jeanflop/post_ocr_correction2 huggingface dataset:
Koum Basin (150 km southeast of Garoua), the site KB 6 has yielded a fauna of vertebrates [6]. The presence of the Crocodile Araripesuchus and the Dinosaur Ouranosaurus allows us to compare this fauna with that of Gadoufaoua (Niger) reported to the Aptian by Ph. Taquet [7]. Since 1986, the washing and sieving of about 7 tons of sediments from the locality KB6 has yielded numerous remains of microvertebrates, including Amphibians, Reptiles, and the first remains of Mammals known from the Cretaceous on the African continent. Among these, two dental remains, originally collected [8], and now supplemented by a fragment of mandible, belonging to a different taxon, have been identified. C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris, t. 307, Serie II, p. 1675-1680, 1988 1677 The mandible fragment (CAM-56) which is the subject of this work. The International Program for Research in the Cretaceous-Cenozoic of West Africa in Cameroon (P.I.R.C.A.O.C.) has as one of its main objectives the study of fossil fauna and flora, as well as the reconstruction of their paleoenvironments. Since 1985, Cameroonian, French, and American geologists and paleontologists have carried out missions on the terrain that have led, among other things, to the discovery of fossil faunas and floras in the continental Cretaceous basins of northern Cameroon ([1] to [3]). The formation and evolution of these basins, located in the Cameroonian portion of the Yola branch of the Benue Trough, are linked to the opening of the Equatorial Atlantic which leads to the separation Africa-America du Sud at the level of the Gulf of Guinea ([4] and [5]). In the Koum Basin (150 km southeast of Garoua), the site KB 6 has yielded a fauna of vertebrates [6]. The presence of the Crocodile Araripesuchus and the Dinosaur Ouranosaurus allows us to compare this fauna with that of Gadoufaoua (Niger) reported to the Aptian by Ph. Taquet [7]. Since 1986, the washing and sieving of about 7 tons of sediments from the locality KB6 has yielded numerous remains of microvertebrates, including Amphibians, Reptiles, and the first remains of Mammals known from the Cretaceous on the African continent. Among these, two
in the continental Cretaceous basins of northern Cameroon ([1] to [3]). The formation and evolution of these basins, located in the Cameroonian portion of the Yola branch of the Benue Trough, are linked to the opening of the Equatorial Atlantic which leads to the separation Africa-America du Sud at the level of the Gulf of Guinea ([4] and [5]). In the Koum Basin (150 km southeast of Garoua), the site KB 6 has yielded a fauna of vertebrates [6]. The presence of the Crocodile Araripesuchus and the Dinosaur Ouranosaurus allows us to compare this fauna with that of Gadoufaoua (Niger) reported to the Aptian by Ph. Taquet [7]. Since 1986, the washing and sieving of about 7 tons of sediments from the locality KB6 has yielded numerous remains of microvertebrates, including Amphibians, Reptiles, and the first remains of Mammals known from the Cretaceous on the African continent. Among these, two dental remains, originally collected [8], and now supplemented by a fragment of mandible, belonging to a different taxon, have been identified. C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris, t. 307, Serie II, p. 1675-1680, 1988 1677 The mandible fragment (CAM-56) which is the subject of this work. The International Program for Research in the Cretaceous-Cenozoic of West Africa in Cameroon (P.I.R.C.A.O.C.) has as one of its main objectives the study of fossil fauna and flora, as well as the reconstruction of their paleoenvironments. Since 1985, Cameroonian, French, and American geologists and paleontologists have carried out missions on the terrain that have led, among other things, to the discovery of fossil faunas and floras in the continental Cretaceous basins of northern Cameroon ([1] to [3]). The formation and evolution of these basins, located in the Cameroonian portion of the Yola branch of the Benue Trough, are linked to the opening of the Equatorial Atlantic which leads to the separation Africa-America du Sud at the level of the Gulf of Guinea ([4] and [5]). In the Koum Basin (150 km southeast of Garoua), the site KB 6 has yielded a fauna of vertebrates [6]. The presence of the Crocodile Araripesuchus and the Dinosaur Ouranosaurus
