This study focuses on counselees' knowledge of the Down syndrome before receiving genetic counseling. Data were collected from 47 mothers of children with the Down syndrome using a structured interview of 13 open-ended questions. This instrument was found to be both internally reliable and consistent. Results of this study document the enormous variation of counselees' knowledge of the Down syndrome before genetic counseling and show that this is positively associated with their educational background. Counselees with more than a high school education knew about 60% of the genetic information pertaining to the diagnosis before genetic counseling, while those with less than a high school education knew only 23% of this information before counseling. These results indicate that the better educated counselees are less apt to need to learn basic genetic information and may seek out genetic counseling services for other reasons. Possible motives are seeking knowledge confirmation, emotional support, and personalization of the information.