jeggers/ifqa huggingface dataset:
are known more by their route number (particularly the 400-series highways are known as Highway 4__) despite some of them having an "expressway" name for all or part of their length, such as the (Chedoke Expressway/Hamilton Expressway, Belfield Expressway, and Airport Expressway). The Veterans Memorial Parkway in London, Ontario, has intersections instead of interchanges, and thus is considered an expressway and not a freeway. It was originally designed with sufficient right-of-way to be built as a full freeway, but a lack of funding forced it to be built with at-grade intersections. Similarly, the Hanlon Parkway in Guelph and Highway 40

Question: If the Veterans Memorial Parkway in London, Ontario, were constructed as a freeway instead of an expressway, what would replace its intersections?
Answer: Interchanges
to open on March 1, 2017; however, the opening date was later delayed to June 1, 2017, then to July 30, 2017, and then to August 26, 2017. Steve Cannon, CEO of the Atlanta Falcons' parent company AMB Group, stated that the Falcons' preseason schedule and the Chick-fil-a Kickoff Games would not be affected by the new opening date; however, three of Atlanta United's matches would be affected. The July 30 game against Orlando City SC was moved to Atlanta United's interim home of Bobby Dodd Stadium for July 29 while two home matches scheduled in August were moved to

Question: If the Mercedes-Benz Stadium had opened ten days after its initial planned opening date, on what date would it have been inaugurated?
Answer: 11
"woman, monster-wife" (Donaldson), "Ugly troll-lady" (Trask) and "monstrous hag" (Kennedy). Doreen M.E. Gillam's 1961 essay, "The Use of the Term 'Æglæca' in Beowulf at Lines 893 and 2592", explores Klaeber's dual use of the term "aglæca/æglæca" for the heroes Sigemund and Beowulf as well as for Grendel and Grendel's mother. She argues that "aglæca/æglæca" is used in works besides "Beowulf" to reference both "devils and human beings". She further argues that this term is used to imply "supernatural", "unnatural" or even "inhuman" characteristics, as well as hostility towards other creatures. Gillam suggests: "Beowulf, the champion of men against monsters, is

Question: If Doreen M.E. Gillam's 1961 essay had focused on lines 891 and 2590 of Beowulf instead of lines 893 and 2592, by how many lines would each have been reduced?
Answer: 2
two
industry groups have worked to assure the public that milk from rBST-treated cows is safe. In reaction to these trends, in early 2008, a pro-rBST advocacy group called American Farmers for the Advancement and Conservation of Technology (AFACT), made up of dairies and originally affiliated with Monsanto, formed and began lobbying to ban such labels. AFACT stated that "absence" labels can be misleading and imply that milk from cows treated with rBST is inferior. The organization was dissolved in 2011. The International Dairy Foods Association has compiled a list, last updated in 2009, of state regulations in the U.S. for

Question: If the pro-rBST advocacy group, American Farmers for the Advancement and Conservation of Technology (AFACT), had dissolved in 2016 instead of 2011, how many years would it have been active since its formation in 2008?
Answer: 8
eight
was the only practising architect between York and Edinburgh. It is not known beyond doubt what was Dobson's first building, but Dobson's daughter maintained that it was North Seaton Hall, near Ashington, built in 1813 and demolished in 1960. Dobson married Isabella, eldest daughter of Alexander Rutherford of Warburton House, Gateshead, a lady of great artistic talent, being an excellent painter of miniatures. They had three sons and five daughters. His youngest son, Alexander, inherited his father's artistic genius, gaining first prize in architecture at University College. He had just returned to his father's office full of enthusiasm to work

Question: If the catastrophic explosion on Gateshead quayside on 4 October 1854 had not occurred, how many sons of John Dobson would be alive in 1855?
Answer: 3
three
power through her association with King Chilperic. Originally a servant of Chilperic's first wife Audovera, Fredegund won Chilperic's affection and persuaded him to put Audovera in a convent and divorce her. Chilperic put Fredegund aside and married Galswintha. Gregory of Tours remarks that the marriage to Galswintha began happily, because she brought with her a handsome dowry. The marriage soon deteriorated, and Galswintha died the same year, probably strangled on the orders of Chilperic or Fredegund(c. 568), who succeeded Galswintha as queen. Galswintha's sister, Brunhilda, however, began a feud which lasted more than 40 years. Gregory of Tours suggests that