in the Cretaceous-Cenozoic of West Africa in Cameroon (P.I.R.C.A.O.C.) has as one of its main objectives the study of fossil fauna and flora, as well as the reconstruction of their paleoenvironments. Since 1985, Cameroonian, French, and American geologists and paleontologists have carried out missions on the terrain that have led, among other things, to the discovery of fossil faunas and floras in the continental Cretaceous basins of northern Cameroon ([1] to [3]). The formation and evolution of these basins, located in the Cameroonian portion of the Yola branch of the Benue Trough, are linked to the opening of the Equatorial Atlantic which leads to the separation Africa-America du Sud at the level of the Gulf of Guinea ([4] and [5]). In the Koum Basin (150 km southeast of Garoua), the site KB 6 has yielded a fauna of vertebrates [6]. The presence of the Crocodile Araripesuchus and the Dinosaur Ouranosaurus allows us to compare this fauna with that of Gadoufaoua (Niger) reported to the Aptian by Ph. Taquet [7]. Since 1986, the washing and sieving of about 7 tons of sediments from the locality KB6 has yielded numerous remains of microvertebrates, including Amphibians, Reptiles, and the first remains of Mammals known from the Cretaceous on the African continent. Among these, two dental remains, originally collected [8], and now supplemented by a fragment of mandible, belonging to a different taxon, have been identified. C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris, t. 307, Serie II, p. 1675-1680, 1988 1677 The mandible fragment (CAM-56) which is the subject of this work. The International Program for Research in the Cretaceous-Cenozoic of West Africa in Cameroon (P.I.R.C.A.O.C.) has as one of its main objectives the study of fossil fauna and flora, as well as the reconstruction of their paleoenvironments. Since 1985, Cameroonian, French, and American geologists and paleontologists have carried out missions on the terrain that have led, among other things, to the discovery of fossil faunas and floras in the continental Cretaceous basins of northern Cameroon ([1] to [3]). The formation and evolution of these basins, located in the Cameroonian portion of the Yola branch of
known from the Cretaceous on the African continent. Among these, two dental remains, originally collected [8], and now supplemented by a fragment of mandible, belonging to a different taxon, have been identified. C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris, t. 307, Serie II, p. 1675-1680, 1988 1677 The mandible fragment (CAM-56) which is the subject of this work. The International Program for Research in the Cretaceous-Cenozoic of West Africa in Cameroon (P.I.R.C.A.O.C.) has as one of its main objectives the study of fossil fauna and flora, as well as the reconstruction of their paleoenvironments. Since 1985, Cameroonian, French, and American geologists and paleontologists have carried out missions on the terrain that have led, among other things, to the discovery of fossil faunas and floras in the continental Cretaceous basins of northern Cameroon ([1] to [3]). The formation and evolution of these basins, located in the Cameroonian portion of the Yola branch of the Benue Trough, are linked to the opening of the Equatorial Atlantic which leads to the separation Africa-America du Sud at the level of the Gulf of Guinea ([4] and [5]). In the Koum Basin (150 km southeast of Garoua), the site KB 6 has yielded a fauna of vertebrates [6]. The presence of the Crocodile Araripesuchus and the Dinosaur Ouranosaurus allows us to compare this fauna with that of Gadoufaoua (Niger) reported to the Aptian by Ph. Taquet [7]. Since 1986, the washing and sieving of about 7 tons of sediments from the locality KB6 has yielded numerous remains of microvertebrates, including Amphibians, Reptiles, and the first remains of Mammals known from the Cretaceous on the African continent. Among these, two dental remains, originally collected [8], and now supplemented by a fragment of mandible, belonging to a different taxon, have been identified. C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris, t. 307, Serie II, p. 1675-1680, 1988 1677 The mandible fragment (CAM-56) which is the subject of this work. The International Program for Research in the Cretaceous-Cenozoic of West Africa in Cameroon (P.I.R.C.A.O.C.) has as one of its main objectives the study of fossil fauna and flora, as well as the reconstruction
