jeanflop/post-ocr-correction huggingface dataset:
the Lamto savannah reaches 114 x 106 kcal ha year, of which a third is destroyed by fire. The most important part is ingested by Termites and Earthworms, with a very low production (0,60 x 106 kcal/ha/year) but an important rejection of faeces (54 x 106 kcal ha/year). Secondary consumers, on the contrary, have a high ecological efficiency and their production reaches 0,35 x 106 kcal/ha/year. The amount of organic matter unused by macroscopic animals is a proof of the leading role of microorganisms. Ecophysiology Accumulations of Metals and Mineral Particles in Edible Cockle Tissues, Cerastoderma Edule (Bivalvia, Eulamellibranchia). Relation
Particles in Edible Cockle Tissues, Cerastoderma Edule (Bivalvia, Eulamellibranchia). Relation with Environment, by Micheline Martoja, Jacques Lhonoré and Bernard Elaimi There are two types of metallic accumulations. The first type is constant in localisation and composition, The second type is casually encountered, included in hemocyte nodules, changing with environment and some of its components are incorporated in inorganic particles. Radiobiology Role Played by Cytokinins in Radio Restoring Activity of Yeast Extracts, tRNA, and of a Particular Aminoacid Yeast Extract, by Michel Riedel, Philippe Barthe, Jacqueline Barnove and Robert Jonard Radio restoring activities of yeast extracts, of some fractional parts such
restoring activities of yeast extracts, of some fractional parts such as tRNA or amino acid solutions can be caused by the presence of natural cytokinins. Some of them were identified. Biochemistry Identification of the Essential Glutamyl Residue in Yeast 3-Phosphoglycerate Kinase, by Gisele Desvages, Claude Roustan, Annie Brevet and Louise-Anne Pradel The incorporation of nitrotyrosine into 3-phosphoglycerate kinase activated by carbodiimide results in the chemical modification of a single essential residue. After total proteolytic digestion, isolation of the dipeptide Gly Glu-N2O2 Tyr by immuno-affinity chromatography indicates the implication of a glutamyl residue. It is interesting to point out the applicability
glutamyl residue. It is interesting to point out the applicability of the method described for the purification of peptides containing carboxyl residues. Pharmacology Action of the Toxin II from Anemonia sulcata, on the Isolated Guinea-Pig Ileum, by France Tazieff-Depierre, Marc Choconavy and Daniele Goudour When the Guinea-Pig isolated ileum is treated with the Toxin II from Anemonia sulcata, it releases not only acetylcholine but also serotonin. These transmitters are both involved in the spasmogenic action of the toxin. Effect of Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) on the Biosynthesis and Fate of Noradrenaline (NA) in Isolated Perfused Rabbit Heart, by Pham-Huu-Chanh, In Sokan
(NA) in Isolated Perfused Rabbit Heart, by Pham-Huu-Chanh, In Sokan and Waltraud Lehmann-Schad In isolated perfused Rabbit heart, PGE2 at concentrations ranging from 1.10-8 to 1,10-4 M has shown no significant action either on the biosynthesis or on the metabolism of NA. But it inhibited NA uptake, nevertheless this action was weak. Pharmacokinetic Study of Clofibric acid in the Crab Pachygrapsus marmoratus Fabricius (Decapoda, Brachyura), by Jacques Lautier, Jean-Louis Chanal, Jacques Cuguen and Jean-G. Lagarrigue The pharmacokinetic study of clofibric acid in Pachygrapsus marmoratus shows that this lipid depressant is distributed with specially pronounced differences in all organs. Stomachal and
distributed with specially pronounced differences in all organs. Stomachal and hepatopancreatic fixation power is high while the one of muscle is relatively low contrary to what happens in Mammals. Antagonism between males and females seems to consist in a faster urinary excretion of radioactive compound and metabolites in males. Virology Detection by Direct Lymphocytic Immunocytotoxicity of Antigen on Cell Transformed by Rous Virus, by Ginette Dambrine and Laurent Cauchy The Hamster cells transformed by the Rous Sarcoma Virus (V.S.R.) evidenced surface antigenic alterations that were detected by a method of cellular mediated immunocytotoxicity. Immune Hamster lymphocytes were added to tritiated
cellular mediated immunocytotoxicity. Immune Hamster lymphocytes were added to tritiated proline prelabeled target cells. These lymphocytes were able to lyse specifically the V.S.R. transformed cells. Immunology Migration, Localisation and Lysis of Lymphocytes Transferred in the Mice, by Josiane Marotel-Schirmann, Gertrude Drach and Emanoil Barbu 10 days after the injection of lymphocytes labeled with 51Cr, in the footpads of syngenic Mice, 70 p. cent of the label is still present in the footpads. The 51Cr that comes out of the lymphocytes is eliminated from the footpads in less than 24hrs. In this way it is possible to study the cytolysis of
