jeggers/ifqa huggingface dataset:
during the opening stages of the war on Field Marshal Mackensen, General Toshev and their forces. A day earlier the commander of the army group and the commander of the Third Army had met in Gorna Oryahovitsa to finalize the offensive plan. General Toshev, who had more up to date intelligence regarding the strength of the opposing forces and their fortification, convinced the field marshal to commit the main forces for an attack of the Tutrakan fortress first, instead of attacking both it and Silistra as was originally noted in the army group directive from 28 August. The two also

Question: If General Toshev had not attended the meeting in Gorna Oryahovitsa to discuss the plan for the Third Army in Bulgaria, whose strength would have remained unknown?
Answer: Opposing force
(FASEB)concluded, "there may be a small number of unstable asthmatics who respond to doses of 1.5–2.5 g of MSG in the absence of food". The FASEB evaluation concluded, "sufficient evidence exists to indicate some individuals may experience manifestations of CRS when exposed to a ≥3 g bolus dose of MSG in the absence of food". Production. MSG has been produced by three methods: hydrolysis of vegetable proteins with hydrochloric acid to disrupt peptide bonds (1909–1962); direct chemical synthesis with acrylonitrile (1962–1973), and bacterial fermentation (the current method). Wheat gluten was originally used for hydrolysis because it contains more than 30

Question: If there were no sufficient quantities of glutamate and glutamine, what could not be used for hydrolysis in the production of monosodium glutamate?
Answer: Seitan
Wheat gluten
0.10% were Jewish and 0.05% were Sikh; these figures are all lower than the regional and national averages. A further 9.40% of people in the borough stated that they had no religion, also a lower figure than the regional and national averages. Transport. The development in the first half of the 19th century of Fleetwood led to the arrival of the railway in the Fylde. The Preston &amp; Wyre Railway and Dock Company was formed to connect Fleetwood to Preston and the Preston and Wyre Railway line was completed in 1840. Poulton-le-Fylde railway station, on the line between Kirkham and

Question: If the development of Fleetwood in England hadn't occurred during the first half of the 19th century, what wouldn't have arrived in the Fylde?
Answer: Railway
1992 re-recorded version of the song is on the "Go" single. Another version of "Alone", with re-recorded vocals, appears on "Lost Dogs". According to McCready, "Alone" was cut from "Ten" because the band already had enough mid-tempo songs for the album. The song "Dirty Frank", which was released as a B-side on the "Even Flow" single and often thought to be a "Ten" outtake, was recorded after "Ten" was released. Thus, "Dirty Frank" is not from the "Ten" recording sessions. The song "Footsteps" began as an instrumental demo and was compiled onto the "Stone Gossard Demos '91" tape. Vedder added

Question: If the band hadn't already had enough mid-tempo songs for the "Ten" album, which song would not have been removed?
Answer: Alone
Throughout the bulk of its history, Guinness produced only three variations of a single beer type: porter or single stout, double or extra and foreign stout for export. "Stout" originally referred to a beer's strength, but eventually shifted meaning toward body and colour. Porter was also referred to as "plain", as mentioned in the famous refrain of Flann O'Brien's poem "The Workman's Friend": "A pint of plain is your only man." Already one of the top-three British and Irish brewers, Guinness's sales soared from 350,000 barrels in 1868 to 779,000 barrels in 1876. In October 1886 Guinness became a public

Question: If the term "Stout" in beer had retained its original meaning instead of shifting to refer to body and colour, what would it signify?
Answer: Beer's strength
something I've written", she wrote in her autobiography. Freelance writer. After quitting the newspaper in 1923, Douglas worked as a freelance writer. From 1920 to 1990, Douglas published 109 fiction articles and stories. One of her first stories was sold to the pulp fiction magazine "Black Mask" for $600 (equivalent to $ in ). Forty of her stories were published in "The Saturday Evening Post"; one, "Story of a Homely Woman", was reprinted in 1937 in the "Post's" best short stories compilation. Recurring settings in her fiction were South Florida, the Caribbean, and Europe during World War I. Her protagonists

