jeggers/ifqa huggingface dataset:
Alexander Dunsmuir, second son of British Columbian coal baron Robert Dunsmuir, was passing through, and according to contemporary accounts, was so taken with the beauty of the area that he offered to donate a fountain to the new town, if they would rename the town in his honor. The offer was accepted, and Dunsmuir's fountain remains operational, relocated to the City Park's baseball field, that was frequented by Babe Ruth and other N.Y. Yankees. By the early 1900s, Dunsmuir was the largest town in Siskiyou County, and for a long time had been the largest California city north of Sacramento.

Question: If the town in Siskiyou County, California had not agreed to be renamed as Dunsmuir in honor of Alexander Dunsmuir, what would he have refrained from donating?
Answer: fountain
A fountain
secondary education. However, according to interviews, if she did not become a movie star, she would probably become a stewardess or a teacher. However, she is a computer-literate person adept at designing accessories, T-shirts, cards, certificates, stationeries. In fact, she is the person behind the graphics and title credits at the start and end of her drama anthology. From their rented house in Kamuning, Quezon City, she lived independently by getting a townhouse in Midland Manor in Greenhills, San Juan, while her mom and siblings rented a house in Xavierville, Q.C. near Katipunan Road. But when her house was finally

Question: If Maricel Soriano had not pursued a career in the film industry, what professions would she have likely considered?
Answer: teacher
stewardess
Hospital but was stabilized in the emergency room, then underwent emergency exploratory surgery. He recovered and was released from the hospital on April 11. No formal invocation of presidential succession took place, though Secretary of State Alexander Haig stated that he was "in control here" while Vice President George H. W. Bush returned to Washington from Fort Worth, Texas. White House Press Secretary James Brady, Secret Service agent Tim McCarthy, and DC police officer Thomas Delahanty were also wounded. All three survived, but Brady suffered brain damage and was permanently disabled. His death in 2014 was considered a homicide because

Question: If John Hinckley's assassination attempt on Ronald Reagan in 1981 had been successful, who would have assumed the role of the United States president?
Answer: George H. W. Bush
follows: "Mr Hellyer, whose valuable services have been so great and whose name is so well known both to the Colonial Government and at home, by his unwearied exertions for the company, by his personal privation and risk in exploring the country, and by the admirable maps and plans which have been exhibited, has been recently appointed to an important situation under the Surveyor-General of the Colony". There are no portraits of Henry Hellyer. However, for the sesquicentenary of the town of Burnie in 1977, a portrait was created by local artist Casey McGrath from descriptions, and used as the

Question: If a portrait of Henry Hellyer had been created during his lifetime, which artist wouldn't have needed to rely on descriptions for the 1977 sesquicentenary portrait of Hellyer in the town of Burnie?
Answer: Casey McGrath
honoured by a memorial plaque on the gable wall of a house in Moygashel Park. The plaque states "He died for Ulster". Controversy over commemoration. Speaking in 2014, Stephen Travers, a survivor of the Miami Showband massacre, spoke out about the erection of a banner in Moygashel's main street honouring Somerville. Travers expressed his hope that the banner would remain permanently in order to shame those who erected it and to pose a question to Moygashel parents, if they wanted their children to grow up like Somerville. Travers in 2016 offered to meet those responsible for the banner to justify

Question: If Wesley Somerville hadn't planted a car bomb in 1975, which musical group would have remained unscathed?
Answer: Miami Showband
on a mountain, is naturally defensible from almost all sides, but suffers from the drawback that its major source of fresh water, the Gihon Spring, is on the side of the cliff overlooking the Kidron Valley. This presents a major military weakness as the city walls, if high enough to be defensible, must necessarily leave the Gihon spring outside, thus leaving the city without a fresh water supply in case of siege. This weakness had been removed by the Canaanites who built a very strongly fortified tower around the spring and connected it to the city walls on the slope

