The expressions "quantum leap" and "quantum jump" have become ordinary ways of talking about things. Usually people intend to describe something as involving a huge change that occurs over a short period of time. The term actually applies to the way an electron behaves in an atom either when it absorbs a photon coming in from the outside and so jumps from one orbit around the atom's nucleus to a higher orbit, or when it emits a photon and so falls from a higher orbit to a lower orbit. The idea of Niels Bohr and his colleagues was that the electron does not move between orbits but instead it disappears from one orbit and instantaneously appears in another orbit. So a quantum jump is really not some earth shattering change, but a sudden tiny change.
When humans measure some process on the subatomic scale and the uncertainty principle manifests itself, then human action can be said to have influenced the thing that was being measured. Making a measurement intended to get a definite indication of a particle's location will inevitably influence its momentum and whatever is done to measure that momentum as soon as possible after measuring its position, the probabilities of what momentum will be discovered cannot fail to have been changed. So the uncertainty principle can explain some kinds of interference produced by investigators that influence the results of an experiment or an observation. However, not all observer effects are due to quantum effects or the uncertainty principle. The remainder are "observer effects" but not quantum uncertainty effects.
Observer effects include all kinds of things that operate at our ordinary human scale of events. If an anthropologist tries to get a clear idea of life in a primitive society but his or her presence upsets the community he or she is visiting, then the observations made may be very misleading. However, none of the relevant interactions occur at the level described by quantum mechanics or the uncertainty principle.
Sometimes the word "quantum" will be used for advertising purposes to indicate something new and powerful. For instance, the manufacturer of small gasoline motors, Briggs and Stratton, has one line of four-cylinder low horsepower motors for gasoline mowers and similar garden tools that it calls "Quantum."
Louis de Broglie, Noonday, 1958
Werner Heisenberg
Originally published in German, "Zs. Phys. 33 (1925) 879-893. English translation:
"Sources of Quantum Mechanics," pp. 261–276. B. L. Van Der Waerden, Dover.
Ian J. R. Aitchison, David A. MacManus, Thomas M. Snyder. https://arxiv.org/abs/quant-ph/0404009
http://philsci-archive.pitt.edu/8590/1/Heis1935_EPR_Final_translation.pdf <br>
In translation, its title is: "Is a deterministic completion of quantum mechanics possible?" and the translators are Elise Crull and Guido Bacciagaluppi. The translation is dated 02 May 2011.
J.P. McEvoy and Oscar Zarate
Assyria
In the Middle Bronze Age,Assyria was a city state on the Upper Tigris river, named after its capital, the ancient city of Assur.
The Assyrians were just to the north of their rivals, the Babylonians. All the kingdoms of ancient Mesopotamia used the cuneiform writing system invented by the Sumerians.
Assyrians are an ethnic group whose descendents remain in what is today Iraq, Iran, Turkey and Syria, but who have gone to the Caucasus, North America and Western Europe during the past century. Hundreds of thousands more live in Assyrian Diaspora and Iraqi Refugees Communities in Europe, the former Soviet Union, The United States, Australia, New Zealand, Syria, Jordan, and Lebanon.
Forum
Forum (plural "forums" or "fora") may mean:
Yuri Andropov
Yuri Vladimirovich Andropov (1914-1984) was a Soviet politician. He was born in Nagutskoye, Russian SFSR.
Andropov was Director of the KGB for an unusually long time: 19671982 (Jan-May). He was General Secretary of the CPSU from November 12, 1982 until his death fifteen months later. He had diabetes mellitus and died of renal failure in Moscow, Russian SFSR.
Van (disambiguation)
A van is a road vehicle used for transporting goods or groups of people.
Van or may also refer to:
In Turkey:
Van, Turkey
Van (Armenian ) is a city in eastern Turkey and the seat of Van Province, and is on the eastern shore of Lake Van. The city's population in 2005 was 284,464. According to the "Encyclopedia of the Orient", Kurds form the majority though no census based on ethnicity was ever held in Turkey.
Van Province
Van () is a province in eastern Turkey, between Lake Van and the Iranian border. It is 19,069 km in area and has a population of 1,035,418 at the end of 2010. Kurds form the majority.
In the 9th century BC, the Van area was the center of the Urartian kingdom. For centuries after that, the area was a major Armenian population center. After World War I Armenian population was forced to leave and was cleansed during the Armenian Genocide.
Urartian language
Urartian is the name for the language spoken by the people of the ancient kingdom of Urartu in northeast Anatolia (present-day Turkey), in the region of Lake Van.
Urartian was a language isolate, which was neither Semitic nor Indo-European, but a member of the Hurro-Urartian family.
There is a hypothesis that suggests that besides the cuneiform inscriptions of the Urartian language, Urartu had a native hieroglyphic writing system. Armenian scientist Artak Movsisyan published a partial attempt deciphering of Urartian hieroglyphs, saying that they were written in an early form of Armenian.
Yamaha Corporation
Yamaha is a Japanese company that makes different products, including musical instruments such as keyboards.
Yamaha was founded in 1887 by "Torakusu Yamaha". It was named Nippon Gakki Company, Limited and produced pianos and reed organs at that time. In October 1987, on the 100th anniversary, its name was changed to The Yamaha Corporation. Yamaha produces several musical instruments including keyboards, flutes, guitars and things in a band. Yamaha also produces motorbikes, as well as the voice synthesizer Vocaloid. Yamaha is a big corporation and was founded 125 years ago.
In 1989, Yamaha shipped the world's first CD recorder.
Grease (movie)
Grease is a 1978 American romantic comedy musical movie directed by Randal Kleiser and produced by Robert Stigwood. The movie tells the story of high-schoolers Rizzo (Stockard Channing), Kenickie (Jeff Conaway), Danny (John Travolta), Frenchy (Didi Conn) and Sandy (Olivia Newton-John).
Danny Zuko (John Travolta) and Sandra Dee (Olivia Newton-John) meet in Los Angeles, California in summer 1959 and they fall in love. When Sandy has to leave to go back to Australia, they believe it is the end of their romance. However, Sandy gets transferred to his school and they meet again. When Danny sees Sandy again he acts as if he does not care about her. He does this to keep up his reputation, but Sandy does not know this and wishes she has never met him. She and Danny date on and off, but Sandy becomes frustrated with him because of the way he treats her. At the end of the movie, Sandy transforms herself into the kind of woman Danny could truly love forever and they get back together after much heartbreak and trivial matters.
Eastern Time Zone
Eastern Time Zone (ET) is the time zone for the eastern part of the Americas including the United States, Canada and parts of South America and the Caribbean. ET is five hours behind UTC in winter, which is called Eastern Standard Time (EST). It is four hours behind UTC during summer Daylight saving time, when it is called Eastern Daylight Time (EDT).
In Canada, the following provinces and territories are part of the Eastern Time Zone:
In the United States, the following states are part of the Eastern Time Zone:
Parts of several other states use Eastern Time as well:
The following countries that use Eastern Time Zone include:
In South America this time zone is observed in:
Armenian Legion