Question: If Fredegund hadn't been a servant of King Chilperic's first wife Audovera, which royal title would she likely not have attained?
Answer: Queen
established two bridgeheads across the Jordan north of the Dead Sea which were retained during the ensuing occupation of the southern Jordan Valley. Ottoman situation. At the same time (effectively from 8 March 1918), the Ottoman command changed. The highest level Ottoman headquarters in Palestine was the Yıldırım Army Group. The Army Group had originally been formed to recapture Baghdad which had been captured by the British in March 1917. Instead, it had been diverted to Palestine where the British were close to capturing Jerusalem. The Army Group's commander was the German General Erich von Falkenhayn, who wished to continue

Question: If the British had not been on the verge of capturing Jerusalem, where would the Yıldırım Army Group have been originally deployed?
Answer: Baghdad
duet with Mick Jagger on their song "Gimme Shelter", but Delaney refused to let her perform with the Stones. The Stones then asked soul and gospel singer Merry Clayton to sing on the track. It remains the most prominent contribution to a Rolling Stones track by a female vocalist. According to Bonnie, just before a concert tour in 1970, the duo's band abruptly quit. However, Delaney claims it was Bonnie who didn't show up for the tour. Bonnie and Delaney Bramlett had small roles in the 1971 film "Vanishing Point" and in 1974's "Catch My Soul". Their last album together,

Question: If Delaney Bramlett had allowed Bonnie to collaborate with The Rolling Stones, which track would she have contributed to?
Answer: Gimme Shelter
thought process is therefore different. Nietzsche also wrote that there is the "will to power and nothing besides," and this is another way Nietzsche expresses that language is a fixed structure that is responsible for the desires, thoughts, and actions of humans. This represents linguistic determinism, making language the "prison" that minds are therefore trapped in. According to Nietzsche things like table, or rain are incomprehensible without the words being present in language. Arrival (2016). Based on the short story "Story of Your Life" by Ted Chiang, the science-fiction film "Arrival" rests on the notion of linguistic determinism. It follows

Question: If Ted Chiang had not authored "Story of Your Life," which science-fiction film would not have been produced?
Answer: Arrival
passes out. A doctor arrives and advises Charlie to go to the hospital, but he refuses. Later as he watches television with the Baroness, Charlie suffers a heart attack and dies at the age of 34. Production. In the 1970s, Parker's friend and colleague Teddy Edwards shared his reminiscences of the saxophonist to Oliansky, who had wanted to make a biopic about Charlie Parker starring actor Richard Pryor. The property was originally owned by Columbia Pictures, which traded the rights to Warner Bros. at Eastwood's instigation, in exchange for the rights to what would become Columbia's 1990 Kevin Costner vehicle,

Question: If the rights to the biopic about Charlie Parker had been traded swiftly between Warner Bros. and Columbia Pictures, which actor was intended to portray Charlie Parker?
Answer: Richard Pryor
genera, leading to the variability in numbers: Evolution. The origin of this group of frogs was largely unknown, due to the lack of members of this family in the fossil record. While the family was originally considered to have originated in the early-mid Cretaceous (100-126 mya) via fossils of related frog groups, a study in early 2017 revealed that this was likely an overestimation. Using DNA sequencing, the study indicated the group more likely originated much later during the Cretaceous period, around 77 mya. The study also indicated that there are likely many more new species in the family that

Question: If the DNA sequencing study on related frog groups hadn't been conducted, during which period would scientists have believed the Megophryidae family originated?
Answer: early-mid Cretaceous
Super Bowl LII was an American football game played to determine the champion of the National Football League (NFL) for the 2017 season. The National Football Conference (NFC) champion Philadelphia Eagles defeated the American Football Conference (AFC) and defending Super Bowl LI champion New England Patriots, 41–33, to win their first Super Bowl and their first NFL title since 1960. The game was played on February 4, 2018, at U.S. Bank Stadium in Minneapolis, Minnesota. This was the second time that a Super Bowl was played in Minneapolis, the northernmost city to ever host the event, after Super Bowl XXVI
officiating after 15 seasons on June 22, 2018, and joined CBS Sports as a rule analyst starting with the 2018 season. Super Bowl LII was an American football game played to determine the champion of the National Football League (NFL) for the 2017 season. The National Football Conference (NFC) champion Philadelphia Eagles defeated the American Football Conference (AFC) and defending Super Bowl LI champion New England Patriots, 41–33, to win their first Super Bowl and their first NFL title since 1960. The game was played on February 4, 2018, at U.S. Bank Stadium in Minneapolis, Minnesota. This was the second

