Climatology is the study of climate, scientifically defined as weather conditions averaged over a period of time, and is a branch of the atmospheric sciences. Basic knowledge of climate can be used within shorter term weather forecasting using analog techniques such as teleconnections and climate indices.
Harder, Better, Faster, Stronger
Harder, Better, Faster, Stronger is a 2001 single from the album "Discovery" by Daft Punk.
Kanye West's 2007 song "Stronger" from the album "Graduation" uses a sample from "Harder, Better, Faster, Stronger".
Fiona Apple
Fiona Apple McAfee Maggart, or Fiona Apple (born September 13, 1977) is an American musician. Her song "Criminal", which was on her first album, "Tidal", won a Grammy Award in 1998 for Best Female Rock Vocal Performance.
Since then Apple has released three studio albums.
Apple was born in New York City to singer Diane McAfee and actor Brandon Maggart. She started psychotherapy when she was 11. When she was 12 she was raped outside the apartment she lived in. She had obsessive-compulsive disorder.
In 1994 Apple gave demo tape containing the songs "Never Is a Promise", "Not One of Those Times", and "He Takes a Taxi" to her friend, who was the babysitter of music publicist Kathryn Schenker. Schenker passed the tape on to Sony Music executive Andy Slater. Slater signed Apple to the label. In 1996 Apple's first album "Tidal" was released. Apple won the MTV Video Music Award for "Best New Artist" for her song "Sleep to Dream" in 1997. Apple famously said that "the world is bullshit" in her acceptance speech.
In 1999 Apple's second album "When the Pawn..." was released.
Apple sang with Johnny Cash on a cover of Simon & Garfunkel's "Bridge over Troubled Water" on Cash's 2002 album "American IV: The Man Comes Around".
Apple's third album "Extraordinary Machine" was released in 2005. Apple was on the cover of NYLON magazine.
In 2012 Apple's fourth album "The Idler Wheel..." was released.
A cover of "I'm in the Middle of a Riddle" that Apple made with her sister Maude Maggart was released on February 4 on "Sweetheart", a Valentine's album only sold at Starbucks.
Apple is vegan. In October 2013 she asked a fan to leave her concert in Portland, Oregon after they shouted "Get healthy!" at her.
Pastor
A pastor is what a leader is called in some Christian Churches. The word "pastor" is Latin for "shepherd".
Egyptology
Egyptology is the study of Ancient Egypt. It falls under both history and archaeology. Someone who studies or works in this field is called an Egyptologist.
Lichfield
Lichfield is a small city in Staffordshire, England.
The first part of the name comes from a nearby Roman-British village called "Letocetum". It was captured by the Mercians some time before 669, when it was called "Licidfelth". Between 786 and 803, the Christian archbishop in England was here, instead of Canterbury.
New France
New France was a colony settled by France in North America. The regions in New France included Quebec, Acadia, and the Louisiana Territory. Quebec City was its capital. The French settled there after finding Quebec and in doing so created New France. The colony was most valuable for its fur trade. France lost the colony during the French and Indian War and it became part of British North America, except the western part of the Louisiana Territory which France had ceded in 1762 to the Spanish Empire. In 1800 Spain returned that territory to Napoleon, who sold it to the United States in 1803.
El Llano, Elías Piña
El Llano ("The Plain") is a Dominican municipality in the Elías Piña province.
The municipality had, in 2010, a total population of 4,193: 2,161 men and 2,032 women. The urban population was of the total population.
El Llano became a municipality by the law 687 of 2 July 1974. Before that date, it was part of Comendador.
El Llano has an area of . It is to the east of Comendador, next to the San Juan province.
The municipality of El Llano has only one municipal district; this is:
The main economic activity of the municipality is farming. The main crop is rice.
Hondo Valle, Elías Piña
Hondo Valle (in English, "Deep Valley") is a Dominican municipality in the Elías Piña Province. It is in the northern "Sierra de Neiba" mountain range.
The municipality had, in 2010, a total population of 7,194: 3,782 men and 3,412 women. The urban population was of the total population.
Hondo Valle was elevated to the category of municipality by the law 916 of 12 August 1978. Before that date, it was a municipal district of Comendador.
Hondo Valle is in a small valley on the Sierra de Neiba mountain range, at an elevation of 890 m. It is at to the south of Comendador.
The limits of the municipality are the municipality of El Llano to the north, the municipality of Juan Santiago to the east, the Independencia province to the south and Haiti to the west.
Hondo Valle has a tropical wet and dry/savanna (Köppen climate classification : Aw).
The average amount of rainfall for the year in the city is . The month with the most precipitation on average is May with of rainfall, followed by September with .
The driest season is winter. The month with the least rainfall on average is January with an average of and the second is December with .
Hondo Valle is in a warm region; the average temperature for the year is . The warmest month, on average, is July with an average temperature of . The coolest month on average is January, with an average temperature of .
The municipality of Hondo Valle has only one municipal district; this is:
The main economic activity of the municipality is farming.
Juan Santiago, Elías Piña
Juan Santiago is a Dominican municipality in the Elías Piña province.
The municipality had, in 2010, a total population of 4,360: 2,394 men and 1,966 women. The urban population was of the total population.
Juan Santiago became a municipal district of Comendador by the law 916 of 12 August 1978. Then, in 2005, it became a municipality of the Elías Piña province.
Juan Santiago has an area of . The limits of the municipality are the municipality of El Llano to the north, the San Juan province to the east, the Independencia province to the south and the municipality of Hondo Valle to the west.
The main economic activity of the municipality is farming.
Río Limpio, Elías Piña
Río Limpio (in English, "Clean River") is a Dominican municipal district of Pedro Santana in the Elías Piña Province.
The municipality had, in 2010, a total population of 3,364: 1,913 men and 1,451 women. The urban population was of the total population.
Río Limpio became a municipal district of Pedro Santana by the law 36 of 15 November 1992.
Río Limpio has an area of . It is on the right side of the "Vallecito" river, a left tributary of the Artibonite river.
The town is to the west of the "Loma Nalga de Maco" mountain, high (), the highest mountain in the western Cordillera Central mountain range.
The limits of the municipality are the Dajabón province to the northwest, the Santiago Rodríguez province to the northeast, the San Juan province to the east, the municipality of Pedro Santana to the south and Haiti to the west.
The main economic activity of the municipality is farming. The main crops are coffee and rice.
Sabana Cruz, Elías Piña
Sabana Cruz (in English, "Savanna [of the] Cross") is a Dominican municipal district of Bánica in the Elías Piña Province. It has a total area of 66.0 km².
Sabana Cruz is on the southwest of the municipality of Bánica, on the border with Haiti.
In the last national census (2002), the population of Sabana Cruz was of 2,081 persons. The population density was 31.5 persons/km².
The main economic activity of the municipality is agriculture.
Sabana Larga, Elías Piña
Sabana Larga (in English, "Long Savanna") is a Dominican municipal district of Comendador in the Elías Piña Province near the border with Haiti.