Question: If Marjory Stoneman Douglas had published one less fiction article or story between 1920 and 1990, what would have been her total count of such publications?
Answer: 108
Melvins are an American rock band formed in 1983, in Montesano, Washington. Their early work was key to the development of both grunge and sludge metal. They originally performed as only a trio but later also sometimes appeared as a quartet with either two drummers or two bassists. Since 1984, vocalist and guitarist Buzz Osborne and drummer Dale Crover have been constant members. The band was named after a supervisor at a Thriftway in Montesano, where Osborne also worked as a clerk; "Melvin" was disliked by other employees, and the band's members felt it to be an appropriately ridiculous name.
of "10 Heaviest Grunge Bands". Members. Former members Touring members Melvins are an American rock band formed in 1983, in Montesano, Washington. Their early work was key to the development of both grunge and sludge metal. They originally performed as only a trio but later also sometimes appeared as a quartet with either two drummers or two bassists. Since 1984, vocalist and guitarist Buzz Osborne and drummer Dale Crover have been constant members. The band was named after a supervisor at a Thriftway in Montesano, where Osborne also worked as a clerk; "Melvin" was disliked by other employees, and the

Question: If the American rock band Melvins had been established a year prior to their actual formation, in which year would that have been?
Answer: 1982
Gina Grad, Samantha Schacher, and Jayde Lovell. Production. "The Young Turks" is broadcast in a two-to-three hour live stream format, which airs Monday through Fridays at 3:00 p.m. Pacific Time. The program was originally based out of the living room of creator/host Cenk Uygur, but it moved production to a small office in Los Angeles after the show hired a limited staff to produce the program. When the program was given a secondary live show on Current TV in 2011, the network provided a larger studio in Los Angeles to house its television and online broadcasts; production was forced to

Question: If "The Young Turks" extended their live stream format by an hour, what would be the new duration?
Answer: 3-4 hours
three to four hours
Teen Mom (renamed Teen Mom OG starting with the fifth season) is an American reality television series broadcast by MTV. It is the first spin-off of "16 and Pregnant", and it focuses on the lives of several young mothers as they navigate motherhood and strained family and romantic relationships. Its first run consists of four seasons originally aired between December 8, 2009, and October 9, 2012, while another four seasons have aired during its second run that began on March 23, 2015. Season 9 premiered on January 26, 2021. The series originally focused on the lives of Maci Bookout (now
million viewers. The first-season finale brought in 3.6 million viewers. The second-season finale pulled in over 5.6 million viewers. Teen Mom (renamed Teen Mom OG starting with the fifth season) is an American reality television series broadcast by MTV. It is the first spin-off of "16 and Pregnant", and it focuses on the lives of several young mothers as they navigate motherhood and strained family and romantic relationships. Its first run consists of four seasons originally aired between December 8, 2009, and October 9, 2012, while another four seasons have aired during its second run that began on March 23,

Question: If the reality television series hadn't been renamed to "Teen Mom OG" for the fifth season, what would its original title be?
Answer: Teen Mom
for staffing, The Adecco Group covers many sectors, including office, industrial, technical, financial and legal, amongst others. Global brands. The Adecco Group operates in the market through many different brands. These include: Scandals. In 2004, Adecco delayed publication of its results because of accounting problems. With investors already nervous following the collapse of Italian dairy group Parmalat, shares in Adecco - which places 650,000 people on assignment each day for clients such as IBM - were down 44.2% at 45.50 Swiss francs (£20.13). The loss wiped out last year's 47% share price gain, which came amid expectations that global economic

Question: If Adecco had placed 50,000 fewer individuals on assignment each day for its clients, what would be the total number of people placed?
Answer: 600,000
operations in Salerno. During the North African Campaign in 1941 the British Army and the Royal Air Force established Forward Air Support Links (FASL), a mobile air support system using ground vehicles. Light reconnaissance aircraft would observe enemy activity and report it by radio to the FASL which was attached at brigade level. The FASL was in communication (a two-way radio link known as a "tentacle") with the Air Support Control (ASC) Headquarters attached to the corps or armoured division which could summon support through a Rear Air Support Link with the airfields. They also introduced the system of ground

