Claim: “To revisit the ocean’s paleotemperatures now, we need to carefully quantify this re-equilibration, which has been overlooked for too long.

Relevance (1 = gold evidence, 0 = mined hard negative): 1
Passage: The calibration was initially done on the basis of spatial variations in temperature and it was assumed that this corresponded to temporal variations (Jouzel and Merlivat, 1984).

Relevance (1 = gold evidence, 0 = mined hard negative): 1
Passage: Mg has a long residence time in the ocean, and so it is possible to largely ignore the effect of changes in seawater Mg/Ca on the signal.

Relevance (1 = gold evidence, 0 = mined hard negative): 1
Passage: Temperature has been estimated (to varying degrees of fidelity) using leaf physiognomy for Late Cretaceous and Cenozoic leaf floras, principally using two main approaches: A univariate approach that is based on the observation that the proportion of woody dicot species with smooth (i.e.

Relevance (1 = gold evidence, 0 = mined hard negative): 1
Passage: The major influence on δ18O is the difference between ocean temperatures where the moisture evaporated and the place where the final precipitation occurred; since ocean temperatures are relatively stable the δ18O value mostly reflects the temperature where precipitation occurs.

Relevance (1 = gold evidence, 0 = mined hard negative): 1
Passage: Styles P raps "Past is the past, just let it be bygones / Matter of fact I know a fly song that we could vibe on", which Sanneh writes "Cheerfully out of place, he sounds like a man who has wandered into the wrong summertime party, but so what?

Relevance (1 = gold evidence, 0 = mined hard negative): 0
Passage: Carbon isotope measurements of benthic foramifinera at the K -- T boundary suggest rapid, repeated fluctuations in oceanic productivity in the 3 million years before the final extinction, and that productivity and ocean circulation ended abruptly for at least tens of thousands of years just after the boundary, indicating devastation of terrestrial and marine ecosystems.

Relevance (1 = gold evidence, 0 = mined hard negative): 0
Passage: "A Reconciled Estimate of Ice-Sheet Mass Balance".

Relevance (1 = gold evidence, 0 = mined hard negative): 0
Passage: Paleoclimatologists measure the ratio of oxygen-18 and oxygen-16 in the shells and skeletons of marine organisms to determine the climate millions of years ago (see oxygen isotope ratio cycle).

Relevance (1 = gold evidence, 0 = mined hard negative): 0
Passage: For other past climate fluctuation see : Paleoclimatology

Relevance (1 = gold evidence, 0 = mined hard negative): 0
Passage: The application of alkenone paleothermometers to high-resolution paleotemperature reconstructions of older glacial terminations have found that very similar, Younger Dryas-like paleoclimatic oscillations occurred during Terminations II and IV.

Relevance (1 = gold evidence, 0 = mined hard negative): 0
Passage: Climate changes can influence a planet's geological history.

Relevance (1 = gold evidence, 0 = mined hard negative): 0
Passage: Unusually rapid (up to 4.1 cm/year) present glacial isostatic rebound due to recent ice mass losses in the Amundsen Sea embayment region of Antarctica coupled with low regional mantle viscosity is predicted to provide a modest stabilizing influence on marine ice sheet instability in West Antarctica, but likely not to a sufficient degree to arrest it.

Relevance (1 = gold evidence, 0 = mined hard negative): 0
Passage: "Reassessment of the Potential Sea-Level Rise from a Collapse of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet".