translate English to French: 12 Stiglitz and Weiss (1981) analysed a situation where lenders are reluctant to raise interest rates because of concerns about adverse selection but instead prefer to keep interest rates low and ration credit by non-price criteria.
7 DeMel, McKensie et Woodruff (2006) 8 McKensie et Woodruff (2007) 9 Dehejia, Montgommery et Morduch (2005) 10 Karlan et Zinman (2007) 11 Les prêteurs locaux et les autres sources de financement des micro-entreprises imposent généralement des taux nettement supérieurs aux IMF.