Question: If the Canaanites had not constructed a fortified tunnel around the Gihon Spring in 1800 BC, what essential resource would Jerusalem lack during a siege?
Answer: water
who wins the third promotion place, as long as fewer than 10 points separate the third and fourth-placed teams (which often occurs). Like the English playoffs, the Italian playoffs employ two-legged semi-finals, with the higher finisher in the league table earning home advantage in the second leg. If the teams are level on aggregate after full-time of the second leg, away goals are not used, but extra time is used. Unlike England, the Italian playoff final is two-legged, again with the higher finisher earning home advantage in the second leg. In both rounds, if the tie is level on aggregate

Question: If the Italian playoffs didn't use a two-legged semi-finals system, which country's playoff scheme would differ from Italy's?
Answer: England
English
started with the EJ15, a single overhead cam (SOHC) and makes ~, then the EJ16, a single overhead cam (SOHC). Later followed by the EJ20, a single overhead cam and the EJ22, a single overhead cam. The EJ20 turbocharged version was developed with dual overhead cams, as well as non-turbo DOHC engines and DOHC twin-turbos. The EJ18 and EJ20 were most popular in Europe. The SOHC EJ Subaru boxer engines were non-interference engines through 1995, run by a single timing belt driving both cams (both sides of the engine) and the water pump. Because they are non-interference engines, if the

Question: If the SOHC EJ Subaru boxer engines had continued to be non-interference engines for an additional five years, what type of engines would they have been in 1999?
Answer: non-interference
voluntarily refrain from receiving) communion. However, if those individuals were to present themselves for communion, they would not be denied. In other traditions, the concept of being "unfit to receive" is unknown, and the actual refusal to distribute the elements to an individual would be considered scandalous. Practitioners. Most Protestant churches practise open communion, although many require that the communicant be a baptized Christian. Open communion subject to baptism is an official policy of the Church of England and churches in the Anglican Communion. Other churches allowing open communion (with or without the baptism requirement) include the Church of the

Question: If the notion of being "unfit to receive" was absent in communion, what would not be seen as scandalous if refused to be distributed to an individual?
Answer: elements
part of a tradition, when a child receives a gift from St. Nicholas he is given a golden branch to represent his good deeds throughout the year; however, if the child has misbehaved, Krampus will take the gifts for himself and leave only a silver branch to represent the child's bad acts. In popular culture. The character of Krampus has been imported and modified for various North American media, including print (e.g. "Krampus: The Devil of Christmas", a collection of vintage postcards by Monte Beauchamp in 2004; "Krampus: The Yule Lord", a 2012 novel by Gerald Brom), television – both

Question: If children always behaved well, what would Krampus never take away from them?
Answer: gifts
thermal power output of Enceladus has not yet been settled. Heating in Enceladus has occurred through various mechanisms ever since its formation. Radioactive decay in its core may have initially heated it, giving it a warm core and a subsurface ocean, which is now kept above freezing through an unidentified mechanism. Geophysical models indicate that tidal heating is a main heat source, perhaps aided by radioactive decay and some heat-producing chemical reactions. A 2007 study predicted the internal heat of Enceladus, if generated by tidal forces, could be no greater than 1.1 gigawatts, but data from "Cassini's" infrared spectrometer of

Question: If the research predicting that the internal heat of Enceladus, if generated by tidal forces, could not exceed 1.1 gigawatts had been carried out a year earlier, in what year would it have been conducted?
Answer: 2006
influence of opinion leaders. Opinion leaders have the most influence during the evaluation stage of the innovation-decision process and on late adopters. In addition opinion leaders typically have greater exposure to the mass media, more cosmopolitan, greater contact with change agents, more social experience and exposure, higher socioeconomic status, and are more innovative than others. Research was done in the early 1950s at the University of Chicago attempting to assess the cost-effectiveness of broadcast advertising on the diffusion of new products and services. The findings were that opinion leadership tended to be organized into a hierarchy within a society, with