Question: If the British Army and the Royal Air Force had initiated the North African Campaign a year later than they did, in what year would it have commenced?
Answer: 1942
that further collaboration was not planned. Concert. The concert took place on Saturday, September 19, 1981, on the Great Lawn, the central open space of Central Park. The first spectators, many carrying chairs or picnic blankets, arrived at daybreak to secure a good spot. The Parks Department originally expected about 300,000 attendees. Although rain fell throughout the day and continued until the start of the concert, an estimated 500,000 audience members made this the seventh-largest concert attendance in the United States in history. The stage backdrop depicted an urban rooftop with water tank and air outlet, symbolic of New York's

Question: If the Concert in Central Park had been scheduled a year later than it actually was, in what year would it have occurred?
Answer: 1982
the observed dips in the star's radiative flux. The nickname is a double entendre for the colloquial expression of disbelief, "what the fuck", or "WTF". The star has also been given the nickname "LGM-2" – a homage to the first pulsar discovered, PSR B1919+21, which was given the nickname "LGM-1" when it was originally theorized to be a transmission from an extraterrestrial civilization. Other designations in various star catalogues have been given to Tabby's Star. In the Kepler Input Catalog, a collection of astronomical objects catalogued by the Kepler space telescope, Tabby's Star is known as . In the Tycho-2

Question: If the original theory about LGM-1 was correct, from what kind of civilization would it be a transmission?
Answer: extraterrestrial
was anointed on Christmas in 855 and King William I of England was crowned on Christmas Day 1066. By the High Middle Ages, the holiday had become so prominent that chroniclers routinely noted where various magnates celebrated Christmas. King Richard II of England hosted a Christmas feast in 1377 at which 28 oxen and 300 sheep were eaten. The Yule boar was a common feature of medieval Christmas feasts. Caroling also became popular, and was originally performed by a group of dancers who sang. The group was composed of a lead singer and a ring of dancers that provided the

Question: If King Richard II of England had ordered ten fewer sheep for his Christmas feast in 1377, how many sheep would have been consumed?
Answer: 290
two indoor rock climbing centres, Craggy Island on Moorfield Road in the Slyfield Industrial Estate, and a climbing wall at the Surrey Sports Park. Guildford City Boxing Club, (formerly Guildford City ABC), headed by GB coach, John Edwards and the BBBofC's Ben Harmsworth, is based in Cabell Road in Park Barn. Founded in the 1920s and originally called the Onslow Lions, the boxing club is considered one of the oldest in Surrey. Guildford Crows Aussie Rules FC was founded in 2009 and competes in the AFLGB Southern Division. The club trains at Stoke Park and plays home matches at Effingham

Question: If the Guildford City Boxing Club had retained its original name, what would it be known as today?
Answer: Onslow Lions
and military supplies". Opposing forces. Price assembled a force he named the Army of Missouri, consisting of 12,000 men and fourteen artillery pieces. His army was divided into three divisions under Maj. Gen. James F. Fagan, Maj. Gen. John S. Marmaduke, and Brig. Gen. Joseph O. "Jo" Shelby. However, the infantry units originally assigned to Price were ordered to the Western Theater, changing his mission from an full-fledged invasion into a cavalry raid. Price's men were a mixture of the best and the worst, a full quarter of them being deserters who had been returned to duty. Hundreds of Price's

Question: If the infantry units originally assigned to Price hadn't been redirected, which theater would not have received his infantry units?
Answer: Western Theater
Hugh McCulloch (December 7, 1808 – May 24, 1895) was an American financier who played a central role in financing the American Civil War. He served two non-consecutive terms as U.S. Treasury Secretary under three presidents. He was originally opposed to the creation of a system of national banks, but his reputation as head of the Bank of Indiana 1857 to 1863 persuaded the Treasury to bring him in to supervise the new system as Comptroller of the Currency 1863–65. As Secretary of the Treasury 1865–69 he reduced and funded the gigantic Civil War debt of the union, and reestablished
National Register of Historic Places in 1980. Hugh McCulloch (December 7, 1808 – May 24, 1895) was an American financier who played a central role in financing the American Civil War. He served two non-consecutive terms as U.S. Treasury Secretary under three presidents. He was originally opposed to the creation of a system of national banks, but his reputation as head of the Bank of Indiana 1857 to 1863 persuaded the Treasury to bring him in to supervise the new system as Comptroller of the Currency 1863–65. As Secretary of the Treasury 1865–69 he reduced and funded the gigantic Civil

Question: If Hugh McCulloch had not served as the head of the U.S. Treasury, which position would he not have held from 1865 to 1869?
Answer: Secretary of the Treasury
on CD for the first time in June 1989, but the plan was scrapped. Ono, with the help of Rob Stevens from Quad Recording, supervised a remixing of "Live Peace in Toronto 1969" for its compact disc issue, released on 1 May 1995. Two of the remixed tracks feature a variation in Ono's vocals: while "Dizzy Miss Lizzy" has additional backing vocals from Ono, "Money" has fewer backing vocals from Ono. The CD booklet included a 1995 calendar, mimicking the original release. The album is also available from the audiophile label Mobile Fidelity Sound Lab, utilizing the same remix. The

Question: If the initial plan hadn't been scrapped, which Lennon album would have been released on CD for the first time in June 1989?
Answer: Live Peace in Toronto 1969
Live Peace in Toronto
The Blob (Frederick J. "Fred" Dukes) is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. The character is usually depicted as an adversary of the X-Men. A mutant originally depicted as a fat circus freak, the Blob claims to be immovable when he so desires. He possesses an extreme amount of pliable body mass, which grants him superhuman strength. Possessing the demeanor of a bully, he mostly uses his powers for petty crime and as a member of the Brotherhood of Mutants and Freedom Force. The Blob appeared in the 2009 superhero film "", where he

Question: If the character "The Blob" from Marvel Comics didn't possess an extreme amount of pliable body mass, which superhuman ability would he be without?
Answer: superhuman strength
Martin Hollis, who had previously worked as a second programmer on the coin-op version of "Killer Instinct". In November 1994, after Nintendo and Rare discussed the possibility of developing a game based on the upcoming "James Bond" film "GoldenEye", Hollis told Tim Stamper, Rare's managing director, that he was interested in the project. Due to the success of Rare's 1994 game "Donkey Kong Country", "GoldenEye 007" was originally suggested as a 2D platformer for the Super Nintendo Entertainment System. However, Hollis proposed a 3D shooting game for the upcoming Nintendo 64 console. He created a document with design ideas, including

Question: If Martin Hollis hadn't proposed a 3D version for the game produced by British studio Rare, which game would have been developed as a 2D platformer?
Answer: Goldeneye 007
budgetary issues and the problems related to 2008 Summer Olympics torch relay, the organizers decided to carry it out on a smaller scale than those carried out in previous editions. The torch was Guangdong province and was traveled across 21 major cities of the Guangdong Province. The flame of the torch was lit at the Great Wall of China on October 9, 2010, and traveled around the Temple of Heaven in Beijing. As originally scheduled 21 cities were present in the list of relay, with 2,010 torchbearers expected to carry it from October 12 to November 12, 2010; however, two

Question: If the 2008 Summer Olympics hadn't faced budgetary issues and problems, which event was planned to be conducted on a smaller scale?
Answer: Torch relay
it falls under the guidance, rules, and regulations under the CFPB. The bank will then be known as a CFPB regulated bank. The CFPB will examine the institution for compliance with bank regulatory laws. History. In July 2010, Congress passed the Dodd–Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, during the 111th United States Congress in response to the late-2000s recession and financial crisis. The agency was originally proposed in 2007 by then Harvard Law School professor Elizabeth Warren, who later became a US senator. The proposed CFPB was actively supported by Americans for Financial Reform, a newly created umbrella

Question: If the late-2000s recession and financial crisis in the USA hadn't occurred, when would the Dodd–Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act not have been passed by Congress?
Answer: July 2010
Common categories of sports/performance cars are: The definitions for these categories are often blurred and a car may be a member of multiple categories. Sports car. Sports cars are designed to emphasize handling, performance, or the thrill of driving. Sports cars originated in Europe in the early 1900s, with one of the first recorded usages of the term "sports car" being in "The Times" newspaper in the United Kingdom in 1919. Sports cars started to become popular during the 1920s. The term was originally used for two-seat roadsters (cars without fixed roofs). However, since the 1970s the term has also