[6]. The presence of the Crocodile Araripesuchus and the Dinosaur Ouranosaurus allows us to compare this fauna with that of Gadoufaoua (Niger) reported to the Aptian by Ph. Taquet [7]. Since 1986, the washing and sieving of about 7 tons of sediments from the locality KB6 has yielded numerous remains of microvertebrates, including Amphibians, Reptiles, and the first remains of Mammals known from the Cretaceous on the African continent. Among these, two dental remains, originally collected [8], and now supplemented by a fragment of mandible, belonging to a different taxon, have been identified. C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris, t. 307, Serie II, p. 1675-1680, 1988 1677 The mandible fragment (CAM-56) which is the subject of this work. The International Program for Research in the Cretaceous-Cenozoic of West Africa in Cameroon (P.I.R.C.A.O.C.) has as one of its main objectives the study of fossil fauna and flora, as well as the reconstruction of their paleoenvironments. Since 1985, Cameroonian, French, and American geologists and paleontologists have carried out missions on the terrain that have led, among other things, to the discovery of fossil faunas and floras in the continental Cretaceous basins of northern Cameroon ([1] to [3]). The formation and evolution of these basins, located in the Cameroonian portion of the Yola branch of the Benue Trough, are linked to the opening of the Equatorial Atlantic which leads to the separation Africa-America du Sud at the level of the Gulf of Guinea ([4] and [5]). In the Koum Basin (150 km southeast of Garoua), the site KB 6 has yielded a fauna of vertebrates [6]. The presence of the Crocodile Araripesuchus and the Dinosaur Ouranosaurus allows us to compare this fauna with that of Gadoufaoua (Niger) reported to the Aptian by Ph. Taquet [7]. Since 1986, the washing and sieving of about 7 tons of sediments from the locality KB6 has yielded numerous remains of microvertebrates, including Amphibians, Reptiles, and the first remains of Mammals known from the Cretaceous on the African continent. Among these, two dental remains, originally collected [8], and now supplemented by a fragment of mandible, belonging to a different
basins, located in the Cameroonian portion of the Yola branch of the Benue Trough, are linked to the opening of the Equatorial Atlantic which leads to the separation Africa-America du Sud at the level of the Gulf of Guinea ([4] and [5]). In the Koum Basin (150 km southeast of Garoua), the site KB 6 has yielded a fauna of vertebrates [6]. The presence of the Crocodile Araripesuchus and the Dinosaur Ouranosaurus allows us to compare this fauna with that of Gadoufaoua (Niger) reported to the Aptian by Ph. Taquet [7]. Since 1986, the washing and sieving of about 7 tons of sediments from the locality KB6 has yielded numerous remains of microvertebrates, including Amphibians, Reptiles, and the first remains of Mammals known from the Cretaceous on the African continent. Among these, two dental remains, originally collected [8], and now supplemented by a fragment of mandible, belonging to a different taxon, have been identified. C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris, t. 307, Serie II, p. 1675-1680, 1988 1677 The mandible fragment (CAM-56) which is the subject of this work. The International Program for Research in the Cretaceous-Cenozoic of West Africa in Cameroon (P.I.R.C.A.O.C.) has as one of its main objectives the study of fossil fauna and flora, as well as the reconstruction of their paleoenvironments. Since 1985, Cameroonian, French, and American geologists and paleontologists have carried out missions on the terrain that have led, among other things, to the discovery of fossil faunas and floras in the continental Cretaceous basins of northern Cameroon ([1] to [3]). The formation and evolution of these basins, located in the Cameroonian portion of the Yola branch of the Benue Trough, are linked to the opening of the Equatorial Atlantic which leads to the separation Africa-America du Sud at the level of the Gulf of Guinea ([4] and [5]). In the Koum Basin (150 km southeast of Garoua), the site KB 6 has yielded a fauna of vertebrates [6]. The presence of the Crocodile Araripesuchus and the Dinosaur Ouranosaurus allows us to compare this fauna with that of Gadoufaoua (Niger) reported to the Aptian by Ph.
