jeanflop/post-ocr-correction huggingface dataset:
but the development of tourism and imitations of inferior quality would have affected the output. Now the museum enables the potters to refer to traditional forms and techniques and to continue using first-quality material. Moreover the museum furnishes them with a sales room and approximately fifty potters are thus able to sell their wares. The Mexican national museum of popular arts and crafts is responsible for the administration and running of the museum (1). NORWAY University Museums, Bergen Four museums are attached to the Bergen University. The Historisk Museum has important ethnological collections which have been recently rearranged in a
important ethnological collections which have been recently rearranged in a renovated building. Moreover, the museum produces catalogues, books and films on Folk art. The Natural History collections are divided up between three distinct museums: the Zoologisk Museum, which is suffering from lack of personnel and space; — the Botanisk Museum, which has renovated and considerably enlarged its herbarium and has modernized its methods for labeling specimens; — the Geologisk Museum, which has improved its displays by installing a more modern lighting system. (From the University Yearbook: Universitetet i Bergen, Arsmelding 1953-1954). PAKISTAN The Museums Journal. Organ of the Museums Association
1953-1954). PAKISTAN The Museums Journal. Organ of the Museums Association of Pakistan. Peshawar. August 1955 "Between ourselves" An appeal to the nation to obtain that Quaid-e-Azam's Birth place Museum be worthy of the Father of the Nation. The building is in an advanced stage of decay and the collections are practically inexistent. One looks in vain for photographs or personal belongings. It is requested that recordings of Quaid's speeches in the possession of Radio-Pakistan be retrieved and made accessible to visitors; that photographs and cinematographic records in the possession of Public Relations Departments, Central and Provincial, or in the hands
Public Relations Departments, Central and Provincial, or in the hands of private collectors be transferred to or acquired by the museum. The editors hope that the appeal will reach private (1) The museum itself also has a sales counter. See Icom News, June 1954, p. 21. collectors and that donations will help make the Museum worthy of the Founder of Pakistan. "Geological Museum, Panjab University", by Faiz Ahmed SHAMS The Geological Museum attached to the Department of Geology and Mineralogy, Panjab University, is vitally required for demonstration, reference and research purposes and it is hoped that local contributions, with the
purposes and it is hoped that local contributions, with the proper mention of respective localities, will help enlarge the collections. Systematic collecting during excursions by the teachers and students of the department increases the number of specimens and donations from foreign countries enable one to make a comparative study of samples. "The school museum", by A. A. ABBASI To make learning a living process no modern school can afford to be without a school museum. Its scope will necessarily be defined by the curricula of the subjects taught, and of course exhibits of general knowledge. The nucleus is usually composed
course exhibits of general knowledge. The nucleus is usually composed of maps, charts, globes, some experimental science apparatus, pictures, drawings, handiwork, etc. and teachers can expect the children and their parents to make contributions if their interest is awakened. "The working of the Peshawar Museum, 1954-55" The Peshawar Museum has published an illustrated guide and considerably developed its weekly Museum School Service. Attendance reached the record number of 144 967 including 40 000 women and many distinguished foreigners. A filmstrip by the Museums Association of Pakistan, depicting the cultural heritage of Pakistan as preserved in the various museums of the
of Pakistan as preserved in the various museums of the country is now available for sale. POLAND Wiadomosci archeologiczne Bulletin archeologique polonais, Warszawa vol. 20, n° 3, 1954 (Extracts) Museography "Nowe drogi muzealnej akcji owsiatowej", by Z. RAJEWSKI (New museum educational activities) The national museum of archaeology, Warsaw, has tried to reduce the costs of its temporary exhibitions by holding them outside the museum; in railway halls for instance to illustrate the protection of archaeological sites and collections or in industrial concerns to show certain aspects of the development of mining and metallurgic industry. The latter exhibition, organised with the
mining and metallurgic industry. The latter exhibition, organised with the help of the workers themselves, was shown in various establishments, the expenses being covered by the institutions. "Działalność Państwowego Muzeum archeologicznego w roku 1953", by H. MODRZEWSKA (Activities of the National Museum of Archaeology in 1953) Review of the activities of the museum: excavations, education, publications. "Działalność Działu archeologicznego Muzeum Slaskiego we Wrocławiu w 1953 roku", by W. SARNOWSKA (Activities of the Archaeological Department of the Museum of Silesia, Breslau, in 1953) The Department is responsible for the museum's educational programme and for the elaboration of catalogues for publication. "Działalność
programme and for the elaboration of catalogues for publication. "Działalność Działu archeologicznego Muzeum Pomorskiego w Gdańsku za 1953 rok", by L. J. LUKA (Activities of the archaeological Department of the Museum of Pomerania, Dantzig in 1953) The department, which was created in June 1953, endeavoured to regroup the collections of the former museum of archaeology which were dispersed during the war. Excavations were carried out in various Pomeranian sites and several temporary exhibitions organised. vol. 20, n° 4, 1954 (Extracts) "Sprawozdanie z działalności Oddziału Państwowego Muzeum archeologicznego w Nowej Hucie w 1953", by J. MARCINIAK (Report on the activities of
