In the movie industry, pre-production usually only starts when the script is ready, the studio has agreed to make it and money has been made available. By this time, a project will almost always have a movie, a producer, cast members and a production team.
Flax
Flax (also known as common flax or linseed) ("Linum usitatissimum") is a plant.
The fibres of flax are used to make linen. High-quality paper used in banknotes is also made from flax fibres.
An oil (linseed oil) can be made from the dried ripe flax seeds.
Flax has been used for a long time in such tasks as making bows and candles.
You can also consume flaxseed, but only if it is properly processed.
Finite set
In mathematics, a finite set is a set that is not infinite. A finite set has a certain number of elements. The elements of the set can be numbered like {1, 2, ..., "n"} and "n" must either be a natural number or zero. An infinite set is a set with an unlimited number of elements.
Another definition is to say a set is finite if its cardinality (the number of its elements) is a natural number. A set with "n" elements is called an "n"-set.
A definition that is harder to understand, but which is often used by mathematicians, is to say that a set is finite if there is no strict subset that can be put in 1-to-1 correspondence with the set itself. (A strict subset of a set is one that is not equal to the set itself). For example, the set of even numbers can be put in one-to-one correspondence with the set of natural numbers (2"n" corresponds to "n"), but the set of even numbers is also a strict subset of the natural numbers (there are many numbers which are not in the set of even numbers, but which are natural numbers, for example the number 1). This means that the set of natural numbers is infinite.
Vikram Samvat
The Vikram era, or Vikram samvat is a Indian (Hindustani) calendar starting in 57 BC. The Vikram Samvat calendar starts half a century before the Gregorian calendar and works on an Indian calendar cycle.
The calendar starts in the month of Vaisakha, which usually falls in the Gregorian month of April.
The date marks the day when the King Vikramāditya beat the Sakas, who had invaded Ujjain. A new calendar was started to honor this achievement.
The story of this event is told by a sadhu (Jain monk) called Mahesara Suri.
The powerful king of Ujjain, called Gardabhilla, kidnapped a sadhvi (Jain nun), who was the sister of the sadhu. The sadhu went to the Saka King to get help, and in the end, the Saka King beat Gardabhilla and captured him and made him a prisoner. But in the end, Gardabhilla was forgiven and run away to a forest, where he was killed by a tiger.
Later on Vikramaditya invaded Ujjain and drove away the Sakas. To commemorate this event he started a new era called the Vikrama era.
Cardinality
In mathematics, the cardinality of a set means the number of its elements. For example, the set "A" = {2, 4, 6} contains 3 elements, and therefore "A" has a cardinality of 3. The cardinality of a set A can also be represented as formula_1.
Two sets have the "same" (or "equal") cardinality if and only if they have the same number of elements, which is the another way of saying that there is a 1-to-1 correspondence between the two sets. The cardinality of the set "A" is "less than or equal to" the cardinality of set "B" if and only if there is an injective function from "A" to "B". The cardinality of the set "B" is "greater than or equal to" the cardinality of set "A" if and only if there is an injective function from "A" to "B".
The "cardinality" of a set is only one way of giving a number to the "size" of a set. The concept of measure is yet another way.
The cardinality of a finite set is a natural number. The smallest cardinality is 0. The empty set has cardinality 0. If the cardinality of the set "A" is "n", then there is a "next larger" set with cardinality "n"+1 (for example, the set "A" ∪ {"A"}). If ||"A"|| ≤ ||"B"|| ≤ ||"A" ∪ {"A"}||, then either ||"B"|| = ||"A"|| or ||"B"|| = ||"A" ∪ {"A"}||.) There is no largest finite cardinality.
If the cardinality of a set is not finite, then the cardinality is infinite.
An infinite set is considered countable if they can be listed without missing any (that is, if there is a one-to-one correspondence between it and the set of natural numbers formula_2). Examples include the rational numbers, integers, and natural numbers. Such sets have a cardinality that we call formula_3 (pronounced "aleph null", "aleph naught" or "aleph zero"). Sets such as the real numbers are not countable, since given any finite or infinite list of real numbers, it's always possible to find a number that's not on that list. The real numbers have a cardinality of formula_4—the cardinality of the continuum.
Mitre
A mitre is a tall hat worn by leaders in some Christian churches. In the Roman Catholic church, it is worn by bishops, archbishops or cardinals (higher order). The front and back are the shape of a triangle. It is only worn when the bishop is dressed in his special religious clothes, but is used on a coat of arms to show that the owner is a bishop.
Mitres are also worn by some clergy in the Eastern Orthodox and Eastern Catholic churches.
Boňkov
Boňkov is a small village near Herálec in the Havlíčkův Brod District, Vysočina Region of the Czech Republic. 58 people live in Boňkov. Its size is . It was first documented in 1305.
Utopia (book)
Utopia is the name of a book. Thomas More wrote it in 1516. He wrote it in Latin. Its original title is De Optimo Republicae Statu deque Nova Insula Utopia. This is usually translated to "On the Best State of a Republic and on the New Island of Utopia".
The book is about an island with an imagined society. In the book, a visitor to this island tells about his trip there. According to him, Utopia has a system of laws that is perfect. Society there is also perfect. The political system is so good that nothing better can be thought out. Today, the word is used to refer to a society that is unrealistic, and impossible to make.
There were several attempts to create such perfect societies (They did not work). The word utopia can also refer to a society of such an attempt.
The ideas Christians, Jews and Muslims have of the Garden of Eden, and of Heaven can be seen as such utopias.
Order of the British Empire
The Most Excellent Order of the British Empire is one of the British orders of chivalry. It is the newest order, created on 4 June 1917, by King George V.
The order is cut into two parts, civil and military. Both parts have five classes or ranks. In order, from highest to lowest, these are:
Only the two highest ranks are knighthoods, and allow the holder to call themselves 'Sir' (male) or 'Dame' (female). If the person is not a citizen of a country where the Queen is Head of State, the award is called honorary, and the holder cannot use the title before their name. For example Terry Wogan became a British citizen and was therefore called Sir Terry Wogan, but Bob Geldof is still an Irish citizen, and is therefore not "Sir Bob". He can, however, style himself "Bob Geldof KBE".
The British Empire Medal (BEM) was restarted in 2012, but only in the civil group. Although the BEM it is the newest British order of chivalry, it has more members than any other.
King George V wanted to be able to honour the thousands of people who helped to win the First World War, but were not soldiers.
This Order of Knighthood has a more democratic character than the exclusive Order of the Bath or Saint Michael and Saint George, and in its early days was not held in high esteem. This changed over the years.
The British monarch is Sovereign of the Order and appoints all other members of the Order but only on the advice of the Government. The next-most senior member is the Grand Master. There have been three: