Batman vs. Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles is a 2019 animated crossover superhero movie, directed by Jake Castorena, written by Marly Halpern-Graser, and produced by Warner Bros. Animation, DC Entertainment, and Nickelodeon. The movie is an adaptation of the six-issue inter-company crossover comic book miniseries "Batman/Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles" by James Tynion IV and Freddie Williams II. The story focuses on Batman, Robin and Batgirl teaming up with the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles, in order to save Gotham City from chaos at the hands of both Shredder and Ra's al Ghul with their sect: the Foot Clan and the League of Assassins. The movie itself features the voices of Troy Baker, Darren Criss, Eric Bauza, Cas Anvar and Andrew Kishino.
The movie is the first collaboration between Warner Bros. and Nickelodeon, and was devised for the direct-to-video market. It was released on both Blu-ray and Digital HD on June 4, 2019. It was well-liked, and grossed over $3.8 million from sales.
Warner Bros. Animation was considering adaptations of "Batman/Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles" and "Wonder Woman" as possible direct-to-video movies. The animated adaptation of the miniseries was officially announced in February 2019 to be in production and was released later in the spring.
The initial announcement revealed Troy Baker would reprise his roles as both Batman from "" video game and various Lego video games and movies, and the Joker from "", "", and the "Batman Unlimited" series, making Baker the first actor to portray both characters in the same property. The movie also features Darren Criss and Eric Bauza reprising their roles as Raphael and Leonardo, while Kyle Mooney and Baron Vaughn voice Michelangelo and Donatello, respectively. Rachel Bloom voices Batgirl and Cas Anvar voices Ra's al Ghul. In addition, Tom Kenny, John DiMaggio, Carlos Alazraqui and Tara Strong reprise their roles as the Penguin, Mr. Freeze, Bane, Harley Quinn and Poison Ivy from various DC properties. Other key cast members of the movie were revealed a month later, which consists of Ben Giroux as Robin, Andrew Kishino as the Shredder, Keith Ferguson as both Baxter Stockman and Two-Face, Brian George reprising his role as Alfred Pennyworth from "", and Jim Meskimen as both Commissioner James Gordon and the Scarecrow.
The first trailer was released on March 12, 2019. The movie had its world premiere at WonderCon Anaheim 2019 on March 31. The movie was later released to Digital on May 14 on 4K Ultra HD Combo Pack and Blu-ray Combo Pack on June 4, 2019.
"Batman vs. Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles" was well-liked. Based on 13 reviews collected on Rotten Tomatoes, the movie has an approval rating of 100% with an average rating of a 7.47/10.
The movie earned $3,898,811 from domestic home video sales.
Color model
A color model is a mathematical model describing the way to represent colors as numbers, usually as three or four values. These values are called color components or color channels. When such model is linked to a description of how to interpret the components (viewing conditions, etc.), the resulting set of colors is called "color space."
The color models can be classified as additive and subtractive.
In additive color models, such as RGB, white is the combination of all primary-colored lights, and black is the absence of any light. Other colors are a mix of different strength of primary colors.
Subtractive color models "subtract" or mask colors from white background of the paper. That is the ink reduces the reflected white light. White light minus red leaves cyan, white light minus green leaves magenta, and white light minus blue leaves yellow. Such color models are usually used in printing. An example of such a model is CMYK color model.
Additive and subtractive color models are opposite.
Media that emit light (such as television) use color mixing with primary colors of red, green, and blue, each of which stimulates one of the three types of the eye's color receptors. This is called "RGB" color model. Mixtures of light of these primary colors cover a large part of the human color space.
RYB (an abbreviation of red–yellow–blue) is an additive color model that uses red, yellow, and blue pigments as primary colors in art and applied design. The RYB color model underpinned the color curriculum of the Bauhaus.
It is possible to achieve a large range of colors seen by humans by putting cyan, magenta, and yellow transparent dyes/inks on a white background. These are the "subtractive" primary colors. Often a fourth ink, black, is added to improve reproduction of some dark colors. This is called the "CMY" or "CMYK" color model.
The cyan ink absorbs red light but transmits green and blue, the magenta ink absorbs green light but transmits red and blue, and the yellow ink absorbs blue light but transmits red and green. The white substrate reflects the transmitted light back to the viewer.
A number of color models exist in which colors are fit into conic, cylindrical or spherical shapes, with neutral (gray) colors running from black to white along a central axis, and hues (tints) corresponding to angles around the perimeter. Models of this type date back to the 18th century, and continue to be developed in the most modern models.
Different color theorists have each designed unique color 3D shapes. Many are in the shape of a sphere. The color spheres invented by Phillip Otto Runge and Johannes Itten are typical examples and prototypes for many other color solid schematics.
HSL and HSV are both cylindrical, with hue, their angular dimension, starting at the red primary color at 0°, passing through the green primary at 120° and the blue primary at 240°, and then going back to red at 360°. In each, the central vertical axis comprises the "neutral", "achromatic", or "gray" colors, ranging from black at lightness 0 or value 0, the bottom, to white at lightness 1 or value 1, the top.
In an attempt to create an intuitive color mixing model, computer graphics pioneers at PARC and NYIT developed the HSV model in the mid-1970s, formally described by Alvy Ray Smith in the August 1978 issue of "Computer Graphics". In the same issue, Joblove and Greenberg described the HSL model—whose dimensions they labeled "hue", "relative chroma", and "intensity"—and compared it to HSV.
These models were useful not only because they were more intuitive than raw RGB values, but also because the conversions to and from RGB were extremely fast to compute: they could run in real time on the hardware of the 1970s. Consequently, these models and similar ones have become ubiquitous throughout image editing and graphics software since then.
Another influential older cylindrical color model is the early-20th-century Munsell color model. Albert Munsell began with a spherical model in his 1905 book "A Color Notation", but he wished to separate color-making attributes into separate dimensions, which he called "hue", "value", and "chroma. A"fter taking careful measurements of human perception, he realized that no symmetrical shape would fit. So he reorganized his system into a blob.
Munsell's system became extremely popular, the de facto reference for American color standards—used not only for specifying the color of paints and crayons, but also electrical wire, beer, and soil color—because it was organized based on human perception measurements. It specified colors via an easily learned and systematic triple of numbers. The color chips sold in the "Munsell Book of Color" covered a wide gamut and remained stable over time (rather than fading). The trouble with the Munsell system for computer graphics applications is that its colors are not specified via any set of simple equations, but only via its measurements: effectively a lookup table.