this way it is possible to study the cytolysis of allogenic lymphocytes in vivo. Cancerology Comparison of the Effects of Ethidium Bromide and of Ethidium Bromide-Deoxyribonucleic Acid in Ehrlich Tumor Cells, by Claude Desaive, Ernst Heinen, Roger Bassleer and Claire-Michelle Calberg-Bacq When injected into the peritoneal cavity, ethidium bromide can strongly inhibit the multiplication of mouse Ehrlich ascites tumor cells. This antitumor effect is increased when ethidium bromide is linked to DNA and also injected into the peritoneal cavity. The cellular alterations are identical after a treatment with E.B. either free or bound to DNA. However, when the cells are
free or bound to DNA. However, when the cells are treated with E.B.-DNA, they contain E.B. for a longer period than after a treatment with E.B. COMPTES RENDUS HEBDOMADAIRES DES SEANCES DE L'ACADEMIE DES SCIENCES CONTENTS VOLUME 284 — SECTION D No. 16 — SESSION OF APRIL 25th 1977 Mineralogy Structure of the Two-Water Layer Kozakov Saponite Saturated With Na, Ca and Mg Cations, by Helene Suquet, Cristina de La Calle and Henri Pezerat The structural evolution of the two-water layer Kozakov saponite is studied in relation to the relative humidity and the nature of the interlayer cation. The saponite
humidity and the nature of the interlayer cation. The saponite structures are compared with those of vermiculites. Petrography The basic intrusive rocks of the Tassent and Tasraft Anticlinal Structures, High Atlas, Morocco, by Philippe Chevremont 1493 Indications of nickel and copper sulphides are known among the basic rocks of the High Atlas, in Morocco. The petrography, mineralogy and metallogeny of these intrusions are more accurately defined. These intrusions show differentiated terms of alkaline affinities from troctolitic gabbros to granophyres. The systematic search for chilled margins permits one to state precisely the chronology of their setting, which stretches from the Upper
the chronology of their setting, which stretches from the Upper Jurassic to the Lower Cretaceous. Applied Geology Thermoluminescence Application to Concealed Uranium Ore Deposits, by Jean-Marie Charlet, Christian Dupuis and Yves Quertinier 1497 Radon, member of the decay series of uranium, is a valuable guide for concealed deposit prospection. As radon is radioactive, the delimitation of migration zones is possible by detection of its irradiation effects on geological formations especially superficial ones. With this aim, we propose to utilize the thermoluminescence method. First results relating to a Belgian uraniferous anomaly are presented. Tectonics The Orogenic Involution, by André Caire 1501
are presented. Tectonics The Orogenic Involution, by André Caire 1501 This dissymmetrical coherent pattern (see fig.) seems to result from oblique displacement of push-block. Joined to or superimposed upon any structure, it concerns very varied regions of the Globe: South-Scandinavia, West-Alps, Carpathians, Iran, East-Himalaya, Indonesia, Nord and South-Antilles, Alaska, etc. Paleogeography Evidences of the Vindobonian Transgression in the Eastern and South-Eastern Part of Provence; Relations to the "Lacustrine Vindobonian", by Gérard Pasqual and Claude Rousset 1505 Some evidences of the peri-alpine sea transgression during the Miocene period have been found on massifs located North of Toulon and at the top
on massifs located North of Toulon and at the top of some lacustrine deposits considered vindobonian in age. Then, the extension of these lakes preceded the marine transgression in this part of Provence, Paleogeographical, neotectonic and geomorphological concepts have therefore to be corrected. Paleobotany Presence of Eskia Genus at the Base of the Dwyka Series in the Orange Free State and Dating of the Beginning of the Great Post-Silurian Glacial Cycle in South Africa, by John Brown and Yves Lemoigne 1509 A revision of the collection of fossil plants from the lower part of the glacial tillites of the Dwyka
the lower part of the glacial tillites of the Dwyka Series of the Saint-Helena Gold Mine in the Orange Free State (South Africa) has revealed the presence of 'Eskia Kidston 1903, a genus known from the Lower Carboniferous of Eur-Ameria and Angara. It seems most likely that the onset of glacial cycle and the origin of the Dwyka Series began in the Lower Carboniferous and not in the Upper Devonian. The genus Eskia was present in Angaraland, Eur-Americaland and Gondwanaland palaeofloristic provinces. Paleontology The Vertebrate Fauna of the Vogt Horizon (Red Bay Group, Vestspitsbergen). A Comparison with other European Lower