w 1953", by J. MARCINIAK (Report on the activities of the Department of the National Museum of archaeology in Nowa Huta, in 1953) This department was organised at Nowa Huta, since the creation of a great industrial centre brings to light important archaeological remains which it is important to safeguard. Moreover the Department studies and classifies the objects and, with the help of students from the archaeological Institute of the University of Cracow, organises general lectures on the protection of archaeological collections. A former palace will be adapted to museum needs until a building can be erected to house a
needs until a building can be erected to house a museum. "Działalność Muzeum archeologicznego w Poznaniu w r. 1953", by B. KOSTRZEWSKI (Activities of the archaeological Museum, Poznan, 1953) The museum has undertaken the scientific training of its staff in field work, has displayed recent excavation finds and, through its education services, has organised numerous guided tours to the exhibitions. Moreover the interest of the general public is awakened by various means: show windows under the arcades of a neighbouring house, radio and press releases, tracts and programmes distributed in institutions, factories and schools, initiation lectures on archaeology for teachers,
institutions, factories and schools, initiation lectures on archaeology for teachers, the publication of a bi-monthly bulletin with scientific and more general information and finally the organisation of a contest dealing with archaeological questions. "Działalność Muzeum archeologicznego w Łodzi w 1953 r", by B. LEPÓWNA (Activities of the archaeological Museum, Łódź, in 1953) The activities cover field excavations, the organisation of scientific lectures and the publication of articles (the museum has no publication of its own and encourages its staff to send articles to other institutional publications). Educational exhibitions are held both in and outside the museum for the general public,
both in and outside the museum for the general public, lectures given (170 in 1953), and trips organised to excavation sites. The Museum ensures its publicity by means of display cases, posters and panels at highly frequented spots. "Działalność Działu archeologicznego Muzeum Lubelskiego w 1953 r", by Z. SLUSARSKI (Activities of the archaeological Department of the Lublin Museum in 1953) The staff participated in excavations carried out by other institutions, organised the permanent displays of the new museum at Chelm, and lectures in schools and industrial establishments. "Działalność Działu archeologicznego Muzeum Górnoślaskiego w Bytomiu w 1953 roku", by D. HANULANKA
Muzeum Górnoślaskiego w Bytomiu w 1953 roku", by D. HANULANKA (Activities of the archaeological Department of the Silesian Museum at Bytom in 1953). Work in the field and in the Museum, guided tours and training of the staff in educational activities. vol 22, n° 1, 1955 (Extracts) News "Kolegium kwalifikacyjne dla pracowników naukowych w muzealnictwie i konserwatorstwie" (Committee to determine the professional qualifications of the scientific staff in museums and historic monuments services) This Committee, instituted by the Ministry of culture and arts, has started its work. "Posiedzenie Rady Redakcyjnej organu muzealnictwa i konserwatorstwa archeologicznego" (Meeting of the editorial Board
organu muzealnictwa i konserwatorstwa archeologicznego" (Meeting of the editorial Board of the Journal for museums and services for the protection of historic monuments and archaeological objects). The editorial Board of Wiadomości archeologiczne met in November 1954. It was decided to develop the section devoted to museum problems and to the activities of archaeological museums and to consider the publication of bibliographical reviews in the fields of museography and archaeology. Muzealnictwo (Museography) "Uniwersalny przyrząd do zdjęć i reprodukcji fotograficznych" (General apparatus for photograph and reproduction) A new installation in the laboratory of the Poznań museum of archaeology enables one to obtain
of the Poznań museum of archaeology enables one to obtain easily and rapidly photographs or reproductions of photographs of archaeological objects of varying size and clearness of detail. "Wystawy archeologiczne dla szkół" (Archaeological exhibitions for schools) Exhibition material set up at the Warsaw Museum of archaeology, consisting of 10 panels to be hung up and a case displaying objects from the archaeological collections. vol. 22, n° 2, 1955 (Extracts) News "Wystawa archeologiczna w Opolu", by M. NORSZKAGULKOWA (Archaeological exhibition at Opole). On the excavation site of Opole an exhibition was held in July 1954, entitled "The town of Opole from
held in July 1954, entitled "The town of Opole from the 10th to the 13th century as seen from archaeological remains". The excavation field was protected by a vellum roof and the objects were exhibited in a nearby building. "Polowa wystawa archeologiczna w Igłomi-Zofiopolu jej znaczenie dydaktyczne", by T. REYMAN (Archaeological exhibition in situ at Igłomi-Zofiopol and its educational role) The problem of this site is to protect in situ a number of potter's kilns constructed in the soil itself and therefore impossible to transfer to a museum. Sheds have been erected over a group of kilns so as to
been erected over a group of kilns so as to allow them to be visited by the public. Muzealnictwo "Działalność Muzeum archeologicznego w Łodzi w r. 1954", by B. LEPÓWNA (Activities of the Łódź archaeological museum in 1954) The Museum carried on its excavations; organised temporary and circulating exhibitions and training courses for the scientific staff (divided into three groups according to cultural background). SWITZERLAND Dioramas at the Berne Museum The Natural History Museum at Berne has published a small booklet explaining how it was led to set up dioramas and habitat groups and the methods used for mounting the
and habitat groups and the methods used for mounting the exhibits. Museums of ethnography, Basel The two museums of ethnography at Basel, in their annual report on their activities, give a joint account of the progress reached within the general reorganisation plan. New rooms have been opened at the Museum für Völkerkunde, others still have a temporary equipment until remodelling will have been completed. New premises having been attributed for reserve collections it has been possible to turn certain rooms into exhibition galleries, but the increase in the museum's collections and the need for a complete reorganisation of the displays