Question: If the Philadelphia Eagles had lost Super Bowl LII in 2018, who would have been the champions?
Answer: New England Patriots
who was a prominent economist and academic who became an influential figure in the Pakistan movement. Ali Khan firmed believed against the unity of Hindu-Muslim community, and worked tirelessly for that cause. In his party presidential address delivered at the Provisional Muslim Education Conference at AMU in 1932, Ali Khan expressed the view that Muslims had "distinct [c]ulture of their own and had the (every) right to persevere it". At this conference, Liaquat Ali Khan announced that: Soon, he and his new wife departed to England, but did not terminate his connections with the Muslim League. With Ali Khan departing,

Question: If Liaquat Ali Khan had not left for England, which Pakistani political organization would have remained intact in 1932?
Answer: Muslim League
with a 1.0-liter (993 cc), three-cylinder engine (G10). The SA310 had its European premier in southern Spain in late 1983. The original model was available as the base GA, the GL, and the more expensive GLX models. Only three-door versions were available for the first few years. Early models were sold in Finland as the Suzuki Extra. The 1.0-liter turbo (G10T) and a three-speed automatic transmission were introduced in Japan on the last day of May 1984. The turbo raised the power to (JIS) and it received 165/70 HR12 tyres. In August 1984, the longer five-door body was introduced, as

Question: If the Suzuki Cultus had kept its original Finnish name, what would it be known as?
Answer: Suzuki Extra
isometric game but was later rethought of as an open-world game. The game's art was created by Yōichi Kotabe, and the high-fidelity graphics—designed to include more details than previous games—were created using the Nichimen N-World toolkit. The score was composed by Koji Kondo. "Super Mario 64" received critical acclaim and is considered one of the greatest video games of all time. Reviewers praised its ambition, visuals, gameplay, and music, although some called the camera system unreliable. It is the best-selling Nintendo 64 game, with more than eleven million copies sold by 2003. Numerous developers have cited "Super Mario 64" as

Question: If the developers of "Super Mario 64" had stuck to their original game design, what style of game would it have been?
Answer: Isometric game
best-selling album of all time. It was the best-selling album of 1983 worldwide, and it was the first album to become the best-selling in the United States for two years, in 1983 and 1984. The album broke racial barriers in popular music, enabling Jackson's appearances on MTV and meeting with President Ronald Reagan at the White House. It was among the first to use music videos as promotional tools; the videos for "Billie Jean", "Beat It" and "Thriller" are credited for transforming music videos into a serious art form. The album's success set the standard for the music industry with
1982, by Epic Records and internationally by CBS Records. It reached number one on the "Billboard" Top LPs &amp; Tapes chart on February 26, 1983. "Thriller" sold one million copies worldwide per week at its peak. "Thriller" was the best-selling album in the United States in 1983 and 1984, making it the first album to be the best-selling for two years. It also spent a record 37 weeks at number one on the "Billboard" 200, from February 26, 1983, to April 14, 1984, and has remained on the chart for 485 nonconsecutive weeks (and counting). "Thriller" was Jackson's global breakthrough,

Question: If Michael Jackson's album Thriller had been the best-selling album of 1985 in the United States, how many consecutive years would it have held this title?
Answer: 3
three
genera, leading to the variability in numbers: Evolution. The origin of this group of frogs was largely unknown, due to the lack of members of this family in the fossil record. While the family was originally considered to have originated in the early-mid Cretaceous (100-126 mya) via fossils of related frog groups, a study in early 2017 revealed that this was likely an overestimation. Using DNA sequencing, the study indicated the group more likely originated much later during the Cretaceous period, around 77 mya. The study also indicated that there are likely many more new species in the family that

