The characteristics of this secret or key are determined by the system which uses it; some system require that such keys be in a specific format. It can be a password like 'bret13i', a passphrase like 'Idaho hung gear id gene', or a hexadecimal string like '65E4 E556 8622 EEE1'. The secret is used by all systems involved in the cryptographic processes used to secure the traffic between the systems.
The term is used in Wi-Fi encryption such as WEP or WPA, where both the wireless access points (AP) and all clients "share" the same key.
Since one weakpoint of the crypto system is the encryption algorithm's key, the key strength is important, and since the strength of a key is in part dependent on the key length, it is important to choose a key whose length is cryptographically secure (see password strength). There are several tools available to help one choose a strong key. The Diceware method is one example.
Corse-du-Sud
Corse-du-Sud is a department in the south of France. Its prefecture is Ajaccio. As of 2006, about 125,000 people live there.
Haute-Corse
Haute-Corse is a department in the south of France. Its prefecture is Bastia. Haute-Corse has a population of about 148,000 (2006 estimation).
Côte-d'Or
Côte-d'Or (literally, "Slope of Gold", "Golden Slope") is a department in the eastern France. It is one of the 83 first French departments made during the French revolution and one of the eight departments of the Bourgogne-Franche-Comté region.
Its prefecture (capital) is the city of Dijon. The inhabitants of the department are called "Costaloriens" (women:"Costaloriennes") or "Côte-d'Oriens" (women:"Côte d'Oriennes").
Côte-d'Or is one of the original 83 departments created during the French Revolution on 4 March 1790. It was formed from part of the old province of Burgundy. It was divided in seven districts: Arnay-le-Duc, Beaune, Châtillon-sur-Seine, Dijon, Is-sur-Tille, Saint-Jean-de-Losne and Semur-en-Auxois.
In 1800, with the creation of the "arrondissements" in France, the seven districts were changed into four "arrondissements": Dijon, Beaune, Châtillon-sur-Seine and Semur-en-Auxois.
After the Battle of Waterloo (18 June 1815), the department was occupied by the Austrian army from June 1815 to November 1818.
In 1926, the "arrondissement" of Montbard was made with the "arrondissements" of Châtillon-sur-Seine and Semur-en-Auxois.
Côte-d'Or is the only French department who was not named after a geographical feature: a river, a mountain, and so on. The name was chosen by Charles-André-Rémy Arnoult, member of the National Constituent Assembly of 1789, who suggested the name, inspired by the golden hue that took the vineyards of the region in the autumn.
The French word "" means, in this case, a slope that geologists usually name with the Spanish word "".
Côte-d'Or is part of the region of Bourgogne-Franche-Comté. The department borders with 7 departments that are part of 2 regions:
The department has an area of . The highest point of the department is Mont de Gien (), high; it is in the "commune" Ménessaire. The lowest point of the department, high, is where the river Saône leaves the department, in the "commune" Chivres.
A chain of hills called the Plateau de Langres runs from north-east to south-west through the department to the north of Dijon and continues south-westwards as the Côte d'Or escarpment, which takes its name from that of the department (without the hyphen). It is the south-east facing slope of this which is the site of the celebrated Burgundy vineyards. To the south-east of the plateau and escarpment, the department lies in the broad valley of the middle section of the river Saône.
The main rivers of Côte-d'Or are:
The Köppen climate classification type for the climate at Dijon is an "Oceanic climate" (also known as Maritime Temperate climate) and of the subtype "Cfb".
The average temperature for the year in Dijon is . The warmest month, on average, is July with an average temperature of . The coolest month, on average is January, with an average temperature of .
The average amount of precipitation for the year in Dijon is . The month with the most precipitation on average is October with of precipitation. The month with the least precipitation on average is February with an average of .
In the Plateau de Langres, winters are long and cold with frequent frosts.
The department is managed by the "Departmental Council of Côte-d'Or" in Dijon. Côte-d'Or is part of the region of Bourgogne-Franche-Comté.
There are 3 "arrondissements" (districts), 23 "cantons" and 704 "communes" (municipalities) in Côte-d'Or.
The following is a list of the 23 cantons of the Côte-d'Or department (with their INSEE codes), following the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015:
Côte d'Or has a population, in 2014, of 531,380, for a population density of inhabitants/km. The "arrondissement" of Dijon, with 373,574 inhabitants, is by far the one with more inhabitants. The other two, Beaune and Montbard, have respectively 97,107 and 60,699 inhabitants.
Evolution of the population in Côte-d'Or
The main cities in the department are:
Côtes-d'Armor
Côtes-d'Armor is a department found in the west of France. Its prefecture is Saint-Brieuc and its population is about 561,000 (). It is one of the 83 first French departments made during the French revolution.
Côtes-d'Armor has also 3 subprefectures: Dinan, Guingamp and Lannion.
Creuse
Creuse () is a department in central France in the region of Nouvelle-Aquitaine. It is named after the Creuse river that flows through the department.
Creuse is one of the 83 French departments made during the French revolution, on 4 March 1790. It was created mainly with lands of the old province of County of La Marche.
The new department had seven districts: La Souterraine, Guéret, Boussac, Évaux, Felletin, Bourganeuf and Aubusson. The capital (now prefecture) was Guéret alternating with Aubusson, but soon only Guéret remained as capital.
In 1800, with the creation of the "arrondissements" in France, the seven districts were changed into four "arrondissements": Guéret, Aubusson, Bourganeuf and Boussac.
On 10 September 1926, the "arrondissements" of Bourganeuf et Boussac were eliminated.
Creuse is part of the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region. It has an area of .
The department is surrounded by 6 departments in 3 regions:
The department is in the northwestern part of the Massif Central; the "Millevaches" plateau is in the southeastern part of the department. The highest point is in "Forêt de Châteauvert" (), "commune" of Saint-Oradoux-de-Chirouze, southeastern of the department and in northeastern Massif Central; it is high; the lowest point is in the valley of the Creuse river, high.
The main river in the department is the Creuse, a tributary of the Vienne river and that gives its name to this the deparment; it flows through the department from the southeast to the northwest.
The department is managed by the "Departamental Council of the Creuse" in Guéret. Creuse is part of the region of Nouvelle-Aquitaine.
There are 2 "arrondissements" (districts), 15 "cantons" and 258 "communes" (municipalities) in Haute-Vienne.
The following is a list of the 15 cantons of the Creuse department (with their INSEE codes), in France, following the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015:
The inhabitants of Creuse are known, in French, as "Creusois" (women: "Creusoises").
Creuse has a population, in 2014, of 120,581, for a population density of inhabitants/km. The "arrondissement" of Guéret, with 83,458 inhabitants, is by far the largest. The other "arrondissement", Aubusson, has 37,123 inhabitants.
Evolution of the population in Dordogne
The main cities in the department are:
Dordogne
Dordogne () is a department in the southwest of France. It is named after the Dordogne river that runs through the department.