and the Russia–Saudi Arabia oil price war.
Tugrul
Tughril Bey was the Turkomanfounder of the Seljuk Empire. He ruled from 1037 to 1063. Tughril united the Turkmen warriors of the Great Eurasian Steppes into a confederacy of tribes, who traced their ancestry to a single ancestor named Seljuq, and led them in conquest of eastern Iran.
2019–2021 Persian Gulf crisis
The 2019–20 Persian Gulf crisis, also known as the Iranian–American confrontation and the Crisis in the Gulf, is an increase of military tensions between the Islamic Republic of Iran and the United States of America in the Persian Gulf region.
The U.S. began a buildup of its military presence in the region to push away a possible planned campaign by Iran and its non-state allies to attack American forces and interests in the Persian Gulf and Iraq.
This followed a rise in political tensions between the two countries during the Trump administration, which included the withdrawal of the U.S. from the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA), creation of new sanctions against Iran, and the designation of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC) as a terrorist organization.
In response, Iran made the United States Central Command as a Terrorist organization.
Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action
The Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA; (, BARJAM)), known commonly as the Iran nuclear deal or Iran deal, is an agreement on the Iranian nuclear program reached in Vienna on July 14, 2015, between Iran and the P5+1 (the five permanent members of the United Nations Security Council—China, France, Russia, United Kingdom, United States—plus Germany) together with the European Union.
On 8 May 2018 the United States officially withdrew from the agreement after President Donald Trump signed a Presidential Memorandum ordering the addition of harsher sanctions.
Libyan Civil War (2014–present)
The Second Libyan Civil War is an ongoing conflict between rival factions seeking control of Libya. After erupting in 2014, the conflict is mostly between :
Matchmakers
“Matchmakers” ( ) - Ukrainian comedy Also released: the musical "New Year's Matchmakers", the spin-off of the series "Mitya Tales", the television program "Matchmakers at the stove", the animated series "Matchmakers" and the series of documentaries "Matchmakers: Life Without Make-up" and "Matchmakers-6: Behind the Scenes" .
A series of comedy films and TV series “Matchmakers” received very high ratings both in Ukraine, and in Russia and Belarus.
National Symphony Orchestra
The National Symphony Orchestra (NSO), founded in 1931, is an American symphony orchestra based in Washington, D.C.. Its main venue is the John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts. They were the official orchestra for the National Memorial Day Concert and A Capitol Fourth.
Nicolas Alfonsi
Nicolas Alfonsi (13 April 1936 – March 16, 2020) was a French politician and lawyer. He was born in Cargèse, Corsica.
Alfonsi was a member of the Senate of France, representing the department of Corse-du-Sud. He was a member of the Radical Party of the Left. He was a member of the National Assembly from 1973 to 1988 and again from 2001 to 2014. From 1981 to 1984, Alfonsi was a member of the European Parliament.
Alfonsi died on 16 March 2020 of COVID-19 at the age of 83.
Doriot Anthony Dwyer
Doriot Anthony Dwyer [ˈdɔːriˌoʊ] (March 6, 1922 – March 14, 2020) was an American flutist.
She was one of the first women to be awarded principal chair for a major U.S. orchestra. She was the principal flute for the Boston Symphony Orchestra from 1952 until 1990. She was second flute for the National Symphony Orchestra and the Los Angeles Philharmonic.
She was an Adjunct Professor of Music at Boston University.
She died on March 14, 2020 in Lawrence, Kansas, aged 98.
East Stroudsburg, Pennsylvania
East Stroudsburg is a borough in Monroe County, Pennsylvania, United States. It lies east of Stroudsburg. East Stroudsburg is the largest municipality in Monroe County and in the East Stroudsburg, PA Metropolitan Statistical Area.
The population was 11,922 at the 2010 census.
Stroudsburg, Pennsylvania
Stroudsburg is a borough in Monroe County, Pennsylvania, United States. It is in northeastern Pennsylvania. It is also the county seat of Monroe County. Stroudsburg is part of the East Stroudsburg, PA Metropolitan Statistical Area. The population was 5,567 at the 2010 census.
Monroe County, Pennsylvania
Monroe County is a county in the U.S. state of Pennsylvania. As of the 2010 census, the population was 169,842. Its county seat is Stroudsburg. The county was formed from sections of Northampton and Pike counties. It is named in honor of James Monroe, the fifth President of the United States.
Edmund White
Edmund Valentine White III (born January 13, 1940) is an American novelist, memoirist and essayist. Most of his writings are on the topic same-sex relationships. His books include "The Joy of Gay Sex" (1977) (written with Charles Silverstein), "A Boy's Own Story" (1982), "The Beautiful Room Is Empty" (1988) and "The Farewell Symphony" (1997).
White was born in Cincinnati, Ohio. He is HIV-positive. He married writer Michael Carroll in 2013.
Northampton County, Pennsylvania
Northampton County is a county located in the U.S. state of Pennsylvania. As of the 2010 census, the population was 297,735. Its county seat is Easton.
Zoë Heller
Zoë Kate Hinde Heller (born 7 July 1965) is an English journalist and novelist. Her three published books are "Everything You Know" (1999), "Notes on a Scandal" (2003) and "The Believers" (2008). "Notes on a Scandal" was shortlisted for the Booker Prize. It was also made into a 2006 movie, starring Judi Dench and Cate Blanchett.
As a journalist, Heller has written for "The Independent", "Vanity Fair", "The New Yorker", "The Sunday Times" and "The Daily Telegraph".