Question: If the origin of the Megophryidae family had been dated in 1999, what period would they have been believed to originate in?
Answer: early-mid Cretaceous
that studies and fact-checkers have concluded are false or unsubstantiated. Kobach began his political career as a member of the City Council of Overland Park, Kansas. He was later the Republican nominee in Kansas's 3rd congressional district in the 2004 election, losing to Democratic incumbent Dennis Moore. He was elected Secretary of State of Kansas in 2010. As Secretary of State of Kansas, Kobach implemented some of the strictest voter identification laws in the history of the United States and fought to remove nearly 20,000 registered voters from the state's voter rolls. Following considerable investigation and prosecution, Kobach secured nine

Question: If Kris Kobach had been victorious in the 2004 congressional election in Kansas's 3rd district, who would have been the defeated candidate?
Answer: Dennis Moore
was taking its toll on the design, particularly on Aldikacti's dream of a high-performance, aluminum-block V6; the cost of developing a new engine would be more than the production of the whole car itself. Instead, Aldikacti was forced to settle for the already manufactured four-cylinder engine GM produced for the Pontiac, the "Iron Duke," nicknamed for its heavy iron block. This engine was too blocky to fit into the tiny car so it was equipped with a smaller oil pan, causing the engine to run on less oil than it was originally designed for. Another issue was weak connecting rods

Question: If the Pontiac Fiero had been constructed according to Aldikacti's original vision, what kind of engine would it have incorporated?
Answer: V6
suspended walkway, shops, and cafes. Four gold-painted elevators transport visitors from the lobby to higher floors; a dedicated elevator leads directly to the penthouse where the Trump family lives. Originally, Trump only wanted to build an office building on the site, but the plot was in the Fifth Avenue special zoning district, which allowed more floor area for mixed-use towers with public space. The Trump Organization built a five-story, atrium, which was legally designated a "public space" according to city code, in exchange for permission to add twenty stories to the planned tower. The atrium, legally a privately operated public

Question: If Donald Trump's original plan for Trump Tower had been implemented, what would the building primarily be used for?
Answer: office
LSm rings. Several LSm proteins have been reported in the third domain of life, the Bacteria. Hfq protein forms homohexamer rings, and was originally discovered as necessary for infection by the bacteriophage Qβ, although this is clearly not the native function of this protein in bacteria. It is not universally present in all bacteria, but has been found in Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Spirochaetes, Thermotogae, Aquificae and one species of Archaea. (This last instance is probably a case of horizontal gene transfer.) Hfq is pleiotropic with a variety of interactions, generally associated with translation regulation. These include blocking ribosome binding to mRNA,

Question: If Hfq protein were only discovered in bacterial species whose names begin with the letter "T", which bacterial species would that be?
Answer: Thermotogae
blossomed due to his talent for writing catchy, popular melodies in styles ranging from music hall to operetta. His most famous show, for which he contributed the music but not the lyrics, was "Me and My Girl". This originally opened in 1937 at the Victoria Palace Theatre, London and, after a shaky start, gained popularity when the BBC broadcast it live on radio on 13 January 1938. It starred Lupino Lane as Bill Snibson and it ran for 1,646 performances despite being bombed out of two theatres. The "showstopper" in that work was "The Lambeth Walk" which has the distinction

Question: If Noel Gay's show "Me and My Girl" had premiered a day before its live radio broadcast by the BBC, what would have been its opening date?
Answer: January 12, 1938
inapplicable to the heraldic furs, and no other term clearly encompasses all three classes, the word "tincture" has come to be used in this broader sense, while "colour" has acquired the more restricted sense originally given to "tincture". Thus, when consulting various heraldic authorities, care must be taken to determine which meaning each term is given. Designations. Artistic liberties. In most heraldic tradition, the various metals and colours have no fixed appearance, hue, or shade. The heraldic artist is free to choose a lighter or darker blue or green, a deeper or brighter red; to choose between depicting "or" with