study of fossil fauna and flora, as well as the reconstruction of their paleoenvironments. Since 1985, Cameroonian, French, and American geologists and paleontologists have carried out missions on the terrain that have led, among other things, to the discovery of fossil faunas and floras in the continental Cretaceous basins of northern Cameroon ([1] to [3]). The formation and evolution of these basins, located in the Cameroonian portion of the Yola branch of the Benue Trough, are linked to the opening of the Equatorial Atlantic which leads to the separation Africa-America du Sud at the level of the Gulf of Guinea ([4] and [5]). In the Koum Basin (150 km southeast of Garoua), the site KB 6 has yielded a fauna of vertebrates [6]. The presence of the Crocodile Araripesuchus and the Dinosaur Ouranosaurus allows us to compare this fauna with that of Gadoufaoua (Niger) reported to the Aptian by Ph. Taquet [7]. Since 1986, the washing and sieving of about 7 tons of sediments from the locality KB6 has yielded numerous remains of microvertebrates, including Amphibians, Reptiles, and the first remains of Mammals known from the Cretaceous on the African continent. Among these, two dental remains, originally collected [8], and now supplemented by a fragment of mandible, belonging to a different taxon, have been identified. C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris, t. 307, Serie II, p. 1675-1680, 1988 1677 The mandible fragment (CAM-56) which is the subject of this work. The International Program for Research in the Cretaceous-Cenozoic of West Africa in Cameroon (P.I.R.C.A En raison de la forme du processus angulaire (étiré vers le bas et l'arrière), de la réduction de la denture jugale, de la taille et de la disposition des alvéoles, Simpson a rapproché Brancatherium du genre Peramus (Paurodontidae). Plus récemment Prothero en a fait un Cladotheria incertae sedis. Malheureusement ces traits anatomiques ne peuvent pas être observés sur la pièce camerounaise. Par la présence d'un paracône élevé et l'absence de protocône, la dent jugale molariforme (CAM 54) du Bassin de Koum doit également être rapportée au Cladotheria non Tribosphenida (sensu Prothero, 1981). Mais comme la dent jugale
now supplemented by a fragment of mandible, belonging to a different taxon, have been identified. C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris, t. 307, Serie II, p. 1675-1680, 1988 1677 The mandible fragment (CAM-56) which is the subject of this work. The International Program for Research in the Cretaceous-Cenozoic of West Africa in Cameroon (P.I.R.C.A En raison de la forme du processus angulaire (étiré vers le bas et l'arrière), de la réduction de la denture jugale, de la taille et de la disposition des alvéoles, Simpson a rapproché Brancatherium du genre Peramus (Paurodontidae). Plus récemment Prothero en a fait un Cladotheria incertae sedis. Malheureusement ces traits anatomiques ne peuvent pas être observés sur la pièce camerounaise. Par la présence d'un paracône élevé et l'absence de protocône, la dent jugale molariforme (CAM 54) du Bassin de Koum doit également être rapportée au Cladotheria non Tribosphenida (sensu Prothero, 1981). Mais comme la dent jugale inférieure prémolariforme (CAM 31), elle est trop petite pour appartenir au même taxon que le fragment de mandibule CAM-56. L'ensemble de ce matériel témoigne donc de la présence d'au moins deux espèces de Mammifères dans le Crétacé inférieur du Cameroun. Aucun élément ne permet, pour le moment, d'attester la présence de Mammifères Tribosphenida, ce qui d'un point de vue paléobiogéographique, est en accord avec le peuplement mammalien crétacé des continents gondwaniens tel qu'il a été envisagé à la lumière des découvertes récentes faites en