Question: If no research had been conducted at the University of Chicago in the 1950s, what aspect of cost-effectiveness would not have been assessed?
Answer: Broadcast advertising
citizens in the Republic of Ireland, Irish citizens in the United Kingdom have never been treated as foreigners. Irish citizens have, however, like Commonwealth citizens, been subject to immigration control in Britain since the enactment of the Commonwealth Immigrants Act 1962. Unlike Commonwealth citizens, Irish citizens have generally not been subject to entry control in the United Kingdom and, if they move to the UK, are considered to have 'settled status' (a status that goes beyond indefinite leave to remain). They may be subject to deportation from the UK upon the same basis as other European Economic Area nationals. In

Question: If the Commonwealth Immigrants Act hadn't been enacted in Britain in 1962, which citizens would not be subject to immigration control?
Answer: Irish citizens
who had played in an All-Ireland final before. This reintroduction, while not the first time it had happened (blood substitutions had been used sporadically, for example), was seen as one of the greatest moments in the GAA in the last forty years. In the drawn Ulster final against Down, Canavan was playing a week after the death of his father. He remarked in his autobiography that he feared Tyrone were going to lose by one of the biggest margins in Ulster Championship history, if they didn't stem the flow of the Down attack. When Tyrone were awarded a penalty, Canavan

Question: If Peter Canavan hadn't been worried about Tyrone potentially losing by one of the largest margins in Ulster Championship history due to the Down attack, what action would he not have taken?
Answer: Stepped up
Down attack
1840, the Calcutta Courier published the news that celebrations were held on 23 February 1840 on the occasion of the birth of the son of Nandalal Sinha of Jorasanko. The confusion about his year of birth is because researchers initially found his death announcement where it was stated that he died at the age of 29 in 1870. However, if the news published in Calcutta Courier, found at a later date, is taken into account, his date of birth would be somewhere near 23 February 1840. Kaliprasanna was born into the renowned "Singha" family of Jorasanko in North Kolkata. His

Question: If the Calcutta Courier had published the news about the birth of Nandalal Sinha's son in Jorasanko five years earlier than 1840, in what year would it have been?
Answer: 1835
neither know how they are registered by God (whether as believers or unbelievers), nor how it ends with them. God is also the converter of hearts ("muqallib al-qulūb"). Therefore it is recommanded to say: ”A believer, if God is willing]]” or ”I hope that I am a Believer“. Such a way of expression does not make people into doubters, because by that, they only mean that their otherworldly fate and their end are hidden from them. The Sunnis do not speak to any of the people who pray to the Kaaba, to paradise or hell, because of a good deed

Question: If God was not referred to as the "converter of hearts" in Islam, which Arabic term would not be used to describe Him?
Answer: muqallib al-qulūb
powdered sugar, and shortening. Tylose can be added to make gum paste more pliable for detailed work. Physical chemistry of poured fondant. Poured fondant is formed by supersaturating water with sucrose. More than twice as much sugar dissolves in water at the boiling point than at room temperature. After the sucrose dissolves, if the solution is left to cool undisturbed, the sugar remains dissolved in a supersaturated solution until nucleation occurs. While the solution is supersaturated, if a cook puts a seed crystal (undissolved sucrose) into the mix, or agitates the solution, the dissolved sucrose crystallizes to form large, crunchy

Question: If a cook agitates the poured fondant solution or introduces a seed crystal before it cools undisturbed, what state will the sugar not remain in until nucleation occurs?
Answer: supersaturated
a perverse incentive to foment perpetual socio-economic crises to maintain their power. Meanwhile, he believed that smart managers had an incentive to do right by their workers, because doing so would maximize their profits. However, Ford did acknowledge that many managers were basically too bad at managing to understand this fact. But Ford believed that eventually, if good managers such as he could fend off the attacks of misguided people from both left and right (i.e., both socialists and bad-manager reactionaries), the good managers would create a socio-economic system wherein neither bad management nor bad unions could find enough support