(Red Bay Group, Vestspitsbergen). A Comparison with other European Lower Devonian "Fish" Assemblages, by Daniel Goujet and Alain Blieck 1513 The Vogt horizon from Vestspitsbergen seems to be stratigraphically equivalent to the Lower Middle Dittonian of Welsh Borderland. Its fauna has also a number of affinities with that of the Czortkow stage of Podolia, pro parte. The comparison of the faunas leads to the hypothesis of marine environmental conditions for the Vertebrates from those areas. A Miocene Mammal Locality at Quebrada Honda (Southern Bolivia), by Robert Hoffstetter 1517 Discovery in southernmost Bolivia of a mammal locality giving, for the first
southernmost Bolivia of a mammal locality giving, for the first time in Bolivia, the physiognomy of a Middle Miocene (cf. Friasian) faunal assemblage: 5 orders, 11 families. Tropical Botany Taxogenesis of the Malagasy Flora The Genera Mammea L. and Paramammea Leroy gen nov. (Guttiferae), by Jean-François Leroy 1521 The genus Mammea is here defined as characterized by a 2-carpellate (and 4-loculate) pistil, with one style and 2 stigmas; its area, which includes Madagascar where some fifteen species grow, is established. A new genus composed of 4-5 species, very close to Mammea and endemic to Madagascar, is created under the name
Mammea and endemic to Madagascar, is created under the name Paramammea. It is characterized by the pistil which is 4-carpellate, with 1 or 4 styles (occasionally entirely distinct) and 4 stigmas. On this account, it is thought that the genus Mammea could have originated in Madagascar. Plant Physiology Flowering and Reversion to Vegetative Conditions in Gillyflower (Cheiranthus cheiri). Variations of Amino Acids in the Apical Bud During the Changes Caused by Different Temperatures, by Janine Diomaiuto-Bonnand, Camille Hubac and Anne-Sifarie Le Saint 1525 Free proline increases rapidly in plants treated by frost (5°) for normal flowering and inflorescencial genesis. This
by frost (5°) for normal flowering and inflorescencial genesis. This increase is particularly important during the acquisition of the reproductive conditions; then proline remains constant all the time the plants are at 5°C. Return to an average temperature causes the plants to return to a vegetative state and proline decreases. Micro-Analysis of the Oxidized and Reduced Pyridine Nucleotides in Leaf and Plastid Extracts of Wheat and Duckweed, by Jacqueline Vermeersch, René Moneger and Daniel Lechevallier 1529 The estimation of significant but minute amounts (10 -10 moles) of reduced or oxidized NADP or NAD in plant samples is achieved by a
NADP or NAD in plant samples is achieved by a method including previous freeze-drying, grinding in hot conditions without intermediary heating step, and enzymic cycling analysis using thiazolyl blue, and phenazine methosulfate for NADP as well as for NAD. Phytopathology Biochemical Reactions in Isolated Fruits of Lycopersicum esculentum Mill. Artificially Inoculated with Phytophthora nicotianae var. parasitica (Dast.) Waterh., by Bernard Trique 1533 Antifungal substances are produced by Tomato berries when P. nicotianae is aseptically inoculated in their central parenchymatous tissue. Production yields quantitatively depend on the tested variety but, at each maturity level, reach a peak value towards 48 hrs
each maturity level, reach a peak value towards 48 hrs after inoculation. Smallest size and lowest lycopen content are directly related with highest yields. By the time the climacteric maximum is reached, the rate of phytoalexin synthesis is falling. Neuroanatomy Secondary Olfactory Projections of a Teleost Pollachius pollachius, by Marcelle Chanconie and Pierre Clairambault 1537 The projections of the olfactory bulb of a marine Teleost were examined on seventeen adult specimens after excision of the bulb. After a post-operative period of five to twenty days (at 17°C), the degenerating fibers were stained by the Fink-Heimer technique. Two main olfactory pathways
were stained by the Fink-Heimer technique. Two main olfactory pathways are observed, tractus olfactorius lateralis and tractus olfactorius medialis. Degenerating axonic terminals are shown in two fields, one in the ipsilateral and the other in the contralateral posterior hemisphere. Histochemistry Histochemistry of the First Stages of Mineralization of Carcinus maenas Cuticle. Attempt of Localization of Carbonic Anhydrase, by Marie-Madeleine Giraud 1541 The calcification of the cuticle occurs a short time after the molt. It spreads in depth along the septae limiting a system of prisms. These septae contain acid mucopolysaccharide, and show a strong affinity for carbonates. Carbonic anhydrase could