Amérique du Sud. Le financement du P.I.R.C.A.O.C. est assuré du côté français par le Ministère de la Coopération, le C.N.R.S., l'Université de Poitiers, le Collège de France (Chaire de Paléoanthropologie et de Préhistoire), du côté américain par la N.S.F. (grant BSR-8700539), l'Université de Harvard et la National Geographic Society et du côté camerounais par l'I.R.G.M. de Yaoundé. Un support logistique est apporté par l'École de la faune à Garoua. Le transport aérien est assuré en coopération avec la compagnie aérienne U.T.A. Pour leur aide et pour leurs conseils, nous remercions nos collègues : W. Downs, K. Newman, D. R. Russell et D. Winkler. Note reçue le 12 septembre 1988, acceptée le 30 septembre 1988. RÉFÉRENCES BIBLIOGRAPHIQUES
de Mammifères Tribosphenida, ce qui d'un point de vue paléobiogéographique, est en accord avec le peuplement mammalien crétacé des continents gondwaniens tel qu'il a été envisagé à la lumière des découvertes récentes faites en Amérique du Sud. Le financement du P.I.R.C.A.O.C. est assuré du côté français par le Ministère de la Coopération, le C.N.R.S., l'Université de Poitiers, le Collège de France (Chaire de Paléoanthropologie et de Préhistoire), du côté américain par la N.S.F. (grant BSR-8700539), l'Université de Harvard et la National Geographic Society et du côté camerounais par l'I.R.G.M. de Yaoundé. Un support logistique est apporté par l'École de la faune à Garoua. Le transport aérien est assuré en coopération avec la compagnie aérienne U.T.A. Pour leur aide et pour leurs conseils, nous remercions nos collègues : W. Downs, K. Newman, D. R. Russell et D. Winkler. Note reçue le 12 septembre 1988, acceptée le 30 septembre 1988. RÉFÉRENCES BIBLIOGRAPHIQUES [1] M. BRUNET, Y. COPPENS, D. PILBEAM, SOBA DJALLO, K. BEHRENSMEYER, A. BRILLANCEAU, W. DOWNS, M. DUPERON, G. EKODECK, L. FLYNN, E. HEINTZ, J. HELL, Y. JEHENNE, L. MARTIN, Ch. MOSSER, M. SALARD-CHEBOLDAEFF, S. WENZ et S. WING, C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris, 303, série II, 1986, p. 425-428. [2] L. FLYNN, A. BRILLANCEAU, M. BRUNET, Y. COPPENS, J. DEJAX, M. DUPERON, G. EKODECK, K. M. FLANAGAN, E. HEINTZ, J. HELL, L. L. JACOBS, D. PILBEAM, S. SEN et SOBA DJALLO, Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 1, 1987, p. 469-471. [3] L. JACOBS, K. M. FLANAGAN, M. BRUNET, L. FLYNN, J. DEJAX et J. HELL. Dinosaur footprints from the Lower Cretaceous of Cameroon, West Africa. Proceedings of the First International Symposium on Dinosaur tracks and traces, Muséum of Northern Arizona Press (in Press). Fig. 2. — Prémolaire inférieure de Mammifère du Crétacé inférieur du Cameroun (CAM31) (CAM31) face vestibulaire. Fig. 2. — Mammalian lower Premolar from the Lower Cretaceous of Cameroon (CAM-31): labial view. 1680 C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris, t. 307, Série II, p. 1675-1680, 1988 [4] R. A. REYMENT et R. V. DINGLE, Pal. Pal. Pal., 59, 1987, p. 93-116. [5] M. BRUNET, J. DEJAX, A. BRILLANCEAU, J. CONGLETON,
L. FLYNN, A. BRILLANCEAU, M. BRUNET, Y. COPPENS, J. DEJAX, M. DUPERON, G. EKODECK, K. M. FLANAGAN, E. HEINTZ, J. HELL, L. L. JACOBS, D. PILBEAM, S. SEN et SOBA DJALLO, Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 1, 1987, p. 469-471. [3] L. JACOBS, K. M. FLANAGAN, M. BRUNET, L. FLYNN, J. DEJAX et J. HELL. Dinosaur footprints from the Lower Cretaceous of Cameroon, West Africa. Proceedings of the First International Symposium on Dinosaur tracks and traces, Muséum of Northern Arizona Press (in Press). Fig. 2. — Prémolaire inférieure de Mammifère du Crétacé inférieur du Cameroun (CAM31) (CAM31) face vestibulaire. Fig. 2. — Mammalian lower Premolar from the Lower Cretaceous of Cameroon (CAM-31): labial view. 1680 C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris, t. 