According to Facebook, the word "earthquake" appeared in the status updates of 3 million users within four minutes of the quake. Twitter said users were sending up to 5,500 tweets per second. This rate of messages was faster than during the death of Osama bin Laden. It was almost the same rate as the 2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami.
TSV Hartberg
The Turn- und Sportverein Hartberg is a football club from Hartberg, Styria. The club is playing in the First league, the second division in Austrian football. Beside the football section the club has 14 others, like chess, Judo and gymnastics.
The club was founded on 29 April 1946. Then the club had two parts, football and handball. In the meantime there are 14.
After a long time in lower classes Hartberg was first promoted to the Landesliga, the highest class in Styrian football, in 1978. 1978/79 the club won the Landesliga, but failed in the relegation tournament for promotion. A year later the club reached the quarterfinals of the Austrian Cup. 1994/95 the club became champion again and was promoted to the Regionalliga Mitte (3rd division). 2006 the team became champion of the Regionalliga Mitte and was promoted to the Ersten Liga (2nd division). Due to reforms of the league Hartberg was relegated the same season. On the last day of the season 2008–2009, TSV Hartberg finished in first poisition of the Austrian third division and was promoted to the 2009–2010 second division where they play at the moment.
The second squad is playing together with FSC Eggendorf (TSV Hartberg Amateure/FSC Eggendorf ).
The club plays in the Hartberg stadium. It is a multi-purpose stadium for 6000 visitors.
Candidatus
Candidatus is a term in the taxonomy (scientific classification) of bacteria.
It is a label put before the name of a bacterium which cannot be grown on an agar plate or in any other bacteriology culture. An example would be ""Candidatus" Phytoplasma allocasuarinae". Candidatus status may be used when a species or genus is well studied but cannot be cultured. Nowadays much information is got by 16S ribosomal RNA sequence analysis.
For correct publication of a species, bacteria must be isolated, cultured, described, and deposited in a bacteriology culture collection. However, some bacteria require special tissue culture conditions and cannot be maintained in Bacteriology Culture Collections. This includes bacteria which live inside other organisms or cells. These include obligately intracellular pathogens and endosymbionts, insect symbionts, and populations from oceans or sludge.
In 1994, Murray and Schleifer published a taxonomic note. They recommended that the new category of indefinite rank (Candidatus) be established for certain putative taxa that could not be described in sufficient detail to warrant establishment of a new taxon. It was also recommended that a Candidatus list should be established in the "International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology".
According to the "IRPCM Phytoplasma/Spiroplasma Working Team – Phytoplasma taxonomy group" the abbreviation for Candidatus should be Ca.
Carsonella ruddii
Candidatus Carsonella ruddii is an endosymbiotic gamma proteobacterium. It has the smallest known genome of any bacterium.
The species is an endosymbiont that is present in all species of phloem sap-feeding insects known as psyllids. The endosymbionts occurs in a specialised structure known as the bacteriome.
In 2006 the genome of one strain of "Ca." C. ruddi was sequenced at RIKEN in Japan and the University of Arizona. The genome is a circular chromosome of 159,662 base pairs and has a high coding density (97%) with many overlapping genes and reduced gene length. The number of predicted genes was 182, also the lowest on record (NCBI-Genome). Numerous genes considered essential for life seem to be missing, suggesting that the species may have achieved organelle-like status.
In comparison, "Mycoplasma genitalium", which has the smallest genome of any free-living organism, has a genome of 521 genes.
French Civil Aviation University
The French Civil Aviation University (French: "École nationale de l'aviation civile"), also known as ENAC, is a French public aeronautical "grande école." It was created on 28 August 1949. It has locations in Biscarosse, Carcassonne, Castelnaudary, Château-Arnoux-Saint-Auban, Grenoble, Melun, Montpellier, Muret, Saint-Yan and Toulouse, in France. It is a member of the "Conférence des Grandes Écoles", the University of Toulouse, and of the Aerospace Valley. It is one of five founders of France AEROTECH.
ENAC provides training in civil aeronautics. The university has around 25 courses. These include aerospace engineering, Masters, "Mastères Spécialisés", and courses for technicians, airline pilots, air traffic controllers, managers and flight instructors (people who teach others to fly planes).
Air travel grew rapidly in France after World War II. Safe air transport required staff trained specifically for this activity. It also required people in different sectors of the aviation world to work together and understand each other. That is why ENAC was started. Max Hymans, the secretary general of civil and commercial aviation, was the chief organiser.
ENAC was created on 28 August 1949 (Decree 49-1205) in Paris. The university was located in Orly, south of Paris. René Lemaire considers ENAC as "a university of aviation safety".
A report of the "Inspection générale de l'aviation civile" said: "It was in the minds of the creators of the university, to develop between the crew and the ground staff a community of ideas, reciprocal knowledge, and esteem, that are essential for the teamwork required by air transport." Training courses were longer or shorter depending on specialty.
The decree of 13 October 1959 announced the first partner of the university: Air France. It resulted in a sharing of tasks. It also established recruitment for airline pilots students with no previous flight experience. In 1958, the university already welcomed the first airline pilots students, on an experimental basis.
ENAC cooperated with the "École nationale de la météorologie" (National School of Meteorology). It promoted the teaching of this subject for air traffic controllers. After World War II, ENAC helped the conversion of military aircrew. The "Service de l'aviation légère et sportive" (SALS), under the decree of 31 March 1951, provided free flight training for airline pilot candidates coming from the army.
From 1949 to 1959, the number of courses held increased from 6 to 64. The number of students increased from 49 to 800. In 1956, the navigation instructor rating was created. A training programme also started. In 1958, the airline pilot theoretical training course started.
It had rites such as a reception in full uniform by local authorities when university officials and students arrived at a new location.
ENAC Orly also held a yearly trip for all the students.
The university moved to Toulouse in 1968. The main campus is still there in 2020. It also changed from an external department of the French civil aviation administration to a public administration institution in 1970.
The French Civil Aviation University was started close to Paris-Orly Airport. This location was near the largest French airport at the time. It offered easy use of airplanes for a lot of activities such as navigation flights and promotional trips. It was also close to many airlines and aircraft manufacturers or businesses related to the aviation industry. The managers of these businesses often gave lectures and conferences at the university.