and show a strong affinity for carbonates. Carbonic anhydrase could also be localized in these septae. Insect Physiology Synergistic Action of Carbohydrate and Terpene Components in the Secondary Attraction Process and the Mechanism of Pheromone Elaboration in Scolytidae Conifer Parasites, by Constantin Chararas... 1545 The author describes the results of experiments in primary and secondary attraction in Scolytidae species of genus Ips, Pityophthorus, Pityogenes and Orthotomicus. Pheromone production by males is influenced by nutritional factors (carbohydrates of host sap) and terpene component. Bacterial conversion of ingested monoterpens is possible but not essential in the pheromones elaboration. Independence of Food Yield
not essential in the pheromones elaboration. Independence of Food Yield and Weight at Emergence with and Without Under Nourishment in Acanthoscelides obtectus Say on Phaseolus Vulgaris, by Jacques Lerin 1549 The heterogeneity of adult's weight at emergence when larvae are crowded in Acanthoscelides obtectus Say is caused by the variability of the amount of space and food at the disposal of competing larvae and not by a modification of the "ecological efficiency". A correlation coefficient of 0.93 appears between larval consumption and adult's weight at emergence. This adaptation to crowding allows the survival of a great number of individuals and
allows the survival of a great number of individuals and the persistence of a diversified gene pool. Invertebrate Physiology Oviposition of Drosophila Melanogaster Under LD 12:12 Light Conditions: Effects of Light Intensity Upon The Expression of the Daily Rhythm, by Roland Allemand 1553 Under photoperiodic conditions LD 12: 12, the oviposition rhythm is dependent on the light intensity received during the photophase. With a low intensity (under 60 lux) a bimodal rhythm was observed whereas with higher intensities, it became unimodal. The oviposition peak at the beginning of the darkness increased with light intensity while egg production during the last
increased with light intensity while egg production during the last hours of the photophase decreased. These data demonstrate the preponderance of external conditions upon oviposition rhythmicity in D. melanogaster. Comparative Physiology Absence of Correlation Between Oxygen Content of External Medium and Sodium Efflux Across the Gills of Carassius auratus in Fresh Water and of Mugil capito in Sea Water, by Jean Maetz, Pierre Pic and Pierre Lahitte 1557 Considerable variations in the oxygen content of the external medium inducing important alterations in gill ventilation and blood flow but compatible with survival of the Fish (partial oxygen pressure range: 30 to
survival of the Fish (partial oxygen pressure range: 30 to 600 torr) are not followed by any significant changes in the branchial sodium efflux. Biology Peritoneal Exudate with Mononuclear Leukocytes Observed During Normal Pregnancy in Various Species, by Jeanna Schwartz, Andre Evquien and Stephane Chaux 1561 A peritoneal, cell-rich fluid, containing mononuclear leukocytes, macrophages, monocytes, mast cells and lymphocytes, was observed during normal pregnancy in animals belonging to various species. These cells might be concerned in a homograft-like, mother-foetus, relationship. Experimental Biology Effects of Radio-Frequency Lesions at Different Loci of the Encephalon on the Mitotic Rate in the Glandular Epithelium
the Encephalon on the Mitotic Rate in the Glandular Epithelium of the Small Intestine in the Rat, by Mauro Bindoni, Antonio Bava, Stefania Stanzani, Caterina Campione and Innocenzo Nicotra 1565 Radio-frequency lesions of tubero-infundibular region of the hypothalamus are followed by a significant increase of the mitotic rate in the small intestine glandular epithelium in Rats. This increase does not occur when radio-frequency lesions are located in the anterior and posterior hypothalamus, in the dorsomedial thalamus and in the cerebral hemispheres. Ecology Estimation of Specific Diversity of Phytoplankton from the Number of Cells Determined by a Scale of Classes, by
Number of Cells Determined by a Scale of Classes, by Jean Devaux and Guy Millerioux 1569 The authors used the scale of classes proposed by Frontier for the estimation of specific diversity. This index is calculated with the upper limits of the classes where each species is placed. A good agreement is found with specific diversity calculated with the classical enumeration. Ecophysiology Manganese Accumulation by Plants on Ultrabasic Rocks in New Caledonia, by Tanguy Jaffre 1573 Alyxia rubricaulis (Apocynaceae) and several species of Maytenus (Celastraceae) accumulate manganese in their leaves to very high concentrations, over 3,2 % in Maytenus bureaviana