307, Série II, p. 1675-1680, 1988 [4] R. A. REYMENT et R. V. DINGLE, Pal. Pal. Pal., 59, 1987, p. 93-116. [5] M. BRUNET, J. DEJAX, A. BRILLANCEAU, J. CONGLETON, W. DOWNS, M. DUPERON-LAUDOUENIX, V. EISENMANN, K. FLANAGAN, L. FLYNN, E. HEINTZ, J. HELL, L. JACOBS, Y. JEHENNE, E. NDJENG, G. MOUCHELIN et D. PILBEAM, C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris, 306, série II, 1988, p. 1125-1130. [6] J. CONGLETON, L. FLYNN, L. JACOBS, M. BRUNET, J. DEJAX, J. HELL et D. PILBEAM, Preliminary correlation of continental sediments of the Koum Basin, Northern Cameroon, Proceedings of the N.M.C. Symposium, Umruqi, August 1987 (in Press). [7] Ph. TAQUET, Géologie et paléontologie du gisement de Gadoufaoua (Aptien du Niger), Cah. Pal.ontol. C.N.R.S., 1976, 191 p. [8] L. L. JACOBS, J. D. CONGLETON, M. BRUNET, J. DEJAX, L. J. FLYNN, J. HELL, G. MOUCHELIN et D. PILBEAM, Nature (Submitted). [9] G. G. SIMPSON, Amer. Jour. Sci., 15, (90), 1928, p. 461-470. [10] W. O. DIETRICH, Zbl. Min. Geol. Paläontl., (B), 1927, p. 423-426. [11] G. G. SIMPSON, Amer. Jour. Sci., 15, (88), p. 303-308. [12] D. R. PROTHERO, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 167, (V), 1981, p. 280-325. [13] J. F. BONAPARTE, IV Congr. Argent. Paleont. y Bioestrat., Mendoza, Argentina, 2, 1986, p. 63-95. [14] L. M. VAN VALEN, Nature, 333, 1988, p. 113. M. B., Y. J. et G. M. : Laboratoire de
D. PILBEAM, Preliminary correlation of continental sediments of the Koum Basin, Northern Cameroon, Proceedings of the N.M.C. Symposium, Umruqi, August 1987 (in Press). [7] Ph. TAQUET, Géologie et paléontologie du gisement de Gadoufaoua (Aptien du Niger), Cah. Pal.ontol. C.N.R.S., 1976, 191 p. [8] L. L. JACOBS, J. D. CONGLETON, M. BRUNET, J. DEJAX, L. J. FLYNN, J. HELL, G. MOUCHELIN et D. PILBEAM, Nature (Submitted). [9] G. G. SIMPSON, Amer. Jour. Sci., 15, (90), 1928, p. 461-470. [10] W. O. DIETRICH, Zbl. Min. Geol. Paläontl., (B), 1927, p. 423-426. [11] G. G. SIMPSON, Amer. Jour. Sci., 15, (88), p. 303-308. [12] D. R. PROTHERO, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 167, (V), 1981, p. 280-325. [13] J. F. BONAPARTE, IV Congr. Argent. Paleont. y Bioestrat., Mendoza, Argentina, 2, 1986, p. 63-95. [14] L. M. VAN VALEN, Nature, 333, 1988, p. 113. M. B., Y. J. et G. M. : Laboratoire de Paléontologie des vertébrés, Université de Poitiers, U.A. n° 12, C.N.R.S., 86022 Poitiers Cedex; L. J. et J. C. : Shuler Museum of Paleontology, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, TX 75275, U.S.A.; Y. C. : Collège de France, Chaire de Paléoanthropologie et Préhistoire, 75005 Paris; J. D. : Institut de Paléontologie, Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, 75005 Paris; L. F. et D. P. : Peabody Museum, Harvard University, Cambridge, M.A. 02138, U.S.A.; J. H. : I.R.G.M. Yaoundé, C.R.G.M., B. P. n° 333, Garoua, Cameroun. Paléontologie/Paléontogie The discovery of fossiliferous Plio-Pleistocene cave fillings in Ngamiland, Botswana Martin PICKFORD et Pierre MEIN Abstract — Five newly discovered Plio-Pleistocene localities in north-western Botswana consist of aeolian sands cemented by carbonate which accumulated in karstic fissures and caves. These fissure fillings contain extremely rich accumulations of micromammals which probably represent concentrations of owl pellets. Large mammals occur, but are poorly preserved and rare. Preliminary biostratigraphic analysis indicates that the strata are approximately the same âge as the cave fillings at Makapansgat, South Africa. The microfaunal remains indicate that the palaeoenvironment was already arid at the time of déposition, but that seasonal pans bordered by végétation occurred in the vicinity. C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris, t. 307, Série