Silver(II) fluoride, also known as argentic fluoride, is a chemical compound. Its chemical formula is AgF. It has silver in its +2 oxidation state. It also contains fluoride ions.
It is a white or gray crystalline solid. It is usually black or brown because of impurities. It is a powerful oxidizing agent. It is one of the only silver compounds that is in the +2 oxidation state. Most of the silver compounds are in the +1 oxidation state. It can react with glass. It should be stored in certain fluorinated plastics.
It is extremely reactive. It reacts with xenon. It also reacts with water to make oxygen and hydrofluoric acid. It reacts with acids to make ozone. It reacts with iodide to make iodide. It also reacts with hydrogen peroxide to make oxygen.
It is very expensive. Only a little is made each year.
Silver(II) fluoride is made by reacting fluorine with silver(I) oxide. It can also be made by reacting silver(I) fluoride or silver chloride with fluorine.
Silver(II) fluoride is used to add fluoride to certain chemical compounds. It is not used much because it is very expensive.
Silver(II) fluoride is very corrosive and toxic. It reacts with water to make toxic hydrofluoric acid. It also corrodes glass.
Katrina cottage
Katrina cottages are small houses designed and marketed in the United States in the wake of Hurricane Katrina (August 2005). They were designed as a response to the inadequacies of the trailers issued to flood victims by the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA). The homes are designed to attempt to fulfill the needs of their occupants in a more permanent and weather-resistant manner, while addressing the challenges of building and protecting a home in the Gulf Coast region. Some of the homes are elevated, on stilts, particularly in southern Louisiana and Mississippi, where much of the land currently used is near sea level, protected by levees, or prone to flooding by nearby rivers or coastal storm surges or high tides.
Though designs differ somewhat, the main factor for appearance is that Katrina cottages look like traditional homes in the area, reduced in size to lower costs and ease construction so that multiple units can be built quickly as needed. The Katrina cottages are usually one-bedroom, shotgun-house designs, with a front porch that helps stabilize the house from strong winds. Hence, they tend to be smaller than many house trailers, which have 2 or 3 bedrooms (as in a double wide trailer); however, the cottages are constructed of heavier materials to resist winds that would buckle the light-weight walls of mobile homes.
The best-known of these designs are those by Marianne Cusato, whose original "Katrina Cottage" made the term popular and received in 2006 the first annual People's Design Award from the Cooper-Hewitt Museum of the U.S. Smithsonian Institution. As Cusato's design and others gained increasing media attention, the number of designs has increased. The home-improvement retailer Lowe's offers pre-packaged Katrina Cottage kits, including plans and all materials needed for construction. A Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) pilot program accommodating 900 Mississippi coast families encountered some opposition from local government officials opposed to permanent small housing units, although Mississippi Governor Haley Barbour urged local officials to accept the cottages as safer than trailers, in high winds or moderate floods.
Silver fluoride
Silver fluoride can refer to either of these chemical compounds:
Silver(I) fluoride
Silver(I) fluoride is a chemical compound. Its chemical formula is AgF. It contains silver in its +1 oxidations state. It also contains fluoride ions.
It is a yellow-brown solid. It can turn black when in moist air. It dissolves easily in water. It is an oxidizing agent because of the silver ion.
It is made by reacting silver(I) carbonate with hydrofluoric acid.
It is used to add fluoride to organic compounds.
Silver compounds can stain skin. They are also oxidizing agents and should be kept away from metal.
Silver(I) carbonate
Silver(I) carbonate is a chemical compound. Its chemical formula is AgCO. It contains silver in its +1 oxidation state. It also contains carbonate ions.
It is a yellow solid. It reacts with acids to make carbon dioxide and a silver(I) salt. It does not dissolve in water.
It is made by reacting sodium carbonate with silver nitrate.
It is used as a catalyst.
Silver compounds can irritate skin. If consumed, they may turn the skin blue.
Silver chloride
Silver chloride is a chemical compound. Its chemical formula is AgCl. It contains silver in its +1 oxidation state. It also contains chloride ions.
It is a white crystalline solid. It does not dissolve in water. When it is exposed to light, it turns back into silver and chlorine. It dissolves in several solutions, such as ammonia.
It can be made by reacting a common chloride such as sodium chloride with silver nitrate.
It is used in photographic film. It darkens when exposed to light, which makes a picture. It is also used in electrochemistry. It is used as a disinfectant in bandages. It is also used to make stained glass. It can be used when someone is poisoned with mercury.
It can irritate skin. It can also stain the skin. It is a weak oxidizing agent.
Silver bromide
Silver bromide is a chemical compound. Its chemical formula is AgBr. It contains silver in its +1 oxidation state. It also contains bromide ions.
It is a light yellow solid. It does not dissolve in water. It darkens when light shines on it. The darkening is because it turns into silver metal and bromine gas. It reacts with ammonia to dissolve.
It is made by reacting a bromide such as potassium bromide or sodium bromide with silver nitrate.
It is used in photographic film. Many science studies are on this. Scientists are figuring out how it changes color when light shines on it.
Potassium bromide
Potassium bromide is a chemical compound. Its chemical formula is KBr. It contains potassium and bromide ions.
It is a white crystalline solid. It dissolves easily in water. When it is dilute, it tastes sweet; when it is a little concentrated, it tastes bitter; when it is very concentrated, it tastes salty. This taste is because of the potassium ion.
It can be made by reacting hydrogen bromide with potassium carbonate or potassium hydroxide. It can also be made by reacting bromine and potassium metal. This is very difficult, though.
It is used to put people to sleep (sedative). It is also used to stop convulsions. This is because of the bromide ion, not the potassium ion. It is used to make silver bromide. It is used to treat various animals.
Bromide ions can be toxic in large amounts. Potassium ions can burn, similar to salt when someone eats too much.
Silver iodide
Silver iodide is a chemical compound. Its chemical formula is AgI. It contains silver in its +1 oxidation state. It also contains iodide ions.
Silver iodide is a yellow solid. It does not dissolve in water. It turns dark when light is shined on it. The darkening is caused by a chemical reaction. The silver iodide turns into silver and iodine.
It is made by reacting an iodide such as sodium iodide with silver nitrate.
Silver iodide is sprinkled in clouds to make rain. It can also be used in photographic film.
Silver iodide is toxic. It can stain skin. It is not as toxic as other silver compounds that dissolve in water. The iodide also is toxic.
Kasana
Kasana are a part of the Gurjar clan. They mostly live in Pakistan, India, and Afghanistan.
Drosera regia