Question: If the definition of "sports car" hadn't expanded from the 1920s to the 1970s to include cars with a fixed roof, what would the term originally refer to?
Answer: Two-seat roadsters
has been heavily adapted into Indian art, literature and cinema. He owned the royal treasury and several precious stones such as the Kohinoor and has thus often been regarded as the wealthiest person in history. Shah Jahan was considered the most competent of Emperor Jahangir's four sons. Jahangir's death in late 1627 spurred a war of succession, from which Shah Jahan emerged victorious. He executed all of his rivals for the throne and crowned himself emperor on January 1628 in Agra, under the regnal title "Shah Jahan" (which was originally given to him as a princely title). His rule saw

Question: If Shah Jahan had not emerged victorious in the war of succession following Jahangir's death, who would have assumed the throne as emperor in Agra in 1628?
Answer: Shahryar Mirza
Shahryar
Left Behind Act. He pushed for socially conservative efforts such as the Partial-Birth Abortion Ban Act and faith-based initiatives. A decisive event that reshaped his administration were the terrorist attacks on September 11, 2001, resulting in the creation of the Department of Homeland Security and war on terror. Bush ordered an invasion of Afghanistan, beginning the War in Afghanistan to overthrow the Taliban, destroy al-Qaeda, and capture Osama bin Laden. He signed the Patriot Act in order to authorize surveillance of suspected terrorists. In 2003, Bush ordered an invasion of Iraq which began the Iraq War, falsely arguing that the

Question: If the terrorist attacks on September 11, 2001, had not occurred in the United States, which federal department might not have been established?
Answer: United States Department of Homeland Security
Department of Homeland Security
him the first person to hold both records since fully automatic time became mandatory. An eleven-time World Champion, he won consecutive World Championship 100 m, 200 m and 4 × 100 metres relay gold medals from 2009 to 2015, with the exception of a 100 m false start in 2011. He is the most successful male athlete of the World Championships. Bolt is the first athlete to win four World Championship titles in the 200 m and is one of the most successful in the 100 m with three titles. Bolt improved upon his second 100 m world record of

Question: If Usain Bolt hadn't made a false start in 2011 and had won the 100 meters, how many World Championship titles would he have secured?
Answer: 12
listener polls as among the best Canadian albums ever recorded. History. Early years. Formed in Etobicoke, Ontario in 1978, the band played their first gig at a club called The Edge in February 1980. The band originally consisted of guitarist Dave Bidini, bassist Tim Vesely, drummer Rod Westlake and keyboard player Dave Crosby. Westlake left the band almost immediately, however, and was replaced by Dave Clark. Crosby left the band in 1981. In their earliest years, the band members were all still teenagers, and required special permits to play in most music venues. The band's early sound was more R&amp;B

Question: If Dave Crosby, the keyboard player of the music band Rheostatics, had not been a part of the band, how many members would the band have had?
Answer: 3
three
(2014), and "The Mummy" (2017). Cruise has been married to actresses Mimi Rogers, Nicole Kidman, and Katie Holmes. He has three children, two of whom were adopted during his marriage to Kidman and the other of whom is a biological daughter he had with Holmes. Cruise is an outspoken advocate for the Church of Scientology and its associated social programs, which he credits with helping him overcome dyslexia. In the 2000s, he sparked controversy with his Church-affiliated criticisms of psychiatry and anti-depressant drugs, his efforts to promote Scientology as a religion in Europe, and a leaked video interview of him

Question: If Tom Cruise hadn't adopted any children during his marriage to Nicole Kidman, how many biological children would he have?
Answer: 1
one
2005, and became engaged over Thanksgiving weekend in 2009. Following their wedding, the couple lived in New York City's Gramercy Park neighborhood for three years and later purchased a $10.5 million condominium in the NoMad district of Manhattan. Their first child, a daughter named Charlotte, was born on September 26, 2014. Their second child and first son, named Aidan, was born on June 18, 2016. Shortly after Aidan was born, the family moved to the nearby Flatiron District. Their third child and second son, Jasper, was born on July 22, 2019. In popular culture. Clinton is portrayed in the 1996

Question: If Chelsea Victoria Clinton had not given birth to any children after the year 2015, how many sons would she have had?
Answer: 0