and the need for a complete reorganisation of the displays make it imperative that new galleries should be added and that modern equipment be installed throughout. Attendance increased from 33,844 in 1953 to 45,304 in 1954. The six important temporary exhibitions were very successful and especially appreciated by students and workers. UNION OF SOUTH AFRICA SAMAB. South African museums association bulletin, Durban vol. 6, n° 2, June 1955 A number of papers read at the annual meeting of the Museums Association concern co-operation, whether between museums of different categories or between museums and other educational institutions. "Co-operation between museums and
between museums and other educational institutions. "Co-operation between museums and universities", by A. C. HOFFMAN (Bloemfontein) Both museums and universities are dependent upon the Department of Education for their finances, and their scientific work in many respects covers the same field so that a closer co-operation between these institutions seems very essential. A practical scheme was discussed by the directors of three of the State museums at a meeting in Pretoria. Since the State museums are situated in cities where there are also universities it should be possible to apply the suggested programme. "Co-operation between museums, art galleries and schools",
the suggested programme. "Co-operation between museums, art galleries and schools", by M. WYATT-STAYT (Durban) The author enlarges on a paper read at a previous meeting and suggests that the Association undertake a survey of existing museum services and facilities in the Union of South Africa, other parts of Africa, and possibly overseas countries. "Co-operation between museums, art galleries and schools", by J. M. Z. HUTHWAITE (Durban) The author sums up the educational activities carried out by the Durban Museum and Art Gallery for nearly 40 years. Special exhibitions, discussion groups, the handling of specimens, films and lantern slides, questionnaires have
the handling of specimens, films and lantern slides, questionnaires have given excellent results. "Some observations on co-operation between museums and schools", by J. M. STURGESS History of the development of museum education services in South Africa and recent trends in the teaching of natural history and biology; methods by which British and American museums awaken the interest of school children, creation of Junior Naturalist Clubs, etc. "Co-operation between museums and schools", by Miss M. E. JOHNS Random thoughts on children's visits to museums with their teachers. It is advised that teachers prepare the lesson given in a museum as carefully
teachers prepare the lesson given in a museum as carefully as any given in a classroom. vol. 6, n° 3, Sept. 1955 "Techniques for the study of Permian-Triassic fossils of South Africa", by A. W. CROMPTON (Bloemfontein) Techniques designed to reveal the finest detail of the structure of fossils are employed in palaeontological institutes throughout the world and the author describes the methods which have given satisfactory results in South Africa. "Co-operation between Museums and nature conservation department of Cape Province", by D. HEY (Cape Province) An advisory Committee for nature conservation has been established by the Provincial administration. As
nature conservation has been established by the Provincial administration. As a result the resources of the museums are more readily available and the Department of Nature Conservation. It is in the museum that the city dweller — both child and adult — usually makes his first contact with nature and the manner in which it is presented to him may influence his attitude for life. "Co-operation between museums and authorities responsible for nature conservation" by Col. J. VINCENT (Natal) This paper completes the preceding one and deals with the conservation of natural reserves and parks. The author stresses the danger
of natural reserves and parks. The author stresses the danger — especially in Africa — of disrupting the biological equilibrium of a county. The education of the general public must be effected both by the Museum worker and the conservationist. Habitat groups, lectures, films, guided tours are part of the visual education carried out by museums. The biological and ecological research carried out by the museum scientist does much to inform the minds of the general public. The author deplores however a certain duplication in the taxonomical programme of museums. To conserve and improve natural resources there must be close
To conserve and improve natural resources there must be close co-operation between museum authorities and conservationists. "Co-operation between museums, art galleries and libraries", by R. F. KENNEDY (Johannesburg) The author advocates close co-operation between historical museums and art galleries. The specialised knowledge of the Director of an art gallery is of great assistance for determining the value of a picture in an historical museum. There is also complete co-operation between the Johannesburg Public Library and the Africana Museum. Moreover South Africa has a well-developed inter-library loan system operating through the State Library, Pretoria. Under this system all the public libraries,
State Library, Pretoria. Under this system all the public libraries, the university libraries, specialised libraries and some museums make their stock available anywhere in Southern Africa. Museums can put on an occasional exhibition in the library: the library can display its treasures in the museum; however the extent of co-operation will depend very largely on the personality and outlook of the individual officials. "South African museums and the archaeological survey", by B. D. MALAN (Johannesburg) South Africa is one of the richest countries in the world in archaeological remains and general interest in the material is on the increase everywhere.