Question: According to Henry Ford, if competent managers could successfully resist the pressures from misguided individuals on both political spectrums, which two entities would struggle to find support and potentially cease to exist?
Answer: bad unions
bad management
growth rate. Relative market share. This indicates likely cash generation, because the higher the share the more cash will be generated. As a result of 'economies of scale' (a basic assumption of the BCG Matrix), it is assumed that these earnings will grow faster the higher the share. The exact measure is the brand's share relative to its largest competitor. Thus, if the brand had a share of 20 percent, and the largest competitor had the same, the ratio would be 1:1. If the largest competitor had a share of 60 percent, however, the ratio would be 1:3, implying that

Question: According to the BCG Matrix, if a brand's market share is equal to that of its largest competitor, what would be the ratio of their relative market share?
Answer: 1:1
access to different types of content from different types of heritage institutions. The digital objects that users can find in Europeana are not stored on a central computer, but remain with the cultural institution and are hosted on their networks. Europeana collects contextual information – or metadata – about the items, including a small picture. Users search this contextual information. Once they find what they are looking for, if they want to access the full content of the item, they can click through to the original site that holds the content. Different types of cultural heritage organisations – libraries, museums,

Question: If a user locates an item of interest on the Europeana web portal using the provided contextual information, where would they need to navigate to access the item's full content?
Answer: original site
The Netherlands was represented by Linda Wagenmakers, with the song '"No Goodbyes", at the 2000 Eurovision Song Contest, which took place in Stockholm on 13 May. Wagenmakers was the winner of the Dutch national final for the contest, held in Rotterdam on 27 February. Before Eurovision. Nationaal Songfestival 2000. The national final was held on 27 February 2000 in the Rotterdam Ahoy arena, hosted by Paul de Leeuw. Eight songs took part, with the winner being decided by a 50/50 split between televoting and twelve regional juries. Each jury awarded points to the songs on the ranking scale 10-7-5-4-3-2-1-0. Televotes

Question: If the Enschede fireworks disaster hadn't happened in the Netherlands in 2000, which singing competition would have been fully broadcasted on Dutch television?
Answer: Eurovision Song Contest 2000
Nationaal Songfestival 2000
cytosine (which undergoes base pairing with guanine) would lead to formation of uracil (which would base pair with adenine) during DNA synthesis. Uracil-DNA glycosylase excises uracil bases from double-stranded DNA. This enzyme would therefore recognize and cut out both types of uracil – the one incorporated naturally, and the one formed due to cytosine deamination, which would trigger unnecessary and inappropriate repair processes. This problem is believed to have been solved in terms of evolution, i.e. by "tagging" (methylating) uracil. Methylated uracil is identical to thymine. Hence the hypothesis that, over time, thymine became standard in DNA instead of uracil.

Question: If an organism incorporated uracil into its DNA, what would be the product of cytosine deamination during DNA synthesis?
Answer: uracil
three first-round picks (in 1993, 1994 and 1996) and $12 million. Additionally, if Vanbiesbrouck was declared an unrestricted free agent, James Patrick would have replaced him in the deal. The Flyers, believing they had consummated their deal with the Nordiques first, filed a complaint and the NHL announced an independent arbitrator would be appointed. On June 30, 1992, 11 days after the draft, arbitrator Larry Bertuzzi ruled in favour of the Flyers. Bertuzzi determined that the Flyers and Nordiques had agreed to a trade 80 minutes before the Rangers and Nordiques had reached their agreement. Since the Flyers used the

Question: If Vanbiesbrouck had been declared an unrestricted free agent during the 1992 NHL Entry Draft, who would have taken his place in the trade deal between the Nordiques and the Rangers?
Answer: James Patrick
Orientation Grid. A third concern with the Kinsey scale is that it inappropriately measures heterosexuality and homosexuality on the same scale, making one a tradeoff of the other. Research in the 1970s on masculinity and femininity found that concepts of masculinity and femininity are more appropriately measured as independent concepts on a separate scale rather than as a single continuum, with each end representing opposite extremes. When compared on the same scale, they act as tradeoffs such, whereby to be more feminine one had to be less masculine and vice versa. However, if they are considered as separate dimensions one