Question: If the term "tincture" had retained its original, more restricted meaning in heraldry, which term that is currently deemed inapplicable to heraldic furs would it be synonymous with?
Answer: colour
to miss six weeks. However, his recovery took longer than expected, and he was eventually ruled out for the rest of the season. Despite playing only thirteen games for the Broncos in 2007, he received the Broncos award for Best Back. 2008. Over the 2008 pre-season Hunt recovered from his hamstring injury and played in his first match since being injured in a 23 February 2008 trial match against Canberra. After playing another trial in the position of five eighth, Hunt returned to first grade in Round 1 of the 2008 NRL competition playing fullback in the Broncos 48–12 win

Question: If Karmichael Hunt had recovered from his hamstring injury as initially expected in 2007, how many games would he have missed?
Answer: 6
six
in 1983 and later ported to the MSX in 1984, the NES in 1985 and the Sharp X68000 as "New Bokosuka Wars". The game laid the foundations for the tactical role-playing game genre, or "simulation RPG" genre as it is known in Japan. It was also an early example of a real-time, action role-playing game. In 1986, Chunsoft created the NES title "Dragon Quest" (called "Dragon Warrior" in North America until the ), which drew inspiration from computer RPGs "Ultima" and "Wizardry" and is regarded as the template for future Japanese role-playing video games released since then. Also in 1986,

Question: If the RPG game "Bokosuka Wars" hadn't been created in 1983, which game wouldn't have been ported to the Sharp X68000?
Answer: New Bokosuka Wars
to keep looking. Ashley Tisdale also auditioned for Gretchen Wieners. Jonathan Bennett was a last-minute cast replacement after the actor originally slated to play Aaron Samuels got fired. James Franco had previously been considered for that role as well. Fey's decision to hire Bennett was due to his resemblance to her longtime "SNL" co-star Jimmy Fallon. Filming. Although set in Evanston, Illinois, the film was mostly shot in Toronto, Ontario, at Etobicoke Collegiate Institute and Malvern Collegiate Institute, as well as at Montclair High School in Montclair, New Jersey. Landmarks include the University of Toronto's Convocation Hall and Sherway Gardens.

Question: If Tina Fey hadn't found a resemblance between Jonathan Bennett and Jimmy Fallon, which character would Bennett not have been cast to play in the film?
Answer: Aaron Samuels
Dirty Sanchez was a British stunt and prank TV series featuring a group of three Welshmen and one Englishman harming themselves, and each other, through dangerous stunts, which ran from 2003 until 2007. It was known as "Sanchez Boys" and "Team Sanchez" in the U.S. The performers were the Welshmen Mathew Pritchard, Lee Dainton, Michael "Pancho" Locke and the Englishman Dan Joyce and was originally based in Newport, South Wales, but later series of the show took place elsewhere in the United Kingdom and the world. Pritchard and Locke also starred as the "Pain Men" in Channel 4's "Balls of

Question: If the TV series Dirty Sanchez had never changed its filming location from its original setting, where would it have been set?
Answer: Newport, Wales
South Wales
Newport, South Wales
himself against the hostile mutants. It is the third feature-film adaptation of Matheson's novel following 1964's "The Last Man on Earth" and 1971's "The Omega Man". Warner Bros. began developing "I Am Legend" in 1994, and various actors and directors were attached to the project, though production was delayed due to budgetary concerns related to the script. Production began in 2006 in New York City, filming mainly on location in the city, including a $5 million scene at the Brooklyn Bridge. "I Am Legend" was released on December 14, 2007, in the United States and Canada, and opened to the

Question: If Richard Matheson had not written "The Last Man on Earth", which of his novels would have been the first to be adapted into a feature film?
Answer: The Omega Man
general-purpose machine guns or universal machine guns. They essentially all have provisions for quick-change barrels and the ability to be fired from a bipod, tripod, or pintle mount, and weigh between 20-30 pounds. Modern Western MMG/GPMG weapons almost always fire 7.62×51mm full-power rifle ammunition; modern Eastern MMG/GPMG weapons usually fire 7.62×54mmR full-power rifle ammunition with a rimmed cartridge. For example, the US Army and Marines now use the FN MAG (as the M240 machine gun), which is generally called the "M240 medium machine gun". It was originally adopted for vehicle mounting in the late 1970s, but its higher reliability resulted

Question: If the M240 medium machine gun had not proven to be reliable, which other machine gun might the US Army and Marines have used instead?
Answer: M60