general interest in the material is on the increase everywhere. However, only a few South African museums have the staff qualified to identify and classify archaeological material and to arrange adequate displays. Centralisation of the collections would have a detrimental effect on interest, not only in the subject, but in the local museum. The archaeological survey of the Union aims at being a central clearing house for information, but museums may not be sufficiently informed of what help the survey can offer: identification and classification of specimens, recording of information, etc. Cooperation is possible through correspondence and through visits to
etc. Cooperation is possible through correspondence and through visits to the museums or to the Survey, it being understood that the Survey has no wish to interfere in the affairs of any other institution still less to dictate to them. (1) prehistoric material vol. 6, n° 4, Dec. 1955 "The functions of an historical museum and its role in the community it serves", by Mrs. D. STRUTT (Durban) The main functions of the Natal Settlers Old House Museum are to collect and preserve selected historical material; to use this material to illustrate the history of Natal; to make accessible for
to illustrate the history of Natal; to make accessible for research purposes exhibits not on display. The building has two exhibition rooms only so that the exhibits are changed frequently. Each item of the stored collection is indexed and a modification of the Dewey system of classification has been used for photographs and documents which are housed in vertical files in steel filing cabinets. A card index subject catalogue is based on the same system. The location of each item is entered in the accession register which also contains the item number and notes, particulars, source and value of each
item number and notes, particulars, source and value of each item. An additional card-index to sources simplifies enquiries from donors. A project in hand is the formation of a small puppet theatre. Episodes of Natal's history will be brought to life for the children. UNITED KINGDOM The Museums Journal, London. vol. 55, n° 8, Nov. 1955 "State aid abroad" During a recent visit to Holland and Sweden the editors have examined the methods by which the state gives financial assistance to provincial and local museums in those countries. In Holland, in addition to the annual subsidies to museums which do
in addition to the annual subsidies to museums which do not belong to the State a number of grants are made each year for extensions, reorganizations or for the purchase of objects. In Sweden part of the proceeds of the State lottery has been used for the construction of new museum buildings. This year the Government has introduced a system of grants to regional museums which cover the major part of the curator's or assistant curator's salaries. In return the curators are appointed Regional Inspectors of the State and are entrusted with the duty of supervising all the antiquities of
entrusted with the duty of supervising all the antiquities of their Province. "A University Museum in the region", by E. K. WATERHOUSE (Birmingham) A number of universities have added a department of art history to their resources. The author stresses the importance for the Museums Association of not divorcing itself from these university departments and of integrating them as fully as may be into its own body. In the discussion that followed the reading of this paper at the Museums Conference at Birmingham it was claimed that the teacher in the history of art who was responsible for a collection
the history of art who was responsible for a collection of pictures and the building in which they were housed should be prepared to study the techniques of administration, conservation and display, points which are covered by the existing Diploma. It did not seem necessary to enlarge the present Diploma course to enable university art teachers to become museum curators. "Children and science in the museum", by F. S. TAYLOR (London) The Director of the Science Museum, London, describes the main objects of a museum, particularly instruction through pleasure for children. Experience shows that children enjoy working models; however a
children. Experience shows that children enjoy working models; however a children's gallery must have a systematic plan so that unaccompanied children as well as school groups with their teachers may benefit by the visit. "A new mount", by C. V. ADAMS (Plymouth) The author who is Keeper of Natural History at the City Museum, Plymouth, discusses the use of cell mounts as an alternative to embedding biological specimens in transparent plastic. The method is inexpensive and material may be mounted either in formalin, alcohol or in a dry state. vol. 55, n° 9, Dec. 1955 "Export of works of art"
55, n° 9, Dec. 1955 "Export of works of art" Commentary on the public assistance made available to provincial art galleries and museums. Grants are usually inadequate except those to national museums which have been substantially increased to enable them to pursue negotiations freely for approved purchases and with the shortest possible lapse of time. The sum at the disposal of provincial galleries is out of keeping with their possible needs. The Reviewing Committee on the export of works of art recommends in its report that "the grant made available for the assistance of local collections should be greatly increased,