In 1965, Genscher was elected to the Bundestag, the West German parliament for the first time. From 1969 to 1974, he was Federal Minister of the Interior under Chancellor Willy Brandt.
Genscher was Foreign Minister and Vice Chancellor of Germany from 1974 to 1982 under Helmut Schmidt. Two weeks later, he began to serve in the same positions under Helmut Kohl. He served the second time from 1982 to 1992. He was Germany's longest serving Foreign Minister and Vice Chancellor.
Genscher died at his home in Wachtberg, Germany from heart failure on 31 March 2016, aged 89.
Jonny Kennedy (rugby union)
Jonny Kennedy (born 16 February 1990) is an English rugby union player for Sale Sharks in the Guinness Premiership. He was born in Leighton, Cheshire. He plays as a centre or on the wing.
Franz Müntefering
Franz Müntefering (born January 16, 1940) is a German politician. He used to be Chairman of the Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD).
Müntefering was born in Neheim-Hüsten near Arnsberg.
After his school time he was taught to became an industrial salesman.
He joined the Social Democratic Party in 1966.
He was member of the Bundestag (Federal Parliament) from 1975 to 1992 and again from 1998 to 2013.
1998 he was a member of the Landtag (state parliament) of North Rhine-Westphalia.
From 1992 to 1995 he was Secretary of Social affairs in the State of North Rhine-Westphalia.
From 1995 to 2001 Party Chairman in that state.
From 1995 to 1998 he was Bundesgeschäftsführer (federal executive director) of the SPD.
In 1998 he became Secretary for Transport and Infrastructure of Germany under Chancellor Gerhard Schröder.
From 1999 to 2002 he was Secretary General of the Social Democratic Party.
From 2002 to 2005 fraction leader in the Bundestag.
He was Party Chairman of the SPD from 2004 to 2005.
Uo from 2005 to 2007 he was Secretary for Working and Social Affairs and Vice Chancellor of Germany under Angela Merkel in her Grand Coaltion.
In 2007 he gave up all his jobs - excepted the mandate in Federal Parliament - for caring his ill wife.
After the death of his wife he returned.
From 2008 to 2009 he was Party Chairman of the SPD again.
Nick Royle
Nick Royle (born 1983) is a current England Rugby Sevens International rugby union player. He plays as a winger.
He has played for Warrington, Widnes Vikings, Sale Sharks and Fylde.
Carl Fearns
Carl Fearns (born 28 May 1989 in Liverpool) is an English rugby union player for Sale Sharks in the Guinness Premiership. He plays as a back-row.
James Gaskell
James Gaskell (born 20 May 1990) is a rugby union player for Sale Sharks in the Guinness Premiership. He was born in Crewe, Cheshire. He plays as a lock.
Martin Halsall
Martin Halsall (born 25 December 1984 in Blackpool, England) is a rugby union player for Sale Sharks in the Guinness Premiership. He plays as a prop.
Alex Shaw
Alex Shaw (born 31 March 1987 in Maidstone, Kent, England) is a rugby union player for Sale Sharks in the Guinness Premiership. He plays as a back-row.
Chris Leck
Chris Leck (born 21 May 1986 in Manchester, England) is a rugby union player for Sale Sharks in the Guinness Premiership. He plays as a scrum-half.
Secret Water
Secret Water is the eighth book in Arthur Ransome's "Swallows and Amazons" series of children's books. It was published in 1939.
This book is set in and around Hamford Water in Essex, close to the resort town of Walton-on-the-Naze. It brings the Swallows and the Amazons together and introduces a new group of characters, the Eels and the Mastodon. Ransome sailed to Hamford Water, an area of salt marshes and low lying islands in his boat "Nancy Blackett". He set the book in this tidal place which offered a new setting for his characters and chances to explore and map the area.
The Swallows mean to sail in the "Goblin" to Hamford Water and camp with their father, but he is called away on naval business. Instead he maroons them with a small boat (dinghy) on an island. Before he leaves, Father gives them a basic map of the area they call Secret Water and suggests they map the area before he returns to pick them up.
For a surprise, he has arranged for the Amazons to come down from the Lake District and join them with another dinghy.
They see some mysterious footprints which turn out to belong to the Mastodon, a local boy. He mistakes them for the Eels, another family who camp in the area regularly. Later the Eels arrive and are initially hostile before they settle down for a friendly war.
It seems that due to the distractions of war and being cut off by the tides, the chart will not be completed. However early in the last morning two separate groups of children complete it.
Gran Turismo (video game)
Gran Turismo is a driving simulation video game created by Polyphony Digital for Sony PlayStation console. The game was first sold in 1997. There are seven main games of "Gran Turismo" series and by late 2008 over 50 million "Gran Turismo" games have been sold by Sony. Each of the games simulate many different types of car including small, big, racing, old, new, Formula one and concept cars such as the Nike 2022. The cars look very realistic. Gran Turismo games were one of the first video games to include music from famous artists. Sony also released three Gran Turismo Concept versions. The game play is races similar to all real-life car racing including racing driver tests and everything from one short lap races in slow cars to 24 hour Le Mans racing challenges in prototype cars.
Aramid
Aramids are polymers. The name stands for "aromatic polyamide". Structurally aramids are similar to proteins.
Stephanie Kwolek developed aramids at DuPont in 1965. DuPont uses the trade name "Kevlar" for them..
Aramids are very present in security helmets, in splinter-resistant glass, in Ballistic vests, but also in other domains. They are used as a replacement for asbestos as a building material, for gaskets and other sealings, but also as helpers to make sails, parachutes and similar tools.
Brute force attack
A brute force attack is a term in cryptanalysis. It means trying to break a coded cyphertext by trying a lot of possibilities with fast computers. For example, a large number of the possible keys are tried in the key space. If successful , this decrypts the encrypted message.
The theoretical possibility of a brute force attack is recognized by the cryptographic system designers. They work to make the cryptographic system very difficult for computers to break using brute force attack. For that reason, one of the definitions of "breaking" a cryptographic scheme is to find a method faster than a brute force attack.
The selection of an appropriate key length depends on how difficult it will be to break it using a brute force attack. By obfuscating the data before encryption, brute force attacks are less effective and more difficult to determine.
The brute force attack can be used together with a dictionary attack.
For symmetric encryption, a key size of 128 bits is considered secure against brute force by traditional computers. 192 or 256 bits is considered secure against quantum computers. Many old ciphers, such as DES, used short keys which made them breakable by brute force.
Information theory
Information theory is a branch of applied mathematics and electrical engineering. Information theory measures the amount of information in data that could have more than one value. In its most common use, information theory finds physical and mathematical limits on the amounts of data in data compression and data communication. Data compression and data communication are statistical, because they guess unknown values. The amount of information in data measures how easily it is guessed by a person who does not know its value.