Proteus was found from the images taken by "Voyager 2" probe during the Neptune flyby in 1989. It got the designation S/1989 N 1. Stephen P. Synnott and Bradford A. Smith said (IAUC 4806) its discovery on July 7, 1989, speaking only of “17 frames taken over 21 days”, which gives a discovery date of sometime before June 16. The name was given on 16 September 1991.
Proteus is more than 400 kilometres in diameter, bigger than Nereid, another moon of Neptune. However, it was not found by Earth-based telescopes because it is so close to the planet that it is lost in the glare of reflected sunlight.
Proteus is one of the darkest objects in the solar system. Like Saturn's moon Phoebe, it reflects only 6 percent of the sunlight that hits it. Proteus is very cratered, showing no sign of any geological changes. It is also not a sphere; scientists believe Proteus is about as big as a body of its density can be without being pulled into a spherical shape by its own gravity. Saturn's moon Mimas has much more spherical shape despite being less massive than Proteus.
Nereid (moon)
Nereid or Neptune II, is a moon of Neptune.
Nereid was found on 1 May 1949 by Gerard Kuiper, who suggested the name in the report of his discovery. It is named after the Nereids, sea-nymphs of Greek mythology.
It was the farthest of Neptune's known moons for a long time (Halimede through Neso have since taken that honour), and is the third biggest, with a diameter of 340 km. Its orbit averages 5,513,400 km in radius, but is very eccentric and varies from 1,353,600 to 9,623,700 kilometres. For a long time this was the most highly eccentric orbit of any known moon in the solar system, but Bestla, a more recently discovered moon of Saturn has a more eccentric orbit. The unusual orbit suggests that it may be a captured asteroid or Kuiper belt object, or possibly that it was perturbed during the capture of Neptune's largest moon Triton. Very little else is known of Nereid.
Nereid was too far to be properly imaged by the "Voyager 2" probe when it visited the Neptune system in 1989. Photos sent back show only its very non-spherical shape, and no surface features could be seen at the resolution available.
38 (number)
Thirty-eight is a number. It comes between thirty-seven and thirty-nine, and is an even number. It is divisible by 1, 2, 19, and 38.
39 (number)
Thirty-nine is a number. It comes between thirty-eight and forty, and is an odd number. It is divisible by 1, 3, 13, and 39.
41 (number)
Forty-one is a number. It comes between forty and forty-two, and is an odd number. It is also the 13th prime number, after 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, 23, 29, 31, and 37.
Ocean Springs, Mississippi
Ocean Springs is a city in Jackson County, Mississippi, USA, about 2 miles east of Biloxi. It is part of the Pascagoula, Mississippi Metropolitan Statistical Area. The population was 17,225 at the 2000 census.
42 (number)
Forty-two is a number. It comes between forty-one and forty-three, and is an even number. It is divisible by 1, 2, 3, 6, 7, 14, 21, and 42.
42 is an extremely interesting number to mathematicians, because of its many features. For example:
There are at least a dozen more features of interest to number theory enthusiasts.
"42" is the "Answer to the Ultimate Question of Life, the Universe, and Everything" in Douglas Adams' "The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy" books.
The number makes regular appearances in Lewis Carroll's writings, such as in "The Hunting of the Snark". Rule Forty-two in "Alice's Adventures in Wonderland" is "All persons more than a mile high to leave the court". Charles Dodgson was a mathematician.
Gautier, Mississippi
Gautier is a city along the Gulf of Mexico, west of Pascagoula, in Jackson County, Mississippi, United States. It is part of the Pascagoula, Mississippi Metropolitan Statistical Area. The population was 11,681 at the 2000 census. Locally, the name is pronounced as "go-CHAY," reflecting its French origin. Descendants of the Gautier family, for whom it was named, still live in the area.
Pascagoula, Mississippi
Pascagoula is a city in Jackson County, Mississippi, United States. It is the main city of the Pascagoula, Mississippi Metropolitan Statistical Area, as a part of the Gulfport-Biloxi-Pascagoula, Mississippi Combined Statistical Area. The population was 22,392 at the 2010 census. It is the county seat of Jackson County.
43 (number)
Forty-three is a number. It comes between forty-two and forty-four, and is an odd number. It is also the 14th prime number, after 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, 23, 29, 31, 37, and 41.
44 (number)
Forty-four is a number. It comes between forty-three and forty-five, and is an even number. It is divisible by 1, 2, 4, 11, 22 and itself, 44.
Sonoma County, California
Sonoma County is a county in the U.S. state of California. It is located north of the San Francisco Bay. It is the northernmost of the nine San Francisco Bay Area counties. Sonoma County is surrounded by 4 counties: Marin County to the south, Mendocino County to the north, Lake County to the northeast, and Napa County to the east. The county seat is in Santa Rosa.
Sonoma County was one of the original counties formed when California became a state in 1850.
The U.S. Census Bureau estimates that the population was 500,292 in 2014.
Some of the cities in Sonoma County include:
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45 (number)
Forty-five is a number. It comes between forty-four and forty-six, and is an odd number. It is divisible by 1, 3, 5, 9, 15, and 45.
46 (number)
Forty-six is a number. It comes between forty-five and forty-seven, and is an even number. It is divisible by 1, 2, 23, and 46.
Russian River
The Russian River is the largest river and watercourse in Sonoma County, California. In addition to flowing through Sonoma, part of the river is also in Mendocino County, California. The mouth of the river is at the Pacific Ocean at Goat Rock Beach.
47 (number)
Forty-seven is a number. It comes between forty-six and forty-eight, and is an odd number. It is also the 15th prime number, after 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, 23, 29, 31, 37, 41, and 43.
Halimede (moon)
Halimede is a non-spherical moon of Neptune. It was found by Matthew J. Holman "et al." on August 14, 2002.
Halimede follows a very inclined and very eccentric orbit seen on the image in relation to other non-spherical moons of Neptune.
Halimede is about 62 kilometres in diameter (assuming an albedo of 0.04) and appears neutral (grey) in the visible light.
Given the very similar colour of the moon to that of Nereid together with a high probability (41%) of their collision in the lifespan of the Solar system, it has been suggested that the moon could be a piece of Nereid.
Halimede, or Neptune IX, like many of the farther moons of Neptune, is named after one of the Nereids, the fifty daughters of Nereus and Doris. Before the announcement of its name on February 3, 2007 (IAUC 8802), Halimede was known by the designation S/2002 N 1.
Hurricane Katrina tornado outbreak
The Hurricane Katrina tornado outbreak was a tornado outbreak across the eastern United States from August 29 to 31, 2005, spawned mostly by the outer bands of Hurricane Katrina (or the remnants thereof).
One person was killed and numerous communities suffered damage of varying degrees from central Mississippi to Pennsylvania, with Georgia the hardest hit. It was the worst tornado outbreak ever in the month of August in that state.
There were a total of 44 confirmed tornadoes - 18 in Georgia, 11 in Mississippi, 5 each in Virginia and Pennsylvania, 4 in Alabama, and 1 isolated tornado in Florida three days before the main outbreak.
Square number
A square number, sometimes also called a perfect square, is the result of an integer multiplied by itself. 1, 4, 9, 16 and 25 are the first five square numbers.
In a formula, the square of a number "n" is denoted (exponentiation), usually pronounced as ""n" squared". The name square number comes from the name of the shape; see below.