to very high concentrations, over 3,2 % in Maytenus bureaviana on basic hypermagnesian soils. The concentration of manganese in Alyxia is only high for plants growing on acid soils, while in Maytenus it depends mainly on the manganese concentration in the soil and is independent of pH. This raises the problem of manganese absorption by the roots from poorly soluble compounds. Seasonal Changes in Plasma Levels of Testosterone and Thyroxine in the Male European Badger, by Daniel Maurel, Janie Joffre and Jean Boissin 1577 In the male European Badger there are important variations in the plasma testosterone and thyroxine levels
are important variations in the plasma testosterone and thyroxine levels during the annual cycle. During the summer, plasma testosterone concentrations are low while plasma thyroxine rises to a very high level. In winter, when the thyroid activity is minimal, testicular activity increases. From February to May, the plasma testosterone remains at a high level, and then, after a sudden fall, a second peak occurs in June at which time the concentration of thyroxine is low. Population Dynamics Morphometric Study of Populations with and without Diapause of a Cricket from Algeria, by Jacques Rouault and Suzel Fuzeau-Braesch 1581 The morphometric study
by Jacques Rouault and Suzel Fuzeau-Braesch 1581 The morphometric study concerns 15 characters treated by multivariate analysis with principal component analyses. The populations of the Cricket in Hauts-Plateaux of Algeria with and without "diffuse" diapause differ only in their size. This difference is related to the increase in the number of moults and in duration of the winter instars. Radiobiology Irradiation Studies on Higher Plant Organ and Cell Cultures. Split Dose Effect on Survival of Axillary Buds From Haploid and Diploid Nicotiana Sylvestris, by Jean Mousseau and Monique Delbos 1585 An irradiation effect, measured as survival percentage, has generally less
An irradiation effect, measured as survival percentage, has generally less consequences when given as split dose than continuously. When split doses are separated by a long enough time, 2 or 3 hrs, a protective effect from the first irradiation against those following may appear. Study of the Microwaves of the Tanning Process in Tenebrio molitor L., by You Hing Tchao, Claude Huel and Jean-Jacques Lenoir-Rousseaux The anterior part of Tenebrio molitor releases enzymatic substances inducing the tanning process of the adult cuticle. These substances would be released before larval-pupal ecdysis. Their presence at a low rate enables the tanning process
Their presence at a low rate enables the tanning process to occur normally although later. Plant Biochemistry Studies on the Composition of Grindelia squarrosa and Grindelia aphanactis (Compositae), by Madeleine Pinkas, Monique Torek and Lucienne Bezanger-Beauquesne The authors have identified kempferol-3-methylether, quercetol-3,3'-dimethylether, kempferol-3,7-dimethylether in the flowers of Grindelia squarrosa, kempeferol-3-methylether and quercetol-3,3'-dimethylether in the flowers of Grindelia aphanactis. Biochemistry Report of a N-acetyl-galactosaminyltransferase Activity During the Murine YC8-Lymphoma, by Framboise Raimond-Pironneau, Nicole Achy-Sachot, Maximilienne Turpin and Evelyne Morel The N-acetyl-galactosaminyltransferase activity has been studied in the biological fluids of YC8-lymphoma bearing Balb/c mice. It is enhanced during tumor development from
bearing Balb/c mice. It is enhanced during tumor development from 1 to 30 times in peritoneal fluids and from 1 to 10 times in sera. This activity is nil in urines. Optimal requirements for activity have been determined. Results suggest the existence, during tumor process not only of an enhancement of enzymatic activity, but also of a new molecule synthesis, molecules which are endogenous acceptors for the enzyme. Pharmacology Study of the Antagonism Between Corticoadrenal Extract and Prostaglandin E2, by Pham-Huu-Chanh and Pham-Huu-Chanh Corticoadrenal extract has been shown to antagonize the action of prostaglandin E2 (Pg E2) on smooth muscle:
the action of prostaglandin E2 (Pg E2) on smooth muscle: this effect is noteworthy. It could partly elucidate the mechanism of the antihypotensive action of corticoadrenal extract. Applied Microbiology Isolation and Identification of Bacterial Strains which Biodegrade "Mancozebe", by Bernard Doneche Microbes able to grow only with "mancozebe" as organic nutriment exist in microflora of vineyard soils. This microflora is composed of bacteria belonging to Bacillus genus. Immunology Hemopoietic Stem Cells Preferential Differentiation After Transfer Into Lethally Irradiated Mice Previously Infected With BCG, by Gilles Marchal and Geneviève Milon Following injection of bone marrow cells in lethally irradiated mice, previously