In some Middle Eastern countries, coffee and cardamom are often ground in a wooden mortar and cooked together in a mihbaz, an oven using wood or gas, to produce mixtures that are as much as forty percent cardamom.
In South Asia, green cardamom is often used in traditional Pakistani sweets and in "Masala chai (spiced tea)".
Black cardamom is sometimes used in garam masala for curries. It is occasionally used as a garnish in basmati rice and other dishes. It is often referred to as fat cardamom due its size ('Moti Elaichi'). Individual seeds are sometimes chewed, in much the same way as chewing-gum. It has also been known to be used to make gin. Cardamom was used to make the spiced wine, claret, in the Middle Ages.
In South Asia, Green cardamom is often used to treat infections of the teeth and gums. It is also used against troubles of the throat, congestion of the lungs and pulmonary tuberculosis, inflammation of eyelids and also digestive disorders. It has been used to break up kidney and gall stones, and as an antidote against the poison of certain snake bites.
"Amomum" is used as a spice and as an ingredient in traditional medicine in systems of the traditional Chinese medicine in China, in Ayurveda in India, Japan, Korea and Vietnam.
Among other species, varieties and cultivars, "Amomum villosum" cultivated in China, Laos and Vietnam is used in traditional Chinese medicine to treat stomach-aches, constipation, dysentery, and other digestion problems. "Tsaoko" cardamom "Amomum tsao-ko" is cultivated in Yunnan, China and northwest Vietnam, both for medicinal purposes and as a spice.
The demand for these herbs has increased since the 1980s. Growing cardamom has become an important source of income for many poor farmers. These people usually live in higher altitudes, sometimes in remote areas, in China, Laos and Vietnam.
Until recently, Nepal has been the world's largest producer of large cardamom. Guatemala has become the world's largest producer and exporter of cardamom, with an export total of US$137.2 million for 2007.
Hayden Foxe
Hayden Foxe (born 23 June 1977) is a Australian football player. He has played for Australia national team.
1||0||||||||||1||0
37||5||6||3||2||0||45||8
4||0||||||||||4||0
71||3||||||||||71||3
8||0||||||||||8||0
121||8||6||3||2||0||129||11
!Total||11||2
Sergio Escudero (footballer, born 1988)
43||3||2||1||13||2||1||0||59||6
43||3||2||1||13||2||1||0||59||6
Sergio Escudero (footballer, born 1964)
colspan="2"|-||0||0||0||0||0||0
colspan="2"|-||0||0||0||0||0||0
Osvaldo Escudero
Osvaldo Escudero (born October 15, 1960) is a former Argentine football player.
18||4||4||0||8||0||30||4
18||4||4||0||8||0||30||4
Giorgio Chiellini
Giorgio Chiellini (born 14 August 1984) is an Italian football player. He plays for Juventus and Italy national team.
198||17||13||1||14||1||225||19
198||17||13||1||14||1||225||19
!Total||27||2
Jonathan Zebina
Jonathan Zebina (born 19 July 1978) is a French football player. He plays for Juventus.
27||0||||||colspan="2"|-||27||0
218||1||22||0||37||0||277||1
245||1||22||0||37||0||304||1
!Total||1||0
Alessio Tacchinardi
Alessio Tacchinardi (born 23 July 1975) is a former Italian football player. He has played for Italy national team.
304||18
45||3
349||21
!Total||13||0
Dininho
Irondino Ferreira Neto (born 23 July 1975) is a Brazilian football player.
35||1||1||0||6||0||42||1
35||1||1||0||6||0||42||1
Júlio Baptista
Júlio Baptista (born 1 October 1981) is a Brazilian football player. He plays for Roma and Brazil national team.
75||10||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||75||10
122||49||15||5||colspan="2"|-||18||6||155||60
24||3||4||0||3||6||4||1||35||10
27||9||2||0||colspan="2"|-||7||2||36||11
248||71||21||5||3||6||29||9||301||91
!Total||45||5
Dido Havenaar
Dido Havenaar (born 26 September 1957) is a former Dutch-Japanese football player.
222||0||6||0||35||0||263||0
222||0||6||0||35||0||263||0
Miguel Ángel Angulo
Miguel Ángel Angulo (born 23 June 1977) is a Spanish football player. He has played for Spain national team.
345||51||40||9||83||14||468||74
0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
345||51||40||9||83||14||468||74
!Total||11||0
Manuele Blasi
Manuele Blasi (born 17 August 1980) is an Italian football player. He plays for Città di Palermo.
235||1||27||0||8||0||270||1
235||1||27||0||8||0||270||1
!Total||8||0
Stephen Appiah
Stephen Appiah (born 24 December 1980) is a Ghanaian football player. He plays for Ghana national team.
144||10
64||11
208||21
!Total||||
Ancyloxypha
Ancyloxypha is a genus of butterflies in the family Hesperiidae.
Developed country
A developed country (also known as an industrialised country or more economically developed country (MEDC)) is a country that has more businesses and infrastructures (roads, airports, electricity, etc) than a developing country. The numbers most used for measuring economic growth is gross domestic product (GDP) and per capita income (average money per person). Others include the amount of industry, how much infrastructure there is, literacy, life expectancy and the basic standard of living. There is no exact way of saying what country is developed or developing. People often discuss the question of whose countries are the most developed ones,
Developed countries have , which means that the service sector becomes more important, and the is less important. Service sector jobs are those where a person does something for another, like selling or fixing a product. Industry sector jobs are actually making a product, usually in a factory. In a developed country, industry jobs may be moved (outsourced) to less developed countries that pay workers less money. Developing countries may be in the process of industrialization (building the factories and infrastructure) and underdeveloped countries usually depend on agriculture, often subsistence farming.
The first industrialised country was the UK, followed by Belgium. Later industrialised countries were Germany, the US, France and other Western European countries. According to , the current split between the developed and developing world is mostly an event of the 20 century.
According to the International Monetary Fund, developed countries supplied over half of the global GDP in 2010. In 2012, the "major advanced economies" were the US, Japan, Germany, France, the UK, Italy, and Canada. These are also called the G7.
The G7 has 10% of the world's population, but produces nearly 40% of the world's GDP. They also control many of the economic decisions that affect the world. The United Nations Security Council has five permanent members, four of those are in the G8 (G7 plus Russia).
Terms similar to "developed country" include "advanced country", "industrialised country", "more developed country (MDC), "more economically developed country (MEDC) (compared to "less economically developed country(LEDC)"), "Global North country", "first-world country", and " country".
Economic criteria are usually seen as most important. This includes income per capita (average money for each person). Countries with high GDP per capita and mature industrialization are described as "developed countries". But modernization is not always seen as the only way to measure progress.
Recently, another measure, the Human Development Index (HDI), which combines jobs, income, along with access to medicine, life expectancy, and education has become prominent. The UN HDI is measures a country's level of human development. While there is a strong connection between a high HDI score and a prosperous economy, it is not always the case. The top 47 countries by HDI have scores ranging from 0.793 in Barbados to 0.955 in Norway. Many countries having an HDI of 0.788 and over (as of 2010), are also listed by IMF or CIA as "advanced" (as of 2009). The country of Bhutan started the idea of Gross National Happiness (GNH), to measure how happy people actually are. They felt the GNH was as important as GDP, and this idea has spread beyond Bhutan.
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