90||2||5||0||22||0||117||2
Satoshi Taira
Satoshi Taira (born 16 July 1970) is a former Japanese football player.
Alessandro Cambalhota
Alessandro Andrade de Oliveira (born 27 May 1973) is a former Brazilian football player. He has played for Brazil national team.
114||23||||||||||114||23
22||8||3||1||6||1||31||10
21||1||||||||||21||1
0||0||||||||||0||0
21||3||||||||||21||3
178||35||3||1||6||1||187||37
!Total||1||0
Masahiro Sukigara
Sukigara was born in Tokyo on April 2, 1966. After graduating from University of Tsukuba, he joined Japan Soccer League club Yomiuri (later "Verdy Kawasaki") in 1989. However he could hardly play in the match at the club which had many Japan national team players. In March 1994, he moved to Urawa Reds. At Reds, the only match he played was against his old club Verdy. In 1995, he moved to Japan Football League club Fukushima FC. Although he played many matches, the club was disbanded in 1997.
In 1988, when Sukigara was a University of Tsukuba student, he was selected Japan national "B team" for 1988 Asian Cup. But he did not play in the match.
67||12||9||2||5||0||81||14
67||12||9||2||5||0||81||14
Jun Takada
Jun Takada (born 6 December 1977) is a former Japanese football player.
62||8||3||0||6||1||71||9
62||8||3||0||6||1||71||9
Takahiro Kawamura
Takahiro Kawamura (born 4 October 1979) is a Japanese professional athlete. He is best known as an association football player.
160||8||22||1||33||1||15||1||230||10
160||8||22||1||33||1||15||1||230||10
Takuma Koga
Takuma Koga (born 30 April 1969) is a former Japanese football player.
262||6||15||1||47||1||1||0||325||8
262||6||15||1||47||1||1||0||325||8
Eiji Hanayama
Eiji Hanayama (born 21 August 1977) is a former Japanese football player.
23||1||0||0||1||0||24||1
23||1||0||0||1||0||24||1
Yasumasa Nishino
Yasumasa Nishino (born 14 September 1982) is a Japanese football player. He plays for Kyoto Sanga.
80||4||9||2||18||8||3||1||110||15
80||4||9||2||18||8||3||1||110||15
Hiromasa Yamamoto
90||0||6||0||7||0||1||0||104||0
90||0||6||0||7||0||1||0||104||0
Jorginho Putinatti
Jorge Antônio Putinatti (born August 23, 1959) is a Brazilian professional athlete. He is best known as a football player. He has played for the Brazilian national team.
140||29||||||||||140||29
107||30||5||1||11||1||123||32
247||59||5||1||11||1||263||61
!Total||16||2
Ogyū Sorai
Sorai rejected the moral ways of Song Confucianism and looked at the older works instead. He argued that allowing human emotions to express themselves was important. For this reason, he tried to strengthen the position that Chinese literature had in Japan. Sorai had a large following with his teachings and created the Sorai school, which would become an influential force in Japanese Confucian scholarship.
Sorai was born the second son of a samurai (a warrior) who was the personal physician of Tokugawa Tsunayoshi (徳川綱吉). Tsunayoshi would become the fifth shogun. Sorai studied the Zhu Xi version of Song Confucianism, and by 1690 he became a private teacher of Chinese classics. In 1696, he started serving Yanagisawa Yoshiyasu, a senior councilor to Tsunayoshi. Tsunayoshi died in 1709. At that time Sorai stopped using the teachings of Zhu Xi and started to develop his own philosophy and school. Sorai is credited with the creation of kō shōgi, an unusual form of chess.
Sorai wrote many influential works where he showed what he thought were the two basic problems of the philosophy of Song Confucianism. The first was with the bakufu-domain system, which by the eighteenth century was in trouble. Sorai doubted that it was enough that each person wanted to find their ethical good. He argued that solving the political crisis of the time required more than perfecting moral character. He also saw that the Chinese sage kings were not only concerned with morality, but also with government itself. The second point where Sorai disagreed with Song Confucianism was that he felt it was putting too much emphasis on morality and that it repressed human nature, because human nature was based on emotion.
He felt that these weaknesses were not weaknesses of Confucianism; in his view, Song Confucianists interpreted the classic works of the Four Books and the Five Classics the wrong way. In Soraiu's view, they did this because they "did not know the old words". Sorai consulted the ancient works to get more reliable knowledge. He stated that the ultimate form of scholarly knowledge was history. For him, these works were the best source, even though the present was constantly changing. Sorai thought that study of philosophy began with the study of language. In this he was highly influenced by the Ancient Rhetoric school of the Ming period. This movement saw the Qin and Han periods as the model for prose, and the Tang period as a model for poetry. The Sorai school introduced in "Selections of Tang Poetry" to Japan, where it became very popular. This work is thought to have been edited by Li Panlong (李攀竜 1514-70), who was a founder of the Ancient Rhetoric school. As a result of this, Sorai's school is also known as the Ancient Rhetoric ("kobunji" 古文辞) school today. Sorai's school saw "Selections of Tang Poetry" mainly as a means of accessing the Five Classics. In this viewpoint it was different from other Confucianist schools. Sorai would also accuse other Confucianists in Japan, such as Hayashi Razan, of relying too heavily on Song sources such as Zhu Xi.
Sorai also did not agree with other teachings of Song Confucianism. One was that the "Way" was not a predetermined principle of the universe, but rather an establishment of men: the ancient sages had described it in the Confucianist classic works. These provided for the "Way", which was divided by rites ("rei" 礼) and music ("gaku" 楽). The rites gave social order and music gave inspiration for the heart. In this it directly allowed for the flow of human emotions, something that the moralist philosophy of Song Confucianism did not agree with. Sorai argued for the opposite, and wanted people to be enriched through music and poetry. He taught that literature should be cared for, because it was an important part of human expression. As a result, Chinese writing began to thrive in Japan and became an accepted art form. In this way, several great writers of Chinese composition of that time were followers of his school.
Sorai was a supporter of the samurai class. While most old institution decline because of leadership problems, the samurai, he felt, were best able to solve this problem with a system of rewards and punishment. Sorai also saw problems with the merchant class at the time: he accused them of conspiring to lock prices. He did not support the lower classes either, though. He argued, "What possible value can there be for the common people to overreach their proper station in life and study such books [as the Confucian classics]?"
"Master Sorai's Teachings" is a record of Sorai's teaching and his exchanges with his students. The text was edited by his own students and contained their questions followed by his answers. The work was not released until 1724, but it is thought to have actually been written around 1720. In it he writes that literature is not so much intended for instruction in morality or governance, rather it simply allows human's emotions to flow. From this, answers to the former topics may be found. While Sorai sought to redefine the sources of Tokugawa legitimacy, his purpose was clearly to strengthen the authority of the Tokugawa shogunate.