Besides the tumor itself, the target for the radiation may also include the lymph nodes that drain the area. Doctors include the lymph nodes if they are clinically or radiologically involved with tumor, or if there is thought to be a risk of that individual cancer cells will spread. It is impossible to aim the radiation beam exactly because the tumor moves as the patient breathes. So, doctors also expect to include some healthy tissue around the tumor to make sure that the entire tumor is hit by radiation.
Radiation oncology is the medical specialty concerned with prescribing radiation. This is different than radiology, the use of radiation in medical imaging and diagnosis). Radiation may be prescribed by a radiation oncologist with intent to cure ("curative"). It may also be used as palliative treatment (where cure is not possible and the aim is for local disease control or symptomatic relief) or as therapeutic treatment (where the therapy has survival benefit and it can be curative). It is also common to combine radiation therapy with surgery, chemotherapy, hormone therapy, Immunotherapy or some mixture of the four.
Most common cancer types can be treated with radiation therapy in some way. The precise treatment intent will depend on the tumor type, location, and stage, as well as the general health of the patient. Total body irradiation (TBI) is a radiation therapy technique used to prepare the body to receive a bone marrow transplant. Brachytherapy, in which a radiation source is placed inside or next to the area requiring treatment, is another form of radiation therapy that minimizes exposure of healthy tissue during procedures to treat cancers of the breast, prostate and other organs.
Radiation therapy can also be used in non-malignant conditions, such as the treatment of trigeminal neuralgia, severe thyroid eye disease, pterygium, pigmented villonodular synovitis, and prevention of keloid scar growth, vascular restenosis, and heterotopic ossification. Doctors limit the use of radiation therapy in non-malignant conditions because they worry about the radiation could start new cancers.
Dacarbazine
Dacarbizine is a type of drug used to fight cancer. It works by changing DNA, which makes cancer cells grow more slowly or completely stop growing. It is used against metastatic melanoma. Only about 15.3% of people who use the drug respond to it. People who use this drug do not live any longer as a result.
It has side effects, including less blood cells, damage to the liver. I can also sometimes make other types of cancer start growing.
Ross Hotel
The Ross Park is an old hotel in the Chilean city of Pichilemu. It was created by Agustín Ross Edwards in 1885, and remodeled in December 1987.
The park is located on Agustín Ross Avenue, in front of the old Ross Casino. The hotel was originally named "Great Hotel Pichilemu" (). The once grand Ross Hotel was constructed at the same time. Although the hotel, one of the oldest in Chile, is still partially open to guests, it is in a high state of disrepair.
The hotel was named National Monuments on February 25, 1988.
Liceo Santa Cruz
Santa Cruz High School (Liceo Santa Cruz) is a public high school in Santa Cruz, Chile.
On August 2, 1963 the Men's High School of Santa Cruz was created. Adriano Díaz donated land where the high school was going to be constructed. However, a sport complex was constructed there instead.
The high school opened on March 1, 1964 in an old house. It had at least 170 students. Many of these students already had finished their first or second grade in "Humanities" in the Pedro Aguirre Cerda High School, but it was not recognized officially.
The first principal was Osvaldo Castillo, who hired teachers. Almost all of the teachers had worked in the Pedro Aguirre High School.
A logo and a standard were designed. Both included palm trees, which were common in the city. The anthem of the high school was composed by Raúl Benavides.
Chronic myeloid leukemia
Chronic myeloid leukemia is a chronic (slowly progressive) form of leukemia. It can be treated with Gleevec (Imatinib). Other treatments that are sometimes used include Interferon. Hydroxyurea has also been used, as has Busulfan.
Zoom (1972 TV series)
Zoom (stylized as ZOOM) is a January 1972-1978 and January 1999-July 2006 television show (series) on PBS.
Haboob
A haboob is a storm that forms in the downdrafts of a thunderstorm. The downdrafts are caused by air being pushed down onto the ground, similiar to a leaf blower. They can be seen in deserts like the Saharan and in places like Arizona.
A thunderstorm can make strong downdrafts, which is just wind that blows down towards the surface of the Earth. When the wind hits the Earth, it starts to move sideways and picks up dirt and dust. It makes a cloud of dust that is bad for people, animals and plants.
Food waste
Food waste is food that is thrown away, either because it is not needed, or because it must be thrown away by law.
Large amounts of food waste can occur at any stage in the process of producing food. In subsistence agriculture, the amounts of food waste are unknown. Very likely, very little food is wasted, because food is produced because of a need for food. In the developed world, the food industry produces food for a global marketplace demand.
Research has been done to see where food waste occurred. The researchers looked at the food industry of the United States and found that food was wasted at the beginning of the food production. From planting, crops can be subjected to pest infestations and bad weather, which cause losses before harvest. Natural forces such as temperature and rainfall are the main influences on the growth of crops. For this reason, all forms of outdoor agriculture is subject to losses beecause of these influences. The use of machinery in harvesting can cause waste, as harvesters may be unable to discern between ripe and immature crops, or collect only part of a crop. Food is also wasted because it does not meet certain standards or regulations for quality and appearance As a result, certain crops that do not meet these standards are not harvested; left in the field, they can provide fertilizer, or food for animals.
It is unknown how much food waste occurs during food processing. When food is stored, considerable amounts are wasted because of pests and microorganisms. This problem occurs in countries where it is both relatively hot, and humid. These conditions boost the growth of pests and microorganisms. Extreme temperature, humidity, or microoganisms also influence the nutritional value, caloric value and edibility of crops and account for food waste. The "qualitative losses" are more difficult to assess than quantitative ones. More losses occur because the food is not handled correctly, or because it loses weight or volume.
It is difficult to reduce some of the food waste produced by processing without affecting the quality of the product. Certain regulations concerning the safety of foods cause food to be wasted, before it even reaches the market.
Safety regulations are in place to protect the health of the consumer. They are very important, especially where foodstuffs of animal origin are processed. Contaminated products from these sources can lead to and are associated with microbiological and chemical hazards.
Preventing health issues is more important than preventing food waste, or the reuse of foods that do not meet the standards.,
Antonio Barragán
Antonio Barragán (born 12 June 1987) is a Spanish football player. He plays for Real Valladolid.
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Borja Oubiña
Borja Oubiña (born 17 May 1982) is a Spanish football player. He plays for Celta Vigo.
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Bojan Krkić
Bojan Krkić (born 28 August 1990) is a Spanish football player. He plays for A.S. Roma.
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Raúl Tamudo