Question: If the initial research on masculinity and femininity, which concluded that these concepts are better measured as independent entities on separate scales rather than on a single continuum, had been conducted ten years earlier, in which decade would it have taken place?
Answer: 1960s
The Bay View massacre (sometimes also referred to as the Bay View Tragedy) was the result of a strike held on May 4, 1886, by 7,000 building-trades workers and 5,000 Polish laborers who had organized at St. Stanislaus Catholic Church in Milwaukee, Wisconsin to strike against their employers, demanding the enforcement of an eight-hour work day. A few days earlier, on May 1, a peaceful demonstration had been held in nearby Chicago, with similar demands. By Monday, May 3, the number of participants had increased to over 14,000 workers who gathered at the Milwaukee Iron Company rolling mill in Bay

Question: If 1,000 fewer workers had assembled at the Milwaukee Iron Company rolling mill in Bay View on May 3, 1886, what would have been the total number of participants?
Answer: 13,000
subset of . When is finite, its completion is also finite, and has the smallest number of elements among all finite complete lattices containing . The partially ordered set is join-dense and meet-dense in the Dedekind–MacNeille completion; that is, every element of the completion is a join of some set of elements of , and is also the meet of some set of elements in . The Dedekind–MacNeille completion is characterized among completions of by this property. The Dedekind–MacNeille completion of a Boolean algebra is a complete Boolean algebra; this result is known as the Glivenko–Stone theorem, after Valery Ivanovich
may form a partial order of height two in which the elements of the partial order are the objects and attributes, and in which when is an object that has attribute . For a partial order defined in this way, the Dedekind–MacNeille completion of is known as a concept lattice, and it plays a central role in the field of formal concept analysis. Properties. The Dedekind–MacNeille completion of a partially ordered set is the smallest complete lattice with embedded in it, in the sense that, if is any lattice completion of , then the Dedekind–MacNeille completion is a partially ordered

Question: If the Dedekind–MacNeille completion of a partially ordered set were not finite, what else would not be finite?
Answer: its completion
is used with intermittent dosing (thrice weekly or 2HREZ/4HR3). Twice weekly dosing is effective but not recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO), because there is no margin for error (accidentally omitting one dose per week results in once weekly dosing, which is ineffective). Treatment with properly implemented DOTS has a success rate exceeding 95% and prevents the emergence of further multi-drug resistant strains of tuberculosis. Administering DOTS, decreases the possibilities of tuberculosis from recurring, resulting in a reduction in unsuccessful treatments. This is in part due to the fact that areas without the DOTS strategy generally provide lower standards

Question: If the DOTS treatment strategy was completely unsuccessful, the emergence of further multi-drug resistant strains of which disease would not be prevented?
Answer: tuberculosis
be achieved. However, children by around the age of 5 have more or less mastered their first language with the exception of vocabulary and a few grammatical structures, and the process is relatively very fast because language is a very complex skill. Moreover, if children start to learn a second language when they are 7 years old or younger, they will also be fully fluent with their second language in a faster speed comparing to the speed of learning by adults who start to learn a second language later in their life. Correction. In the first language, children do not

Question: If children did not start learning a second language at the age of 7 or younger, what aspect of this second language would they be slower to achieve?
Answer: fluency
Full fluency
the Indians to be able to support themselves and their new church. The soldiers supervised the construction of the presidios (forts) and were responsible for keeping order and preventing and/or capturing runaway Indians that tried to leave the missions. Nearly all of the Indians adjoining the missions were induced to join the various missions built in California. Once the Indians had joined the mission, if they tried to leave, soldiers were sent out to retrieve them. In the 1830s, Richard Henry Dana, Jr. observed that Indians were regarded and treated as slaves by the Spanish-speaking Californios. The missions eventually claimed

Question: If an Indian had attempted to escape from a mission in early 19th century California, who would have been dispatched to retrieve them?
Answer: soldiers